EXHIBIT 24

                            NUVEEN INVESTMENTS, INC.

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director of Nuveen
Investments, Inc., hereby constitutes and appoints JOHN P. AMBOIAN and ALAN G.
BERKSHIRE, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his
true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution
and resubstitution, for him and on his behalf and in his name, place and stead,
in any and all capacities, to execute any such annual, periodic or special
report pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, including any and all amendments thereto, with all exhibits thereto,
and any and all other documents in connection therewith, and to file the same
with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any regulatory authority,
federal or state, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of
them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to
effectuate the same, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could
do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact
and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director of Nuveen Investments, Inc. has
hereunto set his hand this 6th day of March 2006.


                                        /s/ Timothy R. Schwertfeger
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Timothy R. Schwertfeger

STATE OF ILLINOIS   )
                    ) SS
COUNTY OF COOK      )

On this 6th day of March 2006, personally appeared before me, a Notary Public in
and for said County and State, the person named above who is known to me to be
the person whose name and signature is affixed to the foregoing Power of
Attorney and who acknowledges the same to be his voluntary act and deed for the
intent and purposes therein set forth.


(SEAL)                                  /s/ Jose A. Visaya
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Notary Public

My Commission Expires: May 15, 2009



                            NUVEEN INVESTMENTS, INC.

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director of Nuveen
Investments, Inc., hereby constitutes and appoints ALAN G. BERKSHIRE, (with full
power to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full
power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and on his behalf and in his
name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to execute any such annual,
periodic or special report pursuant to the requirements of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, including any and all amendments thereto, with
all exhibits thereto, and any and all other documents in connection therewith,
and to file the same with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any
regulatory authority, federal or state, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and
agent full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to
effectuate the same, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could
do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact and
agent or his substitute, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director of Nuveen Investments, Inc. has
hereunto set his hand this 3rd day of March 2006.


                                        /s/ John P. Amboian
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        John P. Amboian

STATE OF ILLINOIS   )
                    ) SS
COUNTY OF COOK      )

On this 3rd day of March 2006, personally appeared before me, a Notary Public in
and for said County and State, the person named above who is known to me to be
the person whose name and signature is affixed to the foregoing Power of
Attorney and who acknowledges the same to be his voluntary act and deed for the
intent and purposes therein set forth.


(SEAL)                                  /s/ Jose A. Visaya
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Notary Public

My Commission Expires: May 15, 2009



                            NUVEEN INVESTMENTS, INC.

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director of Nuveen
Investments, Inc., hereby constitutes and appoints JOHN P. AMBOIAN and ALAN G.
BERKSHIRE, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his
true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution
and resubstitution, for him and on his behalf and in his name, place and stead,
in any and all capacities, to execute any such annual, periodic or special
report pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, including any and all amendments thereto, with all exhibits thereto,
and any and all other documents in connection therewith, and to file the same
with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any regulatory authority,
federal or state, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of
them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to
effectuate the same, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could
do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact
and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director of Nuveen Investments, Inc. has
hereunto set his hand this 3rd day of March 2006.


                                        /s/ W. John Driscoll
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        W. John Driscoll

STATE OF MINNESOTA   )
                     ) SS
COUNTY OF RAMSEY     )

On this 3rd day of March 2006, personally appeared before me, a Notary Public in
and for said County and State, the person named above who is known to me to be
the person whose name and signature is affixed to the foregoing Power of
Attorney and who acknowledges the same to be his voluntary act and deed for the
intent and purposes therein set forth.


(SEAL)                                  /s/ Cheryl M. McNary
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Notary Public

My Commission Expires: January 31, 2010



                            NUVEEN INVESTMENTS, INC.

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director of Nuveen
Investments, Inc., hereby constitutes and appoints JOHN P. AMBOIAN and ALAN G.
BERKSHIRE, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his
true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution
and resubstitution, for him and on his behalf and in his name, place and stead,
in any and all capacities, to execute any such annual, periodic or special
report pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, including any and all amendments thereto, with all exhibits thereto,
and any and all other documents in connection therewith, and to file the same
with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any regulatory authority,
federal or state, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of
them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to
effectuate the same, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could
do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact
and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director of Nuveen Investments, Inc. has
hereunto set his hand this 4th of March 2006.


                                        /s/ Duane R. Kullberg
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Duane R. Kullberg

STATE OF ILLINOIS   )
                    ) SS
COUNTY OF COOK      )

On this 4th day of March 2006, personally appeared before me, a Notary Public in
and for said County and State, the person named above who is known to me to be
the person whose name and signature is affixed to the foregoing Power of
Attorney and who acknowledges the same to be his voluntary act and deed for the
intent and purposes therein set forth.


(SEAL)                                  /s/ Jose A. Visaya
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Notary Public

My Commission Expires: May 15, 2009



                            NUVEEN INVESTMENTS, INC.

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director of Nuveen
Investments, Inc., hereby constitutes and appoints JOHN P. AMBOIAN and ALAN G.
BERKSHIRE, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his
true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution
and resubstitution, for him and on his behalf and in his name, place and stead,
in any and all capacities, to execute any such annual, periodic or special
report pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, including any and all amendments thereto, with all exhibits thereto,
and any and all other documents in connection therewith, and to file the same
with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any regulatory authority,
federal or state, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of
them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to
effectuate the same, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could
do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact
and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director of Nuveen Investments, Inc. has
hereunto set his hand this 8th day of March 2006.


                                        /s/ Connie K. Duckworth
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Connie K. Duckworth

STATE OF ILLINOIS   )
                    ) SS
COUNTY OF COOK      )

On this 8th day of March 2006, personally appeared before me, a Notary Public in
and for said County and State, the person named above who is known to me to be
the person whose name and signature is affixed to the foregoing Power of
Attorney and who acknowledges the same to be his voluntary act and deed for the
intent and purposes therein set forth.

                                        /s/ Olivia Rubio
(SEAL)                                  ---------------------------------------
                                        Notary Public

My Commission Expires: April 14, 2009



                            NUVEEN INVESTMENTS, INC.

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director of Nuveen
Investments, Inc., hereby constitutes and appoints JOHN P. AMBOIAN and ALAN G.
BERKSHIRE, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his
true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution
and resubstitution, for him and on his behalf and in his name, place and stead,
in any and all capacities, to execute any such annual, periodic or special
report pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, including any and all amendments thereto, with all exhibits thereto,
and any and all other documents in connection therewith, and to file the same
with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any regulatory authority,
federal or state, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of
them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to
effectuate the same, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could
do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact
and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director of Nuveen Investments, Inc. has
hereunto set his hand this 7th day of March 2006.


                                        /s/ Roderick A. Palmore
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Roderick A. Palmore

STATE OF ILLINOIS   )
                    ) SS
COUNTY OF COOK      )

On this 7th day of March 2006, personally appeared before me, a Notary Public in
and for said County and State, the person named above who is known to me to be
the person whose name and signature is affixed to the foregoing Power of
Attorney and who acknowledges the same to be his voluntary act and deed for the
intent and purposes therein set forth.


(SEAL)                                  /s/ Rosemarie Pisowicz
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Notary Public

My Commission Expires: October 5, 2207



                            NUVEEN INVESTMENTS, INC.

                                POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director of Nuveen
Investments, Inc., hereby constitutes and appoints JOHN P. AMBOIAN and ALAN G.
BERKSHIRE, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his
true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution
and resubstitution, for him and on his behalf and in his name, place and stead,
in any and all capacities, to execute any such annual, periodic or special
report pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, including any and all amendments thereto, with all exhibits thereto,
and any and all other documents in connection therewith, and to file the same
with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any regulatory authority,
federal or state, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of
them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing
requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to
effectuate the same, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could
do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact
and agents or any of them, or their or his substitute or substitutes, may
lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director of Nuveen Investments, Inc. has
hereunto set his hand this 3rd day of March 2006.


                                        /s/ Willard L. Boyd
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Willard L. Boyd

STATE OF IOWA       )
                    ) SS
COUNTY OF JOHNSON   )

On this 3rd day of March 2006, personally appeared before me, a Notary Public in
and for said County and State, the person named above who is known to me to be
the person whose name and signature is affixed to the foregoing Power of
Attorney and who acknowledges the same to be his voluntary act and deed for the
intent and purposes therein set forth.


(SEAL)                                  /s/ Grace Tully
                                        ----------------------------------------
                                        Notary Public

My Commission Expires: October 27, 2008