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Exhibit 3.2
BY - LAWS
OF
RENEX CORP.
(A FLORIDA CORPORATION)
ARTICLE I
STOCKHOLDERS
1. CERTIFICATES - REPRESENTING STOCK. Certificates representing stock
in the Corporation shall be signed by, or in the name of, the corporation by the
Chairman or Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors, if any, or by the President
or a Vice-President and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer or the
Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the corporation. Any or all signatures on
any such certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent, or
registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a
certificate shall have ceased to be an officer, transfer agent, or registrar
before such certificate is issued, such certificate may be issued by the
corporation with the same effect as if he were still such officer, transfer
agent, or registrar at the date of issue.
Whenever the corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one
class of stock or more than one series of any class of stock, and whenever the
corporation shall issue any shares of its stock as partly paid stock, the
certificates representing shares of any such class or series or of any such
partly paid stock shall contain thereon the statements prescribed by the Florida
Business Corporation Law. Any restrictions on the transfer or registration of
transfer of any shares of stock of any class or series shall be noted
conspicuously on the certificates representing such shares.
The corporation may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated
shares in place of any certificate theretofore issued by it, alleged to have
been lost, stolen, or destroyed, and the Board of Directors may require the
owner of the lost, stolen, or destroyed certificate, or his legal
representative, to give the corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify the
corporation against any claim that may be made against it on account of the
alleged loss, theft, or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of
any such certificate or uncertificated shares.
2. UNCERTIFICATED SHARES. Subject to any conditions imposed by the
Florida Business Corporation Law, the Board of Directors of the corporation may
provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or
series of the stock of the corporation shall be uncertificated shares. Within a
reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of any uncertificated shares, the
corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof the written notice
prescribed by the Florida Business Corporation Law.
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3. FRACTIONAL SHARE INTERESTS. The corporation may, but shall not be
required to, issue fractions of a share. If the corporation does not issue
fractions of a share, it shall (1) arrange for the disposition of fractional
interests by those entitled thereto, (2) pay in cash the fair value of fractions
of a share as of the time when those entitled to receive such fractions are
determined, or (3) issue scrip or warrants in registered form (either
represented by a certificate or be uncertificated) or bearer form (represented
by a certificate) which shall entitle the holder to receive a full share upon
the surrender of such scrip or warrants aggregating a full share. A certificate
for a fractional share or an uncertificated fractional share shall, but scrip or
warrants shall not unless otherwise provided therein, entitle the holder to
exercise voting rights, to receive dividends thereon, and to participate in any
of the assets of the corporation in the event of liquidation. The Board of
Directors may cause scrip or warrants to be issued subject to the conditions
that they shall become void if not exchanged for certificates representing the
full shares or uncertificated full shares before a specified date, or, subject
to the conditions that the shares for which scrip or warrants are exchangeable,
may be sold by the corporation and the proceeds thereof distributed to the
holders of scrip or warrants, or subject to any other conditions which the Board
of Directors may impose.
4. STOCK TRANSFERS. Upon compliance with any provisions restricting the
transfer or registration of transfer of shares of stock, if any, transfer or
registration of transfers of shares of stock of the corporation shall be made
only on the stock ledger of the corporation by the registered holder thereof, or
by his attorney thereunto authorized by power of attorney duly executed and
filed with the Secretary of the corporation or with a transfer agent or a
registrar, if any, and, in the case of shares represented by certificates, on
surrender of the certificate or certificates for such shares of stock properly
endorsed and the payment of all taxes due thereon.
5. RECORD DATE. For the purpose of determining the stockholders
entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any
adjournment thereof, or for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to
receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any right, or for the
purpose of any other action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a date
as the record date for any such determination of stockholders. Such date shall
not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such
meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any other action. If no record
date is fixed, such record date shall be determined in accordance with the
provisions of the Florida Business Corporation Law.
6. MEANING OF CERTAIN TERMS. As used herein with respect to the right
to notice of a meeting of stockholders or a waiver thereof or,to participate or
vote thereat or to consent or dissent in writing in lieu of a meeting, as the
case may be, the term "share" or "shares" or "share of stock" or "shares of
stock" or "stockholder" or "stockholders" refers to an outstanding share or
shares of stock and to a holder or holders of record of outstanding shares of
stock when the corporation is authorized to issue only one class of shares of
stock, and said reference is also intended to include any outstanding share or
shares of stock and any holder or holders of record of outstanding shares of
stock of any class upon which or upon whom the articles of incorporation confers
such rights where there are two or more classes or series of shares of stock or
upon which or upon whom the Florida Business Corporation Law confers such rights
notwithstanding that the articles of incorporation may provide for more than one
class or
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series of shares of stock, one or more of which are limited or denied such
rights thereunder; provided, however, that no such right shall vest in the event
of an increase or a decrease in the authorized number of shares of stock of any
class or series which is otherwise denied voting rights under the provisions of
the articles of incorporation, except as any provision of law may otherwise
require.
7. STOCKHOLDER MEETINGS.
(a) Time. The annual meeting shall be held on the date and at the
time fixed from time to time, by the Board of Directors. A special meeting shall
be held on the date and at the time fixed by the Board of Directors.
(b) Place. Annual meetings and special meetings shall be held at
such place, within or without the State of Florida, as the Board of Directors
may, from time to time, fix. Whenever the Board of Directors shall fail to fix
such place, the meeting shall be held at the registered offices of the
corporation in the State of Florida.
(c) Call. Annual meetings and special meetings may be called by a
majority of the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, or by such
officers instructed by the Board of Directors to call the meeting.
(d) Notice or Waiver of Notice. Written notice of all meetings
shall be given, stating the place, date, and hour of the meeting and stating
the place within the city or other municipality or community at which the list
of stockholders of the corporation may be examined. The notice of an annual
meeting shall state that the meeting is called for the election of directors
and for the transaction of other business which may properly come before the
meeting and shall, (if any other action which could be taken at a special
meeting is to be taken at such annual meeting) state the purpose or purposes.
The notice of a special meeting shall in all instances state the purpose or
purposes for which the meeting is called. The notice of any meeting shall also
include, or be accompanied by, any additional statements, information, or
documents prescribed by the Florida Business Corporation Law. Except as
otherwise provided by the Florida Business Corporation Law, a copy of the
notice of any meeting shall be given, personally or by mail, not less than ten
(10) days nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting, unless
the lapse of the prescribed period of time shall have been waived, and directed
to each stockholder at his record address or at such other address which he may
have furnished by request in writing to the Secretary of the corporation.
Notice by mail shall be deemed to be given when deposited, with postage thereon
prepaid, in the United States Mail. If a meeting is adjourned to another time,
not more than thirty days hence, and/or to another place, and if an
announcement of the adjourned time and/or place is made at the meeting, it
shall not be necessary to give notice of the adjourned meeting unless the
directors, after adjournment, fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
Notice need not be given to any stockholder who submits a written waiver of
notice signed by him before or after the time stated therein. Attendance of a
stockholder at a meeting of stockholders shall constitute a waiver of notice of
such meeting, except when the stockholder attends the meeting for the express
purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of
any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither
the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of,
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any annual or special meeting of the stockholders need be specified in any
written waiver of notice.
(e) Advance Notice of Stockholder Nominations of Directors at
Annual Meetings. Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following
procedures shall be eligible for election as directors of the corporation at an
annual meeting, except as may be otherwise provided in the articles of
incorporation of the corporation with respect to the rights of holders of
preferred stock of the corporation to nominate and elect a specified number of
directors in certain circumstances. Nominations of persons for election to the
Board of Directors may be made at any annual meeting of stockholders (a) by or
at the direction of the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee
thereof) or (b) by any stockholder of the corporation (i) who is a stockholder
of record on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this Section 7
and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at
such meeting and (ii) who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this
Section 7.
In addition to any other applicable requirements, for a nomination to
be made by a stockholder, such stockholder must have given timely notice thereof
in proper written form to the Secretary of the corporation.
To be timely, a stockholder's notice to the Secretary with respect to
an annual meeting must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal
executive offices of the corporation, not less than sixty (60) days nor more
than ninety (90) days prior to the anniversary date of the immediately preceding
annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that the
annual meeting is called for a date that is not within thirty-one (31) days
before or after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder in order to be
timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth
(10th) day following the day on which such notice of the date of the annual
meeting was mailed or such public disclosure of the date of the annual meeting
was made, whichever first occurs.
To be in proper written form, a stockholder's notice to the Secretary
must set forth (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate
for election as a director (i) the name, age, business address and residence
address of the person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of the
person, (iii) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the
corporation which are owned beneficially or of record by the person and (iv) any
other information relating to the person that would be required to be disclosed
in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with the
solicitation of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and the rules
and regulations promulgated thereunder; and (b) as to the stockholder giving the
notice (i) the name and record address of such stockholder, (ii) the class or
series and number of shares for capital stock of the corporation which are owned
beneficially or of record by such stockholder, (iii) a description of all
arrangements or understandings between such stockholder and each proposed
nominee and any other person or persons (including their names) pursuant to
which the nomination(s) are to be made by such stockholder, (iv) a
representation that such stockholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at
the meeting to nominate the persons named in its notice and (v) any other
information relating to such stockholder that would be required to be disclosed
in a proxy statement or other filing required
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to be made in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the election of
directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and
regulations promulgated thereunder. Such notice must be accompanied by a written
consent of each proposed nominee to be named as a nominee and to serve a
director if elected.
No person shall be eligible for election as a director of the
corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this
Section 7. If the chairman of the meeting determines that a nomination was not
made in accordance with the foregoing procedures, the chairman shall declare to
the meeting that the nomination was defective and such defective nomination
shall be disregarded.
(f) Advance Notice of Proposed Business at Annual Meeting. No
business may be transacted at an annual meeting of stockholders, other than
business that is either (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any
supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors (or
any duly authorized committee thereof), (b) otherwise properly brought before
the annual meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors (or any duly
authorized committee thereof), or (c) otherwise properly brought before the
annual meeting by any stockholder of the corporation (i) who is a stockholder of
record on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this Section 7
and on the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to vote at
such annual meeting and (ii) who complies with the notice procedures set forth
in this Section 7.
In addition to any other applicable requirements, for business to be
properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, such stockholder
must have given timely notice thereof in proper written form to the secretary of
the corporation.
To be timely, a stockholder's notice to the Secretary must be delivered
to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the corporation
not less than sixty (60) days nor more than ninety (90) days prior to the
anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders;
provided, however, that in the event that the annual meeting is called for a
date that is not within thirty-one (31) days before or after such anniversary
date, notice by the stockholder in order to be timely must be so received not
later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on
which such notice of the date of the annual meeting was mailed or such public
disclosure of the date of the annual meeting was made, whichever first occurs.
To be in proper written form, a stockholder's notice to the secretary
must set forth as to each matter such stockholder proposes to bring before the
annual meeting (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought
before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the
annual meeting, (ii) the names and record address of such stockholder, (iii) the
class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the corporation which
are owned beneficially or of record by such stockholder, (iv) a description of
all arrangements or understandings between such stockholder and any other person
or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such
business by such stockholder and any material interest of such stockholder in
such business and (v) a representation that such
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stockholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the annual meeting to
bring valid business before the meeting.
No business shall be conducted at the annual meeting of stockholders
except business brought before the annual meeting in accordance with the
procedures set forth in this Section 7; provided, however, that, once business
had been properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with such
procedures, nothing in this Section 7 shall be deemed to preclude discussion by
any stockholder of any such business. If the chairman of an annual meeting
determines that business was not properly brought before the annual meeting in
accordance with the foregoing, the chairman shall declare to the meeting that
the business was not properly brought before the meeting and such business shall
not be transacted.
(g) Business at Special Meetings. No business may be transacted at
a special meeting of stockholders, other than business that is specified in the
notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of
the Board of Directors (or any duly authorized committee thereof).
(h) Stockholder List. The officer who has charge of the stock
ledger of the corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every
meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders, arranged in
alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number
of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to
examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during
ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the
meeting, either at a place within the city or other municipality or community
where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of
the meeting, or if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be
held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the
meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder
who is present. The stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are the
stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger, the list required by this
section or the books of the corporation, or to vote at any meeting of
stockholders.
(i) Conduct of Meeting. Meetings of the stockholders shall be
presided over by one of the following officers in the order of seniority and if
present and acting - the Chairman of the Board, if any, the Vice Chairman of the
Board, if any, the President, a Vice President, or, if none of the foregoing is
in office and present and acting, by a chairman to be chosen by the
stockholders. The Secretary of the corporation, or in his absence, an Assistant
Secretary, shall act as secretary of every meeting, but if neither the Secretary
nor an Assistant Secretary is present the chairman of the meeting shall appoint
a secretary of the meeting.
(j) Proxy Representation. Every stockholder may authorize another
person or persons to act for him by proxy in all matters in which a stockholder
is entitled to participate, whether by waiving notice of any meeting, voting or
participating at a meeting, or expressing consent or dissent without a meeting.
Every proxy must be signed by the stockholder or by his attorney-in-fact, No
proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date unless such
proxy provides for a longer period. A duly executed proxy shall be irrevocable
if it states that it is irrevocable and, if, and only as long as, it is coupled
with an interest sufficient
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in law to support an irrevocable power. A proxy may be made irrevocable
regardless of whether the interest with which it is coupled with an interest in
the stock itself or an interest in the corporation generally.
(k) Inspectors. The Board of Directors, in advance of any meeting,
may, but need not, appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the
meeting or any adjournment thereof. If an inspector or inspectors are not
appointed, the person presiding at the meeting may, but need not, appoint one or
more inspectors. In case any person who may be appointed as an inspector fails
to appear or act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the Board of
Directors in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the person presiding
thereat. Each inspector, if any, before entering upon the discharge of his
duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of
inspector at such meeting with strict impartiality and according to the best of
his ability. The inspectors, if any, shall determine the number of shares of
stock outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares of stock represented
at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, the validity and effect of proxies,
and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges
and questions arising in connection with the right to vote count and tabulate
all votes, ballots or consents, determine the result, and do such acts as are
proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders. On
request of the person presiding at the meeting, the inspector or inspectors, if
any, shall make a report in writing of any challenger question or matter
determined by him or them and execute a certificate of any fact found by him or
them.
(l) Quorum. The holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of
stock shall constitute a quorum at a meeting of stockholders for the transaction
of any business. The stockholders present may adjourn the meeting despite the
absence of a quorum.
(m) Voting. Except as otherwise provided in the corporation's
Articles of Incorporation, each share of common stock shall entitle the holder
thereof to one (1) vote. In the election of directors, a plurality of the votes
cast at the meeting, or by written consent, shall elect such director subject to
any rights of outstanding preferred stock. Any other action shall be authorized
by a majority of the votes cast except where the Florida Business Corporation
Law prescribes a different percentage of votes and/or a different exercise of
voting power, and except as may be otherwise prescribed by the provisions of the
Articles of Incorporation and these By-Laws.
ARTICLE II
DIRECTORS
1. FUNCTIONS AND DEFINITION. The business and affairs of the
corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors
of the corporation. The Board of Directors shall have the authority to fix the
compensation of the members thereof. The use of the phrase "whole board" herein
refers to the total number of directors which the corporation would have if
there were no vacancies.
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2. QUALIFICATIONS AND NUMBER. A director need not be a stockholder, a
citizen of the United States, or a resident of the State of Florida. The initial
Board of Directors shall consist of at least one person. Thereafter, the number
of directors constituting the whole board shall be at least one. Subject to the
foregoing limitation and except for the first Board of Directors, such number
may be fixed from time to time by action of the stockholders or of the
directors, or, if the number is not fixed, the number shall be three. The number
of directors may be increased or decreased by action of the stockholders or of
the directors not to exceed the maximum number specified in the Articles of
Incorporation.
3. ELECTION AND TERM. The first Board of Directors, unless the members
thereof shall have been named in the articles of incorporation, shall be elected
by the incorporator or incorporators and shall hold office until the first
annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors are elected and
qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal. Any director may resign
at any time upon written notice to the corporation. Thereafter, directors who
are elected at an annual meeting of stockholders, and directors who are elected
in the interim to fill vacancies and newly created directorships, shall hold
office until the term of the position expires as provided in the Articles of
Incorporation and until their successors are elected and qualified or until
their earlier resignation or removal. In the interim between annual meetings of
stockholders or of special meetings of stockholders called for the election of
directors and/or for the removal of one or more directors and for the filling of
any vacancy in that connection, newly created directorships and any vacancies in
the Board of Directors, including unfilled vacancies resulting from the removal
of directors for cause or without cause, may be filled by the vote of a majority
of the remaining directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by
the sole remaining director.
4. MEETINGS.
(a) Time. Meetings shall be held at such times as the Board shall
fix, except that the first meeting of a newly elected Board shall be held as
soon after its election as the directors may conveniently assemble.
(b) Place. Meetings shall be held st such place within or without
the State of Florida as shall be fixed by the Board.
(c) Call. No call shall be required for regular meetings for which
the time and place have been fixed. Special meetings may be called by or at the
direction of the Chairman of the Board, if any, the Vice-Chairman of the Board,
if any, of the President, or of a majority of the directors in office.
(d) Notice or Actual or Constructive Waiver. No notice shall be
required for regular meetings for which the time and place have been fixed
written, oral, or any other mode of notice of the time and place shall be given
for special meetings in sufficient time for the convenient assembly of the
directors thereat. Notice need not be given to any director or to any member of
a committee of directors who submits a written waiver of notice signed by him
before or after the time stated therein. Attendance of any such person at a
meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when he
attends a meeting for the express
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purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any
business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the
business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting
of the directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice.
(e) Quorum and Action. A majority of the whole Board shall
constitute a quorum except when a vacancy or vacancies prevents such majority,
whereupon a majority of the directors in office shall constitute a quorum,
provided, that such majority shall constitute at least one-third of the whole
Board. A majority of the directors present, whether or not a quorum is present,
may adjourn a meeting to another time and place. Except as herein otherwise
provided, and except as otherwise provided by the Florida Business Corporation
Law, the vote of the majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a
quorum is present shall be the act of the Board. The quorum and voting
provisions herein stated shall not be construed as conflicting with any
provisions of the Florida Business Corporation Law and these By-Laws which
govern a meeting of directors held to fill vacancies and newly created
directorships in the Board or action of disinterested directors.
Any member or members of the Board of Directors or of any committee
designated by the Board, may participate in a meeting of the Board, or any such
committee, as the case may be, by means of telephone conference or similar
communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the
meeting can hear each other.
(f) Chairman of the Meeting. The Chairman of the Board, if any and
if present and acting, shall preside at all meetings. Otherwise, the
Vice-Chairman of the Board, if any and if present and acting, or the President,
if present and acting, or any other director chosen by the Board, shall preside.
5. REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS. Except as may otherwise be provided by the
Florida Business Corporation Law, any director or the entire Board of Directors
may be removed only with cause, by the holders of a majority of the shares then
entitled to vote at an election of directors.
6. COMMITTEES. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a
majority of the whole Board, designate one or more committees, each committee to
consist of one or more of the directors of the corporation. The Board may
designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may
replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee, In
the absence or disqualification of any member of any such committee or
committees, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not
disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may
unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the
meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such
committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board, shall have and
may exercise the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the
management of the business and affairs of the corporation with the exception of
any authority the delegation of which is prohibited by the Florida Business
Corporation Law, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to
all papers which may require it.
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7. WRITTEN ACTION. Any action required or permitted to be taken at, any
meeting of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may be taken without
a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent
thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of
proceedings of the Board or committee.
ARTICLE III
OFFICERS
The officers of the corporation shall consist of a President, a
Secretary, a Treasurer, and, if deemed necessary, expedient, or desirable by the
Board of Directors, a Chairman of the Board, a Vice-Chairman of the Board, an
Executive Vice-President, one or more other Vice-Presidents, one or more
Assistant Secretaries, one or more Assistant Treasurers, and such other officers
with such titles as the resolution of the Board of Directors choosing them shall
designate. Except as may otherwise be provided in the resolution of the Board of
Directors choosing him, no officer other than the Chairman or Vice-Chairman of
the Board, if any, need be a director, Any number of offices may be held by the
same person, as the directors may determine.
Unless otherwise provided in the resolution choosing him, each officer
shall be chosen for a term which shall continue until the meeting of the Board
of Directors following the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his
successor shall have, been chosen and qualified.
All officers of the corporation shall have such authority and perform
such duties in the management and operation of the corporation as shall be
prescribed in the resolutions of the Board of Directors designating and choosing
such officers and prescribing their authority and duties, and shall have such
additional authority and duties as are incident to their office, except to the
extent that such resolutions may be inconsistent therewith. The Secretary or an
Assistant Secretary of the corporation shall record all of the proceedings of
all meetings and actions in writing of stockholders, directors, and committees
of directors, and shall exercise such additional authority and perform such
additional duties as the Board shall assign to him. Any officer may be removed,
with or without cause, by the Board of Directors. Any vacancy in any office may
be filled by the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE IV
INDEMNIFICATION
1. POWER TO INDEMNITY IN ACTIONS, SUITS, OR PROCEEDINGS OTHER THAN
THOSE BY OR IN THE RIGHT OF THE CORPORATION. Subject to Section 3 of this
Article IV and without limiting the rights of the directors and officers of the
corporation under any provision of the Articles of Incorporation, the
corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to
be made a party to any threatened, pending or
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completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative
or investigative (other than an action by or in the right of the corporation)
by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer of the
corporation, or is or was a director or officer of the corporation serving at
the request of the corporation as a director or officer, employee or agent of
another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan
or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments,
fines and amounts paid in. settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him
in connection with such action, suit or proceeding if he acted in good faith
and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best
interests of the corporation, and, with respect to any criminal action or
proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. This
termination of any action, suit or proceeding by judgment, order, settlement,
conviction or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of
itself, create a presumption that the person did not act in good faith and in a
manner which he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best
interests of the corporation, and with respect to any criminal action or
proceeding had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
2. POWER TO INDEMNIFY INACTIONS, SUITS OR PROCEEDINGS BY OR IN THE
RIGHT OF THE CORPORATION. Subject to Section 3 of this Article IV and without
limiting the rights of the directors and officers of the corporation under any
provision of the Articles of Incorporation, the corporation shall indemnify any
person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any
threatened, pending or completed action or suit by or in the right of the
corporation to procure a judgment in its favor by reason of the fact that he is
or was a director or officer of the corporation, or is or was a director or
officer of the corporation serving at the request of the corporation as a
director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint
venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise against expenses
(including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably incurred by him in
connection with the defense or settlement of such action or suit if he acted in
good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the
best interests of the corporation, except that no indemnification shall be made
in respect of any claim, issue or matter as to which such person shall have been
adjudged to be liable to the corporation, unless and only to the extent that a
court of competent jurisdiction or the court in which such action or suit was
brought shall determine upon application that, despite the adjudication of
liability, but in view of all the circumstances of the case, such person is
fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnify for such expenses which such other
court shall deem proper.
3. AUTHORIZATION OF INDEMNIFICATION. Any indemnification under this
Article IV (unless ordered by a court) shall be made by the corporation (subject
to any other requirement by contract or otherwise) only as authorized in the
specific case upon a determination that indemnification of the director or
officer is proper in the circumstances because he has met the applicable
standard of conduct set forth in Section 1 or section 2 of this Article IV, as
the case may be. Such determination shall be made (i) by the Board of Directors
by a majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to
such action, suit or proceeding, or (ii) if such a quorum is not obtainable, or
even if obtainable a quorum of disinterested directors so directs, by
independent legal counsel in a written opinion, or (iii) by the stockholders. To
the extent, however, that a director or officer of the corporation has been
successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any action, suit or
proceeding described
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above, or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein, he shall be
indemnified against expenses (including attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably
incurred by him in connection therewith, without the necessity of authorization
in the specific case.
4. GOOD FAITH DEFINED. For purposes of any determination under Section
3 of this Article IV, a person shall be deemed to have acted in good faith and
in a manner he reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests
of the corporation, or, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, to
have had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful, if his action
is based on the records or books of account of the corporation or another
enterprise, or on information supplied to him by the officers of the corporation
or another enterprise in the courts of their duties, or on the advice of legal
counsel for the corporation or another enterprise or on information or records
given or reports made to the corporation or another enterprise by an independent
certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with
reasonable care by the corporation or any partnership, joint venture, trust,
employee benefit plan or other enterprise of which such person is or was serving
at the request of the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent. The
provisions of this Section 4 shall not be deemed to be exclusive or to limit in
any way the circumstances in which a person may be deemed to have met the
applicable standard of conduct set forth in Sections 1 or 2 of this Article IV,
as the case may be.
5. INDEMNIFICATION BY A COURT. Notwithstanding any contrary
determination in the specific case under Section 3 of this Article IV and the
absence of any defemination thereunder, and without limiting the rights of the
directors and officers of the corporation under any provision of the Articles of
Incorporation, any director or officer may apply to any court of competent
jurisdiction in the State of Florida for indemnification to the extent otherwise
permissible under Sections 1 and 2 of this Article IV. The basis of such
indemnification by a court shall be a determination by such court that
indemnification of the director or officer is proper in the circumstances
because he has not met the applicable standards of conduct sat forth in Section
1 or 2 of this Article IV, as the case may be. Neither a contrary determination
in the specific case under Section 3 of this Article IV, nor the absence of any
determination thereunder shall be a defense to such application or create a
presumption that the director or officer seeking indemnification has not met any
applicable standard of conduct. Notice of any application for indemnification
pursuant to this Section 5 shall be given to the corporation promptly upon the
filing of such application. If successful, in whole or in part, the director or
officer seeking indemnification shall also be entitled to be paid the expense of
prosecuting such application.
6. EXPENSES PAYABLE IN ADVANCE. Expenses incurred by a director or
officer in defending or in investigating a threatened or pending action, suit or
proceeding shall be paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition
of such action, suit or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on
behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately
be determined that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the corporation as
authorized in this Article IV.
7. NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF INDEMNIFICATION AND ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES. The
indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by or granted
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pursuant to this Article IV shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to
which those seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled
under the Articles of Incorporation or any By-Law, agreement, contract, vote of
stockholders or disinterested directors or pursuant to the direction (howsoever
embodied) of any court of competent jurisdiction or otherwise, both as to action
in his official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such
office, it being the policy of the corporation that indemnification of the
persons specified in Section 1 and 2 of this Article IV shall be made to the
fullest extent permitted by law. The provisions of this Article IV shall not be
deemed to preclude the indemnification of any person who is not specified in
Sections 1 and 2 of this Article IV, but whom the corporation has the power or
obligation to indemnify under the provisions of the Florida Business Corporation
Law, or otherwise.
8. INSURANCE. The corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on
behalf of any person who is or was a director or officer of the corporation, or
is or was a director and officer of the corporation serving at the request of
the corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another
corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other
enterprise against any liability asserted against him and incurred by him in any
such capacity, or arising out of his status as such, whether or not the
corporation would have the power or the obligation to indemnify him against such
liability under the provisions of this Article IV.
9. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS. For purposes of this Article IV, reference to
"the corporation", shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any
constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in
a consolidation or merger, which, if its separate existence had continued, would
have had power and authority to indemnify its directors or officers, so that any
person who is or was a director or officer of such constituent corporation, or
is or was a director or officer of such constituent corporation serving at the
request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or
agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employees
benefit plan or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the
provisions of this Article IV with respect to the resulting or surviving
corporation as he would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its
separate existence had continued. For purposes of this Article IV, reference to
fines shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an
employee benefit plan; and references to "serving at the request of the
corporation" shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent
of the corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by such
director or officer with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants
or beneficiaries, and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner he
reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries
of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner not
opposed to the best interests of the corporations as referred to in this Article
IV.
10. SURVIVAL OF INDEMNIFICATION AND ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES. The
indemnification and advancement of expanses provided by, or granted pursuant to,
this Article IV shall, unless otherwise provided when authorized or ratified,
continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall
inure to the benefit of the heirs, executers and administrators of such a
person.
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11. LIMITATION ON INDEMNIFICATION. Notwithstanding anything contained
in this Article IV to the contrary and without limiting the rights of the
directors and officers of the corporation under any provisions of the Articles
of Incorporation of the corporation, except for proceedings to enforce rights to
indemnification (which shall be governed by Section 5 hereof), the corporation
shall not be obligated to indemnify any director or officer in connection with a
proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless such proceeding (or
part thereof) was authorized or consented to by the Board of Directors of the
corporation.
12. INDEMNIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS. The corporation may, to
the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, provide
rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to employees and
agents of the corporation similar to those conferred in this Article IV to
directors and officers of the corporation.
13. REPEAL OR MODIFICATION. All rights to indemnification and to
advancement of expenses under this Article IV shall be deemed to be a contract
between the corporation and each director and officer who serve or has served in
any such capacity, and each other person as to whom the corporation has agreed
to grant indemnity at any time while the Article is in effect. Any repeal or
modification of this Article IV or any other applicable law shall not in any way
diminish any right to indemnification or to advancement of expenses of such
director, officer or other person as to whom the corporation has agreed to grant
indemnity or the obligations of the corporation, arising hereunder for claims
relating to matters occurring prior to such repeal or modification.
14. SEVERABILITY. If this Article IV or any portion hereof shall be
invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the
corporation shall nevertheless indemnify each director and officer, and each
employee, agent and other person an to whom the corporation has agreed to grant
indemnity to the full extent permitted by any applicable portion of this Article
IV that shall not have been invalidated and to the full extent permitted by
applicable law.
ARTICLE V
CORPORATE SEAL
The corporate seal shall be in such form as the Board of Directors
shall prescribe.
ARTICLE VI
FISCAL YEAR
The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed, and shall be subject
to change, by the Board of Directors.
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ARTICLE VII
CONTROL OVER BY-LAWS
Subject to the provisions of the Articles of Incorporation and the
provisions of the Florida Business Corporation Law, the power to amend, alter or
repeal these By-Laws and to adopt new By-Laws may be exercised by the Board of
Directors.
I HEREBY CERTIFY that the foregoing is a full, true and correct copy of
the By-Laws of RENEX CORP., a Florida corporation, as in effect on the date
hereof.
WITNESS my hand and the seal of the corporation.
Date: July 9, 1993 /s/ MARK D. WALLACE
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Secretary
[SEAL]
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