UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[X] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended MARCH 31, 1998
OR
[_] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ______________ to ___________
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 0-23753
CDNOW, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
PENNSYLVANIA 23-2813867
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation of organization)
610 OLD YORK ROAD, SUITE 300, JENKINTOWN, PENNSYLVANIA, 19046
(Address of principal executive offices and Zip Code)
(215) - 517 - 7325
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
_______________________________
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last
report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required
to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing
requirements for the past 90 days. YES [x] NO [_]
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of
common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Common Stock, No Par Value - 16,006,302 Shares Outstanding (May 11, 1998)
CDNOW, INC.
INDEX
PAGE
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 1998 and
December 31, 1997................................................................. 1
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months
ended March 31, 1998 and 1997..................................................... 2
Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended
March 31, 1998 and 1997........................................................... 3
Notes to Unaudited Financial Statements........................................... 4
ITEM 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations..................................................... 6
PART II -
ITEM 1 Legal Proceedings............................................................... 12
ITEM 2 Changes in Securities and Use of Proceeds....................................... 12
ITEM 3 Defaults Upon Senior Securities................................................. 13
ITEM 4 Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders............................. 13
ITEM 5 Other Information............................................................... 13
ITEM 6 Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K................................................ 14
SIGNATURES.................................................................................. 15
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements
CDNOW, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(UNAUDITED)
MARCH 31, DECEMBER 31,
1998 1997
------------- -------------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents........................................... $ 60,521,171 $ 10,686,001
Short-term investments.............................................. -- 1,003,045
Accounts receivable, net of reserve of $77,000 and $89,564.......... 564,967 324,411
Prepaid expenses and other.......................................... 2,508,313 2,457,958
------------ ------------
Total current assets........................................... 63,594,451 14,471,415
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET........................................... 2,528,473 1,884,296
OTHER ASSETS.......................................................... 104,830 92,714
------------ ------------
$ 66,227,754 $ 16,448,425
============ ============
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:
Notes payable $ -- $ 5,575,288
Current portion of term loans payable 58,551 54,091
Current portion of capitalized lease obligations 376,535 307,471
Accounts payable 5,873,430 8,981,430
Accrued expenses 1,020,122 579,413
Deferred revenues 124,315 188,466
Advances due to related parties -- 3,261
------------ ------------
Total current liabilities 7,452,953 15,689,420
------------ ------------
TERM LOANS PAYABLE 117,941 136,293
------------ ------------
CAPITALIZED LEASE OBLIGATIONS 866,571 825,851
------------ ------------
DEFERRED RENT LIABILITY 101,300 56,717
------------ ------------
REDEEMABLE SERIES A AND B CONVERTIBLE
PREFERRED STOCK...................................................... -- 9,492,594
------------ ------------
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES.........................................
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT):.......................................
Preferred stock, no par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 254,582
Redeemable Series A Convertible and 1,605,505 Redeemable
Series B Convertible shares issued and outstanding at December 31,
1997 -- --
Common stock, no par value, 50,000,000 shares authorized, 16,006,302
and 7,845,684 shares issued and outstanding 77,265,547 579,549
Additional paid-in capital 1,325,817 1,325,817
Deferred compensation (365,600) (434,776)
Accumulated deficit (20,536,775) (11,223,040)
------------ ------------
Total shareholders' equity (deficit) 57,688,989 (9,752,450)
------------ ------------
$ 66,227,754 $ 16,448,425
============ ============
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
1
CDNOW, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
Three Months Ended
March 31
1998 1997
------------ -----------
NET SALES....................................................... $10,013,889 $2,581,578
COST OF SALES................................................... 8,554,549 2,049,541
----------- ----------
Gross profit.................................................. 1,459,340 532,037
----------- ----------
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Operating and development..................................... 1,081,049 321,128
Sales and marketing........................................... 8,785,724 417,302
General and administrative.................................... 850,285 339,303
----------- ----------
10,717,058 1,077,733
----------- ----------
Operating Loss................................................ (9,257,718) (545,696)
INTEREST INCOME................................................. 506,039 1,390
INTEREST EXPENSE................................................ (446,514) --
----------- ----------
NET LOSS........................................................ (9,198,193) (544,306)
ACCRETION OF PREFERRED STOCK TO REDEMPTION VALUE................ (115,542) --
----------- ----------
Net Loss Applicable to Common Shareholders...................... $(9,313,735) $ (544,306)
=========== ==========
Net Loss Per Common Share....................................... $ (0.78) $ (0.07)
=========== ==========
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding............ 12,015,090 7,845,684
=========== ==========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.
2
CDNOW, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
THREE MONTHS ENDED
MARCH 31
1998 1997
------------- ----------
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net loss.......................................................................... $ (9,198,193) $(544,306)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in)
operating activities--
Depreciation and amortization................................................... 517,408 51,000
Provision for returns and doubtful accounts..................................... 91,564 --
Increase in operating assets and liabilities--
Accounts receivable.......................................................... (332,120) (18,320)
Prepaid expenses and other................................................... (62,471) 1,343
Accounts payable............................................................. (3,108,000) 252,886
Accrued expenses............................................................. 440,709 --
Deferred revenue............................................................. (64,151) 3,857
Deferred rent liability...................................................... 44,583 (18,183)
------------ ---------
Net cash used in operating activities........................................ (11,670,671) (271,723)
------------ ---------
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Sales and maturities of short-term investments.................................... 1,003,045 248,097
Purchases of property and equipment............................................... (713,786) (218,794)
------------ ---------
Net cash provided by investing activities...................................... 289,259 29,303
------------ ---------
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Borrowings on term loans payable.................................................. -- 147,286
Payments on term loans payable.................................................... (13,892) --
Borrowings on notes payable....................................................... -- 57,500
Proceeds from repayment of issuance of Series A Notes and warrants................ (5,777,500) --
Proceeds from repayment of advances due to related parties........................ (3,261) --
Payments on capitalized lease obligations......................................... (66,267) (8,985)
Proceeds from issuance of Common stock, net....................................... 67,077,862 --
------------ ---------
Net cash provided by financing activities...................................... 61,216,582 195,801
------------ ---------
INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS.................................... 49,835,120 (46,619)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD...................................... 10,686,001 775,865
------------ ---------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD............................................ $ 60,521,171 $ 729,246
============ =========
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements
3
CDNOW, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
1 BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The consolidated financial statements of CDnow, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the
"Company") included herein are unaudited and reflect all adjustments (consisting
only of normal recurring adjustments) which are, in the opinion of management,
necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position and operating
results for the three month period ended March 31, 1998. These consolidated
financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements
and notes thereto contained in the prospectus (the "Prospectus") which is part
of the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-52367).
The interim operating results of the Company may not be indicative of operating
results for the full year.
2. THE COMPANY:
CDnow, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the "Company") is an online retailer of compact
discs ("CDS") and other music-related products. The Company strives to combine
the advantages of online commerce with superior customer focus in order to be
the authoritative source for CDS and other music-related products. The Company
contracts with outside warehouses for fulfillment services to deliver products
to customers and, therefore, the Company maintains no inventories.
Since inception (February 12, 1994), the Company has incurred significant
losses, and as of December 31, 1997 had accumulated losses of $22.0 million.
For the year ended December 31, 1997, and the three months ended March 31, 1998,
the Company's net loss was $10.7 million and $9.2 million, respectively. The
Company intends to invest heavily in marketing and promotion, strategic
alliances, Web site development and technology, and development of its
administration organization. As a result, the Company believes that it will
incur substantial operating losses for the foreseeable future, and that the rate
at which such losses will be incurred may increase significantly from current
levels. Because the Company has relatively low product gross margins, achieving
profitability given planned investment levels depends upon the Company's ability
to generate and sustain substantially increased revenue levels. There can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to generate sufficient revenues to
achieve or sustain profitability in the future. See "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in the Prospectus.
3. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES:
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of CDnow, Inc. and
its wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have
been eliminated in consolidation.
Management's Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of
contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and
the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Actual results could differ from those estimates.
4
Net Loss Per Common Share
The Company has presented net loss per share for the three months ended March
31, 1997 and 1998 pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
("SFAS") No. 128 "Earnings per Share" and the Securities and Exchange Commission
Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 98.
Basic loss per share was computed by dividing net loss applicable to common
shareholders by the weighted average number of shares of Common stock
outstanding during the three months ended March 31, 1997 and 1998. Diluted loss
per share has not been presented, since the impact on loss per share using the
treasury stock method is anti-dilutive due to the Company's losses.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
For the purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company
considers investment instruments with an original maturity of three months or
less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are comprised of investments in
money market funds, government mortgage backed bonds and highly rated corporate
securities.
Revenue Recognition
Net sales, which consist primarily of recorded music sold via the Internet,
include outbound shipping and handling charges and are recognized when the
products are shipped. The Company records a reserve for estimated returns,
which is based on historical return rates.
Operating and Development Expenses
Operating and development expenses consist principally of payroll and related
expenses for product management, development, editorial, and network operations
personnel and consultants and expenses for systems and telecommunications
infrastructure.
Advertising Expense
Advertising costs are included in sales and marketing expenses and are charged
to expense as incurred. Such costs were $131,851 and $7,327,900 for the three
months ended March 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively. The Company gives
merchandise credit to the providers of various small Web sites through its
Cosmic Credit Program. Expenses related to this program are included in sales
and marketing expenses and, to date, have been immaterial. The Company estimates
the amount of unused credits and includes this amount in accrued expenses.
Initial Public Offering
On February 13, 1998 the Company consummated an initial public offering of its
Common stock. The Company sold 4,561,250 shares of its Common stock, no par
value, at an initial public offering price of $16.00 per share. After deducting
the underwriters' discounts and commissions and other offering expenses, the net
proceeds to the Company were $67,077,862.
Comprehensive Income
In June 1997, the FASB issued SFAS No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income"
("SFAS 130"). This statement requires companies to classify items of other
comprehensive income by their nature in a financial statement and display the
accumulated balance of other comprehensive income separately from retained
earnings and additional paid-in capital in the equity section of a statement of
financial position. The Company has adopted SFAS 130 in 1998. There are no other
comprehensive income items for the three months ended March 31, 1997 and 1998,
and accordingly this adoption has no impact on the financial results of the
Company for the three months ended March 31, 1997 and 1998.
5
Commitments and Contingencies
- -----------------------------
Yahoo Agreement. In August 1997, the Company entered into an agreement with
Yahoo! Inc. (the "Yahoo Agreement"), pursuant to which the Company was granted
exclusively on music-related pages on the www.yahoo.com Web site. The Yahoo
Agreement consists of two one-year terms. The initial term began on October 1997
and will expire on October 5, 1998. The Company can terminate the contract after
the first year by providing Yahoo with notice, as defined, and paying a
termination fee. During the first one-year term, the Company is required to pay
Yahoo $3,900,000 (of which $1,825,000 was through March 31, 1998) in exchange
for a specified number of page views. The Company expects to amortize the costs
associated with the Yahoo Agreement over the contract term, with the
amortization method primarily based on the rate of delivery of a guaranteed
number of impressions to be received during the contract term. In connection
with the Yahoo Agreement, the Company paid Yahoo an additional $600,000 for
advertising in August and September 1997, which amount was charged to expense.
Excite Agreement. On September 30, 1997, the Company entered into a two-year
agreement with Excite, Inc. (the "Excite Agreement"), pursuant to which the
Company became the exclusive retail music store sponsor of the WebCrawler.com
Web site. The Excite Agreement requires the Company to pay Excite a set-up fee,
an annual exclusivity fee and an annual sponsorship fee for ongoing programming,
links, placements, advertisements and promotions. The Company has agreed to pay
Excite a minimum of $4,500,000 over the contract term, of which $1,500,000 was
paid through March 31, 1998 and an additional $1,125,000 will be paid in 1998
and $1,875,000 will be paid in 1999. The Company expects to amortize the costs
associated with the Excite Agreement over the contract term, with the
amortization method primarily based on the rate of the delivery of a guaranteed
number of impressions to be received during the contract term.
Lycos Agreement. On March 26, 1998, the Company entered into an agreement with
Lycos, Inc. (the "Lycos Agreement"), pursuant to which the Company became the
exclusive retail music store sponsor of the www.Lycos.com and www.Tripod.com Web
sites. The Lycos Agreement has a term of three years which will commence on the
launch date, as defined. The Company has agreed to pay Lycos $4,500,000,
$5,500,000 and $6,500,000 during the first, second and third years, respectively
of the contract term in exchange for a specified number of page views. In
addition, the Company has committed to issue 61,665 shares (the "Lycos Shares")
of common stock to Lycos. The Lycos Shares vest as Lycos delivers certain
required minimum page views, as defined. The Company has the right to
repurchase any of the Lycos shares that do not become vested at a price of $0.01
per share. The Company will measure the stock granted as its vests. If Lycos
is unable to deliver a number of guaranteed minimum impressions the Company will
not be required to make all of the minimum payments and all the Lycos shares may
not vest. The Company expects to amortize the costs associated with the Lycos
Agreement over the contract term, with amortization method primarily based on
the rate of delivery of a guaranteed number of impressions to be received during
the contract term.
Lycos Bertelsmann Agreement. On April 2, 1998, the Company entered into an
agreement with Lycos Bertelsmann GMBH & Co. KG (the "Lycos Bertelsmann
Agreement"), pursuant to which the Company became the exclusive music retailer
on certain Lycos branded Web services, as defined, in Europe. The Lycos
Bertelsmann Agreement has a three year term which will commence on the launch
date, as defined. The Company has agreed to pay Lycos Bertelsmann $1,420,000,
$1,880,000 and $2,200,000 during the first, second and third years of the
contract term. The Company expects to amortize the costs associated with the
Lycos Bertelsmann Agreement over the contract term, with the amortization method
primarily based on the rate of delivery of a guaranteed number of impressions to
be received during the contract term.
Other Agreements. On January 5, 1998 the Company entered into a strategic
alliance with GeoCities pursuant to which the Company has been designated as the
exclusive music retailer as well as one of four key commerce partners that will
occupy a premier position on certain pages of the GeoCities Web site. The
Company has committed to make payments under advertising and linking agreements
with Rolling Stone Network, America Online with respect to the Love@AOL service,
and with certain other parties and has expanded its agreement with Yahoo. The
Company's aggregate commitment under these arrangements, together with certain
other advertising commitments, is approximately $6,170,000, $2,927,000,
$2,435,000 and $766,000 in the remaining nine months of 1998, and in the years
ending
6
December 31, 1999, 2000 and 2001, respectively.
General. Many of the Company's agreements, including the Yahoo, Excite, and
Lycos Bertelsmann Agreements contain provisions which may require additional
payments to be made by the Company based on factors such as click-throughs and
new customers generated. No such payments have been incurred to date. Such
payments will be expenses as incurred. The Company will continue to evaluate
the realizability of assets recorded, if any, related to the Yahoo, Excite,
Lycos, Lycos Bertelsmann and other agreements, and, if necessary, write down the
assets to realizable value.
Safe Harbor for Forward-Looking Statements
- ------------------------------------------
From time-to-time, the Company may publish statements which are not historical
fact, but are forward-looking statements relating to such matters as anticipated
financial performance, business prospects, technological developments, new
products, research and development activities and similar matters. The Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-
looking statements.
These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties
that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical and
anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the Company's forward-
looking statements. Such forward-looking statements may be identified by the
use of certain forward-looking terminology, such as "may," will," "expect,"
"anticipate", "intend," "estimate," "believe," "goal," or "continue," or
comparable terminology that involves risks or uncertainties. Actual future
results and trends may differ materially from historical results of those
anticipated depending on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to
those set forth under "Overview" and "Liquidity and Capital Resources" included
in this Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations and in the "Risk Factors" section of the Company's final
prospectus dated February 13, 1998 as filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission ("SEC"). Particular attention should be paid to the cautionary
statements involving the Company's limited operating history, the
unpredictability of its future revenues, the unpredictable and evolving nature
of its key markets, the intensely competitive online commerce and entertainment
environments, the Company's dependence on its strategic alliances and key
suppliers and distributors, and the risks associated with capacity constraints,
systems development, relationships with artists, and the management of growth.
Except as required by law, the Company undertakes no obligation to update any
forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events
or otherwise. Readers, however, should carefully review the factors set forth
in other reports or documents that the Company files from time-to-time with the
SEC.
7
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
This report contains, in addition to historical information,
statements by the Company with regard to its expectations as to
financial results and other aspects of its business that involve
risks and uncertainties and may constitute forward looking
statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation
Reform Act of 1995. Such statements reflect management's current
views and are based on certain assumptions. Actual results could
differ materially from those currently anticipated as a result of a
number of factors, including, but not limited to, those matters
discussed under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations" contained herein.
OVERVIEW
CDnow is the leading online retailer of CDs and other music-related products.
Its early entrance into the online music retailing industry has helped the
Company gain a well-recognized brand a large customer base. The Company strives
to combine the advantages of online commerce with superior customer focus in
order to be the authoritative source for CDS and other music-related products.
CDnow offers broad selection, informative content, easy-to-use navigation and
search capabilities, a high level of customer service, competitive pricing and
personalized communication. Due to the Company's dedicated retail focus,
revenues are almost entirely derived from the sale of pre-recorded music and
related products, drawing from its comprehensive selection of over 250,000
items. The Company does not seek to generate advertising or other ancillary
revenues.
CDnow has grown rapidly since its inception in 1994. Of the 432,000 customers
who have made purchases since inception through March 31, 1998, 135,000 made
their initial purchases during the three month period ending March 31, 1998.
Average daily visits to the CDnow store have grown from approximately 12,000 in
January 1996 to approximately 165,000 in March 1998. The Company's net sales
grew to $10.0 million in the first quarter of 1998 compared to $7.9 million and
$2.6 million in the fourth and first quarters of 1997, respectively. The
Company has also generated significant customer loyalty. Despite the Company's
rapid acquisition of new customers, repeat customers accounted for approximately
51% of net sales in the first quarter of 1998.
The Company believes that the key factors affecting its long-term financial
success include its ability to obtain new customers at reasonable costs, retain
customers and encourage repeat purchases. The Company seeks to expand its
customer base through multiple marketing channels which include (i) pursuing an
aggressive marketing campaign using a combination of online and traditional
marketing, (ii) establishing strategic alliances with major Internet content and
service providers, (iii) entering into linking arrangements with other Web sites
as part of its Cosmic Credit Program, and (iv) using direct marketing techniques
to target new and existing customers with personalized communications. The
Company entered into strategic alliances with Yahoo!, Excite and GeoCities in
August 1997, September 1997 and January 1998, respectively, and has accelerated
its marketing campaign since the Company's initial public offering in February
1998 by expanding its relationship with Yahoo! and entering into additional
alliances with Lycos, Lycos Bertelsmann and Rolling Stone Network.
Since its inception, the Company has incurred significant net losses and, as of
March 31, 1998, had accumulated losses of $22.0 million. As it seeks to expand
aggressively, the Company believes that its operating expenses will
significantly increase as a result of the financial commitments related to the
development of marketing channels, future strategic relationships, and
improvements to its Web site and other capital expenditures. The Company
expects that it will continue to incur losses and generate negative cash flow
from operations for the foreseeable future as it continues to develop its
business. Since the Company has relatively low product gross margins, the
ability of the Company to generate and enhance profitability depends upon its
ability to substantially increase its net sales. To the extent that
significantly higher net sales do not result from the Company's marketing
efforts, the Company will be materially adversely affected. There can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to generate sufficient revenues from the
8
sale of CDS and other music-related products to achieve or maintain
profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.
For the quarter ended March 31, 1998 and the year ended December 31, 1997,
international sales accounted for approximately 21% and 29%, respectively, of
net sales. While the Company expects that net sales from international markets
will continue to represent a significant portion of net sales, the Company
believes that the percentage of its net sales from international markets may
decrease in future periods due to the substantial increase in the Company's
domestic marketing and advertising expenditures.
The Company's business started as a sole proprietorship in February 1994. The
Company, which was incorporated in April 1995, was taxed as an S-corporation
until December 6, 1996 and has been taxed as a C-corporation since such date.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following table sets forth statement of operations data as a percentage of
net sales for the periods indicated:
THREE MONTHS
ENDED
MARCH 31,
----------------
1998 1997
------- -------
Net Sales............................ 100.0% 100.0%
Cost of sales........................ 85.4 79.4
Gross profit....................... 14.6 20.6
------ ------
Operating Expenses:
Operating and development............ 10.8 12.4
Sales and marketing.................. 87.7 16.2
General and administrative........... 8.5 13.1
------ ------
Total operating expense.............. 107.0 41.7
------ ------
Operating loss....................... (92.4) (21.1)
Interest income (expense), net....... 0.5 --
------ ------
Net loss............................. (91.9)% (21.1)%
====== ======
Beginning in 1998, the Company determined to include royalties paid on CD sales
in return for licensing of ratings, reviews and other information ("Information
Royalties") in operating and development expenses rather than in cost of sales,
as was previously the case. This change was made based on management's
determination that including Information Royalties in operating and development
expense was more consistent with the treatment of such expenses by retailers
generally. The financial information in this Form 10-Q related to the Company's
results of operations for periods prior to 1998 has been restated to reflect
this change. Information Royalties were $146,200, $225,737, $52,027, and $49,140
during the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997 and the three months ended
March 31, 1997 and 1998, respectively. There were no Information Royalties paid
in 1995. If Information Royalties were included in cost of sales, gross profit
margins would have been 14.9%, 16.2%, 18.6%, and 14.1% during the years ended
December 31, 1996 and 1997 and the three months ended March 31, 1997 and 1998,
respectively.
QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 1998 COMPARED TO THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 1997
Net Sales. Net sales primarily reflect the sales of CDS and related
merchandise, net of estimated returns, and include outbound shipping and
handling charges. Net sales increased by $7.4 million, or 288%, to $10.0
million for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 compared to $2.6 million for the
quarter ended March 31, 1997. Net sales increased by $2.1 million, or 26%,
compared to $7.9 million for the quarter ended December 31, 1997. The increase
from prior periods is attributable to continued growth of the Company's customer
base and repeat purchases from existing customers. Net sales were favorably
affected by increased advertising and promotional activities, including the
Company's Grammy
9
Awards promotion and March 1998 storewide sale, as well as the continued
implementation of its strategic alliances. In the quarter ended March 31, 1998,
the Company added approximately 135,000 new customers, bringing the total number
of customers since inception to 432,000 from 296,000 and 113,000 at December 31,
1997 and March 31, 1997, respectively. International sales represented 21% and
35% of net sales for the quarters ended March 31, 1998 and March 31, 1997,
respectively. The Company believes that the decrease in international sales as a
percentage of net sales is due to a proportionally larger increase in domestic
sales resulting from the substantial increase in domestic marketing and
advertising expenditures. Nevertheless, international sales increased to $2.1
million for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 from $2.0 million and $914,000 in
the quarters ended December 31, 1997 and March 31, 1997, respectively.
Cost of sales. Cost of sales consists primarily of the cost of merchandise sold
to customers, including product fulfillment and outbound shipping and handling.
Cost of sales also includes fees charged by credit card processors. Cost of
sales increased by $6.5 million, or 317%, to $8.6 million for the quarter ended
March 31, 1998 compared to $2.1 million for the quarter ended March 31, 1997.
Cost of sales increased by $1.8 million, or 27%, compared to $6.7 million for
the quarter ended December 31, 1997. The Company's gross profit margin
decreased to 14.6% for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 compared to 14.9% and
20.6% for the quarters ended December 31, 1997 and March 31, 1997, respectively.
The decline in gross margin was attributable to increased sales discounts
offered by the Company in connection with its Grammy Awards promotion and March
1998 storewide sale. The decrease also resulted from more aggressive pricing of
recent releases and popular titles.
Operating and Development Expense. Operating and development expense consists
primarily of payroll and related expenses for store management, design,
development and network operations personnel, systems and telecommunications,
infrastructure, and royalties paid by the Company on CD sales in return for
licensing of ratings, reviews, sound samples and other information. Store
development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Operating and development
expense increased by $759,000, or 236%, to $1.1 million for the quarter ended
March 31, 1998 compared to $322,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 1997.
Operating and development expense for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 remained
relatively constant compared to the quarter ended December 31, 1997. This
increase, as compared to the quarter ended March 31, 1997, is attributable to
increased staffing and associated cost related to enhancing the features and
functionality of the Company's Web site and transaction-processing systems, as
well as increased investment in store content, systems and telecommunications
infrastructure. As a percentage of net sales, operating and development expense
decreased to 10.8% for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 compared to 13.9% and
12.4% for the quarters ended December 31, 1997 and March 31, 1997, respectively,
as operating and development expenses were spread over a larger revenue base.
Sales and Marketing Expense. Sales and marketing expense consists primarily of
payments related to advertising, promotion and strategic alliances as well as
payroll and related expenses for personnel engaged in marketing, selling and
customer service activities. Sales and marketing expense increased by $8.4
million to $8.8 million for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 compared to
$417,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 1997. Sales and marketing expense
increased by $3.0 million, or 52%, compared to $5.8 million for the quarter
ended December 31, 1997. As a percentage of net sales, sales and marketing
expense grew to 87.7% for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 compared to 73.0% and
16.2% for the quarters ended December 31, 1997 and March 31, 1997, respectively.
This increase in both absolute dollars and as a percentage of net sales was
primarily attributable to increased online and traditional advertising,
including advertising costs incurred in connection with the Company's Grammy
Awards and American Music Awards promotions, costs associated with the Company's
strategic alliances, and promotional and public relations expenditures. The
Company increased its advertising expense to $7.3 million for the quarter ended
March 31, 1998 compared to $4.7 million and $132,000 for the quarters ended
December 31, 1997 and March 31, 1997, respectively. In addition, the Company
incurred increased staffing and related costs in connection with the
implementation of its marketing strategy and customer service activities
necessary to support its increased customer base. The Company expects the
dollar amount of sales and marketing expense generally, and advertising expense
in particular, to continue to increase significantly in future periods. While
the Company is hopeful that its net sales will also increase in future periods
so that its sales and marketing expense will not continue to represent an
increasing percentage of net sales, the Company is not able to predict whether
its net sales will increase by a sufficient amount for this to occur. No
assurance can be given that the Company will achieve increased net sales or that
sales and marketing expense will not continue to increase
10
as a percentage of net sales.
General and Administrative Expense. General and administrative expense consists
of payroll and related expenses for executive, accounting and administrative
personnel, insurance, professional fees and other general corporate expenses.
General and administrative expense increased by $511,000 or 151%, to $850,000
for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 compared to $339,000 for the quarter ended
March 31, 1997 and increased by $163,000, or 24%, compared to $687,000 for the
quarter ended December 31, 1997. The increase in general and administrative
expense was primarily due to the hiring of additional personnel and increases in
professional fees, as well as the costs associated with becoming a public
company. As a percentage of net sales, general and administrative expense
decreased to 8.5% for the quarter ended March 31, 1998 compared to 8.6% and
13.1% for the quarters ended December 31, 1997 and March 31, 1997, respectively,
as the Company's fixed costs were spread over a larger revenue base.
Net Loss. The Company's net loss was $9.2 million for the quarter ended March
31, 1998, an increase of $8.7 million and $2.6 million compared to net losses of
$544,000 and $6.6 million for the quarters ended March 31, 1997 and December 31,
1997, respectively.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
At March 31, 1998 the Company's cash and cash equivalents were $60.5 million
compared to $729,000 at March 31, 1997. In February 1998, the Company
consummated its initial public offering, selling an aggregate of 4,561,250
shares of Common Stock and raising net proceeds of approximately $67.0 million.
Prior to February 1998, the Company primarily financed its operations through
private sales of capital stock (which, through December 31, 1997, totaled $10.5
million, including $9.3 million raised in July and August of 1997), the private
sale of $5.8 million of the Series A Notes in November 1997, internally-
generated cash flow, advances from related parties and certain other short-term
loans.
Net cash used in operating activities of $11.7 million for the quarter ended
March 31, 1998 was primarily attributable to a net loss of $9.2 million, a
decrease of $3.1 million in accounts payable an increase of $332,000 in accounts
receivable and depreciation and amortization of $517,000. For the quarter ended
March 31, 1997, cash used in operating activities of $272,000 resulted primarily
from a net loss of $544,000 largely offset by increases in accounts payable and
other accrued expenses.
Net cash provided by investing activities was $289,000 for the quarter ended
March 31, 1998, and consisted of the sale of short-term investments of $1.0
million and purchases of equipment of $714,000. Net cash used in investing
activities of $29,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 1997 was attributable to
purchases of equipment of $248,000 partially offset by sales and maturities of
short-term investments of $219,000.
Net cash provided by financing activities of $61.2 million for the three
months ended March 31, 1998 consisted of net proceeds of approximately $67.1
million from the Company's initial public offering offset by the retirement of
$5.8 million of the Company's Series A Notes.
On March 26, 1998, the Company entered into a three-year inking Agreement with
Lycos (the "Lycos Agreement"). The Company is required to pay Lycos $4.5
million, $5.5 million and $6.5 million in fixed fees during the first, second
and third years, respectively, of the Lycos Agreement. The Company is also
required to pay Lycos certain variable fees based on the number of new customers
that access, and new Cosmic Credit sites that are enrolled, through links with
11
the Lycos and Tripod Web sites. In addition, the Company is obligated to issue
61,665 shares of Common Stock to Lycos.
On April 2, 1998, the Company entered into a three-year linking agreement with
Lycos Bertelsmann (the "Lycos Bertelsmann Agreement"). The Company is required
to pay Lycos Bertelsmann $1.4 million, $1.9 million and $2.2 million in fixed
fees during the first, second and third years, respectively, of the Lycos
Bertelsmann Agreement. The Company is also required to pay Lycos Bertelsmann
certain variable fees based on the number of new customers acquired, and new
Cosmic Credit sites enrolled, through links with the Lycos Bertelsmann Web
sites.
The Company is required to pay aggregate minimum fixed fees of $6.4 million,
$2.9 million, $2.4 million and $766,000 during the remaining nine months of
1998 and the years ending December 31, 1999, 2000, and 2001 respectively, under
the Company's other strategic alliances.
The Company expects to fund its future payment obligations under its strategic
alliances from its cash and cash equivalents, including a portion of the net
proceeds from the Offering. See "Use of Proceeds" and "Business--Marketing and
Promotion."
As of March 31, 1998, the Company had $60.5 million of cash and cash
equivalents. As of that date, the Company's principal commitments consisted of
obligations under its strategic alliances as well as obligations outstanding
under capital and operating leases. Although the Company has no material
commitments for capital expenditures, it anticipates substantial increases in
its capital expenditures and lease commitments consistent with anticipated
growth in operations, infrastructure and personnel.
12
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
None
ITEM 2. CHANGES IN SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
(c) On March 26, 1998, the Company became obligated to issue 61,665 shares of
Common Stock to an accredited investor as a partial inducement to enter into a
strategic alliance with the Company. The Company believes that this transaction
was exempt from registration under Section 4(2) of the Act because the subject
securities were sold to an accredited investor which was purchasing for
investment without a view to further distribution.
(d) On February 13, 1998, the Company consummated its initial public offering
(the "Offering") of its common stock, no par value (the "Common Stock"). The
registration statement relating to this offering (File No. 333-41241) was
declared effective on February 9, 1998. BT Alex. Brown and Nations Banc
Montgomery Securities LLC were the managing underwriters of the Offering. The
Offering terminated on March 4, 1998 upon the consummation of the sale of all of
shares subject to the underwriters' over-allotment option. The number of shares
registered, the aggregate price of the offering amount registered, the amount
sold and the aggregate offering price of the amount sold by the Company and
certain shareholders of the Company in the Offering were as follows:
Shares Aggregate Aggregate
Registered Price Registered Amount Sold Price Sold
---------- ---------------- ----------- ----------
The Company 4,561,250 $72,980,000 4,561,250 $72,980,000
The Selling Shareholders 153,750 2,460,000 153,750 2,460,000
The Company incurred the following expenses with respect to the Offering during
the period February 13, 1998 through March 31, 1998, none which were direct or
indirect payments to directors, officers, general partners of the Company or
their associates or to persons owning 10% or more of any class of equity
securities of the Company or to affiliates of the Company:
Underwriting
Discounts Underwriter's
and Commissions Finders' Fees Expenses Other Expenses Total Expenses
- ----------------- ------------- ------------- -------------- --------------
$5,108,600 $0 $0 $703,538 $5,812,138
The net offering proceeds to the Company after deducting the foregoing
discounts, commissions, fees and expenses were $67,077,862. An estimate of how
these proceeds were used by the Company during the period February 9, 1998
through March 31, 1998 is as follows:
Construction of plant, building and facilities $ 0
Purchase and installation of machinery and equipment 260,000
Purchases of real estate --
13
Acquisition of other businesses $ 0
Repayment of indebtedness 5,775,500
Online and Traditional Advertising 3,372,645
Strategic Alliances 300,000
Working capital 1,307,355
Temporary investments (money market account) 56,152,362
None of the foregoing expenses constituted direct or indirect payments to
directors, officers, general partners of the Company or their associates or to
persons owning 10% or more of any class of equity securities of the Company or
to affiliates of the Company
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
Lycos Agreement. On March 26, 1998, the Company entered into a three-year
linking agreement with Lycos, Inc. (the "Lycos Agreement"), under which the
Company has been designated as the exclusive retail music store retailer for the
Lycos and Tripod Web sites, and has been granted the exclusive right to sponsor
targeted links, relevant content and promotions throughout the Lycos and Tripod
Web sites. The Company is required to pay Lycos $4,500,000, $5,500,000 and
$6,500,000 in fixed fees during the first, second and third years, respectively,
of the Lycos Agreement. The Company is also required to pay Lycos certain
variable fees based on the number of new customers that access, and new Cosmic
Credit sties that are enrolled, through links with the Lycos and Tripod Web
sites. In addition, the Company has committed to issue 61,665 shares of common
stock to Lycos.
Lycos Bertelsmann Agreement. On April 2, 1998, the Company entered into a
three-year linking agreement with Lycos Bertelsmann GMBH & Co. KG (the "Lycos
Bertelsmann Agreement"), under which the Company has been designated as the
exclusive music retailer on for Lycos Bertelsmann's Web services in various
European countries and has been granted the exclusive right to sponsor targeted
links, advertising banners, specific keywords and relevant content on the Lycos
Bertelsmann sites. The Company has agreed to pay Lycos Bertelsmann $1,420,000,
$1,880,000 and $2,200,000 in fixed fees during the first, second and third
years, respectively, of the contract term. The Company is also required to pay
Lycos Bertelsmann certain variable fees based on the number of new customers
that access, and new Cosmic Credit sties that are enrolled, through links with
the Lycos Bertelsmann Web sites. In addition, the Company was granted a right-
of-first-refusal regarding any opportunities which Lycos Bertelsmann offers to
any other entity which principally sells music products. The Lycos Bertelsmann
Agreement requires Lycos Bertelsmann to deliver a minimum number of page views
during each year of the term.
Rolling Stone Network. The Company and Rolling Stone Network have entered into
an agreement under which the Company has been designated the exclusive World
Wide Web-based music retailer that may use the Rolling Stone brand name in
conjunction with the display of cover art and excerpts of feature stories,
record reviews, artist biographies and music news from current and past editions
of Rolling Stone magazine. In addition, the Company will be the exclusive
online music retailer on the JAMtv and Rolling Stone Network Web sites with the
exclusive right to sponsor targeted links, relevant content and promotions.
The Rolling Stone Agreement also requires the delivery of a minimum number of
page view on the JAMtv and Rolling Stone Network Web sites during each year of
the agreement. The Company has also agreed to purchase targeted print, radio
broadcast and other promotional advertising from JAMtv and Straight Arrow, the
publisher of Rolling Stone magazine.
14
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
Exhibit
Number Description
- ------- -----------
3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company.#
3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant.#
3.3 Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant#
10.1 Amendment 1998-1 to the CDnow, Inc. 1996 Equity Compensation Plan.#
10.2 + Linking Agreement dated April 2, 1998 between the Registrant and Lycos Bertelsmann
GMBH & Co. KG**
10.3 + Linking Agreement dated March 26, 1998 between the Registrant and Lycos, Inc.**
10.4 + Linking, Content Licensing and Advertising Agreement dated April 8, 1998 by and among
the Registrant, JAMtv Corporation and Straight Arrow Publishers.**
11.1 Statement re: Computation of Per Share Earnings.**
27.1 Financial Data Schedule.**
____________________
** Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-
1 (File No. 333 - 52367).
# Incorporated by reference to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-
1 (File No. 333-41241)
+ Portions of this Exhibit were omitted and filed separately with the
Secretary of the Commission pursuant to an application for confidential
treatment filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 406 under the
Securities Act.
15
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
CDNOW, INC.
(REGISTRANT)
DATE: MAY 15, 1998 /S/ Jason Olim
-----------------------------------
JASON OLIM
CHAIRMAN, PRESIDENT &
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
/S/ JOEL SUSSMAN
-----------------------------------
JOEL SUSSMAN
VICE PRESIDENT AND
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
/S/ JOEL SUSSMAN
JOEL SUSSMAN
VICE PRESIDENT AND
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
16