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                                                                      Exhibit 25

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                       SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
                             WASHINGTON, D. C. 20549
                            -------------------------

                                    FORM T-1

                            STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY
                    UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939 OF
                   A CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE
                   -------------------------------------------
               CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE ELIGIBILITY OF
                A TRUSTEE PURSUANT TO SECTION 305(B)(2) ________
                    ----------------------------------------
               CHASE MANHATTAN TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
               (Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter)

                                                                   29-2933369
(State of incorporation                                      (I.R.S. employer
if not a national bank)                                    identification No.)

ONE OXFORD CENTER, SUITE 1100
301 GRANT STREET, PITTSBURGH, PA                                         15219
(Address of principal executive offices)                             (Zip Code)

                               WILLIAM H. MCDAVID
                            THE CHASE MANHATTAN BANK
                                 GENERAL COUNSEL
                                 270 PARK AVENUE
                            NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10017
                               TEL: (212) 270-2611
            (Name, address and telephone number of agent for service)
                  --------------------------------------------
                         PIONEER HI-BRED NATIONAL, INC.
               (Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter)


IOWA                                                                42-0470520
(State or other jurisdiction of                               (I.R.S. employer
incorporation or organization)                             identification No.)

800 CAPITAL SQUARE
400 LOCUST STREET
DES MOINES, IOWA                                                        50309
 (Address of principal executive offices)                           (Zip Code)


                  --------------------------------------------
                                 DEBT SECURITIES

   2

                       (Title of the indenture securities)
                  --------------------------------------------


                                     GENERAL

ITEM 1.  GENERAL INFORMATION.

         FURNISH THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION AS TO THE TRUSTEE:

         (a) NAME AND ADDRESS OF EACH EXAMINING OR SUPERVISING AUTHORITY TO
             WHICH IT IS SUBJECT. 

             Comptroller of the Currency, Washington, D.C.

         (b)  WHETHER IT IS AUTHORIZED TO EXERCISE CORPORATE TRUST POWERS.

              Yes.

ITEM 2.    AFFILIATIONS WITH THE OBLIGOR.

         IF THE OBLIGOR IS AN AFFILIATE OF THE TRUSTEE, DESCRIBE EACH SUCH 
         AFFILIATION.

         None.

NO RESPONSES ARE INCLUDED FOR ITEMS 3-15 OF THIS FORM T-1 BECAUSE THE OBLIGOR IS
NOT IN DEFAULT AS PROVIDED UNDER ITEM 13.

ITEM 16.   LIST OF EXHIBITS

List below all exhibits filed as a part of this Statement of Eligibility.

1.      EXHIBIT T1A(a) A copy of the Articles of Association of the Trustee as
        now in effect.

2.      EXHIBIT T1A(b) A copy of the Certificate of Authority of the Trustee
        (previously known as New Trust Company, National Association,) to
        commence business. Also included in Exhibit TIA (b) are letters dated
        November 24, 1997 from the Comptroller of the Currency authorizing the
        exercise of fiduciary powers by the Trustee and acknowledging the name
        change of the Trustee.

3.      EXHIBIT T1A(c) The Authorization of the Trustee to exercise corporate
        trust powers is contained in Exhibit T1A(b).

4.      EXHIBIT T1B A copy of the By-Laws of the Trustee as now in effect.

5.      EXHIBIT T1C Not applicable

6.      EXHIBIT T1D The Trustee's consent required by Section 321(b) of the Act.

7.      EXHIBIT T1E A copy of the latest report of condition of the Trustee,
        published pursuant to law or the requirements of its supervising or
        examining authority.

8.      EXHIBIT T1F Not applicable

9.      EXHIBIT T1G Not applicable


                                       2
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                                    SIGNATURE

         Pursuant to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 the
Trustee, Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association, a national banking
association organized and existing under the laws of the United States of
America , has duly caused this statement of eligibility to be signed on its
behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in the City of
Cleveland and Ohio, on the 11th day of December , 1998.


                                         CHASE MANHATTAN TRUST COMPANY,
                                         NATIONAL ASSOCIATION



                                         By /s/ Timothy J. Vara
                                           ---------------------------------
                                           Timothy J. Vara
                                           Vice President

                                       3


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                                                                     EXHIBIT T1E


               CHASE MANHATTAN TRUST COMPANY, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
                             STATEMENT OF CONDITION

                               SEPTEMBER 30, 1998
                                                                         ($000)
                                                                         ------
                                                                          
ASSETS
   Cash and Due From Banks                                              $ 15,946
   Securities Available for Sale                                           3,072
   Premises and Fixed Assets
                                                                             586
   Intangible Assets                                                      88,275
                                                                        --------
      Total Assets                                                      $107,879
                                                                        ========


LIABILITIES
   Sundry Liabilities and Accrued Expenses                              $  3,917
                                                                        --------

STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY
   Common Stock                                                         $  5,000
   Surplus                                                                95,000
   Retained Earnings                                                       3,962
                                                                        --------
      Total Stockholder's Equity                                        $103,962
                                                                        --------

      Total Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity                        $107,879
                                                                        ========



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                                                                  EXHIBIT T1A(a)

                                  [CHASE LOGO]

                         CHASE MANHATTAN TRUST COMPANY,
                              NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

                                CHARTER NO. 23548

                             ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION


For the purpose of organizing an Association to perform any lawful activities of
a national bank, the undersigned do enter into the following Articles of
Association:

FIRST. The title of this Association shall be Chase Manhattan Trust Company,
National Association (the "Association").

SECOND. The main office of the Association shall be in the City of Pittsburgh,
County of Allegheny, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The business of the
Association shall be limited to the fiduciary powers and the support of
activities incidental to the exercise of those powers. The Association will
obtain the prior written approval of the Office of the Comptroller of the
Currency before amending these Articles of Association to expand the scope of
its activities and services.

THIRD. The board of directors of this Association shall consist of not less than
five nor more than twenty-five persons, the exact number to be fixed and
determined from time to time by resolution of a majority of the full board of
directors or by resolution of a majority of the shareholders at any annual or
special meeting thereof. Each director, during the full term of his
directorship, shall own common or preferred stock of the Association or of a
holding company owning the Association, with an aggregate par, fair market or
equity value of not less than $1,000. Any vacancy in the board of directors may
be filled by action of the shareholders or a majority of the remaining
directors.

Terms of directors, including directors selected to fill vacancies, shall expire
at the next regular meeting of shareholders at which directors are elected,
unless the directors resign or are removed from office.

Despite the expiration of a director's term, the director shall continue to
serve until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until there is a
decrease in the number of directors and his or her position is eliminated.


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FOURTH. There shall be an annual meeting of the shareholders to elect directors
and transact whatever other business may be brought before the meeting. It shall
be held at the main office or any other convenient place the board of directors
may designate, on the day of each year specified therefore in the by-laws, or if
that day falls on a legal holiday in the state in which the Association is
located, on the next following banking day. If no election is held on the day
fixed or in event of a legal holiday, on the following banking day, an election
may be held on any subsequent day within 60 days of the day fixed, to be
designated by the board of directors, or, if the directors fail to fix the day,
by shareholders representing two-thirds of the shares issued and outstanding.
Advance notice of the meeting may be duly waived by the sole shareholder in
accordance with 12 C.F.R. 7.2001.

A director may resign at any time by delivering written notice to the board of
directors, its Chairperson, or to the Association, which resignation shall be
effective when the notice is delivered unless the notice specifies a later
effective date.

A director may be removed by shareholders at a meeting called to remove him or
her, when notice of the meeting stating that the purpose or one of the purposes
is to remove him or her is provided, if there is a failure to fulfill one of the
affirmative requirements for qualification, or for cause.

FIFTH. The authorized amount of capital stock of this Association shall be five
million dollars ($5,000,000), divided into fifty thousand (50,000) shares of
common stock of the par value of one hundred dollars ($ 100) each; but said
capital stock may be increased or decreased from time to time, according to the
provisions of the laws of the United States.

No holder of shares of the capital stock of any class of the Association shall
have any preemptive or preferential right of subscription to any shares of any
class of stock of the Association, whether now or hereafter authorized, or to
any obligations convertible into stock of the Association, issued, or sold, nor
any right to subscription to any thereof other than such, if any, as the board
of directors, in its discretion may from time to time determine and at such
price as the board of directors may from time to time fix.

Unless otherwise specified in the Articles of Association or required by law,
(1) all matters requiring shareholder action, including amendments to the
Articles of Association, must be approved by shareholders owning a majority
voting interest in the outstanding voting stock, and (2) each shareholder shall
be entitled to one vote per share.

The Association, at any time and from time to time, may authorize and issue debt
obligations, whether or not subordinated, without the approval of the
shareholders.


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SIXTH. The board of directors may appoint one of its members President of this
Association, and one of its members Chairperson of the board or two of its
members as Co-Chairpersons of the board, and shall have the power to appoint one
or more Vice Presidents, a Secretary who shall keep minutes of the directors'
and shareholders' meetings and be responsible for authenticating the records of
the Association, and such other officers and employees as may be required to
transact the business of this Association. A duly appointed officer may appoint
one or more officers or assistant officers if authorized by the board of
directors in accordance with the by-laws.

The board of directors shall have the power to:
(1) Define the duties of the officers, employees, and agents of the Association.
(2) Delegate the performance of its duties, but not the responsibility for its
duties, to the officers, employees, and agents of the Association. 
(3) Fix the compensation and enter into employment contracts with its officers
and employees upon reasonable terms and conditions consistent with applicable
law.
(4) Dismiss officers and employees.
(5) Require bonds from officers and employees and fix the penalty thereof.
(6) Ratify written policies authorized by the Association's management or
committees of the board.
(7) Regulate the manner in which any increase or decrease of the capital of the
Association shall be made, provided that nothing herein shall restrict the power
of shareholders to increase or decrease the capital of the Association in
accordance with law.
(8) Manage and administer the business and affairs of the Association.
(9) Adopt initial by-laws, not inconsistent with law or the Articles of
Association, for managing the business and regulating the affairs of the
Association.
(10) Amend or repeal by-laws, except to the extent that the Articles of
Association reserve this power in whole or in part to shareholders.
(11) Make contracts.
(12) Generally perform all acts that are legal for a board of directors to
perform.

SEVENTH. The board of directors shall have the power to change the location of
the main office to any other location permitted under applicable law, without
the approval of the shareholders, and shall have the power to establish or
change the location of any branch or branches of the Association to any other
location permitted under applicable law, without the approval of the
shareholders subject to approval by the Office of the Comptroller of the
Currency.

EIGHTH. The corporate existence of this Association shall continue until
termination according to the laws of the United States.

NINTH. These Articles of Association may be amended at any regular or special
meeting of the shareholders by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority
of the stock of this Association, unless the vote of the holders of a greater
amount of stock is required by law, and in that case by the vote of the holders
of such greater amount. The Association's board of directors may propose one or
more amendments to the Articles of Association for submission to the
shareholders.


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                                                                 EXHIBIT T1A (b)

                          COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY
         TREASURY DEPARTMENT         [GRAPHIC]        OF THE UNITED STATES
                                WASHINGTON, D.C.


Whereas, satisfactory evidence has been presented to the Comptroller of the
Currency that New Trust Company National Association located in Pittsburgh State
of Pennsylvania has complied with all provisions of the statues of the United
States required to be complied with before being authorized to commence the
business of banking as a National Banking Association;

         Now, therefore, I hereby certify that the above named association is
authorized to commence the business of banking as a National Banking
Association.


                                   IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, WITNESS MY SIGNATURE
                                   AND SEAL OF
[GRAPHIC]  CHARTER NO.             OFFICE THIS 24TH DAYS OF NOVEMBER 1997
           23548                   
                                              
                                         DEPUTY COMPTROLLER OF THE CURRENCY


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- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Comptroller of the Currency                                     EXHIBIT T1A (b)
Administrator of National Banks
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

November District
11 14 Avenue of the America's Suite 3900
New York, New York 10036

November 24, 1997

Joseph R. Bielawa
Vice President and Assistant General Counsel
The Chase Manhattan Bank
270 Park Avenue, 39th Floor
New York, New York 10017

Re:      Change in Corporate Title
             New Trust Company, National Association (Bank)
             Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Dear Mr. Bielawa:

The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) has received your
submission, concerning the change and amendment to Article First of the
above-referenced Bank's Articles of Association. The OCC has amended its records
to reflect that effective November 24, 1997, the corporate title of New Trust
Company, National Association, Charter Number 23548, was changed to "Chase
Manhattan Trust Company, National Association."

You are reminded that the OCC does not approve national bank name changes nor
dies it maintain official titles or the retention of alternate titles. The use
of other titles or the retention of the rights o any previously title is the
responsibility of the Bank's board of directors. Legal counsel should be
consulted to determine whether or not the new title, or any previously used
title, could be challenged by competing institutions under the provisions of
federal state law.

A copy of the amended Article as accepted for filing is enclosed for the Bank's
records.

Very truly yours

/s/ Linda Leickel
Linda Leickel
Senior Licensing Analyst
Charter No.:23548
Control No.: 97 NE 04 010 w/97 NE 01 022


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- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Comptroller of the Currency                                  EXHIBIT  T1A (b)
Administrator of National Banks
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


November District                                                      Licensing
1114 Avenue of the America's Suite 3900                 Telephone (212) 790-4055
New York, New York 10036                                     Fax: (212) 790-4098

November 24, 1997

Mr. Daryl J. Zupan
President and CEO
New Trust Company, National Association
c/o Mellon Bank, N.A., Corporate Trust
Two Mellon Bank Center, Suite 325
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15259

Re:      Charter for a National Trust Bank, New Trust Company, National 
         Association.
         Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
         ACN 97 NE 01 0022

Dear Mr. Zupan:

The Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) has found that you have met all conditions
imposed by the OCC and completed all steps necessary to commence the business of
banking. Your charter certificate is enclosed. You are authorized to commence
business on November 24, 1997.

This letter also constitutes OCC authorization to exercise fiduciary powers.

You are reminded that several of the standard conditions contained in the
preliminary approval letter dated October 23, 1997 will continue to apply once
the bank opens and by opening, you agree to subject your association to these
conditions of operations. Some of the conditions bear reiteration here:

1.       Regardless of the association's FDIC insurance status, the association
         is subject to the Change in Bank Control act (12 U.S.C. 1817(j)) by
         virtue of its national bank charter. Please refer to item 4 in the list
         of standard conditions sent with the preliminary approval letter.

2.       The board of directors is responsible for regular review and update of
         policies and procedures and for assuring ongoing compliance with them.
         This includes maintaining an internal control system that ensures
         compliance with the currency reporting and record keeping requirements
         of the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA). The board is expected to train its
         personnel in BSA procedures and designate one person or a group to
         monitor day-to-day compliance.


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Mr. Daryl J. Zupan
Page two


3.       The bank will not engage in full commercial powers authorized to
         national banks without the OCC's prior approval

Following the commencement of operations, bank management is urged to become
familiar with the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Part
11 of the Comptroller's regulations relative to the registration of the bank's
equity securities and related periodic reports. These requirements will be
applicable to your bank when the number of shareholders of record is maintained
at 500 or more. Such registration may be subsequently terminated pursuant to the
Act, only when the number of shareholders of record is reduced to fewer than
300.

Should you have any questions regarding the supervision of your bank, please
contact the portfolio manager who will be responsible for OCC's ongoing
supervisory effort at your institution. You will be notified of the name and
number of the appropriate individual in the near future.

Sincerely,

/s/ Micheal G. Tiscia

Micheal G. Tiscia
Licensing Manager

Enclosure

cc:      Official File
         Field File


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                                                                     EXHIBIT T1B

                                  [CHASE LOGO]

                         CHASE MANHATTAN TRUST COMPANY,
                              NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

                                     BY-LAWS


                       ARTICLE I. MEETINGS OF SHAREHOLDERS

SECTION 1.1. ANNUAL MEETING. The regular annual meeting of the shareholders to
elect directors and transact whatever other business may properly come before
the meeting, shall be held at the main office of the Association, or such other
place as the board may designate, and at such time in each year as may be
designated by the board of directors. Unless otherwise provided by law, notice
of the meeting may be waived by the Association's sole shareholder in accordance
with 12 C.F.R. Sec. 7.2001. If, for any cause, an election of directors is not
made on that date, or in the event of a legal holiday, on the next following
banking day, an election may be held on any subsequent day within 60 days of the
date fixed, to be designated by the board, or, if the directors fail to fix the
date, by shareholders representing two thirds of the shares issued and
outstanding.

SECTION 1.2. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Except as otherwise specifically provided by
statute, special meetings of the shareholders may be called for any purpose at
any time by a majority of the board of directors or by any one or more
shareholders owning, in the aggregate, not less than twenty-five percent of the
stock of the Association or by the Chairperson of the board of directors or the
President. Unless otherwise provided by law, advance notice of a special meeting
may be waived by the Association's Sole Shareholder in accordance with 12 C.F.R.
Sec. 7.2001.

SECTION 1.3. NOMINATIONS OF DIRECTORS. Nominations for election to the board of
directors may be made by the board of directors or by any stockholder of any
outstanding class of capital stock of the Association entitled to vote for the
election of directors. Nominations, other than those made by or on behalf of the
existing management of the Association, shall be made in writing and shall be
delivered or mailed to the President of the Association and to the Comptroller
of the Currency, Washington, D.C., not less than 14 days nor more than 50 days
prior to any meeting of shareholders called for the election of directors,
provided, however, that if less than 21 days' notice of the meeting is given to
shareholders, such nomination shall be mailed or delivered to the President of
the Association and to the Comptroller of the Currency not later than the close
of business on the seventh (7th) day following the day on which the notice of
meeting was mailed. Such notification shall contain the following information to
the extent known to the notifying shareholder.
         (1) The name and address of each proposed nominee.
         (2) The principal occupation of each proposed nominee.


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         (3) The total number of shares of capital stock of the Association that
will be voted for each proposed nominee. 
         (4) The name and residence address of the notifying shareholder. 
         (5) The number of shares of capital stock of the Association owned by 
the notifying shareholder.

Nominations not made in accordance herewith may, in his/her discretion, be
disregarded by the Chairperson of the meeting, and upon his/her instructions,
the vote tellers may disregard all votes cast for each such nominee.

SECTION 1.4. PROXIES. Shareholders may vote at any meeting of the shareholders
by proxies duly authorized in writing, but no officer or employee of this
Association shall act as proxy. Proxies shall be valid only for one meeting to
be specified therein, and any adjournments of such meeting. Proxies shall be
dated and filed with the records of the meeting. Proxies with rubber stamped
facsimile signatures may be used and unexecuted proxies may be counted upon
receipt of a confirming telegram from the shareholder. Proxies meeting above
requirements submitted at any time during a meeting shall be accepted.

SECTION 1.5 QUORUM. A majority of the outstanding capital stock, represented in
person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at any meeting of shareholders,
unless otherwise provided by law, or by the shareholders or directors pursuant
to Section 10.2, but less than a quorum may adjourn any meeting, from time to
time, and the meeting may be held, as adjourned, without further notice. A
majority of the votes cast shall decide every question or matter submitted to
the shareholders at any meeting, unless otherwise provided by law or by the
Articles of Association, or by the shareholders or directors pursuant to Section
10.2. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders may be
taken without a meeting by unanimous written consent of the shareholders to a
resolution authorizing the action. The resolution and the written consent shall
be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the shareholders.


                              ARTICLE II. DIRECTORS

SECTION 2.1. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. The board of directors ("board") shall have the
power to manage and administer the business and affairs of the Association.
Except as expressly limited by law, all corporate powers of the Association
shall be vested in and may be exercised by the board.

SECTION 2.2. NUMBER. The board shall consist of not less than five nor more than
twenty-five persons, the exact number within such minimum and maximum limits to
be fixed and determined from time to time by resolution of a majority of the
full board or by resolution of a majority of the shareholders at any meeting
thereof; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that a majority of the full board may not increase
the number of directors to a number which: (1) exceeds by more than two the
number of directors last elected by shareholders where such number was 15 or
less; and (2) exceeds by more than four the number of directors last elected by
shareholders where such number was 16 or more, but in no event shall the number
of directors exceed 25.

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SECTION 2.3. ORGANIZATION MEETING. The Secretary shall notify the
directors-elect of their election and of the time at which they are required to
meet at the main office of the Association to organize the new board and elect
and appoint officers of the Association for the succeeding year. Such meeting
shall be held on the day of the election or as soon thereafter as practicable,
and, in any event, within 30 days thereof. If, at the time fixed for such
meeting, there shall not be a quorum, the directors present may adjourn the
meeting, from time to time, until a quorum is obtained.

SECTION 2.4. REGULAR MEETINGS. The time and location of regular meetings of the
board shall be set by the board. Such meetings may be held without notice. Any
business may be transacted at any regular meeting. The board may adopt any
procedures for the notice and conduct of any meetings as are not prohibited by
law.

SECTION 2.5. SPECIAL MEETINGS. Special meetings of the board may be called at
the request of the Chairperson or Co-Chairperson of the board, the President, or
three or more directors. Each member of the board shall be given notice stating
the time and place, by telegram, telephone, letter or in person, of each such
special meeting at least one day prior to such meeting. Any business may be
transacted at any special meeting.

SECTION 2.6. ACTION BY THE BOARD. Except as otherwise provided by law, corporate
action to be taken by the board shall mean such action at a meeting of the
board. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the board or any
committee of the board may be taken without a meeting if all members of the
board or the committee consent in writing to a resolution authorizing the
action. The resolution and the written consents thereto shall be filed with the
minutes of the proceedings of the board or committee. Any one or more members of
the board or any committee may participate in a meeting of the board or
committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment
allowing all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other at the same
time. Participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at such
meeting.

SECTION 2.7. WAIVER OF NOTICE. Notice of a special meeting need not be given to
any director who submits a signed waiver of notice, whether before or after the
meeting, or who attends the meeting without protesting, prior thereto or at its
commencement, the lack of notice to him or her.

SECTION 2.8. QUORUM AND MANNER OF ACTING. Except as otherwise required by law,
the Articles of Association or these by-laws, a majority of the directors shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of any business at any meeting of the
board and the act of a majority of the directors present and voting at a meeting
at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the board. In the absence of a
quorum, a majority of the directors present may adjourn any meeting, from time
to time, until a quorum is present and no notice of any adjourned meeting need
be given. At any such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present, any
business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as
originally called.


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SECTION 2.9. VACANCIES. In the event a majority of the full board increases the
number of directors to a number which exceeds the number of directors last
elected by shareholders, as permitted by Section 2.2, directors may be appointed
to fill the resulting vacancies by vote of such majority of the full board. In
the event of a vacancy in the board for any other cause, a director may be
appointed to fill such vacancy by vote of a majority of the remaining directors
then in office.

SECTION 2.10. REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS. The vacancy created by the removal of a
director pursuant to this Section may be filled by the board in accordance with
Section 2.9 of these by-laws or by the shareholders.


                             ARTICLE III. COMMITTEES

SECTION 3.1. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. There may be an executive committee consisting
of the Chairperson or Co-Chairperson of the board and not less than two other
directors appointed by the board annually or more often. Subject to the
limitations in Section 3.4(g) of these by-laws, the executive committee shall
have the maximum authority permitted by law.

SECTION 3.2. AUDIT COMMITTEE. There may be an audit committee composed of not
less than two directors, exclusive of any active officers, appointed by the
board annually or more often, whose duty it shall be to make an examination at
least once during each calendar year and within fifteen months of the last
examination into the affairs of the Association, or cause continuous suitable
examinations to be made, by auditors responsible only to the board, and to
report the results of any such examinations in writing to the board from time to
time. Such examinations shall include audits of the fiduciary business of the
Association as may be required by law or regulation.

SECTION 3.3. OTHER COMMITTEES. The board may appoint, from time to time, other
committees of one or more persons, for such purposes and with such powers as the
board may determine.

SECTION 3.4. GENERAL. (a) Each committee shall elect a Chairperson from among
the members thereof and shall also designate a Secretary of the committee, who
shall keep a record of its proceedings.
         (b) Vacancies occurring from time to time in the membership of any
committee shall be filled by the board for the unexpired term of the member
whose departure causes such vacancy. The board may designate one or more
alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent member or members
at any meeting of such committee.
         (c) Each committee shall adopt its own rules of procedure and shall
meet at such stated times as it may, by resolution, appoint. It shall also meet
whenever called together by its Chairperson or the Chairperson of the board.
         (d) No notice of regular meetings of any committee need be given.
Notice of every special meeting shall be given either by mailing such notice to
each member of such committee at his or her address, as the same appears in the
records of the Association, at least two days before the day of such 


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meeting, or by notifying each member on or before the day of such meeting by
telephone or by personal notice, or by leaving a written notice at his or her
residence or place of business on or before the day of such meeting. Waiver of
notice in writing of any meeting, whether prior or subsequent to such meeting,
or attendance at such meeting, shall be equivalent to notice of such meeting.
Unless otherwise indicated in the notice thereof, any and all business may be
transacted at any special meeting.
         (e) All committees shall, with respect to all matters, be subject to
the authority and direction of the board and shall report to it when required. 
         (f) Unless otherwise required by law, the Articles of Association or 
these by-laws, a quorum at any meeting of any committee shall be one-third of
the full membership and present shall be the act of the committee.
         (g) No committee shall have authority to take any action which is
expressly required by law or regulation to be taken at a meeting of the board or
by a specified proportion of directors.


                       ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES

SECTION 4.1. CHAIRPERSON OF THE BOARD. The board shall appoint one of its
members to be the Chairperson of the board, or two persons to serve as
Co-Chairperson of the board to serve at its pleasure. Such person shall preside
at all meetings of the board. The Chairperson or Co-Chairpersons of the board
shall supervise the carrying out of the policies adopted or approved by the
board; shall have general executive powers, as well as the specific powers
conferred by these by-laws; and shall also have and may exercise such further
powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred upon, or assigned by the
board.

SECTION 4.2. PRESIDENT. The board may appoint one of its members to be the
President of the Association. In the absence of the Chairperson or
Co-Chairpersons, the President shall preside at any meeting of the board. The
President shall have general executive powers, and shall have and may exercise
any and all other powers and duties pertaining by law, regulation, or practice
to the office of President, or imposed by these by-laws. The President shall
also have and may exercise such further powers and duties as from time to time
may be conferred, or assigned by the board.

SECTION 4.3. VICE PRESIDENT. The board may appoint one or more Vice Presidents.
Each Vice President shall have such powers and duties as may be assigned by the
board.

SECTION 4.4. SECRETARY. The board shall appoint a Secretary, Cashier, or other
designated officer who shall be Secretary of the board and of the Association,
and shall keep accurate minutes of all meetings. The Secretary shall attend to
the giving of all notices required by these by-laws; shall be custodian of the
corporate seal, records, documents and papers of the Association; shall provide
for the keeping of proper records of all transactions of the Association; shall
have and may exercise any and all other powers and duties pertaining by law,
regulation or practice, to the office of Cashier, or imposed by these by-laws;
and shall also perform such other duties as may be assigned from time to time,
by the board.

SECTION 4.5. OTHER OFFICERS. The board may appoint one or more Assistant Vice
Presidents, one or more Trust Officers, one or more Assistant Secretaries, one
or more Assistant Cashiers, one or 

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more Managers and Assistant Managers of branches and such other officers and
attorneys in fact as from time to time may appear to the board to be required or
desirable to transact the business of the Association. Such officers shall
respectively exercise such powers and perform such duties as pertain to their
several offices, or as may be conferred upon, or assigned to, them by the board,
the Chairperson or Co-Chairpersons of the board, or the President. The board may
authorize an officer to appoint one or more officers or assistant officers.

SECTION 4.6. RESIGNATION. An officer may resign at any time by delivering notice
to the Association. A resignation is effective when the notice is given unless
the notice specifies a later effective date.

                         ARTICLE V. FIDUCIARY ACTIVITIES

SECTION 5.1. TRUST COMMITTEE. There shall be a Trust Committee of this
Association composed of four or more members, who shall be capable and
experienced officers or directors of the Association. The Committee is charged
with the responsibility for the investment, retention, or disposition of assets
held in accounts with respect to which the Association has investment authority;
for the review of the assets of accounts for which the Association has
investment authority promptly after the acceptance of such an account and at
least once during every calendar year thereafter to determine the advisability
of retaining or disposing of such assets; for the determination of the manner in
which proxies received for accounts for which the Association has responsibility
for the voting of proxies shall be voted; for the determination of all
substantial questions involving discretionary authority of the Association of a
non-investment nature, including, but not limited to, distribution of principal
and/or income in respect of any account; for providing advice as to the
investment, retention, or disposition of assets in investment advisory accounts
maintained by the Association; for the making of such reports as this board
shall require; and for such other responsibilities as may be assigned by this
board. The Trust Committee, in discharging its aforementioned responsibilities,
may authorize officers of the Association to exercise such powers and under such
conditions as the Committee may from time to time prescribe.

SECTION 5.2. TRUST INVESTMENTS. Funds held in a fiduciary capacity shall be
invested according to the instrument establishing the fiduciary relationship and
local law. Where such instrument does not specify the character and class of
investments to be made and does not vest in the Association a discretion in the
matter, funds held pursuant to such instrument shall be invested in investments
in which corporate fiduciaries may invest under applicable law.

SECTION 5.3. TRUST AUDIT COMMITTEE. The board shall appoint a committee of at
least two directors, exclusive of any active officer of the association, which
shall, at least once during each calendar year make suitable audits of the
association's fiduciary activities or cause suitable audits to be made by
auditors responsible only to the board, and at such time shall ascertain whether
fiduciary powers have been administered according to law, Part 9 of the
Regulations of the Comptroller of the Currency, and sound fiduciary principles.

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SECTION 5.4. FIDUCIARY FILES. There shall be maintained by the association all
fiduciary records necessary to assure that its fiduciary responsibilities have
been properly undertaken and discharged.


ARTICLE VI. STOCK AND STOCK CERTIFICATES

SECTION 6.1. TRANSFERS. Shares of stock shall be transferable on the books of
the Association, and a transfer book shall be kept in which all transfers of
stock shall be recorded. Every person becoming a shareholder by such transfer
shall, in proportion to his or her shares, succeed to all rights of the prior
holder of such shares.The board may impose conditions upon the transfer of the
stock reasonably calculated to simplify the work of the Association with respect
to stock transfers, voting at shareholder meetings, and related matters and to
protect it against fraudulent transfers.

SECTION 6.2. STOCK CERTIFICATES. Certificates of stock shall bear the signature
of the Chairperson or Co-Chairpersons of the board or President (which may be
engraved, printed or impressed), and shall be signed manually or by facsimile
process by the Secretary, Assistant Secretary, Cashier, Assistant Cashier, or
any other officer appointed by the board for that purpose, to be known as an
authorized officer, and the seal of the Association shall be engraved thereon.
Each certificate shall recite on its face that the stock represented thereby is
transferable only upon the books of the Association properly endorsed. In case
any such officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed
upon such certificate shall have ceased to be such before such certificate is
issued, it may be issued by the Association with the same effect as if such
officer had not ceased to be such at the time of its issue.
The corporate seal may be a facsimile, engraved or printed.


                           ARTICLE VII. CORPORATE SEAL

SECTION 7.1. CORPORATE SEAL. The Chairperson, the President, the Cashier, the
Secretary or any Assistant Cashier or Assistant Secretary, or other officer
thereunto designated by the board, shall have authority to affix the corporate
seal to any document requiring such seal, and to attest the same. Such seal
shall be substantially in the following form: A circle, with the words "Chase
Manhattan Trust Company, National Association" within such circle.


                     ARTICLE VIII. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS

SECTION 8.1. FISCAL YEAR. The fiscal year of the Association shall be the
calendar year.

SECTION 8.2. EXECUTION OF INSTRUMENTS. All agreements, indentures, mortgages,
deeds, conveyances, transfers, certificates, declarations, receipts, discharges,
releases, satisfactions, settlements, petitions, schedules, accounts,
affidavits, bonds, undertakings, proxies and other instruments or documents may
be signed, executed, acknowledged, verified, delivered or 

   19


accepted on behalf of the Association by the Chairperson or Co-Chairpersons of
the board, or the President, or any Vice Chairperson, or any Managing Director,
or any Vice President, or any Assistant Vice President, or the Chief Financial
Officer, or the Controller, or the Secretary, or the Cashier, or, if in
connection with exercise of fiduciary powers of the Association, by any of those
officers or by any Trust Officer. Any such instruments may also be executed,
acknowledged, verified, delivered or accepted on behalf of the Association in
such other manner and by such other officers as the board may from time to time
direct. The provisions of this Section 8.2 are supplementary to any other
provision of these by-laws.

SECTION 8.3. RECORDS. The Articles of Association, the by-laws and the
proceedings of all meetings of the shareholders, the board, and standing
committees of the board, shall be recorded in appropriate minute books provided
for that purpose. The minutes of each meeting shall be signed by the Secretary,
Cashier or other officer appointed to act as Secretary of the meeting.

SECTION 8.4. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PROCEDURES. To the extent not inconsistent
with applicable Federal banking law, bank safety and soundness or these by-laws,
the corporate governance procedures found in the Delaware General Corporation
Law shall be followed by the Association.


                           ARTICLE IX. INDEMNIFICATION

SECTION 9.1. RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION. Each person who was or is made a party or
is threatened to be made a party to or is otherwise involved in any action, suit
or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative
(hereinafter a "proceeding"), by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a
director or an officer of the Association or is or was serving at the request of
the Association as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation
or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service
with respect to an employee benefit plan (hereinafter an "indemnitee"), whether
the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a
director, officer, employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a
director, officer, employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held harmless by
the Association to the fullest extent authorized by the Delaware General
Corporation Law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the
case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the
Association to provide broader indemnification rights than such law permitted
the Association to provide prior to such amendment), against all expense,
liability and loss (including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise
taxes or penalties and amounts paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or
suffered by such indemnitee in connection therewith; provided, however, that,
except as provided in Section 9.3 of these by-laws with respect to proceedings
to enforce rights to indemnification, the Association shall indemnify any such
indemnitee in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such
indemnitee only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the
board.

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SECTION 9.2. RIGHT TO ADVANCEMENT OF EXPENSES. The right to indemnification
conferred in Section 9.1 of these by-laws shall include the right to be paid by
the Association the expenses (including attorney's fees) incurred in defending
any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition (hereinafter an
"advancement of expenses"); provided, however, that, if the Delaware General
Corporation Law requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by an indemnitee
in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity
in which service was or is rendered by such indemnitee, including, without
limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon
delivery to the Association of an undertaking (hereinafter an "undertaking"), by
or on behalf of such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall
ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no
further right to appeal (hereinafter a "final adjudication") that such
indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this
Section 9.2 or otherwise. The rights to indemnification and to the advancement
of expenses conferred in Sections 9.1 and 9.2 of these by-laws shall be contract
rights and such rights shall continue as to an indemnitee who has ceased to be a
director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the
indemnitee's heirs, executors and administrators.

SECTION 9.3. RIGHT OF INDEMNITEE TO BRING SUIT. If a claim under Section 9.1 or
9.2 of these by-laws is not paid in full by the Association within sixty (60)
days after a written claim has been received by the Association except in the
case of a claim for an advancement of expenses, in which case the applicable
period shall be twenty (20) days, the indemnitee may at any time thereafter
bring suit against the Association to recover the unpaid amount of the claim. If
successful in whole or in part in any such suit, or in a suit brought by the
Association to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an
undertaking, the indemnitee shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of
prosecuting or defending such suit. In (1) any suit brought by the indemnitee to
enforce a right to indemnification hereunder (but not in a suit brought by the
indemnitee to enforce a right to an advancement of expenses) it shall be a
defense that, and (2) any suit brought by the Association to recover an
advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Association
shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a final adjudication that, the
indemnitee has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in
the Delaware General Corporation Law. Neither the failure of the Association
(including the board, the Association's independent legal counsel, or its
shareholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such
suit that indemnification of the indemnitee is proper in the circumstances
because the indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in
the Delaware General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the
Association (including the board, the Association's independent legal counsel,
or its shareholders) that the indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of
conduct, shall create a presumption that the indemnitee has not met the
applicable standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the
indemnitee, be a defense to such suit. In any suit brought by the indemnitee to
enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder,
or brought by the Association to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to
the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the indemnitee is not
entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this
Article IX or otherwise shall be on the Association.


   21


SECTION 9.4. NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS. The rights to indemnification and to the
advancement of expenses conferred in this Article IX shall not be exclusive of
any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any
statute, the Association's Articles of Association, by-laws, agreement, vote of
shareholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.

SECTION 9.5. INSURANCE. The Association may maintain insurance, at its expense,
to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the
Association or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other
enterprise against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the
Association would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense,
liability or loss under the Delaware General Corporation Law.

SECTION 9.6. INDEMNIFICATION OF EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS OF THE ASSOCIATION. The
Association may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the board, grant
rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to any employee or
agent of the Association to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article
IX with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of directors
and officers of the Association.

                               ARTICLE X. BY-LAWS

SECTION 10.1. INSPECTION. A copy of the by-laws, with all amendments, shall at
all times be kept in a convenient place at the main office of the Association,
and shall be open for inspection to all shareholders during banking hours.

SECTION 10.2. AMENDMENTS. The by-laws may be amended, altered or repealed, at
any regular meeting of the board by a vote of a majority of the total number of
the directors except as provided below. The Association's shareholders may amend
or repeal the by-laws even though the by-laws may be amended or repealed by its
board.


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                                                             EXHIBIT T1D


                  Consent for Records of Governmental Agencies
                      to be Made Available to the Commision
                      -------------------------------------


         The undersigned, Chase Manhattan Trust Company, National Association,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania pursuant to Section 321(b) of The Trust Indenture Act
of 1939, hereby authorizes the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System,
the Federal Reserve Banks, the Treasury Department, the Comptroller of the
Currency and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, under such conditions as
they may prescribe, to make available to the Commision such reports, records or
other information as they may have available with respect to the undersigned as
a prospective trustee under an indenture to be qualified under the aforesaid
Trustee Indenture Act of 1939 and to make through their examiners or other
employees for the use of the Commision, examinations of the undersigned
prospective Trustee.

         The undersigned also, pursuant to Section 321(b) of said Trust
Indenture Act of 1939, consents that reports of examination by the Federal,
State, Territorial or District authorities may be furnished by such authorities
to the Commission upon request therefor.

         Dated this 11th day of December , 1998.

                                      Chase Manhattan Trust Company,
                                      National Association


                                      By:  /s/ Timothy J. Vara
                                          -------------------------------
                                          Timothy J. Vara
                                          Vice President