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Exhibit 3.86
IMPULSE PRODUCTIONS, INC.
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BYLAWS
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ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1. The principal office shall be in the City of
Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware.
Section 2. The corporation may also have offices at such other
places both within and without the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors
may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS
Section 1. Meetings of the stockholders, commencing with the year
1990, shall be held at such place, either within or without the State of
Delaware, as may be fixed from time to time, by the Board of Directors, and as
shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of
notice thereof.
Section 2. Annual meetings of stockholders, commencing with the
year 1990, shall be held on the second Saturday of November, if not a legal
holiday, and if a legal holiday, then the next secular day following, at which
meetings they shall elect by a plurality
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vote of Board of Directors, and transact such other business as may properly be
brought before the meeting.
Section 3. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the
Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every election of
directors, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at said
election, arranged in alphabetical order, showing the address of and the number
of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to
the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting,
during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the
election, either at a place within the city, town or village where the election
is to be held and which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting,
or, if not specified, at the place where said meeting is to be held, and the
list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of election during the
whole time thereof, and subject to the inspection of any stockholder, for any
purpose germane to the meeting, who may be present.
Section 4. Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose
or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the Certificate of
Incorporation, may be called by the President and shall be called by the
President or Secretary at the request in writing of a majority of the Board of
Directors, or at the request in writing of stockholders owning a majority in
amount of the entire capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and
entitled to vote. Such request shall state the purpose or purposes of the
proposed meeting.
Section 5. Whenever stockholders are required or permitted to take
any action at a meeting, a written notice of the meeting shall be given, which
notice shall state the place, date and hour of the meeting, and, in the case of
a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the Meeting is called. The
written notice of any meeting shall be given to
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each stockholder entitled to vote at any such meeting not less than ten nor more
than sixty days before-the date of the meeting. If mailed, notice is given when
deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the
stockholder at his address as it appears on the records of the corporation.
Section 6. Business transacted at any special meeting of
stockholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.
Section 7. The holders of a majority of the stock issued and
outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by
proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the
transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by the
Certificate of Incorporation. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or
represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to
vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall have power to
adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at
the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented. At such adjourned
meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented any business may be
transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally
notified.
Section 8. When a quorum is present at any meeting, the vote of
the holders of a majority of the stock having voting power present in person or
represented by proxy shall decide any question. brought before such meeting,
except for the election of directors of the Corporation, unless the question is
one upon which by express provision of the statutes or of the Certificate of
Incorporation, a different vote is required in which case such express provision
shall govern and control the decision of such question. Each nominee for
director, in order to be elected at a meeting, must receive the vote of the
holders of a majority of the stock having power
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to vote in the election of the Board of Directors and present in person or
represented by proxy at such meeting.
Section 9. Each stockholder shall at every meeting of the
stockholders be entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of
capital stock having voting power held by such stockholder, but no proxy shall
be valid unless it provides that it may only be voted on at a specific meeting
of stockholders or any adjournment or adjournments thereof; except where the
transfer books of the Corporation have been closed or a date has been fixed as a
record date for the determination of its stockholders entitled to vote, no share
of stock shall be voted on at any election for directors which has been
transferred on the books of the Corporation within twenty days next preceding
such election for directors.
Section 10. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of
incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting
of stockholders of the Corporation, or any action which may be taken at any
annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken without a meeting,
without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing,
setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding
stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary
to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to
vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation by
delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business,
or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which
proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. Delivery made to the
Corporation's registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered
mail, return receipt requested. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate
action without a meeting by
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less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who
have not consented in writing.
ARTICLE III
DIRECTORS
Section 1. The number of directors which shall constitute the
whole Board shall be such number, not less than one nor more than four, as may
be determined from time to time by resolution duly adopted by the Board of
Directors. The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the
stockholders, except as provided in Section 2 of this Article, and each director
elected shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified.
Directors need not be stockholders.
Section 2. Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting
from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a
majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, and the
directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and until
their successors are duly elected and shall qualify, unless sooner displaced.
Section 3. The business of the Corporation shall be managed by its
Board of Directors which may exercise all such powers of the corporation and do
all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the Certificate of
Incorporation or by these Bylaws directed or required to be exercised or done by
the stockholders.
Section 4. Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of
Incorporation or by law, any director or the entire Board of Directors may be
removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of shares then
entitled to vote at an election of directors.
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MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Section 5. The Board of Directors of the Corporation may hold
meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of
Delaware.
Section 6. The first meeting of each newly elected Board of
Directors shall be held without other notice than this Bylaw, immediately after,
and at the same place, as the annual meeting of stockholders.
Section 7. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held
without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be
determined by the Board.
Section 8. Special meetings of the Board may be called by the
President on twenty-four hours' notice to each director, either personally, by
telegram or by facsimile, or on five days' notice by mail; special meetings
shall be called by the President or Secretary in like manner and on like notice
on the written request of two directors.
Section 9. At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the number
of directors who have been elected and are then serving in such capacity, but in
no event less than one-third of the total number of authorized directors, shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of
the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act
of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by
statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation.
If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of
Directors the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to
time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum
shall be present.
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Section 10. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of
Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at
any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken
without a meeting, if prior to such action a written consent thereto is signed
by all members of the Board or of such committee as the case may be, and such
written consent is filed with the minutes of proceeding of the Board or
committee.
Section 11. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of
Incorporation or these Bylaws, members of the Board of Directors or of any
committee thereof may participate in a meeting by means of conference telephone
or similar communications equipment by means of which all -persons participating
in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall
constitute presence in person at such meeting.
COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS
Section 12. The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a
majority of the whole Board, designate one or more committees, each committee to
consist of two or more of the directors of the Corporation, which, to the extent
provided in the resolution and permitted by law, shall have and may exercise the
powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs
of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed
to all papers which may require it. Such committee or committees shall have such
name or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by
the Board of Directors.
Section 13. Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its
meetings and report the same to the Board of Directors when required.
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COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS
Section 14. The directors may be paid. their expenses, if any, of
attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors and may be paid a fixed sum
for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors or a stated salary a
director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the
Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.- Members
of special or standing committees. may be allowed like compensation for
attending committee meetings.
ARTICLE IV
NOTICES
Section 1. Notice to directors and stockholders shall be in
writing and delivered personally or mailed to the directors or stockholders at
their addresses appearing on the books of the corporation. Notice by mail shall
be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be mailed. Notice to
directors may also be given by telegram or facsimile.
Section 2. Whenever any notice is required to be given under the
provisions of the statutes or of the Certificate of Incorporation or of these
Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to
said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed
equivalent thereto.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 1. The officers of the Corporation shall be chosen by the
Board of Directors and shall be a President, a Vice President, a Secretary and a
Treasurer. The Board of Directors may also choose additional Vice Presidents,
and one or more Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers. Two or more
offices may be held by the same person.
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Section 2. The Board of Directors at its first meeting after each
annual meeting of stockholders shall choose a President, a Vice President, a
Secretary and a Treasurer, and may choose one or more additional Vice Presidents
and one or more Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers.
Section 3. The Board of Directors may appoint such other officers
and agents as it shall deem necessary who shall hold their offices for such
terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be
determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.
Section 4. The Board of Directors shall be responsible for
establishing the compensation and employee benefit policies and programs of the
Corporation.
Section 5. The officers of the Corporation shall hold office until
their successors are chosen and qualified. Any officer elected or appointed by
the Board of Directors may be removed at any time by the affirmative vote of a
majority of the Board of Directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the
Corporation shall be filled by' the Board of Directors.
THE PRESIDENT
Section 6. The President shall be the chief executive officer of
the Corporation, shall have general and active management of the business and
officers of the Corporation, shall see that all orders and resolutions of the
Board of Directors are carried into effect and shall have the general powers and
duties of management usually vested in the chief executive officer of
corporations.
THE VICE PRESIDENTS
Section 7. In the election of officers, the Board of Directors may
designate one of the Vice Presidents as an Executive Vice President-and one or
more of the Vice
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Presidents as a Senior Vice President. In the absence or inability or refusal to
act of the President, the duties of such office shall be performed by one of the
Vice Presidents, acting singly in the following order in the absence or
inability or refusal to act of their respective designated predecessors:
(a) The Executive Vice President, if any;
(b) The Senior Vice Presidents, if any, in the order designated
by the Board of Directors or, in the absence of any designation, then
in the order of their election;
(c) All other Vice Presidents in the order designated by the
Board of Directors or, in the absence of any designation, then in the
order of their election. Each Vice President when performing the
duties of the President shall have all the powers of and be subject to
all the restrictions upon the President. Each Vice President may sign,
with the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, certificates for shares
of the Corporation and shall perform such other duties as may be
assigned to him from time to time by the President or by the Board of
Directors.
THE SECRETARY-AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES
Section 8. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of
Directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings of
the meetings of the Corporation and of the Board of Directors in a book to be
kept for the purpose and shall perform like duties for the standing committees
when required. He shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of
the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall
perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or
President, under whose supervision he shall be. He shall have custody of the
corporate seal of the
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Corporation and he, or an Assistant Secretary, shall have authority to affix the
same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by
his signature or by the signature of such Assistant Secretary. The Board of
Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of
the Corporation and to attest the affixing by his signature.
Section 9. The Assistant Secretary, or if there be more than one,
the Assistant Secretaries in the order determined by the Board of Directors,
shall, in the absence or disability of the Secretary, perform the duties and
exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall perform such other duties and
have such other powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time
prescribe.
THE TREASURER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS
Section 10. The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate
funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and
disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all monies
and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in
such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors.
Section 11. He shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may
be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such
disbursements, and shall render to the President and the Board of Directors, at
its regular meetings, or when the Board of Directors so requires, an account of
all his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the
Corporation.
Section 12. If required by the Board of Directors, he shall give
the Corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be
satisfactory to the Board of Directors for the faithful performance of the
duties of his office and for the restoration
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to the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal
from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of
whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the
Corporation.
Section 13. The Assistant Treasurer, or if there shall be more than
one, the Assistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board of Directors,
shall, in the absence or disability of the Treasurer, perform the duties and
exercise the powers of the Treasurer and shall perform such other duties and
have such other. powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time
prescribe.
ARTICLE VI
CERTIFICATES OF STOCK
Section 1. Every holder of stock in the Corporation shall be
entitled to have a certificate, signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by,
the President or Vice President, and by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer,
or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, certifying the
number of shares represented by such certificate owned by him in the
corporation.
Section 2. The signatures on any stock certificate of any such
President, Vice President, Treasurer, Assistant Treasurer, Secretary or
Assistant Secretary may be facsimile. In case any officer or officers who have
signed, or whose facsimile signature or signatures have been used on, any such
certificate or certificates shall cease to be such officer or officers of the
Corporation, whether because of death, resignation or otherwise, before such
certificate or certificates have been delivered by the Corporation, such
certificate or certificates may nevertheless be adopted by the Corporation and
be issued and delivered as though the person or persons who signed such
certificate or certificates or whose facsimile signature or
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signatures have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer or officers
of the Corporation.
LOST, STOLEN OR DESTROYED CERTIFICATES
Section 3. The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or
certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates
theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or
destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming
the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such
issue of a new certificate or certificates, the Board of Directors may, in its
discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the
owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his
legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as it shall require
and/or to give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity
against" any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the
certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.
TRANSFERS OF STOCK
Section 4. Upon surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent
I of the Corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or accompanied by
proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it shall be
the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled
thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books.
CLOSING OF TRANSFER BOOKS; RECORD DATE
Section 5. The Board of Directors may fix in advance a date, not
exceeding sixty days or less than ten days preceding the date of any meeting of
stockholders, or the date for the payment of any dividend, or the date for the
allotment of rights, or the date when
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any change or conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go into effect, or a
date in connection with obtaining such consent, as a record date for the
determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any
such meeting, and any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of
such dividend, or to any such allotment of rights, or to exercise the rights in
respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of capital stock shall go
into effect, or a date in connection with obtaining such consent, as a record
date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to notice of, and to
vote at, any such meeting, and any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive
payment of such dividend, or to any such allotment of rights, or to exercise the
rights in respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of capital stock,
or to give such consent, and in such case such stockholders and only such
stockholders as shall be stockholders of record on the date so fixed shall be
entitled to such notice of, and to vote at, such meeting and any adjournment
thereof, or to receive payment of such dividend, or to receive such allotment of
rights, or to exercise such rights, or to give such consent, as the case may be,
notwithstanding any transfer of any stock on the books of the Corporation after
any such record date fixed as aforesaid.
REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS
Section 6. The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the
exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to
receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and
assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall
not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such
share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have
express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of
Delaware.
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ARTICLE VII
GENERAL PROVISIONS DIVIDENDS
Section 1. Dividends upon the capital stock of the Corporation,
subject to the provisions of the- Certificate of Incorporation, if any, may be
declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting, pursuant
to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of capital
stock, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.
Section 2. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside
out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as
the directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a
reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for
repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for such other
purpose as the directors shall think conducive to the interest of the
Corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the
manner in which it was created.
CHECKS
Section 3. All checks or demands for money and notes of the
Corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or
persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate.
Section 4. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed by
resolution of the Board of Directors.
SEAL
Section 5. The corporate seal shall be circular in form with the
name "IMPULSE PRODUCTIONS, INC. " at top, "Delaware" at the bottom and the words
"Corporate Seal" in the center. Pursuant to the General Corporation Law of
Delaware, the Corporation may
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use such seal by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed,
or reproduced, or otherwise, and which corporate seal may be altered at
pleasure.
INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS-AND OFFICERS
Section 6.
(a) RIGHT TO INDEMNIFICATION. Each person who was or is made a
party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any
action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative (hereinafter a "proceeding"), by reason of the fact that
he or she, or a person of whom he or she is the legal representative,
is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or is or was
serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer,
employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint
venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to
employee benefit plans, whether the basis of such proceeding is
alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer,
employee or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a
director, officer, employee or agent, shall be indemnified and held
harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the
Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same exists or may hereafter
be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent
that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader
indemnification rights than said law permitted the Corporation to
provide prior to such amendment) against all expense, liability and
loss (including attorneys' fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes
or penalties and amounts paid to be paid in settlement) reasonably
incurred or suffered by such person in connection therewith and such
indemnification shall continue as to a person who
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has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall
inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and
administrators; provided, however, that except as provided in
Paragraph (b) hereof, the Corporation shall indemnify any such person
seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding (or part
thereof) initiated by such person only if such proceeding (or part
thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
The right to indemnification conferred in this section shall be a
contract right and shall include the right to be paid by the
Corporation the expenses incurred in defending any such proceeding in
advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that if the
Delaware General Corporation Law requires, the payment of such
expenses incurred by a director or officer in his or her capacity as a
director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service
was or is rendered by such person while a director or officer
including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) in
advance of the final disposition of a proceeding, shall be made only
upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of
such director or officer, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall
ultimately be determined that such director or officer is not entitled
to be indemnified under this Section or otherwise.
(b) RIGHT OF CLAIMANT TO BRING SUIT. If a claim under
Paragraph (a) of this Section is not paid in full by the Corporation
within ninety days after a written claim has been received by the
Corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter bring suit
against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and,
if successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall be
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entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting such claim. It
shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to
enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in
advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking, if
any is required, has been tendered to the Corporation) that the
claimant has not met the standards of conduct which make it
permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law for the
Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the
burden of proving such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither
the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors,
independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a
determination prior to the commencement of such action that
indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because
he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the
Delaware General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the
Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal
counsel, or its stockholders) that the claimant has not met such
applicable standard -of conduct, shall be a. defense to the action or
create a presumption that the: claimant has not met the applicable
standard of conduct.
(c) NON-EXCLUSIVITY OF RIGHTS. The right to
indemnification and payment of expenses incurred in defending
proceeding in advance of its final disposition conferred in this
section shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may
have or hereafter acquired under any statute, provision of the
Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders
or disinterested directors or otherwise.
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(d) INSURANCE. The Corporation may maintain insurance,
at its expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee
or agent of the Corporation or another corporation., partnership,
joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any such expense,
liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the
power' to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or
loss under the Delaware General Corporation Law.
ARTICLE VIII
AMENDMENTS
Section 1. These Bylaws may be altered or repealed at any regular
meeting of the stockholders or of the Board of Directors or at any special
meeting of the stockholders or of the Board- of Directors if notice of such
alteration or repeal be contained in the notice of such special meeting.
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