EXHIBIT 3.1

                         CERTIFICATE OF DETERMINATION OF
                      SERIES E CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK
                                       OF
                              ALTRIS SOFTWARE, INC.

      The undersigned, Roger H. Erickson and John W. Low, hereby certify that:

      I. They are the duly elected and acting President and Secretary,
respectively, of Altris Software, Inc., a California corporation (the
"Company").

      II. The Company has 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized, of
which 478,261 shares have been previously designated as Series A Preferred
Stock, none of which are issued and outstanding as of the date hereof; 172,500
shares have been previously designated as Series B Convertible Preferred Stock,
none of which are issued and outstanding as of the date hereof; 100,000 shares
have been previously designated as Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, none of
which are issued and outstanding as of the date hereof; and 3,000 shares have
been previously designated as Series D Convertible Preferred Stock, 3,000 of
which are issued and outstanding as of the date hereof. No other series of
preferred stock has been designated and no other shares of preferred stock have
been issued. The number of shares of preferred stock to be designated as Series
E Convertible Preferred Stock is 3,000, none of which are issued and
outstanding.

      III. The holders of at least two-thirds of the issued and outstanding
shares of Series D Convertible Preferred Stock have approved this Certificate of
Determination of Series E Convertible Preferred Stock.

      IV. Pursuant to authority given to it by the Company's Articles of
Incorporation, the Board of Directors of the Company has duly adopted the
following recitals and resolutions.

      WHEREAS, the Articles of Incorporation of the Company, as amended, provide
for a class of shares known as preferred stock issuable from time to time in one
or more series;

      WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company is authorized, within the
limitations and restrictions stated in the Articles of Incorporation, to
determine and alter the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions granted
to or imposed upon any wholly unissued series of preferred stock, to fix the
number of shares constituting any such series and to determine the designation
thereof;


      WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company desires, pursuant to its
authority as aforesaid, to designate a new series of preferred stock and the
number of shares constituting such series and to fix the rights, preferences,
privileges and restrictions of such series.

      NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the Board of Directors of the Company
hereby designates a new series of preferred stock and the number of shares
constituting such series and fixes the rights, preferences, privileges and
restrictions relating to such series as follows:

      1. Designation, Amount, Ranking and Par Value. The series of Preferred
Stock shall be designated as the Series E Convertible Preferred Stock (the
"Preferred Stock") and the number of shares so designated shall be 3,000. The
par value of each share of Preferred Stock shall be $1.00. Each share of
Preferred Stock shall have a stated value of $1,000.00 per share (the "Stated
Value"). The shares of the Preferred Stock shall rank senior to all other shares
of preferred stock (unless otherwise approved under Section 3) and Common Stock
as to distribution of assets (upon liquidation or otherwise) and payment of
dividends.

      2. Dividends.

            (a) Holders of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, when
and as declared by the Board of Directors of the Company out of funds legally
available therefor, cumulative cash dividends at the rate per share (as a
percentage of the Stated Value per share) equal to 11.5% per annum, payable
quarterly in arrears on March 1, June 1, September 1 and December 1 in each
year, with the first dividend payable on June 1, 1999. Dividends on the
Preferred Stock shall accrue on March 1, June 1, September 1 and December 1 of
each year beginning on June 1, 1999 and shall be deemed to accrue on such date
whether or not earned or declared. Each such dividend will be payable to holders
of record as they appear on the books of the Company on such record dates, which
shall be 30 days prior to the payment dates thereof unless another record date,
which shall be no more than 45 days prior to such payment dates, shall be fixed
by the Board of Directors of the Company. The party that holds the Preferred
Stock on an applicable record date for any dividend payment will be entitled to
receive such dividend payment and any other accrued and unpaid dividends which
were accrued prior to such dividend payment date, without regard to any sale or
disposition of such Preferred Stock subsequent to the applicable record date but
prior to the applicable dividend payment date. The Company shall pay interest on
all accrued but unpaid dividends at an annual rate of 11.5% compounded annually
from the date of accrual until paid.

      (b) So long as any Preferred Stock shall remain outstanding, in no event
shall any dividend or distribution (other than a dividend or distribution
described in Section 5) be paid upon, nor shall any distribution be made in
respect of, the Junior Stock, nor shall any monies be set aside for or applied
to the purchase or redemption (through a sinking fund or otherwise) of the
Junior Stock unless all dividends on the Preferred Stock for all past dividend
periods shall have been paid, plus interest at an annual rate of 11.5%
compounded annually from the date of accrual until paid.


      3. Voting Rights. The holder of each share of Preferred Stock shall be
entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to the vote of the holders of
Common Stock, and shall vote as a class with the holders of Common Stock.
Provided, so long as any shares of the Preferred Stock are outstanding, the
Company shall not, without the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of
the outstanding shares of the Preferred Stock, (i) alter or change adversely the
powers, preferences or rights given to the Preferred Stock, or (ii) authorize or
create any class of stock or series of preferred stock ranking as to dividends
or distribution of assets (upon liquidation or otherwise) prior to or pari passu
with the Preferred Stock.

      4. Liquidation. In the event of any complete liquidation, dissolution or
winding-up of the Company, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of
shares of the Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive out of the assets of
the Company, whether such assets are capital or surplus, for each share of the
Preferred Stock an amount equal to $1,000.00 per share, plus (i) an amount equal
to accrued but unpaid dividends per share, whether declared or not, and (ii)
interest on all accrued but unpaid dividends at an annual rate of 11.5%
compounded annually from the date of accrual until paid, before any distribution
shall be made to the holders of Junior Stock of the Company, and if the assets
of the Company shall be insufficient to pay in full such amounts, then such
assets shall be distributed among such holders ratably in accordance with the
respective amounts that would be payable on such shares if all amounts payable
thereon were paid in full.

      5. Conversion.

      (a)(i) Each share of Preferred Stock shall be convertible into shares of
Common Stock at the Conversion Ratio (subject to reduction under Section
5(a)(ii)), at the option of the holder, in whole or in part at any time. The
holder shall effect conversions by delivering to the Company a written notice
(the "Conversion Notice"), accompanied by the certificate representing the
shares of the Preferred Stock to be converted. Each Conversion Notice shall
specify the number of shares of Preferred Stock to be converted and the date on
which such conversion is to be effected (the "Conversion Date"), which shall in
no event be earlier than the date such Conversion Notice is given in accordance
with Section 5(j) below. Each Conversion Notice, once given, shall be
irrevocable (subject to Section 5(b) below). If the holder is converting less
than all shares of Preferred Stock, the Company shall promptly deliver to the
holder a certificate for such number of shares of Preferred Stock as have not
been converted.

      (ii) If on the Conversion Date applicable to any conversion, the
Conversion Price (as defined below) then in effect is such that the aggregate
number of shares of Common Stock that would then be issuable upon conversion of
all then-outstanding shares of Preferred Stock, when combined with (i) any
shares of Common Stock previously issued upon conversion of any shares of
Preferred Stock and (ii) any shares of Common Stock issued or issuable upon the
exercise of warrants to purchase shares of the Common Stock pursuant to the
Stock Purchase Warrant, Convertible Preferred Stock Contingent Stock Purchase
Warrant and Subordinated Debenture Contingent Stock Purchase Warrant, each
granted by the Company to the initial purchaser of the


Preferred Stock (all such warrants will be collectively referred to herein as
the "Warrants"), would equal or exceed approximately 1,906,692 shares of Common
Stock (the "Issuable Maximum"), then the Company shall be obligated to effect
the conversion of only such portion of each share of Preferred Stock subject to
such conversion as is represented by the Conversion Percentage, and the
remaining portion of such share shall be subject to the mandatory redemption
provisions of Section 6.

      The Conversion Percentage shall be a fraction, the numerator of which is
the Allowable Conversion Maximum and the denominator of which is the total
number of shares of Preferred Stock outstanding prior to such conversion. The
Allowable Conversion Maximum at any time shall be the difference between the
Issuable Maximum and the total number of shares of Common Stock (i) previously
issued upon conversion of shares of Preferred Stock and (ii) issued or issuable
upon exercise of the Warrants. In the event of any stock split, stock dividend,
recapitalization, reorganization or other similar action or event, appropriate
adjustment shall be made to the Issuable Maximum and the Allowable Conversion
Maximum.

      (b) Three Trading Days after the Conversion Date, the Company will deliver
to the holder (i) a certificate or certificates which shall be free of
restrictive legends and trading restrictions (other than those then required by
law), representing the number of shares of Common Stock being acquired upon the
conversion of shares of Preferred Stock (subject to any reduction required
pursuant to Section 5(a)(ii)), and (ii) subject to Section 6 below, the
certificate representing the number of shares of Preferred Stock not converted;
provided, however that the Company shall not be obligated to issue certificates
evidencing the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of any shares of
Preferred Stock (or with respect to shares subject to redemption pursuant to
Section 5(a)(ii) and 6, to pay the redemption price payable under Section 6),
until certificates evidencing such shares of Preferred Stock are either
delivered to the Company or any transfer agent for the Preferred Stock or Common
Stock, or the holder notifies the Company that such certificates have been lost,
stolen or destroyed and provides a bond (or other adequate security acceptable
to the Company) satisfactory to the Company to indemnify the Company from any
loss incurred by it in connection therewith. In the case of a conversion
pursuant to a Conversion Notice, if such certificate or certificates are not
delivered by the date required under this Section 5(b), the holder shall be
entitled by written notice to the Company at any time on or before such holder's
receipt of such certificate or certificates thereafter, to rescind such
conversion, in which event the Company shall immediately return the certificates
representing the shares of Preferred Stock tendered for conversion.

      (c)(i) The Conversion Price (the "Conversion Price") in effect on any
Conversion Date shall be $1.90.

      (ii) If the Company, at any time while any shares of Preferred Stock are
outstanding, (a) shall pay a stock dividend or otherwise make a distribution or
distributions on shares of its Junior Stock payable in shares of its capital
stock (whether payable in shares of its Common Stock or of capital stock of any
class), (b) subdivide outstanding shares of Common Stock into larger number of
shares, (c) combine outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of
shares, or (d) issue by reclassification of shares of Common Stock any shares of
capital stock


of the Company, the Conversion Price designated in Section 5(c)(i) shall be
multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of
Common Stock of the Company outstanding before such event and of which the
denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding after such
event. Any adjustment made pursuant to this Section 5(c)(ii) shall become
effective immediately after the record date in the case of a dividend or
distribution and shall become effective immediately after the effective date in
the case of a subdivision, combination or reclassification.

      (iii) In case the Company, at any time while any shares of the Preferred
Stock are outstanding, shall issue rights or warrants to all holders of Common
Stock entitling them to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock at a
price per share less than the Per Share Market Value of Common Stock at the
record date mentioned below, the Conversion Price designated in Section 5(c)(i)
shall be multiplied by a fraction, of which the denominator shall be the number
of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding on the
date of issuance of such rights or warrants plus the number of additional shares
of Common Stock offered for subscription or purchase, and of which the numerator
shall be the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if
any) outstanding on the date of issuance of such rights or warrants plus the
number of shares which the aggregate offering price of the total number of
shares so offered would purchase at such Per Share Market Value. Such adjustment
shall be made whenever such rights or warrants are issued, and shall become
effective immediately after the record date for the determination of
stockholders entitled to receive such rights or warrants. However, upon the
expiration of any right or warrant to purchase Common Stock the issuance of
which resulted in an adjustment in the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section
5(c)(iii), if such right or warrant shall expire and shall not have been
exercised, the Conversion Price shall immediately upon such expiration be
recomputed and effective immediately upon such expiration be increased to the
price which it would have been (but reflecting any other adjustments in the
Conversion Price made pursuant to the provisions of this Section 5 after the
issuance of such rights or warrants) had the adjustment of the Conversion Price
made upon the issuance of such rights or warrants been made on the basis of
offering for subscription or purchase only that number of shares of Common Stock
actually purchased upon the exercise of such rights or warrants actually
exercised.

      (iv) In case the Company, at any time while any shares of the Preferred
Stock are outstanding, shall issue (A) options or warrants entitling the holder
to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock at an exercise price less
than the Conversion Price, or (B) securities convertible into Common Stock at a
conversion price less than the Conversion Price (in either of (A) or (B) other
than with respect to such issuances or grants of options, warrants or securities
convertible into Common Stock (1) under the Company's Amended and Restated 1996
Stock Incentive Plan or pursuant to a successor plan thereof, (2) in connection
with any merger or acquisition involving the Company and (3) in connection with
the issuance of options, warrants or convertible securities to the initial
purchaser of the Series D Convertible Preferred Stock of the Company or any
successor to any of the rights which were granted to such initial purchaser as a
result of or in connection with the purchase of the Series D Convertible
Preferred Stock of the Company or any of the Company's 11.5% Subordinated
Debentures which were purchased by


such initial purchaser), then the Conversion Price designated in Section 5(c)(i)
shall be multiplied by a fraction, of which the denominator shall be the number
of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any) outstanding on the
date of issuance of such options, warrants or convertible securities, as the
case may be, plus the number of additional shares of Common Stock offered for
subscription, purchase or conversion into, and of which the numerator shall be
the number of shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares, if any)
outstanding on the date of issuance of such options, warrants or convertible
securities, as the case may be, plus the number of shares which the aggregate
exercise or conversion price (as the case may be) of the total number of shares
issuable upon exercise or conversion of such options, warrants or convertible
securities would purchase at the Conversion Price. Such adjustment shall be made
whenever such options, warrants or convertible securities are issued at an
exercise or conversion price less than the Conversion Price, and such adjustment
shall become effective immediately after the date on which such options,
warrants or convertible securities are issued at an exercise or conversion price
less than the Conversion Price. However, upon the expiration of any option or
warrant to purchase or subscribe for Common Stock, or upon the expiration of the
conversion feature of a convertible security, the issuance of any of which
resulted in an adjustment in the Conversion Price pursuant to this Section
5(c)(iv), if such option, warrant or the conversion feature of a convertible
security shall expire and shall not have been exercised, the Conversion Price
shall immediately upon such expiration be recomputed and effective immediately
upon such expiration be increased to the price which it would have been (but
reflecting any other adjustments in the Conversion Price made pursuant to the
provisions of this Section 5 after the issuance of such options, warrants or
convertible securities) had the adjustment of the Conversion Price made upon the
issuance of such options, warrants or convertible securities been made on the
basis of offering for purchase, subscription or conversion into only that number
of shares of Common Stock actually purchased, subscribed for or converted into
upon the exercise or conversion of such options, warrants or convertible
securities actually exercised or converted.

      (v) In case the Company, at any time while shares of Preferred Stock are
outstanding, shall distribute to all holders of Common Stock (and not to holders
of Preferred Stock) evidences of its indebtedness or assets or rights or
warrants, to subscribe for or purchase any security (excluding those referred to
in Section 5(c)(iii) above) then in each such case the Conversion Price at which
each share of the Preferred Stock shall thereafter be convertible shall be
determined by multiplying the Conversion Price in effect prior to the record
date fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to receive such
distribution by a fraction of which the denominator shall be the Per Share
Market Value of Common Stock determined as of the record date mentioned above,
and of which the numerator shall be such Per Share Market Value of the Common
Stock on such record date less the then fair market value at such record date of
the portion of such assets or evidence of indebtedness so distributed applicable
to one outstanding share of Common Stock as determined by the Board of Directors
of the Company in good faith; provided, however that in the event of a
distribution exceeding ten percent of the net assets of the Company, then such
fair market value shall be determined by a nationally recognized or major
regional investment banking firm or firm of independent certified public
accountants of recognized standing (which may be the firm that regularly
examines the financial statements of


the Company) (an "Appraiser") selected in good faith by the holders of a
majority in interest of the shares of Preferred Stock; and provided, further
than the Company, after receipt of the determination by such Appraiser shall
have the right to select an additional Appraiser, in which case the fair market
value shall be equal to the average of the determination by each such Appraiser.
In either case the adjustments shall be described in a statement provided to all
holders of Preferred Stock of the portion of assets or evidences of indebtedness
so distributed or such subscription rights applicable to one share of Common
Stock. Such adjustment shall be made whenever any such distribution is made and
shall become effective immediately after the record date mentioned above.

      (vi) All calculations under this Section 5 shall be made to the nearest
cent or the nearest 1/100th of a share, as the case may be.

      (vii) Whenever the Conversion Price is adjusted pursuant to Section
5(c)(ii), (iii), (iv), (v) or (vi), the Company shall promptly mail to each
holder of shares of Preferred Stock, a notice setting forth the Conversion Price
after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of the facts requiring
such adjustment.

      (viii) In case of any reclassification of the Common Stock, any
consolidation or merger of the Company with or into another person, sale or
transfer of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or any
compulsory share exchange pursuant to which share exchange the Common Stock is
converted into other securities, cash or property, then the holders of the
shares of Preferred Stock then outstanding shall have the right thereafter to
convert such shares only into the kind and amount of shares of stock and other
securities and property receivable upon or deemed to be held following such
reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange by a
holder of a number of shares of the Common Stock of the Company into which such
shares of Preferred Stock could have been converted immediately prior to such
reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer or share exchange. The
terms of any such consolidation, merger, sale transfer or share exchange shall
include such terms so as to continue to give to the holder of shares of
Preferred Stock the right to receive the securities or property set forth in
this Section 5(c)(viii) upon any conversion following such consolidation,
merger, sale, transfer or share exchange. This provision shall similarly apply
to successive reclassifications, consolidations, mergers, sales, transfers or
share exchanges.

      (ix) In case:

            (A) the Company shall declare a dividend (or any other distribution)
      on its Common Stock; or

            (B) the Company shall declare a special nonrecurring cash dividend
      on or a redemption of its Common Stock; or

            (C) the Company shall authorize the granting to all holders of the
      Common Stock rights or warrants to subscribe for or purchase any shares of
      capital stock of any class or of any rights; or


            (D) the approval of any stockholders of the Company shall be
      required in connection with any reclassification of the Common Stock of
      the Company (other than a subdivision or combination of the outstanding
      shares of Common Stock), any consolidation or merger to which the Company
      is a party, any sale or transfer of all or substantially all of the assets
      of the Company, or any compulsory share exchange whereby the Common Stock
      is converted into other securities, cash or property; or

            (E) of the voluntary or involuntary dissolution, liquidation or
      winding up of the affairs of the Company;

then the Company shall cause to be filed at each office or agency maintained for
the purpose of conversion of the shares of Preferred Stock, and shall cause to
be mailed to the holders of the shares of Preferred Stock at their last
addresses as they shall appear upon the stock books of the Company, at least 10
calendar days prior to the applicable record or effective date hereinafter
specified, a notice stating (x) the date on which a record is to be taken for
the purpose of such dividend, distribution, redemption, rights or warrants, or
if a record is not to be taken, the date as of which the holders of Common Stock
of record to be entitled to such dividend, distributions, redemption, rights or
warrants are to be determined, or (y) the date on which such reclassification,
consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, share exchange, dissolution, liquidation
or winding-up is expected to become effective, and the date as of which it is
expected that holders of Common Stock of record shall be entitled to exchange
their shares of Common Stock for securities or other property deliverable upon
such reclassification, consolidation, merger, sale, transfer, share exchange,
dissolution, liquidation or winding-up (but no failure to mail such notice or
any defect therein or in the mailing thereof shall affect the validity of the
corporate action required to be specified in such notice).

            (d) In case at any time conditions shall arise by reason of action
taken by the Company which in the opinion of the Board of Directors of the
Company are not adequately covered by the other provisions hereof and which
might materially and adversely affect the rights of the holders of shares of
Preferred Stock (different than or distinguished from the effect generally on
the rights of holders of any class of the Company's capital stock) or in case at
any time any such conditions are expected to arise by reason of any action
contemplated by the Company, an Appraiser selected by the holders of a majority
in interest of the shares of Preferred Stock shall give its opinion as to the
adjustment, if any (not inconsistent with the standards established in this
Section 5), of the Conversion Price (including, if necessary, any adjustment as
to the securities into which shares of Preferred Stock may thereafter be
convertible) and any distributions which is or would be required to preserve
without diluting the rights of the holders of the shares of Preferred Stock;
provided, however, that the Company, after receipt of the determination by such
Appraiser, shall have the right to select an additional Appraiser, in which case
the adjustment shall be equal to the average of the adjustments recommended by
each such Appraiser. The Board of Directors of the Company shall make the
adjustment recommended forthwith upon the receipt of such opinion or opinions or
the taking of any such action contemplated, as the case may be; provided,
however, that no such adjustment of the Conversion Price shall be made which in
the opinion of the Appraiser(s) giving the aforesaid opinion or


opinions would result in an increase of the Conversion Price to more than the
Conversion Price then in effect.

            (e) The Company covenants that it will at all times reserve and keep
available, out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock solely for the
purpose of issuance upon conversion of Preferred Stock as herein provided, free
from preemptive rights or any other actual contingent purchase rights of Persons
other than the holders of shares of Preferred Stock, such number of shares of
Common Stock as shall be issuable (taking into account the adjustments and
restrictions of Section 5(c) hereof) upon the conversion of all outstanding
shares of Preferred Stock. The Company covenants that all shares of Common Stock
that shall be so issuable shall, upon issue, be duly and validly issued and
fully paid and nonassessable.

            (f) Except as otherwise required by Section 6 hereof, the Company
shall not be required to issue stock certificates representing fractions of
shares of Common Stock, but may if otherwise permitted, make a cash payment in
respect of any final fraction of a share based on the Per Share Market Value at
such time. If the Company elects not, or is unable, to make such a cash payment,
the holder of a share of Preferred Stock shall be entitled to receive, in lieu
of the final fraction of a share, one whole share of Common Stock; provided,
however, that in no event shall any such issuance of a whole share result in the
issuance of a number of shares of Common Stock in excess of the Issuable Maximum
and if such issuance would so result in the issuance of a number of shares in
excess of the Issuable Maximum, the holder shall be entitled to receive the cash
payment described above as soon as such cash payment may be lawfully made.

            (g) The issuance of certificates for shares of Common Stock on
conversion of Preferred Stock shall be made without charge to the holders
thereof for any documentary stamp or similar taxes that may be payable in
respect of the issue or delivery of such certificate, provided that the Company
shall not be required to pay any tax that may be payable in respect of any
transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of any such certificate in a name
other than that of the holder of the shares of Preferred Stock converted and the
Company shall not be required to issue or deliver such certificates unless or
until the person or persons requesting the issuance thereof shall have paid to
the Company the amount of such tax or shall have established to the satisfaction
of the Company that such tax has been paid.

            (h) Shares of Preferred Stock converted into Common Stock shall be
canceled and shall have the status of authorized but unissued shares of
preferred stock.

            (i) If the Company intends to initiate a public offering of its
securities in an amount exceeding $5,000,000 in the aggregate and the Company
reasonably believes that the conversion of any shares of Preferred Stock may
have an adverse effect on the ability of the Company to complete such offering
or the price at which such securities could be sold therein, the Company, upon
at least 30 days prior written notice to the holders of Preferred Stock, may
suspend the right of the holders of the shares of Preferred Stock to convert
such shares pursuant to Section 5 for the period commencing on the date the
Company files a registration statement with the Securities and Exchange
Commission and terminating 90 days after the closing of the


public offering, provided that the last day that the Preferred Stock is
convertible (as set forth in Section 5(a)) shall be extended for such number of
days as the conversion right was suspended under this Section 5(i).

            (j) Each Conversion Notice shall be given by facsimile and by mail,
postage prepaid, addressed to the attention of the Chief Financial Officer of
the Company at the facsimile telephone number and address of the principal place
of business of the Company. Any such notice shall be deemed given and effective
upon the earliest to occur of (i) receipt of such facsimile at the facsimile
telephone number specified in this Section 5(j), (ii) three days after deposit
in the United States mails, or (iii) upon actual receipt by the party to whom
such notice is required to be given.

            6. Mandatory Redemption of the Preferred Stock.

            (a) If on the Conversion Date specified in any Conversion Notice the
provisions of Section 5(a)(ii) do not permit the issuance of the full number of
shares into which the shares of Preferred Stock to be converted would otherwise
be convertible, then the Company shall, with respect to each share of Preferred
Stock that is subject to such Conversion Notice, redeem, from funds legally
available therefor at the time of such redemption, a portion of such share that
is represented by the fraction that is the difference between one and the
Conversion Percentage (such fraction to be known as the "Redemption Ratio"). The
redemption price for such portion of each share of Preferred Stock to be
redeemed shall be an amount equal to the product of (i) the Per Share Market
Value on the Conversion Date, (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock into
which such share of Preferred Stock would then be convertible, but for Section
5(a)(ii), times (iii) the Redemption Ratio. If any portion of such redemption
price shall not be paid by the Company within 20 days after the Conversion Date,
such redemption price shall be increased by an amount accruing after the
twenty-first (21st) day at the rate of 14% per annum. If, on any such Conversion
Date, the Company is prohibited under the relevant provisions of the California
General Corporation Law (the "CGCL") from paying, in whole or in part, the
redemption price for any shares of Preferred Stock, any portion of the
redemption price which may be lawfully paid in accordance with the CGCL shall be
paid pro rata to the holders of the shares of Preferred Stock being redeemed on
such Conversion Date and the remainder of such redemption price shall be paid on
a pro rata basis to such holders as soon as such payment is permissible under
the CGCL.

      7. Optional Redemption of the Preferred Stock.

            (a) From June 27, 1999 through June 26, 2002. The Preferred Stock
may be redeemed, at the option of the Company, in whole or in part, at any time
from and after June 27, 1999 until June 26, 2002, provided the average bid price
of the Company's Common Stock for the 20 trading days preceding the date of the
Redemption Notice (as defined below) (which such 20-trading day period may
include trading days that fall on or prior to June 27, 1999) exceeds $9.50 per
share, at a redemption price per share equal to the sum of (i) $1,000, (ii) all
accrued but unpaid dividends and (iii) interest on such accrued but unpaid
dividends at an annual rate of 11.5% (the "Redemption Price").


            (b) From and After June 27, 2002. The Preferred Stock may be
redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company, at any time from
and after June 27, 2002 at the Redemption Price.

            (c) Partial Redemption. In the event of a redemption of only a part
of the then-outstanding Preferred Stock under Section 7(a) or 7(b) above, the
Company shall effect such redemption pro rata according to the number of shares
held by each holder of the Preferred Stock.

            (d) Notice of Redemption; Conversion. At least thirty (30) days and
not more than sixty (60) days prior to the date fixed for any redemption of the
Preferred Stock (the "Redemption Date"), written notice (the "Redemption
Notice") shall be mailed, postage prepaid, to each holder of record of the
Preferred Stock to be redeemed pursuant to such Redemption Notice, at such
holder's address as last shown on the records of the Company. The Redemption
Notice may be given on or prior to the date on which redemption is permissible
at the Company's option pursuant to Sections 7(a) and 7(b) above; provided that
the Redemption Date falls on or after the date on which redemption is first
permissible at the Company's option pursuant to Sections 7(a) and 7(b) above.
Notwithstanding the receipt of such notice, prior to and in lieu of redemption,
any holder of Preferred Stock may convert all or any part of such holder's
shares of Preferred Stock into Common Stock in accordance with Section 5(a)(i)
provided that the Conversion Date occurs prior to the Redemption Date. The
Redemption Notice shall state:

                  (i) whether or all less than all of the outstanding shares of
      Preferred Stock are to be redeemed and the total number of shares being
      redeemed;

                  (ii) the number of shares of Preferred Stock held by the
      holder (to whom the Redemption Notice is addressed) which the Company
      intends to redeem;

                  (iii) the Redemption Date and the Redemption Price; and

                  (iv) that the holder is to surrender to the Company, in the
      manner and at the place designated, such holder's certificate or
      certificates representing the Preferred Stock that is being redeemed.

            (e) Surrender of Certificates. On or before the Redemption Date,
each holder of Preferred Stock to be redeemed shall surrender the certificate or
certificates representing such shares to the Company, in the manner and at the
place designated in the Redemption Notice, and thereupon the Redemption Price
for such shares shall be payable to the order of the person whose name appears
on such certificate or certificates as the owner thereof, and each surrendered
certificate shall be canceled and retired. In the event less than all of the
shares represented by any such certificate are redeemed, a new certificate shall
be issued representing the unredeemed shares.

            (f) Payment. On or before the Redemption Date, the Company shall
deposit with any bank or trust company, having a capital and surplus of at least
$100,000,000, as a trust fund,


a sum equal to the Redemption Price of all of the Preferred Stock called for
redemption, with irrevocable instructions and authority to the bank or trust
company to pay, on or after the Redemption Date, the Redemption Price to the
respective holders upon the surrender of their share certificates. From and
after the Redemption Date, the shares so called for redemption shall be
redeemed. The deposit shall constitute full payment of the shares to their
holders, and from and after the Redemption Date the shares shall be deemed to be
no longer outstanding, and the holders thereof shall cease to be stockholders
with respect to such shares and shall have no rights with respect thereto except
the rights to receive from the bank or trust company payment of the Redemption
Price of the shares, without further interest thereon, upon surrender of their
certificates therefor. Any monies so deposited and unclaimed at the end of one
year from the Redemption Date shall be released or repaid to the Company, after
which the holders of shares called for redemption shall be entitled to receive
payment of the Redemption Price only from the Company.

      8. Definitions. For the purposes hereof,

      "Common Stock" means shares now or hereafter authorized of the class of
Common Stock, no par value, of the Company presently authorized and stock of any
other class into which such shares may hereafter have been reclassified or
changed.

      "Conversion Ratio" means, at any time, a fraction, of which the numerator
is Stated Value plus (i) accrued but unpaid dividends, and (ii) interest on all
accrued but unpaid dividends at an annual rate of 11.5% compounded annually from
the date of accrual until paid, and of which the denominator is the Conversion
Price at such time.

      "Junior Stock" means the Common Stock of the Company and any other stock
of the Company over which shares of the Preferred Stock have preference as to
distribution of assets.

      "Original Issue Date" means the date of the first issuance of any shares
of the Preferred Stock.

      "Per Share Market Value" means on any particular date (a) the last sale
price per share of the Common Stock on such date on the Nasdaq National Market
or other stock exchange on which the Common Stock has been listed or if there is
no such price on such date, then the last price on such exchange on the date
nearest preceding such date, or (b) if the Common Stock is not listed on the
Nasdaq National Market or any stock exchange, the average of the bid and asked
price for a share of Common Stock in the over-the-counter market, as reported by
the Nasdaq Stock Market at the close of business on such date, or (c) if the
Common Stock is not quoted on the Nasdaq Stock Market, the average of the bid
and asked price for a share of Common stock in the over-the-counter market as
reported by the National Quotation Bureau Incorporated (or similar organization
or agency succeeding to its functions of reporting prices), or (d) if the Common
Stock is no longer publicly traded the fair market value of a share of Common
Stock as determined by an Appraiser (as defined in Section 5(c)(v) above)
selected in good faith by the holders of a majority in interest of the shares of
the Preferred Stock; provided, however, that the


Company, after receipt of the determination by such Appraiser, shall have the
right to select an additional Appraiser, in which case, the fair market value
shall be equal to the average of the determinations by each such Appraiser.

      "Person" means a corporation, an association, a partnership, limited
liability company, organization, a business, an individual, a governmental or
political subdivision thereof or a governmental agency.

      "Trading Day" means (a) a day on which the Common Stock is traded on the
Nasdaq National Market or principal stock exchange on which the Common Stock has
been listed, or (b) if the Common Stock is not listed on the Nasdaq National
Market or any stock exchange, a day on which the Common Stock is traded in the
over-the-counter market, as reported by the Nasdaq Stock Market, or (c) if the
Common Stock is not quoted on the Nasdaq Stock Market, a day on which the Common
Stock is quoted in the over-the-counter market as reported by the National
Quotation Bureau Incorporated (or any similar organization or agency succeeding
its functions of reporting prices).

      RESOLVED FURTHER, that the President and Secretary of the Company be, and
they hereby are, authorized and directed to prepare, execute, verify, and file
in the Office of the California Secretary of State, a Certificate of
Determination in accordance with this resolution and as required by law.

      Each of the undersigned further declares under penalty of perjury under
the laws of the State of California that the matters set forth in this
certificate are true and correct of his own knowledge.

      Executed at San Diego, California on the __th day of May, 1999.


                                       /s/ Roger H. Erickson
                                       ------------------------------------
                                       Roger H. Erickson, President



                                       /s/ John W. Low
                                       ------------------------------------
                                       John W. Low, Secretary