UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
QUARTERLY REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF
THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For The Period Ended March 31, 2001
Commission File #0-11321
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
NEW YORK 11-2580136
------------------------ --------------------------
(State of Incorporation) (I.R.S. Employer I.E. No.)
Six International Drive, Suite 190, Rye Brook, NY 10573
-------------------------------------------------------
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (914) 934-5200
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes |X| No |_|
The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant's Common Stock as of
May 4, 2001 was 46,873,965.
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP.
FORM 10-Q
CONTENTS
Page No.
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Consolidated Balance Sheets at March 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000 3
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended
March 31, 2001 and March 31, 2000 4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended
March 31, 2001 and March 31, 2000 5
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 6-11
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operations 12-24
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION 25
Signature 25
2
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In Thousands)
ASSETS March 31, 2001 December 31, 2000
-------------- -----------------
(Unaudited)
Investments:
Fixed maturities available for sale, at fair value
(amortized cost: 2001, $741,918; 2000, $746,060) $ 755,178 $ 751,738
Equity securities, at fair value (cost: 2001, $4,747; 2000, $3,819) 4,506 3,547
Policy loans 24,661 25,077
Other invested assets 4,212 4,318
----------- -----------
Total investments 788,557 784,680
Cash and cash equivalents 32,212 40,250
Accrued investment income 10,810 11,459
Deferred policy acquisition costs 51,672 48,651
Amounts due from reinsurers 215,031 202,929
Due and unpaid premiums 3,667 3,680
Deferred income tax asset 60,910 65,014
Present value of future profits and goodwill 12,031 12,514
Due from broker 6,485 234
Other assets 24,837 20,453
----------- -----------
Total assets 1,206,212 1,189,864
=========== ===========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Policyholder account balances 227,369 223,681
Reserves for future policy benefits 583,539 575,239
Policy and contract claims - life 6,379 7,207
Policy and contract claims - health 83,276 77,884
Loan payable 67,800 69,650
Amounts due to reinsurers 3,203 2,877
Restructuring liability 534 2,955
Other liabilities 50,557 56,422
----------- -----------
Total liabilities 1,022,657 1,015,915
----------- -----------
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common stock (Authorized: 80 million shares, issued and outstanding:
2001, 46.9 million shares; 2000, 46.8 million shares) 469 468
Additional paid-in capital 128,944 128,625
Accumulated other comprehensive income 6,891 4,875
Retained earnings 47,390 40,354
Less: Treasury Stock (2001, 0.1 million shares; 2000, 0.1 million shares) (139) (373)
----------- -----------
Total stockholders' equity 183,555 173,949
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 1,206,212 $ 1,189,864
=========== ===========
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
3
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended March 31,
2001 2000
--------- ---------
Revenues: (in thousands, per share amounts in dollars)
Gross premium and policyholder fees earned $ 126,213 $ 109,341
Reinsurance premiums assumed 822 1,017
Reinsurance premiums ceded (69,442) (55,219)
--------- ---------
Net premium and policyholder fees earned 57,593 55,139
Net investment income 14,457 14,151
Net realized gains on investments 2,090 40
Fee income 2,531 1,440
--------- ---------
Total revenues 76,671 70,770
--------- ---------
Benefits, claims and expenses:
Increase in future policy benefits 3,763 56
Claims and other benefits 39,038 37,104
Interest credited to policyholders 2,512 2,562
Increase in deferred acquisition costs (4,328) (3,006)
Amortization of present value of future profits and goodwill 724 643
Commissions 24,268 19,974
Commission and expense allowances on reinsurance ceded (21,402) (15,725)
Interest expense 1,618 1,680
Other operating costs and expenses 19,557 18,668
--------- ---------
Total benefits, claims and other deductions 65,750 61,956
--------- ---------
Operating income before taxes 10,921 8,814
Federal income tax expense 3,885 3,156
--------- ---------
Net income $ 7,036 $ 5,658
========= =========
Earnings per common share:
Basic $ 0.15 $ 0.12
========= =========
Diluted $ 0.15 $ 0.12
========= =========
See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements
4
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended March 31,
2001 2000
--------- ---------
(in thousands)
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income $ 7,036 $ 5,658
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used by operating activities:
Deferred income taxes 2,800 (1,777)
Change in reserves for future policy benefits 12,899 4,015
Change in policy and contract claims 4,565 2,703
Change in deferred policy acquisition costs (4,328) (3,006)
Amortization of present value of future profits and goodwill 724 643
Change in policy loans 417 386
Change in accrued investment income 649 210
Change in reinsurance balances (11,203) (4,503)
Change in due and unpaid premium 14 107
Realized gains on investments (2,090) (40)
Change in restructuring liability (2,421) (415)
Change in income taxes payable (1,124) --
Other, net (5,506) (1,359)
--------- ---------
Net cash provided by operating activities 2,432 2,622
--------- ---------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Proceeds from sale of fixed maturities available for sale 108,297 13,022
Proceeds from redemption of fixed maturities available for sale 1,766 1,935
Cost of fixed maturities purchased available for sale (109,735) (26,459)
Change in amounts held in trust by reinsurer (610) (475)
Proceeds from sale of equity securities 5 98
Cost of equity securities purchased (11) --
Change in mortgage loans (578) --
Change in due from / to broker (6,800) --
Change in other invested assets 684 10
Purchase of business, net of cash held -- (3,852)
--------- ---------
Net cash used in investing activities (6,982) (15,721)
--------- ---------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock 89 26
Cost of treasury stock purchases (453) --
Increase in policyholder account balances (1,312) (3,697)
Change in reinsurance balances on policyholder account balances 38 (417)
Principal payment on notes payable (1,850) --
--------- ---------
Net cash used in financing activities (3,488) (4,088)
--------- ---------
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents (8,038) (17,187)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 40,250 58,753
--------- ---------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period $ 32,212 $ 41,566
========= =========
Supplemental cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for interest $ 703 $ 1,680
========= =========
Cash paid during the period for income taxes $ 1,810 $ 124
========= =========
See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements
5
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The interim financial information herein is unaudited, but in the opinion
of management, includes all adjustments (consisting of normal, recurring
adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position and results of
operations for such periods. The results of operations for the three months
ended March 31, 2001 and 2000 are not necessarily indicative of the results to
be expected for the full year. The consolidated financial statements should be
read in conjunction with the Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2000.
Certain reclassifications have been made to prior year's financial statements to
conform with current period classifications.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") and
consolidate the accounts of Universal American Financial Corp. ("Universal
American" or the "Parent Company") and its subsidiaries (collectively the
"Company"), American Progressive Life & Health Insurance Company of New York
("American Progressive"), American Pioneer Life Insurance Company ("American
Pioneer"), American Exchange Life Insurance Company ("American Exchange"),
Pennsylvania Life Insurance Company ("Pennsylvania Life"), Peninsular Life
Insurance Company ("Peninsular"), Union Bankers Insurance Company ("Union
Bankers"), Constitution Life Insurance Company ("Constitution"), Marquette
National Life Insurance Company ("Marquette"), PennCorp Life Insurance Company,
a Canadian company ("PennCorp Canada"), WorldNet Services Corp. ("WorldNet"),
American Insurance Administration Group, Inc. ("AIAG") and Quincy Coverage Corp.
("Quincy"). Six of these companies, Pennsylvania Life, PennCorp Life of Canada,
Peninsular, Union Bankers, Constitution and Marquette, as well as certain other
related assets, were acquired on July 30, 1999 (the "1999 Acquisition). On
August 10, 2000, Universal American acquired Capitated Healthcare Services, Inc.
("CHCS").
Universal American offers life and accident and health insurance designed
for the senior market and self-employed market in all fifty states, the District
of Columbia and all the provinces of Canada. It also provides administrative
services to other insurers by servicing their senior market products. Universal
American's principal insurance products are Medicare supplement, fixed benefit
accident and sickness disability insurance, long-term care, home health care,
senior life insurance and annuities. The Company distributes these products
through an independent general agency system and a career agency system. The
career agents focus only on sales for Pennsylvania Life and PennCorp Canada
while the independent general agents sell for American Pioneer, American
Progressive and Constitution.
2. BUSINESS COMBINATION
1999 Acquisition
In January 2000, the Company announced that it had approved a plan to
consolidate the Raleigh location acquired in the 1999 Acquisition into its
locations in Toronto (Canada), Pensacola (Florida), and Orlando (Florida) in
order to improve operating efficiencies and capabilities and recorded a $11.1
million restructuring liability in its accounting for the 1999 acquisition. This
restructuring was completed during the first quarter of 2001. During the three
months ended March 31, 2001, the Company paid $2.4 million in restructuring
charges. As of March 31, 2001, the remaining liability is $0.5 million, and
relates primarily to employee separation costs.
3. COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The components of comprehensive income, net of related tax, for the
three-month periods ended March 31, 2001 and 2000 are as follows:
6
For the Three Months
Ended March 31,
----------------------
2001 2000
------- -------
(in thousands)
Net income $ 7,036 $ 5,658
------- -------
Other comprehensive income:
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities 4,285 (83)
Foreign currency translation adjustment (2,268) 405
------- -------
Other comprehensive income 2,017 322
------- -------
Comprehensive income $ 9,053 $ 5,980
======= =======
4. EARNINGS PER SHARE
Per share amounts for net income from operations are shown in the income
statement using i) an earnings per common share basic calculation and ii) an
earnings per common share-assuming dilution calculation. A reconciliation of the
numerators and the denominators of the basic and diluted EPS for the three
months ended March 31, 2001 and 2000 is as follows:
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2001
--------------------------------------------
Income Shares Per Share
(Numerator) (Denominator) Amount
----------- ------------- ------
(in thousands, per share amounts in dollars)
Common stock outstanding 46,845
Less: Treasury shares (97)
--------
Basic EPS
Net income applicable to common shareholders $ 7,036 46,748 $0.15
=====
Effect of Dilutive Securities
Incentive stock options 1,502
Director stock options 88
Agents and others stock options 796
Treasury stock assumed from proceeds of options (2,020)
-------- --------
Diluted EPS
Net income applicable to common
shareholders plus assumed conversions $ 7,036 47,114 $0.15
======== ======== =====
For the Three Months Ended March 31,
2000
--------------------------------------------
Income Shares Per Share
(Numerator) (Denominator) Amount
----------- ------------- ------
(in thousands, per share amounts in dollars)
Basic EPS
Net income applicable to common shareholders $ 5,658 46,705 $0.12
Effect of Dilutive Securities
Incentive stock options 962
Director stock options 124
Agents and others stock options 567
Treasury stock assumed from proceeds of options (1,217)
-------- --------
Diluted EPS
Net income applicable to common
shareholders plus assumed conversions $ 5,658 47,141 $0.12
======== ======== =====
7
5. INVESTMENTS
As of March 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000, fixed maturity securities are
classified as investments available for sale and are carried at fair value, with
the unrealized gain or loss, net of tax and other adjustments (deferred policy
acquisition costs), included in accumulated other comprehensive income.
March 31, 2001
-----------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair
Classification Cost Gains Losses Value
- ---------------------------------- --------- ----------- ---------- ---------
(In thousands)
US Treasury securities
and obligations of US government $ 41,225 $ 1,099 $ (7) $ 42,317
Corporate debt securities 457,014 10,784 (3,863) 463,935
Mortgage-backed securities 243,679 6,719 (1,472) 248,926
--------- --------- --------- ---------
$ 741,918 $ 18,602 $ (5,342) $ 755,178
========= ========= ========= =========
December 31, 2000
-----------------------------------------------------
Gross Gross
Amortized Unrealized Unrealized Fair
Classification Cost Gains Losses Value
- ---------------------------------- --------- ----------- ---------- ---------
(In thousands)
US Treasury securities
and obligations of US government $ 34,199 $ 589 $ (54) $ 34,734
Corporate debt securities 455,954 7,554 (4,908) 458,600
Mortgage-backed securities 255,907 4,404 (1,907) 258,404
--------- --------- --------- ---------
$ 746,060 $ 12,547 $ (6,869) $ 751,738
========= ========= ========= =========
The amortized cost and fair value of fixed maturities at March 31, 2001 by
contractual maturity are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from
contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay
obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
Amortized Fair
Cost Value
--------- ---------
(In thousands)
Due in 1 year or less $ 28,545 $ 28,839
Due after 1 year through 5 years 147,036 150,692
Due after 5 years through 10 years 225,309 230,239
Due after 10 years 97,349 96,482
Mortgage-backed securities 243,679 248,926
--------- ---------
$ 741,918 $ 755,178
========= =========
During 2001 to date we wrote down the value of certain fixed maturity
securities by $1.2 million (0.2% of investments), which represents management's
estimate of other than temporary declines in value and were included in net
realized gains on investments in the our consolidated statement of operations.
6. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common Stock
8
The par value of common stock is $.01 per share with 80,000,000 shares
authorized for issuance. The shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2001 and
2000 were 46,876,965 and 46,842,170, respectively. Changes in the number of
shares of common stock outstanding were as follows:
Balance at December 31, 2000 46,842,170
Stock options exercised 25,995
Stock purchases pursuant to Agents' Stock Purchase Plan 6,100
Miscellaneous retirements (300)
-----------
Balance at March 31, 2001 46,873,965
===========
Treasury Stock
During 2000, the Board of Directors approved a plan to re-purchase up to
500,000 shares of Company stock in the open market. The purpose of this plan is
to fund employee stock bonuses. During the quarter, the Company acquired 112,951
shares on the open market for a cost of $0.5 million during the year at market
prices ranging from $3.75 to $4.06 per share. The Company distributed 171,848
shares in the form of officer and employee bonuses at a market price of $3.88
per share at the date of distribution, generating proceeds of $0.7 million.
7. STATUTORY CAPITAL AND SURPLUS REQUIREMENTS
American Progressive, American Pioneer, American Exchange, Constitution,
Marquette, Peninsular, PennCorp Canada, Pennsylvania Life and Union Bankers
(collectively, the "Insurance Subsidiaries") are required to maintain minimum
amounts of capital and surplus as determined by statutory accounting. Each of
the Insurance Subsidiaries' statutory capital and surplus exceeds its respective
minimum requirement. However, substantially more than such minimum amounts are
needed to meet statutory and administrative requirements of adequate capital and
surplus to support the current level of the Insurance Subsidiaries' operations.
At March 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000 the statutory capital and surplus,
including asset valuation reserve, of the U.S. insurance subsidiaries totaled
$98.1 million and $86.5 million, respectively.
Beginning in 1993, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners
("NAIC") imposed regulatory risk-based capital ("RBC") requirements on life
insurance enterprises. At March 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000 all of the
Insurance Subsidiaries maintained ratios of total adjusted capital to RBC in
excess of the Authorized Control Level.
PennCorp Canada and Pennsylvania Life's Canadian branch reports to
Canadian regulatory authorities based upon Canadian statutory accounting
principles that vary in some respects from U.S. statutory accounting principles.
Canadian net assets based upon Canadian statutory accounting principles were
$53.4 million and $56.4 million as of March 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000,
respectively. PennCorp Canada maintained a Minimum Continuing Capital and
Surplus Requirement Ratio ("MCCSR") in excess of the minimum requirement and
Pennsylvania Life's Canadian branch maintained a Test of Adequacy of Assets in
Canada and Margin Ratio ("TAAM") in excess of the minimum requirement at March
31, 2001 and December 31, 2000.
8. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
In April 2001, the Company signed a letter of intent with Penn Treaty
American Corporation ("Penn Treaty") to purchase Penn Treaty's New York
subsidiary, American Independent Network Insurance Company of New York, which
includes Penn Treaty's New York long term care business and the distributors of
that business. This purchase would also include other product lines that are not
part of Penn Treaty's core business. If completed, this acquisition would
complement our existing core product lines, including Medicare supplement,
disability and life insurance, and provide us with additional distribution
capability.
9
The purchase remains subject to customary due diligence, execution of definitive
agreements and regulatory approvals.
9. BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company offers life and health insurance designed for the senior
market and the self-employed market in all 50 states, the District of
Columbia and all of the provinces of Canada. The Company also provide
administrative services to other issuers by servicing their senior market
products. Our principal insurance products are Medicare supplemental
health insurance, fixed benefit accident and sickness disability
insurance, long term care insurance, senior life insurance, annuities and
other individual life insurance. Our principal business segments are:
career agency, senior market brokerage, special markets and administrative
services. We also report the corporate activities of our holding company
in a separate segment. A description of these segments follows:
Career Agency -- The career agency segment is comprised of the operations
of Pennsylvania Life Insurance Company and PennCorp Life Insurance Company
of Canada, both of which we acquired in 1999. PennCorp Life of Canada
operates exclusively in Canada, while Pennsylvania Life operates in both
the United States and Canada. The career agency segment includes the
operations of a career agency field force, which distributes fixed benefit
accident and sickness disability insurance, life insurance and
supplemental senior health insurance in the United States and Canada. The
career agents are under exclusive contract with either Pennsylvania Life
or PennCorp Life of Canada.
Senior Market Brokerage -- This segment includes the operations of general
agency and insurance brokerage distribution systems that focus on the sale
of insurance products to the senior market, including Medicare supplement,
long term care, senior life insurance and annuities.
Special Markets -- We have accumulated various books of business
primarily, as a result of acquisitions that are not part of our core
business focus. We manage the run off of these books of business in our
special markets segment. The products in this segment include traditional,
interest-sensitive and group life insurance, individual major medical and
other accident and health insurance.
Administrative Services -- We act as a third party administrator and
service provider for both affiliated and unaffiliated insurance companies,
primarily with respect to various senior market products and a growing
portion of non-insurance products. The services that we perform include
policy underwriting, telephone verification, policyholder services, claims
adjudication, clinical case management, care assessment and referral to
health care facilities. In connection with our acquisition of American
Insurance Administration Group, Inc. and CHCS, Inc. in 2000, we have
increased our efforts to develop the administrative services segment.
Corporate -- This segment reflects the corporate activities of our holding
company, including the payment of interest on our debt and our public
company administrative expenses.
Intersegment revenues and expenses are reported on a gross basis in each
of the operating segments but eliminated in the consolidated results.
These eliminations affect the amounts reported on the individual financial
statement line items, but do not change operating income before taxes. The
significant items eliminated include intersegment revenue and expense
relating to services performed by the administrative services segment for
the career agency, senior market brokerage and special market segments and
interest on notes issued by the corporate segment to the other operating
segments.
10
Financial results by segment for the quarters ended March 31, 2001 and
2000 is as follows:
March 31, 2001 March 31, 2000
------------------------- -------------------------
Segment Income Segment Income
Segment (Loss) Before Segment (Loss) Before
Revenue Income Taxes Revenue Income Taxes
Career Agency $ 40,535 $ 7,366 $ 41,340 $ 6,767
Senior Market Brokerage 20,627 1,318 14,587 639
Special Markets 11,263 1,083 13,930 2,381
Administrative Services 8,046 1,510 5,265 856
-------- -------- -------- --------
Subtotal 80,471 11,277 75,122 10,643
Corporate 27 (2,446) 74 (1,869)
Intersegment revenues (5,917) -- (4,466) --
-------- -------- -------- --------
Total segment revenues 74,581 8,831 70,730 8,774
Adjustments to segments
revenues
Net realized gains 2,090 2,090 40 40
-------- -------- -------- --------
$ 76,671 $ 10,921 $ 70,770 $ 8,814
======== ======== ======== ========
Identifiable assets by segment as of March 31, 2001 and December 31, 2000
are as follows:
March 31, 2001 December 31, 2000
-------------- -----------------
Career Agency $ 555,005 $ 549,723
Senior Market Brokerage 372,666 358,790
Special Markets 278,048 278,699
Administrative Services 23,299 21,356
----------- -----------
Subtotal 1,229,018 1,208,568
Corporate (22,806) (18,704)
----------- -----------
$ 1,206,212 $ 1,189,864
=========== ===========
11
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Forward Looking Statements
We caution readers regarding certain forward-looking statements contained
in the following discussion and elsewhere in this report and in any other oral
or written statements, either made by, or on behalf of the Company, whether or
not in future filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").
Forward-looking statements are statements not based on historical information.
They relate to future operations, strategies, financial results or other
developments. In particular, statements using verbs such as "expect,"
"anticipate," "believe" or similar words generally involve forward-looking
statements. Forward-looking statements include statements that represent our
products, investment spreads or yields, or the earnings or profitability of our
activities.
Forward-looking statements are based upon estimates and assumptions that
are subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties,
many of which are beyond our control and are subject to change. These
uncertainties can affect actual results and could cause actual results to differ
materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements made by us, or
on our behalf. Whether or not actual results differ materially from
forward-looking statements may depend on numerous foreseeable and unforeseeable
events or developments, some of which may be national in scope, such as general
economic conditions and interest rates. Some of these events may be related to
the insurance industry generally, such as pricing competition, regulatory
developments and industry consolidation. Others may relate to us specifically,
such as credit, volatility and other risks associated with our investment
portfolio, and other factors. We disclaim any obligation to update
forward-looking information.
Introduction
The following analysis of our consolidated results of operations and
financial condition should be read in conjunction with the consolidated
financial statements and related consolidated footnotes included elsewhere.
We own nine insurance companies (collectively, the "Insurance
Subsidiaries"): American Progressive Life & Health Insurance Company of New York
("American Progressive"), American Pioneer Life Insurance Company ("American
Pioneer"), American Exchange Life Insurance Company ("American Exchange"),
Constitution Life Insurance Company ("Constitution"), Marquette National Life
Insurance Company ("Marquette"), Peninsular Life Insurance Company
("Peninsular"), Pennsylvania Life Insurance Company ("Pennsylvania Life"),
PennCorp Life Insurance Company of Canada ("PennCorp Life of Canada") and Union
Bankers Insurance Company ("Union Bankers"). Six of these companies,
Pennsylvania Life, PennCorp Life of Canada, Peninsular, Union Bankers,
Constitution and Marquette, as well as certain other related assets, were
acquired on July 30, 1999. In addition to the Insurance Subsidiaries, we own
three third party administrators: American Insurance Administration Group, Inc.
("AIAG"), which was purchased January 2, 2000, Capitated Health Care Services,
Inc., ("CHCS"), which was purchased August 10, 2000 and WorldNet Services Corp.
("WorldNet") that process our brokerage senior market policies, as well as
business for unaffiliated insurance companies.
Overview
We offer life and health insurance designed for the senior market and the
self-employed market in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and all of the
provinces of Canada. We also provide administrative services to other insurers
by servicing their senior market products. Our principal insurance products are
Medicare supplemental health insurance, fixed benefit accident and sickness
disability insurance, long term care insurance, senior life insurance, annuities
and other individual life insurance. Our principal business segments are: career
agency, senior market brokerage, special markets and administrative services. We
also report the corporate activities of our holding company in a separate
segment. A description of these segments follows:
12
Career Agency -- The career agency segment is comprised of the operations
of Pennsylvania Life Insurance Company and PennCorp Life Insurance Company
of Canada, both of which we acquired in 1999. PennCorp Life of Canada
operates exclusively in Canada, while Pennsylvania Life operates in both
the United States and Canada. The career agency segment includes the
operations of a career agency field force, which distributes fixed benefit
accident and sickness disability insurance, life insurance and
supplemental senior health insurance in the United States and Canada. The
career agents are under exclusive contract with either Pennsylvania Life
or PennCorp Life of Canada.
Senior Market Brokerage -- This segment includes the operations of general
agency and insurance brokerage distribution systems that focus on the sale
of insurance products to the senior market, including Medicare supplement,
long term care, senior life insurance and annuities.
Special Markets -- We have accumulated various books of business
primarily, as a result of acquisitions that are not part of our core
business focus. We manage the run off of these books of business in our
special markets segment. The products in this segment include traditional,
interest-sensitive and group life insurance, individual major medical and
other accident and health insurance.
Administrative Services -- We act as a third party administrator and
service provider for both affiliated and unaffiliated insurance companies,
primarily with respect to various senior market products and a growing
portion of non-insurance products. The services that we perform include
policy underwriting, telephone verification, policyholder services, claims
adjudication, clinical case management, care assessment and referral to
health care facilities. In connection with our acquisition of American
Insurance Administration Group, Inc. and CHCS, Inc. in 2000, we have
increased our efforts to develop the administrative services segment.
Corporate -- This segment reflects the corporate activities of our holding
company, including the payment of interest on our debt and our public
company administrative expenses.
Intersegment revenues and expenses are reported on a gross basis in each
of the operating segments. These eliminations affect the amounts reported
on the individual financial statement line items, but do not change
operating income before taxes. The significant items eliminated include
intersegment revenue and expense relating to services performed by the
administrative services segment for the career agency, senior market
brokerage and special market segments and interest on notes issued by the
corporate segment to the other operating segments.
Results of Operations - Consolidated Overview
For the purposes of assessing each segment's contribution to net income,
we evaluate the results of these segments on a pre-tax, and realized gain (loss)
basis. The following table reflects each segment's contribution to net income
and a reconciliation to net income for these items.
13
For the quarter ended
March 31,
2001 2000
-------- --------
(in thousands)
Career Agency $ 7,366 $ 6,767
Senior Market Brokerage 1,318 639
Special Markets 1,083 2,381
Administrative Services 1,510 856
-------- --------
Segment operating income 11,277 10,643
Corporate (2,446) (1,869)
-------- --------
Operating income before realized gains and Federal income taxes 8,831 8,774
Federal income taxes on operating items 3,154 3,142
-------- --------
Net operating Income 5,677 5,632
Realized gains (losses), net of tax 1,359 26
-------- --------
Net Income $ 7,036 $ 5,658
======== ========
Per share date (diluted)
Net operating income $ 0.12 $ 0.12
Realized gains (losses), net of tax 0.03 --
-------- --------
Net income $ 0.15 $ 0.12
======== ========
Quarters Ended March 31, 2001 and 2000
Consolidated net income after Federal income taxes increased by $1.3
million to $7.0 million ($0.15 per share diluted) in the first quarter of 2001,
compared to $5.7 million ($0.12 per share diluted) in 1999. Operating income
before realized gains and Federal income taxes increased slightly to $5.7
million in 2001 compared to $5.6 million in 2000.
Operating income from the Career Agency segment increased by $0.6 million.
This increase was due primarily to a reduction in general expenses of $1.2
million, offset by an increase in the loss ratio from the Canadian operations.
The Senior Market Brokerage segment more than doubled its results,
increasing operating income by $0.7 million. This improvement is the result of
continued internally generated growth of business in the segment, primarily in
the medicare supplement and long term care lines, offset in part by a slight
deterioration in overall loss ratios for the segment.
The operating results for the Special Markets segment declined by $1.3
million from the first quarter of 2000. Overall loss ratios were significantly
higher in the first quarter of 2001 for both life and health lines. This was
offset, in part, by a reduction in general expense. The cancellation of the
major medical block of business resulted in an anticipated decrease in premium.
Operating income for the Administrative Services segment nearly doubled in
2001 compared to 2000, primarily as a result of the increase in Medicare
premiums being serviced by our administrative services company.
The operating loss from the Corporate segment increased by $0.6 million
over the first quarter of 2000. This increase is primarily related to the
inclusion in the first quarter of 2000 of $0.4 million relating
14
to an insurance settlement.
Realized gains for 2001 were generated as a result of efforts to utilize
tax capital loss carryforwards, and to limit exposure to foreign exchange risk.
In addition, these capital gains had a positive impact on the statutory capital
and surplus of Pennsylvania Life.
The effective tax rate for the Company was 35.6% for 2001 as compared to
35.8% in 2000.
Segment Results - Career Agency
For the quarter ended
March 31,
2001 2000
-------- --------
(in thousands)
Net premiums and policyholder fees:
Life and annuity $ 3,657 $ 3,722
Accident & Health 28,695 29,592
-------- --------
Net premiums 32,352 33,314
Net investment income 8,050 7,860
Other income 133 166
-------- --------
Total revenue 40,535 41,340
-------- --------
Policyholder benefits 21,395 20,771
Interest credited to policyholders 388 385
Change in deferred acquisition costs (3,125) (2,303)
Amortization of present value of future profits and goodwill 7 7
Commissions and general expenses, net of allowances 14,504 15,713
-------- --------
Total benefits, claims and other deductions 33,169 34,573
-------- --------
Segment operating income $ 7,366 $ 6,767
======== ========
Quarters ended March 31, 2001 and 2000
Operating income from the Career Agency segment increased by $0.6 million,
reflecting the impact of expense savings from our restructuring effort offset by
unfavorable morbidity.
Revenues. Net premiums for the quarter fell by approximately 3% for the
segment compared to the first quarter of 2000. Canadian operations accounted for
approximately 37% of the net premiums for the first quarter of 2001 and 36% of
the net premiums for the first quarter of 2000. During the second half of 2000,
the Company began to develop new products for the Career Agency sales force
which are based on the Senior Market Brokerage products. Additionally, the
Company was focused on the recruiting and training of new agents during 2000.
Management expects that the impact of these efforts will begin to be reflected
in the Segment's results during the second quarter of 2001.
Net investment income increased by approximately 2% over the first quarter
of 2000. The increase results from the increase in the average invested assets
for the comparable periods.
Benefits, Claims and Other Deductions. Policyholder benefits, including the
change in reserves, increased by approximately 3% over the first quarter of
2000. This was due to higher overall loss ratios, most notably at the Canadian
operations where the total benefit ratio increased to 60% during the first
quarter of 2001 from 55% during 2000.
The increase in deferred acquisition costs was approximately $0.8 million
more in the first quarter of 2001, compared to the increase in 2000 and is
directly related to the new business sold in 2001 and 2000. The deferred
acquisition costs in this segment relates solely to business sold subsequent to
the acquisition of the Career Agency segment by Universal American.
15
Commissions and other operating expenses decreased by approximately $1.2
million or 8% in the first quarter of 2001 compared to 2000. The decrease is
primarily due to the consolidation of the operations from the Raleigh location
into the existing operations in Toronto, Canada and Pensacola, Florida.
Segment Results - Senior Market Brokerage
For the quarter ended
March 31,
2001 2000
-------- --------
(in thousands)
Net premiums and policyholder fees:
Life and annuity $ 1,320 $ 584
Accident & Health 16,435 11,119
-------- --------
Net premiums 17,755 11,703
Net investment income 2,870 2,865
Other income 2 19
-------- --------
Total revenue 20,627 14,587
-------- --------
Policyholder benefits 14,950 9,204
Interest credited to policyholders 1,140 1,276
Change in deferred acquisition costs (1,404) (664)
Amortization of present value of future profits and goodwill 82 50
Commissions and general expenses, net of allowances 4,541 4,082
-------- --------
Total benefits, claims and other deductions 19,309 13,948
-------- --------
Segment operating income $ 1,318 $ 639
======== ========
The table below details the gross premiums and policyholder fees before
reinsurance for the major product lines in the Senior Market brokerage segment
and the corresponding average amount of premium retained. The Company reinsures
its senior market brokerage products to unaffiliated third party reinsurers
under various quota share agreements. Medicare Supplement written premium is
reinsured under quota share reinsurance agreements ranging between 50% and 75%
based upon the geographic distribution. The Company has also acquired various
blocks of Medicare Supplement premium, which are reinsured under quota share
reinsurance agreements ranging from 75% to 100%. Under these reinsurance
agreements, the Company reinsures the claims incurred and commissions on a pro
rata basis and receives additional expense allowances for policy issue,
administration and premium taxes.
2001 2000
---- ----
Gross Net Gross Net
Premiums Retained Premiums Retained
-------- -------- -------- --------
Medicare Supplement acquired $38,518 6% $37,540 7%
Medicare Supplement written 35,014 30% 16,624 31%
Other supplemental health 5,886 61% 4,907 71%
Senior life insurance 1,936 50% 1,259 50%
------- -------
Total Gross premiums $81,354 22% $60,330 19%
======= =======
Quarters ended March 31, 2001 and 2000
Operating income from the Senior Market Brokerage segment increased by
$0.7 million, or 106%, in the first quarter of 2001, compared to the same period
of 2000.
16
Revenues. Gross premium written increased $21.0 million, or 35% over 2000. This
increase consists of an increase of $18.4 million, or 111%, on Medicare
Supplement business written by the Insurance Subsidiaries, an increase of $1.0
million on Medicare Supplement premium acquired through acquisition, an increase
of $1.0 million in other senior supplemental health premium and $0.6 million in
senior life insurance premium.
This increase in gross premium written for the Senior Market portfolio
products by the Insurance Subsidiaries was the result of strong sales in the
prior year together with continued increase in new sales in the current year.
Production of our Senior Market products amounted to $33.9 million in the
current quarter compared to $21.9 million in the same period of the prior year.
Medicare Supplement written premium grew as a result of the increase in
number of general agents under contract and by the dis-enrollment of
policyholders due to various Health Maintenance Organizations ("HMO's"). In
addition, premiums increased due to rate increases implemented by the Company in
2000 and 2001, offset by expected lapses.
The increase in Medicare Supplement acquired gross premium is due to new
sales by Constitution, which are 100% ceded and the effect of rate increases,
offset by expected lapses.
The increase of $1.0 million in other supplemental senior health gross
premiums is the result of increased sales of long term care products.
Net premiums for the first quarter of 2001 increased by approximately $6.1
million, or 52%, compared to 2000. The net premiums did not increase in line
with the gross premiums due to the change in the mix of annualized premium in
force. The amount of premium retained increased from 19% in 2000 to 22% in 2001
due to the increase in Medicare Supplement premiums written, which we retain 30%
on average.
Net investment income was consistent with the first quarter of 2000.
Benefits, Claims and Other Deductions. Policyholder benefits, including
the change in reserves, increased by approximately $5.7 million, or 62%,
compared to the first quarter of 2000 due to higher annualized premium in force.
Of this increase, $4.5 million relates to Medicare Supplement, $0.9 relates to
long term care and $0.3 relates to senior life.
Interest credited to policyholders decreased by approximately $0.1
million, or 11%, as a result of the decrease in the effective interest rate
credited to the policies in 2001 compared to 2000 and the expected lapses of the
policies in force.
The increase in deferred acquisition costs was approximately $0.7 million
more in the first quarter of 2001, compared to the increase in the first quarter
of 2000. The increase in deferred acquisition costs relates to the increase in
premiums issued during 2001 compared to 2000.
Commissions and other operating expenses increased by approximately $0.5
million or 11% in the first quarter of 2001 compared to 2000. The following
table details the components of commission and other operating expenses:
17
2001 2000
---- ----
Commissions $ 14,174 $ 9,746
Other operating costs 9,374 7,960
Reinsurance allowances (19,007) (13,624)
----------------------
Commissions and general expenses, net of allowances $ 4,541 $ 4,082
======================
The ratio of commissions to gross premiums increased to 17.4% during the
first quarter of 2001, from 16.2% in 2000. Other operating costs as a percentage
of gross premiums decreased to 11.5% during the first quarter of 2001 from 13.2%
in 2000. Commission and expense allowances received from reinsurers as a
percentage of the premiums ceded increased to 29.9% during the first quarter of
2001 compared to 28.0% in 2000.
Segment Results - Special Markets
For the quarter ended
March 31,
2001 2000
-------- --------
(in thousands)
Net premiums and policyholder fees:
Life and annuity $ 3,048 $ 3,212
Accident & Health 4,438 6,910
-------- --------
Net premiums 7,486 10,122
Net investment income 3,706 3,700
Other income 71 108
-------- --------
Total revenue 11,263 13,930
-------- --------
Policyholder benefits 6,456 7,185
Interest credited to policyholders 983 901
Change in deferred acquisition costs 201 (39)
Amortization of present value of future profits and goodwill 68 71
Commissions and general expenses, net of allowances 2,472 3,431
-------- --------
Total benefits, claims and other deductions 10,180 11,549
-------- --------
Segment operating income $ 1,083 $ 2,381
======== ========
Quarters ended March 31, 2001 and 2000
Operating results for the year decreased by 55% compared to the first quarter of
2000. The decrease is primarily attributable to higher overall loss ratios for
both the life and health lines of business.
Revenues. Net premiums for the year decreased by $2.6 million or 26% during the
first quarter of 2001 compared to 2000. Major medical premiums decreased by
approximately $2.3 million compared to the first quarter of 2000. This decrease
is the result of our decision in the fourth quarter of 2000 to exit the major
medical line of business. Life premiums decreased by $0.2 million and other
health premiums decreased by $0.1 million.
Net investment income was consistent with the first quarter of 2000.
Benefits, Claims and Other Deductions. Policyholder benefits decreased by $0.7
million in the first quarter of 2001, compared to 2000. Although premiums have
declined, loss ratios for the health lines of business have
increased.
18
Interest credited to policyholders was consistent with the first quarter
of 2000.
The net amortization of deferred acquisition costs of $0.2 million in the
first quarter of 2001, compared to a slight increase in deferred acquisition
costs in 2000, reflects to lower levels of production as these lines of business
run off.
Commissions and general expenses, net of allowances decreased by $1.0
million, or 28%, during the first quarter of 2001, compared to the same period
of 2000. Commissions decreased by approximately $0.3 million, consistent with
the decrease in premium noted above. General expenses also decreased by $0.6
million, primarily as a result of the restructuring efforts.
Segment Results - Administrative Services
For the quarter ended
March 31,
2001 2000
---------- ----------
(in thousands)
Net investment income $ 66 $ --
Other income 7,980 5,265
---------- ----------
Total revenue 8,046 5,265
---------- ----------
Amortization of present value of future profits and goodwill 567 768
Commissions and general expenses 5,969 3,641
---------- ----------
Total benefits, claims and other deductions 6,536 4,409
---------- ----------
Segment operating income $ 1,510 $ 856
========== ==========
Quarters ended March 31, 2001 and 2000
Operating income for the administrative services segment for the 2001
period was nearly double the amount in 2000, primarily as the result of the
increase in Medicare premiums being serviced by our administrative services
company.
Administrative services revenue increased by $2.7 million, or 52%, in 2001
as compared to 2000. Fees from CHCS, acquired in August 2000 added $1.7 million
to the segment in 2001, while fees earned on affiliated policies serviced by our
Pensacola operation increased $1.1 million. In 2001, 71% of the $8.0 million of
fees earned were from affiliated companies compared to 81% of the $5.3 million
in 2000.
Operating expenses for the segment increased by $2.3 million.
Approximately $1.7 million of the increase relates to the acquisition of CHCS.
The remaining increase of $0.6 million relates to the costs associated with the
increase in business administered in our Pensacola operation.
The amortization of present value of future profits ("PVFP") and goodwill
relates primarily to the acquisition of AIAG. Approximately $7.7 million of PVFP
was established when AIAG was acquired. It is being amortized in proportion to
the expected profits from the contracts in force on the date of acquisition. A
large portion of the contracts had a remaining term of three years; accordingly,
the amortization is heavily weighted to those periods. During 2001,
approximately $0.5 million was amortized compared to
19
$0.7 million in 2000. As of March 31, 2001, $4.3 million or 56%, of the original
amount remains unamortized. It is anticipated that 78% of the remaining balance
will be amortized by December 31, 2002. The remaining amortization relates to
the goodwill established in connection with the acquisition of CHCS.
The following table presents the primary components comprising the
segment's operating loss:
Segment Results - Corporate
For the quarter ended
March 31,
2001 2000
--------- ---------
(in thousands)
Interest cost of acquisition financing $ 1,618 $ 1,680
Insurance settlement -- (350)
Amortization of capitalized loan origination fees 132 132
Stock-based compensation expense 250 201
Other parent company expenses 460 320
Other (revenue) expenses, net (14) (114)
--------- ---------
Segment operating loss $ 2,446 $ 1,869
========= =========
Quarters ended March 31, 2001 and 2000
The net loss from the Corporate segment increased by $0.6 million. This
increase relates primarily to the receipt of proceeds from an insurance
settlement. The decrease in the interest cost is due to a lower average
outstanding balance, as a result of principal repayments, for the first quarter
of 2001, compared to 2000. The rate was slightly better during the first quarter
as well. (See "Liquidity and Capital Resources" for additional information
regarding our credit facility).
The results by segment discussed above do not reflect the elimination of
intersegment revenues. However, the consolidated results include the elimination
of the revenues and expenses associated with services performed by the
Administrative Services segment for affiliates of $5.7 million and $4.2 million,
respectively for 2001 and 2000 and the elimination of interest income and
expense on bonds issued by the Corporate segment to an affiliate of $0.2 million
and $0.2 million, respectively for 2001 and 2000.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
We use capital primarily to maintain or increase the surplus of our
insurance company subsidiaries and to support our holding company as an
insurance holding company, including the maintenance of its status as a public
company. In addition, we require capital to fund our anticipated growth through
acquisitions of other companies or blocks of insurance business.
We require cash to meet our obligations under our Credit Facility and our
outstanding debentures held by our subsidiary, American Progressive. We also
require cash to pay the operating expenses necessary to function as an insurance
holding company (applicable insurance department regulations require us to bear
our own expenses), and to meet the costs involved in being a public company.
Our $80 million credit facility consists of a $70 million term loan and a
$10 million revolving loan facility. The term loan calls for interest at LIBOR
for one, two, three or six months plus 350 basis points with principal repayment
over a seven-year periods and a final maturity date of July 31, 2006. As of May
1, 2001, $63.0 million was outstanding under the term loan and $3.0 million was
outstanding under the revolving loan facility. The current interest rate is
7.90% on our term loan and 8.35% on our amount outstanding under the revolving
loan. For the period January 1, through April 30, 2001, we paid $2.9 million in
interest and repaid $3.7 million in principal on the term loan and we paid $0.1
million in interest on the revolving loan.
20
We are currently evaluating various options available to us to replace our
current credit facility with a new credit facility that would have a lower
interest rate, a more favorable amortization schedule and a larger revolving
loan capacity than the terms of the existing facility. The new revolving loan
facility would be used for working capital, capital expenditures, and other
general corporate purposes, including acquisitions. We have not received any
commitment regarding a new facility and cannot anticipate at this time whether
we will be able to successfully refinance the existing facility.
In connection with an agreement entered into 1996 under which American
Pioneer became a direct subsidiary of our holding company, rather than an
indirect subsidiary owned through American Progressive, our holding company
issued $7.9 million in debentures to American Progressive. The debentures pay
interest quarterly at 8.50% and are due between September 2002 and May 2003.
During 2001, our parent holding company paid $0.2 million in interest on these
debentures to American Progressive, which was eliminated in consolidation.
Cash generated by our insurance company subsidiaries will be made
available to our holding company, principally through periodic payments of
principal and interest on surplus notes. As of March 31, 2001, the principal
amount of surplus notes owed to our holding company from our American Exchange
subsidiary totaled $70 million. The notes pay interest to our parent holding
company at LIBOR plus 375 basis points. We anticipate that the surplus notes
will be primarily serviced by dividends from Pennsylvania Life, a wholly owned
subsidiary of American Exchange, and by tax-sharing payments among American
Exchange and the insurance companies that are wholly owned by American Exchange
and file a consolidated Federal income tax return. During 2001, American
Exchange paid $1.6 million in interest to our parent holding company, which was
eliminated in consolidation. No principal payments were required during 2001 to
date.
We believe that the current cash position, the availability of the current
revolving credit facility, the expected cash flows of the non-insurance
companies and the surplus note interest payments from American Exchange can
support our parent holding company obligations for the foreseeable future.
However, there can be no assurance as to our actual future cash flows or the
continued availability of dividends from our insurance company subsidiaries.
Insurance Subsidiaries
Our insurance company subsidiaries are required to maintain minimum
amounts of capital and surplus as determined by statutory accounting practices.
As of March 31, 2001, each insurance company subsidiary's statutory capital and
surplus exceeded its respective minimum requirement. However, substantially more
than these minimum amounts are needed to meet statutory and administrative
requirements of adequate capital and surplus to support the current level of our
insurance company subsidiaries' operations. As of March 31, 2001 the statutory
capital and surplus, including asset valuation reserves, of our U.S. domiciled
insurance subsidiaries totaled $98.1 million.
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners has developed and
state insurance regulators have adopted risk-based capital requirements on life
insurance enterprises. As of March 31, 2001 all of our U.S. insurance company
subsidiaries maintained ratios of total adjusted capital to risk-based capital
in excess of the minimum trigger point for regulatory action.
PennCorp Life of Canada and Pennsylvania Life's Canadian branch are
subject to Canadian capital requirements and report results to Canadian
regulatory authorities based upon Canadian statutory accounting principles that
vary in some respects from U.S. statutory accounting principles. Canadian net
assets based upon Canadian statutory accounting principles were $53.4 million as
of March 31, 2001. PennCorp Life of Canada maintained a minimum continuing
capital and surplus requirement ratio in excess of the minimum requirement and
Pennsylvania Life's Canadian branch maintained a test of adequacy of assets in
Canada and margin ratio in excess of the minimum requirement as of March 31,
2001.
21
Dividend payments by our insurance companies to our parent holding company
or to intermediate subsidiaries are limited by, or subject to the approval of
the insurance regulatory authorities of each insurance company's state of
domicile. Such dividend requirements and approval processes vary significantly
from state to state. The maximum amount of dividends which can be paid to
American Exchange from Pennsylvania Life (to assist in the service of the
surplus note held by American Exchange) without the prior approval of the
Pennsylvania Department of Insurance is restricted to the greater of 10% of the
Pennsylvania Life's surplus as regards policyholders as of the preceding
December 31 or the net gain from operations during the preceding year, but such
dividends can be paid only out of unassigned surplus. Thus, future earnings of
Pennsylvania would be available for dividends without prior approval, subject to
the restrictions noted above. Based upon the current dividend regulations of the
respective states, Pennsylvania Life would be able to pay ordinary dividends of
approximately $12.1 million, Constitution Life would be able to pay ordinary
dividends of approximately $1.5 million and Union Bankers would be able to pay
ordinary dividends of approximately $1.4 million to American Exchange (their
direct parent) without the prior approval from their respective insurance
departments in 2001. Additionally, in 2001 Peninsular Life would be able to pay
ordinary dividends of approximately $1.2 million to American Pioneer without
prior approval from the Florida Insurance Department. We do not expect that our
remaining insurance company subsidiaries will be able to pay an ordinary
dividend in 2001.
Liquidity for our insurance company subsidiaries is measured by their
ability to pay scheduled contractual benefits, pay operating expenses, and fund
investment commitments. Sources of liquidity include scheduled and unscheduled
principal and interest payments on investments, premium payments and deposits
and the sale of liquid investments. We believe that these sources of cash for
our insurance company subsidiaries exceed scheduled uses of cash.
Liquidity is also affected by unscheduled benefit payments including death
benefits, benefits under accident and health insurance policies and
interest-sensitive policy surrenders and withdrawals. The amount of surrenders
and withdrawals is affected by a variety of factors such as credited interest
rates for similar products, general economic conditions and events in the
industry that affect policyholders' confidence. Although the contractual terms
of substantially all of our in force life insurance policies and annuities give
the holders the right to surrender the policies and annuities, we impose
penalties for early surrenders. As of March 31, 2001, we held reserves that
exceeded the underlying cash surrender values of our in force life insurance and
annuities by $17.6 million. Our insurance company subsidiaries, in our view,
have not experienced any material changes in surrender and withdrawal activity
in recent years.
Changes in interest rates may affect the incidence of policy surrenders
and withdrawals. In addition to the potential impact on liquidity, unanticipated
surrenders and withdrawals in a changed interest rate environment could
adversely affect earnings if we were required to sell investments at reduced
values in order to meet liquidity demands. We manage our asset and liability
portfolios in order to minimize the adverse earnings impact of changing market
rates. We seek to invest in assets that have duration and interest rate
characteristics similar to the liabilities that they support.
As of March 31, 2001, our insurance company subsidiaries held cash and
cash equivalents totaling $29.1 million, as well as fixed maturity and equity
securities that could readily be converted to cash with carrying values (and
fair values) of $755.2 million. The fair values of these holdings totaled more
than $784.3 million as of March 31, 2001.
Investments
Our investment policy is to balance the portfolio duration to achieve
investment returns consistent with the preservation of capital and maintenance
of liquidity adequate to meet payment of policy benefits and claims. We invest
in assets permitted under the insurance laws of the various states in which we
operate. Such laws generally prescribe the nature, quality of and limitations on
various types of investments that may be made. We currently engage the services
of three investment advisors under the direction of the management of our
insurance company subsidiaries and in accordance with guidelines adopted by the
respective boards of directors. Conning Asset Management manages our fixed
maturity portfolio in the United States and Elliot and Page manages the Canadian
fixed maturity portfolio. Our
22
policy is not to invest in derivative programs or other hybrid securities,
except for GNMA's, FNMA's and investment grade corporate collateralized mortgage
obligations. We invest primarily in fixed maturity securities of the U.S.
Government and its agencies and in corporate fixed maturity securities with
investment grade ratings of "Baa3" (Moody's Investors Service), "BBB-" (Standard
& Poor's Corporation) or higher. As of March 31, 2001, 97.6% of our fixed
maturity investments had investment grade ratings from Moody's Investors Service
or Standard & Poor's Corporation. However, we do own some investments that are
rated "BB+" or below, together 2.4% of total fixed maturities as of March 31,
2001. Fixed maturities with a carrying value of $0.6 million were non-income
producing for the year ended March 31, 2001. During 2001 to date we wrote down
the value of certain fixed maturity securities by $1.2 million (0.2% of
investments), which represents management's estimate of other than temporary
declines in value and were included in net realized gains on investments in the
our consolidated statement of operations.
Federal Income Taxation of the Company
Our provision for income taxes was $3.9 million during the three months
ended March 2001 compared to $3.2 million for the same period in 2000, resulting
in effective tax rates of 35.6% and 35.8%, respectively.
We carried valuation allowances of $10.4 million as of March 31, 2001 and
December 31, 2000, with respect to its tax loss carryforwards (deferred tax
assets). We determine a valuation allowance based upon an analysis of projected
taxable income and our ability to implement prudent and feasible tax planning
strategies. The tax planning strategies include the expense reductions
anticipated from our recent reorganization and from the income generated by our
administrative services companies WorldNet, American Insurance Administration
Group, Inc. and CHCS. We believe it is more likely than not that we will realize
the recorded net deferred tax assets.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
In general, market risk relates, to changes in the value of financial
instruments that arise from adverse movements in interest rates, equity prices
and foreign exchange rates. We are exposed principally to changes in interest
rates that affect the market prices of our fixed income securities.
Interest Rate Sensitivity
Our profitability could be affected if we were required to liquidate fixed
income securities during periods of rising and/or volatile interest rates.
However, we attempt to mitigate our exposure to adverse interest rate movements
through a combination of active portfolio management and by staggering the
maturities of our fixed income investments to assure sufficient liquidity to
meet our obligations and to address reinvestment risk considerations. Our
insurance liabilities generally arise over relatively long periods of time,
which typically permits ample time to prepare for their settlement. To date, we
have not used various financial risk management tools on our investment
securities, such as interest rate swaps, forwards, futures and options to modify
our exposure to changes in interest rates. However, we may consider using them
in the future.
Certain classes of mortgage-backed securities are subject to significant
prepayment risk due to the fact that in periods of declining interest rates,
individuals may refinance higher rate mortgages to take advantage of the lower
rates then available. We monitor and adjust investment portfolio mix to mitigate
this risk.
We regularly conduct various analyses to gauge the financial impact of
changes in interest rate on our financial condition. The ranges selected in
these analyses reflect our assessment as being reasonably possible over the
succeeding twelve-month period. The magnitude of changes modeled in the
accompanying analyses should not be construed as a prediction of future economic
events, but rather, be treated as a simple illustration of the potential impact
of such events on our financial results.
23
The sensitivity analysis of interest rate risk assumes an instantaneous
shift in a parallel fashion across the yield curve, with scenarios of interest
rates increasing and decreasing 100 and 200 basis points from their levels as of
March 31, 2001, and with all other variables held constant. A 100 basis point
increase in market interest rates would result in a pre-tax decrease in the
market value of our fixed income investments of $40.0 million and a 200 basis
point increase would result in a $77.6 million decrease. Similarly, a 100 basis
point decrease in market interest rates would result in a pre-tax increase in
the market value of our fixed income investments of $42.2 million and a 200
basis point decrease would result in a $86.7 million increase.
Currency Exchange Rate Sensitivity
Portions of our operations are transacted using the Canadian dollar as the
functional currency. As of and for the three months ended March 31, 2001,
approximately 13.1% of our assets, 19.1% of our revenues and 24.8% of our
operating income before taxes were derived from our Canadian operations. As of
and for the three months ended March 31, 2000, approximately 14.1% of our
assets, 20.4% of our revenues and 29.6% of our operating income before taxes
were derived from our Canadian operations. Accordingly, our earnings and
shareholders' equity are affected by fluctuations in the value of the U.S.
dollar as compared to the Canadian dollar. Although this risk is somewhat
mitigated by the fact that both the assets and liabilities for our foreign
operations are denominated in Canadian dollars, we are still subject to
translation losses.
We periodically conduct various analyses to gauge the financial impact of
changes in the foreign currency exchange rate on our financial condition. The
ranges selected in these analyses reflect our assessment of what is reasonably
possible over the succeeding twelve-month period.
As of March 31, 2001, a 10% strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to
the Canadian dollar would result in a decrease our operating income before taxes
of approximately $0.2 million and a decrease in shareholders equity of
approximately $5.4 million. Our sensitivity analysis of the effects of changes
in currency exchange rates does not factor in any potential change in sales
levels, local prices or any other variable.
The magnitude of changes reflected in the above analysis regarding
interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates should, in no manner, be
construed as a prediction of future economic events, but rather as a simple
illustration of the potential impact of such events on our financial results.
24
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
NONE
- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
UNIVERSAL AMERICAN FINANCIAL CORP.
By: /S/ Robert A. Waegelein
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Robert A. Waegelein
Senior Vice President
Chief Financial Officer
Date: May 15, 2001
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