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EXHIBIT 3.3
BY-LAWS
OF
IRIDIUM CAPITAL CORPORATION
ARTICLE I
Stockholders
Section 1.1. Annual Meetings. An annual meeting of
stockholders shall be held for the election of directors at such date, time and
place either within or without the State of Delaware as may be designated by
the Board of Directors from time to time. Any other proper business may be
transacted at the annual meeting.
Section 1.2. Special Meetings. Special meetings of
stockholders may be called at any time by the Chairman of the Board, if any,
the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, the President or the Board of
Directors, to be held at such date, time and place either within or without the
State of Delaware as may be stated in the notice of the meeting. A special
meeting of stockholders shall be called by the Secretary upon the written
request, stating the purpose of the meeting, of stockholders who together own
of record a majority of the outstanding shares of each class of stock entitled
to vote at such meeting.
Section 1.3. Notice of Meetings. Whenever stockholders are
required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, a written notice of the
meeting shall be given which shall state the place, date and hour of the
meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for
which the meeting is called. Unless otherwise provided by law, the written
notice of any meeting shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days
before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such
meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in
the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such
stockholder's address as it appears on the records of the Corporation.
Section 1.4. Adjournments. Any meeting of stockholders,
annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time, to reconvene at the same
or some other place, and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting
if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at
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which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting the Corporation may
transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting.
If the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a
new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned
meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the
meeting.
Section 1.5. Quorum. At each meeting of stockholders, except
where otherwise provided by law or the certificate of incorporation or these
by-laws, the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled
to vote on a matter at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy,
shall constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum of the holders of any
class of stock entitled to vote on a matter, the holders of such class so
present or represented may, by majority vote, adjourn the meeting of such class
from time to time in the manner provided by Section 1.4 of these by-laws until
a quorum of such class shall be so present or represented. Shares of its own
capital stock belonging on the record date for the meeting to the Corporation
or to another corporation, if a majority of the shares entitled to vote in the
election of directors of such other corporation is held, directly or
indirectly, by the Corporation, shall neither be entitled to vote nor be
counted for quorum purposes; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not
limit the right of the Corporation to vote stock, including but not limited to
its own stock, held by it in a fiduciary capacity.
Section 1.6. Organization. Meetings of stockholders shall be
presided over by the Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the absence of the
Chairman of the Board by the Vice Chairman of the Board, if any, or in the
absence of the Vice Chairman of the Board by the President, or in the absence
of the President by a Vice President, or in the absence of the foregoing
persons by a chairman designated by the Board of Directors, or in the absence
of such designation by a chairman chosen at the meeting. The Secretary, or in
the absence of the Secretary an Assistant Secretary, shall act as secretary of
the meeting, but in the absence of the Secretary and any Assistant Secretary
the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the
meeting.
Section 1.7. Voting; Proxies. Unless otherwise provided in
the certificate of incorporation, each stockholder entitled to vote at any
meeting of stockholders shall be entitled to one vote for each share of stock
held by such stockholder which has voting power upon the matter in question.
Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting
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of stockholders or to express consent or dissent to corporate action in writing
without a meeting may authorize another person or persons to act for such
stockholder by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after
three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period. A
duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable if it states that it is irrevocable
and if, and only as long as, it is coupled with an interest sufficient in law
to support an irrevocable power, regardless of whether the interest with which
it is coupled is an interest in the stock itself or an interest in the
Corporation generally. A stockholder may revoke any proxy which is not
irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by filing an
instrument in writing revoking the proxy or another duly executed proxy bearing
a later date with the Secretary of the Corporation. Voting at meetings of
stockholders need not be by written ballot and need not be conducted by
inspectors unless the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of all
classes of stock entitled to vote thereon present in person or represented by
proxy at such meeting shall so determine. Directors shall be elected by a
plurality of the votes of the shares present in person or represented by proxy
at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. In all other
matters, unless otherwise provided by law or by the certificate of
incorporation or these by-laws, the affirmative vote of the holders of a
majority of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting
and entitled to vote on the subject matter shall be the act of the
stockholders. Where a separate vote by class or classes is required, the
affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of such class or
classes present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting shall be the
act of such class or classes, except as otherwise provided by law or by the
certificate of incorporation or these by-laws.
Section 1.8. Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of
Record. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled
to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment
thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall
not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is
adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than
sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting. If no record
date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining
stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders
shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which
notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day
next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A
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determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a
meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting;
provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for
the adjourned meeting.
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders
entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board
of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the
date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board
of Directors, and which date shall not be more than ten days after the date
upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of
Directors. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the
record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate
action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of
Directors is required by law, shall be the first date on which a signed written
consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to
the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in the State of Delaware,
its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation
having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are
recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation's registered office shall be by
hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested. If no
record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the
Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for determining
stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a
meeting shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of
Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders
entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment
of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of
any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other
lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date
shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is
adopted, and which record date shall be not more than sixty days prior to such
action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining
stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day
on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
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Section 1.9. List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote. The
Secretary shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of
stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the
meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each
stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each
stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder,
for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a
period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the
city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the
notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting
is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place
of the meeting during the whole time thereof and may be inspected by any
stockholder who is present.
ARTICLE II
Board of Directors
Section 2.1. Powers; Number; Qualifications. The business
and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of
the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise provided by law or in the
certificate of incorporation. The Board of Directors shall consist of one or
more members, the number thereof to be determined from time to time by the
Board. Directors need not be stockholders.
Section 2.2. Election; Term of Office; Resignation; Removal;
Vacancies. Each director shall hold office until his or her successor is
elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. Any
director may resign at any time upon written notice to the Board of Directors
or to the President or the Secretary of the Corporation. Such resignation
shall take effect at the time specified therein, and unless otherwise specified
therein no acceptance of such resignation shall be necessary to make it
effective. Any director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed, with
or without cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then entitled to
vote at an election of directors. Unless otherwise provided in the certificate
of incorporation or these by-laws, vacancies and newly created directorships
resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors elected by
all of the stockholders having the right to vote as a single class or
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from any other cause may be filled by a majority of the directors then in
office, although less than a quorum, or by the sole remaining director. Any
director elected or appointed to fill a vacancy shall hold office until the
next annual meeting of the stockholders and his or her successor is elected and
qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal.
Section 2.3. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board
of Directors may be held at such places within or without the State of Delaware
and at such times as the Board may from time to time determine, and if so
determined notice thereof need not be given.
Section 2.4. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board
of Directors may be held at any time or place within or without the State of
Delaware whenever called by the Chairman of the Board, if any, by the Vice
Chairman of the Board, if any, by the President or by any two directors.
Reasonable notice thereof shall be given by the person or persons calling the
meeting.
Section 2.5. Participation in Meetings by Conference
Telephone Permitted. Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of
incorporation or these by-laws, members of the Board of Directors, or any
committee designated by the Board, may participate in a meeting of the Board or
of such committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or
similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in
the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to
this by-law shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
Section 2.6. Quorum; Vote Required for Action. At all
meetings of the Board of Directors one-third of the entire Board shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The vote of a majority of
the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the
act of the Board unless the certificate of incorporation or these by-laws shall
require a vote of a greater number. In case at any meeting of the Board a
quorum shall not be present, the members of the Board present may adjourn the
meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present.
Section 2.7. Organization. Meetings of the Board of
Directors shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board, if any, or in
the absence of the Chairman of the Board by the Vice Chairman of the Board, if
any, or in the absence of the Vice Chairman of the Board by the President, or
in their absence by a chairman chosen at the meeting.
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The Secretary, or in the absence of the Secretary an Assistant Secretary, shall
act as secretary of the meeting, but in the absence of the Secretary and any
Assistant Secretary the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act
as secretary of the meeting.
Section 2.8. Action by Directors Without a Meeting. Unless
otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these by-laws, any
action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of
Directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all
members of the Board or of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto
in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of
proceedings of the Board or committee.
Section 2.9. Compensation of Directors. Unless otherwise
restricted by the certificate of incorporation or these by-laws, the Board of
Directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of directors.
ARTICLE III
Committees
Section 3.1. Committees. The Board of Directors may
designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of
the directors of the Corporation. The Board may designate one or more
directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or
disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or
disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members thereof
present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not such
member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member
of the Board to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or
disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the
resolution of the Board of Directors or in these by-laws, shall have and may
exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the
management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, and may authorize
the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it;
but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to the
following matters: (i) approving or adopting, or recommending to the
stockholders, any action or matter expressly required by law to be submitted to
stockholders for approval, (ii) adopting, amending or repealing these By-Laws
or (iii) removing or indemnifying directors.
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Section 3.2. Committee Rules. Unless the Board of Directors
otherwise provides, each committee designated by the Board may adopt, amend and
repeal rules for the conduct of its business. In the absence of a provision by
the Board or a provision in the rules of such committee to the contrary, a
majority of the entire authorized number of members of such committee shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, the vote of a majority of
the members present at a meeting at the time of such vote if a quorum is then
present shall be the act of such committee, and in other respects each
committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board conducts
its business pursuant to Article II of these by-laws.
ARTICLE IV
Officers
Section 4.1. Officers; Election. As soon as practicable
after the annual meeting of stockholders in each year, the Board of Directors
shall elect a President and a Secretary, and it may, if it so determines, elect
from among its members a Chairman of the Board and a Vice Chairman of the
Board. The Board may also elect one or more Vice Presidents, one or more
Assistant Vice Presidents, one or more Assistant Secretaries, a Treasurer and
one or more Assistant Treasurers and such other officers as the Board may deem
desirable or appropriate and may give any of them such further designations or
alternate titles as it considers desirable. Any number of offices may be held
by the same person unless the certificate of incorporation or these by-laws
otherwise provide.
Section 4.2. Term of Office; Resignation; Removal; Vacancies.
Unless otherwise provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors electing
any officer, each officer shall hold office until his or her successor is
elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation or removal. Any
officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the Board or to the
President or the Secretary of the Corporation. Such resignation shall take
effect at the time specified therein, and unless otherwise specified therein no
acceptance of such resignation shall be necessary to make it effective. The
Board may remove any officer with or without cause at any time. Any such
removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights of such officer,
if any, with the Corporation, but the election of an officer shall not of
itself create contractual rights. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the
Corporation by
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death, resignation, removal or otherwise may be filled by the Board at any
regular or special meeting.
Section 4.3. Powers and Duties. The officers of the
Corporation shall have such powers and duties in the management of the
Corporation as shall be stated in these by-laws or in a resolution of the Board
of Directors which is not inconsistent with these by-laws and, to the extent
not so stated, as generally pertain to their respective offices, subject to the
control of the Board. The Secretary shall have the duty to record the
proceedings of the meetings of the stockholders, the Board of Directors and any
committees in a book to be kept for that purpose. The Board may require any
officer, agent or employee to give security for the faithful performance of his
or her duties.
ARTICLE V
Stock
Section 5.1. Certificates. Every holder of stock in the
Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by or in the name of
the Corporation by the Chairman or Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors, if
any, or the President or a Vice President, and by the Treasurer or an Assistant
Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, of the Corporation,
representing the number of shares of stock in the Corporation owned by such
holder. If such certificate is manually signed by one officer or manually
countersigned by a transfer agent or by a registrar, any other signature on the
certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or
registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a
certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar
before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the
same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at
the date of issue.
Section 5.2. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Stock Certificates;
Issuance of New Certificates. The Corporation may issue a new certificate of
stock in the place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have
been lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Corporation may require the owner of
the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner's legal
representative, to give the Corporation a
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bond sufficient to indemnify it against any claim that may be made against it
on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or
the issuance of such new certificate.
ARTICLE VI
Miscellaneous
Section 6.1. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation
shall be determined by the Board of Directors.
Section 6.2. Seal. The Corporation may have a corporate seal
which shall have the name of the Corporation inscribed thereon and shall be in
such form as may be approved from time to time by the Board of Directors. The
corporate seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed
or affixed or in any other manner reproduced.
Section 6.3. Waiver of Notice of Meetings of Stockholders,
Directors and Committees. Whenever notice is required to be given by law or
under any provision of the certificate of incorporation or these by-laws, a
written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to notice, whether before
or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice.
Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such
meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of
objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business
because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business
to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the
stockholders, directors or members of a committee of directors need be
specified in any written waiver of notice unless so required by the certificate
of incorporation or these by-laws.
Section 6.4. Indemnification of Directors, Officers and
Employees. The Corporation shall indemnify to the full extent permitted by law
any person made or threatened to be made a party to any action, suit or
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason
of the fact that such person or such person's testator or intestate is or was a
director, officer or employee of the Corporation or serves or served at the
request of the Corporation any other enterprise as a director, officer or
employee. Expenses, including attorneys' fees, incurred by any such person in
defending any such action, suit or proceeding shall be paid or
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reimbursed by the Corporation promptly upon receipt by it of an undertaking of
such person to repay such expenses if it shall ultimately be determined that
such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation. The rights
provided to any person by this by-law shall be enforceable against the
Corporation by such person who shall be presumed to have relied upon it in
serving or continuing to serve as a director, officer or employee as provided
above. No amendment of this by-law shall impair the rights of any person
arising at any time with respect to events occurring prior to such amendment.
For purposes of this by-law, the term "Corporation" shall include any
predecessor of the Corporation and any constituent corporation (including any
constituent of a constituent) absorbed by the Corporation in a consolidation or
merger; the term "other enterprise" shall include any corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust or employee benefit plan; service "at the request of the
Corporation" shall include service as a director, officer or employee of the
Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director,
officer or employee with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants
or beneficiaries; any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an
employee benefit plan shall be deemed to be indemnifiable expenses; and action
by a person with respect to an employee benefit plan which such person
reasonably believes to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries
of such plan shall be deemed to be action not opposed to the best interests of
the Corporation.
Section 6.5. Interested Directors; Quorum. No contract or
transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its directors or
officers, or between the Corporation and any other corporation, partnership,
association or other organization in which one or more of its directors or
officers are directors or officers, or have a financial interest, shall be void
or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the director or officer
is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or
committee thereof which authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely
because his or her or their votes are counted for such purpose, if: (1) the
material facts as to his or her relationship or interest and as to the contract
or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board or the committee, and
the Board or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by
the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though
the disinterested directors be less than a quorum; or (2) the material facts as
to his or her relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction
are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and
the contract or transaction is
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specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders; or (3) the
contract or transaction is fair as to the Corporation as of the time it is
authorized, approved or ratified, by the Board, a committee thereof or the
stockholders. Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the
presence of a quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee
which authorizes the contract or transaction.
Section 6.6. Form of Records. Any records maintained by the
Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger,
books of account and minute books, may be kept on, or be in the form of, punch
cards, magnetic tape, photographs, microphotographs or any other information
storage device, provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly
legible form within a reasonable time. The Corporation shall so convert any
records so kept upon the request of any person entitled to inspect the same.
Section 6.7. Amendment of By-Laws. These by-laws may be
amended or repealed, and new by-laws adopted, by the Board of Directors, but
the stockholders entitled to vote may adopt additional by-laws and may amend or
repeal any by-law whether or not adopted by them.
ADOPTED this 16th day of June, 1997
/s/ LEE ANN ANDERSON MCCALL
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Lee Ann Anderson McCall
Sole Incorporator
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