Exhibit 3.2
BY-LAWS
OF
UNIVERSAL TANNING VENTURES, INC.
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
1.1 Registered Office: The registered office shall be established and
maintained at 600 E. Altamonte Drive and Business Filings, Inc. shall be the
registered agent of the Corporation in charge thereof.
1.2 Other Offices: The corporation may have other offices, either within or
without the State of Delaware, at such place or places as the Board of Directors
may from time to time appoint or the business of the corporation may require,
provided, however, that the corporation's books and records shall be maintained
at such place within the continental United States as the Board of Directors
shall from time to time designate.
ARTICLE II
STOCKHOLDERS
2.1 Place of Stockholders Meetings: All meetings of the stockholders of the
corporation shall be held at such place or places, within or outside the State
of Delaware as may be fixed by the Board of Directors from time to time or as
shall be specified in the respective notices thereof. The Board of Directors
may, in its sole discretion, determine that the meeting shall not be held at any
place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication.
Stockholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting of
stockholders may, by means of remote communication participate in a meeting of
stockholders and be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of
stockholders whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely
by means of remote communication, provided that (i) the corporation shall
implement reasonable measures to verify that each person deemed present and
permitted to vote at the meeting by means of remote communication is a
stockholder or proxyholder, (ii) the corporation shall implement reasonable
measures to provide such stockholders and proxyholders a reasonable opportunity
to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters submitted to stockholders,
including an opportunity to read or hear the proceedings of the meeting
substantially concurrently with such proceedings, and (iii) if any stockholder
or proxyholder votes Or takes other action at the meeting by means of remote
communication, a record of such vote or other action shall be maintained by the
corporation.
2.2 Date and Hour of Annual Meetings of Stockholders: An annual meeting of
stockholders shall be held each year within five months after the close of the
fiscal year of the Corporation.
1
2.3 Purpose of Annual Meetings: At each annual meeting, the stockholders
shall elect the members of the Board of Directors for the succeeding year. At
any such annual meeting any further proper business may be transacted.
2.4 Special Meetings of Stockholders: Special meetings of the stockholders
or of any class or series thereof entitled to vote may be called by the
President or by the Chairman of the Board of Directors, or at the request in
writing by stockholders of record owning at least fifty (50%) percent of the
issued and outstanding voting shares of common stock of the corporation.
2.5 Notice of Meetings of Stockholders: Except as otherwise expressly
required or permitted by law, not Less than ten days nor more than sixty days
before the date of every stockholders' meeting the Secretary shall give to each
stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting, written notice, served
personally by mail or by telegram, stating [he place, date and hour of the
meeting the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and
proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting,
and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the
meeting is called. Such notice, if mailed shall be deemed to be given when
deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the
stockholder at his address for notices to such stockholder as it appears on the
records of the corporation. Any notice to stockholders shall be effective if
given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by [he stockholder to
whom notice is to be given.
2.6 Quorum of Stockholders:
(a) Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or
by law, at any meeting of the stockholders, the presence in person or by
proxy of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of the votes thereat
shall constitute a quorum. The withdrawal of any shareholder after the
commencement of a meeting shall have no effect on the existence of a
quorum, after a quorum has been established at such meeting.
(b) At any meeting of the stockholders at which a quorum shall be
present, a majority of voting stockholders, present in person or by proxy,
may adjourn the meeting from time to time without notice other than
announcement at the meeting. In the absence of a quorum, the officer
presiding thereat shall have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time
until a quorum shall be present. Notice of any adjourned meeting, other
than announcement at the meeting, shall not be required to be given except
as provided in paragraph (d) below and except where expressly required by
law.
(c) At any adjourned session at which a quorum shall be present, any
business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting
originally called but only those stockholders entitled to vote at the
meeting as originally noticed shall be entitled to vote at any adjournment
or adjournments thereof, unless a new record date is fixed by the Board of
Directors.
(d) If an adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the
adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice
of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record
entitled to vote at the meeting.
2
2.7 Chairman and Secretary of Meeting: The President, shall preside at
meetings of the stockholders. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the
meeting or if he is not present, then the presiding officer may appoint a person
to act as secretary of the meeting.
2.8 Voting by Stockholders: Except as may be otherwise provided by the
Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, at every meeting of the
stockholders each stockholder shall be entitled to one vote for each share of
voting stock standing in his name on the hooks of the corporation on the record
date for the meeting. Except as otherwise provided by these by-laws, all
elections and questions shall be decided by the vote of a majority in interest
of the stockholders present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to
vote at the meeting.
2.9 Proxies: Any stockholder entitled to vote at any meeting of
stockholders may vote either in person or by proxy. A proxy may be in writing,
subscribed by the stockholder or his duly authorized attorney-in-fact, but need
not be dated, sealed, witnessed or acknowledged. A stockholder may authorize
another person to act for such stockholder as proxy by transmitting a telegram,
cablegram or other means of electronic transmission to the proxyholder, provided
that any such communication must either set forth or be submitted with
information from which it can be determined that such communication was
authorized by the stockholder.
2.10 Inspectors: The election of directors and any other vote by ballot at
any meeting of the stockholders shall be supervised by at least two inspectors.
Such inspectors may be appointed by the presiding officer before or at the
meeting; or if one or both inspectors so appointed shall refuse to serve or
shall not be present, such appointment shall be made by the officer presiding at
the meeting.
2.11 List of Stockholders:
(a) At least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, the
Secretary shall prepare and make a complete list of the stockholders
entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and
showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered
in the name of each stockholder.
(b) During ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days
prior to the meeting, such list shall be open to examination by any
stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting, either at the principal
place of business of the corporation or on a reasonably accessible
electronic network, and the information required to gain access to such
list is provided with the notice of the meeting. If the meeting is to be
held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and
place where the meeting is to be held and may be inspected by any
stockholder who is present. If the meeting is to be held solely by means of
remote communication, then the list shall be open to inspection of any
stockholder during the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic
network and the information required to access such list shall be provided
with the notice of the meeting.
(c) The stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are the
stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger, the list required by
this Section 2.11 or the books of the corporation, or to vote in person or
by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.
3
2.12 Procedure at Stockholders' Meetings: Except as otherwise provided by
these by-laws or any resolutions adopted by the stockholders or Board of
Directors, the order of business and all other matters of procedure at every
meeting of stockholders shall be determined by the presiding officer.
2.13 Action By Consent Without Meeting: Unless otherwise provided by the
Certificate of Incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or
special meeting of stockholders, or any action which may be taken at any annual
or special meeting, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and
without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken,
shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the
minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action
at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and
voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by
less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who
have not consented in writing. An electronic transmission consenting to an
action to be taken and transmitted by a stockholder or proxyholder shall be
deemed to be written, signed and dated for the purposes of this section provided
that such electronic transmission sets forth information from which the
corporation can determine that the electronic transmission was transmitted by
the stockholder or proxyholder and the date on which the stockholder or
proxyholder transmitted such electronic transmission. The date on which such
electronic transmission is transmitted shall be deemed the date on which such
consent was signed. No consent given by electronic transmission shall be deemed
delivered until reproduced in paper and delivered to the corporation at its
registered office in the state, its principal place of business or an officer
having custody of the record book of stockholder meetings in the manner provided
by the board of directors.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
3.1 Powers of Directors: The property, business and affairs of the
corporation shall be managed by its Board of Directors which may exercise all
the powers of the corporation except such as are by the law of the State of
Delaware or the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws required to be
exercised or done by the stockholders.
3.2 Number, Method of Election, Terms of Office of Directors: The number
of directors which shall constitute the Board of Directors shall be one (1)
unless and until otherwise determined by a vote of a majority of the entire
Board of Directors. Each Director shall hold office until the next annual
meeting of stockholders and until his successor is elected and qualified,
provided, however, that a director may resign at any time. Directors need not be
stockholders. All elections of directors shall be by written ballot, unless
otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation; if authorized by the
board of directors, such requirement of a written ballot shall be satisfied by a
ballot submitted by electronic transmission, provided that any such electronic
transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which
it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the
stockholder or proxyholder.
4
3.3 Vacancies on Board of Directors; Removal:
(a) Any director may resign his office at any time by delivering his
resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to the Chairman of the
Board or to the President. It will take effect at the time specified
therein or, if no time is specified, it will be effective at the time of
its receipt by the corporation. The acceptance of a resignation shall not
be necessary to make it effective, unless expressly so provided in the
resignation.
(b) Any vacancy in the authorized number of directors maybe filled by
majority vote of the stockholders and any director so chosen shall hold
office until the next annual election of directors by the stockholders and
until his successor is duly elected and qualified or until his earlier
resignation or removal.
(c) Any director may be removed with or without cause at any time by
the majority vote of the stockholders given at a special meeting of the
stockholders called for that purpose.
3.4 Meetings of the Board of Directors:
(a) The Board of Directors may hold their meetings, both regular and
special, either within or outside the State of Delaware.
(b) Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such
time and place as shall from time to time be determined by resolution of
the Board of Directors. No notice of such regular meetings shall be
required. If the date designated for any regular meeting be a legal
holiday, then the meeting shall be held on the next day which is not a
legal holiday.
(c) The first meeting of each newly elected Board of Directors shall
be held immediately following the annual meeting of the stockholders for
the election of officers and the transaction of such other business as may
come before it, If such meeting is held at the place of the stockholders'
meeting, no notice thereof shall be required.
(d) Special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held whenever
called by direction of the Chairman of the Board or the President or at the
written request of any one director.
(e) The Secretary shall give notice to each director of any special
meeting of the Board of Directors by mailing the same at least three days
before the meeting or by telegraphing, telexing, or delivering the same not
later than the date before the meeting.
Unless required by law, such notice need not include a statement of
the business to be transacted at, or the purpose of, any such meeting Any
and all business may be transacted at any meeting of the Board of
Directors. No notice of any adjourned meeting need be given. No notice to
or waiver by any director shall be required with respect to any meeting at
which the director is present.
5
3.5 Quorum and Action: Unless provided otherwise by law or by the
Certificate of incorporation or these by-laws, a majority of the Directors shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business; but if there shall be less
than a quorum at any meeting of the Board, a majority of those present may
adjourn the meeting from time to time. The vote of a majority of the Directors
present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be necessary to
constitute the act of the Board of Directors.
3.6 Presiding Officer and Secretary of the Meeting: The President, or, in
his absence a member of the Board of Directors selected by the members present,
shall preside at meetings of the Board. The Secretary shall act as secretary of
the meeting, but in his absence the presiding officer may appoint a secretary of
the meeting.
3.7 Action by Consent Without Meeting: Any action required or permitted to
be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof
may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the
case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the
writing or writings or electronic transmission or electronic transmissions are
filed with the minutes or proceedings of the Board or committee. Such filing
shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be
in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
3.8 Action by Telephonic Conference: Members of the Board of Directors, or
any committee designated by such board, may participate in a meeting of such
board or committee by means of conference telephone or other communications
equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear
each other, and participation in such a meeting shall constitute presence in
person at such meeting.
3.9 Committees: The Board of Directors shall, by resolution or resolutions
passed by a majority of Directors designate may designate one or more
committees, each of such committees to consist of one or more Directors of the
Corporation, for such purposes as the Board shall determine. The Board may
designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may
replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of such committee.
3.10 Compensation of Directors: Directors shall receive such reasonable
compensation for their service on the Board of Directors or any committees
thereof, whether in the form of salary or a fixed fee for attendance at
meetings, or both, with expenses, if any, as the Board of Directors may from
time to time determine, Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude
any Director from serving in any other capacity and receiving compensation
therefor.
ARTICLE IV
OFFICERS
4.1 Officers, Title, Elections, Terms:
(a) The elected officers of the corporation shall be a President, a
Treasurer and a Secretary, and such other officers as the Board of
Directors shall deem advisable. The officers shall be elected by the Board
of Directors at its annual meeting following the
6
annual meeting of the stockholders, to serve at the pleasure of the Board o
otherwise as shall be specified by the Board at the time of such election
and until their successors are elected and qualified.
(b) The Board of Directors may elect or appoint at any time, and from
time to time, additional officers or agents with such duties as it may deem
necessary or desirable. Such additional officers shall serve at the
pleasure of the Board or otherwise as shall be specified by the Board at
the time of such election or appointment. Two or more offices may be held
by the same person.
(c) Any vacancy in any office may be filled for the unexpired portion
of the term by the Board of Directors.
(d) Any officer may resign his office at any time. Such resignation
shall be made in writing and shall take effect at the time specified
therein or, if no time be specified, at the time of its receipt by the
corporation. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make
it effective, unless expressly so provided in the resignation.
(e) The salaries of all officers of the corporation shall be fixed by
the Board of Directors.
4.2 Removal of Elected Officers: Any elected officer may be removed at any
time, either with or without cause, by resolution adopted at any regular or
special meeting of the Board of Directors by a majority of the Directors then in
office.
4.3 Duties:
(a) President: The President shall be the principal executive officer
of the corporation and, subject to the control of the Board of Directors,
shall supervise and control all the business and affairs of the
corporation. He shall, when present, preside at all meetings of the
stockholders and of the Board of Directors. He shall see that all orders
and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect (unless
any such order or resolution shall provide otherwise), and in general shall
perform all duties incident to the office of president and such other
duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.
(b) Treasurer: The Treasurer shall (1) have charge and custody of and
be responsible for all funds and securities of the Corporation; (2) receive
and give receipts for moneys due and payable to the corporation from any
source whatsoever; (3) deposit all such moneys in the name of the
corporation in such banks, trust companies, or other depositaries as shall
be selected by resolution of the Board of Directors; and (4) in general
perform all duties incident to the office of treasurer and such other
duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the President or by
the Board of Directors. He shall, if required by the Board of Directors,
give a bond for the faithful discharge of his duties in such sum and with
such surety or sureties as the Board of Directors shall determine.
7
(c) Secretary: The Secretary shall (1) keep the minutes of the
meetings of the stockholders, the Board of Directors, and all committees,
if any, of which a secretary shall not have been appointed, in one or more
books provided for that purpose; (2) see that all notices are duly given in
accordance with the provisions of these by-laws and as required by law; (3)
be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the corporation
and see that the seal of the corporation is affixed to all documents, the
execution of which on behalf of the corporation under its seal, is duly
authorized; (4) keep a register of the post office address of each
stockholder which shall be furnished to the Secretary by such stockholder;
(5) have general charge of stock transfer books of the Corporation; and (6)
in general perform all duties incident to the office of secretary and such
other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the President
or by the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL STOCK
5.1 Stock Certificates:
(a) Every holder of stock in the corporation shall be entitled to have
a certificate signed by, or in the name of, the corporation by the
President and by the Treasurer or the Secretary, certifying the number of
shares owned by him.
(b) If such certificate is countersigned by a transfer agent other
than the corporation or its employee, or by a registrar other than the
corporation or its employee, the signatures of the officers of the
corporation may be facsimiles, and, if permitted by law, any other
signature may be a facsimile.
(c) In case any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature
has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer
before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with
the same effect as if he were such officer at the date of issue.
(d) Certificates of stock shall be issued in such form not
inconsistent with the Certificate of Incorporation as shall be approved by
the Board of Directors, and shall be numbered and registered in the order
in which they were issued.
(e) All certificates surrendered to the corporation shall be canceled
with the date of cancellation, and shall be retained by the Secretary,
together with the powers of attorney to transfer and the assignments of the
shares represented by such certificates, for such period of time as shall
be prescribed from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors.
5.2 Record Ownership: A record of the name and address of the holder of
such certificate, the number of shares represented thereby and the date of issue
thereof shall be made on the corporation's books. The corporation shall be
entitled to teat the holder of any share of stock as the holder in fact thereof,
and accordingly shall not be bound to recognize any equitable
8
or other claim to or interest in any share on the part of any other person,
whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as required
by law.
5.3 Transfer of Record Ownership: Transfers of stock shall be made on the
books of the corporation only by direction of the person named in the
certificate or his attorney, lawfully constituted in writing, and only upon the
surrender of the certificate therefor and a written assignment of the shares
evidenced thereby. Whenever any transfer of stock shalt be made for collateral
security, and not absolutely, it shall be so expressed in the entry of the
transfer if, when the certificates are presented to the corporation for
transfer, both the transferor and the transferee request the corporation to do
so.
5.4 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates: Certificates representing
shares of the stock of the corporation shall be issued in place of any
certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed in such manner and on
such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors from time to time may
authorize.
5.5 Transfer Agent; Registrar; Rules Respecting Certificates: The
corporation may maintain one or more transfer offices or agencies where stock of
the corporation shall be transferable. The corporation may also maintain one or
more registry offices where such stock shall be registered. The Board of
Directors may make such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient
concerning the issue, transfer and registration of stock certificates.
5.6 Fixing Record Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record: The
Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a date as the record date for the
purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of, or to vote at, any
meeting of the stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or the stockholders
entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or the
allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any
change, conversion or exchange of stock, or to express consent to corporate
action in writing without a meeting, or in order to make a determination of the
stockholders for the purpose of any other lawful action. Such record date in any
case shall be not more than sixty days nor less than ten days before the date of
a meeting of the stockholders, nor more than sixty days prior to any other
action requiring such determination of the stockholders. A determination of
stockholders of record entitled to notice or to vote at a meeting of
stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however,
that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
5.7 Dividends: Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of
Incorporation, the Board of Directors may, out of funds legally available
therefor at any regular or special meeting, declare dividends upon the capital
stock of the corporation as and when they deem expedient. Before declaring any
dividend there may be set apart out of any funds of the corporation available
for dividends, such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time in
their discretion deem proper for working capital or as a reserve fund to meet
contingencies or for equalizing dividends or for such other purposes as the
Board of Directors shall deem conducive to the interests of the corporation.
9
ARTICLE VI
SECURITIES HELD BY THE CORPORATION
6.1 Voting: Unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise order, the
President, the Secretary or the Treasurer shall have full power and authority,
on behalf of the corporation, to attend, act and vote at any meeting of the
stockholders of any corporation in which the corporation may hold stock, and at
such meeting to exercise any or all rights and powers incident to the ownership
of such stock, and to execute on behalf of the corporation a proxy or proxies
empowering another or others to act as aforesaid. The Board of Directors from
time to time may confer like powers upon any other person or persons.
6.2 General Authorization to Transfer Securities Held by the Corporation:
(a) Any of the following officers, to wit: the President and the
Treasurer shall be, and they hereby are, authorized and empowered to
transfer, convert, endorse, sell, assign, set over and deliver any and all
shares of stock, bonds, debentures, notes, subscription warrants, stock
purchase warrants, evidence of indebtedness, or other securities now or
hereafter standing in the name of or owned by the corporation, and to make,
execute and deliver, under the seal of the corporation, any and all written
instruments of assignment and transfer necessary or proper to effectuate
the authority hereby conferred.
(b) Whenever there shall be annexed to any instrument of assignment
and transfer executed pursuant to and in accordance with the foregoing
paragraph (a), a certificate of the Secretary of the corporation in office
at the date of such certificate setting forth the provisions of this
Section 6.2 and stating that they are in full force and effect and setting
forth the names of persons who are then officers of the corporation, then
all persons to whom such instrument and annexed certificate shall
thereafter come, shall be entitled, without further inquiry or
investigation and regardless of the date of such certificate, to assume and
to act in reliance upon the assumption that the shares of stock or other
securities named in such instrument were theretofore duly and properly
transferred, endorsed, sold, assigned, set over and delivered by the
corporation, and that with respect to such securities the authority of
these provisions of the by-laws and of such officers is still in full force
and effect.
ARTICLE VII
MISCELLANEOUS
7.1 Signatories: All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of
money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the
corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or
persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.
7.2 Seal: The seal of the corporation shall be in such form and shall have
such content as the Board of Directors shall from Lime to time determine.
10
7.3 Notice and Waiver of Notice: Whenever any notice of the time, place or
purpose of any meeting of the stockholders, directors or a committee is required
to be given under the law of the State of Delaware, the Certificate of
Incorporation or these by-laws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the
person or persons entitled to such notice, or a waiver by electronic
transmission by the person entitled to notice whether before or after the
holding thereof, or actual attendance at the meeting in person or, in the case
of any stockholder, by his attorney-in-fact, shall be deemed equivalent to the
giving of such notice to such persons.
7.4 Indemnity: The corporation shall indemnify its directors, officers and
employees to the fullest extent allowed by law, provided, however, that it shall
be within the discretion of the Board of Directors whether to advance any funds
in advance of disposition of any action, suit or proceeding, and provided
further that nothing in this section 7.4 shall be deemed to obviate the
necessity of the Board of Directors to make any determination that
indemnification of the director, officer or employee is proper under the
circumstances because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in
subsections (a) and (b) of Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.
7.5 Fiscal Year: Except as from time to time otherwise determined by the
Board of Directors, the fiscal year of the corporation shall end on December 31.
11