EXHIBIT 3.1

                         CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
                                     OF
                               RENCOAL, INC.


     The undersigned, in order to form a corporation for the purpose 
hereinafter stated, under and pursuant to the provisions of the General 
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "DGCL"), hereby certifies 
that:

     First. The name of the Corporation is Rencoal, Inc. (the 
"Corporation").

     Second. The address of the Corporation's registered office in the State 
of Delaware is Corporation Trust Center, 1209 Orange Street, in the City of 
Wilmington, County of New Castle. The name of its registered agent at such 
address is The Corporation Trust Company.

     Third. The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or 
activity for which corporations may be organized under the DGCL.

     Fourth. The Corporation shall have all powers that may now or hereafter 
be lawful for a corporation to exercise under the DGCL.

     Fifth. The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation is 
authorized to issue is One Thousand (1,000) shares of Common Stock, par value 
$1.00 per share.

     Sixth. The name and mailing address of the incorporator of the 
Corporation is:

                              Michael C. Ryan, Esq.
                              Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft
                              100 Maiden Lane
                              New York, New York 10038.

     Seventh. The number of directors of the Board of Directors shall be 
fixed by the Bylaws of the Corporation.

     Eighth. Unless and to the extent that the Bylaws of the Corporation 
shall so require, the election of directors of the Corporation need not be by 
written ballot.

     Ninth. In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by 
the DGCL, the Board of Directors of the Corporation shall be authorized to 
make, alter, or repeal by the Bylaws of the Corporation as and to the extent 
permitted therein.

     Tenth. Except as otherwise provided by the DGCL as the same exists or 
may hereafter be amended, no director of the Corporation shall be personally 
liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach 
of fiduciary duty as a 



director. Any repeal or modification of this Article Tenth by the 
stockholders of the Corporation shall not adversely affect any right or 
protection of a director of the Corporation existing at the time of such 
repeal or modification.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has signed this Certificate of 
Incorporation on August 15, 1996.


                                /s/ Michael C. Ryan
                                -------------------------
                                Michael C. Ryan
                                Sole Incorporator















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                            CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT

                                       OF

                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                                  RENCOAL, INC.

                   ------------------------------------------

                     Pursuant to Section 242 of the General
                    Corporation Law of the State of Delaware
 
                   ------------------------------------------

     Rencoal, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "Corporation"), hereby certifies
as follows:

     1. The Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was filed in the
office of the Secretary of State of Delaware on August 15, 1996.

     2. Article Fifth of the Certificate of Incorporation is amended to read in
full as follows:

          "Fifth. The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation is
          authorized to issue is One Thousand (1,000) shares of Common Stock,
          par value $1.00 per share, and Five Million shares of Preferred Stock,
          par value $1.00 per share.

          To the full extent permitted by Delaware General Corporation Law, as
          the same exists or may hereafter be amended, the Board of Directors is
          hereby authorized by resolution to divide and issue the shares of
          Preferred Stock in classes or series and to fix the voting powers and
          any designations, preferences, and relative, participating, optional
          or other special rights of any such class or series of Preferred Stock
          and any qualifications or restrictions thereof as shall be stated and
          expressed in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of
          such stock adopted by the Board of Directors."



     3. The aforesaid amendment was duly adopted in accordance with the
provisions of Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware and by the written consent of the sole stockholder of the Corporation
in accordance with the provisions of Section 228 of the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware.

     IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused its corporate seal to be
affixed hereto and this certificate to be signed by a Vice President and
attested by an Assistant Secretary this ____ day of March, 1997.

                                    RENCOAL, INC.


                                    By: /s/ Dennis A. Sadlowski
                                       --------------------------------
                                            Dennis A. Sadlowski
                                            Assistant Secretary

[Corporate Seal]

Attest:

By:  /s/ Michael C. Ryan
   ----------------------------------
          Michael C. Ryan
       Assistant Secretary










                                       2






                            CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT

                                       OF

                          CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

                                       OF

                                  RENCOAL, INC.

                  -------------------------------------------

                     Pursuant to Section 242 of the General
                    Corporation Law of the State of Delaware

                  -------------------------------------------


     Rencoal, Inc., a corporation organized and existing under the General
Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the "Corporation"), hereby certifies
as follows:

     1. The Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was filed in the
office of the Secretary of State of Delaware on August 15, 1996.

     2. Article First of the Certificate of Incorporation is amended to read as
follows:

     "First: The name of the Corporation is Lodestar Holdings, Inc. (the
"Corporation")."

     3. The aforesaid amendment was duly adopted in accordance with the
provisions of Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of
Delaware and by the written consent of the sole stockholder of the Corporation
in accordance with the provisions of Section 228 of the General Corporation Law
of the State of Delaware.



     In Witness Whereof, the Corporation has caused its corporate seal to be
affixed hereto and this certificate to be signed by its Vice President and
attested by its Assistant Secretary this ____ day of April, 1998.

                                   RENCOAL, INC.


                                   By:  /s/ Roger L. Fay
                                      ------------------------------
                                            Roger L. Fay
                                            Vice President

[Corporate Seal]

Attest:

By:  /s/ Michael C. Ryan
   -------------------------------
          Michael C. Ryan
        Assistant Secretary





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