(Exhibit 12) INTERNATIONAL PAPER COMPANY AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES COMPUTATION OF RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES (dollar amounts in millions) (unaudited) For the Years Ended December 31, First First Quarter Quarter TITLE 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1993 1994 _________________________________ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ A) Earnings before income taxes, extraordinary item and accounting changes $1,404.7 $945.9 $637.9 $206.1 $500.0 $101.4 $110.5 B) Add: Fixed charges excluding capitalized interest 250.4 336.2 380.3 325.3 365.3 85.7 89.1 C) Add: Amortization of previously capitalized interest 8.4 8.6 9.9 9.9 12.2 2.8 3.0 D) Less: Equity in undistributed earnings of affiliates (6.7) (9.4) (10.8) (19.1) (25.9) (7.4) (10.8) E) EARNINGS BEFORE INCOME TAXES, EXTRAORDINARY ITEM, ACCOUNTING CHANGES AND FIXED CHARGES $1,656.8 $1,281.3 $1,017.3 $522.2 $851.6 $182.5 $191.8 FIXED CHARGES F) Interest and amortization of debt expense $228.7 $309.5 $351.1 $297.1 $334.5 $78.6 $81.4 G) Interest factor attributable to rentals 21.7 26.7 29.2 28.2 30.8 7.1 7.7 H) Capitalized interest 10.9 26.3 36.4 42.0 12.2 5.9 2.2 I) TOTAL FIXED CHARGES $261.3 $362.5 $416.7 $367.3 $377.5 $91.6 $91.3 J) RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES 6.34 3.53 2.44 1.42 2.26 1.99 2.10