1 EXHIBIT 4.2 BYLAWS OF TELCO SYSTEMS, INC. ARTICLE I OFFICES Section 1.01. REGISTERED OFFICE. The registered office of Telco Systems, Inc. (hereafter called the Corporation) in the State of Delaware shall be at 100 West Tenth Street, Wilmington, Delaware, and the name of the registered agent at that address shall be the Corporation Trust Company. Section 1.02. PRINCIPAL OFFICE. The principal office for the transaction of the business of the Corporation shall be at 63 Nahatan Street, Norwood, Massachusetts 02062. The Board of Directors (hereafter called the "Board") is hereby granted full power and authority to change said principal office from one location to another. Section 1.03. OTHER OFFICES. The Corporation may also have an office or offices at such other place or places, either within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board may from time to time determine or as the business of the Corporation may require. ARTICLE II MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS Section 2.01. ANNUAL MEETINGS. Annual meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of such other proper business as may come before such meetings shall be held in November or December of 2 each year or at such other date as the Board shall determine by resolution. Section 2.02. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the stockholders for any purpose or purposes may be called by the Chairman of the Board, the President, the Board or a committee of the Board which has been duly designated by the Board and whose powers and authority, as provided in a resolution of the Board or in these Bylaws, include the power to call such meetings and by a person or persons owning, directly or indirectly, shares possessing not less than 20% of the votes eligible to be cast for the election of directors at the time any such determination is being made. Unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation, special meetings may not be called by any other person or persons. No business may be transacted at any special meeting of stockholders other than such business as may be designated in the notice calling such meeting. Section 2.03. PLACE OF MEETINGS. All meetings of the stockholders shall be held at such places, within or without the State of Delaware, as may from time to time be designated by the person or persons calling the respective meeting and specified in the respective notices or waivers of notice thereof. Section 2.04. NOTICE OF MEETINGS. Except as otherwise required by law, notice of each meeting of the stockholders, whether annual or special, shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting by delivering a typewritten or printed notice thereof to him personally, -2- 3 or by depositing such notice in the United States mail, in a postage prepaid envelope, directed to him at his post office address furnished by him to the Secretary of the Corporation for such purpose or, if he shall not have furnished to the Secretary his address for such purpose, then at his post office address last known to the Secretary, or by transmitting a notice thereof to him at such address by telegraph, cable, or wireless. Except as otherwise expressly required by law, no publication of any notice of a meeting of the stockholders shall be required. Every notice of a meeting of the stockholders shall state the place, date and hour of the meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, shall also state the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Notice of any meeting of stockholders shall not be required to be given to any stockholder who shall have waived such notice and such notice shall be deemed waived by any stockholder who shall attend such meeting in person or by proxy, except for a stockholder who shall attend such meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Except as otherwise expressly required by law, notice of any adjourned meeting of the stockholders need not be given if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. Section 2.05. QUORUM. Except in the case of any meeting for the election of directors summarily ordered as provided by law, the holders of record of a majority in voting interest of the shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to be voted thereat, -3- 4 present in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation or any adjournment thereof. In the absence of a quorum at any meeting or any adjournment thereof, a majority in voting interest of the stockholders present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereat or, in the absence therefrom of all the stockholders, any officer entitled to preside at, or to act as secretary of, such meeting may adjourn such meeting from time to time. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called. No business may be transacted at a meeting in the absence of a quorum other than the adjournment of such meeting, except that if a quorum is present at the commencement of a meeting, business may be transacted until the meeting is adjourned even though the withdrawal of stockholders results in less than a quorum. Section 2.06. VOTING. (a) Each stockholder shall, at each meeting of the stockholders, be entitled to vote in person or by proxy each share or fractional share of the stock of the Corporation having voting rights on the matter in question and which shall have been held by him and registered in his name on the books of the Corporation: (i) on the date fixed pursuant to Section 6.05 of these Bylaws as the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such meeting, or -4- 5 (ii) if no such record date shall have been so fixed, then (a) at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice of the meeting shall be given or (b) if notice of the meeting shall be waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting shall be held. (b) Shares of its own stock belonging to the Corporation or to another corporation, if a majority of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors in such other corporation is held, directly or indirectly, by the Corporation, shall neither be entitled to vote nor be counted for quorum purposes. Persons holding stock of the Corporation in a fiduciary capacity shall be entitled to vote such stock. Persons whose stock is pledged shall be entitled to vote, unless in the transfer by the pledgor on the books of the Corporation he shall have expressly empowered the pledgee to vote thereon, in which case only the pledgee, or his proxy, may represent such stock and vote thereon. Stock having voting power standing of record in the names of two or more persons, whether fiduciaries, members of a partnership, joint tenants, tenants in common, tenants by the entirety or otherwise, or with respect to which two or more persons have the same fiduciary relationship, shall be voted in accordance with the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. (c) Any such voting rights may be exercised by the stockholder entitled thereto in person or by his proxy appointed by an instrument in writing, subscribed by such stockholder or by -5- 6 his attorney thereunto authorized and delivered to the secretary of the meeting; provided, however, that no proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date unless said proxy shall provide for a longer period. The attendance at any meeting of a stockholder who may theretofore have given a proxy shall not have the effect of revoking the same unless he shall in writing so notify the secretary of the meeting prior to the voting of the proxy. At any meeting of the stockholders all matters, except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, in these Bylaws or by law, shall be decided by the vote of a majority of the shares present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereat and thereon, a quorum being present. The vote at any meeting of the stockholders on any questions need not be by ballot, unless so directed by the chairman of the meeting. On a vote by ballot each ballot shall be signed by the stockholder voting, or by is proxy, if there be such proxy, and it shall state the number of shares voted. Section 2.07. LIST OF STOCKHOLDERS. The Secretary of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be -6- 7 held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the duration thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. Section 2.08. JUDGES. If at any meeting of the stockholders a vote by written ballot shall be taken on any question, the chairman of such meeting may appoint a judge or judges to act with respect to such vote. Each judge so appointed shall first subscribe an oath faithfully to execute the duties of a judge at such meeting with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability. Such judges shall decide upon the qualification of the voters and shall report the number of shares represented at the meeting and entitled to vote on such questions, shall conduct and accept the votes, and, when the voting is completed, shall ascertain and report the number of shares voted respectively for and against the question. Reports of judges shall be in writing and subscribed and delivered by them to the Secretary of the Corporation. The judges need not be stockholders of the Corporation, and any officer of the Corporation may be a judge on any question other than a vote for or against a proposal in which he shall have a material interest. ARTICLE III BOARD OF DIRECTORS Section 3.0l. GENERAL POWERS. The property, business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by the Board. -7- 8 Section 3.02. NUMBER AND TERM OF OFFICE. The authorized number of directors shall be such number as shall be determined from time to time by a resolution adopted by a majority of the Board or by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than a majority of the total voting power of all outstanding shares of voting stock of the Corporation. Each of the directors of the Corporation shall hold office until his successor shall have been duly elected and shall qualify or until he shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner hereafter provided. Section 3.03. ELECTION OF DIRECTORS. The directors shall be elected by the stockholders of the Corporation, and at each election the persons receiving the greatest number of votes, up to the number of directors then to be elected, shall be the persons then elected. The election of directors is subject to any provisions contained in the Certificate of Incorporation relating thereto, including any provisions for cumulative voting. Section 3.04. RESIGNATIONS. Any director of the Corporation may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board or to the Secretary of the Corporation. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, or, if the time be not specified, it shall take effect immediately upon its receipt; and unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Section 3.05. VACANCIES. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, any vacancy in the Board, whether because of death, resignation, disqualification, an increase in the number of directors, or any other cause, may be -8- 9 filled by vote of the majority of the remaining directors, although less than a quorum. Each director so chosen to fill a vacancy shall hold office until is successor shall have been elected and shall qualify or until he shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner hereafter provided. Section 3.06. PLACE OF MEETING, ETC. The Board may hold any of its meetings at such place or places within or without the State of Delaware as the Board may from time to time by resolution designate or as shall be designated by the person or persons calling the meeting or in the notice or a waiver of notice of any such meeting. Directors may participate in any regular or special meeting of the Board by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment pursuant to which all persons participating in the meeting of the Board can hear each other, and such participation shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. Section 3.07. FIRST MEETING. The Board shall meet as soon as practicable after each annual election of directors and notice of such first meeting shall not be required. Section 3.08. REGULAR MEETINGS. Regular meetings of the Board may be held at such times as the Board shall from time to time by resolution determine. If any day fixed for a regular meeting shall be a legal holiday at the place where the meeting is to be held, then the meeting shall be held at the same hour and place on the next succeeding business day not a legal holiday. Except as provided by law, notice of regular meetings need not be given. -9- 10 Section 3.09. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the Board may be called by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or the President and shall be called by the President or Secretary on the written request of two directors. Notice of all special meetings of the Board shall be given to each director at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation as follows: (a) by first-class mail, postage prepaid, deposited in the United States mail in the city where the principal office of the Corporation is located at least five (5) days before the date of such meeting; or (b) by telegram, charges prepaid, such notice to be delivered to the telegraph company in the city of the principal office of the Corporation at least forty-eight (48) hours before the time of holding such meeting; or (c) by personal delivery at least twenty-four (24) hours prior to the time of holding such meeting. Such notice may be waived by any director and any meeting shall be a legal meeting without notice having been given if all the directors shall be present thereat or if those not present shall, either before or after the meeting, sign a written waiver of notice of, or a consent to, such meeting or shall after the meeting sign the approval of the minutes thereof. All such waivers consents or approvals shall be filed with the corporate records or be made a part of the minutes of the meeting. Section 3.10. QUORUM AND MANNER OF ACTING. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these -10- 11 Bylaws or by a law, the presence of a majority of the total number of directors then in office shall be required to constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws or by law, all matters shall be decided at any such meeting, a quorum being present, by the affirmative votes of a majority of the directors present. In the absence of a quorum, a majority of directors present at any meeting may adjourn the same from time to time until a quorum shall be present. Notice of any adjourned meeting need not be given. The directors shall act only as a Board, and the individual directors shall have no power as such. Section 3.11. ACTION BY CONSENT. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if a written consent thereto is signed by all members of the Board or of such committee, as the case may be, and such written consent is filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. Section 3.12. COMPENSATION. The directors shall receive only such compensation for their services as directors as may be allowed by resolution of the Board. The Board may also provide that the Corporation shall reimburse each such director for any expense incurred by him on account of his attendance at any meetings of the Board or Committees of the Board. Neither the payment of such compensation nor the reimbursement of such expenses shall be construed to preclude any director from serving -11- 12 the Corporation or its subsidiaries in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Section 3.13. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. There may be an Executive Committee of three or more directors appointed by the Board, who may meet at stated times, or on notice to all by any of their own number, during the intervals between the meetings of the Board; they shall advise and aid the officers of the Corporation in all matters concerning its interest and the management of its business, and generally perform such duties and exercise such powers as may be directed or delegated by the Board from time to time. To the full extent permitted by law, the Board may delegate to such committee authority to exercise all the powers of the Board while the Board is not in session. Vacancies in the membership of the committee shall be filled by the Board at a regular meeting or at a special meeting for that purpose. The Executive Committee shall keep written minutes of its meeting and report the same to the Board when required. The provisions of Sections 3.08, 3.09, 3.10 and 3.11 of these Bylaws shall apply, MUTATIS MUTANDIS, to any Executive Committee of the Board. Section 3.14. OTHER COMMITTEES. The Board may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole Board, designate one or more other committees, each such committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. To the full extent permitted by law, any such committee shall have and may exercise such powers and authority as the Board may designate in such resolution. Vacancies in the membership of a committee shall be filled by the Board at a regular meeting or a special meeting for -12- 13 that purpose. Any such committee shall keep written minutes of its meeting and report the same to the Board when required. The provisions of Sections 3.08, 3.09, 3.10 and 3.11 of these Bylaws shall apply, MUTATIS MUTANDIS, to any such committee of the Board. ARTICLE IV OFFICERS Section 4.0l. NUMBER. The officers of the corporation shall be a Chairman of the Board, a President, a Secretary and a Chief Financial Officer. The Board may also elect a Chief Executive Officer, one or more vice presidents, one or more Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Chief Financial Officers. A person may hold more than one office providing the duties thereof can be consistently performed by the same person. Section 4.02. OTHER OFFICERS. The Board may appoint such other officers as it shall deem necessary who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the Board. Section 4.03. ELECTION. Each of the officers of the Corporation, except such officers as may be appointed in accordance with the provisions of Section 4.02 or Section 4.05 of this Article, shall be chosen annually by the Board and shall hold his office until be shall resign or shall be removed or otherwise disqualified to serve, or his successor shall be elected and qualified. Section 4.04. SALARIES. The salaries of all officers of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board. -13- 14 Section 4.05. REMOVAL; VACANCIES. Subject to the express provisions of a contract authorized by the Board, any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, at any time by the Board or by any officer upon whom such power of removal may be conferred by the Board. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation shall be filled by the Board. Section 4.06. THE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD. The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and directors and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board or by applicable law. He shall be an ex-officio member of standing committees, if so provided in the resolutions of the Board appointing the members of such committees. Section 4.06A. The Chief Executive Officer, if elected by the Board, shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation and shall have such other powers and duties as may be prescribed by the Board. Section 4.07. THE PRESIDENT. The President shall be the managing officer of the Corporation. Subject to the control of the Chief Executive Officer or, if no Chief Executive Officer is elected, the Board, the President shall have general supervision, control and management of the affairs and business of the Corporation, and general charge and supervision of all officers, agents and employees of the Corporation; shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board are carried into effect; shall, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board, preside at all meetings of the stockholders and Board; and in general shall exercise all -14- 15 powers and perform all duties incident to President and managing officer of the Corporation and such other powers and duties as may from time to time be assigned to him by the Board or as may be prescribed in these Bylaws. The President may execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts requiring a seal, under the seal of the Corporation, except where required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board to some other officer or agent of the Corporation. The President shall be an ex-officio member of standing committees, if so provided in the resolutions of the Board appointing the members of such committees. Section 4.08. THE VICE PRESIDENTS. In the absence of the President or in the event or his inability or refusal to act, the Vice President (or in the event there be more than one Vice President, the Vice Presidents in the order designated, or in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their election) shall perform the duties of the President, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President. The Vice Presidents shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board may from time to time prescribe. Section 4.09. THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings of the meetings of the Corporation and of the Board in a book to be kept -15- 16 for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing and special committees of the Board when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board or President, under whose supervision he shall act. He shall have custody of the corporate seal of the Corporation and he, or an assistant secretary, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by is signature or by the signature of such assistant secretary. The Board may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by his signature. The assistant secretary, or if there be more than one, the assistant secretaries in the order determined by the Board (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election), shall, in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of his inability or his refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board may from time to time prescribe. Section 4.l0. THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. The Chief Financial Officer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board. -16- 17 He shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board making proper vouchers for such disburse ments, and shall render to the President and the Board, at its regular meetings, or when the Board so requires, an account of all his transactions as Chief Financial Officer and of the financial condition of the Corporation. If required by the Board, he shall give the corporation a bond (which shall be renewed every six years) in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board for the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation. Section 4.11. THE ASSISTANT CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER. The Assistant Chief Financial Officer, or if there be more than one, the Assistant Chief Financial Officers in the order determined by the Board (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election), shall, in the absence of the Chief Financial Officer or in the event of his inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chief Financial Officer and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board may from time to time prescribe. ARTICLE V CONTRACTS, CHECKS, DRAFTS, BANK ACCOUNTS, ETC. Section 5.01. CHECKS, DRAFTS, ETC. All checks, drafts or other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidence of -17- 18 indebtedness payable by the Corporation and all contracts or agreements shall be signed by such person or persons and in such manner as, from time to time, shall be determined by resolution of the Board. Each such person or persons shall give such bond, if any, as the Board may require. Section 5.02. DEPOSITS. All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited from time to time to the credit of the Corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the Board may select, or as may be selected by any officer or officers, assistant or assistants, agent or agents, or attorney or attorneys of the Corporation to whom such power shall have been delegated by the Board. For the purpose of deposit and for the purpose of collection for the account of the Corporation, the President, any Vice President or the Chief Financial Officer (or any other officer or officers, assistant or assistants, agent or agents, or attorney or attorneys of the Corporation who shall from time to time be determined by the Board) may endorse, assign and deliver checks, drafts and other orders for the payment of money which are payable to the order of the Corporation. Section 5.03. GENERAL AND SPECIAL BANK ACCOUNTS. The Board may from time to time authorize the opening and keeping of general and special bank accounts with such banks, trust companies or other depositories as the Board may select or as may be selected by any officer or officers, assistant or assistants, agent or agents, or attorney or attorneys of the Corporation to whom such power shall have been delegated by the Board. The Board may make such special rules and regulations with respect to such bank -18- 19 accounts, not inconsistent with the provisions of these Bylaws, as it may deem expedient. ARTICLE VI SHARES AND THEIR TRANSFER Section 6.01. CERTIFICATES FOR STOCK. Every owner of stock of the Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate or certificates, to be in such form as the Board shall prescribe, certifying the number and class of shares of the stock of the Corporation owned by him. The certificates representing shares of such stock shall be numbered in the order in which they shall be issued and shall be signed in the name of the Corporation by the Chairman, Vice Chairman or President or a Vice President, and by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or the Chief Financial Officer or an Assistant Chief Financial Officer. Any of or all of the signatures on the certificates may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon, any such certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, such certificate may nevertheless be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as though the person who signed such certificate or whose facsimile signature shall have been placed thereupon, were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. A record shall be kept of the respective names of the persons, firms or corporations owning the stock represented by such certificates, the number and class of shares represented by such certificates, respectively, and the respective dates thereof, and in case of cancellation the -19- 20 respective dates of cancellation. Every certificate surrendered to the Corporation for exchange or transfer shall be cancelled, and no new certificate or certificates shall be issued in exchange for any existing certificate until such existing certificate shall have been so cancelled, except in cases provided for in Section 6.04. Section 6.02. TRANSFERS OF STOCK. Transfers of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be made only on the books of the Corporation by the registered holder thereof, or by his attorney thereunto authorized by power of attorney duly executed and filed with the Secretary, or with a transfer clerk or a transfer agent appointed as provided in Section 6.03, and upon surrender of the certificate or certificates for such shares properly endorsed and the payment of all taxes thereon. The person in whose name shares of stock stand on the books of the Corporation shall be deemed the owner thereof for all purposes as regards the Corporation. Whenever any transfer of shares shall be made for collateral security, and not absolutely, such fact shall be so expressed in the entry of transfer if, when the certificate or certificates shall be presented to the Corporation for transfer, both the transferor and the transferee request the Corporation to do so. Section 6.03. REGULATIONS. The Board may make such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient, not inconsistent with these Bylaws, concerning the issue, transfer and registration of certificates for shares of the stock of the Corporation. It may appoint, or authorize any officer or officers to appoint, one or more transfer clerks or one or more transfer agents and one or -20- 21 more registrars, and may require all certificates for stock to bear the signature or signatures of any of them. Section 6.04. LOST, STOLEN, DESTROYED, AND MUTILATED CERTIFICATES. In any case of loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any certificate of stock, another may be issued in its place upon proof of such loss, theft, destruction or mutilation and upon the giving of a bond of indemnity to the Corporation in such form and in such sum as the Board may direct; provided, however, that a new certificate may be issued without requiring any bond when, in the judgment of the Board, it is proper so to do. Section 6.05. FIXING DATE FOR DETERMINATION OF STOCKHOLDERS OF RECORD. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any other change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other action. If in any case involving the determination of stockholders for any purpose other than notice of or voting at a meeting of stockholders the Board shall not fix such a record date, the record date for determining stockholders for such purpose shall be the close of business on the day on which the Board shall adopt the resolution relating thereto. A determination of stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting -21- 22 of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of such meeting; provided, however, that the Board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting. ARTICLE VII INDEMNIFICATION The Corporation shall indemnify to the full extent authorized by law any person made or threatened to be made a party to an action or proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he, his testator or intestate is or was a director, officer or employee of the Corporation or any predecessor of the Corporation or serves or served any other enterprise as a director, officer or employee at the request of the Corporation or any predecessor of the Corporation. ARTICLE VIII MISCELLANEOUS Section 8.0l. SEAL. The Board shall provide a corporate seal, which shall be in the form of a circle and shall bear the name of the Corporation and words and figures showing that the Corporation was incorporated in the State of Delaware and the year of incorporation. Section 8.02 WAIVER OF NOTICES. Whenever notice is required to be given by these Bylaws or the Certificate of Incorporation or by law, the person entitled to said notice may waive such notice in writing, either before or after the time stated therein, and such waiver shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Section 8.03. FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall begin the first day of September in each year. -22- 23 Section 8.04. AMENDMENTS. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws and applicable law, these Bylaws or any of them may be amended or repealed and new Bylaws may be adopted (a) by the Board, or (b) by the stockholders entitled to vote, at an annual meeting of stockholders, without previous notice, or at any special meeting of stockholders, provided that notice of such proposed amendment, repeal or adoption is given in the notice of special meeting. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, any Bylaws adopted or amended by the stockholders may be amended or repealed by the Board or the stockholders. Section 8.05. VOTING STOCK. Any person so authorized by the Board, and in the absence of such authorization, the Chairman of the Board, the President or any Vice President, shall have full power and authority on behalf of the Corporation to attend and to act and vote at any meeting of the stockholders of any corporation in which the Corporation may hold stock and at any such meeting shall possess and may exercise any and all rights and powers which are incident to the ownership of such stock and which as the owner thereof the Corporation might have possessed and exercised if present. The Board by resolution from time to time may confer like powers upon any other person or persons. -23-