LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 
                             RAYOVAC CORPORATION 
                          Offer for all Outstanding 
                  10-1/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 
                               in exchange for 
             10-1/4% Series B Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 
                     Pursuant to the Prospectus, dated [] 

- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
       THE EXCHANGE OFFER WILL EXPIRE AT 5:00 P.M., NEW YORK CITY TIME, 
                         ON [], 1997 UNLESS EXTENDED 
              (THE "EXPIRATION DATE"). TENDERS MAY BE WITHDRAWN 
       PRIOR TO 5:00 P.M., NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON THE EXPIRATION DATE. 
- - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------


                                 Delivery to: 
                     Marine Midland Bank, Exchange Agent 
                             By Mail or by Hand: 
                             Marine Midland Bank 
                          Corporate Trust Operations 
                             140 Broadway-A Level 
                        New York, New York 10005-1180 
                                By Facsimile: 
                                (212) 658-2292 
                       Confirm Facsimile by Telephone: 
                                (212) 658-5931 

   Delivery of these instructions to an address other than as set forth 
above, or transmission of instructions via facsimile other than as set forth 
above, will not constitute a valid delivery. 

   The undersigned acknowledges that he or she has received and reviewed the 
Prospectus dated [       ], 1997 (the "Prospectus") of Rayovac Corporation, a 
Wisconsin corporation (the "Company"), and this Letter of Transmittal (the 
"Letter"), which together constitute the Company's offer (the "Exchange 
Offer") to exchange an aggregate principal amount of up to $100,000,000 of 
10-1/4% Series B Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of the Company (the "New 
Notes") for a like principal amount of the issued and outstanding 10-1/4% 
Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of the Company (the "Old Notes") from the 
holders thereof. 

   The New Notes will bear interest from the most recent date to which 
interest has been paid on the Old Notes or, if no interest has been paid on 
the Old Notes, from October 22, 1996. Accordingly, if the relevant record 
date for interest payment occurs after the consummation of the Exchange 
Offer, registered holders of New Notes on such record date will receive 
interest accruing from the most recent date to which interest has been paid 
or, if no interest has been paid, from October 22, 1996. If, however, the 
relevant record date for interest payment occurs prior to the consummation of 
the Exchange Offer, registered holders of Old Notes on such record date will 
receive interest accruing from the most recent date to which interest has 
been paid or, if no interest has been paid, from October 22, 1996. Old Notes 
accepted for exchange will cease to accrue interest from and after the date 
of consummation of the Exchange Offer, except as set forth in the immediately 
preceding sentence. Holders of Old Notes whose Old Notes are accepted for 
exchange will not receive any payment in respect of interest on such Old 
Notes otherwise payable on any interest payment date the record date for 
which occurs on or after consummation of the Exchange Offer. The Company 
reserves the right, at any time or from time to time, to extend the Exchange 
Offer at its discretion, in which event the term "Expiration Date" shall mean 
the latest time and date to which the Exchange Offer is extended. The Company 
shall notify the holders of the Old Notes of any extension by means of a 
press release or other public announcement no later than 9:00 A.M., New York 
City time, on the next business day after the previously scheduled Expiration 
Date. 

   This Letter is to be completed by a holder of Old Notes either if 
certificates are to be forwarded herewith or if a tender of certificates for 
Old Notes, if available, is to be made by book-entry transfer to the account 
maintained by the Exchange Agent at The Depository Trust Company (the 
"Book-Entry Transfer Facility") pursuant to the procedures set forth in the 
Prospectus under "The Exchange Offer--Book-Entry Transfer." Holders of Old 
Notes whose certificates are not immediately available, or who are unable to 
deliver their certificates or confirmation of the book-entry tender of their 
Old Notes into the Exchange Agent's account to the Book-Entry Transfer 
Facility (a "Book-Entry Confirmation") and all other documents required by 
this Letter to the Exchange Agent on or prior to the Expiration date, must 
tender their Old Notes according to the guaranteed delivery procedures set 
forth in the Prospectus under "The Exchange Offer--Guaranteed Delivery 
Procedures." See Instruction 1. Delivery of documents to the Book-Entry 
Transfer Facility does not constitute delivery to the Exchange Agent. 

   The undersigned has completed the appropriate boxes below and signed this 
Letter to indicate the action the undersigned desires to take with respect to 
the Exchange Offer. 

   List below the Old Notes to which this Letter relates. If the space 
provided below is inadequate, the certificate numbers and principal amount of 
Old Notes should be listed on a separate signed schedule affixed hereto. 



- - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    DESCRIPTION OF OLD NOTES                1                     2                      3 
- - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                              Aggregate 
   Name(s) and Address(es) of                                 Principal              Principal 
      Registered Holder(s)             Certificate            Amount of               Amount 
   (Please fill in, if blank)          Number(s)*            Old Note(s)            Tendered**
- - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                           

                                       -------------------------------------------------------

                                       -------------------------------------------------------

                                       -------------------------------------------------------

                                          Total 
- - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *Need not be completed if Old Notes are being tendered by book-entry transfer. 
**Unless otherwise indicated in this column, a holder will be deemed to have tendered ALL of the 
  Old Notes represented by the Old Notes indicated in column 2. See Instruction 2. 


/ / CHECK HERE IF TENDERED OLD NOTES ARE BEING DELIVERED BY BOOK-ENTRY 
    TRANSFER MADE TO THE ACCOUNT MAINTAINED BY THE EXCHANGE AGENT WITH THE 
    BOOK-ENTRY TRANSFER FACILITY AND COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING: 
    Name of Tendering Institution  ____________________________________________

    Account Number _________________  Transaction Code Number _________________

 

/ / CHECK HERE IF TENDERED OLD NOTES ARE BEING DELIVERED PURSUANT TO A NOTICE 
    OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY PREVIOUSLY SENT TO THE EXCHANGE AGENT AND COMPLETE 
    THE FOLLOWING: 
    Name(s) of Registered Holder(s) __________________________________________

    Window Ticket Number (if any) ____________________________________________

    Date of Execution of Notice of Guaranteed Delivery _______________________

    Name of Institution which Guaranteed Delivery ____________________________

    If Delivered by Book-Entry Transfer, Complete the Following: 

    Account Number ____________     Transaction Code Number __________________

/ / CHECK HERE IF YOU ARE A BROKER-DEALER AND WISH TO RECEIVE 10 ADDITIONAL 
    COPIES OF THE PROSPECTUS AND 10 COPIES OF ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS 
    THERETO. 

    Name: ____________________________________________________________________

    Address: _________________________________________________________________

             PLEASE READ THE ACCOMPANYING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY 

Ladies and Gentlemen: 

   Upon the terms and subject to the conditions of the Exchange Offer, the 
undersigned hereby tenders to the Company the aggregate principal amount of 
Old Notes indicated above. Subject to, and effective upon, the acceptance for 
exchange of the Old Notes tendered hereby, the undersigned hereby sells, 
assigns and transfers to, or upon the order of, the Company all right, title 
and interest in and to such Old Notes as are being tendered hereby. 

   The undersigned hereby represents and warrants that the undersigned has 
full power and authority to tender, sell, assign and transfer the Old Notes 
tendered hereby and that the Company will acquire good and unencumbered title 
thereto, free and clear of all liens, restrictions, charges and encumbrances 
and not subject to any advance claim when the same are accepted by the 
Company. The undersigned hereby further represents that any New Notes 
acquired in exchange for Old Notes tendered hereby will have been acquired in 
the ordinary course of business of the person receiving such New Notes, 
whether or not such person is the undersigned, that neither the holder of 
such Old Notes nor any such other person has, or had at the commencement of 
the Exchange Offer, an arrangement or understanding with any person to 
participate in the distribution of such New Notes and that neither the holder 
of such Old Notes nor any such other person is an "affiliate" of the Company 
as defined in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 
"Securities Act"). 

   The undersigned also acknowledges that this Exchange Offer is being made 
in reliance on an interpretation by the staff of the Securities and Exchange 
Commission (the "SEC") that the New Notes issued in exchange for the Old 
Notes pursuant to the Exchange Offer may be offered for resale, resold and 
otherwise transferred by holders thereof (other than any such holder that is 
an "affiliate" of the Company within the meaning of Rule 405 under the 
Securities Act), without compliance with the registration and prospectus 
delivery provisions of the Securities Act, provided that such New Notes are 
acquired in the ordinary course of such holders' business and such holders 
have no arrangement with any person to participate in the distribution of 
such New Notes. If the undersigned is not a broker-dealer, the undersigned 
represents that it is not engaged in, and does not intend to engage in, a 
distribution of New Notes. If the undersigned is a broker-dealer that will 
receive New Notes, it represents that the Old Notes to be exchanged for New 
Notes were acquired for its own account as a result of market-making 
activities or other trading activities, and it acknowledges that it will 
deliver the Prospectus in connection with any resale of such New Notes; 
however, by so acknowledging and by delivering the Prospectus, the 
undersigned will not be deemed to admit that it is an "underwriter" within 
the meaning of the Securities Act. The Prospectus, as it may be amended or 
supplemented from time to time, may be used by a broker-dealer in connection 
with any resale of New Notes received in exchange for Old Notes where such 
Old Notes were acquired by such broker-dealer as a result of market-making 
activities or other trading activities. The Company has agreed that, for a 
period of 90 days after the date of the Prospectus, it will make the 
Prospectus available to any broker-dealer for use in connection with any such 
resale. 

   The undersigned will, upon request, execute and deliver any additional 
documents deemed by the Company to be necessary or desirable to complete the 
sale, assignment and transfer of the Old Notes tendered hereby. All authority 
conferred or agreed to be conferred in this Letter and every obligation of 
the undersigned hereunder shall be binding upon the successors, assigns, 
heirs, executors, administrators, trustees in bankruptcy and legal 
representatives of the undersigned and shall not be affected by, and shall 
survive, the death or incapacity of the undersigned. This tender may be 
withdrawn only in accordance with the procedures set forth in "The Exchange 
Offer--Withdrawal Rights" section of the Prospectus. 

   Unless otherwise indicated herein in the box entitled "Special Issuance 
Instructions" below, please deliver the New Notes (and, if applicable, 
substitute certificates representing Old Notes for any Old Notes not 
exchanged) in the name of the undersigned or, in the case of a book-entry 
delivery of Old Notes, please credit the account indicated above maintained 
at the Book-Entry Transfer Facility. Similarly, unless otherwise indicated 
under the box entitled "Special Delivery Instructions" below, please send the 
New Notes (and, if applicable, substitute certificates representing Old Notes 
for any Old Notes not exchanged) to the undersigned at the address shown 
above in the box entitled "Description of Old Notes." 

 

     THE UNDERSIGNED, BY COMPLETING THE BOX ENTITLED "DESCRIPTION OF OLD NOTES"
ABOVE AND SIGNING THIS LETTER, WILL BE DEEMED TO HAVE TENDERED THE OLD NOTES AS
SET FORTH IN SUCH BOX ABOVE.

[box on left]
                        SPECIAL ISSUANCE INSTRUCTIONS 
                          (See Instructions 3 and 4) 
  To be completed ONLY if certificates for Old Notes not exchanged and/or New 
Notes are to be issued in the name of and sent to someone other than the 
person or persons whose signature(s) appear(s) on this Letter above, or if 
Old Notes delivered by book-entry transfer which are not accepted for 
exchange are to be returned by credit to an account maintained at the 
Book-Entry Transfer Facility other than the account indicated above. 
Issue: New Notes and/or Old Notes to: 

Name(s): __________________________________________________________________
                            (Please Type or Print) 

___________________________________________________________________________
                            (Please Type or Print) 

Address: __________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________
                                   (Zip Code)

                        (Complete Substitute Form W-9) 
/ /  Credit unexchanged Old Notes delivered by book-entry transfer to the 
     Book-Entry Transfer Facility account set forth below. 

____________________________________________________________________________
                        (Book-Entry Transfer Facility 
                        Account Number, if applicable) 

[end left box]

[box on right]

                        SPECIAL DELIVERY INSTRUCTIONS 
                          (See Instructions 3 and 4) 
  To be completed ONLY if certificates for Old Notes not exchanged and/or New 
Notes are to be sent to someone other than the person or persons whose 
signature(s) appear(s) on this Letter above or to such person or persons at 
an address other than shown in the box entitled "Description of Old Notes" on 
this Letter above. 

Mail: New Notes and/or Old Notes to: 

Name(s): ____________________________________________________________________
                             (Please Type or Print)

_____________________________________________________________________________
                            (Please Type or Print) 

Address: ____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________
                                   (Zip Code)

[end right box]

IMPORTANT: THIS LETTER OR A FACSIMILE HEREOF (TOGETHER WITH THE CERTIFICATES 
FOR OLD NOTES OR A BOOK-ENTRY CONFIRMATION AND ALL OTHER REQUIRED DOCUMENTS 
OR THE NOTICE OF GUARANTEED DELIVERY) MUST BE RECEIVED BY THE EXCHANGE AGENT 
PRIOR TO 5:00 P.M., NEW YORK CITY TIME, ON THE EXPIRATION DATE. 

                PLEASE READ THIS ENTIRE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL 
                  CAREFULLY BEFORE COMPLETING ANY BOX ABOVE. 

[start box]
                               PLEASE SIGN HERE 
                  (TO BE COMPLETED BY ALL TENDERING HOLDERS) 
                   (Complete Accompanying Substitute Form W-9)

Date: ________________________________________  _______________________, 1997 

   x  ________________________________________  _______________________, 1997 

   x  ________________________________________  _______________________, 1997 
             Signature(s) of Owner                  Date 

 Area Code and Telephone Number ____________________________________

  If a holder is tendering any Old Notes, this Letter must be signed by the 
registered holder(s) as the name(s) appear(s) on the certificate(s) for the 
Old Notes or by any person(s) authorized to become registered holder(s) by 
endorsements and documents transmitted herewith. If signature is by a 
trustee, executor, administrator, guardian, officer or other person acting in 
a fiduciary or representative capacity, please set forth full title. See 
Instruction 3. 

Name(s): ____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________
                            (Please Type or Print) 

Capacity: ___________________________________________________________________

Address: ____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________
                             (Including Zip Code) 

                             SIGNATURE GUARANTEE 
                        (If required by Instruction 3) 

Signature(s) Guaranteed by 
an Eligible Institution: ___________________________________________________
                                        (Authorized Signature) 

____________________________________________________________________________
                                   (Title) 

____________________________________________________________________________
                                  (Name and Firm) 

Dated: ___________________________________________________________, 1997 


 

                                 INSTRUCTIONS 

    Forming Part of the Terms and Conditions of the Exchange Offer for all 
Outstanding 10-1/4% Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of Rayovac Corporation 
    in Exchange for 10-1/4% Series B Senior Subordinated Notes Due 2006 of 
                             Rayovac Corporation 

1. Delivery of this Letter and Notice, Guaranteed Delivery Procedures. 

   This Letter is to be completed by noteholders either if certificates are 
to be forwarded herewith or if tenders are to be made pursuant to the 
procedures for delivery by book-entry transfer set forth in the Prospectus 
under "The Exchange Offer--Book-Entry Transfer." Certificates for all 
physically tendered Old Notes, or Book-Entry Confirmation, as the case may 
be, as well as a properly completed and duly executed Letter (or manually 
signed facsimile hereof) and any other documents required by this Letter, 
must be received by the Exchange Agent at the address set forth herein on or 
prior to the Expiration Date, or the tendering holder must comply with the 
guaranteed delivery procedures set forth below. 

   Holders whose certificates for Old Notes are not immediately available or 
who cannot deliver their certificates and all other required documents to the 
Exchange Agent on or prior to the Expiration Date, or who cannot complete the 
procedure for book-entry transfer on a timely basis, may tender their Old 
Notes pursuant to the guaranteed delivery procedures set forth in the 
Prospectus under "The Exchange Offer--Guaranteed Delivery Procedures." 
Pursuant to such procedures, (i) such tender must be made through an Eligible 
Institution, (ii) prior to the Expiration Date, the Exchange Agent must 
receive from such Eligible Institution a properly completed and duly executed 
Letter (or a facsimile thereof) and Notice of Guaranteed Delivery, 
substantially in the form provided by the Company (by telegram, telex, 
facsimile transmission, mail or hand delivery), setting forth the name and 
address of the holder of Old Notes and the amount of Old Notes tendered, 
stating that the tender is being made thereby and guaranteeing that within 
five New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") trading days after the date of 
execution of the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery, the certificates for all 
physically tendered Old Notes, or a Book-Entry Confirmation, and any other 
documents required by this Letter will be deposited by the Eligible 
Institution with the Exchange Agent and (iii) the certificates for all 
physically tendered Old Notes, in proper form for transfer, or Book-Entry 
Confirmation, as the case may be, and all other documents required by this 
Letter, are received by the Exchange Agent within five NYSE trading days 
after the date of execution of the Notice of Guaranteed Delivery. 

   The method of delivery of this Letter, the Old Notes and all other 
required documents is at the election and risk of the tendering holders, but 
the delivery will be deemed made only when actually received or confirmed by 
the Exchange Agent. If Old Notes are sent by mail, it is suggested that the 
mailing, return receipt requested, be made sufficiently in advance of the 
Expiration Date to permit delivery to the Exchange Agent prior to 5:00 p.m., 
New York City time, on the Expiration Date. 

   See the Prospectus under "The Exchange Offer." 

2. Partial Tenders (not applicable to holders who tender by book-entry 
transfer). 

   If less than all of the Old Notes evidenced by a submitted certificate are 
to be tendered, the tendering holder(s) should fill in the aggregate 
principal amount of Old Notes to be tendered in the box above entitled 
"Description of Old Notes--Principal Amount Tendered." A reissued certificate 
representing the balance of nontendered Old Notes will be sent to such 
tendering holder, unless otherwise provided in the appropriate box on this 
Letter, promptly after the Expiration Date. ALL of the Old Notes delivered to 
the Exchange Agent will be deemed to have been tendered unless otherwise 
indicated. 

3. Signatures on this Letter; Bond Powers and Endorsements, Guarantee of 
Signatures. 

   If this Letter is signed by the registered holder of the Old Notes 
tendered hereby, the signature must correspond exactly with the name as 
written on the face of the certificates without any change whatsoever. 

   If any tendered Old Notes are owned of record by two or more joint owners, 
all such owners must sign this Letter. 

   If any tendered Old Notes are registered in different names on several 
certificates, it will be necessary to complete, sign and submit as many 
separate copies of this Letter as there are different registrations of 
certificates. 

   When this Letter is signed by the registered holder or holders of the Old 
Notes specified herein and tendered hereby, no endorsements of certificates 
or separate bond powers are required. If, however, New Notes are to be 
issued, or any untendered Old Notes are to be released, to a person other 
than the registered holder, then endorsements of any certificates transmitted 
hereby or separate bond powers are required. Signatures on such 
certificate(s) or bond powers must be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution. 

   If this Letter is signed by a person other than the registered holder or 
holders of any certificate(s) specified herein, such certificate(s) must be 
endorsed or accompanied by appropriate bond powers, in either case signed 
exactly as the name or names of the registered holder or holders appear(s) on 
the certificate(s), and signatures on such certificate(s) or bond powers must 
be guaranteed by an Eligible Institution. 

   If this Letter or any certificates or bond powers are signed by trustees, 
executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of 
corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such 
persons should so indicate when signing, and unless waived by the Company, 
proper evidence satisfactory to the Company of their authority to so act must 
be submitted. 

 

   Endorsements on certificates for Old Notes or signatures on bond powers 
required by this Instruction 3 must be guaranteed by a firm which is a member 
of a registered national securities exchange or a member of the National 
Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. or by a commercial bank or trust 
company having an office or correspondent in the United States (an "Eligible 
Institution"). 

   Signatures on this Letter need not be guaranteed by an Eligible 
Institution, provided the Old Notes are tendered: (i) by a registered holder 
of Old Notes (which term, for purposes of the Exchange Offer, includes any 
participant in the Book-Entry Transfer Facility system whose name appears on 
a security position listing as the holder of such Old Notes) tendered who has 
not completed the box entitled "Special Issuance Instructions" or "Special 
Delivery Instructions" on this Letter or (ii) for the account of an Eligible 
Institution. 

4. Special Issuance and Delivery Instructions. 

   Tendering holders of Old Notes should indicate in the applicable box the 
name and address to which New Notes issued pursuant to the Exchange Offer 
and/or substitute certificates evidencing Old Notes not exchanged are to be 
issued or sent, if different from the name or address of the person signing 
this Letter. In the case of issuance in a different name, the employer 
identification or social security number of the person named must also be 
indicated. Holders tendering Old Notes by book-entry transfer may request 
that Old Notes not exchanged be credited to such account maintained at the 
Book-Entry Transfer Facility as such holder may designate herein. If no such 
instructions are given, such Old Notes not exchanged will be returned to the 
name or address of the person signing this Letter. 

5. Transfer Taxes. 

   The Company will pay all transfer taxes, if any, applicable to the 
transfer of Old Notes to it or its order pursuant to the Exchange Offer. If 
however, New Notes and/or substitute Old Notes not exchanged are to be 
delivered to, or are to be registered or issued in the name of, any person 
other than the registered holder of the Old Notes tendered hereby, or if 
tendered Old Notes are registered in the name of any person other than the 
person signing this Letter, or if a transfer tax is imposed for any reason 
other than the transfer of Old Notes to the Company or its order pursuant to 
the Exchange Offer, the amount of any such transfer taxes (whether imposed on 
the registered holder or any other persons) will be payable by the tendering 
holder. If satisfactory evidence of payment of such taxes or exemption 
therefrom is not submitted herewith, the amount of such transfer taxes will 
be billed directly to such tendering holder. 

   Except as provided in this Instruction 5, it will not be necessary for 
transfer tax stamps to be affixed to the Old Notes specified in this Letter. 

6. Waiver of Conditions. 

   The Company reserves the absolute right to waive satisfaction of any or 
all conditions enumerated in the Prospectus. 

7. No Conditional Tenders. 

   No alternative, conditional, irregular or contingent tenders will be 
accepted. All tendering holders of Old Notes, by execution of this Letter, 
shall waive any right to receive notice of the acceptance of their Old Notes 
for exchange. 

   Neither the Company, the Exchange Agent nor any other person is obligated 
to give notice of any defect or irregularity with respect to any tender of 
Old Notes nor shall any of them incur any liability for failure to give any 
such notice. 

8. Mutilated, Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Old Notes. 

   Any holder whose Old Notes have been mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed 
should contact the Exchange Agent at the address indicated above for further 
instructions. 

9. Requests for Assistance or Additional Copies. 

   Questions relating to the procedure for tendering, as well as requests for 
additional copies of the Prospectus and this Letter, may be directed to the 
Exchange Agent at the address and telephone number indicated above. 



             GUIDELINES OF CERTIFICATE OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION 
                        NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 

Guidelines for Determining the Proper Identification Number to Give the 
Payer--Social Security numbers have nine digits separated by two hyphens: 
i.e. 000-00-0000. Employer identification numbers have nine digits separated 
by only one hyphen: i.e., 00- 0000000. The table below will help determine 
the number to give the payer. 



                                             Give the 
                                             SOCIAL SECURITY 
For this type of account:                    number of-- 
                                          
1.  An individual's account                  The individual 
2.  Two or more individuals (joint account)  The actual owner of the account or, if combined 
                                             funds, the first individual on the account(1) 
3.  Husband and wife (joint account)         The actual owner of the account or, if joint funds, 
                                             the first individual on the account(1) 
4.  Custodian account of a minor (Uniform 
    Gift to Minors Act)                       The minor(2) 
5.  Adult and minor (joint account)          The adult or, if the minor is the only contributor, 
                                             the minor(1) 
6.  Account in the name of guardian or 
    committee for a designated ward, minor, 
    or incompetent person                    The ward, minor, or incompetent person(3) 
7.  a. The usual revocable savings trust 
    account (grantor is also trustee)        The grantor-trustee(1) 
    b. So-called trust account that is not a 
    legal or valid trust under State law     The actual owner(1) 
8.  Sole proprietorship account              The owner(4) 




                                            Give the EMPLOYER 
                                            IDENTIFICATION 
For this type of account:                   number of-- 
                                         
9. A valid trust, estate, or pension trust  Legal entity(5) 
10. Corporate account                       The corporation 
11. Religious, charitable, or educational 
    organization account                    The organization 
12. Partnership account held in the name of 
    the business                            The partnership 
13. Association, club, or other tax-exempt 
    organization                            The organization 
14. A broker or registered nominee          The broker or nominee 
15. Account with the Department of 
    Agriculture in the name of a public 
    entity (such as a State or local 
    government, school district, or prison) 
    that receives agricultural program 
    payments                                The public entity 



(1)  List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish. 

(2)  Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number. 

(3)  Circle the ward's, minor's or incompetent person's name and furnish such
     person's social security number. 

(4)  Show your individual name. You may also enter your business name. You may 
     use your SSN or EIN. 

(5) List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension trust.
    (Do not furnish the identifying number of the personal representative or 
    trustee unless the legal entity itself is not designated in the account
    title.)


NOTE: If no name is circled when there is more than one name, the number will 
be considered to be that of the first name listed. 

 

           GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION 
                     NUMBER (TIN) ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9 
             SECTION REFERENCES ARE TO THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE 
                                    PAGE 2 
Name 

If you are an individual, you must generally provide the name shown on your 
social security card. However, if you have changed your last name, for 
instance, due to marriage, without informing the Social Security 
Administration of the name change, please enter your first name, the last 
name shown on your social security card, and your new last name. 

Obtaining a Number 

If you don't have a taxpayer identification number or you don't know your 
number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Number Card, or 
Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, at the local 
office of the Social Security Administration or the Internal Revenue Service 
and apply for a number. 

Payees Exempt from Backup Withholding 

Payees specifically exempted from backup withholding on ALL payments 
including the following: 
A corporation. 

o  A financial institution. 


o  An organization exempt from tax under section 501(a), or an individual 
   retirement plan, or a custodial account under section 403(b)(7). 

o  The United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof. 

o  A State, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or any 
   subdivision or instrumentality thereof. 

o  A foreign government, a political subdivision of a foreign government, or 
   agency or instrumentality thereof. 

o  An international organization or any agency, or instrumentality thereof. 

o  A registered dealer in securities or commodities registered in the U.S. or a 
   possession of the U.S. 

o  A real estate investment trust. 

o  A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a). 

o  A trust exempt under section 664, or a non-exempt trust described in section 
   4947(a)(1). 


An entity registered at all times under the Investment Company Act of 1940. 

o  A foreign central bank of issue. 

o  Payments of dividends and patronage dividends not generally subject to 
   backup withholding include the following: 

o  Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under Section 1441. 

o  Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the U.S. and 
   which have at least one nonresident partner. 

o  Payments of patronage dividends where the amount received is not paid in 
   money. 

o  Payments made by certain foreign organizations. 

o  Payments made to a nominee. 

o  Payments of interest not generally subject to backup withholding include the 
   following: 

o  Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals. 


Note: You may be subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or 
more and is paid in the course of the payor's trade or business and you have 
not provided your correct taxpayer identification number to the payor. 

o  Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt interest dividends under 
   section 852). 

o  Payment described in section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens. 

o  Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under section 1451. 

o  Payments made by certain foreign organizations. 

o  Mortgage interest paid by you. 

Exempt payees described above should file Form W-9 to avoid possible 
erroneous backup withholding. FILE THIS FORM WITH THE PAYER, FURNISH YOUR 
TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, WRITE "EXEMPT" ON THE FACE OF THE FORM, AND 
RETURN IT TO THE PAYER, IF THE PAYMENTS ARE INTEREST, DIVIDENDS, OR PATRONAGE 
DIVIDENDS. ALSO SIGN AND DATE THE FORM. 

   Certain payments other than interest, dividends, and patronage dividends 
that are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to backup 
withholding. For details, see sections 6041, 6041A(a), 6045, and 6050A and 
the regulations thereunder. 
Privacy Act Notice-- 

   Section 6109 requires most recipients of dividends, interest, or other 
payments to give taxpayer identification numbers to payers who must report 
the payments to the IRS. IRS uses the numbers for identification purposes. 
Payers must be given the numbers whether or not recipients are required to 
file tax returns. Payors must generally withhold 31% of taxable interest, 
dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not furnish a 
taxpayer identification number to a payer. Certain penalties may also apply. 
Penalties 


(1) Penalty for Failure to Furnish Taxpayer Identification Number--If you fail
to furnish your taxpayer identification number to a payor, you are subject to a
penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable
cause and not to willful neglect.

(2) Civil Penalty for False Information With Respect to Withholding--If you
make a false statement with no reasonable basis which results in no imposition
of backup withholding, you are subject to a $500 penalty.

(3) Criminal Penalty for Falsifying Information--Willfully falsifying
certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including
fines and/or imprisonment.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE
SERVICE.