1
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth the percentage change in certain financial data
compared to the previous year, and the financial data as a percentage of revenue
for the years indicated.
Percent increase (decrease) year to year Items as a percentage of revenue
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998/97 1997/96 Income and expense items 1998 1997 1996
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5% 10% Revenue 100% 100% 100%
11% 22% Cost of revenue 39% 36% 33%
-------------------------------
1% 4% Gross profit 61% 64% 67%
Operating expenses: -- -- --
15% 66% Research and development 27% 24% 16%
6% 37% Sales and marketing 23% 23% 18%
14% 12% General and administrative 9% 8% 8%
* * Purchased research
and development -- 27% --
* * Non-recurring expenses 1% -- --
-------------------------------
(23%) 110% Total operating expenses 60% 82% 42%
-------------------------------
108% (178%) Income (loss) from operations 1% (18%) 25%
17% (5%) Interest income, net 4% 3% 4%
135% (156%) Income (loss) before taxes 5% (15%) 29%
-------------------------------
Provision (benefit) for
31% (181%) income taxes 2% (6%) 8%
-------------------------------
138% (146%) Net income (loss) 3% (9%) 21%
===============================
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Percentage change not meaningful
OVERVIEW
Founded in 1991, VideoServer designs, develops, manufactures, sells and services
networked conferencing solutions that enable people in multiple locations to
collaborate using any combination of audio, video, and data. The Company's
principal products, Multimedia Conference Servers (MCS), provide multipoint
conferencing, gateway services, conference control, network management, and
bandwidth management. The Company sells its products worldwide through leading
resellers, integrators, and remarketers of videoconferencing and networking
solutions. VideoServer also sells directly to providers of conferencing
services, including Internet Service Providers (ISPs), telecommunications
carriers, Regional Bell Operating Companies (RBOCs), and global PTTs.
In April 1997, the Company acquired the network access card business unit of
Promptus Communications, Inc. ("Promptus"). Network access cards are a critical
component of conferencing systems, and Promptus had been a market leader and a
major supplier to VideoServer of these products.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1998, 1997, AND 1996
REVENUE Revenue increased 5% to $55.9 million in 1998 from $53.5 million in
1997 and 10% in 1997 from $48.8 million in 1996. The growth in revenue in each
year was primarily driven by increased service revenues and additionally, sales
of network access card products included in the Company's revenue as a result of
the 1997 acquisition of the network access card business unit from Promptus.
Sales of MCS products were somewhat lower in 1998 than in both 1997 and 1996.
This decrease in sales of MCS products is primarily attributed to general
softness in the market for videoconferencing products in 1997 and early 1998,
lower sales to conferencing service providers, and lower sales to PictureTel
Corporation, currently the Company's largest customer. During 1998, quarterly
revenue grew sequentially as market conditions improved and as the Company
broadened its customer base through expanded Original Equipment Manufacturer
(OEM) relationships, new international reseller channels, and domestic service
providers.
Two customers accounted for 35% and 18% of revenue in 1998, 34% and 16% of
revenue in 1997, and 43% and 10% of revenue in 1996.
2
Revenue from international markets, primarily in Europe, were approximately 30%
of revenue in 1998 and 32% of revenue in 1997 and 1996. The Company expects that
revenue from international markets, which are currently denominated in U.S.
dollars, will continue to be a significant portion of the Company's business.
GROSS PROFIT The Company's cost of revenue consists of material costs,
manufacturing labor and overhead, and customer support costs. Gross profit as a
percentage of revenues declined to 61.5% in 1998 from 63.7% in 1997 and 67.3% in
1996. These decreases are primarily attributable to a greater proportion of
lower margin products in the revenue mix, including network access cards and
lower-priced, small group conferencing servers.
Gross profit rates may continue to be lower in future periods as low-end, lower
margin products are expected to represent a larger proportion of the future
revenue mix. Increased competition may also result in lower selling prices.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Research and development expenses consist principally
of compensation costs for engineers, depreciation expense, supplies and testing.
Research and development expenses increased 15% to $14.9 million in 1998 from
$12.9 million in 1997 and, in 1997, increased 66% from $7.8 million in 1996,
representing 27%, 24%, and 16% of revenue in those years. The increases in
spending were primarily due to increased engineering staffing to continue to
develop and enhance the Company's traditional ISDN network based conferencing
products, and to extend its conferencing technologies and introduce products for
the emerging Internet Protocol (IP) and ATM-based conferencing markets. In
addition, the Company expanded its software quality operations to continue to
ensure high-quality product releases as the Company addresses broader networking
environments. Spending increases were also the result of the addition of
development efforts associated with the network access card unit acquired from
Promptus in 1997, a portion of which efforts have been devoted to completing
research and development projects in-process at the date of acquisition. In
connection with the acquisition, the Company recorded a $14 million charge for
purchased research and development, which had not reached technological
feasibility and had no alternative future use.
SALES AND MARKETING Sales and marketing expenses consist principally of
compensation costs (including sales commissions and bonuses), travel expenses,
trade shows, and other marketing programs. Sales and marketing expenses
increased 6% to $13 million in 1998 from $12.2 million in 1997 and, in 1997,
increased 37% from $8.9 million in 1996, representing 23% of revenue in 1998 and
1997, and 18% of revenue in 1996. The increased spending was primarily due to
the addition of sales and marketing personnel, the expansion of field sales
offices, particularly in the European and Asia Pacific markets, and an increase
in marketing programs. The Company expects continued increases in sales and
marketing expenses as it broadens its channels of distribution and extends its
reach into new geographic territories.
GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE General and administrative expenses consist
principally of expenses for finance, administration, and general management
activities, including legal, accounting, and other professional fees. General
and administrative expenses increased 14% to $5.1 million in 1998 from $4.5
million in 1997, and in 1997, increased 12% from $4.0 million in 1996,
representing 9% of revenue in 1998 and 8% of revenue in 1997 and 1996. The
increased spending was primarily due to the addition of finance and
administrative personnel to support overall company growth and the
implementation of a new corporate-wide financial accounting, manufacturing, and
sales and distribution system. The Company expects continued increases in
general and administrative expenses in 1999, although the rate of increase of
these expenses over time is expected to be less than that of revenue.
NON-RECURRING EXPENSES In March 1998, the Company adopted a plan to restructure
certain of its operations to increasingly focus and streamline its product
offerings. As a result of these actions, the Company recorded charges of
approximately $1,300,000 in the quarter ended March 31, 1998. These one-time
charges included $657,000 reported as non-recurring restructuring expenses
primarily covering estimated severance costs, $450,000 reported as cost of
revenue for various write-downs of excess and obsolete inventory, and $193,000
for certain facilities costs reported as research and development expenses.
Approximately $650,000 of the $1,300,000 charge required a cash outlay,
substantially all of which has been paid as of December 31, 1998.
INTEREST INCOME, NET Interest income, net, consists of interest on cash, cash
equivalents, and marketable securities. The increase in interest income in 1998
was primarily related to an increase in cash available for investment. The
modest reduction in interest income in 1997 was due to lower cash available for
investment as a result of the Company's acquisition of the network access card
business unit from Promptus.
PROVISION (BENEFIT) FOR INCOME TAXES The provision (benefit) for income taxes
was at a 34% rate in 1998, (39%) in 1997, and 27% in 1996. In 1998, the
effective tax rate was the same as the federal statutory tax rate. Tax benefits
primarily related to research and development tax credits and interest earned on
tax-exempt securities were offset by the impact of state and foreign income
taxes. Income taxes for 1997 included tax benefits related to the charge to
operations of $14.0 million for purchased in-process research and development
resulting from the acquisition of the network access card business unit from
Promptus. In 1996, the effective tax rate was less than the federal statutory
tax rate as a result of the recognition of deferred tax assets previously
subject to valuation allowances. The Company has approximately $7.3 million in
deferred tax assets at December 31, 1998. The Company believes that these assets
can be realized through a combination of carry-back claims and future taxable
income.
3
OTHER FACTORS WHICH MAY AFFECT FUTURE OPERATIONS
DEPENDENCE ON MAJOR CUSTOMERS. While the Company is focusing efforts on
broadening its reseller, distributor and OEM sales channels, sales to a
relatively small number of customers have accounted for a significant portion of
the Company's revenue. The Company believes that its dependence on a similarly
few number of customers will continue during 1999. This concentration of
customers may cause revenue and operating results to fluctuate from quarter to
quarter based on major customers' requirements and the timing of their orders
and shipments. The Company's agreements with its customers generally do not
include minimum purchase commitments or exclusivity arrangements. The Company's
operating results could be materially and adversely affected if any present or
future major customer were to choose to reduce its level of orders, change to
another vendor for purchases of a similar product, combine their operations with
another company who had an established relationship with another vendor for
purchases of a similar product, experience financial, operational or other
difficulties, or delay paying or fail to pay amounts due the Company.
MARKET GROWTH. Sales of Multimedia Conference Server (MCS) products account for
most of the Company's revenue. The Company's success depends, to a significant
extent, on the acceptance, and the rate of adoption, of MCS products in a number
of market segments, many of which are in the early stages of development. These
markets, including group teleconferencing systems, desktop conferencing systems,
collaborative data-sharing and carrier-based conferencing services, historically
have experienced significant fluctuations in growth rates from year to year.
There can be no assurance that any of the markets for the Company's products
will develop to the extent, in the manner, or at the rate anticipated by the
Company. In addition, future prices the Company is able to obtain for its
products may decrease from historical levels as a result of new product
introductions by others, price competition, technological change, or other
factors.
RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE. The market for the Company's products is
characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards,
emerging network architectures, and frequent new product introductions. The
adoption rate of new technologies and conferencing products, such as those
designed for Internet Protocol (IP) and ATM networks, may adversely impact
near-term growth of the conferencing market as users evaluate the alternatives.
The Company has invested, and for 1999 plans to continue to invest, in software
development and products incorporating certain of these new technologies. Many
other companies, including the Company's largest customer, are also developing
products incorporating these new technologies that are competitive with the
Company's current and future offerings. The Company's success will depend, in
part, upon its ability through continued investments to maintain technological
leadership, to enhance and expand its existing product offerings, and to select
and develop in a timely manner new products that achieve market acceptance.
COMPETITION. The market for networking and communications products is highly
competitive. The Company expects competition to increase significantly in the
future. Currently, the Company's main competitors include Lucent Technologies
and Accord Video Telecommunications, Inc. In addition, a number of other
companies have introduced or announced their intention to introduce products
that could be competitive with the Company's products, and the rapidly evolving
nature of the markets in which the Company competes may attract other new
entrants as they perceive opportunities. Some of the Company's current and
potential competitors have longer operating histories and greater financial,
technical, and sales and marketing resources.
ACQUISITIONS. In 1997, the Company acquired the network access card business
unit from Promptus Communications. The Company may continue to make acquisitions
of, or significant investments in, businesses that offer complementary products,
services, and technologies as part of its overall business strategy. Any such
acquisitions or investments will likely be accompanied by the risks commonly
encountered in acquisitions of businesses, including, among others, the
difficulty of assimilating the operations and personnel of the acquired
businesses, the potential disruption of the Company's ongoing business, and a
reduction in the value of the investment.
PERIOD TO PERIOD FLUCTUATIONS. The Company's operating results are likely to
vary significantly from quarter to quarter as a result of several factors,
including: the timing of new product announcements and introductions by the
Company, its major customers and its competitors; market acceptance of new or
enhanced versions of the Company's products; changes in the product mix of
revenue; changes in the relative proportions of revenue among distribution
channels or among customers within each distribution channel; changes in
manufacturing costs; price reductions for the Company's products; the gain or
loss of significant customers; increased research and development expenses
associated with new product introductions; seasonality; and general economic
conditions. New orders may be characterized by lengthy sales cycles, making it
difficult to predict the quarter in which the sales will occur. Carriers'
deployment projects involve particularly long sales cycles, and shipments for
such projects are therefore often difficult to forecast. In addition, such
shipments are subject to delays in the timing of such projects. The Company
typically operates with a small backlog. As a result, quarterly revenue and
operating results generally depend on the volume, timing of, and ability to
fulfill orders received within the quarter. Also, changes in ordering patterns
have resulted in the Company recognizing a substantial portion of its revenue in
a given quarter from sales booked and shipped in the last weeks of that quarter.
All of the above factors can have a material adverse affect on the Company's
business and operating results for one quarter or a series of quarters, and are
4
difficult to forecast. The Company establishes its expenditure levels for
product development and other operating expenses based, in large part, on its
expected future sales. As a result, if revenue for a particular period is below
expectation, there would likely be a material adverse effect on the Company's
operating results and net income because only a small portion of the Company's
operating expenses vary with its sales in the short term.
PROTECTION OF PROPRIETARY TECHNOLOGY. The Company's success depends, to a large
extent, on its ability to protect its proprietary technology. The Company
currently holds three U.S. patents relating to its existing products and has
several patent applications pending. In addition to its patents, the Company
relies on a combination of contractual rights, trade secrets, and copyrights to
protect its intellectual property rights.
RETENTION OF KEY EMPLOYEES. The Company's success depends, to a significant
degree, upon the continuing contributions of its key management, sales,
marketing, and research and development personnel, many of whom would be
difficult to replace. The Company does not have employment contracts with most
of its key personnel. The Company believes that its future success will depend
in large part upon its ability to attract and retain such key employees.
UNCERTAINTIES REGARDING PATENTS. In 1994 the Company settled patent
infringement litigation brought against it by Datapoint Corporation
("Datapoint") for a cash payment by the Company. However, patent infringement
litigation continued to exist between Datapoint and two of the Company's largest
customers. In addition, Datapoint has written inquiry letters to, or attempted
to bring legal action against, a significant number of others in the
videoconferencing market, including some customers of the Company. Datapoint, in
effect, has asserted that certain Datapoint patents in the videoconferencing
field (the "Datapoint Patents") cover certain aspects of multipoint conferencing
operations involving terminals and multipoint control units, including MCS. In
April 1998, a jury in the Federal District Court in Dallas, Texas ruled, in
Datapoint's patent infringement case with PictureTel Corporation, that products
sold by PictureTel, including those manufactured by the Company, do not infringe
on any of the Datapoint Patents and that the patent claims asserted against
PictureTel are invalid. Datapoint has appealed this decision and that appeal is
currently pending. The conferencing market in general, and the Company's revenue
and operating results in particular, could be adversely affected as a result of
ongoing uncertainties regarding the Datapoint Patents. Such uncertainty and any
impact of it is likely to remain at least until the validity of the patents is
completely adjudicated.
In November 1998, the Company commenced an action for patent infringement
against Accord Video Telecommunications, Inc. ("Accord"). The complaint alleges
that Accord is infringing and has infringed on certain of the Company's patents
covering technology for transcoding video signals, which enables several
fundamental videoconferencing capabilities. These capabilities include
continuous presence or split screen video, and rate matching, which allows
parties who connect to the network at different network speeds to participate in
the same conference. The suit alleges patent infringement in Accord's MGC
product line. The Company is seeking damages and injunctive relief. Accord has
answered the complaint, alleging that it does not infringe and that the
Company's patents at issue are invalid and unenforceable. This matter is in the
early stages of litigation, and therefore the Company is unable to identify
what, if any, impact the outcome of this litigation will have on the future
operating results of the Company.
IMPACT OF YEAR 2000. The Company is continuing efforts to ready itself for the
impact of Year 2000 related technology matters. The Company believes that
current releases of its products are Year 2000 compliant. However, the Company
is continually assessing the Year 2000 compliance of its products and the
ability of its products to interoperate with products of its customers and
suppliers. The Company is continually communicating with its customers
concerning the Year 2000 issue and has created a web site which provides Year
2000 compliance information regarding its products. Although it is the Company's
intention to identify and address all significant Year 2000 issues with its
products, it is possible that not all Year 2000 issues will be identified. The
Company is unable to assess the impact on its operations should significant,
currently unidentified, non-compliance issues arise or remain unidentified.
Also, the majority of the Company's revenue stream is delivered through
videoconferencing equipment OEMs, or through Value Added Resellers (VARs) which
generally remarket the Company's products in combination with other products to
present an integrated conferencing solution to end-users. The Company has not
determined the current state of compliance of its key customers. Should any key
customer not be Year 2000 compliant, their operations may be significantly
impacted. In addition, demand for the Company's products may be impacted by
end-users' decisions to refocus capital spending on efforts to address Year 2000
compliance. The resultant impact on the Company's operations may be significant.
In addition to reviewing the impact of the Year 2000 on its products, on an
ongoing basis the Company is assessing what impact the Year 2000 might have on
its internal systems and operations. To meet general requirements of the
business, in January 1999, the Company completed the initial implementation of a
new company-wide financial accounting, manufacturing, sales and distribution
system. The Company believes this system is fully Year 2000 compliant. Initial
reviews of other internal systems - both information technology systems and
embedded systems - revealed that the majority of the Company's internal systems
are Year 2000 ready. The Company expects, through a combination of software
updates and replacement with new technologies, to render all significant
internal systems Year 2000 ready so as to avoid any significant impact on its
operations. At this point, the Company believes that the incremental costs of
bringing its internal systems into compliance will not be materially greater
than its ongoing normal costs of maintaining and upgrading these systems.
5
The Company is surveying its key suppliers and vendors to ascertain their
preparedness for the Year 2000. The Company currently does not have sufficient
information to assess the potential resultant impact to the Company's operations
should one or more of those key suppliers not be adequately prepared. However,
as the Company has a limited number of key suppliers, it believes the process of
identifying potential issues will not be unduly burdensome. In the event that
the Company discovers issues that cannot be readily addressed, the availability
of alternative suppliers of its products may provide the Company with other
resolution options. As Year 2000 readiness issues are identified, the Company
intends to evaluate contingency plans as needed to address the Company's
requirements. Notwithstanding the Company's efforts, interruptions of key
components or services provided by outside vendors could have an adverse impact
on the Company's operations and future results. The Company has not incurred any
significant costs to date in surveying key suppliers and vendors and further
believes that the future costs of these efforts will not have a material impact
on its operations.
The cost of addressing the Company's Year 2000 compliance is currently being
expensed as incurred and funded through ongoing operations and cash flow. For
the year ended December 31, 1998, the identification and resolution of Year 2000
compliance issues was being carried out primarily by Company personnel. It is
the Company's intention, in 1999, to continue addressing Year 2000 compliance
issues in the same manner.
The Company's review of the full potential impact of Year 2000 issues is
ongoing. It is not likely that every potential Year 2000 issue will be
identified and addressed. However, the Company believes it is taking the
appropriate actions to significantly reduce the risk and impact of Year 2000
issues on its financial position or results of operations.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
At December 31, 1998, the Company has cash, cash equivalents, and marketable
securities of $50.6 million, an increase of $4.1 million from December 31, 1997.
The Company regularly invests excess funds in short-term money market funds,
government securities, and commercial paper. The Company has no long-term debt.
The Company generated cash from operations of $7.7 million in 1998, primarily
through net income and an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses.
Investing activities included $4.5 million for equipment and improvements of
which approximately $1.2 million was for the purchase and implementation of a
corporate-wide financial accounting, manufacturing, and sales and distribution
system. The Company also purchased computers and equipment for research and
development, product support, sales, marketing and general administration to
support the Company's growth. Other assets increased $1.1 million primarily as
the result of the prepayment of royalties for various software licenses and
certain other investments.
Net proceeds from the issuance of stock under the Company's employee stock
programs generated $2.1 million of cash.
At December 31, 1998, the Company has available a bank revolving credit facility
providing for borrowings up to $7.5 million. Borrowings are limited to a
percentage of eligible accounts receivable and are unsecured. Under this credit
facility, the Company is required to maintain certain financial ratios and
minimum levels of net worth and profitability, and is prohibited from paying
cash dividends without the bank's consent. No borrowings have been made under
this facility.
The Company believes that its existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable
securities, together with cash generated from operations and borrowings
available under the Company's credit facility, will be sufficient to meet the
Company's cash requirements for the foreseeable future.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company is exposed to risk involving changing interest rates, which would
affect the return on its investments, and to risk involving foreign currency
fluctuations. In order to limit the potential for market risk on its
investments, the Company has policies restricting investments to high quality
instruments including highly rated U.S. and state government securities,
commercial paper and short-term money market funds and does not use derivative
financial instruments in its investment portfolio. In addition, the Company has
classified all its debt securities as available for sale. This classification
reduces the income statement exposure to interest rate risk. International
revenues are currently denominated in U.S. dollars and the Company's
international operations do not currently present significant exposure to
foreign currency fluctuation. The Company believes the potential impact of the
exposure to risk involving fluctuations in interest or foreign currency rates
would not be material to its financial position or results of operations.
6
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
---------------------------
In thousands, except for share-related data
December 31,
----------------------
1998 1997
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 23,225 $ 24,866
Marketable securities 27,381 21,665
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $1,534 and $1,338 in 1998 and 1997 7,778 7,244
Inventories 3,693 3,882
Deferred income taxes 3,300 2,619
Other current assets 1,497 941
----------------------
Total current assets 66,874 61,217
Equipment and improvements, net of accumulated depreciation 6,616 5,142
Deferred income taxes 4,000 4,341
Other assets, net of accumulated amortization of $1,599 and $984 in 1998 and 1997 2,642 2,199
----------------------
Total assets $ 80,132 $ 72,899
======================
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable $ 3,546 $ 2,458
Accrued expenses 11,396 9,219
Deferred revenue 1,045 964
Current portion of long-term debt -- 167
----------------------
Total current liabilities 15,987 12,808
Commitments and contingencies-Note 10
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 2,000,000 shares
authorized, none issued and outstanding
Common stock, $.01 par value; 40,000,000 shares
authorized; 13,382,206 issued and outstanding in 1998;
13,122,843 issued and outstanding in 1997 134 131
Capital in excess of par value 56,720 54,584
Retained earnings 7,307 5,493
Cumulative translation adjustment (16) (117)
----------------------
Total stockholders' equity 64,145 60,091
----------------------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 80,132 $ 72,899
======================
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See accompanying notes.
7
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
-------------------------------------
In thousands, except per share amounts
Years ended December 31,
------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
REVENUE:
Product revenue $ 50,340 $ 49,415 $ 46,157
Service revenue 5,599 4,080 2,676
------------------------------------
Total revenue 55,939 53,495 48,833
------------------------------------
Cost of revenue:
Cost of product revenue 17,338 15,660 13,556
Cost of service revenue 4,191 3,736 2,399
------------------------------------
Total cost of revenues 21,529 19,396 15,955
------------------------------------
Gross Profit 34,410 34,099 32,878
Operating expenses:
Research and development 14,878 12,886 7,767
Sales and marketing 13,005 12,217 8,945
General and administrative 5,119 4,490 4,004
Purchased research and development -- 14,000 --
Non-recurring charges 657 -- --
------------------------------------
Total operating expenses 33,659 43,593 20,716
------------------------------------
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS 751 (9,494) 12,162
Interest expense (77) (165) (93)
Interest income 2,075 1,877 1,895
------------------------------------
Income (loss) before income taxes 2,749 (7,782) 13,964
Provision (benefit) for income taxes 935 (3,050) 3,770
------------------------------------
NET INCOME (LOSS) $ 1,814 $ (4,732) $ 10,194
====================================
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic $ 0.14 $ (0.37) $ 0.82
Diluted $ 0.13 $ (0.37) $ 0.77
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See accompanying notes.
8
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
-----------------------------------------------
In thousands, except for share-related data
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Retained
Capital In Earnings Cumulative Total
Common Stock Excess Of (Accumulated Translation Treasury Stock Stockholders'
Shares Par Value Par Value Deficit) Adjustment Shares Cost Equity
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BALANCES AS OF
JANUARY 1, 1996 12,548,769 $125 $45,635 $ 31 $ 0 163,038 $(2) $45,789
Stock issued under
employee benefit plans 71,991 1 1,788 (163,038) 2 1,791
Tax benefit related to employee
stock plans 2,150 2,150
Foreign currency
translation adjustment (53) (53)
Net income 10,194 10,194
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BALANCES AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 1996 12,620,760 $126 $49,573 $10,225 $ (53) 0 $ 0 $59,871
Stock issued under
employee benefit plans 278,202 3 1,418 1,421
Tax benefit related to employee
stock plans 180 180
Stock issuance related to
acquisition of business, net
of issuance costs of $27 223,881 2 3,413 3,415
Foreign currency
translation adjustment (64) (64)
Net loss (4,732) (4,732)
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BALANCES AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 1997 13,122,843 $ 131 $54,584 $ 5,493 $(117) 0 $ 0 $60,091
Stock issued under
employee benefits plans 258,903 3 2,066 2,069
Tax benefit related to employee
stock plans 70 70
Foreign currency
translation adjustment 101 101
Net income 1,814 1,814
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BALANCES AS OF
DECEMBER 31, 1998 13,381,746 $134 $56,720 $ 7,307 $ (16) 0 $ 0 $64,145
=========================================================================================
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See accompanying notes
9
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
-------------------------------------
In thousands
Years ended December 31,
------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss) $ 1,814 $ (4,732) $ 10,194
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Purchased research and development -- 14,000 --
Depreciation and amortization 3,686 3,076 1,739
Provision for doubtful accounts 196 261 427
Deferred taxes (340) (4,680) (1,980)
Tax benefit related to stock plan activities 70 180 2,150
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (730) 1,859 (3,448)
Inventories 189 979 (2,055)
Other current assets (556) (50) (300)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 3,265 (1,338) 6,085
Deferred revenue 81 133 (298)
------------------------------------
Net cash provided by operating activities 7,675 9,688 12,514
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Net purchases of equipment and improvements (4,545) (2,954) (3,901)
Purchases of marketable securities (13,198) (2,634) (21,438)
Proceeds from sale of marketable securities 7,482 7,777 8,119
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired -- (15,416) --
Increase in other assets (1,058) (271) (160)
------------------------------------
Net cash used in investing activities (11,319) (13,498) (17,380)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Repayment of long-term debt (167) (557) (675)
Net proceeds from issuance of stock
under employee benefit plans 2,069 1,421 1,791
------------------------------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 1,902 864 1,116
Effect of exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents 101 (64) (53)
------------------------------------
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents (1,641) (3,010) (3,803)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 24,866 27,876 31,679
------------------------------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 23,225 $ 24,866 $ 27,876
====================================
Supplementary disclosure of cash flow information:
Interest paid $ 77 $ 165 $ 94
====================================
- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See accompanying notes.
10
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1 BUSINESS
VideoServer, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("the Company") operate in one
business segment, which is the design, development, manufacture, marketing,
sale, and service of networking equipment and associated software used to
create multimedia networked conferences that connect multiple users over
any network and allow them to interact as a group.
2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
BASIS OF PRESENTATION The consolidated financial statements include the
accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant
intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. All assets and
liabilities of foreign subsidiaries are translated at the rate of exchange
at year end, while sales and expenses are translated at the average rates
in effect during the year. The net effect of these translation adjustments
is shown in the accompanying financial statements as a component of
stockholders' equity.
SIGNIFICANT ESTIMATES AND ASSUMPTIONS The preparation of the financial
statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent
assets and liabilities, if any, at the date of the financial statements,
and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting
period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.
REVENUE RECOGNITION Revenue from product sales is recognized upon
shipment, and the Company's products are generally delivered without
significant post-sale obligations to the customer. If significant
obligations exist, revenue recognition is deferred until the obligations
are satisfied. Estimated product warranty costs are provided for at the
time of sale. Revenue from maintenance agreements is recognized ratably
over the term of the agreements, and other service revenue is recognized as
the services are performed.
CASH EQUIVALENTS AND MARKETABLE SECURITIES All of the Company's cash
equivalents and marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale,
and accordingly are carried at fair market value based on quoted market
prices, which approximates their cost. Unrealized gains and losses, which
are reported as a component of stockholders' equity, were not material in
1997 or 1998. Realized gains and losses are included in net interest
income. The Company considers all liquid investments with a maturity of
three months or less at the date of purchase to be cash equivalents. Cash
equivalents and marketable securities consist of highly rated U.S. and
state government securities, commercial paper, and short-term money market
funds.
Marketable securities at December 31, 1998, classified by contractual
maturity, included $19.9 million due in one year or less, and $7.5 million
due between one year and two years.
CONCENTRATIONS OF CREDIT RISK Sales to two customers accounted for 53%,
50%, and 53% of total revenue in 1998, 1997, and 1996. The accounts
receivable from these customers amounted to approximately $3.3 million and
$3.0 million at December 31, 1998 and 1997. Export sales, primarily to
Europe, were $15.7 million in 1998, $17.4 million in 1997, and $15.8
million in 1996.
11
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to
concentrations of credit risk are cash equivalents, marketable securities
and accounts receivable. All of the Company's cash equivalents and
marketable securities are maintained by major financial institutions.
Concentration of credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is limited
to certain customers to whom the Company makes substantial sales. To reduce
risk, the Company routinely assesses the financial strength of its
customers. The Company has not incurred any material write-offs related to
its accounts receivable.
INVENTORIES Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, with
cost determined using the first-in, first-out method.
EQUIPMENT AND IMPROVEMENTS Equipment and improvements are stated at cost.
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the following
estimated useful lives:
-----------------------------------------------------------
Computer and office equipment 3 years
-----------------------------------------------------------
Furniture and fixtures 5 years
-----------------------------------------------------------
Leasehold Improvements Shorter of lease term of
estimated useful life
-----------------------------------------------------------
DEFERRED REVENUE Deferred revenue represents amounts received from
customers under maintenance agreements or for product sales in advance of
revenue recognition.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COSTS Research and development costs are charged
to expense as incurred. To date, costs of internally developed software
eligible for capitalization have been immaterial and have been expensed as
incurred.
The Company receives fees under product development contracts with certain
customers. Product development fees are recorded as a reduction of research
and development costs as work is performed pursuant to the related
contracts and defined milestones are achieved. Payments received in advance
are recorded as accrued liabilities. Fees recorded as a reduction of
research and development costs, including amounts received from a customer
who is also a stockholder, amounted to $0.5 million and $1.2 million in
1997 and 1996.
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE As of January 1, 1998, the Company adopted
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings per Share"
(SFAS 128). SFAS 128 replaced the calculation of primary and fully diluted
earnings per share with basic and diluted earnings per share. Unlike
primary earnings per share, basic earnings per share excludes any dilutive
effects of stock options. Diluted earnings per share is very similar to the
previously reported fully diluted earnings per share. For the Company, the
difference between the shares used in computing basic and diluted net
income (loss) per share is entirely the result of dilutive stock options.
All net income (loss) per share amounts have been presented, and where
appropriate, restated in accordance with SFAS 128.
Shares used in computing basic and diluted net income (loss) per share are
as follows:
Years Ended December 31,
----------------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
------------------------------------------------------------
Basic 13,236,000 12,867,000 12,486,000
Diluted 13,578,000 12,867,000 13,311,000
========================================
------------------------------------------------------------
The effect of dilutive stock options on the total shares used to compute
diluted net income per share was 342,000 in 1998 and 825,000 in 1996.
ACCOUNTING FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION The Company has elected to account
for its stock-based compensation plans following Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" (APB 25),
and related interpretations rather than the alternative fair value
accounting provided under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No.
123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" (SFAS 123). Accordingly, no
compensation expense has been recognized by the Company for its stock
option plans and its stock purchase plan.
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS In June 1997, the Financial Accounting
Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130,
"Reporting Comprehensive Income" (SFAS 130), and Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 131, "Disclosures About Segments of An Enterprise
and Related Information" (SFAS 131). SFAS 130 establishes standards for
reporting and displaying comprehensive income and its components as part of
a complete set of financial statements.
12
Comprehensive income is a measure of all changes in stockholders' equity
that result from recognized transactions and other economic events of a
period, other than transactions with owners in their capacity as owners.
SFAS 131 requires the use of the 'management approach' in disclosing
segment information, based largely on how senior management generally
analyzes the business operations. The Company has adopted both SFAS 130 and
SFAS 131 in 1998. Application of the new standards had no significant
impact on the financial condition, results of operations or reporting of
the Company.
3 BUSINESS COMBINATION
On April 28, 1997, the Company purchased the network access card ("NAC")
business unit of Promptus Communications, Inc. ("Promptus"). The assets
acquired included all tangible and intangible assets of Promptus' NAC
business unit, including fixed assets, inventories, trade receivables,
products, and technology. Liabilities assumed included all third-party
trade liabilities and other accrued obligations pertaining to the acquired
NAC assets. The total purchase price of approximately $18.8 million
included $14.5 million of cash consideration and 223,881 shares of the
Company's common stock. The acquisition was accounted for under the
purchase method of accounting.
The purchase price was allocated to the tangible and intangible assets
acquired based upon their estimated fair market values. The intangible
assets acquired were valued using risk adjusted cash flow models under
which estimated future cash flows were discounted taking into account risks
related to existing and future target markets and to the completion of the
products expected to be ultimately marketed by the Company, and assessments
of the life expectancy of the underlying technology. The analysis resulted
in an allocation of $2.0 million to purchased software which had reached
technological feasibility, principally represented by the technology
comprising the NAC products being sold by Promptus at the acquisition date.
This amount was capitalized and is being amortized over a five-year period.
In addition, $14.0 million was allocated to purchased research and
development which had not reached technological feasibility and had no
alternative future use. This amount was charged to operations at the
acquisition date.
Operating results of the NAC business unit have been included in the
financial statements from the acquisition date. The following pro forma
information presents the results of operations for the years ended December
31, 1997 and 1996, as if the NAC business unit of Promptus had been
acquired as of January 1, 1997 and 1996, including the charge to operations
of $14.0 million related to purchased in-process research and development
resulting from the acquisition, as if expensed on the date acquired. The
NAC business unit was fully incorporated in the Company's 1998 operating
results.
Years ended December 31,
------------------------
In thousands, except per share amounts 1997 1996
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Total revenue $57,122 $58,469
Net income (loss) $(4,692) $ 1,257
Net income (loss) per share:
Basic $(0.36) $ 0.10
Diluted $(0.36) $ 0.09
---------------------------------------------------------------------
The unaudited pro forma results do not purport to be indicative of the
results which actually would have been obtained had the acquisition been
effected on the dates indicated, or of results which may be achieved in the
future.
4 INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of:
December 31,
---------------------
In thousands 1998 1997
-------------------------------------------------------------
Raw materials and subassemblies $3,188 $2,673
Work in process 27 761
Finished goods 478 448
---------------------
$3,693 $3,882
=====================
-------------------------------------------------------------
13
5 EQUIPMENT AND IMPROVEMENTS
Equipment and improvements consist of:
December 31,
----------------------
In thousands 1998 1997
--------------------------------------------------------------
Computer and office equipment $15,532 $11,041
Furniture and fixtures 411 383
Leasehold improvements 921 895
----------------------
16,864 12,319
Less accumulated depreciation 10,248 7,177
----------------------
$ 6,616 $ 5,142
======================
--------------------------------------------------------------
6 ACCRUED EXPENSES
Accrued expenses consist of:
December 31,
----------------------
In thousands 1998 1997
--------------------------------------------------------------
Employee compensation
and benefits $ 2,974 $2,975
Professional fees 1,191 599
Warranties and other customer-
related costs 4,093 3,966
Income taxes payable 2,299 850
Other accrued expenses 839 829
----------------------
$11,396 $9,219
======================
--------------------------------------------------------------
7 BANK ARRANGEMENTS
The Company has a revolving credit facility of $7,500,000 which bears
interest at the prime rate (7.75% at December 31, 1998) and is available
until March 2001. Borrowings under the facility may not exceed 80% of
qualified accounts receivable, as defined. No borrowings have been made
under this facility.
The revolving credit facility is unsecured; however, the Company is
required to maintain certain financial ratios and minimum levels of net
worth and profitability, and the Company's ability to pay dividends to
stockholders is restricted under the terms of the loan agreement.
8 INCOME TAXES
The provision (benefit) for income taxes for 1998, 1997, and 1996 is as
follows:
Years ended December 31,
------------------------------------
In thousands 1998 1997 1996
--------------------------------------------------------
Current:
Federal $1,029 $ 1,104 $4,359
State 112 403 1,330
Foreign 134 123 61
------------------------------------
1,275 1,630 5,750
Deferred:
Federal (298) (4,095) (1,695)
State (42) (585) (285)
------------------------------------
$ 935 $(3,050) $ 3,770
====================================
--------------------------------------------------------
Cash payments for income taxes totaled approximately $254,000, $1,254,000,
and $2,408,000 in 1998, 1997, and 1996.
The effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal income tax rate
due to the following:
Years ended December 31,
----------------------------------
1998 1997 1996
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Statutory income tax rate 34.0% (34.0)% 35.0%
State income taxes, net of
federal benefit 6.0 (1.5) 4.9
Research and development
tax credits (3.4) (2.0) (1.4)
Tax benefit from Foreign
Sales Corporation -- -- (1.9)
Tax-exempt interest income (7.2) (4.1) (2.7)
Foreign and other 4.6 2.4 .4
Change in valuation
allowance -- -- (7.3)
----------------------------------
Effective tax rate 34.0% (39.2)% 27.0%
==================================
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences
between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial
reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes.
Income taxes for 1997 include tax benefits related to the charge to
operations of $14.0 million for purchased research and development
resulting from the acquisition of the NAC business unit. In 1996, a
valuation allowance, recorded in 1995 to offset certain net deferred tax
assets, was eliminated as the Company deemed it more likely than not that
sufficient future taxable income would be generated to realize the full
benefit of deferred tax assets.
The following is a summary of the significant components of the Company's
deferred tax asset:
December 31,
---------------------
In thousands 1998 1997
--------------------------------------------------------
Deferred tax asset:
Purchased research
and development $4,481 $4,900
Reserves not currently
deductible 2,606 2,136
Depreciation and other 213 (76)
---------------------
Total deferred tax asset $7,300 $6,960
=====================
--------------------------------------------------------
14
9 RESTRUCTURING
In March 1998, the Company adopted a plan to restructure certain of its
operations to increasingly focus and streamline its product offerings. As a
result of these actions, the Company recorded charges of approximately
$1,300,000 in the quarter ended March 31, 1998. These one-time charges
included $657,000 reported as non-recurring restructuring expenses
primarily covering estimated severance costs, $450,000 reported as cost of
sales for various write-downs of excess and obsolete inventory, and
$193,000 for certain facilities costs reported as research and development
expenses. Approximately $650,000 of the $1,300,000 charge required a cash
outlay, substantially all of which has been paid as of December 31, 1998.
10 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
The Company rents its primary facility under an operating lease which
expires in February 2001. The Company also leases sales offices under
leases that expire on various dates through February 2001. Future minimum
lease payments at December 31, 1998 under these non-cancelable operating
leases are approximately $624,000 in 1999, $486,000 in 2000, and $78,000 in
2001. Rent expense was approximately $997,000, $895,000, and $595,000 in
1998, 1997, and 1996.
In 1994, the Company settled patent infringement litigation brought against
it by Datapoint Corporation ("Datapoint") for a cash payment by the
Company. The Company recorded charges against 1994 operations of
approximately $850,000 for the agreed-upon costs of the settlement and
indemnification of one of its customers. However, patent infringement
litigation continued to exist between Datapoint and two of the Company's
largest customers. In addition, Datapoint has written inquiry letters to,
or attempted to bring legal action against, a significant number of others
in the videoconferencing market, including some customers of the Company.
Datapoint, in effect, has asserted that certain Datapoint patents in the
videoconferencing field (the "Datapoint Patents") cover certain aspects of
multipoint conferencing operations involving terminals and multipoint
control units, including MCS. In April 1998, a jury in the Federal District
Court in Dallas, Texas ruled, in Datapoint's patent infringement case with
PictureTel Corporation, that products sold by PictureTel, including those
manufactured by the Company, do not infringe on any of the Datapoint
Patents and that the patent claims asserted against PictureTel are invalid.
Datapoint has appealed this decision and that appeal is currently pending.
The conferencing market in general, and the Company's sales and operating
results in particular, could be adversely affected as a result of ongoing
uncertainties regarding the Datapoint Patents. Such uncertainty, and any
impact of it, is likely to remain at least until the validity of the
patents is completely adjudicated.
In November 1998, the Company commenced an action for patent infringement
against Accord Video Telecommunications, Inc. ("Accord") in the United
States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. The complaint
alleges that Accord is infringing and has infringed on certain of the
Company's patents covering technology for transcoding video signals, which
enables several fundamental videoconferencing capabilities. The Company is
seeking damages and injunctive relief. Accord has answered the complaint,
alleging that it does not infringe and that the Company's patents at issue
are invalid and unenforceable. In addition, Accord has asserted a
declaratory judgement counterclaim, seeking that the court declare that the
patents at issue are not infringed by the Accord products and/or that the
patents at issue are invalid and unenforceable. This matter is in the early
stages of litigation, and therefore the Company is unable to identify what,
if any, impact the outcome of this litigation will have on the future
operating results of the Company.
15
11 STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
The Company has 40,000,000 authorized shares of common and 2,000,000
authorized shares of undesignated preferred stock. Each series of Preferred
Stock shall have such rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions,
including voting rights, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption
privileges, and liquidation preferences as determined by the Board of
Directors.
12 BENEFIT PLANS
STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN The Company's Amended and Restated 1991 Stock
Incentive Plan (the "1991 Plan") provides for the sale or award of common
stock, or the grant of incentive stock options or nonqualified stock
options for the purchase of common stock, of up to 4,756,466 shares to
officers, employees, and consultants. The Plan is administered by the Board
of Directors. Options have been granted at a price not less than the fair
market value on the date of grant. The options generally become exercisable
over a five-year period and expire over a period not exceeding ten years.
Shares issuable will increase as of January 1, 1999, and will increase each
January 1 thereafter during the term of the plan, by an additional number
of shares of common stock equal to five percent of the total number of
shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of December 31 of the
preceding year.
NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTOR STOCK OPTION PLAN The Company's Amended and Restated
1994 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan (the "Director Plan") provides
that each non-employee director of the Company be granted an option to
acquire 15,000 shares of common stock on the date that person becomes a
director and annually be granted, beginning with the January 1 falling at
least twelve months after a director's initial grant, an option to purchase
an additional 3,000 shares. Options are granted at a price equal to the
fair market value on the date of grant. The option becomes exercisable over
a four-year period, and the term of the option is ten years from the date
of grant. The Company has reserved 200,000 shares of common stock for
issuance under the Director Plan.
A summary of option activity under the 1991 Plan and the Director Plan is
as follows:
--------------------------
Weighted
Average Exercise
Shares Price
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at January 1, 1996: 972,900 $ 7.36
Granted 791,425 $26.75
Terminated (97,775) $17.20
Exercised (191,011) $ 5.53
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at December 31, 1996: 1,475,539 $17.35
Granted 1,343,000 $13.14
Terminated (411,102) $17.80
Exercised (217,798) $ 3.29
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at December 31, 1997: 2,189,639 $16.08
Granted 965,500 $ 9.10
Terminated (815,090) $19.63
Exercised (163,192) $ 7.33
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Outstanding at December 31, 1998 2,176,857 $12.31
Exercisable at December 31, 1996 202,192
Exercisable at December 31, 1997 377,840
Exercisable at December 31, 1998 519,847
============================
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
16
Related information for options outstanding and exercisable as of December
31, 1998 under these benefit plans is as follows:
-----------------------------------------
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
OUTSTANDING Remaining Exercise
OPTIONS Shares Contractual Life Price
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Range of Exercise Prices
$ .01 - $ 7.81 686,199 8.0 $ 7.10
$ 8.13 - $10.00 372,794 5.7 $ 9.34
$10.06 - $19.25 949,554 5.2 $13.53
$23.25 - $43.25 168,310 3.9 $33.29
-----------------------------------------
Total outstanding 2,176,857 6.1 $12.31
=========================================
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------
Weighted
EXERCISABLE Average
OPTIONS Shares Exercise Price
--------------------------------------------------------
Range of Exercise Prices
$ .01 - $ 7.81 133,729 $ 4.36
$ 8.13 - $10.00 90,732 $ 9.22
$10.06 - $19.25 215,138 $14.59
$23.25- $43.25 80,248 $32.78
---------------------------
Total exercisable 519,847 $13.83
===========================
--------------------------------------------------------
EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN The Company has an Employee Stock Purchase
Plan (the "Stock Purchase Plan") under which eligible employees may
purchase common stock at a price per share equal to 85% of the lower of the
fair market value of the common stock at the beginning or end of each
offering period. Participation in the offering is limited to 10% of an
employee's compensation (not to exceed amounts allowed under Section 423 of
the Internal Revenue Code), may be terminated at any time by the employee
and automatically ends on termination of employment with the Company. A
total of 300,000 shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance
under this plan. The first offering period commenced on the effective date
of the Company's initial public offering of shares of its common stock, and
continued until January 31, 1996. Subsequent six month offering periods
commenced on February 1 and August 1, 1996, and have commenced on each
February 1 and August 1 thereafter.
PRO FORMA INFORMATION FOR STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION Pro forma information
regarding net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share, as if the
Company had used the fair value method of SFAS 123 to account for stock
options issued under its 1991 Plan and Director Plan, and shares purchased
under the Stock Purchase Plan, is presented below. The fair value of stock
activity under these plans was estimated at the date of grant using a
Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions as of the
date of grant: risk-free interest rates equal to the then available rate
for zero-coupon U.S. government issues with a remaining term equal to the
expected life of the options; no dividend yields; an average volatility
factor of the expected market price of the Company's common stock over the
expected life of the option of .85 in 1998, .68 in 1997, and .50 in 1996;
and a weighted-average expected life of the option of 5.3 years in 1998 and
1997, and 5.4 years in 1996.
17
For purposes of pro forma disclosures, the estimated weighted average fair
value of options granted during the year of $6.47, $8.39, and $9.51 in
1998, 1997, and 1996 is amortized to expense over the related vesting
period. Pro forma information is as follows:
Years ended December 31,
In thousands, except ------------------------------------
per share amounts 1998 1997 1996
------------------------------------------------------------------
Pro forma net income $(2,375) $(8,137) $8,973
Pro forma earnings
per share:
Basic $ (0.18) $ (0.63) $ 0.73
Diluted $ (0.17) $ (0.63) $ 0.69
====================================
------------------------------------------------------------------
SAVINGS PLAN The Company sponsors a savings plan for its employees which
has been qualified under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code.
Eligible employees are permitted to contribute to the 401(k) plan through
payroll deductions within statutory and plan limits. Contributions from the
Company are made at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Through
December 1996, the Company made no contributions to the 401(k) plan. In
1997, as authorized by the Board of Directors, the Company began to match a
portion of its employees' contributions to the plan, which approximated
$227,000 in 1998 and $205,000 in 1997.
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) All previously presented net
income (loss) per share amounts have been restated to comply with Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings per Share."
Quarters ended
In thousands except -----------------------------------------------------
per share amounts March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1997
Revenue $15,303 $11,451 $12,903 $13,838
Gross profit 10,344 7,231 7,961 8,563
Operating income (loss) 4,002 (13,970) 38 436
Net income (loss) 2,897 (8,679) 485 565
Net income (loss)
per share - basic 0.23 (0.68) 0.04 0.04
Net income (loss)
per share - diluted 0.22 (0.68) 0.04 0.04
Common stock
price - high $ 46.25 $ 23.00 $ 13.63 $ 16.88
Common stock
price - low $ 20.38 $ 12.13 $ 9.88 $ 9.88
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1998
Revenue $11,753 $13,007 $14,717 $16,462
Gross profit 6,749 8,123 9,240 10,298
Operating income (loss) (1,763) 310 878 1,326
Net income (loss) (1,298) 518 1,042 1,552
Net income (loss)
per share - basic (0.10) 0.04 0.08 0.12
Net income (loss)
per share - diluted (0.10) 0.04 0.08 0.11
Common stock
price - high $ 16.00 $ 12.63 $ 14.00 $ 18.50
Common stock
price - low $ 12.48 $ 7.75 $ 6.75 $ 6.75
- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS
VIDEOSERVER, INC.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of VideoServer,
Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the
related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash
flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1998. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on
our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of
VideoServer, Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the
consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 1998 in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles.
/s/ Ernst & Young, LLP
- ----------------------
Boston, Massachusetts
January 19, 1999