1

                                                                    EXHIBIT 3.67


                          SHAMROCK RADIO LICENSES, INC.

                                     BY-LAWS

                            ARTICLE I - STOCKHOLDERS

      Section 1. Annual Meeting.

      An annual meeting of the stockholders, for the election of directors to
succeed those whose terms expire and for the transaction of such other business
as may properly come before the meeting, shall be held at such place, on such
date, and at such time as the Board of Directors shall each year fix, which date
shall be within thirteen (13) months of the last annual meeting of stockholders
or, if no such meeting has been held, the date of incorporation.

      Section 2. Special Meetings.

      Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or purposes
prescribed in the notice of the meeting, may be called by the Board of Directors
or the chief executive officer and shall be held at such place, on such date,
and at such time as they or he or she shall fix.

      Section 3. Notice of Meetings.

      Written notice of the place, date, and time of all meetings of the
stockholders shall be given, not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60)
days before the date on which the meeting is to be held, to each stockholder
entitled to vote at such meeting, except as otherwise provided herein or
required by law (meaning, here and hereinafter, as required from time to time by
the Delaware General Corporation Law or the Certificate of Incorporation of the
Corporation).


                                      -1-
   2
      When a meeting is adjourned to another place, date or time, written
notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the place, date and time
thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken;
provided, however, that if the date of any adjourned meeting is more than thirty
(30) days after the date for which the meeting was originally noticed, or if a
new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, written notice of the place,
date, and time of the adjourned meeting shall be given in conformity herewith.
At any adjourned meeting, any business may be transacted which might have been
transacted at the original meeting.

      Section 4. Quorum.

      At any meeting of the stockholders, the holders of a majority of all of
the shares of the stock entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or by
proxy, shall constitute a quorum for all purposes, unless or except to the
extent that the presence of a larger number may be required by law. Where a
separate vote by a class or classes is required, a majority of the shares of
such class or classes present in person or represented by proxy shall constitute
a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that vote on that matter.

      If a quorum shall fail to attend any meeting, the chairman of the meeting
or the holders of a majority of the shares of stock entitled to vote who are
present, in person or by proxy, may adjourn the meeting to another place, date,
or time.


                                      - 2 -
   3
      Section 5. Organization.

      Such person as the Board of Directors may have designated or, in the
absence of such a person, the chief executive officer of the Corporation or, in
his or her absence, such person as may be chosen by the holders of a majority of
the shares entitled to vote who are present, in person or by proxy, shall call
to order any meeting of the stockholders and act as chairman of the meeting. In
the absence of the Secretary of the Corporation, the secretary of the meeting
shall be such person as the chairman appoints.

      Section 6. Conduct of Business.

      The chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of
business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the
manner of voting and the conduct of discussion as seem to him or her in order.
The date and time of the opening and closing of the polls for each matter upon
which the stockholders will vote at the meeting shall be announced at the
meeting.

      Section 7. Proxies and Voting.

      At any meeting of the stockholders, every stockholder entitled to vote may
vote in person or by proxy authorized by an instrument in writing or by a
transmission permitted by law filed in accordance with the procedure established
for the meeting. Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable
reproduction of the writing or transmission created pursuant to this paragraph
may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for
any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be
used, provided that such copy, facsimile


                                     - 3 -
   4
telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the
entire original writing or transmission.

      All voting, including on the election of directors but excepting where
otherwise required by law, may be by a voice vote; provided, however, that upon
demand therefore by a stockholder entitled to vote or by his or her proxy, a
stock vote shall be taken. Every stock vote shall be taken by ballots, each of
which shall state the name of the stockholder or proxy voting and such other
information as may be required under the procedure established for the meeting.
The Corporation may, and to the extent required by law, shall, in advance of any
meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting
and make a written report thereof. The Corporation may designate one or more
persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no
inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the person
presiding at the meeting may, and to the extent required by law, shall, appoint
one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before entering
upon the discharge of his duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to
execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the
best of his ability. Every vote taken by ballots shall be counted by an
inspector or inspectors appointed by the chairman of the meeting.

      All elections shall be determined by a plurality of the votes cast, and
except as otherwise required by law, all other matters shall be determined by a
majority of the votes cast affirmatively or negatively.


                                     - 4 -
   5


     Section 8.  Stock List.   

     A complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of 
stockholders, arranged in alphabetical order for each class of stock and showing
the address of each such stockholder and the number of shares registered in his 
or her name, shall be open to the examination of any such stockholder, for any 
purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours for a period of 
at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city 
where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice 
of the meeting, or if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be 
held.

     The stock list shall also be kept at the place of the meeting during the 
whole time thereof and shall be open to the examination of any such stockholder 
who is present. This list shall presumptively determine the identity of the 
stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and the number of shares held by 
each of them.

     Section 9.  Consent of Stockholders in Lieu of Meeting.

     Any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of
stockholders of the Corporation, or any action which may be taken at any annual
or special meeting of the stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without
prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting
forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock
having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to
authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote
thereon were present and voted and


                                     - 5 -



   6

shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in 
Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the 
Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of 
stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the Corporation's registered office 
shall be made by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt 
requested.

     Every written consent shall bear the date of signature of each stockholder
who signs the consent and no written consent shall be effective to take the
corporate action referred to therein unless, within sixty (60) days of the date
the earliest dated consent is delivered to the Corporation, a written consent or
consents signed by a sufficient number of holders to take action are delivered
to the Corporation in the manner prescribed in the first paragraph of this
Section.


                        ARTICLE II - BOARD OF DIRECTORS

     Section 1.  Number and Term of Office.

     The number of directors who shall constitute the whole Board shall be such 
number as the Board of Directors shall from time to time have designated, 
except that in the absence of any such designation, such number shall be three 
(3). Each director shall be elected for a term of one year and until his or her 
successor is elected and qualified, except as otherwise provided herein or 
required by law.

     Whenever the authorized number of directors is increased between annual 
meetings of the stockholders, a majority of the directors then in office shall 
have the power to elect such new directors for the balance of a term and until 
their successors are 


                                     - 6 -
   7
elected and qualified. Any decrease in the authorized number of directors shall
not become effective until the expiration of the term of the directors then in
office unless, at the time of such decrease, there shall be vacancies on the
board which are being eliminated by the decrease.

     Section 2. Vacancies

     If the office of any director becomes vacant by reason of death,
resignation, disqualification, removal or other cause, a majority of the
directors remaining in office, although less than a quorum, may elect a
successor for the unexpired term and until his or her successor is elected and
qualified.

     Section 3. Regular Meetings.

     Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such place or
places, on such date or dates, and at such time or times as shall have been
established by the Board of Directors and publicized among all directors. A
notice of each regular meeting shall not be required.

     Section 4. Special Meetings.

     Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by one-third (1/3)
of the directors then in office (rounded up to the nearest whole number) or by
the chief executive officer and shall be held at such place, on such date, and
at such time as they or he or she shall fix. Notice of the place, date, and time
of each such special meeting shall be given each director by whom it is not
waived by mailing written notice not less than five (5) days before the meeting
or by telegraphing or telexing or by facsimile transmission of the same not less
than twenty-four (24) hours



                                      -7-

   8
before the meeting. Unless otherwise indicated in the notice thereof, any and
all business may be transacted at a special meeting.

      Section 5. Quorum.

      At any meeting of the Board of Directors, a majority of the total number
of the whole Board shall constitute a quorum for all purposes. If a quorum shall
fail to attend any meeting, a majority of those present may adjourn the meeting
to another place, date, or time, without further notice or waiver thereof.

      Section 6. Participation in Meetings By Conference Telephone.

      Members of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may
participate in a meeting of such Board or committee by means of conference
telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons
participating in the meeting can hear each other and such participation shall
constitute presence in person at such meeting.

      Section 7. Conduct of Business.

      At any meeting of the Board of Directors, business shall be transacted in
such order and manner as the Board may from time to time determine, and all
matters shall be determined by the vote of a majority of the directors present,
except as otherwise provided herein or required by law. Action may be taken by
the Board of Directors without a meeting if all members thereof consent thereto
in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of
proceedings of the Board of Directors.


                                      - 8 -
   9
      Section 8. Powers.

      The Board of Directors may, except as otherwise required by law, exercise
all such powers and do all such acts and things as may be exercised or done by
the Corporation, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing,
the unqualified power:

            (1) To declare dividends from time to time in accordance with law;

            (2) To purchase or otherwise acquire any property, rights or
      privileges on such terms as it shall determine;

            (3) To authorize the creation, making and issuance, in such form as
      it may determine, of written obligations of every kind, negotiable or
      non-negotiable, secured or unsecured, and to do all things necessary in
      connection therewith;

            (4) To remove any officer of the Corporation with or without cause,
      and from time to time to devolve the powers and duties of any officer upon
      any other person for the time being;

            (5) To confer upon any officer of the Corporation the power to
      appoint, remove and suspend subordinate officers, employees and agents;

            (6) To adopt form time to time such stock, option, stock purchase,
      bonus or other compensation plans for directors, officers, employees and
      agents of the Corporation and its subsidiaries as it may determine;

            (7) To adopt from time to time such insurance, retirement, and other
      benefit plans for directors, officers,


                                     - 9 -
   10
      employees and agents of the Corporation and its subsidiaries as it may
      determine; and,

            (8) To adopt from time to time regulations, not inconsistent with
      these By-laws, for the management of the Corporation's business and
      affairs.

      Section 9. Compensation of Directors.

      Directors, as such, may receive, pursuant to resolution of the Board of
Directors, fixed fees and other compensation for their services as directors,
including, without limitation, their services as members of committees of the
Board of Directors.

                            ARTICLE III - COMMITTEES

      Section 1. Committees of the Board of Directors.

      The Board of Directors, by a vote of a majority of the whole Board, may
from time to time designate committees of the Board, with such lawfully
delegable powers and duties as it thereby confers, to serve at the pleasure of
the Board and shall, for those committees and any others provided for herein,
elect a director or directors to serve as the member or members, designating, if
it desires, other directors as alternate members who may replace any absent or
disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. Any committee so designated
may exercise the power and authority of the Board of Directors to declare a
dividend, to authorize the issuance of stock or to adopt a certificate of
ownership and merger pursuant to Section 253 of the Delaware General Corporation
Law if the resolution which designates the committee or a supplemental
resolution of the Board of Directors shall so provide. In the


                                     - 10 -
   11
absence or disqualification of any member of any committee and any alternate
member in his or her place, the member or members of the committee present at
the meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or she or they
constitute a quorum, may by unanimous vote appoint another member of the Board
of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of the absent or disqualified
member.

      Section 2. Conduct of Business.

      Each committee may determine the procedural rules for meeting and
conducting its business and shall act in accordance therewith, except as
otherwise provided herein or required by law. Adequate provision shall be made
for notice to members of all meetings; one-third (1/3) of the members shall
constitute a quorum unless the committee shall consist of one (1) or two (2)
members, in which event one (1) member shall constitute a quorum; and all
matters shall be determined by a majority vote of the members present. Action
may be taken by any committee without a meeting if all members thereof consent
thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of
the proceedings of such committee.

                              ARTICLE IV - OFFICERS

      Section 1. Generally.

      The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a President, one or more
Vice Presidents, a Secretary, a Treasurer and such other officers as may from
time to time be appointed by the Board of Directors. Officers shall be elected
by the Board of Directors, which shall consider that subject at its first
meeting


                                     - 11 -
   12
after every annual meeting of stockholders. Each officer shall hold office until
his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier
resignation or removal. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.

      Section 2. President.

      The President shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation.
Subject to the provisions of these By-laws and to the direction of the Board of
Directors, he or she shall have the responsibility for the general management
and control of the business and affairs of the Corporation and shall perform all
duties and have all powers which are commonly incident to the office of chief
executive or which are delegated to him or her by the Board of Directors. He or
she shall have power to sign all stock certificates, contracts and other
instruments of the Corporation which are authorized and shall have general
supervision and direction of all of the other officers, employees and agents of
the Corporation.

      Section 3. Vice President.

      Each Vice President shall have such powers and duties as may be delegated
to him or her by the Board of Directors. One (1) Vice President shall be
designated by the Board to perform the duties and exercise the powers of the
President in the event of the President's absence or disability.

      Section 4. Treasurer.

      The Treasurer shall have the responsibility for maintaining the financial
records of the Corporation. He or she shall make such disbursements of the funds
of the Corporation as are


                                     - 12 -
   13
authorized and shall render from time to time an account of all such
transactions and of the financial condition of the Corporation. The Treasurer
shall also perform such other duties as the Board of Directors may from time to
time prescribe.

      Section 5. Secretary.

      The Secretary shall issue all authorized notices for, and shall keep
minutes of, all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors. He or
she shall have charge of the corporate books and shall perform such other duties
as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.

      Section 6. Delegation of Authority.

      The Board of Directors may from time to time delegate the powers or duties
of any officer to any other officers or agents, notwithstanding any provision
hereof.

      Section 7. Removal.

      Any officer of the Corporation may be removed at any time, with or without
cause, by the Board of Directors.

      Section 8. Action with Respect to Securities of Other Corporations.

      Unless otherwise directed by the Board of Directors, the President or any
officer of the Corporation authorized by the President shall have power to vote
and otherwise act on behalf of the Corporation, in person or by proxy, at any
meeting of stockholders of or with respect to any action of stockholders of any
other corporation in which this Corporation may hold securities and otherwise to
exercise any and all rights and powers which this Corporation may possess by
reason of its ownership of securities in such other corporation.


                                     - 13 -
   14
                                ARTICLE V - STOCK

      Section 1. Certificates of Stock.

      Each stockholder shall be entitled to a certificate signed by, or in the
name of the Corporation by, the President or a Vice President, and by the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, or the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer,
certifying the number of shares owned by him or her. Any or all of the
signatures on the Certificate may be by facsimile.

      Section 2. Transfers of Stock.

      Transfers of stock shall be made only upon the transfer books of the
Corporation kept at an office of the Corporation or by transfer agents
designated to transfer shares of the stock of the Corporation. Except where a
certificate is issued in accordance with Section 4 of Article V of these
By-laws, an outstanding certificate for the number of shares involved shall be
surrendered for cancellation before a new certificate is issued therefor.

      Section 3. Record Date.

      In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to
notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders, or to receive payment of
any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or to exercise any
rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the
purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record
date, which record date shall not precede the date on which the resolution
fixing the record date is adopted and which record date shall not be more than
sixty (60) nor less than ten (9) days before the date of any meeting of
stockholders, nor more


                                     - 14 -
   15
than sixty (60) days prior to the time for such other action as hereinbefore
described; provided, however, that if no record date is fixed by the Board of
Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or
to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the
day next preceding the day on which notice is given or, if notice is waived, at
the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is
held, and, for determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of any
dividend or other distribution or allotment of rights or to exercise any rights
of change, conversion or exchange of stock or for any other purpose, the record
date shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of
Directors adopts a resolution relating thereto.

      A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote
at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting;
provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the
adjourned meeting.

      In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to
consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors
may fix a record date, which shall not precede the date upon which the
resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and
which record date shall be not more than ten (10) days after the date upon which
the resolution fixing the record date is adopted. If no record date has been
fixed by the Board of Directors and no prior action by the Board of Directors is
required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, the record date shall be the
first date on which


                                     - 15 -
   16
a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken
is delivered to the Corporation in the manner prescribed by Article I, Section 9
hereof. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior
action by the Board of Directors is required by the Delaware General Corporation
Law with respect to the proposed action by written consent of the stockholders,
the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate
action in writing shall be at the close of business on the day on which the
Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

      Section 4. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates.

      In the event of the loss, theft or destruction of any certificate of
stock, another may be issued in its place pursuant to such regulations as the
Board of Directors may establish concerning proof of such loss, theft or
destruction and concerning the giving of a satisfactory bond or bonds of
indemnity.

      Section 5. Regulations.

      The issue, transfer, conversion and registration of certificates of stock
shall be governed by such other regulations as the Board of Directors may
establish.

                              ARTICLE VI - NOTICES

      Section 1. Notices.

      Except as otherwise specifically provided herein or required by law, all
notices required to be given to any stockholder, director, officer, employee or
agent shall be in writing and may in every instance be effectively given by hand
delivery to the


                                     - 16 -
   17
recipient thereof, by depositing such notice in the mails, postage paid, or by
sending such notice by prepaid telegram or mailgram. Any such notice shall be
addressed to such stockholder, director, officer, employee or agent at his or
her last known address as the same appears on the books of the Corporation. The
time when such notice is received, if hand delivered, or dispatched, if
delivered through the mails or by telegram or mailgram, shall be the time of the
giving of the notice.

      Section 2. Waivers.

      A written waiver of any notice, signed by a stockholder, director,
officer, employee or agent, whether before or after the time of the event for
which notice is to be given, shall be deemed equivalent to the notice required
to be given to such stockholder, director, officer, employee or agent. Neither
the business nor the purpose of any meeting need be specified in such a waiver.

                           ARTICLE VII - MISCELLANEOUS

      Section 1. Facsimile Signatures.

      In addition to the provisions for use of facsimile signatures elsewhere
specifically authorized in these By-laws, facsimile signatures of any officer or
officers of the Corporation may be used whenever and as authorized by the Board
of Directors or a committee thereof.

      Section 2. Corporate Seal.

      The Board of Directors may provide a suitable seal, containing the name of
the Corporation, which seal shall be in the charge of the Secretary. If and when
so directed by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, duplicates of the
seal may be


                                     - 17 -
   18
kept and used by the Treasurer or by an Assistant Secretary or Assistant
Treasurer.

      Section 3. Reliance upon Books, Reports and Records.

      Each director, each member of any committee designated by the Board of
Directors, and each officer of the Corporation shall, in the performance of his
or her duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the books of
account or other records of the Corporation and upon such information, opinions,
reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any of its officers or
employees, or committees of the Board of Directors so designated, or by any
other person as to matters which such director or committee member reasonably
believes are within such other person's professional or expert competence and
who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Corporation.

      Section 4. Fiscal Year.

      The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be as fixed by the Board of
Directors.

      Section 5. Time Periods.

      In applying any provision of these By-laws which requires that an act be
done or not be done a specified number of days prior to an event or that an act
be done during a period of a specified number of days prior to an event,
calendar days shall be used, the day of the doing of the act shall be excluded,
and the day of the event shall be included.


                                     - 18 -
   19
            ARTICLE VIII - INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

      Section 1. Right to Indemnification.

      Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party
to or is otherwise involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil,
criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a "proceeding"), by
reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or an officer of the
Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to an
employee benefit plan (hereinafter an "indemnitee"), whether the basis of such
proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer,
employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer,
employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to
the fullest extent authorized by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the
same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment,
only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide
broader indemnification rights than such law permitted the Corporation to
provide prior to such amendment), against all expense, liability and loss
(including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties
and amounts paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such
indemnitee in connection therewith; provided, however, that, except as provided
in Section 3 of this ARTICLE VIII with respect to proceedings to enforce rights
to indemnification, the Corporation shall indemnify any such indemnitee in
connection


                                     - 19 -
   20
with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such indemnitee only if such
proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors of the
Corporation.

      Section 2. Right to Advancement of Expenses.

      The right to indemnification conferred in Section 1 of this ARTICLE VIII
shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses (including
attorney's fees) incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its
final disposition (hereinafter an "advancement of expenses"); provided, however,
that, if the Delaware General Corporation Law requires, an advancement of
expenses incurred by an indemnitee in his or her capacity as a director or
officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by
such indemnitee, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit
plan) shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking
(hereinafter an "undertaking"), by or on behalf of such indemnitee, to repay
all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial
decision from which there is no further right to appeal (hereinafter a "final
adjudication") that such indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified for such
expenses under this Section 2 or otherwise. The rights to indemnification and to
the advancement of expenses conferred in Sections 1 and 2 of this ARTICLE VIII
shall be contract rights and such rights shall continue as to an indemnitee who
has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the
benefit of the indemnitee's heirs, executors and administrators.


                                     - 20 -
   21
      Section 3. Right of Indemnitee to Bring Suit.

      If a claim under Section 1 or 2 of this ARTICLE VIII is not paid in full
by the Corporation within sixty (60) days after a written claim has been
received by the Corporation, except in the case of a claim for an advancement of
expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be twenty (20) days, the
indemnitee may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to
recover the unpaid amount of the claim. If successful in whole or in part in any
such suit, or in a suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of
expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the indemnitee shall be
entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit. In
(i) any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification
hereunder (but not in a suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to an
advancement of expenses) it shall be a defense that, and (ii) in any suit
brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the
terms of an undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such
expenses upon a final adjudication that, the indemnitee has not met any
applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the Delaware General
Corporation Law. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of
Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a
determination prior to the commencement of such suit that indemnification of the
indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because the indemnitee has met the
applicable standard of conduct set forth in the Delaware General Corporation
Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its


                                     - 21 -
   22
Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) that the
indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall create a
presumption that the indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct
or, in the case of such a suit brought by the indemnitee, be a defense to such
suit. In any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to
indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, or brought by the
Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an
undertaking, the burden of proving that the indemnitee is not entitled to be
indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this ARTICLE VIII or
otherwise shall be on the Corporation.

      Section 4. Non-Exclusivity of Rights.

      The rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses conferred
in this ARTICLE VIII shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person
may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, the Corporation's Certificate
of Incorporation, By-laws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested
directors or otherwise.

      Section 5. Insurance.

      The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself
and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any
expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power
to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the
Delaware General Corporation Law. 


                                     - 22 -
   23
      Section 6. Indemnification of Employees and Agents of the Corporation.

      The Corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the
Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification and to the advancement of
expenses to any employee or agent of the Corporation to the fullest extent of
the provisions of this Article with respect to the indemnification and
advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the Corporation.

                             ARTICLE IX - AMENDMENTS

      These By-laws may be amended or repealed by the Board of Directors at any
meeting or by the stockholders at any meeting.


                                      -23-