EX-3.(i)(dd)

                            ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                             BRILL NEWSPAPERS, INC.

      FIRST: The name of the corporation is Brill Newspapers, Inc.

      SECOND: The corporation is organized for the purpose of transacting any or
all lawful business, not required to be specifically stated herein, for which
corporations may be incorporated under Virginia law.

      THIRD: The corporation shall have the authority to issue up to 1,000
shares of Class A common stock of the par value of $1.00 each and up to 150
shares of Class B common stock of the par value of $1.00 each. Shares of Class A
common stock and Class B common stock shall be alike in all respects, provided
that holders of Class B com-mon stock shall have no right to vote with respect
to such stock except as may be required under Virginia law. No holder of shares
of either class of common stock or any other securities of the corrporation
shall be entitled to the pre-emptive right to subscribe to additional shares of
either class of common stock to warrants or rights for the purchase of such
shares or to securities convertible into such shares.

      FOURTH: The stated capital of the corporation may be reduced in any manner
provided by law without the assent of the stockholders of the corporation.

      FIFTH: The post office address of the initial registered office is 1200
Mutual Building, in the City of Richmond, and the 


initial registered agent at that address is Charles W. Laughlin, who is a
resident of the State of Virginia and a member of the Virginia State Bar.

      SIXTH: The number of directors shall not be less than the minimum number
prescribed by law and shall be fixed by the by-laws of the corporation. The
initial board of directors shall consist of the following directors whose names
and addresses are:

            NAME              ADDRESS
            ----              -------

      Alan R. Brill           1162 Woodberry Road
                              Charlottesville, Va. 22901

      Bonnie P. Brill         1162 Woodberry Road
                              Charlottesville, Va. 22901

      Charles W. Laughlin     6609 Three Chopt Road
                              Richmond, Va .23226

      SEVENTH: The corporation shall indemnify each director and officer against
liabilities (including judgments and fines and reasonable attorney's fees, costs
and expenses and reasonable amounts paid in settlement) incurred by him in
connection with any actual or threatened action, suit or proceeding, whether
civil, criminal, administrative, arbitrative or investigative (any of which is
hereinafter referred to as a "proceeding") to which he may be made a party by
reason of his being or having been a director or officer of the cor-poration,
except in relation to any proceeding in which he has been adjudged liable
because of willful misconduct, bad faith or gross negligence involved in the
conduct of his office or, in relation to any criminal proceeding, in which he
had 


reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful (any of which behavior is
hereinafter referred to as "misfeasance"), provided, however, that even if he is
guilty of misfeasance he shall be entitled to such indemnification as shall be
finally ordered by a court. In the event of the disposition of any proceeding in
which no determination of misfeasance has been made, such indemnity shall be
conditioned upon a prior determination that the director or officer acted in
good faith and without misfeasance, and that such payments or obligations arc
reasonable. Such determination shall be made (i) by-the Board of Directors by a
majority vote of a quorum consisting of directors who were not parties to such
proceeding, (ii) by independent legal counsel in a written opinion if such a
quorum is not obtainable, or, even if obtainable, if a majority of disinterested
directors so directs, or (iii) by the shareholders. Directors eligible to make
any such determination or to -refer any such determination to independent legal
counsel must act with reasonable promptness when indemnificaiton is sought by
any director or officer. Expenses incurred in defending any proceeding may be
paid by the corporation in advance of the final disposition of such proceeding,
if authorized in the manner set forth in the preceding paragraph, upon receipt
of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay such
amount unless it shall ultimately be determined that he is entitled to
indemnification. Every reference herein to director or officer shall include
every director or 


officer or former director or officer of the cor-poration and every person who
may have served at the request of the corporation or one of its subsidiaries as
a director or officer or in a similar capacity of another corporation (stock or
non-stock), partnership. joint venture, trust or other enterprise and, in all
such cases, the heirs, executors, and administrators of such officer or
director. The corporation may further indemnify each officer and director in any
other manner permitted by law, and shall so indemnify them if directed to do so
by the stockholders.


Dated:      May 5, 1981
                                          -------------------------------
                                          Douglas R. Maxwell Incorporator



                            Articles of Amendment of
                        The Articles of Incorporation of
                              BRILL NEWSPAPERS INC.

      1. In lieu of a special meeting by a written consent setting forth the
resolution and signed by all directors of the corporation before the resolution
was submitted to a vote of the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, the
directors of Brill Newspapers, Inc. adopted a resolution finding that the
following proposed amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of BRILL
NEWSPAPERS, INC. was in the best interests of the corporation and directing that
it be submitted to a vote of the corporation's stockholders entitled to vote
thereon:

            That Section 2.2(n) ("Redemption of Convertible Preferred") of
      Subdivision A of Article "Third" of the Articles of Incorporation be
      amended by changing "January 31, 1990" appearing in the first sentence
      thereof to read: "January 31, 1993".

      2. The proposed amendment was adopted by the stockholders entitled to vote
thereon by a written consent in lieu of a special meeting, which consent set
forth the proposed amendment and was signed by all such stockholders.

      3. The number of shares of each class of stock of the corporation
outstanding on the record date, the number of shares entitled to vote on the
proposed amendment, and the number of shares voted for and against the proposed
amendment were as follows:

            A.    Shares outstanding all classes:

            Class                               Shares Outstanding
            -----                               ------------------


            Class A Common Stock                      1,000
            Class B Common Stock                        150

            B.    Shares entitled to vote:

                         1,000 shares of Class A Common
                          150 shares of Class B Common

            C.    Shares voted:

                  FOR         -  1,000 shares of Class A Common
                              -    150 shares of Class B Common
                  AGAINST     -      0

      Executed in the name of the corporation by its President and its Secretary
who declare under penalties of perjury that the facts stated herein are true.

Dated: January 26, 1982                   BRILL NEWSPAPERS, INC.


                                          BY
                                            ------------------------
                                          Alan R. Brill, President


                                          ---------------------------
                                          Bonnie P. Brill, Secretary



                              Articles of Amendment
                       of the Articles of Incorporation of
                             BRILL NEWSPAPERS, INC.

      1. In lieu of a special meeting, by a written consent setting forth the
resolution and signed by all directors of the corporation, before the resolution
was submitted to a vote of the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, the
directors of Brill Newspapers, Inc adopted a resolution finding that the
following pro\-posed amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of Brill
Newspapers Inc. was in the best interests of the corporation and directing that
it be submitted to a vote of the corporation's stockholders entitled to vote
thereon:

            That Section 2 ("Involuntary Dissolution") of Subdivision C of
      Article "Third" of the Articles of Incorporation be amended to read as
      follows:

      2. Involuntary Dissolution. Upon any involuntary dissolution of the
      corporation, after provision for payment and discharge of (or making
      adequate provision for) all known debts, obligations, and liabilities of
      the corporation, there shall be no "amount payable" (within the meaning of
      Section 13.1-62 of the Code of Virginia) out of the corporation's net
      assets to the then holder of any share of the corporation's Preferred
      Stock or Common Stock, and the then remaining assets of the corporation
      shall be distributed ratably among the then holders of any then issued and
      outstanding shares of Preferred Stock in proportion to the number of
      shares of Preferred Stock then owned by each and the holders of shares of
      Common Stock shall have no right to any part of such remaining assets. If
      upon such involuntary dissolution no share of Preferred Stock is then
      issued and outstanding, the remaining assets of the corporation shall be
      distributed ratably among the then holders of shares of the corporation's
      Common Stock in proportion to the number of shares of Common Stock then
      owned by each.

      2. The proposed amendment was adopted by the stockholders entitled to vote
thereon by a written consent in lieu of a special 


meeting, which consent set forth the proposed amendments and was signed by all
such stockholders.

      3. The number of shares of each class of stock of the corporation
outstanding on the record date, the number of shares entitled to vote on the
proposed amendment, and the number of shares voted for and against the proposed
amendment were as follows:

            A.    Shares outstanding, all classes:

            Class                         Shares Outstanding
            -----                         ------------------

            Class A Common Stock                1,000
            Class B Common Stock                  150

            B.    Shares entitled to vote:

                  1,000 shares of Class A Common
                    150 shares of Class B Common

            C.    Shares voted:

                  FOR         -  1,000 shares of Class A Common
                              -    150 shares of Class B Common
                  AGAINST     -      0

      Executed in the name of the corporation by its President and its Secretary
who declare under penalties of perjury that the facts stated herein are true.

Dated:  January 27, 1982                  BRILL NEWSPAPERS, INC.


                                          BY
                                            -----------------------------
                                                Alan R. Brill, President

                                          --------------------------------
                                                Bonnie P. Brill, Secretary



                              Articles of Amendment
                       of the Articles of Incorporation of
                             BRILL NEWSPAPERS, INC.

      1. In lieu of a special meeting, by a written consent setting forth the
resolution and signed by all directors of the corporation before the resolution
was submitted to a vote of the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, the
directors of Brill Newspapers, Inc. adopted a resolution finding that the
following proposed amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of Brill
Newspapers Inc. was in the best interests of the corporation and directing that
it be submitted to a vote of the corporation's stockholders entitled to vote
thereon:

            That Subsection 2.2 ("Redemption of Convertible Preferred") of
      Section 2 of Subdivision A of Article "Third of the Articles of
      Incorporation be amended to read as follows:

            2.2. Redemption of Convertible Preferred. (m) During any time when
      the corporation is contractually obligated then to purchase or redeem any
      share of the Convertible Preferred, or (n) during and after such time
      after January 31, 1993 as the Senior Preferred is or has been redeemed or
      repurchased in whole by the corporation the Convertible Preferred shall be
      redeemable in whole at any time or in part from time to time upon
      resolution of the corporation's board of directors upon payment out of
      funds legally available to the corporation therefor in lawful money of the
      United States of America in respect of each share of the Convertible
      Preferred then redeemed of the redemption price per share determined as
      follows: first (a) there shall be determined a sum equal to a percentage
      [which percentage shall be the greater of (p) 18.5% or (q) that percentage
      determined by dividing the number of shares of the corporation's Common
      Stock into which the then outstanding shares of the corporation's
      Convertible Preferred would then be convertible (regardless of whether
      such Convertible Preferred is in fact then convertible by the total number
      of all shares, of the corporation's Common Stock of all classes then
      outstanding and which would then be outstanding if all 


      shares of Convertible Preferred were then converted (regardless of whether
      such Convertible Preferred then in fact convertible] of the higher of (x)
      the then fair market value of corporation, determined by an appraiser
      selected by corporation and (y) a value determined by (i) multiplying a
      sum representing the corporation's earnings as determined from its
      financial statement, on a consolidated basis with all of its then
      subsidiaries, for the corporation's then most recently concluded full
      fiscal year, without deduction for interest expense, taxes, non cash
      expense items, or non-recurring extraordinary expenses, but reduced by any
      contribution to corporation's cash flow theretofore arising from
      properties divested by the corporation during such fiscal year, by it and
      (ii) deducting from such product all of corporation's then liabilities
      (including as a liability all then out standing shares of the Senior
      Preferred) in excess of the corporation's then current assets, in each
      case as reflected in and determinable from corporation's financial
      statements, on a consolidated basis with all of its then subsidiaries, for
      such fiscal year, then (b) the sum determined pursuant to (a) shall be
      divided by the higher of (i) the number of shares Of Convertible Preferred
      then outstanding or (ii) twenty-one (21) and then (c) the result of (b)
      shall have added to it an amount equal to the sum of all accumulated but
      unpaid quarterly dividends with respect to such share of Convertible
      Preferred then being redeemed, as of the Redemption Date. The sum so
      achieved shall be the "Convertible Preferred Redemption Price" as to each
      such share.

      2. The proposed amendment was adopted by the stockholders entitled to vote
thereon by a written consent in lieu of a special meeting, which consent set
forth the proposed amendment and was signed by all such stockholders.

      3. The number of shares of stock of the corporation outstanding on the
record date, the number of shares entitled to vote on the proposed amendment,
the number of shares voted for and against such amendment, the number of shares
of each class or series entitled to vote as a class and the number of shares of
each 


such class or series voted for or against such amendment were as follows:

            A.  Shares outstanding all classes:

                  Class                               Shares Outstanding
                  -----                               ------------------

            Class A Common Stock                            1,000

            Class B Common Stock                              150

            Senior Cumulative Preferred Stock                  70

            Convertible Preferred Stock                        21

            B.    Shares entitled to Vote, all classes:

                  1,000 shares of Class A Common

                    150 shares of Class B Common

                     70 shares of Senior Cumulative Preferred

                     21 shares of Convertible Preferred

            C.    Shares, classes, voted:

                  FOR         - 1,241

                  AGAINST     -     0

            D.    Shares entitled to vote and voted as a class:

                                Number          Voted        Voted
      Class or Series         Outstanding        For        Against
      ---------------         -----------        ---        -------

      Class A Common          1,000             1,000          0

      Class B Common            150               150          0

      Senior Cumulative
        Preferred                70                70          0

      Convertible
        Preferred                21                21          0

      Executed in the name of the corporation by its President and its Secretary
who declare under penalties of perjury that the facts 


stated herein are true.

Dated:  June 21, 1982                     BRILL NEWSPAPERS, INC.


                                          By:
                                             ---------------------------
                                                Alan R. Brill, President

                                          By:
                                             ----------------------------
                                                Bonnie P. Brill, Secretary



                              Articles of Amendment
                       of the Articles of Incorporation of
                             BRILL NEWSPAPERS, INC.

      1. In lieu of a special meeting, by a written consent setting forth the
resolution and signed by all directors of the corporation, before the resolution
was submitted to a vote of the stockholders entitled to vote thereon the
directors of Brill Newspapers, Inc. adopted a resolution finding that the
following proposed amendment of the Articles of Incorporation of Brill
Newspapers, Inc. was in the best interests of the corporation and directing that
it be submitted to a vote of the corporation's stockholders entitled to vote
thereon:

      That the Articles of Incorporation be amended by striking therefrom
      Article "THIRD" in its entirety and substituting in lieu thereof the
      following:

      "THIRD: Capital Stock. The corporation is authorized to issue four classes
      of stock. The aggregate number of shares which the corporation shall have
      authority to issue, the maximum number of shares of each class which the
      corporation is authorized to issue, and the par value of each share of
      each class are as follows:

            The aggregate number of shares which the corporation shall have
      authority to issue is 3,270, divided as follows:

      Name of Class           Number of Shares        Par Value
      -------------           ----------------        ---------

      Senior Cumulative
        Preferred Stock                 70            $1.00

      Convertible
        Preferred Stock                200             1.00

      Class A Common Stock           1,000             1.00



      Class B Common Stock           2,000             1.00

            A description of the designations, preferences, limitations, voting
      rights, and relative rights in respect of the shares of each class is as
      follows:

            As used in these Articles the term "Common Stock" shall refer to
      both the Class A Common Stock, $1.00 par value (the "Class A Common") and
      the Class B Common Stock, $1.00 par value (the "Class B Common"), and the
      term "Preferred" shall refer to both the Senior Cumulative Preferred Stock
      (the "Senior Preferred") and the Convertible Preferred Stock (the
      "Convertible Preferred").

                  A. PREFERRED STOCK

      1. Dividends.

            1.1 Senior Preferred. The holders of shares of the Senior Preferred
      shall be entitled to receive, when and as declared by the board of
      directors and paid, out of funds legally available for such purpose in
      accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia, dividends in
      lawful money of the United States of America at the rate of $1,200.00 per
      share per annum, playable, when declared and paid, quarterly on the last
      business day of April (beginning April, 1982), July, October, and January
      of each year in equal quarterly installments of $300.00 each. As to each
      issued and outstanding share of the Senior Preferred such dividends shall
      accumulate if not paid, whether or not declared.

            1.2 Convertible Preferred. The holders of shares of the Convertible
      Preferred shall be entitled to receive, when and as declared by the board
      of directors out of funds legally available for such purpose in accordance
      with the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia, dividends in lawful money
      of the United States of America at the rate of $.12 (US) per share per
      annum, payable quarterly on the last business day of March, June,
      September, and December of each year in equal installments. As to each
      issued and outstanding share of the Convertible Preferred such dividends
      shall accumulate if not paid, whether or not declared.

            1.3 Preference. So long as any share of the Preferred is
      outstanding, no dividend in respect of any Common Stock or other class of
      stock ranking junior to the Preferred in respect of dividends or of the
      amounts 


      payable upon any voluntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the
      corporation shall be paid unless and until a full dividend on each of the
      then outstanding shares of Preferred, for the applicable annual dividend
      period, and any and all then accumulated but unpaid dividends with respect
      to the Preferred, shall theretofore have been paid at the dividend rates
      set forth above. Holders of the Preferred shall be entitled to no
      participation rights.

      2. Redemption.

            2.1 Redemption of Senior Preferred. The Senior Preferred shall be
      redeemable in whole at any time or in part from time to time upon
      resolution of the corporation's board of directors upon payment out of
      funds legally available to the corporation therefor in lawful money of the
      United States of America in respect of each share of Senior Preferred
      redeemed of $10,000.00 plus an amount equal to the sum of (i) all
      accumulated but unpaid quarterly dividends with respect to such share of
      Senior Preferred as of the Redemption Date, and (ii) any interest accrued
      thereon as, and to the extent, provided in Section 1.1. ("Senior Preferred
      Redemption Price").

            2.2. Redemption of Convertible Preferred. (m) During any time when
      the corporation is contractually obligated then to purchase or redeem any
      share of the Convertible Preferred, during and after such time after
      January 31, 1990 as the Senior Preferred is or has been redeemed or
      repurchased in whole by the corporation, the Convertible Preferred shall
      be redeemable in whole at any time or in part from time to time upon
      resolution of the corporation's board of directors upon payment out of
      funds legally available to the corporation therefor in lawful money of the
      United States of America in respect of each share of the Convertible
      Preferred then redeemed of the redemption price per share determined as
      follows: (a) first there shall be determined a sum equal to a percentage
      [which percentage shall be determined by dividing the number of shares of
      the corporation's Common Stock into which the then outstanding shares of
      the corporation's Convertible Preferred would then be convertible
      (regardless of whether such Convertible Preferred is in fact then
      convertible) by the total number of all shares of the corporation's Common
      Stock of all classes then outstanding and which would then be outstanding
      if all shares of Convertible Preferred were then converted (regardless of
      whether such Convertible Preferred is 


      then in fact convertible)I of the higher of (x) the then fair market of
      corporation, determined by an appraiser selected by corporation and (y) a
      value determined by (i) multiplying a sum representing the corporation's
      earnings as determined from its financial statement, on a consolidated
      basis with all of its then subsidiaries, for the corporation's then most
      recently concluded full fiscal year, without deduction for interest
      expense, taxes, non-cash expense items, or non-recurring extraordinary
      expenses, but reduced by any contribution to corporation's cash flow
      theretofore arising from properties divested by the corporation during
      such fiscal year, by and (ii) deducting from such product all of
      corporation's then liabilities (including as a liability all then
      outstanding shares of the Senior Preferred) in excess of the corporation's
      then current assets, in each case as reflected in and determinable from
      corporation's financial statements, on a consolidated basis with all of
      its then subsidiaries, for such fiscal year, then (b) the sum determined
      pursuant to (a) shall be multiplied by a fraction equal to (i) the number
      of shares of Convertible Preferred then outstanding divided by (ii) the
      higher of (x) the number of shares of convertible Preferred then
      outstanding, or (y) twenty-one (21); then (c) the product determined by
      (b) shall be divided by the number of shares of Convertible Preferred then
      issued and outstanding; and (d) the result of (c) shall have added to it
      an amount equal to the sum of all accumulated but unpaid quarterly
      dividends with respect to such share of Convertible Preferred then being
      redeemed, as of the Redemption Date; and the sum so achieved shall be the
      "Convertible Preferred Redemption Price" as to each such share.

            2.3. Notice. Not less than 30 days' prior written notice ("Notice of
      Redemption") shall be given by certified mail, postage prepaid, to each
      holder of record of the shares of Preferred to be redeemed, at the
      holder's post office address as shown in the records of the corporation.
      Said notice shall specify the amount of the redemption price and the place
      at which and the date, which date shall not be a legal holiday in the
      Commonwealth of Virginia, on which the shares called for redemption will
      be redeemed ("Redemption Date").

            2.4 Notice of Redemption. If Notice of Redemption shall have been
      duly given and a sum 


      sufficient for such redemption shall have been deposited with a bank or
      trust company with irrevocable instructions and authority to pay the
      applicable redemption price to the then holders of shares of Preferred so
      called for redemption upon surrender of certificates therefor, then,
      notwithstanding that any certificate for shares so called for redemption
      shall not have been surrendered for cancellation, on and after the later
      of the date of mailing of the Notice of Redemption or such deposit of the
      applicable redemption price, the shares so called for redemption shall no
      longer be deemed outstanding, and all rights with respect to the shares so
      called for redemption shall forthwith cease and determine (excepting only
      the right of the holders thereof to receive the amount payable upon
      redemption thereof, without interest thereon); provided, however, that the
      right to convert any shares of Convertible Preferred called for redemption
      into shares of Class B Common as provided by Section 5. of Subdivision A
      hereof shall continue until the Redemption Date.

            2.5. Manner of Redemption. Subject to the provisions hereof, the
      board of directors shall have authority to prescribe the manner in which
      the Preferred shall be redeemed from time to time; provided, however, that
      in the case of the redemption of only a part of the outstanding shares of
      the Preferred, there shall be redeemed from each registered holder thereof
      in whole shares, as nearly as practicable to the nearest share, the
      proportion of all of the shares of such class to be redeemed which the
      number of shares held of record by such holder bears to the total number
      of shares of such class at the time outstanding.

            2.6 Interest; Escheat. From time to time any bank or trust company
      holding any funds deposited for redemption of any shares of Preferred
      shall pay to the corporation any interest accrued on such deposited funds;
      any funds so deposited and unclaimed at the end of the period of time
      prescribed by ss. 55-210.6 of the Code of Virginia, or any successor
      provision, as from time to time amended, shall be disposed of in
      accordance with the then existing laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia,
      and each holder of a share of Preferred so called for redemption who shall
      not have received the applicable redemption price therefor prior to such
      disposition shall have only such rights as are accorded such a stockholder
      under the then existing 


      laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia.

            2.7. Redeemed, Converted, or Otherwise Acquired Shares to be
      Retired. Any shares of Preferred redeemed pursuant to this Section 2. or
      surrendered for conversion pursuant to Section 5. of this Subdivision A,
      or otherwise acquired by the corporation in any manner whatsoever, shall
      be permanently retired and shall not under any circumstances be reissued,
      and the corporation shall from time to time take such appropriate
      corporate action as may be necessary to reduce the authorized Preferred
      accordingly.

      3. Voting Rights of Preferred. Except as voting rights may be expressly
      conferred upon any such shares by the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia
      as in effect at the time, the holders of shares of Preferred shall have no
      right to vote on any matter.

      4. Voluntary Dissolution, Liquidation, etc. Upon any voluntary
      dissolution, liquidation, or winding up of the corporation, after
      provision for payment and discharge of (or making adequate provision for)
      all known debts, obligations, and liabilities of the corporation, the then
      holders of the shares of the Preferred shall be entitled, before any
      distribution or payment is made upon any shares of the Common Stock, to be
      paid in cash for each such share an amount equal to the redemption price
      applicable to such share (the "Preferred Liquidation Price"). If upon any
      voluntary liquidation, dissolution, or winding up, after payment and
      discharge of, or making adequate provision for, all known debts,
      obligations, and on liabilities of the corporation, the corporation's then
      assets shall be insufficient to permit payment to said holders of the
      Preferred Liquidation Price, then all of the assets of the corporation
      then remaining shall be distributed ratably among the then holders of the
      shares of Preferred. Written notice of such voluntary liquidation,
      dissolution, or winding up, stating a payment date, the amount of the
      Preferred Liquidation Price, the place where said sums shall be payable,
      and containing a statement of or reference to the conversion right set
      forth in Section 5. of this Subdivision A, shall be given by certified
      mail, postage prepaid, not less than 30 days prior to the payment date
      stated therein, to the holders of record of the Preferred, such notice to
      be addressed to each holder at his post office address as shown by the
      records of the corporation. Neither consolidation nor



      merger of the corporation into or with any other corporation or
      corporations, nor any other corporation's merger into the corporation, nor
      the sale or transfer by the corporation of all or any part of its assets,
      nor the reduction of the capital stock of the corporation, shall be deemed
      to be a liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of the corporation within
      the meaning of any provision of these Articles.

      5. Conversion.

            5.1 Conversion of the Convertible Preferred into Class B Common.
      Subject to the terms and conditions of this Section 5. and of Section
      2.2., the holder of any share of Convertible Preferred then outstanding,
      shall have the right during any period (a) after the giving of a Notice of
      Redemption and until the Redemption Date as established by such notice, as
      to shares of the Convertible Preferred called for redemption by such
      notice, (b) when Alan R. Brill owns less than a majority of the voting
      common stock of this corporation, as to shares of Convertible Preferred,
      or (c) during any period when more than thirty holders are record owners
      of shares of the corporation's Class A Common Stock, the periods described
      in (a)-(c) hereinafter being severally and collectively referred to as the
      "Conversion Period". Upon compliance with provisions of this Section 5,9
      each eligible share of Convertible Preferred then outstanding which is
      properly delivered for conversion during a Conversion Period shall be then
      converted into 12.48 shares of Class B Common. Such right of conversion
      may be exercised during a Conversion Period, and only during a Conversion
      Period, by the holder of a share or shares of Convertible Preferred then
      eligible for conversion by (i) giving written notice to the corporation
      that such holder elects to convert a stated number of shares of the
      Convertible Preferred into shares of Class B Common on the date specified
      in such notice ("Conversion Date"). which date shall not be less than
      twenty (20) days after the date of such written notice, and (ii) by
      delivering and surrendering the certificate or certificates for the
      Convertible Preferred so to be converted to the corporation, at the office
      of the corporation at 1200 Mutual Building, Richmond, Virginia 23219,
      Attention: Charles W. Laughlin, Esquire, (or at such other office as the
      corporation may designate by written notice, given by certified mail,
      postage prepaid, to all holders of Convertible Preferred) at any time
      during its usual business hours on or before 



      the Conversion Date, duly endorsed or assigned to the corporation, or in
      blank, together with a statement of the name or names (with addresses) of
      the person or persons to whom the certificates for Class B Common shall be
      issued upon conversion.

            On or before the Conversion Date, upon receipt of the written notice
      referred to above and surrender of the certificate or certificates for the
      share or shares of Convertible Preferred to be converted, the corporation
      shall issue and mail, or cause to be issued and mailed, to the holder
      giving such notice at the then address for such stockholder appearing on
      the corporation's records, registered in such name or names as such holder
      shall have directed in said notice, a certificate or certificates for the
      number of full shares of Class B Common issuable upon conversion of such
      Convertible Preferred share or shares and a check or other order for the
      amount of any cash payable in respect of any fractional share of Class B
      Common.

            5.2 Antidilution. The conversion rate provided in Section 5.1 above
      shall only be adjusted as follows: (a) If the corporation shall issue
s      additional shares of Common Stock (other than shares of Class B Common
      Stock issued upon conversion of shares of Convertible Preferred) or
      securities convertible into shares of Common Stock (except for shares of
      Convertible Preferred issued upon the exercise of warrants therefor), or
      shall pay a dividend in shares of Common Stock (or in securities
      convertible into Common Stock) the conversion rate applicable to the
      Convertible Preferred shall be proportionately increased (so that the
      ratio of (u) the number of shares of Class B Common into which all the
      outstanding Convertible Preferred Stock is convertible (regardless of
      whether such securities are then convertible), to (v) the total number of
      shares of all Common Stock outstanding, and which would then be
      outstanding if all securities convertible into shares of Common Stock had
      been converted (regardless of whether such securities were then
      convertible), remains the same], effective immediately before the opening
      of business on the next full business day after the record date fixed for
      determination of the stockholders entitled to such dividend; and (b) If
      the corporation shall split up the outstanding shares of either class of
      its Common Stock into a greater number of shares or if it shall combine
      the outstanding shares of either class into a smaller 


      number, the conversion rate applicable to the Convertible Preferred shall
      be proportionately (based on the ratio described above) increased in the
      case of a split or decreased in the case of a combination, effective
      immediately before the opening of business on the full business day next
      following the day such action becomes effective. Upon (i) any
      reclassification or change in the outstanding shares of Common Stock
      (other than a stock dividend or a Split-up or combination of shares), or
      (ii) any consolidation or merger to which the corporation is a party
      (except a merger in which the corporation is the surviving corporation and
      which does not result in any reclassification of or change in any class of
      the outstanding Common Stock other than a split-up or combination of
      shares). or (iii) any sale or conveyance to another corporation of all or
      substantially all of the property of the corporation for securities of
      another corporation, effective provision shall be made by the corporation
      (or by the successor or purchasing corporation) so that holders of
      Convertible Preferred then outstanding shall thereafter have the right to
      convert such shares into the kind and amount of stock and other securities
      and property receivable upon such reclassification, change, consolidation,
      merger, sale, or conveyance by a holder of the number of shares of Class B
      Common into which such shares of Preferred Stock might have been converted
      immediately prior thereto. The provisions of this subparagraph shall
      similarly apply to successive reclassifications, changes, consolidations,
      mergers, sales, or conveyances. Any provision that shall be made for the
      purposes specified in this subparagraph which shall have been approved by
      a resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors of the corporation,
      and which, in the opinion of independent certified public accountants
      selected by the corporation, are fair and equitable, shall be binding and
      conclusive upon all holders of shares of the Convertible Preferred then
      outstanding.

            5.3 Fractional Share. The corporation shall not issue any fractional
      share of Class B Common upon conversion of any share or shares of
      Convertible preferred but shall pay for any such fractional share in cash
      based on the fair value of one share of Class B Common as of the date of
      conversion as then determined by the Board of Directors.

                  B. COMMON STOCK


      1. Dividends, Voting, and Other Rights. The dividend and other rights of a
      holder of one share of Class A Common shall be identical to the dividend
      and other rights of a holder of one share of Class B Common, except that
      holders of the Class B Common shall have no right to vote except as may be
      required under Virginia law.

      2. Reservation. Hereafter the corporation will at all times reserve and
      keep available such shares of its Class B Common as are authorized but
      unissued as of the effective date of this amendment, solely for the
      purpose of issue upon conversion of the shares of the Convertible
      Preferred as herein provided. The corporation covenants that all shares of
      the Class B Common which shall be so issuable shall, when issued, be duly
      and validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable.

            The Issuance of certificates for Class B Common upon such conversion
      as hereinabove set forth shall be made without charge to the holders of
      such Class B Common for any issuance tax in respect thereof, provided that
      the corporation shall not be required to pay any taxes which may be
      payable in respect of any transfer involved in the issuance and delivery
      of any certificate in a name other than that of the holder of shares
      converted.

                  C. CERTAIN OTHER PROVISIONS

      1. Preemptive Rights. No holder of any share of Preferred Stock or Common
      Stock shall have any preemptive right to subscribe for additional shares
      of any class of capital stock or to receive warrants or rights for the
      purchase of shares of any class of stock or to receive securities
      convertible into shares of any class of stock.

      2. Involuntary Dissolution. Upon any involuntary dissolution of the
      corporation, after provision for payment and discharge of (or making
      adequate provision for) all known debts, obligations, and liabilities of
      the corporation, there shall be no " amount payable" (within the meaning
      of Section 13.1-62 of the Code of Virginia) out of the corporation's net
      assets to the then holder of any share of the corporation's Preferred
      Stock or Common Stock, and the then remaining assets of the corporation
      shall be distributed ratably among the 



      then holders of any then issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock and
      Preferred Stock in pro-portion to the number of shares of Common Stock and
      Preferred Stock then owned by each. If upon such involuntary dissolution
      no share of Preferred Stock is then issued and outstanding, the remaining
      assets of the corporation shall be distributed ratably among the then
      holders of shares of the corporation's Common Stock In proportion to the
      number of shares of Common Stock then owned by each.

      2. The proposed amendment was adopted by the stockholders entitled to vote
thereon of a written consent in lieu of a special meeting, which consent set
forth the proposed amendments and was signed by all such stockholders.

      3. The number of shares of each class of stock of the corporation
outstanding on the record date, the number of shares entitled to vote on the
proposed amendment, and the number of shares voted for and against the proposed
amendment were as follows:

            A.    Shares outstanding, all classes:

            Class                               Shares Outstanding
            -----                               ------------------

            Class A Common Stock                      1,000
            Class B Common Stock                        150

            B.    Shares entitled to vote:

                  1,000 shares of Class A Common
                    150 shares of Class B Common

            C.    Shares voted:
                  FOR         -  1,000 shares of Class A Common
                                    150 shares of Class B Common

                  AGAINST     -     0

      Executed in the name of the corporation by its President and its Secretary
who declare under penalties of perjury that the 


facts stated herein are true.

      Dated: January 20, 1982             BRILL NEWSPAPERS, INC.


                                          BY
                                            ----------------------------
                                                Alan R. Brill, President

                                          ------------------------------
                                          Bonnie P Brill, Secretary