As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 7, 2007
Registration No. 333-124791
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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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POST-EFFECTIVE AMENDMENT NO. 4
TO
FORM S-1
ON
FORM SB-2
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
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GRAPHON CORPORATION
(Name of Small Business Issuer in its Charter)
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Delaware 6770 13-3899021
(State of (Primary Standard Industrial (I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation) Classification Code Number) Number)
5400 Soquel Avenue, Suite A2
Santa Cruz, California 95062
(800) 472-7466
(Address and Telephone Number of Principal Executive Offices)
5400 Soquel Avenue, Suite A2
Santa Cruz, California 95062
(Address of Principal Place of Business)
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William Swain Copy to:
Secretary and Chief Financial Ira I. Roxland
Officer Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP
GraphOn Corporation 1221 Avenue of the Americas
5400 Soquel Avenue, Suite A2 New York, New York 10020
Santa Cruz, California 95062 Telephone: (212) 768-6700
(800) 472-7466 Fax: (212) 768-6800
(Name, Address and Telephone
Number of Agent for Service)
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Approximate date of proposed sale to the public: From time to time after
the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered
on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act
of 1933, check the following box. [X]
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering
pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and
list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective
registration statement for the same offering. [ ]
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d)
under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act
registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement
for the same offering. [ ]
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434,
check the following box. [ ]
Pursuant to Rule 429 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, the
prospectus forming a part of this Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 to Form S-1 on
Form SB-2 also relates to the Registrant's Registration Statement to Form S-3 on
Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-112758), effective on May 14, 2004.
Prospectus
GRAPHON CORPORATION
43,432,598 Shares of Common Stock
-----------------------
This prospectus relates to the offer and sale from time to time of up to
43,432,598 shares of our common stock by the persons described in this
prospectus, whom we call the "selling stockholders." Of such 43,432,598
shares, 29,333,398 shares are being offered for resale by current
stockholders and 14,099,200 shares are being offered for resale upon
exercise of warrants and options held by certain of the selling
stockholders. We are registering these shares as required by the terms of
registration rights agreements between the selling stockholders and us.
Such registration does not mean that the selling stockholders will
actually offer or sell any of these shares. We will receive no proceeds
from the sale of any of these shares if the selling stockholders sell
them.
Our common stock is currently traded on the OTC Bulletin Board under the
symbol "GOJO." The closing price of our common stock on February 2, 2007
was $0.16 per share.
This investment involves risks. You should refer to the discussion of risk
factors, beginning on page 4 of this prospectus.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory
body has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this
prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is
a criminal offense.
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________, 2007
Table of Contents
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Page
Forward Looking Statements.....................................................i
Prospectus Summary.............................................................1
Risk Factors...................................................................4
Price Range Of Common Stock....................................................8
Selected Financial Data.......................................................10
Management's Discussion And Analysis Of Financial Condition
And Results Of Operations....................................................11
Business......................................................................26
Management....................................................................35
Certain Transactions..........................................................38
Principal Stockholders........................................................40
Selling Stockholders..........................................................42
Plan Of Distribution..........................................................46
Description Of Our Securities.................................................47
Legal Matters.................................................................48
Experts.......................................................................48
Where You Can Find More Information...........................................48
Index To Financial Statements.................................................49
Forward Looking Statements
Because we want to provide you with meaningful and useful information, this
prospectus contains certain forward-looking statements that reflect our
current expectations regarding our future results of operations, performance
and achievements. We have tried, wherever possible, to identify these
forward-looking statements by using words such as "anticipate," "believe,"
"estimate," "expect," "plan," "intend" and similar expressions. These
statements reflect our current beliefs and are based on information currently
available to us. Accordingly, these statements are subject to certain risks,
uncertainties and contingencies, including the factors set forth under "Risk
Factors," which could cause our actual results, performance or achievements
to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, any of these
statements. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking
statements. Except as otherwise required by federal securities laws, we
undertake no obligation to release publicly the results of any revisions to
any such forward-looking statements that may be made to reflect events or
circumstances after the date of this prospectus or to reflect the occurrence
of unanticipated events.
i
Prospectus Summary
The following summary does not contain all the information that may be
important to you in making a decision to acquire our common stock. For a more
complete understanding of our company and our common stock, you should read the
entire prospectus, including the risks described under "Risk Factors" found
elsewhere in this prospectus.
Overview
We are developers of business connectivity software, including Unix, Linux
and Windows server-based software, with an immediate focus on web-enabling
applications for use and/or resale by independent software vendors (ISVs),
application service providers (ASPs), corporate enterprises, governmental and
educational institutions, and others.
Server-based computing, sometimes referred to as thin-client computing,
is a computing model where traditional desktop software applications are
relocated to run entirely on a server, or host computer. This centralized
deployment and management of applications reduces the complexity and total costs
associated with enterprise computing. Our software architecture provides
application developers with the ability to relocate applications traditionally
run on the desktop to a server, or host computer, where they can be run over a
variety of connections from remote locations to a variety of display devices.
With our server-based software, applications can be web enabled, without any
modification to the original application software required, allowing the
applications to be run from browsers or portals. Our server-based technology can
web-enable a variety of Unix, Linux or Windows applications.
On January 31, 2005, we acquired Network Engineering Software, Inc.
("NES"), which was engaged in the development and patenting of proprietary
technologies relating to the submission, storage, retrieval and security of
information remotely accessed by computers, typically through computer networks
or the Internet. In a contemporaneous private placement, we raised a total of
$4,000,000 (the "2005 private placement") inclusive of a $665,000 credit, as
described elsewhere in this prospectus.
We are a Delaware corporation, founded in May of 1996. Our headquarters
are located at 5400 Soquel Avenue, Suite A2, Santa Cruz, California, 95062 and
our phone number is 1-800-GRAPHON (1-800-472-7466). Our Internet website is
http://www.graphon.com. The information on our website is not part of this
prospectus. We also have offices in Concord, New Hampshire, Rolling Hills
Estates, California, Tel-Aviv, Israel and Berkshire, England, United Kingdom.
The Offering
Common stock offered for sale
by the selling stockholders.................... 43,432,598 shares (1)
Common stock to be outstanding
after this offering............................ 60,918,972 shares (1)(2)
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(1) Includes 12,849,200 and 1,250,000 shares issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding warrants and options, respectively, held by the selling
stockholders.
(2) Based upon our issued and outstanding shares of common stock as of
December 6, 2006. This number excludes 6,050,343 shares of our common stock,
which are either issuable upon exercise of our outstanding options or are
represented by restricted stock awards which have not yet vested. An additional
1,322,818 shares are reserved for future grants under our equity compensation
plans and 43,730 shares are reserved for purchase pursuant to our employee stock
purchase plan.
2
Summary Consolidated Financial Statements
The following financial data should be read in conjunction with
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" and our historical consolidated financial statements and the notes
thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. We derived the consolidated
statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 and
the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2005 from our audited
consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We
derived the statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2003,
2002 and 2001 and the balance sheet data as of December 31, 2004, 2003, 2002 and
2001 from our audited consolidated financial statements not included in this
prospectus. We derived the consolidated statement of operations data for the
nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 and the consolidated balance sheet
data as of September 30, 2006 from our unaudited financial statements included
elsewhere in this prospectus and the consolidated balance sheet data as of
September 30, 2005 from our unaudited financial statements not included in this
prospectus, which include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items)
that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements.
Nine Months Ended
Year Ended December 31, September 30,
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2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2006 2005
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Statement of Operations Data: (Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
Revenue $ 5,180 $ 3,530 $ 4,170 $ 3,535 $ 5,911 $ 3,899 $ 3,633
Cost of revenue 504 904 1,371 1,680 2,613 378 367
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Gross profit 4,676 2,626 2,799 1,855 3,298 3,521 3,266
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Operating expenses
Selling and marketing 1,523 1,384 1,680 2,235 5,989 1,213 1,014
General and administrative 3,042 1,183 1,419 2,801 4,561 2,976 2,252
Research and development 1,278 1,501 1,515 2,831 4,134 1,441 970
Asset impairment loss - - - 914 4,501 - -
Restructuring charge - - 80 1,943 - - -
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Total operating expenses 5,843 4,068 4,694 10,724 19,185 5,630 4,236
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Loss from operations (1,167) (1,442) (1,895) (8,869) (15,887) (2,109) (970)
Other income (expense), net 38 15 8 77 410 32 25
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Loss before provision for
income taxes (1,129) (1,427) (1,887) (8,792) (15,477) (2,077) (945)
Provision for income taxes 18 - - - 1 5 -
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Net loss (1,147) (1,427) (1,887) (8,792) (15,478) (2,082) (945)
Deemed dividends on preferred
stock (4,000) - - - - - (4,000)
Other comprehensive income
(loss), net of tax effects - 1 1 (4) - 1 -
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Loss attributable to common
shareholders $ (5,147) $ (1,426) $ (1,886) $ (8,796) $ (15,478) $ (2,081) $ (4,945)
========== ========= ========== ========== ========== ========= ==========
Basic and diluted loss per
common share $ (0.12) $ (0.07) $ (0.11) $ (0.50) $ (0.97) $ (0.04) $ (0.12)
========== ========= ========== ========== ========== ========= ==========
Weighted average common shares
outstanding 41,834 21,308 16,607 17,465 16,008 46,363 40,373
========== ========= ========== ========== ========== ========= ==========
As of December 31, As of September 30,
----------------------------------------------------- --------------------
Balance Sheet Data: 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2006 2005
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Working capital (deficit) $ 2,494 $ (213) $ 284 $ 668 $ 6,173 $ 1,998 $ 2,095
Total assets 9,037 2,224 2,562 4,550 12,986 7,711 8,654
Total liabilities 2,619 1,858 1,715 1,820 1,660 3,025 2,067
Shareholders' equity 6,418 366 847 2,730 11,326 4,686 6,586
3
Risk Factors
You should carefully consider the following factors, as well as other
information appearing elsewhere in this prospectus, before you decide whether to
purchase shares of our common stock. The risks and uncertainties described in
this prospectus are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and
uncertainties not presently known to us, or risks that we do not consider
significant, may also impair our business. This document also contains
forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, and actual
results may differ materially from the results we discuss in the forward-looking
statements. If any of the following risks actually occur, they could have a
severe negative impact on our financial results and stock price.
We have a history of operating losses and expect these losses to continue, at
least for the near future.
We have experienced significant losses since we began operations. We
expect to continue to incur losses at least for the near future. We incurred
operating losses of approximately $1,167,000, $1,442,000 and $1,895,600 for the
years ended December 31, 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, and $2,109,000 and
$970,000 for the nine-months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Our expenses have increased as we have begun our efforts to enforce our rights
under the patents we acquired in the NES acquisition; however, we cannot give
assurance that revenues will increase sufficiently to exceed costs. We do not
expect to be profitable in 2007. In future reporting periods, if revenues grow
more slowly than anticipated, or if operating expenses exceed expectations, we
may not become profitable. Even if we become profitable, we may be unable to
sustain profitability.
If we are unable to generate a positive cash flow from operations, or are
unsuccessful in securing external means of financing, we may not be able to
continue our operations.
We have not been able to consistently generate positive cash flow from our
operations. For the year ended December 31, 2005, we generated approximately
$747,000 net cash from our operations, as compared with consuming approximately
$863,000 in our operations for the year ended December 31, 2004. For the nine
months ended September 30, 2006, we consumed approximately $374,000 net cash in
our operations, as compared with generating approximately $266,000 from our
operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. We have been financing
our operations primarily from selling common and preferred stock. We believe
that we have sufficient cash to meet our operating needs throughout 2007 with
the cash we raised in the 2005 private placement and the cash we had on hand as
of September 30, 2006. However, if we were unable to generate positive cash flow
from our operations in future periods or were unable to raise external sources
of financing, we might need to discontinue our operations entirely.
We may not realize the anticipated benefits of acquiring NES.
We acquired NES in January 2005 with the anticipation that we would
realize various benefits, including, among other things, licensing revenues
through expansion of our product offerings or enhancement of our current product
line, ownership of 11 issued patents and another 43 patent applications in
process. As of December 6, 2006 we have 15 issued patents and another 79 patent
applications in process, of which one has been allowed but not yet issued. We
may not fully realize some or all of these benefits and the acquisition may
result in the diversion of management time and cash resources to the detriment
of our core software business. Costs incurred and liabilities assumed in
connection with this acquisition could also have an adversely impact our future
operating results.
Our revenue is typically generated from a very limited number of significant
customers.
A material portion of our revenue during any reporting period is typically
generated from a very limited number of significant customers. Consequently, if
any of these significant customers reduce their order level, fail to order
during a reporting period or if we are unable to recognize revenue from one or
more orders from such customers under our accounting policies, our revenue could
be materially adversely impacted.
Several of our significant customers are ISVs who have bundled our
products with theirs to sell as web-enabled versions of their products. Other
significant customers include distributors who sell our products directly. We do
not control our significant customers. Some of our significant customers
maintain inventories of our products for resale to smaller end-users. If they
4
reduce their inventory of our products, our revenue and business could be
materially adversely impacted.
If we are unable to develop new products and enhancements to our existing
products, our business, results of operations and financial condition could
be materially adversely impacted.
The market for our products and services are characterized by:
o frequent new product and service introductions and enhancements;
o rapid technological change;
o evolving industry standards;
o fluctuations in customer demand; and
o changes in customer requirements.
Our future success depends on our ability to continually enhance our
current products and develop and introduce new products that our customers
choose to buy. If we are unable to satisfy our customers' demands and remain
competitive with other products that could satisfy their needs by introducing
new products and enhancements, our business, results of operations and financial
condition could be materially adversely impacted. Our future success could be
hindered by:
o delays in our introduction of new products and/or enhancements of
existing products;
o delays in market acceptance of new products and/or enhancements of
existing products; and
o our, or a competitor's, announcement of new products and/or product
enhancements or technologies that could replace or shorten the life
cycle of our existing products.
For example, sales of our GO-Global for Windows software could be affected
by the announcement from Microsoft of the release and the actual release of a
new Windows-based operating system or an upgrade to a previously released
Windows-based operating system version as these new or upgraded systems may
contain similar features to our products or they could contain architectural
changes that temporarily prevent our products from functioning properly within a
Windows-based operating system environment.
Our business could be adversely impacted by conditions affecting the
information technology market.
The demand for our products depends substantially upon the general demand
for business-related software, which fluctuates on numerous factors, including
capital spending levels, the spending levels and growth of our current and
prospective customers and general economic conditions. Fluctuations in the
demand for our products could have a material adverse effect on our business,
results of operations and financial condition.
Our business could be adversely impacted by changes pending in the United
States Patent and Trademark Office ("PTO") or by cases being reviewed by the
United States Supreme Court.
Currently, proposed rule changes are pending in the PTO that will affect
how currently pending and new patent applications are processed by the PTO.
These rule changes may have an adverse affect on our presently pending patent
applications and any patent applications we may file in the future.
Several cases have been selected for review this term by the Supreme Court
that involve patent law. In particular, KSR v. Teleflex examines the standard
for finding a patent claim invalid. Any change in the current standard could
adversely affect patents asserted in litigation as well as our pending
applications and any applications we may file in the future.
Additionally, cases decided in the previous term by the Supreme Court
involving patent law may adversely impact our business. In particular,
MercExchange v. eBay examined the right for a patent holder to obtain permanent
injunctive relief when a patent is found to be valid and infringed. The outcome
was that permanent injunctive relief may be less readily available to patent
holders. This result could adversely affect our ability to obtain permanent
injunctive relief in the future, potentially weakening our position in
settlement negotiations.
5
Sales of products within our GO-Global product line constitute a substantial
majority of our revenue.
We anticipate that sales of products within our GO-Global product line,
and related enhancements, will continue to constitute a substantial majority of
our revenue for the foreseeable future. Our ability to continue to generate
revenue from our GO-Global product line will depend on continued market
acceptance of GO-Global. Declines in demand for our GO-Global product line could
occur as a result of:
o lack of success with our strategic partners;
o new competitive product releases and updates to existing competitive
products;
o decreasing or stagnant information technology spending levels;
o price competition;
o technological changes, or;
o general economic conditions in the market in which we operate.
If our customers do not continue to purchase GO-Global products as a
result of these or other factors, our revenue would decrease and our results of
operations and financial condition would be adversely affected.
If we determine that any of our intangible assets, including the patents
acquired from NES, are impaired, we would be required to write down the value
of the asset(s) and record a charge to our income statement, which could have
a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
We had a significant amount of intangible assets reported on our balance
sheet as of December 31, 2005 and September 30, 2006. We had net balances of
approximately $4,519,000 and $80,000 reported as Patents and Capitalized
Software, as of December 31, 2005, and $3,853,000 and $14,000 reported as
Patents and Capitalized Software, as of September 30, 2006. We review for asset
impairment annually, or sooner if events or changes in circumstances indicate
that the carrying amounts could be impaired. Due to uncertain market conditions,
potential changes in our strategy and product portfolio, and other factors, it
is possible that the forecasts we use to support our intangible assets could
change in the future, which could result in non-cash charges that would
adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
Our stock price has been historically volatile and you could lose the value
of your investment.
Our stock price has historically been volatile; it has fluctuated
significantly to date. The trading price of our stock is likely to continue to
be highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations. Your investment in our
stock could lose value.
Our operating results in one or more future periods are likely to fluctuate
significantly and may fail to meet or exceed the expectations of securities
analysts or investors.
Our operating results are likely to fluctuate significantly in the future
on a quarterly and on an annual basis due to a number of factors, many of which
are outside our control. Factors that could cause our revenues to fluctuate
include the following:
o Our ability to maximize the revenue opportunities of our patents;
o The degree of success of products or product enhancements that we may
introduce;
o Variations in the size of orders by our customers;
o Increased competition;
o The proportion of overall revenues derived from different sales channels
such as distributors, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and
others;
o Changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors;
o The financial stability of major customers;
o New product introductions or enhancements by us or by competitors;
o Delays in the introduction of products or product enhancements by us or by
competitors;
o The degree of success of new products;
o Any changes in operating expenses; and
o General economic conditions and economic conditions specific to the
software industry.
6
In addition, our royalty and license revenues are impacted by fluctuations
in OEM licensing activity from quarter to quarter, which may involve one-time
orders from non-recurring customers, or customers who order infrequently. Our
expense levels are based, in part, on expected future orders and sales;
therefore, if orders and sales levels are below expectations, our operating
results are likely to be materially adversely affected. Additionally, because
significant portions of our expenses are fixed, a reduction in sales levels may
disproportionately affect our net income. Also, we may reduce prices or increase
spending in response to competition or to pursue new market opportunities.
Because of these factors, our operating results in one or more future periods
may fail to meet or exceed the expectations of securities analysts or investors.
In that event, the trading price of our common stock would likely be adversely
affected.
We may not be successful in attracting and retaining key management or other
personnel.
Our success and business strategy is also dependent in large part on our
ability to attract and retain key management and other personnel. The loss of
the services of one or more members of our management group and other key
personnel, including our Chief Executive Officer, may have a material adverse
effect on our business.
Our failure to adequately protect our proprietary rights may adversely affect
us.
Our commercial success is dependent, in large part, upon our ability to
protect our proprietary rights. We rely on a combination of patent, copyright
and trademark laws, and on trade secrets and confidentiality provisions and
other contractual provisions to protect our proprietary rights. These measures
afford only limited protection. We cannot assure you that measures we have taken
will be adequate to protect us from misappropriation or infringement of our
intellectual property. Despite our efforts to protect proprietary rights, it may
be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy aspects of our products or
obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. In addition, the laws
of some foreign countries do not protect our intellectual property rights as
fully as do the laws of the United States. Furthermore, we cannot assure you
that the existence of any proprietary rights will prevent the development of
competitive products. The infringement upon, or loss of any proprietary rights,
or the development of competitive products despite such proprietary rights,
could have a material adverse effect on our business.
As regards our intention to maximize the revenue opportunities the
portfolio of patents that we acquired from NES:
o Although we believe the NES patents to be strong, there can be no
assurance that they will not be found invalid either in whole or in part
if challenged.
o Invalidation of their broadest claims could result in very narrow claims
that do not have the potential to produce meaningful license revenues.
o Many of the companies that we intend to seek licenses from are very
large with significant financial resources. We currently lack the
ability to defend our patents against claims of invalidity if such
litigation is heavily contested over an extended period of months or
even years.
o We have engaged attorneys that work on our behalf on a contingent fee
basis and intend to pursue litigation until a resolution is achieved
that is favorable to us. Such attorneys may seek to limit their exposure
either by advocating licensing settlements that are not favorable to us
or may abandon their efforts on our behalf.
o Because NES obtained no foreign patents or filed any foreign patent
applications, infringing companies may seek to avoid our demand for
licenses by moving the infringing activities offshore where U.S. patents
cannot be enforced.
We face risks of claims from third parties for intellectual property
infringement that could adversely affect our business.
At any time, we may receive communications from third parties asserting
that features or content of our products may infringe upon their intellectual
property rights. Any such claims, with or without merit, and regardless of their
outcome, may be time consuming and costly to defend. We may not have sufficient
resources to defend such claims and they could divert management's attention and
resources, cause product shipment delays or require us to enter into new royalty
or licensing agreements. New royalty or licensing agreements may not be
7
available on beneficial terms, and may not be available at all. If a successful
infringement claim is brought against us and we fail to license the infringed or
similar technology, our business could be materially adversely affected.
Our business significantly benefits from strategic relationships and there
can be no assurance that such relationships will continue in the future.
Our business and strategy relies to a significant extent on our strategic
relationships with other companies. There is no assurance that we will be able
to maintain or develop any of these relationships or to replace them in the
event any of these relationships are terminated. In addition, any failure to
renew or extend any licenses between any third party and us may adversely affect
our business.
We rely on indirect distribution channels for our products and may not be
able to retain existing reseller relationships or to develop new reseller
relationships.
Our products are primarily sold through several distribution channels. An
integral part of our strategy is to strengthen our relationships with resellers
such as OEMs, systems integrators, VARs, distributors and other vendors to
encourage these parties to recommend or distribute our products and to add
resellers both domestically and internationally. We currently invest, and intend
to continue to invest, significant resources to expand our sales and marketing
capabilities. We cannot assure you that we will be able to attract and/or retain
resellers to market our products effectively. Our inability to attract resellers
and the loss of any current reseller relationships could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
Additionally, we cannot assure you that resellers will devote enough resources
to provide effective sales and marketing support to our products.
The market in which we participate is highly competitive and has more
established competitors.
The market we participate in is intensely competitive, rapidly evolving
and subject to technological changes. We expect competition to increase as other
companies introduce additional competitive products. In order to compete
effectively, we must continually develop and market new and enhanced products
and market those products at competitive prices. As markets for our products
continue to develop, additional companies, including companies in the computer
hardware, software and networking industries with significant market presence,
may enter the markets in which we compete and further intensify competition. A
number of our current and potential competitors have longer operating histories,
greater name recognition and significantly greater financial, sales, technical,
marketing and other resources than we do. We cannot assure you that our
competitors will not develop and market competitive products that will offer
superior price or performance features or that new competitors will not enter
our markets and offer such products. We believe that we will need to invest
increased financial resources in research and development to remain competitive
in the future. Such financial resources may not be available to us at the time
or times that we need them, or upon terms acceptable to us. We cannot assure you
that we will be able to establish and maintain a significant market position in
the face of our competition and our failure to do so would adversely affect our
business.
Price Range Of Common Stock
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and
low reported sales price of our common stock. Since March 27, 2003 our common
stock has been quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board. Our common stock
is quoted under the symbol "GOJO."
Fiscal 2006 Fiscal 2005 Fiscal 2004
------------- ------------- -------------
Quarter High Low High Low High Low
- ------- ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
1st $ 0.30 $ 0.18 $ 0.65 $ 0.39 $ 1.03 $ 0.20
2nd $ 0.25 $ 0.17 $ 0.45 $ 0.26 $ 0.93 $ 0.41
3rd $ 0.23 $ 0.16 $ 0.48 $ 0.29 $ 0.51 $ 0.25
4th $ 0.22 $ 0.15 $ 0.38 $ 0.18 $ 0.56 $ 0.25
8
On December 31, 2006, there were approximately 4,300 holders of record of
our common stock and the last reported sales price was $0.15.
We have never declared or paid dividends on our common stock, nor do we
anticipate paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. We currently
intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance the operations and
expansion of our business. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will
be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will be dependent upon the
earnings, financial condition, operating results, capital requirements and other
factors as deemed necessary by the Board of Directors.
9
Selected Financial Data
The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with
"Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations" and our historical consolidated financial statements and the notes
thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus. We derived the consolidated
statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 and
the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2005 from our audited
consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We
derived the statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2003,
2002 and 2001 and the balance sheet data as of December 31, 2004, 2003, 2002 and
2001 from our audited consolidated financial statements not included in this
prospectus. We derived the consolidated statement of operations data for the
nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 and the consolidated balance sheet
data as of September 30, 2006 from our unaudited financial statements included
elsewhere in this prospectus and the consolidated balance sheet data as of
September 30, 2005 from our unaudited financial statements not included in this
prospectus, which include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items)
that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of the financial statements.
Nine Months Ended
Year Ended December 31, September 30,
----------------------------------------------------- --------------------
2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2006 2005
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Statement of Operations Data: (Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
Revenue $ 5,180 $ 3,530 $ 4,170 $ 3,535 $ 5,911 $ 3,899 $ 3,633
Cost of revenue 504 904 1,371 1,680 2,613 378 367
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Gross profit 4,676 2,626 2,799 1,855 3,298 3,521 3,266
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Operating expenses
Selling and marketing 1,523 1,384 1,680 2,235 5,989 1,213 1,014
General and administrative 3,042 1,183 1,419 2,801 4,561 2,976 2,252
Research and development 1,278 1,501 1,515 2,831 4,134 1,441 970
Asset impairment loss - - - 914 4,501 - -
Restructuring charge - - 80 1,943 - - -
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Total operating expenses 5,843 4,068 4,694 10,724 19,185 5,630 4,236
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Loss from operations (1,167) (1,442) (1,895) (8,869) (15,887) (2,109) (970)
Other income (expense), net 38 15 8 77 410 32 25
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Loss before provision for
income taxes (1,129) (1,427) (1,887) (8,792) (15,477) (2,077) (945)
Provision for income taxes 18 - - - 1 5 -
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Net loss (1,147) (1,427) (1,887) (8,792) (15,478) (2,082) (945)
Deemed dividends on preferred
stock (4,000) - - - - - (4,000)
Other comprehensive income
(loss), net of tax effects - 1 1 (4) - 1 -
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Loss attributable to common
shareholders $ (5,147) $ (1,426) $ (1,886) $ (8,796) $ (15,478) $ (2,081) $ (4,945)
========== ========= ========== ========== ========== ========= ==========
Basic and diluted loss per
common share $ (0.12) $ (0.07) $ (0.11) $ (0.50) $ (0.97) $ (0.04) $ (0.12)
========== ========= ========== ========== ========== ========= ==========
Weighted average common shares
outstanding 41,834 21,308 16,607 17,465 16,008 46,363 40,373
========== ========= ========== ========== ========== ========= ==========
As of December 31, As of September 30,
----------------------------------------------------- --------------------
Balance Sheet Data: 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2006 2005
---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------
Working capital (deficit) $ 2,494 $ (213) $ 284 $ 668 $ 6,173 $ 1,998 $ 2,095
Total assets 9,037 2,224 2,562 4,550 12,986 7,711 8,654
Total liabilities 2,619 1,858 1,715 1,820 1,660 3,025 2,067
Shareholders' equity 6,418 366 847 2,730 11,326 4,686 6,586
10
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the
consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes provided elsewhere in
this prospectus.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in
conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States
requires management to make judgments, assumptions and estimates that affect the
amounts reported in the Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying
notes. Estimates are used for, but not limited to, the accounting for the
allowance for doubtful accounts, the impairment of intangible assets,
contingencies and other special charges and taxes. Actual results could differ
materially from these estimates. The following critical accounting policies are
impacted significantly by judgments, assumptions and estimates used in the
preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Revenue Recognition
The Company markets and licenses products through various means, such as;
channel distributors, independent software vendors ("ISVs"), value-added
resellers ("VARs"), application service providers ("ASPs") (collectively
"resellers") and direct sales to enterprise end users. The Company's product
licenses are generally perpetual. The Company also separately sells maintenance
contracts, which are comprised of license updates and customer service access,
private-label branding kits, software developer kits ("SDKs") and product
training services.
Generally, software license revenues are recognized when:
o Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (i.e., when the Company
signs a non-cancelable license agreement wherein the customer
acknowledges an unconditional obligation to pay, or upon receipt of
the customer's purchase order) and
o Delivery has occurred or services have been rendered and there are no
uncertainties surrounding product acceptance, (i.e., when title and risk
of loss have been transferred to the customer, which generally occurs
when the media containing the licensed programs is provided to a common
carrier or, in the case of electronic delivery, when the customer is given
access to the licensed programs) and
o The price to the customer is fixed or determinable, as typically
evidenced in a signed non-cancelable contract, or a customer's purchase
order, and
o Collectibility is probable. If collectibility is not considered
probable, revenue is recognized when the fee is collected.
Revenue recognized on software arrangements involving multiple elements is
allocated to each element of the arrangement based on vendor-specific objective
evidence ("VSOE") of the fair values of the elements; such elements include
licenses for software products, maintenance, or customer training. The Company
limits it assessment of VSOE for each element to either the price charged when
the same element is sold separately or the price established by management
having the relevant authority to do so, for an element not yet sold separately.
If sufficient VSOE of fair values does not exist so as to permit the
allocation of revenue to the various elements of the arrangement, all revenue
from the arrangement is deferred until such evidence exists or until all
elements are delivered. If evidence of VSOE of all undelivered elements exists
but evidence does not exist for one or more delivered elements, then revenue is
recognized using the residual method. Under the residual method, the fair value
of the undelivered elements is deferred and the remaining portion of the
arrangement fee is recognized as revenue.
Certain resellers prepay for licenses they intend to resell bundled
together with maintenance that provides the reseller with license updates and
customer service. Upon receipt of the prepayment, if all other revenue
recognition criteria outlined above have been met, product licensing revenue is
recognized when the reseller is given access to the licensed program(s). The
resellers are generally required to provide periodic (monthly or quarterly)
11
sell-through reports that detail, for the respective period, various items, such
as the number of licenses purchased, the number sold to other parties and the
ending balance of licenses held as inventory available for future sale. The
recognition of maintenance revenue for these resellers is based on estimated
reseller inventory turnover levels reconciled to actual upon receipt of the
sell-through report.
There are no rights of return granted to resellers or other purchasers of
our software programs.
We recognize revenue from maintenance contracts ratably over the related
contract period, which generally ranges from one to five years.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on our assessment of the
collectibility of specific customer accounts and the aging of the accounts
receivable. If there is a deterioration of a major customer's credit worthiness
or actual defaults are higher than our historical experience, our estimates of
the recoverability of amounts due us could be adversely affected.
Patents
The patents we acquired in the NES acquisition are being amortized over
their estimated remaining economic life, currently estimated to be approximately
5 years, as of December 31, 2005. Costs associated with filing, documenting or
writing method patents are expensed as incurred as the acquired patents, and all
continuations thereof, are method patents.
Capitalized Software Development Costs
Software development costs incurred in the research and development of new
products are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility, in the form
of a working model, has been established, at which time such costs are typically
capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers.
Capitalized costs are amortized based on either estimated current and future
revenue for the product or straight-line amortization over the shorter of three
years or the remaining estimated life of the product, whichever produces the
higher expense for the period.
Impairment of Intangible Assets
We perform impairment tests on our intangible assets, including our
patents, on an annual basis and between annual tests in certain circumstances.
In response to changes in industry and market conditions, we may strategically
realign our resources and consider restructuring, disposing of, or otherwise
exiting businesses, which could result in an impairment of intangible assets.
Loss Contingencies
We are subject to the possibility of various loss contingencies arising in
the ordinary course of business. We consider the likelihood of the loss or
impairment of an asset or the incurrence of a liability as well as our ability
to reasonably estimate the amount of loss in determining loss contingencies. An
estimated loss contingency is accrued when it is probable that a liability has
been incurred or an asset has been impaired and the amount of the loss can be
reasonably estimated. We regularly evaluate current information available to us
to determine whether such accruals should be adjusted.
Stock Compensation
Prior to January 1, 2006, we accounted for our stock-based compensation
plans under the recognition and measurement provisions of Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," ("APB No. 25")
and related interpretations, as permitted by Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation." ("FAS No. 123") We
did not recognize compensation cost related to stock options granted to our
employees and non-employee directors that had an exercise price equal to or
above the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant in
our condensed consolidated statement of income prior to January 1, 2006.
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, "Share-Based
Payment," ("FAS123R") and related interpretations using the modified prospective
transition method. Under that method, compensation cost recognized in the
12
nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 includes (a) compensation cost for
all stock-based awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of January 1,
2006 based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the
original provisions of FAS No. 123 and (b) compensation cost for all stock-based
awards granted on or subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair
value estimated in accordance with the provisions of FAS123R.
Results for prior periods have not been restated.
As a result of adopting FAS123R on January 1, 2006, our loss from
operations, loss before provision for income taxes and net loss for the
nine-months ended September 30, 2006 was $347 thousand higher, respectively,
than if we had continued to account for stock-based compensation under APB No.
25.
The valuation of employee stock options is an inherently subjective
process, since market values are generally not available for long-term,
non-transferable employee stock options. Accordingly, an option pricing model is
utilized to derive an estimated fair value. In calculating the estimated fair
value of our stock options, we used a binomial pricing model, which requires the
consideration of the following variables for purposes of estimating fair value:
o the expected volatility of our common stock,
o the annualized forfeiture/termination rate,
o the prior forfeiture/termination rate,
o the expected term of the option,
o the exercise factor for optionees,
o the risk free interest rate for the expected option term, and
o expected dividends on our common stock (we do not anticipate paying
dividends for the foreseeable future).
Of the variables above, the selection of an expected term, an annualized
forfeiture rate and expected stock price volatility are the most subjective. Our
estimate of the expected option term was 7.5 years and was derived based on our
analysis of historical data and future projections. We derived an annualized
forfeiture rate that ranged from 5% to 10% by analyzing our historical
forfeiture data, including consideration of the impact of certain non-recurring
events, such as reductions in work force. In estimating our stock price
volatility for grants awarded during the nine-month period ended September 30,
2006, we analyzed our historic volatility since we became a public entity (July
13, 1999) through September 30, 2006, by reference to actual stock prices during
this period and calculated an estimated volatility, which ranged from
approximately 155% to 159% for the respective grant. We believe that each of
these estimates is reasonable in light of the data we analyzed. However, as with
any estimate, the ultimate accuracy of these estimates is only verifiable over
time.
We also recognized compensation costs for shares purchased under our
Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") during the nine months ended September 30,
2006. We applied the same variables to the calculation of the costs associated
with the ESPP shares purchased as the stock option grants noted above, except as
follows: expected stock price volatility ranged from 147% to 155%, the risk free
interest rate was 3.73% and the expected term was 0.5 years. In estimating stock
price volatility for the ESPP shares purchased, we analyzed our historical
volatility from August 1, 2005 to January 31, 2006 and from February 1, 2006 to
July 31, 2006. These are the two ESPP participation periods that occurred during
the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006. The closing prices on these
dates were used as the basis of determining the purchase price for shares
purchased under the ESPP. Since each ESPP participation period is a six-month
period, the estimated term was deemed to be 0.5 years.
The specific valuation assumptions noted above were applied to stock
options that were granted during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006.
We expect that stock-based compensation expense will continue to have a material
impact on our financial results for the remainder of the fiscal year.
Results of Operations
The first table that follows sets forth our statement of operations data
for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 along with the dollar and
percentage changes from 2004 to 2005 in the respective line items. The second
table that follows sets forth our statement of operations data for the
nine-months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 along with the dollar and
percentage changes from 2004 to 2005 in the respective line items.
13
Year Ended December 31, Change in
----------------------- -----------------------
($000s) 2005 2004 Dollars Percentage
- ------------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Revenue $ 5,180 $ 3,530 $ 1,650 46.7%
Cost of revenue 504 904 (400) (44.2)
---------- ---------- ----------
Gross profit 4,676 2,626 2,050 78.1
---------- ---------- ----------
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing 1,523 1,384 139 10.0
General and administrative 3,042 1,183 1,859 157.1
Research and development 1,278 1,501 (223) (14.9)
---------- ---------- ----------
Total operating expenses 5,843 4,068 1,775 43.6
---------- ---------- ----------
Loss from operations (1,167) (1,442) 275 19.1
---------- ---------- ----------
Other income (expense)
Interest and other income 42 15 27 180.0
Interest and other expense (4) - (4) na
---------- ---------- ----------
Total other income (expense) 38 15 23 153.3
---------- ---------- ----------
Loss before provision for income tax (1,129) (1,427) 298 20.9
Provision for income tax 18 - 18 na
---------- ---------- ----------
Net loss (1,147) (1,427) 280 19.6
Deemed dividends on preferred stock (4,000) - (4,000) na
Other comprehensive income, net
of tax benefits - 1 (1) (100.0)
---------- ---------- ----------
Net loss attributable to common
shareholders $ (5,147) $ (1,426) $ (3,721) (260.9)%
========== ========== ==========
Nine-Months Ended
September 30, Change in
----------------------- -----------------------
($000s) 2006 2005 Dollars Percentage
- ------------------------------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Revenue $ 3,899 $ 3,633 $ 266 7.3%
Cost of revenue 378 367 11 3.0
---------- ---------- ----------
Gross profit 3,521 3,266 255 7.8
---------- ---------- ----------
Operating expenses:
Selling and marketing 1,213 1,014 199 19.6
General and administrative 2,976 2,252 724 32.1
Research and development 1,441 970 471 48.6
---------- ---------- ----------
Total operating expenses 5,630 4,236 1,394 32.9
---------- ---------- ----------
Loss from operations (2,109) (970) (1,139) (117.4)
---------- ---------- ----------
Other income (expense):
Interest and other income 34 30 4 13.3
Interest and other expense (2) (5) 3 60.0
Total other income (expense) 32 25 7 28.0
---------- ---------- ----------
Loss before provision for income tax (2,077) (945) (1,132) (119.8)
---------- ---------- ----------
Provision for income tax 5 - 5 na
Net loss (2,082) (945) (1,137) (120.3)
---------- ---------- ----------
Deemed dividends on preferred stock - (4,000) 4,000 100.0
Other comprehensive income, net
of tax benefits 1 - 1 na
---------- ---------- ----------
Net loss attributable to common
shareholders $ (2,081) $ (4,945) $ 2,864 57.9%
========== ========== ==========
14
Results of Operations for the Nine-Month Periods Ended September 30, 2006 and
2005.
Revenue
Our revenue is primarily derived from product licensing fees and service
fees from maintenance contracts. Other sources of revenue include private
labeling fees and sales of software development kits. Private labeling fees are
derived when we contractually agree to allow a customer to brand our product
with their name. We defer these fees upon contract signing and recognize the
revenue ratably over the initial term of the contract. Software development kits
are tools that allow end users to develop, interface and brand their own
applications for use in conjunction with either our Windows or Unix/Linux
products. Currently, we do not generate a significant amount of revenue from
private labeling transactions, nor do we anticipate generating a significant
amount of revenue from them or from the sale of software development kits during
2006.
The changes in both Windows and Unix-based product licenses revenue for
the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 were reflective of how
such revenue varies because a significant portion of this revenue has been, and
continues to be earned from a limited number of significant customers, most of
whom are resellers. Consequently, if any of these significant customers change
their order level or fail to order during the reporting period, our revenue
could be materially impacted. We expect this situation to continue throughout
the next several quarterly reporting periods.
Revenue for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 was
comprised as follows:
Increase (Decrease)
-----------------------
Revenue ($000s) 2006 2005 Dollars Percent
---------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Product licenses
Windows $ 1,486 $ 1,721 $ (235) (13.7%)
Unix 1,158 946 212 22.4
---------- ---------- ----------
2,644 2,667 (23) (0.9)
---------- ---------- ----------
Service fees
Windows 603 479 124 25.9
Unix 595 461 134 29.1
---------- ---------- ----------
1,198 940 258 27.4
---------- ---------- ----------
Other 57 26 31 119.2
---------- ---------- ----------
Total Revenue $ 3,899 $ 3,633 $ 266 7.3%
========== ========== ==========
During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006, twenty Windows
customers purchased an aggregate $881 thousand of Windows product, which
accounted for 59.3% of Windows product license revenue for the period. These
twenty customers' purchases were $482 thousand lower than their purchases during
the same period of 2005, which aggregated $1,363 thousand, or 79.2% of Windows
product license revenue. A significant portion of this decrease is based on the
determination, under our accounting policies, to defer revenue recognition for
certain purchases made during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006,
aggregating $500 thousand, by a significant customer. We determined that
sufficient VSOE did not exist for the allocation of revenue to the various
elements of these purchases. When such evidence exists we will recognize revenue
from these transactions. We expect that future purchases by this customer will
also be deferred for the foreseeable future.
Fifteen Unix product customers, including our most significant Unix
customer (Alcatel - all worldwide locations), purchased an aggregate $907
thousand of Unix products, which accounted for 78.3% of Unix product license
revenue for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006. These fifteen
customers' purchases were an aggregate $214 thousand higher than their purchases
during the same period of 2005, which aggregated $693 thousand, or 73.3% of Unix
product license revenue.
The increase in both Windows and Unix-based service fees for the
nine-month period ended September 30, 2006, as compared with the same period of
the prior year was primarily due to higher levels of maintenance contract
purchases that occurred throughout 2005. We expect service fees revenue to
continue to be higher throughout 2006 as compared with 2005.
15
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue is comprised primarily of service costs, which represent
the costs of customer service, and product costs, which are primarily the
amortization of capitalized technology developed in-house. Shipping and
packaging materials are immaterial as virtually all of our deliveries are made
via electronic means over the Internet. Under accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States, research and development costs for new product
development, after technological feasibility is established, are recorded as
"capitalized software" on our balance sheet. Such capitalized costs are
subsequently amortized as cost of revenue over the shorter of three years or the
remaining estimated life of the products.
Cost of revenue for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and
2005 was as follows:
Increase (Decrease)
($000s) 2006 2005 Dollars Percent
------------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Product costs $ 89 $ 157 $ (68) (43.3)%
Service costs 289 210 79 37.6
-------- -------- --------
$ 378 $ 367 $ 11 3.0%
======== ======== ========
The decrease in product costs for the nine-month period ended September
30, 2006, as compared with the same period in 2005 was primarily due to a
decrease in the amortization of capitalized software development costs. We
expect product costs to remain lower throughout 2006, as compared with 2005, as
certain elements of our capitalized software development costs became fully
amortized during 2005 and others will become fully amortized during 2006.
The increase in service costs for the nine-month period ended September
30, 2006, as compared with the same period in 2005, resulted primarily from
increasing the number of engineers performing customer service and from the
adoption of FAS123R, as explained elsewhere in this Prospectus. In order to
better meet the needs of our customers, as we have sold more maintenance
contracts over the course of the last several quarters, we increased the number
of engineers providing customer service to our customers to eight during the
nine months ended September 30, 2006, from four for the same period of the prior
year. Additionally, in accordance with FAS123R, we expensed $13 thousand of
stock-based compensation expense related to our customer service engineers
during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006. No such expense was
recorded during the same period of the prior year. We expect service costs to
remain higher throughout 2006, as compared with 2005.
Selling and Marketing Expenses
Selling and marketing expenses primarily consist of employee costs,
outside services, travel and entertainment, tradeshow expense and stock-based
compensation expense.
Selling and marketing expenses were approximately 31.1% and 27.9% of
revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, respectively. For
the nine months ended September 30, 2006, selling and marketing expenses
increased $199 thousand, or 19.6%, to $1,213 thousand from $1,014 thousand for
the same period of 2005.
Selling and marketing expenses for the nine months ended September 30,
2006 and 2005 were as follows:
Increase (Decrease)
($000s) 2006 2005 Dollars Percent
------------------------ -------- -------- -------- --------
Employee costs $ 871 $ 771 $ 100 13.0%
Outside services 171 146 25 17.1
Travel and entertainment 101 59 42 71.2
Promotional expenses 23 13 10 76.9
Other 47 25 22 88.0
-------- -------- --------
$ 1,213 $ 1,014 $ 199 19.6%
======== ======== ========
The increase in employee costs for the nine-month period ended September
30, 2006, as compared with the same period in 2005, was primarily the result of
stock-based compensation expense recorded in accordance with the adoption of
FAS123R, as explained elsewhere in this Prospectus, costs associated with a new
sales engineer hired during 2006, and an increase in medical benefits and
16
commissions. For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006, such selling
and marketing stock-based compensation expense amounted to $26 thousand. No such
stock-based compensation expense was recorded during 2005.
The increase in outside services for the nine months ended September 30,
2006, as compared with the same period in 2005, was the result of the increased
activity of our outside Asian sales representative and increasing overall
marketing activities. We expect these trends to continue as we anticipate
increasing our outside Asian sales representative's activities in 2006 over 2005
levels and to continue increased overall marketing efforts.
The increases in travel and entertainment and promotional expense for the
nine months ended September 30, 2006, as compared with the same period in 2005,
were primarily as a result of our participation in more tradeshows and
undertaking more visits to customers and prospects. Of note, we participated in
CeBIT in Hanover, Germany during the nine months ended September 30, 2006. This
is one of, if not the largest technology tradeshow in Europe annually. Although
we attended CeBIT during 2005, we did not set up a display; consequently, our
2006 CeBIT participation costs were greater than those in 2005. We expect this
trend to continue as we anticipate setting up our display at other tradeshows
during 2006. Additionally, we visited more customers more frequently and
increased our trips to see prospects.
Based on the above items and trends, we anticipate that 2006 selling and
marketing expense will exceed 2005 selling and marketing expense.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses primarily consist of employee costs,
amortization and depreciation, stock-based compensation expense, legal,
professional and other outside services (including those related to realizing
benefits from our patent-related assets), travel and entertainment, certain
costs associated with being a publicly held corporation, and bad debts expense.
General and administrative expenses were approximately 76.3% and 62.0% of
revenues for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. General and administrative expenses increased by $724 thousand, or
32.1%, to $2,976 thousand from $2,252 thousand for the nine-month period ended
September 30, 2006 as compared with the same period in 2005.
General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September
30, 2006 and 2005 were as follows:
Increase (Decrease)
($000s) 2006 2005 Dollars Percent
------------------------------ -------- -------- -------- --------
Employee costs $ 1,330 $ 786 $ 544 69.2%
Outside services 208 143 65 45.5
Travel and entertainment 157 49 108 220.4
Amortization/depreciation 679 598 81 13.5
Legal/accounting 324 454 (130) (28.6)
Rent 47 36 11 30.6
Public costs 47 48 (1) (2.1)
Insurance 81 12 69 575.0
Other 103 126 (23) (18.3)
-------- -------- --------
$ 2,976 $ 2,252 $ 724 32.1%
======== ======== ========
The increase in employee costs for the nine months ended September 30,
2006, as compared with the same period of 2005, was primarily due to having an
average of approximately three more employees, severance paid out to our former
chief operating officer upon his termination, and salary adjustments made
subsequent to September 30, 2005. Included in employee costs is stock-based
compensation expense. We adopted FAS123R as of January 1, 2006, as explained
elsewhere in this Prospectus, and as a result, began recording stock-based
compensation expense. For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 such
general and administrative stock-based compensation expense amounted to $258
thousand. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005, we recorded $2
thousand of compensation expense in accordance with FAS123, which was derived
17
from stock options that had been previously issued to our Chief Executive
Officer. We anticipate 2006 stock-based compensation expense to exceed 2005
levels as we continue to comply with FAS123R. We expect 2006 employee costs to
exceed 2005 levels.
Outside services increased during the nine months ended September 30,
2006, as compared with the same period of 2005 primarily as a result of an
increase in consulting fees charged to us by our Chief Executive Officer, prior
to his being appointed a full-time employee during September 2006. During 2006,
our Chief Executive Officer significantly increased his activities in our
general business operations in addition to pursuing business development
opportunities as they presented themselves.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased during the nine months
ended September 30, 2006, as compared with the same period in 2005, primarily as
a result of increased patent amortization. Costs associated with acquiring the
patents from NES were capitalized at various times throughout the nine month
period ended September 30, 2005 and since costs can not be amortized until they
are capitalized, the cost basis upon which the patent amortization was
calculated grew larger throughout the nine-month period ended September 30,
2005. All patent costs were capitalized prior to 2006; consequently, all such
costs were included in the cost basis upon which the patent amortization was
calculated during the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
The increase in travel and entertainment during the nine months ended
September 30, 2006, as compared with the same period of the previous year, was
primarily a result of our Chief Executive Officer's travels to our various
facilities, as well as travel incurred by management while exploring potential
business development opportunities. We expect 2006 travel and entertainment
levels to exceed those of 2005.
We anticipate that aggregate general and administrative expenses for 2006
will be higher than 2005, primarily due to the additional personnel, the
amortization of the patents, stock option compensation expense we will record as
a result of adopting FAS123R, and increased activity by certain executive
managers.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses consist primarily of employee costs,
payments to contract programmers, rent, stock-based compensation expense,
depreciation and computer related supplies.
Research and development expenses were approximately 37.0% and 26.7% of
revenues for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. Research and development expenses for the nine-month period ended
September 30, 2006 increased by $471 thousand, or 48.6%, to $1,441 thousand from
$970 thousand for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005.
Under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, all
costs of product development incurred once technological feasibility has been
established, but prior to general release of the product, are typically
capitalized and amortized to expense over the estimated life of the underlying
product, rather than being charged to expense in the period incurred. No product
development costs were capitalized during the nine-month periods ended September
30, 2006 or 2005.
Research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30,
2006 and 2005 were as follows:
Increase (Decrease)
($000s) 2006 2005 Dollars Percent
---------------- -------- -------- -------- --------
Employee costs $ 875 $ 677 $ 198 29.2%
Outside services 375 167 208 124.6
Rent 61 48 13 27.1
Supplies 59 14 45 321.4
Other 71 64 7 10.9
-------- -------- -------- --------
$ 1,441 $ 970 $ 471 48.6%
======== ======== ======== ========
Employee costs for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and
2005 are net of $289 thousand and $210 thousand, respectively, which related to
employee costs reported as customer service cost of revenue. The increase in
employee costs was primarily due to the hiring of a new Vice-President of
Engineering, the hiring of a President for our Israeli subsidiary, having two
additional engineers during 2006, salary adjustments enacted subsequent to
18
September 30, 2005 and increases in employee benefits, which were partially
offset by the customer service employee costs that were reported as cost of
revenue.
Included in employee costs is stock-based compensation expense. We adopted
FAS123R as of January 1, 2006, as explained elsewhere in this Prospectus, and as
a result, began recording stock-based compensation expense. For the nine-month
period ended September 30, 2006 such research and development stock-based
compensation expense amounted to $50 thousand. We anticipate 2006 stock-based
compensation expense to exceed 2005 levels as we continue to comply with
FAS123R. We expect 2006 employee costs to exceed 2005 levels.
The increase in outside services for the nine-month period ended September
30, 2006, as compared with the same period of 2005, was primarily related to the
expanded use of consulting engineers to help enhance our product development
efforts. Also increasing outside services expense was fees paid to an executive
recruiting agency assisting us in our successful search for a new vice-president
of engineering. We expect to continue making greater use of consulting engineers
throughout 2006 to assist in product development efforts. Based on these items,
we anticipate that expenses related to outside services in 2006 will exceed 2005
levels.
The increase in rent for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006,
as compared with the same period of the prior year, is due to the opening of our
engineering facility in Israel as well as the expansion of the office space we
rent in New Hampshire.
The increase in supplies for the nine-month period ended September 30,
2006, as compared with the same period of the prior year, was a result of
opening our Israeli office, expanding our New Hampshire facility, increasing the
size of our engineering team and expanding our product development efforts. We
expect 2006 supplies expense to exceed 2005's levels.
Based on the above factors, we anticipate that research and development
expenses for 2006 will be higher than those incurred during 2005.
Other Income
During the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, other
income consisted primarily of interest income on excess cash and note receivable
- - shareholder. During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005, other
income also included interest income on notes receivable - directors.
For the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006, other income increased
by $7 thousand, or 28.0%, to $32 thousand from $25 thousand for the same period
of 2005.
We anticipate that interest and other income for 2006 will approximate
2005 levels as we anticipate having similar or lower average cash balances for
the remainder of the year, partially offset by higher interest rates.
Net Loss
As a result of the foregoing items, net loss for the nine-month period
ended September 30, 2006 was $2,082 thousand, an increase of $1,137 thousand, or
120.3%, from a net loss of $945 thousand for the same period of 2005. As a
result of our continued operating loss we intend to continue to pursue revenue
growth opportunities through all available means.
Net loss attributable to common shareholders for the nine-month period
ended September 30, 2006 was $2,081 thousand, a decrease of $2,864 thousand, or
57.9%, from $4,945 thousand for the same period of 2005. The decrease for the
nine-month period ended September 30, 2006, as compared with the same period of
the prior year was due to the deemed dividends on preferred stock, as discussed
elsewhere in this Prospectus.
Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004.
Revenue
The table that follows summarizes product licensing fees for the years
ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 and calculates the change in dollars and
percentage from 2004 to 2005 in the respective line item.
19
($000s) Year Ended December 31, Increase/(Decrease)
Product licensing fees 2005 2004 Dollars Percentage
---------------------- ---------- ---------- -------- ----------
Windows $ 2,271 $ 1,362 $ 909 66.7%
Unix/Linux 1,501 1,033 468 45.3
---------- ---------- --------
Total $ 3,772 $ 2,395 $ 1,377 57.5%
========== ========== ========
The increases in both Windows and Unix-based product licensing fees
revenue for the year ended December 31, 2005 as compared with the prior year
were reflective of how such revenue varies because a significant portion of this
revenue has been, and continues to be earned from a limited number of
significant customers, most of whom are original equipment manufacturers (OEMs)
or VARs. Consequently, if any of these significant customers change their order
level, or fail to order, our product licensing fees revenue can be materially
adversely impacted.
During the year ended December 31, 2005, two of our most significant
Windows customers (KitASP and FrontRange) purchased approximately an aggregate
$641 thousand more Windows product licenses than they did during the prior year.
Three other Windows customers, who are also OEMs and/or VARs, purchased
approximately an aggregate $452 thousand more Windows product licenses during
the year ended December 31, 2005 than they did during the prior year. Partially
offsetting these increases were aggregate decreases approximating $184 thousand
resulting from reduced Windows product licenses purchases from our other
customers.
During the year ended December 31, 2005, our most significant Unix
customer (Alcatel) purchased approximately $113 thousand more Unix product
licenses than they did during the prior year. Additionally, a reseller with whom
we do business periodically, who resells to the United States military,
purchased approximately an aggregate $416 thousand of Unix product licenses
during the year ended December 31, 2005, as compared with no such purchases
during the prior year. Partially offsetting these increases were aggregate
decreases approximating $61 thousand resulting from reduced Unix product
licenses purchases from our other customers.
We anticipate that many of our customers will enter into, and periodically
renew, maintenance contracts to ensure continued product updates and support.
Currently we offer maintenance contracts for one, two, three or five-year
periods. Revenue from maintenance contracts totaled approximately $1,359
thousand in 2005 and $1,015 thousand in 2004 and was approximately 26.2% and
28.8% of revenue in 2005 and 2004, respectively.
For the year ended December 31, 2005, approximately 82.8% of our total
sales were made to 26 customers. The three largest of these customers accounted
for approximately 16.8%, 16.0% and 11.5%, respectively, of total sales. These
three customers' December 31, 2005 year-end accounts receivable balances
represented approximately 0.0%, 11.6%, and 6.0% of reported net accounts
receivable. By March 16, 2006, we had collected the majority of these
outstanding balances.
For the year ended December 31, 2004, approximately 75.9% of our total
sales were made to 20 customers. The three largest of these customers accounted
for approximately 20.9%, 14.9% and 14.1%, respectively, of total sales. These
three customers' December 31, 2004 year-end accounts receivable balances
represented approximately 30.9%, 2.9% and 0.0% of reported net accounts
receivable. By March 16, 2005, we had collected the majority of these
outstanding balances.
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue consists primarily of the amortization of acquired
technology and the amortization of capitalized technology developed in-house.
Also included in cost of revenue are the costs of servicing maintenance
contracts. Research and development costs for new product development, after
technological feasibility is established, are recorded as "capitalized software"
on our balance sheet and subsequently amortized as cost of revenue over the
shorter of three years or the remaining estimated life of the products.
Cost of revenue was approximately 9.7% and 25.6% of total revenues for the
years 2005 and 2004, respectively. The decrease in product costs in 2005 from
2004 was primarily due to all remaining elements of our acquired technology
becoming fully amortized during 2004. The decrease in service costs was due to
changes in the mix of engineers who were providing such services and the amount
of time they spent providing such services. We review our engineering activities
on an on-going basis to ensure that our resources are deployed most efficiently
20
to allow us to strike an appropriate balance between servicing customers' needs
and product development.
Sales and Marketing Expenses
Sales and marketing expenses primarily consist of salaries and related
benefits, sales commissions, outside consultants, travel expenses, trade show
related activities and promotional costs.
Sales and marketing expenses were approximately 29.4 % and 39.2 % of total
revenues for the years 2005 and 2004, respectively. The increase in sales and
marketing expenses in 2005 from 2004 was primarily caused by increased
commissions ($283 thousand) and bonuses ($85 thousand), which were partially
offset by decreased wages and benefits ($117 thousand), and outside consultants
($62 thousand). The reasons for these changes were as follows:
o The increase in commissions was the result of higher sales in 2005, as
compared with 2004, and the attainment of various sales quotas during
2005.
o The increase in bonuses was due to the attainment of certain
performance-based goals and objectives during 2005.
o The decrease in wages and benefits was the result of having two less
sales representatives during 2005, as compared with 2004.
o The decrease in outside marketing consultants was a result of reducing
the budget for such 2005 expenditures and prioritizing 2005 activities
to live within the budgetary constraints.
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses primarily consist of salaries and
related benefits, legal and professional services, depreciation of fixed assets,
amortization of patents, insurance, costs associated with being a publicly held
company and bad debts expense.
General and administrative expenses were approximately 58.7% and 33.5% of
2005 and 2004 total revenues, respectively. General and administrative expense
increased in 2005 from 2004 primarily as a result of our acquisition of NES and
their patent portfolio and a resulting increase to our administrative staff.
Significant increases included wages and benefits ($495 thousand), depreciation
and amortization, primarily of the patent portfolio ($816 thousand), legal fees
($258 thousand) and bonuses ($98 thousand). The reasons for these increases were
as follows:
o Wages and benefits were up as a result of hiring five new employees
during 2005, including two associated with our newly-acquired patents
and three administrative people, one of whom replaced an outside
consultant whose contract was not renewed during 2005.
o Depreciation and amortization increased as a direct result of the
amortization of the newly-acquired patents.
o Legal fees increased primarily as a result of costs associated with the
newly-acquired patents and certain costs associated with the private
placement of our capital stock, which occurred during the first six
months of 2005.
o Bonuses increased primarily as the result of the attainment of certain
performance-based goals and objectives during 2005.
The ending balance of our allowance for doubtful accounts as of December
31, 2005 and 2004 was approximately $47 thousand. Bad debts expense was
immaterial for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004.
Research and Development Expenses
Research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and
related benefits paid to software engineers, payments to contract programmers,
depreciation and facility expenses related to our remotely located engineering
offices.
Under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, all
costs of product development incurred once technological feasibility has been
established, but prior to the general release of the product, are typically
capitalized and amortized to expense over the estimated life of the underlying
product, rather than being charged to expense in the period incurred. No product
21
development costs were capitalized during either 2005 or 2004.
Research and development expense was approximately 24.7% and 42.5% of
total revenues for the years 2005 and 2004, respectively. The decrease in
research and development expense in 2005 from 2004 was primarily caused by
decreased wages and benefits ($197 thousand) and decreased depreciation of fixed
assets ($46 thousand). The reasons for these changes were as follows:
o We had three fewer engineers during 2005 as compared with 2004.
o Depreciation expense decreased due to the timing of various assets
reaching the end of their estimated useful lives, as well as minimal
capital expenditures over the course of the last few years.
Interest and Other Income
During 2005 and 2004, the primary component of interest and other income
was interest income derived on excess cash. Our excess cash was held in
relatively low-risk, highly liquid investments, such as U.S. Government
obligations, bank and/or corporate obligations rated "A" or higher by
independent rating agencies, such as Standard and Poors, or interest bearing
money market accounts with minimum net assets greater than or equal to one
billion U.S. dollars.
Interest and other income was approximately 0.8% and 0.4% of total
revenues for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The
increase in interest income in 2005 from 2004 was primarily due to higher
average balances of cash and cash equivalents during 2005, as compared with
2004, which resulted from the proceeds of the private placement of our stock
which occurred during the first quarter of 2005. During 2005, another factor
leading to the increase in interest and other income was interest income derived
from our note receivable - shareholder.
Provision for Income Taxes
For the year ended December 31, 2005 we have recorded a current tax
provision of approximately $18 thousand. At December 31, 2005, we had
approximately $42 million of federal net operating loss carryforwards and
approximately $14 million of California state net operating loss carryforwards
available to reduce future taxable income, which will begin to expire in 2013
for federal tax purposes and 2006 for state tax purposes, respectively.
In 1998, we experienced a "change of ownership" as that term is defined in
the Tax Reform Act of 1986. As such, utilization of our net operating loss
carryforwards through 1998 will be limited to $400 thousand per year until such
carryforwards are fully utilized or expire.
Deemed Dividends on Preferred Stock
On February 2, 2005, we completed the 2005 private placement, which raised
a total of $4 million through the sale of 148,148 shares of Series A preferred
stock and five-year warrants to purchase 74,070 shares of Series B preferred
stock.
The fair value of the Series A preferred stock was calculated based on the
market price and underlying number of common shares they would have converted
into had the conversion occurred immediately upon their issuance. The market
price for our common stock on the commitment date of the 2005 private placement
was $0.46 and the Series A preferred stock would have converted into 14,814,800
common shares, thus deriving a fair value of approximately $6.8 million.
The fair value of the warrants was estimated to be $1.9 million and was
calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following
weighted average assumptions: a risk free interest rate of 1.5%, a volatility
factor of 60%, a dividend yield of 0% and a five year life.
Based on the relative fair values of the Preferred Shares and the warrants
at the time of their issuance, we allocated $3.1 million of the $4.0 million
proceeds of the 2005 Private Placement to the Preferred Shares and $0.9 million
to the warrants.
The Preferred Shares we issued contained a non-detachable conversion
feature (the "Beneficial Conversion Feature") that was in-the-money upon
completion of the 2005 Private Placement. The discount resulting from recording
the Beneficial Conversion Feature, as determined using the intrinsic value
22
method, was calculated to be approximately $3.1 million and was recognized as if
this amount had been declared a non-cash dividend to the preferred shareholders
when the preferred stock was converted to common stock.
Additionally, the approximate $0.9 million discount resulting from the
allocation of the proceeds of the 2005 Private Placement on a relative fair
value basis to the Series A preferred shares and the warrants issued in the 2005
Private Placement was recognized as if this amount had been declared a non-cash
dividend to the preferred shareholders when the preferred stock was converted to
common stock.
On March 29, 2005, our stockholders approved an amendment to our
certificate of incorporation increasing our authorized but unissued common stock
from 45,000,000 to 195,000,000 shares. Upon the effectiveness of the certificate
of amendment to our certificate of incorporation implementing this increase,
each share of Series A preferred stock was automatically converted into 100
shares of our common stock and each warrant was automatically converted into a
warrant to purchase that number of shares of common stock equal to the number of
shares of preferred stock subject to the warrant multiplied by 100. As a result,
all outstanding shares of Series A Preferred Stock (148,148 shares) were
converted into 14,814,800 shares of our common stock. In addition, upon the
effectiveness of the certificate of amendment, all outstanding warrants to
purchase shares of Series A preferred stock (14,815 shares) and Series B
preferred stock (81,477 shares) were converted into five-year warrants to
purchase 1,481,500 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.27 per
share and five-year warrants to purchase 8,147,700 shares of our common stock at
an exercise price of $0.40 per share, respectively.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
During 2006 we anticipate increasing our net cash investments in our
operations by approximately $1.0 million over our 2005 levels. We anticipate
increasing our net cash investments in our research and development efforts
internally, including through our newly-established Israeli subsidiary (GraphOn
Research Labs, Ltd.), and externally through greater use of consulting engineers
to help enhance our product development efforts. Additionally, we expect that
our net cash administrative investments will increase as we devote more
resources to the continued growth of our business internally and through the
exploration of potential business combinations and other opportunities. We also
expect our net cash administrative investments to grow in relation to increases
in the costs of doing business as a public entity. Our net cash sales and
marketing investments will increase as we continue with our general plan of
increasing our sales and marketing endeavors.
We are simultaneously looking at ways to improve our revenue stream. We
believe that improving or maintaining our current revenue stream, coupled with
our cash on hand, including the cash raised in the 2005 private placement, will
sufficiently support our operations over the course of the next several
quarterly reporting periods.
On January 31, 2005, we acquired NES for 9,599,993 shares of common stock,
the assumption of approximately $233 thousand of NES' indebtedness and the
reimbursement to AIGH Investment Partners, LLC ("AIGH"), an affiliate of a
principal stockholder (Orin Hirschman), of $665 thousand for its advance on our
behalf of a like sum in December 2004 to settle certain third party litigation
against NES. We reimbursed the advance through a partial credit against the
price of our securities acquired by AIGH in the 2005 private placement.
The 2005 private placement, which was consummated on February 2, 2005,
raised a total of $4.0 million, inclusive of the $665 thousand credit issued to
AIGH. As of September 30, 2006, we had consumed approximately $525 thousand and
$700 thousand of the cash raised paying for expenses related to the 2005 private
placement and the NES acquisition, respectively. We estimate that we will have
no further disbursements of cash related to either the 2005 private placement or
the NES acquisition.
Our operating activities used approximately $374 thousand of net cash
during the first nine months of 2006. The net cash used was primarily comprised
of our $2,082 thousand net loss, partially offset by non-cash charges, including
depreciation and amortization of $769 thousand and stock-based compensation
expense of $347 thousand. We began recording stock-based compensation expense as
a charge against our income during 2006 as discussed elsewhere in this
Prospectus. We used approximately $56 thousand in investing activities during
the first nine months of 2006, primarily for general capital expenditures. We
used approximately $50 thousand in financing activities during the first nine
months of 2006, which was mainly comprised of the disbursement of the last $58
thousand worth of costs associated with the 2005 private placement, partially
offset by proceeds of stock sales to our employees under our employee stock
purchase plan.
23
Our operating activities provided approximately $747 thousand of net cash
during 2005. This net cash was provided primarily by a $676 thousand increase in
deferred revenue and $1,066 thousand of depreciation and amortization charges
during 2005. Partially offsetting these amounts was our $1,147 thousand net loss
for 2005. We consumed approximately $772 thousand of net cash in our 2005
investing activities. This amount was primarily comprised of $699 thousand cash
disbursed as part of the NES acquisition and $71 thousand of general capital
expenditures. Our financing activities provided net cash of approximately $2,878
thousand during 2005. The majority of this net cash was the result of the 2005
private placement.
Working Capital
As of September 30, 2006, we had net current assets of $3,722 thousand and
current liabilities of $1,724 thousand, which netted to working capital of
$1,998 thousand. Included in current liabilities as of September 30, 2006, was
the current portion of deferred revenue of $1,135 thousand.
As of December 31, 2005, we had net current assets of $4,335 thousand and
current liabilities of $1,841 thousand, which netted to working capital of
$2,494 thousand. Included in current liabilities as of December 31, 2005, was
the current portion of deferred revenue of $1,015 thousand.
Based on our current operating revenues, operating cost structure, and the
cash raised in the 2005 private placement, we believe that we will be able to
support our operational needs with currently available resources for at least
the next twelve months. However, due to inherent uncertainties associated with
predicting future operations, there can be no assurances that these resources
will be sufficient to fund our anticipated expenses during the next twelve
months.
Cash and cash equivalents
As of September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, cash and cash equivalents
were approximately $3,049 thousand and $3,528 thousand, respectively. We
anticipate that our cash and cash equivalents as of September 30, 2006, together
with revenue from 2006 operations will be sufficient to fund our anticipated
expenses during the next twelve months. However, due to the inherent
uncertainties associated with predicting future operations, there can be no
assurances that these resources will be sufficient to fund our anticipated
expenses during the next twelve months.
Accounts receivable, net
At September 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, we had approximately $614
thousand and $763 thousand in accounts receivable, net of allowances totaling
$47 thousand (both periods). During the first nine months of 2006 and the year
ended December 31, 2005, we wrote off receivables aggregating approximately $0
and $2,300, respectively. From time to time, we could maintain individually
significant accounts receivable balances from one or more of our significant
customers. If the financial condition of any of these significant customers
should deteriorate, our operating results could be materially adversely
affected.
Commitments and contingencies
We do not anticipate any material capital expenditure commitments for the
next twelve months.
The following table discloses our contractual commitments for future
periods, which consist entirely of leases for office space, as previously
discussed and assumes that we will occupy all current leased facilities for the
full term of the underlying leases:
Year ending December ($000s)
-------------------- ------
2007 $ 167
2008 138
2009 (none thereafter) 71
Rent expense aggregated approximately $104 thousand and $123 thousand for
the nine-months ended September 30, 2006 and the year ended December 31, 2005,
respectively.
Pursuant to an Investment Advisory Agreement we entered into during 2004
with Orin Hirschman, a significant stockholder of ours, in the event that we
24
complete a transaction with a third party introduced to us by Mr. Hirschman, we
shall pay to Mr. Hirschman 5% of the value of that transaction. The agreement,
as amended, expires on January 29, 2008.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the staff of the Securities and Exchange Commission
issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 ("SAB 108") which provides interpretive
guidance on how the effects of the carryover or reversal of prior year
misstatements should be considered in quantifying a current year misstatement.
SAB 108 becomes effective in the first fiscal year ending after November 15,
2006. We are assessing the impact of SAB 108, but do not expect it to have a
material impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial position.
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB")
issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, "Employer's
Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans" ("SFAS
158") which improves financial reporting by requiring an employer to recognize
the overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan
(other than a multiemployer plan) as an asset or liability in its balance sheet
and to recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes
occur through comprehensive income of a business entity or changes in
unrestricted net assets of a not-for-profit organization. This statement also
improves financial reporting by requiring an employer to measure the funded
status of a plan as of the date of its year-end balance sheet, with limited
exceptions. An employer with publicly traded equity securities is required to
initially recognize the funded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan
and to provide the required disclosures as of the end of the fiscal year ended
after December 15, 2006. We are assessing the impact of SFAS 158, but do not
expect it to have a material impact on our results of operations, cash flows or
financial position.
In September 2006, FASB issued SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements"
("SFAS 157") which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring
fair value in generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures
about fair value measurements. SFAS 157 applies under other accounting
pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, FASB having
previously concluded in those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the
relevant measurement attribute. Accordingly, SFAS 157 does not require any new
fair value measurements, however, for some entities; application of SFAS 157
will change current practice. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements
issued for the first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim
periods within those fiscal years. WE are assessing the impact of SFAS 157, but
do not expect it to have a material impact on our results of operations, cash
flows or financial position.
In July 2006, FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, "Accounting for
Uncertainties in Income Taxes - An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109"
("FIN 48"). FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute
for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or
expected to be taken in a tax return. In addition, it provides guidance on the
measurement, derecognition, classification and disclosure of tax positions, as
well as the accounting for related interest and penalties. FIN 48 is effective
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. We are assessing the impact
of FIN 48, but do not expect it to have a material impact on our results of
operations, cash flows or financial position.
25
Business
General
We are developers of business connectivity software, including Unix, Linux
and Windows server-based software, with an immediate focus on web-enabling
applications for use and/or resale by independent software vendors (ISVs),
application service providers (ASPs), corporate enterprises, governmental and
educational institutions, and others.
Server-based computing, sometimes referred to as thin-client computing,
is a computing model where traditional desktop software applications are
relocated to run entirely on a server, or host computer. This centralized
deployment and management of applications reduces the complexity and total costs
associated with enterprise computing. Our software architecture provides
application developers with the ability to relocate applications traditionally
run on the desktop to a server, or host computer, where they can be run over a
variety of connections from remote locations to a variety of display devices.
With our server-based software, applications can be web enabled, without any
modification to the original application software required, allowing the
applications to be run from browsers or portals. Our server-based technology can
web-enable a variety of Unix, Linux or Windows applications.
On January 31, 2005, we acquired Network Engineering Software, Inc.
("NES"), which was engaged in the development and patenting of proprietary
technologies relating to the submission, storage, retrieval and security of
information remotely accessed by computers, typically through computer networks
or the Internet. In a contemporaneous private placement, we raised a total of
$4,000,000 (the "2005 private placement") inclusive of a $665,000 credit, as
described elsewhere in this Prospectus.
We are a Delaware corporation, founded in May of 1996. Our headquarters
are located at 5400 Soquel Avenue, Suite A2, Santa Cruz, California, 95062 and
our phone number is 1-800-GRAPHON (1-800-472-7466). Our Internet website is
http://www.graphon.com. The information on our website is not part of this
annual report. We also have offices in Concord, New Hampshire, Rolling Hills
Estates, California and Berkshire, England, United Kingdom.
Business Connectivity Software
History
In the 1970s, software applications were executed on central mainframes
and typically accessed by low-cost display terminals. Information technology
departments were responsible for deploying, managing and supporting the
applications to create a reliable environment for users. In the 1980s, the PC
became the desktop of choice: empowering the user with flexibility, a graphical
user interface, and a multitude of productive and inexpensive applications. In
the 1990s, the desktop provided access to mainframe applications and databases,
which run on large, server computers. Throughout the computing evolution, the
modern desktop has become increasingly complex and costly to administer and
maintain. This situation is further worsened as organizations become more
decentralized with remote employees, and as their desire increases to become
more closely connected with vendors and customers through the Internet.
Lowering Total Cost of Ownership
PC software in general has grown dramatically in size and complexity in
recent years. As a result, the cost of supporting and maintaining PC desktops
has increased substantially. Industry analysts and enterprise users alike have
begun to recognize that the total cost of PC ownership, taking into account the
recurring cost of technical support, administration, security and end-user down
time, has become high, both in absolute terms and relative to the initial
hardware purchase price.
With increasing demands to control corporate computing costs, industry
leaders are developing technology to address total cost of ownership issues. One
approach, led by Sun Microsystems and IBM, utilizes Java-based network
computers, which operate by downloading small Java programs to the desktop,
which in turn are used for accessing server-based applications. Another approach
is Microsoft's Windows Terminal Services(TM), introduced in June 1998. It
permits server-based Windows applications to be accessed from Windows-based
network computers. Both initiatives are examples of server-based computing. They
simplify the desktop by moving the responsibility of running applications to a
central server, with the promise of lowering total cost of ownership.
26
Enterprise Cross-Platform Computing
Today's enterprises contain a diverse collection of end user devices, each
with its particular operating system, processing power and connection type.
Consequently, it is becoming increasingly difficult to provide universal access
to business-critical applications across the enterprise. As a result,
organizations resort to emulation software, new hardware or costly application
rewrites in order to provide universal application access.
A common cross-platform problem for the enterprise is the need to access
Unix or Linux applications from a PC desktop. While Unix-based computers
dominate the enterprise applications market, Microsoft Windows-based PCs
dominate the enterprise desktop market. Since the early 1990s, enterprises have
been striving to connect desktop PCs to Unix applications over all types of
connections, including networks and standard phone lines. This effort, however,
is complex and costly. The primary solution to date is known as PC X Server
software. PC X Server software is a large software program that requires
substantial memory and processing resources on the desktop. Typically, PC X
Server software is difficult to install, configure and maintain. Enterprises are
looking for effective Unix connectivity software for PCs and non-PC desktops
that is easier and less expensive to administer and maintain.
Today businesses are exploring alternatives to the Windows desktop. The
Linux desktop is a popular choice as it promises lower acquisition costs and
avoids "single vendor lock-in." The Linux desktop and the Unix desktop, popular
in many engineering organizations, both need to access the large number of
applications written for the Microsoft operating environment, such as Office
2003. Our technology enables Windows applications to be published to any client
device running our GO-Global client software, including: Linux, Unix, Windows
and Macintosh desktops and devices.
Application Service Providers (ASPs)
With the ubiquitous nature of the Internet, new operational models and
sales channels are emerging. Traditional high-end software packages that were
once too expensive for many companies are now available for rent over the
Internet. By servicing customers through a centralized operation, rather than
installing and maintaining applications at each customer's site, ASPs play an
important role in addressing an enterprise's computing requirements. Today, ASPs
are faced with the difficult task of creating, or rewriting, applications to
serve the broader market.
Remote Computing
The cost and complexity of contemporary enterprise computing has been
further complicated by the growth in remote access requirements. As business
activities become physically distributed, computer users have looked to portable
computers with remote access capabilities to stay connected in a highly
dispersed work environment. One problem facing remote computing over the
Internet, or direct telephone connections, is the slow speed of communication in
contrast to the high speed of internal corporate networks. Today, applications
requiring remote access must be tailored to the limited speed and lower
reliability of remote connections, further complicating the already significant
challenge of connecting desktop users to business-critical applications.
Our Technology
Our server-based software deploys, manages, supports and executes
applications entirely on a server computer by interfacing efficiently and
instantaneously to the user's desktop device. Introduction of our Windows-based
Bridges software during 2000 enabled us to enter the Windows application market
by allowing us to provide support for Windows applications to both enterprise
customers and to leverage independent software vendors (ISVs) as a distribution
channel. We introduced our GO-Global for Windows product in 2002, which features
increased application compatibility, server scalability and improved application
performance over our Bridges software.
Our technology consists of three key components:
o A server component, which runs alongside the server-based application,
is responsible for intercepting user-specific information for display at
the desktop.
o A desktop component, which is responsible only for sending keystrokes
and mouse motion to the server, displays the appearance of the
application to the desktop user. This keeps the desktop simple, or thin,
as well as independent of application requirements for resources,
processing power and operating systems.
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o Our protocol, which enables efficient communication over both fast
networks and slow dial-up connections, allows applications to be
accessed from remote locations with network-like performance and
responsiveness.
We believe that the major benefits of our technology are as follows:
o Lowers Total Cost of Ownership. Reducing information technology (IT)
costs is a primary goal of our products. Today, installing enterprise
applications is time-consuming, complex and expensive. It typically
requires administrators to manually install and support diverse
desktop configurations and interactions. Our server-based software
simplifies application management by enabling deployment,
administration and support from a central location. Installation and
updates are made only on the server, thereby avoiding desktop software
and operating system conflicts and minimizing at-the-desk support.
o Supports Strong Information Security Practices. The distributed nature
of most organizations' computing environments makes information security
difficult. Corporate assets in the form of data are often dispersed
among desktop systems. Our server-based approach places the application
and data on servers behind firewalls. This allows the corporation to
centrally manage its applications and data.
o Web Enables Existing Applications. The Internet represents a fundamental
change in distributed computing. Organizations now benefit from
ubiquitous access to corporate resources by both local and remote
users. However, to fully exploit this opportunity, organizations need
to find a way to publish existing applications to Internet enabled
devices. Our technology is specifically targeted at solving this
problem. With GO-Global, an organization can publish an existing
application to an Internet-enabled device without the need to rewrite
the application. This reduces application development costs while
preserving the rich user interface so difficult to replicate in a
native Web application.
o Connects Diverse Computing Platforms. Today's computing infrastructures
are a mix of computing devices, network connections and operating
systems. Enterprise-wide application deployment is problematic due to
this heterogeneity, often requiring costly and complex emulation
software or application rewrites. Our products provide organizations
the ability to access applications from virtually all devices,
utilizing their existing computing infrastructure, without rewriting a
single line of code or changing or reconfiguring hardware. This means
that enterprises can maximize their investment in existing technology
and allow users to work in their preferred environment.
o Leverages Existing PCs and Deploys New Desktop Hardware. Our software
brings the benefits of server-based computing to users of existing PC
hardware, while simultaneously enabling enterprises to begin to take
advantage of and deploy many of the new, less complex network
computers. This assists organizations in maximizing their current
investment in hardware and software while, at the same time,
facilitating a manageable and cost effective transition to newer
devices.
o Efficient Protocol. Applications typically are designed for
network-connected desktops, which can put tremendous strain on
congested networks and may yield poor, sometimes unacceptable,
performance over remote connections. For ASPs, bandwidth typically is
the top recurring expense when web-enabling, or renting, access to
applications over the Internet. In the wireless market, bandwidth
constraints limit application deployment. Our protocol sends only
keystrokes, mouse clicks and display updates over the network,
resulting in minimal impact on bandwidth for application deployment,
thus lowering cost on a per user basis. Within the enterprise, our
protocol can extend the reach of business-critical applications to
many areas, including branch offices, telecommuters and remote users
over the Internet, phone lines or wireless connections. This concept
may be extended further to include vendors and customers for increased
flexibility, time-to-market and customer satisfaction.
Our Products
We are dedicated to creating business connectivity technology that brings
Windows, Unix, and Linux applications to the web without modification. Our
customers include ISVs, Value-Added Resellers (VARs), ASPs and small to
medium-sized enterprises. We believe that by employing our technology, our
customers can benefit from a very quick time to market, overall cost savings via
centralized computing, a client neutral cross-platform solution, and high
performance remote access.
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Our primary product offerings are:
o GO-Global for Windows allows access to Windows applications from remote
locations and a variety of connections, including the Internet and
dial-up connections. GO-Global for Windows allows Windows applications
to be run via a browser from Windows or non-Windows devices, over many
types of data connections, regardless of the bandwidth or operating
system. With GO-Global for Windows, web enabling is achieved without
modifying the underlying Windows applications' code or requiring
costly add-ons.
o GO-Global for Unix web-enables Unix and Linux applications, thus
allowing them to be run via a browser from many different display
devices, over various types of data connections, regardless of the
bandwidth or operating systems being used. GO-Global for Unix
web-enables individual Unix and Linux applications, or entire
desktops. When using GO-Global for Unix, Unix and Linux web enabling
is achieved without modifying the underlying applications' code or
requiring costly add-ons.
Target Markets
The target market for our products comprises organizations that need to
access Windows, Unix and/or Linux applications from a wide variety of devices,
from remote locations, including over the Internet, dial-up lines, and wireless
connections. This includes organizations, such as small to medium-sized
companies, governmental and educational institutions, ISVs, VARs and ASPs. Our
software is designed to allow these enterprises to tailor the configuration of
the end user device for a particular purpose, rather than following a "one PC
fits all," high total cost of ownership model. We believe our opportunities are
as follows:
o ISVs. By web-enabling their applications through use of our products, we
believe that our ISV customers can accelerate their time to market
without the risks and delays associated with rewriting applications or
using other third party solutions, thereby opening up additional revenue
opportunities and securing greater satisfaction and loyalty from their
customers.
Our technology quickly integrates with their existing software
applications without sacrificing the full-featured look and feel of
their original software application, thus providing ISVs with
out-of-the-box web-enabled versions of their software applications with
their own branding for licensed, volume distribution to their enterprise
customers. We further believe that ISVs who effectively address the web
computing needs of customers and the emerging ASP market will have a
competitive advantage in the marketplace.
o Enterprises Employing a Mix of Unix, Linux, Macintosh and Windows. Small
to medium-sized companies that utilize a mixed computing environment
require cross-platform connectivity solutions, like GO-Global, that
will allow users to access applications from different client devices.
It has been estimated that PCs represent over 90% of enterprise
desktops. We believe that our products are well positioned to exploit
this opportunity and that our server-based software products will
significantly reduce the cost and complexity of connecting PCs to
various applications.
o Enterprises With Remote Computer Users and/or Extended Markets. Remote
computer users and enterprises with extended markets comprise two of
the faster growing market segments in the computing industry. Extended
enterprises allow access to their computing resources to customers,
suppliers, distributors and other partners, thereby gaining
flexibility in manufacturing and increasing speed-to-market and
customer satisfaction. For example, extended enterprises may maintain
decreased inventory via just-in-time, vendor-managed inventory and
related techniques, or they may license their proprietary software
application on a "pay-per-time" model, based on actual time usage by
the customer. The early adoption of extended enterprise solutions may
be driven in part by enterprises' needs to exchange information over a
wide variety of computing platforms. We believe that our server-based
software products, along with our low-impact protocol, which has been
designed to enable highly efficient low-bandwidth connections are well
positioned to provide enabling solutions for extended enterprise
computing.
o ASPs. High-end software applications in the fields of human resources,
enterprise resource planning, enterprise relationship management,
among others, historically have been available only to organizations
able to make large investments in capital and personnel. The Internet
has opened up global and mid-tier markets to ASPs, which may now offer
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their software applications to a broader market on a rental basis. Our
products enable such ASPs to provide Internet access to their
applications with minimal additional investment in development
implementation.
o VARs. The VAR channel potentially presents an additional sales force for
our products and services. In addition to creating broader awareness
of GO-Global, VARs also provide integration and support services for
our current and potential customers. Our products allow VARs to offer
a cost effective competitive alternative for server-based thin client
computing. In addition, reselling our GO-Global software creates new
revenue streams for our VARs through professional services and
maintenance renewals.
Strategic Relationships
We believe it is important to maintain our current strategic alliances and
to seek suitable new alliances in order to enhance shareholder value, improve
our technology and/or enhance our ability to penetrate relevant target markets.
We also are focusing on strategic relationships that have immediate revenue
generating potential, strengthen our position in the server-based software
market, add complementary capabilities and/or raise awareness of our products
and us. Our strategic relationships include the following:
o In February 2002 we signed a three-year, non-exclusive agreement with
Agilent Technologies, an international provider of technologies,
solutions and services to the communications, electronics, life
sciences and chemical analysis industries. Pursuant to this agreement,
we licensed our Unix-based web-enabling products to Agilent for
inclusion in their Agilent OSS Web Center, an operations support
system that provides access to mission-critical applications remotely
via a secure Internet browser. This agreement automatically renews for
additional one (1) year periods unless written notice is given by
either Agilent or us, to the other, as to the intention not to renew
this agreement at least sixty (60) days prior to the end of the
initial term or any subsequent period. Accordingly, this agreement was
renewed during February 2006 for an additional one-year term.
o We are a party to a distribution agreement with KitASP, a Japanese
application service provider founded by companies within Japan's
electronics and infrastructure industries, including NTT DATA,
Mitsubishi Electric, Omron, RICS, Toyo Engineering and Hitachi,
pursuant to which we have afforded KitASP, should it achieve certain
performance criteria, an exclusive right, within Japan, to distribute
our web-enabling technology, bundled with their ASP services, and to
resell our software. We are currently negotiating an extension to this
agreement, which expired in June 2006, as we continue to conduct
business with KitASP under the terms of the expired agreement. We
anticipate continuing our relationship with KitASP throughout 2006.
o We are a party to a non-exclusive licensing agreement with FrontRange,
an international software and services company, which affords
FrontRange the right to include our GO-Global for Windows software
with its HEAT help desk software system. FrontRange has completely
integrated GO-Global for Windows into HEAT as iHEAT. We have also
licensed our GO-Global for Windows software to FrontRange for
integration with its Goldmine client relationship management software
package. FrontRange has completely integrated GO-Global for Windows
into Goldmine as iGoldmine. This agreement, which expires in March
2007 automatically renews for additional one (1) year terms, unless
FrontRange gives us written notice of non-renewal within 45 days prior
to the expiration of the then current term. We may terminate this
agreement immediately by written notice upon the occurrence of certain
predetermined events.
o We are a party to a non-exclusive licensing agreement with Compuware, an
international software and services company, which affords Compuware
the right to include our GO-Global for Windows software with its
UNIFACE software, a development and deployment environment for
enterprise customer-facing applications. Compuware has completely
integrated GO-Global for Windows into its UNIFACE deployment
architecture as UNIFACE JTi, thereby enabling purchasers to access
enterprise-level UNIFACE applications via the Internet. During
December 2005, at Compuware's request, we amended this agreement to
include Compuware's authorized resellers. This agreement, as amended,
is scheduled to expire in September 2006. It automatically renews for
additional successive one (1) year periods unless canceled by either
party at least thirty (30) days prior to the expiration of the initial
term or any subsequent renewal period.
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Sales, Marketing and Support
Our sales and marketing efforts are directed at increasing product
awareness and demand among ISVs, ASPs, small to medium-sized enterprises, and
VARs who have a vertical orientation or are focused on Unix, Linux or Windows
environments. Current marketing activities include direct mail, targeted
advertising campaigns, tradeshows, production of promotional materials, public
relations and maintaining an Internet presence for marketing and sales purposes.
We consider KitASP, Alcatel Italia and FrontRange to be our most
significant customers. Sales to KitASP, Alcatel Italia (inclusive of all other
Alcatel locations worldwide) and FrontRange represented approximately 16.5%,
16.8% and 9.8%, respectively, of total sales for the nine months ended September
30, 2006 and 16.8%, 16.0% and 11.5% of total sales during the year ended
December 31, 2005, respectively.
Many of our customers enter into, and periodically renew, maintenance
contracts to ensure continued product updates and support. Currently, we offer
maintenance contracts for one, two, three or five-year periods.
Research and Development
Our research and development efforts currently are focused on further
enhancing the functionality, performance and reliability of existing products
and developing new products. We invested into research and development with
respect to our software products approximately $1,278 thousand and $1,501
thousand during the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and
$1,441 thousand and $970 for the nine-months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005,
respectively. We historically have made significant investments in our protocol
and in the performance and development of our server-based software and expect
to continue to make significant product investments during 2006. We also
anticipate increasing the size of our in-house research and development
workforce during 2006 so that we may accelerate our efforts to further stabilize
and enhance our current product offerings and help determine the extent to which
the technology covered by the patents we acquired from NES have application,
among other possibilities, to our current GO-Global product line.
Competition
The server-based software market in which we participate is highly
competitive. We believe that we have significant advantages over our
competitors, both in product performance and market positioning. This market
ranges from remote access for a single PC user to server-based software for
large numbers of users over many different types of device and network
connections. Our competitors include manufacturers of conventional PC X server
software. Competition is expected from these and other companies in the
server-based software market. Competitive factors in our market space include;
price, product quality, functionality, product differentiation and breadth.
We believe our principal competitors for our current products include
Citrix Systems, Inc., Hummingbird Communications, Ltd., WRQ, Network Computing
Devices and NetManage. Citrix is the established leading vendor of server-based
computing software. Hummingbird is the established market leader in PC X
Servers. WRQ, Network Computing Devices, and NetManage also offer traditional PC
X Server software.
Proprietary Technology - Intellectual Property Portfolio
We rely primarily on trade secret protection, copyright law,
confidentiality and proprietary information agreements to protect our
proprietary technology and registered trademarks. The loss of any material trade
secret, trademark, trade name or copyright could have a material adverse effect
on our results of operations and financial condition. We intend to vigorously
defend our patents. There can be no assurance that our efforts to protect our
proprietary technology rights will be successful.
Despite our precautions, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties
to copy portions of our products, or to obtain information we regard as
proprietary. We do not believe our products infringe on the rights of any third
parties, but there can be no assurance that third parties will not assert
infringement claims against us in the future, or that any such assertion will
not result in costly litigation or require us to obtain a license to proprietary
technology rights of such parties.
Upon our acquisition of NES on January 31, 2005, we acquired the rights to
11 patents, which are primarily method patents that describe software and
network architectures to accomplish certain tasks. Generally, our patents
describe:
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o methods to collect, store and display information developed and accessed
by users and stored on host computer servers;
o methods to provide multiple virtual websites on one computer;
o methods to protect computers and computer networks from unauthorized
access; and
o methods to provide on-line information and directory service.
The patents, summarized below, have applicability to computer networks,
virtual private networks and the Internet.
Patent Number Date of Grant Scope of Coverage
-------------- -------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------
5,778,367 July 7, 1998 Automated, network-accessible, user-populated database, particularly for
the World Wide Web
6,324,538 November 27, 2001 Automated, network-accessible, user-populated database, particularly for
the World Wide Web
6,850,940 (1) February 1, 2005 (1) Automated, network-accessible, user-populated database, particularly for
the World Wide Web
5,870,550 February 9, 1999 Network-accessible server that hosts multiple websites
6,647,422 November 11, 2003 Network-accessible server that hosts multiple websites
5,826,014 October 20, 1998 Internet firewall application in which a "proxy agent" screens incoming
request from network users and verifies the authority of the incoming
request before permitting access to a network element
6,061,798 May 9, 2000 Internet firewall application in which a "proxy agent" screens incoming
request from network users and verifies the authority of the incoming
request before permitting access to a network element
5,898,830 April 27, 1999 Firewall computers that act as intermediaries between pairs of other
computers including control of access to a virtual private network
6,052,788 April 18, 2000 Firewall computers that act as intermediaries between pairs of other
computers including control of access to a virtual private network
6,751,738 June 15, 2004 Firewall computers that act as intermediaries between pairs of other
computers including control of access to a virtual private network
6,804,783 October 12, 2004 Firewall computers that act as intermediaries between pairs of other
computers including control of access to a virtual private network
5,790,664 August 4, 1998 Technology for monitoring the license status of software application(s)
installed on a client computer
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Patent granted on February 1, 2005, subsequent to the acquisition of NES. As
of December 6, 2006 we have 15 issued patents.
32
As of December 6, 2006, we have 79 applications for method patents filed
in the United States Patent Office relating to the various aspects of
submission, storage, retrieval and security of information stored on computers
accessed remotely, typically through computer networks or the Internet. At that
date, the applications had been pending for various periods ranging from
approximately 1 to 72 months. Of the 79 applications, 77 are continuations of
previously issued patents and two are continuations in part. Additionally, as of
December 6, 2006, one of the applications has been allowed but has not yet been
issued. No applications for patents have been filed in any foreign jurisdiction.
We intend to maximize the revenue potential of our intellectual property
portfolio, primarily consisting of the patents we acquired from NES, by
initiating litigation, when appropriate, against those companies who we believe
are infringing such patents. We also intend to expand our research and
development workforce in order to enhance our current product offerings and to
review our intellectual property portfolio to help determine the extent to which
the technology covered by our patents has application to our current GO-Global
product line. As more fully discussed elsewhere in this Prospectus, in November
2005, we initiated an infringement action with respect to two of our patents.
Operations
We perform all purchasing, order processing and shipping of our products
and accounting functions related to our operations. We also perform production
of software masters, development of documentation, packaging designs, quality
control and testing. When required by a customer, CD-ROM and floppy disk
duplication, printing of documentation and packaging are also accomplished
through in-house means. We generally ship products electronically immediately
upon receipt of order. As a result, we have relatively little backlog at any
given time, and do not consider backlog a significant indicator of future
performance. Additionally, since virtually all of our orders are currently being
fulfilled electronically, we do not maintain any prepackaged inventory.
Employees
As of December 6, 2006, we had a total of 31 employees, including six in
sales and marketing, 16 in research and development, seven in administration and
finance and two in our patent group. We believe our relationship with our
employees is good. No employees are covered by a collective bargaining
agreement.
Properties
We currently occupy approximately 1,850 square feet of office space in
Santa Cruz, California, under a lease that will expire in July 2008. Rental of
these premises will average approximately $4 thousand per month over the term of
the lease, which is inclusive of our pro rata share of utilities, facilities
maintenance and other costs. We have the option to renew the lease for one
three-year term upon its expiration by giving written notice to the landlord not
later than 180 days prior to the expiration of the initial lease term. Santa
Cruz is our corporate headquarters and is staffed by administrative personnel.
During September 2006 we renewed the lease for our office space in
Concord, New Hampshire, for a three-year term, which is cancelable upon 30-days
written notice by either our landlord or us. As part of the renewal, we
increased the square footage that we occupy from approximately 3,300 square feet
to 5,561 square feet. Rent on the Concord facility is approximately $8 thousand
per month. Concord is our primary engineering facility and is staffed by our
Windows software engineers.
During August 2006 we entered into a two-year lease for approximately
1,400 square feet of office space in Tel Aviv, Israel, which will terminate
during July 2008. We hold an option to extend the lease for one year. Monthly
rental payments throughout the original lease term will approximate $2,800,
which rate is subject to fluctuation, depending on exchange rates. This office
will be the primary facility for employees of our new Israeli subsidiary, which
will be engaged in engineering activities.
We currently occupy approximately 800 square feet of office space in
Rolling Hills Estates, California, under a lease that will expire in March 2007.
Monthly rental payments are approximately $1 thousand for the Rolling Hills
Estates office. This office is staffed by a sales representative.
We also lease approximately 250 square feet of office space in Berkshire,
England, United Kingdom under a lease that runs through December 2006. Monthly
rent on this office is approximately $0.4 thousand per month, which rate is
subject to fluctuation, depending on exchange rates. This office is staffed by a
sales representative.
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We believe our current facilities will be adequate to accommodate our
needs for the foreseeable future.
Legal Proceedings
On November 23, 2005, we initiated a proceeding against AutoTrader.com in
the United States District Court in the Eastern District of Texas, alleging that
Autotrader.com was infringing two of our patents, namely Nos. 6,324,538 and
6,850,940 (the "538" and "940" patents, respectively), which protect our unique
method of maintaining an automated and network accessible database, on its
AutoTrader.com website. We seek preliminary and permanent injunctive relief
along with unspecified damages and fees. Autotrader.com filed its Answer and
Counterclaims on January 17, 2006 seeking a declaratory judgment that it does
not infringe the 538 and 940 patents and that both patents are invalid. On March
24, 2006, Autotrader.com filed a motion for summary judgment seeking to
invalidate the 538 and 940 patents. On August 8, 2006, AutoTrader's motion for
summary judgment was denied. On August 9, 2006, the Court filed a Docket Control
Order setting forth proposed pretrial deadlines. The next significant dates set
were for the Markman Hearing (May 31, 2007) and jury selection (December 3,
2007).
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Management
Executive Officers and Directors of the Registrant
Set forth below is information concerning each of our directors and
executive officers.
Name Age Position
--------------- ----- --------------------------------------------------------------
Robert Dilworth 65 Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer
William Swain 66 Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
August P. Klein 70 Director
Michael Volker 58 Director
Gordon Watson 71 Director
Robert Dilworth has served as one of our directors since July 1998 and was
appointed Chairman in December 1999. In January 2002, Mr. Dilworth was appointed
Interim Chief Executive Officer upon the termination, by mutual agreement, of
our former Chief Executive Officer, Walter Keller. In September 2006, Mr.
Dilworth was appointed our full-time Chief Executive Officer. From 1987 to 1998
he served as the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Metricom,
Inc., a leading provider of wireless data communication and network solutions.
Prior to joining Metricom, from 1985 to 1988, Mr. Dilworth served as President
of Zenith Data Systems Corporation, a microcomputer manufacturer. Earlier
positions included Chief Executive Officer and President of Morrow Designs,
Chief Executive Officer of Ultramagnetics, Group Marketing and Sales Director of
Varian Associates Instruments Group, Director of Minicomputer Systems at Sperry
Univac and Vice President of Finance and Administration at Varian Data Machines.
Mr. Dilworth is currently a director of eOn Communications and Amber
Communications. Mr. Dilworth previously served as director of Mobility
Electronics, Get2Chip.com, Inc., Sky Pipeline and Yummy Interactive.
William Swain has served as our Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
since March 2000. Mr. Swain was a consultant from August 1998 until February
2000, working with entrepreneurs in the technology industry in connection with
the start-up and financing of new business opportunities. Mr. Swain was Chief
Financial Officer and Secretary of Metricom Inc., from January 1988 until June
1997, during which time he was instrumental in private financings as well as
Metricom's initial public offering and subsequent public financing activities.
He continued as Senior Vice President of Administration with Metricom from June
1997 until July 1998. Prior to joining Metricom, Mr. Swain held top financial
positions with leading companies in the computer industry, including Morrow
Designs, Varian Associates and Univac. Mr. Swain holds a Bachelors degree in
Business Administration from California State University of Los Angeles and is a
Certified Public Accountant in the State of California.
August P. Klein has served as one of our directors since August 1998. Mr.
Klein has been, since 1995, the founder, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of
the Board of JSK Corporation. From 1989 to 1993, Mr. Klein was founder and Chief
Executive Officer of Uniquest, Inc., an object-oriented application software
company. From 1984 to 1988, Mr. Klein served as Chief Executive Officer of
Masscomp, Inc., a developer of high performance real time mission critical
systems and Unix-based applications. Mr. Klein has served as Group Vice
President, Serial Printers at Data Products Corporation and President and Chief
Executive Officer at Integral Data Systems, a manufacturer of personal computer
printers. Mr. Klein spent 25 years with IBM Corporation, rising to a senior
executive position as General Manager of the Retail/Distribution Business Unit.
Mr. Klein is a director of QuickSite Corporation and has served as a trustee of
the Computer Museum in Boston, Massachusetts since 1988. Mr. Klein holds a B.S.
in Mathematics from St. Vincent College.
Michael Volker has served as one of our directors since July 2001. Since
1996 Mr. Volker has been Director of Simon Fraser University's Industry Liaison
Office. He is also Chief Executive Officer of WUTIF Capital, an "angel" fund
that invests in technology startup companies. From 1996 to 2001, Mr. Volker was
Chairman of the Vancouver Enterprise Forum, a non-profit organization dedicated
to the development of British Columbia's technology enterprises. From 1987 to
1996, Mr. Volker was Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of
Directors of RDM Corporation, a publicly-listed company. RDM is a developer of
specialized hardware and software products for both Internet electronic commerce
and paper payment processing. From 1988 to 1992, Mr. Volker was Executive
Director of BC Advanced Systems Institute, a hi-tech research institute. Since
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1982, Mr. Volker had been active in various early stage businesses as a founder,
investor, director and officer. Mr. Volker, a registered professional engineer
in the Province of British Columbia, holds a Bachelor's and Master's degree from
the University of Waterloo. Mr. Volker is also a director of Visiphor
Corporation and Plutonic Power Corporation.
Gordon Watson has served as one of our directors since April 2002. In
1997, Mr. Watson founded Watson Consulting, LLC, a consulting company for early
stage technology companies and has served as its President since its inception.
From 1996 to 1997 he served as Western Regional Director, Lotus Consulting of
Lotus Development Corporation. From 1988 to 1996, Mr. Watson held various
positions with Platinum Technology, Incorporated, most recently serving as Vice
President Business Development, Distributed Solutions. Earlier positions include
Senior Vice President of Sales for Local Data, Incorporated, President, Troy
Division, Data Card Corporation, and Vice President and General Manager,
Minicomputer Division, Computer Automation, Incorporated. Mr. Watson also held
various executive and director level positions with TRW, Incorporated, Varian
Data Machines, and Computer Usage Company. Mr. Watson holds a Bachelors of
Science degree in electrical engineering from the University of California at
Los Angeles and has taught at the University of California at Irvine. Mr. Watson
is also a director of PATH Reliability, SoftwarePROSe, Inc. and Pound Hill
Software.
Our Board of Directors has determined that each of our non-employee
directors (August Klein, Michael Volker and Gordon Watson), who collectively
constitute a majority of the Board, meets the general independence criteria as
set forth in the Nasdaq Marketplace Rules.
Our Board of Directors has an audit committee consisting of three
directors. The current members of the audit committee are August Klein
(committee chairman), Michael Volker and Gordon Watson. The Board has determined
that each member of the audit committee meets the Nasdaq Marketplace Rules'
definition of "independent" for audit committee purposes, except that Mr. Klein,
who received consulting fees in the aggregate amount of $7,000 during the first
quarter of the year ended December 31, 2006, would not be deemed to be
independent for audit committee purposes. We no longer have a consultancy
arrangement with Mr. Klein. Our Board of Directors has determined that Mr.
Klein meets the SEC's definition of an audit committee financial expert.
Our Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Ethics applicable to all of
our employees, including our chief executive officer, chief financial officer
and controller. This code of ethics was filed as an exhibit to the annual report
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003.
All executive officers serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors.
Summary Compensation
The following table sets forth information for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2006, concerning compensation we paid to our Chief Executive
Officer and our other executive officers whose total annual compensation
exceeded $100,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name and principal Option All Other
position Year Salary Awards (1) Compensation Total
-------------------------- -------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- ---------------
Robert Dilworth 2006 $ 259,034 $ 33,743 - $ 292,777
Chief Executive Officer
-------------------------- -------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- ---------------
William Swain 2006 $ 141,750 $ 25,155 $ 2,000 (2) $ 168,905
Chief Financial Officer
-------------------------- -------- -------------- ------------- ---------------- ---------------
- --------
(1) The amounts listed in the Option Awards column reflect the dollar amount
recognized for financial statement reporting purposes for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2006, in accordance with Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123R, "Share-Based Payments," ("FAS123R") and
include amounts from awards granted in and prior to 2006. Prior to our
adoption of FAS123R, on January 1, 2006, we used the intrinsic-value
method, as prescribed by Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No.
25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and interpretations thereof,
(collectively, "APB 25"). We estimated the fair value of stock options at
their grant date by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the
following weighted average assumptions for grants made prior to 2006 that
are included in the Summary Compensation Table: dividend yield of 0,
36
risk-free interest of 1.5% to 2.5%, expected volatility of 60% and an
expected life of 5 years. The assumptions used in the valuations of stock
options awarded in 2006, subsequent to our adoption of FAS123R, appear in
Footnote 15 to the Financial Statements, which begin on page F-1 of this
Prospectus
(2) Company contribution to the 401(k) Plan.
Mr. Dilworth began as Chief Executive Officer (Interim) during January
2002 and became full-time Chief Executive Officer during September 2006. Mr.
Dilworth has elected, since assuming the interim Chief Executive Officer
position, to forgo the cash compensation we pay all directors for their
attendance at board and committee meetings as well as the quarterly
retainer.
The recognized stock-based compensation expense listed as Option Awards
for Mr. Dilworth in the above Summary Compensation Table was derived from option
awards made on May 5, 2003, November 15, 2004, January 27, 2005 and January 26,
2006, in the amount of 40,000, 40,000, 200,000 and 125,000 options,
respectively, at exercise prices of $0.18, $0.34, $0.43 and $0.21 per share,
respectively. The options granted to Mr. Dilworth on November 15, 2004, which
aggregated $2,554 of stock-based compensation expense during the year ended
December 31, 2006, were granted to Mr. Dilworth in his capacity as Chairman of
the Board of Directors. All other options granted, and stock-based compensation
expense recognized for Mr. Dilworth during the year ended December 31, 2006,
resulted from his activities as our Chief Executive Officer.
The recognized stock-based compensation expense listed as Option Awards for
Mr. Swain in the above Summary Compensation Table was derived from option awards
made on May 5, 2003, January 27, 2005 and January 26, 2006, in the amount of
40,000, 160,000 and 75,000 options, respectively, at exercise prices of $0.18,
$0.43 and $0.21, respectively.
All such options granted to Mr. Dilworth and Mr. Swain were immediately
exercisable upon their respective grant date and vest in thirty-three equal
monthly installments, beginning in the fourth month after their respective
grant date. Should either Mr. Dilworth's or Mr. Swain's service cease prior to
full vesting of the options, we have the right to repurchase any shares issued
upon exercise of options not vested.
Pursuant to his employment letter, Mr. Swain would be entitled to
three-months' severance of his then base salary in the event of a merger or
acquisition which lead to a change in the nature, reduction or elimination of
his duties, a reduction in his level of compensation, relocation of the
corporate office by more than 50 miles from its then current location or his
termination.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
---------------------------------------------------------------------
OUTSTANDING EQUITY AWARDS AT FISCAL YEAR-END
---------------------------------------------------------------------
OPTION AWARDS (1)
-------------------------- ------------------------------------------
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised Option Option
Options Exercise Expiration
Name Exercisable Price Date
-------------------------- -------------- -------- --------------
Robert Dilworth 100,000 (2) $ 0.25 03/04/12
Chief Executive Officer 40,000 (2) $ 0.18 05/04/13
300,000 (3) $ 0.34 11/14/14
200,000 (2) $ 0.43 01/26/15
125,000 (2) $ 0.21 01/25/16
-------------------------- -------------- -------- --------------
William Swain 40,000 (2) $ 0.18 05/04/13
Chief Financial Officer 380,000 (3) $ 0.34 11/14/14
160,000 (2) $ 0.43 01/26/15
75,000 (2) $ 0.21 01/25/16
-------------------------- -------------- -------- --------------
37
(1) As of December 31, 2006.
(2) All such options were immediately exercisable upon grant and vest in
thirty-three equal monthly installments, beginning in the fourth month
after their respective grant date. For Mr. Dilworth, the options
identified in this footnote were, or will be, fully vested on the
following dates: March 4, 2005, May 4, 2006, January 26, 2008 and
January 25, 2009, respectively. For Mr. Swain, the options identified
in this footnote were, or will be, fully vested on the following
dates: May 4, 2006, January 26, 2008 and January 25, 2009,
respectively. If Mr. Dilworth's or Mr. Swain's employment ceases prior
to full vesting of the options, we have the right to repurchase any
shares issued upon exercise of options not vested.
(3) Mr. Dilworth and Mr. Swain voluntarily surrendered, on May 14, 2004,
260,000 and 380,000 out-of-the-money options, respectively, in
conjunction with participation in a voluntary stock option exchange
program. New option grants equal to the number cancelled were made on
November 15, 2004. All such options were fully vested as of
November 14, 2005. On November 15, 2004, Mr. Dilworth was granted
40,000 options in his capacity as a director. These options will be
fully vested on November 14, 2007.
Compensation of Directors
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DIRECTOR COMPENSATION
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fees Earned
or Paid in Option All Other
Name Cash Awards (1) Compensation Total
------------------ -------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
August Klein $ 10,500 $ 34,403 $ 7,000 (2) $ 51,903
------------------ -------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Michael Volker 9,000 32,670 - 41,670
------------------ -------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
Gordon Watson 10,000 31,284 - 41,284
--------------------------------- ------------ ------------ ------------
(1) The amounts listed in the Option Awards column reflect the dollar amount
recognized for financial statement reporting purposes for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2006, in accordance with Statement of Financial
Accounting Standards No. 123R, "Share-Based Payments," ("FAS123R") and
include amounts from awards granted in and prior to 2006. Prior to our
adoption of FAS123R, on January 1, 2006, we used the intrinsic-value
method, as prescribed by Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No.
25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," and interpretations thereof,
(collectively, "APB 25"). We estimated the fair value of stock options at
their grant date by using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the
following weighted average assumptions for grants made prior to 2006 that
are included in the Summary Compensation Table: dividend yield of 0,
risk-free interest of 1.5% to 2.5%, expected volatility of 60% and an
expected life of 5 years. The assumptions used in the valuations of stock
options awarded in 2006, subsequent to our adoption of FAS123R, appear in
Footnote 15 to the Financial Statements, which begin on page F-1 of this
Prospectus
(2) Payment for consulting fees provided to our company.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, our non-employee directors were
eligible to be compensated at the rate of $1,000 for attendance at each meeting
of our board, $500 if their attendance was via telephone, $500 for attendance
at each meeting of a board committee, and a $1,500 quarterly retainer.
Additionally, non-employee directors are granted stock options periodically,
typically on a yearly basis.
The recognized stock-based compensation expense listed as Option Awards
for all three non-employee directors was derived from option awards made on
May 5, 2003, May 14, 2004, January 25, 2005 and January 26, 2006, at exercise
prices of $0.18, $0.56, $0.43 and $0.21 per share, respectively. On such dates,
Mr. Klein was granted 40,000, 62,500, 160,000 and 75,000 options, respectively;
Mr. Volker was granted 40,000, 50,000, 160,000 and 75,000 opti0ns, respectively;
and Mr. Watson was granted 40,000, 40,000, 160,000 and 75,000 options,
respectively. All such options granted to our non-employee directors were
immediately exercisable upon their respective grant date and vest in
thirty-three equal monthly installments, beginning in the fourth month after
their respective grant date. Should any non-employee director's service cease
prior to full vesting of the options, we have the right to repurchase any shares
issued upon exercise of options not vested.
38
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
During the year ended December 31, 2005, the Compensation Committee was
comprised of Robert Dilworth, our then Interim Chief Executive Officer and
Chairman of the Board, and August Klein, a non-employee director.
Certain Transactions
On January 29, 2004, we issued and sold to certain individuals and
entities in a private placement (the 2004 private placement) 5,000,000 shares of
common stock and five-year warrants to acquire 2,500,000 shares of common stock
at an exercise price of $0.33 per share. We derived net proceeds of
approximately $931,400 from the 2004 private placement. We also issued to
Griffin Securities Inc., as a placement agent fee in respect to the 2004 private
placement, warrants to acquire 500,000 shares of common stock at an exercise
price of $0.23 per share and warrants to acquire 250,000 shares of our common
stock at an exercise price of $0.33 per share.
Orin Hirschman purchased 3,043,478 shares of common stock and warrants to
acquire 1,521,739 shares of common stock in the 2004 private placement for
approximately $700,000 in cash (representing in the aggregate 9.9% of our
outstanding shares of common stock as of August 25, 2005). As a condition of the
sale, we entered into an Investment Advisory Agreement, expiring on January 29,
2007, with Mr. Hirschman, which provides for our payment of 5% of the value of
any business transaction that he introduces to us and which we accept.
On October 6, 2004, we entered into a letter of intent to acquire NES. We
contemporaneously loaned $350 thousand to Ralph Wesinger, NES' majority
shareholder, to fund his purchase of all the NES common stock then owned by
another person. We received Mr. Wesinger's 5-year promissory note, which bears
interest at a rate of 3.62% per annum and which was secured by his approximately
65% equity interest in NES, to evidence this loan. Mr. Wesinger also agreed that
we would receive 25% of the gross proceeds of any sale or transfer of these
shares, which shall be applied in reduction of the then outstanding balance of
his note. We have the option to accelerate the maturity date of this note upon
the occurrence of certain events.
On December 10, 2004 we entered into an agreement with AIGH Investment
Partners, LLC ("AIGH"), an affiliate of Orin Hirschman, a significant
stockholder of ours, to reimburse AIGH $665 thousand, as well as its legal fees
and expenses, relating to its successful efforts to settle certain third party
litigation against NES and certain of its affiliates.
On January 31, 2005, we completed our acquisition of NES in exchange for
9,599,993 shares of common stock, the assumption of approximately $235 thousand
of NES' indebtedness and the reimbursement to AIGH of $665 thousand for its
advance on our behalf of a like sum in December 2004 to settle certain third
party litigation against NES. This reimbursement was effected (as discussed
below) by a partial credit against the purchase price of our securities acquired
by Mr. Hirschman in the 2005 private placement. Of such 9,599,993 shares,
4,963,158 were issued to Mr. Wesinger, an aggregate 2,439,342 shares were issued
to NES' other shareholders and an aggregate 2,197,500 shares to two of NES'
remaining creditors. Immediately thereafter, 3,260,391 of the shares issued to
Mr. Wesinger were substituted for the NES shares that he had previously pledged
to us to secure repayment of his $350 thousand note. In accordance with the
terms of the acquisition, Mr. Wesinger became a non-executive employee of our
company upon consummation of the acquisition.
On February 2, 2005, we issued and sold to certain individuals and
entities in the 2005 private placement 148,148 shares of newly authorized Series
A preferred stock at a price of $27.00 per share and five-year warrants to
acquire 74,070 shares of newly authorized Series B preferred stock at an
exercise price of $40.00 per share. We derived net proceeds of approximately
$2.1 million from the 2005 private placement.
AIGH purchased 30,368 shares of Series A preferred stock and warrants to
acquire 15,184 shares of Series B preferred stock in the 2005 private placement
for an aggregate purchase price of $820 thousand. We repaid the $665 thousand we
owed AIGH by crediting its purchase price of our securities with a like sum. The
balance of the purchase price ($155 thousand) was paid in cash. As an inducement
to his participation in the 2005 private placement, we extended the expiration
date of Mr. Hirschman's Investment Advisory Agreement to January 29, 2008.
Pursuant to the agreement with AIGH as described above, we also paid Mr.
Hirschman's legal fees and expenses of approximately $108 thousand.
Pursuant to an agreement, dated December 16, 2003, with Griffin, placement
agent for our 2004 private placement, we issued Griffin five-year warrants to
purchase 14,815 shares of Series A preferred stock at an exercise price of
$27.00 per share and five-year warrants to purchase 7,407 shares of Series B
preferred stock at an exercise price of $40.00 per share as a finder's fee in
respect of our 2005 private placement. Additionally, pursuant to the agreement
39
dated December 16, 2003, we paid Griffin a $50 thousand agent fee in respect of
our 2005 private placement.
On March 29, 2005, our shareholders approved an amendment to our
certificate of incorporation increasing our authorized but unissued common stock
from 45,000,000 to 195,000,000 shares. Upon the effectiveness of the certificate
of amendment to our certificate of incorporation implementing this increase,
each share of Series A preferred stock will automatically convert into 100
shares of our common stock and each warrant will automatically convert into a
warrant to purchase that number of shares of common stock equal to the number of
shares of preferred stock subject to the warrant multiplied by 100. As a result,
upon the effectiveness of the certificate of amendment, all outstanding shares
of Series A Preferred Stock (148,148 shares) were converted into 14,814,800
shares of our common stock. In addition, upon the effectiveness of the
certificate of amendment, all outstanding warrants to purchase shares of Series
A preferred stock (14,815 shares) and Series B preferred stock (81,477 shares)
were converted into five-year warrants to purchase 1,481,500 shares of our
common stock at an exercise price of $0.27 per share and five-year warrants to
purchase 8,147,700 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.40 per
share, respectively.
40
Principal Stockholders
The following table sets forth certain information, as of December 6,
2006, with respect to the beneficial ownership of shares of our common stock
held by: (i) each director; (ii) each person known by us to beneficially own 5%
or more of our common stock; (iii) each executive officer named in the summary
compensation table; and (iv) all directors and executive officers as a group.
Unless otherwise indicated, the address for each stockholder is c/o GraphOn
Corporation, 5400 Soquel Avenue, Suite A2, Santa Cruz, California 95062.
Number of Shares
of Common Stock
Name and Address of Beneficially Percent of
Beneficial Owner Owned (1)(2) Class (%)
- ------------------------------ ---------------- ----------
Robert Dilworth (3) 818,820 1.7
William Swain (4) 678,000 1.4
August P. Klein (5) 520,760 1.1
Michael Volker (6) 393,200 *
Gordon Watson (7) 355,000 *
Orin Hirschman (8) 9,120,417 18.3
6006 Berkeley Avenue
Baltimore, MD 21209
Ralph Wesinger (9) 3,896,872 8.2
IDT Capital, Inc. (10) 5,555,500 11.4
520 Broad Street
Newark, NJ 07102
Globis Capital Partners (11) 3,821,278 7.9
60 Broad Street, 38th Floor
New York, NY 10004
All current executive officers
and directors as a group
(5 persons)(12) 2,765,780 5.6
- ---------------
* Denotes less than 1%.
(1) As used in this table, beneficial ownership means the sole or shared power
to vote, or direct the voting of, a security, or the sole or shared power
to invest or dispose, or direct the investment or disposition, of a
security. Except as otherwise indicated, based on information provided by
the named individuals, all persons named herein have sole voting power and
investment power with respect to their respective shares of our common
stock, except to the extent that authority is shared by spouses under
applicable law, and record and beneficial ownership with respect to their
respective shares of our common stock. With respect to each stockholder,
any shares issuable upon exercise of options and warrants held by such
stockholder that are currently exercisable or will become exercisable
within 60 days of December 6, 2006 are deemed outstanding for computing the
percentage of the person holding such options, but are not deemed
outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person.
(2) Percentage ownership of our common stock is based on 46,819,772 shares of
common stock outstanding as of December 6, 2006.
(3) Includes 765,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding options.
(4) Includes 655,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding options.
(5) Includes 370,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding options.
(6) Includes 335,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding options.
(7) Includes 355,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding options.
(8) Based on information contained in a Schedule 13D/A filed by Orin Hirschman
on February 17, 2005. Includes 3,040,139 shares of common stock issuable
upon the exercise of outstanding warrants. Mr. Hirschman is the managing
member of AIGH Investment Partners, LLC (AIGH) and has sole voting and
dispositive power with respect to 3,036,800 shares held by AIGH, which
shares are included in Mr. Hirschman's beneficial ownership total.
(9) Based on information contained in a Form 4 filed by Mr. Wesinger on
February 10, 2005 and supplemental information provided to us by Mr.
41
Wesinger. Includes 249,999 shares held in escrow pursuant to the terms of
an escrow agreement (the "NES Escrow Agreement") entered into in connection
with the acquisition by GraphOn of NES. For the duration of the escrow, Mr.
Wesinger has the right to vote, but not to dispose of, such shares.
Includes 666,665 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of
outstanding options.
(10) Based on information contained in a Schedule 13D filed by IDT Capital, Inc.
on February 15, 2005. Includes 1,851,800 shares of common stock issuable
upon the exercise of warrants. Howard S. Jonas exercises sole voting and
dispositive power with respect to the listed shares.
(11) Based on information contained in a Schedule 13G filed by Paul Packer on
February 10, 2004. Includes 587,791 shares held by Mr. Paul Packer and
370,400 shares held by Globis Overseas Fund Ltd. (Globis Overseas).
Includes 1,273,726 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of
warrants. Mr. Packer is the Managing Member of Globis Capital Partners
(Globis) and is the Managing Member of the general partner of the manager
of Globis Overseas. Mr. Packer exercises sole voting and dispositive power
with respect to the shares beneficially owned by Globis and Globis
Overseas.
(12) Includes 2,480,000 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of
outstanding options.
42
Selling Stockholders
This prospectus relates to our registration, for the account of the
selling stockholders indicated below, of an aggregate of 43,432,598 shares of
our common stock, including 12,849,200 and 1,250,000 shares underlying certain
of our warrants and options, respectively, pursuant to registration rights
granted by us to the selling stockholders. We have agreed to pay all expenses
and costs to comply with our obligation to register the selling stockholders'
shares of common stock. We have also agreed to indemnify and hold harmless the
selling stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages or liabilities,
joint or several, arising under the Securities Act of 1933.
The selling stockholders acquired our common stock and/or warrants in one
or more of the following transactions:
o On February 2, 2005, we issued in a private placement 148,148 shares of
Series A preferred stock and warrants to purchase 74,070 shares of
Series B preferred stock (the 2005 private placement). In connection
with the 2005 private placement, warrants to purchase 14,815 shares of
Series A preferred stock and 7,401 shares of Series B preferred stock
were issued to Griffin Securities, Inc. as a finder's fee. On March
29, 2005, the preferred stock and warrants to purchase preferred stock
were converted into an aggregate of 14,814,800 shares of common stock
and warrants to purchase 9,629,200 shares of common stock.
o On January 31, 2005, we acquired NES for 9,599,993 shares of common
stock and other consideration (the NES Acquisition). Of such shares,
1,999,999 shares were placed in escrow to settle any post-acquisition
contingencies pursuant to the terms of an escrow agreement (the NES
Escrow Agreement). As of August 1, 2006, 249,999 of such shares
remained in escrow and will be released on the later of February 1,
2007 or the expiration of the statute of limitations applicable to
certain tax matters as stated in the acquisition agreement.
o On January 29, 2004, we issued in a private placement 5,000,000 shares
of common stock and five-year warrants to purchase 2,500,000 shares of
common stock (the 2004 private placement). We also issued to Griffin
Securities, as a placement agent fee in respect to the 2004 private
placement, warrants to acquire 750,000 shares of common stock.
See Certain Transactions for further information concerning the 2004 private
placement, the 2005 private placement and the NES Acquisition.
On February 1, 2005, we issued employee stock options to purchase
1,000,000 shares of common stock to Ralph Wesinger. On February 16, 2005, we
issued employee stock options to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock to Gary
Green.
We believe that the persons named in this table have sole voting and
investment power with respect to all shares of common stock that they
beneficially own. The last column of this table assumes the sale of all of our
shares offered by this prospectus. The registration of the offered shares does
not mean that any or all of the selling stockholders will offer or sell any of
these shares. Except as set forth in the notes to this table, there is not nor
has there been a material relationship between us and any of the selling
stockholders within the past three years.
Common Stock
Number of Shares Offered by
Name of Selling Stockholder Beneficially Owned Selling Stockholder Number Percent
- ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ------------------- -------- -------
Ralph Wesinger (1) 4,230,207 (2) (3) 4,230,207 (2) (3) - -
Crystal Bay Capital, LLC (4) 1,847,262 1,847,262 - -
Steven Levy (5) 28,954 28,954 - -
Oso Partners (5) 20,629 (6) 20,629 (6) - -
43
Common Stock
Number of Shares Offered by
Name of Selling Stockholder Beneficially Owned Selling Stockholder Number Percent
- ---------------------------------------- ----------------------- ------------------- -------- -------
Forest R. and Judith A. Romas (5) 143,289 143,289 - -
Clark Reams (5) 5,919 5,919 - -
Neil Ison (5) 28,954 28,954 - -
William Sanders (5) 18,561 18,561 - -
Craig Sjoberg (5) 97,951 97,951 - -
Sierra Patent Group (7) 448,750 448,750 - -
Ken D'Alessandro 549,750 (8) 549,750 - -
Timothy Brisson (9) 314,875 (10) 314,875 (10) - -
Cardinal Law Group (11) 500,000 500,000 - -
Orin Hirschman 9,120,417 (12)(13) 4,565,217 (13) - -
AIGH Investment Partners, LLC (14) 4,555,200 (15) 4,555,200 (15) - -
Paul Packer 3,821,278 (16)(17) 881,687 (17) - -
Globis Capital Partners L.P. (18) 2,383,991 (19) 2,383,991 (19) - -
Globis Overseas Fund Ltd. (18) 555,600 (20) 555,600 (20) - -
Richard Grossman 603,887 (21) 603,887 (21) - -
James Kardon 178,299 (22) 178,299 (22) - -
Anthony Altamura 30,000 (23) 30,000 (23) - -
Hewlett Fund (24) 499,705 (25) 499,705 (25) - -
Hershel Berkowitz 1,311,561 (26) 1,311,561 (26) - -
Joshua A. Hirsch 324,757 (27) 324,757 (27) - -
IDT Capital, Inc. (28) 5,555,500 (29) 5,555,500 (29) - -
Dr. Jack Dodick 884,500 (30) 884,500 (30) - -
Spira Family Investment Partnership (31) 416,700 (32) 416,700 (32) - -
Fame Associates (33) 416,700 (34) 416,700 (34) - -
Cam Co (35) 1,388,800 (36) 1,388,800 (36) - -
Anfel Trading Limited (37) 1,944,300 (38) 1,944,300 (38) - -
Ganot Corporation (39) 833,400 (40) 833,400 (40) - -
Mazel D&K, Inc. (41) 1,111,000 (42) 1,111,000 (42) - -
F. Lyon Polk III 37,000 (43) 37,000 (43) - -
Paul Tramontano 111,000 (43) 111,000 (43) - -
SLAM Partners (44) 90,500 (45) 55,500 (45) 35,000 *
Griffin Securities, Inc. (46) 2,315,950 (47) 2,315,950 (47) - -
Friendly Capital LLC (46) 93,750 (48) 93,750 (48) - -
Robert U. Giannini (49) 130,625 (48) 130,625 (48) - -
Mark H. Zizzamia (49) 130,625 (48) 130,625 (48) - -
Thomas W. Muldowney (49) 140,625 (48) 140,625 (48) - -
Salvatore J. Saraceno (49) 130,625 (48) 130,625 (48) - -
Gary Green (50) 250,000 (51) 250,000 (51) - -
Kennedy Capital Management 1,000,000 1,000,000 - -
- ----------------------------------------
* Denotes less than 1%
44
(1) Prior to the NES Acquisition, Mr. Wesinger was a director, the president
and the majority shareholder of NES. In accordance with the terms of the
NES Acquisition agreement, Mr. Wesinger became a non-executive employee of
our company upon consummation of the NES Acquisition.
(2) Includes 249,999 shares held in escrow pursuant to the NES Escrow
Agreement. For the duration of the escrow, Mr. Wesinger has the right to
vote, but not to dispose of, such shares.
(3) Includes 1,000,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of
options. 83,333 of such shares vest on May 1, 2005 and the remainder vest
in a series of 33 successive equal monthly installments upon Mr. Wesinger's
completion of each additional month's service as our employee.
(4) Prior to the NES Acquisition, Crystal Bay Capital, LLC (CBC) was a
shareholder of NES. F. Michael Stone is the managing member of CBC and has
sole voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares held by CBC.
(5) Prior to the NES Acquisition, such person was a shareholder of NES.
(6) Scott Fine is the managing partner of Oso Partners. Mr. Fine exercises
sole voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares beneficially
owned by Oso Partners.
(7) Prior to the NES Acquisition, Sierra Patent Group was a creditor of NES.
Ken D'Alesandro is the managing director of the Sierra Patent Group and has
sole voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares.
(8) Includes 448,750 shares held by Sierra Patent Group.
(9) Mr. Brisson is one of our employees.
(10) Includes 75,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of
options. 2,273 of such shares vested on November 11, 2005 and the remainder
vest in a series of 32 successive equal monthly installments upon Mr.
Brisson's completion of each additional month's service as our employee.
(11) Prior to the NES Acquisition, Cardinal Law Group was a creditor of NES.
Frank Nicholas is president of the Cardinal Law Group and has sole voting
and dispositive power with respect to such shares.
(12) Includes 3,036,800 shares held by, and 1,518,400 shares issuable upon
exercise of warrants held by, AIGH Investment Partners, LLC.
(13) 1,521,739 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants held by
Orin Hirschman.
(14) Orin Hirschman is the managing member of AIGH Investment Partners, LLC and
has sole voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares.
(15) 1,518,400 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(16) Includes 1,589,361 shares held by, and 794,630 shares issuable upon
exercise of warrants held by, Globis Capital Partners L.P. and 370,400
shares held by, and 185,200 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants held
by, Globis Overseas Fund Ltd.
(17) 293,896 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants held by Paul
Packer.
(18) Paul Packer is the managing member of Globis Capital Partners (Globis
Capital) and is the managing member of the general partner of the manager
of Globis Overseas Fund, Ltd. (Globis Overseas). Mr. Packer exercises sole
voting and dispositive power with respect to the shares beneficially owned
by Globis Capital and Globis Overseas.
(19) 794,630 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(20) 185,200 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(21) 201,296 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(22) 59,399 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(23) 10,000 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(24) Jacob J. Spinner, the general partner of Hewlett Fund, exercises voting
and investment power over the shares held by this entity. Mr. Spinner
disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares, except to the extent of his
pecuniary interest therein. We have been informed by Hewlett Fund that it
purchased the shares being offered pursuant to this prospectus in the
ordinary course of business and, at the time of the purchase of such
shares, had no agreements or understandings, directly or indirectly, with
any person to distribute the shares.
(25) 247,496 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(26) 659,387 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
45
(27) 139,557 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(28) Howard Jonas exercises sole voting and dispositive power with respect to
such shares.
(29) 1,851,800 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(30) 294,800 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(31) Steven W. Spira exercises sole voting and dispositive power with respect
to such shares.
(32) 138,900 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(33) Abraham Fruchthandler, general partner of Fame Associates, exercises
sole voting and dispositive power with respect to such shares.
(34) 138,900 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(35) Charles Alpert exercises sole voting and dispositive power with respect
to such shares.
(36) 462,900 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(37) Tzvi Levy exercises sole voting and dispositive power with respect to
such shares.
(38) 648,100 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(39) Sisel Klurman exercises sole voting and dispositive power with respect
to such shares.
(40) 277,800 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(41) Reuven Dessler and Jack Koval exercise shared voting and dispositive
power with respect to such shares.
(42) 370,300 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(43) 37,000 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(44) Sam Katzman, general partner of SLAM Partners, exercises sole voting and
dispositive power with respect to such shares.
(45) 18,500 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(46) Adrian Stecyk, the Chief Executive Officer of Griffin Securities,
exercises voting and investment power over the shares held by this entity.
Mr. Stecyk disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares, except to the
extent of his pecuniary interest therein. Griffin Securities acted as
placement agent for our January 2004 private placement. Griffin Securities
received a finder's fee for the 2005 private placement.
(47) 834,450 of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(48) All of such shares are issuable upon exercise of warrants
(49) Messrs. Giannini, Zizzamia, Muldowney and Saraceno are managing directors
of Griffin Private Equity Group, a division of Griffin Securities. We have
been informed by Griffin Securities and Messrs. Giannini, Zizzamia,
Muldowney and Saraceno that they obtained the warrants (of which the
underlying shares are being offered pursuant to this prospectus) in the
ordinary course of business and, at the time they obtained such warrants,
had no agreements or understandings, directly or indirectly, with any
person to distribute the warrants or the shares underlying the warrants.
(50) Mr. Greene is one of our employees.
(51) Includes 250,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options.
7,576 of such shares vest on May 16, 2005 and the remainder vest in a
series of 32 successive equal monthly installments upon Mr. Greene's
completion of each additional month's service as our employee.
46
Plan Of Distribution
We are registering the shares on behalf of the selling stockholders, as
well as on behalf of their donees, pledgees, transferees or other
successors-in-interest, if any, who may sell shares received as gifts, pledges,
partnership distributions or other non-sale related transfers. All costs,
expenses and fees in connection with the registration of the shares offered
hereby will be borne by us. Brokerage commissions and similar selling expenses,
if any, attributable to the sale of the shares will be borne by the selling
stockholders.
Sales of the shares may be effected by the selling stockholders from time
to time in one or more types of transactions (which may include block
transactions) on any securities exchange, in the over-the-counter market, in
negotiated transactions, through put or call option transactions relating to the
shares, through short sales of shares, short sales versus the box, or a
combination of such methods of sale, at fixed prices, market prices prevailing
at the time of sale, prices related to market prices, varying prices determined
at the time of sale or at negotiated prices. Such transactions may or may not
involve brokers or dealers. The selling stockholders have advised us that they
have not entered into any agreements, understandings or arrangements with any
underwriters or broker-dealers regarding the sale of their securities, nor is
there an underwriter or coordinating broker acting in connection with the
proposed sale of the shares by the selling stockholders.
The selling stockholders may effect such transactions by selling the
shares directly to purchasers or to or through broker-dealers, which may act as
agents or principals. Such broker-dealers may receive compensation in the form
of discounts, concessions, or commissions from the selling stockholders and/or
the purchasers of the shares for whom such broker-dealers may act as agents or
to whom they sell as principal, or both (which compensation as to a particular
broker-dealer might be in excess of customary commissions). In effecting sales,
broker-dealers engaged by the selling stockholders may arrange for other
broker-dealers to participate.
The selling stockholders and any broker-dealers that act in connection
with the sale of the shares might be deemed to be "underwriters" within the
meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act of 1933, and any commissions
received by such broker-dealers and any profit on the resale of the shares sold
by them while acting as principals might be deemed to be underwriting discounts
or commissions under the Securities Act. The selling stockholders may agree to
indemnify any agent, dealer or broker-dealer that participates in transactions
involving sales of the shares against certain liabilities, including liabilities
arising under the Securities Act.
Because selling stockholders may be deemed to be "underwriters" within the
meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act, the selling stockholders will be
subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. We have
informed the selling stockholders that the anti-manipulative provisions of
Regulation M promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 may apply to
their sales in the market.
The selling stockholders also may resell all or a portion of the shares in
open market transactions in reliance upon Rule 144 under the Securities Act,
provided they meet the criteria and conform to the requirements of such Rule.
Sales of any shares of common stock by the selling stockholders may
depress the price of the common stock in any market that may develop for the
common stock.
If we are notified by a selling stockholder that any material arrangement
has been entered into with a broker-dealer for the sale of the shares through a
block trade, special offering, exchange distribution or secondary distribution
or a purchase by a broker or dealer, we will, if required, file a supplement to
this prospectus or a post-effective amendment to the registration statement of
which this prospectus is a part under the Securities Act, disclosing:
o the name of each such selling stockholder and of the participating
broker-dealer(s);
o the number of shares involved;
o the price at which such shares were sold;
o the commissions paid or discounts or concessions allowed to such
broker-dealer(s), where applicable;
o that such broker-dealer(s) did not conduct any investigation to verify
the information set out or incorporated by reference in this
prospectus; and
o other facts material to the transaction.
We will not receive any of the proceeds received by the selling
stockholders in connection with any of their sales of our common stock. However,
we will receive proceeds of up to $4,674,700 if all of the warrants that relate
47
to the common stock being offered by the selling stockholders are exercised. We
intend to use such proceeds, if any, for working capital and general corporate
purposes.
Description Of Our Securities
Common Stock
We are currently authorized to issue up to 195,000,000 shares of our
common stock, $0.0001 par value. As of December 6, 2006, 46,819,772 shares of
our common stock were issued and outstanding, and held of record by
approximately 182 persons. We estimate that there are in excess of 4,000
beneficial owners of our common stock.
Holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to such dividends as
may be declared from time to time by the board in its discretion, on a ratable
basis, out of funds legally available therefrom, and to a pro rata share of all
assets available for distribution upon liquidation, dissolution or other winding
up of our affairs. All of the outstanding shares of our common stock are fully
paid and non-assessable.
Warrants
The material terms of the warrants issued to the selling stockholders are
as follows:
o warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2,750,000 shares of our common
stock are exercisable at $0.33 per share and expire on January 29, 2009;
o warrants to purchase an aggregate of 470,000 shares of our common stock
are exercisable at $0.23 per share and expire on January 29, 2009;
o warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,481,500 shares of our common
stock are exercisable at $0.27 per share and expire on February 2, 2010;
o warrants to purchase an aggregate of 8,147,700 shares of our common
stock are exercisable at $0.40 per share and expire on February 2, 2010;
and
o The exercise price of the warrants is subject to adjustment upon the
occurrence of certain events, including the issuance of our common stock
at a price below the exercise price of the warrants or a split-up or
combination of our common stock and a reorganization or merger to which
we are a party.
Limitation of Liability
As permitted by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, our
restated certificate of incorporation provides that our directors shall not be
personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of
fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability:
o for any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to us or our
stockholders;
o for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional
misconduct or a knowing violation of law;
o under section 174 of the Delaware law, relating to unlawful payment of
dividends or unlawful stock purchases or redemption of stock; and
o for any transaction from which the director derives an improper personal
benefit.
As a result of this provision, we and our stockholders may be unable to
obtain monetary damages from a director for breach of his or her duty of care.
Our restated certificate of incorporation provides for the indemnification
of our directors and officers, and, to the extent authorized by our board in its
sole and absolute discretion, employees and agents, to the full extent
authorized by, and subject to the conditions set forth in the Delaware law.
Delaware Anti-Takeover Law
We are subject to the provisions of section 203 of the Delaware law.
Section 203 prohibits publicly held Delaware corporations from engaging in a
"business combination" with an "interested stockholder" for a period of three
years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested
stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner.
A "business combination" includes mergers, asset sales and other transactions
resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. Subject to
certain exceptions, an "interested stockholder" is a person who, together with
affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years did own, 15% or more of
the corporation's voting stock. These provisions could have the effect of
delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of us or reducing the
48
price that certain investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of
our common stock.
Transfer Agent
The transfer agent for our common stock is American Stock Transfer & Trust
Company, 59 Maiden Lane, New York, New York 10038.
Legal Matters
The validity of the shares of our common stock covered by this prospectus
has been passed upon by Sonnenschein Nath & Rosenthal LLP, 1221 Avenue of the
Americas, 24th Floor, New York, New York 10020.
Experts
The consolidated financial statements of GraphOn Corporation included in
this prospectus and in the registration statement have been audited by Macias
Gini & O'Connell LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, to the
extent and for the period set forth in their report appearing elsewhere in this
prospectus and in the registration statement, and is included in reliance upon
such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and
auditing.
Where Can You Find More Information
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement under the Securities
Act for the registration of the common stock offered by this prospectus.
Although this prospectus, which forms a part of the registration statement,
contains all material information included in the registration statement, parts
of the registration statement have been omitted as permitted by the rules and
regulations of the SEC. For further information with respect to our company and
the common stock offered hereby, you should refer to the registration statement.
We are subject to the informational reporting requirements of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and, under that Act, we file reports, proxy
statements and other information with the SEC. The registration statement, the
related exhibits and the reports, proxy statements and other information we file
with the SEC can be inspected and copied at prescribed rates at the SEC's Public
Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain
information regarding the Washington, D.C. Public Reference Room by calling the
SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. In addition, the registration statement, the related
exhibits and the reports, proxy statements and other information we file with
the SEC is publicly available through the SEC's site on the Internet, located
at: http://www.sec.gov.
49
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm F-1
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2005 and
September 30, 2006 (Unaudited) F-2
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
for the Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 and the
Nine-Months Ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 (Unaudited) F-3
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the
Years Ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 and the Nine-Months
Ended September 30, 2006 (Unaudited) F-4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended
December 31, 2005 and 2004 and the Nine-Months Ended
September 30, 2006 and 2005 (Unaudited) F-6
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies F-7
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-12
50
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of GraphOn Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of GraphOn
Corporation and subsidiary (the "Company") as of December 31, 2005 and the
related consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss,
shareholders' equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2005 and
2004. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company
Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan
and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the
financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes
consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for
designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not
for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's
internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such
opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well
as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present
fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of GraphOn
Corporation and subsidiary as of December 31, 2005, and the consolidated results
of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period
ended December 31, 2005 in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ Macias Gini & O'Connell LLP
Macias Gini & O'Connell LLP
Sacramento, California
April 17, 2006 (August 8, 2006 as to the second paragraph of Note 13)
F-1
GraphOn Corporation
Consolidated Balance Sheets
Assets
- ------ (Unaudited)
Current Assets December 31, 2005 September 30, 2006
- ----------------------------------------- ----------------- ------------------
Cash and cash equivalents $ 3,528,100 $ 3,049,400
Accounts receivable, net of allowance
for doubtful accounts of $46,800 and
$46,800, respectively 763,300 613,700
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 43,700 58,600
----------------- ------------------
Total Current Assets 4,335,100 3,721,700
----------------- ------------------
Property and equipment, net 94,800 117,200
Capitalized software, net 80,100 14,500
Patents, net 4,519,400 3,852,600
Other assets 7,300 4,700
----------------- ------------------
Total Assets $ 9,036,700 $ 7,710,700
================= ==================
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
- ------------------------------------
Current Liabilities
- -----------------------------------------
Accounts payable $ 145,800 $ 140,400
Accrued expenses 196,300 120,900
Accrued wages 484,700 328,100
Deferred revenue 1,014,600 1,134,200
----------------- ------------------
Total Current Liabilities 1,841,400 1,723,600
----------------- ------------------
Deferred revenue 777,400 1,301,400
----------------- ------------------
Total Liabilities 2,618,800 3,025,000
----------------- ------------------
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10) - -
Shareholders' Equity
- --------------------
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value,
5,000,000 shares authorized, no
shares issued and outstanding - -
Common stock, $0.0001 par value,
195,000,000 shares authorized,
46,167,047 and 46,819,772 shares
issued and outstanding, respectively 4,600 4,700
Additional paid-in capital 58,342,700 58,684,900
Deferred compensation (6,200) -
Note receivable - shareholder (260,100) (260,100)
Accumulated deficit (51,663,100) (53,743,800)
----------------- ------------------
Total Shareholders' Equity 6,417,900 4,685,700
----------------- ------------------
Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity $ 9,036,700 $ 7,710,700
================= ==================
See accompanying summary of significant accounting policies and notes to
consolidated financial statements
F-2
GraphOn Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss
Year Ended December 31, Nine Months Ended September 30,
-------------------------- -------------------------------
2005 2004 2006 2005
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Revenue (unaudited) (unaudited)
- -------
Product licenses $ 3,772,400 $ 2,395,200 $ 2,643,600 $ 2,666,900
Service fees 1,358,600 1,015,000 1,198,300 939,400
Other 49,200 119,600 57,300 26,300
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total Revenue 5,180,200 3,529,800 3,899,200 3,632,600
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Cost of Revenue
Product costs 207,900 572,100 88,600 156,800
Service costs 295,800 331,700 288,600 210,200
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total Cost of Revenue 503,700 903,800 377,200 367,000
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Gross Profit 4,676,500 2,626,000 3,522,000 3,265,600
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Operating Expenses
- ------------------
Selling and marketing 1,523,000 1,383,700 1,212,700 1,014,000
General and administrative 3,042,100 1,183,600 2,976,300 2,252,000
Research and development 1,277,600 1,500,900 1,440,400 969,900
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total Operating Expenses 5,842,700 4,068,200 5,629,400 4,235,900
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Loss From Operations (1,166,200) (1,442,200) (2,107,400) (970,300)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Other Income (Expense)
Interest and other income 41,700 14,700 33,600 30,000
Interest and other expense (4,500) - (2,200) (5,000)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Total Other Income, net 37,200 14,700 31,400 25,000
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Loss Before Provision for Income Tax (1,129,000) (1,427,500) (2,076,000) (945,300)
Provision for income tax 18,200 - 5,500 -
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Net Loss (1,147,200) (1,427,500) (2,081,500) (945,300)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Other Comprehensive Income
Foreign currency translation adjustment - 1,000 800 -
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Comprehensive Loss (1,147,200) (1,426,500) (2,080,700) (945,300)
Deemed dividends on preferred stock (4,000,000) - - (4,000,000)
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
Loss Attributable to Common Shareholders $ (5,147,200) $ (1,426,500) $ (2,080,700) $ (4,945,300)
============ ============ ============ ============
Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share $ (0.12) $ (0.07) $ (0.04) $ (0.12)
============ ============ ============ ============
Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding 41,833,535 21,307,966 46,362,764 40,373,157
============ ============ ============ ============
See accompanying summary of significant accounting policies
and notes to consolidated financial statements
F-3
GraphOn Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity
Year Ended December 31, Nine Months Ended
----------------------------- September 30, 2006
2005 2004 (Unaudited)
------------- ------------- ------------------
Preferred stock - shares outstanding
- ------------------------------------
Beginning balance - - -
Private placement of stock and warrants 148,148 - -
Conversion of preferred to common (148,148) - -
------------- ------------- ------------------
Ending balance - - -
============= ============= ==================
Common stock - shares outstanding
- ---------------------------------
Beginning balance 21,716,765 16,618,459 46,167,047
Private placement of common stock - 5,000,000 -
Conversion of preferred stock to common stock 14,814,800 - -
Issuance of stock for NES acquisition 9,599,993 - -
Issuance of restricted stock - - 600,000
Employee stock purchase plan issuances 35,489 37,638 52,725
Exercise of warrants and other - 60,668 -
------------- ------------- ------------------
Ending balance 46,167,047 21,716,765 46,819,772
============= ============= ==================
Common stock amount
- -------------------
Beginning balance $ 2,200 $ 1,700 $ 4,600
Conversion of preferred stock to common 1,500 - -
Issuance of stock for NES acquisition 900 - -
Issuance of restricted stock - - 100
Private placement of stock - 500 -
------------- ------------- ------------------
Ending balance $ 4,600 $ 2,200 $ 4,700
============= ============= ==================
Additional paid-in capital
- --------------------------
Beginning balance $ 46,930,700 $ 45,985,300 $ 58,342,700
Private placement proceeds - stock and warrants 4,000,000 1,149,500 -
Private placement costs - stock and warrants (525,300) (218,600) -
Deemed dividend - preferred shareholders 3,136,000 - -
Accreted dividend - preferred shareholders 864,000 - -
Agency fees - Agent's warrants (251,400) - -
Non-cash contribution - Agent's warrants 251,400 - -
Conversion of preferred stock to common (1,500) - -
Issuance of stock for NES acquisition 3,915,900 - -
Stock-based compensation expense 8,900 - 341,000
Employee stock purchase plan issuances and other 14,000 14,500 1,200
------------- ------------- ------------------
Ending balance $ 58,342,700 $ 46,930,700 $ 58,684,900
============= ============= ==================
Deferred compensation
- ---------------------
Beginning balance $ - $ - $ (6,200)
Stock-based compensation expense (deferral) (6,200) - 6,200
------------- ------------- ------------------
Ending balance $ (6,200) $ - $ -
============= ============= ==================
F-4
Notes receivable
- ----------------
Beginning balance $ (50,300) $ (50,300) $ (260,100)
Note payments - directors 50,300 - -
Reclassification of note receivable from
related party to shareholder (350,000) - -
Note payments - shareholder 89,900 - -
------------- ------------- ------------------
Ending balance $ (260,100) $ (50,300) $ (260,100)
============= ============= ==================
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
- ---------------------------------------------
Beginning balance $ (400) $ (1,400) $ -
Foreign currency translation and other 400 1,000 -
------------- ------------- ------------------
Ending balance $ - $ (400) $ -
============= ============= ==================
Accumulated deficit
- -------------------
Beginning balance $ (46,515,900) $ (45,088,400) $ (51,663,100)
Deemed dividend - beneficial conversion feature (3,136,000) - -
Accreted dividend - discount on private placement (864,000) - -
Net loss (1,147,200) (1,427,500) (2,080,700)
-------------- ------------- ------------------
Ending balance $ (51,663,100) $ (46,515,900) $ (53,743,800)
============= ============= ==================
Total shareholders' equity $ 6,417,900 $ 366,300 $ 4,685,700
============= ============= ==================
See accompanying summary of significant accounting policies and notes to
consolidated financial statements
F-5
GraphOn Corporation
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
------------------------------
Year Ended December 31, Nine Months Ended September 30,
------------------------------ ------------------------------
2005 2004 2006 2005
Cash Flows From Operating Activities: -------------- --------------- --------------- --------------
Net Loss $ (1,147,200) $ (1,427,500) $ (2,081,500) $ (945,300)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization 1,065,800 664,700 768,700 777,300
Stock-based compensation expense 2,700 - 347,100 2,000
Provision for doubtful accounts - - - 15,200
Proceeds from notes receivable directors 50,300 - - 50,300
Other 4,000 (1,400) (7,100) (1,800)
Proceeds from note receivable shareholder 89,900 - - -
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable (244,400) 2,200 149,600 44,500
Prepaid expenses and other assets (19,600) (1,000) (14,900) 13,800
Accounts payable 51,300 18,400 18,400 12,100
Accrued expenses (5,800) 3,300 (41,200) (38,600)
Accrued wages 224,600 (46,100) (156,600) 67,300
Deferred revenue 675,600 (75,600) 643,600 269,800
-------------- --------------- --------------- --------------
Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities: 747,200 (863,000) (373,900) 266,600
-------------- --------------- --------------- --------------
Cash Flows Used In Investing Activities:
Acquisition costs NES (699,000) - - (697,500)
Deferred acquisition costs - (59,200) - -
Note receivable - related party - (350,000) - -
Capital expenditures (70,600) (33,400) (58,700) (55,500)
Other assets (2,500) 7,100 2,600 (4,600)
-------------- --------------- --------------- --------------
Net Cash Used In Investing Activities: (772,100) (435,500) (56,100) (757,600)
-------------- --------------- --------------- --------------
Cash Flows Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities:
Proceeds from sale of common stock under ESPP 10,000 9,000 8,500 10,000
Proceeds from exercise of warrants - 6,900 - -
Proceeds from private placement of preferred stock and
warrants 3,335,000 1,150,000 - 3,335,000
Costs of private placement of preferred stock and warrants (467,300) (218,600) (58,000) (402,000)
-------------- --------------- --------------- --------------
Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities: 2,877,700 947,300 (49,500) 2,943,000
-------------- --------------- --------------- --------------
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and
cash equivalents - 1,000 800 (1,400)
-------------- --------------- --------------- --------------
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents 2,852,800 (350,200) (478,700) 2,450,600
Cash and Cash Equivalents, beginning of period 675,300 1,025,500 3,528,100 675,300
-------------- --------------- --------------- --------------
Cash and Cash Equivalents, end of period $ 3,528,100 $ 675,300 $ 3,049,400 $ 3,125,900
============== =============== =============== ==============
See accompanying summary of significant accounting policies and notes to
consolidated financial statements
F-6
GraphOn Corporation
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (information as of September 30, 2006
and for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 is unaudited)
The Company. GraphOn Corporation (the "Company") was founded in May 1996 and is
incorporated in the state of Delaware. The Company's headquarters are currently
in Santa Cruz, California. The Company develops, markets, sells and supports
business connectivity software, including Unix, Linux and Windows server-based
software, with an immediate focus on web-enabling applications for use by
Independent Software Vendors (ISVs), Application Service Providers (ASPs),
corporate enterprises, governmental and educational institutions, and others,
primarily in the United States, Asia and Europe.
Basis of Presentation and Use of Estimates. The consolidated financial
statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries
(collectively, the "Company"), significant intercompany accounts and
transactions are eliminated upon consolidation. In the Company's opinion, the
consolidated financial statements presented herein include all necessary
adjustments, consisting of only normal recurring adjustments to fairly state the
Company's financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the
periods indicated. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of
assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and
expenses during the reporting period. These estimates include the allowance for
doubtful accounts, the estimated lives of intangible assets, depreciation of
fixed assets and accrued liabilities, among others. Actual results could differ
materially from those estimates.
Cash and Cash Equivalents. The Company considers all highly liquid investments
purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash
equivalents.
Property and Equipment. Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation
is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of
the respective assets, generally three to seven years. Amortization of leasehold
improvements is calculated using the straight-line method over the lesser of the
lease term or useful lives of the respective assets, generally seven years.
Shipping and Handling. Shipping and handling costs are included in cost of
revenue for all periods presented.
Purchased Technology. Purchased technology is amortized on a straight-line basis
over the expected life of the related technology or five years, whichever is
less.
Patents. The patents acquired in the NES acquisition are being amortized over
their estimated remaining economic lives, currently estimated to be
approximately 5 years, as of December 31, 2005. Costs associated with filing,
documenting or writing patents are expensed as incurred.
Capitalized Software Costs. Under the criteria set forth in SFAS No. 86,
"Accounting for the Cost of Computer Software to be Sold, Leased or Otherwise
Marketed," development costs incurred in the research and development of new
software products are expensed as incurred until technological feasibility, in
the form of a working model, has been established, at which time such costs are
capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers.
Capitalized costs are amortized to cost of sales based on either estimated
current and future revenue for each product or straight-line amortization over
the shorter of three years or the remaining estimated life of the product,
whichever produces the higher expense for the period.
Impairment of Intangible Assets. Impairment tests on intangible assets are
performed on an annual basis and between annual tests in certain circumstances.
In response to changes in industry and market conditions, the Company may
strategically realign resources and consider restructuring, disposing of, or
otherwise exiting businesses, which could result in an impairment of intangible
assets.
Revenue. The Company markets and licenses products through various means, such
as; channel distributors, independent software vendors ("ISVs"), value-added
resellers ("VARs"), application service providers ("ASPs") (collectively
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"resellers") and direct sales to enterprise end users. The Company's product
licenses are generally perpetual. The Company also separately sells maintenance
contracts, which are comprised of license updates and customer service access,
private-label branding kits, software developer kits ("SDKs") and product
training services.
Generally, software license revenues are recognized when:
o Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (i.e., when the
Company signs a non-cancelable license agreement wherein the customer
acknowledges an unconditional obligation to pay, or upon receipt of
the customer's purchase order) and
o Delivery has occurred or services have been rendered and there are no
uncertainties surrounding product acceptance, (i.e., when title and
risk of loss have been transferred to the customer, which generally
occurs when the media containing the licensed programs is provided to
a common carrier or, in the case of electronic delivery, when the
customer is given access to the licensed programs) and
o The price to the customer is fixed or determinable, as typically
evidenced in the signed non-cancelable contract, or the customer's
purchase order, and
o Collectibility is probable. If collectibility is not considered
probable, revenue is recognized when the fee is collected.
Revenue recognized on software arrangements involving multiple elements is
allocated to each element of the arrangement based on vendor-specific objective
evidence ("VSOE") of the fair values of the elements; such elements include
licenses for software products, maintenance, consulting services or customer
training. The Company limits its assessment of VSOE for each element to either
the price charged when the same element is sold separately or the price
established by management having the relevant authority to do so, for an element
not yet sold separately.
If sufficient VSOE of fair values does not exist so as to permit the allocation
of revenue to the various elements of the arrangement, all revenue from the
arrangement is deferred until such evidence exists or until all elements are
delivered. If evidence of VSOE of all undelivered elements exists but evidence
does not exist for one or more delivered elements, then revenue is recognized
using the residual method. Under the residual method, the fair value of the
undelivered elements is deferred and the remaining portion of the arrangement
fee is recognized as revenue.
Certain ISV, VAR or ASP customers (who the Company refers to as "resellers")
prepay for licenses they intend to resell. Upon receipt of the prepayment, if
all other revenue recognition criteria outlined above have been met, the Company
recognizes licensing revenue when the reseller is given access to the licensed
program(s). The resellers are generally required to provide periodic (monthly or
quarterly) sell-through reports that detail, for the respective period, various
items, such as the number of licenses purchased, the number sold to other
parties and the ending balance of licenses they hold as inventory available for
future sale. The recognition of maintenance revenue for these resellers is based
on estimated reseller inventory turnover levels reconciled to actual upon
receipt of the sell-through report.
There are no rights of return granted to resellers or other purchasers of our
software programs.
The Company recognizes revenue from maintenance contracts ratably over the
related contract period, which generally ranges from one to five years.
Segment information. The Company operates in one business segment.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on
assessments of the collectibility of specific customer accounts and the aging of
the accounts receivable. If there is a deterioration of a major customer's
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credit worthiness or actual defaults are higher than historical experience, the
allowance for doubtful accounts is increased.
Income Taxes. Under SFAS No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes," deferred income
taxes are recognized for the tax consequences of temporary differences between
the financial statement and income tax bases of assets, liabilities and
carryforwards using enacted tax rates. Valuation allowances are established,
when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be
realized. Realization is dependent upon future pre-tax earnings, the reversal of
temporary differences between book and tax income, and the expected tax rates in
effect in future periods.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments. The Company used the following methods and
assumptions in estimating the fair value disclosures for financial instruments:
Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amount reported on the balance sheet
for cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value.
Notes receivable: The carrying amount reported on the balance sheet for the
note receivable - shareholder reflects the current principal balance
remaining to be repaid to the Company. The estimated fair value is based on
the Company's estimates of interest rates on similar instruments.
Long-Lived Assets. Long-lived assets are assessed for possible impairment
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts
may not be recoverable, or whenever the Company has committed to a plan to
dispose of the assets. Measurement of the impairment loss is based on the fair
value of the assets. Generally, the Company determines fair value based on
appraisals, current market value, comparable sales value, and undiscounted
future cash flows as appropriate. Assets to be held and used affected by such
impairment loss are depreciated or amortized at their new carrying amount over
the remaining estimated life; assets to be sold or otherwise disposed of are not
subject to further depreciation or amortization.
Loss Contingencies. The Company is subject to the possibility of various loss
contingencies arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company considers
the likelihood of the loss or impairment of an asset or the incurrence of a
liability as well as its ability to reasonably estimate the amount of loss in
determining loss contingencies. An estimated loss contingency is accrued when it
is probable that a liability has been incurred or an asset has been impaired and
the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Company regularly
evaluates current information available to it to determine whether such accruals
should be adjusted.
Stock-Based Incentive Programs. The Company accounts for its stock-based
incentive programs using the intrinsic value method, as prescribed by Accounting
Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to
Employees" and interpretations thereof (collectively APB 25). Accordingly, the
Company records deferred compensation expense costs related to its employee
stock options when the market price of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise
price of each option on the date of grant. The Company records and measures
deferred compensation for stock options granted to non-employees, other than
members of the board, at their fair value. Deferred compensation is expensed on
a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the related stock option for
options issued to employees. Deferred compensation is expensed on a
straight-line basis over the shorter of the vesting period of the related stock
option or the contractual period of service for option grants to non-employees.
The Company did not grant any stock options at exercise prices below the fair
market value of the Company's common stock on the grant date during the years
ended December 31, 2005 and 2004.
As of December 31, 2005, the Company's deferred compensation balance was $6,200.
The accompanying statements of operations reflect stock-based compensation
expense of $2,700 and $0 for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004,
respectively.
An alternative to the intrinsic value method of accounting for stock-based
compensation is the fair value approach prescribed by SFAS No. 123, "Accounting
for Stock-Based Compensation" as amended by SFAS 148 (hereinafter collectively
referred to as SFAS 123). If the Company followed the fair value approach, the
Company would be required to record deferred compensation based on the fair
F-9
value of the stock option at the date of grant. The fair value of the stock
option must be computed using an option-pricing model, such as the Black-Scholes
option valuation method, at the date of grant. The deferred compensation
calculated under the fair value method would then be amortized over the
respective vesting period of the stock option. See New Accounting
Pronouncements.
SFAS 123 requires the Company to provide pro forma information regarding net
income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share as if compensation cost for the
stock option plan had been determined in accordance with the fair value-based
method prescribed in SFAS 123 throughout the year. The Company estimated the
fair value of stock options at the grant date by using the Black-Scholes option
pricing-model with the following weighted average assumptions used for grants in
both 2005 and 2004: dividend yield of 0; expected volatility of 60%; risk-free
interest rate of 1.5% and expected lives (approximately) of five years, for all
plan options.
Under SFAS 123, the Company's net loss and the basic and diluted net loss per
common share would have been adjusted to the pro forma amounts below.
For the Year Ended December 31,
2005 2004
------------- -------------
Net loss as reported $ (1,147,200) $ (1,427,500)
Add: stock-based employee compensation expense
included in reported net loss, net of related tax
effects: - -
Deduct: deemed dividends on preferred stock (4,000,000) -
Deduct: total stock-based compensation determined
under the fair value-based method for all accounts,
net of related tax effects (425,000) (191,700)
------------- -------------
Pro forma loss $ (5,572,200) $ (1,619,200)
============= =============
Basic and diluted loss per share
As reported $ (0.12) $ (0.07)
Pro forma $ (0.13) $ (0.08)
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock. SFAS No. 128, "Earnings Per Share," provides
for the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per
share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing income available to
common shareholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding
for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of
securities by adding other common stock equivalents, including common stock
options, warrants and redeemable convertible preferred stock, in the weighted
average number of common shares outstanding for a period, if dilutive.
Potentially dilutive securities are excluded from the computation if their
effect is antidilutive. For the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004,
19,022,157 and 6,641,957 shares, respectively, of common stock equivalents were
excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share since their effect
would be antidilutive.
Comprehensive Income. SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income,"
establishes standards for reporting comprehensive income and its components in a
financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other
financial statements. Comprehensive income, as defined, includes all changes in
equity (net assets) during the period from non-owner sources. Examples of items
to be included in comprehensive income, which are excluded from net income,
include foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gain/loss of
available-for-sale securities. The individual components of comprehensive income
(loss) are reflected in the statements of shareholders' equity. As of December
31, 2005 and 2004 accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) was comprised of
foreign currency translation gains and the cumulative change in the market value
of the available-for-sale securities.
New Accounting Pronouncements. In May 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards
Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 154, "Accounting Changes and Error Corrections -
F-10
replacement of APB Opinion No. 20 and FASB Statement No. 3." SFAS No. 154
changes the accounting for and the reporting of a change in accounting principle
by requiring retrospective application to prior periods' financial statements of
changes in accounting principle unless impracticable. SFAS No. 154 is effective
for accounting changes made in fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2005.
The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 154 to have a material
impact on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123R, "Share-Based Payment," which
requires companies to expense the value of employee stock options and similar
awards. As of the effective date, the Company will be required to expense all
awards granted, modified, cancelled or repurchased as well as the portion of
prior awards for which requisite service has not yet been rendered, based on the
grant-date fair value of those awards as calculated for pro forma disclosures
under SFAS No. 123 "Stock-Based Compensation." The Company will apply SFAS No.
123R using a modified version of prospective application.
Under this method, compensation cost is recognized on or after the required
effective date for the portion of outstanding awards for which the requisite
service has not yet been rendered, based on the grant-date fair value of those
awards calculated under SFAS No. 123R for either recognition or pro forma
disclosures. The Company adopted SFAS No. 123R as of January 1, 2006. The
Company expects the adoption SFAS No. 123R will have a material impact on its
statement of operations. Compensation expense associated with stock options and
similar awards will now be recorded in the statement of operations, instead of
being reported within the footnote disclosures to the financial statements. The
Company expects such recorded future compensation expense, as calculated under
SFAS No. 123R, to approximate amounts that have historically been disclosed
within the footnotes to prior years' financial statements.
New Accounting Pronouncements (unaudited). In September 2006, the staff of the
Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108
("SAB 108") which provides interpretive guidance on how the effects of the
carryover or reversal of prior year misstatements should be considered in
quantifying a current year misstatement. SAB 108 becomes effective in the first
fiscal year ending after November 15, 2006. We are assessing the impact of SAB
108, but do not expect it to have a material impact on our results of
operations, cash flows or financial position.
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, "Employer's Accounting for
Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans" ("SFAS 158") which
improves financial reporting by requiring an employer to recognize the
overfunded or underfunded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan (other
than a multiemployer plan) as an asset or liability in its balance sheet and to
recognize changes in that funded status in the year in which the changes occur
through comprehensive income of a business entity or changes in unrestricted net
assets of a not-for-profit organization. This statement also improves financial
reporting by requiring an employer to measure the funded status of a plan as of
the date of its year-end balance sheet, with limited exceptions. An employer
with publicly traded equity securities is required to initially recognize the
funded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan and to provide the
required disclosures as of the end of the fiscal year ended after December 15,
2006. We are assessing the impact of SFAS 158, but do not expect it to have a
material impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial position.
In September 2006, FASB issued SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements" ("SFAS
157") which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value
in generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair
value measurements. SFAS 157 applies under other accounting pronouncements that
require or permit fair value measurements, FASB having previously concluded in
those accounting pronouncements that fair value is the relevant measurement
attribute. Accordingly, SFAS 157 does not require any new fair value
measurements, however, for some entities; application of SFAS 157 will change
current practice. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for the
first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007 and interim periods within
those fiscal years. WE are assessing the impact of SFAS 157, but do not expect
it to have a material impact on our results of operations, cash flows or
financial position.
In July 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, "Accounting for
Uncertainties in Income Taxes - An Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109"
(FIN 48). FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute
for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or
expected to be taken in a tax return. In addition, it provides guidance on the
F-11
measurement, derecognition, classification and disclosure of tax positions, as
well as the accounting for related interest and penalties. FIN 48 is effective
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is assessing FIN
48 and has not determined the impact that the adoption of FIN 48 will have on
its results of operations, cash flows and financial position.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (information as of September 30, 2006
and for the nine-months ended September 30, 2006 and 2005 is unaudited)
1. Patents (Network Engineering Software Acquisition)
On January 31, 2005, the Company acquired all of the outstanding common stock of
Network Engineering Software ("NES") in exchange for 9,599,993 shares of the
Company's common stock, valued at $3,916,800, and approximately $897,800 in cash
payments to settle various claims against NES prior to the acquisition.
Approximately $665,000 of the $897,800 cash payments was made in December 2004
by AIGH Investment Partners, LLC ("AIGH"), an affiliate of a principal
stockholder (Orin Hirschman), to settle, on the Company's behalf, certain third
party litigation against NES. The Company reimbursed this amount through a
partial credit against the price of its securities acquired by AIGH in the 2005
private placement (See Note 2).
The Company incurred $525,800 of transaction costs, resulting in a purchase
price of $5,340,400. The acquisition was accounted for as a business
combination, in accordance with SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations."
Accordingly, the assets acquired (primarily consisting of patents, patent
applications, and in-process patent applications) have been recorded at their
estimated fair value. The results of operations of NES are included in the
Company's statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2005.
In connection with the acquisition, the Company recorded a deferred tax
liability of $2,151,200, resulting from a difference between the tax basis and
financial statement basis of the assets acquired. Furthermore, the Company has
recorded a corresponding $2,151,200 reduction in its valuation allowance on its
deferred tax assets as of March 31, 2005 to reflect management's estimate that
it is more likely than not that the Company will realize the tax benefits from
utilization of certain of its tax net operating loss carryforwards from future
reversals of the taxable temporary differences arising from the NES acquisition.
These amounts have been netted together on the Company's consolidated balance
sheet.
The estimated cost of the patent related assets is being amortized over its
estimated remaining five year life, as of December 31, 2005, using the
straight-line method. For the year ended December 31, 2005, approximately
$821,000 of amortization was charged against the cost of the patent related
assets. No such amortization was charged in the prior year. The Company
anticipates charging approximately $889,000 of amortization against the cost of
the patent related assets in each of the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007,
2008, 2009 and 2010 and approximately $74,000 in the year ended December 31,
2011.
As of December 31, 2004, prior to the consummation of the acquisition, the
Company had deferred approximately $269,700 of the acquisition costs. These
deferred acquisition costs are included in the transaction costs above.
The following unaudited pro forma information presents the consolidated results
of the Company as if the NES acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the
respective periods. The pro forma information is not necessarily indicative of
what would have occurred had the acquisition been made as of such period, nor is
it indicative of future results of operations. The pro forma amounts give effect
to appropriate adjustments for the fair value of the patents, amortization and
income taxes.
Year Ended December 31,
2005 2004
----------- -----------
Revenue $ 5,180,200 $ 3,529,800
Net loss (1,253,300) (2,990,500)
Net loss attributable to common shareholders (5,253,300) (6,990,500)
Loss per common share - basic and diluted $ (0.11) $ (0.15)
The allocation of the purchase price to the identifiable intangible assets
acquired and liabilities assumed was as follows:
F-12
Fair value of stock issued $ 3,916,800
Fair value of liabilities settled with cash 897,800
Transaction costs settled with cash 525,800
--------------
Purchase price of patent related assets $ 5,340,400
==============
The fair value of the stock issued was based upon the issuance of 9,599,993
shares of the Company's common stock at approximately $0.408 per share. The fair
value of the liabilities settled with cash includes the $665,000 cash payments
made by AIGH, as previously discussed.
2. Deemed Dividends on Preferred Stock
On February 2, 2005, the Company completed the 2005 Private Placement, which
raised a total of $4,000,000 (inclusive of the $665,000 credit issued to AIGH;
See Note 1) through the sale of 148,148 shares of Series A preferred stock and
five-year warrants to purchase 74,070 shares of Series B preferred stock.
The deemed fair value of the Series A preferred stock was estimated based on the
market price and underlying number of common shares they would have converted
into had the conversion occurred immediately upon their issuance. The market
price for the Company's common stock on the commitment date of the 2005 private
placement was $0.46 and the Series A preferred stock would have converted into
14,814,800 common shares, thus deriving an estimated fair value of approximately
$6,814,800 at that date.
The fair value of the warrants was estimated to be $1,877,700 and was calculated
using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted average
assumptions: a risk free interest rate of 1.5%, a volatility factor of 60%, a
dividend yield of 0% and a five year contractual life.
Based on the relative fair values of the Preferred Shares and the warrants at
the time of their issuance, the Company allocated $3,136,000 of the $4,000,000
proceeds of the 2005 Private Placement to the Preferred Shares and $864,000 to
the warrants.
The Preferred Shares issued by the Company contained a non-detachable conversion
feature (the "Beneficial Conversion Feature") that was in-the-money upon
completion of the 2005 Private Placement, in that the deemed fair value of
Common Stock into which the Preferred Shares could be converted exceeded the
allocated value of $3,136,000 by $3,678,800 (using the intrinsic value method).
This discount resulting from recording the Beneficial Conversion Feature was
limited to the allocated proceeds of $3,136,000 and was recognized as if this
amount had been declared a non-cash dividend to the preferred shareholders when
the preferred stock converted to common stock.
Additionally, the approximate $864,000 discount resulting from the allocation of
the proceeds of the 2005 Private Placement on a relative fair value basis to the
Series A preferred shares and the warrants issued in the 2005 Private Placement
was also recognized as if this amount had been declared a non-cash dividend to
the preferred shareholders when the preferred stock converted to common stock.
On March 29, 2005, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the
Company's certificate of incorporation increasing its authorized but unissued
common stock from 45,000,000 to 195,000,000 shares. Upon the effectiveness of
the certificate of amendment to the Company's certificate of incorporation
implementing this increase, each share of Series A preferred stock was
automatically converted into 100 shares of common stock and each warrant was
automatically converted into a warrant to purchase that number of shares of
common stock equal to the number of shares of preferred stock subject to the
warrant multiplied by 100. As a result, all outstanding shares of Series A
Preferred Stock (148,148 shares) were converted into 14,814,800 shares of common
stock. In addition, upon the effectiveness of the certificate of amendment, all
outstanding warrants to purchase shares of Series A preferred stock (14,815
shares) and Series B preferred stock (81,477 shares) were converted into
five-year warrants to purchase 1,481,500 shares of common stock at an exercise
price of $0.27 per share and five-year warrants to purchase 8,147,700 shares of
common stock at an exercise price of $0.40 per share, respectively.
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3. Property and Equipment.
Property and equipment consisted of the following:
December 31, 2005
-----------------
Equipment $ 940,300
Furniture & fixtures 252,200
Leasehold improvements 48,400
-----------------
1,240,900
Less: accumulated depreciation and
amortization 1,146,100
-----------------
$ 94,800
=================
4. Capitalized Software.
Capitalized software consisted of the following:
December 31, 2005
-----------------
Capitalized software development costs $ 719,500
Less: accumulated amortization 639,400
-----------------
$ 80,100
=================
5. Note Receivable - Shareholder.
On October 6, 2004, the Company entered into a letter of intent to acquire NES
(see Note 1). The Company contemporaneously loaned $350,000 to Ralph Wesinger,
NES' majority shareholder, to fund his purchase of all the NES common stock then
owned by another person. The Company received Mr. Wesinger's 5-year promissory
note, which bears interest at a rate of 3.62% per annum and which was secured by
his approximately 65% equity interest in NES, to evidence this loan. Mr.
Wesinger also agreed that the Company would receive 25% of the gross proceeds of
any sale or transfer of any of Mr. Wesinger's NES shares, which shall be applied
in reduction of the then outstanding balance of his note, until the note is paid
in full or becomes due, whichever occurs first. The Company has the option to
accelerate the maturity date of this note upon the occurrence of certain events.
Upon completion of the Company's acquisition of NES (see Note 1), the 52,039
shares of NES common stock collateralizing the note receivable were replaced by
4,830,207 shares of the Company's common stock. As of December 31, 2005,
1,500,000 of such shares had been sold; resulting in payments to the Company of
approximately $89,900 and $15,600, principal and interest, respectively, and
3,330,207 shares collateralized the note.
6. Accrued Liabilities.
Accrued liabilities consisted of the following:
December 31, 2005
-----------------
Professional fees $ 125,800
2005 private placement fees 34,200
Provision for taxes 18,200
Other 18,100
-----------------
$ 196,300
=================
7. Stockholders' Equity.
Common Stock. During 2004 the Company issued 5,000,000 shares of common stock as
part of a private placement (the "2004 private placement") that resulted in
gross proceeds of $1,150,000, which were offset by costs associated with the
private placement aggregating approximately $218,600. The Company issued 30,000
shares of common stock upon the exercise of warrants that had been issued in
conjunction with the 2004 private placement, resulting in gross proceeds of
$6,900.
F-14
During 2005 the Company issued 148,148 shares of Series A preferred stock and
five-year warrants to purchase 74,070 shares of Series B preferred stock as part
of the 2005 private placement (See Note 2) that raised gross proceeds of
$4,000,000, which were offset by costs aggregating approximately $1,888,200.
Under the terms of the 2005 private placement, upon the effectiveness of an
amendment to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation to increase the
authorized number of shares of Common Stock, all shares of Series A preferred
stock and Series B preferred stock would automatically convert into shares of
Common Stock at a rate of 100 shares of Common Stock for each share of preferred
stock, and all warrants issued in the 2005 private placement would automatically
become exercisable for shares of Common Stock at a rate of 100 shares of Common
Stock for each share of preferred stock underlying such Warrants.
At the special meeting of the Company's stockholders, held on March 29, 2005,
the stockholders approved the amendment to the Company's Certificate of
Incorporation to increase the authorized number of common shares from 45,000,000
to 195,000,000. Consequently, an aggregate of 148,148 shares of Series A
preferred stock were converted into 14,814,800 shares of common stock and
warrants to purchase an aggregate of 74,070 shares of Series B preferred stock
were converted into warrants to purchase an aggregate 7,407,000 shares of common
stock.
The Company also issued to Griffin Securities Inc., ("Griffin") as a placement
agent fee in respect to the 2004 private placement, warrants to acquire 500,000
shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.23 per share and warrants to
acquire 250,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.33 per share.
Additionally, pursuant to an agreement dated December 16, 2003 with Griffin, the
Company paid Griffin a $50,000 agent fee and issued to Griffin five-year
warrants to purchase 14,815 shares of Series A preferred stock at an exercise
price of $27.00 per share and five-year warrants to purchase 7,407 shares of
Series B preferred stock at an exercise price of $40.00 per share as a finder's
fee in respect of the 2005 private placement.
Also during 2005, the Company acquired NES (See Note 1) for 9,599,993 shares of
common stock, the assumption of approximately $235,000 of NES' indebtedness and
the reimbursement to AIGH Investment Partners, LLC ("AIGH"), an affiliate of a
principal stockholder (Orin Hirschman), of $665,000 for its advance on the
Company's behalf of a like sum in December 2004 to settle certain third party
litigation against NES. This reimbursement was effected by a partial credit
against the price of the securities acquired by Mr. Hirschman in the 2005
private placement (See Note 2).
During 2005 and 2004, the Company issued 35,489 and 37,638 shares of common
stock to employees in connection with the Employee Stock Purchase Plan,
resulting in net cash proceeds of $10,000 and $9,000, respectively.
The Company increased the number of its common shares outstanding during 2004 by
30,668 shares, related to restricted shares that had been repurchased for which
the shareholder has not yet surrendered the stock certificate to the Company's
transfer agent for cancellation. The Company believes the risk of these shares
being traded is negligible as the share certificate carries a restrictive legend
on its face and cannot be traded without prior consent of the Company's counsel.
The Company believed that a more conservative accounting treatment should be
afforded theses shares, after consultations with its transfer agent, and decided
to add back these shares to its issued and outstanding totals.
Note Receivable - Shareholder. See Note 5.
Stock Purchase Warrants. As of December 31, 2005, the following common
stock warrants were issued and outstanding:
Shares
subject Exercise Expiration
Issued with respect to: to warrant price date
---------------------- ---------- --------- ----------
2004 Private placement 2,750,000 $ 0.33 01/09
2004 Private placement 470,000 $ 0.23 01/09
2005 Private placement 8,147,700 $ 0.40 02/10
2005 Private placement 1,481,500 $ 0.27 02/10
F-15
Convertible notes (1) 83,640 $ 1.79 01/06
Private placement (2) 373,049 $ 1.79 01/06
(1) The convertible notes warrants were issued in September 1998.
(2) The private placement warrants were issued in conjunction with the
private placements that closed either during October 1998, December 1998
or January 1999. All such warrants expired during January 2006.
1996 Stock Option Plan. In May 1996 the Company's 1996 Stock Option Plan (the
"96 Plan") was adopted by the board and approved by the stockholders. The 96
Plan is restricted to employees, including officers, and to non-employee
directors. As of December 31, 2005, the Company is authorized to issue up to
187,500 shares of its common stock in accordance with the terms of the 96 Plan.
Under the 96 Plan the exercise price of options granted is either at least equal
to the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant
or, in the case when the grant is to a holder of more than 10% of the Company's
common stock, at least 110% of the fair market value of the Company's common
stock on the date of the grant. As of December 31, 2005, options to purchase
159,625 shares of common stock were outstanding, 538 options had been exercised
and options to purchase 27,337 shares of common stock remained available for
further issuance under the 96 Plan.
1998 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan. In June 1998 the Company's 1998 Stock
Option/Stock Issuance Plan (the "98 Plan") was adopted by the board and approved
by the stockholders. Pursuant to the terms of the 98 Plan, options or stock may
be granted and issued, respectively, to officers and other employees,
non-employee board members and independent consultants who render services to
the Company. As of December 31, 2005, the Company is authorized to issue up to
4,455,400 options or stock in accordance with the terms of the 98 Plan, as
amended.
Under the 98 Plan the exercise price of options granted is to be not less than
85% of the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of the
grant. The purchase price of stock issued under the 98 Plan shall also not be
less than 85% of the fair market value of the Company's stock on the date of
issuance or as a bonus for past services rendered to the Company. As of December
31, 2005, options to purchase 3,920,643 shares of common stock were outstanding,
323,904 options had been exercised, 248,157 shares of common stock had been
issued directly under the 98 Plan, an aggregate 40,558 unvested options and
common stock previously issued had been repurchased and 3,254 shares remained
available for grant/issuance. The Company did not issue any direct shares under
the 98 Plan in either 2005 or 2004, and does not anticipate issuing shares in
2006.
Supplemental Stock Option Plan. In May 2000, the board approved an additional
stock option plan (the "Supplemental Plan"). Pursuant to the terms of the
Supplemental Plan, options are restricted to employees who are neither officers
nor directors at the grant date. As of December 31, 2005, the Company is
authorized to issue up to 400,000 shares in accordance with the terms of the
Supplemental Plan.
Under the Supplemental Plan the exercise price of options granted is to be not
less than 85% of the fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date
of the grant or, in the case when the grant is to a holder of more than 10% of
the Company's common stock, at least 110% of the fair market value of the
Company's common stock on the date of the grant. As of December 31, 2005,
options to purchase 386,000 shares of common stock were outstanding and 14,000
remained available for issuance under the Supplemental Plan.
NES Stock Option Plan. In January 2005, the board approved an additional stock
option plan (the "NES Plan"). Pursuant to the terms of the NES Plan, options are
restricted to a named employee who was neither an officer nor director at the
grant date. The Company is authorized to issue up to 1,000,000 shares in
accordance with the terms of the NES Plan.
Under the NES Plan the exercise price of options granted is to be equal to the
fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant. As of
December 31, 2005, options to purchase 1,000,000 shares of common stock were
outstanding and none remained available for issuance under the NES Plan.
F-16
GG Stock Plan. In February 2005, the board approved an additional stock option
plan (the "GG Plan"). Pursuant to the terms of the GG Plan, options are
restricted to a named employee who was neither an officer nor director at the
grant date. The Company is authorized to issue up to 250,000 shares in
accordance with the terms of the GG Plan.
Under the GG Plan the exercise price of options granted is to be equal to the
fair market value of the Company's common stock on the date of the grant. As of
December 31, 2005, options to purchase 250,000 shares of common stock were
outstanding and none remained available for issuance under the GG Plan.
2005 Equity Incentive Plan. In December 2005, the Company's 2005 Equity
Incentive Plan (the "05 Plan") was adopted by the board and approved by the
stockholders. Pursuant to the terms of the 05 Plan, options or
performance-vested stock may be granted to officers and other employees,
non-employee board members and independent consultants and advisors who render
services to the Company. The Company is authorized to issue up to 3,500,000
options or performance vested stock in accordance with the terms of the 05 Plan.
Under the 05 Plan the exercise price of non-qualified stock options granted is
to be no less than 100% of the fair market value of the Company's common stock
on the date the option is granted. The exercise price of incentive stock options
granted is to be no less than 100% of the fair market value of the Company's
common stock on the date the option is granted provided, however, that if the
recipient of the incentive stock option owns greater than 10% of the voting
power of all shares of the Company's capital stock then the exercise price will
be no less than 110% of the fair market value of the Company's common stock on
the date the option is granted. The purchase price of the performance-vested
stock issued under the 05 Plan shall also not be less than 100% of the fair
market value of the Company's common stock on the date the performance-vested
stock is granted. As of December 31, 2005, the Company had not granted any
options or performance-vested stock, consequently 3,500,000 shares remained
available for issuance.
Employee Stock Purchase Plan. In February 2000, the Employee Stock Purchase Plan
(the "ESPP") was adopted by the board and approved by the stockholders in June
2000. The ESPP provides for the purchase of shares of the Company's common stock
by eligible employees, including officers, at semi-annual intervals through
payroll deductions. No participant may purchase more than $25,000 worth of
common stock under the ESPP in one calendar year or more than 2,000 shares on
any purchase date. Purchase rights may not be granted to an employee who
immediately after the grant would own or hold options or other rights to
purchase stock and cumulatively possess 5% or more of the total combined voting
power or value of common stock of the Company.
Pursuant to the terms of the ESPP, shares of common stock are offered through a
series of successive offering periods, each with a maximum duration of six
months beginning on the first business day of February and August each year. The
purchase price of the common stock purchased under the ESPP is equal to 85% of
the lower of the fair market value of such shares on the start date of an
offering period or the fair market value of such shares on the last day of such
offering period. As of December 31, 2005, the ESPP is authorized to offer for
sale to participating employees 300,000 shares of common stock, of which,
203,545 shares have been purchased and 96,455 are available for future purchase.
A summary of the status of the Company's stock option plans as of December 31,
2005 and 2004, and changes during the years then ended is presented in the
following table:
Options Outstanding
-------------------------------------------------------------
December 31, 2005 December 31, 2004
---------------------------- ----------------------------
Weighted Weighted
Average Average
Shares Exercise Price Shares Exercise Price
--------- -------------- --------- --------------
Beginning 2,965,268 $ 0.56 2,104,483 $ 2.47
Granted 2,751,000 0.50 1,803,187 0.45
Exercised - - - -
Forfeited - - (942,402) 4.60
--------- ---------
Ending 5,716,268 0.53 2,965,268 0.56
========= =========
F-17
Exercisable at year-end 5,716,268 $ 0.53 2,965,268 $ 0.56
========= =========
Weighted-average fair value of
options granted during the
period: $ 0.29 $ 0.26
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding as of
December 31, 2005:
Options Outstanding Options Exercisable
----------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------
Weighted
Number Weighted Average Average Number Weighted
Outstanding Remaining Contractual Exercise Exercisable Average
Range of Exercise Price at 12/31/05 Life Price at 12/31/05 Exercise Price
----------------------- ----------- --------------------- --------- ----------- --------------
$ 0.01 - 0.25 1,102,500 6.68 Yrs. $ 0.15 1,102,500 $ 0.15
$ 0.26 - 0.41 1,288,882 7.05 Yrs. $ 0.37 1,288,882 $ 0.37
$ 0.42 - 0.54 1,646,000 9.08 Yrs. $ 0.45 1,646,000 $ 0.45
$ 0.55 - 7.31 1,678,886 8.21 Yrs. $ 0.99 1,678,886 $ 0.99
--------- ---------
5,716,268 $ 0.53 5,716,268 $ 0.53
========= =========
8. Income Taxes.
The components of the provision for income taxes consisted of the following:
December 31,
---------------------
Current: 2005 2004
-------- --------- ---------
Federal $ 10,300 $ -
State 7,900 -
--------- ---------
$ 18,200 $ -
--------- ---------
Deferred:
Federal $ - $ -
State - -
--------- ---------
Total provision for income taxes $ 18,200 $ -
========= =========
The following summarizes the differences between income tax expense and the
amount computed applying the federal income tax rate of 34%:
December 31,
--------------------------
2005 2004
----------- -----------
Federal income tax at statutory rate $ (383,900) $ (485,200)
State income taxes, net of federal benefit (65,500) (83,300)
Tax benefit not currently recognizable 449,400 560,600
Other 18,200 7,900
----------- -----------
Provision for income tax $ 18,200 -
=========== ===========
Deferred income taxes and benefits result from temporary timing differences in
the recognition of certain expense and income items for tax and financial
reporting purposes, as follows:
December 31, 2005 2004
-------------------------------- ------------ ------------
Net operating loss carryforwards $ 14,988,000 $ 14,961,000
Tax credit carryforwards 806,000 654,000
Capitalized software (32,000) (261,000)
Depreciation and amortization 717,000 760,000
Basis difference (1,808,000) -
Reserves and other 782,000 585,000
Total deferred tax asset 15,453,000 16,699,000
Valuation allowance (15,453,000) (16,699,000)
------------ ------------
Net deferred tax asset $ - $ -
============ ============
F-18
For financial reporting purposes, the Company has incurred a loss in each year
since inception. Based on the available objective evidence, management believes
it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax assets will not be fully
realizable. Accordingly, the Company has provided a full valuation allowance
against its net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2005 and 2004. The net
change in valuation allowance was $(1,246,000) and $1,358,200 for the years
ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
At December 31, 2005, the Company had approximately $42 million of federal net
operating loss carryforwards and approximately $14 million of California state
net operating loss carryforwards available to reduce future taxable income,
which will begin to expire in 2013 for federal tax purposes and 2006 for state
tax purposes, respectively.
In 1998, the Company experienced a "change of ownership" as that term is defined
by the provisions of the Tax Reform Act of 1986. As such, utilization of the
Company's net operating loss carryforwards through 1998 will be limited to
$400,000 per year until such carryforwards are fully utilized or expire.
9. Concentration of Credit Risk.
Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentration of
credit risk, consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables
and notes receivable. The Company places cash and cash equivalents with high
quality financial institutions and, by policy, limits the amount of credit
exposure to any one financial institution. As of December 31, 2005, the Company
had approximately $3,426,800 of cash and cash equivalents with financial
institutions, in excess of FDIC insurance limits.
For the year ended December 31, 2005, approximately 82.8% of the Company's total
sales were made to 26 customers. The three largest of these customers accounted
for approximately 16.8%, 16.0% and 11.5%, respectively, of total sales. These
three customers' December 31, 2005 year-end accounts receivable balances
represented approximately 0.0%, 11.6%, and 6.0% of reported net accounts
receivable.
For the year ended December 31, 2004, approximately 75.9% of the Company's total
sales were made to 20 customers. The three largest of these customers accounted
for approximately 20.9%, 14.9% and 14.1%, respectively, of total sales. These
three customers' December 31, 2004 year-end accounts receivable balances
represented approximately 30.9%, 2.9% and 0.0% of reported net accounts
receivable.
The Company performs credit evaluations of customers' financial condition
whenever necessary, and generally does not require cash collateral or other
security to support customer receivables.
Approximately 3,330,207 shares of the Company's common stock collateralized the
note receivable - shareholder (see Note 5), as of December 31, 2005, which bears
interest at 3.62% per annum and matures in 2009. The Company reviews the
collectibility of the note on a regular basis.
10. Commitments and Contingencies.
Operating Leases. The Company currently occupies approximately 1,862 square feet
of office space in Santa Cruz, California. The office space is rented pursuant
to a three-year operating lease, which became effective August 1, 2005. Rent on
the Santa Cruz facility will average approximately $3,600 per month over the
term of the lease, which is inclusive of a pro rata share of utilities,
facilities maintenance and other costs. The Company has the option to renew the
lease for one three-year term upon its expiration and can exercise this option
by giving written notice to the landlord not later than 180 days prior to the
expiration of the initial lease term.
During October 2005, the Company renewed its lease for approximately 3,300
square feet of office space in Concord, New Hampshire, for a one-year term,
which is cancelable upon 30-days written notice by either the landlord or the
Company. Rent on the Concord facility is approximately $5,300 per month.
The Company has been occupying leased facilities in Rolling Hills Estates,
California on a month-to-month basis since October 2002. During December 2005,
F-19
the Company signed a one-year lease for this property for the period February 1,
2006 through January 31, 2007. During January 2006, this lease was amended to
extend the lease through March 1, 2007. Under the terms of the new lease,
monthly rental payments are approximately $1,400.
The Company has also been renting an office in Berkshire, England, United
Kingdom since December 2002. The current lease runs through December 2006. Rent
on this office, which can fluctuate depending on exchange rates, is
approximately $400 per month.
Future minimum lease payments under all leases in effect as of December 31,
2005, assuming all currently occupied facilities will remain occupied by the
Company until each current lease's expiration:
Year ending December 31,
2006 $128,500
2007 $ 77,800
2008 $ 25,400
Rent expense aggregated approximately $123,100 and $95,700 for the years ended
December 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
Commitments. As a condition of the 2004 private placement, the Company entered
into an Investment Advisory Agreement with Orin Hirschman, a significant
stockholder of the Company. Pursuant to this agreement, in the event that the
Company completes a transaction with a third party introduced to the Company by
Mr. Hirschman, the Company shall pay to Mr. Hirschman 5% of the value of that
transaction. The agreement, as amended, expires on January 29, 2008.
Contingencies. Under its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and
Amended and Restated Bylaws and certain agreements with officers and directors,
the Company has agreed to indemnify its officers and directors for certain
events or occurrences arising as a result of the officer or director's serving
in such capacity. Generally, the term of the indemnification period is for the
officer's or director's lifetime. The maximum potential amount of future
payments the Company could be required to make under these indemnification
agreements is unlimited as the Company does not currently have a directors and
officers liability insurance policy that limits its exposure and enables it to
recover a portion of any future amounts paid. The Company believes the estimated
fair value of these indemnification agreements is minimal and has no liabilities
recorded for these agreements as of December 31, 2005.
The Company enters into indemnification provisions under (i) its agreements with
other companies in its ordinary course of business, including contractors and
customers and (ii) its agreements with investors. Under these provisions, the
Company generally indemnifies and holds harmless the indemnified party for
losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party as a result of the
Company's activities or, in some cases, as a result of the indemnified party's
activities under the agreement. These indemnification provisions often include
indemnifications relating to representations made by the Company with regard to
intellectual property rights, and often survive termination of the underlying
agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be
required to make under these indemnification provisions is unlimited. The
Company has not incurred material costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims
related to these indemnification agreements. As a result, the Company believes
the estimated fair value of these agreements is minimal. Accordingly, the
Company has no liabilities recorded for these agreements as of December 31,
2005.
The Company's software license agreements also generally include a performance
guarantee that the Company's software products will substantially operate as
described in the applicable program documentation for a period of 90 days after
delivery. The Company also generally warrants that services that the Company
performs will be provided in a manner consistent with reasonably applicable
industry standards. To date, the Company has not incurred any material costs
associated with these warranties.
F-20
11. Employee 401(k) Plan.
In December 1998, the Company adopted a 401(k) Plan (the Plan) to provide
retirement benefits for employees. As allowed under Section 401(k) of the
Internal Revenue Code, the Plan provides tax-deferred salary deductions for
eligible employees. Employees may contribute up to 15% of their annual
compensation to the Plan, limited to a maximum annual amount as set periodically
by the Internal Revenue Service. In addition, the Company may make
discretionary/matching contributions. During 2005 and 2004, the Company
contributed a total of approximately $21,500 and $23,000 to the Plan,
respectively.
12. Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information.
The following is supplemental disclosure for the statements of cash flows.
Year Ended
December 31,
--------------------
2005 2004
Cash paid: -------- --------
Income taxes $ - $ -
Interest $ 2,700 $ -
During 2004, the Company capitalized approximately $179,500 and $31,000 of
deferred acquisition costs, related to the NES acquisition, that were included
in accounts payable and accrued expenses, respectively, as of December 31, 2004.
Additionally, during 2004, the Company accrued approximately $32,500 of deferred
financing costs, related to the 2005 private placement, as other assets, as of
December 31, 2004.
As of December 31, 2005, financing costs related to the 2005 private placement
of approximately $34,200 and $23,800 had been recorded in accrued expenses and
accounts payable, respectively.
In conjunction with its acquisition of NES (See Note 1), the Company issued
9,599,993 shares of its common stock, with a value of $3,916,800. Additionally,
the Company issued 24,630 shares of its Series A preferred stock to AIGH as a
credit against its purchase of 30,368 shares of Series A preferred stock in the
2005 private placement (See Note 1). Further, pursuant to an agreement, dated
December 16, 2003, with Griffin, placement agent for the 2004 private placement,
the Company issued Griffin five-year warrants to purchase 14,815 shares of
Series A preferred stock at an exercise price of $27.00 per share and five-year
warrants to purchase 7,407 shares of Series B preferred stock at an exercise
price of $40.00 per share as a finder's fee in respect of the 2005 private
placement.
Upon the Company's stockholders approving the amendment to the Company's
certificate of incorporation (See Note 2), the warrants issued to Griffin were
converted into warrants to purchase common stock. The warrants to purchase
14,815 shares of Series A preferred stock were converted into warrants to
purchase 1,481,500 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.27 per
share and the warrants to purchase 7,407 shares or Series B preferred stock were
converted into warrants to purchase 740,700 shares of common stock at an
exercise price of $0.40 per share. The value of the warrants issued to Griffin
was determined using the Black-Scholes method, with the following assumptions:
dividend yield of 0, expected volatility of 60%, risk-free interest rate of 1.5%
and expected life of 5 years.
13. Litigation
On November 23, 2005, the Company initiated a proceeding against AutoTrader.com
in United States District Court in the Eastern District of Texas, alleging that
Autotrader.com was infringing two of the Company's patents, namely Nos.
6,324,538 and 6,850,940 (the "538" and "940" patents, respectively), which
protect the Company's unique method of maintaining an automated and network
accessible database, on its AutoTrader.com website. The Company seeks
preliminary and permanent injunctive relief along with unspecified damages and
fees. Autotrader.com filed its Answer and Counterclaim on January 17, 2006
seeking a declaratory judgment that it does not infringe the 538 and 940 patents
and that both patents are invalid.
F-21
On March 24, 2006, Autotrader.com filed a motion for summary judgment seeking to
invalidate the 538 and 940 patents. On May 1, 2006 we filed a response in
opposition to AutoTrader's motion. On August 8, 2006, AutoTrader's motion for
summary judgment was denied.
14. Loss Per Share
Potentially dilutive securities have been excluded from the computation of
diluted loss per common share, as their effect is antidilutive. For the years
ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, 19,022,157 and 6,641,957 shares, respectively,
of common stock equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted loss
per common share since their effect would be antidilutive.
15. Stock-Based Compensation (Unaudited)
Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for its stock-based compensation
plans under the recognition and measurement provisions of Accounting Principles
Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," ("APB No. 25")
and related interpretations, as permitted by Statement of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" ("FAS No. 123").
The Company did not recognize compensation cost related to stock options granted
to its employees and non-employee directors that had an exercise price equal to
or above the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant in
its condensed consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss prior
to January 1, 2006.
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition
provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R, "Share-Based
Payment," ("FAS123R") and related interpretations using the modified prospective
transition method. Under that method, compensation cost recognized in the
nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 includes (a) compensation cost for
all stock-based awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of January 1,
2006 based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the
original provisions of FAS No. 123 and (b) compensation cost for all stock-based
awards granted on or subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair
value estimated in accordance with the provisions of FAS123R.
Results for prior periods have not been restated.
As a result of adopting FAS123R on January 1, 2006, the Company's loss from
operations, loss before provision for income taxes and net loss for the
nine-months ended September 30, 2006 are each $347,100 higher than if the
Company had continued to account for stock-based compensation under APB No. 25.
Pro Forma Information under FAS No. 123 for Periods Prior to January 1, 2006
The following table illustrates the effect on net loss and loss per share if the
Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of FAS No. 123 to
stock-based awards in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005:
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2005
------------------
Net loss, as reported: $ (945)
Less: deemed preferred dividends (4,000)
Add: stock-based compensation expense included in 2
net loss, net of related tax effects
Deduct: total stock-based compensation expense
determined under the fair-value method for all
awards, net of related tax effects (317)
------------------
Pro forma net loss $ (5,260)
==================
Basic and diluted loss per share
As reported $ (0.12)
Pro forma $ (0.13)
F-22
For purposes of the pro forma calculations, the fair value of each option was
estimated on the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model,
assuming no dividends, expected volatility of 60%, risk free interest rate of
1.5% and an expected term of five years. The weighted average fair value of
stock-based awards granted during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2005
was $0.45. No stock options were exercised during the nine-month period ended
September 30, 2005 and forfeitures were recognized as they occurred.
Valuation and Expense Information under FAS123R
The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $347,100 in the
nine-month period ended September 30, 2006. As required by FAS123R, the Company
estimates forfeitures of employee stock-based awards and recognizes compensation
cost only for those awards expected to vest. Forfeiture rates are estimated
based on an analysis of historical experience and are adjusted to actual
forfeiture experience as needed.
The following table illustrates the stock-based compensation expense recorded
during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 by income statement
classification ($000s):
Nine months ended
Income statement classification September 30, 2006
------------------------------- ------------------
Cost of revenue $ 13
Selling and marketing expense 26
General and administrative expense 258
Research and development expense 50
------------------
$ 347
==================
In connection with the adoption of FAS123R, the Company estimated the fair value
of each stock option grant and employee stock purchase plan ("ESPP") grant
during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006 on the date of grant using
a binomial model, with the following assumptions: no dividends, an approximate
risk free annual interest rate ranging from 4.46% to 5.02%, estimated forfeiture
rate ranging from 5.0% to 10% and an estimated exercise factor of 10%. For stock
option grants, the following additional assumptions were also used: expected
volatility ranging from 155% to 159% and an expected term of 7.5 years. For ESPP
grants, the assumptions previously listed in this paragraph were also used,
except as follows: expected volatility ranging from 147% to 155%, risk free
interest rate of 3.73% and an expected term of 0.5 years.
The Company does not anticipate paying dividends on its common stock for the
foreseeable future. The Company used the historical volatility of its daily
closing price since it went public (July 13, 1999) through September 30, 2006 as
the basis of its calculation for stock option grants. The volatility calculation
for ESPP grants was based on the historical volatility of the Company's daily
closing price from August 1, 2005 to January 31, 2006 and February 1, 2006 to
July 31, 2006 as these were the two most recent ESPP participation periods used
in determining the purchase price of the shares sold under the ESPP during the
nine months ended September 30, 2006.
The approximate risk free interest rate was based on the implied yield available
on U.S. Treasury issues with remaining terms equivalent to the Company's
expected term on its options. The expected term of the Company's stock options
was based on the historical option holder exercise patterns and considered the
market performance of the Company's common stock and other items. The expected
term of the ESPP shares was six months, which is the length of time between the
ESPP grant date and the purchase date.
The estimated forfeiture rate was based on an analysis of historical data and
considered the impact of events such as the work force reductions the Company
carried out during previous years. The estimated exercise factor was based on an
analysis of historical data and included a comparison of historical and current
share prices.
For grants made during the nine-month period ended September 30, 2006, the
weighted average fair value of stock options was $0.45 and for ESPP shares was
$0.16.
The following table presents a summary of the status and activity of the
Company's stock option awards for the nine-month period ended September 30,
2006.
F-23
Weighted
Weighted Average ($000s)
Average Remaining Aggregate
Exercise Contractual Intrinsic
Shares Price Term (Years) Value
------------- ------------ ---------------- --------------
Outstanding - December 31, 2005 5,716,272 $ 0.53
Granted 985,000 0.21
Exercised - -
Forfeited or expired - -
-------------
Outstanding - March 31, 2006 6,701,272 $ 0.48 7.98 $ 74
-------------
Granted 10,000 0.21
Exercised - -
Forfeited or expired (16,217) 0.37
-------------
Outstanding - June 30, 2006 6,695,055 $ 0.48 7.73 $ 55
-------------
Granted 370,000 0.17
Exercised - -
Forfeited or expired (208,442) 0.37
-------------
Outstanding - September 30, 2006 6,856,613 $ 0.45 7.60 $ 49
=============
Vested or expected to vest -
September 30, 2006 (1) 6,737,262 $ 0.45 7.57 $ 49
Exercisable - September 30, 2006 (2) 6,856,613 $ 0.45 7.60 $ 49
(1) Of the options outstanding as of September 30, 2006, 4,376,915 were vested
and 2,360,347 were estimated to vest in future periods, prior to their estimated
forfeiture.
(2) All options are exercisable immediately upon grant. Options vest, generally
ratably over a 33-month period commencing in the fourth month after the grant
date. The Company has the right to repurchase exercised options that have not
vested upon their forfeiture at the respective option's exercise price.
No stock-based compensation awards were exercised during the nine-month period
ended September 30, 2006. As of September 30, 2006, there was $664,000 of total
unrecognized compensation cost related to stock-based compensation. That cost is
expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately one
year.
16. Patents (Unaudited)
As of September 30, 2006, patents consisted of the following:
Patents $ 5,340,400
Accumulated amortization (1,487,800)
-----------
$ 3,852,600
===========
Patent amortization, which aggregated $666,800 during the nine-month period
ended September 30, 2006 is a component of general and administrative expenses.
17. Interim Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information (Unaudited)
The Company disbursed no cash for the payment of income taxes during either of
the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 or 2005. The Company disbursed
no cash for the payment of interest expense during the nine-month period ended
September 30, 2006. The Company disbursed cash of approximately $2,600 for the
payment of interest expense during the nine-month period ended September 30,
2005.
F-24
18. Interim Loss Per Share (Unaudited)
Potentially dilutive securities have been excluded from the computation of
diluted loss per common share, as their effect is antidilutive. For the
nine-month periods ended September 30, 2006 and 2005, 19,705,817 and 19,022,157
shares, respectively, of common stock equivalents were excluded from the
computation of diluted loss per share since their effect would be antidilutive.
F-25
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 24. Indemnification of Directors and Officers
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law provides that a
corporation may indemnify directors and officers as well as other employees and
individuals against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and
amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in
connection with any threatened, pending or completed actions, suits or
proceedings in which such person is made a party by reason of such person being
or having been a director, officer, employee of or agent to the Registrant. The
statute provides that it is not exclusive of other rights to which those seeking
indemnification may be entitled under any by-law, agreement, or vote of
stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.
The Registrant's Bylaws provide that any person made a party to an action
by or in the right of the Registrant to procure a judgment in its favor by
reason of the fact that he, his testator or intestate, is or was a director or
officer of the Registrant shall be indemnified by the Registrant against the
reasonable expenses, including attorneys fees, actually and necessarily incurred
by him in connection with the defense of such action or in connection with an
appeal therein, to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law
or any successor thereto.
The Registrant's Bylaws provide that any person made or threatened to be
made a party to an action or proceeding other than one by or in the right of the
Registrant to procure a judgment in its favor, whether civil or criminal,
including an action by or in the right of any other corporation of any type or
kind, domestic or foreign, which any director or officer of the Registrant
served in any capacity at the request of the Registrant, by reason of the fact
that he, his testator or intestate, was a director or officer of the Registrant,
or served such other corporation in any capacity, shall be indemnified by the
Registrant against judgments, fines, amounts paid in settlement and reasonable
expenses, including attorneys fees actually and necessarily incurred as a result
of such action or proceeding, or any appeal therein, if such director or officer
acted in good faith for a purpose which he reasonably believed to be in the best
interests of the Registrant and, in criminal actions or proceedings, in which he
had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.
Section 102(b)(7) of the Delaware General Corporation Law permits a
corporation to provide in its certificate of incorporation that a director of
the corporation shall not be personally liable to the corporation or its
stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director,
except for liability (i) for any breach of the director's duty of loyalty to the
corporation or its stockholders, (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or
which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, (iii) for
payments of unlawful dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions, or
(iv) for any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal
benefit. The Registrant's certificate of incorporation provides for such
limitation of liability.
Item 25. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution
The following table sets forth various expenses that will be incurred in
connection with this offering as it relates to this Registration Statement:
Filing Fee.............. $ 1,454
Legal Fees and Expenses. 35,000
Accounting Fees and
Expenses............... 50,000
Printing Expenses....... 2,000
Miscellaneous Expenses.. 5,546
---------
Total................ $ 94,000
=========
- ----------------
* Estimated
II-1
Item 26. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
Since August 1, 2003, the Registrant has issued the following securities
that were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933:
On January 31, 2005, the Registrant acquired Network Engineering Software,
Inc. (NES) in exchange for 9,599,993 shares of common stock, the assumption of
approximately $232,800 of NES' indebtedness and the reimbursement to AIGH, an
affiliate of a principal shareholder (Orin Hirschman), of $665,000 for its
advance on behalf of the Registrant of a like sum in December 2004 to settle
certain third party litigation against NES. The advance was reimbursed through a
partial credit against the price of the Registrant's securities acquired by AIGH
in the 2005 private placement.
Of such 9,599,993 shares, 4,963,158 were issued to NES' majority
shareholder, an aggregate 2,474,335 shares were issued to NES' nine other
shareholders and an aggregate 2,162,500 shares to two of NES' remaining
creditors. The securities were not registered under the Securities Act of 1933
because such securities were offered and sold in transactions not involving a
public offering, exempt from registration under the Securities Act pursuant to
Section 4(2) and in compliance with Rule 506 thereunder.
On February 2, 2005, the Registrant issued in a private placement for
$4,000,000, 148,148 shares of newly authorized Series A preferred stock at a
price of $27.00 per share and five-year warrants to acquire 74,070 shares of
newly authorized Series B preferred stock at an exercise price of $40.00 per
share (the 2005 private placement). After payment of fees, expenses and other
consideration related to the NES Acquisition and the 2005 private placement, the
Registrant derived net proceeds of approximately $2,067,700. Pursuant to an
agreement dated December 16, 2003 with Griffin Securities Inc., placement agent
for Registrant's 2004 private placement, the Registrant issued to Griffin
Securities five-year warrants to purchase 14,815 shares of Series A preferred
stock at an exercise price of $27.00 per share and five-year warrants to
purchase 7,407 shares of Series B preferred stock at an exercise price of $40.00
per share as a finder's fee in respect of Registrant's 2005 private placement.
The securities were not registered under the Securities Act because such
securities were offered and sold in transactions not involving a public
offering, exempt from registration under the Securities Act pursuant to Section
4(2) and in compliance with Rule 506 thereunder.
On March 29, 2005, the Registrant's stockholders approved an amendment to
the Registrant's certificate of incorporation increasing the Registrant's
authorized but unissued common stock from 45,000,000 to 195,000,000 shares. Upon
the effectiveness of the certificate of amendment to the Registrant's
certificate of incorporation implementing this increase, each share of Series A
preferred stock was automatically converted into 100 shares of our common stock
and each warrant was automatically converted into a warrant to purchase that
number of shares of common stock equal to the number of shares of preferred
stock subject to the warrant multiplied by 100. As a result, upon the
effectiveness of the certificate of amendment, all outstanding shares of Series
A Preferred Stock (148,148 shares) were converted into 14,814,800 shares of our
common stock. In addition, upon the effectiveness of the certificate of
amendment, all outstanding warrants to purchase shares of Series A preferred
stock (14,815 shares) and Series B preferred stock (81,477 shares) were
converted into five-year warrants to purchase 1,481,500 shares of our common
stock at an exercise price of $0.27 per share and five-year warrants to purchase
8,147,700 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $0.40 per share,
respectively.
On January 29, 2004, the Registrant completed a private placement of its
securities raising $1,150,000 in gross proceeds. A total of 5,000,000 shares
were sold to accredited investors at a price of $0.23 per share. The Registrant
also issued warrants to these accredited investors to purchase up to 2,500,000
shares at $0.33 per share on or before January 29, 2009. Griffin Securities,
Inc., who acted as a placement agent with respect to the placement, and its
affiliates, received as a placement agent's fee warrants to purchase an
aggregate of 500,000 shares of common stock at $0.23 per share on or before
January 29, 2009 and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 250,000 shares of
common stock at $0.33 per share on or before January 29, 2009. The securities
were not registered under the Securities Act because such securities were
offered and sold in transactions not involving a public offering, exempt from
registration under the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(2) and in compliance
with Rule 506 thereunder.
During the three years ended July 31, 2006, the Registrant issued options
to purchase 5,549,187 shares of its common stock, at exercise prices ranging
from $0.18 to $0.92 per share, and awarded 1,000,000 shares of restricted common
stock with a fair market value of $0.16 to various employees and directors
pursuant to its various employee benefit plans. The granting of such stock
options and awarding of such restricted stock to the employees and directors was
II-2
not registered under the Securities Act of 1933 because the stock options and
restricted stock either did not involve an offer or sale for purposes of Section
2(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933, in reliance on the fact that the stock
options and restricted stock were granted for no consideration, or were offered
and sold in transactions not involving a public offering, exempt from
registration under the Securities Act of 1933 pursuant to Section 4(2) and in
compliance with Rule 506 thereunder.
Item 27. Exhibits
The following is a list of Exhibits filed herewith as part of the
registration statement:
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
- ------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization dated as of
December 3, 2004, between registrant and GraphOn NES Sub,
LLC, a California limited liability company, GraphOn Via SUB
III Inc., a Delaware corporation, Network Engineering
Software, Inc., a California corporation and Ralph Wesinger (1)
3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of
Registrant (2)
3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant (3)
4.1 Form of certificate evidencing shares of common stock of
Registrant (4)
4.3 Form of Warrant issued by Registrant on January 29, 2004 (5)
4.4 Form of Warrant issued by Registrant on February 2, 2005 (6)
4.5 Investors Rights Agreement, dated January 29, 2004, by and
among Registrant and the investors named therein (5)
4.6 Investors Rights Agreement, dated February 2, 2005, by and
among Registrant and the investors named therein (6)
10.1 1996 Stock Option Plan of Registrant (4)
10.2 1998 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan of Registrant (3)
10.3 Supplemental Stock Option Agreement, dated as of June 23, 2000 (7)
10.4 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of Registrant (7)
10.5 Lease Agreement between Registrant and Central United Life
Insurance, dated as of October 24, 2003 (5)
10.6 Financial Advisory Agreement, dated January 29, 2004, by and
between Registrant and Orin Hirschman (9)
10.7 Amendment to Financial Advisory Agreement, dated February 2, 2005,
by and between Registrant and Orin Hirschman (6)
10.8 Reimbursement Agreement, dated December 10, 2004, by and
between Registrant and AIGH Investment Partners LLC (9)
II-3
10.9 Holder Agreement, dated January 31, 2005, by and between
Registrant and the holders named therein (6)
10.10 Non-recourse Secured Promissory Note, dated October 6, 2004, by and
between Registrant and Ralph Wesinger (9)
10.11 Stock Pledge Agreement, dated October 6, 2004, by and
between Registrant and Ralph Wesinger (9)
10.12 Agreement, dated December 16, 2003, by and between
Registrant and Griffin Securities, Inc. (9)
10.13 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (10)
10.14 Stock Option Agreement, dated February 1, 2005 by and
between Registrant and Ralph Wesinger (11)
10.15 Stock Option Agreement, dated January 29, 2005 by and
between Registrant and Gary Green (11)
10.16 Employment Letter, dated February 11, 2000, between Registrant and
William Swain
16.1 Letter from BDO Seidman, LLP, dated February 10, 2005 regarding change
in certifying accountant (8)
21.1 Subsidiaries of Registrant *
23.1 Consent of Macias Gini & O'Connell LLP
- --------
* Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 on Form
SB-2
(1) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K,
dated December 3, 2004, filed with the SEC on December 9, 2004
(2) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K,
dated January 28, 2005, filed with the SEC on February 3, 2005
(3) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Form S-4, file number 333-76333
(4) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Form S-1, file number 333-11165
(5) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 2003, filed with the SEC on March 30, 2003
(6) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K,
dated January 31, 2005, filed with the SEC on February 4, 2005
(7) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Form S-8, file number 333-40174
(8) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K,
dated February 9, 2005, filed with the SEC on February 14, 2005
(9) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 2004, filed with the SEC on April 15, 2005
(10)Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement,
dated November 21, 2005, filed with the SEC on November 25, 2005
(11)Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-KSB
for the year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the SEC on April 17, 2006
II-4
Item 28. Undertakings
The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes:
(1)That for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities
Act, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this
registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of
prospectus filed by Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under
the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as
of the time it was declared effective.
(2)That for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities
Act, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be
deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be
the initial bona fide offering thereof.
(3)To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a
post-effective amendment to this registration statement:
(a) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the
Securities Act;
(b) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the
effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the
aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth
in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any
increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total
dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was
registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the
estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of
prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in
the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than
20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth
in "Calculation of Registration Fee" table in the effective
registration statement;
(c) To include any material information with respect to the plan of
distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or
any material change to such information in the registration statement.
(4) That for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities
Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new
registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and
the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the
initial bona fide offering thereof.
(5) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any
of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the
termination of the offering.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may
be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of Registrant as
described in Item 14 of this Part II to the registration statement, or
otherwise, Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and
Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed
in the Securities Act, and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a
claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by
Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling
person of Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or
proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in
connection with the securities being registered, Registrant will, unless in the
opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent,
submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such
indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities
Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
II-5
SIGNATURES
In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933,
Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all
the requirements of filing on Prospectus and authorized this registration
statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned in the City of Santa
Cruz, State of California, on the 5th day of February, 2007.
GRAPHON CORPORATION
By: /s/ William Swain
-----------------
William Swain
Secretary and Chief Financial Officer
---------------
In accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this
Registration Statement was signed by the following persons in the capacities and
on the dates stated.
SIGNATURE TITLE DATE
- --------- ----- ----
* Chairman and Chief Executive February 5, 2007
- --------------------- Officer (Principal Executive
Robert Dilworth Officer)
/s/ William Swain Secretary and Chief Financial February 5, 2007
- -------------------------- Officer (Principal Financial and
William Swain Accounting Officer)
* Director February 5, 2007
- ---------------------
August P. Klein
* Director February 5, 2007
- ---------------------
Michael Volker
* Director February 5, 2007
- ---------------------
Gordon Watson
* William Swain, pursuant to Powers of Attorney (executed by each of the
officers and directors listed above), by signing his name hereto does hereby
sign and execute this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement on
behalf of each of the persons referenced above.
Date: February 5, 2007 /s/ William Swain
-----------------
William Swain
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit
Number Description of Exhibit
- ------- -----------------------------------------------------------------------
2.1 Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization dated as of December
3, 2004, between registrant and GraphOn NES Sub, LLC, a California
limited liability company, GraphOn Via SUB III Inc., a Delaware
corporation, Network Engineering Software, Inc., a California
corporation and Ralph Wesinger (1)
3.1 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant (2)
3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant (3)
4.1 Form of certificate evidencing shares of common stock of Registrant (4)
4.3 Form of Warrant issued by Registrant on January 29, 2004 (5)
4.4 Form of Warrant issued by Registrant on February 2, 2005 (6)
4.5 Investors Rights Agreement, dated January 29, 2004, by and among
Registrant and the investors named therein (5)
4.6 Investors Rights Agreement, dated February 2, 2005, by and among
Registrant and the investors named therein (6)
10.1 1996 Stock Option Plan of Registrant (4)
10.2 1998 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan of Registrant (3)
10.3 Supplemental Stock Option Agreement, dated as of June 23, 2000 (7)
10.4 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of Registrant (7)
10.5 Lease Agreement between Registrant and Central United Life Insurance,
dated as of October 24, 2003 (5)
10.6 Financial Advisory Agreement, dated January 29, 2004, by and between
Registrant and Orin Hirschman (9)
10.7 Amendment to Financial Advisory Agreement, dated February 2, 2005, by
and between Registrant and Orin Hirschman (6)
10.8 Reimbursement Agreement, dated December 10, 2004, by and between
Registrant and AIGH Investment Partners LLC (9)
10.9 Holder Agreement, dated January 31, 2005, by and between Registrant
and the holders named therein (6)
10.10 Non-recourse Secured Promissory Note, dated October 6, 2004, by and
between Registrant and Ralph Wesinger (9)
10.11 Stock Pledge Agreement, dated October 6, 2004, by and between
Registrant and Ralph Wesinger (9)
10.12 Agreement, dated December 16, 2003, by and between Registrant and
Griffin Securities, Inc. (9)
10.13 2005 Equity Incentive Plan (10)
10.14 Stock Option Agreement, dated February 1, 2005 by and between
Registrant and Ralph Wesinger (11)
10.15 Stock Option Agreement, dated January 29, 2005 by and between
Registrant and Gary Green (11)
10.16 Employment Letter, dated February 11, 2000, between Registrant and
William Swain
16.1 Letter from BDO Seidman, LLP, dated February 10, 2005 regarding change
in certifying accountant (8)
21.1 Subsidiaries of Registrant *
23.1 Consent of Macias Gini & O'Connell LLP
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
* Filed as an exhibit to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 on Form
SB-2
(1) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K,
dated December 3, 2004, filed with the SEC on December 9, 2004
(2) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K,
dated January 28, 2005, filed with the SEC on February 3, 2005
(3) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Form S-4, file number 333-76333
(4) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Form S-1, file number 333-11165
(5) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 2003, filed with the SEC on March 30, 2003
(6) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K,
dated January 31, 2005, filed with the SEC on February 4, 2005
(7) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Form S-8, file number 333-40174
(8) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K,
dated February 9, 2005, filed with the SEC on February 14, 2005
(9) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for
the year ended December 31, 2004, filed with the SEC on April 15, 2005
(10) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Definitive Proxy Statement,
dated November 21, 2005, filed with the SEC on November 25, 2005
(11) Incorporated by reference from Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-KSB
for the year ended December 31, 2005 filed with the SEC on April 17, 2006