UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-Q (MARK ONE) [X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED JANUARY 31, 2002 OR [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. (EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER) DELAWARE 74-2846643 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) incorporation or organization) 8300 NORTH MOPAC EXPRESSWAY AUSTIN, TEXAS 78759 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) (512) 349-0300 (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Sections 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [ ] No As of March 1, 2002, Registrant had outstanding _________ shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share. CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES TABLE OF CONTENTS <Table> <Caption> PAGE ---- PART I FINANCIAL INFORMATION Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of October 31, 2001 and January 31, 2002................................................................................. 3 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002.................................................................. 4 Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002........................................................................ 5 Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements................................................ 6 Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations............................................................................ 11 Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.......................................... 27 PART II OTHER INFORMATION Item 1. Legal Proceedings.................................................................................. 28 Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds.......................................................... 29 Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.................................................................... 29 Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders................................................ 29 Item 5. Other Information.................................................................................. 29 Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K................................................................... 29 SIGNATURES................................................................................................... 30 </Table> 2 PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED) (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA) <Table> <Caption> OCTOBER 31, JANUARY 31, 2001 2002 ----------- ---------- ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents .................................................. $ 43,686 $ 27,202 Short-term investments ..................................................... 10,000 19,000 --------- --------- Total cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments ............... 53,686 46,202 Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $388 and $277, respectively ................................. 3,768 4,591 Inventories, net ........................................................... 3,080 3,279 Prepaids and other current assets .......................................... 1,894 1,845 --------- --------- Total current assets .................................................. 62,428 55,917 Notes receivable from related party, net ......................................... 244 191 Property and equipment, net ...................................................... 11,021 10,426 Intangibles, net ................................................................. 997 928 Other assets ..................................................................... 713 713 --------- --------- Total assets .......................................................... $ 75,403 $ 68,175 ========= ========= LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable ........................................................... $ 7,070 $ 5,796 Accrued expenses ........................................................... 2,744 1,532 Accrued warranty costs ..................................................... 597 719 Deferred revenue ........................................................... 746 705 --------- --------- Total current liabilities ............................................. 11,157 8,752 Stockholders' equity: Common stock, $.001 par value, 175,000,000 shares authorized, 27,542,664 and 27,661,529 shares issued and outstanding, respectively .... 28 28 Additional paid-in capital ................................................. 184,042 185,591 Deferred stock-based compensation .......................................... (3,914) (3,889) Notes receivable from stockholders ......................................... (118) (120) Accumulated deficit ........................................................ (115,535) (121,929) Treasury stock at cost (467,794 and 468,262 shares, respectively) .......... (257) (258) --------- --------- Total stockholders' equity ............................................ 64,246 59,423 --------- --------- Total liabilities and stockholders' equity ............................ $ 75,403 68,175 ========= ========= </Table> The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 3 CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED) (IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE DATA) <Table> <Caption> THREE MONTHS ENDED JANUARY 31, ----------------------------- 2001 2002 ------------ ------------ Revenue: Product revenue ...................................................... $ 9,824 $ 9,034 Other revenue ........................................................ 150 163 ------------ ------------ Total revenue ........................................... 9,974 9,197 Cost of revenue (including stock-based compensation expense of $39 and $24, respectively) ......................................... 4,876 5,876 ------------ ------------ Gross profit .............................................................. 5,098 3,321 ------------ ------------ Operating expenses: Sales and marketing (including stock-based compensation expense of $48 and $189, respectively) ............................. 4,068 2,310 Research and development (including stock-based compensation expense of $265 and $79, respectively) ................ 4,302 5,184 General and administrative (including stock-based compensation expense of $2,222 and $955, respectively) ............. 4,716 2,469 Amortization of intangibles .......................................... 3,596 70 ------------ ------------ Total operating expenses .......................................... 16,682 10,033 ------------ ------------ Loss from operations ...................................................... (11,584) (6,712) Other income, net ................................................. 974 318 ------------ ------------ Net loss before cumulative effect of accounting change .................... (10,610) (6,394) Cumulative effect of accounting change .................................... (130) -- ------------ ------------ Net loss .................................................................. $ (10,740) $ (6,394) ============ ============ Basic and diluted net loss per share: Before cumulative effect of accounting change ........................ $ (0.38) $ (0.23) Cumulative effect of accounting change ............................... (0.01) -- ------------ ------------ Basic and diluted net loss per share .............................. $ (0.39) $ (0.23) ============ ============ Shares used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share ........................................... 27,284,797 27,274,904 ============ ============ </Table> The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 4 CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED) (IN THOUSANDS) <Table> <Caption> THREE MONTHS ENDED JANUARY 31, ----------------------------- 2001 2002 ------------ ------------ Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss .................................................... $ (10,740) $ (6,394) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation ............................................... 1,154 1,711 Amortization of intangibles ................................ 3,596 70 Stock-based compensation ................................... 2,574 1,247 Provision for doubtful accounts receivable ................. 44 (111) Provision for excess and obsolete inventories .............. 90 (169) Changes in assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable ........................................ 438 (712) Inventories ................................................ (44) (30) Prepaids and other current assets .......................... 165 49 Accounts payable ........................................... 663 (1,274) Accrued expenses ........................................... (327) (1,212) Accrued warranty costs ..................................... 20 122 Deferred revenue ........................................... (325) (41) Other ...................................................... (6) 3 ------------ ------------ Net cash used in operating activities ...................... (2,698) (6,741) ------------ ------------ Cash flows from investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment .......................... (1,270) (1,116) Purchase of held-to-maturity investments .................... -- (9,000) Maturity of held-to-maturity investments .................... 7,591 -- Payment of note receivable from related party ............... 17 47 Other assets ................................................ (4) -- ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities ........ 6,334 (10,069) ------------ ------------ Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from issuance of common stock ...................... 330 326 Purchase of treasury stock .................................. (19) -- Other ....................................................... -- -- ------------ ------------ Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities ........ 311 326 ------------ ------------ Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents .......... 3,947 (16,484) Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period ................ 42,447 43,686 ------------ ------------ Cash and cash equivalents, end of period ...................... $ 46,394 $ 27,202 ============ ============ </Table> The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements. 5 CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Crossroads Systems, Inc. ("Crossroads" or the "Company") and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. Headquartered in Austin, Texas, Crossroads, a Delaware corporation, is the leading provider of enterprise data center routing solutions for open system storage area networks ("SANs") including S/390 connections. Crossroads sells its products and services primarily to leading storage system and server original equipment manufacturers, distributors, resellers, system integrators and storage service providers. The Company is organized and operates as one business segment. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring entries), which, in the opinion of our management, are necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods presented. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and regulations. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and related notes for the year ended October 31, 2001, included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for the three months ended January 31, 2002 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the full year. 2. INVENTORIES Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out method. Provisions, when required, are made to reduce excess and obsolete inventories to their estimated net realizable values. Inventories consist of the following (in thousands): <Table> <Caption> OCTOBER 31, JANUARY 31, 2001 2002 ------------ ------------ Raw materials .................................................. $ 3,692 $ 3,742 Work-in-process ................................................ -- 1 Finished goods ................................................. 1,168 1,147 ------------ ------------ 4,860 4,890 Less: Allowance for excess and obsolete inventory ....... (1,780) (1,611) ------------ ------------ $ 3,080 3,279 ============ ============ </Table> 3. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT The Company's property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally one to three years for equipment and five years for furniture and fixtures. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the related asset or the remaining life of the lease. Upon retirement or disposition of assets, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and the related gains or losses are reflected in operations. Property and equipment consist of the following (in thousands): <Table> <Caption> OCTOBER 31, JANUARY 31, 2001 2002 ------------ ------------ Equipment ....................................................... $ 17,509 $ 18,417 Furniture and fixtures .......................................... 1,878 1,878 Leasehold improvements .......................................... 906 906 ------------ ------------ 20,293 21,201 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization ...... (9,272) (10,775) ------------ ------------ $ 11,021 $ 10,426 ============ ============ </Table> 6 CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) 4. CONCENTRATIONS The Company's sales are primarily concentrated in the United States and are primarily derived from sales to original equipment manufacturers in the computer storage and server industry. The Company had trade accounts receivable from four customers, which comprised approximately 36% and 59% of total trade accounts receivable at October 31, 2001 and January 31, 2002, respectively. The Company performs credit evaluations of its customers and generally does not require collateral on accounts receivable balances and provides allowances for potential credit losses and product sales returns. The Company's products are concentrated in the storage area network industry that is highly competitive and subject to rapid technological change. The Company's supplier arrangement for the production of certain vital components of its storage routers is concentrated with a small number of key suppliers. Revenue is concentrated with several major customers. The loss of a major customer, a change of suppliers or significant technological change in the industry could affect operating results adversely. The percentage of sales to significant customers was as follows: <Table> <Caption> THREE MONTHS ENDED JANUARY 31, ------------------------ 2001 2002 ---------- --------- Customer A .............. 3% 3% Customer B .............. 15% 35% Customer C .............. 11% 0% Customer D .............. 17% 37% </Table> The level of sales to any customer may vary from quarter to quarter. However, we expect that significant customer concentration will continue for the foreseeable future. The loss of any one of these customers, or a decrease in the level of sales to any one of these customers, could have a material adverse impact on the Company's financial condition or results of operations. During April 2001, Advanced Digital Information Corporation ("ADIC"), Customer C above, transitioned out of the Company's router products upon consummation of its acquisition of Pathlight Technology, Inc. ("Pathlight"), which was subsequently completed on May 11, 2001. Sales to ADIC were approximately $1.1 million and $0 during the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively. In April 2001, we decided to write off inventory specifically related to ADIC resulting in a charge of approximately $47,000. 5. LINE OF CREDIT In January 2002, the Company extended its existing line of credit with its bank. The committed revolving line provides for an advance of up to $3.0 million with a borrowing base of 80% of eligible accounts receivable. The line of credit matures on February 1, 2003. As of January 31, 2002, there were no borrowings outstanding under this revolving line of credit. 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Legal Proceedings Intellectual Property Litigation On March 31, 2000, Crossroads filed a lawsuit against Chaparral Network Storage, Inc. ("Chaparral") alleging that Chaparral has infringed one of its patents (5,941,972, hereinafter "972 patent") with some of their products. In September 2001, the jury found that the `972 patent was valid and that all of Chaparral's RAID and router products that contained LUN Zoning had infringed all claims of the Crossroads `972 patent. The federal judge in this matter issued a permanent injunction against Chaparral from manufacturing any RAID or router product that contained LUN Zoning or access controls and assessed punitive damages. As a result, the Company was awarded damages with a royalty amount of 5% for Chaparral's router product line and 3% for their RAID product line. 7 CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) On April 14, 2000, Crossroads filed a lawsuit against Pathlight Technology, Inc. alleging that Pathlight has infringed one of its patents with their SAN Data Gateway Router. Pathlight was subsequently acquired by ADIC on May 11, 2001. In June 2001, ADIC paid the Company $15.0 million in connection with the settlement of this lawsuit, this payment was recognized as contra operating expense in the statement of operations for fiscal 2001. In connection with the settlement of the lawsuit, the Company granted ADIC a non-exclusive license under the related patent. On May 19, 2000, Chaparral filed a counter-suit against Crossroads alleging tortuous interference with prospective business relations. The Company moved to have this matter dismissed, which the judge ordered, with prejudice in April 2001. Securities Class Action Litigation The Company and several of its officers and directors were named as defendants in several class action lawsuits filed in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. The plaintiffs in the actions purport to represent purchasers of our common stock during various periods ranging from January 25, 2000 through August 24, 2000. The Court consolidated the actions and appointed a lead plaintiff under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The amended consolidated complaint was filed in February 2001 and the Company filed a motion to dismiss, which was denied. The plaintiffs are seeking unspecified amounts of compensatory damages, interests and costs, including legal fees. The Company denies the allegations in the complaint and intends to defend itself vigorously. The class action lawsuit is still at an early stage. Consequently, it is not possible at this time to predict whether the Company will incur any liability or to estimate the damages, or the range of damages, if any, that the Company might incur in connection with this lawsuit. The inability of the Company to prevail in this action could have a material adverse effect on the Company's future business, financial condition and results of operations. Derivative State Action On November 21, 2001, a derivative state action was filed in the 261st District Court of Travis County, Texas on behalf of Crossroads by James Robke and named several of its officers and directors as defendants. The derivative state action is based upon the same general set of facts and circumstances outlined above in connection with the purported securities class action litigation. The derivative state action alleges that certain of the individual defendants sold shares while in possession of material inside information in purported breach of their fiduciary duties to Crossroads. The derivative state action also alleges waste of corporate assets. The Company has not answered the derivative state action. The Company believes the allegations in the derivative state action are without merit and intends to defend itself vigorously. The derivative state action is still at an early stage. Consequently, it is not possible at this time to predict whether the Company will incur any liability or to estimate the damages, or the range of damages, if any, that the Company might incur in connection with this action. The inability of the Company to prevail in this action could have a material adverse effect on the Company's future business, financial condition and results of operations. Other If the Company reduces or cancels production orders with its third party contract manufacturer, the Company may be required to reimburse its contract manufacturer for materials purchased on its behalf. 7. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION In connection with the grant of certain stock options to our employees and directors, the Company recorded deferred compensation aggregating $20.6 million as of January 31, 2002, representing the difference between the deemed fair value of the common stock underlying these options and their exercise price at the date of grant. Such amount is presented as a reduction of stockholders' equity and is being amortized over the vesting period of the applicable individual options, generally four years. Deferred compensation expense is decreased in the period of forfeiture for any accrued but unvested compensation arising from the early termination of an option holder's services. Of the total deferred compensation amount, approximately $16.3 million has been amortized as of January 31, 2002. The Company allocates stock-based compensation to specific line items within the statement of operations based on the classification of the employees who received the benefit. 8 CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) Stock-based compensation for the periods indicated was allocated as follows (in thousands): <Table> <Caption> THREE MONTHS ENDED JANUARY 31, ---------------------------- 2001 2002 ------------ ------------ Cost of revenue ............................. $ 39 $ 24 Sales and marketing ......................... 48 189 Research and development .................... 265 79 General and administrative .................. 2,222 955 ------------ ------------ Total stock-based compensation ..... $ 2,574 $ 1,247 ============ ============ </Table> We expect to amortize the remaining amounts of deferred stock-based compensation as of January 31, 2002 in the periods indicated (in thousands): <Table> <Caption> YEAR ENDED OCTOBER 31, ------------------------------------------- 2002 2003 2004 TOTAL ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Cost of revenue ............................. $ 60 $ 21 $ -- $ 81 Sales and marketing ......................... 232 89 2 323 Research and development .................... 269 102 2 373 General and administrative .................. 1,924 1,090 98 3,112 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total stock-based compensation ......... $ 2,485 $ 1,302 $ 102 $ 3,889 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ </Table> 8. NET LOSS PER SHARE In accordance with SFAS No. 128, "Earnings Per Share," ("SFAS No. 128") basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, less shares subject to repurchase. Diluted earnings per share is computed by giving effect to all dilutive potential common shares that were outstanding during the period. Basic earnings per share excludes the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents such as stock options, while earnings per share, assuming dilution, includes such dilutive effects. Future weighted-average shares outstanding calculations will be impacted by the following factors: (i) the ongoing issuance of common stock associated with stock option exercises; (ii) the issuance of common shares associated with our employee stock purchase program; (iii) any fluctuations in our stock price, which could cause changes in the number of common stock equivalents included in the earnings per share, assuming dilution computation; and (iv) the issuance of common stock to effect business combinations should we enter into such transactions. The Company has excluded all outstanding stock options from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because all such securities are antidilutive for all periods presented. The total number of common stock equivalents excluded from the calculations of diluted net loss per common share were 5,029,341 and 5,889,571 for the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively. 9. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission staff released Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") No. 101, "Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements," which provides guidance on the recognition, presentation and disclosure of revenue in financial statements. SAB No. 101 is effective for all fiscal quarters of fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1999. Effective November 1, 2000, the Company adopted SAB No. 101. The adoption of SAB No. 101 resulted in a change in method of revenue recognition for certain product shipments due to the specified shipping terms for these shipments. The cumulative effect of this accounting change was approximately $130,000, which has been included in net loss for the three months ended January 31, 2001. Prior period financial statements have not been restated to apply SAB No. 101 retroactively. In June 2001, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 141, "Business Combinations," which requires that all business combinations be accounted for under the purchase method and defines the criteria for identifying intangible assets for recognition apart from goodwill. SFAS No. 141 applies to business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 and all business combinations accounted for using the purchase method for which the acquisition date is July 1, 2001 or later. The Company has not initiated any business combinations subsequent to June 30, 2001; therefore, the adoption of SFAS No. 141 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations. 9 CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED) In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," which changes how goodwill and other intangible assets are accounted for subsequent to their initial recognition. Under this standard, goodwill and other intangibles assets having indefinite useful lives are no longer amortized, but are subjected to periodic assessments of impairment. SFAS No. 142 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. Effective November 1, 2001, the Company early adopted SFAS No. 142. The Company currently does not have any goodwill; therefore, the adoption of SFAS No. 142 did not have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations. In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, "Impairment of long-lived Assets," which supercedes SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of long-lived Assets and for long-lived Assets to be disposed of". SFAS No. 144 retains the requirements of SFAS No. 121 to (a) recognize an impairment loss if the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows and (b) measure an impairment loss as the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset. SFAS No. 144 removes goodwill from its scope. SFAS No. 144 is applicable to financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001, or for the Company's fiscal year ended October 31, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 144 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations. 10. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Notes Receivable During May 1999, the Company's board of directors approved the acceptance of full recourse notes in the amount of approximately $442,000 from certain of the Company's officers as consideration for the exercise of 1,014,999 options. The notes accrue interest at 7% per year, compounded semi-annually and principal and accrued interest is due in one lump sum in 2003. In March 2000, the Company repurchased 232,500 unvested shares for approximately $123,000 and subsequently collected $114,000 in principal and interest upon the retirement of the Company's former president and chief operating officer. In June 2000, the Company repurchased 88,125 unvested shares for approximately $52,000 and collected approximately $59,000 in principal and interest upon the retirement of the Company's former vice-president of sales. In January 2001, the Company repurchased 13,594 unvested shares for approximately $9,000 and collected approximately $16,000 in principal and interest upon the retirement of the Company's former vice-president of engineering. The balance of these full recourse notes was approximately $120,000 as of January 31, 2002. In October 1999, the Company loaned an officer of the Company $100,000 for personal reasons, not equity related, in exchange for a full recourse promissory note due in full, with accrued interest, in 6 years or upon the date in which the officer ceases to remain in service. The note accrues interest at 7% per year, compounded annually and principal and accrued interest is due in one lump sum on December 31, 2006. The balance on this note was approximately $116,000 as of January 31, 2002. In July 2000, the Company loaned an employee of the Company $50,000 for personal reasons, not equity related, in exchange for a full recourse promissory note due in full, with accrued interest, in 2 years or upon the date in which the employee ceases to remain in service. The note accrues interest at 10.5% per year, compounded semi-annually and principal and accrued interest is due in one lump sum on July 1, 2002. The balance on this note was approximately $59,000 as of January 31, 2002. In April 2001, the Company loaned an officer of the Company $45,000 for personal reasons, not equity related, in exchange for a full recourse promissory note due in full, with accrued interest, in 6 months or upon the date in which the officer ceases to remain in service. The note accrues interest at 7.5% per year, compounded semi-annually and principal and accrued interest is due in one lump sum on October 16, 2001. During the three months ended January 31, 2002, the Company collected the balance of approximately $47,000 due under this note. In May 2001, the Company loaned an employee of the Company $25,000 for personal reasons, not equity related, in exchange for a full recourse promissory note due in full, with accrued interest, in 18 months or upon the date in which the employee ceases to remain in service. The note accrues interest at 7.5% per year, compounded semi-annually and principal and accrued interest is due in one lump sum on November 14, 2002. The balance on this note was approximately $16,000 as of January 31, 2002. 10 ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS. This report contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, that involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements concerning: growth and future operating results; developments in our markets and strategic focus; new products and product enhancements; potential acquisitions and the integration of acquired businesses, products and technologies; strategic relationships; and future economic, business and regulatory conditions. Such forward-looking statements are generally accompanied by words such as "plan," "estimate," "expect," "believe," "should," "would," "could," "anticipate," "may" or other words that convey uncertainty of future events or outcomes. These forward-looking statements and other statements made elsewhere in this report are made in reliance on the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. OVERVIEW We are the leading provider of enterprise data routing solutions for open system storage area networks, based on our market share of storage routers shipped. By using our storage routers to serve as the interconnect between storage area networks, or SANs, and the other devices in a computer network, organizations are able to more effectively and efficiently store, manage and ensure the integrity and availability of their data. Specifically, when used in storage area networks our storage routers decrease congestion in the transfer of data within a network, reduce the time required to back up data, improve utilization of storage resources, and preserve and enhance existing server and storage system investments. Our mission is to be the company customers trust to link business with information regardless of technology or location. Our objective is to maintain our position as the leading provider of storage routing solutions as storage, server, and network technologies and markets continue to grow and evolve. The key elements of our strategy are to 1) be a customer centric, market driven company, 2) to leverage our market position and core competencies to expand and diversify our product offerings and 3) to maintain our market leadership by continuing to invest in intellectual property and interoperability. We have developed or acquired extensive expertise in several different input-output (I/O) and networking protocols, including small computer system interface (SCSI), Fibre Channel, Enterprise Systems Connection (ESCON), Ethernet, Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP), Internet-based SCSI protocol (iSCSI) and InfiniBand. We provide our products in a variety of configurations including both stand-alone box and library-embedded router form factors with varying port counts. We have applied our expertise in these protocols to develop solutions for leading server and storage system providers such as ACAL, ADIC, ATL, Bell Micro, Compaq, Cranel, Datalink, Dell, Fujitsu-Siemens, Groupe Bull, Hewlett-Packard, Hitachi Data Systems, IBM, McDATA, sanrise, StorageTek, Sun Microsystems, Tech Data and Unisys which enable customers to connect to the information that they require to run their businesses, regardless of the technology or location. In August 2001, we announced that we had re-engaged Compaq as a customer, which had decided to introduce a competitive product in fiscal 2000. Under the new agreement, Crossroads and Compaq will develop a range of solutions for protecting data in networked storage environments with first shipments scheduled in April 2002. In August 2001, we expanded our product line with the launch of our fourth generation product line -- the Crossroads 8000 storage router and management software. The 8000 is the first in a new line of multi-protocol enabled routers designed to connect storage devices into Fibre Channel and iSCSI storage networks, and InfiniBand fabrics. One element of the 8000 is the Crossroads Visual Manager software. This software increases the intelligence in the SAN and reduces the cost of storage management. In January 2002, we expanded our product line with the launch of our fifth generation product line -- the Crossroads 10000 enterprise storage router. The 10000 is a fully redundant, modular storage router that performs protocol and storage management functions between storage devices and the network. It will provide multi-protocol connectivity and management of SCSI and Fibre Channel storage devices into Fibre Channel, iSCSI and InfiniBand storage networks. During fiscal 2001, we succeeded in two important lawsuits that demonstrated our ability to protect important aspects of our intellectual property portfolio. In June, Pathlight Technology, a wholly owned subsidiary of Advanced Digital Information Corp., admitted both the validity and infringement of one of our patents (5,941,972, hereinafter "`972 patent") in a $15 million settlement. In September, a jury and judge validated that same patent against Chaparral Network Storage Corporation, while extending the patent's application to all RAID and router products using Access Controls or LUN zoning, awarding us damages and punitive damages. 11 To date, we have sold our products primarily to original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, of servers and storage systems. These computer equipment manufacturers sell our storage routers to end-user organizations for use in their storage area networks. We also sell our storage routers through companies that distribute, resell or integrate our storage routers as part of a complete SAN solution. A few OEM customers historically have accounted for a substantial portion of our revenue. During fiscal 2001, sales to Hewlett Packard accounted for 17% of our total revenue and sales to StorageTek accounted for 15%. During the three months ended January 31, 2002, sales to Hewlett Packard and StorageTek respectively accounted for 37% and 35% of our total revenue. In the past, we have experienced fluctuation in the timing of orders from our OEM customers, and we expect to continue to experience these fluctuations in the future. During April 2001, ADIC transitioned out of our router products upon consummation of its acquisition of Pathlight Technology, Inc., which was subsequently completed on May 11, 2001. In April 2001, we decided to write off inventory specifically related to ADIC resulting in a charge of approximately $47,000. Other fluctuations have resulted from, among other things, OEM customers placing initial orders for our products for purposes of qualification and testing. As a result, we may report an increase in sales or a commencement of sales of a product in a quarter that will not be followed by similar sales in subsequent quarters as OEMs conduct qualification and testing. We expect to continue to experience significant customer concentration in sales to key OEM accounts for the foreseeable future. With respect to sales of our products to OEMs, we recognize product revenue when products are shipped and risk of loss has passed to the OEM. Product sales to distributors, resellers and system integrators who do not have return rights are recognized at the time of shipment. To the extent that we sell products to distributors, resellers and system integrators that have rights of return, we defer revenue and the related cost of revenue associated with such sales and recognize these amounts when that customer sells our products to its customers. At January 31, 2002, our deferred revenue totaled approximately $705,000. We provide a repair or replace warranty of between 15 and 39 months following the sale of our products, and we provide a reserve for warranty costs when the related product revenue is recognized. In March 2000, we consummated our acquisition of Polaris Communications, Inc. Polaris was a leading developer and marketer of System 390, or S/390, mainframe communication interfaces and systems delivering increased connectivity and bandwidth options to enterprise data centers, focusing on high-speed connections between open-systems and mainframes. During the third quarter of fiscal 2001, in response to deteriorating macroeconomic conditions and the resulting decline in demand and product revenue, we reassessed our product strategy, initiated a market sizing exercise on our core business and examined our expense structure in an attempt to realign our business plan to achieve profitability. The strategic review triggered a reduction in force and an impairment evaluation of the intangible assets related to the Polaris acquisition because of indications that the carrying amounts might not be recoverable based on the expected undiscounted cash flows from the Polaris business unit. Based on a valuation prepared by an independent third-party appraisal company, we recorded a write-down of these intangible assets totaling $25.0 million. In connection with the grant of stock options to our employees and directors, we recorded deferred compensation aggregating approximately $20.6 million as of January 31, 2002. Deferred compensation represents, for accounting purposes, the difference between the deemed fair value of the common stock underlying these options and their exercise price on the date of grant. The difference has been recorded as deferred stock-based compensation and is being amortized over the vesting period of the applicable options, typically four years. Of the total deferred compensation amount, approximately $16.3 million has been amortized as of January 31, 2002. Stock-based compensation for the periods indicated was allocated as follows (in thousands): <Table> <Caption> THREE MONTHS ENDED JANUARY 31, ---------------------------- 2001 2002 ------------ ------------ Cost of revenue .......................... $ 39 $ 24 Sales and marketing ...................... 48 189 Research and development ................. 265 79 General and administrative ............... 2,222 955 ------------ ------------ Total stock-based compensation .... $ 2,574 $ 1,247 ============ ============ </Table> 12 We expect to amortize the remaining amounts of deferred stock-based compensation as of January 31, 2002 in the periods indicated (in thousands): <Table> <Caption> YEAR ENDED OCTOBER 31, -------------------------------------------- 2002 2003 2004 TOTAL ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Cost of revenue ............................. $ 60 $ 21 $ -- $ 81 Sales and marketing ......................... 232 89 2 323 Research and development .................... 269 102 2 373 General and administrative .................. 1,924 1,090 98 3,112 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total stock-based compensation ...... $ 2,485 $ 1,302 $ 102 $ 3,889 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ </Table> In fiscal 2000, we purchased shares of Series A preferred stock of Banderacom Corporation (formerly known as INH Semiconductor Corporation) for $99,999. In fiscal 2001, we purchased shares of Series B preferred stock of Banderacom Corporation for $192,000. Banderacom is a fabless semiconductor company focused on supplying InfiniBand semiconductor devices used to increase the bandwidth, scalability, and reliability, of computer, networking, storage, and server system products. We have eight patents issued, two allowed and nineteen patent applications pending in the United States Patent and Trademark Office with respect to our technology. We have thirty-five pending international patent applications (nine in the European Patent Office, nine in Canada, seven in Japan, five in Australia, two in Hong Kong, two in Indonesia and one in China). We also have ten international patent applications pending under the Patent Cooperation Treaty. However, none of our patents, including patents that may be issued in the future, may adequately protect our technology from infringement or prevent others from claiming that our technology infringes that of third parties. Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property could materially harm our business. In addition, our competitors may independently develop similar or superior technology. We have incurred significant operating losses in every fiscal quarter and annual period since November 1, 1995 and our accumulated deficit was $121.9 million at January 31, 2002. As of January 31, 2002, we had approximately $60.3 million of federal net operating loss carryforwards. These net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2011. We have not recognized any benefit from the future use of loss carryforwards for these periods or for any other periods since inception due to uncertainties regarding the realization of deferred tax assets based on our taxable earnings history. Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986, the amount of and the benefit from net operating losses that can be carried forward may be impaired in certain circumstances. Events that may cause changes in the Company's tax carryovers include, but are not limited to, a cumulative ownership change of more than 50% over a three-year period. 13 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following table sets forth our consolidated financial data for the periods indicated expressed as a percentage of our total revenue, including the aforementioned allocation of stock-based compensation, for all periods presented. See Item 1, Financial Statements (Unaudited) - Note 7 to Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. <Table> <Caption> THREE MONTHS ENDED JANUARY 31, ------------------------------ 2001 2002 ------------ ------------ Revenue: Product revenue .......................... 98.5% 98.2% Other revenue ............................ 1.5 1.8 ------------ ------------ Total revenue ......................... 100.0 100.0 Cost of revenue ............................. 48.9 63.9 ------------ ------------ Gross profit ................................ 51.1 36.1 Operating expenses: Sales and marketing ...................... 40.8 25.1 Research and development ................. 43.1 56.4 General and administrative ............... 47.3 26.8 Amortization of intangibles .............. 36.1 0.8 ------------ ------------ Total operating expenses .............. 167.3 109.1 ------------ ------------ Loss from operations ........................ (116.2) (73.0) Other income, net ........................... 9.8 3.5 ------------ ------------ Net loss before cumulative effect of accounting change ........................ (106.4) (69.5) Cumulative effect of accounting change ...... (1.3) -- ------------ ------------ Net loss .................................... (107.7)% (69.5)% ============ ============ </Table> COMPARISON OF THREE MONTHS ENDED JANUARY 31, 2001 AND 2002 Total revenue. Total revenue decreased 7.8% from $10.0 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to $9.2 million for the three months ended January 31, 2002. Product revenue. Product revenue decreased 8.0% from $9.8 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to $9.0 million for the three months ended January 31, 2002. This decrease in product revenue was primarily related to an initial stocking order of approximately $1.3 million from a new OEM relationship with Sun Microsystems during the three months ended January 31, 2001. As a percentage of total revenue, product revenue decreased from 98.5% for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to 98.2% for the three months ended January 31, 2002. A significant portion of our product revenue is generated from sales of the Crossroads 4x50 line of high-performance intelligent routers that enable companies to realize the benefits of managing their mission critical data using applications such as server-free backup and LAN-free backup while protecting the investments made in their current enterprise systems. Sales of our 4x50 product accounted for approximately 50% and 46% of our product revenue during the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively. As storage networking continues to mature as an industry, we have seen a trend towards simplification of networking components and management. The impact of this trend on our business has been the push for, and subsequent ramp of embedded routers being shipped with tape libraries. Sales of our embedded products accounted for approximately 0% and 36% of our product revenue during the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively. Other revenue. Other revenue includes sales of licenses for maintenance, consulting fees and fees received from the licensing of other intellectual property. Other revenue increased 8.9% from approximately $150,000 for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to approximately $163,000 for the three months ended January 31, 2002. During the three months ended January 31, 2002, we recognized approximately $87,000 of technical service and support revenue, $40,000 of royalties and approximately $20,000 in other revenue associated with granting a license to use certain technology acquired from Polaris. Cost of revenue and gross profit. Cost of revenue consists primarily of contract manufacturing costs, materials costs, manufacturing overhead, warranty costs and stock-based compensation. Cost of revenue, net of stock-based compensation of $39,000 and $24,000 during the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively, increased 21.0% from $4.8 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to $5.9 million for the three months ended January 31, 2002. Gross profit, net of stock-based 14 compensation, decreased 34.9% from $5.1 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to $3.3 million for the three months ended January 31, 2002. Gross profit margin, net of stock-based compensation, decreased from 51.5% for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to 36.4% for the three months ended January 31, 2002. This decrease in gross margin was primarily due to a lower margin product mix resulting from the shift to our embedded routers during fiscal 2001. These embedded routers are lower cost than the stand-alone box routers and this lower cost is passed on to our OEM customers. The decrease was also due to lower margin OEM product sales and product mix. Sales and marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries, commissions and other personnel-related costs, travel expenses, advertising programs, other promotional activities and stock-based compensation. Sales and marketing expenses, net of stock-based compensation of $48,000 and $189,000 during the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively, decreased 47.3% from $4.0 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to $2.1 million for the three months ended January 31, 2002. This decrease in sales and marketing expenses for the three months ended January 31, 2002 was primarily due to the reduction in sales and marketing personnel resulting in approximately $885,000 of decreased compensation expense and approximately $225,000 of decreased travel and entertainment expenses. Sales and marketing personnel totaled 64 at January 31, 2001 and 23 at January 31, 2002. In addition, this decrease was also attributable to decreased tradeshow expenses of approximately $105,000, decreased depreciation and corporate overhead allocations of approximately $260,000, decreased advertising and marketing communication expenses of approximately $90,000 and decreased consulting fees of approximately $97,000. As a percentage of total revenue, sales and marketing expenses decreased from 40.8% for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to 25.1% for the three months ended January 31, 2002. We anticipate that sales and marketing expenses may fluctuate as a percentage of total revenue, due to our ongoing sales and marketing efforts that is intended to broaden awareness of the benefits of our products. Research and development. Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and other personnel-related costs, product development, prototyping expenses and stock-based compensation. Research and development expenses, net of stock-based compensation of $265,000 and $79,000 during the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively, increased 26.5% from $4.0 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to $5.1 million for the three months ended January 31, 2002. This increase in research and development expenses was primarily due to the hiring of additional research and development personnel resulting in approximately $305,000 of increased compensation expense, increased prototyping costs of approximately $238,000 related to the ongoing development of an expanded product line and approximately $207,000 of increased depreciation expense. Research and development personnel totaled 70 at January 31, 2001 and 93 at January 31, 2002. As a percentage of total revenue, research and development expenses increased from 43.1% for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to 56.4% for the three months ended January 31, 2002. We anticipate that research and development expenses may fluctuate as a percentage of total revenue, due to our ongoing research and development in developing our technologies and expanding our product offerings. General and administrative. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and other personnel-related costs, facilities and other costs of our administrative and executive departments, as well as legal and accounting expenses, insurance costs and stock-based compensation. General and administrative expenses, net of stock-based compensation of $2.2 million and $1.0 million during the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively, decreased 39.3% from $2.5 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to $1.5 million for the three months ended January 31, 2002. This decrease in general and administrative expenses was primarily due to the reduction of administrative personnel resulting in approximately $235,000 of decreased compensation expense, decreased legal costs associated with patent infringement lawsuits of approximately $452,000 and decreased property taxes of approximately $136,000. General and administrative personnel totaled 37 at January 31, 2001 and 30 at January 31, 2002. As a percentage of total revenue, general and administrative expenses decreased from 47.3% for the three months ended January 31, 2001 to 26.8% for the three months ended January 31, 2002. OTHER INCOME, NET Other income, net consists primarily of interest income on short-term investments partially offset by interest expense. Other income, net was approximately $974,000 and $318,000 for the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively, representing 9.8% and 3.5% of total revenue, respectively. The decrease in other income, net was primarily due to decreased interest income on short-term investments resulting from weakening macro-economic conditions and, thus, lower yields on our investments. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Our principal sources of liquidity at January 31, 2002 consisted of $27.2 million in cash and cash equivalents and $19.0 million in short-term investments. 15 In February 2000, we entered into a $1.0 million letter of credit in connection with the lease requirements of our new facility. In January 2002, we extended our existing line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank. The committed revolving line is an advance of up to $3.0 million with a borrowing base of 80% of eligible accounts receivable. The line of credit matures on February 1, 2003. The line of credit contains provisions that prohibit the payment of cash dividends and require the maintenance of specified levels of tangible net worth and certain financial performance covenants measured on a monthly basis. As of January 31, 2002, there were no borrowings outstanding under the revolving line of credit and no term loans outstanding. As of January 31, 2002, we did not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes. As such, we are not exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we had engaged in such relationships. Cash utilized by operating activities was $2.7 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 as compared to $6.7 million for the three months ended January 31, 2002. The increase in net cash utilized reflects increases in accounts receivable and decreases in accounts payable and accrued expenses of approximately $4.0 million. Cash provided by investing activities was $6.3 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 as compared to $10.1 million utilized by investing activities for the three months ended January 31, 2002. The increase in net cash utilized reflects the purchase of held-to-maturity investments of $9.0 million during the three months ended January 31, 2002 compared to the maturity of held-to-maturity investments of approximately $7.6 million during the three months ended January 31, 2001. Capital expenditures were $1.3 million and $1.1 million for the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively. These expenditures reflect our investments in computer equipment and software, test equipment, software development tools and leasehold improvements, all of which were required to support our continued research and development efforts. We anticipate additional capital expenditures through fiscal 2002 of at least $3.3 million. Cash provided by financing activities was approximately $311,000 for the three months ended January 31, 2001 as compared to approximately $326,000 for the three months ended January 31, 2002. We have funded our operations to date primarily through sales of preferred stock and our initial public offering, resulting in aggregate gross proceeds to us of $98.2 million (which amount includes the $12.0 million of proceeds received from the private placement of our Series E preferred stock in August 1999), product sales and, to a lesser extent, bank debt (equipment loan). We believe our existing cash balances and our credit facilities will be sufficient to meet our capital requirements beyond the next 12 months. However, we could be required or could elect to seek additional funding prior to that time. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including the rate of revenue growth, the timing and extent of spending to support product development efforts, the timing of introductions of new products and enhancements to existing products, and market acceptance of our products. On March 21, 2000, we consummated our acquisition of Polaris Communications, Inc., and we may enter into additional acquisitions or strategic arrangements in the future that also could require us to seek additional equity or debt financing. We cannot assure you that additional equity or debt financing, if required, will be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. STOCK REPURCHASE PROGRAM In September 2001, our board of directors authorized the repurchase of up to $5.0 million of our common stock in the open market. Through January 31, 2002, we repurchased 472,300 shares of our common stock bringing total cash outlay to date to approximately $1.4 million. The timing and size of any future stock repurchases are subject to market conditions, stock prices, cash position and other cash requirements. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES Management's discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to customer programs and incentives, product returns, bad debts, inventories, intangible assets, warranty obligations, restructuring and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the 16 basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Our critical accounting policies are as follows: o Revenue recognition o Warranty obligations o Excess and obsolete inventories Revenue recognition. With respect to sales of our products to OEMs, we recognize product revenue when products are shipped and risk of loss has passed to the OEM. Product sales to distributors, resellers and system integrators who do not have return rights are recognized at the time of shipment. To the extent that we sell products to distributors, resellers and system integrators that have rights of return, we defer revenue and the related cost of revenue associated with such sales and recognize these amounts when that customer sells our products to its customers. Deferred revenues as of January 31, 2002 were approximately $705,000. As described above, management judgments and estimates must be made and used in connection with the revenue recognized in any accounting period. Material differences may result in the amount and timing of our revenue for any period if our management made different judgments or utilized different estimates. Warranty obligations. Crossroads provides for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. These estimates are developed based on historical information. While we engage in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of our component suppliers, our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, material usage and service delivery costs incurred in correcting a product failure. Should actual product failure rates, material usage or service delivery costs differ from management's estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty liability would be required. Excess and obsolete inventories. Crossroads writes down its inventories for estimated obsolescence or unmarketable inventory based on the difference between the cost of inventories and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual demand and/or market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In December 1999, the Securities and Exchange Commission staff released Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") No. 101, "Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements," which provides guidance on the recognition, presentation and disclosure of revenue in financial statements. SAB No. 101 is effective for all fiscal quarters of fiscal years beginning after December 15, 1999. Effective November 1, 2000, we adopted SAB No. 101. The adoption of SAB No. 101 resulted in a change in method of revenue recognition for certain product shipments due to the specified shipping terms for these shipments. The cumulative effect of this accounting change was approximately $130,000, which has been included in net loss for the three months ended January 31, 2001. Prior period financial statements have not been restated to apply SAB No. 101 retroactively. In June 2001, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 141, "Business Combinations," which requires that all business combinations be accounted for under the purchase method and defines the criteria for identifying intangible assets for recognition apart from goodwill. SFAS No. 141 applies to business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001 and all business combinations accounted for using the purchase method for which the acquisition date is July 1, 2001 or later. We have not initiated any business combinations subsequent to June 30, 2001; therefore, the adoption of SFAS No. 141 did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations. In June 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," which changes how goodwill and other intangible assets are accounted for subsequent to their initial recognition. Under this standard, goodwill and other intangibles assets having indefinite useful lives are no longer amortized, but are subjected to periodic assessments of impairment. SFAS No. 142 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001. Effective November 1, 2001, we early adopted SFAS No. 142. We currently do not have any goodwill; therefore, the adoption of SFAS No. 142 did not have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations. In October 2001, the FASB issued SFAS No. 144, "Impairment of long-lived Assets," which supercedes SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of long-lived Assets and for long-lived Assets to be disposed of". SFAS No. 144 retains the 17 requirements of SFAS No. 121 to (a) recognize an impairment loss only if the carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows and (b) measure an impairment loss as the difference between the carrying amount and the fair value of the asset. SFAS No. 144 removes goodwill from its scope. SFAS No. 144 is applicable to financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001, or for our fiscal year ended October 31, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 144 is not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations. 18 FACTORS THAT MAY AFFECT FUTURE RESULTS In addition to the other information in this Form 10-Q, the following factors should be considered in evaluating Crossroads and our business. These factors include, but are not limited to the potential for significant losses to continue; our inability to accurately predict revenue and budget for expenses for future periods; fluctuations in revenue and operating results; class action securities litigation; overall market performance; limited product lines; limited number of OEM customers; lengthy OEM product qualification process; competition; delays in research and development; inventory risks; the loss of our primary contract manufacturers; risks of delay or poor execution from a variety of sources; inventory risks; limited resources; pricing; dependence upon key personnel; product liability claims; the inability to protect our intellectual property rights; concentration of ownership; volatility of stock price; and the impact on our results or operations due to changes in accounting standards, including the implementation of SAB NO. 101 with respect to revenue recognition. The discussion below addresses some of these factors. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of or that we currently deem immaterial also may become important factors that affect us. WE HAVE INCURRED SIGNIFICANT LOSSES, WE EXPECT FUTURE LOSSES, AND WE MAY NEVER BECOME PROFITABLE. We have incurred significant losses in every fiscal quarter since fiscal 1996 and expect to continue to incur losses in the future. As of January 31, 2002, we had an accumulated deficit of $121.9 million. We cannot be certain that we will be able to sustain growth rates that we will need to realize sufficient revenue to achieve profitability. We also expect to incur significant sales and marketing, research and development and general and administrative expenses and, as a result, we expect to continue to incur losses. Our inability to realize the benefit of the new agreement with Compaq Computer Corporation and the uncertainty regarding the relationship with Compaq if its acquisition by Hewlett-Packard is consummated may result in less than expected revenue which could affect our ability to ever achieve profitability. Moreover, even if we do achieve profitability, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability. DUE TO OUR LIMITED OPERATING HISTORY AND THE UNCERTAIN AND SHIFTING DEVELOPMENT OF THE STORAGE AREA NETWORK MARKET, WE MAY HAVE DIFFICULTY ACCURATELY PREDICTING REVENUE FOR FUTURE PERIODS AND APPROPRIATELY BUDGETING FOR EXPENSES. We have generated product revenue for approximately five years and, thus, we have only a limited history from which to predict future revenue. This limited operating experience, combined with the rapidly evolving nature of the storage area network market in which we sell our products and other factors that are beyond our control, reduces our ability to accurately forecast our quarterly and annual revenue. However, we use our forecasted revenue to establish our expense budget. Most of our expenses are fixed in the short term or incurred in advance of anticipated revenue. As a result, we may not be able to decrease our expenses in a timely manner to offset any shortfall of revenue. WE HAVE EXPERIENCED AND EXPECT TO CONTINUE TO EXPERIENCE SIGNIFICANT PERIOD-TO-PERIOD FLUCTUATIONS IN OUR REVENUE AND OPERATING RESULTS, WHICH MAY RESULT IN VOLATILITY IN OUR STOCK PRICE. We have experienced and expect to continue to experience significant period-to-period fluctuations in our revenue and operating results due to a number of factors, and any such variations and factors may cause our stock price to fluctuate. Accordingly, you should not rely on the results of any past quarterly or annual periods as an indication of our future performance. It is likely that in some future period our operating results will be below the expectations of public market analysts or investors. If this occurs, our stock price may drop, perhaps significantly. A number of factors may particularly contribute to fluctuations in our revenue and operating results, including: o the timing of orders from, and product integration by, our customers, particularly our OEMs, and the tendency of these customers to change their order requirements frequently with little or no advance notice to us; o the rate of adoption of storage area networks as an alternative to existing data storage and management systems; o the ongoing need for storage routing products in storage area network architectures; 19 o the deferrals of customer orders in anticipation of new products, services or product enhancements from us or our competitors or from other providers of storage area network products; and o the rate at which new markets emerges for products we are currently developing. In addition, potential and existing OEM customers often place initial orders for our products for purposes of qualification and testing. As a result, we may report an increase in sales or a commencement of sales of a product in a quarter that will not be followed by similar sales in subsequent quarters as OEMs conduct qualification and testing. This order pattern has in the past and could in the future lead to fluctuations in quarterly revenue and gross profits. AN ADVERSE DECISION IN THE VARIOUS SECURITIES CLASS ACTION AND DERIVATIVE LAWSUITS FILED AGAINST US MAY HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE EFFECT ON OUR BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE. We and several of our officers and directors were named as defendants in several class action lawsuits filed in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. The plaintiffs in the actions purport to represent purchasers of our common stock during various periods ranging from January 25, 2000 through August 24, 2000. The Court consolidated the actions and appointed a lead plaintiff under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The amended consolidated complaint was filed in February 2001 and we filed a motion to dismiss, which was denied. The litigation is at an early stage and it is not possible at this time to predict whether we will incur any liability or to estimate the damages, or the range of damages, that we might incur in connection with such actions. An adverse judgment may have a material adverse effect on our business and financial performance. See Note 6 to Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. On November 21, 2001, a derivative state action was filed in the 261st District Court of Travis County, Texas on behalf of Crossroads by James Robke and named several of our officers and directors as defendants. The securities litigation is based upon the same general set of facts and circumstances outlined above in connection with the purported shareholder class actions. The derivative state action alleges that certain of the individual defendants sold shares while in possession of material inside information in purported breach of their fiduciary duties to Crossroads. The derivative state action also alleges waste of corporate assets. We have not answered the derivative state action. We believe the allegations in the derivative state action are also without merit and intend to defend ourselves vigorously. An adverse judgment may have a material adverse effect on our business and financial performance. See Note 6 to Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. OUR BUSINESS IS DEPENDENT ON THE STORAGE AREA NETWORK MARKET WHICH IS NEW AND UNPREDICTABLE, AND IF THIS MARKET DOES NOT DEVELOP AND EXPAND AS WE ANTICIPATE, OUR BUSINESS WILL SUFFER. Fibre Channel-based storage area networks, or SANs, were first deployed in 1997. As a result, the market for SANs and related storage router products has only recently begun to develop and is rapidly evolving. Because this market is relatively new, it is difficult to predict its potential size or future growth rate. Substantially all of our products are used exclusively in SANs and, therefore, our business is dependent on the SAN market. Accordingly, the widespread adoption of SANs for use in organizations' computing systems is critical to our future success. Most of the organizations that potentially may purchase our products from our customers have invested substantial resources in their existing computing and data storage systems and, as a result, may be reluctant or slow to adopt a new approach like SANs. SANs are often implemented in connection with the deployment of new storage systems and servers. Therefore, our future success is also substantially dependent on the market for new storage systems and servers. Furthermore, the ability of the different components used in a SAN to function effectively, or interoperate, with each other when placed in a computing system has not yet been achieved on a widespread basis. Until greater interoperability is achieved, customers may be reluctant to deploy SANs. Our success in generating revenue in the emerging SAN market will depend on, among other things, our ability to: o educate potential OEM customers, distributors, resellers, system integrators, storage service providers and end-user organizations about the benefits of SANs and storage router technology, including, in particular, the ability to use storage routers with SANs to improve system backup and recovery processes; o maintain and enhance our relationships with OEM customers, distributors, resellers, system integrators, storage system providers and end-user organizations; o predict and base our products on standards which ultimately become industry standards; and o achieve interoperability between our products and other SAN components from diverse vendors. 20 WE HAVE LIMITED PRODUCT OFFERINGS AND OUR SUCCESS DEPENDS ON OUR ABILITY TO DEVELOP IN A TIMELY MANNER NEW AND ENHANCED PRODUCTS THAT ACHIEVE MARKET ACCEPTANCE. We currently have only three principal product lines within our storage router product family that we sell in commercial quantities. In particular, sales of our 4100 and 4200 products have accounted for the vast majority of our product revenue to date. To reduce our dependence on these products, we must successfully develop and introduce to market new products and product enhancements in a timely manner. On September 1, 2000, we began notifying our customers that our 4100 product was at its "end of life." Customers who purchased the 4100 product are continuing to migrate to our next generation of products that we refer to as the 4x50 product line. While we are continuing to sell our 4100 product, sales of our 4x50 product accounted for approximately 50% and 46% of our product revenue during the three months ended January 31, 2001 and 2002, respectively. Our future growth and competitiveness will depend greatly on the market acceptance of our newly introduced product lines, including the 8000 and 10000 storage router. However, we have not received significant revenues from the sale of either of these products and their market acceptance remains uncertain. If either of these two products do not achieve sufficient market acceptance, our future growth prospects will be seriously affected. Moreover, even if we are able to develop and commercially introduce new products and enhancements, these new products or enhancements may not achieve market acceptance that could reduce our revenue. Factors that may affect the market acceptance of our products, some of which are beyond our control, include the following: o growth of, and changing requirements of customers within, the SAN and storage router markets; o performance, quality, price and total cost of ownership of our products; o availability, performance, quality and price of competing products and technologies; o our customer service and support capabilities and responsiveness; and o successful development of our relationships with existing and potential OEM, distributor, reseller, system integrator and storage system provider customers. WE DEPEND ON A LIMITED NUMBER OF CUSTOMERS FOR THE VAST MAJORITY OF OUR REVENUE. THE LOSS OF OR SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION IN ORDERS FROM ANY KEY CUSTOMERS WOULD SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE OUR REVENUE AND WOULD SUBSTANTIALLY HARM OUR FUTURE RESULTS OF OPERATIONS. In fiscal 1999, 2000, 2001 and the three months ended January 31, 2002, approximately 85%, 77%, 70% and 81% of our revenue, respectively, was derived from six customers. In fiscal 2001, Hewlett-Packard and StorageTek represented 26% and 23% of our total revenue, respectively. During the three months ended January 31, 2002, Hewlett Packard and StorageTek represented 37% and 35% of our total revenue, respectively. During fiscal 2001, ADIC transitioned out of our router products upon consummation of its acquisition of Pathlight Technology. In addition, in September, 2001, Hewlett Packard and Compaq have announced their intent to merge. If the merger is consummated or if we are unable to replace the revenue lost due to ADIC's transition away from our line of storage routers, our results of operations and future prospects will suffer. We rely on OEMs as a primary distribution channel as they are able to sell our products to a large number of end-user organizations, which enables us to achieve broad market penetration, with limited sales, marketing and customer service and support resources from us. In August 2001, we announced that we had re-engaged Compaq as a customer, which had decided to introduce a competitive product in fiscal 2000. Under the new agreement, Crossroads and Compaq will develop a range of solutions for protecting data in networked storage environments with first delivery shipments scheduled in April 2002. Our operating results in the foreseeable future will continue to depend on sales to a relatively small number of OEM customers. Therefore, the loss of any of our key OEM customers, or a significant reduction in sales to any one of them, would significantly reduce our revenue. OUR OEM CUSTOMERS REQUIRE OUR PRODUCTS TO UNDERGO A LENGTHY AND EXPENSIVE QUALIFICATION PROCESS THAT DOES NOT ASSURE PRODUCT SALES. Prior to offering our products for sale, our OEM customers require that each of our products undergo an extensive qualification process, which involves interoperability testing of our product in the OEM's system as well as rigorous reliability testing. This 21 qualification process may continue for a year or longer. However, qualification of a product by an OEM does not assure any sales of the product to the OEM. Despite this uncertainty, we devote substantial resources, including sales, marketing and management efforts, toward qualifying our products with OEMs in anticipation of sales to them. If we are unsuccessful or delayed in qualifying any products with an OEM, such failure or delay would preclude or delay sales of that product to the OEM, which may impede our ability to grow our business. DEMAND FOR OUR PRODUCTS DEPENDS SIGNIFICANTLY UPON THE NEED TO INTERCONNECT SCSI-BASED TAPE STORAGE SYSTEMS WITH FIBRE CHANNEL SANS, AND WE EXPECT TO FACE COMPETITION FROM MANUFACTURERS OF TAPE STORAGE SYSTEMS THAT INCORPORATE FIBRE CHANNEL INTERFACES INTO THEIR PRODUCTS. In traditional computer networks, system backup is accomplished by transferring data from applications and databases over the servers used in the network to tape drives or other media where the data is safely stored. Tape storage devices generally rely on an SCSI connection to interface with the network in receiving and transmitting data. Our routers enable these SCSI-based storage devices to interface with the Fibre Channel-based components of the SAN. Because our routers allow communication between SCSI storage devices and a Fibre Channel SAN, organizations are able to affect their backup processes over the SAN rather than through the computer network, enabling the servers of the network to remain available for other computing purposes. We currently derive the majority of our revenue from sales of storage routers that are used to connect SCSI-based tape storage systems with SANs. The introduction of tape storage systems that incorporate Fibre Channel interfaces would enable tape storage devices to communicate directly with SANs, without using storage routers. We are aware that a number of manufacturers of storage systems, including several of our current customers, are developing tape storage systems with embedded Fibre Channel interfaces, with products expected to be introduced to market in the near future. If these or other manufacturers are successful in introducing Fibre Channel-based storage systems, demand for our storage router products would be materially reduced and our revenue would decline. OUR RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS ARE FOCUSED ON UTILIZING EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES AND STANDARDS AND ANY DELAY OR ABANDONMENT OF EFFORTS TO DEVELOP THESE TECHNOLOGIES OR STANDARDS BY INDUSTRY PARTICIPANTS, OR FAILURE OF THESE TECHNOLOGIES OR STANDARDS TO ACHIEVE MARKET ACCEPTANCE, COULD COMPROMISE OUR COMPETITIVE POSITION. Our products are intended to complement other SAN products to improve the performance of computer networks by addressing the input/output bottlenecks that have emerged between the storage systems and the servers within a computing system. We have devoted and expect to continue to devote significant resources to developing products based on emerging technologies and standards that reduce input/output bottlenecks. A number of large companies in the computer hardware and software industries are actively involved in the development of new technologies and standards that are expected to be incorporated in our new products. Should any of these companies delay or abandon their efforts to develop commercially available products based on these new technologies and standards, our research and development efforts with respect to such technologies and standards likely would have no appreciable value. In addition, if we do not correctly anticipate new technologies and standards, or if our products based on these new technologies and standards fail to achieve market acceptance, our competitors may be better able to address market demand than would we. Furthermore, if markets for these new technologies and standards develop later than we anticipate, or do not develop at all, demand for our products that are currently in development would suffer, resulting in less revenue for these products than we currently anticipate. WE ARE SUBJECT TO INCREASED INVENTORY RISKS AND COSTS BECAUSE WE MANUFACTURE PRODUCTS IN ADVANCE OF BINDING COMMITMENTS FROM OUR CUSTOMERS TO PURCHASE OUR PRODUCTS. In order to assure availability of our products for some of our largest OEM customers, we manufacture products in advance of purchase orders from these customers based on forecasts provided by them. However, these forecasts do not represent binding purchase commitments and we do not recognize revenue for such products until the product is shipped and risk of loss has passed to the OEM. As a result, we incur inventory and manufacturing costs in advance of anticipated revenue. Because demand for our products may not materialize, this product delivery method subjects us to increased risks of high inventory carrying costs and increased obsolescence and may increase our operating costs. 22 THE LOSS OF OUR PRIMARY CONTRACT MANUFACTURER, OR THE FAILURE TO FORECAST DEMAND ACCURATELY FOR OUR PRODUCTS OR TO MANAGE OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH OUR PRIMARY CONTRACT MANUFACTURER SUCCESSFULLY, WOULD NEGATIVELY IMPACT OUR ABILITY TO MANUFACTURE AND SELL OUR PRODUCTS. During fiscal 2001, we received our last shipments from XeTel Corporation, a contract manufacturer; and we have engaged another contract manufacturer, Solectron, to assemble the printed circuit board for our current shipping programs, including our 4x50, 8000, 10000 and embedded router family of products. We generally place orders for products with our contract manufacturer approximately four months prior to the anticipated delivery date, with order volumes based on forecasts of demand from our customers. Accordingly, if we inaccurately forecast demand for our products, we may be unable to obtain adequate manufacturing capacity from our contract manufacturer to meet our customers' delivery requirements, or we may accumulate excess inventories. We have on occasion in the past been unable to adequately respond to unexpected increases in customer purchase orders, and therefore were unable to benefit from this incremental demand. Our contract manufacturer has not provided assurance to us that adequate capacity will be available to us within the time required to meet additional demand for our products. OUR PLANS TO INTRODUCE NEW PRODUCTS AND PRODUCT ENHANCEMENTS TO MARKET REQUIRE COORDINATION ACROSS OUR SUPPLIERS AND MANUFACTURERS, WHICH EXPOSES US TO RISKS OF DELAY OR POOR EXECUTION FROM A VARIETY OF SOURCES. We plan to introduce new products and product enhancements, which will require that we coordinate our efforts with those of our component suppliers and our contract manufacturers to rapidly achieve volume production. If we should fail to effectively manage our relationships with our component suppliers and our contract manufacturers, or if any of our suppliers or our manufacturers experience delays, disruptions, capacity constraints or quality control problems in their manufacturing operations, our ability to ship products to our customers could be delayed, and our competitive position and reputation could be harmed. Qualifying a new component supplier or contract manufacturer and commencing volume production can be expensive and time consuming. If we are required to change or choose to change suppliers, we may lose revenue and damage our customer relationships. WE DEPEND ON SOLE SOURCE AND LIMITED SOURCE SUPPLIERS FOR CERTAIN KEY COMPONENTS, AND IF WE ARE UNABLE TO BUY THESE COMPONENTS ON A TIMELY BASIS, OUR DELAYED ABILITY TO DELIVER OUR PRODUCTS TO OUR CUSTOMERS MAY RESULT IN REDUCED REVENUE AND LOST SALES. We currently purchase Fibre Channel application specific integrated circuits and other key components for our products from sole or limited sources. To date, most of our component purchases have been made in relatively small volumes. As a result, if our suppliers receive excess demand for their products, we likely will receive a low priority for order fulfillment, as large volume customers will use our suppliers' available capacity. If we are delayed in acquiring components for our products, the manufacture and shipment of our products will also be delayed, which will reduce our revenue and may result in lost sales. We generally use a rolling six-month forecast of our future product sales to determine our component requirements. Lead times for ordering materials and components vary significantly and depend on factors such as specific supplier requirements, contract terms and current market demand for such components. If we overestimate our component requirements, we may have excess inventory which would increase our costs. If we underestimate our component requirements, we may have inadequate inventory that would delay our manufacturing and render us unable to deliver products to customers on a scheduled delivery date. We also may experience shortages of certain components from time to time, which also could delay our manufacturing. Manufacturing delays could negatively impact our ability to sell our products and damage our customer relationships. COMPETITION WITHIN OUR MARKETS MAY REDUCE SALES OF OUR PRODUCTS AND REDUCE OUR MARKET SHARE. The market for SAN products generally, and storage routers in particular, is increasingly competitive. We anticipate that the market for our products will continually evolve and will be subject to rapid technological change. We currently face competition from ATTO, Chaparral Network Storage and Nishan Systems. In addition, during 2001, ADIC, one of our OEM customers, acquired Pathlight Technology whose products are competitive with our 4100 and 4x50 product lines. During April 2001, ADIC transitioned out of our router products upon consummation of its acquisition of Pathlight Technology, Inc., which was subsequently completed on May 11, 2001. In addition, other OEM customers could develop products or technologies internally, or by entering into strategic relationships with or acquiring other existing SAN product providers that would replace their need for our products and would become a source of competition. We expect to face competition in the future from OEMs, including our customers and potential customers, LAN router manufacturers, storage system industry suppliers, including manufacturers and vendors of other SAN products or entire SAN systems, and innovative start-up companies. For example, manufacturers of Fibre Channel hubs or switches could seek to include router functionality within their SAN products that would obviate the need for our storage routers. As the market for SAN products grows, we also may face competition from traditional networking companies and other manufacturers of networking products. These networking companies may enter the storage router market by introducing their own products or by entering into 23 strategic relationships with or acquiring other existing SAN product providers. This could introduce additional competition in our markets, especially if one of our OEMs begins to manufacture our higher end storage routers. WE ARE A RELATIVELY SMALL COMPANY WITH LIMITED RESOURCES COMPARED TO SOME OF OUR CURRENT AND POTENTIAL COMPETITORS. Some of our current and potential competitors have longer operating histories, significantly greater resources, broader name recognition and a larger installed base of customers than we have. As a result, these competitors may have greater credibility with our existing and potential customers. They also may be able to adopt more aggressive pricing policies and devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we can to ours, which would allow them to respond more quickly than us to new or emerging technologies or changes in customer requirements. In addition, some of our current and potential competitors have already established supplier or joint development relationships with decision makers at our current or potential customers. These competitors may be able to leverage their existing relationships to discourage these customers from purchasing products from us or to persuade them to replace our products with their products. Increased competition could decrease our prices, reduce our sales, lower our margins, or decrease our market share. These and other competitive pressures may prevent us from competing successfully against current or future competitors, and may materially harm our business. WE HAVE LICENSED OUR 4200 AND 4X50 STORAGE ROUTER TECHNOLOGY TO A KEY CUSTOMER, WHICH MAY ENABLE THIS CUSTOMER TO COMPETE WITH US. We have licensed our 4200 and 4x50 storage router technology to Hewlett-Packard. Hewlett-Packard currently manufactures the 4200 product under its name and pays us a royalty. Hewlett-Packard has vastly greater resources and distribution capabilities than we do, and therefore, it could establish market acceptance in a relatively short time frame for any competitive products that it may introduce, which, in turn, would reduce demand for our products from Hewlett-Packard and could reduce demand for our products from other customers. WE EXPECT UNIT PRICES OF OUR PRODUCTS TO DECREASE OVER TIME, AND IF WE CANNOT INCREASE OUR SALES VOLUMES OUR REVENUE WILL DECLINE. As storage networking continues to mature as an industry, we have seen a trend towards simplification of networking components and management. The impact of this trend on our business has been the push for, and subsequent ramp of embedded routers being shipped with tape libraries. These embedded routers are lower cost than the stand-alone box routers and this lower cost is passed on to our OEM customers. As our mix shifts from box to embedded, we will see a reduction in average price per unit and revenue will decline if volume does not increase. Additionally, many of our current agreements with our OEM customers include provisions that require reductions in the sales price for our products over time. We believe that this practice is common within our industry. To date, our agreements with OEM customers, including our largest customers, provide for quarterly reductions in pricing on a product-by-product basis, with the actual discount determined according to the volume potential expected from the customer, the OEM's customer base, the credibility the OEM may bring to our solution, additional technology the OEM may help us incorporate with our product, and other Crossroads products the OEM supports. Notwithstanding, the decreases in our average selling prices of our older products generally have been partially offset by higher average selling prices for our newer products, as well as sales to distributors, resellers and system integrators where price decreases are not generally required. Nonetheless, we could experience declines in our average unit selling prices for our products in the future, especially if our newer products do not receive broad market acceptance. In addition, declines in our average selling prices may be more pronounced should we encounter significant pricing pressures from increased competition within the storage router market. OUR PRODUCTS ARE COMPLEX AND MAY CONTAIN UNDETECTED SOFTWARE OR HARDWARE ERRORS THAT COULD LEAD TO AN INCREASE IN OUR COSTS OR A REDUCTION IN OUR REVENUE. Networking products such as ours may contain undetected software or hardware errors when first introduced or as new versions are released. Our products are complex and errors have been found in the past and may be found from time to time in the future. In addition, our products include components from a number of third-party vendors. We rely on the quality testing of these vendors to ensure the adequate operation of their products. Because our products are manufactured with a number of components supplied by various third-party sources, should problems occur in the operation or performance of our products, it may be difficult to identify the source. In addition, our products are deployed within SANs from a variety of vendors. Therefore, the occurrence of hardware and software errors, whether caused by our or another vendor's SAN products, could adversely affect sales of our products. Furthermore, defects may not be discovered until our products are already deployed in the SAN. These errors also could cause us to incur 24 significant warranty, diagnostic and repair costs, divert the attention of our engineering personnel from our product development efforts and cause significant customer relations and business reputation problems. WE DEPEND ON OUR KEY PERSONNEL TO MANAGE OUR BUSINESS EFFECTIVELY IN A RAPIDLY CHANGING MARKET, AND IF WE ARE UNABLE TO RETAIN OUR CURRENT PERSONNEL AND HIRE ADDITIONAL PERSONNEL, OUR ABILITY TO SELL OUR PRODUCTS COULD BE HARMED. We believe our future success will depend in large part upon our ability to attract and retain highly skilled managerial, engineering and sales and marketing personnel. We do not have employment contracts with any of our key personnel with the exception of Mr. Sanders. The loss of the services of any of our key employees, the inability to attract or retain qualified personnel in the future or delays in hiring required personnel, particularly engineers and sales personnel, could delay the development and introduction of, and negatively impact our ability to sell, our products. WE MAY BE UNABLE TO PROTECT OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, WHICH WOULD NEGATIVELY AFFECT OUR ABILITY TO COMPETE. Our products rely on our proprietary technology, and we expect that future technological advancements made by us will be critical to sustain market acceptance of our products. Therefore, we believe that the protection of our intellectual property rights is and will continue to be important to the success of our business. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and restrictions on disclosure to protect our intellectual property rights. We also enter into confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, consultants and business partners, and control access to and distribution of our software, documentation and other proprietary information. Despite these efforts, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy or otherwise obtain and use our products or technology. Monitoring unauthorized use of our products is difficult, and we cannot be certain that the steps we have taken will prevent unauthorized use of our technology, particularly in foreign countries where applicable laws may not protect our proprietary rights as fully as in the United States. OUR EFFORTS TO PROTECT OUR INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY MAY CAUSE US TO BECOME INVOLVED IN COSTLY AND LENGTHY LITIGATION WHICH COULD SERIOUSLY HARM OUR BUSINESS. In recent years, there has been significant litigation in the United States involving patents, trademarks and other intellectual property rights. Legal proceedings could subject us to significant liability for damages or invalidate our intellectual property rights. Any litigation, regardless of its outcome, would likely be time consuming and expensive to resolve and would divert management's time and attention. Any potential intellectual property litigation against us could force us to take specific actions, including: o cease selling our products that use the challenged intellectual property; o obtain from the owner of the infringed intellectual property right a license to sell or use the relevant technology or trademark, which license may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all; or o redesign those products that use infringing intellectual property or cease to use an infringing trademark. ANY ACQUISITIONS WE MAKE COULD DISRUPT OUR BUSINESS AND HARM OUR FINANCIAL CONDITION. As part of our growth strategy, we intend to review opportunities to acquire other businesses or technologies that would complement our current products, expand the breadth of our markets or enhance our technical capabilities. This would entail a number of risks that could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results, including: o problems integrating the acquired operations, technologies or products with our existing business and products; o diversion of management's time and attention from our core business; o difficulties in retaining business relationships with suppliers and customers of the acquired company; o risks associated with entering markets in which we lack prior experience; and o potential loss of key employees of the acquired company. 25 OUR PRODUCTS MUST CONFORM TO INDUSTRY STANDARDS IN ORDER TO BE ACCEPTED BY CUSTOMERS IN OUR MARKET. Our products comprise only a part of a SAN. All components of a SAN must uniformly comply with the same industry standards in order to operate efficiently together. We depend on companies that provide other components of the SAN to support prevailing industry standards. Many of these companies are significantly larger and more influential in effecting industry standards than we are. Some industry standards may not be widely adopted or implemented uniformly, and competing standards may emerge that may be preferred by OEM customers or end users. If larger companies do not support the same industry standards that we do, or if competing standards emerge, our products may not achieve market acceptance which would adversely affect our business. INSIDERS WILL CONTINUE TO HAVE SUBSTANTIAL CONTROL OVER OUR COMPANY AND COULD DELAY OR PREVENT A CHANGE IN CORPORATE CONTROL. As of December 31, 2001, our executive officers and directors, and their affiliates, beneficially own approximately 16.8% of the total voting power of our company. As a result, these stockholders will be able to exert significant control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of voting power could delay or prevent an acquisition of us on terms that other stockholders may desire. PROVISIONS IN OUR CHARTER DOCUMENTS AND DELAWARE LAW COULD PREVENT, DELAY OR IMPEDE A CHANGE IN CONTROL OF US AND MAY REDUCE THE MARKET PRICE OF OUR COMMON STOCK. Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws could have the effect of discouraging, delaying or preventing a merger or acquisition that a stockholder may consider favorable. We also are subject to the anti-takeover laws of the State of Delaware that may discourage, delay or prevent someone from acquiring or merging with us, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. OUR STOCK PRICE MAY BE VOLATILE. The market price of our common stock has been volatile in the past and may be volatile in the future. The market price of our common stock may be significantly affected by the following factors: o actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results; o changes in financial estimates by securities analysts or our failure to perform in line with such estimates; o changes in market valuations of other technology companies, particularly those that sell products used in SANs; o announcements by us or our competitors of significant technical innovations, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments; o introduction of technologies or product enhancements that reduce the need for storage routers; o the loss of one or more key OEM customers; and o departures of key personnel. The stock market has experienced extreme volatility that often has been unrelated to the performance of particular companies. These market fluctuations may cause our stock price to fall regardless of our performance. THE ISSUANCE BY THE SEC OF AN ACCOUNTING BULLETIN RELATED TO REVENUE RECOGNITION, SAB NO. 101, MAY HAVE A MATERIAL ADVERSE IMPACT ON OUR FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE. In December 1999, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin ("SAB") No. 101, "Revenue Recognition in Financial Statements." SAB No. 101 summarizes the SEC staff's views in applying generally accepted accounting principles to revenue recognition in 26 financial statements. Effective November 1, 2000, we adopted SAB No. 101. While SAB No. 101 will not affect the fundamental aspects of our operations as measured by product shipments and cash flows, implementation of SAB No. 101 will affect our reported results of operations. It is possible that SAB No. 101 will result in increased fluctuations in our quarterly operating results and increase the likelihood that we may fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts for any period. The adoption of SAB No. 101 resulted in a change in method of revenue recognition for certain product shipments due to the specified shipping terms for these shipments. The cumulative effect of this accounting change was approximately $130,000, which has been included in net income for the year ended October 31, 2001. Prior period financial statements have not been restated to apply SAB No. 101 retroactively. ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Information concerning market risk is contained on Pages 31 and 32 of our 2001 Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference to the annual report. 27 CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES PART II - OTHER INFORMATION ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Intellectual Property Litigation On March 31, 2000, we filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas against Chaparral Network Storage, Inc. alleging that Chaparral has infringed our `972 patent with some of their products. In September 2001, the jury found that the `972 patent was valid and that all of Chaparral's RAID and router products that contained LUN Zoning had infringed all claims of our `972 patent. The federal judge in this matter issued a permanent injunction against Chaparral from manufacturing any RAID or router product that contained LUN Zoning or access controls and assessed punitive damages. As a result, we were awarded damages with a royalty amount of 5% for Chaparral's router product line and 3% for their RAID product line. On April 14, 2000, we filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas against Pathlight Technology, Inc. alleging that Pathlight has infringed the same `972 patent. Pathlight was subsequently acquired by Advanced Digital Information Corporation on May 11, 2001. In June 2001, ADIC paid us $15.0 million in connection with the settlement of this lawsuit which was recognized as contra operating expense in the statement of operations for year ended October 31, 2001. In connection with the settlement of the lawsuit, we granted ADIC a non-exclusive license under the related patent. On May 19, 2000, Chaparral filed a counter-suit filed in District Court, Boulder County, Colorado against us alleging tortuous interference with prospective business relations. In April 2001, we moved to have this matter dismissed, which the judge ordered, with prejudice. Securities Class Action Litigation We and several of our officers and directors were named as defendants in several class action lawsuits filed in the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. The plaintiffs in the actions purport to represent purchasers of our common stock during various periods ranging from January 25, 2000 through August 24, 2000. The Court consolidated the actions and appointed a lead plaintiff under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The amended consolidated complaint was filed in February 2001 and we filed a motion to dismiss, which was denied. The plaintiffs are seeking unspecified amounts of compensatory damages, interests and costs, including legal fees. We deny the allegations in the complaint and intend to defend ourselves vigorously. The class action lawsuit is still at an early stage. Consequently, it is not possible at this time to predict whether we will incur any liability or to estimate the damages, or the range of damages, if any, that we might incur in connection with this lawsuit. Our inability to prevail in this action could have a material adverse effect on our future business, financial condition and results of operations. Derivative State Action On November 21, 2001, a derivative state action was filed in the 261st District Court of Travis County, Texas on behalf of Crossroads by James Robke and named several of our officers and directors as defendants. The derivative state action is based upon the same general set of facts and circumstances outlined above in connection with the purported securities class action litigation. The derivative state action alleges that certain of the individual defendants sold shares while in possession of material inside information in purported breach of their fiduciary duties to Crossroads. The derivative state action also alleges waste of corporate assets. We have not answered the derivative state action. We believe the allegations in the derivative state action are without merit and intend to defend ourselves vigorously. The derivative state action is still at an early stage. Consequently, it is not possible at this time to predict whether we will incur any liability or to estimate the damages, or the range of damages, if any, that we might incur in connection with this action. Our inability to prevail in this action could have a material adverse effect on our future business, financial condition and results of operations. 28 ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS During the fiscal quarter ended January 31, 2002, we issued an aggregate of 7,255 shares of our common stock to employees pursuant to exercises of stock options that were granted prior to October 19, 1999, the date of our initial public offering, with exercise prices ranging from $0.500 to $1.333 per share. These issuances were deemed exempt from registration under Section 5 of the Securities Act of 1933 in reliance upon Rule 701 thereunder and appropriate legends were affixed to the share certificates issued in each such transaction. ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES None. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS None. ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION None. ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K. Reports on Form 8-K Crossroads did not file any current reports on Form 8-K during the three months ended January 31, 2002. 29 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. CROSSROADS SYSTEMS, INC. March 17, 2002 /s/ Larry Sanders -------------- -------------------------------------------- (Date) Larry Sanders Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) March 17, 2002 /s/ Reagan Y. Sakai -------------- -------------------------------------------- (Date) Reagan Y. Sakai Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 30