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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K/A
AMENDMENT NO. 2
(MARK ONE)
[X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934.
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
OR
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934.
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM ____________ TO ___________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 0-19749
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)
DELAWARE 77-0295388
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION (I.R.S. EMPLOYER
OF INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NO.)
929 EAST ARQUES AVENUE, SUNNYVALE, CA 94086-4520
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES) (ZIP CODE)
REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (408) 773-8156
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT:
NONE
SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT:
COMMON STOCK, $.001 PAR VALUE
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [_]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the best of Registrant's knowledge, in definite proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [X]
As of February 25, 1998, there were 13,643,145 shares of the Registrant's
common stock, $0.001 par value, outstanding, which is the only outstanding
class of common or voting stock of the Registrant. As of that date, the
aggregate market value of the shares of common stock held by non-affiliates of
the Registrant (based on the closing price for the common stock as quoted by
the Nasdaq SmallCap Market on such date), was approximately $11,937,751.
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DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The Registrant has incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-
K, portions of its Proxy Statement for the 1998 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders, which is currently scheduled to be held on June 25, 1998.
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FISCAL 1997 FORM 10-K
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
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PART I
ITEM 1: BUSINESS.................................................... 3
ITEM 2: PROPERTIES.................................................. 20
ITEM 3: LEGAL PROCEEDINGS........................................... 20
ITEM 4: SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS......... 20
PART II
ITEM 5: MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED
STOCKHOLDER MATTERS......................................... 20
ITEM 6: SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA..................................... 21
ITEM 7: MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS................................... 21
ITEM 7A: QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.. 28
ITEM 8: FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA................. 29
ITEM 9: CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.................................... 29
PART III
ITEM 10: DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS ........................... 29
ITEM 11: EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION...................................... 29
ITEM 12: SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND
MANAGEMENT.................................................. 29
ITEM 13: CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS.............. 29
PART IV
ITEM 14: EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM
8-K......................................................... 30
2
PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Except for the historical information contained herein, the following
discussion may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"),
and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the
"Exchange Act"), that involve risks and uncertainties. The Company's actual
results could differ materially from those discussed here. Factors that could
cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those
discussed in the section entitled "Risk Factors."
GENERAL
OVERVIEW
ChemTrak Incorporated ("ChemTrak" or the "Company") develops, manufactures,
markets and sells personal medical diagnostic systems for consumer over-the-
counter ("OTC") markets, point-of-care markets and physician's office
laboratories worldwide.
The Company currently manufactures and distributes three products in the
United States: Parent's Alert(R) Home Drug Test Service, a counselor supported
home drug test service committed to helping parents prevent and eliminate drug
abuse by their children ("Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service"), the
CholesTrak(R) Home Cholesterol Test ("CholesTrak"); and ColoCARE(R), a Home
Test to Detect the Early Warning Signs of Colorectal Disease ("ColoCARE"). The
Company expects to begin marketing and distribution of two additional products
in 1998: the AccuMeter(R) H. pylori Test ("AccuMeter H. pylori Test"), a
physician's office test to determine the presence of bacterium associated with
gastric and peptic ulcers; and the AccuMeter(R) Theophylline Test ("AccuMeter
Theophylline Test"), a point-of-care quantitative assay for theophylline, a
commonly prescribed bronchodilator used by asthmatics. The CholesTrak,
AccuMeter H. pylori Test, and AccuMeter Theophylline Test are based on the
AccuMeter(R) ("AccuMeter") cassette system, a patented, non-instrumented,
hand-held diagnostic technology. The AccuMeter cassette system is a technology
applicable to a broad range of general chemistry and immunoassay tests
designed to screen and diagnose health conditions with accuracy comparable to
physician office and laboratory instrument tests.
The Company's home test service permits consumers to take diagnostic tests
in the privacy of their homes, mail samples to a certified testing laboratory,
and receive confidential results and counseling from ChemTrak's credentialed
counselors. The Company is in the process of developing home test services for
a variety of other health conditions including diabetes, osteoporosis,
menopause and prostate cancer.
ChemTrak's products are available through most major chain drug stores and
mass merchandisers.
ChemTrak was incorporated in California in 1985 and reincorporated in
Delaware in 1992. The Company's principal executive offices are located at 929
East Arques Avenue, Sunnyvale, California 94086-4520, its telephone number is
(408) 773-8156 and its fax number is (408) 773-1651. The Company also has a
web site at www.chemtrak.com.
INDUSTRY BACKGROUND
The diagnostic testing industry is experiencing continued growth as health
care providers and payors recognize that regular diagnostic testing can result
in earlier detection of diseases and more effective treatment, in turn helping
reduce the overall cost of health care. According to industry sources, the OTC
market for home health tests in the United States increased from $602 million
in 1992 to over $1.4 billion in 1996, representing a 24.5% compounded annual
growth rate. It is expected to grow to nearly $2.4 billion by the year 2001.
The market
3
expansion for home diagnostic products is due to, among other factors, a
growing emphasis on preventive care in the medical community, a greater public
involvement in health maintenance, and an increase in the ease of use and
accuracy of home testing products.
As innovative and cost-effective technology becomes available, diagnostic
testing is gradually migrating from high volume clinical laboratories to
point-of-care sites, such as clinics, physicians' offices, homes and emergency
rooms. Although clinical laboratories will continue to provide batch testing,
the Company believes that a market is emerging for point-of-care diagnostics
which will result in earlier and more frequent testing. Point-of-care testing
eliminates many of the inconveniences and costs incurred when using remotely
located laboratories, such as specimen collection, preservation,
transportation, processing and reporting of results.
Preventive health care is emerging as a primary focus of medical
intervention, and consumer self-testing is becoming an important part of
preventative health care as individuals become increasingly aware of and
involved with their own health. Several self-tests, including those for blood
glucose, pregnancy, ovulation, fecal occult blood and various urine
components, are used as physicians and patients realize their potential for
promoting improved health care. None of these tests, however, gives accurate,
quantitative results without an instrument.
Age-related diseases are becoming increasingly prevalent. There are
currently approximately 85 million Americans over age 45; this number is
expected to increase by 55% by the year 2000 as the "baby boom" generation
reaches the half-century mark. By the year 2000, 44% of the total United
States population will be over age 45. Many conditions such as high
cholesterol, diabetes, menopause, osteoporosis, colorectal disease and
prostate cancer are much more prevalent in the older population than in the
population generally, creating a sizeable market for self-tests for these
conditions.
CHEMTRAK'S PLATFORMS
ChemTrak's products are based on the following two platforms:
THE ACCUMETER CASSETTE SYSTEM
The AccuMeter cassette system is a non-instrumented proprietary technology
platform for the measurement of analytes in biological fluids. The technology
combines blood separation, sample volume measurement and chromatography in a
single disposable cassette, giving accurate results in about 15 minutes. The
cassette automatically performs the following four steps; (i) separates the
blood derived from a fingerstick sample, (ii) precisely measures the amount
needed to deliver accurate quantitative results, (iii) adds the reagents, and
(iv) provides results via a thermometer-like scale on the cassette. The
Company believes that its AccuMeter cassette system is an enabling technology
and will be applicable to a broad range of general chemistry and immunoassay
tests. Unlike tests performed in clinical laboratories, where results may not
be available for days, the Company's AccuMeter tests provide results within
minutes.
THE HOME TEST SERVICE
ChemTrak's home test service uses proprietary software to provide consumers
with confidential results and counseling services by credentialed
professionals in the privacy of their own homes. ChemTrak's service uses a
unique personal identification code to track the sample from receipt to
laboratory processing to dissemination of results. The Company believes
confidentiality and counseling are particularly important in cases in which
sensitive information or intense emotions are involved. The Company's staff of
credentialed counselors provide immediate support for consumers and referral
to more long-term services in the consumer's geographical area.
A brief description of each of the Company's products and proposed products
follows.
4
DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
PARENT'S ALERT HOME DRUG TEST SERVICE
The Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service was created to help parents
prevent teen drug abuse. Company research shows that parents are open to the
idea of home drug testing. Research also shows that over 20 million households
in the United States have a child between the ages of 12 and 17 representing a
total potential market of $165 million. The Company intends to pursue this
market with the Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service, the only counselor
supported drug abuse test available. Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service,
retailing for approximately $44.95, helps parents in many aspects of
preventing and eliminating drug use by their children -- including education,
communication, counseling, and detection.
Drug abuse is a serious problem in the United States. A Columbia University
study showed that between 1992 and 1996, 51% of high school seniors reported
trying illegal drugs and one in ten reported smoking marijuana daily. In 1996,
25% of nine to 12 year olds were offered drugs.
The Company's market studies indicate that approximately 80% of mothers with
children between the ages of 11 and 17 believe it is appropriate to test their
children for drugs. Of these mothers, 42% preferred anonymous home testing as
a means of conducting such a test and 18% indicated a strong interest in
buying a product such as Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service.
To conduct the test, parents obtain and mail a urine sample in a sealed
collection cup, identified only by a unique identification code to assure
anonymity, in prepaid overnight Airborne Express shipping materials to a
contracted laboratory certified by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health
Services Administration. To obtain results, parents call a special toll-free
number, again using the code as identification. Credentialed counselors,
available five days a week, interpret and explain the test results, answer
questions, and help parents identify the appropriate next steps depending on
the test results. Results are available within three to five days. The
Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service detects the eight drugs most commonly
abused by teens, including marijuana, cocaine and crack cocaine, opiates
(heroin, morphine, codeine), amphetamines, methamphetamines, LSD, barbiturates
and benzodiazepines. It is a fast, accurate and comprehensive test that
provides parents with access to confidential counseling services.
In 1998, the Company will focus on television advertising and public
relations to support retail distribution and to increase parental awareness
about Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service as an effective tool to identify
and combat drug abuse by teens. This type of home drug test is currently
governed by United States Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") interim
guidelines that permit its distribution without formal marketing clearance
from the FDA. See "Government Regulation" and "Risk Factors--Government
Regulation."
In April 1997, the Company signed an agreement with Parent's Alert, Inc.,
under which it obtained the right to market and sell the Parent's Alert, Inc.
test for drug abuse in conjunction with ChemTrak's home test service. The
Company will pay royalties to Parent's Alert, Inc. based on product sales
subject to certain minimum royalty payments. The initial term of the agreement
is seven years, automatically renewable for successive one-year terms
thereafter. ChemTrak may terminate the agreement if there is a change in the
FDA interim guideline policy that has a material adverse effect on ChemTrak's
ability to market the product. Either party may terminate the agreement in the
event specified royalty and sales milestones are not met. In addition, the
Company signed a three-year contract with Parent's Alert and Ms. Sunny Cloud,
the president of Parent's Alert, Inc., pursuant to which Ms. Cloud agreed to
provide consulting services in connection with the marketing and promotion of
the product.
CHOLESTRAK HOME CHOLESTEROL TEST
Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States
with over 960,000 deaths in 1995. Approximately 60 million people in the
United States have dangerously high (over 240mg/dl) cholesterol levels and
more than 12 million are trying to lower and/or control their cholesterol
levels through diet and exercise. The National Cholesterol Education Program
suggests that people with cholesterol levels above 240mg/dl test their
cholesterol level every three months. ChemTrak's test enables people to
measure their cholesterol levels frequently without expensive and inconvenient
doctor visits.
5
CholesTrak was the first commercially available cholesterol test designed
for home use. The AccuMeter-based test received FDA 510(k) clearance for
professional use in 1991 (under the name AccuMeter Total Cholesterol Test) and
for consumer use in 1993. CholesTrak provides an easy, accurate and reliable
means for people to monitor their own cholesterol levels. The test, retailing
for approximately $12, is widely distributed to pharmacy chains, mass
merchandisers and wholesalers through a broker network and is supported by
national advertising and promotion.
ChemTrak's sales of CholesTrak were $2.3 million in 1997, representing 82%
of the Company's overall sales.
COLOCARE, A HOME TEST TO DETECT THE EARLY WARNING SIGNS OF COLORECTAL DISEASE
ChemTrak began selling ColoCARE in March 1997. ColoCARE tests for the early
warning signs of colorectal disease, which includes colon cancer,
diverticulitis and hemorrhoids. The test has been cleared for marketing by the
FDA under 510(k) and retails for approximately $7.00. It is sold under a
license and distribution agreement with the test's developer, Helena
Laboratories, Ltd.
Colorectal cancer now accounts for over 134,000 new cases diagnosed
annually. It is the nation's second leading cancer killer with 55,000 American
deaths each year. According to the American Cancer Society and the American
Gastroenterological Society (the "AGS"), this type of test can be as effective
in detecting the early warning signs of colorectal disease as mammograms are
for breast cancer detection. There are over 70 million adults over age 50 in
the United States today. For persons over the age of 50, the AGS believes that
annual screening tests for the early warning signs of colorectal cancer, where
positive results are followed up with a doctor's visit, could reduce deaths
caused by colorectal cancer by as much as one-third.
ColoCARE is non-invasive, sanitary and easy to use in the privacy of the
bathroom. A chemically treated pad is floated on the surface of the toilet
water following a bowel movement and it turns blue or green within 30 seconds
if hidden blood is present in detectable amounts. The presence of blood in the
stool is a recognized early warning sign of colorectal disease. The user notes
any color change, records the information and flushes the toilet. No sample
handling is required. It is necessary to test three consecutive bowel
movements. If during any of the tests there is a color change, a physician
should be consulted as soon as possible. The test, recently evaluated in an
independent research study conducted by a nationally recognized physician, was
found to be superior to three other fecal occult blood screening tests in
detecting cancer or pre-cancerous polyps.
THE ACCUMETER H. PYLORI TEST
H. pylori is a primary causative agent of gastric and peptic ulcers and, if
left untreated, is associated with a high incidence of stomach cancer. H.
pylori, which afflicts an estimated 40% of the United States population, is
found in approximately 90% of patients with peptic ulcers and 70% of patients
with gastric ulcers. Research has shown that once H. pylori is eliminated, the
average one-year recurrence rate of ulcers is approximately 10%, compared to a
50% to 70% recurrence rate for ulcers treated with traditional histamine-2
receptor antagonists drugs ("H2RAs") alone.
Each year, in the United States alone, there are over 40 million office
visits for gastritis, one of the symptoms of a possible ulcer. In 1996, the
worldwide market for medications containing H2RAs, which are used to treat
gastric ulcers, exceeded $7 billion.
H. pylori is usually detected either through endoscopy procedures performed
by physicians or by experimental breath tests using special equipment.
Clinical laboratories now perform a growing number of direct immunoassays for
the antibodies to H. pylori in serum samples. The AccuMeter H. pylori Test is
a one-step, whole blood test that will indicate in minutes the presence or
absence of H. pylori antibodies. Endoscopies are invasive, expensive and
require trained personnel to administer, in contrast to ChemTrak's test, which
is less
6
invasive, relatively inexpensive and easy to use. The Company's AccuMeter H.
Pylori Test, its first test for infectious diseases, was cleared by the FDA
for professional use in 1996 and received further 510(k) clearance for
improved accuracy claims in March 1997.
THE ACCUMETER THEOPHYLLINE TEST
Theophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat the reversible spasms
associated with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. Approximately six
million patients take theophylline to relieve or prevent these symptoms.
Theophylline allows air to move more freely into and out of the lungs by
relaxing the smooth muscle of the bronchial airways. The theophylline dosage
must be periodically monitored to maintain a safe and effective concentration
in the blood. Approximately 35 million tests for theophylline are performed
annually, making it one of the most frequent tests given.
In February 1997, ChemTrak received FDA 510(k) clearance to market its
AccuMeter Theophylline Test. By monitoring concentration levels in the blood,
the AccuMeter Theophylline Test allows doctors to treat asthma sufferers
safely and confidently. Currently, most theophylline testing requires costly
instrumentation that is not suitable for use in physician offices. ChemTrak's
test enables physicians to monitor theophylline drug levels with ease during a
single office visit.
ACCUMETER PRODUCTS UNDER DEVELOPMENT
ChemTrak is developing various new products based on the AccuMeter platform.
These include diagnostic tests for menopause, prostate cancer, thyroid
stimulating hormone, and an IGE test for allergic conditions.
There can be no assurance that the Company will develop or complete
development of any of its future products, that such products will receive
marketing approval by the FDA or foreign regulatory authorities or that any
current or future products will be manufactured in commercial quantities or
marketed successfully.
HOME TEST SERVICES UNDER DEVELOPMENT
The Company is developing home test service products for the measurement of
glycosylated hemoglobin (Hbalc), which will allow diabetics and their
physicians to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of diabetes therapy,
menopause, osteoporosis and prostate cancer. Each such proposed test service
product would include a blood or urine collection kit, directions for the
consumer to send the sample to a laboratory for analysis, and ChemTrak's home
test reporting service toll-free telephone number.
There can be no assurance that the Company will develop or complete
development of any of its future products, that such products will receive
marketing approval by the FDA or foreign regulatory authorities or that any
current or future products will be manufactured in commercial quantities or
marketed successfully.
In February 1995, the Company acquired Coonan Clinical Laboratories, Inc.
("Coonan Clinical Laboratories"), a company engaged in research and
development of a home HIV test service. The Company believed that the
acquisition of Coonan Clinical Laboratories would accelerate the time to
market for a home HIV test service product. The Company filed a pre-market
approval for the AWARE(TM) Home HIV Test Service ("AWARE Home HIV Test
Service") with the FDA in 1995 and amended it in 1996. In June 1997, the
Company received a letter from the FDA in which the FDA asked for a
significant amount of clarification and additional information for the filing.
Due to the substantial expense and lengthy response process, along with the
lack of development of a significant HIV home test market, the Company decided
to withdraw its application. The Company's agreement with Selfcare, Inc.
("Selfcare") for the European distribution of the AWARE Home HIV Test Service
was terminated by Selfcare because FDA market clearance was not received by
the end of 1997.
7
SALES AND MARKETING
ChemTrak's sales and marketing strategy is to expand its presence in the
home diagnostics category through fulfillment of consumer health needs,
addressing the issues of target markets and empowering individuals to take a
more proactive role in their personal health care. The Company intends to take
advantage of the emergence of preventative health care and consumer self-
testing, focusing principally on the United States population over age 45 with
its higher prevalence of conditions such as high cholesterol, colorectal
disease, diabetes, menopause, osteoporosis, prostate cancer and other age-
related diseases.
In addition to its own sales force, ChemTrak has agreements with a number of
broker organizations servicing the consumer retail market. These organizations
receive a percentage of sales based upon performance. It sells to chain drug
stores, mass merchandisers and natural/health food stores in the United
States. In 1997, ChemTrak's home diagnostic test products were available at
more than 20,000 chain drug stores. The Company also advertises and promotes
its products to key population segments.
Professional markets in the United States are served through a number of
arrangements with pharmaceutical companies and medical product distributors.
Through its corporate partner alliances and a network of international
distributors, ChemTrak expects to more effectively reach the international
consumer retail and United States physician's office markets. ChemTrak has in
effect material contractual distribution relationships with the following
corporate partners:
THE BOOTS COMPANY PLC ("BOOTS"). In December 1991, the Company entered
into a multi-year agreement with Boots for the sale of its cholesterol test
under Boots' brand name in the United Kingdom. Boots is a diversified
company and includes Boots The Chemists, a 1,069 store pharmacy division of
Boots.
JOKOH CO., LTD. JAPAN ("JOKOH"). In May 1996, ChemTrak completed a
licensing and distribution agreement with Jokoh to introduce ChemTrak's
non-instrumented, quantitative, whole-blood test for the asthma drug
theophylline into the Japanese marketplace. The test has not yet been
approved by Japanese authorities. If approved, the Company believes that
its AccuMeter Theophylline Test will be the only non-instrumented,
quantitative, whole-blood test for theophylline offered in Japan. Jokoh
specializes in clinical laboratory analytical product manufacturing and
marketing.
ORION DIAGNOSTICA INC. ("ORION"). In March 1995, ChemTrak signed a three-
year agreement with Orion Diagnostica, the United States division of a
Finland-based worldwide manufacturer and marketer of diagnostic tests,
granting it the right to market the Company's cholesterol test under its
own name to physician offices, hospitals and commercial laboratories
through its direct sales force as well as a network of medical surgical
sales representatives throughout the United States.
Boots is permitted to market and distribute products competitive with those
of the Company; none of the Company's other corporate partners are permitted
to do so. Generally, the agreements are terminable upon a material breach by
either party. There can be no assurance that the foregoing corporate partner
alliances, or any such future arrangements, will not be terminated prematurely
by the Company's corporate partners, that the Company's corporate partners
will purchase products or that such corporate partners will successfully
market and sell the Company's products. Termination of any of these agreements
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. In addition, there can be no assurance
that these corporate partners will meet their projected sales volumes, that
the Company will be successful in retaining these corporate alliances or that
it will be able to enter into additional alliances on acceptable terms if at
all. In addition, the Company has distribution arrangements with a number of
independent health care supply organizations, domestically and worldwide. See
"Risk Factors--Reliance on Corporate Partners."
MANUFACTURING
ChemTrak currently uses two automated production lines in its 58,000 square
foot facility for the manufacture, assembly and packaging of its AccuMeter
tests, including approximately 23,000 square feet
8
dedicated to manufacturing. The Company's two production lines have a total
capacity of up to 12 million units a year, which could permit the Company to
substantially increase its product output without any significant new
investment in manufacturing equipment. Federal and state inspections have
found the Company's facility to be in substantial compliance with the FDA's
current Quality System Regulations ("QSR").
PATENTS AND PROPRIETARY TECHNOLOGY
The Company has pursued a patent portfolio to protect its technology. The
Company has 14 United States patents with expiration dates between 2007 and
2010, five patents pending and nine foreign patents. The issued patents cover
inventions relating to the basic principles of the AccuMeter technology,
including blood separation and sample metering, as well as the physical
components of the AccuMeter cassette system. The pending patent applications
cover additional technologies and applications of the AccuMeter system. The
Company's policy is to file patent applications to protect technology,
inventions and improvements that are important to the development of its
business. The Company also relies upon trade secrets, knowledge, continuing
technological innovation and licensing opportunities to develop and maintain
its competitive position.
ChemTrak licenses certain parts of its AccuMeter technology from Boehringer
Mannheim GmbH and Miles Inc. under non-exclusive royalty-bearing license
agreements. The Company has entered into a nonexclusive royalty-bearing
license agreement with Organon Teknika B.V., a subsidiary of AKZO Nobel, to
practice the sol particle immunoassay technology used in the Company's
AccuMeter H. pylori Test.
ChemTrak requires its employees, consultants and advisors to execute
confidentiality agreements upon the commencement of an employment or
consulting relationship with the Company. Each agreement provides that all
confidential information developed or made known to the individual during the
course of the relationship will be kept confidential and not disclosed to
third parties except in specified circumstances. In the case of employees, the
agreements provide that all inventions conceived of by an individual shall be
the exclusive property of the Company, other than inventions unrelated to the
Company's business and developed entirely on the employee's own time.
GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION
Some of ChemTrak's products are regulated under the 1976 and 1990 device
amendments to the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (the "Amendments"), which, among
other things, classify devices into three categories (Class I, II and III)
over which the FDA maintains increasing levels of regulation. Although some of
ChemTrak's products may be classified as Class III, the majority of ChemTrak's
products are or are expected to be classified as Class I or Class II devices.
Prior to marketing any of these devices, the Company must obtain pre-clearance
from the FDA, either through the 510(k) notification process or the pre-market
approval ("PMA") process. If a product is a new Class III device, it requires
a PMA. The PMA process is lengthy, usually taking approximately 18 to 30
months from the date of submission. The Company believes that the majority of
its products can be cleared using the 510(k) notification process, which
generally takes approximately six to 12 months from submission. The 510(k)
notification process for the Company's CholesTrak took 18 months.
Because all devices new to the marketplace after 1976 are automatically
classified as Class III devices (unless they have been reclassified), the
Company must, among other things, demonstrate that the product to be marketed
is "substantially equivalent" to another legally marketed device in order to
obtain 510(k) clearance. Test data from clinical trials may be required to
demonstrate "substantial equivalence." These tests must be conducted in
accordance with FDA requirements. The Company may commence marketing the
product only after the FDA issues a written order finding that "substantial
equivalence" has been established. By requesting additional data, the FDA can
further delay the Company's market introduction of its products. Failure to
obtain such FDA clearance for its future products could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations, as well as its relationships with its corporate partners.
9
A PMA application must be filed if a proposed device is not substantially
equivalent to a legally marketed Class I or Class II device, or if it is a
Class III device for which the FDA has called for PMA's. A PMA application
must be supported by valid scientific evidence that typically includes
extensive data, including pre-clinical and human clinical trial data to
demonstrate safety and efficacy of the device.
The PMA application must also contain the results of all relevant bench
tests, laboratory and animal studies, a complete description of the device and
its components, and a detailed description of the methods, facilities and
controls used to manufacture the device. In addition, the submission must
include the proposed labeling, advertising literature and training methods (if
required). Upon receipt of a PMA application, the FDA makes a threshold
determination as to whether the application is sufficiently complete to permit
a substantive review; if so, the FDA will accept the application for filing.
Once the submission is accepted for filing, the FDA begins an in-depth review
of the PMA. An FDA review of a PMA application generally takes 18 to 30 months
from the date the PMA application is accepted for filing, but may take
significantly longer. The review time is often significantly extended by the
FDA asking for more information or clarification of information already
provided in the submission. During the review period, an advisory committee,
typically a panel of clinicians, likely will be convened to review and
evaluate the application and provide recommendations to the FDA as to whether
the device should be approved. The FDA is not bound by the recommendations of
the advisory panel. Toward the end of the PMA review process, the FDA
generally will conduct an inspection of the manufacturer's facilities to
ensure the facilities are in compliance with the applicable QSR requirements.
Use of a medical device for applications not covered in a 510(k)
notification or a PMA, or modifications to a device that has been cleared to
market through a 510(k) notification or an approved PMA, its labeling, or its
manufacturing process, may require submission of a new 510(k) notification, a
new PMA or a PMA supplement. New 510(k) notifications, PMA's or PMA
supplements often require the submission of the same type of information
required for the original submission except that it is generally limited to
that information needed to support the proposed change from the product
covered by the original submission. There can be no assurance that the Company
will be able to obtain necessary regulatory approvals on a timely basis, or at
all.
The Amendments also require the Company to manufacture its products in
compliance with the FDA's current QSR regulations and to register its
manufacturing facility and its products. The Company has registered its
facility and its products with the FDA. The Company has also registered its
manufacturing facility with the Department of Health Services of the State of
California, as required. Federal and state inspections have found the
Company's facility to be in substantial compliance with the QSR regulatory
requirements for its products. However, there can be no assurance that the
Company's facility will continue to satisfy QSR regulations. The QSR
regulations impose additional requirements, such as reporting obligations and
restrictions on promotional activities. In addition, the manufacture, sale or
use of the Company's products is subject to regulation by other federal
entities, such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the
Environmental Protection Agency, and by various state agencies. Federal and
state regulations regarding the manufacture, sale or use of the Company's
products are subject to future change, which could have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
COMPETITION
The Company knows of a number of United States companies that are developing
products that may be used by the physicians' office or in consumer retail
markets, some of which may be competitive with the Company's current and
proposed products. There can be no assurance that the Company's products will
be competitive with existing or future products, or that the Company will be
able to establish and maintain a profitable price structure for its products.
CHOLESTEROL TESTING: Currently, ChemTrak's competition for cholesterol
testing in the physicians' office market consists mainly of clinical
laboratories and companies offering instrumented tests. Several major
diagnostic companies market instruments to physicians and hospitals that are
capable of testing for whole blood
10
cholesterol with accuracy similar to that of CholesTrak. The Company believes,
however, that such instruments possess significant disadvantages in that they
are expensive to purchase, operate and maintain. The Company is aware of only
one other potential competitor in the home cholesterol test market, a non-
instrumented test that was recently introduced by Technical Chemical Products,
Inc. ("TCPI"). The TCPI test provides only qualitative results, however, while
CholesTrak provides a quantitative result, showing actual cholesterol level.
TCPI has withdrawn its product from the market after discussions with the FDA
regarding its clearance.
COLORECTAL CANCER TESTING: The Company is aware of another company which
markets a home fecal occult blood test for colorectal screening that can be
thrown in the toilet bowl. Other more traditional methods such as guaiac
tests, which use stool sample collection, also compete with ColoCARE. A recent
independent study of four fecal occult blood screening tests found that only
ColoCARE detected the presence of precancerous polyps. The study also found
that ColoCARE showed the highest positive predictive value for the detection
of all types of polyps.
H. PYLORI TESTING: The Company is aware of other companies, such as Quidel
Corp. and Meridien Incorporated, that have developed tests for H. pylori that
have received FDA clearance for the physicians' office market. The Company's
research indicates that its AccuMeter H. pylori Test has the highest
sensitivity level of any test on the market.
DRUG ABUSE TESTING: The Company is aware of other United States companies,
such as Psychemedics Corporation and Personal Health & Hygiene Inc., that have
developed home tests to detect drug abuse. Psychemedics Corporation uses hair
samples. Hair testing can not detect casual, recent drug use with the same
accuracy as urine testing. Personal Health and Hygiene Inc. uses urine
samples, but does not offer counseling services. The Company is not aware of
any other drug home testing service which provides the counseling services
offered with the Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service or which tests for the
eight drugs most commonly abused by teens.
THEOPHYLLINE TESTING: In the point-of-care market, the Company is not aware
of any companies that have received FDA clearance for non-instrumented
theophylline tests.
EMPLOYEES
The Company currently has 40 full-time employees, including three Ph.D.'s.
Four of the Company's employees are in research and development, 23 are in
manufacturing operations, seven are in marketing and sales and six are in
administration. No Company employee is represented by a labor union, and the
Company has not experienced any work stoppages. The Company considers its
employee relations to be good.
11
MANAGEMENT
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The executive officers of the Company as of December 31, 1997 are set forth
below:
NAME AGE POSITION
---- --- --------
Edward F. Covell............ 53 President, Chief Executive Officer and Director
Prithipal Singh, Ph.D....... 58 Chairman of the Board and Chief Technical Officer
Donald V. Fluken............ 56 Chief Financial Officer, Vice President, Finance, and Secretary
Niquette L. Hunt............ 33 Vice President, Sales and Marketing
Subba Rao Gunupudi,
Ph.D.(1)................... 51 Vice President, Research and Development
Thomas M. Waugh(2).......... 53 Vice President, Operations
- --------
(1) Dr. Gunupudi, currently a consultant to the Company, resigned as Vice
President, Research and Development in January 1998.
(2) Mr. Waugh resigned as Vice President, Operations effective in February
1998.
EDWARD F. COVELL was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer of the
Company in January 1997, after having served as President and Chief Operating
Officer from May 1996 when he joined the Company. He was elected a director of
the Company in August 1996. Prior to joining the Company, from 1994 to 1996,
Mr. Covell was a management consultant focusing on the OTC medical device
market. From 1992 to 1994, he was President and Chief Operating Officer of
MedChem Products, Inc., a manufacturer of medical devices. Mr. Covell held a
series of increasingly responsible positions with Tambrands Inc., a consumer
health care products company, from 1980 through 1990, including Corporate Vice
President and General Manager of the Diagnostics Division. Prior to joining
Tambrands, Mr. Covell held various domestic and international management and
product development positions with the Kendall Company, a diversified
manufacturing company.
PRITHIPAL SINGH, PH.D., a founder of the Company, has served as a director
of the Company since 1985 and Chairman of the Board since 1988. Dr. Singh also
served as a President of the Company from 1988 to 1993, as Chief Executive
Officer from 1988 to January 1997, and has served as Chief Technical Officer
since January 1997. From 1985 to 1988, Dr. Singh was a senior Vice President
of Idetek, Inc., an animal health care company. Prior to joining Idetek, Dr.
Singh was a Vice President of Syva Corp., a diagnostics company. Dr. Singh is
also a director of Abaxis, Inc.
DONALD V. FLUKEN, Chief Financial Officer, Vice President, Finance and
Secretary, joined the Company in April 1997. Prior to joining the Company, in
1996, he was Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Andros, Inc., a
leading manufacturer of gas analyzers used for medical and environmental
applications. From 1995 to 1996, he served as the Chief Financial Officer of
Physicians Eyecare Network, a managed care provider network. From 1993 to
1994, he served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of BioGenex
Laboratories, a diagnostics company. From 1983 to 1993, Mr. Fluken was the
President of Results Management Inc., a corporate financial management
consulting organization. He served as an interim Chief Financial Officer for a
number of high technology companies during this period. He also held senior
financial management positions with Microscience International, Measurex,
Wordstar, Varian Associates, Levi Strauss & Company and Bell & Howell Company.
NIQUETTE L. HUNT, Vice President, Sales and Marketing, joined the Company in
December 1996 to lead the Company's domestic OTC marketing effort. Prior to
joining the Company, she served as a Category Manager for Warner Lambert
Company in its upper respiratory product group, which includes the Sudafed,
Benadryl and Actifed brands. Prior to that she served as the Team
Leader/Senior Product Manager for the Lubriderm and Benadryl brands. From 1987
to 1993 she was a brand manager for The Procter & Gamble Company, Inc. in the
Health and Beauty Care sector, where she managed several leading products
including Pantene, Pert Plus, Head & Shoulders and Prell. Prior to Joining
Procter and Gamble, Ms. Hunt began her career in banking, working for J. P.
Morgan.
12
SUBBA RAO GUNUPUDI, PH.D., joined the Company as Director, Research and
Development, in March 1996 and was elected Vice President, Research and
Development in March 1997. Dr. Gunupudi, currently a consultant to the
Company, resigned from the Company as Vice President, Research and Development
in January 1998. Prior to joining ChemTrak, Dr. Gunupudi was a Manager and
Group Leader for Technology and Product Development at Genzyme Diagnostics
from 1992 to 1996. From 1988 to 1992 he was a project leader/senior scientist
at Adeza Biomedical Corp. developing new diagnostic tests for gynecological
diseases. Before joining the diagnostic industry, he held several positions
from Research Associate to Assistant Professor at Temple University School of
Medicine.
THOMAS M. WAUGH, Vice President, Operations, joined the Company in May 1997.
Mr. Waugh resigned from the Company effective February 1998. Prior to joining
the Company, Mr. Waugh was a manufacturing consultant for Palomar Medical
Technologies, Inc., a medical laser manufacturer. From 1992 to 1996 he was
Vice President of Operations for American Dental Technologies, Inc., a dental
laser manufacturing company. From 1989 to 1992, Mr. Waugh was a product
manager for Surface Science Instruments Inc. where he developed a new chemical
analysis instrument for the surface chemistry market. From 1988 to 1989 he
served as Vice President Operations for Meicor Inc., a manufacturer of high
power X-ray tubes.
TECHNICAL AND BUSINESS ADVISORS
The Company periodically draws on the expertise of several advisors and
consultants in fields related to the Company's technology and business. The
following technical and business advisors consult with the Company on a
frequent basis.
RICHARD BASTIANI PH.D., has served as an advisor to the Company since August
1995. Dr. Bastiani is the President of Activated Cell Therapy, Inc. in
Mountain View, California. Prior to joining Activated Cell Therapy, Inc., Dr.
Bastiani was with Syva Co. for over 23 years where he held various management
positions such as Vice President, Health Diagnostics Product Division, Vice
President, Worldwide Marketing and Sales, and also as President from 1991 to
1994.
RONALD BRESLOW, PH.D., has served as an advisor to the Company since May
1988. Dr. Breslow, a Professor of Chemistry at Columbia University, is a
winner of the Arthur C. Cope and the National Medal of Science awards. Dr.
Breslow's research focuses on organic chemistry and synthetic enzymology. Dr.
Breslow advises the Company on various aspects of diagnostic technology.
ALLEN D. COOPER, M.D., has served as an advisor to the Company since June
1990. Dr. Cooper is the Director of the Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research
Institute and a Professor of Medicine at Stanford University. Dr. Cooper is a
specialist in internal medicine and lipid disorders. Dr. Cooper advises the
Company regarding patient treatment issues.
BERTRAM ROWLAND, PH.D., J.D., has served as an advisor to the Company since
June 1987. Dr. Rowland was a patent attorney with the law firm of Flehr,
Hobach, Test, Albritton & Herbert and remains of counsel to that firm. Dr.
Rowland advises the Company on intellectual property matters. Since 1991, Dr.
Rowland has been the President of Drug Abuse Sciences Co. a disease management
company for the treatment and rehabilitation of substance abusers.
ERNEST M. TUCKER III, M.D., has served as an advisor to the Company since
September 1992. Dr. Tucker is Chairman of the Department of Pathology for the
Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation in La Jolla, California. He advises the
Company regarding technical and clinical issues.
MALCOLM JOZOFF has served as an advisor as well as a director of the Company
since December 1993. Mr. Jozoff is the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of
The Dial Corporation, a consumer products company.
13
RISK FACTORS
This section summarizes certain risks, among others, that should be
considered by stockholders and prospective investors in the Company. Many of
these risks are discussed in other sections of this report.
HISTORY OF LOSSES AND ACCUMULATED DEFICIT, FLUCTUATIONS IN OPERATING RESULTS
The Company has incurred operating losses due to the limited number of its
revenue-generating products and the high cost relative to sales of developing
and marketing consumer medical devices. As of December 31, 1997, the Company
had an accumulated deficit of $41.5 million. There can be no assurance that
the Company will ever achieve profitability, or that profitability, if
achieved, can be sustained on an ongoing basis. In addition, the Company has
historically experienced significant fluctuations in its operating results on
a quarterly and annual basis and anticipates that these fluctuations may
continue. See "--Reliance on Small Product Line" and "Management's Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
FUTURE CAPITAL NEEDS; UNCERTAINTY OF ADDITIONAL FUNDING; GOING CONCERN
QUALIFICATION OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
The development and marketing of consumer medical devices is capital
intensive. The Company has funded its operations to date through public and
private equity and debt financing and product sales. The Company's available
cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and revenues from existing
collaborations, together with anticipated product revenues will not be
sufficient to meet its capital requirements through the second quarter of
1998. The Company's accountants have issued a report that emphasizes
substantial doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.
In order to continue operations, the Company will need to seek additional debt
or equity financing. There can be no assurance that such financing will be
obtained on satisfactory terms or at all. See "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations."
The Company has sought and intends to seek additional funding through
collaborative agreements with corporate partners, term loans secured by fixed
assets, and/or additional equity or debt financing. There can be no assurance
that the Company will be able to enter into such arrangements on acceptable
terms, or at all. If additional funds are raised by offering equity
securities, substantial dilution to stockholders will result. To obtain funds
through collaborative arrangements, the Company may be required to relinquish
certain right to its technologies or products. If adequate funds are not
available, the Company's operations will be adversely affected, and it may be
required to delay or eliminate one or more of its development programs. In
January 1998, the Company sold and issued shares of its Preferred Stock and
plans to sell and issue additional shares of its Preferred Stock. For a period
of 120 days following the issuance of the Preferred Stock, the Company may not
issue any equity, convertible debt or other securities, or conduct any public
or private offering, without the consent of the holders of the Preferred
Stock, which consent may not be unreasonably withheld. The Preferred Stock
will be convertible into shares of Common Stock pursuant to a conversion
formula that is substantially dilutive to current shareholders. The conversion
of the Preferred Stock will result in substantial dilution to stockholders.
The Company is seeking stockholder approval at its Annual Meeting of
Stockholders for the sale of Preferred Stock whose conversion into shares of
Common Stock may be equal to or greater than 20% of the Common Stock or voting
power of the Company. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations--Liquidity."
In addition, the report of the Company's independent accountants for the
year ended December 31, 1997, contains a qualification as to the Company's
ability to continue as a going concern. The Company's ability to continue as a
going concern is dependent in large part upon the successful completion of
proposed financing transactions. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations--Liquidity and Capital
Resources" and Report of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P., Independent Accountants,
included in the Financial Statements.
14
PERSONNEL CHANGES; DEPENDENCE ON KEY PERSONNEL
The Company is highly dependent upon a small group of management,
manufacturing, marketing and scientific executives, the loss of whose services
could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations. Recruiting and retaining qualified
manufacturing, marketing and sales personnel and scientists to perform
research and development work in the future will also be critical to the
Company's ongoing operations. The Company faces competition for qualified
individuals from numerous pharmaceutical, biotechnology, and medical device
companies. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to attract
and retain such individuals.
From time to time the Company has experienced difficulty in locating and
retaining candidates with appropriate qualifications. Subba Rao Gunupudi,
Ph.D., currently a consultant to the Company, resigned as Vice President,
Research and Development, in January 1998. Thomas M. Waugh, Vice President,
Operations, resigned in February 1998. The Company also believes stock options
are a critical component for motivating and retaining its key employees. The
decline in the price of the Company's Common Stock has made stock options
previously granted with higher exercise prices less valuable to the Company's
current employees and may make it more difficult for the Company to retain its
key employees. The failure of the Company to attract and retain key personnel
could have an adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations,
financial position and cash flows.
SIGNIFICANT GOVERNMENT REGULATION; NO ASSURANCE OF REGULATORY APPROVAL
The Company's ongoing product development activities, and the production and
marketing of products, are subject to extensive regulation by government
authorities in the United States and other countries. The regulatory process
can be lengthy and requires the expenditure of substantial resources. There
can be no assurances that any product developed by the Company will meet all
of the applicable regulatory requirements necessary to receive marketing
approval. Regulation by government authorities is a significant factor
affecting the timing of the commercialization of the Company's products. The
timing of regulatory approvals is not entirely within the Company's control.
Failure to obtain, or delays in obtaining, requisite government approvals
could delay or preclude the Company or its licensees from marketing the
Company's products, could limit the commercial use of the products and could
also allow competitors time to introduce competing products ahead of product
introduction by the Company or its licensees and thereby have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and financial
condition. Moreover, FDA policy may change and additional government
regulations may be established that could prevent or delay regulatory approval
of the Company's potential products. In addition, a marketed product and its
manufacturer are subject to continual regulation and review, and noncompliance
with regulations or the later discovery of previously unknown problems with a
product or manufacturer may result in sanctions or restrictions on such
product or manufacturer, including fines, operating restrictions, withdrawal
of the product from the market, or criminal prosecution.
In February 1995, the Company acquired Coonan Clinical Laboratories, a
company engaged in research and development of a home HIV test service. The
Company believed that the acquisition of Coonan Clinical Laboratories would
accelerate the time to market for a home HIV test service product. The Company
filed a PMA for the AWARE Home HIV Test Service with the FDA in 1995 and
amended it in 1996. In June 1997, the Company received a letter from the FDA
in which the FDA asked for a significant amount of clarification and
additional information for the PMA filing. Due to the substantial expense and
lengthy response process, and a lack of development of a significant home HIV
test market, the Company decided to withdraw its PMA application. The
Company's agreement with Selfcare for the European distribution of the AWARE
Home HIV Test Service was terminated by Selfcare because FDA market clearance
was not received by the end of 1997.
In order to market its products abroad, the Company also must comply with
foreign regulators requirements, implemented by foreign health authorities,
governing marketing approval. The foreign regulatory approval process includes
all of the risks associated with FDA approval set forth above, and may involve
additional requirements or risks. There is no assurance that a foreign
regulatory body will accept the data developed by the Company for any of its
products, and approval by the FDA does not ensure approval in other countries.
15
The Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service is currently operating under
interim FDA guidelines which permit the sale of the test without marketing
clearance from the FDA. Although the Company believes that the guidelines
represent a policy shift at the FDA to facilitate this type of home test,
there can be no assurance that the FDA will not alter its policy. Obtaining
market clearance from the FDA would entail substantial expense for the
Company. The Company's agreement with Parent's Alert, Inc. provides that it
may be terminated by ChemTrak in the event of an unfavorable change in FDA
requirements.
The Company is required to manufacture its products in compliance with the
FDA's QSR regulations, which require the Company to register its manufacturing
facility and list its products. The Company has registered its facility and
listed its products with the FDA. The Company has also registered its
manufacturing facility with the Department of Health Services of the State of
California, as required, and federal and state inspections have found the
Company's facility to be in substantial compliance with the QSR requirements
for its products. However, there can be no assurance that the Company's
facility will continue to satisfy QSR requirements. The QSR regulations also
impose additional requirements, such as reporting obligations and restrictions
on promotional activities. In addition, the manufacture, sale or use of the
Company's products are also subject to regulation by other federal entities,
such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration and the
Environmental Protection Agency, and by various state agencies. Federal and
state regulations regarding the manufacture, sale or use of the Company's
products are subject to future change, which could have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operation. See "Business--Government Regulation."
RELIANCE ON SMALL PRODUCT LINE; UNCERTAINTY OF MARKET ACCEPTANCE
To date, the Company has generated revenue from sales of three of its
products, CholesTrak and ColoCARE, beginning in the first quarter of 1997, and
the Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service, during the third quarter of 1997.
The Company has generated no significant sales revenue from its AccuMeter H.
pylori Test or AccuMeter Theophylline Test, both approved by the FDA in late
1997. The timing and extent of revenues generated by these and other new
products is highly uncertain and will depend in large part on market
acceptance of the Company's products. The Company's future success will depend
in part on its ability to obtain regulatory clearance for marketing its
products and its ability to develop, manufacture and market future products on
a timely basis. There can be no assurance that the Company's current product
development efforts will be successful, or that products can be manufactured
in commercial quantities at an acceptable cost or marketed successfully. In
addition, there can be no assurance that any of the Company's products will
gain significant market acceptance among physicians or the general public.
Because of the Company's small product line, development, regulatory or market
failures for even a single product are likely to have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, TECHNICAL UNCERTAINTY; HIGHLY COMPETITIVE INDUSTRY
Rapid and substantial technological change are expected to continue in the
health care industry generally and the diagnostic device industry in
particular. There can be no assurance that the Company's products will not
become obsolete or noncompetitive or that the Company will be able to keep
pace with technological developments. The consumer retail and physician office
markets have attracted a large number of competitors, many of which have
substantially greater resources than ChemTrak. Numerous other companies are
developing alternative strategies for areas in which the Company is marketing
or intends to market products. These alternative strategies could compete with
the Company's products and services. The Company's ability to anticipate
changes in technology and industry standards and to develop and successfully
introduce new and improved products that can gain market acceptance on a
timely basis will be a critical factor in the Company's growth and
competitiveness. Should the Company be unable, for technological or other
reasons, to develop products that are technologically competitive, responsive
to the needs of potential customers and competitively priced, its business
will be materially adversely affected. The Company is in the early stage of
development for various proposed AccuMeter and home test services. There can
be no assurance that successful products can be
16
developed in a timely fashion, or at all. There can be no assurance that the
Company's competitors will not develop more effective or more affordable
products or achieve earlier or more efficient product commercialization than
the Company.
RELIANCE ON CORPORATE PARTNERS FOR PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION
ChemTrak has a broker sales force and also relies on a number of
collaborative arrangements with corporate partners for the distribution of its
products. Many of these arrangements are terminable by corporate partners at
the discretion of those partners. Termination of one or more of these
arrangements could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
financial condition and results of operations. There can be no assurance that
the Company will be able to maintain these arrangements with its corporate
partners or, if such arrangements are terminated, that the Company would be
able to enter into arrangements with other corporate partners on satisfactory
terms, or at all. In addition, there can be no assurance that corporate
partners will market the Company's products effectively. In 1997, several of
the Company's corporate partners terminated contracts with the Company.
UNCERTAINTY OF PATENT POSITION AND PROPRIETARY RIGHTS
The Company's ability to compete effectively is materially dependent on the
proprietary nature of its technology. The Company currently has 14 United
States patents, five patent applications pending and nine foreign patents. The
patent position of medical device manufacturers, including ChemTrak, is
uncertain and may involve complex legal and factual issues. Consequently, the
Company does not know whether any of its patent applications will result in
the issuance of any further patents, or whether issued patents will provide
significant proprietary protection or will not be challenged, circumvented or
invalidated. Since patent applications in the United States are maintained in
secrecy until patents issue, and since publications or discoveries in the
scientific or patent literature tend to lag behind actual discoveries by
several months, ChemTrak cannot be certain that it was the first creator of
inventions covered by pending patent applications or that it was the first to
file patent applications for such inventions. Moreover, the Company may have
to participate in interference proceedings declared by the United States
Patent and Trademark Office to determine the priority of inventions, which
could result in substantial cost to the Company as well as commitment of
management resources. Third parties may be issued patents covering, or may
otherwise acquire rights to, technology necessary or potentially useful to the
Company. The commercial success of the Company is dependent in part upon its
not infringing patents of third parties. There can be no assurance that
licenses to such technology will be available on acceptable terms or at all.
Failure of the Company to obtain any necessary licenses could delay or prevent
the introduction of Company products. The Company may be required to resort to
litigation to protect its patents or, other proprietary rights or may be the
subject of litigation to protect its patents or against claims of
infringement. Such litigation could result in costs and diversions of
resources and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business,
results of operations and financial condition. There can be no assurance that
the Company's patent applications will result in further issued patents or
that such patents will offer protection against competitors with similar
technology.
VOLATILITY OF STOCK PRICE
The securities markets have from time to time experienced significant price
and volume fluctuations that may be unrelated to the operating performance of
particular companies. In addition, the market prices of the common stock of
many publicly traded medical device companies, including the Company, have in
the past been, and can in the future be expected to be, especially volatile.
Announcements of technological innovations or new products by the Company or
its competitors, developments or disputes concerning patents or proprietary
rights, publicity regarding actual or potential medical results relating to
products under development by the Company or its competitors, regulatory
developments in both the United States and foreign countries and economic and
other external factors, as well as period-to-period fluctuations in the
Company's financial results, may have a significant impact on the market price
of the Company's Common Stock.
17
Substantially all of the outstanding Common Stock of the Company is
available for sale in the public marketplace. The Company has stock options
outstanding to purchase an aggregate of 1,306,117 shares at exercise prices
ranging from $0.75 to $9.75 per share. In addition, the Company has issued
warrants as part of an equity financing agreement to purchase 133,333 shares
of Common Stock at an exercise price of $0.75 per share. These warrants expire
on the earliest date that the Company sells substantially all of its assets or
the company is acquired. The Company has also sold and issued shares of
Preferred Stock pursuant to an equity financing agreement and plans to issue
and sell additional shares of Preferred Stock in subsequent financings. The
Preferred Stock will be convertible into shares of Common Stock pursuant to a
conversion formula which is substantially dilutive to current shareholders. No
prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that exercises or conversions
of these options, warrants or Preferred Stock will have on the market prices
prevailing from time to time. The possibility that substantial amounts of
options, warrants or Preferred Stock can be exercised or converted may
adversely affect prevailing market prices for the Common Stock, and could
impair the Company's ability to raise capital through the sale of its equity
securities. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Results and
Operating Conditions--Liquidity and Capital Resources."
RISK OF PRODUCT LIABILITY; UNCERTAINTY OF AVAILABILITY OF INSURANCE
The Company's business exposes it to potential product liability risks that
are inherent in the testing, manufacturing and marketing of medical devices.
The Company maintains product liability insurance for products approved for
marketing and intends to seek additional insurance as new products are
approved. However, no assurance can be given that the Company will be able to
acquire or maintain insurance or that insurance can be acquired or maintained
at a reasonable cost or in sufficient amounts to protect the Company. There
can be no assurance that insurance coverage and the resources of the Company
would be sufficient to satisfy any liability resulting from product liability
claims. A successful product liability claim or series of claims brought
against the Company could have a material adverse effect on its business,
financial condition and results of operations.
UNCERTAINTIES RELATED TO ENVIRONMENTAL, HEALTH AND SAFETY MATTERS
Due to the nature of its current and proposed manufacturing processes, the
Company is subject to stringent federal, state and local laws, rules,
regulations and policies governing the use, generation, manufacture, storage,
air emission, effluent discharge, handling and disposal of certain materials
and wastes. Although the Company believes that it has complied with these laws
and regulations in all material respects and has not been required to take any
action to correct any noncompliance, there can be no assurance that the
Company will not be required to incur significant costs to comply with
environmental and health and safety regulations as it continues to increase
production to commercial levels. In addition, the landlord of the Company's
facility in Sunnyvale, California has advised the Company that the groundwater
may be affected by contaminants migrating from an off-site source. Although
the Company has been indemnified by its landlord as to claims brought by third
parties with respect to this contamination and no claims have been asserted,
in the event remedial action is required, there can be no assurance that the
Company will not have to incur significant costs if the Company is required to
remedy the groundwater contamination even though the Company is not
responsible for the contamination or if the landlord does not fulfill its
obligations.
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
The Company's research and development involves the controlled use of
hazardous materials and chemicals. Although the Company believes that its
safety procedures for handling and disposing of such materials comply with the
standards prescribed by state and federal regulations, the risk of accidental
contamination or injury from these materials cannot be completely eliminated.
In the event of such an accident, the Company could be held liable for any
damages that result and any such liability could exceed the resources of the
Company. In addition, the Company may incur substantial costs to comply with
environmental regulations for its manufacturing operations. See "Environmental
Regulation."
18
ANTI-TAKEOVER EFFECTS OF DELAWARE LAW AND CERTAIN CHARTER PROVISIONS
The Company's Board of Directors has the authority to issue up to 5,000,000
shares of Preferred Stock and to determine the price, rights, preferences and
privileges of those shares without any further vote or action by the Company's
stockholders. The rights of the holders of Common Stock will be subject to,
and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any Preferred
Stock that has been issued or may be issued in the future. The Company
recently sold and issued shares of Preferred Stock pursuant to an equity
financing in which it sold 1,300 shares of Preferred Stock. It plans to sell
and issue additional shares of Preferred Stock in subsequent equity
financings. The Preferred Stock will be convertible into shares of Common
Stock pursuant to a conversion formula that is substantially dilutive to
current shareholders. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Conditions and Results of Operations." The ability of the Board of Directors
to authorize further issuances, while providing desirable flexibility in
connection with possible acquisitions and other corporate purposes, could have
the effect of making it more difficult for a third party to acquire a majority
of the outstanding voting stock of the Company. In addition, the Company is
subject to the anti-takeover provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General
Corporation Law, which prohibits the Company from engaging in a "business
combination" with an "interested stockholder" for a period of three years
after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested
stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed
manner. The application of Section 203 could have the effect of delaying or
preventing a change of control of the Company. The Company's Certificate of
Incorporation provides for staggered terms for the members of the Board of
Directors. The staggered Board of Directors and certain other provisions of
the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws may have the effect of
delaying or preventing changes in control or management of the Company, which
could adversely affect the market price of the Company's Common Stock.
PENNY STOCK REGULATIONS
The Common Stock is traded on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market. In order to
maintain its listing on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, the Company must maintain
net tangible assets, capital and public float at specified levels, and
generally must maintain a minimum bid price of $1.00 per share. The Company's
net tangible assets were approximately $2.2 million at December 31, 1997,
compared to the current listing standard of $2 million. If the Company fails
to maintain the specified standards necessary to be quoted on the Nasdaq
SmallCap Market, the Company's securities could become subject to delisting.
If the securities are delisted, trading in the securities could be conducted
on the OTC Bulletin Board or in the over-the-counter market in what is
commonly referred to as the "pink sheets." If this occurs a stockholder will
find it more difficult to dispose of the securities or to obtain accurate
quotations as to the price of the Securities. In addition, the Common Stock
could become subject to the "penny stock" regulations promulgated under the
Exchange Act, which impose additional restrictions on broker-dealers who trade
in such stock and could severely limit the liquidity of the Company's
securities.
On March 3, 1998, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq stating that the
Company would be delisted 90 days after the issuance of the letter, unless the
Company generally maintained a bid price of $1.00 per share. The Company
intends to solicit stockholders' votes for a reverse stock split during such
90 day period in order to maintain its Nasdaq SmallCap listing.
SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE; DILUTION
Substantially all of the Company's shares are eligible for sale in the
public market. The issuance of the Company's Common Stock upon conversion of
its Preferred Stock, as well as future sales of such Common Stock or of shares
of Common Stock by existing stockholders, or the perception that such sales
could occur, could adversely affect the market price of the Common Stock.
Conversion of the Company's Preferred Stock for shares of Common Stock could
adversely affect the market price of the Common Stock. In addition, investors
could experience substantial dilution upon conversion of the Company's
Preferred Stock into Common Stock as a result of either (i) a decline in the
market price of the Company's Common Stock immediately prior to conversion or
(ii) an event triggering the antidilution rights of any outstanding shares of
Preferred Stock. See "Dilution" and "Description of Capital Stock."
19
ITEM 2--PROPERTIES
The Company's corporate offices and principal laboratories are in an
approximately 58,000 square foot facility located in Sunnyvale, California.
The Company currently occupies the facility under a ten-year lease which
commenced in July 1992. The Company believes that its existing facilities will
be adequate to meet the Company's needs at least through 1998 and that
suitable additional space will be available when and as needed.
ITEM 3--LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is not involved in any legal proceedings, other than ordinary,
routine litigation incidental to the Company's business.
ITEM 4--SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
The Company did not submit any matters to a vote of security holders during
the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997.
PART II
ITEM 5--MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Between February 19, 1992 and October 28, 1997, ChemTrak's Common Stock, par
value $.001, was traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol CMTR.
Since October 29, 1997, ChemTrak's Common Stock has been traded on the Nasdaq
SmallCap Market. The following table sets forth the range of high and low
closing sales prices for ChemTrak Common Stock on the Nasdaq National Market
and the Nasdaq SmallCap Market for the periods indicated.
HIGH LOW
----- -----
1997
First Quarter.................................................. $2.25 $1.38
Second Quarter................................................. $1.56 $1.09
Third Quarter.................................................. $1.09 $0.69
Fourth Quarter................................................. $1.31 $0.72
1996
First Quarter.................................................. $5.44 $1.25
Second Quarter................................................. $5.31 $2.50
Third Quarter.................................................. $4.38 $1.91
Fourth Quarter................................................. $2.56 $1.25
The approximate number of record holders of the Company's Common Stock as of
December 31, 1997 was 614. ChemTrak has not paid any cash dividends on its
Common Stock since its inception and does not anticipate paying cash dividends
in the foreseeable future.
The Company is currently negotiating the terms of an agreement pursuant to
which the Company will issue shares of Common Stock valued at $500,000, such
value to be determined based upon the average closing bid price for the five
previous trading days prior to the closing of the agreement, in exchange for
advertising services. The agreement currently provides for the issuance of
51,613 warrants to purchase Common Stock, exercisable for five years at a
price of $1.066. The agreement also provides for the issuance of additional
shares of Common Stock and additional warrants pursuant to subsequent renewals
of the agreement. Such shares will be restricted securities as that term is
defined in the Securities Act.
The Company also completed a Preferred Stock financing transaction in
January 1998 and anticipates an additional financing transaction on
approximately similar terms during the first quarter of 1998. In addition, the
Company intends to seek the appropriate stockholder approval for an additional
sale of Preferred Stock to be completed after the first quarter of 1998. See
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Results and Operating
Conditions--Liquidity and Capital Resources."
20
ITEM 6--SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The selected financial data has been derived from, and should be read in
conjunction with, the audited financial statements of the Company and related
notes thereto. The selected financial data set forth below should also be read
in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations."
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------------
1997 1996 1995 1994 1993
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA:
Net revenue:
Product revenue................. $ 2,819 $ 2,463 $ 2,171 $ 7,780 $ 2,662
License termination and
conversion fee................. 2,750 -- 3,600 -- --
Initial license fee............. 333 -- 500 1,450 --
Funded research and other
revenue........................ 500 598 625 1,090 2,048
------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Total net revenue............. 6,402 3,061 6,896 10,320 4,710
Operating loss.................. (5,438) (7,010) (3,529) (1,308) (9,820)
Net loss........................ (5,195) (7,826) (3,269) (1,065) (9,240)
Net loss per common share and
per common share--assuming
dilution....................... $ (0.40) $ (0.77) $ (0.34) $ (0.12) $ (1.01)
Shares used in calculating net
loss per common share and per
common share--assuming
dilution....................... 12,916 10,228 9,649 9,225 9,192
BALANCE SHEET DATA:
Cash, cash equivalents and
short-term investments......... $ 1,114 $ 4,692 $ 6,254 $ 7,773 $ 6,821
Working capital................. 1,104 4,656 5,944 7,816 7,990
Total assets.................... 4,285 8,841 10,383 13,308 13,304
Long-term debt.................. 267 2,135 -- -- --
Accumulated deficit............. (41,503) (36,308) (28,482) (25,213) (24,148)
Total stockholders' equity(1)... 2,208 5,030 9,018 11,345 12,232
- --------
(1) The Company has not declared any cash dividends on its Common Stock since
its inception and does not anticipate paying cash dividends in the
foreseeable future.
ITEM 7--MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Except for the historical information contained herein, the following
discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and
uncertainties. The Company's actual results could differ materially from those
discussed here. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences
include, but are not limited to, those discussed in this section and in the
section "Business" generally and more specifically "Business--Risk Factors."
OVERVIEW
ChemTrak develops, manufactures, markets and sells personal medical
diagnostic systems for consumer OTC markets, point-of-care markets and
physician's office laboratories worldwide.
Unlike tests performed in clinical laboratories, where results may not be
available for days, the Company's tests provide diagnoses and results within
minutes. The Company currently manufactures and distributes three products in
the United States: Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service, a counselor
supported home drug test service committed to helping parents prevent and
eliminate drug abuse by their children, CholesTrak and ColoCARE. The Company
expects to begin marketing and distribution of two additional products in
1998: the AccuMeter H. pylori Test, a physician's office test to determine the
presence of H. pylori bacterium associated with gastric and peptic ulcers; and
the AccuMeter Theophylline Test, a point-of-care assay for theophylline, a
commonly prescribed bronchodilator used by asthmatics. The CholesTrak, H.
pylori, and theophylline tests are
21
based on the AccuMeter cassette system, a patented, non-instrumented, hand-
held diagnostic technology. The AccuMeter cassette system is an enabling
technology applicable to a broad range of general chemistry and immunoassay
tests designed to screen and diagnose health conditions with accuracy
comparable to physician office and laboratory instrument tests.
In April 1997, the Company signed an agreement with Parent's Alert, Inc.,
under which it obtained the right to market and sell the Parent's Alert, Inc.
test for drug abuse in conjunction with ChemTrak's home test service. The
Company will pay royalties to Parent's Alert, Inc. based on product sales
subject to certain minimum royalty payments. The initial term of the agreement
is seven years, automatically renewable for successive one-year terms
thereafter. ChemTrak may terminate the agreement if there is a change in the
FDA interim guideline policy that has a material adverse effect on ChemTrak's
ability to market the product. Either party may terminate the agreement in the
event specified royalty and sales milestones are not met. In addition, the
Company signed a three-year contract with Parent's Alert and Ms. Sunny Cloud,
the president of Parent's Alert, Inc., pursuant to which Ms. Cloud agreed to
provide consulting services in connection with the marketing and promotion of
the product.
CholesTrak received FDA 510(k) clearance for professional use in 1991 (under
the name AccuMeter Total Cholesterol Test) and for consumer use in 1993. The
Company began marketing CholesTrak to the United States physicians' office
market in May 1991 and to the international consumer retail and physicians'
office laboratory market in October 1991. In January 1994, the Company began
marketing the AccuMeter Cholesterol Self-Test through United States consumer
catalogs and signed a license and supply agreement with Direct Access
Diagnostics ("DAD"), a Johnson & Johnson subsidiary, to market the Company's
Total Cholesterol Test to over-the-counter retail outlets in North America. In
December 1995, the Company regained the exclusive rights to market its Total
Cholesterol Test in the United States retail market and re-launched the
product in January 1996 under the trade name of CholesTrak.
The Company began selling ColoCARE in March 1997. The test has received FDA
501(k) clearance. The test retails for approximately $7.00 and is sold under a
license and distribution agreement with the test's developer, Helena
Laboratories, Ltd.
The Company's AccuMeter H. Pylori Test was cleared by the FDA for
professional use in 1996 and received further 510(k) clearance for improved
accuracy claims in March 1997. In September 1997, the Company announced that
it had re-acquired from AMI the rights to market the Company's H. pylori test
in the United States. The Company received a one-time payment of $2.4 million
from AMI. In February 1997, ChemTrak received FDA 510(k) clearance to market
its AccuMeter Theophylline Test.
In February 1995, the Company acquired Coonan Clinical Laboratories, a
company engaged in research and development of a home HIV test service. The
Company believed that the acquisition of Coonan Clinical Laboratories would
accelerate the time to market for a home HIV test service product. The Company
filed a pre-market approval for the AWARE Home HIV Test Service with the FDA
in 1995 and amended it in 1996. In June 1997, the Company received a letter
from the FDA in which the FDA asked for a significant amount of clarification
and additional information for the filing. Due to the substantial expense and
lengthy response process, coupled with the lack of development of a
significant market for home HIV testing, the Company decided to withdraw its
application. The Company's agreement with Selfcare for the European
distribution of the AWARE Home HIV Test Service was terminated by Selfcare
because FDA market clearance was not received by the end of 1997.
The Company has incurred operating losses due to the limited number of
revenue-generating products and the high cost of developing and marketing
consumer medical devices. As of December 31, 1997, the Company had an
accumulated deficit of $41.5 million. The ability of the Company to achieve
profitability is highly dependent upon numerous factors including, but not
limited to, successful completion of the Company's regulatory approval process
to market products under development and the Company's ability to provide
products in sufficient, cost effective quantities and the Company's ability to
raise necessary funding for
22
advertising. There can be no assurance that the Company will ever achieve
profitability, or that profitability, if achieved, can be sustained on an
ongoing basis. Until such time as it achieves profitability, the Company will
require additional capital to finance its operations.
The development and marketing of consumer medical devices is capital
intensive. The Company has funded its operations to date through public and
private equity and debt financing and product sales. The Company's available
cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments and revenues from existing
collaborations, together with anticipated product revenues will not be
sufficient to meet its capital requirements through the second quarter of
1998. In order to continue operations, the Company will need to seek
additional debt or equity financing. There can be no assurance that such
financing will be obtained on satisfactory terms or at all.
The Company has sought and intends to seek additional funding through
collaborative agreements with corporate partners, term loans secured by fixed
assets, and/or additional equity or debt financing. There can be no assurance
that the Company will be able to enter into such arrangements on acceptable
terms, or at all. The Company has sold and issued shares of Preferred Stock
pursuant to an equity financing agreement and plans to issue and sell
additional shares of Preferred Stock in subsequent financings. The Preferred
Stock will be convertible into shares of Common Stock pursuant to a conversion
formula that is substantially dilutive to current shareholders. To obtain
funds through collaborative arrangements, the Company may be required to
relinquish certain right to its technologies or products. If adequate funds
are not available, the Company's operations will be adversely affected, and it
may be required to delay or eliminate one or more of its development programs.
The Company has historically experienced significant fluctuations in its
operating results and anticipates that these fluctuations may continue. The
securities markets have from time to time experienced significant price and
volume fluctuations that may be unrelated to the operating performance of
particular companies. In addition, the market prices of the common stock of
many publicly traded medical device companies, including the Company, have in
the past been, and can in the future be expected to be, especially volatile.
Announcements of technological innovations or new products by the Company or
its competitors, developments or disputes concerning patents or proprietary
rights, publicity regarding actual or potential medical results relating to
products under development by the Company or its competitors, regulatory
developments in both the United States and foreign countries and economic and
other external factors, as well as period-to-period fluctuations in the
Company's financial results, may have a significant impact on the market price
of the Company's Common Stock. See "--Liquidity and Capital Resources."
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS--YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997, 1996 AND 1995
NET REVENUES: Net revenues were $6,402,000 in 1997, consisting of $2,819,000
from product sales of which one customer accounted for 19% of product sales,
$2,750,000 in license termination and conversion fees, $333,000 in initial
license fee payments, and $500,000 in milestone payments from Astra Merck Inc.
("AMI"), compared with net revenues of $3,061,000 in 1996, consisting of
$2,463,000 from product sales and $598,000 from funded research and other
revenue. Included in license termination and conversion fees, for the year
ended December 31, 1997, is a $2,400,000 payment from AMI for converting its
exclusive agreement to market HpChek(R), ChemTrak's whole blood H. pylori
test, into a non-exclusive option to market the product and to eliminate the
required minimum annual purchases. Also, the Company recognized as license
termination and conversion fees a $350,000 payment, received in April from AMI
which was forfeited as part of the September 1997 agreement. The payment was
originally made in consideration for products that the Company had produced,
but not yet shipped. The increase in net revenues in 1997 as compared to 1996
was primarily due to this one-time license termination and conversion fee from
AMI and to the receipt of a $333,000 initial license fee from Selfcare for the
European distribution of the AWARE Home HIV Test Service.
Net revenues for 1995 were $6,896,000, consisting of $2,171,000 from product
sales, $3,600,000 from a one-time license termination fee from DAD, and a
$500,000 initial license fee payment from AMI. Funded research and other
revenue consist of a $415,000 milestone payment from DAD and SBIR grants of
$210,000.
23
The decrease in net revenues in 1996 compared with 1995 was primarily due to a
one-time license termination fee from DAD of $3,600,000, included in 1995
revenues.
As a result of product orders from DAD falling below the minimum as provided
for in the license agreement, the Company and DAD negotiated the early
termination of the agreement. In December 1995, ChemTrak concluded its
agreement with DAD and regained the exclusive North American retail marketing
rights for its home cholesterol test. Under the terms of the agreement,
ChemTrak received a one-time license termination fee of $3,600,000 and also
regained the marketing rights to its test for the high-density lipoprotein
(HDL) or "good cholesterol" which had been cleared for professional use by the
FDA. DAD ceased shipments in December and ChemTrak resumed shipment of
CholesTrak to the same chain drug stores, mass merchandisers and wholesalers
in January 1996.
COST OF PRODUCT SALES: In 1997, the cost of product sales was $3,572,000
compared with $3,201,000 in 1996 and $3,191,000 in 1995. The increase in the
cost of product sales in 1997 compared with 1996 was principally due to an
increase in production resulting from higher levels of product shipments. As a
result of low product sales in 1997, 1996 and 1995, the cost of product sales
in those years exceeded revenue product sales due to fixed costs associated
with the Company's production facilities and equipment. The increase is also
due to a manufacturing problem, now resolved, associated with its cholesterol
product and a write-off of a product associated with the cancellation of the
AMI agreement.
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: The Company incurred research and development
expenses of $1,897,000 in 1997 and $2,439,000 in 1996, compared to $4,293,000
in 1995. Research and development expenses were reduced in 1997 as compared to
1996 primarily as a result of fewer clinical studies, reduction in the use of
supplies and cost savings from a departmental reorganization. The decrease in
research and development expenses in 1996 compared with 1995 was primarily due
to costs associated with the acquisition of Coonan Clinical Laboratories in
1995. The Company recorded a $1,500,000 charge in 1995 for in-process research
and development effort associated with Coonan Clinical Laboratories'
technology.
MARKETING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE: Marketing, general and administrative
expenses increased to $6,371,000 in 1997, from $4,431,000 in 1996 and
$2,941,000 in 1995. The increases in 1997 and 1996 were due to increased
marketing and advertising activities to support the Company's efforts to
support its products, primarily CholesTrak on a direct to wholesaler basis.
INTEREST EXPENSE: Interest expense in 1996 is the result of the Company's
issuance of convertible debentures that allow holders to convert their
debentures into common stock at a 17.5% discount to the then fair market value
of the Company's common stock. The Company accounted for this non-cash charge
in accordance with Securities and Exchange Commission guidance. There was no
interest expense in 1997 since in 1996 the debentures were converted to equity
these periods.
INTEREST AND OTHER INCOME: Interest income was $243,000 in 1997 compared to
$59,000 in 1996 and $260,000 in 1995. The decrease in 1996 compared to 1997
and 1995 was primarily due to lower effective interest rates and lower cash
balances.
INVENTORIES: Inventories increased to $1,068,000 in 1997 from $540,000 in
1996. The increase is attributable to increases in the quantity of raw
materials and finished goods. The decrease in the raw material reserve results
from a decrease in obsolete and slow-moving items. Management believes that
the current customer pool has increased to the point where raw material
inventory is more likely to be utilized in the manufacturing process and
shipped as a finished product. The change in finished goods is primarily due
to an increase in inventory of CholesTrak and the addition of two new products
in 1997, ColoCARE and Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
In 1996, approximately $4.7 million in net proceeds was obtained from the
sale of convertible debentures. In 1997, the Company raised $500,000 in a term
financing.
24
As of December 31, 1997, including the receipt of approximately $500,000 of
proceeds from a term financing, the Company had cash, cash equivalents and
short-term investments of $1,114,000. During 1997, the Company had a net
decrease of $3.0 million of cash and cash equivalents associated with its
operations primarily as a result of the Company's operating loss during 1997.
The development and marketing of medical devices is capital intensive. The
Company currently has funded its operations to date through product sales and
public and private equity and debt financings. The Company will require
substantial additional funding in fiscal 1998 for development and marketing
activities in which it is currently engaging and to launch products in the
consumer marketplace. The Company intends to seek additional funding through
collaborative agreements with corporate partners or through additional equity
or debt financing.
The Company's existing capital resources, together with internally generated
funds and funded research, will need to be augmented by funds received through
collaboration agreements or equity or debt financing to meet its current
budgeted operating needs as well as requirements for property, plant and
equipment. Without such additional funds, the Company will not have sufficient
resources to continue operations through the second quarter of 1998. See "Risk
Factors--Future Capital Needs; --Uncertainty of Additional Funding"). In
addition, the report of the Company's independent accountants for the year
ended December 31, 1997 contains a qualification as to the Company's ability
to continue as a going concern. The Company's ability to continue as a going
concern is dependent in large part upon the successful completion of proposed
financing transactions. See Report of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P., Independent
Accountants, included in the Financial Statements. The Company's ongoing
operations are dependent on its ability to achieve profitable operations,
reduce discretionary operating expenses and to obtain additional funds to
support its operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will
achieve profitable operations or successfully reduce discretionary expenses by
a sufficient amount on a timely basis or that additional funds will be
available when and as required by the Company on acceptable terms or at all.
On December 31, 1997, the Company entered into an Equipment Financing
Agreement (the "Pentech Agreement") with Pentech Financial Services, Inc.
("Pentech") pursuant to which Pentech has committed up to $1,000,000 to the
Company under an equipment financing commitment secured by all of the
Company's fixed assets. The terms of the Pentech Agreement provide that the
Company will make payment of 3.767% of any advances thereunder each month for
30 months, with an additional final payment equal to 12% of the total amount
borrowed due and payable upon the expiration of any such 30-month payment
period. Subsequent to year-end, the Company received equipment financing
pursuant to a permanent agreement with Pentech which expires on May 1, 1998.
Also on December 31, 1997, the Company received an advance of $500,000 (the
"First Advance Amount") under the Pentech Agreement to be used for general
corporate purposes and the marketing of the Company's Parent's Alert Home Drug
Test Service. In accordance with the terms of the Pentech Agreement, the First
Advance Amount will be due and payable in 30 monthly installment of $18,835
each, commencing on February 1, 1998, with a final payment of $60,000 due and
payable upon the expiration of the aforementioned 30-month payment period.
On January 23, 1998 and January 26, 1998, the Company sold and issued in a
private placement transaction an aggregate of 1,300 shares of 6% Cumulative
Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value per share to seven persons (the
"Investors") at an aggregate purchase price of $1,300,000 (the "Preferred
Stock Financing"). In connection with the Preferred Stock Financing, the
Company paid to Monetary Advancement International, Inc. a fee in an amount
approximately equal to 9% of the amount of the proceeds of the offering. The
Company also paid to Grushko & Mittman, counsel to the Investors, (i) a fee in
an amount equal to 3/4% of the amount of the proceeds of the offering, and
(ii) an additional, separate fee for services as the escrow agent in an amount
equal to 1/2% of the amount of the proceeds of the Preferred Stock Financing.
Each share of the Preferred Stock has a purchase price of $1,000 and a
stated value of $1,000 (the "Stated Value"). After 60 days from the date on
which a share of Preferred Stock was issued, each holder of shares of
25
Preferred Stock has the right at any time, and from time to time, to convert
some or all such shares into fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common
Stock. Any such conversion shall occur according to the following formula: the
number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of each share of
Preferred Stock will equal (i) the sum of (A) the Stated Value per share and
(B) accrued and unpaid dividends on such share, divided by (ii) the Conversion
Price. The Conversion Price shall be equal to the lesser of: (i) 75% of the
average of the Closing Bid Price (as defined below) of the Common Stock for
the five trading days immediately preceding the date of issuance of the
Preferred Stock; or (ii) 75% of the average of the Closing Bid Price for the
five trading days immediately preceding conversion of the Preferred Stock. The
Closing Bid Price shall mean the closing bid price of the Common Stock as
reported from the Nasdaq SmallCap Market (or if not reported by Nasdaq as
reported by such other exchange or market where traded). The minimum aggregate
Stated Value able to be converted will be at least $25,000 (unless if at the
time of such conversion the aggregate Stated Value of all shares of Preferred
Stock registered to the Holder is less than $25,000, then the whole amount may
be converted).
On the date two years after the issuance of the Preferred Stock (the
"Mandatory Conversion Date"), any shares of Preferred Stock not previously
converted into shares of Common Stock shall automatically be converted into
shares of Common Stock at the Conversion Price. On and after the Mandatory
Conversion Date, all dividends on the Preferred Stock shall cease to accrue
and the shares represented thereby shall no longer be deemed outstanding and
all rights of the holders thereof as stockholders of the Company shall cease
and terminate, except the right to receive the shares of Common Stock upon
conversion.
The holders of outstanding shares of Preferred Stock are entitled to receive
preferential dividends in cash out of any funds of the Company legally
available at the time for declaration of dividends before any dividend or
other distribution will be paid or declared and set apart for payment on any
shares of any Common Stock or other class of stock junior to the Preferred
Stock (the Common Stock and such junior stock being hereinafter collectively
the "Junior Stock") at the rate of 6% simple interest per annum on the Stated
Value per share payable quarterly when and as declared; provided, however,
that these preferential cumulative dividends, if not paid, will accumulate as
a liability of the Company. In addition, fully paid and non-assessable shares
of Preferred Stock at a rate of one share of Preferred Stock for each $1,000
of such dividend not paid in cash, and the issuance of such additional shares,
will constitute full payment of such dividend.
The dividends on the Preferred Stock will be cumulative whether or not
earned so that if, at any time, full cumulative dividends at the rate
aforesaid on all shares of the Preferred Stock then outstanding from the date
from and after which dividends thereon are cumulative to the end of the
quarterly dividend period next preceding such time shall not have been paid or
declared and set apart for payment, or if the full dividend on all such
outstanding Preferred Stock for the then current dividend period shall not
have been paid or declared and set apart for payment, the amount of the
deficiency shall be paid or declared and set apart for payment (but without
interest thereon) before any sum shall be set apart for or applied by the
Company or a subsidiary of the Company to the purchase redemption or other
acquisition of the Preferred Stock and before any dividend or other
distribution shall be paid or declared and set apart for payment on any Junior
Stock and before any sum shall be set aside for or applied to the purchase,
redemption or other acquisition of Junior Stock.
Dividends on all shares of the Preferred Stock begin to accrue and be
cumulative from and after the date of issuance thereof. A dividend period is
deemed to commence on the day following a quarterly dividend payment date
herein specified and to end of the next succeeding quarterly dividend payment
date herein specified.
In the event of the dissolution, liquidation or winding-up of the Company,
whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of the Preferred Stock will be
entitled to receive before any payment or distribution will be made on the
Junior Stock, out of the assets of the Company available for distribution to
stockholders, the Stated Value per share of Preferred Stock and all accrued
and unpaid dividends to and including the date of payment thereof. Upon the
payment in full of all amounts due to holders of the Preferred Stock, then the
holders of the Junior Stock of the Company will receive, ratably, all
remaining assets of the Company legally available for distribution. If the
assets of the Company available for distribution to the holders of the
Preferred Stock are insufficient to permit payment in full of the amounts
payable as aforesaid to the holders of Preferred Stock upon
26
such liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, whether voluntary or involuntary,
then all such assets of the Company will be distributed to the exclusion of
the holders of shares of Junior Stock ratably among the holders of Preferred
Stock.
Neither purchase nor the redemption by the Company of shares of any class of
stock nor the merger nor consolidation of the Company with or into any other
corporation or corporations nor the sale or transfer by the Company of all or
any part of its assets will be deemed to be a liquidation, dissolution or
winding-up of the Company for the purposes of the liquidation rights that
would be available under the Preferred Stock Financing. The Investors will
enjoy a right of participation in any proposed public offering of Common Stock
and a right of first refusal in the event of any future equity financing.
The Company may elect to redeem all or part of the Stated Value of the
Preferred Stock upon payment of an amount of dollars equal to the number of
shares of Common Stock that could be obtained by converting into the Company's
Common Stock that amount of Stated Value plus accrued but unpaid dividends and
any other sums payable in respect of that Stated Value at the conversion price
in effect on the date notice of redemption is given to the Holder (the
"Redemption Date") multiplied by the average of the Closing Bid Price of the
Common Stock for the five trading days immediately preceding such date. The
Company may not redeem any amount which the Holder has elected to convert,
including a notice of conversion given after the Redemption Date but prior to
receipt by the Holder of the payment under the redemption provisions.
The shares of Preferred Stock have no voting rights. The shares of Common
Stock into which the Preferred Stock is converted will have full voting rights
upon such conversion.
The Company and each of the Investors executed a subscription agreement that
describes certain registration rights. Each such subscription agreement
includes a liquidated damages clause requiring the Company to pay 3% per
calendar month (or fraction thereof) of the Stated Value of the Preferred
Stock to the Investor in the event that the Company does not timely file a
registration statement, or the registration statement is not timely declared
effective, or if the registration statement ceases to be effective for a
certain period during the first year following its effective date.
The Company is contemplating an additional equity financing on substantially
similar terms with a closing to occur during the first quarter of 1998,
although there can be no assurance that this transaction will be concluded on
satisfactory terms or at all.
In addition, the stockholders of the Company are expected to be asked to
approve at the 1998 Annual Meeting of Stockholders the issuance and sale of up
to 5,000 shares of 6% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 par value
per share in a private placement of up to $5,000,000 to qualified persons, on
the terms and conditions on terms substantially similar to those described
above. The closing of the financing, if approved by the stockholders, is
expected to occur within 15 business days after the 1998 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders, or as soon thereafter as practicable. The issuance by the
Company of the additional shares of Preferred Stock is subject to stockholder
approval pursuant to the Rules of the National Association of Securities
Dealers ("NASD") applicable to companies whose securities are traded on the
Nasdaq SmallCap Market. As of February 23, 1998, the NASD rules require
companies whose securities are traded on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market to obtain
stockholder approval prior to issuing common stock (or shares convertible into
common stock) in a transaction other than a public offering at a price less
than the market value of the common stock, when the amount of common stock to
be issued (or issuable upon conversion) is or will be greater than 20% of the
common stock or voting power of the company outstanding prior to issuance.
Based on the recent prices of the Company's Common Stock, it is anticipated
that the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the
Preferred Stock may be equal to or greater than 20% of the Common Stock or
voting power of the Company outstanding immediately prior to the Financing.
The terms of the Preferred Stock will allow the holders of the Preferred Stock
to obtain shares of Common Stock at a price below the then current market
value.
27
On March 2, 1998, the Company executed an agreement for advertising services
pursuant to which the Company will pay $250,000 in cash and will issue shares
of Common Stock valued at $500,000, such value to be determined based upon the
average closing bid price for the five previous trading days prior to the
closing of the agreement subject to certain antidilution rights as defined in
the agreement. In connection with the agreement, the Company paid a
transaction fee in the amount of $30,000 to First Capital Investments, Inc., a
transaction fee in the amount of $20,000 to PVH Fund Managers Limited, and an
additional $5,000 to Grow Marketing Services for services rendered in
connection with the preparation of an initial media plan. The agreement also
provides for the issuance of 59,259 warrants to purchase Common Stock,
exercisable for five years at a price of $.928 per share. The agreement also
provides for subsequent renewals of the agreement. Shares issued in connection
with the agreement will be restricted securities as that term is defined in
the Securities Act.
The Company cannot provide any assurance that any of the contemplated
financing arrangements or other transactions can be completed on acceptable
terms or at all. Failure to complete any of such transactions will have a
material adverse affect on the Company's cash and capital resources, and
therefore a material adverse affect on the Company's business, operations and
financial condition. See "Business--Risk Factors--Future Capital Needs; --
Uncertainty of Additional Funding.
IMPACT OF THE YEAR 2000 ON INFORMATION SYSTEMS
The Company has purchased and is currently installing an upgrade to its
present computer software and hardware, which, according to the vendor, will
be able to properly recognize the dates commencing in the Year 2000. The
upgrade is currently being tested and is expected to be in use by the end of
1998.
The Company will utilize both internal and external resources to implement
the upgrade and test the software for the Year 2000 modifications.
The Company has not initiated formal communications with all of its
significant suppliers and large customers. To date the Company has not found
any material impact which may result from the failure of its computers and
computer software of its vendors, suppliers and customers. However, the
Company plans to make an assessment of this issue during 1998 and if
appropriate, develop an action plan to correct it.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive
Income." SFAS No. 130 establishes standards for the reporting and display of
comprehensive income and its components in a full set of general purpose
financial statements. Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity
of a business enterprise during a period, resulting from transactions and
other events and circumstances from nonowner sources. The impact of adopting
SFAS No. 130, which is effective for the Company in 1998, has not been
determined.
In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 131, "Disclosure about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information." SFAS No. 131 requires publicly-held
companies to report financial and other information about key revenue-
producing segments of the entity for which such information is available and
is utilized by the chief operating decision maker. Specific information to be
reported for individual segments includes profit or loss, certain revenue and
expense items and total assets. A reconciliation of segment financial
information to amounts reported in the financial statements would be provided.
SFAS No. 131 is effective for the Company in 1998. The Company operates in one
business segment; namely, the development, manufacturing, and marketing of
easy-to-use diagnostic tests for the worldwide point-of-care markets.
ITEM 7A--QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Not applicable.
28
ITEM 8--FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
The Company's Financial Statements and notes thereto appear on pages F-1 to
F-17 of this Form 10-K Annual Report.
ITEM 9--CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
On December 2, 1997, the Board of Directors voted to change independent
public accountants, dismissing Ernst & Young LLP ("Ernst & Young") as the
independent accountants for the Registrant and engaging Coopers & Lybrand
L.L.P. ("Coopers & Lybrand"). Notice of dismissal was delivered to Ernst &
Young on December 4, 1997. Ernst & Young's reports on the Registrant's
financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 1995 and December
31, 1996 did not contain an adverse opinion or disclaimer of opinion, and such
reports were not otherwise modified or qualified as to uncertainty, audit
scope or accounting principles. During the Company's two most recent fiscal
years and the subsequent interim period preceding the dismissal of Ernst &
Young, (i) there were no disagreements with Ernst & Young on any matter of
accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure, or
auditing scope or procedures, which if not resolved to its satisfaction would
have caused it to make reference in connection with its reports, and (ii)
Ernst & Young has not advised the Company of any reportable events as defined
in paragraph (A) through (D) of Regulation S-K Item 304(a)(1)(v).
During the Company's two most recent fiscal years and the subsequent interim
period prior to engaging Coopers & Lybrand, the Company has not consulted
Coopers & Lybrand with respect to any of the matters described in Regulation
S-K Item 304(a)(2)(i) or (ii).
PART III
ITEM 10--DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The information required by this item (with respect to directors) is
incorporated by reference from the information under the caption "Election of
Directors" contained in the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement which will be
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the
solicitation of proxies for the Company's 1998 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
(the "Proxy Statement").
The required information concerning Executive Officers of the Company is
contained in Item 1, Part I of this Report.
ITEM 11--EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the
information under the caption "Executive Compensation" contained in the Proxy
Statement.
ITEM 12--SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the
information under the caption "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners
and Management" contained in the Proxy Statement.
ITEM 13--CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the
information under the caption "Certain Transactions" contained in the Proxy
Statement.
29
PART IV
ITEM 14--EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) (1) Index to Financial Statements.
The Financial Statements required by this item are submitted in a
separate section beginning on page F-1 of this report.
PAGE
----
Report of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P.................................. F-1
Report of Ernst & Young LLP........................................ F-2
Balance Sheets at December 31, 1997 and 1996....................... F-3
Statements of Operations--Years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and
1995.............................................................. F-4
Statements of Stockholders' Equity--Years ended December 31, 1997,
1996 and 1995..................................................... F-5
Statements of Cash Flows--Years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and
1995.............................................................. F-6
Notes to Financial Statements...................................... F-7
(2) Financial Statement Schedule
The following financial statement schedule of the Company for the
three years ended December 31, 1997 is filed as part of this Form
10-K and should be read in conjunction with the Financial
Statements, and related notes thereto, of the Company.
Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
Schedules other than that listed above have been omitted since they
are either not required, not applicable, or the information is
otherwise included.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
The Company filed a current report on Form 8-K pursuant to Item 5
thereof dated September 25, 1997, reporting the termination of the
Company's agreement with Astra Merck Inc.
The Company filed a current report on Form 8-K pursuant to Item 4
thereof dated December 2, 1997, reporting that the Company had
dismissed Ernst & Young LLP as its independent accountants and
appointed Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P. as its independent accountants.
This Form 8-K was updated by a Form 8-K/A.
The Company filed a current report on Form 8-K pursuant to Item 5
thereof dated December 31, 1997, reporting that the Company entered
an Equipment Financing Agreement with Pentech Financial
Services, Inc.
The Company filed a current report on Form 8-K pursuant to Items 5
and 9 thereof dated January 31, 1998, reporting that the Company
entered a sale of Equity Securities Pursuant to Regulation S with
Monetary Advancement, Inc.
(c) Exhibits
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Reorganization among the Company, ChemTrak
Acquisition Subsidiary, Inc., Coonan Clinical Laboratories, Inc. and
Stephen J. Coonan, dated December 31, 1994, as amended January 20,
1995. (6)
3.1 Certificate of Incorporation of the Company. (1)
3.2 Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation. (1)
3.3 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation. (1)
30
3.4 Certificate to Set Forth Designations, Voting Powers, Preferences,
Limitations, Restrictions, and Relative Rights of Series A 6%
Cumulative Convertible Series A Preferred Stock, $0.001 Par Value
Per Share. (16)
3.5 Certificate of Correction Filed to Correct a Certain Error in the
Certificate to Set Forth Designations, Voting Powers, Preferences,
Limitations, Restrictions, and Relative Rights of Series A 6%
Cumulative Convertible Series A Preferred Stock, $0.001 Par Value
Per Share of ChemTrak Incorporated Filed in the Office of the
Secretary of State of Delaware on January 16, 1998. (16)
3.6 Revised Certificate of Correction Filed in the Office of the
Secretary of State of Delaware on February 19, 1998 to Correct a
Certain Error in the Certificate to Set Forth Designations, Voting
Powers, Preferences, Limitations, Restrictions, and Relative Rights
of Series A 6% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 Par
Value Per Share of ChemTrak Incorporated Filed in the Office of the
Secretary of State of Delaware on January 16, 1998. (16)
3.7 Bylaws of the Company. (1)
3.8 Amended Certificate to Set Forth Designations, Voting Powers,
Preferences, Limitations, Restrictions, and Relative Rights of
Series A 6% Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.001 Par
Value Per Share, and Series B 6% Cumulative Convertible Preferred
Stock, $0.001 Par Value Per Share of ChemTrak Incorporated Filed in
the Office of the Secretary of State of Delaware on April 8, 1998.
4.1 Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2.
10.1 Form of Indemnification Agreement entered into between the Company
and its directors and officers, with related schedule. (1)
10.2+ 1988 Stock Option Plan, as amended. (2)
10.3+ Form of Incentive Stock Option under the Option Plan, as amended.
(1)
10.4+ Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option under the Option Plan, as
amended. (1)
10.5 Form of Notice of Exercise under the Option Plan, as amended. (1)
10.6 Investor Rights Agreement between the Company and the Series A
Purchasers, the Series C Purchasers, the Series D Purchasers,
Interhealth, and two of the Company's founders, dated June 4, 1991.
(1)
10.10* Distribution Agreement between the Company and A. Menarini SRL,
dated as of June 1991. (1)
10.11* Letter from the Company to The Boots Company PLC, dated December 5,
1991, and letter from The Boots Company PLC to the Company, dated
October 24, 1991. (1)
10.15 Lease Agreement between the Company and PM-DE, dated as of January
23, 1992. (1)(7)
10.16+ 1991 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. (1)
10.17+ 1992 Non-Employee Directors Stock Option Plan. (3)
10.18+ Form of Non-Statutory Option under the Directors Stock Option Plan.
(3)
10.24* Agreement between the Company and Miles Inc., dated April 22, 1993.
(4)
10.31 1993 Equity Incentive Plan. (5)
10.35* Distribution and Supply Agreement, dated as of March 1, 1995
between the Company and Astra Merck Inc. (8)
10.36* Distribution Agreement between the Company and Helena Laboratories
(Canada) Ltd. dated April 25, 1996. (9)
10.37* Agreement between the Company and Organon Teknika B.V., dated
December 1, 1996. (10)
10.38* Development and Distribution Agreement between the Company and
Selfcare, Inc., dated December 31, 1996.(10)
10.40 Consulting Agreement between the Company, Parent's Alert, Inc., a
Georgia corporation, and Sunny Cloud, an individual, dated April
30, 1997. (11)
10.41 License Agreement between the Company and Parent's Alert, Inc.
dated April 30, 1997. (11)
10.42 Termination Agreement between the Company and Astra Merck Inc.
dated September 25, 1997. (12)
10.43 Option Agreement between the Company and Astra Merck Inc. dated
September 25, 1997. (12)
10.44 Equipment Financing Agreement, dated as of December 31, 1997,
between Pentech Financial Services, Inc. and the Company. (13)
31
10.45 Equipment Financing Commitment, dated as of December 31, 1997, from
Pentech Financial Services, Inc. to the Company. (14)
16.1 Letter of Ernst & Young LLP dated December 18, 1997 regarding the
disclosure contained in Item 4 of the Current Report on Form 8-K.
(15)
23.1 Consent of Coopers & Lybrand L.L.P., Independent Accountants.
25.1 Power of Attorney. Reference is made to page 33.
27.1** Financial Data Schedule.
- --------
* Confidential treatment granted for portions of this document.
** Previously filed.
+ Compensatory Plan.
(1) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 33-44673), as amended.
(2) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-55326).
(3) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 33-55324).
(4) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1993.
(5) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1992.
(6) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 33-90324).
(7) Lease assigned to MP Arques, Inc. as part of the purchase of the property
from PM-DE.
(8) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Registration Statement on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 1995. A report on Form 8-K was filed with the Commission on September
25, 1997, reporting the termination of the Company's agreement with Astra
Merck Inc.
(9) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996.
(10) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1996.
(11) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 1997.
(12) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on September 25,
1997.
(13) Incorporated by reference to the exhibit marked 10.1 in the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 31,
1997.
(14) Incorporated by reference to the exhibit marked 10.2 in the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on December 31,
1997.
(15) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit in the Company's
Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed with the Commission on December 2,
1997.
(16) Incorporated by reference to the indicated exhibit on the Company's
Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-46745).
32
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Company has duly caused this report on Form 10-K to
be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on the
12th day of May, 1998.
Chemtrak Incorporated
/s/ Donald V. Fluken
By___________________________________
DONALD V. FLUKEN, VICE PRESIDENT,
FINANCE, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
AND SECRETARY
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears
below constitutes and appoints Donald V. Fluken his attorney-in-fact, with the
power of substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to sign any
amendments to this Report, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and
other documents in connections therewith, with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-
in-fact, or his substitute or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by
virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Company
and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURES TITLE DATE
---------- ----- ----
/s/ Prithipal Singh, Ph.D.* Chairman of the May 12, 1998
- ------------------------------------- Board
PRITHIPAL SINGH, PH.D.
/s/ Edward F. Covell* President, Chief May 12, 1998
- ------------------------------------- Executive Officer
EDWARD F. COVELL and Director
(Principal executive
officer)
/s/ Donald V. Fluken Vice President, May 12, 1998
- ------------------------------------- Finance, Chief
DONALD V. FLUKEN Financial Officer
and Secretary
(Principal financial
and accounting
officer)
/s/ Malcolm Jozoff* Director May 12, 1998
- -------------------------------------
MALCOLM JOZOFF
/s/ Robert P. Kiley* Director May 12, 1998
- -------------------------------------
ROBERT P. KILEY
Director
- -------------------------------------
DAVID RUBINFIEN
/s/ Gordon W. Russell* Director May 12, 1998
- -------------------------------------
GORDON W. RUSSELL
*By: /s/ Donald V. Fluken Vice President, May 12, 1998
- ------------------------------------- Finance, Chief
DONALD V. FLUKEN Financial Officer
and Secretary
33
REPORT OF COOPERS & LYBRAND L.L.P., INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
ChemTrak Incorporated
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of ChemTrak Incorporated as
of December 31, 1997, and the related statements of operations, stockholders'
equity, and cash flows for the year then ended and the financial statement
schedule for the year then ended listed in Item 14(a). These financial
statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the
Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audit. The
financial statements of ChemTrak Incorporated for the years ended December 31,
1996 and 1995 were audited by other auditors whose report dated January 17,
1997, expressed an unqualified opinion on those statements.
We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of ChemTrak Incorporated as
of December 31, 1997, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for
the year then ended in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule
referred to above, when considered in relation to the basic financial
statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the
information required to be included therein.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the
Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the
financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses from
operations that raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a
going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also
described in Note 1 to the financial statements. The financial statements do
not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this
uncertainty.
COOPERS & LYBRAND L.L.P.
San Jose, California
January 16, 1998, except for
Note 10, for which
the date is January 26, 1998
and Note 12 for which the
date is April 6, 1998
F-1
REPORT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
ChemTrak Incorporated
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of ChemTrak Incorporated as
of December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the related statements of operations,
stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period
ended December 31, 1996. These financial statements are the responsibility of
the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these
financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to
obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of
material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence
supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit
also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant
estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis
for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of ChemTrak Incorporated at
December 31, 1996 and 1995, and the results of its operations and its cash
flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 1996, in
conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Palo Alto, California
January 17, 1997
F-2
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------
1997 1996
----------- -----------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents.......................... $ 1,114,000 $ 4,125,000
Short-term investments............................. -- 567,000
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful
accounts of $118,000 in 1997 and $44,000 in 1996.. 220,000 485,000
Inventories........................................ 1,068,000 540,000
Prepaid expenses and other current assets.......... 201,000 320,000
----------- -----------
Total current assets............................. 2,603,000 6,037,000
Property and equipment, net.......................... 1,616,000 2,738,000
Other assets......................................... 66,000 66,000
----------- -----------
Total assets..................................... $ 4,285,000 $ 8,841,000
=========== ===========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable................................... $ 393,000 $ 289,000
Accrued payroll and benefits....................... 200,000 199,000
Other accrued liabilities.......................... 413,000 788,000
Current portion long-term debt..................... 200,000 --
Accrued royalties.................................. 293,000 105,000
----------- -----------
Total current liabilities........................ 1,499,000 1,381,000
Accrued rent......................................... 311,000 295,000
Convertible debentures............................... -- 2,135,000
Long-term debt, net of current portion............... 267,000 --
----------- -----------
Total liabilities................................ 2,077,000 3,811,000
----------- -----------
Commitments and contingencies (note 8).
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred Stock, $.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares
authorized; none issued and outstanding in 1997
and 1996.......................................... -- --
Common Stock, $.001 par value; 40,000,000 shares
authorized; 13,643,145 and 11,707,051 shares
issued and outstanding in 1997 and 1996,
respectively...................................... 14,000 12,000
Additional paid-in capital......................... 43,728,000 41,375,000
Deferred compensation.............................. (31,000) (49,000)
Accumulated deficit................................ (41,503,000) (36,308,000)
----------- -----------
Total stockholders' equity......................... 2,208,000 5,030,000
----------- -----------
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity....... $ 4,285,000 $ 8,841,000
=========== ===========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-3
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------
1997 1996 1995
----------- ----------- -----------
Net revenue:
Product revenue....................... $ 2,819,000 $ 2,463,000 $ 2,171,000
License termination and conversion
fee.................................. 2,750,000 -- 3,600,000
Initial license fee................... 333,000 -- 500,000
Funded research and other revenue..... 500,000 598,000 625,000
----------- ----------- -----------
Total net revenue................... 6,402,000 3,061,000 6,896,000
----------- ----------- -----------
Costs and expenses:
Cost of product revenue............... 3,572,000 3,201,000 3,191,000
Research and development.............. 1,897,000 2,439,000 4,293,000
Marketing, general and administrative. 6,371,000 4,431,000 2,941,000
----------- ----------- -----------
Total costs and expenses............ 11,840,000 10,071,000 10,425,000
----------- ----------- -----------
Operating loss.......................... (5,438,000) (7,010,000) (3,529,000)
Interest income......................... 243,000 59,000 260,000
Interest expense........................ -- (875,000) --
----------- ----------- -----------
Net loss................................ $(5,195,000) $(7,826,000) $(3,269,000)
=========== =========== ===========
Net loss per common share and per common
share--assuming dilution............... $ (0.40) $ (0.77) $ (0.34)
=========== =========== ===========
Shares used in calculating net loss per
common share and per common share--
assuming dilution...................... 12,916,000 10,228,000 9,649,000
=========== =========== ===========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-4
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
COMMON STOCK ADDITIONAL TOTAL
------------------ PAID-IN DEFERRED ACCUMULATED STOCKHOLDERS'
SHARES AMOUNT CAPITAL COMPENSATION DEFICIT EQUITY
---------- ------- ----------- ------------ ------------ -------------
Balances at January 1,
1995................... 9,242,068 $ 9,000 $36,599,000 $(50,000) $(25,213,000) $11,345,000
Shares issued in
conjunction with the
acquisition of Coonan
Clinical Laboratories. 449,986 1,000 900,000 -- -- 901,000
Shares issued upon
exercise of stock
purchase plan and
stock options......... 32,289 -- 63,000 -- -- 63,000
Amortization of
deferred compensation
and net
issuances/cancellations
of certain stock
options............... -- -- (34,000) 12,000 -- (22,000)
Net loss............... -- -- -- -- (3,269,000) (3,269,000)
---------- ------- ----------- -------- ------------ -----------
Balances at December 31,
1995................... 9,724,343 10,000 37,528,000 (38,000) (28,482,000) 9,018,000
Shares issued upon
conversion of
convertible
debentures............ 1,880,718 2,000 3,145,000 -- -- 3,147,000
Additional paid in
capital related to to
discount conversion
feature on convertible
debentures............ -- -- 539,000 -- -- 539,000
Shares issued upon
exercise of stock
purchase plan and
stock options......... 101,990 -- 148,000 -- -- 148,000
Amortization of
deferred compensation
and net
issuances/cancellations
of certain stock
options............... -- -- 15,000 (11,000) -- 4,000
Net loss............... -- -- -- -- (7,826,000) (7,826,000)
---------- ------- ----------- -------- ------------ -----------
Balances at December 31,
1996................... 11,707,051 12,000 41,375,000 (49,000) (36,308,000) 5,030,000
Shares issued upon
conversion of
convertible
debentures............ 1,835,764 2,000 1,943,000 -- -- 1,945,000
Additional paid in
capital related to
discount conversion
feature on convertible
debentures............ -- -- 336,000 -- -- 336,000
Shares issued upon
exercise of stock
purchase plan and
stock options......... 100,330 -- 81,000 -- -- 81,000
Amortization of
deferred compensation
and net
issuances/cancellations
of certain stock
options............... -- -- (7,000) 18,000 -- 11,000
Net loss............... -- -- -- -- (5,195,000) (5,195,000)
---------- ------- ----------- -------- ------------ -----------
Balances at December 31,
1997................... 13,643,145 $14,000 $43,728,000 $(31,000) $(41,503,000) $ 2,208,000
========== ======= =========== ======== ============ ===========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-5
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------
1997 1996 1995
----------- ----------- -----------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss.............................. $(5,195,000) $(7,826,000) $(3,269,000)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to
net cash used in operating
activities:
Interest expense and financing
charges on debentures.............. 145,000 1,121,000 --
Depreciation and amortization....... 1,064,000 832,000 1,055,000
Loss on disposal of fixed assets.... 193,000 -- 137,000
Accrued rent........................ 16,000 55,000 54,000
Stock option compensation........... 11,000 4,000 (22,000)
Purchase of in-process research and
development for common stock....... -- -- 901,000
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable................. 265,000 (349,000) 462,000
Inventories......................... (528,000) (106,000) 554,000
Prepaid expenses and other current
assets............................. 119,000 (75,000) (11,000)
Accounts payable.................... 104,000 (343,000) (186,000)
Accrued payroll and benefits........ 1,000 78,000 (399,000)
Other accrued liabilities........... (187,000) 521,000 (67,000)
----------- ----------- -----------
Net cash used in operating
activities......................... (3,992,000) (6,088,000) (791,000)
----------- ----------- -----------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of available for sale
securities........................... -- -- (506,000)
Proceeds from sales of available for
sale securities...................... 567,000 1,436,000 3,996,000
Purchases of property and equipment... (134,000) (322,000) (791,000)
----------- ----------- -----------
Net cash provided by investing
activities......................... 433,000 1,114,000 2,699,000
----------- ----------- -----------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common
stock................................ 81,000 148,000 63,000
Proceeds from issuance of long term
debt................................. 500,000 -- --
Repayment of long term debt........... (33,000) -- --
Proceeds from sale of convertible
debentures, net...................... -- 4,700,000 --
----------- ----------- -----------
Net cash provided by financing
activities......................... 548,000 4,848,000 63,000
----------- ----------- -----------
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents............................ (3,011,000) (126,000) 1,971,000
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of period.............................. 4,125,000 4,251,000 2,280,000
----------- ----------- -----------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of
period................................. $ 1,114,000 $ 4,125,000 $ 4,251,000
=========== =========== ===========
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash
financing activities:
Conversion of convertible debentures and
accrued interest to common stock....... $ 2,281,000 $ 3,686,000 $ --
=========== =========== ===========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
F-6
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Description of Business
ChemTrak operates in one industry segment and is engaged in the development,
manufacturing and marketing of easy-to-use diagnostic tests for the worldwide
over-the-counter and point-of-care markets.
The Company has funded its operations to date through product sales and
public and private equity and debt financings. The Company has suffered
recurring losses related primarily to research and development costs and
marketing expenditures on its products. The Company will require substantial
additional funding during 1998 in order to meet its current budgeted operating
needs and to complete the development and marketing activities in which it is
currently engaging, and to launch these products in the consumer marketplace.
The Company intends to seek additional funding through collaborative
agreements with corporate partners or through additional equity or debt
financings. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to enter
into such arrangements on acceptable terms, or at all or will be able to
successfully reduce discretionary spending by a sufficient amount on a timely
basis. These matters raise substantial doubt about the Company's ability to
continue as a going concern. The financial statements do not include any
adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments consisting primarily of
investment grade commercial paper placed with high-quality financial
institutions with original maturities of 90 days or less at the date of
acquisition.
Short-Term Investments
The Company invests cash in excess of current operating requirements
primarily in highly rated investments. Such investments have maturities of
more than 90 days and yield interest at prevailing interest rates at the time
of acquisition. The Company has classified its entire investment portfolio as
available-for-sale. Although the Company may not dispose of all of the
securities in its investment portfolio within one year, the Company's
investment portfolio is available for current operations and, therefore, has
been classified as a current asset. Investments in the available-for-sale
category are carried at fair value. At December 31, 1997 and 1996, short-term
investments consisted of United States government and agency securities of
zero and $567,000, respectively.
Gross unrealized gains and losses and net realized gains and losses were not
significant at December 31, 1997 or 1996. The cost basis of investments is
adjusted for amortization of premiums and discounts to maturity, which is
included in interest income. The cost of securities sold is based on the
specific identification method.
At December 31, 1996 scheduled maturities for all of the available-for-sale
securities were less than one year.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of standard cost (which approximates
actual cost on a first-in, first-out basis) or market.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost and depreciated using the
straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets
(principally five years). The Company amortizes leasehold improvements over
ten years
F-7
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
or the life of the lease, whichever is shorter. Maintenance and repairs are
charged to operations as incurred. In March 1995, the Financial Accounting
Standards Board ("FASB") issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard
("SFAS") No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for
Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed Of." SFAS No. 121 requires that long-lived
assets and certain identifiable intangibles to be held and used or disposed of
by an entity be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be
recoverable. The Company adopted this statement during 1996. To date,
management has determined that no impairment loss need be recognized for
applicable assets of continuing operations.
The Company classifies acquisitions of property and equipment utilized in
constructing equipment designed for specific products as construction-in-
progress until the time the product has been placed into service.
Revenue Recognition
Product revenues are generally recognized at the time of shipment to
customers or distributors. Initial license revenues are recorded when earned,
which is upon signing of the license agreement, confirmation of collectibility
and when no future obligations remain. The Company recognizes license
termination and conversion fees when earned, which is upon signing of the
license agreement, confirmation of collectibility and when no future
obligation remains. These fees are recognized as operating income to recover
the operating expenses and inventory costs that have been recorded prior to
termination or conversion of the contract. These operating expenses were
incurred by the Company to build and supply the expected product pipeline as
part of the original license agreement. The Company recognized license
termination and conversion fees of $2,750,000 and $3,600,000 in 1997 and 1995,
respectively. Funded research and other revenues are recorded upon the
completion of specific milestones or when associated performance obligations
are complete.
Research and Development
Research and development costs are charged to operations as incurred.
Co-op Advertising and Promotional Expenses
The Company expenses co-op advertising and promotional expenses as incurred.
Computation of Historical Net Loss Per Common Share and Per Common Share-
Assuming Dilution
The Company adopted SFAS Statement No. 128 "Earnings Per Share" and
accordingly all prior periods have been restated, as applicable. Net loss per
common share and per common share- assuming dilution, on a historical basis,
are computed using the weighted average number of shares of Common Stock
outstanding. Common equivalent shares from stock options and preferred stock
are excluded from the computation of net loss per common share, assuming
dilution as their effect is antidilutive. The number of options and warrants
excluded because they are antidilutive is 641,000, 1,343,000 and 46,000 for
the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
Income Taxes
The Company accounts for income taxes under the liability method, whereby
deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference
between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using
enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected
to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary
to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts expected to be realized.
F-8
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the financial statements and
accompanying disclosures. These estimates include assessing the collectability
of accounts receivable, recoverabilility of inventory and property and
equipment. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Concentration of Credit Risk and Other Risks and Uncertainties
The Company's cash and cash equivalents are maintained at three financial
institutions. Deposits at these institutions may exceed the amount of
insurance provided on such deposits.
The Company's products require approvals from the FDA and international
regulatory agencies prior to commercialized sales. There can be no assurance
that the Company's products will receive any of these required approvals. If
the Company was denied such approval or such approvals were delayed, it would
have a materially adverse impact on the Company.
The Company operates in an industry which experiences rapid technological
changes which may render inventories maintained by the Company obsolete.
The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and
maintains allowances for doubtful accounts. At December 31, 1997 and 1996, one
customer accounted for 16% and 14%, respectively, of gross accounts
receivable.
Reclassifications
Certain amounts in the financial statements have been reclassified to
conform with the current year's presentation. The reclassifications had no
impact on previously reported net losses.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive
Income." SFAS No. 130 establishes standards for the reporting and display of
comprehensive income and its components in a full set of general purpose
financial statements. Comprehensive income is defined as the change in equity
of a business enterprise during a period, resulting from transactions and
other events and circumstances from nonowner sources. The impact of adopting
SFAS No. 130, which is effective for the Company in 1998, has not been
determined.
In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 131, "Disclosure about Segments of an
Enterprise and Related Information." SFAS No. 131 requires publicly-held
companies to report financial and other information about key revenue-
producing segments of the entity for which such information is available and
is utilized by the chief operating decision maker. Specific information to be
reported for individual segments includes profit or loss, certain revenue and
expense items and total assets. A reconciliation of segment financial
information to amounts reported in the financial statements would be provided.
SFAS No. 131 is effective for the Company in 1998. The Company operates in one
business segment; namely, the development, manufacturing, and marketing of
easy-to-use diagnostic tests for the worldwide point-of-care markets.
F-9
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
2. ACQUISITION OF IN-PROCESS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
On February 3, 1995, the Company completed the acquisition of Coonan
Clinical Laboratories through a merger of Coonan Clinical Laboratories into a
wholly owned subsidiary of ChemTrak, later dissolved by ChemTrak, in which all
of the outstanding shares of capital stock of Coonan Clinical Laboratories
were exchanged for 449,986 newly issued shares of ChemTrak Common Stock plus
$400,000 in cash. The Company recorded a $1,500,000 charge in 1995 for in-
process research and development which is included in research and development
in the Company's statement of operations. Coonan Clinical Laboratories'
technology was comprised of efforts associated with a future filing with the
FDA for a home HIV test service. Coonan Clinical Laboratories was a
development stage company with insignificant net assets and operations which
consisted of approximately $100,000 of research and development expense
incurred during 1994 and until the time of the acquisition.
3. INVENTORIES
Inventories consist of the following:
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------
1997 1996
---------- --------
Raw materials............................................ $ 652,000 $289,000
Work-in-process.......................................... 37,000 63,000
Finished goods........................................... 379,000 188,000
---------- --------
$1,068,000 $540,000
========== ========
Inventories are stated net of reserves for obsolete and slow-moving items of
$213,000 and $618,000 at December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
4. CUSTOMER INFORMATION
The Company has entered into distribution arrangements with certain
corporate partners. The Company granted certain corporate partners exclusive
distribution rights for select markets, including through December 15, 1995,
the U.S. consumer retail market for the Company's cholesterol products. The
Company has agreed to supply the corporate partners with their product
requirements at contracted selling prices. Under two such agreements the
Company has received funded research payments.
The Company had an arrangement with Direct Access Diagnostics ("DAD"), a
division of Johnson & Johnson, for distribution of the Total Cholesterol Test
in the domestic over-the-counter market in 1994 and most of 1995. This
arrangement was terminated in December of 1995 and the Company received a
final payment of $3.6 million from DAD which is recorded as license
termination and conversion fees in the statements of operations in 1995. Net
sales to DAD represented 71% of total net sales for the year ended December
31, 1995. With this agreement terminated, the Company has directly entered the
U.S. retail market and relaunched its Total Cholesterol Test under the trade
name CholesTrak.
In February 1997, ChemTrak received FDA 510(k) clearance to market its
AccuMeter Theophylline Test.
In September 1997, the Company announced that it had re-acquired from Astra
Merck Inc. ("AMI") the rights to market the Company's H. pylori test in the
United States. The Company received a one-time payment of $2.4 million from
AMI, which is recorded as a license termination and conversion fee in the
statement of operations in 1997.
F-10
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Total export sales, primarily to European customers, were approximately
$172,000, $360,000, and $417,000 in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
For the year ended December 31, 1997, one customer accounted for 19% of
product revenue.
The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and in some
cases requires letters of credit for its export sales. Generally, no
collateral is required and credit losses have historically been within
management's expectations.
5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
Property and equipment comprise the following:
DECEMBER 31,
------------------------
1997 1996
----------- -----------
Machinery and equipment............................ $ 4,461,000 $ 3,830,000
Furniture and fixtures............................. 411,000 173,000
Leasehold improvements............................. 2,816,000 2,798,000
Construction-in-progress........................... -- 946,000
----------- -----------
7,688,000 7,747,000
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization..... (6,072,000) (5,009,000)
----------- -----------
$ 1,616,000 $ 2,738,000
=========== ===========
In 1996, the Company had $946,000 of construction-in-progress related to
hardware and equipment designed and purchased for use with the AWARE Home HIV
Test Service. During 1997, the Company placed most of this machinery and
equipment into service supporting the Parent's Alert Home Drug Test Service.
As of December 31, 1997, the Company had no construction-in-progress.
6. OTHER ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Other accrued liabilities comprise the following:
DECEMBER 31,
-----------------
1997 1996
-------- --------
Co-op advertising and promotion........................... $ 74,000 $237,000
Accrued professional fees................................. 86,000 155,000
Parent's Alert lab testing................................ 105,000 --
Reporting and printing.................................... 46,000 112,000
Other..................................................... 102,000 284,000
-------- --------
$413,000 $788,000
======== ========
7. LONG-TERM DEBT
In December 1997, the Company established a $1,000,000 fixed asset lease
line of credit with a lessor. $500,000 of the total lease line was disbursed
to the Company on December 31, 1997 under a 30-month lease term. The remainder
of the lease line will become available as the Company achieves certain
objectives.
Future payments of principal under the fixed asset lease line of credit are
as follows:
1998............................................................. $200,000
1999............................................................. 200,000
2000............................................................. 67,000
--------
$467,000
========
The carrying value of the Company's long-term debt approximates fair value.
F-11
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Licenses
The Company has entered into license agreements that allow the Company to
use certain technologies in its products. The agreements require the Company
to pay royalties based upon sales of the subject products with aggregate
royalties ranging from 4.0% to 6.0% of sales of the subject products. The
agreements expire upon the expiration of the related patents and are
cancelable by the Company upon six to twelve months written notice.
Litigation
The Company is a party to various legal actions that have occurred in the
normal course of business. In the opinion of management, the outcomes of these
actions will not have a material effect on the financial position, cash flows
or results of operations of the Company.
Operating Lease
The Company leases its facility under a noncancelable lease agreement. The
Company's facility lease expires in June 2002. Under the terms of the lease,
the Company is responsible for taxes, insurance, and maintenance expenses.
Future minimum lease payments at December 31, 1997 are as follows:
1998.......................................................... $ 683,000
1999.......................................................... 683,000
2000.......................................................... 789,000
2001.......................................................... 789,000
2002.......................................................... 394,000
----------
$3,338,000
==========
In August 1996, the Company subleased a portion of its facilities to a third
party. This sublease is scheduled to terminate in September 1998. Sublease
rental income was $147,000 for the year ended December 31, 1997. Aggregate
future minimum rentals to be received under the noncancelable sublease total
approximately $106,000 at December 31, 1997. Rent expense for the years ended
December 31, 1997, 1996, and 1995 was $667,000, $667,000, and $634,000,
respectively.
9. CONVERTIBLE DEBENTURES
In May 1996, the Company issued $5,000,000 of convertible debentures
resulting in net proceeds to the company of $4,700,000 after deducting selling
commissions. The debentures were convertible into Common Stock at the lower of
110% of the average closing prices during the ten-day trading period ending
with the initial debenture funding date, or 82.5% of the similarly-defined
average ten-day market price ending with the conversion date. The Company had
the option to convert the amount of periodic interest due on the convertible
debentures, computed at the rate of 7.5% per annum, into Common Stock of the
Company in lieu of cash payments. At December 31, 1997, all interest
obligations on the debentures have been settled by the issuance of Common
Stock.
At December 31, 1997, total principal of $5,000,000 had been converted into
3,598,084 shares of Common Stock and 118,398 shares were issued to settle
interest obligations. As part of its compensation for the sale of the
convertible debentures, the placement agent received $300,000 and a warrant to
purchase 83,500 shares of the Company's Common Stock at $5.00 per share. The
Company attributed a value of $67,000 to the warrant which has been recorded
as additional interest and paid in capital.
F-12
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
In December 1996, the Company determined that its previously reported
operating results and balance sheet data for the three-month periods ended
June 30, 1996 and September 30, 1996 required adjustment pursuant to
Securities and Exchange Commission guidance relating to debt that is
convertible to equity at a discount to market. The accompanying financial
statements for the year ended December 1996 reflect deemed non-cash interest
expense of $875,000.
10. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Preferred Stock
In January 1998, the Company raised proceeds of approximately $1,300,000
from the private placement of redeemable convertible Preferred Stock to seven
private investors. The Preferred Stock is convertible into Common Stock 60
days after closing. The Preferred Stock bears cumulative mandatory dividends
at an annual rate of 6%, payable in shares of stock or in cash at the
Company's option.
The Preferred Stock, after adjustment to account for any accrued dividend
that has not been paid in cash, is convertible at a conversion price equal to
the lower of (1) 75% of the five-day average closing bid prices on that date
of each individual closing or (2) 75% of the five-day average at the time of
the conversion.
Stock Warrants
During December 1997, the Company issued 133,333 warrants to purchase Common
Stock at $0.75 per share. These warrants expire on the earliest date that the
Company sells substantially all of its assets or the Company is acquired. All
warrants are fully vested.
Stock Option Plans
The 1988 Stock Plan authorizes the Board of Directors to grant options for
the purchase of the Company's common stock to directors, officers, employees
and consultants. The Company has authorized 983,333 shares of common stock for
grant under the plan. Options are generally granted at an exercise price of no
less than the fair market value per share on the date of grant. The options
generally become exercisable over a four-year period and have a maximum term
of ten years from date of grant.
In 1992, the Board of Directors, with the approval of the Company's
stockholders, adopted the 1992 Non-Employee Directors' Stock Option Plan
authorizing 50,000 shares of Common Stock for grant on a formula basis to
members of the Board of Directors. Options are granted at an exercise price
that is no less than the fair market value per share on the date of grant. The
options are exercisable ratably over a four-year period.
The 1993 Equity Incentive Plan approved 450,000 shares of Common Stock for
options, generally to be granted at no less than the fair market value per
share on the date of grant. The options will generally become exercisable over
a three year period commencing one year from the grant date and may remain
outstanding for a ten year period. The Company may also grant stock bonuses
and stock appreciation rights under the plan.
The options outstanding, as well as the options granted, exercised and
canceled, are summarized for each of the above plans in the table below. In
addition, the weighted average prices for options outstanding each year and
the option prices for shares granted, exercised and canceled are shown.
F-13
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
OUTSTANDING OPTIONS
------------------------------
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE
SHARES AVAILABLE NUMBER OF EXERCISE AGGREGATE
FOR GRANT SHARES PRICE PRICE
---------------- --------- -------- ----------
Balance at January 1, 1995.... 276,623 978,989 $4.84 $4,734,145
Granted..................... (821,600) 821,600 1.83 1,502,504
Exercised................... -- (2,888) 2.08 (5,679)
Canceled.................... 750,088 (750,088) 4.52 (3,387,109)
-------- --------- ----- ----------
Balance at December 31, 1995.. 205,111 1,047,613 2.71 2,843,861
Granted..................... (450,941) 450,941 2.99 1,348,411
Exercised................... -- (69,287) 1.35 (93,809)
Canceled.................... 297,226 (297,226) 2.95 (877,814)
-------- --------- ----- ----------
Balance at December 31, 1996.. 51,396 1,132,041 2.84 3,220,649
Additional options
authorized................. 650,000 -- --
Granted..................... (438,591) 438,591 0.94 413,795
Exercised................... -- (52,625) 0.75 (39,469)
Canceled.................... 297,140 (297,140) 2.21 (657,301)
Retired..................... (26,666) -- -- --
-------- --------- ----- ----------
Balance at December 31, 1997.. 533,279 1,220,867 $2.41 $2,937,674
======== ========= ===== ==========
The range of exercise prices for options outstanding at December 31, 1997
was $0.75 to $9.75. The range of exercise prices for options is wide due
primarily to fluctuations in the price of the Company's stock over the period
of grants.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
In December 1991, the Company adopted the 1991 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
(the "Purchase Plan") and 200,000 shares of common stock were reserved for
issuance under the Purchase Plan. The Purchase Plan is intended to qualify
under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the
"Code").
The Purchase Plan is administered by the Board of Directors or a committee
appointed by the Board of Directors. The Purchase Plan permits eligible
employees to purchase common stock through payroll deductions not to exceed
15% of an employee's compensation and at a price equal to 85% of the lower of
the fair market value of the common stock as of the first day or as of the
last day of each six-month offering period. Under the Purchase Plan, 47,705,
32,703, and 29,401 shares were issued in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
F-14
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
Stock-Based Compensation
The Company has adopted the disclosure only provisions of Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (SFAS No. 123) "Accounting for Stock-
Based Compensation." Had compensation cost for the 1988 Plan, the 1992
Directors Plan, the 1993 Plan, and the Employee Stock Purchase Plan been
determined based on the fair value at the grant date for awards in 1997 and
1996, consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 123, the Company's net loss
and net loss per common share and per common share--assuming dilution for the
years ended December 31, 1997 and 1996 would have increased to the pro forma
amounts indicated below:
1997 1996
---------- ----------
Net loss
As reported..................................... $5,195,000 $7,826,000
========== ==========
Pro forma....................................... $5,241,000 $8,053,000
========== ==========
Net loss per common share and per common share--
assuming dilution
As reported..................................... $ (0.40) $ (0.77)
========== ==========
Pro forma....................................... $ (0.41) $ (0.79)
========== ==========
The fair value of each option grant is estimated on the date of grant using
the Black Scholes model with the following weighted average assumptions:
Risk-free interest rate........ 5.60% - 6.50%
Expected life.................. 5 years
Expected dividends............. --
Expected volatility............ 1.3
The weighted average life was calculated based on the vesting period and the
anticipated exercise behavior of employees. The options outstanding and
exercisable by exercise price at December 31, 1997 are as follows:
OPTIONS OUTSTANDING OPTIONS EXERCISABLE
- ---------------------------------------------------- -----------------------
WEIGHTED
AVERAGE WEIGHTED WEIGHTED
RANGE OF REMAINING AVERAGE AVERAGE
EXERCISE NUMBER CONTRACTUAL EXERCISE NUMBER EXERCISE
PRICES OUTSTANDING LIFE (YRS.) PRICE EXERCISABLE PRICE
-------- ----------- ----------- -------- ----------- --------
$0.75--$2.125 753,255 8.67 $1.29 383,587 $1.39
$2.25--$4.75 425,612 6.78 3.85 288,314 3.85
$5.00--$9.75 42,000 5.59 6.74 38,662 6.86
--------- -------
1,220,867 710,563
========= =======
Deferred Compensation
For certain options granted, the Company recognizes as compensation for
accounting purposes, the excess of the deemed value of the common stock
issuable upon exercise of such options over the aggregate exercise price of
these options. The deferred compensation is being amortized ratably over the
vesting period of such options. The amount charged to operations was $11,000,
$19,000, and $61,000 in 1997, 1996 and 1995, respectively.
F-15
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
11. INCOME TAXES
The Company has no tax provision for the years ended December 31, 1997, 1996
and 1995. A reconciliation of the income tax provision at the U.S. federal
statutory rate (34%) to the income tax provision at the effective tax rate is
as follows:
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------------------
1997 1996 1995
----------- ----------- -----------
Income taxes computed at the
federal statutory rate $(1,767,000) $(2,661,000) $(1,111,000)
Operating losses not utilized 1,767,000 2,661,000 1,111,000
----------- ----------- -----------
$ -- $ -- $ --
=========== =========== ===========
As of December 31, 1997, the Company has federal and state net operating
loss carry forwards of approximately $35,018,000 and $7,843,000, respectively.
The federal net operating loss carry forwards will expire in the years 2002
through 2012, and the state net operating loss carry forwards will expire in
the years 1998 through 2001. The Company has federal and state research and
experimentation credits of approximately $700,000 and $497,000, respectively,
that will expire in the years 2004 through 2012.
Utilization of the net operating losses and credits may be subject to a
substantial annual limitation due to the ownership change limitations provided
by the Code and similar state provisions. The annual limitation may result in
the expiration of net operating losses and credits before utilization.
Deferred taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between
the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting
purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components
of the Company's deferred taxes consisted of the following at:
DECEMBER 31,
-------------------------
1997 1996
------------ ------------
Deferred tax assets:
Net operating losses.............................. $ 12,363,000 $ 11,093,000
Research credit carry forwards.................... 1,225,000 991,000
Other individually immaterial items............... 1,320,000 2,193,000
------------ ------------
Total deferred tax assets......................... 14,908,000 14,277,000
Valuation allowance............................... (14,908,000) (14,277,000)
------------ ------------
Total net deferred tax assets..................... $ -- $ --
============ ============
12. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
In January 1998, the Company raised proceeds of approximately $1,300,000
from the private placement of Series A Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
("Series A Preferred Stock") to seven private investors. The Series A
Preferred Stock is convertible into Common Stock 60 days after closing. The
Series A Preferred Stock bears cumulative mandatory dividends at an annual
rate of 6%, payable in shares of stock or in cash at the Company's option.
The Series A Preferred Stock, after adjustment to account for any accrued
dividend that has not been paid in cash, is convertible at a conversion price
equal to the lower of (1) 75% of the five-day average closing bid prices on
that date of each individual closing or (2) 75% of the five-day average at the
time of the conversion.
The Company anticipates that the impact on net loss per share from
recognizing the accounting treatment of the 25% conversion feature of the
Series A Preferred Stock will result in an increase in net loss per share
attributable to common stockholders of $0.032. The deemed dividend or return
to the preferred stockholders of $433,000 was accreted to accumulated deficit
in the first three months of 1998.
F-16
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED)
On March 2, 1998, the Company executed an agreement for advertising services
pursuant to which the Company will pay $250,000 in cash and will issue shares
of Common Stock valued at $500,000, such value to be determined based upon the
average closing bid price for the five previous trading days prior to the
closing of the agreement subject to certain antidilution rights as defined in
the agreement. In connection with the agreement, the Company paid a
transaction fee in the amount of $30,000 to First Capital Investments, Inc., a
transaction fee in the amount of $20,000 to PVH Fund Managers Limited, and an
additional $5,000 to Grow Marketing Services for services rendered in
connection with the preparation of an initial media plan. The agreement also
provides for the issuance of 59,259 warrants to purchase Common Stock,
exercisable for five years at a price of $.928 per share. The agreement also
provides for subsequent renewals of the agreement. Shares issued in connection
with the agreement will be restricted securities as that term is defined in
the Securities Act.
On April 6, 1998 the Company raised proceeds of approximately $1,002,000
from the private placement of Series B Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
("Series B Preferred Stock"). The Series B Preferred Stock is convertible into
Common Stock 90 days after closing. The Series B Preferred Stock bears
cumulative mandatory dividends at an annual rate of 6%, payable in shares of
stock or in cash at the Company's option.
The Series B Preferred Stock, after adjustment to account for any accrued
dividend that has not been paid in cash, is convertible at a conversion price
equal to 75% of the average closing bid price of the Common Stock for the five
trading days immediately preceding the date of conversion of the Series B
Preferred Stock, but at no event more than 100% of the average closing bid
price for the five trading days immediately preceding the date of issuance of
the Series B Preferred Stock.
The Company anticipates that the impact on net loss per share from
recognizing the accounting treatment of the 25% conversion feature of the
Series B Preferred Stock will result in an increase in net loss per share
attributable to common stockholders of $0.024. The deemed dividend or return
to the preferred stockholders of $334,000 will be accreted to accumulated
deficit in the second quarter of 1998.
F-17
SCHEDULE II
CHEMTRAK INCORPORATED
VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
FOR THE FISCAL YEARS ENDED 1997, 1996, AND 1995
BALANCE AT CHARGED TO WRITE-OFFS BALANCE AT
BEGINNING OF COSTS AND AND END OF
DESCRIPTION PERIOD EXPENSES ADJUSTMENTS PERIOD
----------- ------------ ---------- ----------- ----------
ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBTFUL
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Fiscal Year Ended 1997......... $44,000 $74,000 $ -- $118,000
======= ======= ======== ========
Fiscal Year Ended 1996......... $49,000 $ -- $(5,000) $44,000
======= ======= ======== ========
Fiscal Year Ended 1995......... $49,000 $ -- $ -- $49,000
======= ======= ======== ========