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                                                             Exhibit 99(a)(1)(F)

            GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                         NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

     GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING THE PROPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER TO GIVE THE
PAYER.The taxpayer identification number for an individual is the individual's
Social Security number. Social Security numbers have nine digits separated by
two hyphens: e.g., 000-00-0000. The taxpayer identification number for an entity
is the entity's Employer Identification number. Employer Identification numbers
have nine digits separated by only one hyphen: e.g., 00-0000000. The table below
will help determine the number to give the payer.



- -------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                GIVE THE NAME AND
                                                 SOCIAL SECURITY
         FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT                 NUMBER OF --
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        
1.   Individual                               The individual

2.   Two or more individuals (joint           The actual owner of
     account)                                 the account or, if
                                              combined funds, the
                                              first individual on
                                              the account(1)

3.   Husband and wife (joint account)         The actual owner of
                                              the account or, if
                                              joint funds, either
                                              person(1)

4.   Custodian account of a minor (Uniform    The minor(2)
     Gift to Minors Act)

5.   Adult and minor (joint account)          The adult, or if the
                                              minor is the only
                                              contributor, the
                                              minor(1)

6.   Account in the name of guardian or       The ward, minor, or
     committee for a designated ward,         incompetent person
     minor, or incompetent person             (3)

7.   a. The usual revocable savings trust     The
        account (grantor is also trustee)     grantor-trustee(1)
     b. So-called trust account that is       The actual owner(1)
     not a legal or valid trust under
        State law




- -------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                GIVE THE NAME AND
                                                    EMPLOYER
                                                 IDENTIFICATION
         FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT                 NUMBER OF --
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
                                        

8.   Sole proprietorship                      The owner(4)

9.   A valid trust, estate or pension         The legal entity (Do
     trust                                    not furnish the
                                              identifying number of
                                              the personal
                                              representative or
                                              trustee unless the
                                              legal entity itself
                                              is not designated in
                                              the account
                                              title.)(5)

10.  Corporate                                The corporation

11.  Association, club, religious,            The organization
     charitable, educational or other
     tax-exempt organization

12.  Partnership                              The partnership

13.  A broker or registered nominee           The broker or nominee

14.  Account with the Department of           The public entity
     Agriculture in the name of a public
     entity (such as a state or local
     government, school district, or
     prison) that receives agriculture
     program payments


- ---------------------------------------------------------------
                                         ---------------------------------------

(1) List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish.
(2) Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number.
(3) Circle the ward's, minor's or incompetent person's name and furnish such
    person's social security number.
(4) Show the name of the owner.
(5) List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension trust.

NOTE: If no name is circled when there is more than one name, the number will be
      considered to be that of the first name listed.
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            GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
                         NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

                                     PAGE 2

Section references are to the Internal Revenue Code.

OBTAINING A NUMBER

If you do not have a taxpayer identification number or you don't know your
number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Number Card, or Form
SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, at the local office of the
Social Security Administration or the Internal Revenue Service (the "IRS") and
apply for a number.

To complete the Substitute Form W-9, if you do not have a taxpayer
identification number, write "Applied For" in the space for the taxpayer
identification number in Part 1, sign and date the Form, and give it to the
requester. If the requester does not receive your taxpayer identification number
within 60 days, backup withholding, if applicable, will begin and will continue
until you furnish your taxpayer identification number to the requester.

PAYEES EXEMPT FROM BACKUP WITHHOLDING

The following is a list of payees exempt from backup withholding and for which
no information reporting is required. For interest and dividends, all listed
payees are exempt except item (9). For broker transactions, payees listed in (1)
through (13) and a person registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940
who regularly acts as a broker are exempt. Payments subject to reporting under
sections 6041 and 6041A are generally exempt from backup withholding only if
made to payees described in items (1) through (7), except that a corporation
that provides medical and health care services or bills and collects payments
for such services is not exempt from backup withholding or information
reporting. Only payees described in items (2) through (6) are exempt from backup
withholding for barter exchange transactions, patronage dividends, and payments
by certain fishing boat operators.
      (1) A corporation.
      (2) An organization exempt from tax under section 501(a), or an individual
          retirement plan ("IRA"), or a custodial account under 403(b)(7), if
          the account satisfies the requirements of section 401(f)(2).
      (3) The United States or any of its agencies or instrumentalities.
      (4) A State, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States,
          or any of their political subdivisions or instrumentalities.
      (5) A foreign government or any of its political subdivisions, agencies or
          instrumentalities.
      (6) An international organization or any of its agencies or
          instrumentalities.
      (7) A foreign central bank of issue.
      (8) A dealer in securities or commodities required to register in the
          United States, the District of Columbia, or a possession of the United
          States.
      (9) A futures commission merchant registered with the Commodity Futures
          Trading Commission.
     (10) A real estate investment trust.
     (11) An entity registered at all times during the tax year under the
          Investment Company Act of 1940.
     (12) A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a).
     (13) A financial institution.
     (14) A middleman known in the investment community as a nominee or listed
          in the most recent publication of the American Society of Corporate
          Secretaries, Inc., Nominee List.
     (15) A trust exempt from tax under section 664 or described in section
          4947.

Payments of dividends and patronage dividends generally not subject to backup
withholding also include the following:
    - Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under section 1441.
    - Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the United
      States and that have at least one nonresident partner.
    - Payments of patronage dividends not paid in money.
    - Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
    - Payments made to a nominee.

Payments of interest generally not subject to backup withholding include the
following:
    - Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals.
      Note: You may be subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or
      more and is paid in the course of the payer's trade or business and you
      have not provided your correct taxpayer identification number to the
      payer.
    - Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt interest dividends under
      section 852).
    - Payments described in section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens.
    - Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under section 1451.
    - Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
    - Mortgage interest paid by you.

Payments that are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to
backup withholding. For details see sections 6041, 6041A(a), 6042, 6044, 6045,
6049, 6050A and 6050N, and the regulations under such sections.

Exempt payees described above should file Form W-9 to avoid possible erroneous
backup withholding. ENTER YOUR TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER. WRITE "EXEMPT" ON
THE FACE OF THE FORM, SIGN AND DATE THE FORM AND RETURN IT TO THE PAYER.

PRIVACY ACT NOTICE -- Section 6109 requires you to give your correct taxpayer
identification number to persons who must file information returns with the IRS
to report interest, dividends, and certain other income paid to you, mortgage
interest you paid, the acquisition or abandonment of secured property,
cancellation of debt, or contributions you made to an IRA. The IRS uses the
numbers for identification purposes and to help verify the accuracy of your tax
return. You must provide your taxpayer identification number whether or not you
are qualified to file a tax return. Payers must generally withhold 31% of
taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not
furnish a taxpayer identification number to a payer. Certain penalties may also
apply.

PENALTIES

(1) PENALTY FOR FAILURE TO FURNISH TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER -- If you fail
to furnish your taxpayer identification number to a payer, you are subject to a
penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable
cause and not to willful neglect.
(2) CIVIL PENALTY FOR FALSE INFORMATION WITH RESPECT TO WITHHOLDING -- If you
make a false statement with no reasonable basis that results in no backup
withholding, you are subject to a $500 penalty.
(3) CRIMINAL PENALTY FOR FALSIFYING INFORMATION -- Falsifying certifications or
affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including fines and/or
imprisonment.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE
SERVICE