AMERICAN INCOME FUND I
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Annual Report to the Partners, December 31, 1998
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT TO THE PARTNERS
PAGE
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 2
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 3-7
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:
Report of Independent Auditors 8
Statement of Financial Position
at December 31, 1998 and 1997 9
Statement of Operations
for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 10
Statement of Changes in Partners' Capital
for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 11
Statement of Cash Flows
for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 12
Notes to the Financial Statements 13-22
ADDITIONAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION:
Schedule of Excess (Deficiency) of Total Cash
Generated to Cost of Equipment Disposed 23
Statement of Cash and Distributable Cash
From Operations, Sales and Refinancing 24
Schedule of Costs Reimbursed to the General
Partner and its Affiliates as Required by
Section 9.4 of the Amended and Restated
Agreement and Certificate of Limited Partnership 25
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following data should be read in conjunction with Management's
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the
financial statements.
For each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 1998:
Summary of
Operations 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994
- --------------------------- -------------- -------------- -------------- --------------- ---------
Lease revenue $ 352,921 $ 658,262 $ 779,404 $ 1,645,094 $ 2,323,015
Net income (loss) $ (235,711) $ 238,231 $ 609,579 $ (16,951) $ 262,463
Per Unit:
Net income (loss) $ (0.78) $ 0.79 $ 2.02 $ (0.06) $ 0.87
Cash distributions $ 0.75 $ 0.94 $ 1.38 $ 2.25 $ 3.00
Financial Position
- ---------------------------
Total assets $ 2,480,535 $ 2,782,171 $ 3,576,563 $ 3,746,642 $ 4,648,253
Total long-term
obligations $ -- $ 22,990 $ 726,096 $ 1,022,276 $ 1,056,876
Partners' capital $ 2,194,998 $ 2,657,060 $ 2,701,770 $ 2,507,170 $ 3,203,173
2
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF
FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Year ended December 31, 1998 compared to
the year ended December 31, 1997 and the year
ended December 31, 1997
compared to the year ended December 31, 1996
Certain statements in this annual report of American Income Fund I-B, a
Massachusetts Limited Partnership (the "Partnership") that are not historical
fact constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and are subject to a variety of risks
and uncertainties. There are a number of important factors that could cause
actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking
statements made herein. These factors include, but are not limited to, the
outcome of the Class Action Lawsuit described in Note 6 to the accompanying
financial statements, the collection of all rents due under the Partnership's
lease agreements and the remarketing of the Partnership's equipment.
YEAR 2000 ISSUE
The Year 2000 Issue generally refers to the capacity of computer
programming logic to correctly identify the calendar year. Many companies
utilize computer programs or hardware with date sensitive software or embedded
chips that could interpret dates ending in "00" as the year 1900 rather than the
year 2000. In certain cases, such errors could result in system failures or
miscalculations that disrupt the operations of the affected businesses. The
Partnership uses information systems provided by EFG and has no information
systems of its own. EFG has adopted a plan to address the Year 2000 Issue that
consists of four phases: assessment, remediation, testing, and implementation
and has elected to utilize principally internal resources to perform all phases.
EFG completed substantially all of its Year 2000 project by December 31, 1998 at
an aggregate cost of less than $50,000 and at a di minimus cost to the
Partnership. Remaining items are expected to be minor and be completed by March
31, 1999. All costs incurred in connection with EFG's Year 2000 project have
been expensed as incurred.
EFG's primary information software was coded by IBM at the point of
original design to use a four digit field to identify calendar year. All of the
Partnership's lease billings, cash receipts and equipment remarketing processes
are performed using this proprietary software. In addition, EFG has gathered
information about the Year 2000 readiness of significant vendors and third party
servicers and continues to monitor developments in this area. All of EFG's
peripheral computer technologies, such as its network operating system and
third-party software applications, including payroll, depreciation processing,
and electronic banking, have been evaluated for potential programming changes
and have required only minor modifications to function properly with respect to
dates in the year 2000 and thereafter. EFG understands that each of its and the
Partnership's significant vendors and third-party servicers are in the process,
or have completed the process, of making their systems Year 2000 compliant.
Substantially all parties queried have indicated that their systems would be
Year 2000 compliant by the end of 1998.
Presently, EFG is not aware of any outside customer with a Year 2000 Issue
that would have a material effect on the Partnership's results of operations,
liquidity, or financial position. The Partnership's equipment leases were
structured as triple net leases, meaning that the lessees are responsible for,
among other things, (i) maintaining and servicing all equipment during the lease
term, (ii) ensuring that all equipment functions properly and is returned in
good condition, normal wear and tear excepted, and (iii) insuring the assets
against casualty and other events of loss. Non-compliance with lease terms on
the part of a lessee, including failure to address Year 2000 Issues, could
result in lost revenues and impairment of residual values of the Partnership's
equipment assets under a worst-case scenario.
EFG believes that its Year 2000 compliance plan will be effective in
resolving all material Year 2000 risks in a timely manner and that the Year 2000
Issue will not pose significant operational problems with respect to its
computer systems or result in a system failure or disruption of its or the
Partnership's business operations. However, EFG has no means of ensuring that
all customers, vendors and third-party servicers will conform ultimately to Year
2000 standards. The effect of this risk to the Partnership is not determinable.
3
OVERVIEW
The Partnership was organized in 1990 as a direct-participation equipment
leasing program to acquire a diversified portfolio of capital equipment subject
to lease agreements with third parties. The value of the Partnership's equipment
portfolio decreases over time due to depreciation resulting from age and usage
of the equipment, as well as technological changes and other market factors. In
addition, the Partnership does not replace equipment as it is sold; therefore,
its aggregate investment value in equipment declines from asset disposals
occurring in the normal course of business. Presently, the Partnership is a
Nominal Defendant in a Class Action Lawsuit, the outcome of which could
significantly alter the nature of the Partnership's organization and its future
business operations. See Note 6 to the accompanying financial statements.
Pursuant to the Restated Agreement, as amended, the Partnership is scheduled to
be dissolved by December 31, 2001.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
For the year ended December 31, 1998, the Partnership recognized lease
revenue of $352,921, compared to $658,262 and $779,404 for the years ended
December 31, 1997 and 1996, respectively. The decrease in lease revenue from
1996 to 1998 resulted principally from lease term expirations and the sale of
equipment. The Partnership also earns interest income from temporary investments
of rental receipts and equipment sales proceeds in short-term instruments.
The Partnership's equipment portfolio includes certain assets in which the
Partnership holds a proportionate ownership interest. In such cases, the
remaining interests are owned by an affiliated equipment leasing program
sponsored by EFG. Proportionate equipment ownership enabled the Partnership to
further diversify its equipment portfolio at inception by participating in the
ownership of selected assets, thereby reducing the general levels of risk which
could have resulted from a concentration in any single equipment type, industry
or lessee. The Partnership and each affiliate individually report, in proportion
to their respective ownership interests, their respective shares of assets,
liabilities, revenues, and expenses associated with the equipment.
In 1998, the Partnership sold equipment having a net book value of $671,684
to existing lessees and third parties. These sales resulted in a net gain, for
financial statement purposes, of $6,520 compared to a net gain in 1997 of
$115,379 on equipment having a net book value of $8,564 and a net gain in 1996
of $563,113 on equipment having a net book value of $99,407.
During July 1996, the Partnership transferred its ownership interest in
certain trailers to a third party for cash consideration of $85,957. The
trailers had a net book value of $32,494 at the time of transfer, resulting in a
net gain of $53,463. In September 1996, the Partnership replaced certain of
these trailers with comparable trailers and leased such to a new lessee. The
transaction was structured as a like-kind exchange for income tax reporting
purposes. The net carrying value of the new trailers, $385,063, was net of
$41,241, representing the proportionate amount of gain, for financial statement
purposes, deferred on the original trailers. The Partnership funded this
transaction with $66,307 of the cash consideration and long-term financing of
$359,997. The unused consideration of $19,650 was recognized as proceeds from
equipment sales and the remainder of the net gain on sale of $12,222 was
recognized as Gain on Sale of Equipment on the Statement of Operations during
1996.
It cannot be determined whether future sales of equipment will result in a
net gain or a net loss to the Partnership, as such transactions will be
dependent upon the condition and type of equipment being sold and its
marketability at the time of sale. In addition, the amount of gain or loss
reported for financial statement purposes is partly a function of the amount of
accumulated depreciation associated with the equipment being sold.
The ultimate realization of residual value for any type of equipment is
dependent upon many factors, including EFG's ability to sell and re-lease
equipment. Changing market conditions, industry trends, technological advances,
and many other events can converge to enhance or detract from asset values at
any given time. EFG attempts to monitor these changes in order to identify
opportunities which may be advantageous to the Partnership and which will
maximize total cash returns for each asset.
The total economic value realized upon final disposition of each asset is
comprised of all primary lease term revenues generated from that asset, together
with its residual value. The latter consists of cash proceeds realized upon the
asset's sale in addition to all other cash receipts obtained from renting the
asset on a re-lease, renewal
4
or month-to-month basis. The Partnership classifies such residual rental
payments as lease revenue. Consequently, the amount of gain or loss reported in
the financial statements is not necessarily indicative of the total residual
value the Partnership achieved from leasing the equipment.
Depreciation expense was $213,530, $431,940 and $642,750 for the years
ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. For financial reporting
purposes, to the extent that an asset is held on primary lease term, the
Partnership depreciates the difference between (i) the cost of the asset and
(ii) the estimated residual value of the asset on a straight-line basis over
such term. For purposes of this policy, estimated residual values represent
estimates of equipment values at the date of primary lease expiration. To the
extent that an asset is held beyond its primary lease term, the Partnership
continues to depreciate the remaining net book value of the asset on a
straight-line basis over the asset's remaining economic life.
Interest expense was $39,438 or 6% of lease revenue in 1997 and $71,964 or
9.2% of lease revenue in 1996. The Partnership's notes payable were fully
amortized at January 1, 1998.
Management fees were approximately 3.8%, 4.4% and 4.5% of lease revenue
during the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively.
Management fees are based on 5% of gross lease revenue generated by operating
leases and 2% of gross lease revenue generated by full payout leases.
Operating expenses were $450,680, $114,704 and $78,819 for the years ended
December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. During the year ended December
31, 1998, the Partnership incurred or accrued approximately $261,200 for certain
legal and administrative expenses related to the Class Action Lawsuit described
in Note 6 to the financial statements. In addition, the Partnership incurred
certain remarketing expenses in 1998 related to the sale of its interest in an
aircraft. The increase in operating expenses from 1996 to 1997 was due primarily
to an increase in administrative charges. Other operating expenses consist
principally of administrative charges, professional service costs, such as audit
and other legal fees, as well as printing, distribution and remarketing
expenses. In certain cases, equipment storage or repairs and maintenance costs
may be incurred in connection with equipment being remarketed.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES AND DISCUSSION OF CASH FLOWS
The Partnership by its nature is a limited life entity. As an equipment
leasing program, the Partnership's principal operating activities derive from
asset rental transactions. Accordingly, the Partnership's principal source of
cash from operations is provided by the collection of periodic rents. These cash
inflows are used first to satisfy debt service obligations associated with
leveraged leases, if any, and next to pay management fees and operating costs.
Operating activities generated net cash inflows of $187,610, $460,812 and
$1,526,591 in 1998, 1997 and 1996, respectively. Future renewal, re-lease and
equipment sale activities will cause a decline in the Partnership's lease
revenues and corresponding sources of operating cash. Overall, expenses
associated with rental activities, such as management fees, and net cash flow
from operating activities also will decline as the Partnership experiences a
higher frequency of remarketing events.
Cash expended for asset acquisitions and cash realized from asset disposal
transactions are reported under investing activities on the accompanying
Statement of Cash Flows. During 1997, the Partnership expended $75,957 to
upgrade certain research and test equipment. There were no equipment
acquisitions during 1996 and 1998. For the year ended December 31, 1998, the
Partnership realized $678,204 in equipment sale proceeds compared to $123,943
and $682,170 in 1997 and 1996, respectively. Future inflows of cash from asset
disposals will vary in timing and amount and will be influenced by many factors
including, but not limited to, the frequency and timing of lease expirations,
the type of equipment being sold, its condition and age, and future market
conditions.
At December 31, 1998, the Partnership was due aggregate future minimum
lease payments of $397,847 from contractual lease agreements (see Note 2 to the
financial statements). At the expiration of the individual primary and renewal
lease terms underlying the Partnership's future minimum lease payments, the
Partnership will sell the equipment or enter re-lease or renewal agreements when
considered advantageous by the General Partner and EFG. Such future remarketing
activities will result in the realization of additional cash inflows in the form
of equipment sale proceeds or rents from renewals and re-leases, the timing and
extent of which cannot be predicted with certainty. This is because the timing
and extent of remarketing events often is dependent upon the needs
5
and interests of the existing lessees. Some lessees may choose to renew their
lease contracts, while others may elect to return the equipment. In the latter
instances, the equipment could be re-leased to another lessee or sold to a
third-party. Accordingly, as the terms of the currently existing contractual
lease agreements expire, the cash flows of the Partnership will become less
predictable. In addition, the Partnership will have cash needs to pay management
fees and operating expenses.
The Partnership obtained long-term financing in connection with certain
equipment leases. The repayments of principal related to such indebtedness are
reported as a component of financing activities. The Partnership's indebtedness
was fully amortized on January 1, 1998.
There are no formal restrictions under the Restated Agreement, as amended,
that materially limit the Partnership's ability to pay cash distributions,
except that the General Partner may suspend or limit cash distributions to
ensure that the Partnership maintains sufficient working capital reserves to
cover, among other things, operating costs and potential expenditures, such as
refurbishment costs to remarket equipment upon lease expiration. Liquidity is
especially important as the Partnership matures and sells equipment, because the
remaining equipment base consists of fewer revenue-producing assets that are
available to cover prospective cash disbursements. Insufficient liquidity could
inhibit the Partnership's ability to sustain its operations or maximize the
realization of proceeds from remarketing its remaining assets.
In addition, the Partnership is a Nominal Defendant in a Class Action
Lawsuit described in Note 6 to the accompanying financial statements. A
preliminary settlement agreement will allow the Partnership to invest in new
equipment or other activities, subject to certain limitations, effective March
22, 1999. Until the Class Action Lawsuit is adjudicated, the General Partner
does not expect that the level of future quarterly cash distributions paid by
the Partnership will be increased above amounts paid in the fourth quarter of
1998. In addition, the proposed settlement, if effected, will materially change
the future organizational structure and business interests of the Partnership,
as well as its cash distribution policies. See Note 6 to the accompanying
financial statements.
Cash distributions to the General and Limited Partners are declared and
generally paid within fifteen days following the end of each calendar quarter.
The payment of such distributions is presented as a component of financing
activities. For the year ended December 31, 1998, the Partnership declared total
cash distributions of $226,351. In accordance with the Restated Agreement, as
amended, the Limited Partners were allocated 95% of these distributions, or
$215,033 and the General Partner was allocated 5%, or $11,318. The fourth
quarter 1998 cash distribution was paid on January 15, 1999.
Cash distributions paid to the Limited Partners consist of both a return of
and a return on capital. Cash distributions do not represent and are not
indicative of yield on investment. Actual yield on investment cannot be
determined with any certainty until conclusion of the Partnership and will be
dependent upon the collection of all future contracted rents, the generation of
renewal and/or re-lease rents, and the residual value realized for each asset at
its disposal date.
The Partnership's capital account balances for federal income tax and for
financial reporting purposes are different primarily due to differing treatments
of income and expense items for income tax purposes in comparison to financial
reporting purposes (generally referred to as permanent or timing differences;
see Note 5 to the financial statements). For instance, selling commissions and
organization and offering costs pertaining to syndication of the Partnership's
limited partnership units are not deductible for federal income tax purposes,
but are recorded as a reduction of partners' capital for financial reporting
purposes. Therefore, such differences are permanent differences between capital
accounts for financial reporting and federal income tax purposes. Other
differences between the bases of capital accounts for federal income tax and
financial reporting purposes occur due to timing differences. Such items consist
of the cumulative difference between income or loss for tax purposes and
financial statement income or loss and the difference between distributions
(declared vs. paid) for income tax and financial reporting purposes. The
principal component of the cumulative difference between financial statement
income or loss and tax income or loss results from different depreciation
policies for book and tax purposes.
For financial reporting purposes, the General Partner has accumulated a
capital deficit at December 31, 1998. This is the result of aggregate cash
distributions to the General Partner being in excess of its capital contribution
of $1,000 and its allocation of financial statement net income or loss.
Ultimately, the existence of a capital deficit for
6
the General Partner for financial reporting purposes is not indicative of any
further capital obligations to the Partnership by the General Partner. The
Amended and Restated Agreement and Certificate of Limited Partnership requires
that, upon the dissolution of the Partnership, the General Partner will be
required to contribute to the partnership an amount equal to any negative
balance which may exist in the General Partner's tax capital account. At
December 31, 1998, the General Partner had a positive tax capital account
balance.
The future liquidity of the Partnership will be influenced by, among other
factors, prospective market conditions, technological changes, the ability of
EFG to manage and remarket the assets, and many other events and circumstances,
that could enhance or detract from individual asset yields and the collective
performance of the Partnership's equipment portfolio. However, the outcome of
the Class Action Lawsuit described in Note 6 to the accompanying financial
statements will be the principal factor in determining the future of the
Partnership's operations.
7
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
To the Partners of American Income Fund I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership:
We have audited the accompanying statements of financial position of
American Income Fund I-B, a Massachusetts Limited Partnership, as of December
31, 1998 and 1997, and the related statements of operations, changes in
partners' capital, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 1998. These financial statements are the responsibility of
the Partnership's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on
these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing
standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material
misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting
the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes
assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of American Income Fund I-B, a
Massachusetts Limited Partnership at December 31, 1998 and 1997, and the results
of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 1998, in conformity with generally accepted accounting
principles.
Our audits were conducted for the purpose of forming an opinion on the
basic financial statements taken as a whole. The Additional Financial
Information identified in the Index to Annual Report to the Partners is
presented for purposes of additional analysis and is not a required part of the
basic financial statements. Such information has been subjected to the auditing
procedures applied in our audits of the basic financial statements and, in our
opinion, is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the basic
financial statements taken as a whole.
ERNST & YOUNG LLP
Boston, Massachusetts
March 10, 1999
8
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
December 31, 1998 and 1997
1998 1997
------------------- --------------------
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents $ 2,059,328 $ 1,442,855
Rents receivable 32,020 30,351
Accounts receivable - affiliate 41,508 76,072
Equipment at cost, net of accumulated
depreciation of $1,512,283 and $3,333,813
at December 31, 1998 and 1997, respectively 347,679 1,232,893
------------------- -------------------
Total assets $ 2,480,535 $ 2,782,171
------------------- -------------------
------------------- -------------------
LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL
Notes payable $ -- $ 22,990
Accrued interest -- 195
Accrued liabilities 222,500 9,200
Accrued liabilities - affiliate 6,449 15,272
Deferred rental income -- 20,866
Cash distributions payable to partners 56,588 56,588
------------------- -------------------
Total liabilities 285,537 125,111
------------------- -------------------
Partners' capital (deficit):
General Partner (207,621) (184,517)
Limited Partnership Interests
(286,711 Units; initial purchase
price of $25 each) 2,402,619 2,841,577
------------------- -------------------
Total partners' capital 2,194,998 2,657,060
------------------- -------------------
Total liabilities and partners' capital $ 2,480,535 $ 2,782,171
------------------- -------------------
------------------- -------------------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these financial statements.
9
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
1998 1997 1996
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Income:
Lease revenue $ 352,921 $ 658,262 $ 779,404
Interest income 82,442 79,405 83,113
Gain on sale of equipment 6,520 115,379 575,335
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Total income 441,883 853,046 1,437,852
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Expenses:
Depreciation 213,530 431,940 642,750
Interest expense -- 39,438 71,964
Equipment management fees
- affiliate 13,384 28,733 34,740
Operating expenses - affiliate 450,680 114,704 78,819
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Total expenses 677,594 614,815 828,273
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Net income (loss) $ (235,711) $ 238,231 $ 609,579
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Net income (loss)
per limited partnership unit $ (0.78) $ 0.79 $ 2.02
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Cash distributions declared
per limited partnership unit $ 0.75 $ 0.94 $ 1.38
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these financial statements.
10
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN PARTNERS' CAPITAL
for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
General Limited Partners
Partner ----------------------------------
Amount Units Amount Total
-------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
Balance at December 31, 1995 $ (192,012) 286,711 $ 2,699,182 $ 2,507,170
Net income - 1996 30,479 -- 579,100 609,579
Cash distributions declared (20,749) -- (394,230) (414,979)
-------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
Balance at December 31, 1996 (182,282) 286,711 2,884,052 2,701,770
Net income - 1997 11,912 -- 226,319 238,231
Cash distributions declared (14,147) -- (268,794) (282,941)
-------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
Balance at December 31, 1997 (184,517) 286,711 2,841,577 2,657,060
Net loss - 1998 (11,786) -- (223,925) (235,711)
Cash distributions declared (11,318) -- (215,033) (226,351)
-------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
Balance at December 31, 1998 $ (207,621) 286,711 $ 2,402,619 $ 2,194,998
-------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
-------------- -------------- -------------- --------------
The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these financial statements.
11
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
1998 1997 1996
---------------- ---------------- -----------
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities:
Net income (loss) $ (235,711) $ 238,231 $ 609,579
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss)
to net cash from operating activities:
Depreciation 213,530 431,940 642,750
Gain on sale of equipment (6,520) (115,379) (575,335)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Decrease (increase) in:
Rents receivable (1,669) (28,842) 331,314
Accounts receivable - affiliate 34,564 (37,425) 549,057
Increase (decrease) in:
Accrued interest (195) (3,688) (24,437)
Accrued liabilities 213,300 (13,550) (45,860)
Accrued liabilities - affiliate (8,823) (5,176) 13,358
Deferred rental income (20,866) (5,299) 26,165
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Net cash from operating activities 187,610 460,812 1,526,591
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Cash flows used in investing activities
Purchase of equipment -- (75,957) --
Proceeds from equipment sales 678,204 123,943 682,170
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Net cash from investing activities 678,204 47,986 682,170
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Cash flows used in financing activities:
Principal payments - notes payable (22,990) (703,106) (656,177)
Distributions paid (226,351) (301,804) (452,704)
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Net cash used in financing activities (249,341) (1,004,910) (1,108,881)
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Net increase (decrease) in cash
and cash equivalents 616,473 (496,112) 1,099,880
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 1,442,855 1,938,967 839,087
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $ 2,059,328 $ 1,442,855 $ 1,938,967
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the year for interest $ 195 $ 43,126 $ 96,401
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
---------------- ---------------- ----------------
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activity:
See Note 3 to the financial statements.
The accompanying notes are an integral part of
these financial statements.
12
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 1998
NOTE 1 - ORGANIZATION AND PARTNERSHIP MATTERS
American Income Fund I-B, a Massachusetts Limited Partnership (the
"Partnership") was organized as a limited partnership under the Massachusetts
Uniform Limited Partnership Act (the "Uniform Act") on December 31, 1990, for
the purpose of acquiring and leasing to third parties a diversified portfolio of
capital equipment. Partners' capital initially consisted of contributions of
$1,000 from the General Partner (AFG Leasing VI Incorporated) and $100 from the
Initial Limited Partner (AFG Assignor Corporation). On March 1, 1991, the
Partnership issued 286,711 units of limited partnership interest (the "Units")
to 453 investors. The Partnership's General Partner, AFG Leasing VI
Incorporated, is a Massachusetts corporation formed in 1990 and an affiliate of
Equis Financial Group Limited Partnership (formerly known as American Finance
Group), a Massachusetts limited partnership ("EFG"). The General Partner is not
required to make any other capital contributions except as may be required under
the Uniform Act and Section 6.1(b) of the Amended and Restated Agreement and
Certificate of Limited Partnership ("Restated Agreement, as amended").
Significant operations commenced March 1, 1991 when the Partnership made
its initial equipment purchase. Pursuant to the Restated Agreement, as amended,
Distributable Cash From Operations and Distributable Cash From Sales or
Refinancings will be allocated 95% to the Limited Partners and 5% to the General
Partner.
Under the terms of a Management Agreement between the Partnership and EFG,
management services are provided by EFG to the Partnership at fees which the
General Partner believes to be competitive for similar services (see Note 4).
EFG is a Massachusetts limited partnership formerly known as American
Finance Group ("AFG"). AFG was established in 1988 as a Massachusetts general
partnership and succeeded American Finance Group, Inc., a Massachusetts
corporation organized in 1980. EFG and its subsidiaries (collectively, the
"Company") are engaged in various aspects of the equipment leasing business,
including EFG's role as Manager or Advisor to the Partnership and several other
direct-participation equipment leasing programs sponsored or co-sponsored by EFG
(the "Other Investment Programs"). The Company arranges to broker or originate
equipment leases, acts as remarketing agent and asset manager, and provides
leasing support services, such as billing, collecting, and asset tracking.
The general partner of EFG, with a 1% controlling interest, is Equis
Corporation, a Massachusetts corporation owned and controlled entirely by Gary
D. Engle, its President, Chief Executive Officer and sole Director. Equis
Corporation also owns a controlling 1% general partner interest in EFG's 99%
limited partner, GDE Acquisition Limited Partnership ("GDE LP"). Equis
Corporation and GDE LP were established in December 1994 by Mr. Engle for the
sole purpose of acquiring the business of AFG.
In January 1996, the Company sold certain assets of AFG relating primarily
to the business of originating new leases, and the name "American Finance
Group", and its acronym, to a third-party. AFG changed its name to Equis
Financial Group Limited Partnership after the sale was concluded. Pursuant to
terms of the sale agreements, EFG specifically reserved the rights to continue
using the name American Finance Group and its acronym in connection with the
Partnership and the Other Investment Programs and to continue managing all
assets owned by the Partnership and the Other Investment Programs.
13
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Notes to the Financial Statements
(Continued)
NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
The Partnership considers liquid investment instruments purchased with a
maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. From time to time, the
Partnership invests excess cash with large institutional banks in federal agency
discount notes and reverse repurchase agreements with overnight maturities.
Under the terms of the agreements, title to the underlying securities passes to
the Partnership. The securities underlying the agreements are book entry
securities. At December 31, 1998, the Partnership had $1,950,200 invested in
federal agency discount notes and in reverse repurchase agreements secured by
U.S. Treasury Bills or interests in U.S. Government securities.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Rents are payable to the Partnership monthly or quarterly and no
significant amounts are calculated on factors other than the passage of time.
The leases are accounted for as operating leases and are noncancellable. Rents
received prior to their due dates are deferred. Future minimum rents of $397,847
are due as follows:
For the year ending December 31, 1999 $ 185,182
2000 116,936
2001 74,445
2002 21,284
-------------
Total $ 397,847
-------------
-------------
Revenue from major individual lessees which accounted for 10% or more of
lease revenue during the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996 is as
follows:
1998 1997 1996
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
General Motors Corporation $ 94,977 $ 110,455 $ 175,380
Awin Leasing Company, Inc. $ 91,622 $ 91,622 $ --
Horizon Air Industries, Inc. $ 44,050 $ 278,208 $ 278,206
Enseco Incorporated $ 38,616 $ -- $ --
Fred Meyer, Inc. $ -- $ -- $ 149,291
USE OF ESTIMATES
The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with generally
accepted accounting principles requires the use of estimates and assumptions
that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying
notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
EQUIPMENT ON LEASE
All equipment was acquired from EFG, one of its Affiliates or from
third-party sellers. Equipment Cost means the actual cost paid by the
Partnership to acquire the equipment, including acquisition fees. Where
equipment was acquired from EFG or an Affiliate, Equipment Cost reflects the
actual price paid for the equipment by EFG or the Affiliate plus all actual
costs incurred by EFG or the Affiliate while carrying the equipment, including
all liens and encumbrances, less the amount of all primary term rents earned by
EFG or the Affiliate prior to selling the equipment. Where the seller of the
equipment was a third party, Equipment Cost reflects the seller's invoice price.
14
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Notes to the Financial Statements
(Continued)
DEPRECIATION
The Partnership's depreciation policy is intended to allocate the cost of
equipment over the period during which it produces economic benefit. The
principal period of economic benefit is considered to correspond to each asset's
primary lease term, which term generally represents the period of greatest
revenue potential for each asset. Accordingly, to the extent that an asset is
held on primary lease term, the Partnership depreciates the difference between
(i) the cost of the asset and (ii) the estimated residual value of the asset on
a straight-line basis over such term. For purposes of this policy, estimated
residual values represent estimates of equipment values at the date of primary
lease expiration. To the extent that an asset is held beyond its primary lease
term, the Partnership continues to depreciate the remaining net book value of
the asset on a straight-line basis over the asset's remaining economic life.
Periodically, the General Partner evaluates the net carrying value of equipment
to determine whether it exceeds estimated net realizable value. Adjustments to
reduce the net carrying value of equipment are recorded in those instances where
estimated net realizable value is considered to be less than net carrying value.
To the extent that such adjustments have been recorded, they are reflected
separately on the accompanying Statement of Operations as Write-Down of
Equipment.
The ultimate realization of residual value for any type of equipment is
dependent upon many factors, including EFG's ability to sell and re-lease
equipment. Changing market conditions, industry trends, technological advances,
and many other events can converge to enhance or detract from asset values at
any given time.
ACCRUED LIABILITIES - AFFILIATE
Unpaid operating expenses and fees paid by EFG on behalf of the Partnership
and accrued but unpaid administrative charges and management fees are reported
as Accrued Liabilities - Affiliate (see Note 4).
ALLOCATION OF PROFITS AND LOSSES
For financial statement purposes, net income or loss is allocated to each
Partner according to their respective ownership percentages (95% to the Limited
Partners and 5% to the General Partner). See Note 5 for allocation of income or
loss for income tax purposes.
NET INCOME (LOSS) AND CASH DISTRIBUTIONS PER UNIT
Net income (loss) and cash distributions per Unit are based on 286,711
Units outstanding during each of the three years in the period ended December
31, 1998 and computed after allocation of the General Partner's 5% share of net
income (loss) and cash distributions.
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
No provision or benefit from income taxes is included in the accompanying
financial statements. The Partners are responsible for reporting their
proportionate shares of the Partnership's taxable income or loss and other tax
attributes on their tax returns.
NOTE 3 - EQUIPMENT
The following is a summary of equipment owned by the Partnership at
December 31, 1998. Remaining Lease Term (Months), as used below, represents the
number of months remaining from December 31, 1998 under contracted lease terms
and is presented as a range when more than one lease agreement is contained in
the stated equipment category. A Remaining Lease Term equal to zero reflects
equipment either held for sale or re-
15
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Notes to the Financial Statements
(Continued)
lease or being leased on a month-to-month basis. In the opinion of EFG, the
acquisition cost of the equipment did not exceed its fair market value.
Remaining
Lease Term Equipment
Equipment Type (Months) at cost Location
- ------------------------------ ------------- ----------------- ------------------------
Materials handling 0-17 $ 672,612 GA/MI/NV/OH/TX/UT
Trailers/intermodal containers 0-48 620,259 GA/MI/OK
Research and test 12-13 458,822 CA/CO
Communications 0 68,603 CO/FL/ID/WA
Construction and mining 3 39,666 IL
-----------------
Total equipment cost 1,859,962
Accumulated depreciation (1,512,283)
-----------------
Equipment, net of accumulated depreciation $ 347,679
-----------------
-----------------
During July 1996, the Partnership transferred its ownership interest in
certain trailers to a third party for cash consideration of $85,957. The
trailers had a net book value of $32,494 at the time of transfer, resulting in a
net gain of $53,463. In September 1996, the Partnership replaced certain of
these trailers with comparable trailers and leased such to a new lessee. The
transaction was structured as a like-kind exchange for income tax reporting
purposes. The net carrying value of the new trailers, $385,063, was net of
$41,241, representing the proportionate amount of gain, for financial statement
purposes, deferred on the original trailers. The Partnership funded this
transaction with $66,307 of the cash consideration and long-term financing of
$359,997. The unused consideration of $19,650 was recognized as proceeds from
equipment sales and the remainder of the net gain on sale of $12,222 was
recognized as Gain on Sale of Equipment during 1996.
In certain cases, the cost of the Partnership's equipment represents a
proportionate ownership interest. The remaining interests are owned by EFG or an
affiliated equipment leasing program sponsored by EFG. The Partnership and each
affiliate individually report, in proportion to their respective ownership
interests, their respective shares of assets, liabilities, revenues, and
expenses associated with the equipment. Proportionate equipment ownership
enabled the Partnership to further diversify its equipment portfolio at
inception by participating in the ownership of selected assets, thereby reducing
the general levels of risk which could have resulted from a concentration in any
single equipment type, industry or lessee. At December 31, 1998, the
Partnership's equipment portfolio included equipment having a proportionate
original cost of $151,529, representing approximately 8% of total equipment
cost.
Generally, the costs associated with maintaining, insuring and operating
the Partnership's equipment are incurred by the respective lessees pursuant to
terms specified in their individual lease agreements with the Partnership. As
equipment is sold to third parties, or otherwise disposed of, the Partnership
recognizes a gain or loss equal to the difference between the net book value of
the equipment at the time of sale or disposition and the proceeds realized upon
sale or disposition. The ultimate realization of estimated residual value in the
equipment is dependent upon, among other things, EFG's ability to maximize
proceeds from selling or re-leasing the equipment upon the expiration of the
primary lease terms. At December 31, 1998, the Partnership was not holding any
equipment not subject to a lease and no equipment was held for sale or re-lease.
The summary above includes equipment being leased on a month-to-month basis.
16
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Notes to the Financial Statements
(Continued)
NOTE 4 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
All operating expenses incurred by the Partnership are paid by EFG on
behalf of the Partnership and EFG is reimbursed at its actual cost for such
expenditures. Fees and other costs incurred during the years ended December 31,
1998, 1997 and 1996, which were paid or accrued by the Partnership to EFG or its
Affiliates, are as follows:
1998 1997 1996
------------------ ------------------ -------------------
Equipment management fees $ 13,384 $ 28,733 $ 34,740
Administrative charges 57,048 53,604 31,872
Reimbursable operating
expenses due to third parties 393,632 61,100 46,947
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Total $ 464,064 $ 143,437 $ 113,559
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
As provided under the terms of the Management Agreement, EFG is compensated
for its services to the Partnership. Such services include acquisition and
management of equipment. For acquisition services, EFG is compensated by an
amount equal to 2.23% of Equipment Base Price paid by the Partnership. For
management services, EFG is compensated by an amount equal to 5% of gross
operating lease rental revenues and 2% of gross full payout lease rental
revenues received by the Partnership. Both acquisition and management fees are
subject to certain limitations defined in the Management Agreement.
Administrative charges represent amounts owed to EFG, pursuant to Section
9.4(c) of the Restated Agreement, as amended, for persons employed by EFG who
are engaged in providing administrative services to the Partnership.
Reimbursable operating expenses due to third parties represent costs paid by EFG
on behalf of the Partnership which are reimbursed to EFG at actual cost.
All equipment was purchased from EFG, one of its affiliates, including
other equipment leasing programs sponsored by EFG, or from third-party sellers.
The Partnership's Purchase Price is determined by the method described in Note
2, Equipment on Lease.
All rents and proceeds from the sale of equipment are paid directly to
either EFG or to a lender. EFG temporarily deposits collected funds in a
separate interest-bearing escrow account prior to remittance to the Partnership.
At December 31, 1998, the Partnership was owed $41,508 by EFG for such funds and
the interest thereon. These funds were remitted to the Partnership in January
1999.
Certain affiliates of the General Partner own Units in the Partnership as
follows:
-------------------------------------------- ------------------------ -----------------------
Number of Percent of Total
Affiliate Units Owned Outstanding Units
-------------------------------------------- ------------------------ -----------------------
Atlantic Acquisition Limited Partnership 11,442 3.99%
-------------------------------------------- ------------------------ -----------------------
Old North Capital Limited Partnership 990 0.35%
-------------------------------------------- ------------------------ -----------------------
Atlantic Acquisition Limited Partnership ("AALP") and Old North Capital
Limited Partnership ("ONC") are both Massachusetts limited partnerships formed
in 1995 and affiliates of EFG. The general partners of AALP and ONC are
controlled by Gary D. Engle. In addition, the limited partnership interests
of ONC are owned by Semele Group, INc. ("Semele"). Gary D. Engle is Chairman
and CEO of Semele.
17
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Notes to the Financial Statements
(Continued)
NOTE 5 - INCOME TAXES
The Partnership is not a taxable entity for federal income tax purposes.
Accordingly, no provision for income taxes has been recorded in the accounts of
the Partnership.
For financial statement purposes, the Partnership allocates net income or
loss to each class of partner according to their respective ownership
percentages (95% to the Limited Partners and 5% to the General Partner). This
convention differs from the income or loss allocation requirements for income
tax and Dissolution Event purposes as delineated in the Restated Agreement, as
amended. For income tax purposes, the Partnership allocates net income or net
loss in accordance with the provisions of such agreement. The Restated
Agreement, as amended, requires that upon dissolution of the Partnership, the
General Partner will be required to contribute to the Partnership an amount
equal to any negative balance which may exist in the General Partner's tax
capital account. At December 31, 1998, the General Partner had a positive tax
capital account balance.
The following is a reconciliation between net income or loss reported for
financial statement and federal income tax reporting purposes for the years
ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996:
1998 1997 1996
------------------ ------------------ -------------------
Net income (loss) $ (235,711) $ 238,231 $ 609,579
Financial statement depreciation in
excess of (less than) tax depreciation (11,073) 34,752 61,886
Deferred rental income (20,866) (5,299) 26,165
Other 649,684 (9,136) 123,033
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Net income for federal income tax
Reporting purposes $ 382,034 $ 258,548 $ 820,663
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
The principal component of "Other" consists of the difference between the
tax gain or loss on equipment disposals and the financial statement gain or loss
on disposals.
The following is a reconciliation between partners' capital reported for
financial statement and federal income tax reporting purposes for the years
ended December 31, 1998 and 1997:
1998 1997
------------------ -------------------
Partners' capital $ 2,194,998 $ 2,657,060
Add back selling commissions and organization
and offering costs 801,375 801,375
Financial statement distributions in excess of
tax distributions 2,829 2,829
Cumulative difference between federal income tax
and financial statement income (loss) (208,606) (826,351)
------------------ ------------------
Partners' capital for federal income tax reporting purposes $ 2,790,596 $ 2,634,913
------------------ ------------------
------------------ ------------------
18
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Notes to the Financial Statements
(Continued)
Financial statement distributions in excess of tax distributions and
cumulative difference between federal income tax and financial statement income
(loss) represent timing differences.
NOTE 6 - LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
In January 1998, certain plaintiffs (the "Plaintiffs") filed a class and
derivative action, captioned LEONARD ROSENBLUM, ET AL. V. EQUIS FINANCIAL GROUP
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, ET AL., in the United States District Court for the
Southern District of Florida (the "Court") on behalf of a proposed class of
investors in 28 equipment leasing programs sponsored by EFG, including the
Partnership (collectively, the "Nominal Defendants"), against EFG and a number
of its affiliates, including the General Partner, as defendants (collectively,
the "Defendants"). Certain of the Plaintiffs, on or about June 24, 1997, had
filed an earlier derivative action, captioned LEONARD ROSENBLUM, ET AL. V. EQUIS
FINANCIAL GROUP LIMITED PARTNERSHIP, ET AL., in the Superior Court of the
Commonwealth of Massachusetts on behalf of the Nominal Defendants against the
Defendants. Both actions are referred to herein collectively as the "Class
Action Lawsuit."
The Plaintiffs have asserted, among other things, claims against the
Defendants on behalf of the Nominal Defendants for violations of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, common law fraud, breach of contract, breach of fiduciary
duty, and violations of the partnership or trust agreements that govern each of
the Nominal Defendants. The Defendants have denied, and continue to deny, that
any of them have committed or threatened to commit any violations of law or
breached any fiduciary duties to the Plaintiffs or the Nominal Defendants.
On July 16, 1998, counsel for the Defendants and the Plaintiffs executed a
Stipulation of Settlement setting forth terms pursuant to which a settlement of
the Class Action Lawsuit is intended to be achieved and which, among other
things, is expected to reduce the burdens and expenses attendant to continuing
litigation. The Stipulation of Settlement was based upon and superseded a
Memorandum of Understanding between the parties dated March 9, 1998 which
outlined the terms of a possible settlement. The Stipulation of Settlement was
filed with the Court on July 23, 1998 and was preliminarily approved by the
Court on August 20, 1998 when the Court issued its "Order Preliminarily
Approving Settlement, Conditionally Certifying Settlement Class and Providing
for Notice of, and Hearing on, the Proposed Settlement" (the "August 20 Order").
Prior to issuing a final order, the Court will hold a fairness hearing that will
be open to all interested parties and permit any party to object to the
settlement. The investors of the Partnership and all other plaintiff class
members in the Class Action Lawsuit will receive a Notice of Settlement and
other information pertinent to the settlement of their claims that will be
mailed to them in advance of the fairness hearing. Since first executing the
Stipulation of Settlement, the Court has scheduled two fairness hearings, the
first on December 11, 1998 and the second on March 19, 1999, each of which was
postponed because of delays in finalizing certain information materials that are
subject to regulatory review prior to being distributed to investors.
On March 15, 1999, counsel for the Plaintiffs and the Defendants entered
into an amended stipulation of settlement (the "Amended Stipulation") which was
filed with the Court on March 15, 1999. The Amended Stipulation was
preliminarily approved by the Court by its "Modified Order Preliminarily
Approving Settlement, Conditionally Certifying Settlement Class and Providing
For Notice of, and Hearing On, the Proposed Settlement" dated March 22, 1999
(the "March 22 Order"). The Amended Stipulation, among other things, divides the
Class Action Lawsuit into two separate sub-classes that can be settled
individually. This revision is expected to expedite the settlement of one
sub-class by the middle of 1999. However, the second sub-class, involving the
Partnership and 10 affiliated partnerships (collectively referred to as the
"Exchange Partnerships"), is expected to remain pending for a longer period due,
in part, to the complexity of the proposed settlement pertaining to this class.
19
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Notes to the Financial Statements
(Continued)
Specifically, the settlement of the second sub-class is premised on the
consolidation of the Exchange Partnerships' net assets (the "Consolidation"),
subject to certain conditions, into a single successor company ("Newco"). Under
the proposed Consolidation, the partners of the Exchange Partnerships would
receive both common stock in Newco and a cash distribution; and thereupon the
Exchange Partnerships would be dissolved. In addition, EFG would contribute
certain management contracts, operations personnel, and business opportunities
to Newco and cancel its current management contracts with all of the Exchange
Partnerships. Newco would operate as a finance company specializing in the
acquisition, financing and servicing of equipment leases for its own account and
for the account of others on a contract basis. Newco also would use its best
efforts to list its shares on the Nasdaq National Market or another national
exchange or market as soon after the Consolidation as Newco deems that market
conditions and its business operations are suitable for listing its shares and
Newco has satisfied all necessary regulatory and listing requirements. The
potential benefits and risks of the Consolidation will be presented in a
Solicitation Statement that will be mailed to all of the partners of the
Exchange Partnerships as soon as the associated regulatory review process is
completed and at least 60 days prior to the fairness hearing. A preliminary
Solicitation Statement was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on
August 24, 1998 and remains pending. Class members will be notified of the
actual fairness hearing date when it is confirmed.
One of the principal objectives of the Consolidation is to create a company
that would have the potential to generate more value for the benefit of existing
limited partners than other alternatives, including continuing the Partnership's
customary business operations until all of its assets are disposed in the
ordinary course of business. To facilitate the realization of this objective,
the Amended Stipulation provides, among other things, that commencing March 22,
1999, the Exchange Partnerships may collectively invest up to 40% of the total
aggregate net asset values of all of the Exchange Partnerships in any
investment, including additional equipment and other business activities that
the general partners of the Exchange Partnerships and EFG reasonably believe to
be consistent with the anticipated business interests and objectives of Newco,
subject to certain limitations, including that the Exchange Partnerships retain
sufficient cash balances to pay their respective shares of the cash distribution
referenced above in connection with the proposed Consolidation.
In the absence of the Court's authorization to enter into such activities,
the Partnership's Restated Agreement, as amended, would not permit new
investment activities without the approval of limited partners owning a majority
of the Partnership's outstanding Units. Accordingly, to the extent that the
Partnership invests in new equipment, the Manager (being EFG) will (i) defer,
until the earlier of the effective date of the Consolidation or December 31,
1999, any acquisition fees resulting therefrom and (ii) limit its management
fees on all such assets to 2% of rental income. In the event that the
Consolidation is consummated, all such acquisition and management fees will be
paid to Newco. To the extent that the Partnership invests in other business
activities not consisting of equipment acquisitions, the Manager will forego any
acquisition fees and management fees related to such investments. In the event
that the Partnership has acquired new investments, but the Partnership does not
participate in the Consolidation, Newco will acquire such new investments for an
amount equal to the Partnership's net equity investment plus an annualized
return thereon of 7.5%. Finally, in the event that the Partnership has acquired
new investments and the Consolidation is not effected, the General Partner will
use its best efforts to divest all such new investments in an orderly and timely
fashion and the Manager will cancel or return to the Partnership any acquisition
or management fees resulting from such new investments.
The Amended Stipulation and previous Stipulation of Settlement prescribe
certain conditions necessary to effecting final settlements, including providing
the partners of the Exchange Partnerships with the opportunity to object to the
participation of their partnership in the Consolidation. Assuming the proposed
settlement is effected according to present terms, the Partnership's share of
legal fees and expenses related to the Class Action Lawsuit is estimated to be
approximately $50,500, all of which was accrued and expensed by the Partnership
in 1998. In addition, the Partnership's share of fees and expenses related to
the proposed Consolidation is estimated to be approximately $210,700, all of
which was accrued and expensed by the Partnership in 1998.
20
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
Notes to the Financial Statements
(Continued)
While the Court's August 20 Order enjoined certain class members, including
all of the partners of the Partnership, from transferring, selling, assigning,
giving, pledging, hypothecating, or otherwise disposing of any Units pending the
Court's final determination of whether the settlement should be approved, the
March 22 Order permits the partners to transfer Units to family members or as a
result of the divorce, disability or death of the partner. No other transfers
are permitted pending the Court's final determination of whether the settlement
should be approved. The provision of the August 20 Order which enjoined the
General Partners of the Exchange Partnerships from, among other things,
recording any transfers not in accordance with the Court's order remains
effective.
There can be no assurance that settlement of either sub-class of the Class
Action Lawsuit will receive final Court approval and be effected. There also can
be no assurance that all or any of the Exchange Partnerships will participate in
the Consolidation because if limited partners owning more than one-third of the
outstanding Units of a partnership object to the Consolidation, then that
partnership will be excluded from the Consolidation. The General Partner and its
affiliates, in consultation with counsel, concur that there is a reasonable
basis to believe that final settlements of each sub-class will be achieved.
However, in the absence of final settlements approved by the Court, the
Defendants intend to defend vigorously against the claims asserted in the Class
Action Lawsuit. Neither the General Partner nor its affiliates can predict with
any degree of certainty the cost of continuing litigation to the Partnership or
the ultimate outcome. In addition to the foregoing, the Partnership is a party
to other lawsuits that have arisen out of the conduct of its business,
principally involving disputes or disagreements with lessees over lease terms
and conditions. The following action had not been finally adjudicated at
December 31, 1998:
ACTION INVOLVING NATIONAL STEEL CORPORATION
EFG, on behalf of the Partnership and certain affiliated investment
programs (collectively, the "Plaintiffs"), filed an action in the Commonwealth
of Massachusetts Superior Court, Department of the Trial Court in and for the
County of Suffolk on July 27, 1995, for damages and declaratory relief against a
lessee of the Partnership, National Steel Corporation ("National Steel"). The
Complaint seeks reimbursement from National Steel of certain sales and/or use
taxes paid to the State of Illinois in connection with equipment leased by
National Steel from the Plaintiffs and other remedies provided under the Master
Lease Agreement ("MLA"). On August 30, 1995, National Steel filed a Notice of
Removal, which removed the case to United States District Court, District of
Massachusetts. On September 7, 1995, National Steel filed its Answer to the
Plaintiff's Complaint along with Affirmative Defenses and Counterclaims and
sought declaratory relief, alleging breach of contract, implied covenant of good
faith and fair dealing, and specific performance. The Plaintiffs filed an Answer
to National Steel's Counterclaims on September 29, 1995. The parties discussed
settlement with respect to this matter for some time; however, the negotiations
were unsuccessful. The Plaintiffs filed an Amended and Supplemental Complaint
alleging further default under the MLA and filed a motion for Summary Judgment
on all claims and Counterclaims. The Court held a hearing on the Plaintiff's
motion in December 1997 and later entered a decision dismissing certain of
National Steel's Counterclaims, finding in favor of the Plaintiffs on certain
issues and in favor of National Steel on other issues. In March 1999, the
Plaintiffs obtained payment for certain of the disputed items and have resumed
settlement discussions to resolve remaining issues. The General Partner does not
believe that the resolution of the remaining claims will have a material adverse
effect on the Partnership's financial position or results of operations.
21
ADDITIONAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
SCHEDULE OF EXCESS (DEFICIENCY) OF TOTAL CASH GENERATED TO COST
OF EQUIPMENT DISPOSED
for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996
The Partnership classifies all rents from leasing equipment as lease
revenue. Upon expiration of the primary lease terms, equipment may be sold,
rented on a month-to-month basis or re-leased for a defined period under a new
or extended lease agreement. The proceeds generated from selling or re-leasing
the equipment, in addition to any month-to-month revenue, represent the total
residual value realized for each item of equipment. Therefore, the financial
statement gain or loss, which reflects the difference between the net book value
of the equipment at the time of sale or disposition and the proceeds realized
upon sale or disposition may not reflect the aggregate residual proceeds
realized by the Partnership for such equipment.
The following is a summary of cash excess associated with equipment
dispositions occurring in the years ended December 31, 1998, 1997 and 1996.
1998 1997 1996
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Rents earned prior to disposal of
equipment, net of interest charges $ 2,119,870 $ 531,173 $ 3,329,290
Sale proceeds realized upon disposition
of equipment 678,204 123,943 682,170
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Total cash generated from rents
and equipment sale proceeds 2,798,074 655,116 4,011,460
Original acquisition cost of equipment
disposed 2,706,744 567,366 3,411,228
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Excess of total cash generated to cost
of equipment disposed $ 91,330 $ 87,750 $ 600,232
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
23
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
STATEMENT OF CASH AND DISTRIBUTABLE CASH FROM OPERATIONS,
SALES AND REFINANCINGS
for the year ended December 31, 1998
Sales and
Operations Refinancings Total
------------------ ------------------ -------------------
Net income (loss) $ (242,231) $ 6,520 $ (235,711)
Add:
Depreciation 213,530 -- 213,530
Management fees 13,384 -- 13,384
Book value of disposed equipment -- 671,684 671,684
Less:
Principal reduction of notes payable (22,990) -- (22,990)
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Cash from operations, sales and
refinancings (38,307) 678,204 639,897
Less:
Management fees (13,384) -- (13,384)
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Distributable cash from operations,
sales and refinancings (51,691) 678,204 626,513
Other sources and uses of cash:
Cash at beginning of year 1,442,855 -- 1,442,855
Net change in receivables and
accruals 216,311 -- 216,311
Less:
Cash distributions paid -- (226,351) (226,351)
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
Cash at end of year $ 1,607,475 $ 451,853 $ 2,059,328
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
------------------ ------------------ ------------------
24
AMERICAN INCOME FUND I-B,
a Massachusetts Limited Partnership
SCHEDULE OF COSTS REIMBURSED TO THE
GENERAL PARTNER AND ITS AFFILIATES AS REQUIRED
BY SECTION 9.4 OF THE AMENDED AND RESTATED
AGREEMENT AND CERTIFICATE OF LIMITED PARTNERSHIP
December 31, 1998
For the year ended December 31, 1998, the Partnership reimbursed the
General Partner and its Affiliates for the following costs:
Operating expenses $ 242,875
25