3,500,000 Shares The ServiceMaster Company Common Stock (par value $.01 per share) ------------------------------------ The 3,500,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Common Stock"), of The ServiceMaster Company, a Delaware corporation (the "Company"), offered hereby may be issued from time to time in the future by the Company on the completion of acquisitions of assets, businesses or securities, or on the payment of dividends on or conversion of shares of preferred stock or the conversion of or payment of interest on convertible notes issued in connection with such acquisitions of other businesses, properties or securities. This Prospectus may also be used, with the Company's prior consent, by persons or entities who have received or will receive shares covered by this Prospectus in connection with such acquisitions and who wish to offer and sell such shares under circumstances requiring or making desirable its use and by certain donees of such persons or entities. It is expected that the terms of acquisitions involving the issuance of the shares of Common Stock covered by this Prospectus will be determined by direct negotiations with the owners or controlling persons of the assets, businesses or securities to be acquired, and that the shares of Common Stock issued will be valued at prices reasonably related to the market price of the Common Stock either at or about the time an agreement is entered into concerning the terms of the acquisition or at or about the time the shares are delivered. No underwriting discounts or commissions will be paid, although finder fees and certain other fees may be paid in connection with certain acquisitions. Any person receiving such fees may be deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "1933 Act"), and any profit on the resale of shares of Common Stock purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the 1933 Act. The Common Stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (the "NYSE") under the symbol "SVM." On July 17, 1998, the closing sale price of the Common Stock on the NYSE was $353/16 per share. See "Common Stock Price Range and Dividends." All references to numbers of shares of Common Stock, or options for shares of Common Stock, and all references to market and option prices per share, and income per share in this Prospectus have been adjusted to reflect all stock dividends and stock splits of the Company through the date of this Prospectus. ---------------------- THESE SECURITIES HAVE NOT BEEN APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION NOR HAS THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION OR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION PASSED UPON THE ACCURACY OR ADEQUACY OF THIS PROSPECTUS. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE. ---------------------- No person has been authorized to give any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this Prospectus, and, if given or made, such information or representations must not be relied upon as having been authorized. This Prospectus does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities other than the securities to which it relates or an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy such securities in any circumstances in which such offer or solicitation is unlawful. Neither the delivery of this Prospectus nor any sale made hereunder shall, under any circumstances, create an implication that there has been no change in the affairs of the Company since the date hereof or that the information contained herein is correct as of any time subsequent to its date. ---------------------- The date of this Prospectus is August 4, 1998. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page AVAILABLE INFORMATION..........................................................3 SUMMARY ......................................................................4 THE REINCORPORATION............................................................8 SPECIAL NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS ....................................8 SECURITIES COVERED BY THIS PROSPECTUS.........................................10 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS............................................13 BUSINESS .....................................................................21 MANAGEMENT....................................................................30 OWNERSHIP OF COMMON STOCK.....................................................39 DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK...................................................41 PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDEND POLICY ..............................45 LEGAL MATTERS.................................................................46 EXPERTS .....................................................................46 INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS................................................F-1 ------------------------------------ 2 AVAILABLE INFORMATION The Company is subject to the informational requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "1934 Act"), and in accordance therewith, files reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission"). Such reports, proxy statements and other information filed by the Company and its predecessors may be inspected and copied at the public reference facilities of the Commission located at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549, and at the Commission's regional offices located at 7 World Trade Center, Suite 1300, New York, New York 10048, and Citicorp Center, 500 West Madison Street, Suite 1400, Chicago, Illinois 60661. Copies of such material can also be obtained at prescribed rates from the Public Reference Section of the Commission at Room 1024, 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. Such materials and other information concerning the Company and its predecessors are also filed electronically with the Commission and are accessible via the World Wide Web at http://www.sec.gov. The Common Stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange (the "NYSE") under the symbol "SVM" and reports and other information concerning the Company and its predecessors can also be inspected at the offices of the NYSE, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005. The Company has filed with the Commission a registration statement on Form S-1 (together with all amendments and exhibits thereto, the "Registration Statement") under the 1933 Act with respect to the Common Stock offered hereby. This Prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the Registration Statement, certain parts of which have been omitted in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Commission. Statements contained in this Prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily complete and, in each instance, reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit or incorporated by reference to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus forms a part, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference. For further information with respect to the Company and the Common Stock offered hereby, reference is made to the Registration Statement and the exhibits and schedules thereto. Copies of the Registration Statement and the exhibits and schedules thereto may be inspected, without charge, at the offices of the Commission, or obtained at prescribed rates from the Public Reference Section of the Commission at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. 3 SUMMARY The following summary is qualified in its entirety by the more detailed information appearing elsewhere in this Prospectus. This summary may contain forward-looking statements, as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include, without limitation, those identified in "Special Note on Forward-Looking Statements" and elsewhere in this Prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, all references herein to the "Company" or "ServiceMaster" refer to The ServiceMaster Company, a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries and their respective predecessors. See "The Reincorporation." All share and per share amounts reflect the three-for-two share splits in June 1993, June 1996 and June 1997. ServiceMaster ServiceMaster, with operating revenue of approximately $4 billion in 1997, is one of the largest providers of residential and supportive management services to individual consumers, businesses and institutions in the United States. In addition, the Company has operations in 38 countries around the world. ServiceMaster holds the number one or two position in each of its major markets. The Company operates primarily through two units: ServiceMaster Consumer Services ("ServiceMaster Consumer Services"), which contributed approximately 68 percent of the Company's 1997 operating income, and ServiceMaster Management Services ("ServiceMaster Management Services"), which contributed 28 percent of 1997 operating income. The Company also has recently formed a third unit, ServiceMaster Employer Services ("ServiceMaster Employer Services"), which contributed less than one percent of 1997 operating income. ServiceMaster Consumer Services provides services to over 9.6 million residential and commercial customers under eight market-leading brand names: TruGreen-ChemLawn for lawn, tree and shrub care and commercial landscape and indoor plant maintenance; Terminix for termite and pest control services; American Home Shield and AmeriSpec for home system and appliance warranty contracts and home inspection services; Rescue Rooter for plumbing and drain cleaning services; ServiceMaster Residential/Commercial Services for heavy-duty residential and commercial cleaning and disaster restoration services; Merry Maids for residential maid services; and Furniture Medic for on-site furniture repair and restoration services. These services comprise the "ServiceMaster Quality Service Network" and may be accessed easily by calling a single toll-free telephone number: 1-800-WE SERVE. ServiceMaster Management Services provides facilities management services to over 2,000 customers in the health care, education, and business and industrial markets. These services include plant operations and maintenance, housekeeping, grounds and landscaping, clinical equipment management, energy management, food service, laundry and linen services, total facilities management and other services. The Company historically has provided these services through three principal operating units: Healthcare Services, Education Management Services and Business & Industry Group. 4 ServiceMaster Employer Services is one of the nation's ten largest professional employer organizations ("PEOs") and provides a full-range of support in human resource services, including administrative processing of payroll, worker's compensation insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance and other employee benefits, to approximately 800 customers with over 19,000 leased employees. The principal executive offices of ServiceMaster are located at One ServiceMaster Way, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515-1700 and its telephone number is (630) 271-1300. The Company maintains a website on the Internet at http://www.ServiceMaster.com. The Company's website and the information contained therein are not a part of this Prospectus. Recent Developments On April 14, 1998, the Company acquired the business and assets of Quantum Resources Corporation, a temporary employer services company headquartered in Richmond, Virginia. On May 11, 1998, the Company completed a combined primary/secondary offering of its Common Stock at a price of $28.75 per share. 7,600,000 shares were sold by the Company and approximately 6,550,000 shares were sold by existing stockholders. The net proceeds to the Company after the underwriting discount and expenses of the offering were approximately $209,000,000. On July 28, 1998, the Company announced a three-for-two share split effective on August 26, 1998 for shareholders of record on August 12, 1998. Any fractional shares will be redeemed in cash. The Company also announced that it anticipates a dividend payment for the fourth quarter of 1998 of $0.09 per share. This would result in an expected 1998 distribution of $0.33 per share on a post-split basis and $0.495 per share on a pre-split basis. This post-split figure is slightly higher than the Company's previously announced intention to distribute $0.49 per share on a pre-split basis. None of the references in this prospectus to shares outstanding, net income per share, cash distributions per share or market price per share reflect the foregoing August 1998 3-for-2 share split. 5 SUMMARY FINANCIAL DATA (In thousands, except for per share and percentage data)(1) The following table sets forth consolidated financial information of the Company as of and for each of the periods indicated. The selected financial data for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 1997 are derived from the consolidated financial statements of ServiceMaster, which statements have been audited by Arthur Andersen LLP, independent public accountants for ServiceMaster. The financial information for the three months ended March 31, 1997 and March 31, 1998 are derived from unaudited consolidated financial statements and the accounting records of the Company, and, in the opinion of the Company, reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of results for interim periods. The information presented below should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Prospectus. Three Months Ended Year Ended December 31, --------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------- March 31, March 31, 1998 1997 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993(2) --------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------- (unaudited) Operating Results: Operating revenue................ $ 981,788 $ 817,136 $ 3,961,502 $ 3,458,328 $ 3,202,504 $ 2,985,207 $ 2,758,859 Cost of services rendered and products sold............................. 794,797 657,145 3,058,160 2,681,008 2,499,700 2,356,435 2,192,684 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Selling and administrative expense --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Operating income................. 69,773 58,600 343,933 295,218 251,867 214,026 173,044 Non-operating expense (income): Interest expense(3)........... 24,095 10,392 76,447 38,298 35,855 31,543 32,483 Interest and investment income (3,435) (2,567) (14,304) (10,183) (7,310) (5,389) (5,882) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Minority interest............. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income before income taxes....... 49,113 48,627 274,279 252,397 177,607 142,638 117,893 Provision for income taxes (pro forma 19,843 19,645 110,809 101,968 71,753 57,626 47,629 corporate form in 1997-1993)(4).. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income (pro forma corporate form 29,270 28,982 163,470 150,429 105,854 85,012 79,264 in 1997-1993).................... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Basic net income per share (pro forma corporate form in 1997-1993)(4)(6) $ 0.16 $ 0.13 $ 0.86 $ 0.71 $ 0.61 $ 0.50 $ 0.42 Diluted net income per share (pro forma corporate form in 1997- 1993)(4)(6)...................... $ 0.15 $ 0.13 $ 0.82 $ 0.69 $ 0.59 $ 0.48 $ 0.40 Cash distributions per share to shareholders..................... $ 0.12 $ 0.11 $ 0.47 $ 0.44 $ 0.42 $ 0.41 $ 0.40 Partnership Information: (4) Income before income taxes....... $ 48,627 $ 274279 $ 252397 $ 177607 $ 142638 $ 117893 Provision for income taxes....... 1,767 10,203 7,257 5,580 2,755 2,146 One time tax benefit relating to change ------------------------------------------------------------------------- in tax status(5)................. -- $ 65,000 -- -- -- -- Net income....................... ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Data: EBITDA(7)........................ $ 94,445 $ 77,419 $ 443,788 $ 369,701 $ 279,450 $ 228,389 $ 200,332 Net cash provided from operations 12,585 30,428 371,889 341,386 297,425 253,863 169,103 Property additions............... 23,354 12,970 46,232 42,952 44,624 32,202 33,113 Operating income margin.......... 7.1% 7.2% 8.7% 8.5% 7.9% 7.2% 6.3% Percent increase in pro forma diluted net income per share..... 15.4% 8.3% 18.8% 16.9% 22.9% 20.0% 21.2% 6 Three Months Ended Year Ended December 31, --------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------- March 31, March 31, 1998 1997 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993(2) --------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------- (unaudited) Operating Results: Operating revenue................ $ 981,788 $ 817,136 $ 3,961,502 $ 3,458,328 $ 3,202,504 $ 2,985,207 $ 2,758,859 Cost of services rendered and products sold............................. 794,797 657,145 3,058,160 2,681,008 2,499,700 2,356,435 2,192,684 Selling and administrative expenses---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Operating income................. 69,773 58,600 343,933 295,218 251,867 214,026 173,044 Non-operating expense (income): Interest expense(3)........... 24,095 10,392 76,447 38,298 35,855 31,543 32,483 Interest and investment income (3,435) (2,567) (14,304) (10,183) (7,310) (5,389) (5,882) Minority interest............. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income before income taxes....... 49,113 48,627 274,279 252,397 177,607 142,638 117,893 Provision for income taxes (pro forma corporate form in 1997-1993)(4).. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income (pro forma corporate form-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- in 1997-1993).................... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Financial Position at Period End: Working capital.................. $ 35,130 $ 50,083 $ 35,907 $ 73,782 $ 20,309 $ 26,650 $ 46,773 Total assets..................... 2,698,231 $ 2,185,624 2,475,224 1,846,841 1,649,890 1,230,839 1,122,461 Long-term debt................... 1,379,936 $ 572,863 1,247,845 482,315 411,903 386,511 384,509 Shareholders' equity (3)......... 548,867 972,192 524,438 796,767 746,660 307,266 289,219 - --------------------------- (1) All per share data reflect the three-for-two share splits in 1993, 1996 and 1997. For interim accounting purposes, certain costs directly associated with the generation of lawn care revenues are initially deferred and recognized as expense as the related revenues are recognized. All such costs are fully recognized within the fiscal year in which they are incurred. (2) The Company's results in 1993 exclude a $30.2 million gain realized on the issuance of subsidiary shares. Including such gain in the Company's results for 1993, the Company had net income of $145,947,000, pro forma corporate net income of $88,263,000, pro forma basic net income per share of $0.52 and pro forma diluted net income per share of $0.51. (3) In 1997, the Company incurred bank borrowings of approximately $91.0 million to finance the cash portion of the acquisition of Barefoot, Inc. ("Barefoot") and approximately $626 million to fund the repurchase of the 19 percent ownership interest in ServiceMaster held by Waste Management, Inc. ("WMX"). The increase in interest expense and the decrease in shareholders' equity (as well as the number of shares outstanding) in 1997 is primarily the result of such borrowings and stock repurchase. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." (4) The Company converted from partnership to corporate form on December 26, 1997. See "The Reincorporation." Prior to the Reincorporation (as defined), the partnership was not subject to federal or state income taxes since its taxable income was allocated to the Company's shareholders. As a result of the Reincorporation, the Company is a taxable entity and is responsible for such payments. Pro forma information is presented to compare the continuing results of operations as if the Company were a taxable corporation in the periods presented. The pro forma provision for income taxes has been calculated assuming that the Company's effective tax rate was approximately 40 percent of pre-tax earnings. The Company's historical net income per share as a partnership (excluding a $30.2 million one-time gain realized in 1993) was as follows: Before One-Time Benefit Actual ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- Basic......................... $1.39 $1.16 $0.99 $0.82 $0.68 $1.73 $1.16 $0.99 $0.82 $0.68 Diluted....................... $1.33 $1.12 $0.95 $0.80 $0.67 $1.66 $1.12 $0.95 $0.80 $0.67 In addition, with respect to the three-month period ended March 31, 1997, basic and diluted net income per share was $.22 and $.21, respectively, in partnership form. (5) As a result of the Reincorporation, the Company recorded a deferred tax asset that represents the tax effect of the difference between the book and tax basis of the Company's assets and liabilities. This resulted in the recognition of a deferred tax asset on the balance sheet and a corresponding $65.0 million gain in the tax benefit line of the income statement. The actual economic benefit to the Company of the tax basis step-up significantly exceeds the amount of the gain and is expected to result in a reduction of annual cash tax payments exceeding $25 million per year for 15 years. See "The Reincorporation." (6) The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 128, "Earnings Per Share," which requires the dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share replaces the previously required presentation of primary earnings per share. Basic earnings per share includes no dilution from options, debentures or other financial instruments and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of convertible securities and options to purchase common stock. Basic earnings per share are calculated based on 186,597,000 shares in the three month period ended March 31, 1998, 190,629,000 shares in 1997, 216,309,000 shares in the three month period ended March 31, 1997, 211,587,000 shares in 1996, 173,588,000 shares in 1995, 170,433,000 in 1994 and 169,279,000 in 1993 while diluted earnings per share are calculated based on 192,970,000 shares in the three month period ended March 31, 1998, 199,760,000 shares in 1997, 224,429,000 shares in the three month period ended March 31, 1997, 220,286,000 shares in 1996, 182,135,000 shares in 1995, 177,928,000 in 1994 and 177,487,000 in 1993. (7) Represents earnings before interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"). EBITDA is a commonly-used supplemental measurement of a company's ability to generate cash flow. Management believes that EBITDA is another measure which demonstrates the cash-generating abilities of the Company's businesses. However, EBITDA should not be considered an alternative to net income in measuring the Company's performance or used as an exclusive measure of cash flow because it does not consider the impact of working capital growth, capital expenditures, debt principal reductions or other sources and uses of cash which are disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. 7 THE REINCORPORATION ServiceMaster began its operations in 1947 and the shares of the parent entity in the ServiceMaster enterprise have been publicly traded since 1962. At the end of 1986, the parent entity was converted from a publicly traded corporation to a publicly traded limited partnership (the "Parent Partnership") in order to enable most of the operations of the enterprise to be conducted free of federal corporate income tax. However, a year later, in 1987, Congress adopted legislation which effectively eliminated the benefits of operating in partnership form after December 31, 1997. Accordingly, on December 26, 1997, the Company succeeded to and became substituted for the Parent Partnership as the parent entity in the ServiceMaster enterprise in a reorganization (the "Reincorporation") in which all of the outstanding limited partnership interests in the Parent Partnership were converted to shares of Common Stock of the Company on a one-for-one basis. Soon thereafter, the Parent Partnership and its immediate subsidiary (The ServiceMaster Company Limited Partnership) were merged with and into the Company and the existence of the two partnerships was thereby terminated. The Reincorporation transactions were not taxable events for either ServiceMaster or its shareholders. However, the Reincorporation did result in a tax benefit to the Company in the form of a step-up in the tax basis of certain of its assets. The basis step-up will be amortized against the Company's taxable income over the next 15 years and is expected to result in a reduction of annual cash tax payments exceeding $25 million per year over this period. SPECIAL NOTE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS This Prospectus contains or incorporates by reference certain forward- looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the 1933 Act and Section 21E of the 1934 Act and the Company intends that such forward- looking statements be subject to the safe harbors created thereby. Such forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties and include, but are not limited to, statements regarding future events and the Company's plans, goals and objectives. Such statements are generally accompanied by words such as "intend," "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect" or similar statements. The Company's actual results may differ materially from such statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences are set forth below as well as those factors discussed elsewhere in this Prospectus and in the documents incorporated herein by reference. Although the Company believes that the assumptions underlying its forward-looking statements are reasonable, any of the assumptions could prove inaccurate and, therefore, there can be no assurance that the results contemplated in such forward-looking statements will be realized. The inclusion of such forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by the Company or any other person that the future events, plans or expectations contemplated by the Company will be achieved. Furthermore, past performance in operations and share price is not necessarily predictive of future performance. Seasonality and Impact of Weather Conditions. The Company's lawn care and pest control businesses are highly seasonal in nature, with a significant portion of their net revenues occurring in the spring and summer months of each year. Adverse weather conditions could have a negative impact on the demand for the Company's lawn care and pest control services. Increased Competition. The service industries in which the Company operates are highly competitive with limited barriers to entry. The entry of new competitors into one or more of the markets served by the Company could impact the demand for the Company's services as well as impose additional pricing pressures. Labor Shortages. Most of the services provided by the Company are highly labor intensive. In the event of a labor shortage, the Company may experience difficulty in delivering its services in a high-quality manner and may be forced to increase wages in order to attract a sufficient number of employees, which could result in higher operating costs for the Company. 8 Continued Consolidation of the U.S. Hospital Market. In recent years, there has been an ongoing consolidation of hospitals in the health care market. This continued consolidation could adversely impact the level of demand for the Company's health care management services and the prices which the Company can charge for such services. Ability to Continue Acquisition Strategy. The Company plans to continue to pursue opportunities to expand through acquisitions. The Company's ability to continue to make acquisitions at reasonable prices and to integrate the acquired businesses are important factors in the Company's future growth. 9 SECURITIES COVERED BY THIS PROSPECTUS This Prospectus covers shares of Common Stock that may be issued from time to time in the future by the Company on the completion of acquisitions of assets, businesses or securities, or on the payment of dividends on or conversion of shares of preferred stock or the conversion of or payment of interest on convertible notes issued in connection with such acquisitions of other businesses, properties or securities. The consideration offered by the Company in such acquisitions, in addition to the shares of Common Stock offered by this Prospectus, may include cash, debt or other securities (which may be convertible into shares of Common Stock covered by this Prospectus), or assumption by the Company of liabilities of the business, properties or securities being acquired or of their owners, or a combination thereof. It is expected that the terms of acquisitions involving the issuance of the shares of Common Stock covered by this Prospectus will be determined by direct negotiations with the owners or controlling persons of the assets, businesses or securities to be acquired, and that the shares of Common Stock issued will be valued at prices reasonably related to the market price of the Common Stock either at or about the time an agreement is entered into concerning the terms of the acquisition or at or about the time the shares are delivered. No underwriting discounts or commissions will be paid, although finder fees and certain other fees may be paid in connection with certain acquisitions. Any person receiving such fees may be deemed to be an "underwriter" within the meaning of the 1933 Act, and any profit on the resale of shares of Common Stock purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the 1933 Act. The Company may from time to time, in an effort to maintain an orderly market in the Common Stock or for other reasons, negotiate agreements with persons receiving Common Stock covered by this Prospectus that will limit the number of shares that may be sold by such persons at specified intervals. Such agreements may be more restrictive than restrictions on sales made pursuant to the exemption from registration requirements of the 1933 Act, including the requirements under Rule 144 or Rule 145(d), and certain persons party to such agreements may not otherwise be subject to such 1933 Act requirements. The Company anticipates that, in general, such negotiated agreements will be of limited duration and will permit the recipients of Common Stock issued in connection with acquisitions to sell up to a specified number of shares per business day or days. With the consent of the Company, this Prospectus may also be used by persons who have received or will receive from the Company Common Stock covered by this Prospectus and who may wish to sell such stock under circumstances requiring or making desirable its use. This Prospectus may also be used, with the Company's consent, by pledgees, donees or assignees of such persons. The Company's consent to any such use may be conditioned upon the agreement by such persons not to offer more than a specified number of shares following supplements or amendments to this Prospectus, which the Company may agree to use its best efforts to prepare and file at certain intervals. The Company may require that any such offering be effected in an organized manner through securities dealers. Sales by means of this Prospectus may be made from time to time privately at prices to be individually negotiated with the purchasers, or publicly through transactions in the over-the-counter market or on a securities exchange (which may involve block transactions), at prices reasonably related to market prices at or about the time of sale or at negotiated prices. Broker-dealers participating in such transactions may act as agent or as principal and, when acting as agent, may receive commissions from the purchasers as well as from the sellers (if also acting as agent for the purchasers). The Company may indemnify any broker-dealer participating in such transactions against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the 1933 Act. Profits, commissions and discounts on sales by persons who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the 1933 Act may be deemed underwriting compensation under the 1933 Act. Stockholders may also offer shares of stock covered by this Prospectus by means of prospectuses under other registration statements or pursuant to exemptions from the registration requirements of the 1933 Act, including sales which meet the requirements of Rule 144 or Rule 145(d) under the 1933 Act. Stockholders should seek the advice of their own counsel with respect to the legal requirements for such sales. 10 SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA (In thousands, except for per share and percentage data)(1) The following table sets forth consolidated financial information of the Company as of and for each of the periods indicated. The selected financial data for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 1997 are derived from the consolidated financial statements of ServiceMaster, which statements have been audited by Arthur Andersen LLP, independent public accountants for ServiceMaster. The financial information for the three months ended March 31, 1997 and March 31, 1998 are derived from unaudited consolidated financial statements and the accounting records of the Company, and, in the opinion of the Company, reflect all adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of results for interim periods. The information presented below should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Prospectus. Three Months Ended Year Ended December 31, --------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------- March 31, March 31, 1998 1997 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993(2) --------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------- (unaudited) Operating Results: Operating revenue................ $ 981,788 $ 817,136 $ 3,961,502 $ 3,458,328 $ 3,202,504 $ 2,985,207 $ 2,758,859 Cost of services rendered and products sold............................. 794,797 657,145 3,058,160 2,681,008 2,499,700 2,356,435 2,192,684 s Selling and administrative expense ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Operating income................. 69,773 58,600 343,933 295,218 251,867 214,026 173,044 Non-operating expense (income): Interest expense(3)........... 24,095 10,392 76,447 38,298 35,855 31,543 32,483 Interest and investment income (3,435) (2,567) (14,304) (10,183) (7,310) (5,389) (5,882) Minority interest............. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income before income taxes....... 49,113 48,627 274,279 252,397 177,607 142,638 117,893 Provision for income taxes (pro forma 19,843 19,645 110,809 101,968 71,753 57,626 47,629 corporate form in 1997-1993)(4).. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income (pro forma corporate form 29,270 28,982 163,470 150,429 105,854 85,012 79,264 in 1997-1993).................... --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Basic net income per share (pro forma corporate form in 1997-1993)(4)(6) $ 0.16 $ 0.13 $ 0.86 $ 0.71 $ 0.61 $ 0.50 $ 0.42 Diluted net income per share (pro forma corporate form in 1997- 1993)(4)(6)...................... $ 0.15 $ 0.13 $ 0.82 $ 0.69 $ 0.59 $ 0.48 $ 0.40 Cash distributions per share to shareholders..................... $ 0.12 $ 0.11 $ 0.47 $ 0.44 $ 0.42 $ 0.41 $ 0.40 Partnership Information: (4) Income before income taxes....... $ 48,627 $ 274279 $ 252397 $ 177607 $ 142638 $ 117893 Provision for income taxes....... 1,767 10,203 7,257 5,580 2,755 2,146 One time tax benefit relating to change ------------------------------------------------------------------------- in tax status(5)................. -- $ 65,000 -- -- -- -- Net income....................... -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other Data: EBITDA(7)........................ $ 94,445 $ 77,419 $ 443,788 $ 369,701 $ 279,450 $ 228,389 $ 200,332 Net cash provided from operations 12,585 30,428 371,889 341,386 297,425 253,863 169,103 Property additions............... 23,354 12,970 46,232 42,952 44,624 32,202 33,113 Operating income margin.......... 7.1% 7.2% 8.7% 8.5% 7.9% 7.2% 6.3% Percent increase in pro forma diluted net income per share..... 15.4% 8.3% 18.8% 16.9% 22.9% 20.0% 21.2% 11 Three Months Ended Year Ended December 31, --------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------- March 31, March 31, 1998 1997 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993(2) --------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------- (unaudited) Operating Results: Operating revenue................ $ 981,788 $ 817,136 $ 3,961,502 $ 3,458,328 $ 3,202,504 $ 2,985,207 $ 2,758,859 Cost of services rendered and products sold............................. 794,797 657,145 3,058,160 2,681,008 2,499,700 2,356,435 2,192,684 Selling and administrative expenses--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Operating income................. 69,773 58,600 343,933 295,218 251,867 214,026 173,044 Non-operating expense (income): Interest expense(3)........... 24,095 10,392 76,447 38,298 35,855 31,543 32,483 Interest and investment income (3,435) (2,567) (14,304) (10,183) (7,310) (5,389) (5,882) Minority interest............. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Income before income taxes....... 49,113 48,627 274,279 252,397 177,607 142,638 117,893 Provision for income taxes (pro forma corporate form in 1997-1993)(4).. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Net income (pro forma corporate form--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- in 1997-1993).................... ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Financial Position at Period End: Working capital.................. $ 35,130 $ 50,083 $ 35,907 $ 73,782 $ 20,309 $ 26,650 $ 46,773 Total assets..................... 2,698,231 $ 2,185,624 2,475,224 1,846,841 1,649,890 1,230,839 1,122,461 Long-term debt................... 1,379,936 $ 572,863 1,247,845 482,315 411,903 386,511 384,509 Shareholders' equity (3)......... 548,867 972,192 524,438 796,767 746,660 307,266 289,219 - --------------------------- (1) All per share data reflect the three-for-two share splits in 1993, 1996 and 1997. For interim accounting purposes, certain costs directly associated with the generation of lawn care revenues are initially deferred and recognized as expense as the related revenues are recognized. All such costs are fully recognized within the fiscal year in which they are incurred. (2) The Company's results in 1993 exclude a $30.2 million gain realized on the issuance of subsidiary shares. Including such gain in the Company's results for 1993, the Company had net income of $145,947,000, pro forma corporate net income of $88,263,000, pro forma basic net income per share of $0.52 and pro forma diluted net income per share of $0.51. (3) In 1997, the Company incurred bank borrowings of approximately $91.0 million to finance the cash portion of the acquisition of Barefoot, Inc ("Barefoot") and approximately $626 million to fund the repurchase of the 19 percent ownership interest in ServiceMaster held by Waste Management, Inc. ("WMX"). The increase in interest expense and the decrease in shareholders' equity (as well as the number of shares outstanding) in 1997 is primarily the result of such borrowings and stock repurchase. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." (4) The Company converted from partnership to corporate form on December 26, 1997. See "The Reincorporation." Prior to the Reincorporation (as defined), the partnership was not subject to federal or state income taxes since its taxable income was allocated to the Company's shareholders. As a result of the Reincorporation, the Company is a taxable entity and is responsible for such payments. Pro forma information is presented to compare the continuing results of operations as if the Company were a taxable corporation in the periods presented. The pro forma provision for income taxes has been calculated assuming that the Company's effective tax rate was approximately 40 percent of pre-tax earnings. The Company's historical net income per share as a partnership (excluding a $30.2 million one-time gain realized in 1993) was as follows: Before One-Time Benefit Actual ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 ------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------- Basic......................... $1.39 $1.16 $0.99 $0.82 $0.68 $1.73 $1.16 $0.99 $0.82 $0.68 Diluted....................... $1.33 $1.12 $0.95 $0.80 $0.67 $1.66 $1.12 $0.95 $0.80 $0.67 In addition, with respect to the three-month period ended March 31, 1997, basic and diluted net income per share was $.22 and $.21, respectively in partnership form. (5) As a result of the Reincorporation, the Company recorded a deferred tax asset that represents the tax effect of the difference between the book and tax basis of the Company's assets and liabilities. This resulted in the recognition of a deferred tax asset on the balance sheet and a corresponding $65.0 million gain in the tax benefit line of the income statement. The actual economic benefit to the Company of the tax basis step-up significantly exceeds the amount of the gain and is expected to result in a reduction of annual cash tax payments exceeding $25 million per year for 15 years. See "The Reincorporation." (6) The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 128, "Earnings Per Share," which requires the dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share replaces the previously required presentation of primary earnings per share. Basic earnings per share includes no dilution from options, debentures or other financial instruments and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of convertible securities and options to purchase common stock. Basic earnings per share are calculated based on 186,597,000 shares in the three month period ended March 31, 1998, 190,629,000 shares in 1997, 216,309,000 shares in the three month period ended March 31, 1997, 211,587,000 shares in 1996, 173,588,000 shares in 1995, 170,433,000 in 1994 and 169,279,000 in 1993 while diluted earnings per share are calculated based on 192,970,000 shares in the three month period ended March 31, 1998, 199,760,000 shares in 1997, 224,429,000 shares in the three month period ended March 31, 1997, 220,286,000 shares in 1996, 182,135,000 shares in 1995, 177,928,000 in 1994 and 177,487,000 in 1993. (7) Represents earnings before interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"). EBITDA is a commonly-used supplemental measurement of a company's ability to generate cash flow. Management believes that EBITDA is another measure which demonstrates the cash-generating abilities of the company's businesses. However, EBITDA should not be considered an alternative to net income in measuring the Company's performance or used as an exclusive measure of cash flow because it does not consider the impact of working capital growth, capital expenditures, debt principal reductions or other sources and uses of cash which are disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. 12 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS First Quarter 1998 Compared to First Quarter 1997 Revenues increased 20 percent over the first quarter of 1997 to $982 million through a combination of acquisitions and solid growth from base operations. Approximately half of the growth resulted from the formation of ServiceMaster Employer Services through an acquisition of a professional employer organization in August of 1997. This service line has a significant impact on revenues and margins, because the entire payroll of the employees for whom services are provided is recognized both as revenue and operating cost. As a result, the margins are low in this business and reduce the Company's consolidated operating income margin. Operating income increased 19 percent to $69.8 million while margins decreased to 7.1 percent of revenue from 7.2 percent in 1997. Operating margins excluding ServiceMaster Employer Services increased to 7.8 percent of revenue, reflecting improved operating efficiencies and the continued growth of the higher margin businesses. Corporate earnings per share in the first quarter were $.15 compared to pro forma corporate earnings per share of $.13 last year, an increase of 15 percent. Pro forma information presents the results of operations as if the Company had been a taxable corporation in both periods. On this same basis, net income grew one percent, from $29.0 million to $29.3 million. Net income growth was affected heavily by higher interest expense, resulting primarily from the transaction with WMX in which the Company repurchased WMX's 19 percent ownership interest in ServiceMaster (40.7 million shares) for $626 million on April 1, 1997. Earnings per share grew at a faster rate than net income because the transaction reduced shares outstanding significantly. The ServiceMaster Consumer Services business unit achieved strong double digit increases in revenues and profits. Strong growth in all five operating companies and the addition of Rescue Rooter, an acquisition in the plumbing business, contributed to an overall 21 percent increase in segment revenues. TruGreen-ChemLawn operations started the year with excellent revenue growth and improved margins. Impressive revenue increases across service lines reflected customer count increases and favorable weather conditions. Another important development was the entry into the commercial landscape business through acquisitions of four regional companies during the quarter, which broadened the presence in the commercial sector of the market. Terminix achieved strong increases in revenues and profits and significantly improved margins reflecting favorable weather conditions and strong growth in higher margin renewal business. American Home Shield had very strong increases in both revenues and profits with double digit increases in real estate and direct-to-consumer sales as well as strong renewal growth. The franchise operations, Residential/Commercial and Merry Maids, achieved strong growth with encouraging results in our company-owned businesses. The ServiceMaster Management Services business unit reported a modest increase in revenue with profits below last year. The Healthcare Services market achieved revenue growth although profits were lower, reflecting investments in the business and continued competitive pressures in the acute care sector of the market. Profits in the Education Management Services market increased reflecting improved margins from base business as well as the favorable effect of the elimination of costs incurred last year related to unwinding a large contract. The Business & Industry group reported modest growth in revenue and profits comparable to last year. Cost of services rendered and products sold increased 21 percent due primarily to the addition of ServiceMaster Employer Services, as well as general business growth. Cost of services increased as a percentage of revenue to 81.0 percent from 80.4 percent in 1997. Excluding ServiceMaster Employer Services, cost of services increased only 9 percent and decreased as a percentage of revenue to 79.6 percent. This decrease primarily reflects the changing mix of the business as ServiceMaster Consumer Services increases in size in relationship to the overall business of the Company as well as productivity improvements and the successful integration of acquisitions at ServiceMaster Consumer Services. The ServiceMaster Consumer Services businesses generally operate at higher gross margin levels than the rest of the business but also incur somewhat higher selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenues. Selling and administrative expenses increased 16 percent due to general business growth and acquisitions, and decreased as a percentage of revenue to 11.9% in 1998 from 12.4% in 1997. This decrease as a percentage of revenue 13 is primarily attributable to the addition of ServiceMaster Employer Services and efficiency gains at ServiceMaster Consumer Services, offset in part by the changing business mix of the Company noted above. Interest expense increased over the prior year primarily due to increased debt levels associated with the repurchase of ServiceMaster shares from WMX and acquisitions. Interest and investment income increased due to gains on sale of marketable securities at American Home Shield in 1998. 1997 Compared with 1996 Revenues increased 15 percent to $4 billion reflecting the effect of acquisitions and growth from base operations. Operating income increased 17 percent to $344 million, while margins increased to 8.7 percent of revenue from 8.5 percent in 1996, reflecting the continued strong growth of higher margin businesses, productivity improvements and the integration of the acquired operations of Barefoot. These improvements were offset in part by the impact of Certified Systems, Inc. ("CSI"), the newly acquired professional employer organization, which has significantly lower margins than the rest of the Company's businesses. Operating income margins would have improved 50 basis points excluding this acquisition. Pro forma information is presented which compares the continuing results of operations as if the Company had been a taxable corporation in all years. On this basis, net income grew 9 percent to $163 million. Basic earnings per share increased 21 percent to $0.86 and diluted earnings per share were up 19 percent to $0.82. Earnings per share grew at a higher rate than net income due to the transaction with WMX in which the Company repurchased WMX's 19 percent ownership interest in ServiceMaster (40.7 million shares repurchased at approximately $15.38 per share) for $626 million on April 1, 1997. This transaction served to increase interest expense significantly and reduce shares outstanding. Historical net income was $329 million including a one-time tax gain of $65 million realized upon the Reincorporation. The resulting historical basic and diluted earnings per share were $1.73 and $1.66, respectively. Partnership net income excluding this gain increased 8 percent to $264 million. On this basis, basic and diluted earnings per share were $1.39 and $1.33, increases of 20 percent and 19 percent, respectively. ServiceMaster Consumer Services achieved a 14 percent increase in revenue and a 21 percent increase in pro forma net income reflecting the successful integration of the Barefoot business (which was acquired in February 1997) combined with good growth from base operations and other acquisitions. The TruGreen-ChemLawn operations achieved strong double-digit growth in revenue and profits reflecting the Barefoot acquisition, increases in the customer base, improved branch efficiencies, strong sales of ancillary services and favorable weather conditions throughout most of the year. Terminix achieved solid growth in revenue and profits for the year. Strong growth in renewals and productivity improvements offset the effects of adverse weather conditions on termite operations and increased termite remediation costs. American Home Shield achieved very strong double-digit increases in both revenue and profits, with excellent increases in contract renewals and direct-to-consumer sales. This is consistent with an overall strategy to expand channels of distribution in this business which have historically been concentrated in the residential resale market. ServiceMaster Residential/Commercial and Merry Maids reported modest profit growth and solid revenue growth for the year, reflecting the conversion of certain franchises and distributors to company- owned operations. ServiceMaster Management Services, which includes Diversified Health Services ("DHS"), achieved 7 percent growth in revenue reflecting the Premier Manufacturing Support Services ("Premier") acquisition made last year and, to a lesser degree, growth in the base business. The base business growth resulted from improvements in Healthcare Services (which includes DHS) and Business & Industry group, offset by reductions in Education Management Services. Pro forma net income was flat compared to the prior year. Despite continuing competitive pressures and industry consolidation in the acute care market, the Company achieved solid revenue increases and improved customer retention in the Healthcare market. Reported profits in this market were comparable to the prior year. Within the acute care sector, good growth was realized from sales of the Integrated Service product which provides comprehensive service solutions to clients. The Company achieved significant revenue and profit increases in the Business & Industry market, largely as a result of the successful integration of the Premier acquisition and modest growth in the base business. In the Education market, revenue and profits declined due to the discontinuation of certain large accounts and margin pressures in certain accounts. 14 Revenue in the Company's New Business Development and Parent segment (which includes ServiceMaster Employer Services) increased significantly, reflecting the August 1997 acquisition of CSI, which added approximately $155 million in revenue and minimal profits after acquisition related costs. CSI is a professional employer organization that provides clients with administrative processing of payroll, workers' compensation insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance, and other employee benefit plans. Pro forma net income reflects the additional interest expense incurred relating to the WMX share repurchase. On a consolidated basis, cost of services rendered and products sold increased 14 percent and decreased slightly as a percentage of revenue to 77.2 percent in 1997 from 77.5 percent in 1996. This reflects the changing mix of the enterprise as ServiceMaster Consumer Services increased in size relative to the overall business of the Company. ServiceMaster Consumer Services operates at a higher gross profit margin than ServiceMaster Management Services, but incurs relatively higher levels of selling and administrative costs. However, much of this reduction in cost of goods sold was offset by the acquisition of CSI which operates at significantly lower gross margins than the Company's other businesses. Without CSI, cost of goods sold would have been 76.5 percent of revenue in 1997. Consolidated selling and administrative expenses increased 16 percent over the prior year, and as a percentage of revenue, increased from 13.9 percent in 1996 to 14.1 percent in 1997, reflecting the changing business mix of the Company described above. Interest expense increased over the prior year primarily due to increased debt levels associated with the repurchase of shares previously held by WMX and acquisitions. Interest and investment income increased over the prior year levels due to growth in, and strong returns from, the investment portfolio at American Home Shield as well as a gain associated with the sale of an interest in an international joint venture. Minority interest expense decreased due to the repurchase of minority ownership interests in subsidiary entities. Most operations conducted by the Company and its subsidiary partnerships have been exempt from federal corporate income tax since 1986. However, beginning in 1998, the Internal Revenue Code would have imposed federal corporate tax on the Company's operations even if the Company remained in partnership form. In anticipation of this change in tax status, ServiceMaster shareholders approved a reincorporating merger which was completed on December 26, 1997, and the Company converted from partnership to corporate form. See "The Reincorporation". As a result of the Reincorporation, the Company recognized a step-up in the tax basis of its assets, which will be amortized against taxable income in future years. Simultaneously, the Company recorded a book gain representing the tax effect of the difference between the tax and book basis of the Company's assets and liabilities. The actual value to the Company of the tax basis step-up significantly exceeds the amount of the deferred tax asset. The Company believes that the step-up will result in a reduction in its annual cash tax payments in excess of $25 million per year over the ensuing 15 years. 1996 Compared with 1995 Revenue increased 8 percent to $3.5 billion primarily due to internal growth, with the effects of acquisition activity at both ServiceMaster Consumer Services and ServiceMaster Management Services offsetting the disposition of the Education Food Service line in early 1995. Operating income increased 17 percent to $295 million, while margins increased to 8.5 percent of revenue from 7.9 percent in 1995, reflecting the combined effects of the continued rapid growth of our higher margin business units and the favorable effects of overhead leveraging throughout the enterprise. Both net income and earnings per share reflect the December 1995 acquisition of WMX's minority ownership interest in ServiceMaster Consumer Services, which reduced minority interest expense and increased the number of shares outstanding by approximately 41 million (on a post-split basis). Pro forma net income, restated as if the Company were a taxpaying corporation, was $150 million, a 42 percent increase over the comparable 1995 level with pro forma basic earnings per share at $0.71, a 16 percent increase and pro forma diluted earnings per share at $0.69, a 17 percent increase. Historical Partnership net income was $245 million, up 43 percent from the prior year while historical basic earnings per share were $1.16, an increase of 17 percent and historical diluted earnings per share were $1.12, an 18 percent increase. 15 ServiceMaster Consumer Services achieved a 13 percent increase in revenue and pro forma net income growth of 23 percent. TruGreen-ChemLawn operations had strong growth in revenue and profits despite unfavorable weather conditions throughout the year. Continued strong growth in residential services and strong commercial sales, combined with the favorable effects of new service initiatives, such as interior plantscaping and home fertilizer delivery, helped offset the weather-related adversities. Terminix achieved solid growth in revenue as a result of increases in pest control sales and termite completions. Profits also increased but at a less rapid pace due to changes in the sales mix and higher production costs. American Home Shield achieved very strong increases in warranty contracts written, earned revenue and profits. These increases were primarily the result of strong internal growth, small acquisitions and continued increases in contract renewals. The ServiceMaster Residential/Commercial operations continued to achieve growth in revenue and profits, reflecting the continued repurchase of distributors, as well as steady internal growth which offset a decline in large disaster recovery projects. The Merry Maids business achieved solid increases in revenue and profits as a result of strong growth from existing franchises, as well as the expansion of company-owned branch operations. ServiceMaster Management Services, including DHS, achieved 18 percent overall growth in pro forma net income for the year, reflecting significant transaction-related fees and gains, strong cost controls and improved customer retention, as well as the elimination of losses incurred in 1995 from the discontinued Education Food Service business. Revenue for the traditional businesses grew three percent over the prior year as improvements in Education and Business & Industry were offset by slight reductions in Healthcare Services. Revenue generated from the fourth quarter acquisition of Premier offset the effect of the disposition of Education Food Service in February 1995. The traditional Healthcare business, which primarily serves the acute care sector of the health care market, recorded profits that were consistent with the prior year level. Strong cost controls and efficiency gains offset a slight decline in revenue, reflecting continuing competitive pressures and industry consolidations. DHS continued to achieve excellent growth in revenues and profits, reflecting strong growth in management services, improvements in the rehabilitation operations which were started in 1995, and a significant increase in transaction-related fees and gains. The Education market experienced solid revenue growth with an improved customer retention rate. Profits decreased as a result of lower margins on a higher mix of large school district contracts. The Business & Industry unit achieved double-digit increases in both revenue and profits, with a substantial increase in services to the aviation industry. Revenue in the Company's New Business Development and Parent segment decreased, reflecting the 1995 sale of a small business investment. Profits were improved reflecting the purchase of the WMX minority ownership interest in ServiceMaster Consumer Services in exchange for ServiceMaster shares. On a consolidated basis, cost of services rendered and products sold increased 7 percent but continued to decline as a percentage of revenue to 77.5 percent in 1996 from 78.1 percent in 1995. This decrease as a percentage of revenue reflects the changing mix of the business as ServiceMaster Consumer Services increases in size in relation to the overall business of the Company. ServiceMaster Consumer Services operates at a higher gross profit margin than ServiceMaster Management Services, but incurs relatively higher levels of selling and administrative costs. Consolidated selling and administrative expenses increased 7 percent over the prior year, but as a percentage of revenue, decreased from 14.1 percent in 1995 to 13.9 percent in 1996, reflecting good cost controls and improved efficiencies. Overall operating income margins continue to reflect effective leveraging and rapid growth in higher margin businesses, improving to 8.5 percent of revenues compared to 7.9 percent in 1995. Interest income increased over prior year levels due to growth in the investment portfolio at American Home Shield, as well as gains realized on several sales of marketable securities during the year. Interest expense increased over the prior year, reflecting increased borrowings relating to acquisitions and treasury share purchases. The decrease in minority interest expense primarily reflects the purchase from WMX of the minority interest in ServiceMaster Consumer Services in December 1995. 16 Fiscal Year End 1997 Financial Position The Company continued to exhibit its excellent cash generating ability, with cash flows from operations increasing 9 percent to $372 million and free operating cash flows (defined as cash flows from operations less property additions) increasing 9 percent to $326 million. The Company's free operating cash flows represent the cash available for enhancing shareholder value (e.g., acquisitions, dividends and share repurchases) after financing the growth of existing business units. Cash flows from the operating segments grew at strong double digit rates and were partially offset by increased interest expense relating to the WMX transaction. The Company's free operating cash flows have consistently exceeded recurring net income as a result of relatively low working capital and fixed asset requirements, combined with the effects of noncash charges for depreciation and amortization. Cash and marketable securities totaled approximately $124 million at December 31, 1997. Debt levels increased despite strong operating cash flows due to the repurchase of WMX's 19 percent ownership interest in the Company for $626 million and acquisitions. The Company is a party to a number of long- term debt agreements which require it to comply with certain financial covenants, including limitations on indebtedness, restricted payments, fixed charge coverage ratios and net worth. The Company is in compliance with the covenants related to these debt agreements. Management believes that funds generated from operations and other existing financial resources will continue to be adequate to satisfy the ongoing operating needs of the Company. In addition, the Company had $450 million of unused commitment on its revolving bank facility at December 31, 1997. On February 24, 1997, the Company completed the acquisition of Barefoot, the second largest professional residential lawn care service company in the United States. The aggregate value of this transaction was approximately $237 million with the payment consisting of $146 million of shares and the remainder in cash. On August 11, 1997, the Company acquired CSI, one of the nation's ten largest PEOs. CSI provides clients with administrative processing of payroll, workers' compensation insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance and other employee benefit plans. Subsequent to year-end, ServiceMaster acquired Rescue Industries, Inc., which operates under the trade name Rescue Rooter. Rescue Rooter is one of the largest companies in America specializing in plumbing and drain cleaning services. On April 1, 1997, ServiceMaster repurchased the entire 19 percent ownership interest that WMX had held in the Company for approximately $626 million. WMX had owned 40.7 million restricted shares of ServiceMaster and also had an option to purchase an additional 2.8 million shares which was canceled as part of the transaction. This transaction was immediately additive to earnings per share and provided significant, incremental tax benefits to the Company. In April 1997, the Company also entered into a committed $1 billion multi-currency revolving credit agreement, which includes a five-year revolving credit facility of $750 million and a 364-day revolving credit facility of $250 million with a one-year term loan option (two-year total term). The one-year term loan option was not exercised and the $250 million 364-day revolving credit facility expired on March 31, 1998. On July 28, 1997, ServiceMaster filed a Form S-3 shelf registration statement with the Commission providing for the sale of up to $950 million in either unsecured senior debt securities or equity interests. On August 14, 1997, the Company completed a $300 million dual-tranche debt offering consisting of $100 million principal amount of 6.95 percent notes due August 15, 2007 and $200 million principal amount of 7.45 percent notes due August 15, 2027. On March 2, 1998, the Company completed a $300 million dual-tranche offering of unsecured senior notes consisting of $150 million principal amount of 7.10 percent notes due March 1, 2018 and $150 million principal amount of 7.25 percent notes due March 1, 2038. The net proceeds of these offerings were used to refinance borrowings under bank credit facilities, thereby reducing the Company's exposure to short-term interest rate fluctuations. Because certain computer programs use two digits rather than four to define the applicable year, many systems may not function properly beyond the year 1999. In addition, certain systems are unable to recognize the year 2000 as a leap year. The Company has conducted a review of its computer systems to identify those that could be affected by the 17 year 2000 problem, and has determined that it will be required to replace or remediate many of its systems to facilitate their continuing reliable operation. The Company currently believes that expenses directly related to this effort are not expected to have a material impact on the results of its operations. Although the Company believes that critical remediation efforts will be completed prior to the year 2000, the untimely completion of these efforts could, in certain circumstances, have a material adverse effect on the operations of the Company. In addition, the Company is in the process of establishing whether the external parties and systems with which the Company interacts and external systems for which the Company has certain maintenance responsibilities are in compliance and whether non-compliance could have a material adverse impact on the Company. Accounts receivable and inventories increased reflecting general business growth and the acquisition of Barefoot. The increases in prepaid expenses and other assets resulted from the strong growth at American Home Shield, where initial direct contract costs are capitalized and expensed over the life of the service contract, and the recording of deferred tax assets related to the conversion to corporate form. Intangible assets have grown primarily due to the acquisition of Barefoot, CSI, and other smaller companies. Property and equipment increased primarily due to acquisitions and general business growth. The Company does not have any material capital commitments at this time. Notes receivable and other long-term assets increased due to the deferred tax assets discussed above. Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities increased due to general business growth and the effects of acquisitions. Deferred revenue increased primarily as a result of strong growth in warranty contracts written at American Home Shield and an increase in customer prepayments at TruGreen- ChemLawn. At the end of 1997, there were no minority ownership interests in subsidiary entities, and the interests of the General Partners in the two parent partnership entities were eliminated upon the Reincorporation. Total shareholders' equity decreased to $524 million in 1997 from $797 million at December 31, 1996, reflecting the repurchase of shares previously owned by WMX and other treasury share repurchases and cash distributions. This reduction was partially offset by strong growth in earnings, shares issued to acquire Barefoot, and the gain recorded related to establishing the deferred tax assets created upon the Reincorporation. The Company continues to repurchase shares in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions pursuant to the authorization previously granted by the Board of Directors. As of December 31, 1997, there was $39 million of authorization remaining. At year end, the aggregate market value of the Company's outstanding shares exceeded $5 billion. An investor who held shares for the entire year realized a total return on investment of 71 percent in 1997 (assuming reinvestment of all dividends), exceeding market averages. ServiceMaster shareholders have also experienced compounded annual total returns (assuming reinvestment of all cash distributions) exceeding 33 percent over the last five years, 26 percent over the last 10 years and 24 percent over the last 20 years. Cash distributions paid directly to shareholders totaled $89 million, or $0.46 2/3 per share, a 6 percent per share increase over the prior year. The total amount of cash distributions, including payments made to the shareholders' trust described below, increased 6 percent to approximately $156 million. In 1993, ServiceMaster established a trust for the benefit of Parent Partnership shareholders. Each year, the trust was allocated the portion of the Parent Partnership's taxable income which exceeded the level of direct cash distributions, thereby reducing the taxable income of the shareholders. The trust received cash payments from the Parent Partnership in amounts sufficient to pay its income tax obligations on this allocated taxable income. Cash distributions made to the trust totaled $65 million in 1997 and $50 million in 1996. The trust was terminated upon the Reincorporation and has no residual resources or obligations except for its final income tax payment. The return to corporate form is not expected to impact the enterprise's future liquidity or capital resources materially. As a corporation, the Company is responsible for the payment of corporate federal and state income taxes. Nonetheless, the increased cash requirements related to corporate income taxes will be significantly offset by the elimination of cash payments to the Partnership's shareholder trust and the annual cash benefit resulting from the step-up in tax basis in the enterprise's assets realized upon the Reincorporation. In addition, management expects that the 18 Company will not be required to pay federal income taxes resulting from its 1998 earnings until March of 1999. At that time, the Company will be responsible for its 1998 obligation and will begin making estimated payments for its 1999 obligations. The following table presents net income before interest expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization. EBITDA is a commonly-used supplemental measurement of a company's ability to generate cash flow used by many of ServiceMaster's investors and lenders. Many of the Company's existing long- term debt arrangements require it to maintain specified levels of EBITDA. Management believes that EBITDA is another measure which demonstrates the cash-generating abilities of the Company's businesses. Year Ended December 31, ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993(1) (In thousands, except percentage data) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net income....................................... $ 329,076 $ 245,140 $ 172,019 $ 139,883 $ 115,747 Depreciation..................................... 45,392 41,658 38,332 32,885 29,674 Amortization..................................... 47,670 37,348 27,656 21,323 20,282 (65,000) -- -- -- -- Tax benefit relating to change in tax status..... ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Cash income...................................... 357,138 324,146 238,007 194,091 165,703 Interest expense................................. 76,447 38,298 35,855 31,543 32,483 Tax provision (while organized as a partnership). 10,203 7,257 5,588 2,755 2,146 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ EBITDA........................................... 443,788 369,701 279,450 228,389 200,332 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Growth over prior period......................... 20% 32% 22% 14% 15% - --------------------------- (1) The Company's results in 1993 exclude a $30.2 million gain realized on the issuance of subsidiary shares. Including such gain in the Company's results in 1993, the Company had net income of $145,947. EBITDA should not be considered an alternative to net income in measuring the Company's performance, or used as an exclusive measure of cash flow because it does not consider the impact of working capital growth, capital expenditures, debt principal reductions or other sources and uses of cash which are disclosed in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. 1998 First Quarter Financial Position Update Net cash provided from operations of $13 million was below the first quarter level in 1997. The decrease primarily reflects the timing of interest payments relating to the public debt issued in August of 1997, the acceleration of prepayment collections at TruGreen-ChemLawn into the fourth quarter of 1997 and the current year funding of seasonal investments for the acquired lawn care operations. Due to the seasonality of the lawn care and pest control operating cycles, the Company's working capital needs are the highest during the first quarter. Management believes that funds generated from operations and other existing resources will continue to be adequate to satisfy ongoing working capital needs of the Company. Federal taxes on the Company's earnings, while accrued in the consolidated income statement, will not have to be paid until the first quarter of 1999. At that time, the Company will be responsible for its 1998 obligation and will begin making estimated tax payments for 1999 as well. Accounts and notes receivable grew over year end levels reflecting general business growth, increased seasonal activity in the ServiceMaster Consumer Services segment, and acquisitions. Inventories also increased over year end levels as a result of normal seasonal build-ups in the pest control and lawn care businesses. Prepaids and other assets have increased from year end because of seasonality in the lawn care business. The lawn care operation defers certain marketing costs that are incurred during the first quarter but are directly associated with revenues realized in subsequent quarters of the current year. These costs are then amortized over the balance of the current lawn care production season, as the related revenues are recognized. Deferred revenues also grew significantly, reflecting strong growth and increases in customer prepayments for lawn care services as well as increased volume of warranty contracts written at American Home Shield. 19 Property and equipment increased due to general business growth and acquisitions. Capital expenditures grew primarily due to investments in predictive dialers at TruGreen-ChemLawn and computer system upgrades throughout the organization. The Company has no material capital commitments at this time. Intangible assets increased from year end primarily reflecting the effect of the acquisitions, which included Rescue Rooter (a plumbing business), commercial landscape companies and other smaller ServiceMaster Consumer Services companies. Accrued liabilities increased from year end reflecting seasonal activity at ServiceMaster Consumer Services. Debt levels increased due to the seasonal nature of the Company's operating cash flows, combined with the effects of acquisitions, property additions and share repurchases. Total shareholders' equity increased to $549 million in 1998 from $524 million at December 31, 1997 reflecting earnings growth, as well as the shares issued for acquisitions, partially offset by distributions and treasury share repurchases. The Company continues to repurchase shares in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions pursuant to the authorization previously granted by the Board of Directors. Cash distributions paid directly to shareholders totaled $22 million or $.12 per share. The 9 percent decrease from the prior year primarily reflects the April 1997 repurchase of ServiceMaster shares from WMX offset in part by a 6 percent increase in distributions per share. In April, the Company filed a Form S-3 registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission to offer up to 10.6 million shares of Common Stock which included approximately 7.6 million shares to be newly issued by the Company and the remaining 3 million shares to be sold by existing shareholders. Due to strong investor demand, the selling shareholders component of the offering was increased from 3 million to 6.55 million shares, including the exercise of the over-allotment option by the underwriters. On May 11, the public offering of approximately 14.15 million shares was priced at $28.75 per share. The net proceeds to the Company after the underwriting discount and offering expenses were approximately $209 million and will be used to reduce outstanding debt under existing bank credit facilities, thereby reducing interest expense and increasing the Company's financial flexibility. 20 BUSINESS The Company; Principal Business Groups ServiceMaster is a holding company whose shares of common stock are traded on the NYSE. Through its subsidiaries, the Company is engaged in providing a variety of specialty services to homeowners and commercial facilities and supportive management services in several markets, including the healthcare market, the education market and certain segments of the business and industry market. The Company is organized into three principal operating groups: ServiceMaster Consumer Services, ServiceMaster Management Services and ServiceMaster Employer Services. Each of these operating groups is headed by a limited partnership or a corporation which has its own group of operating subsidiaries. The parent companies for the operating groups are ServiceMaster Consumer Services Limited Partnership, which was formed in the summer of 1990; ServiceMaster Management Services Limited Partnership, which was formed in December 1991; and ServiceMaster Employer Services, Inc. which was formed in August 1997. All of the parent companies for the operating groups are wholly owned by the Company. All subsidiaries of the operating group parent companies are wholly owned, except for Rescue Rooter, L.L.C., a subsidiary of ServiceMaster Consumer Services in which senior Rescue Rooter management will acquire equity interests of not more than 10 percent in total and which are subject to certain put and call rights. Trademarks and Service Marks; Franchises The Company's trademarks and service marks are important for all elements of the Company's business, although such marks are particularly important in the advertising and franchising activities conducted by the operating subsidiaries of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. Such marks are registered and are renewed at each registration expiration date. Within ServiceMaster Consumer Services, franchises are important for the TruGreen-ChemLawn, Terminix, ServiceMaster Residential/Commercial, Merry Maids, AmeriSpec and Furniture Medic businesses. Nevertheless, revenues and profits derived from franchise-related activities constitute less than 10% of the revenue and profits of the consolidated ServiceMaster enterprise. Franchise agreements made in the course of these businesses are generally for a term of five years. ServiceMaster's renewal history is that most of the franchise agreements which expire in any given year are renewed. ServiceMaster Consumer Services ServiceMaster Consumer Services provides specialty services to homeowners and commercial facilities through eight companies: TruGreen L.P. ("TruGreen-ChemLawn"); The Terminix International Company L.P. ("Terminix"); ServiceMaster Residential/Commercial Services L.P. ("Res/Com"); Merry Maids L.P. ("Merry Maids"); American Home Shield Corporation ("American Home Shield" or "AHS"); AmeriSpec, Inc. ("AmeriSpec"); Furniture Medic L.P. ("Furniture Medic"); and Rescue Rooter L.L.C. ("Rescue Rooter"). Rescue Rooter was acquired by ServiceMaster Consumer Services on January 1, 1998. The services provided by these companies include: lawn care, tree and shrub services and indoor plant maintenance services under the "TruGreen", "ChemLawn" and "Barefoot" service marks; termite and pest control services under the "Terminix" service mark; residential and commercial cleaning and disaster restoration services under the "ServiceMaster" service mark; domestic housekeeping services under the "Merry Maids" service mark; home systems and appliance warranty contracts under the "American Home Shield" service mark; home inspection services under the "AmeriSpec" service mark; on-site furniture repair and restoration under the "Furniture Medic" service mark; and plumbing and drain cleaning services under the "Rescue Rooter" service mark. The services provided by the eight Consumer Services companies are part of the ServiceMaster "Quality Service Network" and are accessed by calling a single toll-free telephone number: 1-800-WE SERVE. ServiceMaster 21 focuses on establishing relationships to provide one or more of these services on a repetitive basis to customers. Since 1986, the number of customers served by ServiceMaster Consumer Services has increased from fewer than one million domestic customers to more than 9.6 million worldwide customers. For most of 1997, the first-tier subsidiary of the ServiceMaster parent entity was primarily responsible for overseeing the ServiceMaster Consumer Services businesses which were conducted in foreign markets. However, at the end of 1997, responsibility for such businesses was transferred to the appropriate subsidiary of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. TruGreen-ChemLawn. TruGreen-ChemLawn is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. As of December 31, 1997, TruGreen-ChemLawn had 206 company-owned branches and 84 franchised branches. With over 3 million residential and commercial customers, TruGreen-ChemLawn is the leading provider of lawn care services in the United States. TruGreen-ChemLawn provides lawn, tree and shrub care services in Saudi Arabia and Turkey through licensing arrangements and in Canada through a subsidiary. TruGreen-ChemLawn also provides interior plantscape services to commercial customers. The TruGreen-ChemLawn businesses are seasonal in nature. On February 24, 1997, the Company's predecessor, for the benefit of TruGreen-ChemLawn, completed the acquisition of 99.38% of the outstanding stock of Barefoot through a tender offer. On February 26, 1997, the remaining 0.62% of the Barefoot stock was acquired through a statutory merger. In these transactions, Barefoot stockholders collectively received approximately $84,800,000 in cash and 8,621,055 limited partner shares (post-June 1997 3-for-2 share split) of the Company's predecessor. For purposes of these transactions, the Barefoot stock was valued at $16.00 per share and the Company's shares were valued at $16.9389 per share (post-June 1997 3-for-2 share split). The aggregate value of the Barefoot transaction (including the amount paid in redemption of the Barefoot shareholders rights plan and transaction expenses) was approximately $237,000,000. At the time of the transaction, Barefoot was the second largest provider of professional lawn care services in the United States. Terminix. Terminix is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. With over 3 million residential and commercial customers, Terminix, through its company-owned branches and through franchisees, is the leading provider of termite and pest control services in the United States. As of December 31, 1997, Terminix was providing these services through 290 company-owned branches in 45 states and Mexico and through 241 franchised branches in 28 states. Terminix also manages the following European pest control companies, all of which are subsidiaries of TMX-Europe B.V., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company: Terminix Peter Cox Ltd., a leading pest control and wood preservation company in the United Kingdom and Ireland; Terminix Protekta B.V. and Riwa B.V., each a leading pest control company in the Netherlands and Belgium; Anticimex Development B.V., a holding company for the leading pest control company in Sweden and which also operates in Norway; and the Stenglein Group, a group of pest control companies in Germany. Terminix also provides termite and pest control services through licensing arrangements with local service providers in seven other countries. The Terminix business is seasonal in nature. Res/Com. Res/Com is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. ServiceMaster, through Res/Com, is the leading franchisor in the United States in the residential and commercial cleaning field. Res/Com provides carpet and upholstery cleaning and janitorial services, disaster restoration services and window cleaning services. As of December 31, 1997, these services were provided to approximately 1.7 million residential and commercial customers worldwide through a network of over 4,500 independent franchisees. Res/Com provides its services through subsidiaries in Canada, Germany, Ireland and the United Kingdom, and through licensing arrangements with local service providers in six other countries. Merry Maids. Merry Maids is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L. P. Merry Maids is the organization through which ServiceMaster provides domestic house cleaning services. With approximately 352,000 worldwide customers, Merry Maids is the leading provider of domestic house cleaning services in the United States. As of December 31, 1997, these services were provided through 27 company-owned branches in 19 states and through 797 licensees operating in all 50 states. Merry Maids also provides domestic house cleaning services through subsidiaries in Canada and the United Kingdom and through licensing arrangements with local service providers in three other countries. 22 American Home Shield. AHS is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. AHS is a leading provider of home systems and appliance warranty contracts ("warranty contracts") in the United States, providing homeowners with contracts covering the repair or replacement of built-in appliances, hot water heaters and electrical, plumbing, central heating and central air conditioning systems which malfunction by reason of normal wear and tear. Warranty contracts are sold through participating real estate brokerage offices in conjunction with resales of single-family residences to homeowners. AHS also sells warranty contracts directly to non-moving homeowners by renewing existing contracts and through various other distribution channels which are currently being expanded. As of December 31, 1997, AHS warranty contracts provided for services to approximately 568,000 homes through approximately 13,000 independent repair maintenance contractors in 49 states and the District of Columbia, with operations in California, Texas and Arizona accounting for 27%, 18% and 6%, respectively, of gross contracts written by AHS. AHS also provides home service warranty contracts through licensing arrangements with local service providers in three other countries. AmeriSpec. AmeriSpec is a wholly-owned subsidiary of AHS. AmeriSpec is a leading provider of home inspection services in the United States. During 1997, AmeriSpec conducted approximately 100,000 home inspections in 42 states and Canada, with operations in California, New York and Illinois accounting for 23%, 6% and 5%, respectively, of the gross number of inspections conducted through AmeriSpec. Furniture Medic. Furniture Medic is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. Furniture Medic provides on-site furniture repair and restoration services in 47 states. As of December 31, 1997, these services were provided through 513 licensees. Furniture Medic also provides its services through subsidiaries in Canada and the United Kingdom and through licensing arrangements with local service providers in two other countries. Rescue Rooter. Rescue Rooter is a wholly-owned subsidiary of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. Rescue Rooter acquired the business and assets of Rescue Industries, Inc. on January 1, 1998. Rescue Rooter provides plumbing and drain cleaning services in ten states through 20 company-owned branches and one franchise location. In 1997, Rescue Rooter's predecessor performed services for approximately 400,000 customers. Certain key employees of Rescue Rooter will be afforded the opportunity to collectively purchase up to a 10% equity interest in Rescue Rooter pursuant to a management equity plan. Such interest will be subject to reciprocal put and call rights which will become exercisable on January 1, 2003 and which will be consummated on the basis of the then fair market value of the interest. ServiceMaster Management Services ServiceMaster pioneered the providing of supportive management services to health care facilities by instituting housekeeping management services in 1962. Since then, ServiceMaster has expanded its management services business such that it now provides a variety of supportive management services to health care, education and business and industrial customers (including the management of housekeeping, plant operations and maintenance, laundry and linen, grounds and landscaping, clinical equipment maintenance, food service, energy management, and total facility management). ServiceMaster's general programs and systems free the customer to focus on its core business activity with confidence that the support services are being managed and performed in an efficient manner. Management Services L.P. is organized into three divisions, each of which provides service on a nationwide basis within its market. These markets are: Healthcare Management Services; Education Management Services; and Business & Industry Management Services. For most of 1997, the first-tier subsidiary of the ServiceMaster parent entity was primarily responsible for overseeing the Management Services businesses which were conducted in foreign markets. However, at the end of 1997, responsibility for such businesses was transferred to ServiceMaster Management Services L.P. As of December 31, 1997, ServiceMaster was providing supportive management services to approximately 1,568 health care customers and to approximately 375 educational and commercial customers. These services were being provided in all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Outside of the United States, ServiceMaster was providing management services through subsidiaries in Canada and Japan, through an affiliated company in Mexico, and through licensing arrangements with local service providers in nineteen other countries. 23 ServiceMaster Healthcare Management Services. The ServiceMaster Healthcare Services division of ServiceMaster Management Services L.P. combines the resources of the healthcare segment of ServiceMaster Management Services L.P., Diversified Health Services, and their respective subsidiaries to form a comprehensive health services organization which provides management services to acute care and long-term care facilities; freestanding, hospital-based, and government-owned nursing homes; skilled nursing facilities; assisted living facilities; and hospital-based home health care agencies (as well as the direct operation of freestanding home health care agencies). Various other healthcare related services are provided by operating units within the Healthcare Services division. As of December 31, 1997, the ServiceMaster Healthcare Services companies had management services contracts with 1,568 customers in all 50 states. ServiceMaster Education Management Services. The Education division of ServiceMaster Management Services L.P. is a leading provider to the education market of maintenance, custodial and grounds services. The facilities which comprise the education market include primary schools, secondary schools and school districts, private specialty schools and colleges and universities. As of December 31, 1997, ServiceMaster was serving 273 educational customers. ServiceMaster believes there is potential for expansion in the education market due to its current relatively low penetration of that market and the trend of educational facilities to consider outsourcing more of their service requirements. However, a majority of the educational facilities continue to assume direct responsibility for managing their support functions. ServiceMaster Business & Industry Management Services. The Business & Industry division of ServiceMaster Management Services L.P. is a leading provider of plant operations and maintenance, custodial and grounds management services to business and industrial customers in selected markets. Such markets include the food processing, transportation, healthcare products and automotive markets. ServiceMaster believes that there is potential for expansion in these business and industrial markets due to ServiceMaster's current low penetration of those markets, the trend of businesses to consider outsourcing more of their service requirements and the trend of governmental units to privatize parts of their operations. As of December 31, 1997, ServiceMaster was serving approximately 100 business or industrial customers. ServiceMaster Employer Services ServiceMaster Employer Services, through its subsidiary, CSI, is one of the nation's largest professional employer organizations. It provides more than 790 clients with administrative processing of payroll, worker's compensation insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance and other employee benefits. International Operations Supportive management services and consumer services in international markets are provided through licensing arrangements with local service providers and ownership of foreign operating companies. Except as noted below, these activities in Europe, Latin America and the Middle East are administered as part of the operations of ServiceMaster Management Services L.P. and ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P., respectively. Operating arrangements and market expansion efforts in the Pacific Rim are administered by the parent company. In 1997, ServiceMaster disposed of its interests in the Tarmac/ServiceMaster management services joint venture in England and the Raab Karcher/ServiceMaster management services joint venture in Germany. These dispositions resulted in a small profit on the Company's investment. Other Activities Supporting Departments. The Company has various departments responsible for technical, engineering, management information, planning and market services, and product and process development activities. Various administrative support departments provide personnel, public relations, administrative, education, accounting, financial and legal services. 24 Manufacturing Division. ServiceMaster has a manufacturing division which formulates, combines and distributes supplies, products and equipment that are used internally in providing management services to customers and which are sold to licensees for use in the operation of their businesses. ServiceMaster has a small share of the market for the manufacture and distribution of cleaning equipment, chemicals and supplies. Venture Fund. ServiceMaster Venture Fund L.L.C., a subsidiary of the parent company (the "Venture Fund"), invests in emerging growth companies which show an ability to provide innovative service technologies to ServiceMaster's current and new customers. The Venture Fund is managed so as not to be intrusive to the ongoing operations of the Company's operating units. Industry Position, Competition and Customers The following information is based solely upon estimates made by the management of ServiceMaster and cannot be verified. In considering ServiceMaster's industry and competitive positions, it should be recognized that ServiceMaster competes with many other companies in the sale of its services, franchises and products and that some of these competitors are larger or have greater financial and marketing strength than ServiceMaster. The principal methods of competition employed by ServiceMaster in the Consumer Services business are name recognition, assurance of customer satisfaction and a history of providing quality services to homeowners. The principal methods of competition employed by ServiceMaster in each of the operating units in the Management Services business are price, quality of service and experience in providing management services. The principal methods of competition employed by ServiceMaster in the Employer Services business are name recognition, assurance of customer satisfaction and financial strength. Consumer Services Subsidiaries of Consumer Services provide a variety of residential and commercial services under their respective names on the basis of their and ServiceMaster's reputation, the strength of their service marks, their size and financial capability, and their training and technical support services. The markets served by Terminix and TruGreen-ChemLawn are seasonal in nature. Lawn Care Services. TruGreen-ChemLawn, both directly and through franchisees, provides lawn care services to residential and commercial customers. Competition within the lawn care market is strong, coming mainly from regional and local, independently-owned firms and from homeowners who elect to care for their lawns through their own personal efforts. TruGreen-ChemLawn is the leading national lawn care company within this market. TruGreen-ChemLawn also provides indoor plant maintenance to commercial customers. Lawn care services are regulated by law in most of the states in which TruGreen-ChemLawn provides such services. These laws require licensing which is conditional on a showing of technical competence and adequate bonding and insurance. The lawn care industry is regulated at the federal level under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, and lawn care companies (such as TruGreen-ChemLawn) which apply herbicides and pesticides are regulated under the Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act of 1972. Such laws, together with a variety of state and local laws and regulations, may limit or prohibit the use of certain herbicides and pesticides, and such restrictions may adversely affect the business of TruGreen-ChemLawn. Termite and Pest Control Services. The market for termite and pest control services to commercial and residential customers includes many competitors. Terminix is the leading national termite and pest control company within this market. Competition within the termite and pest control market is strong, coming mainly from regional and local, independently-owned firms throughout the United States and from one other large company which operates on a national basis. Termite and pest control services are regulated by law in most of the states in which Terminix provides such services. These laws require licensing which is conditional on a showing of technical competence and adequate bonding and insurance. The extermination industry is regulated at the federal level under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and 25 Rodenticide Act, and pesticide applicators (such as Terminix) are regulated under the Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act of 1972. Such laws, together with a variety of state and local laws and regulations, may limit or prohibit the use of certain pesticides, and such restrictions may adversely affect the business of Terminix. House Cleaning Services. The market for domestic house cleaning services is highly competitive. In urban areas the market involves numerous local companies and a few national companies. ServiceMaster believes that its share of the total potential market for such services is small and that there is significant potential for further expansion of its housecleaning business through continued internal expansion and greater penetration of the housecleaning market. Through its company-owned branches and its franchisees, ServiceMaster has a small share of the market for the cleaning of residential and commercial buildings. Home Systems and Appliance Warranty Contracts. The market for home systems and appliance warranty contracts is relatively new. ServiceMaster believes that AHS maintains a favorable position in its industry due to the system developed and used by AHS for accepting, dispatching and fulfilling service calls from homeowners through a nationwide network of independent contractors. AHS also has a computerized information system developed and owned by AHS, and an electronic digital voice communication system through which AHS handled more than 7.5 million calls in 1997. Home Inspection Services. AmeriSpec is a leading provider of home inspection services in the United States. Competition within this market is strong, coming mainly from regional and local, independently-owned firms. Furniture Repair Services. The market for on-site furniture repair services is relatively new. ServiceMaster believes that Furniture Medic maintains a favorable position in its industry due to its patented environmentally sensitive procedure for repairing furniture in the customer's home. Plumbing and Drain Cleaning Services. The market for plumbing and drain cleaning services is highly competitive in both the residential and commercial sectors. Rescue Rooter believes that its share of the total potential market for such services is small and that there is significant potential for future expansion and penetration. Plumbing is regulated by most states in which Rescue Rooter provides such services. The level of licensing varies from state to state. There are no state or federal guidelines regulating drain cleaning services. Management Services Health Care. Within the market consisting of general health care facilities having 50 or more beds, ServiceMaster is the leading supplier of plant operations and maintenance, housekeeping, clinical equipment maintenance, and laundry and linen management services. As of December 31, 1997, ServiceMaster was serving approximately 1,568 customers and managing approximately 1,900 health care facilities. The majority of health care facilities within this market not currently served by ServiceMaster assume direct responsibility for managing their own non-medical support functions. ServiceMaster believes that its management services for health care facilities may expand by the addition of facilities not presently served, by initiating additional services at facilities which use only a portion of the services now offered, by the development of new services and by growth in the size of facilities served. At the same time, industry consolidation, changes in use and methods of health care delivery and payment for services (including in particular changes in Medicare reimbursement regulations) continue to affect the health care environment. Education. ServiceMaster is a leading provider to the education market of maintenance, custodial and grounds services. The facilities which comprise the education market served by ServiceMaster include primary schools, secondary schools and school districts, private specialty schools and colleges and universities. As of December 31, 1997, ServiceMaster was serving approximately 273 customers and managing approximately 5,362 facilities. ServiceMaster believes there is potential for expansion in the education market due to its current relatively low penetration of that market and the trend of educational facilities to consider outsourcing more of their service requirements. However, a majority of the educational facilities continue to assume direct responsibility for managing their support functions. 26 Business and Industry. ServiceMaster is a leading provider of plant operations and maintenance, custodial and grounds management services to business and industrial customers in selected markets. ServiceMaster believes that there is potential for expansion in those business and industrial markets which ServiceMaster has elected to emphasize due to ServiceMaster's low current penetration of those markets, the trend of businesses to consider outsourcing more of their service requirements and the trend of governmental units to privatize parts of their operations. The emphasized markets include the food processing, transportation, healthcare products, and automotive markets. As of December 31, 1997, ServiceMaster was serving approximately 100 customers and managing approximately 530 business or industrial facilities. Major Customers ServiceMaster has no single customer which accounts for more than 10% of its total revenues. No part of the Company's business is dependent on a single customer or a few customers, the loss of which would have a material adverse effect on the Company as a whole. Revenues from governmental sources are not material. Employees On December 31, 1997, ServiceMaster had a total of approximately 45,825 employees. ServiceMaster provides its employees with annual vacation, medical, hospital and life insurance benefits and the right to participate in additional benefit plans. Year 2000 Computer Program Compliance Certain computer programs use two digits rather than four to define the applicable year and consequently many systems may not function properly beyond the year 1999 unless they are remediated. In addition, certain computer programs are unable to recognize the year 2000 as a leap year. ServiceMaster has conducted a review of its computer systems to identify systems that could be affected by the year 2000 problem and has determined that the Company will need to replace or remediate many of its systems to facilitate their continuing reliable operation. The Company currently believes that expenses directly related to this effort will not have a material impact on the results of its operations. Although the Company believes that critical remediation efforts will be completed prior to the year 2000, the untimely completion of these efforts could, in certain circumstances, have a material adverse effect on the operations of the Company. In addition, the Company is in the process of determining whether the external parties and systems with which the Company interacts and external systems for which the Company has certain maintenance responsibilities are in compliance and whether non-compliance of these systems could have a material adverse impact on the Company. Properties The headquarters facility of ServiceMaster, which also serves as headquarters for ServiceMaster Management Services, is owned by The ServiceMaster Company and is located on a ten-acre tract at One ServiceMaster Way, Downers Grove, Illinois. The initial structure was built in 1963, and two additions were completed in 1968 and 1976. In early 1988, ServiceMaster completed construction of a two-story 15,000 square foot addition for office space, food service demonstrations and dining facilities. The building contains approximately 118,900 square feet of air conditioned office space and 2,100 square feet of laboratory space. In the Spring of 1992, ServiceMaster completed the conversion of approximately 30,000 square feet of space formerly used as a warehouse to offices for Management Services and for The Kenneth and Norma Wessner Training Center. ServiceMaster owns a seven-acre, improved tract at 2500 Warrenville Road, Downers Grove, Illinois, which is adjacent to its headquarters facility. In 1993, ServiceMaster substantially remodeled the building and thereafter leased approximately half the space (50,000 square feet) to a commercial tenant. The balance of the space is utilized by ServiceMaster personnel. 27 ServiceMaster leases a 50,000 square foot facility near Aurora, Illinois which is used by ServiceMaster as a warehouse/distribution center. ServiceMaster believes that the facilities described in the preceding three paragraphs will satisfy the Company's needs for administrative and warehouse space in the Chicago area for the immediate future. ServiceMaster owns four properties in Cairo, Illinois, consisting of a 36,000 square foot, three-story building used for manufacturing and warehousing equipment, supplies and products used in the business; a warehouse and package facility comprising 30,000 square feet; a three-story warehouse and manufacturing building consisting of 43,000 square feet; and a 2,500 square foot building used for a machine shop. Management believes that the foregoing manufacturing and warehouse facilities are adequate to support the current needs of ServiceMaster. The headquarters for ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. are located in leased premises at 860 Ridge Lake Boulevard, Memphis, Tennessee. The 860 Ridge Lake Boulevard facility also serves as the headquarters for TruGreen-ChemLawn, Terminix, Res/Com, Merry Maids, American Home Shield, AmeriSpec and Furniture Medic. The headquarters for Rescue Rooter are located in leased premises at 4850 Pacific Highway, San Diego, California. TruGreen-ChemLawn owns 5 buildings which are used as branch sites for lawn care services. These facilities are located in Texas (2 properties), Colorado (1 property), Ohio (1 property), and Georgia (1 property). Terminix owns 20 buildings which are used as branch sites for termite and pest control services. These properties are all one-story buildings that contain both office and storage space. These properties are located in New Jersey (2 properties), California (2 properties), Florida (10 properties), Georgia (1 property), Illinois (1 property) and Texas (4 properties). American Home Shield has retained some leased space in the building at 90 South E Street, Santa Rosa, California, for administrative and sales operations. Certain of American Home Shield's service and data processing departments are located in premises owned by the company in Carroll, Iowa. This facility consists of a 43,000 square foot building on a seven-acre site. American Home Shield owns approximately 56 acres of land in Santa Rosa, California of which 39 acres are under contracts for sales to occur in mid to late 1998. This land is held for investment purposes and has been and will continue to be offered for sale, with the timing of sales being affected by, among other things, market demand, zoning regulations, and the availability of financing to purchasers. Rescue Rooter owns two buildings which are used for branch operations to provide plumbing and drain cleaning services. These facilities are located, respectively, in Phoenix, Arizona and St. Louis, Missouri. In 1997, Diversified Health Services moved to a new leased headquarters facility at 3839 Forest Hill-Irene Road, Memphis, Tennessee. DHS leases other administrative facilities in St. Augustine, Florida; Atlanta, Georgia; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania; Memphis, Tennessee; and Dallas, Texas. As of December 31, 1997, DHS had an ownership interest in a nursing home facility through a joint venture arrangement in which DHS has a 50% interest. The headquarters for ServiceMaster Employer Services are located at 3839 Forest Hill-Irene Road, Memphis, Tennessee. The company leases other administrative facilities in Little Rock, Arkansas and Memphis, Tennessee. The headquarters for Certified Systems, Inc., the principal subsidiary of ServiceMaster Employer Services, is located in Mesquite, Texas. Legal Proceedings In the ordinary course of conducting its business activities, ServiceMaster becomes involved in judicial and administrative proceedings which involve both private and governmental authorities. As of March 6, 1998, these proceedings included a number of general liability actions and employment-related proceedings. 28 Terminix was one of several defendants named in a suit filed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA") on November 3, 1986 in the United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee, to recover the costs of remediation at two sites in Tennessee which had been designated by the EPA as "Superfund sites" under the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act ("CERCLA"). In January 1992, the EPA issued a Unilateral Administrative Order for Remedial Design and Remedial Action which require Terminix and other initial defendants and third party defendants to clean up one of these sites. Terminix agreed, on an interim basis, to a 10% allocation of the cost of the remediation work. The parties to the interim allocation agreement remained in disagreement with the EPA over the most appropriate remediation procedures to be followed at the site and they were in disagreement among themselves regarding the final allocations of responsibility. With respect to the second site, the companies cited by the EPA all disclaimed responsibility. Two of the defendant parties settled their disagreement with the EPA but, until March 20, 1997, Terminix had not resolved its disagreement with the other two defendant parties as to Terminix's proper participation. However, on March 20, 1997, Terminix settled this matter with the other two parties as to all past costs and agreed to arbitrate any disagreement over the allocation of future costs. On October 22, 1997, the time expired in which a demand for arbitration could be filed. Accordingly, Terminix's share of future remediation costs was established at 10%. The aggregate financial commitment of Terminix is well within the parameters set forth in the discussions of this matter in previous periodic reports and is not material to Terminix's business, financial condition or results of operations. 29 MANAGEMENT Directors of ServiceMaster The Board of Directors of the Company consists of 17 persons. Pursuant to the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and the Company's Bylaws, the Board is divided into 3 classes with staggered terms of 3 years each so that the term of office of one class expires at each Annual Meeting of the Stockholders. Each class is identified by the year in which its terms of office expires. The classes of directors as of the date of this Prospectus are: the Class of 1999, consisting of 6 persons; the Class of 2000, consisting of 6 persons and the Class of 2001, consisting of 5 persons. Information regarding each of the directors is set forth below. The descriptions of the business experience of these persons include the principal positions held by them from July 1993 to the date of this Prospectus. The period of service as a director includes service as a director with the Company's predecessor. Class of 1999 Paul W. Berezny. President. Berezny Investments, Inc., a real estate and development company. He is a member of the Audit Committee. Age 64. Director since 1995. Henry O. Boswell. Retired President of Amoco Production Company and Chairman of the Board of Amoco Canada. Mr. Boswell is a director of Rowan Companies, Inc., Houston, Texas, an offshore oil drilling company; and Cabot Oil & Gas Corporation, Houston, Texas, an oil and gas production company. He is a member of the Executive Committee, the Compensation Committee (of which he is the chairman), the Nominating Committee, the Employee Benefit Plan Oversight Committee, and the Finance Committee. Age 69. Director since 1985. Carlos H. Cantu. President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since January 1, 1994. From May 1991 to December 31, 1993, Mr. Cantu was President and Chief Executive Officer of ServiceMaster Consumer Services L.P. Mr. Cantu is a director of First Tennessee National Corporation, Memphis, Tennessee, a financial institution. He is a member of the Executive Committee, the Nominating Committee, the Finance Committee, and the Employee Benefit Plan Oversight Committee. Age 64. Director since 1988. Vincent C. Nelson. Business investor. Mr. Nelson is a member of the Executive Committee, the Nominating Committee (of which he is the chairman), and the Audit Committee. Age 56. Director since 1978. Steven S Reinemund. President and Chief Executive Officer of the Frito-Lay Company, the packaged foods division of PepsiCo, Inc. From 1992 to March 1996, he served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the North American division of Frito-Lay. Mr. Reinemund is a director of PepsiCo, Inc., Purchase, New York, a food and beverage conglomerate, and a director of Provident Companies, Inc., Chattanooga, Tennessee, an insurance company. Age 50. Director since January 1, 1998. Charles W. Stair. Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors. He was President and Chief Executive Officer of ServiceMaster Management Services L.P. from May 1991 to December 31, 1994. He is a member of the Nominating Committee. Age 57. Director since 1986. Class of 2000 Herbert P. Hess. Managing Director of Berents & Hess Capital Management, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, an investment management firm. He is a member of the Executive Committee, the Finance Committee (of which he is the chairman), the Employee Benefit Plan Oversight Committee, and the Compensation Committee. Age 61. Director since 1981. Michele M. Hunt. Private business consultant. From 1980 to July 1993, she was employed by Herman Miller, Inc., an office furniture manufacturer, and during the period from July 1990 to July 1993 she served as the company's Corporate Vice President for People and Quality. Ms. Hunt is a member of the Nominating Committee. Age 48. Director since 1995. 30 Dallen W. Peterson. Chairman, Merry Maids Limited Partnership. He is a member of the Finance Committee and the Employee Benefit Plan Oversight Committee. Age 61. Director since 1995. Phillip B. Rooney. Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors. From May 1996 to February 17, 1997, he was President and Chief Executive Officer of Waste Management, Inc., Oak Brook, Illinois ("WMI") and from November 1984 to May 1996, he was President and Chief Operating Officer of WMI. Mr. Rooney is a director of Van Kampen American Capital, Oak Brook, Illinois an investment management company; Stone Container Corporation, Chicago, Illinois, a paper manufacturing company; Illinois Tool Works, Inc., Glenview, Illinois, a diversified manufacturing company; and Urban Shopping Centers, Inc., Chicago, Illinois, a retail real estate management company. Age 53. Director since 1994. Burton E. Sorensen. Investor. From December 1984 to December 1995 he served as Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Lord Securities Corporation. Mr. Sorensen is a director of Provident Companies, Inc., Chattanooga, Tennessee, an insurance company. He is a member of the Executive Committee, the Finance Committee, the Employee Benefit Plan Oversight Committee, and the Compensation Committee. Age 68. Director since 1984. David K. Wessner. Executive Vice President, HealthSystem Minnesota. From November 1992 to December 1993, he was Executive Vice President, Program and Process Improvement, Geisinger Health System. He is a member of the Executive Committee, the Nominating Committee, and the Compensation Committee. Age 46. Director since 1987. Class of 2001 Lord Brian Griffiths of Fforestfach. International adviser to Goldman, Sachs & Co. concerned with strategic issues related to their United Kingdom and European operations and business development activities worldwide. He was made a life peer at the conclusion of his service to the British Prime Minister during the period 1985 to 1990. Lord Griffiths is a director of English, Welsh and Scottish Railways Ltd., London, England, a railroad company; Herman Miller, Inc., Zeeland, Michigan, an office furniture manufacturer; and Telewest Communications plc, London, England, a television company. He is a member of the Executive Committee and the Nominating Committee. Age 56. Director since 1992. Sidney E. Harris. Dean, College of Business Administration, Georgia State University. From July 1987 to July 1997, Dr. Harris was Professor of Management at the Peter F. Drucker Graduate Management Center at the Claremont Graduate School, Claremont, California. He was Dean of the Graduate Management Center from September 1991 to July 1996. He is a co-founder of the Institute for the Study of U.S./Japan Relations in the World Economy. Dr. Harris is a director of Transamerica Investors, Inc., Los Angeles, California, a mutual funds investment company; and Amresco, Inc., Dallas, Texas, a financial services company. He is a member of the Executive Committee. Age 48. Director since 1994. Gunther H. Knoedler. Retired Executive Vice President and Director Emeritus of Bell Federal Savings and Loan Association, Chicago, Illinois. He is a member of the Executive Committee and the Audit Committee (of which he is the chairman). Age 68. Director since 1979. James D. McLennan. President of McLennan Company, a full-service real estate company. Mr. McLennan is a director of The Loewen Group, Inc., Burnaby, B.C., Canada, a provider of funeral services; and Advocate Health Systems, Oak Brook, Illinois, a health care provider. He is a member of the Audit Committee, the Employee Benefit Plan Oversight Committee and the Compensation Committee. Age 61. Director since 1986. C. William Pollard. Chairman of the Board of Directors. He served as Chief Executive Officer of the Company from May 1983 to December 31, 1993. Mr. Pollard is a director of Herman Miller, Inc., Zeeland, Michigan, an office furniture manufacturer; and Provident Companies, Inc., Chattanooga, Tennessee, an insurance company. He is a member 31 of the Executive Committee (of which he is the chairman), the Finance Committee, the Employee Benefit Plan Oversight Committee, and the Nominating Committee. Age 60. Director since 1977. Compensation of Directors During the year 1997, directors of ServiceMaster Management Corporation who were not employees and who satisfied the other independence standards of the Bylaws ("independent directors") received $3,000 for each meeting of the Board of Directors and each meeting of a committee which they attended. In addition, each independent director received an annual stipend of $12,000. The Chairman of the Audit Committee received an additional annual stipend of $2,000. In 1998, the annual stipend for independent directors of the Company is $15,000 and the fee for actual attendance at meetings of the Board or committees of the Board is $3,000. Directors who are employees of the Company or any subsidiary do not receive either a retainer or meeting fee. The Chairman of the Audit Committee and the Chairman of the Compensation Committee are paid an additional stipend of $2,000. Each independent director of the Company may enter into a deferred fee agreement whereby part or all of the fees payable to him or her as a director are deferred and will either earn interest based on the five-year borrowing rate for ServiceMaster or be used to purchase shares of the Company in a number determined by the fair market value of such shares on the date of purchase. Upon termination of a director's services as an independent director or attainment of age 70, whichever occurs first, the director will receive the amount for his or her deferred fee account in a lump sum or in installments or in shares of the Company, depending on which deferral plan the director has elected. The ServiceMaster 1994 Non-Employee Directors Option Plan (the "Directors 1994 Option Plan") provides that options to purchase shares of the Company may be granted from time to time by the Board of Directors to those members of the Board who are not employees of any ServiceMaster entity. The exercise price of options granted under the Directors 1994 Option Plan is the fair market value of the shares at the time of the grant. In 1997, options were granted to each of 14 independent directors in the total amount of 115,500 shares. This plan was discontinued at the end of 1997 and has been replaced by the ServiceMaster 1998 Non-Employee Directors Discounted Stock Option Plan. Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation The persons who served as members of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of ServiceMaster Management Corporation during 1997 were Henry O. Boswell (Chairman), Herbert P. Hess, Phillip B. Rooney (until May 1, 1997), James D. McLennan (appointed in October 1997), Burton D. Sorensen (appointed in October 1997) and David K. Wessner (appointed in October 1997). These same persons other than Mr. Rooney are now serving as the members of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company. The Compensation Committee consists solely of independent members of the board of directors. There are no interlocking arrangements involving service by any executive officer of the Company on the Compensation Committee of another entity and an executive officer of such other entity serving on the ServiceMaster Compensation Committee. Executive Officers of ServiceMaster The following table shows: (i) the names and ages as of July 1, 1998 of the present executive officers of the Company; (ii) all positions presently held by each officer; and (iii) the year each person became an officer. Each person named has served as an officer of the Company and its predecessor company continuously since the year shown. There are no arrangements or understandings between any executive officer and any other person pursuant to which the officer was or is to be selected as an officer. First Became Name Age Present Position An Officer - ---------------------------- -------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------ C. William Pollard 60 Chairman and Director 1977 32 Carlos H. Cantu 64 President and Chief Executive Officer and Director 1986 Charles W. Stair 57 Vice Chairman and Director 1973 Phillip B. Rooney 53 Vice Chairman and Director 1997 Ernest J. Mrozek 44 President and Chief Operating Officer, Consumer Services, and a Senior Management Adviser 1987 Robert F. Keith 41 President and Chief Operating Officer, Management 1986 Services, and 1986 a Senior Management Adviser Robert D. Erickson 54 Executive Vice President and a Senior Management 1976 Adviser Brian D. Oxley 47 Executive Vice President 1983 Vernon T. Squires 63 Senior Vice President and General Counsel 1987 Stephen E. Reiter 46 Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer 1998 Steven C. Preston 37 Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer 1997 Eric R. Zarnikow 39 Vice President and Treasurer 1994 Deborah A. O'Connor 35 Vice President and Controller 1993 Messrs. Pollard, Cantu, Stair and Rooney are also Directors of the Company. See "Directors of ServiceMaster" above for biographical information with respect to such persons. Robert D. Erickson. Executive Vice President. Mr. Erickson was a director of ServiceMaster from May 1987 to May 1993. He previously served as a director of ServiceMaster from May 1981 to June 1984. He served as the President and Chief Operating Officer of ServiceMaster's international business unit from October 1993 to December 1997, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of the international division of ServiceMaster from November 1992 to October 1993 and as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, People Services, from January 1990 to October 1992. Robert F. Keith. President and Chief Operating Officer, ServiceMaster Management Services. He served as President and Chief Operating Officer, ServiceMaster Consumer Services from July 1994 to December 31, 1996 and as Group President, ServiceMaster Consumer Services, from November 1992 to July 1994. He was Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer of The ServiceMaster Company L. P. from November 1989 to October 1992. Ernest J. Mrozek. President and Chief Operating Officer, ServiceMaster Consumer Services. He served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 1996. He served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Registrant from May 1994 to December 1994, as Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer from November 1, 1992 to April 30, 1994, and as Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer, from January 1, 1990 to October 31, 1992. Deborah A. O'Connor. Vice President and Controller since January 1, 1993. From July 1991 to December 1992, she was Manager of Financial Projects. She previously had practiced public accounting with Arthur Andersen LLP since 1984. Brian D. Oxley. Executive Vice President, New Business Initiatives. He served as President and Chief Operating Officer of ServiceMaster Management Services and ServiceMaster Healthcare Services from January 1994 to December 31, 1996. From November 1992 to December 31, 1993, he served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of the International and New Business Development Group. He served as Executive Vice President, New 33 Business Development from January 1991 to November 11, 1992 and as President of International Services from January 1, 1988 to November 11, 1992. Steven C. Preston. Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since July 1, 1998. He served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from April 1, 1997 to June 30, 1998. From August 1993 to March 1997, he was Senior Vice President and Corporate Treasurer for First Data Corporation, Atlanta, Georgia. From October 1985 to August 1993, he served as an investment banker at Lehman Brothers, New York, New York. Stephen E. Reiter. Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer since July 1, 1998. From May 8, 1996 to May 31, 1998, he was Vice President and Partner for Computer Science Corporation, an outsourcing firm providing ITO outsourcing and purchasing and materials management support to the chemical, oil, gas and utilities industries. From June 1, 1994 to May 31, 1996 he was a Principal/Practice Leader with A.T. Kearney, a management consulting firm operating as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Electronic Data Systems (EDS). For the preceding three-year period, he was a Vice President and Chief Information Officer with Tenneco, Inc., a global industrial manufacturer in auto parts and packaging. Vernon T. Squires. Senior Vice President and General Counsel since January 1, 1988. He served as Vice President and General Counsel from April 1, 1987 until December 31, 1987. He was an associate and partner with the law firm of Wilson & McIlvaine in Chicago, specializing in corporate and tax law, from 1960 to April 1, 1987. He is presently of counsel to that firm. Eric R. Zarnikow. Vice President and Treasurer since May 1, 1994. From August 1991 to April 1994, he served as Vice President and Treasurer of Gaylord Container Corporation. 34 Executive Officer Compensation; Summary Compensation Table The following table sets forth all compensation awarded to, earned by, or paid to the Chief Executive Officer of ServiceMaster and ServiceMaster's next four most highly compensated executive officers during or in respect of the year 1997. Each of the listed persons was holding the office indicated in the table on the last day of December 1997. SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE Long-Term Compensation --------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) Other Securities Annual Restricted Underlying Compen- Stock Options/ LTIP All Salary Bonus sation Awards SARs Payouts Other Compensation Name and Principal Position Year ($) ($)(B) ($) ($) (#)(C) ($) ($) - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Carlos H. Cantu..................... 1997 $450,000 $900,021 - - 150,000 - - President and Chief Executive Officer1996 $388,000 $679,000 - - 112,500 - - 1995 $380,000 $665,000 - - 168,750 - - C. William Pollard.................. 1997 $375,000 $557,934 - - 112,500 - - Chairman 1996 $300,000 $300,000 - - 112,500 - - 1995 $300,000 0 - - 225,000 - - Ernest J. Mrozek.................... 1997 $275,000 $382,618 - - 202,500 - - President, Consumer Services 1996 $220,000 $264,000 - - 56,250 - - 1995 $208,000 $299,600 - - 33,750 - - Robert F. Keith..................... 1997 $285,000 $337,619 - - 202,500 - - President, Management Services 1996 $255,000 $281,000 - - 78,750 - - 1995 $240,000 $276,000 - - 112,500 - - Vernon T. Squires................... 1997 $230,000 $302,983 - - 45,000 - - Sr. V. President and Gen. Counsel 1996 $220,000 $264,000 - - 45,000 - - 1995 $208,000 $249,600 - - 33,750 - - - --------------------------- (A) The Summary Compensation Table does not include the cash distributions made in respect of the year 1997 by ServiceMaster Management Corporation (the managing general partner of ServiceMaster Limited Partnership and The ServiceMaster Company Limited Partnership) to the persons listed in the table in their capacity as stockholders of ServiceMaster Management Corporation. Such distributions were dividends and represented a return on the investment made by such persons in the corporation. The source of these dividends was the cash distributions made to ServiceMaster Management Corporation by ServiceMaster Limited Partnership and The ServiceMaster Company Limited Partnership on the 1% carried interests held by ServiceMaster Management Corporation in each of these two partnerships throughout the year 1997. As part of the Reincorporating Merger which was completed at the end of 1997 (described on page 1), the two partnerships were terminated, ServiceMaster Management Corporation was dissolved, and the requirement for direct investments by senior management in a managing general partner of the parent entity and the principal subsidiary was eliminated. Accordingly, the foregoing dividend payments will not occur in 1998 or thereafter. Effective January 1, 1998, the Company has instituted a long-term performance based award program. The following table has been prepared as an extension of the Summary Compensation Table in order to show both the 1997 payments reflected in the Summary Compensation Table and the ServiceMaster Management Corporation dividends paid to the persons listed in the Summary Compensation Table for the year 1997. 35 1997 Summary Compensation and ServiceMaster Management Corporation Dividend Table (Supplement to the Summary Compensation Table) (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Total Annual Long-Term Compensation ServiceMaster Compensation for 1997 (from Management Total of (from Compensation Corporation Columns Compensation Name and Principal Position Table) Dividends (b) & (c) Table)* - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Carlos H. Cantu............................... $ 1,350,021 $ 727,742 $ 2,077,763 $ 150,000 President and Chief Executive Officer C. William Pollard............................ $ 932,934 $ 698,118 $ 1,631,052 $ 112,500 Chairman Ernest J. Mrozek.............................. $ 657,618 $ 340,283 $ 997,901 $ 202,500 President, Consumer Services Robert F. Keith............................... $ 622,619 $ 340,283 $ 962,902 $ 202,500 President, Management Services Vernon T. Squires............................. $ 532,983 $ 174,505 $ 707,488 $ 45,000 Sr. Vice President and General Counsel ------------------------------------ *Securities underlying options awarded in 1997. (B) The amounts shown in column (d) of the Summary Compensation Table include payments made under the ServiceMaster Incentive Compensation Plan plus payments made in connection with a gain arising from the Reincorporation. (C) The numbers of shares listed in column (g) of the Summary Compensation Table have been adjusted, where appropriate, for 3-for-2 share splits occurring in June 1996 and June 1997. The following table summarizes the number and terms of the stock options granted during the year 1997 to the named executive officers. OPTION/SAR GRANTS IN LAST FISCAL YEAR (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) ---Number-of-------%-of-Total------Exercise-or------Expiration------Grant Date Securities Options/SARs Base Price Date Value (B) Underlying Granted to ($/sh)(A) Options/SARs Employees Granted (#) 1997 Name and Principal Position (A) - ----------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Carlos H. Cantu......................... 150,000 4.3% $ 16.83 02-12-2007 $ 621,000 President and Chief Executive Officer C. William Pollard...................... 112,500 3.2% $ 16.83 02-12-2007 465,750 Chairman Ernest J. Mrozek........................ 202,500 5.7% $ 16.83 02-12-2007 838,350 President, Consumer Services Robert F. Keith......................... 202,500 5.7% $ 16.83 02-12-2007 838,350 President, Management Services Vernon T. Squires....................... 45,000 1.3% $ 16.83 02-12-2007 186,300 Sr. Vice President and General Counsel - ----------------------- (A) The options listed in column (b) were granted in February 1997. The number of shares shown in column (b) and the exercise price shown in column (d) have been adjusted to reflect the 3-for-2 split in the Company's shares effected in June 1997. Each of the options listed in column (b) is subject to a vesting schedule under which the option becomes exercisable in 20% increments on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th anniversaries of grant date. (B) In accordance with Item 402(c)(2)(vi)(B) of Regulation S-K of the Commission, the grant date value of each of these options has been estimated based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model by an independent consulting firm using the following assumptions: a risk-free rate of interest of 6.07%, a volatility rate of 21.17%, a 3.31% distribution yield, and an expected life 36 of seven years. The values of the options which are shown in the table are theoretical and do not necessarily reflect the actual values which the option holders may eventually realize. Such actual values will depend on the extent to which the market value of the Company's shares at a future date exceeds the exercise price of the options. The following table summarizes the exercises of stock options during the year 1997 by the named executive officers and the number of, and the spread on, unexercised options held by such officers at December 31, 1997. AGGREGATED OPTION/SAR EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR AND FY-END OPTION/SAR VALUES (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Number-of-Securities Underlying Unexercised Value of Unexercised In- Options/SARs at FY- the-Money Options/SARs Shares-Acquired-on End(#) at FY-End(4) Exercise (#) Value ------------------------- ------------------------- Exercisable/ Realized Exercisable/Unexercisable Exercisable/Unexercisable - -------------------------------- -------------------- ------------- ------------------------- ------------------------- Carlos H. Cantu, .............. 0 $0 22,500/240,000 $283,124/$2,995,497 Chief Executive Officer C. William Pollard............. 0 $0 22,500/202,500 $283,124/$2,529,747 Ernest J. Mrozek............... 0 $0 21,455/247,500 $354,563/$3,206,300 Robert F. Keith................ 0 $0 77,381/265,500 $1,448,672/$3,482,799 Vernon T. Squires.............. 0 $0 9,000/81,000 $138,250/$1,111,900 A table for long-term incentive plan awards is omitted because no long-term incentive plan awards were granted to any of the named officers during the year 1997. Employment and Severance Arrangements The Company has an employment agreement in effect with each of the executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table. Each of such agreements establish a 1998 base salary, provide that certain information proprietary to the Company be kept confidential, provide for certain restrictions on employment with a competitor or a customer following termination of employment with the Company and is terminable by the Company without prior notice in the case of misconduct, nonperformance or incompetent performance and upon two weeks' notice in all other cases subject to certain exceptions and limitations. The Company does not presently have employment agreements with any members of the Company's senior management under which termination benefits are provided if a change in control of the Company occurs. The Board of Directors is considering the desirability of such arrangements, as well as the desirability of a more broadly based plan to cover employees who are not members of senior management and who meet certain employment longevity standards. The ServiceMaster 1998 Equity Incentive Plan provides that all stock options granted prior to the occurrence of a change in control shall become immediately exercisable upon the occurrence of a change in control and shall remain exercisable thereafter throughout the entire terms of the options. 37 Indebtedness of Management One executive officer, Robert F. Keith, was indebted to the Company in excess of $60,000 at some point during the year 1997. The indebtedness was incurred by reason of tax loans made in connection with one or more share grants ("Share Grants") made before 1997 under the ServiceMaster Share Grant Award Plan and a bridge loan arising from a relocation. $223,924 is the largest amount of such indebtedness outstanding during the year 1997 and $30,766 is the amount of such indebtedness outstanding on June 30, 1998. Interest on the tax loans made in respect of the Share Grants was charged to the borrower at a rate between 8% and 9% per annum. No interest was charged on the relocation loan. The relocation loan has been paid in full. 38 OWNERSHIP OF COMMON STOCK As of July 1, 1998, no one is the beneficial owner of more than five percent of the Common Stock. The following table sets forth as of July 1, 1998 the beneficial ownership of the Common Stock with respect to ServiceMaster's directors, senior management advisers and those executive officers named in the Summary Compensation Table and the Company's directors and officers as a group: Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership (1) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) Sole Voting Total Percent and Ownership Ownership Investment Other - --------------------------------------------------------- --------------- --------------- -------------- ------------- Paul W. Berezny (3)(4)(6)(8)............................. 85,127 799,371 884,498 0.444% Henry O. Boswell (2)(4).................................. 46,582 64,327 110,909 0.056% Carlos H. Cantu (4)(5)(12)............................... 391,550 1,637,553 2,029,103 1.020% Robert D. Erickson (4)(5)(6)(7).......................... 671,487 82,261 753,748 0.379% Brian Griffiths (4)...................................... 10,320 0 10,320 0.005% Sidney E. Harris (4)..................................... 6,720 1,125 7,845 0.004% Herbert P. Hess (4)(8)................................... 158,595 20,250 178,845 0.090% Michele M. Hunt (4)...................................... 6,720 0 6,720 0.003% Donald K. Karnes (4)..................................... 1,283,923 0 1,283,923 0.645% Robert F. Keith (4)(5)................................... 206,806 104,560 311,366 0.156% Gunther H. Knoedler (4).................................. 47,015 0 47,015 0.024% James D. McLennan (4).................................... 34,983 0 34,983 0.018% Ernest J. Mrozek (4)(5).................................. 287,482 40,793 328,275 0.165% Vincent C. Nelson (4)(8)(9)(10).......................... 109,400 611,241 720,641 0.362% Dallen W. Peterson (4)................................... 1,649,168 0 1,649,168 0.829% C. William Pollard (4)(5)(11)............................ 788,070 142,593 930,663 0.468% Steven C. Preston (4).................................... 46,347 0 46,347 0.023% Steven S Reinemund (4)................................... 2,520 10,000 12,520 0.006% Phillip B. Rooney (3)(4)................................. 259,559 9,000 268,559 0.135% David M. Slott (4)....................................... 401,830 291,264 693,094 0.348% Burton E. Sorensen (4)................................... 19,703 0 19,703 0.010% Vernon T. Squires (4)(5)................................. 252,863 40,793 293,656 0.148% Charles W. Stair (5)(6)(13).............................. 608,633 107,978 716,611 0.360% David K. Wessner (3)(4)(8)(14)(15)....................... 116,984 743,505 860,489 0.432% All directors and officers as a group (135 persons) (16). 13,503,536 6,442,181 19,945,717 10.024% - --------------------------- (1) The shares owned by each person and by all directors and officers as a group, and the shares included in the total number of shares, have been adjusted, and the percentage ownership figures have been computed, in accordance with Rule 13d- 3(d)(1)(i). (2) Shares in column (3) include 41,772 shares owned by spouse as to which beneficial ownership is disclaimed. (3) Shares in column (3) include shares held by spouse and/or other family members. (4) Shares in column (2) include shares which may be acquired within sixty days under options granted under the ServiceMaster Share Option Plan, the ServiceMaster 10-Plus Option Plan, the ServiceMaster 1998 Equity Incentive Plan, the ServiceMaster Non-Employee Directors Option Plan and/or the ServiceMaster 1998 Non-Employee Directors Discounted Stock Option Plan. (5) Shares in column (3) include shares held in one or more investment partnerships in which the listed person is a partner with shared voting power and investment power. (6) Shares in column (2) include shares held in trust for the benefit of family members as to which beneficial ownership is disclaimed. (7) Shares in column (3) include 64,779 shares owned by spouse or held in trust for the benefit of family members as to which beneficial ownership is disclaimed. (8) Shares in column (3) include shares held in trust for benefit of self and/or family members. (9) Shares in column (2) include 30,862 shares in trust for the benefit of family members as to which beneficial ownership is disclaimed. Shares in column (3) include 10,657 shares held in trust for the benefit of family members as to which beneficial ownership is disclaimed. 39 (10) Shares in column (3) include 387,674 shares owned by a charitable trust of which Vincent C. Nelson is a trustee. Mr. Nelson disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. (11) Shares in column (3) include 34,830 shares owned by a charitable foundation of which C. William Pollard is a director. Mr. Pollard disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. Shares in column (3) also include 22,951 shares in trust for the benefit of family members. (12) Shares in column (3) include 22,875 shares owned by a charitable foundation of which Carlos H. Cantu is an officer. Mr. Cantu disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. (13) Shares in column (3) include 39,600 shares owned by a charitable foundation of which Charles W. Stair is a director. Mr. Stair disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. (14) Shares in column (3) include 612,500 shares owned by a charitable foundation of which David K. Wessner is a director. Mr. Wessner disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. (15) Shares in column (3) include 363,747 shares held by an investment company of which David K. Wessner is a shareholder and one of four directors. (16) Includes 3,160,427 shares which certain officers of ServiceMaster, through the exercise of their respective rights, may acquire within 60 days under share purchase agreements, options granted under the ServiceMaster Share Option Plan and options granted under the ServiceMaster 10-Plus Option Plan. No options granted under the ServiceMaster 1998 Equity Incentive Plan were exercisable on July 1, 1998. Shares purchasable by the persons identified in the Summary Compensation Table under one or more of the foregoing plans are as follows: Mr. Cantu--52,500 shares; Mr. Pollard--45,000 shares; Mr. Mrozek--73,205 shares; Mr. Keith--133,631 shares; Mr. Squires--27,000 shares and all executive officers as a group--618,361 shares. 40 DESCRIPTION OF COMMON STOCK Under the Company's Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the "Restated Certificate"), the Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, and 11,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share (the "Preferred Stock"). As of July 1, 1998, 196,165,572 shares of Common Stock (excluding treasury shares) were issued and outstanding and no shares of Preferred Stock were issued and outstanding. In addition, as of July 1, 1998, the Board of Directors had approved the issuance of 7,500,000 shares of Common Stock under the Company's equity incentive plans, and of that number approximately 2,160,000 were subject to issuance under outstanding stock options. The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock includes 1,000,000 authorized shares of Junior Participating Preferred Stock, Series A (the "Series A Preferred Stock") issuable pursuant to the rights agreement dated as of December 15, 1997 between the Company and Harris Trust and Savings Bank (the "Rights Plan"), none of which were outstanding as of December 31, 1997. See "--Stock Purchase Rights." Common Stock Subject to the rights of the holders of any Preferred Stock, each holder of Common Stock on the applicable record date is entitled to receive such dividends as may be declared by the Board of Directors out of funds legally available therefor, and, in the event of liquidation, to share pro rata in any distribution of the Company's assets after payment of liabilities. Each holder of Common Stock is entitled to one vote for each share held of record on the applicable record date on all matters presented to a vote of stockholders. The outstanding Common Stock is, and the shares of Common Stock offered hereby by the Company will be, fully paid and non-assessable. Harris Trust and Savings Bank of Chicago, Illinois is the registrar and transfer agent for the Common Stock. Stock Purchase Rights Each outstanding share of Common Stock includes, and each share of Common Stock offered hereby will include, one preferred stock purchase right (individually a "Right" and collectively the "Rights") provided under the Rights Plan. Each Right entitles the holder, until the earlier of December 11, 2007 or the redemption of the Rights, to buy one one-thousandth of a share of Series A Preferred Stock at a price of $130 per one one-thousandth of a share (as may be adjusted to reflect stock splits since the issuance of the Rights). The Series A Preferred Stock is nonredeemable and will have 1,000 votes per share (subject to adjustment). The Company has reserved 1,000,000 shares of Series A Preferred Stock for issuance upon exercise of such Rights. In the event that any person becomes the beneficial owner of 15% or more of the Company's Common Stock, the Rights (other than Rights held by the acquiring stockholder) would become exercisable for that number of shares of the Common Stock having a market value of two times the exercise price of the Right. Furthermore, if after any person becomes the beneficial owner of 15% or more of the Company's Common Stock the Company is acquired in a merger or other business combination or 50% or more of its assets or earnings power were sold, each Right (other than Rights held by the acquiring person) would become exercisable for that number of shares of Common Stock (or securities of the surviving company in a business combination) having a market value of two times the exercise price of the Right. The Company may redeem the Rights at one cent per Right prior to the occurrence of an event that causes the Rights to become exercisable for Common Stock. One Right will be issued in respect of each share of Common Stock issued before the earlier of December 11, 2007 or the redemption of the Rights. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Rights are not exercisable, certificates representing the Rights have not been issued and the Rights automatically trade with the shares of Common Stock. The Rights will expire on December 11, 2007, unless earlier redeemed. 41 Preferred Stock Shares of Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series. The Board is authorized to determine and alter all rights, preferences and privileges and qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof (including, without limitation, voting rights and the limitation and exclusion thereof) granted to or imposed upon any wholly unissued series of Preferred Stock and the number of shares constituting any such series and the designation thereof, to determine whether fractional shares can be issued in any particular series and, if so, the nature of the fractional interests which can be issued in that series, and to increase or decrease (but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding) the number of shares of any series subsequent to the issue of shares of that series then outstanding. In case the number of shares of any series is so decreased, the shares constituting such reduction shall resume the status which such shares had prior to the adoption of the resolution originally fixing the number of shares of such series. Certain Provisions of the Restated Certificate and By-Laws The following summary of certain provisions of the Restated Certificate and By-Laws of the Company (the "ByLaws") does not purport to be complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Restated Certificate and the By-Laws, which are incorporated by reference as exhibits to the Registration Statement of which this Prospectus is a part. Classification of Directors. The Company's Restated Certificate and By-Laws provide that its Board of Directors shall be divided into three classes, each class being as nearly equal in number as reasonably practicable, and that at each annual meeting of the Company's stockholders, the successors to the Directors whose terms expire that year shall be elected for a term of three years. The number of Directors is fixed by the affirmative vote of the majority of the Directors then in office, but may not be less than three. Newly created Directorships and any vacancies on the Board of Directors are filled by a majority vote of the remaining Directors then in office, even if less than a quorum. Except in certain limited circumstances, no Director may be removed from the Board prior to the time such person's term would expire unless (i) such removal is for cause and (ii) such removal has been approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of 67% of the outstanding voting shares of the Company. The Restated Certificate requires that a majority of the members of the Board be "independent directors," which is defined to generally include any person (i) who is not and has not been employed by any ServiceMaster unit within one year; (ii) is not a "Related Person" (as hereinafter defined) and has not been employed by a Related Person within one year; (iii) is not a party to any agreement, requirement or arrangement under which such person may be obligated to act in his or her capacity as a Director in accordance with instructions provided by any person who is not independent (including, but not limited to, a Related Person); and (iv) is not subject to any relationship, arrangement or circumstance (including any relationship with a Related Person) which, in the judgment of a majority of the independent Directors (the "Independent Board Majority") is reasonably possible will interfere with such person's exercise of independent judgment as a Director. Special Meetings. The By-Laws provide that stockholder action can be taken only at an annual or special meeting of stockholders and cannot be taken by written consent in lieu of a meeting. The By-Laws provide that, except as otherwise required by law, special meetings of the stockholders can only be called pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Board of Directors. Stockholders are not permitted to call a special meeting or to require the Board to call a special meeting. Approval of Certain Business Combinations. The Restated Certificate provides that the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than 80% of the outstanding shares of the Common Stock held by stockholders other than a "Related Person" (any person or entity which, together with its affiliates and associates, beneficially owns in the aggregate 15% or more of the outstanding Common Stock and any affiliate or associate of such person or entity) is required for the approval or authorization of any "Business Combination" (as hereinafter defined) of the Company with any Related Person; provided, that the foregoing 80% voting requirement is not applicable if an "Independent Board Majority" (a majority of the group comprised of all individuals who are independent sitting directors) either (a) has expressly approved in advance the acquisition of the outstanding shares of Common Stock that caused such Related Person to become a Related Person or (b) has expressly approved such Business Combination either in advance of or subsequent to such Related Person's having become a Related Person. The term "Business Combination" is defined under the Restated Certificate to mean (a) any merger or consolidation of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company with or 42 into a Related Person; (b) any sale, lease, exchange, transfer or other disposition of all or any substantial part (as defined in the Restated Certificate) of the assets either of the Company (including without limitation any voting securities of a subsidiary) or of a subsidiary of the Company to a Related Person; (c) any merger or consolidation of a Related Person with or into the Company or a subsidiary of the Company; (d) any sale, lease, exchange, transfer or other disposition of all or any substantial part of the assets of a Related Person to the Company or a subsidiary of the Company; (e) the issuance of any securities of the Company or a subsidiary of the Company to a Related Person; (f) any recapitalization that would have the effect of increasing the voting power of a Related Person; and (g) any agreement, contract or other arrangement providing for any of the transactions described in this definition of a Business Combination. Action by Written Consent. The By-Laws provide that a holder of Common Stock or any other class of stock at any time issued by the Company shall not have the right to take action by written consent. Rather, stockholders shall only have the right to act with respect to any particular issue at a meeting of stockholders at which that issue is properly up for a vote by stockholders. Stockholder Proposals. Stockholders are only entitled to make proposals to be voted upon by stockholders at an annual meeting if they comply with certain procedures set forth in the By-Laws, which require, among other things, that the proposing stockholder must deliver a written notice identifying such proposal to the office of the Company's General Counsel at the Company's headquarters no later than the close of business on the 60th day nor earlier than the close of business on the 90th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year's annual meeting; provided, however, that if the date of the annual meeting is more than 30 days before or more than 60 days after such anniversary date, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the 90th day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the 60th day prior to such annual meeting or the 10th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the Company. At a special stockholders meeting, a stockholder's proposal will be timely for that meeting if it is actually delivered to the General Counsel's office at the Company's headquarters no later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on which the Company first publicly announced the date of the special meeting and that a vote by stockholders will be taken at that meeting. Such stockholder's proposal notice must: (i) contain a description of the proposal, the reasons for the proposal and any material interest in such proposal by the proposing stockholder or the beneficial owner of the stockholder's record shares; (ii) contain an affirmation by the proposing stockholder that the stockholder satisfies the requirements specified in the By-Laws for presentation of such proposal; and (iii) as to the stockholder making the proposal and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made (x) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Company's books, and of such beneficial owner and the telephone number at which each may be reached during normal business hours through the time for which the meeting is scheduled and (y) the class and number of shares of the Company which are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner. Amendments to the Restated Certificate and Bylaws. The Restated Certificate provides that no change in the Restated Certificate shall be effective unless it shall have been approved by at least 80% of the Company's sitting directors and shall have received such other approvals as may have been required by the Company's By-Laws or by applicable law. Amendment of the Bylaws requires either the approval of 80% of the sitting directors in office at the time such amendment is approved or the approval of the holders of 80% of the outstanding Common Stock. Certain Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law The Company is a Delaware corporation and is subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. In general, Section 203 prevents an "interested stockholder" (defined generally as a person owning 15% or more of the Company's outstanding voting stock) from engaging in a "business combination" (as defined in Section 203) with the Company (or its majority- owned subsidiaries) for three years following the time such person became an interested stockholder unless: (i) before such person became an interested stockholder, the Company's Board of Directors approved the transaction in which the interested stockholder became an interested stockholder or approved the business combination; (ii) upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the interested stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owns at least 85% of the Company's voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction commenced (excluding stock held by directors who are also officers of the Company and by employee stock plans that do not provide employees with the rights to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan 43 will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer); or (iii) at or following the transaction in which such person became an interested stockholder, the business combination is approved by the Company's Board of Directors and approved at a meeting of stockholders by the Affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds of the Company's outstanding voting stock not owned by the interested stockholder. Under Section 203, the restrictions described above also do not apply to certain business combinations proposed by an interested stockholder following the earlier of the announcement or notification of one of certain extraordinary transactions involving the Company and a person who had not been an interested stockholder during the previous three years or who became an interested stockholder with the approval of a majority of the Company's directors, if such extraordinary transaction is approved or not opposed by a majority of the directors who were directors prior to any person becoming an interested stockholder during the previous three years or were recommended for election or elected to succeed such directors by a majority of such directors. 44 PRICE RANGE OF COMMON STOCK AND DIVIDEND POLICY The Common Stock is listed on the NYSE under the symbol "SVM." The following table sets forth the high and low sale prices of the Common Stock subsequent to December 31, 1997 and for the Partnership Shares for all other periods as reported on the New York Stock Exchange Composite Tape and the cash dividends paid per share of Common Stock or the cash distributions paid per Partnership Share for the periods indicated. The prices have been adjusted to give retroactive effect to ServiceMaster's three-for-two share splits in June 1997 and June 1996 (share prices have been rounded to the nearest one cent). Cash Distributions High Low Paid --------------------------------------------------------------- Year ended December 31, 1995: First Quarter........................................ $11.11 $9.56 $0.10 Second Quarter....................................... 12.11 10.50 0.102/3 Third Quarter........................................ 12.83 11.78 0.102/3 Fourth Quarter....................................... 13.50 12.28 0.102/3 Year ended December 31, 1996: First Quarter........................................ 14.89 12.92 0.102/3 Second Quarter....................................... 15.67 13.75 0.102/3 Third Quarter........................................ 16.50 14.33 0.111/3 Fourth Quarter....................................... 17.75 15.83 0.111/3 Year ended December 31, 1997: First Quarter........................................ 18.50 16.38 0.111/3 Second Quarter....................................... 23.88 18.13 0.111/3 Third Quarter........................................ 29.50 22.75 0.12 Fourth Quarter....................................... 29.25 21.00 0.12 Year ended December 31, 1998: First Quarter........................................ 29.44 24.75 0.12 Second Quarter....................................... 38.25 26.88 0.12 As of July 1, 1998, there were approximately 35,200 holders of record of the Common Stock. A recent last reported sale price on the NYSE for the Common Stock is set forth on the cover page of this Prospectus. The Company has consistently paid increasing dividends or cash distributions over the last 27 years. The Company's current policy is to continue to increase its dividend payment. The timing and amount of future dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, the Company's results of operations, corporate finance objectives and cash requirements. The Company has announced that its intended cash dividend for 1998 will be $0.49 per share. 45 LEGAL MATTERS Certain legal matters regarding the issuance of the Common Stock, under laws other than federal or state securities laws, have been passed upon for the Company by the General Counsel of the Company. EXPERTS The financial statements and schedules included in this Prospectus and elsewhere in the Registration Statement have been audited by Arthur Andersen LLP, independent public accountants, as indicated in their reports with respect thereto, and are included herein in reliance upon the authority of said firm as experts in giving said reports. 46 INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The ServiceMaster Company (and Predecessor) Page ---- Report of Independent Public Accountants............................................................. F-2 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies........................................................... F-3 Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 1997, December 31, 1996 and December F-5 31, 1995........................................................................................ Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 1997 and December 31, 1996....................... F-6 Statements Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 1997, December 31, 1996 and December F-7 31, 1995........................................................................................ Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 1997, December 31, 1996 and F-8 December 31, 1995............................................................................... Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 1997, December 31, F-9 1996 and December 31, 1995...................................................................... F-1 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS To the Shareholders of The ServiceMaster Company We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY (organized under the laws of the State of Delaware, formerly ServiceMaster Limited Partnership) AND SUBSIDIARIES, as of December 31, 1997 and 1996, and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1997. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The ServiceMaster Company and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 1997 and 1996, and the consolidated results of operations and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 1997, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP Chicago, Illinois January 26, 1998 F-2 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES--(Continued) THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Basis of Consolidation: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ServiceMaster and its majority-owned subsidiary partnerships and corporations, collectively referred to as the Company. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries representing ownership of at least 20 percent, but less than 50 percent, are accounted for under the equity method. Certain immaterial 1996 and 1995 amounts have been reclassified to conform with the 1997 presentation. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions required under generally accepted accounting principles which may differ from the actual results. Revenues: Revenues from lawn care, termite, and pest control services are recognized as the services are provided. Revenues from franchised services (which in aggregate represent less than 10 percent of consolidated totals) consist of initial franchise fees received from the sales of licenses, sales of products to franchisees, and continuing monthly fees based upon franchise revenue. Home warranty contract fees are recognized as revenues ratably over the life of the contract. Customers' coverage under home warranty contracts is on a "claims made" basis and contract costs are expensed as incurred. Revenues from management services are recognized as services are rendered and consist of contract fees which reflect the total price of such services. Where the Company principally uses people who are employees of the facility, the payroll costs for such employees are charged to the Company by the facility and are included in "Cost of services rendered and products sold" in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Receivables from the facilities are reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position at the net amount due, after deducting from the contract price all amounts chargeable to the Company. Revenues from the professional employer organization (PEO) are also recognized as the services are rendered. Consistent with PEO industry practice, revenues include the gross amount billed to clients which includes payroll and other direct costs. Inventory Valuation: Inventories are valued at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis) or market. Inventory costs include material, labor, and factory overhead and related handling costs. Raw materials represent less than 3 percent of the inventory value at December 31, 1997. The remaining inventory is finished goods to be used on the customers' premises or sold to franchisees. Depreciation and Amortization: Buildings and equipment used in the business are stated at cost and depreciated over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method for financial reporting purposes. The estimated useful lives for building and improvements range from 10 to 40 years, while the estimated useful lives for equipment range from 3 to 10 years. Intangible assets consist primarily of trade names ($183 million), covenants not to compete ($34 million) and goodwill ($1.3 billion). These assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives as follows: trade names--40 years; covenants not to compete --10 to 20 years; and goodwill--40 years. Long-lived assets, including fixed assets and intangible assets, are periodically reviewed to determine recoverability by comparing their carrying values to the undiscounted future cash flows expected to be realized from their use. No recovery problems have been indicated by these comparisons. If the undiscounted future cash flows had been less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss would have been recognized based on the asset's fair value, and the carrying amount of the asset would have been reduced accordingly. F-3 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES--(Continued) Income Taxes: The Company accounts for income taxes under the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 109, "Accounting for Income Taxes." This statement utilizes an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company's financial statements or tax returns. Deferred income taxes are provided to reflect the differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements. Earnings Per Share: The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings Per Share" which requires the dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share replaces the previously required presentation of primary earnings per share and is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year. Shares potentially issuable under options and convertible debentures which are dilutive in nature have been considered outstanding for purposes of the diluted earnings per share calculation. F-4 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY STATEMENTS OF INCOME Year Ended December 31, ------------------------------------------------------------ 1997 1996 1995 ------------------------------------------------------------ (in thousands, except per share data) Operating Revenue.......................................... $3,961,502 $3,458,328 $3,202,504 Operating Costs and Expenses: Cost of services rendered and products sold........... 3,058,160 2,681,008 2,499,700 Selling and administrative expenses................... 559,409 482,102 450,937 ------------------------------------------------------------ Total operating costs and expenses................ 3,617,569 3,163,110 2,950,637 ------------------------------------------------------------ Operating Income........................................... 343,933 295,218 251,867 Non-operating Expense (Income): Interest expense...................................... 76,447 38,298 35,855 Interest and investment income........................ (14,304) (10,183) (7,310) Minority interest, including General Partners' 2 percent interest which totaled $5,362 in 1997, $4,977 in 1996, and $3,505 in 1995................ 7,511 14,706 45,715 ------------------------------------------------------------ Income before Income Taxes................................. 274,279 252,397 177,607 Provision for income taxes (1)............................. 10,203 7,257 5,588 Tax benefit relating to change in tax status............... 65,000 -- -- ------------------------------------------------------------ Net income (1).................................... 329,076 245,140 172,019 ------------------------------------------------------------ Pro-Forma Information: Income before Income Taxes............................ $274,279 $252,397 $177,607 Corporate provision for income taxes (1).............. 110,809 101,968 71,753 ------------------------------------------------------------ Net Income........................................ 163,470 150,429 105,854 ------------------------------------------------------------ Basic Net Income Per Share (1 and 2)....................... $0.86 $0.71 $0.61 Diluted Net Income Per Share (1 and 2)..................... $0.82 $0.69 $0.59 - --------------------------- (1) The Company converted from partnership to corporate form in a tax-free exchange for shareholders on December 26, 1997. Prior to the conversion, the Partnership was not subject to federal and state income taxes, as its taxable income was allocated to the Company's shareholders. As a result of the conversion, the Company is a taxable entity and is responsible for such payments. Pro forma information is presented to compare the continuing results of operations as if the Company were a taxable corporation in 1997, 1996 and 1995. The pro forma provision for income taxes has been calculated assuming that the Company's effective tax rate was approximately 40 percent of pretax earnings. The Company's historical net income per share as a Partnership was as follows: Before One-Time Tax Benefit Actual ----------------------------------- ------------------------------------- 1997 1996 1995 1997 1996 1995 ----------- ------------ ---------- ------------ ----------- ------------ Basic................................ $1.39 $1.16 $0.99 $1.73 $1.16 $0.99 Diluted.............................. $1.33 $1.12 $0.95 $1.66 $1.12 $0.95 (2) The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings Per Share" which requires the dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share replaces the previously required presentation of primary earnings per share. Basic earnings per share are calculated based on 190,629 shares in 1997, 211,587 shares in 1996 and 173,588 shares in 1995 while diluted earnings per share are calculated based on 199,760 shares in 1997, 220,286 shares in 1996 and 182,135 shares in 1995. All share and per share data reflect the three-for-two share splits in June 1997 and June 1996. See accompanying Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. F-5 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION As of December 31, ----------------------------------------- ASSETS 1997 1996 -------------------------- ------------- (in thousands) Current Assets: Cash and cash equivalents................................................. $ 64,876 $ 72,009 Marketable securities..................................................... 59,248 42,404 Receivables, less allowances of $32,221 in 1997 and $26,287 in 1996....... 299,138 270,401 Inventories............................................................... 48,157 43,529 122,665 70,991 Prepaid expenses and other assets......................................... ----------------------------------------- 594,084 499,334 Total current assets................................................... ----------------------------------------- Property, Plant, and Equipment, at Cost: Land and buildings........................................................ 46,632 47,536 316,021 273,177 Equipment................................................................. ----------------------------------------- 362,653 320,713 204,383 174,313 Less: accumulated depreciation............................................ ----------------------------------------- 158,270 146,400 Net property, plant, and equipment..................................... ----------------------------------------- Other Assets: Intangible assets, primarily trade names and goodwill, less accumulated amortization of $218,293 in 1997 and $170,623 in 1996.................. 1,563,309 1,098,466 159,561 102,641 Notes receivable, long-term securities, and other assets.................. ----------------------------------------- 2,475,224 1,846,841 Total Assets........................................................... ----------------------------------------- LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Current Liabilities: Accounts payable.......................................................... $ 84,673 $ 66,025 Accrued liabilities: Payroll and related expenses........................................... 85,315 69,136 Insurance and related expenses......................................... 55,909 43,675 Other.................................................................. 129,443 92,756 Deferred revenues......................................................... 181,298 138,339 Current portion of long-term obligations.................................. 21,539 15,621 ----------------------------------------- Total current liabilities............................................ 558,177 425,552 ----------------------------------------- Long-Term Debt............................................................... 1,247,845 482,315 Other Long-Term Obligations.................................................. 144,764 125,299 Commitments and Contingencies (see Notes) Minority and General Partners' Interests including General Partners' interest of $1,604 in 1996................................................ -- 16,908 Shareholders' Equity: Partnership equity........................................................ -- 862,625 Common stock $0.01 par value, authorized 1 billion shares; issued and outstanding 186,629 shares............................................. 1,866 -- Additional paid-in capital................................................ 519,424 -- Retained earnings......................................................... 65,000 -- Restricted stock.......................................................... (4,270) (5,858) Treasury stock............................................................ (57,582) (60,000) ----------------------------------------- Total shareholders' equity........................................... 524,438 796,767 ----------------------------------------- Total Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity........................... 2,475,224 1,846,841 ----------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------- See accompanying Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. F-6 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Years Ended December 31, ------------------------------------------------------ 1997 1996 1995 ------------------------------------------------------ (In thousands) Cash and Cash Equivalents at January 1........................... $ 72,009 $ 23,113 $ 14,333 Cash Flows from Operations: Net Income.................................................... 329,076 245,140 172,019 Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided from operations: Depreciation............................................. 45,392 41,658 38,332 Amortization............................................. 47,670 37,348 27,656 Deferred tax asset recorded upon reincorporation......... (65,000) -- -- Change in working capital, net of acquisitions: Receivables.............................................. (6,853) (19,084) (28,503) Inventories and other current assets..................... (14,210) (12,666) (16,209) Accounts payable......................................... 5,603 10,302 10,773 Deferred revenues........................................ 30,012 17,602 19,691 Accrued liabilities...................................... (82) 13,140 24,287 Minority interest and other, net........................... 281 7,946 49,379 ------------------------------------------------------ 371,889 341,386 297,425 Net Cash Provided from Operations..................... ------------------------------------------------------ Cash Flows from Investing Activities: Property additions............................................ (46,232) (42,952) (44,624) Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired................... (233,689) (58,473) (42,763) Net purchases of investment securities........................ (16,753) (20,075) (6,820) Payments to sellers of acquired businesses.................... (4,723) (3,742) (2,908) Sale of equipment and other assets............................ 4,134 2,664 2,250 Notes receivable and financial investments.................... (3,593) 3,304 (12,250) Proceeds from sale of businesses.............................. -- 4,526 23,255 ------------------------------------------------------ Net Cash Used for Investing Activities................ (300,856) (114,748) (83,860) ------------------------------------------------------ Cash Flows from Financing Activities: Long-term borrowings, net..................................... 888,528 123,732 96,067 Payment of borrowings and other obligations................... (160,155) (82,857) (85,945) Purchase of ServiceMaster shares.............................. (657,191) (76,556) (58,500) Distributions to shareholders and shareholders' trust......... (155,883) (146,520) (127,070) Proceeds from employee share option plans..................... 6,526 6,835 3,183 Distributions to holders of minority interests................ (542) (3,074) (32,794) Other......................................................... 551 698 274 ------------------------------------------------------ Net Cash Used for Financing Activities................ (78,166) (177,742) (204,785) ------------------------------------------------------ Cash Increase (Decrease) During the Year......................... (7,133) 48,896 8,780 ------------------------------------------------------ Cash and Cash Equivalents at December 31......................... 64,876 72,009 23,113 ------------------------------------------------------ See accompanying Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. F-7 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY Corporate Equity --------------------------------------- Additional Limited Common Paid-In Retained Partners' Treasury Restricted Total Stock Capital Earnings Equity Shares Shares Equity ------------ ----------- ------------- ------------- ------------ ------------ ------------ (in thousands) Balance, December 31, 1994....... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 364,673 $ (48,497) $ (8,910) $ 307,266 Net income 1995.................. -- -- -- 172,019 -- -- 172,019 Shareholder distributions........ -- -- -- (127,070) -- -- (127,070) Shares issued under option, subscription, and grant plans and other (435 shares)............ -- -- -- 13,965 2,431 1,361 17,757 Treasury shares purchased and related costs (4,883 shares).......... -- -- -- -- (58,500) -- (58,500) Shares issued for the acquisition of Consumer Services minority interest (40,741 shares)...... -- -- -- 265,227 91,161 -- 356,388 Shares issued for the acquisition of the TruGreen-ChemLawn minority interest (6,354 shares) and other acquisitions.................. -- -- -- 78,800 -- -- 78,800 ------------ ------------- ------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ ------------ Balance, December 31, 1995....... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 767,614 $ (13,405) $ (7,549) $ 746,660 Net income 1996.................. -- -- -- 245,140 -- -- 245,140 Shareholder distributions........ -- -- -- (146,520) -- -- (146,520) Shares issued under option, subscription, and grant plans and -- other (2,453 shares).......... -- -- (6,713) 2,506 1,691 (2,516) Treasury shares purchased and related costs (5,157 shares).......... -- -- -- -- (76,556) -- (76,556) Shares issued for acquisitions... -- -- -- 3,104 27,455 -- 30,559 ------------ -------------- ----------- ------------- ----------- ------------ ----------- Balance, December 31, 1996....... $ -- $ -- $ -- $ 862,625 $ (60,000) $ (5,858) $ 796,767 Net income 1997.................. -- -- 65,000 264,076 -- -- 329,076 Shareholder distributions........ -- -- -- (155,883) -- -- (155,883) Shares issued under option, debentures, and grant plans (4,319 shares) and other............. -- -- -- 20,151 3,511 1,588 25,250 Treasury shares repurchased from WMX (40,741 shares)........... -- -- -- (625,978) -- -- (625,978) Treasury shares purchased and related costs (1,347 shares).......... -- -- -- -- (31,213) -- (31,213) Shares issued for the acquisition of Barefoot Inc. (8,614 shares) and other acquisitions............ -- -- -- 156,299 30,120 -- 186,419 Conversion to corporate form..... 1,866 519,424 -- (521,290) -- -- -- ------------ ------------- ------------ ------------- ----------- ------------ ------------ Balance, December 31, 1997....... 1,866 519,424 65,000 -- (57,582) (4,270) 524,438 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - --------------------------- All share data reflect the three-for-two share splits in June 1997 and June 1996. See accompanying Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. F-8 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Business Unit Reporting The business of the Company is conducted through the ServiceMaster Consumer Services, ServiceMaster Management Services, and New Business Development and Parent operating units. The Consumer Services unit provides a variety of specialty services to residential and commercial customers. The Management Services unit provides a variety of supportive management services to health care, education and commercial accounts. Included in this segment for all periods is ServiceMaster Diversified Health Services, which provides management services and other products and services to the long-term care industry and had previously been reported in the New Business Development and Parent unit. The New Business Development and Parent unit includes the newly established ServiceMaster Employer Services, which has been grouped with Parent due to the developmental status of this business. The Employer Services unit provides clients with administrative processing of payroll, workers' compensation insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance and other employee benefit plans. The International operations of the enterprise, which had previously been reported in the New Business Development and Parent operating unit, are now reflected within the Consumer Services and Management Services operating units for all periods. Information regarding the accounting policies used by the Company is described in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Operating expenses of the business units consist primarily of direct costs and a royalty payable to Parent based on the revenues or profits of the business unit. Identifiable assets are those used in carrying out the operations of the business unit and include intangible assets directly related to its operations. The Company's headquarters facility and other investments are included in the identifiable assets of New Business Development and Parent. F-9 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS--(CONTINUED) The following information is presented on a pro forma basis as if the Company had been a taxable corporation in all years and corporate taxes have been allocated to the segments. The 1996 and 1995 information reflects changes made during the year to the royalty and interest expense allocation methodology between Management Services and Parent. The consolidated results were unaffected by these changes. New Business Consumer Management Development Services Services and Parent Consolidated ----------------- ------------------ -------------------- ------------ (in thousands) 1997 Operating revenue............................ 1,662,519 2,113,598 185,385 3,961,502 ----------------- ------------------ ------------------- ------------- Operating income............................. 234,714 96,067 13,152 343,933 ----------------- ------------------ ------------------- ------------- Non-operating expenses....................... 27,539 5,028 37,087 69,654 Income before income taxes................... 207,175 91,039 (23,935) 274,279 Corporate provision for income taxes......... 83,699 36,780 (9,670) 110,809 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Pro forma corporate net income........... $ 123,476 $ 54,259 $ (14,265) $ 163,470 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Identifiable assets at December 31, 1997..... $ 1,785,932 $ 420,185 $ 269,107 $ 2,475,224 Depreciation and amortization expense........ $ 63,261 $ 26,120 $ 3,681 $ 93,062 Capital expenditures......................... $ 19,488 $ 25,056 $ 1,688 $ 46,232 1996 Operating revenue............................ 1,461,696 1,982,687 13,945 3,458,328 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Operating income............................. 185,895 97,264 12,059 295,218 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Non-operating expenses....................... 14,233 6,249 22,339 42,821 Income before income taxes................... 171,662 91,015 (10,280) 252,397 Corporate provision for income taxes......... 69,352 36,770 (4,154) 101,968 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Pro forma corporate net income........... $ 102,310 $ 54,245 $ (6,126) $ 150,429 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Identifiable assets at December 31, 1996..... $ 1,394,177 $ 357,882 $ 94,782 $ 1,846,841 Depreciation and amortization expense........ $ 52,446 $ 23,855 $ 2,705 $ 79,006 Capital expenditures......................... $ 19,915 $ 21,676 $ 1,361 $ 42,952 1995 Operating revenue............................ 1,289,835 1,885,926 26,743 3,202,504 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Operating income............................. 155,098 85,390 11,379 251,867 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Non-operating expenses....................... 15,751 7,964 50,545 74,260 Income before income taxes................... 139,347 77,426 (39,166) 177,607 Corporate provision for income taxes......... 56,296 31,280 (15,823) 71,753 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Pro forma corporate net income........... $ 83,051 $ 46,146 $ (23,343) $ 105,854 ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- Identifiable assets at December 31, 1995..... $ 1,239,599 $ 340,194 $ 70,097 $ 1,649,890 Depreciation and amortization expense........ $ 42,205 $ 21,492 $ 2,291 $ 65,988 Capital expenditures......................... $ 18,563 $ 20,611 $ 5,450 $ 44,624 Reincorporation Most operations of ServiceMaster and its subsidiary partnerships had been conducted since 1986 free of federal corporate income tax. The Internal Revenue Code would have imposed federal corporate tax on ServiceMaster's operations beginning in 1998. In January 1992, in anticipation of this change, the Partnership's shareholders approved a tax-free plan of reorganization to return to corporate form. The ServiceMaster Company was created as part of this plan. The reorganization became effective December 26, 1997 and was structured as a merger in which The ServiceMaster Company became the successor entity through which the public now invests in ServiceMaster. (The term "the Company" or "ServiceMaster" is used to collectively refer to the Partnership and its successor corporation, The ServiceMaster Company.) At the time of F-10 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) reincorporation each outstanding limited partnership share was converted into one share of $0.01 par value common stock. No federal income taxes were imposed on the shareholders of the Partnership as a result of the reincorporation. Pro forma information has been presented in the accompanying financial statements in order to compare the continuing results of operations as if the Company had been a taxable entity in 1997, 1996 and 1995. The pro forma provision has been calculated assuming that the Company's effective tax rate had been approximately 40 percent of pretax earnings. Management currently estimates that the effective tax rate in the years following reincorporation will also be approximately 40 percent. This estimate may differ from the actual effective tax rate following reincorporation due to changes in circumstances, statutory tax rates, acquisitions, etc. Prior to December 26, 1997, The ServiceMaster Limited Partnership held as its only asset a 99 percent interest in the profits, losses, and distributions of The ServiceMaster Company Limited Partnership, which through subsidiaries owned and operated the ServiceMaster business. The Managing General Partner was ServiceMaster Management Corporation, which held a one percent interest in the income of both Partnerships. As a result of the reorganization, The ServiceMaster Company owns all of the general and limited partnership interests in the Partnership. No payment or equity issuance was made to the Managing General Partner in connection with the reorganization except for the pay out of any income allocated to its capital account prior to reincorporation. Income Taxes Prior to reincorporation, the Partnership (a publicly-traded partnership for federal and state income tax purposes) was not directly subject to income taxes. Since December 31, 1986 most of ServiceMaster's income or loss was allocated directly to its partners. However, the Partnership had certain subsidiaries which operated in corporate form, including American Home Shield, its home health care businesses, and certain international operations. These corporate form subsidiaries were subject to normal federal and state corporate income taxes. Additionally, several of the Partnership's subsidiaries were subject to state partnership business taxes and foreign business and income tax payments which account for a significant portion of the provision for income taxes that was previously reflected in the Partnership's consolidated income statement. As a result of the reincorporating merger, the Company recognized a step-up in the tax basis of certain assets, that will be amortized against the taxable income of the surviving enterprise in future years. As the reincorporation was structured as a merger of affiliated entities, it did not have an impact on the "book basis" of ServiceMaster's assets which are reflected in the accompanying audited financial statements. As a result of the reincorporation, the Company recorded deferred tax assets that represent the difference between the book and tax basis of the enterprise. This resulted in the recognition of deferred tax assets on the balance sheet and a corresponding $65 million gain in the tax benefit line of the income statement. The actual benefit to the Company of the basis step-up significantly exceeds the amount of the gain and is expected to result in a reduction of cash tax payments exceeding $25 million per annum for 15 years. The pro forma provision for income taxes estimated at 40 percent differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal tax rate of 35 percent to pretax earnings primarily as a result of state income taxes, net of the federal tax benefit. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts for income tax purposes. Management believes that, based upon its lengthy and consistent history of profitable operations, it is probable that the net deferred tax assets will be realized on future tax returns, primarily from the generation of future taxable income. The Company's deferred taxes include the deferred taxes created upon the conversion to corporate form as well as the deferred taxes of the Company's subsidiaries which already operated in corporate form prior to the Company's conversion. Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets at December 31, 1997 are as follows: F-11 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) (in thousands) -------------------- Deferred tax assets: Current: Accounts receivable allowance........................ $12,000 Accrued expenses..................................... 21,500 Long-Term: Long-term assets..................................... 5,000 Insurance expenses................................... 33,100 --------------------- Net deferred tax assets................................. $71,600 --------------------- Acquisitions and Sales Acquisitions have been accounted for using the purchase method, and accordingly, the results of operations of the acquired businesses have been included in the Company's consolidated financial statements since their dates of acquisition. The assets and liabilities of these businesses were recorded in the financial statements at their estimated fair market values as of the acquisition dates. On February 24, 1997, the Company acquired Barefoot Inc., the second largest professional residential lawn care services company in the United States. The Company paid approximately $237 million by issuing 8.6 million shares and paying $91 million in cash in exchange for all of the Barefoot stock. The excess of the consideration paid over the fair value of the Barefoot business of $254 million was recorded as goodwill which is being amortized on a straight-line basis over 40 years. On December 31, 1995, ServiceMaster completed a transaction with Waste Management Inc. (WMX) in which WMX contributed its 27.76 percent interest in Consumer Services to ServiceMaster and, in exchange, the Partnership issued approximately 40.7 million unregistered shares and an option to purchase approximately 2.8 million additional shares. This transaction represented a negotiated acceleration of a conversion right previously held by WMX that was first exercisable beginning in 1996. The unregistered shares and the option included a number of voting and trading restrictions, including significant limitations on open market sales, with the Company retaining a right of first refusal. The shares issued to WMX were valued based upon the average market price of unrestricted Company shares at the time the transaction was agreed to and announced, adjusted to reflect the significant voting and trading restrictions on the shares and other considerations. The valuation of these shares issued to WMX was determined in part based on a review performed by an international investment banking firm. The transaction generated approximately $239 million of intangible assets, primarily trade names and goodwill, which are being amortized on a straight-line basis over 40 years. On April 1, 1997, the Partnership completed the repurchase of all the restricted shares and the option issued to WMX for $626 million. The following schedule represents the unaudited pro forma consolidated results of operations (after reincorporation tax adjustments) as if the Barefoot acquisition and the WMX share repurchase had taken place at the beginning of each period indicated: F-12 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) 1997 1996 ------------------------------ (in thousands, except per share data) Operating revenue................................ $ 3,962,729 $ 3,562,242 Operating income................................. $ 342,282 $ 320,479 Net income....................................... $ 153,295 $ 132,680 Basic EPS........................................ $ 0.84 $ 0.74 Diluted EPS...................................... $ 0.81$ 0.71 During 1997, the Company made several smaller acquisitions which included Certified Systems, Inc., one of the nation's largest professional employer organizations, Orkin's lawn care and plantscaping division and several other lawn care and pest control businesses. The Company also purchased the minority interests of Management and Diversified Health Services for a combination of cash and Company shares, totaling approximately $25 million. The aggregate fair market value of the assets acquired less liabilities assumed for these smaller acquisitions was $196 million, including approximately $267 million of intangible assets, primarily goodwill. During 1996, the Company acquired Premier, a provider of management services to the automotive industry, and several other smaller companies, predominately pest control, lawn care and pharmacy management businesses. The aggregate fair value of assets acquired less liabilities assumed was $91 million, including approximately $96 million of intangible assets which are being amortized on a straight-line basis over 40 years. In January 1995, Consumer Services acquired the 15 percent minority interest in TruGreen-ChemLawn in exchange for Partnership shares valued at $71 million. This consideration represented 6.4 million shares valued at the quoted market price of the shares at the time of the transaction. In February 1995, the Company sold 80 percent of the Education Food Service business to DAKA International, Inc. for $20 million. The gain realized on the sale was not material to the overall results for the year. Supplemental cash flow information regarding the Company's acquisitions is as follows: ---------------------------------------- (in thousands) Fair value of assets acquired....... $ 590,600 $ 134,377 $ 502,430 Less liabilities assumed............ (157,741) (43,781) (24,246) ---------------------------------------- Net assets acquired................. 432,859 90,596 478,184 Less shares issued.................. (186,419) (30,559) (435,188) Less cash acquired.................. (12,751) (1,564) (233) ----------------------------------------- Business acquisitions, net of cash $ 233,689 $ 58,473 $ 42,763 acquired............................ ------------------------------------------ F-13 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) Long-Term Debt Long-term debt includes the following: 1997 1996 ------------------------------------ (In thousands, except per share data) Notes Payable: 6.65%, maturing in 2002-2004.......................... $ 70,000 $ 70,000 8.38%, maturing in 1998-2001.......................... 40,000 50,000 10.57%, maturing in 1998-2000......................... 27,000 36,000 10.81%, maturing in 2000-2002......................... 55,000 55,000 7.40%, maturing in 2006............................... 125,000 125,000 6.95%, maturing in 2007............................... 100,000 -- 7.45%, maturing in 2027............................... 200,000 -- 7.47%, refinanced in 1997............................. -- 50,000 9%, convertible at $5.74 per share.................... -- 18,300 6%, subordinated, convertible at $8.30 per share...... 3,581 3,581 Revolving credit facilities........................... 550,000 -- Other................................................. 98,803 90,055 Less current portions................................. (21,539) (15,621) ------------------------------------ Total long-term debt.............................. $ 1,247,845 $ 482,315 ------------------------------------ The Company is party to a number of long-term debt agreements which require it to comply with certain financial covenants, including limitations on indebtedness, restricted payments, fixed charge coverage ratios and net worth. The Company has been and currently is in compliance with the covenants related to these debt agreements. On July 28, 1997, ServiceMaster filed a Form S-3 shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission providing for the sale of up to $950 million in either unsecured senior debt securities or equity interests. On August 14, 1997 the Company successfully completed the issuance of two tranches of debt. The first tranche, $100 million of 6.95 percent notes, was priced to yield 6.99 percent and is due August 15, 2007. The second tranche, $200 million of 7.45 percent notes, was priced to yield 7.47 percent and is due August 15, 2027. Subsequent to year end, the Company completed a $300 million dual-tranche offering of unsecured senior notes consisting of $150 million, 7.10 percent notes due March 1, 2018 and $150 million, 7.25 percent notes due March 1, 2038. The net proceeds were used to reduce borrowings under bank credit facilities thereby reducing the Company's exposure to short-term interest rate fluctuations. Proceeds from future offerings will be used for general corporate purposes, which may include repayment of debt, repurchase of shares, acquisitions, capital expenditures and working capital requirements. No decision has been made relating to the potential future sale of other securities from the shelf. Any future decisions will depend on the Company's capital needs and market conditions at the time. In September 1996, the Company completed a $125 million private placement of debt at an overall interest rate of 7.40 percent. Proceeds were used to pay down the bank revolving credit facility. The Company has a $1 billion multi-currency revolving credit agreement, dated April 1, 1997, which includes a 364-day revolving credit facility of $250 million with a five-year revolving credit facility of $750 million and a one-year term loan option (two-year total term). The line of credit may be used for general Company purposes. The revolving credit facility had $450 million of unused commitment as of December 31, 1997. F-14 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) Interest paid was $63 million in 1997, $34 million in 1996, and $34 million in 1995. Average rates paid on the revolving credit facilities were 5.98 percent in 1997 and 5.62 percent in 1996. Future scheduled long-term debt payments are $19 million in 1999, $37 million in 2000, $28 million in 2001 and $32 million in 2002. The $19 million of notes payable due in 1998 are expected to be refinanced by the long-term revolving credit facility in 1998 and therefore are not considered current liabilities. Based upon the borrowing rates currently available to the Company for long- term borrowings with similar terms and maturities, the fair value of long-term debt is approximately $1.3 billion. Future long-term noncancellable operating lease payments are $30.1 million in 1998, $21.7 million in 1999, $15.1 million in 2000, $8.4 million in 2001, $4.7 million in 2002, and $6.9 million thereafter. Rental expense for 1997, 1996, and 1995 was $83.9 million, $74.8 million, and $65.4 million, respectively. Employee Benefit Plans Contributions to qualified profit sharing plans were made in the amount of $8.2 million in 1997, $6.9 million in 1996, and $6.2 million in 1995. Under the Employee Share Purchase Plan, the Company contributed $1.1 million in 1997, $1.0 million in 1996, and $0.8 million in 1995. These funds defrayed part of the cost of the shares purchased by employees. Cash and Marketable Securities Marketable securities held at December 31, 1997 and 1996, with a maturity of three months or less, are included in the Statements of Financial Position caption "Cash and Cash Equivalents." Marketable securities are designated as available for sale and recorded at current market value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in a separate component of shareholders' equity. Marketable securities available for current operations are classified as current assets while securities held for noncurrent uses are classified as long-term. The Company's investments consist primarily of publicly-traded debt and common equity securities. As of December 31, 1997, the aggregate market value of the Company's short- and long-term investments in equity securities was $87 million and the aggregate cost basis was $73 million. There has been no material participation in derivative trading securities in 1997 or 1996. Gains and losses on sales of investments, as determined on a specific identification basis, are included in investment income in the period they are realized. Gross gains and losses on such sales were not material in 1997, 1996 or 1995. Interest and dividend income received on cash and marketable securities was $8.3 million, $8.0 million, and $6.8 million in 1997, 1996, and 1995, respectively. Shareholders' Equity The Company has authorized one billion shares of common stock with a par value of $.01 and 11 million shares of preferred stock. There were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding. In December 1997, ServiceMaster converted from a publicly traded limited partnership to a corporation. At the time of reincorporation, each outstanding limited partnership share was converted into one share of common stock on a tax-free basis to the shareholders. Upon reincorporation, all Limited Partners' equity was transferred to common stock and additional paid-in capital. Earnings after the reincorporation reflect only the tax benefit attributable to the conversion, all other earnings for the year have been included in Limited Partners' equity. The shares underlying the obligations and rights relating to the employee option plans were also converted from partnership shares to corporate stock on a one-for-one basis. In 1997, the Company filed a $950 million shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the sale of unsecured senior debt securities and equity interests. No decision has been made relating to the potential sale of equity securities from the shelf. Any future decision regarding the sale of securities from the shelf F-15 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) will depend on the Company's capital needs and market conditions at the time. On April 1, 1997, the Company bought WMX's entire ownership interest in ServiceMaster for approximately $626 million. This transaction resulted in the Company acquiring the 40.7 million Company shares held by WMX and canceling WMX's option to purchase an additional 2.8 million Company shares. As of December 31, 1997 there were 10,464,000 Company shares available for issuance upon the exercise of employee options outstanding and future grants. Share options are issued at a price not less than the fair market value on the grant date and expire within ten years of the grant date. Certain options may permit the holder to pay the option exercise price by tendering Company shares that have been owned by the holder without restriction for an extended period. Share grants carry a vesting period and are restricted as to the sale or transfer of the shares. The Company accounts for employee share options under Accounting Principles Board Opinion 25, as permitted under generally accepted accounting principles. Accordingly, no compensation cost has been recognized in the accompanying financial statements related to these options. Had compensation cost for these plans been determined consistent with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 (SFAS 123), which is an accounting alternative that is permitted but not required, pro forma net income and net income per share would reflect the following: 1997 1996 ----------------------------------- (In thousands, except per share data) Net Income: As reported (1).............................. $ 163,470 $ 150,429 SFAS 123 pro forma........................... $ 160,966.00 $ 149,480.00 Net Income Per Share: Basic As reported (1).......................... $ 0.86 $ 0.71 SFAS 123 pro forma....................... $ 0.84 $ 0.71 Diluted As reported (1).......................... $ 0.82 $ 0.69 SFAS 123 pro forma....................... $ 0.81 $ 0.68 - --------------------------- (1) Corporate form The SFAS 123 pro forma net income reflects options granted in 1997 and 1996. Since SFAS 123 does not apply to options granted prior to 1995, the pro forma disclosure is not likely to be indicative of pro forma results which may be expected in future years. This primarily relates to the fact that options vest over several years and pro forma compensation cost is recognized as the options vest. In addition, awards may have been granted in earlier years which would have resulted in pro forma compensation cost in 1997. The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions in 1997 and 1996: a risk-free interest rate of 6.3 percent and 5.6 percent, respectively; a volatility rate of 21 percent and 27 percent, respectively; a 3.2 percent distribution yield in both years; and an average expected life of 7 years. The options granted to employees in 1997 and 1996 have a weighted-average fair value of $4.22 and $3.60, respectively and vest ratably over five years. The Company has estimated the value of these options assuming a single weighted-average expected life for the entire award. A summary of option and grant transactions during the last three years is summarized below: F-16 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) Weighted Average Share Exercise Options Price Range Price Share Grants Price Range --------------- ---------------- ---------------- -------------- ------------- Total exercisable and outstanding December 31, 1994..................... 10,565,946 $ 1.09-11.45 $ 8.22 1,821,977 $ 4.30-11.33 Transactions during 1995: Granted to employees.................. - $ - - 14,625 $ 10.17-11.95 Issued to WMX......................... 2,812,500 $ 14.67 $ 14.67 - - Exercised, paid, or vested............ (936,002) $ 1.09-11.45 $ 6.03 (317,786) $ 4.30-11.95 Terminated or resigned................ (274,170) $ 1.97-11.45 $ 5.67 (48,324) $ 4.45-4.57 Total exercisable, December 31, 1995....... 9,355,774 $ 1.09-11.45 $ 8.19 - - Total outstanding, December 31, 1995....... 12,168,274 $ 1.09-14.67 $ 9.69 1,470,492 $ 4.30-11.95 Transactions during 1996: Granted to employees.................. 2,769,750 $ 13.89-16.17 $ 14.11 - - Exercised, paid, or vested............ (3,647,097) $ 1.09-11.45 $ 8.33 (265,998) $ 4.30-11.95 Terminated or resigned................ (240,183) $ 4.19-11.45 $ 5.83 - - Total exercisable, December 31, 1996....... 5,468,494 $ 1.09-11.45 $ 8.24 - - Total outstanding, December 31, 1996....... 11,050,744 $ 1.09-16.17 $ 11.35 1,204,494 $ 4.30-11.95 Transactions during 1997: Granted to employees.................. 3,530,523 $ 16.84-27.63 $ 17.43 - - Exercised, paid, or vested............ (1,261,356) $ 3.26-13.89 $ 7.75 (286,973) $ 4.30-11.95 Canceled, related to WMX.............. (2,812,500) $ 14.67 $ 14.67 - - Terminated or resigned................ (293,973) $ 2.96-16.83 $ 10.67 (80,117) $ 4.30-11.95 Total exercisable, December 31, 1997....... 4,613,145 $ 1.09-16.17 $ 9.08 - - Total outstanding, December 31, 1997....... 10,213,438 $ 1.09-27.63 $ 12.98 837,404 $ 4.30-11.95 Options outstanding at December 31, 1997: Weighted Weighted Remaining Average Number Average Number Life Exercise Exercisable Exercise Range of outstanding Price at 12/31/97 Price Exercise Prices at 12/31/97 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 1.09-7.70 1,747,859 5.5 years $ 5.52 1,747,859 $ 5.52 $ 9.67-14.67 4,696,706 8.5 years $ 12.25 2,812,786 $ 11.15 $ 16.17-27.63 3,768,873 9.0 years $ 17.34 52,500 $ 16.17 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ $ 1.09-27.63 10,213,438 8.0 years $ 12.98 4,613,145 $ 9.08 Earnings Per Share The Company adopted the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings Per Share," which requires the dual presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share. Basic earnings per share replaces the previously required presentation of primary earnings per share. The difference between primary and basic earnings per share is that basic earnings per share includes no dilution from options, debentures or other financial instruments and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of convertible securities and options to purchase common stock. Diluted earnings per share is comparable to the previously reported fully diluted earnings per share. F-17 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) The following chart reconciles both the numerator and the denominator of the basic earnings per share computation to the numerator and the denominator of the diluted earnings per share computation on a pro forma basis. The reconciling items would be identical for actual earnings per share purposes. For year ended 1997 For year ended 1996 For year ended 1995 --------------------------------- ------------------------------- ----------------------------- Income Shares EPS Income Shares EPS Income Shares EPS ----------- ---------- --------- ------------ -------- ------- --------- ------------ ------ (In thousands, except per share data) Pro forma Basic EPS.......... $ 163,470 190,629 $ 0.86 $ 150,429 211,587 $ 0.71 $ 105,854 173,588 $ 0.61 Effect of Dilutive Securities, Net of tax: Options.................... 5,556 5,072 4,866 9% convertible debenture... 986 3,143 986 3,195 1,002 3,249 6% convertible debenture... 128 432 129 432 129 432 ------------ --------- ---------- ----------- ------- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ Pro forma Diluted EPS........ $ 164,584 199,760 $ 0.86 $ 151,544 220,286 $ 0.69 $ 106,985 182,135 $ 0.59 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- F-18 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) Quarterly Operating Results Quarterly operating results and related growth for the last three years in revenues, gross profit, net income, pro forma net income and pro forma basic and diluted net income per share are shown in the table below. For interim accounting purposes, certain costs directly associated with the generation of lawn care revenues are initially deferred and recognized as expense as the related revenues are recognized. Full year results are not affected. Certain amounts from prior periods have been reclassified to conform with the current presentation. Percent Percent Increase Increase 1997 '97 - '96 1996 '96 - '95 1995 ----------------- ------------- ---------------- ----------- -------------- (Unaudited, in thousands, except per share data) Operating Revenue: First Quarter......................... $ 817,136 10% $ 740,299 5% $ 707,764 Second Quarter........................ 1,010,794 10 916,931 8 852,791 Third Quarter......................... 1,090,114 18 927,227 9 854,383 Fourth Quarter........................ 1,043,458 19 873,871 11 787,566 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 3,961,502 15% $ 3,458,328 8% $ 3,202,504 Gross Profit: First Quarter......................... $ 159,991 13% $ 142,116 6% $ 133,458 Second Quarter........................ 257,260 16 221,505 10 200,728 Third Quarter......................... 257,449 17 219,127 10 199,684 Fourth Quarter........................ 228,642 18 194,572 15 168,934 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 903,342 16% $ 777,320 11% $ 702,804 Net Income: First Quarter......................... $ 46,860 16% $ 40,513 40% $ 28,880 Second Quarter........................ 75,707 6 71,264 42 50,160 Third Quarter......................... 75,759 10 68,800 44 47,750 Fourth Quarter........................ 130,750 NA 64,563 43 45,299 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 329,076 34% $ 245,140 43% $ 172,019 F-19 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS-(CONTINUED) Percent Percent Increase Increase 1997 '97 - '96 1996 '96 - '95 1995 --------------- -------------- ------------------ ------------ ---------------- (Unaudited, in thousands, except per share data) Pro forma Corporate Net Income: First Quarter.................. $ 28,982 15% $ 25,188 44% $ 17,494 Second Quarter................. 46,707 8 43,326 41 30,655 Third Quarter.................. 46,793 11 42,262 43 29,587 Fourth Quarter................. 40,988 3 39,653 41 28,118 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 163,470 9% $ 150,429 42% $ 105,854 Pro forma Basic Net Income Per Share: First Quarter.................. $ 0.13 8% $ 0.12 20% $ 0.10 Second Quarter................. 0.26 24 0.21 17 0.18 Third Quarter.................. 0.26 30 0.20 18 0.17 Fourth Quarter................. 0.22 16 0.19 19 0.16 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 0.86 21% $ 0.71 16% $ 0.61 Pro forma Diluted Net Income Per Share: First Quarter.................. $ 0.13 8% $ 0.12 20% $ 0.10 Second Quarter................. 0.25 25 0.20 18 0.17 Third Quarter.................. 0.25 32 0.19 19 0.16 Fourth Quarter................. 0.21 17 0.18 13 0.16 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 0.82 19% $ 0.69 17% $ 0.59 Cash Distributions Per Share: First Quarter.................. $ 0.11 1/3 6% $ 0.10 2/3 7% $ 0.10 Second Quarter................. 0.11 1/3 6 0.10 2/3 0 0.10 2/3 Third Quarter.................. 0.12 6 0.11 1/3 6 0.10 2/3 Fourth Quarter................. 0.12 6 0.11 1/3 6 0.10 2/3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- $ 0.46 2/3 6% $ 0.44 5% $ 0.42 Price Per Share: First Quarter.................. $ 18.50-16.38 $ 14.89-12.92 $ 11.11-9.56 Second Quarter................. 23.88-18.13 15.67-13.75 12.11-10.50 Third Quarter.................. 29.50-22.75 16.50-14.33 12.83-11.78 Fourth Quarter................. 29.25-21.00 17.75-15.83 13.50-12.28 - --------------------------- All share and per share data reflect the three-for-two share splits in June 1997 and June 1996. F-20 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY Consolidated Statements of Income (In thousands, except per share data) (Unaudited) Three Months Ended March 31, 1998 1997 ------------------- --------------------- Operating Revenue....................................................... $ 981,788 $ 817,136 Operating Costs and Expenses: Cost of services rendered and products sold............................. 794,797 657,145 Selling and administrative expenses..................................... 117,218 101,391 ------------------ ---------------------- Total operating costs and expenses...................................... 912,015 758,536 ------------------ ---------------------- Operating Income........................................................ 69,773 58,600 Non-operating Expense (Income): Interest expense........................................................ 24,095 10,392 Interest and investment income.......................................... (3,435) (2,567) Minority interest....................................................... -- 2,148 ------------------ ---------------------- Income before Income Taxes.............................................. 49,113 48,627 Provision for income taxes (pro forma in 1997)(1)....................... 19,843 19,645 Net Income (pro forma in 1997)(1)....................................... $29,270 $ 28,982 ------------------- ---------------------- Per Share: Basic (pro forma in 1997)(1)............................................ $.16 $.13 ------------------------------------------ Diluted (pro forma in 1997)(1).......................................... $.15 $.13 ------------------------------------------ Cash Distributions Per Share............................................ $.12 $.11 1/3 (1) The Company converted from partnership to corporate form on December 26, 1997. Prior to the conversion, the partnership entity was not subject to federal and state income taxes, as its taxable income was allocated to the Company's shareholders. The results shown above for the period ended March 31, 1997 have been restated to adjust the actual historical information for that period to a basis that assumes that reincorporation had occurred as of the beginning of that year. Actual net income for the period ended March 31, 1997, as previously reported (i.e., excluding the effects of pro forma corporate income taxes), was $46,860 (basic and diluted net income per share was $.22 and $.21, respectively). (2) Basic earnings per share are calculated based on 186,597 shares in 1998 and 216,309 shares in 1997 while diluted earnings per share are calculated based on 192,970 shares in 1998 and 224,429 shares in 1997. All share and per share data have been restated to reflect the three-for-two share split declared on May 9, 1997 and payable to shareholders of record as of June 11, 1997. See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-21 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (In thousands) (Unaudited) As of March 31, December 31, 1998 1997 ------------------------------------------ Assets Current Assets: Cash and cash equivalents................................................... $ 32,860 $ 64,876 Marketable securities....................................................... 64,459 59,248 Receivables, less allowances of $31,971 and $32,221, respectively........... 315,371 299,138 Inventories................................................................. 57,364 48,157 Prepaid expenses and other assets........................................... 192,208 122,665 ------------------------------------------ Total current assets............................................... 662,262 594,084 ------------------------------------------ Property and Equipment: At cost............................................................ 419,845 362,653 Less: accumulated depreciation..................................... 237,076 204,383 ------------------------------------------ Net property and equipment......................................... 182,769 158,270 ------------------------------------------ Intangible assets, primarily trade names and goodwill, net of accumulated amortization of $227,891 and $218,293, respectively... 1,692,702 1,563,309 Notes receivable, long-term securities, and other assets.................... 160,498 159,561 ------------------------------------------ Total assets....................................................... $ 2,698,231 $ 2,475,224 ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------ Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity Current Liabilities: Account payable............................................................. $ 83,285 $ 84,673 Accrued liabilities......................................................... 289,605 270,667 Deferred revenues........................................................... 220,501 181,298 Current portion of long-term obligations.................................... 33,741 21,539 ------------------------------------------- Total current liabilities.......................................... 627,132 558,177 ------------------------------------------- Long-Term Debt.............................................................. 1,379,936 1,247,845 Other Long-Term Obligations................................................. 142,296 144,764 Commitments and Contingencies............................................... Shareholders' Equity: Common stock $0.01 par value, authorized 1 billion shares; issued and outstanding 187,158 and 186,629 shares, respectively............... 1,872 1,866 Additional paid-in capital.................................................. 531,094 519,424 Retained earnings........................................................... 72,146 65,000 Restricted stock............................................................ (4,048) (4,270) Treasury stock.............................................................. (52,197) (57,582) ------------------------------------------ Total shareholders' equity......................................... 548,867 524,438 ------------------------------------------ Total liabilities and shareholders' equity......................... $ 2,698,231 $ 2,475,224 ------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------ See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-22 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (In thousands) (Unaudited) Three Months Ended March 31, 1998 1997 -------------------------------------------------- Cash and Cash Equivalents at January 1..................... $ 64,876 $ 72,009 Cash Flows from Operations: Net Income................................................. 29,270 46,860 Adjustments to reconcile net income: Depreciation..................................... 11,639 10,972 Amortization..................................... 9,598 7,428 Change in working capital, net acquisitions: Receivables.................................. (12,535) (12,403) Inventories and other current assets......... (70,791) (65,210) Accounts payable............................. (2,394) 2,906 Deferred revenues............................ 38,026 39,197 Accrued liabilities.......................... 7,269 (642) Other, net....................................... 2,503 1,320 -------------------------------------------------- Net Cash Provided from Operations.......................... 12,585 30,428 -------------------------------------------------- Cash Flows from Investing Activities: Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired........... (106,481) (96,405) Property additions.................................... (23,354) (12,970) Payments to sellers of acquired businesses............ (3,757) (1,062) Notes receivable and financial investments............ (1,012) (1,558) Sale of equipment and other assets.................... 748 553 Net purchases of investment securities................ (693) (763) -------------------------------------------------- Net Cash Used for Investing Activities..................... (134,495) (112,205) -------------------------------------------------- Cash Flows from Financing Activities: Long-term borrowings, net............................. 123,242 100,785 Payments of borrowings and other obligations.......... (10,586) (14,618) Distributions to shareholders and shareholders' trust. (22,124) 24,815) Purchase of ServiceMaster shares...................... (4,018) (10,151) Proceeds from employee share option plans............. 1,990 1,957 Other................................................. 1,390 (208) -------------------------------------------------- Net Cash Provided from Financing Activities................ 89,894 52,950 -------------------------------------------------- Cash Decrease during the Period............................ (32,016) (28,827) -------------------------------------------------- Cash and Cash Equivalents at March 31...................... $ 32,860 $ 43,182 -------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements F-23 THE SERVICEMASTER COMPANY NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 1: The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of ServiceMaster and its significant subsidiaries, collectively referred to as "the Company". Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Note 2: The consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. However, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. It is suggested that these consolidated financial statements be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company's latest Annual Report to shareholders and the Annual Report to the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1997. In the opinion of the Company, all adjustments, consisting only of normal and recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly the financial position of The ServiceMaster Company as of March 31, 1998 and December 31, 1997, and the results of operations and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 1998 and 1997, have been included. The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions required under generally accepted accounting principles which may differ from the actual results. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results which might be obtained for a full year. Note 3: For interim accounting purposes, certain costs directly associated with the generation of lawn care revenues are initially deferred and recognized as expense as the related revenues are recognized. All such costs are fully recognized within the fiscal year in which they are incurred. Note 4: On May 9, 1997, the Company's Board of Directors declared a three-for-two share split effective June 25, 1997, for shareholders of record on June 11, 1997. All share and per share data have been restated for all periods presented to reflect this three-for-two split. Note 5: Basic earnings per share includes no dilution from options, debentures or other financial instruments and is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of convertible securities and options to purchase common stock. The following chart reconciles both the numerator and the denominator of the basic earnings per share computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted earnings per share computation. Three months Three months ended March 31, 1998 ended March 31, 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ (in thousands, except per share data) Pro-forma Income Shares EPS Income Shares EPS ------------------ ----------- ------------- ---------------- ------------- ------------ Basic earnings per share $ 29,270 186,597 $ 0.16 $ 28,982 216,309 $ 0.13 Effect of dilutive securities, net of tax: Options -- 5,941 -- 4,493 9% Convertible debenture -- -- 246 3,195 6% Convertible debenture 32 432 32 432 ------------------------------- ------------ ------------------------------- ------------- Diluted earnings per share $ 29,302 192,970 $ 0.15 $29,260 224,429 $ 0.13 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Note 6: In the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, the caption Cash and Cash Equivalents includes investments in short-term, highly-liquid securities having a maturity of three months or less. Supplemental information relating to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 1998 and 1997 is presented in the following table. The increase in interest paid in 1998 is primarily due to overall higher debt balances relating to the WMX share repurchase in April 1997 as well as the timing of payments on the public debt. F-24 (In thousands) 1998 1997 ------------------- ---------------------- Cash paid or received for: Interest expense................. $ 31,910 $ 11,205 Interest and dividend income.... $ 2,007 $ 1,942 Note 7: Effective January 1, 1998, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 130, "Reporting Comprehensive Income". This statement establishes standards for reporting and display of comprehensive income and its components in financial statements. Total comprehensive income for the three months ended March 31, 1998 and 1997 was $31.3 million and $24.7 million, respectively, which included primarily net income and unrealized gains on marketable securities. In 1998, Statement of Position No. 98-1, "Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use", and Statement of Position No. 98-5, "Reporting on the Costs of Start Up and Preoperating Activities", were issued. These statements, which must be adopted no later than January 1999, have not yet been implemented by the Company. The Company does not expect the adoption of these statements to have a material impact to the financial statements. F-25