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Exhibit 3.16
PLANET SPICE, INC.
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B Y - L A W S
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ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1. The registered office shall be in the City of Wilmington,
County of New Castle, State of Delaware.
Section 2. The Corporation may also have offices at such other places
both within and without the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors may,
from time to time, determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. All meetings of the stockholders for the election of
directors shall be held at such place as may be fixed from time to time by the
Board of Directors, or at such other place either within or without the State of
Delaware as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors and
stated in the notice of the meeting. Meetings of the stockholders for any other
purpose may be held at such time and place, within or without the State of
Delaware, as shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed
waiver of notice thereof.
Section 2. Annual meetings of the stockholders, commencing with the
year 2001, shall be held on May 1st, if not a legal holiday, and if a legal
holiday, then on the next secular day following, or at such other date and time
as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of
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Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting, at which they shall elect by
a plurality vote a Board of Directors, and transact such other business as may
properly be brought before the meeting.
Section 3. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the
corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of
stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the
meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each
stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder.
Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose
germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least
ten days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the
meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the
meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held.
The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting
during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is
present.
Section 4. Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose or
purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the Certificate of
Incorporation, may be called by the President and shall be called by the
President or Secretary at the request in writing of a majority of the Board of
Directors, or at the request in writing of stockholders owning a majority in
amount of the entire capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and
entitled to vote. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the
proposed meeting.
Section 5. Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take any
action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given, which
notice shall state the place, date and hour of the meeting, and, in the case of
a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. The
written notice of any meeting shall be given to each stockholder entitled to
vote at any such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty (60) days before
the date of the meeting. If mailed, notice is given when deposited in the United
States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at his address as it
appears on the records of the Corporation.
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Section 6. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders
shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.
Section 7. The holders of a majority of the stock issued and
outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by
proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the
transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by the
Certificate of Incorporation. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or
represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to
vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to
adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at
the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented. At such adjourned
meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be
transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally
notified.
Section 8. When a quorum is present at any meeting, the vote of the
holders of a majority of the stock having voting power present in person or
represented by proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting,
unless the question is one upon which by express provision of the statutes or of
the Certificate of Incorporation, a different vote is required in which case
such express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question.
Section 9. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of
Incorporation each stockholder shall at every meeting of the stockholders be
entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of capital stock
having voting power held by such stockholder, but no proxy shall be valid unless
it provides that it may only be voted on at a specific meeting of stockholders
or any adjournment or adjournments thereof.
Section 10. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of
Incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting
of stockholders of the Corporation, or any action which may be taken at any
annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting,
without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing,
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setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding
stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary
to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to
vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the
corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall
be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
Section 1. The number of directors which shall constitute the whole
board shall be such number, not less than one nor more than four, as may be
determined from time to time by resolution duly adopted by the Board of
Directors. The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the
stockholders, except as provided in Section 2 of this Article, and each director
elected shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified.
Directors need not be stockholders.
Section 2. Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from
any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority
of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole
remaining director, and the directors so chosen shall hold office until the next
annual election and until their successors are duly elected and shall qualify,
unless sooner displaced.
Section 3. The business of the Corporation shall be managed by, or
under the direction of, its Board of Directors which may exercise all such
powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by
statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these By-laws directed or
required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.
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Section 4. Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of
Incorporation or by law, any director or the entire Board of Directors may be
removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of shares then
entitled to vote at an election of directors.
MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Section 5. The Board of Directors of the Corporation may hold
meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of
Delaware.
Section 6. The first meeting of each newly elected Board of Directors
shall be held without other notice than this bylaw, immediately after, and at
the same place, as the annual meeting of stockholders.
Section 7. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held
without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be
determined by the Board.
Section 8. Special meetings of the Board may be called by the
President on twenty-four (24) hours' notice to each director, either personally
or by mail or by facsimile communication; special meetings shall be called by
the President or Secretary in like manner and on like notice on the written
request of two directors.
Section 9. At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the number of
directors who have been elected and are then serving in such capacity, but in no
event less than one-third (1/3) of the total number of authorized directors,
shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a
majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum
shall be the act of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise
specifically provided by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation.
If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of
Directors, the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to
time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum
shall be present.
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Section 10. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of
Incorporation or these By-laws, any action required or permitted to be taken at
any meeting of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken
without a meeting, if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be,
consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the
minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee.
Section 11. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of
Incorporation or these By-laws, members of the Board of Directors, or any
committee thereof, may participate in a meeting, by means of conference via
telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons
participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a
meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.
COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS
Section 12. The Board of Directors may, by resolutions passed by a
majority of the whole Board, designated one or more committees, each committee
to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation, which, to the
extent provided in the resolution and permitted by law, shall have and may
exercise the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business
and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the corporation to
be affixed to all papers which may require it. Such committee or committees
shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by
resolution adopted by the Board of Directors.
Section 13. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its meetings
and report the same to the Board of Directors when required.
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COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Section 14. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of
Incorporation or these By-laws, the Board of Directors shall have the authority
to fix the compensation of directors. The directors may be paid their expenses,
if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors and may be paid
a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors or a stated
salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the
Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members
of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for attending
committee meetings.
REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS
Section 15. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of
Incorporation or By-law, any director or the entire Board of Directors may be
removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of shares entitled
to one vote at an election of directors.
ARTICLE IV
NOTICES
Section 1. Notice to directors and stockholders shall be in writing
and delivered personally or mailed to the directors or stockholders at their
addresses appearing on the books of the Corporation. Notice by mail shall be
deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be mailed. Notice to
directors may also be given by telegram or facsimile.
Section 2. Whenever any notice is required to be given under the
provisions of the statutes or of the Certificate of Incorporation or of these
By-laws, a waiver thereof in writing,
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signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, whether before or after
the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 1. The officers of the Corporation shall be chosen by the
Board of Directors and shall be a President, a Vice-President, a Secretary and a
Treasurer. The Board of Directors may also choose additional Vice-Presidents,
and one or more Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers. Any number of
offices may be held by the same person, unless the Certificate of Incorporation
or these By-laws otherwise provide.
Section 2. The Board of Directors at its first meeting after each
annual meeting of stockholders shall choose a President, one or more
Vice-Presidents, a Secretary and a Treasurer, and may choose one or more
additional Vice-Presidents and one or more Assistant Secretaries and one or more
Assistant Treasurers.
Section 3. The Board of Directors may appoint such other officers and
agents as it shall deem necessary who shall hold their offices for such terms
and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined
from time to time by the Board.
Section 4. The Board of Directors shall be responsible for
establishing the compensation and employee benefit policies and programs of the
Corporation.
Section 5. The officers of the Corporation shall hold office until
their successors are chosen and qualified. Any officer elected or appointed by
the Board of Directors may be removed at any time by the affirmative vote of a
majority of the Board of Directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the
corporation shall be filled by the Board of Directors.
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THE PRESIDENT
Section 6. The President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the
Corporation, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of
Directors, shall have general active management of the business of the
Corporation and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of
Directors are carried into effect.
Section 7. He shall execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts
requiring a seal, under the seal of the Corporation, except where required or
permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the
signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of
Directors to some other officer or agent of the Corporation.
THE VICE-PRESIDENTS
Section 8. In the election of officers, the Board of Directors may
designate one of the Vice-Presidents as Senior Vice President. In the absence or
inability or refusal to act of the President, the duties of such office shall be
performed by one of the Vice-Presidents, acting singly in the following order in
the absence or inability or refusal to act of their respective designated
predecessors:
(a) The Executive Vice-President, if any;
(b) The Senior Vice-Presidents, if any, in the order designated
by the Board of Directors or, in the absence of any designation, then in
the order of their election;
(c) All other Vice-Presidents in the order designated by the
Board of Directors or, in the absence of any designation, then in the
order of their election.
Each Vice-President, when performing the duties of the President, shall
have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the
President. Each Vice-President may sign, with the Secretary or an Assistant
Secretary, certificates for shares of the Corporation and shall
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perform such other duties as may be assigned to him from time to time by the
President or by the Board of Directors.
THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES
Section 9. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of
Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings of
the meetings of the Corporation and of the Board of Directors in a book to be
kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees
when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of
the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall
perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or
President, under whose supervision he shall be. He shall have custody of the
corporate seal of the Corporation and he, or an Assistant Secretary, shall have
authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed,
it may be attested by his signature or by the signature of such Assistant
Secretary. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other
officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by his
signature.
Section 10. The Assistant Secretary, or if there be more than one, the
Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board of Directors (or if
there be no such determination, then in the order of their election) shall, in
the absence of the Secretary or in the event of his inability or refusal to act,
perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall perform
such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors may from
time to time prescribe.
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THE TREASURER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS
Section 11. The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds
and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and
disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all monies
and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in
such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors.
Section 12. He shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be
ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such
disbursements, and shall render to the President and the Board of Directors, at
its regular meetings, or when the Board of Directors so requires, an account of
all his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the
Corporation.
Section 13. If required by the Board of Directors, he shall give the
Corporation a bond (which shall be renewed every six years) in such sum and with
such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for
the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to
the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from
office, of all books, papers, vouchers, monies and other property of whatever
kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation.
Section 14. The Assistant Treasurer, or if there shall be more than
one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board of Directors
(or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election)
shall, in the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of his inability or
refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer and
shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of
Directors may from time to time prescribe.
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ARTICLE VI
CERTFICATES FOR SHARES
Section 1. Every holder of stock in the Corporation shall be entitled
to have a certificate, signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, the
Chairman of the Board of Directors, the President or Vice-President, and by the
Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary of the Corporation,
certifying the number of shares represented by such certificate owned by him in
the Corporation.
Section 2. Any or all the signatures on a certificate may be
facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who have signed or
whose facsimile signature or signatures have been placed upon a certificate
shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such
certificate or certificates is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with
the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the
date of issue.
LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES
Section 3. The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or
certificates or uncertificated shares to be issued in place of any certificate
or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost,
stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person
claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When
authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates or uncertificated
shares, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition
precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or
destroyed certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to advertise
the same in such manner as it shall require and/or to give the Corporation a
bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be
made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have
been lost, stolen or destroyed.
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TRANSFER OF STOCK
Section 4. Upon surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent of
the Corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by
proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be
the duty of the Corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled
thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.
Section 5. In order that the Corporation may determine the
stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or
any adjournment thereof, or entitled to express consent to corporate action in
writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or
other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any
rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the
purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance,
a record date, which shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10)
days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty (60) days prior to any
other action. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or
to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the
meeting: provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record
date for the adjourned meeting.
REGISTERED STOCKHOLDER
Section 6. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the
exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to
receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and
assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall
not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such
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share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have
express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of
Delaware.
ARTICLE VII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
DIVIDENDS
Section 1. Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation,
subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be
declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting, pursuant
to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the capital
stock, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.
Section 2. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out
of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the
directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a
reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for
repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for such other
purpose as the directors shall think conducive to the interest of the
Corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the
manner in which it was created.
CHECKS
Section 3. All checks or demands for money and notes of the
Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or
persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.
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FISCAL YEAR
Section 4. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be the twelve
consecutive months commencing each January 1st and ending each following
December 31st or as may be otherwise fixed by resolution of the Board of
Directors.
SEAL
Section 5. The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of
the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words "Corporate Seal,
Delaware". The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be
impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS
AND OFFICERS
Section 6.
(a) RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION. Each person who was or is made a
party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any
action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative (hereinafter a "Proceeding"), by reason of the fact that he
or she, or a person of whom he or she is the legal representative, is or
was a director or officer of the Corporation as a director, officer,
employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to
employee benefit plans, whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged
action in an official capacity as a director, officer, employee or agent
or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, employee
or agent,
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shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest
extent authorized by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same
exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such
amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation
to provide broader indemnification rights than said law permitted the
Corporation to provide prior to such amendment) against all expense,
liability and loss (including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, ERISA
excise taxes or penalties and amount paid to be paid in settlement)
reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith
and such indemnification shall continue as to a person who has ceased to
be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit
of his or her heirs, executors and administrators; provided, however,
that except as provided in Paragraph (b) hereof, the Corporation shall
indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a
proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person only if such
proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors of
the Corporation. The right to indemnification conferred in this section
shall be contract right and shall include the right to be paid by the
Corporation the expenses incurred in defending any such proceeding in
advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that if the Delaware
General Corporation Law requires, the payment of such expenses incurred
by a director or officer in his other capacity as a director or officer
(and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by
such person while a director or officer including, without limitation,
service to an employee benefit plan) in advance of the final disposition
of a proceeding, shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of
an undertaking, by or on behalf of such director or officer, to repay all
amounts so advance if it shall ultimately be determined that such
director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified under this Section
or otherwise.
(b) RIGHT TO CLAIMANT TO BRING SUIT. If a claim under Paragraph
(a) of this Section is not paid in full by the Corporation within ninety
(90) days after a written claim
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has been received by the Corporation, the claimant may at any time
thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid
amount of the claim and, if successful in whole or in part, the claimant
shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting such claim.
It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to
enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in
advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking, if any
is required, has been tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has
not met the standards of conduct which make it permissible under the
Delaware General Corporation Law for the Corporation to indemnify the
claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense
shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation
(including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its
stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of
such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the
circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of
conduct set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law, nor an actual
determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors,
independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) that the claimant has not
met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be defense to the action
or create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable
standard of conduct.
(c) NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS. The right to indemnification and
payment of expenses incurred in defending a proceeding in advance of its
final disposition conferred in this section shall not be exclusive of any
other right which any person may have or hereafter acquired under any
statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaw, agreement,
vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise.
(d) INSURANCE. The Corporation may maintain insurance, at its
expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent
of the Corporation or another
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corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise
against any such expense, liability or loss, whether or not the
Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such
expense, liability or loss under the Delaware General Corporation Law.
ARTICLE VIII
AMENDMENTS
Section 1. These By-laws may be altered, amended or repealed or new
By-laws may be adopted by the stockholders or by the Board of Directors, when
such power is conferred upon the Board of Directors by the Certificate of
Incorporation at any regular meeting of the stockholders or of the Board of
Directors or at any special meting of the stockholders or of the Board of
Directors if notice of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new
By-laws be contained in the notice of such special meeting. If the power to
adopt, amend or repeal By-laws is conferred upon the Board of Directors by the
Certificate of Incorporation it shall not divest or limit the power of the
stockholders to adopt, amend or repeal By-laws.
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