EXHIBIT (99)-6

GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

GUIDELINES FOR DETERMINING THE PROPER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER TO GIVE THE PAYER.
Social security numbers have nine digits separated by two hyphens: i.e.
000-00-0000. Employer identification numbers have nine digits separated by only
one hyphen: i.e. 00-0000000. The table below will help determine the number to
give the payer.

FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT: GIVE THE SOCIAL SECURITY
NUMBER OF --
1. An individual's account The individual
2. Two or more individuals (joint account) The actual owner of the account or, if combined
funds, the first individual on the account (1)
3. Custodian account of a minor (Uniform The minor (2)
Gift to Minors Act)
4. a. The usual revocable savings trust The grantor-trustee (1)
account (grantor is also trustee)
b. So-called trust account that is not a The actual owner (1)
legal or valid trust under State law
5. Sole proprietorship account The owner (3)
FOR THIS TYPE OF ACCOUNT: GIVE THE EMPLOYER
IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF --
6. A valid trust, estate, or pension trust The legal entity (Do not furnish the identifying
number of the personal representative or
trustee unless the legal entity itself is not
designated in the account title.) (4)
7. Corporate account The corporation
8. Partnership account held in the name of The partnership
the business
9. Association, club, religious, charitable, or The organization
other tax-exempt organization
10. A broker or registered nominee The broker or nominee
11. Account with the Department of The public entity
Agriculture in the name of a public entity
(such as a State or local government, school
district, or prison) that receives agricultural
program payments

(1) List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish.
(2) Circle the minor's name and furnish the minor's social security number.
(3) Show the name of the owner. The name of the business or the "doing
business as" name may also be entered. Either the social security number
or the employer identification number may be used.
(4) List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension trust.

Note: If no name is circled when there is more than one name, the number will
be considered to be that of the first name listed.

GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER OF SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

OBTAINING A NUMBER

If you don't have a taxpayer identification number ("TIN") or you don't know
your number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for a Social Security Number Card, or
Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, at the local office
of the Social Security Administration or the Internal Revenue Service and apply
for a number.

PAYEES EXEMPT FROM BACKUP WITHHOLDING

Payees specifically exempted from backup withholding on all dividend and
interest payments and on broker transactions include the following:

o A corporation.
o A financial institution.
o An organization exempt from tax under section 501(a), or an individual
retirement plan, or a custodian account under section 403(b)(7).
o The United States or any agency or instrumentality thereof.
o A State, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or
any subdivision or instrumentality thereof.
o A foreign government, a political subdivision of a foreign government, or
any agency or instrumentality thereof.
o An international organization or any agency, or instrumentality thereof.
o A registered dealer in securities or commodities registered in the United
States or a possession of the United States.
o A real estate investment trust.
o A common trust fund operated by a bank under section 584(a).
o An exempt charitable remainder trust, or a non-exempt trust described in
section 4947(a)(1).
o An entity registered at all times under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
o A foreign central bank of issue.

Payments of dividends and patronage dividends not generally subject to backup
withholding including the following:

o Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under section 1441.
o Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the United
States and which have at least one nonresident partner.
o Payments of patronage dividends where the amount received is not paid in
money.
o Payments made by certain foreign organizations.
o Payments made to a nominee.

Payments of interest not generally subject to backup withholding include the
following:

o Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals. Note: You may be
subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or more and is paid
in the course of the payer's trade or business and you have not provided
your correct taxpayer identification number to the payer.
o Payments of tax-exempt interest (including the exempt-interest dividends
under section 852).
o Payments described in section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens.
o Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under section 1451.
o Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

Exempt payees described above should file the Substitute Form W-9 to avoid
possible erroneous backup withholding. Complete the Substitute Form W-9 as
follows:

ENTER YOUR TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, WRITE "EXEMPT" ACROSS THE FACE OF THE
FORM, SIGN, DATE, AND RETURN THE FORM TO THE PAYER.

If you are a foreign person not subject to backup withholding, file with payer a
completed IRS Form W-8BEN (Certificate of Foreign Status of Beneficial Owner for
United States Tax Withholding).

Certain payments other than interest, dividends, and patronage dividends that
are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to backup
withholding. For details, see the sections 6041, 6041A(a), 6042, 6044, 6045,
6049, 6050A and 6050N and the regulations thereunder.

PRIVACY ACT NOTICE

Section 6109 requires most recipients of dividend, interest, or other payments
to give taxpayer identification numbers to payers who must report the payments
to the IRS. The IRS uses the numbers for identification purposes and to help
verify the accuracy of tax reforms. Payers must be given the numbers whether or
not recipients are required to file tax returns. Payers must generally withhold
31% of taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who
does not furnish a taxpayer identification number to a payer. Certain penalties
may also apply.

PENALTIES

(1) Penalty for Failure to Furnish Taxpayer Identification Number. If you fail
to furnish your correct taxpayer identification number to a payer, you are
subject to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to
reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.
(2) Penalty for False Information With Respect to Withholding. If you make a
false statement with no reasonable basis which results in no imposition of
backup withholding, you are subject to a penalty of $500.
(3) Criminal Penalty for Falsifying Information. Willfully falsifying
certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties, including
fines and/or imprisonment.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE
SERVICE.