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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
|X| ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 1998
|_| TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File #0-9623
UST Corp.
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(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Massachusetts 04-2436093
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
40 Court Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02108
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
(617) 726-7000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
None
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, Par Value $0.625
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. Yes |X| No |_|
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405
of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the
best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements
incorporated by Reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this
Form 10-K. |X|
The number of shares of common stock held by nonaffiliates of the registrant as
of March 8, 1999 was 38,154,996 for an aggregate market value of $810,793,665.
At March 8, 1999, there were 42,664,732 shares of common stock outstanding, par
value $0.625 per share.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant's proxy statement for the 1999 Annual Meeting are
incorporated by reference in Items 10, 11, 12 and 13 of Part III.
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table of contents
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PART I
item 1 Business 3
item 2 Properties 9
item 3 Legal Proceedings 9
item 4 Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders 9
PART II
item 5 Market for the Registrant's Common Stock and Related Security Holder Matters 10
item 6 Selected Financial Data 11
item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 12
Financial Condition at December 31, 1998 12
Results of Operations 23
item 7a Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 32
item 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Material 33
item 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 67
PART III
item 10 Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant 68
item 11 Executive Compensation 69
item 12 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management 69
item 13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions 70
PART IV
item 14 Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K 71
Signatures 75
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PART I
item 1. business
general description of business
UST Corp. (the "Company"), a bank holding company registered with the Board of
Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve Board"), was
organized as a Massachusetts business corporation in 1967. The Company is also
subject to examination by, and is required to file reports with, the
Commissioner of Banks of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (the "Massachusetts
Commissioner"). As of December 31, 1998, the Company's banking subsidiaries were
USTrust and United States Trust Company ("USTC"), each headquartered in Boston
and chartered under Massachusetts law. USTrust and USTC are sometimes hereafter
collectively referred to as the "Subsidiary Banks. " All of the capital stock of
the Subsidiary Banks is owned directly or indirectly by the Company. In
addition, the Company owns, directly or indirectly through its Subsidiary Banks,
all of the outstanding stock of seven active nonbanking subsidiaries, all
Massachusetts corporations: Firestone Financial Corp. ("Firestone") (and its
Canadian subsidiary, Firestone Financial Canada, Ltd.), UST Leasing Corporation,
UST Capital Corp., UST Realty Trust, Inc., UST Auto Lease Corp. and Cambridge
Trade Finance Corp. as well as seven subsidiaries which hold foreclosed real
estate and real estate owned by the Company and its subsidiaries and six
subsidiaries which are passive holders of securities. All of the subsidiaries,
except Firestone Financial Canada Ltd. (which was organized under the laws of
the Canadian province of Ontario) were organized under Massachusetts law.
The Company engages in one line of business, that of providing financial
services through its banking and nonbanking subsidiaries. A broad range of
financial services is provided principally to individuals and small- and
medium-sized companies in New England including those located in low- and
moderate-income neighborhoods within the Company's defined Community
Reinvestment Act assessment area. In addition, an important component of the
Company's financial services is the provision of trust and money management
services to professionals, corporate executives, nonprofit organizations, labor
unions, foundations, mutual funds and owners of closely-held businesses most of
whom are located in the New England region.
As of the close of business on December 31, 1998, the Company's total
assets were approximately $5.9 billion and USTrust, the lead bank, represented
more than 99 percent of the Company's consolidated assets.
the subsidiary banks
The Subsidiary Banks are engaged in a general banking business and accept
deposits which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC")
under the Bank Insurance Fund and the Savings Association Insurance Fund.
USTrust provides a full range of commercial and consumer financial services.
USTC, which has full banking powers and accepts deposits which are insured by
the FDIC, focuses its activities on providing trust, money management and
venture capital services.
recent developments
Pending Acquisition of Brewer & Lord LLP
On December 17, 1998, USTrust entered into an Acquisition Agreement with Brewer
& Lord LLP, and its limited partners, a Massachusetts limited liability
partnership headquartered in Norwell, Massachusetts and engaged in the insurance
agency business. Pursuant to the terms of the Acquisition Agreement, USTrust
will acquire Brewer & Lord for cash by causing a newly-formed Massachusetts
limited liability company to be merged with Brewer & Lord, with the limited
liability company as the surviving entity to be known as "Brewer & Lord LLC."
Through its nine offices, Brewer & Lord provides personal, commercial and
employee benefit-related insurance products to consumers and businesses located
primarily in Massachusetts. Subject to the receipt of required regulatory
approvals, including those of the Massachusetts Commissioner of Banks and the
Massachusetts Commissioner of Insurance, USTrust anticipates that it will
complete the acquisition of Brewer & Lord during the second quarter of 1999.
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business services
The Subsidiary Banks provide a broad range of banking services including
deposit, investment, cash management, payroll, wire transfer, leasing, merchant
credit card and lending services throughout New England. Commercial and
industrial lending takes the form primarily of direct loans and includes lines
of credit, revolving credit, domestic and foreign letters of credit, term loans,
mortgage loans, receivable, inventory and equipment loans and other specialized
lending services. Furthermore, the Company provides additional services to small
business customers through utilization of government sponsored and assisted loan
programs. USTrust is certified by the SBA as a "Small Business Administration
Lender." Through Firestone and UST Leasing Corp., the Company provides small
business equipment finance and lease services. The Company also intends to begin
in 1999 to provide leasing services for "large ticket" equipment financing to
customers located both in New England and throughout the United States. USTC
provides deposit services and other banking services, but focuses its activities
on money management, trust and venture capital services. In 1998, the Company,
through a newly organized subsidiary, Cambridge Trade Finance Corp., began
offering short-term financing in connection with international transactions
involving import and export of goods. The Company provides a broad range of cash
management services to a number of municipalities and government agencies in
Massachusetts. At December 31, 1998, the combined lending limit to a single
borrower of USTrust was approximately $75 million.
consumer services
Consumer services are provided by the Subsidiary Banks to customers in their
geographic areas. These services include savings and checking accounts, NOW and
money market accounts, consumer loans, credit cards (through a private label
arrangement), ATM and debit cards, safe deposit box facilities, travelers'
checks and foreign exchange into several major foreign currencies. Consumer
loans include home equity loans and lines of credit, automobile loans, personal
loans and loans to finance education costs as well as open-ended credit. The
Company also provides residential mortgage origination services. Furthermore,
USTrust maintains a residential mortgage servicing capacity for its own
portfolio and for third parties. As of December 31, 1998, the aggregate
principal amount of mortgages serviced by the Company for its own account was
approximately $1.1 billion. The Company also offers automobile leasing services
to customers through UST Auto Lease Corp. Automobile loan and lease volume
increased substantially in 1998 and reached a level of approximately $1.0
billion as of December 31, 1998. The Subsidiary Banks currently have an
aggregate of 87 offices and the Company maintains an automated teller machine
system which, through membership in various networks, provides the Company's
customers with access to their accounts at locations throughout the world. Most
of the Company's proprietary ATM machines provide information to customers in
English, Spanish and Portuguese, and also provide information adapted for the
visually impaired. As of December 31, 1998, the Company operated a network of
117 ATMs. In addition, through its membership in the SUM surcharge free network,
USTrust customers have access to almost 1,200 ATMs in Massachusetts at which a
surcharge is not imposed on USTrust customers.
investment services
The Investment Group located at USTrust was formed in 1994. The Investment Group
utilizes the services of Commonwealth Financial Network, an unaffiliated,
licensed broker-dealer, and offers to customers investments in mutual funds
(whose investments are managed by nonaffiliated third parties), Treasury Bills,
Treasury Notes, corporate bonds, state, federal and municipal bonds and variable
annuities as well as discount brokerage services.
real estate loans and services
The Subsidiary Banks and UST Realty Trust, Inc., a real estate investment trust
(REIT), provide a broad range of industrial and commercial real estate lending
services and other related financial products. The Company also provides real
estate construction loans to developers of projects in the cities and towns
served by USTrust's branch system. In addition, as previously noted, USTrust is
engaged in residential mortgage origination and servicing.
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asset and money management and trust services
Asset and money management, custodial and trust services are provided by USTC.
In addition, USTC provides services as executor, administrator and trustee of
estates and acts, under the terms of agreements, in various capacities such as
escrow agent, bond trustee and trustee and agent of pension, profit sharing and
other employee benefit trusts. At December 31, 1998, the total assets under
management of USTC were approximately $3.5 billion. Approximately 30% of total
assets under management are those of clients who have requested that their
assets be managed with specified social as well as financial investment
objectives in mind. USTC also serves as investment adviser to a balanced mutual
fund, the Boston Balanced Fund.
securities portfolios maintained by the company
The Subsidiary Banks, both directly and through wholly-owned Massachusetts
securities corporations, maintain securities portfolios consisting primarily of
U.S. Treasury, U.S. Government Agency, and corporate and municipal securities.
The Subsidiary Banks own an aggregate of six Massachusetts securities
corporations. As Massachusetts securities corporations, these subsidiaries make
exclusively passive investments and serve the Company by buying, selling,
dealing in and holding securities eligible for investment by the Subsidiary
Banks
All of the Company's securities are deemed "available-for-sale" which
enhances the liquidity position of the Company and allows for flexibility in
management of interest rate risk. The securities portfolios of the Subsidiary
Banks also include certain other equity investments to the extent allowed within
limits prescribed by Massachusetts and federal law. Such investments currently
include, among others, equity interests in the Massachusetts Housing Investment
Corporation's Limited Partnership Equity Fund for Affordable Housing. The
Treasury Division of the Company provides securities portfolio advisory services
to the Company's Subsidiary Banks. USTrust is also a member of the Federal Home
Loan Bank of Boston. This membership provides USTrust with access to an
additional source of funds.
principal nonbanking subsidiaries
Firestone Financial Corp. organized in 1965 and which became a subsidiary of
USTrust in 1997, provides small business equipment financing services to
companies headquartered throughout the United States. Firestone's principal
market consists of small businesses that operate various types of coin-operated
amusement equipment and vending machines, as well as owners/operators of
dry-cleaning, coin-operated laundry equipment and amusement rides. Firestone
also provides similar services to Canadian companies through its wholly-owned
subsidiary, Firestone Financial Canada Ltd., a Canadian entity. As of December
31, 1998, Firestone's total assets were approximately $89 million.
UST Leasing Corporation, a subsidiary of USTrust organized in 1987,
provides a broad range of equipment leasing services to corporations
headquartered throughout the United States. UST Leasing Corporation offers a
line of leasing products designed to meet the needs of the Company's small
business customers and other business entities with similar needs. As of
December 31, 1998, UST Leasing Corporation's total assets were approximately $80
million.
UST Auto Lease Corp., a subsidiary of USTrust organized in 1997, provides
automobile leasing services to consumers and corporations headquartered
throughout New England. As of December 31, 1998, UST Auto Lease Corp.'s total
assets were approximately $97 million.
UST Realty Trust, Inc., an indirect subsidiary of USTrust, was organized in
1998. It functions as a real estate investment trust (REIT) which holds, and may
from time to time originate, real estate loans and participations in such loans.
UST Capital Corp., organized in 1961 and acquired by the Company in 1969,
is a subsidiary of USTC and is a licensed Small Business Investment Company. It
specializes in equity and long-term debt financing for growth-oriented
companies.
Cambridge Trade Finance Corp., organized in 1998, is a direct subsidiary of
the Company. It is primarily engaged in short-term financing of international
transactions involving import and export of goods.
competitive conditions
The Company's banking and nonbanking subsidiaries face substantial competition
throughout Massachusetts. This competition is provided by commercial banks,
savings banks, credit unions, consumer finance companies, mortgage companies,
insurance companies and agencies, mutual funds, government agencies, investment
management companies,
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investment advisors, brokers and investment bankers. Most of these entities are
actively engaged in marketing various types of loans, deposits, investment
products and other financial services. Quality of service to customers, price of
products, breadth of its range of products and services and ease of
accessibility to facilities are among the principal methods of meeting
competition in the banking and financial services industries.
supervision and regulation of the company and its subsidiaries
general
As a bank holding company registered under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956,
as amended (the "BHC Act"), the Company is subject to substantial regulation and
supervision by the Federal Reserve Board. As state-chartered banks, the
Subsidiary Banks are subject to substantial regulation and supervision by the
FDIC and the applicable state bank regulatory agency. Such regulatory oversight
is often intended primarily for the protection of depositors or is aimed at
carrying out broad public policy goals that may not be directly related to the
financial services provided by the Company and its subsidiaries. Supervision,
regulation and examination of the Subsidiary Banks by the bank regulatory
agencies is not intended for the protection of the Company's security holders.
Federal and state banking and other laws impose a number of requirements and
restrictions on the business operations, investments and other activities of
depository institutions and their affiliates.
general supervision and regulation
The Company, as a bank holding company under the BHC Act, is registered with the
Federal Reserve Board and is regulated under the provisions of the BHC Act.
Under the BHC Act the Company is prohibited, with certain exceptions, from
acquiring direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5 percent of the
voting shares of any company which is not a bank and from engaging in any
business other than that of banking, managing or controlling banks or furnishing
services to, or acquiring premises for, its Subsidiary Banks, except that the
Company may engage in, and own voting shares of companies engaging in, certain
activities determined by the Federal Reserve Board, by order or by regulation,
to be so closely related to banking or to managing or controlling banks "as to
be a proper incident thereto."
The Company is required by the BHC Act to file with the Federal Reserve
Board an annual report and such additional reports and notices as the Federal
Reserve Board may require. The Federal Reserve Board also makes periodic
inspections of the Company and its subsidiaries. The BHC Act requires every bank
holding company to obtain the prior approval of the Federal Reserve Board before
it may acquire substantially all of the assets of any bank, or ownership or
control of any voting shares of any bank, if, after such acquisition, it would
own or control, directly or indirectly, more than 5 percent of the voting shares
of such bank.
Because the Company is also a bank holding company under the Massachusetts
General Laws, the Massachusetts Commissioner has authority to require certain
reports from the Company from time to time and to examine the Company and each
of its subsidiaries. The Massachusetts Commissioner also has enforcement powers
designed to prevent banks from engaging in unfair methods of competition or
unfair or deceptive acts or practices involving consumer transactions. Prior
approval of the Massachusetts Board of Bank Incorporation is also required
before the Company may acquire any additional banks located in Massachusetts or
in other jurisdictions.
The location of nonbank subsidiaries of the Company is not restricted
geographically under the BHC Act. The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and
Branching Act of 1994 ("the Riegle-Neal Act") permits adequately capitalized and
managed bank holding companies to acquire control of banks in any state.
Additionally, as of June 1, 1997, the Riegle-Neal Act authorizes banks to branch
across state lines, provided that individual states did not elect to "opt out"
of interstate banking entirely. In 1996, Massachusetts adopted legislation (the
"Massachusetts Interstate Act") pursuant to which Massachusetts "opted in" to
interstate banking. The Massachusetts Interstate Act also allows Massachusetts
banks to establish and maintain branches through a merger or consolidation with
or by the purchase of the whole or any part of the assets or stock of any
out-of-state bank or through de novo branch establishment in any state other
than Massachusetts so long as such state permits Massachusetts banks to operate
in the same manner in such state.
The Subsidiary Banks, whose deposits are insured by the FDIC, and the
subsidiaries of such banks are subject to a number of regulatory restrictions,
including certain restrictions upon: (i) extensions of credit to the Company and
the Company's nonbanking affiliates (collectively with the Company, the
"Affiliates"); (ii) the purchase of assets from
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Affiliates; (iii) the issuance of a guarantee or acceptance of a letter of
credit on behalf of Affiliates; and (iv) investments in stock or other
securities issued by Affiliates or acceptance thereof as collateral for an
extension of credit. In addition, all transactions among the Company and its
direct and indirect subsidiaries must be made on an arm's length basis and
valued on fair market terms. During those periods when assessments are made by
the FDIC to banks placed in the same risk category as the Subsidiary Banks, the
Subsidiary Banks pay deposit insurance premiums to the FDIC.
Federal Reserve Board policy requires bank holding companies to serve as a
source of strength to their subsidiary banks by standing ready to use available
resources to provide adequate capital funds to subsidiary banks during periods
of financial stress or adversity. A bank holding company also can be liable
under certain provisions of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
Improvement Act of 1991 ("FDICIA") for the capital deficiencies of an
undercapitalized bank subsidiary. In the event of a bank holding company's
bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, the trustee will be
deemed to have assumed and is required to cure immediately any deficit under any
commitment by the debtor to any of the federal banking agencies to maintain the
capital of an insured depository institution, and any claim for breach of such
obligation will generally have priority over most other unsecured claims. Under
the cross-guarantee provisions of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, if any or
all of the Subsidiary Banks were placed in conservatorship or receivership, the
Company, as direct or indirect sole stockholder, would likely lose its
investment in the applicable Subsidiary Bank or Subsidiary Banks, and, in
addition, its investment in its other Subsidiary Bank or Subsidiary Banks would
be at risk.
In addition, under both Section 106 of the 1970 Amendments to the BHC Act
and regulations which have been issued by the Federal Reserve Board, the Company
and its subsidiaries are prohibited from engaging in certain tie-in arrangements
in connection with any extension of credit, lease or sale of any property or the
furnishing of any service. Various consumer laws and regulations also affect the
operations of the Subsidiary Banks.
The Subsidiary Banks, which are chartered under Massachusetts law, are
subject to federal requirements to maintain cash reserves against deposits, and
to State mandated restrictions upon the nature and amount of loans which may be
made by the banks (including restrictions upon loans to "insiders" of the
Company and its Subsidiary Banks) as well as to restrictions relating to
dividends, investments, branching and other bank activities.
FDICIA prescribes the supervisory and regulatory actions that will be taken
against undercapitalized insured depository institutions for the purpose of
promptly resolving problems at such institutions at the least possible long-term
loss to the FDIC. Five categories of depository institutions have been
established by FDICIA in accordance with their capital levels: "well
capitalized," "adequately capitalized," "undercapitalized," "significantly
undercapitalized," and "critically undercapitalized." The federal banking
agencies have adopted uniform regulations to implement the prompt regulatory
action provisions of FDICIA.
FDICIA requires the appropriate regulatory agencies to take specific
actions against significantly undercapitalized institutions and undercapitalized
institutions that fail to submit acceptable capital restoration plans. An
undercapitalized institution is required to submit a capital restoration plan
for acceptance by the appropriate federal banking agency and will be subject to
close monitoring of both its condition and compliance with, and progress made
pursuant to, its capital restoration plan. An institution that fails to submit
an acceptable plan may be placed into conservatorship or receivership unless its
capital restoration plan is accepted. An undercapitalized institution will also
be subject to restrictions on asset growth, acquisitions, branching, new
activities, capital distributions and the payment of management fees. As of
December 31, 1998 both USTrust and USTC qualified as "well capitalized." (For
further information regarding the Company's and the Subsidiary Banks'
capitalization, please refer to Note 17 to Consolidated Financial Statements of
this Form 10-K.)
An insured institution that receives a less-than-satisfactory rating for
capital adequacy, asset quality, management, earnings, liquidity or sensitivity
to market risk may be deemed by its appropriate federal banking regulator to be
engaging in an unsafe or unsound practice for purposes of issuing an order to
cease and desist or to take certain affirmative actions. If the unsafe or
unsound practice is likely to weaken the institution, cause insolvency or
substantial dissipation of assets or earnings or otherwise seriously prejudice
the interest of depositors or the FDIC, a receiver or conservator could be
appointed. Finally, subject to certain exceptions, FDICIA requires critically
undercapitalized institutions to be placed into receivership or conservatorship
within 90 days after becoming critically undercapitalized.
The status of the Company as a registered bank holding company does not
exempt it from certain federal and state laws and regulations applicable to
corporations generally, including, without limitation, certain provisions of the
federal securities laws and the Massachusetts corporate laws. Federal bank
regulatory agencies, including the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC, have
broad enforcement powers to restrict the activities of financial institutions,
and to impose or seek the imposition of civil and/or criminal penalties upon
financial institutions, the individuals who manage or control such institutions
and "institution affiliated parties" of such entities.
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Pursuant to the Federal Community Reinvestment Act ("CRA") and similar
provisions of Massachusetts law, regulatory authorities review the performance
of the Company and its Subsidiary Banks in meeting the credit needs of the
communities served by the Subsidiary Banks. The applicable regulatory
authorities consider compliance with this law in connection with applications
for, among other things, approval of branches, branch relocations and
acquisitions of banks and bank holding companies. Currently the FDIC's CRA
rating of USTrust is "outstanding"; the FDIC does not rate USTC which it regards
as a "special purpose" bank. The Massachusetts Commissioner currently has given
USTrust a CRA rating of "outstanding" and USTC a CRA rating of "satisfactory."
In 1998, the Massachusetts Legislature adopted legislation which, for the
first time, authorizes Massachusetts chartered banks, such as the Subsidiary
Banks, to sell a broad range of insurance products. Shortly after the enactment
of this legislation and the promulgation of the enabling regulations, USTrust
announced its proposed acquisition of Brewer & Lord LLP. See "Recent
Developments - Pending Acquisition of Brewer & Lord LLP" above.
From time to time various proposals are made in the United States Congress,
as well as state legislatures, which would alter the powers of, and place
restrictions on, different types of bank organizations as well as bank and
nonbank activities. Such legislative proposals include proposals related to
expansion of bank powers and increased consumer compliance disclosure
requirements. From time to time, federal legislation is proposed which, if
adopted, would grant bank holding companies broader powers with respect to
insurance and securities activities. Under proposed federal legislation, broader
cross-ownership would be authorized among banking, insurance and securities
companies. At this time it is unclear whether such legislation (in any form)
will be adopted in the near term.
Over the past several years, the federal and state banking regulatory
agencies have issued guidance to the banking industry with respect to
appropriate measures which financial institutions should take to address risks
associated with the so-called "Year 2000" issue. In 1998 and 1999, the agencies
performed and are continuing to perform on-site visitations to determine each
bank or bank holding company's Year 2000 readiness. Failure to address any Year
2000 readiness deficiencies and concerns raised by the bank regulatory agencies
could have material adverse consequences to the Company. See "Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Year
2000" for a further discussion of these matters.
governmental policies, economic conditions and credit risk concentration
The earnings and business of the Company's subsidiaries are and will be affected
by a number of external influences, including general economic conditions in the
United States and particularly in New England and the policies of various
regulatory authorities of the United States, including the Federal Reserve
Board. The Federal Reserve Board regulates the supply of money and of bank
credit to influence general economic conditions within the United States and
throughout the world. From time to time, the Federal Reserve Board takes
specific steps to dampen domestic inflation and to control the country's money
supply. The instruments of monetary policy employed by the Federal Reserve Board
for these purposes (including the level of cash reserves, which banks, including
nonmember banks such as the Subsidiary Banks, are required to maintain against
deposits) influence in various ways the interest rates paid on interest-bearing
liabilities and the interest received on earning assets, and the overall level
of bank loans, investments and deposits. During 1998, the Massachusetts economy
was extremely robust: employment levels remained high; interest rates were at
historically low levels; levels of disposable income were high and capital
expenditures were strong. There can be no assurance that these strong local
economic conditions will continue. In addition, the impact upon the future
business and earnings of the Company of prospective economic conditions
throughout the United States, and of the policies of the Federal Reserve Board
as well as other federal regulatory authorities, cannot be predicted accurately.
During the period 1990 through 1993, the Company's primary loan market, the
New England region, suffered from a weak economic environment. The economic
climate contributed to a decline in real estate values and adversely affected
the net worth of certain borrowing customers of the Subsidiary Banks and the
Company's collateral position with respect to certain loans. The New England
regional economy, including the Company's principal markets, improved in the
mid-1990's, which aided the Company's loan workout efforts over the past several
years.
Most of the Company's loans outstanding are from borrowers located in its
Community Reinvestment Act delineated communities in Massachusetts and a
substantial portion of these loans are various types of real estate loans; still
others have real estate as additional collateral. At year-end 1998, the
Company's exposure to credit risk from borrowers who had real estate as their
primary collateral support included $1.8 billion of loans.
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general
No significant portion of the loans or deposits of any of the Company's Banking
Subsidiaries results from one or several accounts, the loss of which would
materially affect its business. The Company does not experience significant
seasonal fluctuations in its business. At December 31, 1998, The Federal Home
Loan Bank of Boston was a significant provider of funds to the Company. The
Company, however, does not believe that it would experience serious difficulty,
at this time, if it were required to find a source of funds to replace The
Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston.
employees
As of December 31, 1998, the Company and its subsidiaries had approximately
2,100 full-time and part-time employees.
item 2. properties
USTrust owns and occupies a twelve-story, 119,456 square foot brick and steel
building constructed in 1915 and located at Government Center, 30-40 Court
Street, Boston, Massachusetts, which houses the banking premises of USTrust,
USTC and the offices of the Company and most of its nonbanking subsidiaries.
The Company currently leases a three-story brick office building of
approximately 37,900 square feet at 196 Broadway, Cambridge, Massachusetts, all
of which is used by USTrust, as well as 34,423 square feet in an adjacent office
tower at 141 Portland Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts. USTrust also leases
approximately 26,080 square feet of space at 25-55 Court Street, Boston,
Massachusetts, which is used primarily to house staff support services. In
addition, USTrust leases 30,000 square feet at 315 University Avenue, Westwood,
Massachusetts to house its consumer lending staff. The Company also owns a
66,000 square foot building at 212 Elm Street, Somerville, Massachusetts and a
43,400 square foot building at 716 Main Street, Waltham, Massachusetts, each of
which is used to house both a branch and support staff functions for the
Company.
All of USTrust's branches are located in Eastern Massachusetts. Of its 87
branches, 44 locations are owned by USTrust and the remaining branch offices of
USTrust occupy leased premises.
The 1999 annual leasehold commitment for all premises leased by the
Company's subsidiaries, totals approximately $8.3 million not including expenses
related to tax or maintenance escalation provisions. Refer to Note 19 to the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-K.
In March 1999 the Company completed its due diligence with respect to the
proposed purchase of a new 123,000 square foot operations center at 20 Cabot
Road, Medford, Massachusetts. The results of that due diligence were
satisfactory and the Company expects to complete the purchase of the foregoing
property in mid-1999. Subsequent to that purchase, late in 1999, the Company
plans to sublease most of the space currently occupied by USTrust at the
Cambridge, Massachusetts locations discussed above.
item 3. legal proceedings
In the ordinary course of operations, the Company and its subsidiaries become
defendants in a variety of judicial and administrative proceedings. In the
opinion of management, however, there is no proceeding pending, or to the
knowledge of management threatened, which is likely to result in a material
adverse change in the financial condition or results of operations of the
Company and its subsidiaries.
item 4. submission of matters to a vote of security holders
None.
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PART II
item 5. market for the registrant's common stock and related security holder
matters
The common stock of the Company is traded over-the-counter and its price is
quoted on the Nasdaq National Market System. During the period January 1, 1997,
to December 31, 1998, the range of high and low sales prices for the Company's
common stock was as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997
----------------------------------------------------
Low High Low High
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1st Quarter $24.438 $28.375 $18.125 $21.938
2nd Quarter 25.625 30.187 18.625 23.250
3rd Quarter 16.500 28.125 20.938 26.125
4th Quarter 17.500 25.375 24.250 29.625
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Such over-the-counter market quotations reflect interdealer prices, without
retail markup, markdown or commission and may not represent actual transactions.
The number of holders of record of common stock of the Company was 3,853 at
December 31, 1998.
The Company declared cash dividends totaling $0.38 per share to each holder
of its common stock in 1997, and $0.54 per share to each holder of its common
stock in 1998. The amounts of the foregoing dividends have been restated to
reflect pooling-of-interests accounting treatment. Future dividends will depend
upon the financial condition and earnings of the Company and its subsidiaries,
their need for funds and other factors, including applicable government
regulations and the absence of regulatory objection.
10
11
item 6. selected financial data
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
consolidated summary of selected financial data (1)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts) 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Earnings data:
Interest income $ 428,645 $ 408,735 $ 355,412 $ 330,650 $ 286,061
Interest expense 176,330 178,205 164,519 146,630 110,733
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Net interest income 252,315 230,530 190,893 184,020 175,328
Provision (credit) for possible loan losses 2,239 3,100 (15,495) 15,920 28,024
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Net interest income after provision for possible loan losses 250,076 227,430 206,388 168,100 147,304
Noninterest income 48,804 41,674 42,636 39,266 39,191
Noninterest expense 209,233 190,244 159,649 153,796 159,994
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Income before income taxes 89,647 78,860 89,375 53,570 26,501
Income tax provision 34,361 28,644 32,762 19,732 10,545
---------- ----------- ----------- ---------- -----------
Net income $ 55,286 $ 50,216 $ 56,613 $ 33,838 $ 15,956
========== =========== =========== ========== ===========
Per share data:
Basic earnings per share $ 1.30 $ 1.20 $ 1.38 $ 0.82 $ 0.39
Diluted earnings per share $ 1.28 $ 1.18 $ 1.35 $ 0.81 $ 0.38
Cash dividend declared per share $ 0.54 $ 0.38 $ 0.29 $ 0.14 $ 0.08
Weighted average basic shares outstanding 42,378 41,760 41,061 41,090 40,800
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding 43,290 42,708 41,861 41,973 41,532
Consolidated average balances (2):
Total assets $5,589,034 $ 5,272,992 $ 4,648,202 $4,220,373 $ 4,084,363
Loans 4,090,568 3,718,167 3,066,626 2,892,980 2,728,017
Deposits 3,368,351 3,328,386 3,345,541 3,207,240 3,180,604
Funds borrowed (3) 884,140 829,830 838,979 583,066 501,799
Stockholders' investment 517,127 451,348 416,648 376,697 351,052
Consolidated ratios:
Net income to average total assets 0.99% 0.95% 1.22% 0.80% 0.39%
Net income to average stockholders' investment 10.69% 11.13% 13.59% 8.98% 4.55%
Average stockholders' investment to average total assets 9.25% 8.56% 8.96% 8.93% 8.60%
Net chargeoffs to average loans 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 1.0%
Reserve for possible loan losses to period end loans 1.5% 1.7% 1.8% 2.9% 3.2%
Average earning assets to average total assets 95.05% 94.86% 95.24% 94.87% 93.55%
Dividend payout ratio 42.19% 32.20% 21.48% 17.28% 21.05%
(1) This information should be read in connection with Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations appearing
elsewhere in this Form 10-K. All applicable prior-period data has been
restated to reflect certain acquisitions as poolings of interests. Refer to
Note 2 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion
of acquisitions.
(2) Average balances include the effect of fair value adjustments under SFAS
No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities."
(3) Funds borrowed include federal funds purchased, repurchase agreements,
borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank and other borrowings.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11
12
item 7. management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results
of operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the financial
statements, notes, and tables included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 1998. Certain amounts reported for prior periods
have been reclassified to conform to the 1998 presentation. All applicable
prior-period financial data presented has been restated to reflect the 1998
acquisitions of Somerset Savings Bank ("Somerset") and Affiliated Community
Bancorp, Inc. ("Affiliated"), and the 1997 acquisitions of Walden Bancorp, Inc.
("Walden") and Firestone Financial Corp. ("Firestone") as poolings of interests.
The discussion contains certain forward-looking statements regarding the future
performance of the Company. All forward-looking information is inherently
uncertain and actual results may differ materially from the assumptions,
estimates or expectations reflected or contained in the forward-looking
information. Please refer to "Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-looking
Information" in this Form 10-K for a further discussion.
highlights
For the third consecutive year, the Company's acquisition activities continued
to significantly impact its financial condition and results of operations. In
1998, the Company completed the acquisitions of Somerset, a $524 million
Massachusetts savings bank, and Affiliated, a $1.1 billion multi-bank holding
company. Also during the year, Somerset and the subsidiary banks of Affiliated
were merged with and into USTrust, the principal banking subsidiary of the
Company. In December 1998, the Company announced the execution of a definitive
agreement to acquire Brewer & Lord LLP, an eastern Massachusetts-based
independent insurance agency. Refer to Note 2 to the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements for a further discussion of acquisitions.
Net income for the year ended December 31, 1998, was $55.3 million, or
$1.28 per diluted share, compared with $50.2 million, or $1.18 per diluted share
last year. Results included merger-related and restructuring charges of $19.6
million in 1998 and $16.2 million in 1997. Excluding these merger-related and
restructuring charges in both years, 1998 after-tax income would have been $70.5
million, or $1.63 per diluted share, an increase of 14 percent over the $61.7
million, or $1.44 per diluted share last year. This year's earnings reflect a
$21.8 million, or 9 percent increase in net interest income due to earning asset
growth and favorable changes in liability mix and funding costs. Noninterest
income improved $7.1 million, or 17 percent, due to net realized gains from the
sale of securities and loans of $3.6 million and higher income from several
fee-based services. Asset quality continued to improve, and as a result, the
provision for possible loan loss decreased almost $1 million this year from
1997. Noninterest expense, excluding merger-related and restructuring charges,
increased $15.6 million. This reflects $5.4 million in Year 2000 readiness
expense and higher operating costs due to volume growth during a year of
transition as operating systems and processes of the acquired banks were
converted to USTrust.
financial condition at december 31, 1998
assets
Total assets at December 31, 1998 were $5.901 billion, a 7 percent increase from
$5.533 billion a year ago. Loans reflect growth of 8 percent, or $329 million to
$4.296 billion at year end. Growth in other assets reflects an investment in
bank-owned life insurance of $30 million. The investment provides life insurance
to the Company on certain executives and a favorable tax-exempt cash flow. Total
securities increased $82 million to $1.290 billion. Partially offsetting these
increases in assets was a $73 million decrease in federal funds sold to help
fund the growth in other earning assets.
12
13
Loans
The following table presents the composition of the loan portfolio:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commercial and financial $1,413,808 $1,076,980 $ 955,868 $ 821,790 $ 855,102
Commercial real estate:
Construction 55,989 109,787 109,818 102,053 93,136
Developer, investor and land 498,200 540,924 615,627 659,715 661,032
Commercial lease financing 76,053 56,260 46,480 31,663 28,858
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 1,085,353 1,371,021 1,376,112 979,983 974,179
Home equity 120,020 134,874 129,441 115,958 111,588
Indirect automobile installment (1) 909,605 605,486 302,044 197,148 90,255
Other consumer (1) 38,712 45,914 48,368 39,579 42,024
Indirect automobile lease financing 98,363 26,283
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total loans (2) 4,296,103 3,967,529 3,583,758 2,947,889 2,856,174
Reserve for possible loan losses (65,274) (68,539) (65,979) (84,245) (91,860)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
$4,230,829 $3,898,990 $3,517,779 $2,863,644 $2,764,314
========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
(1) Indirect automobile installment loans represent loans that have been
underwritten by the Company and originated, or sourced, by qualifying
in-market automobile dealers. Automobile loans originated directly by the
Company are not significant and are included with other consumer loans.
(2) Excluded from the loan balances at December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995 were
$4.0 million, $12.4 million and $14.2 million, respectively, in loans
held-for-sale, recorded at net realizable value and classified in other
assets.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Company's commercial loan and lease portfolios totaled $2.044 billion
at December 31, 1998, an increase of 15 percent, or $260 million over 1997. The
increase was due to net new loan originations and advances during the year and
the purchase of an $80 million commercial loan portfolio in the first quarter.
This year's commercial loan and lease growth was a strong improvement over the
1997 growth of 3 percent, or $56 million.
Residential loans decreased $286 million during 1998 to $1.085 billion due
to high levels of prepayment and normal amortization. The low interest rate
environment accelerated prepayment in this portfolio. A component of the
Affiliated acquisition was the residential mortgage loan origination division of
Lexington Savings Bank. Following the merger of Lexington with and into USTrust
during the fourth quarter of 1998, the Company began the expansion of
residential mortgage origination activities throughout all of USTrust branch and
retail service outlets. Prior to this acquisition, the Company's subsidiary
banks did not originate residential mortgages.
The indirect automobile loan portfolio experienced continued strong growth
in 1998. This portfolio totaled $910 million at December 31, 1998, and reflects
growth of 50 percent, or $304 million, this year compared with $303 million, in
1997. Management expects both the dollar volume and rate of growth in this
portfolio to moderate in 1999. The origination of these loans is subject to the
Company's credit quality standards and these loans are not what is referred to
in the industry as "subprime" automobile loans.
Beginning in the second half of 1997, indirect automobile lease financing
was made available through existing client automobile dealers. This portfolio
totaled $98 million at December 31, 1998, compared with $26 million a year ago.
These leases are also subject to the Company's credit quality standards and are
not "subprime" automobile leases.
13
14
Loan Maturity Distribution
The following table reflects the maturity and interest sensitivity of
commercial and financial, and commercial real estate loans, at December 31,
1998:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
After 1 Year
(Dollars in thousands) 1 Year or Less through 5 Years After 5 Years Total
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commercial and financial $716,686 $466,983 $230,139 $1,413,808
Commercial real estate:
Construction 23,114 28,826 4,049 55,989
Developer, investor and land 85,878 218,052 194,270 498,200
-------- -------- -------- ----------
$825,678 $713,861 $428,458 $1,967,997
======== ======== ======== ==========
Interest sensitivity of above loans
With predetermined interest rates $395,071 $498,370 $170,591 $1,064,032
With floating interest rates 455,778 209,379 238,808 903,965
-------- -------- -------- ----------
$850,849 $707,749 $409,399 $1,967,997
======== ======== ======== ==========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Company does not have an automatic rollover (renewal) policy for
maturing loans. Renewal requests are reviewed and approved in substantially the
same manner as applications by new customers for extensions of credit.
Additionally, any renewal of a loan rated Substandard or lower in the Company's
credit risk rating profile, requires the Workout Loan Department head approval
and for certain size loans and circumstances, the approval of the Senior Credit
Committee and Board of Directors.
Securities
Securities totaled $1.290 billion at December 31, 1998, an increase of $82
million from a year earlier. The increase reflects net purchases of $351 million
in 15-year U.S. Agency mortgage-backed securities while other securities
decreased $277 million. Upon the completion of the Somerset and Affiliated
acquisitions, the Company redesignated a total of $168 million of former
Somerset and Affiliated securities from held-to-maturity to securities
available-for-sale, consistent with the Company's historical policy of carrying
all securities as available-for-sale.
Included in the increase in securities was an increase in unrealized gain
on securities available-for-sale of $8 million to $13 million at December 31,
1998. The improvement reflects favorable pricing changes in bond and certain
equity investments during the year. Refer to Note 1 to the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements for a further discussion of the unrealized valuation
adjustment to market value of securities available-for-sale.
The change in the market value of securities available-for-sale also had
the effect of increasing stockholders' investment by $4 million. The unrealized
gain reported as part of stockholders' investment was $8 million, net of tax at
December 31, 1998.
The Company has a policy of purchasing securities primarily rated A, or
better, by Moody's Investors Services and U.S. Government securities to minimize
credit risk. As of December 31, 1998, $1.0 billion of the Company's
mortgage-backed securities were issued by agencies or sponsored agencies of the
U.S. Government, and $4 million were investment grade mortgage-backed securities
issued by nongovernment agencies. At December 31, 1998, none of the Company's
mortgage-backed securities would be classified as "high risk" under Federal
Financial Institutions Examination Council guidelines. All securities, however,
carry interest rate risk which affects their market value such that as market
yields increase, the value of the Company's securities declines and vice versa.
Additionally, mortgage-backed securities carry prepayment risk where expected
yields may not be achieved due to an inability to re-invest the proceeds from
unexpected prepayment at comparable yields. Moreover, such mortgage-backed
securities may not benefit from price appreciation in periods of declining rates
to the same extent as the remainder of the portfolio. Refer to Note 1 to the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, "Summary of Significant Accounting
Policies" of this Form 10-K for a further discussion of prepayment risk. At
December 31, 1998, the aggregate fair value of any individual issuer's
securities,
14
15
other than an agency or sponsored agency of the U.S. Government, did not exceed
10 percent of the Company's stockholders' investment. The following table sets
forth the book value of the securities owned by the Company:
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
----------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Available-for-sale:
Mortgage-backed securities $1,077,543 $535,714
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations 45,578 213,132
Obligations of states and political subdivisions* 6,828 2,024
Other securities 159,668 196,566
---------- --------
Total available-for-sale $1,289,617 $947,436
========== ========
Held-to-maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities $182,774
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government agencies and corporations 54,687
Other securities 22,846
--------
Total held-to-maturity $260,307
========
* Nontaxable
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following table presents maturities for the Company's debt securities
at December 31, 1998, and the approximate weighted tax equivalent yields (at the
statutory federal tax rate of 35 percent). Mortgage-backed securities are shown
at their remaining contractual principal maturities but are expected to have
shorter average lives. Considering this, the Company estimates the average life
of the entire portfolio to be approximately 4 years. Yields presented in this
table have been computed using the amortized cost of the securities.
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities Maturing In
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Year or Less After 1-Yr. through 5 5-Yrs. through 10 10 Yrs. or More
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) Balance Yield% Balance Yield% Balance Yield% Balance Yield%
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Available-for-sale:
Mortgage-backed securities $ 5,135 6.38% $ 34,995 6.48% $131,221 5.92% $897,159 5.95%
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. Government
agencies and corporations 4,959 4.49% 26,995 6.16% 13,165 6.94%
Obligations of states and political subdivisions 6,152 3.83% 401 4.43% 251 5.14%
Other debt securities 20 6.00% 37,907 6.57% 350 5.36% 17,726 6.91%
------- -------- -------- --------
Total $16,266 4.97% $100,298 6.42% $144,987 6.01% $914,885 6.00%
======= ======== ======== ========
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
liquidity and funding
Liquidity involves the Company's ability to raise or gain access to funds in
order to fulfill its existing and anticipated financial obligations. It may be
provided through amortization, maturity or sale of assets such as loans and
securities available-for-sale, liability sources such as increased deposits,
utilization of the Federal Home Loan Bank credit facility, borrowings from the
Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, purchased or other borrowed funds, and access to
the capital markets. The Company's securities portfolio is classified entirely
as available-for-sale, which provides the flexibility to sell certain securities
based upon changes in economic or market conditions, interest rate risk and the
Company's financial position and liquidity.
At December 31, 1998, liquidity, which includes excess cash, federal funds
sold and unpledged securities, totaled approximately $758 million, or 13 percent
of total assets.
The funds needed to support the Company's loan and securities portfolios
are provided through a combination of commercial and retail deposits and
short-term borrowings. Total deposits increased $68 million, or 2 percent,
15
16
to $4.234 billion since December 31, 1997. Noninterest-bearing deposits
increased $65 million while savings deposit growth, which includes NOW, money
market and regular savings, increased $216 million. These areas of deposit
growth reflect the Company's innovative deposit products and promotional
initiatives, as well as the synergies of a larger branch network, augmented by
acquisitions. Certificates of deposit decreased $214 million as the Company is
intentionally less competitive with these higher cost products. The savings
deposit balances also reflect a shift from NOW to money market deposits of
approximately $60 million since the beginning of the year. This reflects the
addition of the Affiliated banks and Somerset to USTrust's overnight deposit
sweep process. This process transfers certain NOW account balances to money
market accounts on a nightly basis and then returns the balances to a NOW
account status the following morning. The effect of this process, which has no
impact on an individual customer's account status, is a reduction of the cash
reserve balances required to be maintained at the Federal Reserve Bank. This
process has become a customary procedure for most large institutions and has
Federal Reserve Board approval. Short-term and other borrowings, which consist
principally of federal funds purchased, securities sold under agreement to
repurchase, and borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank, increased $246
million to $1.062 billion to support loan growth and securities purchases.
As shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, cash and cash
equivalents increased $6 million during 1998. Cash provided by operations
resulted largely from net income earned during the year. Cash used by investing
activities was due to an excess of purchases of securities and increased loan
volume over cash provided by securities sales and maturities, and reduction in
federal funds sold. Cash provided by financing activities was provided primarily
by increases in nontime deposits and borrowings, partially offset by reductions
in certificates of deposit.
At December 31, 1998, the Company on an unconsolidated basis had $5 million
in cash and due from banks and $15 million in short-term securities purchased
under agreement to resell, compared with $6 million and $4 million,
respectively, at December 31, 1997. The increase in excess funds was primarily
due to the receipt of $24 million in dividends from subsidiaries during the year
partially reduced by dividends paid to shareholders of $17 million. In addition,
a $1 million capital contribution and $2 million demand loan was granted to one
subsidiary, Cambridge Trade Finance Corp. ("CTFC"). CTFC, a new company formed
during the year, is a Massachusetts-based trade finance corporation specializing
in serving small- to mid-sized importers and exporters throughout New England.
Deposits
The following table sets forth the remaining maturities of certificates of
deposit in the amount of $100 thousand or more at December 31, 1998:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less than three months $185,656
Three to six months 39,437
Six to twelve months 37,958
Over twelve months 37,492
--------
Total $300,543
========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16
17
Short-term Borrowings
The Company's short-term borrowings consist primarily of federal funds
purchased, securities sold under agreements to repurchase and FHLB borrowings.
These instruments generally range from overnight to one month in duration.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
At December 31, For the Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weighted Average Maximum Amount Average Amount Weighted Average
(Dollars in thousands) Balance Interest Rate at Any Month End Outstanding Interest Rate
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Federal funds purchased:
1998 $278,695 4.94% $353,415 $138,706 4.45%
1997 79,027 5.58% 80,071 71,543 5.43%
1996 92,677 5.73% 92,677 68,551 5.35%
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase:
1998 $498,372 4.11% $498,372 $353,669 4.35%
1997 276,264 4.65% 288,498 265,921 4.61%
1996 238,044 4.73% 287,993 228,260 4.70%
FHLB borrowings:
1998 $200,000 5.53% $396,500 $259,566 5.60%
1997 249,264 5.80% 249,264 142,214 5.39%
1996 212,300 5.61% 484,800 216,695 5.71%
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
interest rate risk
Volatility in interest rates requires the Company to manage interest rate risk
that arises from differences in the timing of repricing of assets and the
liabilities. Management monitors and adjusts the difference between
interest-sensitive assets and interest-sensitive liabilities ("GAP" position)
within various time frames. An institution with more assets repricing than
liabilities within a given time frame is considered asset sensitive ("positive
GAP") and in time frames with more liabilities repricing than assets it is
liability sensitive ("negative GAP"). Within GAP limits established by the Board
of Directors, the Company seeks to balance the objective of insulating the net
interest margin from rate exposure with that of taking advantage of anticipated
changes in rates in order to enhance income. The Company's policy is to limit
its one-year cumulative GAP position to 2.5 times equity, presently equal to
approximately 23 percent of total assets. The Company has historically managed
its interest rate GAP primarily by lengthening or shortening the maturity
structure of its securities portfolio.
The Company's GAP presentation may not reflect the degree to which
interest-earning assets and core deposit costs respond to changes in market
interest rates. The Company's rate-sensitive assets consist primarily of loans
tied to either the prime rate, the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") or
treasury bill index.
The following table summarizes the Company's GAP position at December 31,
1998. The majority of loans are included in 0-30 days as they reprice in
response to changes in the interest rate environment. Interest-bearing deposits
are classified according to their expected interest rate sensitivity. Actual
sensitivity of these deposits is reviewed periodically and adjustments are made
in the Company's GAP analysis as management deems appropriate. Securities and
noninterest-bearing deposits are categorized according to their expected lives
based on published industry prepayment estimates in the case of securities and
current management estimates for noninterest-bearing deposits. Securities are
evaluated in conjunction with the Company's asset/liability management strategy
and may be purchased or sold in response to expected or actual changes in
interest rates, credit risk, prepayment risk, loan growth and similar factors.
The reserve for possible loan losses is included in the "Over 1 Year" category
of loans. At December 31, 1998, the one-year cumulative GAP position was
negative at $223 million, or approximately 4 percent of total assets.
During 1998, the average life of earning assets was extended through
reductions in federal funds sold and replacement and build-up in the securities
portfolio of longer-term securities containing reduced economic risk from
prepayment. In addition, the average life of interest-bearing liabilities was
shortened as long-term borrowings were replaced at maturity with short-term or
overnight borrowings. This positioning has allowed the Company to take advantage
of the falling interest rate environment that has resulted in lower funding
costs while maintaining yield on earning assets.
17
18
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest Sensitivity Periods
--------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in millions) 0-30 Days 31-90 Days 91-365 Days Over 1 Year Total
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Loans, net of reserve $ 1,298 $ 237 $ 869 $1,827 $4,231
Federal funds sold 8 8
Securities 44 85 178 983 1,290
Other assets 3 3 366 372
------- ------- ------ ------ ------
Total assets $ 1,353 $ 322 $1,050 $3,176 $5,901
======= ======= ====== ====== ======
Interest-bearing deposits $ 859 $ 261 $ 614 $1,652 $3,386
Borrowed funds 1,009 10 23 20 1,062
Noninterest-bearing deposits 157 690 847
Other liabilities and stockholders' equity 15 591 606
------- ------- ------ ------ ------
Total liabilities and equity $ 2,040 $ 271 $ 637 $2,953 $5,901
------- ------- ------ ------ ======
GAP for period $ (687) $ 51 $ 413 $ 223
======= ======= ====== ======
Cumulative GAP $ (687) $ (636) $ (223) $ 0
======= ======= ====== ======
As a percent of total assets (11.64%) (10.78%) (3.78%)
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Company also uses simulation analysis to measure the exposure of net
interest income to changes in interest rates over a relatively short (i.e., 12
month) time horizon. Simulation analysis involves projecting future interest
income and expense from the Company's assets, liabilities, and off-balance sheet
positions under various scenarios. The Company's limits on interest rate risk
specify that, if interest rates were to shift immediately up or down 200 basis
points, estimated net interest income for the next 12 months should decline by
less than 10 percent. The following table reflects the Company's estimated
exposure as a percentage of estimated net interest income, and consequently net
income, for the next 12 months, assuming the indicated immediate shifts in
interest rates:
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Estimated Exposure as a Percentage of Net Interest Income
---------------------------------------------------------
Rate Change (Basis Points) December 31,1998
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+200 (3.4%)
-200 (0.4%)
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
As shown in the table above, the effect of a large fluctuation downward of
200 basis points, given the Company's liability-sensitive balance sheet
position, would produce a minimal 0.4 percent decrease in net interest income
over the next 12 months. A market rate shift upward would reduce net interest
income by 3.4 percent over the next 12 months. A restated estimated exposure as
of December 31, 1997 for acquisitions accounted for as poolings of interests is
not included in the table above as such information is not readily determinable.
Shortcomings are inherent in any simulation analysis. Certain assets, such
as adjustable rate loans, have features which restrict changes in interest
rates. Additionally, the proportion of fixed-rate loans in the Company's
portfolio could increase in future periods if market interest rates remain at or
decrease below current levels due to refinance activity. Further, in the event
of a change in interest rates, early withdrawal and prepayment levels could
deviate significantly from those assumed in the analysis. Finally, the ability
of some borrowers to repay their adjustable rate loans may decrease in the event
of interest rate increases.
On January 31, 1997, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued final
rules governing disclosure requirements for financial instruments, including
derivatives. This new release requires more detailed disclosure than required in
SFAS No. 119, "Disclosures about Derivative Financial Instruments and Fair Value
of Financial Instruments." However, the additional disclosures are only required
when material. As of December 31, 1998 and 1997, the positive fair value of
derivatives outstanding was immaterial to the Company's financial statements as
a whole and, therefore, these additional disclosures are not presented.
18
19
capital
There are three capital requirements that banks and bank holding companies must
meet. Two requirements take into consideration risks inherent in assets for both
on- and off-balance sheet items on a risk-weighted basis ("risk-based assets").
Risk weightings are as determined by banking regulators for the industry. Under
these requirements, the Company must meet minimum Tier 1 and Total risk-based
capital ratios (capital, as defined in the regulations, divided by risk-based
assets) of 4 percent and 8 percent, respectively. Tier 1 capital is essentially
shareholders' investment, net of intangible assets and Tier 2 capital is the
allowable portion of the loan loss reserve (as defined) and discounted
subordinated debt. Total capital is the combination of Tier 1 and Tier 2. The
third requirement is a leverage capital ratio, defined as Tier 1 capital divided
by total average assets, net of intangibles. All but the most highly-rated banks
are required to maintain a minimum of 4 percent. The Company has not been
notified of a specific requirement above the minimum. All three capital ratios
are calculated excluding the effect of unrealized gain/loss on securities
available-for-sale. Management believes, as of December 31, 1998, that the
Company and its subsidiary banks meet all of their respective capital adequacy
requirements. Refer to Note 17 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
of this Form 10-K for a further discussion of capital requirements.
In 1998, the Company declared quarterly cash dividends totaling $23
million, or $0.54 per share, to stockholders. Also, during the year the
Company's subsidiaries declared dividends payable to the Company totaling $37
million, $2 million from USTC and $35 million from USTrust and second tier bank
holding companies of the Company.
In 1995, the Company adopted a shareholder rights plan and in 1998 the
Company's Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program. Refer to Note
17 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion.
credit quality and reserve for possible loan losses
Credit quality of the commercial loan and lease portfolios is quantified by a
corporate credit rating system designed to parallel regulatory criteria and
categories of loan risk. Individual lenders monitor their loans to ensure
appropriate rating assignments are made on a timely basis. Risk ratings and
quality of both commercial and consumer credit portfolios are also assessed on a
regular basis by an independent Loan Review Department which reports to the
Company's Board of Directors through its Asset Quality Committee. Loan Review
personnel conduct ongoing portfolio trend analyses and individual credit reviews
to evaluate loan risk and compliance with corporate lending policies. Results
and recommendations from this process provide senior management and the Board of
Directors and its Asset Quality Committee with independent information on loan
portfolio condition. The Asset Quality Committee monitors asset quality
throughout the year and actively reviews the large credit exposures. Consumer
loan quality is evaluated on the basis of delinquent data due to the large
number of such loans and relatively small size of individual credits. Historical
trend analysis reports are reviewed on a monthly basis by senior lending
officers and the Company's Board of Directors.
At December 31, 1998, substandard loans totaled $50 million, compared with
$53 million at year-end 1997. Loans reported as substandard include loans
classified as Substandard or Doubtful, as determined by the Company in its
internal credit risk rating profile. Under the Company's definition, Substandard
loans, which include loans on nonaccrual, are characterized by the distinct
possibility that some loss will be sustained if the credit deficiencies are not
corrected. The Substandard classification, however, does not necessarily imply
ultimate loss for each individual loan so classified. Loans classified as
Doubtful have all the weaknesses inherent in Substandard loans with the added
characteristic that the weaknesses make collection of 100 percent of the assets
questionable and improbable.
At December 31, 1998, Substandard and Doubtful loans were $48 million and
$2 million, respectively. Substandard loans include $35 million of accruing
commercial and commercial real estate loans, of which 91 percent were current
with respect to contractual principal and interest payments, and $13 million in
loans that were on nonaccrual and included in nonperforming assets. All of the
loans rated Doubtful were on nonaccrual and included in nonperforming assets.
Also, at December 31, 1998, loans rated Special Mention in the Company's
internal risk rating profile amounted to $34 million, all of which were current.
Special Mention loans, as defined by the Company, have potential weaknesses that
deserve management's close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential
weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the
assets.
As of year-end 1998, approximately 63 percent of loans classified as
Substandard or Doubtful were collateralized by real estate, and the remainder
were collateralized by accounts receivable, inventory, equipment and other
business assets. Of the loans secured by real estate, approximately 38 percent
were collateralized by owner-occupied commercial properties, approximately 56
percent were collateralized by other commercial real estate, and approximately 2
percent by residential real estate. The remaining loans were collateralized by
real estate under construction or raw land.
19
20
The upcoming Year 2000 event has prompted the Company to establish a
comprehensive process of customer interaction designed to provide information on
borrower readiness for the Year 2000. It is the Company's position that the Year
2000 business problem presents an additional credit consideration. Accordingly,
the evaluation program parallels existing credit practices. An additional
rating, "the Millennium Rating," has been established to assess the Year 2000
readiness of each credit and to identify loans which represent Year 2000 risk.
Any loans which have been determined to have "Millennium Special Mention" or
"Millennium Substandard" ratings will be reviewed and a determination will be
made if any remedial action is necessary. In some cases, an addition to the
reserve for possible loan losses may be necessary. For a further discussion of
the Year 2000 issue, see "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations."
Nonperforming Assets
The following table sets forth the Company's total nonperforming assets and
performance measures regarding key indicators of asset quality:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nonperforming assets:
Nonaccruals:
Commercial and financial $ 4,843 $11,963 $24,819 $15,998 $ 39,029
Commercial real estate:
Construction 1,274 315 929 1,348 1,130
Developer, investor and land 6,654 6,180 7,331 7,313 27,346
Commercial lease financing 2,422 237
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 5,323 11,518 10,841 9,528 9,825
Home equity 443 698 522 831 673
Indirect automobile installment 2,827 1,866 778 446 134
Other consumer 181 315 78 134 61
------- ------- ------- ------- --------
Total nonaccrual 23,967 33,092 45,298 35,598 78,198
Accruing loans 90 days or more past due 2,423 1,069 1,134 714 3,037
Other property owned ("OPO"), net (1) 4,660 7,046 11,031 16,817 39,794
Restructured loans (2) 141 17,443 20,401 43,494 55,080
------- ------- ------- ------- --------
Total nonperforming assets $31,191 $58,650 $77,864 $96,623 $176,109
======= ======= ======= ======= ========
Reserve for possible loan losses $65,274 $68,539 $65,979 $84,245 $ 91,860
Net chargeoffs $ 5,451 $ 540 $ 667 $24,081 $ 28,553
OPO reserve $ 5,657 $ 3,628 $ 3,147 $ 4,760 $ 8,867
Ratios:
Reserve to nonaccrual loans 272.3% 207.1% 145.7% 236.7% 117.5%
Reserve to total of nonaccrual loans, accruing loans 90 days
or more past due and restructured loans 246.0% 132.8% 98.7% 105.6% 67.4%
Reserve to period-end loans 1.5% 1.7% 1.8% 2.9% 3.2%
Nonaccrual loans to period-end loans 0.6% 0.8% 1.3% 1.2% 2.7%
Nonaccrual loans and accruing loans over 90 days past due
to period-end loans 0.6% 0.9% 1.3% 1.2% 2.9%
Nonperforming assets to period-end loans and OPO 0.7% 1.5% 2.2% 3.3% 6.1%
Nonperforming assets to total assets 0.5% 1.1% 1.5% 2.2% 4.2%
Net chargeoffs to average loans 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 1.0%
OPO reserve to OPO 54.8% 34.0% 22.2% 22.1% 18.2%
(1) Included in other property owned ("OPO") are other real estate owned,
automobiles, and equipment acquired through foreclosure or in settlement of
loans. The balance is stated net of a valuation reserve. Refer to Note 1 to the
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of OPO.
(2) Restructured loans are those where interest rates and/or principal
repayments have been restructured to defer or reduce payment as a result of
financial difficulties of the borrower.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
20
21
As exhibited in the preceding table, total nonperforming assets were
reduced $27 million in 1998 to $31 million. The decrease was led by a $17
million reduction in restructured loans and a reduction in nonaccrual commercial
loans and residential mortgage loans. These reductions were due in part to the
sale of $21 million in substandard commercial and residential loans during the
third quarter of 1998. The indirect automobile loan increase from 1997 reflected
the substantial increase in balances outstanding of these loans. The reserve to
total nonaccrual loans, accruing loans 90 days or more past due and restructured
loans improved to 246.0 percent at December 31, 1998, compared with 132.8
percent a year ago. Reserve to total loans decreased to 1.5 percent from 1.7
percent a year ago.
The Company's consumer loan delinquency rates (greater than 30 days past
due including nonaccruals) continue to remain at favorable levels. The
delinquency rate for the indirect automobile loans, the second largest component
of the Company's consumer loan portfolio was 3.03 percent at December 31, 1998,
compared with 3.20 percent at December 31, 1997. The Company anticipates that
the current high growth rate experienced in the indirect automobile loan
portfolio will subside in future periods. This factor, combined with the
eventual maturity of the existing portfolio, will likely result in an increase
in the delinquency rate in future periods.
At December 31, 1998, total impaired loans were $13.4 million, comprised of
$.6 million that required a reserve for possible loan losses of $.3 million, and
$12.8 million that did not require a related reserve. The Company has defined
impaired loans as commercial and commercial real estate loans recognized by the
Company as nonaccrual and restructured. Refer to Notes 1 and 6 to the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-K for a further discussion on
SFAS No. 114. The amount of interest on December 31, 1998 impaired loans that
would have been recorded had the loans been paying in accordance with their
original terms during 1998 was approximately $2.6 million. The amount of
interest income on these loans included in net income in 1998 was approximately
$1.2 million.
Reserve for Possible Loan Losses
The Company maintains a reserve for possible loan losses to absorb future
chargeoffs of loans and leases in the existing portfolio. The reserve is
increased when a loan loss provision is recorded in the income statement. When a
loan, or portion thereof, is considered uncollectible, it is charged against the
reserve. Recoveries on amounts previously charged-off are added to the reserve
when collected. Adequacy of the reserve for possible loan losses is determined
using a consistent, systematic methodology which analyzes the size and risk of
the loan and lease portfolio. Factors include historical loss experience and
asset quality, as reflected by delinquency trends, nonaccrual and restructured
loans and the Company's credit risk rating profile. Consideration is also given
to the current and expected economic conditions and, in particular, how such
conditions affect the types of credits in the portfolio and the market area in
general. The analysis includes sensitivity testing and a written conclusion.
No portion of the reserve is restricted to any loan or group of loans, and
the entire reserve is available to absorb realized losses. The amount and timing
of realized losses and future reserve allocations may vary from current
estimates. An allocation of the reserve for possible loan losses and ratio of
loans in each category to total loans at December 31, 1994 through 1998 is
presented below:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
--------------------- --------------------- --------------------- --------------------- --------------------
Loans as Loans as Loans as Loans as Loans as
a Percent a Percent a Percent a Percent a Percent
Allocation of Total Allocation of Total Allocation of Total Allocation of Total Allocation of Total
Amount Loans Amount Loans Amount Loans Amount Loans Amount Loans
----------- --------- -------------------- ---------------------- --------------------- --------------------
(Dollars in thousands)
Amount of loan loss
reserve:
Commercial and
financial.......... $21,762 32.9% $20,232 27.2% $18,652 26.7% $23,043 27.9% $34,203 30.0%
Commercial real
estate:
Construction..... 862 1.3% 1,900 2.8% 1,410 3.0% 1,636 3.4% 1,790 3.3%
Developer,
investor
and land....... 7,668 11.6% 8,831 13.6% 10,759 17.2% 14,784 22.4% 21,038 23.1%
Commercial lease
financing........ 1,685 1.8% 974 1.4% 634 1.3% 408 1.1% 181 1.0%
Consumer*.......... 30,152 52.4% 27,657 55.0% 21,967 51.8% 17,374 45.2% 14,233 42.6%
Unallocated........ 3,145 8,945 12,557 27,000 20,415
------- ----- ------- ----- ------- ----- ------- ----- ------- -----
Total........ $65,274 100.0% $68,539 100.0% $65,979 100.0 $84,245 100.0% $91,860 100.0%
======= ===== ======= ===== ======= ===== ======= ===== ======= =====
* Consumer loans include indirect automobile installment loans and leases.
22
The reserve for possible loan losses was $65.3 million at December 31,
1998, down $3.3 million from a year ago. Net chargeoffs of $5.5 million were
partially offset by a $2.2 million provision for possible loan losses during the
year. Reserve allocated to commercial and financial loans increased from 1997
due to volume growth in these loans and reserve allocated to consumer loan
increased due to growth in the indirect automobile portfolio. The unallocated
portion of the reserve at year end was $3.1 million, or 5 percent of the
reserve, down from $8.9 million, or 13 percent, of the reserve a year ago. The
decrease in the unallocated portion is a direct result of the improving asset
quality trend. The ratio of nonperforming assets to total assets has continued
to decline from 2.2 percent in 1995 to 1.5 percent in 1996, 1.1 percent in 1997
and 0.5 percent in 1998. This improvement in asset quality, allowed the Company
to reduce the level of unallocated reserves maintained during this time frame.
The Company expects to continue to maintain reserve levels that are consistent
with asset quality and the risk inherent within the loan portfolios.
A summary of loan loss experience for the years ended December 31, 1994
through 1998 is presented below:
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
-----------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Reserve for loan losses at beginning of period $ 68,539 $ 65,979 $ 84,245 $ 91,860 $ 91,374
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Chargeoffs:
Commercial and financial 3,238 2,106 5,034 11,330 17,309
Commercial real estate:
Construction 38 591 276
Developer, investor and land 2,598 607 2,719 18,116 14,190
Commercial lease financing 457
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 1,584 1,033 1,816 2,128 2,834
Home equity 94 116 51 1,270 119
Indirect automobile installment 5,059 2,793 1,736 844 806
Other consumer 1,652 1,062 262 240 427
Indirect automobile lease financing 145
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total chargeoffs 14,827 7,755 11,618 34,519 35,961
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Recoveries:
Commercial and financial 1,921 3,271 4,964 6,018 4,746
Commercial real estate:
Construction 87 14 654 205 142
Developer, investor and land 5,078 2,024 3,260 2,096 1,227
Commercial lease financing 137
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 822 1,124 1,260 1,350 289
Home equity 35 12 23 46 48
Indirect automobile installment 1,084 685 707 642 820
Other consumer 212 85 83 81 136
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total recoveries 9,376 7,215 10,951 10,438 7,408
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Net chargeoffs 5,451 540 667 24,081 28,553
Provision (credit) for possible loan losses 2,239 3,100 (15,495) 15,920 28,024
Reserve of (sold) acquired banks and other transfers (53) (2,104) 546 1,015
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Reserve for loan losses at end of period $ 65,274 $ 68,539 $ 65,979 $ 84,245 $ 91,860
========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Average loans $4,090,568 $3,718,167 $3,066,626 $2,892,980 $2,728,017
========== ========== ========== ========== ==========
Ratio of net chargeoffs to average loans 0.1% 0.0% 0.0% 0.8% 1.0%
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
22
23
results of operations
comparison of 1998 with 1997
For the year ended December 31, 1998, net income was $55.3 million, or $1.28
diluted earnings per share, compared with $50.2 million, or $1.18 diluted
earnings per share, for the year ended December 31, 1997. Operating results
included charges of $8.1 million and $4.4 million in 1998 and 1997,
respectively, for certain nondeductible merger-related expenses and pre-tax
charges of $11.5 million and $11.8 million in 1998 and 1997, respectively, for
restructuring charges related to acquisitions. The 1998 charges were recorded in
connection with the Somerset and Affiliated acquisitions while the 1997 charges
were incurred primarily for the Walden acquisition. Excluding merger-related and
restructuring charges, 1998 net income was $70.5 million, or $1.63 diluted
earnings per share, compared with $61.7 million, or $1.44 diluted earnings per
share last year.
Net income for 1998, including the aforementioned merger-related and
restructuring charges, produced a return on average stockholders' investment of
10.69 percent compared with 11.13 percent in 1997, and a return on average
assets of 0.99 percent compared with 0.95 percent last year. Operating return on
average equity (excluding merger-related and restructuring charges) was 13.63
percent, just below the 13.66 percent earned in 1997. The positive effect of
this year's earnings increase on this performance ratio was offset by the effect
of a $66 million increase in average equity from earnings retained during the
year. Operating return on average assets was 1.26 percent this year compared
with 1.17 percent last year.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Return on Average
----------------------------------------
Assets Stockholders' Investment
----------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31, 1998 1997 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net interest income 4.51% 4.37% 48.79% 51.08%
Provision for possible loan losses 0.04 0.06 0.43 0.69
---- ---- ----- -----
Net interest income after provision for possible loan losses 4.47 4.31 48.36 50.39
Noninterest income 0.87 0.79 9.44 9.23
Noninterest expense 3.74 3.60 40.46 42.15
---- ---- ----- -----
Income before income tax 1.60 1.50 17.34 17.47
Income tax provision 0.61 0.55 6.65 6.34
---- ---- ----- -----
Net income 0.99% 0.95% 10.69% 11.13%
==== ==== ===== =====
Net Interest Income Analysis
The Company's net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis was $253.5
million in 1998, an increase of 9 percent, or $21.6 million over 1997. The
increase over last year was due to a combination of earning asset growth,
favorable changes in earning asset and deposit mix, noninterest-bearing and
low-cost deposit growth and lower borrowing costs. The table below presents the
following information: average earning assets and average interest-bearing
liabilities supporting earning assets; and interest income and interest expense
expressed as a percentage of the related asset or liability. The average
balances and the rates presented include the effect of fair value adjustments
under SFAS No. 115, "Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity
Securities."
23
24
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average Average Average Average Average Average
(Dollars in thousands) Balance Interest Rate Balance Interest Rate Balance Interest Rate
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets
Cash and due from banks $ 121,483 $ 120,775 $ 127,758
Federal funds sold and other 59,657 $ 3,910 6.55% 89,201 $ 5,191 5.82% 51,956 $ 2,791 5.36%
Securities:
Taxable 1,114,095 70,645 6.34 1,151,361 73,935 6.42 1,277,991 78,892 6.17
Nontaxable and preferential
rate income (1) 48,132 3,278 6.81 43,016 3,294 7.66 30,227 2,541 8.41
---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------
Total securities 1,162,227 73,923 6.36 1,194,377 77,229 6.47 1,308,218 81,433 6.22
Loans (1) (2) 4,090,568 352,006 8.61 3,718,167 327,689 8.81 3,066,626 272,459 8.86
Reserve for possible loan losses (68,508) (67,332) (81,227)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net loans 4,022,060 3,650,835 2,985,399
Other assets 223,606 217,804 174,871
---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------
Total assets/interest income $5,589,033 $429,839 $5,272,992 $410,109 $4,648,202 $356,683
========== ======== ========== ======== ========== ========
Liabilities and Stockholders' Investment
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing $ 756,212 $ 609,118 $ 464,181
NOW 120,247 $ 1,695 1.41% 153,185 $ 1,916 1.25% 340,961 $ 4,329 1.27%
Money market 817,553 19,945 2.44 729,523 17,431 2.39 410,308 13,310 3.24
Regular savings 917,063 25,856 2.82 862,743 24,359 2.82 656,976 16,559 2.51
Time 1,513,488 82,604 5.46 1,582,935 88,081 5.56 1,473,115 83,463 5.65
---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------
Total interest-bearing deposits 3,368,351 130,100 3.86 3,328,386 131,787 3.96 2,881,360 117,661 4.07
---------- ---------- ----------
Total deposits 4,124,563 3,937,504 3,345,541
Short-term and other borrowings 884,140 46,230 5.23 829,830 46,418 5.59 838,979 46,858 5.57
Other liabilities 63,203 54,310 47,034
Stockholders' investment 517,127 451,348 416,648
---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- --------
Total liabilities and stockholders'
investment/interest expense $5,589,033 $176,330 3.15% $5,272,992 $178,205 3.38% $4,648,202 $164,519 3.53%
========== ======== ========== ======== ========== ========
Earning assets - interest income $5,312,452 $429,839 8.09% $5,001,745 $410,109 8.20% $4,426,800 $356,683 8.04%
Interest-bearing liabilities -
interest expense $4,252,491 176,330 4.15% $4,158,216 178,205 4.29% $3,720,339 164,519 4.41%
-------- -------- --------
Net interest spread (3) 3.94% 3.91% 3.63%
Net interest margin (4) $253,509 4.77% $231,904 4.64% $192,164 4.33%
======== ======== ========
(1) Interest on loans to and obligations of states and political subdivisions
is not subject to federal income tax and certain dividend income from
equity securities receive preferential tax treatment. In order to make
pretax yields comparable to fully taxable loans and securities, a tax
equivalent adjustment is utilized. The adjustment is based on a 35 percent
federal income tax rate and includes applicable state taxes, net of federal
tax benefit.
(2) Average loan balance includes nonaccrual loans, such that the negative
income effect is included in the calculation of average rates.
(3) Net interest spread is the excess of the interest rate on average earning
assets over the interest rate on average interest-bearing liabilities.
(4) Net interest margin is the excess of the interest earned over interest
expense divided by average earning assets.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
24
25
As reflected in the foregoing table, average loans increased 10 percent, or
$372 million to $4.091 billion this year. As exhibited in the table below, loan
growth was the largest contributor to the improvement in net interest income
over 1997. Lower-yielding average assets, such as securities decreased $32
million and Federal funds sold decreased $30 million. Average low-cost savings
deposits, including regular savings, NOW and money market, increased 6 percent,
or $109 million from 1997, while average high-cost certificates of deposit
decreased $69 million. The positive differential between average total earning
assets and average total interest-bearing liabilities increased $216 million
from 1997 due to an increase in noninterest-bearing deposits as well as retained
earnings and contributed to the increase in net interest income. The increases
in average low-cost and noninterest-bearing deposits reflects the Company's
success at attracting these deposits with its very competitive deposit account
fee structure. The effect on net interest income from these favorable changes in
volume of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing and noninterest-bearing
liabilities was an increase of $26.4 million for the year ended December 31,
1998 compared with 1997.
Yield on earning assets declined 11 basis points to 8.09 percent in 1998. A
decrease in yield on loans of 20 basis points from 1997 was the largest factor
affecting total earning asset yield. Loan yields, in particular rates on new
commercial loans, continue to reflect the effect of competitive pressure on loan
pricing. The Company expects that such competitive pressure will continue into
next year. In general, market interest rates were on a downward trend during
1998. During the latter half of 1998, the Federal Reserve Board announced
interest rate cuts in the rate charged to member banks for borrowings from the
Federal Reserve. As a result, the Company's subsidiary banks, consistent with
most banks across the country, decreased the prime lending rate a total of 75
basis points. Such rate decreases are expected to continue to reduce yield on
earning assets in future periods. The cost of interest-bearing liabilities
decreased 14 basis points this year to 4.15 percent. Rates on the low-cost
deposits, NOW, money market and regular savings were maintained or increased
from 1997 as part of a strategy to promote growth in this deposit category. The
average cost of time certificates of deposit decreased 10 basis points compared
to a year ago, as older certificates matured and repriced at the current lower
offering rates. The Company expects to continue to adjust rates on new
certificates as well as some savings products consistent with the general trend
in interest rates. Borrowing costs decreased 36 basis points compared with a
year ago due to the replacement of long-term, higher rate borrowings with
short-term or overnight borrowings. This is expected to continue to allow the
Company to take advantage of falling interest rates and thereby reduce funding
costs. The net effect of rate changes on net interest income for the year ended
December 31, 1998 compared with the same period in 1997, was a decrease of $4.8
million.
As a result of the aforementioned yield, cost and volume changes, the
interest rate margin and spread increased slightly from 4.64 percent and 3.91
percent in 1997 to 4.77 percent and 3.94 percent in 1998, respectively. The
Company expects to maintain the current level of net interest margin and spread
through the next year. The combination of the Company's balance sheet
positioning and ability to adjust certain funding costs are expected to aid in
this effort. Although such expectations, which are subject to the volatility of
market interest rates, may not be realized. Refer to the caption "Interest Rate
Risk" in this Form 10-K for a further discussion of balance sheet positioning.
25
26
The following table attributes changes in interest income and interest
expense to changes in interest rates and changes in the volume of
interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the year ended
December 31, 1998 when compared with the year ended December 31, 1997. Changes
attributable to both rate and volume are allocated on a weighted basis.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase (Decrease) From Year Ended December 31, 1997
-----------------------------------------------------
Year Ended Amount Due to Changes in
-------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) December 31, 1998 Total Change Volume Rate
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest income:
Interest and fees on loans* $352,006 $24,317 $32,194 $(7,877)
Interest on securities:
Taxable 70,645 (3,290) (2,371) (919)
Nontaxable and preferential rate income* 3,278 (16) 369 (385)
Interest on federal funds sold and other 3,910 (1,281) (1,876) 595
-------- ------- ------- -------
Total interest income* 429,839 19,730 28,316 (8,586)
Interest expense:
Interest on NOW, money market and regular savings deposits 47,496 3,790 2,785 1,005
Interest on time deposits 82,604 (5,477) (3,813) (1,664)
Interest on borrowings 46,230 (188) 2,939 (3,127)
-------- ------- ------- -------
Total interest expense 176,330 (1,875) 1,911 (3,786)
-------- ------- ------- -------
Net interest income $253,509 $21,605 $26,405 $(4,800)
======== ======= ======= =======
* Fully taxable equivalent at the federal income tax rate of 35 percent and
includes applicable state taxes net of federal benefit. The tax equivalent
adjustment on loans was approximately $.2 million and on nontaxable and
preferential rate income securities was approximately $1.0 million.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Noninterest Income
Total noninterest income was $48.8 million, $7.1 million higher than 1997.
Realized net gains on sales of securities, including $2.1 million in realized
gains on venture capital investments, were $3.9 million this year compared with
realized net losses of $1.2 million in 1997. The Company's three key fee-based
businesses showed strong improvement over 1997. Asset management fees increased
$2.1 million, or 16 percent, due to growth in balances under management from new
business and favorable market results. Assets under management increased $380
million during the year to $3.5 billion. Deposit account service charges
increased $1.2 million, or 11 percent, due to increased revenue from NSF charges
and growth in demand deposit and nontime savings deposits. Corporate services
income rose $.5 million, or 8 percent, due to growth in commercial cash
management services. Gains from loan sales this year were $.7 million, which
includes gains on sale of fixed rate residential mortgage loans in the secondary
market and gain on sale of substandard loans. Gains on sale of loans in 1997
were mostly from the sale of substandard loans.
Noninterest Expense
Total noninterest expense was $209.2 million, an increase of $19.0 million over
1997. Restructuring charges of $11.5 million were incurred in 1998 in connection
with the Somerset and Affiliated acquisitions and the result of management's
integration plan. These costs related to activities that had no future economic
benefit to the Company and were incremental to other costs incurred in the
conduct of the Company's business. The nature of these expenses included charges
for severance payments to former Somerset and Affiliated executives and staff,
processing systems conversions and deconversion costs, customer communications
related to the effect of the acquisitions and new account information,
write-offs of certain assets such as signage and incompatable computer
equipment, and other expenses directly associated with the integration of the
acquired institutions. Similar restructuring charges of $11.8 million for the
year ended December 31, 1997 were incurred in connection with the Walden
acquisition.
Acquisition and merger-related expenses, a nondeductible expense for tax
purposes, of $8.1 million, were incurred in 1998 in connection with the Somerset
and Affiliated acquisitions. These expenses included professional, legal,
accounting and investment banking services directly incurred in connection with
the acquisition transactions. Acquisition and merger-related expense of $4.4
million was incurred in 1997 primarily in connection with Walden and Firestone
acquisitions.
The increase in total noninterest expense in 1998 also reflects Year 2000
readiness expense of $5.4 million compared to a nominal expense in 1997. Also
higher were personnel costs of $6.6 million, computer equipment depreciation and
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maintenance costs of $1.8 million, and increased data processing costs of $1.9
million. These operating expense increases are primarily the result of volume
growth across the Company. In addition, the merger with and into USTrust and
integration and conversion of the operating systems of the acquired banks, did
not occur until late in the year. As a result, the Company's noninterest expense
does not reflect the full cost savings and efficiencies associated with the
acquisitions. The Company expects additional operating efficiencies related to
acquisitions to be realized in the first half of 1999.
Other noninterest expense approximated last year's level of $27 million.
Communication expenses such as postage, telephone, and stationery and supplies,
which aggregate approximately $11 million in 1998, are the largest components.
Also included in other noninterest expense in 1998 were $2.7 million in one-time
costs in connection with the upgrade of the Company's automated branch platform
and teller systems and a writedown to net realizable value of a branch building
held for sale. These increases were offset with lower legal reserve provisions
and checkbook charges than 1997.
The operating efficiency ratio, which excludes realized gains/losses on
sales of securities and loans, merger-related and restructuring expenses and
foreclosed asset expense, was 62.8 percent in 1998 compared with 63.3 percent in
1997. Excluding Year 2000 readiness expense, the 1998 ratio would further
improve to 61.0 percent. The Company expects to focus on operating efficiencies
in 1999 in an effort to further improve efficiency ratios.
Year 2000
The Year 2000 issue, which is common to most corporations, concerns the
potential inability of computer-based systems, including among others, computer
hardware, embedded chips, and computer software programs, to recognize properly
and process date-sensitive information involving 20th and 21st century dates.
State of Readiness
In 1997, the Company assembled a project team of senior officers and outside
consultants to assess the impact of the Year 2000 problem on its systems and
certain systems of its customers, vendors and other parties that service or
otherwise interact with the Company and to develop a Year 2000 Readiness Program
consistent with the five phases set out in Regulatory Guidance. A national
public accounting firm was engaged by the Company to focus on assisting in
initial project development and progress assessment. The Company's Year 2000
Readiness Program contains a number of discrete segments, including among
others, Awareness, Assessment, Project Planning, Remediation, Unit Test
Plans, Unit Testing, Integration Testing, System Implementation, Commercial
(including evaluation and monitoring stages), Funds Providers and Capital
Markets, Retail, Contingency Plans for Information Systems and Contingency Plans
for Business Continuation.
The Awareness and Assessment phases, Project Planning for all aspects and
Unit Test Plans for mission critical systems have been completed. Mission
critical systems are defined by the Company as those vital to the successful
continuance of core business activities. Test Plans for noncritical applications
are in process of development and are expected to be substantially completed
during the second quarter of 1999. Inventory and Year 2000 readiness assessment
of all information and noninformation systems and applications have been
completed and all third-party vendors who provide applications to the Company
have been contacted. Efforts to bring the major operating systems, and certain
outsourced applications into compliance with Year 2000 requirements have or will
be accomplished primarily through the installation of updated or replacement
programs developed by third parties. In addition, the status of all Company
facilities and all significant third-party providers of goods and services to
the Company has been assessed. Starting in March 1998, the Company retained the
services of Atlantic Data Services, Inc., and certain additional outside
advisors and programmers to augment the Company's efforts in addressing its Year
2000 compliance.
The Remediation Phase, wherein software and hardware are either modified or
replaced, was substantially completed by year-end 1998 for mission critical
applications. The Company successfully installed among other mission critical
applications systems, a new commercial loan system and upgraded versions of its
transaction deposit, certificate of deposit, ACH, wire transfer, general ledger
and mortage processing systems. In addition, the Company has upgraded or
replaced all of its mission critical mainframe operating systems that were not
Year 2000 compliant and upgraded its broadly distributed PC network, operating,
and office systems. One exception was the branch teller system, which the
Company discovered through its Unit Testing procedures did not properly process
the leap year date February 29, 2000. The Company expects to receive a new
version before the end of April 1999. The second exception is the Company is
awaiting the remediation and test results of the systems utilized by a
third-party vendor that provides mutual fund and annuity broker and dealer
services to the Company. The Year 2000 readiness results are expected from this
service provider by March 31, 1999. The Remediation phase for nonmission
critical applications is presently scheduled to be completed by September 30,
1999.
Unit Testing of individual mission critical systems was substantially
completed by December 31, 1998. Unit Testing for nonmission critical systems is
expected to be substantially complete by the end of the first half of 1999.
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To help achieve the completion of testing for nonmission critical applications,
the Company has engaged the services of an additional third-party vendor,
Command Systems, Inc. The targeted completion date for Integrating Testing for
mission critical systems is March 31, 1999, and for nonmission critical systems
the end of the third quarter of 1999. Integration testing involves the testing
of applications on an integrated basis with systems interacting or exchanging
data in a future date environment.
As part of the System Implementation phase, the Company has generally put
mission critical applications into production as soon as remediation or
replacement installation was completed. As of year-end 1998, the process of
system implementation was substantially complete with all but three of the
remediated systems placed into production. These three, ATM, installment loan
and installment loan origination, are scheduled to be installed by June 30,
1999.
The Company has put in place a substantial program for evaluating potential
additional credit risk that might arise should any of its large commercial
customers experience their own Year 2000 issues. The initial portion of the
Commercial Phase, which included the evaluation of credit risk stemming from
problems borrowers may have in resolving their own Year 2000 issues, has been
completed. Monitoring of the remediation efforts of high risk customers will be
ongoing. During the monitoring stage the Company has implemented a course of
action and procedures designed to reduce any increased potential credit risk as
a result of borrowers' Year 2000 issues. The Company is communicating with its
major borrowing relationships on a quarterly basis and evaluating credit risk
related to Year 2000 issues based on responses from these customers. Risk
mitigation plans will be developed during 1999 for those customers whose Year
2000 credit risk component remains high. Such plans will utilize the normal
process that the Company employs to manage credit risk.
The Company continues an active program of evaluation, assessment and
monitoring of the state of readiness of the Company's Funds Providers and the
Capital Markets. This program has been expanded to include development of
alternative sources of funds should the Company require them over year-end 1999.
However, there are no funds providers that, on an individual basis or in the
aggregate, are material to the Company except for the Federal Home Loan Bank
("FHLB") of Boston. The FHLB continues to communicate with the Company and
report on their state of Year 2000 readiness, which currently is on track with
its management's schedule. The Company has put in place contingency plans for
additional funding through large brokered certificates of deposit from
investment houses as well as made arrangements to increase the Company's
availability of fund borrowings from the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston.
The Retail segment is largely focused on customer communications as to the
state of the Company's Year 2000 readiness and ensuring adequate cash
availability is maintained over year-end 1999. The initial communications have
been distributed and the process is ongoing. Customer and community
communications will receive greater emphasis during 1999. This will include
personal communication with selected large customers, training for internal
staff, placement of FDIC brochures in the banking branches, a regular Year 2000
update on the Company's web site and frequent written communication with
customers by use of statement inserts or other means.
Risks of Year 2000 Issues
The Company has yet to identify any application or operating system or
third-party support which appears unlikely to be Year 2000 compliant or for
which a suitable alternative cannot be implemented. Since, however, the Company
is heavily dependent on such software and third parties, there are risks that
the Company's operations could be disrupted by adverse developments affecting
the operations of these third parties. Such risks include, among other matters,
an inability to process and underwrite loan applications, to credit deposits and
withdrawals from deposit accounts, to credit loan payments or track
delinquencies, to properly reconcile and record daily activity or to engage in
normal banking activities, including branch and ATM operations. A failure in any
one of these could have a material effect on the Company. Additionally,
commercial borrowers whose operations depend on automated systems could
experience Year 2000 compliance problems affecting their ability to repay. It is
not possible to quantify the magnitude of any potential increased credit risk at
this time. It is, therefore, possible that the Company's financial condition and
results of operations could be adversely affected by increases in problem loans
and credit losses in future periods and require the Company to record additional
loan loss provisions. The Company also faces financial risk from its fund
providers as the Year 2000 problem may produce some deposit contraction forcing
a change to alternative and higher cost funding sources. Finally, to the extent
that certain utility and communication services utilized by the Company face
Year 2000 problems, the Company's operations could be disrupted.
Ultimately, an estimation of the efforts of the Company in addressing the
Year 2000 issue in a successful and timely manner depends to a large extent not
only on the corrective measures that it undertakes, but also on the efforts
undertaken by businesses and other independent entities who provide data to, or
receive data from, the Company as borrowers,
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29
vendors or customers. If the Company's Year 2000 Readiness Program were
unsuccessful, it would have a material adverse effect on its future operating
results and the financial condition. Accordingly, the Company's Board of
Directors is actively involved in monitoring management's efforts to address
Year 2000 readiness and has instructed management to allocate appropriate
resources to address these matters.
Bank regulatory agencies have issued guidance as to the standards they will
use when assessing Year 2000 readiness. The failure of a financial institution,
such as the Company, to take appropriate steps to address deficiencies in their
Year 2000 project management process could result in regulatory enforcement
actions which could have a material adverse effect on the institution, result in
the imposition of civil money penalties, or result in the delay (or receipt of
an unfavorable or critical evaluation of management of a financial institution
in connection with regulatory review) of applications seeking to acquire other
entities or otherwise expand the institution's activities.
The most serious impact on the Company's operations, however, would result
if basic services such as telecommunications, electric power, and services
provided by other financial institutions and governmental agencies were
disrupted. Some public disclosure about readiness preparation among basic
infrastructure and other suppliers is now available; however, the Company is
unable at this time to estimate the likelihood of significant disruptions among
our basic infrastructure suppliers. In view of the unknown probability of
occurrence and impact on operations, the Company considers the loss of basic
infrastructure services to be the most reasonably likely worst case Year 2000
scenario.
Costs to Address the Year 2000 Issue
The Company has made resolution of Year 2000 issues a top priority, and has
committed substantial financial, technical and management resources to the
project.
The Company believes that it will be able to modify or replace any affected
systems in time to minimize any detrimental effects on its operations. The
Company expects that it will incur costs to replace existing hardware and
software which will be capitalized and amortized in accordance with the
Company's existing accounting policy while maintenance or modification costs
will be expensed as incurred. At December 31, 1998, Year 2000 external readiness
expense totaled $5.5 million, nearly all of which was recorded during 1998.
Although total external costs for the entire project have yet to be determined,
the Company expects to incur, as current operating expense (including the above
$5.5 million), costs in the range of $9 to $10 million to assure Year 2000
readiness. This estimate represents an increase over the September 30, 1998
estimate of $7 to $8 million and results primarily from additional third-party
costs to be incurred in the testing phase. These costs and estimates do not
include internal costs incurred for Year 2000 matters. Such internal costs,
which are not separately tracked by the Company, consist principally of payroll
costs of its information systems group. Capital expenditures for new equipment
and software purchases are expected to total an additional $1 million. This
estimate does not include the cost of a number of system installations
previously planned by the Company in the normal course of business. Costs of the
Year 2000 project are based on current estimates and actual results could vary
significantly from such estimates. As a result of the focus on the Year 2000
Readiness Program, the Company has deferred some proposed systems projects but
none that has had or is likely to have a material adverse impact on its
operations.
Contingency Plans
The Company has three types of contingency plans: Remediation, Business
Continuation and Event Management. Remediation Contingency Plans address the
failure to complete remediation of an internal Mission Critical application or
failure of a third-party service provider to complete remediation of a Mission
Critical application. Remediation Contingency Plans for all mission critical
technology systems were completed in 1998. As a result of substantial completion
of the Remediation, Unit Testing and System Implementation segments on mission
critical systems, the number of systems still on the remediation contingency
list is minimal. Business Continuation Plans are based largely on existing
Disaster Recovery Plans, but include additional planning and materials that
address those conditions that are unique to Year 2000. Lastly, the Company is
working on an Event Management Plan that addresses how the Company will manage
risks prior to year end; how it will respond to any infrastructure failures
should they occur during the century change over, and how the Company will
communicate with customers on the status of operations during the end of 1999
through the beginning of 2000. Business Continuation Plans and the basic Event
Management Plan are expected to be completed by June 30, 1999.
Income Taxes
The Company recorded income taxes of $34.4 million compared with $28.6 million
in 1997 due mostly to the higher level of pre-tax income this year. The
effective tax rate for 1998 was 38.3 percent compared with 36.3 percent last
year.
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30
The effective tax rate in 1998 and 1997 was influenced by $8.1 million and $4.4
million, respectively, in nondeductible acquisition and merger-related expenses.
Excluding such charges, the effective tax rates were 35.2 percent and 34.4
percent, respectively, in 1998 and 1997. This year's effective rate was higher
than 1997 due to utilization of certain net operating loss carryforwards at one
of the acquired institutions last year. Refer to Note 15 to the Notes to
Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-K for a further discussion of
income taxes.
As of December 31, 1998, other assets included deferred tax assets of
approximately $18.5 million, which are expected to be realized against future
taxable income. Management believes that it is more likely than not that the
Company will realize the benefit of these deferred assets.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair value of each class of
financial instruments as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, in accordance with SFAS
No. 107, "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments," are discussed
in Note 22 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this Form 10-K.
Financial Instruments do not include all of the assets and liabilities recorded
on a company's balance sheet. Therefore, the aggregate fair value amounts of the
Financial Instruments do not represent the underlying value of a company.
As a result of those assumptions and valuation methodologies, the estimated
fair value of Financial Instrument assets as of December 31, 1998 and 1997 was
$5.55 billion and $5.28 billion, respectively, or $62 million and $57 million,
respectively, in excess of carrying value. The increase in excess of fair value
over the carrying value of Financial Instrument assets of $5 million is
primarily attributed, in the opinion of management, to lower market interest
rates for loans at year-end 1998. The estimated fair value of Financial
Instrument liabilities as of December 31, 1998 and 1997 was $5.31 billion and
$4.99 billion, respectively, or $11 million and $3 million, respectively, higher
than carrying value. The net increase in fair value of Financial Instrument
liabilities was primarily due to lower rates on certificates of deposit at
year-end 1998 compared with year-end 1997.
comparison of 1997 with 1996
Net Interest Income Analysis
The Company's net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent basis was $231.9
million in 1997, $39.7 million higher than 1996. The increase in net interest
income was due to the additional volume of interest-earning assets and
interest-bearing liabilities assumed in the fourth quarter 1996 acquisition of
twenty banking branches from Bank of Boston Corporation ("Branch Purchase"), and
improvements in earning asset mix and volumes. Market rates were relatively
level during 1997 and not a major factor in the interest margin growth over
1996.
Yield on loans in 1997 was 8.81 percent, down slightly from 8.86 percent a
year earlier, due mostly to external pressure on loan pricing of new loans,
particularly commercial credits. Yield on securities improved from 6.22 percent
to 6.47 percent reflecting the positive impact of a restructuring program under
which lower-yielding securities with higher risk of prepayment were sold during
1997. Yield on earning assets increased 16 basis points from 8.04 percent in
1996 to 8.20 percent in 1997 due to a shift in earning asset mix from securities
to higher yielding loan assets, and from the securities yield improvement. The
cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased 12 basis points to 4.29 percent.
Deposit costs, the principal component of interest expense, crept downward
during the year from 3.51 percent to 3.35 percent. The rollover of certificates
of deposit at the current lower rates was the largest contributor to the cost of
funds decrease. The combined effect of a higher yield on earning assets with a
lower liabilities cost resulted in improvement in interest margin and spread
from 4.33 percent and 3.63 percent, respectively, in 1996, to 4.64 percent and
3.91 percent, respectively, in 1997.
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31
The following table attributes changes in interest income and interest
expense to changes in interest rates and changes in the volume of
interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities for the year ended
December 31, 1997 when compared with the year ended December 31, 1996. Changes
attributable to both rate and volume are allocated on a weighted basis.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Increase (Decrease) From Year Ended December 31, 1996
-----------------------------------------------------
Year Ended Amount Due to Changes in
--------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) December 31, 1997 Total Change Volume Rate
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest income:
Interest and fees on loans* $327,689 $ 55,230 $ 57,439 $(2,209)
Interest on securities:
Taxable 73,935 (4,957) (8,041) 3,084
Nontaxable and preferential rate income* 3,294 753 996 (243)
Interest on federal funds sold and other 5,191 2,400 2,150 250
-------- -------- -------- -------
Total interest income* 410,109 53,426 52,544 882
-------- -------- -------- -------
Interest expense:
Interest on NOW, money market and
regular savings deposits 43,706 9,508 8,414 1,094
Interest on time deposits 88,081 4,618 6,132 (1,514)
Interest on borrowings 46,418 (440) (512) 72
-------- -------- -------- -------
Total interest expense 178,205 13,686 14,034 (348)
-------- -------- -------- -------
Net interest income $231,904 $ 39,740 $ 38,510 $ 1,230
======== ======== ======== =======
* Fully taxable equivalent at the federal income tax rate of 35 percent and
includes applicable state taxes net of federal benefit. The tax equivalent
adjustment on loans was approximately $.4 million and on nontaxable and
preferential rate income securities was approximately $1.0 million.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Average earning assets for 1997 were $5.002 billion, $575 million higher
than 1996. Average securities volume decreased $114 million to $1.194 billion
due to the aforementioned portfolio restructuring. Average loan volume increased
21 percent, or $652 million, to $3.718 billion in 1997. The increase in loan
volume reflects the full year average of the loans acquired in the late 1996
Branch Purchase and loan growth during 1997. As noted in the table above, total
interest income increased $52.5 million due to changes in earning asset volume.
Average interest-bearing deposits increased $447 million to $3.328 billion due
to the full year average of deposits acquired in the Branch Purchase and deposit
growth during the year. When combined with a $9 million decrease in average
borrowings, changes in volume of interest-bearing liabilities resulted in an
increase of $14.0 million interest expense over 1996. The net positive
differential between average total earning assets and average total
interest-bearing liabilities increased $137 million in 1997 which also
contributed to the favorable volume-related variance.
Noninterest Income
Total noninterest income was $41.7 million, $1.0 million lower than 1996.
Included in 1997 was $1.2 million in realized securities losses compared with
$1.1 million in realized securities gains in 1996. The 1997 securities losses
reflect the aforementioned portfolio restructuring. Deposit account service
charges increased 35 percent, or $2.8 million, from 1996 to $10.9 million.
Corporate services income, which includes merchant credit card income net of
card processing expense, increased 27 percent, or $1.2 million, to $5.7 million.
The increase in both deposit and corporate fee income reflects the additional
volume of accounts obtained in the December 1996 Branch Purchase and new account
growth in 1997. The 1997 realized gain on the loans held-for-sale portfolio was
$2.2 million compared with a nominal gain in 1996. Other noninterest income
increased $2.0 million from 1996 due primarily to increased Debit Card income, a
new product introduced in late 1996, and the benefit of the larger branch
network and resulting increase in ATM fee income from noncustomer users. Asset
management fees, the largest component of noninterest income, remained
consistent with 1996 at $13.0 million.
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Noninterest Expense
Total noninterest expense was $190.2 million in 1997, an increase of $30.6
million over 1996. The largest component of the increase resulted from charges
related to acquisitions. 1997 included an $11.8 million restructuring charge
consisting of expenses for severance payments to former Walden executives and
staff, write-offs of certain Walden assets and contract buyouts, costs
associated with the conversion of Walden's systems to the Company's operating
systems, and certain other expenses associated with the integration of the
Walden banking subsidiaries. 1997 also included $4.4 million in acquisition and
merger-related expense primarily for professional services paid in connection
with the Walden and Firestone acquisitions. In 1996, acquisition and
merger-related expense was $5.9 million primarily related to the Branch
Purchase. Refer to Notes 2 and 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements for a further discussion of acquisitions.
Salary and employee benefits, occupancy, equipment and furniture expense
increased a combined $15.5 million due mostly to the full year's operation and
support for the twenty banking branches acquired in December 1996. The $4.2
million increase in intangible asset amortization resulted from the premiums
paid in the purchase of the branches and associated assets. Data processing
services expense increased $2.7 million largely as a result of a higher use of
nonaffiliated banks' ATM's by new customers. The increase in advertising and
promotion is consistent with the Company's growth in assets and reflects the
many product promotions in 1997 and the advertising campaign, "THE other BIG
BANK." Deposit insurance premiums decreased from 1996, which included the $5.0
million one-time SAIF assessment. Refer to Note 14 to the Notes to Consolidated
Financial Statements for a further discussion of the one-time SAIF assessment.
Other noninterest expense increased $5.2 million reflecting higher costs
associated with operating an expanded branch network. Communications expenses,
including telephone, stationery and supplies, postage and delivery charges
accounted for most of the other noninterest expense increase.
cautionary statement regarding forward-looking information
The preceding discussion and Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of this
Form 10-K contain certain forward-looking statements, including without
limitation the statements regarding (i) rates of loan growth and amortization;
(ii) expectations regarding future operating efficiencies; (iii) effects on net
interest margin from changes in market interest rates; (iv) the rate of
delinquencies and amounts of chargeoffs; (v) the level of reserve for possible
loan losses; (vi) the Company's ability to minimize any detrimental effects of
the Year 2000 issue, estimated completion dates of various phases of the Year
2000 Readiness Program, and estimated associated expense; (vii) utilization of
deferred tax assets; (viii) timing of completion of acquisitions; and (ix) the
purchase of a new operations center. Moreover, the Company may from time to
time, in both written reports and oral statements by Company management, express
its expectations regarding future performance of the Company and estimates of
the effects of its acquisition activities. These forward-looking statements are
inherently uncertain and actual results may differ from Company expectations.
Risk factors that could impact current and future performance include but are
not limited to: (i) adverse changes in asset quality and the resulting credit
risk-related losses and expenses; (ii) adverse changes in the economy of the New
England region, the Company's primary market, which could further accentuate
credit-related losses and expenses; (iii) adverse changes in the local real
estate market that can also negatively affect credit risk as most of the
Company's loans are concentrated in Eastern Massachusetts and a substantial
portion of these loans have real estate as primary and secondary collateral;
(iv) the consequences of continued bank acquisitions and mergers in the
Company's market, resulting in fewer but much larger and financially stronger
competitors which could increase competition for financial services to the
Company's detriment; (v) fluctuations in market rates and prices can negatively
affect net interest margin, asset valuations, asset management fees and expense
expectations; (vi) the various risk factors discussed under the caption "Risks
of Year 2000 Issues" of this Form 10-K; and (vii) changes in the regulatory
requirements of federal and state agencies applicable to bank holding companies
and banks, such as the Company and its Subsidiary Banks, which could have a
materially adverse effect on the Company's future operating results.
item 7a. quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk
Refer to Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations of this Form 10-K under "Interest Rate Risk" for a discussion of
market risk.
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item 8. financial statements and supplementary material
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
index to financial statements
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Financial Statements Page
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Report of Independent Public Accountants 34
Consolidated Balance Sheets - December 31, 1998 and 1997 36
Consolidated Statements of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 37
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Investment for the Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 38
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 39
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 40
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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34
report of independent public accountants
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of UST Corp.:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of UST Corp. and
subsidiaries (a Massachusetts corporation) as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, and
the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders'
investment and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 1998. These consolidated financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We did
not audit the financial statements of the Somerset Savings Bank as of December
31, 1997 and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 1997, a
bank acquired during 1998 in a transaction accounted for as a pooling of
interests, as discussed in Note 2 to the Notes to Consolidated Financial
Statements. Such statements are included in the consolidated financial
statements of UST Corp. and subsidiaries and reflect total assets of 9.8 percent
in 1997 and net interest income of 8.6 percent and 9.7 percent, respectively, in
1997 and 1996 of the related consolidated totals. These statements were audited
by other auditors whose report has been furnished to us and our opinion on the
consolidated financial statements of UST Corp. and subsidiaries for the years
ending December 31, 1997 and 1996, insofar as it relates to amounts included for
the Somerset Savings Bank, is based solely upon the report of the other
auditors.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements were
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis,
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial
statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall
consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits and
the report of other auditors provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, based on our audits and the report of other auditors, the
consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all
material respects, the financial position of UST Corp. and subsidiaries as of
December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the results of their operations and their cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998, in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
s/ Arthur Andersen LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
January 28, 1999
34
35
report of independent public accountants
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of Somerset Savings Bank:
We have audited the consolidated balance sheet of Somerset Savings Bank and
subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997, and the related consolidated statements of
income, changes in stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the years in
the two-year period ended December 31, 1997. These consolidated financial
statements are the responsibility of the Bank's management. Our responsibility
is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our
audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Somerset
Savings Bank and subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997, and the results of their
operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period
ended December 31, 1997, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
s/ Wolf & Company, P.C.
Boston, Massachusetts
January 23, 1998
35
36
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consolidated balance sheets
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
-----------------------
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts) 1998 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets
Cash, due from banks and interest-bearing deposits (Note 4) $ 126,861 $ 120,521
Federal funds sold and other short-term investments 7,969 81,000
Securities (Notes 1 and 5):
Securities available-for-sale:
Mortgage-backed securities 1,077,543 535,714
U.S. Treasury, federal agencies and other securities 212,074 411,722
---------- ----------
Total securities available-for-sale 1,289,617 947,436
Securities held-to-maturity (market value $261,951) 260,307
---------- ----------
Total securities 1,289,617 1,207,743
Loans (Notes 6, 18, and 20):
Loans, net of unearned discount of $42,779 in 1998 and $32,406 in 1997 4,296,103 3,967,529
Reserve for possible loan losses (65,274) (68,539)
---------- ----------
Total loans, net 4,230,829 3,898,990
Premises, furniture and equipment, net (Note 7) 90,424 85,692
Intangible assets, net (Note 1) 51,959 58,991
Other property owned, net (Notes 1 and 8) 4,660 7,046
Other assets (Notes 12 and 15) 98,558 72,995
---------- ----------
Total Assets $5,900,877 $5,532,978
========== ==========
Liabilities and Stockholders' Investment
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing $ 847,341 $ 781,926
Interest-bearing:
NOW 69,739 128,293
Money market 964,705 786,358
Regular savings 962,852 866,164
Time:
Certificates of deposit over $100 thousand (Note 9) 300,543 326,102
Other (Note 9) 1,088,491 1,276,697
---------- ----------
Total deposits 4,233,671 4,165,540
Short-term borrowings (Note 10) 986,082 619,381
Other borrowings (Note 11) 76,043 196,845
Other liabilities (Notes 12 and 15) 71,536 62,156
---------- ----------
Total liabilities 5,367,332 5,043,922
Commitments and contingencies (Notes 19 and 20)
Stockholders' investment (Notes 1 and 17):
Preferred stock $1 par value; authorized - 4,000,000 shares; outstanding - none
Common stock $0.625 par value; authorized - 75,000,000 shares and 45,000,000 shares in 1998 and
1997, respectively; Issued - 42,824,177 and 42,446,618 shares in 1998 and 1997, respectively 26,765 26,528
Additional paid-in capital 201,936 195,047
Retained earnings 300,003 268,049
Accumulated other comprehensive income 7,563 3,164
Treasury stock at cost: 80,451 shares and 348,975 shares in 1998 and 1997, respectively (1,866) (3,402)
Other (856) (330)
---------- ----------
Total stockholders' investment 533,545 489,056
---------- ----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' investment $5,900,877 $5,532,978
========== ==========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
36
37
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
consolidated statements of income
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts) 1998 1997 1996
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest income:
Interest and fees on loans $351,753 $327,308 $271,984
Interest and dividends on securities:
Taxable 70,645 73,935 78,892
Nontaxable and preferential rate income 2,337 2,301 1,745
Interest on federal funds sold and other short-term investments 3,910 5,191 2,791
-------- -------- --------
Total interest income 428,645 408,735 355,412
-------- -------- --------
Interest expense:
Interest on deposits 130,100 131,787 117,661
Interest on borrowings 46,230 46,418 46,858
-------- -------- --------
Total interest expense 176,330 178,205 164,519
-------- -------- --------
Net interest income 252,315 230,530 190,893
Provision (credit) for possible loan losses (Note 6) 2,239 3,100 (15,495)
-------- -------- --------
Net interest income after provision for possible loan losses 250,076 227,430 206,388
-------- -------- --------
Noninterest income:
Asset management fees 15,204 13,093 12,947
Deposit account service charges 12,049 10,871 8,059
Corporate services income, net 6,156 5,689 4,471
Securities gains (losses), net 3,927 (1,241) 1,132
Gain on sale of loans 658 2,185 121
Gain on sale of bank subsidiary 6,806
Other 10,810 11,077 9,100
-------- -------- --------
Total noninterest income 48,804 41,674 42,636
-------- -------- --------
Noninterest expense:
Salary and employee benefits 98,052 91,483 80,700
Occupancy, net 16,065 15,334 12,985
Restructuring charges (Notes 2 and 14) 11,505 11,751
Equipment depreciation and maintenance 10,890 9,126 6,778
Data processing services 9,013 7,143 4,477
Acquisition and merger-related expense (Notes 2 and 14) 8,071 4,418 5,933
Intangible asset amortization 6,697 7,142 2,910
Advertising and promotion 5,536 5,998 4,953
Professional and consulting fees 5,430 6,415 7,009
Year 2000 readiness expense 5,381 100
Foreclosed asset and workout expense 3,384 2,474 4,544
Deposit insurance assessment 1,794 2,116 7,859
Other 27,415 26,744 21,501
-------- -------- --------
Total noninterest expense 209,233 190,244 159,649
-------- -------- --------
Income before income taxes 89,647 78,860 89,375
Income tax provision (Note 15) 34,361 28,644 32,762
-------- -------- --------
Net income $ 55,286 $ 50,216 $ 56,613
======== ======== ========
Per share data (Note 16):
Basic earnings per share $ 1.30 $ 1.20 $ 1.38
Diluted earnings per share $ 1.28 $ 1.18 $ 1.35
Cash dividends declared $ 0.54 $ 0.38 $ 0.29
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
37
38
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
consolidated statements of changes in stockholders' investment
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Accumulated
Additional Other
Comprehensive Common Paid-in Retained Comprehensive Treasury
(Dollars in thousands) Income (Loss) Stock Capital Earnings Income (Loss) Stock Other Total
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance December 31, 1995,
as previously stated
in the 1997 Form 10-K $ 18,138 $ 111,629 $ 147,415 $ 1,067 $ 144 $ 278,393
Adjustments for the
Somerset Saving
Bank pooling of
interests (Note 2) 1,978 33,271 (8,214) 27,035
Adjustments for the
Affiliated Community
Bancorp, Inc. pooling
of interests (Note 2) 5,835 42,481 51,563 90 (679) 99,290
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance, December 31, 1995,
as restated 25,951 187,381 190,764 1,157 (535) 404,718
Comprehensive income (Note 1):
Net income $ 56,613 56,613 56,613
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized securities
losses, net of $2,934
tax benefit (3,603)
Less: Reclassification
of securities gains
included in net income,
net of $470 tax expense 662
---------
Total other
comprehensive
income (4,265) (4,265) (4,265)
---------
Total
comprehensive
income $ 52,348
=========
Cash dividends declared (11,911) (11,911)
Treasury stock acquired (13,994) (13,994)
Activity related to stock
option, restricted stock
and stock purchase plans 229 (173) (1,738) 10,450 (910) 7,858
Other stockholders'
investment activity 16 543 34 142 517 1,252
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance, December 31, 1996 26,196 187,751 233,762 (3,108) (3,402) (928) 440,271
Comprehensive income (Note 1):
Net income $ 50,216 50,216 50,216
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized securities
gains, net of $3,699
tax expense 5,546
Less: Reclassification
of securities losses
included in net
income, net of $515
tax benefit (726)
---------
Total other
comprehensive
income 6,272 6,272 6,272
---------
Total comprehensive
income $ 56,488
=========
Cash dividends declared (15,980) (15,980)
Stock issued under stock
option, restricted stock
and stock purchase plans 332 6,936 7,268
Other stockholders'
investment activity 360 51 598 1,009
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance, December 31, 1997 26,528 195,047 268,049 3,164 (3,402) (330) 489,056
Comprehensive income (Note 1):
Net income $ 55,286 55,286 55,286
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized securities
gains, net of $4,635
tax expense 6,696
Less: Reclassification
of securities gains
included in net
income, net of
$1,630 tax expense 2,297
---------
Total other
comprehensive
income 4,399 4,399 4,399
---------
Total comprehensive
income $ 59,685
=========
Treasury stock retired in
connection with
acquisition of Affiliated (3,402) 3,402
Cash dividends declared (23,126) (23,126)
Activity related to stock
option, restricted stock
and stock purchase plans 237 9,763 513 10,513
Treasury stock acquired (2,379) (2,379)
Other stockholders'
investment activity 528 (206) (526) (204)
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------
Balance, December 31, 1998 $ 26,765 $ 201,936 $ 300,003 $ 7,563 $ (1,866) $ (856) $ 533,545
========= ========= ========= ========= ========= ========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
38
39
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
consolidated statements of cash flows
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 55,286 $ 50,216 $ 56,613
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision (credit) for possible loan losses 2,239 3,100 (15,495)
Depreciation and amortization of fixed and intangible assets 17,840 15,815 9,817
(Accretion) amortization of securities discount or premium, net (623) 255 470
Gain on sale of bank subsidiary (6,806)
Securities (gains) losses, net (3,927) 1,241 (1,132)
Loss (gain) on sale of other property owned, net 393 (459) (923)
Gain on sale of loans held-for-sale (658) (2,185) (121)
Writedowns of other property owned 2,726 1,353 1,616
Writedowns of fixed assets and other assets, net 2,596 1,158
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense (6,442) 4,047 4,541
Net change in other assets and other liabilities (12,741) (13,270) 24,849
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by operating activities 56,689 61,271 73,429
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale 353,257 297,735 55,046
Proceeds from maturities of securities available-for-sale 207,559 235,592 224,760
Proceeds from maturities of securities held-to-maturity 139,886 91,505 100,464
Purchases of securities available-for-sale (766,733) (465,247) (321,528)
Purchases of securities held-to-maturity (19,011) (91,672) (140,156)
Net decrease (increase) in federal funds sold and other 69,738 67,365 (114,167)
Net increase in loans (349,488) (392,257) (218,256)
Proceeds from other property owned 8,877 12,251 12,578
Net cash proceeds from sale of bank subsidiary (Note 2) 7,795 11,989
Net cash acquired from Branch Purchase (Note 2) 176,862
Net purchases of premises and equipment (16,098) (14,009) (14,967)
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash used by investing activities (364,218) (258,737) (227,375)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net increase in nontime deposits 284,654 174,652 57,879
Net (decrease) increase in certificates of deposit (198,823) 37,600 21,590
Net increase (decrease) in borrowings 245,899 (42,424) 102,207
Cash dividends paid (21,268) (14,703) (10,468)
Treasury stock acquired (2,379) (13,994)
Issuance of common stock for cash, net 5,786 4,049 8,709
--------- --------- ---------
Net cash provided by financing activities 313,869 159,174 165,923
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 6,340 (38,292) 11,977
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 120,521 158,813 146,836
--------- --------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 126,861 $ 120,521 $ 158,813
========= ========= =========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest $ 171,856 $ 176,839 $ 164,541
========= ========= =========
Income taxes $ 36,853 $ 22,148 $ 29,103
========= ========= =========
Noncash transactions:
Transfers from other assets to securities available-for-sale $ 180 $ 4,180
========= =========
Transfers from securities held-to-maturity to available-for-sale (Note 1) $ 168,245 $ 145,564
========= =========
Transfers from loans to other property owned $ 14,531 $ 11,652 $ 11,117
========= ========= =========
Securitization and transfer of loans to securities available-for-sale $ 2,326
=========
Financed other property owned sales $ 162 $ 2,047
========= =========
Common stock issuance $ 4,727 $ 1,299 $ 634
========= ========= =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial
statements.
39
40
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
note 1. nature of operations and summary of significant accounting policies
UST Corp. is a bank holding company with two banking subsidiaries:
USTrust, the largest banking subsidiary, which represents 99 percent of the
Company's total assets, and United States Trust Company ("USTC"), each
headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. UST Corp. and its banking and nonbanking
subsidiaries (the "Company") provide a broad range of financial services
principally to individuals and small- and medium-sized companies in the New
England region. Included in these services are commercial banking, retail
consumer financial services, trust and money management, and equipment leasing.
The Company, through its banking subsidiaries, presently operates 87 banking
branches and 117 automated teller and cash dispensing machines throughout
eastern Massachusetts.
The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform with
generally accepted accounting principles and general practice in the banking
industry. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires the Company to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reporting and disclosure of assets and liabilities,
including those that are of a contingent nature at the date of the financial
statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the
reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The
significant accounting and reporting policies of the Company are summarized
below.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of UST Corp.
and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and
transactions have been eliminated. The parent company only financial statements
contained in Note 21 reflect investments in subsidiaries using the equity method
of accounting.
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year balances to conform
with the current year presentation. All applicable prior-period amounts included
in these financial statements have been restated to reflect the January 3, 1997
acquisition of Walden Bancorp, Inc. ("Walden"), the October 15, 1997 acquisition
of Firestone Financial Corp. ("Firestone"), the July 20, 1998 acquisition of
Somerset Savings Bank ("Somerset"), and the August 7, 1998 acquisition of
Affiliated Community Bancorp, Inc. ("Affiliated") as poolings of interests.
Refer to Note 2 for a further discussion of acquisitions. Assets owned by others
and held in a fiduciary or agency capacity are not included in the consolidated
balance sheets.
Securities
The Company classifies investments in debt and equity securities in accordance
with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115 ("SFAS No. 115"),
"Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities." This
Statement addresses the accounting and reporting for investments in equity
securities that have readily determinable fair values and for all investments in
debt securities. Under this statement such securities are classified as
held-to-maturity, trading, or available-for-sale.
Securities Held-to-Maturity - Debt securities which management has the
positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as
held-to-maturity, and are carried at cost adjusted for the amortization of
premium or the accretion of discount. Securities classified by the Company as
held-to-maturity were $260 million at December 31, 1997. All of the year-end
1997 held-to-maturity securities were owned by Somerset and Affiliated and were
redesignated as available-for-sale upon the closing of the Somerset and
Affiliated acquisitions as allowed under SFAS No. 115.
Trading Securities - Debt and equity securities with readily determinable
market values that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling
them in the near term are classified as trading securities and are carried at
fair value, with unrealized gains and losses included in current earnings. At
December 31, 1998 and 1997, there were no securities classified by the Company
as trading.
Securities Available-for-Sale - Debt and equity securities not classified
as either held-to-maturity or trading are classified as available-for-sale and
carried at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported as a separate
component of stockholders' investment, net of tax. At December 31, 1998,
stockholders' investment included an unrealized gain of $7.6 million net of a
deferred tax provision of $5.3 million.
For mortgage-backed securities, the Company recalculates the effective
yield on the investment to reflect the actual prepayment results and estimated
future prepayments. The net investment in these securities is adjusted to the
amount that would have existed had the new estimated average life and effective
yield been applied since the acquisition of the securities. Such adjustments are
reflected in interest income in the current period.
40
41
The Company determines the securities sold by the specific identification
method. The amount of taxes paid on gains is dependent upon the overall results
of operations of the subsidiary realizing the gain. Realized gains and losses,
and declines in value judged to be other than temporary are included in
noninterest income as securities gains (losses).
Loans Held-for-Sale
Loans held-for-sale are carried at the lower of aggregate cost or market value
and included in other assets. Adjustments to market value and realized gains and
losses are classified as noninterest income. The balances of loans held-for-sale
were insignificant at December 31, 1998 and 1997.
Premises, Furniture and Equipment
Premises, furniture and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated
depreciation and amortization. The Company provides for depreciation using the
straight-line method by charges to expense in amounts estimated to amortize the
cost over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Buildings and building improvements 10-40 years
Computer equipment 3-5 years
All other furniture and equipment 3-10 years
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease agreements.
Loans and Leases
Commercial and commercial real estate loans that are recognized by the Company
as nonaccrual and restructured are classified as "impaired loans" by the
Company. Consumer loans and lease financings recognized as nonaccrual are
collectively evaluated for impairment, and are excluded from impaired loans in
accordance with SFAS No. 114, "Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a
Loan." Loan impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future
cash flows, discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or, as a practical
expedient, at the loan's observable market price or the fair value of the
collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.
Loans are stated at their principal amount net of unearned discount, if
any. Certain loans are made on a discounted basis. The unearned discount
applicable to such loans is recorded as income monthly by use of the actuarial
method. Interest income on nondiscounted loans is accrued based on the principal
amount of loans outstanding. Loans and leases are placed on nonaccrual, with the
reversal of all uncollected accrued interest, when there is doubt as to the
collectibility of interest or principal or if loans or leases are 90 days or
more past due unless they are both well secured and in the process of
collection. In every case, a loan or lease reaching 180 days past due is placed
on nonaccrual. Interest received on impaired loans, nonaccrual leases and
nonaccrual consumer loans is applied to principal if collection of principal is
doubtful; otherwise, it is reflected in interest income on a cash basis.
Restructured loans are those on which concessions in terms have been
granted as a result of deterioration of a borrower's financial condition and for
which doubt no longer exists as to collectibility of restructured principle or
interest. Interest on these loans is accrued at the new terms.
Discount and premiums on purchased loans are amortized to income using the
interest method over the remaining period to contractual maturity, adjusted for
anticipated prepayments.
Reserve for Possible Loan Losses
The reserve for possible loan losses is maintained at a level considered
adequate by management to provide for possible losses from loans and leases.
Adequacy of the reserve is determined by management using a consistent,
systematic methodology which analyzes the size and risk of the loan and lease
portfolio. Factors include historical loss experience and asset quality, as
reflected by delinquency trends, nonaccrual and restructured loans and the
Company's credit risk rating profile. Consideration is also given to the current
and expected economic conditions and, in particular, how such conditions affect
the types of credits in the portfolio and the market area in general. The
analysis includes sensitivity testing and supports a written conclusion. The
reserve is based on estimates, and ultimate losses may vary from current
estimates. These estimates are reviewed periodically and, as adjustments become
necessary, they are reported in earnings in the current period.
When a loan, classified as impaired or otherwise, or a lease, or portion
thereof, is considered uncollectible, it is charged against the reserve.
Recoveries on amounts previously charged off are added to the reserve when
collected. Amounts are charged off once the probability of loss has been
established, after having given consideration to such factors as level of
collateral and guarantees, prospective economic conditions and financial
strength of the customer.
41
42
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
Other Property Owned
Other property owned consists of equipment, vehicles and other real estate owned
("OREO"). OREO includes properties acquired through foreclosure or in settlement
of loans. All OREO is held for sale and carried at the lower of the loan value
or fair value of the property acquired, less estimated costs to sell ("net
realizable value"). At the time of foreclosure, the excess, if any, of the loan
value over the net realizable value, is charged to the reserve for possible loan
losses. The carrying value of OREO is reviewed periodically. Subsequent declines
in the fair value of the property and net operating results of the property are
charged to foreclosed asset and workout expense.
Other vehicles owned are acquired through repossession or in settlement of
loans or leases. Repossessed vehicles are carried at the lower of the net
investment in the loan or lease, or the estimated proceeds from insurance and
sale at auction.
Other equipment owned is acquired through repossession or in settlement of
loans or leases. The equipment is carried at the lower of the net investment in
the loan or lease, or the estimated fair value of the equipment less estimated
selling costs.
Stock-based Compensation
On January 1, 1996, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for
Stock-based Compensation," which establishes a fair value-based method of
accounting for stock options and similar equity instruments of employee stock
compensation plans. This Statement provides the option of adopting the new fair
value method or to continue to measure compensation cost for those plans using
the current intrinsic value-based method as prescribed by Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," ("APB No.
25"). Under this Statement, the continued use of the intrinsic value-based
method, requires pro forma disclosure of net income and earnings per share as if
the fair value-based method had been applied. The Company continues to use the
intrinsic value-based method under the provisions of APB No. 25 and has
disclosed the required pro forma information in Note 13.
Income Taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected at currently enacted income
tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets or
liabilities are expected to be realized or settled. As changes in tax laws or
rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the
income tax provision.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets include goodwill and core deposit intangibles and are stated
at cost less accumulated amortization. Cost of purchased businesses in excess of
net assets acquired ("goodwill") includes amounts being amortized using lives
ranging from twelve- to twenty-five years with an insignificant amount at forty
years. Values assigned to deposits of purchased businesses ("core deposit
intangibles") are being amortized over seven- and fifteen-year periods using an
accelerated method.
On a periodic basis, the Company reviews its goodwill and core deposit
intangible assets for events or changes in circumstances that may indicate that
the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable, and, if appropriate,
reduces the carrying amount through a charge to income in accordance with SFAS
No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-lived Assets and for Long-lived
Assets to be Disposed of."
Goodwill, net of accumulated amortization totaled $30.3 million and $32.8
million at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Core deposit intangibles,
net of accumulated amortization totaled $20.9 million and $24.9 million at
December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively.
Statements of Cash Flows
For the purpose of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash
on hand, amounts due from banks and interest-bearing deposits.
Recent Accounting Developments
On January 1, 1998, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income" ("SFAS No. 130"), which
requires companies to report all changes in stockholders' investment during a
period, except those resulting from investment by owners and distribution to
owners, in a financial statement for the period in which they are recognized.
The Company has chosen, as allowed by SFAS No. 130, to disclose Comprehensive
Income, which encompasses net income and unrealized gains or losses on
securities available-for-sale, in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in
Stockholders' Investment. Prior years have been presented to conform to SFAS No.
130 requirements. The impact of this Statement for the year ended December 31,
1998 was to increase
42
43
reported net income of $55.3 million to a total comprehensive net income of
$59.7 million. The impact for the year ended December 31, 1997 was to increase
reported net income of $50.2 million to a total comprehensive net income of
$56.5 million and for the year ended December 31, 1996, a decrease from $56.6
million to $52.3 million.
On December 31, 1998, the Company adopted SFAS No. 131, "Disclosures About
Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information." This Statement changes the
way public companies report segment information in annual financial statements
and requires public companies to report selected segment information in interim
financial reports to shareholders. Under the Statement's "management approach,"
public companies are to report financial and descriptive information about their
operating segments. Operating segments are components of an enterprise for which
separate financial information is produced internally and are subject to
evaluation by the chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate
resources to segments and assess segment performance. Refer to Note 3 for the
additional disclosures under this Statement.
Also, on January 1, 1998, the Company adopted SFAS No. 132, "Employers'
Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits." This Statement
does not change the recognition or measurement associated with pension or
postretirement plans. It standardizes certain disclosures, requires additional
information about changes in the benefit obligations and about change in the
fair value of plan assets to facilitate analysis, and it eliminates certain
disclosures that were not deemed useful. Refer to Note 12 for the disclosures
required under this Statement.
In March 1998, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
("AICPA") issued Statement of Position of 98-1, "Accounting for the Costs of
Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use" ("SOP 98-1"). SOP 98-1
requires computer software costs associated with internal use software to be
expensed as incurred until certain capitalization criteria are met. SOP 98-1 is
effective for financial statements for fiscal years beginning after December 15,
1998. The Company does not believe that adoption of SOP 98-1 will have a
material impact on the Company's financial position or results of operations.
In April 1998, the AICPA issued Statement of Position 98-5, "Reporting on
the Costs of Start-up Activities" ("SOP 98-5"). SOP 98-5 requires all costs
associated with pre-opening, pre-operating and organization activities to be
expensed as incurred. SOP 98-5 is effective for financial statements for fiscal
years beginning after December 15, 1998. The Company does not believe that
adoption of SOP 98-5 will have a material impact on the Company's financial
position or results of operations.
In June 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities." This Statement establishes accounting and
reporting standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities. The
Statement is effective for all fiscal quarters of fiscal years beginning after
June 15, 1999. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this Statement
will have a material impact on the Company's financial position or results of
operations.
In October 1998, the FASB issued SFAS No. 134, "Accounting for
Mortgage-Backed Securities Retained After the Securitization of Mortgage Loans
Held for Sale by a Mortgage Banking Enterprise." This Statement further amends
SFAS No. 65, "Accounting for Certain Mortgage Banking Activities," as amended by
SFAS No. 115 and SFAS No. 125. This Statement requires that after the
securitization of mortgage loans held for sale, an entity engaged in mortgage
banking activities classify the resulting mortgage-backed securities or other
retained interests based on its ability and intent to sell or hold those
investments. This Statement is effective for the first fiscal quarter beginning
after December 15, 1998. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this
Statement will have a material impact on the Company's financial position or
results of operations.
note 2. acquisitions and divestitures
Branch Purchase
In the fourth quarter of 1996 the Company completed its acquisition of twenty
banking branches (the "Branch Purchase") from The First National Bank of Boston
("FNBB"), BayBank, N.A. ("BayBank") and their parent company, Bank of Boston
Corporation. The transaction included the assumption of approximately $149
million in noninterest-bearing deposits, $378 million in savings deposits, $140
million of certificates of deposit, $77 million of repurchase agreements, $8
million in premises and equipment, and $508 million in commercial, residential
real estate, and other loans. USTrust paid a premium equal to 7 percent of
average deposit liabilities assumed or approximately $49 million.
UST Bank/Connecticut
In November 1996, the Company completed the sale of its Connecticut banking
subsidiary, UST Bank/Connecticut ("UST/Conn"). The Company received cash of $13
million representing UST/Conn's capital plus a deposit premium of 7 percent and
recorded a $6.8 million gain on the sale in noninterest income. The positive
effect on capital from
43
44
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
the gain and cash proceeds received in the sale transaction provided the Company
with a portion of the necessary funds to contribute capital to USTrust to
facilitate the aforementioned Branch Purchase. At the time of the sale, UST/Conn
had total assets of $107 million, including loans of $70 million, securities of
$22 million and federal funds sold of $15 million. Liabilities totaled $101
million and included noninterest-bearing deposits of $22 million, $41 million in
savings deposits, certificates of deposit of $32 million and $4 million in other
borrowings.
Walden Bancorp, Inc.
On January 3, 1997, the Company completed its acquisition of Walden Bancorp,
Inc. ("Walden"), a $1.0 billion multi-bank holding company headquartered in
Acton, Massachusetts. The transaction was accounted for as a pooling of
interests and was structured as a tax-free exchange of 1.9 shares of the
Company's common stock for each share of Walden common stock. The Company's
outstanding stock increased by 10,125,540 shares to a total of 28,144,163 shares
on the date of acquisition. Based on the closing price of the Company's stock as
of January 3, 1997, the market value of the shares exchanged totaled $207
million. Walden's two subsidiary banks, The Braintree Savings Bank and The
Co-operative Bank of Concord operated a total of seventeen branches located in
the Massachusetts counties of Middlesex, Norfolk and Plymouth. The Co-operative
Bank of Concord and the Braintree Savings Bank were merged into and with USTrust
in the second quarter of 1997. In 1997, the Company recognized a nondeductible
charge of $2.9 million in acquisition and merger-related expense and a pre-tax
$11.8 million restructuring charge associated with the transaction. Also, upon
the completion of the acquisition, the Company redesignated $146 million of
former Walden securities from the held-to-maturity classification to securities
available-for-sale.
Firestone Financial Corp.
On October 15, 1997, the Company completed its acquisition of Firestone
Financial Corp. ("Firestone"), an $85 million small business equipment finance
company headquartered in Newton, Massachusetts. The transaction was accounted
for as a pooling of interests and was structured as a tax-free exchange of 0.59
shares of the Company's common stock for each share of Firestone common stock.
The Company's outstanding stock increased by 1,180,000 to a total of 29,716,593
shares on the date of acquisition. Based on the closing price of the Company's
stock as of October 15, 1997, the market value of the shares exchanged totaled
$31 million. Firestone operates as a wholly-owned subsidiary of USTrust. The
Company recognized a nondeductible charge of $1.0 million in acquisition and
merger-related expenses associated with the transaction.
Somerset Savings Bank
On July 20, 1998, the Company completed its acquisition of Somerset Savings Bank
("Somerset"), a $524 million Massachusetts savings bank headquartered in
Somerville. The transaction was accounted for as a pooling of interests and was
structured as a tax-free exchange of 0.19 shares of the Company's common stock
for each share of Somerset common stock. The Company's outstanding stock
increased by 3,203,373 shares to a total of 33,100,551 shares on the date of
acquisition. Based on the closing price of the Company's stock as of July 20,
1998, the market value of the shares exchanged totaled $88.9 million. Somerset
operated six branches in Middlesex County. At the date of acquisition, Somerset
was merged with and into USTrust. Also, upon the completion of the acquisition,
the Company redesignated approximately $82 million of former Somerset securities
from the held-to-maturity classification to securities available-for-sale.
Affiliated Community Bancorp, Inc.
On August 7, 1998, the Company completed its acquisition of Affiliated Community
Bancorp, Inc. ("Affiliated"), a $1.1 billion multi-bank holding company
headquartered in Waltham, Massachusetts. The transaction was accounted for as a
pooling of interests and was structured as a tax-free exchange of 1.41 shares of
the Company's common stock for each share of Affiliated common stock. The
Company's outstanding stock increased by 9,439,735 shares to a total of
42,542,386 shares on the date of acquisition. Based on the closing price of the
Company's stock as of August 7, 1998, the market value of the shares exchanged
was $225 million. Affiliated's three subsidiary banks, The Federal Savings Bank
("Federal"), Lexington Savings Bank ("Lexington") and Middlesex Bank & Trust
Company ("Middlesex"), operated a total of thirteen branch offices in Middlesex
County. In the fourth quarter of 1998, Federal and Lexington were merged with
and into USTrust. As contemplated by the terms of the agreement under which the
Affiliated acquisition was consummated, in August 1998, Middlesex Bank and Trust
Company, a $28 million bank, was sold for $8.24 million to a private investor
unaffiliated with the Company. Upon the completion of the Affiliated
acquisition, the Company redesignated approximately $86 million of former
Affiliated securities from the held-to-maturity classification to securities
44
45
available-for-sale. The Company recognized a nondeductible charge of $8.1
million in acquisition and merger-related expense and a pre-tax $11.5 million
restructuring charge associated with the Somerset and Affiliated acquisition
transactions.
The following presentation reflects key line items on a historical basis
for Somerset, Affiliated and UST Corp. and on a pro forma combined basis
assuming the mergers were in effect for the periods presented:
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Historical Historical Historical UST Corp.
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts) UST Corp. Somerset Affiliated Restated
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Six months ended June 30, 1998
Net interest income $ 95,731 $ 10,909 $ 18,211 $ 124,851
Net income 25,390 4,376 6,418 36,184
Net income per diluted share 0.83 0.26 0.94 0.84
Total assets 3,915,358 524,149 1,122,980 5,562,487
Total deposits 2,991,896 444,182 733,848 4,169,926
Total shareholders' investment 362,099 40,485 119,083 521,667
Year ended December 31, 1997
Net interest income $ 175,205 $ 19,826 $ 35,499 $ 230,530
Net income 32,393 5,967 11,856 50,216
Net income per diluted share 1.08 0.35 1.78 1.18
Total assets 3,838,258 539,672 1,155,048 5,532,978
Total deposits 2,978,215 455,886 731,439 4,165,540
Total shareholders' investment 340,126 35,877 113,053 489,056
Year ended December 31, 1996
Net interest income $ 141,086 $ 18,530 $ 31,277 $ 190,893
Net income 45,277 2,813 8,523 56,613
Net income per diluted share 1.53 0.17 1.32 1.35
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Brewer & Lord LLP - Pending
On December 17, 1998, the Company announced the execution of a definitive
agreement under which USTrust will acquire Brewer & Lord LLP, an independent
insurance agency headquartered in Norwell, Massachusetts. The purchase of Brewer
& Lord is structured as an all-cash transaction and is expected to close in the
second quarter of 1999. Through its nine offices, Brewer & Lord specializes in
providing personal, commercial and employee benefit-related insurance products
to consumers and medium-size and large business located primarily in eastern
Massachusetts. The acquisition is subject to the approval of the Massachusetts
Commissioner of Banks and the Massachusetts Commissioner of Insurance. Under the
agreement, Brewer & Lord will operate as a wholly-owned subsidiary of USTrust.
note 3. business segments
The Company provides a broad range of financial services to individuals and
small- and medium-sized companies. It services a single geographic area, the New
England region with its principal customer base in eastern Massachusetts. The
Company's operations include three reportable "operating segments," Retail
Banking, Commercial Banking and Treasury, all organized around products and
services. Retail Banking services include direct and indirect consumer loans and
leasing, consumer deposit products, residential loans, private banking and
mutual funds. Commercial Banking provides a broad range of financial services
principally to small- and medium-sized companies. Such services include
commercial lending, real estate financing, construction lending, cash management
services, merchant services, government banking and international trade
services. The Treasury group is charged with asset/liability risk management of
the Company, including the securities portfolio and interest-bearing
liabilities.
The information presented herein includes allocations of income or expense
on excess funds used/provided at a market rate of interest to reflect the value
of the net funds each segment provides or uses in its operations. The rate is
applied without regard to differences in the risk profile of the operating
segments. A provision for possible loan losses is assigned to units involved in
credit extension based upon management's expectation of normalized losses.
Operating expenses of the Company's support groups, including Data
Processing, Finance, Legal, Human Resources, among others, are charged to
business segments based on allocation criteria determined by the Company.
Federal and
45
46
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
state income taxes are applied using the Company's consolidated effective tax
rate. Assets of business segments that are net fund providers reflect the excess
funds sold balances in their respective asset balances while net funds users
reflect excess funds purchased as a part of liability balances. Expenditures for
additions to long-lived assets are not material. No one customer is responsible
for more than 10 percent of revenues. Operating segment interest income is
reported net of interest expense consistent with Company methodology.
The historical financial results prior to merger and/or system conversions
of acquired institutions accounted for as poolings of interest are not combined
with the Company's operating segment results. Such segment information is not
readily determinable. Therefore, the operating segment financial information
presented is not indicative of segment results for a full year or any interim
period.
Exhibited in the table below is selected financial information by
operating segment and a reconciliation of the reportable segment data to the
Company's consolidated total for each of the three years ended December 31,
1998.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Retail Commercial Reconciliation UST Corp.
(Dollars in thousands) Banking Banking Treasury All Other (1) Column (2) Acquisitions (3) Consolidated
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year ended December 31, 1998
Net interest income -
external sources $ 51,265 $ 101,189 $ 40,057 $ 10,728 $ 2,319 $ 46,757 $ 252,315
Interest on funds (used)/
provided - internal
transactions 64,587 (19,157) (33,996) (657) (10,777)
---------- ---------- ---------- -------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Total net interest
income 115,852 82,032 6,061 10,071 (8,458) 46,757 252,315
Noninterest income 17,129 8,672 845 17,997 722 3,439 48,804
Income taxes 13,828 14,441 2,385 4,468 (6,852) 6,091 34,361
Net income 21,626 22,588 3,731 7,061 (9,248) 9,528 55,286
Total assets (4) 3,844,200 1,982,782 1,303,144 127,220 (1,356,469) 5,900,877
Year ended December 31, 1997
Net interest income -
external sources $ 29,079 $ 86,456 $ 40,857 $ 3,626 $ (933) $ 71,445 $ 230,530
Interest on funds (used)/
provided - internal
transactions 60,775 (16,664) (36,859) (1,053) (6,199)
---------- ---------- ---------- -------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Total net interest
income 89,854 69,792 3,998 2,573 (7,132) 71,445 230,530
Noninterest income 11,607 8,128 (1,391) 13,743 2,945 6,642 41,674
Income taxes 12,680 12,268 637 1,187 (7,218) 9,090 28,644
Net income 19,831 19,188 996 1,588 (14,346) 22,959 50,216
Total assets (4) 2,578,783 1,317,017 807,354 123,785 (985,306) 1,691,345 5,532,978
Year ended December 31, 1996
Net interest income -
external sources $ 2,398 $ 60,952 $ 29,242 $ 2,898 $ 636 $ 94,767 $ 190,893
Interest on funds (used)/
provided - internal
transactions 38,360 (8,280) (29,661) (1,281) 862
---------- ---------- ---------- -------- ----------- ---------- ----------
Total net interest
income 40,758 52,672 (419) 1,617 1,498 94,767 190,893
Noninterest income 2,871 8,686 1,592 14,699 4,084 10,704 42,636
Income taxes 5,764 7,438 (403) 604 7,611 11,748 32,762
Net income 6,877 11,093 (246) 862 14,076 23,951 56,613
Total assets (4) 1,787,415 968,298 733,871 32,809 (815,779) 2,623,996 5,330,610
(1) Includes three operating segments, equipment financing, asset management
and the nonperforming asset workout group. None of these segments meet the
quantitative thresholds for determining reportable segments or aggregation
criteria under FASB No. 131.
(2) Reflects the elimination of interdepartmental charges and credits as well
as certain unallocated corporate expenses such as acquisition and
merger-related expense, restructuring charges, Year 2000 readiness expense
and certain other unallocated expenses and certain unallocated assets.
(3) The Acquisitions column includes historical financial results of acquired
institutions accounted for as poolings of interests prior to merger and/or
systems conversions. For the year ended December 31, 1998, partial-year
results of Somerset and Affiliated are included. For the Year ended
December 31, 1997, full-year results of Somerset and Affiliated and
partial-year results of Walden and Firestone are included. For the year
ended December 31, 1996, full-year results of Somerset, Affiliated, Walden
and Firestone are included.
(4) Reflects total assets as of December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996,
respectively.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
46
47
note 4. restrictions on cash and due from banks
At December 31, 1998 and 1997, cash and due from banks included $11.6 million
and $23.2 million, respectively, to satisfy the reserve requirements established
by the Federal Reserve Bank.
note 5. securities
A comparison of the amortized cost, fair value and gross unrealized gains and
losses as of December 31, 1998 and 1997 for securities available-for-sale
follows:
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair
(Dollars in thousands) Cost Gains Losses Value
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities available-for-sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Pass-through securities $ 820,412 $ 8,566 $ (619) $ 828,359
Collateralized mortgage obligations 248,098 1,244 (158) 249,184
---------- ------- ------- ----------
Total mortgage-backed securities 1,068,510 9,810 (777) 1,077,543
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies 45,119 466 (7) 45,578
FHLB equity securities 69,200 69,200
Asset-backed securities 26,777 400 27,177
Corporate debt securities 28,706 582 29,288
Marketable equity securities 24,971 2,527 (118) 27,380
States and municipalities 6,804 24 6,828
Foreign governments 520 520
All other securities 6,103 6,103
---------- ------- ------- ----------
Total securities available-for-sale $1,276,710 $13,809 $ (902) $1,289,617
========== ======= ======= ==========
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1997
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair
(Dollars in thousands) Cost Gains Losses Value
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities available-for-sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Pass-through securities $ 281,925 $ 2,444 $ (691) $ 283,678
Collateralized mortgage obligations 252,442 613 (1,019) 252,036
---------- ------- ------- ----------
Total mortgage-backed securities 534,367 3,057 (1,710) 535,714
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies 213,070 607 (545) 213,132
FHLB equity securities 66,726 66,726
Asset-backed securities 51,883 272 (57) 52,098
Corporate debt securities 20,917 400 21,317
Marketable equity securities 45,326 3,640 (186) 48,780
States and municipalities 1,999 25 2,024
Foreign governments 445 445
All other securities 7,200 7,200
---------- ------- ------- ----------
Total securities available-for-sale $ 941,933 $ 8,001 $(2,498) $ 947,436
========== ======= ======= ==========
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
47
48
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
Equity securities of the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") of Boston and
certain other securities, which do not have readily determinable market values
are carried at cost. USTrust is a member of the FHLB and is required to invest
in FHLB equity securities, a restricted investment, in an amount equal to the
greater of 1 percent of residential mortgage loans, including certain
mortgage-backed securities, or three-tenths of 1 percent of total assets or a
specified percentage of outstanding advances.
The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities at December 31, 1998,
by contractual maturity, are shown in the table below. Actual maturities are
expected to differ from contractual maturities because some borrowers have the
right to prepay without penalty. Mortgage-backed securities are shown at their
final maturity but are expected to have shorter average lives. Equity
securities, which have no contractual maturity, are presented in the aggregate.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1998
--------------------------
Amortized
(Dollars in thousands) Cost Fair Value
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities available-for-sale:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Due in 1 year or less $ 5,135 $ 5,168
Due after 1 year through 5 years 34,995 35,613
Due after 5 years through 10 years 131,221 133,112
Due after 10 years 897,159 903,650
---------- ----------
Total mortgage-backed securities 1,068,510 1,077,543
All other debt securities:
Due in 1 year or less 11,131 11,136
Due after 1 year through 5 years 65,303 66,139
Due after 5 years through 10 years 13,766 14,059
Due after 10 years 17,726 18,057
---------- ----------
Total debt securities 107,926 109,391
Equity securities and other 100,274 102,683
---------- ----------
Total $1,276,710 $1,289,617
========== ==========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
There were no securities designated as held-to-maturity by the Company at
December 31, 1998. All of the year-end 1997 held-to-maturity securities were
owned by Somerset and Affiliated and were redesignated as available-for-sale at
their respective acquisition dates. The effect of the redesignation was to
increase the gross unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale by
approximately $1.9 million. The amortized cost, fair value and gross unrealized
gains and losses as of December 31, 1997 for securities held-to-maturity
follows:
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1997
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair
(Dollars in thousands) Cost Gains Losses Value
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities held-to-maturity:
Mortgage-backed securities:
Pass-through securities $108,812 $1,478 $ (278) $110,012
Collateralized mortgage obligations 73,962 829 (668) 74,123
-------- ------ ------- --------
Total mortgage-backed securities 182,774 2,307 (946) 184,135
U.S. Treasury and federal agencies 54,687 221 (42) 54,866
Asset-backed securities 21,592 156 (64) 21,684
Corporate debt securities 1,254 12 1,266
-------- ------ ------- --------
Total securities held-to-maturity $260,307 $2,696 $(1,052) $261,951
======== ====== ======= ========
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
48
49
Total gross realized gains, gross realized losses, and proceeds from the
sale or other disposition of securities available-for-sale for the three years
ended December 31 were:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities available-for-sale:
Debt securities:
Gross realized gains $ 1,333 $ 557 $ 80
Gross realized losses (615) (1,798) (380)
Proceeds from sales* 347,700 297,735 53,461
Equity securities:
Gross realized gains $ 3,440 $ 1,551
Gross realized losses (231) (119)
Proceeds from sales* 5,557 1,585
* Excluded from 1996 proceeds from sales was a reduction in securities
available-for-sale of $21.4 million in debt securities and $0.1 million in
equity securities resulting from the sale of a banking subsidiary.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
At December 31, 1998, securities carried at $455.2 million were pledged to
secure public and trust deposits, securities sold under agreements to repurchase
and for other purposes as required by law.
note 6. loans
The composition of the loan portfolio (net of unearned discount) at
December 31, 1998 and 1997 was as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commercial and financial $1,413,808 $1,076,980
Commercial real estate:
Construction 55,989 109,787
Developer, investor and land 498,200 540,924
Commercial lease financing 76,053 56,260
Consumer:
Residential mortgage 1,085,353 1,371,021
Home equity 120,020 134,874
Indirect automobile installment 909,605 605,486
Other consumer 38,712 45,914
Indirect automobile lease financing 98,363 26,283
---------- ----------
4,296,103 3,967,529
Reserve for possible loan losses (65,274) (68,539)
---------- ----------
$4,230,829 $3,898,990
========== ==========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Most of the Company's lending activity is with customers located within
Massachusetts. At year-end 1998, the Company's exposure to credit risk
principally secured by commercial real estate, home equity and residential real
estate included approximately $1.8 billion of loans. Refer to Note 20 for
additional discussion of concentration of credit risk.
Mortgage loans serviced for others are not included in the table above or
the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition. The unpaid
principal balances of mortgage loans serviced for others was $469 million and
$626 million at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Capitalized mortgage
servicing rights were insignificant for both periods.
49
50
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
Reserve for Possible Loan Losses
An analysis of the reserve for possible loan losses for the three years
ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 is as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at beginning of period $68,539 $65,979 $ 84,245
Chargeoffs 14,827 7,755 11,618
Recoveries on loans previously charged-off 9,376 7,215 10,951
------- ------- --------
Net chargeoffs 5,451 540 667
Provision (credit) for possible loan losses 2,239 3,100 (15,495)
Reserve of sold banks (53) (2,104)
------- ------- --------
Balance at end of period $65,274 $68,539 $ 65,979
======= ======= ========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The status of impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997
and 1996 is as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Impaired loans-reserve required $ 610 $ 7,377 $ 5,956
Impaired loans-reserve not required* 12,302 28,524 47,524
------- ------- -------
Total impaired loans $12,912 $35,901 $53,480
======= ======= =======
Required reserve for impaired loans* $ 260 $ 2,209 $ 1,434
Average balance of impaired loans during the year $28,673 $39,412 $50,808
* The methodology used in the required reserve calculation utilized the fair
value of collateral consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 114. The
required reserve for impaired loans is included in the Company's total
reserve for possible loan losses.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, the amount of
interest income on impaired loans that would have been recognized if the loans
had been paying in accordance with their original terms, was $2.6 million, $4.2
million, and $4.4 million, respectively. The amount recognized as interest
income in the same periods was $1.2 million, $2.1 million, and $1.8 million,
respectively.
note 7. premises, furniture and equipment
A summary of the accounts at December 31, 1998 and 1997 is as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Land $ 11,424 $ 11,424
Buildings and leasehold improvements 79,456 78,713
Furniture and equipment 55,626 40,829
-------- --------
146,506 130,966
Accumulated depreciation and amortization (56,082) (45,274)
-------- --------
$ 90,424 $ 85,692
======== ========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Depreciation and amortization expenses reflected in the consolidated
statements of income were $10.8 million, $8.9 million and $7.3 million in 1998,
1997 and 1996, respectively.
50
51
note 8. other property owned
Other property owned includes other real estate owned and repossessed vehicles
and equipment of $3.2 million and $1.5 million, respectively, at December 31,
1998, and $5.9 million and $1.1 million, respectively, at December 31, 1997.
Other property owned is stated net of a valuation allowance. Analysis of
the valuation allowance for the three years ended December 31, 1998 is as
follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance at beginning of period $3,628 $3,147 $4,760
Chargeoffs 697 872 3,229
Provision charged to operations 2,726 1,353 1,616
------ ------ ------
Balance at end of period $5,657 $3,628 $3,147
====== ====== ======
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The net cost of other real estate owned included in foreclosed asset and
workout expense in the income statement was approximately $2.7 million, $807
thousand and $1.9 million in 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. These costs
include provisions charged to operations to reflect reductions in net realizable
value, net gain or loss on sales and net cost of maintaining and operating the
properties.
note 9. deposits
At December 31, 1998, the scheduled maturities of certificates of deposits are
as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Within one year $1,092,605
One to two years 199,009
Two to three years 53,105
Three to four years 24,350
Over four years 19,965
----------
Total $1,389,034
==========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note 10. short-term borrowings
Short-term borrowings consisted of the following at December 31, 1998 and
1997:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase $498,372 $276,264
Federal funds purchased 278,695 79,027
FHLB borrowings 200,000 249,264
Notes payable 5,650 1,156
Treasury tax and loan note account 3,365 13,670
-------- --------
$986,082 $619,381
======== ========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
USTrust is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston. As a member
institution, USTrust has a borrowing capacity of approximately $1.4 billion for
short- and long-term FHLB advances.
The weighted average interest rates for short-term borrowings at December
31, 1998 and 1997 were 4.65 percent and 5.25 percent, respectively. The average
outstanding short-term borrowings were $768 million in 1998 and $538 million in
1997. The approximate weighted average interest rates during the year were 4.82
percent in 1998 and 5.08 percent in 1997. The maximum amount of short-term
borrowings outstanding at any month end was $986 million in 1998 and $619
million in 1997.
51
52
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
note 11. other borrowings
Other borrowings consisted of the following at December 31, 1998 and 1997:
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997
------------------- ------------------
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
(Dollars in thousands) Amount Rate Amount Rate
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Long-term FHLB borrowings by maturity:
Within one year $43,430 6.10% $110,390 5.84%
One to two years 16,957 6.12% 43,430 5.81%
Two to three years 3,500 6.69% 26,957 5.96%
Three to four years 7,500 5.71% 3,500 6.69%
Over four years 3,941 6.81% 11,531 6.10%
Employee Stock Ownership Plan ("ESOP") debt:
Former Lexington Savings Bank ESOP, principal due in 2001, interest paid
quarterly at borrower's annual option of 90-day LIBOR rate plus 225
basis points or rate equal to the base lending rate of USTrust 483 644
Former The Federal Savings Bank ESOP, due in installments to 2000,
interest rate equal to federal funds effective rate plus 260 basis points 232 393
------- --------
$76,043 $196,845
======= ========
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
52
53
note 12. employee benefit plans
The Company has a noncontributory, defined benefit retirement plan covering all
employees who meet specified age and employment requirements. The Company also
has nonqualified, unfunded supplemental retirement plans, which cover certain
senior officers of the Company. The plans provide pension benefits that are
based on the employee's compensation during the highest four consecutive years
before retirement. The following summary sets forth the plan's funded status and
amounts included in the Company's consolidated balance sheets as of December 31,
1998 and 1997:
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Qualified Plan Supplemental Plans
------------------ ------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1998 1997
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benefit obligations:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year $36,310 $29,640 $ 2,614 $ 1,886
Service cost 2,655 2,035 380 257
Interest cost 2,606 2,246 180 156
Actuarial loss (gain)(excluding assumption changes) 916 674 (101) 249
Actuarial loss due to assumption changes 1,243 2,015 107 179
Benefits paid (846) (967) (113) (113)
Plan amendments 377
Business combinations* (6,208) 667
------- ------- ------- -------
Benefit obligation at end of year $36,676 $36,310 $ 3,444 $ 2,614
======= ======= ======= =======
Fair value of assets:
Fair value of assets at beginning of year $38,883 $30,119
Actuarial return on plan assets 5,998 7,718
Contributions by employer 550 $ 113 $ 113
Benefits paid (845) (967) (113) (113)
Business combinations* 121 1,463
------- ------- ------- -------
Fair value of assets at end of year, primarily listed stocks and U.S. bonds $44,157) $38,883 $ -- $ --
======= ======= ======= =======
Fair value of assets at end of year $44,157 $38,883
Benefit obligation at end of year 36,676 36,310 $ 3,444 $ 2,614
------- ------- ------- -------
Funded status 7,481 2,573 (3,444) (2,614)
Unamortized prior service cost (3,915) 1,053 804 490
Unrecognized net (gain)/loss (5,730) (4,756) 196 190
Unrecognized net obligation (asset) (947) (1,251)
------- ------- ------- -------
Net accrued benefit cost $(3,111) $(2,381) $(2,444) $(1,934)
======= ======= ======= =======
* Business combinations represent the amounts to eliminate differences in
actuarial assumptions between pension plans of acquired banks and the
Company's plan.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The actuarial assumptions used were as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Discount rate 6.75% 7.00%
Rate of increase of future compensation levels 4.50% 4.50%
Expected rate of return on plan assets 9.00% 8.00%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
53
54
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
Net pension cost for 1998, 1997 and 1996 included the following
components:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Service cost benefit earned during the period $ 3,035 $ 2,292 $ 2,202
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation 2,786 2,402 2,163
Expected return on plan assets (3,345) (3,063) (2,814)
Amortization of transition asset (304) (288) (288)
Amortization of prior service costs 124 112 99
Amortization of net (gain)/loss (162) 507 485
------- ------- -------
Net pension cost $ 2,134 $ 1,962 $ 1,847
======= ======= =======
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Certain former officers and employees of Federal are included in a
noncontributory defined benefit pension plan as a participating employer in the
Financial Institutions Retirement Fund (the "Fund"), a multi-employer plan. The
Fund does not segregate its assets or liabilities by participating employer.
Contributions are based on the individual employer's experience. As the plan is
fully funded, no contribution is required. Benefits accrued under this plan
until September 30, 1998. Effective September 30, 1998, all future benefits are
earned under the Company's defined benefit retirement plan. In addition certain
former employees of Lexington and Federal are included in a non-qualified
supplemental retirement plan established by their respective banks. Each is
fully funded by life insurance; no contribution is required.
The Company has an Employee Savings Plan which qualifies as a deferred
salary arrangement under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. Under the
Plan, contributions made by eligible employees are matched by the Company at
varying rates based on a specified percentage of employee contributions. The
maximum match per employee by the Company is 4 percent of the individual
employee's earnings.
During 1997 and 1996, the Company had an employee stock ownership plan
("ESOP") which covered substantially all of its employees. The plan was
administered by a committee designated by the Board of Directors and was
maintained in a separate trust established for that purpose. Under the plan, the
Company contributed either a fixed amount or a percentage of compensation of all
participants. Effective December 31, 1997, the ESOP ceased to operate as an
independent plan and was merged into a newly created Employer Stock Fund of the
Employee Savings Plan. All participants became vested in their ESOP account
balances, and these funds were transferred directly to their respective Employee
Savings Plan accounts.
Certain former employees of Lexington and Federal receive benefits under
ESOP plans established by their respective banks. It is expected that these
plans, which have an insignificant effect on operating results of the Company,
will continue in accordance with their original terms.
Certain key employees are awarded shares of the Company's common stock
through the Company's Restricted Stock Ownership Plan adopted in 1989 and the
restricted stock program of the Stock Compensation Plan adopted in 1992 and
amended in 1994. Under these restricted stock plans 631,320 shares of common
stock have been granted, of which 86,250, 32,100 and 14,400 were granted in
1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. The shares vest to the employee over varying
schedules. In 1998, 44,549 restricted shares vested under this plan. At December
31, 1998 there were 100,901 unvested restricted shares outstanding.
Expenses relating to the employee benefit plans were as follows:
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------------------------------------
Employee Employee
Stock Restricted Savings Plan
(Dollars in thousands) Pension Ownership Stock 401(k) Other*
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 $2,134 $ 975 $1,161 $1,786 $275
1997 1,962 1,275 629 1,244 878
1996 1,847 884 531 1,576 803
* Includes cost of various plans of acquired banks which were terminated at the
time of acquisition by the Company.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
54
55
note 13. stock options
The Company has a Stock Compensation Plan for officers and key employees under
the terms of which the Company may issue incentive stock options, nonqualified
stock options and shares of restricted stock. At December 31, 1998, 140,320
shares of the Company's common stock remained available for future grants. The
Company's Stock Compensation Plan provides that the number of shares of common
stock reserved for future grants under the plan be increased by an amount equal
to 1.25 percent of the number of shares outstanding on the first day of each
fiscal year. As a result, as of January 1, 1999, 535,302 additional common
shares are to be reserved for future grants. The vesting periods for options
under this Plan range from immediate vesting at grant date to 5 years. The
expiration periods for options under this Plan range from between 5 and 10
years.
The Company has two stock option plans for directors, the 1996 Director
Option Plan and the 1995 Director Option Plan. Eligible directors received
option grants at fair value for 5,000 shares in 1996 and up to 7,500 shares in
1995. A total of 150,000 shares of the Company's common stock were reserved for
issuance under each plan. The vesting periods for options under these plans
range from immediate vesting at grant date to 3 years. The expiration periods
for options under these plans range from 5 to 10 years.
The vesting periods for certain options under the aforementioned employee
and director plans can be accelerated in accordance with the plans based on
prescribed movement in the market price of the Company's stock or other
conditions. Under all option plans the option exercise price equaled the market
price of the Company's stock on date of grant.
The Company has opted to continue to measure stock compensation in
accordance with APB Opinion No. 25. Refer to Note 1 for a further discussion. If
the Company had determined stock compensation cost consistent with the fair
value alternative contained in SFAS No. 123, the Company's net income and
earnings per share would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts presented in
the table below.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------
(Dollars in thousands, except share amounts) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Net income:
As reported $55,286 $50,216 $56,613
Pro forma 54,700 49,947 55,912
Diluted earnings per share:
As reported $ 1.28 $ 1.18 $ 1.35
Pro forma $ 1.26 $ 1.17 $ 1.34
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
55
56
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------
The following table presents the activity for the employee stock option
program under the Stock Compensation Plan and the activity in the Stock Option
Plans for directors for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997, and 1996:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of Exercise Weighted
Shares Under Price Average
Option Per Share Exercise Price
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding December 31, 1995 1,962,569 $ 1.84 - $14.13 $ 8.74
Granted in 1996 538,867 $ 8.68 - $14.81 $12.18
Canceled in 1996 (34,849) $ 6.07 - $12.88 $10.16
Exercised in 1996 (384,804) $ 6.07 - $13.44 $ 7.04
---------
Outstanding December 31, 1996 2,081,783 $ 1.84 - $14.81 $ 9.92
---------
Granted in 1997 419,968 $11.37 - $20.31 $16.82
Exercised in 1997 (416,304) $ 1.84 - $13.81 $ 7.79
---------
Outstanding December 31, 1997 2,085,447 $ 2.98 - $20.31 $11.73
---------
Granted in 1998 251,500 $20.94 - $24.69 $24.06
Cancelled in 1998 (1,550) $ 3.16 - $24.69 $11.49
Excercised in 1998 (382,934) $ 2.98 - $24.69 $12.00
---------
Outstanding December 31, 1998 1,952,463 $ 2.98 - $24.69 $13.27
=========
Options exercisable at:
December 31, 1996 1,938,342 $ 1.84 - $14.81 $ 9.76
December 31, 1997 1,959,843 $ 2.98 - $20.31 $11.54
December 31, 1998 1,879,097 $ 2.98 - $24.69 $12.90
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The following table summarizes information regarding options outstanding
and options exercisable at December 31, 1998 under the employee Stock
Compensation Plan and Stock Option Plans for Directors:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
----------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
Weighted Average
Number Outstanding Remaining Contractual Weighted Average Number Exercisable Weighted Average
at December 31, 1998 Life in Years Exercise Price at December 31, 1998 Exercise Price
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ 2.98 - $ 7.24 172,592 3.97 $ 5.50 172,592 $ 5.50
$ 7.50 - $ 9.61 392,871 1.99 $ 9.06 392,871 $ 9.06
$ 9.72 - $13.81 786,564 3.13 $11.77 786,564 $11.77
$14.40 - $24.69 600,436 8.46 $20.22 527,070 $19.86
--------- ---------
1,952,463 1,879,097
========= =========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The weighted average fair value of options granted during the years ended
December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 was $3.79, $2.42 and $1.44, respectively. The
fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions used for
grants in 1998, 1997 and 1996:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Risk-free interest rate 4.63% 5.70% 5.94%
Expected dividend yield 3.5% 3.5% 3.5%
Expected life in years 2.5 2.3 2.3
Expected volatility 25.00% 24.00% 18.12%
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
56
57
The Company has a Directors Deferred Compensation Program under which up
to 250,000 shares of the Company's common stock may be granted to outside
Directors of the Company or its banking subsidiaries who choose to receive their
Director's fees or stipend in shares of the Company in lieu of cash. The shares
may not be sold until the individual holder's status as Director terminates.
note 14. noninterest expense
Restructuring Charges, Acquisition and Merger-related Expense Restructuring
charges for the year ended December 31, 1998 totaled $11.5 million. Such costs
were incurred in connection with the Somerset and Affiliated acquisitions and
were the result of management's integration plan. These costs related to
activities that had no future economic benefit to the Company and were
incremental to other costs incurred in the conduct of the Company's business.
The nature of these expenses included charges for severance payments to former
Somerset and Affiliated executives and staff, processing system conversions and
deconversion costs, customer communications related to the effect of the
acquisitions, write-offs of certain Somerset and Affiliated assets, and other
expenses directly associated with the integration of the acquired institutions.
Similar restructuring charges of $11.8 million for the year ended December 31,
1997 were incurred in connection with the Walden acquisition.
Acquisition and merger-related expense for the year ended December 31,
1998 totaled $8.1 million which included professional, legal, accounting and
investment banking services incurred in connection with Somerset and Affiliated
acquisition transactions. Acquisition and merger-related expenses of $4.4
million for the year ended December 31, 1997 were incurred primarily in
connection with the Walden and Firestone acquisitions. For the year ended
December 31, 1996, the expense totaled $5.9 million, primary resulting from the
Branch Purchase.
Reserves associated with restructuring and merger-related charges are
included in other liabilities and totaled $1.7 million and $.9 million at
December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively. Additions to the reserve, as described
above, of $11.5 million and $11.8 million for the years ended December 31, 1998
and 1997, respectively, were charged to income. Cash expenditures and write-offs
of $10.7 million and $14.6 million in 1998 and 1997, respectively, were charged
against the reserve balance.
Deposit Insurance Assessment
The Company's deposit insurance assessment reflects premiums paid to two Federal
Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") funds, the Bank Insurance Fund ("BIF")
for banks, as well as the Savings Association Insurance Fund ("SAIF") for
savings and loan associations ("Thrifts"), due to the Company's acquisitions of
thrift deposits and thrift institutions. The deposit insurance assessment for
the years ended December 31, 1998 and 1997 reflect reductions in expense due to
reduced premium rates by the FDIC on BIF balances. The year ended December 31,
1996, included a $5 million one-time assessment by the SAIF on the former Thrift
deposits held by the Company.
note 15. income taxes
The income tax provision included in the consolidated statements of income
consisted of the following:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
-------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Current tax expense*:
Federal $33,602 $19,876 $20,609
State 7,201 4,721 7,566
Foreign 46
------- ------- -------
40,803 24,597 28,221
------- ------- -------
Deferred tax expense (benefit):
Federal (4,772) 3,075 5,444
State (1,670) 972 (903)
------- ------- -------
(6,442) 4,047 4,541
------- ------- -------
Total $34,361 $28,644 $32,762
======= ======= =======
* The 1998, 1997 and 1996 current provisions do not reflect $2.9 million,$.6
million and $.4 million, respectively, of tax benefits related to stock
options exercised that were credited directly to additional paid-in
capital.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
57
58
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------
As of December 31, 1998 and 1997, cumulative deferred tax assets, included
in the consolidated balance sheets as other assets, amounted to $18.5 million
and $14.7 million, respectively, while cumulative deferred tax liabilities of
$1.3 million and $0.4 million, respectively, were included in other liabilities.
Additionally, at December 31, 1998 and 1997 there were tax refund receivables of
approximately $1.7 million and $2.2 million included in other assets while
current taxes payable were approximately $11.5 and $4.5 million, respectively,
and included in other liabilities.
In August 1996, Congress passed the Small Business Job Protection Act of
1996. Included in this bill was the repeal of Internal Revenue Code (IRC)
Section 593, which allowed thrift institutions special provisions in calculating
bad debt deductions for income tax purposes. Thrift institutions are now viewed
as commercial banks for income tax purposes. The repeal is effective for tax
years beginning after December 31, 1995. One effect of this legislative change
is to suspend a thrift's bad debt reserve for income tax purposes as of its base
year (December 31, 1988). Any bad debt reserve in excess of the base year amount
is subject to recapture over a six-year time period. The suspended (i.e., base
year) amount is subject to recapture upon the occurrence of certain events, such
as a complete or partial redemption of a bank's stock or if the bank ceases to
qualify as a bank for income tax purposes.
Through the Company's acquisition of Walden, Somerset and Affiliated and
subsequent merger of the various banking subsidiaries with USTrust in 1997 and
1998, USTrust's tax position is effected by this legislative change. At December
31, 1998, USTrust's surplus includes approximately $37.0 million of bad debt
reserves, representing the base year amount, for which income taxes have not
been provided. Since USTrust does not intend to use the suspended bad debt
reserve for purposes other than to absorb the losses for which it was
established, deferred taxes in the amount of $15.5 million have not been
recorded with respect to such reserve.
The components of the net deferred tax asset were as follows:
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Book provision for loan losses in excess of tax $28,483 $28,517
Book writedowns on other property owned, not deducted for tax 4,467 3,493
Pension expense deducted for tax not book 4,212 1,420)
Book basis in core deposit more than tax 1,765 (33)
Deferred compensation benefits not deducted for tax 1,431 2,323
Loan mark-to-market adjustment for tax (581) (4,961)
Cumulative tax depreciation in excess of book (3,104) (2,683)
Recapture of bad debt reserve under repeal of Code Section 593 (3,661)
Tax basis in partnership investments less than book (3,998) (3,858)
Securities mark-to-market adjustment deferred for tax (5,089) (1,545)
Tax deductions on leveraged leases deferred for books (7,372) (6,362)
Other, net 638 (2,018)
------- -------
Total net deferred tax asset $17,191 $14,293
======= =======
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
58
59
The provisions for income taxes differ from the amounts computed by
applying the U.S. statutory federal tax rate of 35 percent in 1998,1997 and
1996, to income before income taxes principally due to:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
----------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tax at statutory rate $31,376 $27,553 $30,910
Increases (reductions) from:
State income taxes 3,595 3,637 4,113
Nondeductible expenses 3,508 1,570 664
Tax credits utilized (191)
Tax-exempt income (761) (708) (684)
Low income housing (1,333) (1,194) (911)
Reversal of tax reserves (1,865) (2,656) (1,183)
Other, net (159) 442 44
------- ------- -------
Tax expense recorded $34,361 $28,644 $32,762
======= ======= =======
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note 16. earnings per share
The Company computes earnings per share in accordance with SFAS No. 128. This
Statement supersedes APB No. 15 regarding the presentation of earnings per share
("EPS") on the face of the income statement. SFAS No. 128 replaced the
presentation of Primary EPS with a Basic EPS calculation that excludes the
dilutive effect of common stock equivalents. The Statement requires a dual
presentation of Basic and Diluted EPS, which is computed similarly to Fully
Diluted EPS pursuant to APB No. 15, for all entities with complex capital
structures. This Statement is effective for fiscal years ending after December
15, 1997 and requires restatement of all prior period EPS data presented,
including quarterly information. The Company's common stock equivalents consist
primarily of dilutive outstanding stock options and restricted stock grants
computed under the treasury stock method. Basic and Diluted EPS for the three
years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 are as follows:
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars and shares in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Basic earnings per share computation:
Numerator:
Net income $55,286 $50,216 $56,613
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding 42,378 41,760 41,061
Basic earnings per share $ 1.30 $ 1.20 $ 1.38
Diluted earnings per share computation:
Numerator:
Net income $55,286 $50,216 $56,613
Denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding 42,378 41,760 41,061
Dilutive stock options 912 948 800
------- ------- -------
Weighted average diluted shares outstanding 43,290 42,708 41,861
======= ======= =======
Diluted earnings per share $ 1.28 $ 1.18 $ 1.35
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note 17. capital
The Company and its banking subsidiaries are subject to various regulatory
capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies. Failure to
meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory - and possibly
additional discretionary - actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have
a material effect on the Company's financial statements. Under capital adequacy
guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the
Company and its subsidiary banks must meet specific capital guidelines that
involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and
59
60
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
-------------------------------------------------------------
certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting
practices. The capital amounts and classifications are also subject to
qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and
other factors.
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy
require the Company and its banking subsidiaries to maintain minimum amounts and
ratios (set forth in the table below) of Total and Tier 1 capital (as defined in
the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), and of Tier 1 capital (as
defined) to average assets (as defined). Management believes, as of December 31,
1998, that the Company and its subsidiary banks meet all of their respective
capital adequacy requirements.
The actual capital amounts and ratios of the Company and its banking
subsidiaries are presented in the following summary.
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1998
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Amount Percent
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adequately Well Adequately Well
Capitalized Capitalized Capitalized Capitalized
(Dollars in millions) Actual Minimums Minimums Actual Minimums Minimums
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UST Corp. Consolidated:
Tier 1 leverage capital $475.6 $229.9 * 8.27% 4.00% *
Tier 1 capital 475.6 188.4 * 10.10% 4.00% *
Total (Tier 1 and Tier 2) capital 535.5 376.3 * 11.38% 8.00% *
USTrust:
Tier 1 leverage capital 440.5 228.9 $286.1 7.70% 4.00% 5.00%
Tier 1 capital 440.5 187.3 281.0 9.41% 4.00% 6.00%
Total (Tier 1 and Tier 2) capital 499.8 374.1 467.6 10.69% 8.00% 10.00%
USTC:
Tier 1 leverage capital 5.4 1.0 1.2 21.67% 4.00% 5.00%
Tier 1 capital 5.4 0.5 0.8 43.31% 4.00% 6.00%
Total (Tier 1 and Tier 2) capital 5.4 1.0 1.3 43.37% 8.00% 10.00%
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 1997
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Amount Percent
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adequately Well Adequately Well
Capitalized Capitalized Capitalized Capitalized
(Dollars in millions) Actual Minimums Minimums Actual Minimums Minimums
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UST Corp. Consolidated:
Tier 1 leverage capital $427.4 $214.9 * 7.95% 4.00% *
Tier 1 capital 427.4 165.2 * 10.35% 4.00% *
Total (Tier 1 and Tier 2) capital 479.0 329.1 * 11.64% 8.00% *
USTrust:
Tier 1 leverage capital 397.4 194.3 $242.8 8.18% 4.00% 5.00%
Tier 1 capital 397.4 164.2 246.3 9.68% 4.00% 6.00%
Total (Tier 1 and Tier 2) capital 447.9 327.1 408.9 10.95% 8.00% 10.00%
USTC:
Tier 1 leverage capital 3.5 0.8 0.9 18.42% 4.00% 5.00%
Tier 1 capital 3.5 0.4 0.6 32.26% 4.00% 6.00%
Total (Tier 1 and Tier 2) capital 3.5 0.9 1.1 32.34% 8.00% 10.00%
* Not applicable
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
60
61
Dividends
The Company and its banking subsidiaries' ability to pay dividends is subject to
certain limitations imposed by statutes of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and
limitations imposed by bank and bank holding company regulators. Massachusetts
statutes restrict the amount of dividends payable by banks to be the balance of
their undivided profits, net of any amount transferred to capital in excess of
par value. An issuance of dividends which would reduce the capital of the
Company and/or its Subsidiary Banks below minimum capital requirements would
cause the appropriate regulatory agencies to require the institution to submit
an acceptable capital restoration plan. An institution which fails to submit an
acceptable plan may be subject to a bank regulatory enforcement action, or
ultimately placed into conservatorship or receivership.
In 1998 the Company declared quarterly cash dividends totaling $23 million
or $0.54 per share to stockholders. During the year the Company's subsidiaries
declared dividends payable to the Company totaling $37 million.
Shareholder Rights Plan
In 1995, the Company's Board of Directors approved a Shareholder Rights
Plan and distributed preferred share purchase rights to shareholders. The rights
will become exercisable only if a person or group (i) acquires 15 percent or
more of the Company's common stock, (ii) announces a tender offer that would
result in ownership of 15 percent or more of the common stock, or (iii) is
declared to be an "Adverse Person" by the Company's Board of Directors. "Adverse
Person" includes any person or group who owns at least 10 percent of the
Company's common stock and attempts an action that would adversely impact the
Company. Each right would entitle a stockholder to purchase 1/100th of a share
of a new series of junior participating preferred stock.
Once a person or group has acquired 15 percent or more of the outstanding
common stock of the Company or is declared an "Adverse Person" by the Company's
Board of Directors, each right may entitle its holder (other than the acquiring
person or Adverse Person) to purchase, at an exercise price of $40, shares of
common stock of the Company (or any organization that acquires the Company) at
an amount equal to 50 percent of their current market price. Under certain
circumstances, the Continuing Directors (as defined in the rights plan) may
exchange the rights for common stock (or equivalent securities) on a one-for-one
basis excluding rights held by the acquiring person or Adverse Person. The
rights may be redeemed by action of the Board of Directors for $.001 per right.
Stock Repurchase Programs
In November 1998, the Company's Board of Directors approved a common stock
repurchase program authorizing the repurchase of up to 310,000 shares which
constitutes less than 1 percent of the Company's common stock outstanding. The
repurchase program did not affect the Company's use of the pooling of interests
method of accounting to record the recent acquisitions by the Company of
Affiliated and Somerset since it was implemented in accordance with the
Securities and Exchange Commission's Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 96. The
program authorizes the Company to buy back common stock from time to time,
subject to prevailing market conditions. Purchases may be made on the open
market or in privately negotiated transactions. As of December 31, 1998, 103,500
shares had been purchased under the program, 23,049 shares were reissued and
80,451 shares remained in treasury.
Prior to the August 7, 1998 acquisition of Affiliated by the Company,
Affiliated retired all of its common stock held in treasury (total of 348,975
UST Corp. equivalent shares) and terminated its stock repurchase program.
note 18. related party transactions
In the ordinary course of business, the Company's banking subsidiaries have
granted loans to certain of the Company's directors and executive officers. All
such transactions are made on substantially the same terms as those prevailing
at the same time for individuals not affiliated with the Company and its
subsidiaries and at the time they were granted did not involve more than the
normal risk of collectibility. At December 31, 1998, none of these transactions
were on nonaccrual status, nor did they involve delinquent, substandard or
restructured loans. Over 77 percent of the balance outstanding at December 31,
1998 and 1997 was due from one director.
61
62
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
An analysis of loans outstanding in excess of $60 thousand to directors
and executive officers related to the foregoing entities at December 31, 1998
and 1997 is as follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Balance, December 31, 1996 $21,212
Additions 2,238
Repayments (1,715)
Other reductions* (2,241)
-------
Balance, December 31, 1997 19,494
Additions 2,937
Repayments (1,058)
Other reductions* (3,011)
-------
Balance, December 31, 1998 $18,362
=======
* Other reductions are loans outstanding to directors and officers who
ceased to be directors or executive officers of the Company or its
subsidiary banks during the year or their balance decreased below $60
thousand.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
note 19. commitments and contingencies
Commitments for leased premises expire at various dates through 2018. At
December 31, 1998, minimum rental commitments for noncancelable leases are as
follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands)
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1999 $ 8,344
2000 7,772
2001 6,028
2002 5,715
2003 2,816
Thereafter 5,364
-------
Total $36,039
=======
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rent expense for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 was
approximately $6.6 million, $6.1 million, and $5.0 million, respectively.
In the ordinary course of business, the Company and its subsidiaries
become defendants in a variety of judicial and administrative proceedings. In
the opinion of management there is no proceeding pending, or to the knowledge of
management threatened, which in the event of an adverse decision, would result
in a material adverse change in the financial condition or results of operations
of the Company.
note 20. financial instruments with on-and off-balance sheet risk
The Company is party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the
normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These
financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, standby letters of
credit and financial guarantees, foreign exchange contracts, and recourse
arrangements on sold loans. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees,
elements of credit risk in excess of the amount contained in the balance sheet.
The contract or notional amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of
involvement the Company has in particular classes of financial instruments.
The Company's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by
the other party to the financial instrument or commitments to extend credit and
standby letters of credit and financial guarantees written is represented by the
62
63
contractual notional amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same
credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for
on-balance sheet instruments.
The Company generally requires collateral or other security to support
financial instruments with credit risk.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Contract or Notional Amount
---------------------------
December 31, December 31,
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Financial instruments whose contract amount represents credit risk:
Commitments to extend credit $1,032,000 $1,149,000
Standby letters of credit and financial guarantees written 87,000 73,000
Commercial letters of credit 10,000 4,000
Foreign exchange contracts 1,000 5,000
Loans sold with recourse 9,000 14,000
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long
as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract during its
term. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination
clauses and usually require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are
expected to expire without being fully drawn upon, the total commitment amounts
do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. The Company evaluates
each customer's credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis. Of the total
commitments to extend credit, approximately $258 million and $276 million were
secured by real estate at December 31, 1998 and December 31, 1997, respectively.
The amount of collateral obtained is based on management's evaluation of
the credit risk. Collateral held on commitments and loans varies but may include
cash, accounts receivable, inventory, property, plant and equipment. Standby and
commercial letters of credit and financial guarantees written are conditional
commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of, or payment
by, a customer to a third party. Those guarantees are primarily issued to
support private borrowing arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing
letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan
facilities to customers. The Company holds various collateral to support these
commitments including (but not limited to) cash, account receivables, inventory,
property, plant and equipment. The extent of collateral held for those
commitments varies from zero to over one hundred percent. Of the total standby
and commercial letters of credit, approximately $13 million was secured by real
estate at December 31, 1998.
The Company's primary loan market is the New England region. Most of the
loans outstanding are from eastern Massachusetts and a substantial portion of
these loans are various types of real estate loans; still others have real
estate as additional collateral. Approximately 79 percent of the Company's
outstanding commercial and commercial real estate loans are collateralized.
The Company enters into foreign currency exchange contracts to purchase or
sell foreign currencies at a future date at a predetermined exchange rate.
Except as noted below, contracts are purchased on the open market to assist
customers with international transactions denominated in foreign currencies. The
Company is exposed to credit risk in the event the customer fails to deliver or
take delivery of the agreed upon currency whereby the Company would execute the
transaction with another counterparty at the prevailing currency valuation. The
positive fair value, which represents the credit exposure of contracts
outstanding, was insignificant at December 31, 1998 and 1997.
The Company enters into nominal amounts of foreign exchange contracts for
the purposes of hedging certain financial commitments related to the collection
of loans of Canadian borrowers. The fair value of such contracts was
insignificant at December 31, 1998 and 1997.
During 1997, the Company, through its small equipment finance company,
Firestone, was party to an interest rate swap agreement with a nominal notional
amount. The swap agreement effectively converted a portion of Firestone's
interest rate obligation on certain long-term borrowings from a floating to a
fixed rate. The arrangement was paid in full and terminated in August 1997,
prior to the acquisition of Firestone by the Company.
The Company's securities portfolio includes a significant investment in
mortgage-backed securities. These securities carry prepayment risk due to the
fact that prevailing interest rates could decline. Under such circumstances an
unusually high percentage of homeowners may choose to refinance their first
mortgages to take advantage of these lower rates with the result that, under the
Company's accounting policy, adjustments reducing gross unamortized premiums
would be required. Refer to Note 1 for a discussion of accounting policies.
63
64
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
note 21. parent company financial information
Summarized information relative to the balance sheets at December 31, 1998 and
1997 and statements of income and cash flows for the three years in the period
ended December 31, 1998 of UST Corp. (parent company only) are presented as
follows:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
balance sheets - parent company only
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
December 31,
-------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Assets:
Cash, due from banks and interest-bearing deposits $ 4,666 $ 6,077
Securities purchased under agreements to resell 15,000 4,000
Securities available-for-sale 1,270 3,284
Loans to subsidiaries 1,675
Investment in banking subsidiaries 506,528 479,556
Investment in nonbanking subsidiaries 3,908 2,582
Premises, furniture and equipment, net 483 287
Other assets 20,120 6,278
-------- --------
Total assets $553,650 $502,064
======== ========
Liabilities and stockholders' investment:
Other liabilities $ 20,105 $ 13,008
Stockholders' investment 533,545 489,056
-------- --------
Total liabilities and stockholders' investment $553,650 $502,064
======== ========
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
statements of income - parent company only
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
---------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividend income $36,653 $22,500 $15,658
Undistributed equity in net income of subsidiaries 22,418 30,245 37,728
Gain on sale of bank subsidiary 6,806
Other income 7,465 4,962 4,685
------- ------- -------
66,536 57,707 64,877
Expenses 11,250 7,491 8,264
------- ------- -------
Net income $55,286 $50,216 $56,613
======= ======= =======
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
64
65
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
statements of cash flows - parent company only
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Ended December 31,
--------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands) 1998 1997 1996
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 55,286 $ 50,216 $ 56,613
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 184 217 220
Undistributed income of subsidiaries (22,418) (30,245) (37,728)
Noncash dividend from subsidiary (5,925) (2,158)
Gain on sale of bank subsidiary (6,806)
Gain on sale of securities (596)
Increase in other assets (7,618) (1,330) (1,756)
Increase in other liabilities 5,735 3,766 4,808)
-------- -------- --------
Net cash provided by operating activities 24,648 22,624 13,193
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sales of securities 1,793
Purchase of securities (60)
Purchases of premises and equipment (274) (415)
Proceeds from sale of bank subsidiary 13,435
Net (decrease) increase in short-term investments (11,000) 10,000) (9,000)
Increase in loans to subsidiaries (1,675)
Equity contributed to subsidiaries (1,000) (20,000) (13,000)
-------- -------- --------
Net cash used by investing activities (12,156) (10,060) (8,980)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net 5,786 3,230 2,795
Treasury stock acquired (2,379) (3,363)
Cash dividends paid (17,310) (10,554) (3,760)
-------- -------- --------
Net cash used by financing activities (13,903) (7,324) (4,328)
-------- -------- --------
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents (1,411) 5,240 (115)
Cash and cash equivalents beginning of year 6,077 837 952
-------- -------- --------
Cash and cash equivalents end of year $ 4,666 $ 6,077 $ 837
======== ======== ========
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the year for:
Interest $ 61 $ 56 $ 56
======== ======== ========
Income taxes $ 22,891 $ 11,375 $ 12,160
======== ======== ========
Noncash transactions:
Transfers from other assets to securities available-for-sale $ 50
========
Noncash dividends from subsidiaries $ 5,925 $ 2,158
======== ========
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dividends paid to the Company in 1998 by consolidated bank subsidiaries
totaled $28.1 million, $17.5 million in 1997 and $14.7 million in 1996.
Dividends paid to the Company by nonbank subsidiaries totaled $2.0 million in
both 1998 and 1997, and $1.0 million in 1996.
note 22. financial instruments
SFAS No. 107, "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments," requires
disclosure of the fair market value of Financial Instruments (as defined),
whether assets, liabilities or off-balance sheet commitments, if practicable.
The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of
each class of Financial Instruments. Fair value estimates which were derived
from discounted cash flows or broker quotes cannot be substantiated by
comparison to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in
immediate settlement of the instrument.
65
66
notes to consolidated financial statements, december 31, 1998
Cash and due from banks, federal funds sold and other short-term
investments - For these short-term instruments the carrying amount is a
reasonable estimate of fair value.
Securities available-for-sale and securities held-to-maturity - For
marketable securities fair values are based on quoted market prices or dealer
quotes.
Loans - For certain homogeneous categories of loans, such as residential
mortgages and home equity loans, fair value is estimated based on broker quotes
on sales of similar loans. The fair value of fixed rate loans was estimated by
discounting anticipated future cash flows using current rates at which similar
loans would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings and for the same
remaining maturities. The fair value of performing variable rate loans is the
same as the book value at the reporting date because the loans reprice when the
market changes.
Deposit liabilities - The fair value of noncertificate deposit accounts is
the amount payable on demand at the reporting date. The fair value of
fixed-maturity certificates of deposit is estimated by discounting the
anticipated future cash payments using the rates currently offered for deposits
of similar remaining maturities.
Short-term borrowings - For these short-term instruments the carrying
amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value.
Other borrowings - The fair value for FHLB borrowings with an original
maturity of greater than one year was determined by discounting the expected
cash flows using a discount rate equal to the current rate offered by the FHLB
for debt of the same remaining maturity. While the current FHLB debt outstanding
has a prepayment option at the borrower's discretion, the fair value was
estimated assuming the Company will hold the full amount until maturity.
Off-balance sheet financial instruments - For commitments to extend
credit, standby and commercial letters of credit and foreign exchange contracts,
the carrying amount which represents accruals of deferred income (fees) arising
from these instruments, and the fair value of such deferred income is not
material. Refer to Note 20 for notional or contract amounts and a further
discussion of off-balance sheet financial instruments.
Values not determined - SFAS No. 107 excludes certain assets from its
disclosure requirements including real estate included in banking premises and
equipment, lease financings, and the intangible value inherent in the Company's
deposit relationships (i.e., core deposits). Accordingly, the aggregate fair
value amounts presented below do not represent the underlying value of the
Company.
The carrying amount and estimated fair values of the Company's Financial
Instruments at December 31, 1998 and 1997 are as follows:
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998 1997
----------------------------------------------------
Carrying Fair Carrying Fair
(Dollars in thousands) Amount Value Amount Value
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Financial Instrument assets:
Cash and due from banks $ 126,861 $ 126,861 $ 120,521 $ 120,521
Securities 1,289,617 1,289,617 1,207,743 1,209,387
Federal funds sold and other short-term investments 7,969 7,969 81,000 81,000
Loans receivable, net* 4,059,919 4,121,815 3,817,674 3,873,219
Financial Instrument liabilities:
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing $ 847,341 $ 847,341 $ 781,926 $ 781,926
NOW 69,739 69,739 128,293 128,293
Money market 964,705 964,705 786,358 786,358
Regular savings 962,852 962,852 866,164 866,164
Time 1,389,034 1,399,528 1,602,799 1,606,387
Short-term borrowings 986,082 986,082 619,381 619,381
Other borrowings 76,043 76,927 196,845 196,595
* Excludes commercial and consumer leases
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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67
note 23. consolidated selected quarterly financial data (unaudited)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
For Year Ended December 31, 1998 For Year Ended December 31, 1997
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Dollars in thousands, Fourth Third Second First Fourth Third Second First
except per share amounts) Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Interest income $108,004 $107,514 $106,219 $106,833 $105,464 $104,815 $100,287 $ 98,169
Interest expense 43,401 44,778 44,137 44,063 45,623 45,202 43,936 43,445
Net interest income 64,603 62,736 62,082 62,770 59,841 59,613 56,351 54,724
Provision (credit)
for possible loan losses 1,228 789 (880) 1,101 900 850 850 500
Net interest income after provision
for possible loan losses 63,375 61,947 62,962 61,669 58,941 58,763 55,501 54,224
Noninterest income 13,441 11,892 11,106 12,477 11,352 9,470 9,215 11,638
Noninterest expense 49,357 67,030 47,209 45,628 45,122 43,682 44,221 57,219
Income tax expense 10,095 5,071 9,409 9,785 8,501 9,253 7,076 3,814
Net income $ 17,364 $ 1,738 $ 17,450 $ 18,733 $ 16,670 $ 15,298 $ 13,419 $ 4,829
Basic earnings per share $ 0.41 $ 0.04 $ 0.41 $ 0.45 $ 0.40 $ 0.36 $ 0.32 $ 0.12
Diluted earnings per share $ 0.40 $ 0.04 $ 0.40 $ 0.43 $ 0.39 $ 0.36 $ 0.31 $ 0.11
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quarterly net income and diluted earnings per share, while affected by large
infrequent items and the addition of Year 2000 readiness expense in 1998, grew
throughout most of the two-year period. Acquisition and merger-related expenses
and restructuring charges totaling $14.6 million and $19.6 million were incurred
in the first quarter 1997 and third quarter 1998, respectively. Excluding these
charges, diluted earnings per share were $0.35 in first quarter 1997 and $0.39
diluted earnings per share in the third quarter 1998. Large realized gains on
sale of securities and loans positively affected earnings results in the first
quarter 1997, first quarter 1998, and third and fourth quarters 1998.
The two years ended December 31, 1998 was a period of strong growth in net
interest income. Earning asset growth and favorable changes in deposit mix and
reduced deposit and borrowing costs were the largest factors for the improving
margin. The quarterly provision for possible loan losses averaged approximately
$1 million during the two-year period as asset quality remained favorable. The
exception was a $.9 million credit provision recorded in the second quarter of
1998. A credit provision, or reduction in loan loss reserve was recorded by
Somerset Savings Bank prior to acquisition by the Company.
Noninterest income fueled by strong growth in asset management fees,
deposit account service charges and corporate services income, increased during
most of the eight quarter periods. Peak quarters were first quarter 1997 and
first, third and fourth quarter of 1998 due to realized gains on securities and
loan sales of $2.1 million, $1.4 million, $1.1 million, and $1.5 million,
respectively.
In order to support volume growth throughout the Company as well as
support and process the many system conversions and mergers of five banks,
noninterest expenses rose during the eight-quarter period. Acquisition and
merger-related expenses and restructuring charges were recorded in the first,
third, and fourth quarters of 1997 and third quarter of 1998 of $14.6 million,
$1.0 million, $.6 million, and $19.6 million, respectively. In addition, during
1998 the Company incurred Year 2000 readiness expense in quarters one through
four of $.5 million, $.8 million, $1.8 million, and $2.3 million, respectively.
item 9. changes in and disagreements with accountants on accounting and
financial disclosure
None.
67
68
PART III
item 10. directors and executive officers of the registrant
Office of the Chief Executive Officer
In 1987, the Board of Directors of the Company created an Office of the
Chief Executive Officer ("OCEO") (formerly known as the Executive Policy
Committee) which is the primary management forum of the Company for all
strategic and policy decisions. Such decisions of the OCEO are subject to the
review and approval of the Board of Directors of the Company. The OCEO has been
directed by the Board of Directors to make recommendations to the Board
concerning adoption of policies, strategies and programs concerning the
following, among other matters: (a) acquisitions and dispositions of corporate
entities, assets and/or investments; (b) the issuance of equity and/or debt; (c)
engaging in new business activities; (d) the hiring, termination, training and
motivation of senior management; (e) the development of marketing programs
concerning financial services; (f) improvements to operations, service delivery
and implementation of procedures for cost control; (g) improvements to the
financial reporting and financial control systems; (h) improvements to the
business information systems; and (i) improvements concerning risk management
and legal and regulatory compliance programs. As of March 1, 1999, there were 7
members of the OCEO. The members of the OCEO are identified and the background
of each OCEO member is set forth below under "Executive Officers."
Executive Officers
The names and ages of the executive officers of the Company (all of whom
are members of the OCEO) and each executive officer's position with the Company
and its principal subsidiaries are listed below. Each such executive officer is
elected annually by the Directors of the Company (or the Directors of the
applicable subsidiary of the Company) and serves until his or her successor is
duly chosen and qualified or until his or her earlier death, removal or
disqualification.
Name Age Positions and Offices with the Company (and/or where appropriate,
position with one of the Company's susidiaries)
Neal F. Finnegan 61 President, Chief Executive Officer and Director of the Company and
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director of USTrust
Timothy J. Hansberry 55 Vice Chairman, Chief Operating Officer and Director of the Company,
and President, Chief Operating Officer and Director of USTrust
James K. Hunt 55 Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the
Company; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of USTrust
Katharine C. Armstrong 54 Executive Vice President/Credit Administration of the Company and
USTrust
John G. Fallon 52 Executive Vice President/Bank Operations and Information Technology
of the Company and USTrust
Robert T. McAlear 56 Executive Vice President/Consumer Banking and Acquisition Integration
of the Company; Vice Chairman and Director of USTrust
Kathie S. Stevens 48 Executive Vice President/Commercial Lending and Controlled Loans of
the Company; Vice Chairman and Director of USTrust and President and
a Director of UST Capital Corp.
68
69
The following sets forth the principal occupation during the past five years of
each of the executive officers of the Company.
Mr. Finnegan has served as President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
of the Company since 1993. During the prior five years, Mr. Finnegan was
Executive Vice President in charge of Private Banking at Bankers Trust Company,
New York, New York. From 1986 to 1988, Mr. Finnegan was President and Chief
Operating Officer of Bowery Savings Bank in New York City. From 1982 to 1986 he
was Vice Chairman of Shawmut Corporation in Boston. Mr. Finnegan also serves as
Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Northeastern University. Mr. Finnegan is
also Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and a Director of USTrust and Chairman of
the Executive Committee and a Director of USTC.
Mr. Hansberry has served as Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer and
a Director of the Company and as President and Chief Operating Officer and a
Director of USTrust since August, 1998. From April, 1995 to August, 1998 he was
President, Chief Executive Officer and a Director of Affiliated Community
Bancorp, Inc. ("Affiliated") which was acquired by the Company in 1998. From
1992 to 1995, Mr. Hansberry served as President and Chief Executive Officer of
Lexington Savings Bank.
Mr. Hunt was elected Executive Vice President, Treasurer and Chief
Financial Officer of the Company in 1994. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Hunt
served as Executive Vice President at Peoples Bancorp of Worcester, Inc.,
Worcester, Massachusetts, from 1987 through mid-1994. He also serves as
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of USTrust.
Ms. Armstrong has served as Executive Vice President/Credit Administration
of the Company and USTrust since 1998. From 1995 to 1998 Ms. Armstrong served as
Executive Vice President/Commercial Lending of the Company and USTrust. Ms.
Armstrong joined the Company in 1985 and has served in various credit
administration and commercial lending functions since that time.
Mr. Fallon has served as Executive Vice President/Bank Operations and
Information Technology of the Company and USTrust since August, 1998. He served
as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of AFCB from April, 1995
to the date of Affiliated's acquisition by the Company in August, 1998. From
1993 until April, 1995 Mr. Fallon served as Executive Vice President of
Lexington Savings Bank.
Mr. McAlear was elected Executive Vice President/Consumer Banking and
Acquisition Integration in 1998. From 1994 to 1998 Mr. McAlear served as
Executive Vice President/Controlled Loans and Credit of the Company. He has
served as Vice Chairman and a Director of USTrust since he joined the Company in
1990.
Ms. Stevens has served as Executive Vice President/Commercial Lending and
Controlled Loans of the Company since 1998. She was Executive Vice President and
Senior Lending Officer of the Company from 1993 until 1998, and was also elected
to the positions of Vice Chairman and Director of USTrust in 1992. Ms. Stevens
has been a senior officer in the Commercial Lending function since she joined
the Company in 1985. Ms. Stevens is also President and a Director of UST Capital
Corp.
There are no arrangements or understandings between any executive officer
and any other person pursuant to which he or she was selected as an executive
officer.
Other than the information provided in the preceding paragraphs of this
Item 10, the remainder of this item has been omitted since the Company will have
filed a definitive proxy statement within 120 days after December 31, 1998, the
close of its fiscal year. The additional information required by this item is
incorporated by reference to such proxy statement.
item 11. executive compensation
This item has been omitted since the Company will have filed a definitive proxy
statement within 120 days after December 31, 1998, the close of its fiscal year.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to such proxy
statement.
item 12. security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management
This item has been omitted since the Company will have filed a definitive proxy
statement within 120 days after December 31, 1998, the close of its fiscal year.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to such proxy
statement.
69
70
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires the
Company's executive officers and directors to file reports of ownership and
changes in ownership with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Executive
Officers and Directors are required by the SEC regulation to furnish the Company
with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file.
Based solely on its review of the copies of such forms received by it, the
Company believes that, during 1998, all such filing requirements applicable to
its executive officers and directors were complied with by such individuals.
item 13. certain relationships and related transactions
This item has been omitted since the Company will have filed a definitive proxy
statement within 120 days after December 31, 1998, the close of its fiscal year.
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference to such proxy
statement.
70
71
PART IV
item 14. exhibits, financial statement schedules, and reports on form 8-K
(a) List the following documents filed as part of this report:
1. All financial statements
UST Corp. and subsidiaries
See Index to Financial Statements.
2. Financial statement schedules required to be filed by Item 8 of Form
10-K and by Item 14(d)
None (Information included in Financial Statements).
3. Exhibits required to be filed by Item 501 of Regulation S-K and by
Item 13(c)
(3) Articles: By-Laws
3(a) Articles of Organization of the Company as amended to
date. (Exhibit to Form 10-K for year ended December 31,
1996.)**
3(b) Articles of Amendment of the Company dated June 18,
1998.*
3(c) By-laws of the Company as amended to date. (Exhibit to
Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1994.)**
(4) Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including
indentures:
4(a) Specimen of the Company's Common Stock Certificate.
(Exhibit 4.1 to Registrant's Registration Statement No.
2-67787 on Form S-1.)**
4(b) Description of rights of the holders of the Company's
Common Stock (Appearing on Page 64 of Registrant's
Registration Statement No. 333-45809 on Form S-4.)**
4(c) Rights Agreement, dated September 19, 1995, between UST
Corp. and United States Trust Company, as Rights Agent
and exhibits attached thereto. (Exhibit to Registrant's
Form 8-A filed September 26, 1995.)**
(10) Material Contracts
10(a) Acquisition Agreement, dated as of December 17, 1998, by
and among USTrust, Brewer & Lord LLP and each of its
current and former partners. (Confidential treatment to
be requested for certain portions of this Exhibit.)*
10(b) Deferred Compensation Program, as amended to June 16,
1992. (Exhibit to Form 10-K for year ended December 31,
1992.)**
71
72
10(c) Pension Plan, as amended to January 1, 1990. (Exhibit to
Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1991.)**
10(c)(i) Amendment dated December 20, 1994 to the
Pension Plan as previously amended on January
1, 1990. (Exhibit to Form 10-K for year ended
December 31, 1994.)**
10(c)(ii) Amendment dated February 18, 1997 to the
Pension Plan. (Exhibit to Form 10-K for year
ended December 31, 1996.)**
10(c)(iii) Amendment dated December 31, 1997 to the
Pension Plan. (Exhibit to Form 10-K for year
ended December 31, 1997.)**
10(c)(iv) Amendment dated as of January 1, 1999 to the
Pension Plan.*
10(d) Employee Savings Plan as amended to January 1, 1999.*
10(e) 1992 Stock Compensation Plan. (Registration Statement
Nos. 33-54390 and 2-77803.)**
10(e)(i) 1992 Stock Compensation Plan as amended and
restated on November 15, 1994. (Exhibit to
Form 10-K for year ended December 31,
1994.)**
10(f) Dividend Reinvestment Plan, as amended. (Exhibit to
Registration Statement No. 3-38836 on Form S-3.)**
10(g) 1995 Stock Option Plan for Non-Employee Directors.
(Exhibit to Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of
Stockholders dated April 20, 1995.)**
10(h) 1996 Stock Option Plan for Non-Employee Directors.
(Exhibit to Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of
Stockholders dated April 19, 1996.)**
10(i) Executive Employment Agreements with members of the
Company's Office of the Chief Executive Officer.**
10(i)(i) Second Amended and Restated Executive
Employment Agreement, dated as of January 1,
1999, between the Company and Neal F.
Finnegan, President and Chief Executive
Officer of the Company.*
10(i)(ii) Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of
August 10,1998, between USTrust and Timothy
J. Hansberry, Vice Chairman and Chief
Operating Officer of the Company.*
10(i)(iii) Restated Employment Agreement dated
as of February 1, 1996 and amended as of
December 17, 1996 between UST Corp. and James
K. Hunt, Executive Vice President, Chief
Financial Officer and Treasurer of the
Company (Exhibits to Forms 10-K for years
ended December 31, 1995 and December 31,
1996.)**
10(i)(iv) Restated Employment Agreement dated as of
February 1, 1996 and amended as of December
17, 1996 between UST Corp. and Robert T.
McAlear, Executive Vice President of the
Company. (Exhibits to Forms 10-K for years
ended December 31, 1995 and December 31,
1996.)**
72
73
10(i)(v) Restated Employment Agreement dated as of
February 1, 1996 and amended as of December
17, 1996 between UST Corp. and Katharine C.
Armstrong, Executive Vice President of the
Company. (Exhibits to Forms 10-K for years
ended December 31, 1995 and December 31,
1996.)**
10(i)(vi) Restated Employment Agreement dated as of
February 1, 1996 and amended as of December
17, 1996 between UST Corp. and Kathie S.
Stevens, Executive Vice President, of the
Company. (Exhibits to Forms 10-K for years
ended December 31, 1995 and December 31,
1996.)**
10(i)(vii) Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of
August 10, 1998, between UST Corp. and John
G. Fallon, Executive Vice President of the
Company.*
10(j) Severance Pay Plan, effective January 1, 1995 (Exhibit
to Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 1995.)**
10(k) Senior Officer Severance Pay Plan, restated effective
December 8, 1998.*
10(l) Employment Agreement among UST Corp, USTC and Domenic
Colasacco, President of USTC, a wholly-owned subsidiary
of the Company (Exhibit to Form 10-K for year ended
December 31, 1995.)**
10(l)(i) Asset Management Unifying Agreement by and
among Domenic Colasacco and other
Employee/Principals of the Asset Management
Division of the United States Trust Company
and United States Trust Company and UST
Corp., effective as of January 1, 1995
(Exhibit to Form 10-K for year ended December
31, 1995)**
10(l)(ii) Amendment dated December 31, 1996 to the
Asset Management Unifying Agreement by and
among Domenic Colasacco and other
Employee/Principals of the Asset Management
Division of the United States Trust Company
and United States Trust Company and UST
Corp., effective as of January 1,
1995.(Exhibit to Form 10-K for year ended
December 31, 1996)**
10(l)(iii) Amendment dated as of June 30, 1998 to
Employment Agreement, entered into by USTC,
UST and Domenic Colasacco.*
10(m) Agreement, dated November 18, 1998 between Middlesex
Realty Holdings Corp., an indirect wholly-owned
subsidiary of UST Corp. and PL 20 Cabot Properties
Limited Partnership, pursuant to which UST Corp. has
agreed to purchase property at 20 Cabot Road, Medford,
MA.*
(11) Statement re: computation of per share earnings (See Note 16
to the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.)*
(21) Subsidiaries of the Registrant*
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74
(23.1) Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP*
(23.2) Consent of Wolf & Company, P.C.*
(27.1) Article 9 Summary Financial Information for 12 months ended
December 31, 1998.*
(27.2) Article 9 Restated Summary Financial Information for 12
months ended December 31, 1997.*
(27.3) Article 9 Restated Summary Financial Information for 12
months ended December 31, 1996.*
* Filed herewith.
** Filed as part of a previous Commission filing and
incorporated herein by reference.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
None.
(d) Exhibits being filed
See Exhibit Index.
(e) Financial Statement Schedules included in Financial Statements.
74
75
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
UST Corp.
By s/ NEAL F. FINNEGAN
--------------------------------
Neal F. Finnegan
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ JAMES K. HUNT
--------------------------------
James K. Hunt
Executive Vice President, Treasurer and
Chief Financial Officer
Principal Financial Officer and Principal
Accounting Officer)
Date: 3/29/99
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report
has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and
in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
By s/ CHESTER G. ATKINS
--------------------------------
Chester G. Atkins, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ DAVID E. BRADBURY
--------------------------------
David E. Bradbury, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ KENDRICK G. BUSHNELL
--------------------------------
Kendrick G. Bushnell, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ JACK E. CHAPPELL
--------------------------------
Jack E. Chappell, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ ROBERT M. COARD
--------------------------------
Robert M. Coard, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ ROBERT L. CULVER
--------------------------------
Robert L. Culver, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ ALAN K. DERKAZARIAN
--------------------------------
Alan K. Derkazarian, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ DONALD C. DOLBEN
--------------------------------
Donald C. Dolben, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ JAMES F. DREW
--------------------------------
James F. Drew, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ NEAL F. FINNEGAN
--------------------------------
Neal F. Finnegan, Director,
President and
Chief Executive Officer
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ TIMOTHY J. HANSBERRY
--------------------------------
Timothy J. Hansberry, Director,
Vice Chairman and
Chief Operating Officer
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ EDWARD S. HEALD
--------------------------------
Edward S. Heald, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ BRIAN W. HOTAREK
--------------------------------
Brian W. Hotarek, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ JAMES E. McCOBB, JR.
--------------------------------
James E. McCobb, Jr. Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ FRANCIS X. MESSINA
--------------------------------
Francis X. Messina, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ SYDNEY L. MILLER
--------------------------------
Sydney L. Miller, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ VIKKI L. PRYOR
--------------------------------
Vikki L. Pryor, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ GERALD M. RIDGE
--------------------------------
Gerald M. Ridge, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ WILLIAM SCHWARTZ
--------------------------------
William Schwartz, Director
and Chairman of the Board
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ BARBARA C. SIDELL
--------------------------------
Barbara C. Sidell, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ JAMES V. SIDELL
--------------------------------
James V. Sidell, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ PAUL D. SLATER
--------------------------------
Paul D. Slater, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ EDWARD J. SULLIVAN
--------------------------------
Edward J. Sullivan, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ G. ROBERT TOD
--------------------------------
G. Robert Tod, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ MICHAEL J. VERROCHI
--------------------------------
Michael J. Verrochi, Director
Date: 3/29/99
By s/ GORDON M. WEINER
--------------------------------
Gordon M. Weiner, Director
Date: 3/29/99
75