SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED MARCH 31, 1998, OR
--------------
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _________ TO ________
Commission file number 0-22025
------------------------------------------------------
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
Michigan 94-3096597
- ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. employer
incorporation or organization) identification no.)
24 Frank Lloyd Wright Dr.
P.O. Box 376
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106
- ---------------------------------------- -------------------------------
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip code)
(734) 930-5555
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code)
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last
Report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.
[X] - Yes [_] - No
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes
of common stock as of the latest practicable date.
COMMON STOCK, NO PAR VALUE 13,602,927
(Class) Outstanding at May 5, 1998
Page 1
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
March 31, 1998
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements Page
----
a) Condensed Balance Sheets as of June 30, 1997 and March 31, 1998 3
b) Condensed Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended March 31, 1997 and 1998 4
and for the period from March 24, 1989 (Inception) to March 31, 1998
c) Condensed Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended March 31, 1997 and 1998 and for the 5
period from March 24, 1989 (Inception) to March 31, 1998
d) Notes to Condensed Financial Statements 6
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 9
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk *
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings *
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds 16
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities *
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders *
Item 5. Other Information *
Item 6. Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K 17
EXHIBIT INDEX 19
* No information is provided due to inapplicability of the item.
Page 2
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a development stage company)
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
June 30, March 31,
1997 1998
------------ ------------
ASSETS (Unaudited)
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 1,943,000 $ 2,671,000
Short-term investments 15,064,000 12,763,000
Receivables 229,000 221,000
Prepaid expenses 126,000 190,000
------------ ------------
Total current assets 17,362,000 15,845,000
PROPERTY, NET 1,048,000 798,000
------------ ------------
Total assets $18,410,000 $16,643,000
============ ============
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 1,508,000 $ 2,803,000
Accrued employee expenses 130,000 157,000
Current portion of capital lease obligations 124,000 72,000
------------ ------------
Total current liabilities 1,762,000 3,032,000
CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS 65,000 12,000
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Preferred Stock, no par value; shares authorized - 5,000,000; 2,200,000 issued and
outstanding at March 31, 1998 - 9,930,000
Common Stock, no par value; shares authorized - 40,000,000; shares issued and outstanding -
13,275,208 and 13,367,908, respectively 58,073,000 58,243,000
Deficit accumulated during the development stage (41,313,000) (54,900,000)
Stock purchase warrants - 322,000
Shareholder notes receivable (167,000) -
Unrealized gains (losses) on investments (10,000) 4,000
------------ ------------
Total shareholders' equity 16,583,000 13,599,000
------------ ------------
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 18,410,000 $ 16,643,000
============ ============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Page 3
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a development stage company)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
Three months ended Nine months ended March 24, 1989
March 31, March 31, (Inception) to
-------------------------- ------------------------- March 31,
1997 1998 1997 1998 1998
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
REVENUES:
Research and development agreements $ 9,000 $ - $ 204,000 $ 3,000 $ 2,020,000
Grants 59,000 80,000 117,000 142,000 2,285,000
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total revenues 68,000 80,000 321,000 145,000 4,305,000
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
Research and development 4,253,000 4,966,000 9,963,000 11,997,000 50,429,000
General and administrative 465,000 722,000 1,356,000 2,218,000 11,260,000
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Total costs and expenses 4,718,000 5,688,000 11,319,000 14,215,000 61,689,000
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS (4,650,000) (5,608,000) (10,998,000) (14,070,000) (57,384,000)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE):
Interest income 191,000 256,000 396,000 692,000 2,944,000
Interest expense (7,000) (3,000) (26,000) (10,000) (261,000)
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Other income 184,000 253,000 370,000 682,000 2,683,000
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
NET LOSS $(4,466,000) $(5,355,000) $(10,628,000) $(13,388,000) $(54,701,000)
=========== =========== ============ ============ ============
COMPUTATION OF NET LOSS APPLICABLE TO COMMON SHARES:
Net loss $(4,466,000) $(5,355,000) $(10,628,000) $(13,388,000)
Dividends on Preferred Stock - (152,000) - (199,000)
Charge related to issuance of Preferred Stock - - - (3,439,000)
----------- ---------- ---------- ------------
Net loss applicable to Common Shares $(4,466,000) $(5,507,000) $(10,628,000) $(17,026,000)
=========== ========== ========== ============
NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE (Basic and Diluted) $ (.38) $ (.41) $ (1.01) $ (1.28)
=========== ========== ========== ============
Weighted average number of common and common equivalent
shares outstanding 11,804,000 13,306,000 10,549,000 13,284,000
=========== ========== ========== ============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Page 4
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(a development stage company)
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
Nine months ended March 24, 1989
March 31, (Inception) to
---------------------------- March 31,
1997 1998 1998
------------ ------------ ------------
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss $(10,628,000) $(13,388,000) $(54,701,000)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used for operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 417,000 434,000 2,265,000
Loss on property held for resale - - 110,000
Amortization of discounts and premiums on investments (28,000) (132,000) (335,000)
Stock compensation expense 97,000 372,000 502,000
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables (168,000) (30,000) (259,000)
Prepaid expenses 328,000 (64,000) (190,000)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses 1,200,000 1,295,000 2,803,000
Accrued employee expenses 19,000 27,000 157,000
Deferred revenue (118,000) - -
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash used for operating activities (8,881,000) (11,486,000) (49,648,000)
------------ ------------ ------------
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Organizational costs - - (73,000)
Purchase of short-term investments (17,989,000) (10,353,000) (41,491,000)
Maturities of short-term investments 1,200,000 12,800,000 29,067,000
Capital purchases (326,000) (184,000) (2,326,000)
Proceeds from sale of property held for resale - - 400,000
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities (17,115,000) 2,263,000 (14,423,000)
------------ ------------ ------------
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Issuance of Preferred Stock - 9,930,000 44,148,000
Issuance of Common Stock 19,904,000 126,000 20,153,000
Payments received for stock purchase rights - - 3,500,000
Payments received under shareholder notes - - 31,000
Principal payments under capital lease obligations (181,000) (105,000) (1,090,000)
------------ ------------ ------------
Net cash provided by financing activities 19,723,000 9,951,000 66,742,000
------------ ------------ ------------
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (6,273,000) 728,000 2,671,000
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT
BEGINNING OF PERIOD 10,967,000 1,943,000 -
------------ ------------ ------------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT
END OF PERIOD $ 4,694,000 $ 2,671,000 $ 2,671,000
============ ============ ============
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Interest paid $ 26,000 $ 10,000 $ 261,000
Additions to capital lease obligations - - 1,174,000
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Page 5
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
(A DEVELOPMENT STAGE COMPANY)
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. ORGANIZATION
Aastrom Biosciences, Inc. (the "Company") was incorporated in March 1989
("Inception") under the name Ann Arbor Stromal, Inc. The Company changed its
name in 1991 concurrent with the commencement of employee-based operations.
The Company is in the development stage with its principal business
activities being research and product development, conducted principally on
its own behalf, but also in connection with various collaborative research
and development agreements with others, involving the development of
processes and instrumentation for the ex vivo production of human stem cells
and their progeny, and hematopoietic and other tissues. Successful future
operations are subject to several technical and business risks, including
satisfactory product development and obtaining regulatory approval and market
acceptance of its products.
2. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The condensed financial statements included herein have been prepared by the
Company without audit, according to the rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote
disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles have been omitted pursuant to
such rules and regulations. The financial statements reflect, in the opinion
of management, all adjustments (which consist solely of normal recurring
adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position and results
of operations as of and for the periods indicated. The results of operations
for the three and nine months ended March 31, 1998, are not necessarily
indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or for any other
period.
These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited
financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company's Annual
Report on Form 10-K, as amended and filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission.
3. SALE OF PREFERRED STOCK
On December 2, 1997, the Company completed a directed placement of 2,200,000
shares of its 5.5% Convertible Preferred Stock (Preferred Stock) at a price
of $5.00 per share. Proceeds from the offering, net of placement agent
commissions and expenses, were approximately $9,930,000. Each share of
Preferred Stock is convertible into one share of Common Stock, subject to
certain anti-dilution adjustments, and is convertible at the option of the
holder at any time. The Preferred Stock will automatically convert into
Common Stock if at any time after December 2, 1999, the price of the
Company's Common Stock is greater than $10 per share for 20 consecutive
trading days, or upon the occurrence of certain other events. The Preferred
Page 6
Stock accrues a dividend at an annual rate of 5.5%, which is declared and
paid by the Company on a quarterly basis, and has a liquidation preference of
$5 per share, plus accrued but unpaid dividends. The Company has the option
to pay dividends on the Preferred Stock in the form of a cash payment or by
the issuance of shares of Common Stock. If the Company elects to pay the
dividend in Common Stock, such shares are valued at an average daily trading
price of the Common Stock prior to the quarterly record date. In March 1998,
the Company elected to issue 28,947 shares of Common Stock valued at
approximately $152,000 in payment of the quarterly dividend payable as of
March 31, 1998.
4. NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE
Net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of common
and common equivalent shares outstanding during the period. Common equivalent
shares are not included in the per share calculation where the effect of
their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. Due to the automatic conversion of
all previously outstanding preferred stock into Common Stock upon the
completion of the initial public offering, such preferred stock is assumed to
have been converted into Common Stock at the time of issuance.
The computations of net loss per common share for the three-month and nine-
month periods ended March 31, 1998 include an adjustment for dividends paid
on the Preferred Stock. The computation of net loss per common share for the
nine-month period ended March 31, 1998 also reflects a one-time charge of
$3,439,000 related to the sale of the Preferred Stock in December 1997. The
one-time charge and dividends affect only the computation of net loss per
common share and are not included in the computation of net loss for the
periods.
During March 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement
of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings Per Share" ("SFAS 128"),
which amended the standards for computing earnings per share previously set
forth in Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 15, "Earnings per Share"
("APB 15"). SFAS 128, which was adopted by the Company for all periods
ending on or after December 31, 1997, did not have a material effect on the
computation of the Company's historical net loss per common share amounts.
In February 1998, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff
Accounting Bulletin No. 98 ("SAB 98"), which modifies the methods used in
computing net loss per common share as previously set forth in SFAS 128. As
set forth in SAB 98, the Company has retroactively applied SAB 98 for all
periods presented in the accompanying financial statements. Application of
SAB 98 did not have a material effect on amounts as previously reported.
5. RECENT PRONOUNCEMENT
In June 1997, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income"
("SFAS 130"), which sets forth additional requirements for companies to
report in the financial statements Comprehensive Income in addition to Net
Income. Upon adoption of SFAS 130, the Company will present comprehensive
income in its financial statements for earlier periods. The Company currently
expects that adopting SFAS 130 for its previously issued financial statements
will
Page 7
primarily affect the treatment of dividends and the one-time charge
associated with the sale of the Preferred Stock. The Company will adopt SFAS
130 during its fiscal year ending June 30, 1999, and has not yet determined
the manner in which comprehensive income will be presented.
6. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
In April 1998, the Company and Immunex amended the License and Supply
Agreement (the "Agreement"), entered into in March 1996, to provide for the
issuance of $1,100,000 in Common Stock by the Company as payment for the
$1,000,000 renewal fee due in March 1998 under the Agreement.
Page 8
Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations
OVERVIEW
Since its inception in March 1989 ("Inception"), Aastrom Biosciences, Inc. (the
"Company") has been in the development stage and engaged in research and product
development, conducted principally on its own behalf, but also in connection
with various collaborative research and development agreements with others. The
Company does not expect to generate positive cash flows from operations until
product sales commence, and until such time the Company expects that its revenue
sources will continue to be limited to grant revenue, research funding and
milestone payments and licensing fees from potential future corporate
collaborators. The timing and amount of such future cash payments and revenues,
if any, will be subject to significant fluctuations, based in part on the
success of the Company's research activities, the receipt of necessary
regulatory approvals, the timing of the achievement of certain other milestones
and the extent to which associated costs are reimbursed under grant or other
arrangements. Certain of the Company's revenues from product sales, if any, will
be subject to the Company's obligation to make aggregate royalty payments of up
to 5% to certain licensors of its technology. Further, under the Company's
Distribution Agreement with Cobe BCT, Inc. (collectively with Cobe Laboratories,
Inc., "Cobe"), Cobe is to perform marketing and distribution activities in
exchange for approximately 38% to 42% of the Company's product sales in the area
of stem cell therapy, subject to certain negotiated discounts and volume-based
adjustments. Research and development expenses may fluctuate due to the timing
of expenditures for the varying stages of the Company's research and clinical
development programs. Research and development expenses will increase as product
development programs and applications of the Company's products progress through
research and development stages and the Company expects these expenses to
continue to increase until these programs are completed. Under the Company's
License and Supply Agreement entered into in March 1996 with Immunex (the
"Agreement"), annual renewal fees of $1,000,000 are payable in March of each of
the next two years. In April 1998, the Company and Immunex amended the
Agreement to provide for the issuance of $1,100,000 in Common Stock by the
Company as payment for the $1,000,000 renewal fee due in March 1998 under the
Agreement. Under the Company's Distribution Agreement with Cobe, regulatory
approval activities for the Company's products for stem cell therapies outside
of the United States will be conducted, and paid for, by Cobe. As a result of
these and other factors, the Company's results of operations have fluctuated and
are expected to continue to fluctuate significantly from year to year and from
quarter to quarter and therefore may not be comparable to or indicative of the
results of operations for any future periods.
Over the past several years, the Company's net loss has primarily increased,
consistent with the growth in the Company's scope and size of operations. In the
near term, the Company plans additional moderate growth in employee headcount
necessary to address increasing requirements in the areas of product
development, research, clinical and regulatory affairs, quality systems and
administration. Assuming capital is available to finance such growth, the
Company's operating expenses are expected to continue to increase as a result.
At least until such time as the Company enters into arrangements providing
research and development funding or initiates product sales, the
Page 9
net loss is expected to continue to increase as well. The Company has never been
profitable and does not anticipate having net income for at least the next
several years. Through March 31, 1998, the Company had an accumulated deficit of
$54,900,000. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to achieve
profitability on a sustained basis, if at all.
This report contains, in addition to historical information, forward-looking
statements that involve risks and uncertainties. The Company's actual results
could differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking
statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include
those discussed under this caption, as well as those discussed under the caption
"Business Risks" in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, and
under the caption "Risk Factors" in the Company's Registration Statement on Form
S-1 (File No. 333-37439) declared effective in November 1997.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three and nine months ended March 31, 1998 and 1997
Revenues for the quarter ended March 31, 1998, consisting of grant funding,
increased to $80,000 from $68,000 for the same period in 1997. Revenues for the
nine months ended March 31, 1998 decreased to $145,000 compared to $321,000 for
the same period in 1997, reflecting the completion of a research collaboration
in September 1996. Grant revenues increased for the periods ending in 1998,
reflecting the timing of grant awards and related research activities, to the
extent that such associated costs are reimbursed under the grants.
Costs and expenses increased to $5,688,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 1998
from $4,718,000 for the same period in 1997, and increased to $14,215,000 for
the nine months ended March 31, 1998 compared to $11,319,000 for the same period
ending in 1997. The increases in costs and expenses for the periods ending in
1998 were principally the result of an increase in research and development
expense to $4,966,000 and $11,997,000 for the quarter and nine months ended
March 31, 1998, respectively, from $4,253,000 and $9,963,000 for the same
periods ending in 1997. These increases relate primarily to increased
development activities for the Aastrom Cell Production System (CPS). General and
administrative expenses increased to $722,000 and $2,218,000 for the quarter and
nine months ended March 31, 1998, respectively, from $465,000 and $1,356,000 for
the same periods ending in 1997, reflecting increased activities associated with
the Company's efforts to develop additional business opportunities for the
Aastrom/TM/ CPS in other emerging cell therapies and other administrative costs
in support of the Company's increasing product development and research
activities.
Interest income was $256,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 1998, compared to
$191,000 for the same period in 1997, and was $692,000 for the nine months ended
March 31, 1998, compared to $396,000 for the same period ending in 1997. These
changes primarily reflect an overall increase in the levels of cash, cash
equivalents and short-term investments during the periods.
The net loss for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 was $5,355,000, or $.41 per
common share, compared to a net loss of $4,466,000, or $.38 per common share,
for the same period in 1997. The
Page 10
net loss for the nine months ended March 31, 1998 was $13,388,000, or $1.28 per
common share compared, to $10,628,000, or $1.01 per common share, for the same
period ending in 1997. The computations of net loss per common share for the
periods ended March 31, 1998 include an adjustment for dividends paid on the
Preferred Stock. In addition, the net loss per common share for the nine months
ended March 31, 1998 reflects a one-time charge of $3,439,000 related to the
sale of the Preferred Stock. The one-time charge and dividends affect only the
computation of net loss per common share and are not included in the net loss
for the periods.
In February 1998, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting
Bulletin No. 98 ("SAB 98"), which modifies the methods used in computing net
loss per common share as previously set forth in Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 128 ("Earnings per Share"). As set forth in SAB 98, the
Company has retroactively applied SAB 98 for all periods presented in the
accompanying financial statements. Application of SAB 98 did not have a
material effect on amounts as previously reported.
Page 11
Liquidity and capital resources
The Company has financed its operations since Inception primarily through public
and private sales of its equity securities, which from Inception through March
31, 1998, have totaled approximately $68,173,000 and, to a lesser degree,
through grant funding, payments received under research agreements and
collaborations, interest earned on cash, cash equivalents, and short-term
investments, and funding under equipment leasing agreements. These financing
sources have historically allowed the Company to maintain adequate levels of
cash and other liquid investments.
The Company's combined cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments totaled
$15,434,000 at March 31, 1998, a decrease of $1,573,000 from June 30, 1997. In
December 1997, the Company completed the sale of 2,200,000 shares of 5.5%
Convertible Preferred Stock that generated net proceeds to the Company of
approximately $9,930,000. The primary uses of cash, cash equivalents and short-
term investments during the nine months ended March 31, 1998, included
$11,354,000 to finance the Company's operations and working capital
requirements, $184,000 in capital equipment additions and $105,000 in scheduled
debt payments. The Company plans to continue its policy of investing excess
funds in short-term, investment-grade, interest-bearing instruments.
The Company's future cash requirements will depend on many factors, including
continued scientific progress in its research and development programs, the
scope and results of clinical trials, the time and costs involved in obtaining
regulatory approvals, the costs involved in filing, prosecuting and enforcing
patents, competing technological and market developments and the cost of product
commercialization. The Company does not expect to generate a positive cash flow
from operations until commercialization of its products, due to the expected
increase in spending for research and development programs and the expected cost
of commercializing product candidates. The Company intends to seek additional
funding through research and development agreements with suitable corporate
collaborators, grants and through public or private financing transactions. The
Company expects that its primary sources of capital for the foreseeable future
will be through collaborative arrangements and through the public or private
sale of its debt or equity securities. There can be no assurance that such
collaborative arrangements, or any public or private financing, will be
available on acceptable terms, if at all, or can be sustained. Several factors
will affect the Company's ability to raise additional funding, including, but
not limited to, market volatility of the Company's stock and economic conditions
affecting the public markets generally or some portion, or all, of the
technology sector. If adequate funds are not available, the Company may be
required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more of its research
and development programs, which may have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
Page 12
CERTAIN BUSINESS CONSIDERATIONS
Commercialization of the Company's technology and product candidates, including
its lead product candidate, the Aastrom CPS, will require substantial
additional research and development by the Company as well as substantial
clinical trials. There can be no assurance that the Company will successfully
complete development of the Aastrom CPS or its other product candidates, or
successfully market its technologies or product candidates, which lack of
success would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations. The Company or its collaborators
may encounter problems or delays relating to research and development, market
development, clinical trials, regulatory approval and intellectual property
rights of the Company's technologies and product candidates. The Company's
initial product development efforts are primarily directed toward obtaining
regulatory approval to market the Aastrom CPS as an alternative to currently
used stem cell collection methods. These existing stem cell collection methods
have been widely practiced for a number of years, and there can be no assurance
that any of the Company's technologies or product candidates will be accepted by
the marketplace as readily as these or other competing processes and
methodologies, or at all. The Company also plans to pursue through strategic
relationships, clinical applications of the Aastrom CPS into emerging cell
therapies being developed by others. There can be no assurance that such
strategic relationships, if established, will successfully lead to commercial
applications of the Aastrom/TM/ CPS.
The approval of the United States Food and Drug Administration (the "FDA") will
be required before any commercial sales of the Company's product candidates for
stem cell therapy may commence in the United States, and approvals from foreign
regulatory authorities will be required before international sales may commence.
The Company is currently conducting pre-pivotal clinical trials to demonstrate
the safety and biological activity of patient-derived cells or umbilical cord
blood cells produced in the Aastrom CPS in a limited number of patients. If the
results from these pre-pivotal trials are successful, the Company intends to
seek clearance from the FDA to commence one or more pivotal clinical trials.
The patients enrolled in these pre-pivotal trials and future trials will have
undergone extensive chemotherapy or radiation therapy treatments prior to
infusion of cells produced in the Aastrom CPS. Such treatments will have
substantially weakened these patients and may have irreparably damaged their
hematopoietic systems. Due to these and other factors, it is possible that
these patients may die or suffer severe complications during the course of the
current pre-pivotal trials or future trials. For example, in the trials to
date, patients who have been in the transplant recovery process have died from
complications related to the patient's clinical condition that, according to the
physicians involved, were unrelated to the Aastrom CPS procedure. The Company
may experience delays in patient accruals in its current pre-pivotal clinical
trials or in future clinical trials, which could result in increased costs
associated with the clinical trials or delays in receiving regulatory approvals
and commercialization, if any. The results of preclinical studies and early
clinical trials of the Company's product candidates may not necessarily be
indicative of results that will be obtained from subsequent or more extensive
clinical trials. Further, there can be no assurance that pre-pivotal or pivotal
clinical trials of any of the Company's product candidates will demonstrate the
safety, reliability and efficacy of such products, or of the cells produced in
such products, to the extent necessary to obtain required regulatory approvals
or market acceptance. There
Page 13
can be no assurance that, even after the expenditures of substantial time and
financial resources, regulatory approval will be obtained for any products
developed by the Company.
The Company currently arranges for the manufacture of its product candidates and
their components, including certain cytokines, serum and media, with third
parties, and expects to continue to do so for the foreseeable future. There can
be no assurance that the Company's supply of such key cytokines, components,
product candidates and other materials will not become limited, be interrupted
or become restricted to certain geographic regions. There can also be no
assurance that the Company will be able to obtain alternative components and
materials from other manufacturers of acceptable quality, or on terms or in
quantities acceptable to the Company, if at all. Additionally, there can be no
assurance that the Company will not require additional cytokines, components and
other materials to manufacture, use or market its product candidates, or that
necessary key components will be available for use by the Company in the markets
where it intends to sell its products. In the event that any of the Company's
key manufacturers or suppliers fail to perform their respective obligations or
the Company's supply of such cytokines, components or other materials becomes
limited or interrupted, the Company would not be able to market its product
candidates on a timely and cost-competitive basis, if at all, which would have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations. Certain of the compounds used by the Company in its
current stem cell expansion process involve the use of animal derived products.
The availability of these compounds for clinical and commercial use may become
limited by suppliers or restricted by regulatory authorities, which may impose a
potential competitive disadvantage for the Company's products compared to
competing products and procedures. There can be no assurance that the Company
will not experience delays or disadvantages related to the future availability
of such materials. In order for the Company to market its products in Europe,
it must obtain a CE Mark from a Notified Body to certify that the Company and
its operations comply with certain minimum quality standards and compliance
procedures, or, alternatively, that its manufactured products meet a more
limited set of requirements. Additionally, the Company may be required to
comply with certain country-specific regulations in order to market its
products. There can be no assurance that the Company and its suppliers will be
able to meet these minimum requirements, or, if met, that the Company and its
suppliers will be able to maintain such compliance, such inability to maintain
these requirements would have a material adverse effect on the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Company is a development stage company and there can be no assurance that
its product candidates for cell therapy will be successful. The Company has not
yet completed the development and clinical trials of any of its product
candidates and, accordingly, has not yet begun to generate revenues from the
commercialization of any of its product candidates. The Company expects to
incur significant and increasing operating losses until commercialization of its
product candidates, primarily owing to the expansion of its research and
development programs, including preclinical studies and clinical trials. The
development of the Company's products will require the Company to raise
substantial additional funds or to seek collaborative partners, or both, to
finance related research and development activities. Because of the Company's
potential long-term funding requirements, it may attempt to access the public or
private equity markets if and whenever conditions are favorable, even if it does
not have an immediate need for additional capital at that time. There can be no
assurance that any such additional funding will be available to the Company
Page 14
on reasonable terms, or at all. Several factors will affect the Company's
ability to raise necessary additional funding, including market volatility of
the Company's stock and economic conditions affecting the public markets
generally or some portion or all of the technology sector. If adequate funds are
not available, the Company may be required to delay or terminate research and
development programs, curtail capital expenditures, and reduce business
development and other operating activities.
The Company has established a strategic alliance with Cobe for the worldwide
distribution of the Aastrom/TM/ CPS for stem cell therapy. Cobe has the right to
terminate its Distribution Agreement with the Company upon twelve months' notice
if Cobe determines that commercialization of the Aastrom/TM/ CPS for stem cell
therapy on or prior to December 31, 1998 is unlikely, or upon a change of
control of the Company, other than to Cobe. There can be no assurance that Cobe
will pursue the marketing and distribution of the Company's products, continue
to perform its obligations under its agreements with the Company or that the
Company's strategic alliance with Cobe will result in the successful
commercialization and distribution of the Company's technologies and product
candidates. There can also be no assurance that Cobe will be successful in its
efforts to market and distribute the Company's products for stem cell therapy.
These business considerations, and others, are discussed in more detail and
should be read in conjunction with the Business Risks and Risk Factors discussed
in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, and in the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-37439) declared effective in
November 1997.
Page 15
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 2. Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds
(c) On December 2, 1997, the Company issued 2,200,000 shares of its 5.5%
Convertible Preferred Stock ("Preferred Stock") in a registered direct
placement at a price of $5.00 per share.
Dividends on the Preferred Stock are cumulative, accrue on a quarterly basis
(on the last day of March, June, September and December of each year) at an
annual rate of $.275 per share and are payable within 30 days of each
accrual date. The payment of such dividends is senior in priority to
dividends on the Common Stock and must be on at least a pari passu basis
with any other series of preferred stock of the Company. At the Company's
option, the Company may pay dividends in either cash or shares of Common
Stock, valued on the basis of the then current market price of such shares.
In March 1998, the Company issued 28,947 shares of Common Stock valued at
approximately $152,000 in payment of the quarterly dividend declared as of
March 31, 1998. Such shares were issued to the holders of the Preferred
Stock pursuant to the exemption from the registration requirements of the
Securities Act provided by Section 4(2) thereof.
(d) The Company completed its initial public offering of securities pursuant to
a registration statement (File No. 333-15415) that was declared effective
on February 3, 1997. The net offering proceeds have been applied in the
following approximate amounts to the following categories.
Amount of direct or
indirect payments
to directors, officers,
general partners
or ten percent Amount of
shareholders or payments to
affiliates others
-------------------- -------------
Construction of plant, buildings and facilities $ - $ -
Purchase and installation of machinery and equipment - -
Purchase of real estate - -
Acquisition of other business(es) - -
Repayment of indebtedness - 173,000
Working capital and general corporate uses 113,000 2,907,000
Temporary investment - -
Product/clinical development - 11,921,000
Research and development - 4,771,000
--------------- ------------
Total $113,000 $19,772,000
=============== ============
Page 16
Item 6. - Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K
(a) Exhibits
--------
See Exhibit Index.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
-------------------
There were no reports on Form 8-K filed during the period.
Page 17
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
AASTROM BIOSCIENCES, INC.
Date: May 6, 1998 /s/ R. Douglas Armstrong
--------------------------------------
R. Douglas Armstrong, Ph.D.
President, Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)
Date: May 6, 1998 /s/ Todd E. Simpson
--------------------------------------
Todd E. Simpson
Vice President, Finance and Administration,
Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)
Page 18
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit No. Description of Document
- ------------------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.1* Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company.
3.2 Bylaws of the Company.
3.3*** Certificate of Designation of 5.5% Convertible Preferred Stock.
4.1** Amended and Restated Investors' Rights Agreement dated April 7, 1992.
4.2*** Amendment to Amended and Restated Investors' Rights Agreement, dated April 22, 1997.
27.1 Financial Data Schedule.
* Incorporated by reference to the Company's Report on Form 10-Q for the
quarter ended December 31, 1996, as filed on March 7, 1997.
** Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement
on Form S-1 (File No. 333-15415), declared effective on
February 3, 1997.
*** Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on
Form S-1 (File No. 333-37439), declared effective on November 25, 1997.
Page 19