Baxter International Inc. and Subsidiaries Exhibit 12 - Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges (unaudited - in millions, except ratios) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Years ended December 31, 1997 1997 1996 1995 1995 1994 1993 1993 (C) (C) (C) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (benefit) $ 523 $ 875 $ 793 $ 524 $ 741 $ 559 ($74) $ 472 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Add: Interest costs 206 206 133 117 117 120 109 109 Estimated interest in rentals (A) 29 29 27 29 29 31 31 31 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fixed charges as defined 235 235 160 146 146 151 140 140 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interest costs capitalized (8) (8) (3) (3) (3) (2) (5) (5) Losses of less than majority owned affiliates, net of dividends 0 0 8 10 10 18 27 27 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income as adjusted $ 750 $1,102 $ 958 $ 677 $ 894 $ 726 $ 88 $ 634 =============================================================================================================== Ratio of earnings to fixed charges 3.19 4.69 5.99 4.64 6.12 4.80 (B) 4.53 =============================================================================================================== - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Six months ended June 30, 1998 1998 (C) - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income before income tax expense $ 338 $ 454 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Add: Interest costs 102 102 Estimated interest in rentals (A) 15 15 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fixed charges as defined 117 117 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interest costs capitalized (2) (2) Losses of less than majority owned affiliates, net of dividends 0 0 - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income as adjusted $ 453 $ 569 =============================================================================================================== Ratio of earnings to fixed charges 3.87 4.86 =============================================================================================================== (A) Represents the estimated interest portion of rents. (B) As a result of the loss incurred during this period, the Company's earnings did not cover the indicated fixed charges. The earnings required to attain a ratio of one-to-one are $52 million. (C) Included in this exhibit are supplemental presentations of the ratio of earnings to fixed charges which exclude the following significant unusual charges: 1998: $116 million in-process research and development charge. 1997: $352 million in-process research and development charge. 1995: $103 million restructuring charge, $96 million net litigation charge and $18 million in-process research and development charge. 1993: $216 million restructuring charge and $330 million net litigation charge.