EXHIBIT 23.1 Consent of Independent Accountants We consent to the reference to our firm under the caption "Experts" in the Registration Statement (Form S-8) of United States Lime & Minerals, Inc. pertaining to the 2001 Long-Term Incentive Plan and to the incorporation by reference therein of our report dated March 20, 2002, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of United States Lime & Minerals, Inc. included in its Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2001, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Ernst & Young LLP June 19, 2002