Exhibit 12.1 SLM HOLDING CORPORATION RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS (DOLLARS IN THOUSANDS) Three months ended Years ended December 31, March 31, ------------------------------------------------------------------ -------------------- 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1998 1999 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- ------- Pre-tax income from continuing operations before adjustment for minority interests in consolidated subsidiaries $ 591,095 $ 504,897 $ 600,327 $ 759,748 $ 750,131 $208,604 $170,387 Add: Fixed charges 2,158,947 3,039,522 2,600,048 2,544,584 1,948,995 544,363 463,559 Less: Other adjustments -- (2,421) (711) -- -- -- -- Less: Preferred dividends (16,452) (16,452) (16,452) (18,428) (23,998) (6,000) (5,846) ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- Total earnings $2,733,590 $3,525,546 $3,183,212 $3,285,904 $2,675,128 $746,967 $628,100 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- Fixed charges Interest expenses $2,142,495 $3,020,649 $2,582,885 $2,526,156 $1,924,997 $538,363 457,713 Preferred dividends 16,452 16,452 16,452 18,428 23,998 6,000 5,846 Other adjustments -- 2,421 711 -- -- -- -- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- Total fixed charges $2,158,947 $3,039,522 $2,600,048 $2,544,584 $1,948,995 $544,363 $463,559 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- Ratio of earnings to fixed charges and preferred stock dividends 1.27 1.16 1.22 1.29 1.37 1.37 1.35 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- Ratio of earnings to fixed charges 1.27 1.16 1.23 1.29 1.38 1.38 1.36 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- For purposes of the "earnings" computation, "other adjustments" includes capitalized interest cost. For purposes of the "fixed charges" computation, "other adjustments" includes capitalized interest cost.