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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
[X ] QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED DECEMBER 26, 1999
OR
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _________ TO ________
Commission file number: 0-24360
SPECTRIAN CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
DELAWARE 77-0023003
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)
incorporation or organization)
350 West Java Drive
Sunnyvale, California 94089
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
Telephone Number (408) 745-5400
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes X No ___
As of February 7, 2000 there were 10,697,878 shares of the Registrant's Common
Stock outstanding.
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SPECTRIAN CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
FOR QUARTER ENDED DECEMBER 26, 1999
Page
----
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1 Financial Statements
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets -
December 26, 1999 and March 31, 1999......................... 3
Condensed Consolidated Statements Of Operations and Other
Comprehensive Income (Loss) - Three Months and Nine Months
Ended December 26, 1999 and December 27, 1998................ 4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows -
Nine Months Ended December 26, 1999 and December 27, 1998.... 5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements........... 6
ITEM 2 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition
and Results of Operations.................................... 11
ITEM 3 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk..... 23
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1 Legal Proceedings.............................................. 24
ITEM 6 Exhibits and Reports on Form 8-K............................... 24
Signatures..................................................... 25
2
3
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SPECTRIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
December 26, March 31,
1999 1999 (1)
------------ ------------
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents $ 13,163 $ 26,254
Short-term investments 36,116 36,417
Accounts receivable, less allowance for
doubtful accounts of $417 and $388,
respectively 33,425 12,983
Inventories 26,261 20,826
Prepaid expenses and other current assets 4,649 3,464
--------- ---------
Total current assets 113,614 99,944
Property and equipment, net 20,854 28,468
--------- ---------
$ 134,468 $ 128,412
========= =========
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Accounts payable $ 18,154 $ 8,058
Accrued liabilities 11,294 17,884
Current portion of debt and capital
lease obligations 604 1,603
--------- ---------
Total current liabilities 30,052 27,545
Debt and capital lease obligations,
net of current portion 1,659 4,899
--------- ---------
Total liabilities 31,711 32,444
--------- ---------
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY:
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 5,000,000
shares authorized; none issued and
outstanding, respectively -- --
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000
shares authorized; 11,669,835 and 11,102,333
shares issued, respectively; 10,669,835 and
10,102,333 shares outstanding, respectively 12 10
Additional paid-in capital 156,571 149,588
Treasury stock, 1,000,000 shares of common
stock held (14,789) (14,789)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (569) 137
Accumulated deficit (38,468) (38,978)
--------- ---------
Total stockholders' equity 102,757 95,968
--------- ---------
$ 134,468 $ 128,412
========= =========
(1) Derived from the March 31, 1999 audited balance sheet included in the 1999
Annual Report on Form 10-K of Spectrian Corporation.
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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SPECTRIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
------------------------- -------------------------
December 26, December 27, December 26, December 27,
1999 1998 1999 1998
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
REVENUES $ 49,144 $ 20,723 $ 123,595 $ 78,376
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
Cost of revenues 37,195 21,374 95,763 69,731
Research and development 5,633 7,242 16,039 19,745
Selling, general and
Administrative 5,173 3,263 14,000 10,890
--------- --------- --------- ---------
Total costs and expenses 48,001 31,879 125,802 100,366
--------- --------- --------- ---------
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) 1,143 (11,156) (2,207) (21,990)
INTEREST INCOME 711 1,091 2,586 3,856
INTEREST EXPENSE (118) (229) (419) (598)
OTHER INCOME 624 -- 624 --
--------- --------- --------- ---------
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE
INCOME TAXES 2,360 (10,294) 584 (18,732)
INCOME TAXES 16 -- 74 --
--------- --------- --------- ---------
NET INCOME (LOSS) 2,344 (10,294) 510 (18,732)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE
INCOME (LOSS):
Unrealized gain (loss) on
short-term investments (239) (657) (706) 140
--------- --------- --------- ---------
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) $ 2,105 $ (10,951) $ (196) $ (18,592)
========= ========= ========= =========
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE:
Basic $ 0.22 $ (0.98) $ 0.05 $ (1.75)
========= ========= ========= =========
Diluted $ 0.20 $ (0.98) $ 0.05 $ (1.75)
========= ========= ========= =========
SHARES USED IN COMPUTING
PER SHARE AMOUNTS:
Basic 10,519 10,466 10,316 10,702
========= ========= ========= =========
Diluted 11,774 10,466 10,939 10,702
========= ========= ========= =========
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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SPECTRIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended
----------------------------
December 26, December 27,
1999 1998
------------ ------------
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss) $ 510 $ (18,732)
Adjustments to reconcile net income
(loss) to net cash used in operating
activities:
Depreciation and amortization 10,086 10,020
(Gain) loss on sale of property and
equipment, net (595) 739
Stock option compensation expense 239 1,647
Changes in operating assets and
liabilities:
Accounts receivable (20,442) 2,115
Inventories (5,435) (1,141)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (1,185) 1,409
Accounts payable 10,096 (2,215)
Accrued liabilities (6,590) (3,672)
--------- ---------
Net cash used in operating activities (13,316) (9,830)
--------- ---------
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Purchase of short-term investments (31,148) (57,630)
Proceeds from sale and maturities of
short-term investments 30,743 76,306
Purchase of property and equipment (5,239) (9,535)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment 3,362 --
--------- ---------
Net cash provided by (used in)
investing activities (2,282) 9,141
--------- ---------
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Repayment of debt and capital lease obligations (4,239) (698)
Repurchase of common stock -- (9,709)
Proceeds from sales of common stock, net 6,746 1,000
--------- ---------
Net cash provided by (used in) financing
Activities 2,507 (9,407)
--------- ---------
NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS (13,091) (10,096)
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING OF PERIOD 26,254 31,460
--------- ---------
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, END OF PERIOD $ 13,163 $ 21,364
========= =========
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid for interest $ 419 $ 598
========= =========
Cash paid for income taxes $ 74 $ --
========= =========
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
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SPECTRIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of
Spectrian Corporation and subsidiaries ("Spectrian" or the "Company") have been
prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. However,
certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial
statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles
have been condensed or omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the
Securities and Exchange Commission. In the opinion of the management, the
statements include all adjustments (which are of a normal and recurring nature)
necessary for the fair presentation of the financial information set forth
therein. These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the
Company's audited consolidated financial statements as set forth on pages F-1
through F-15 of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended March 31, 1999. The interim results presented herein are not necessarily
indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for the full
fiscal year ending March 31, 2000, or any other future period.
2. BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS
Balance sheet components are as follows (in thousands):
December 26, March 31,
1999 1999
------------ -----------
Inventories:
Raw materials $ 14,217 $ 9,100
Work in progress 8,734 5,701
Finished goods 3,310 6,025
--------- ---------
$ 26,261 $ 20,826
========= =========
Property and equipment:
Machinery and equipment $ 60,913 $ 58,322
Land, building and improvements -- 2,736
Leasehold improvements 3,781 1,957
--------- ---------
64,694 63,015
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization 43,840 34,547
--------- ---------
$ 20,854 $ 28,468
========= =========
Accrued liabilities:
Employee compensation and benefits $ 3,273 $ 4,672
Warranty 7,039 9,473
Other accrued liabilities 982 3,739
--------- ---------
$ 11,294 $ 17,884
========= =========
3. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 133, Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities. SFAS No. 133 establishes accounting and
reporting standards for derivative instruments and for hedging activities. It
requires that an entity recognize all derivatives as either assets or
liabilities in the statement of financial position and measure those
instruments at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of a
derivative depends on the intended use of the derivative and the resulting
designation. Under SFAS No. 133, an entity that elects to apply hedge
accounting is required to establish at the inception of the hedge the method it
will use for assessing the effectiveness of the hedging derivative and the
measurement approach for determining the ineffective aspect of the hedge.
Those
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SPECTRIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
methods must be consistent with the entity's approach to managing risk. The
Company does not currently engage in hedging activities. The Company will
adopt SFAS No. 133 in its fiscal year 2002.
4. SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
The Company considers all liquid investments with an original maturity of
three months or less to be cash equivalents. The cash equivalents consisted of
investment grade, interest-bearing commercial paper as of December 26, 1999.
The Company has classified its investments in certain debt securities as
"available-for-sale," and records such investments at fair market value, with
unrealized gains and losses reported as a separate component of stockholders'
equity. Realized gains and losses are determined using the specific
identification method. Interest income is recorded using an effective interest
rate, with the associated premium or discount amortized to interest income.
As of December 26, 1999 and March 31, 1999, short-term investments
classified as available-for-sale securities were as follows (in thousands):
Amortized Unrealized Fair
Cost Gain (Loss) Value
---------- ---------- ---------
As of December 26, 1999
Government bonds & notes $ 13,594 $ (142) $ 13,452
Corporate bonds & notes 33,976 (427) 33,549
--------- --------- ---------
47,570 (569) 47,001
Less amounts classified as
cash equivalents 10,890 (5) 10,885
--------- --------- ---------
Short-term investments $ 36,680 $ (564) $ 36,116
========= ========= =========
Contractual maturity dates:
Less than 1 year $ 7,650
1 to 5 years 24,966
5 to 10 years --
Greater than 10 years 3,500
---------
$ 36,116
=========
Amortized Unrealized Fair
Cost Gain (Loss) Value
---------- ---------- ---------
As of March 31, 1999
Government bonds & notes $ 8,973 $ 81 $ 9,054
Corporate bonds & notes 48,936 56 48,992
--------- --------- ---------
57,909 137 58,046
Less amounts classified
as cash equivalents 21,629 -- 21,629
--------- --------- ---------
Short-term investments $ 36,280 $ 137 $ 36,417
========= ========= =========
Contractual maturity dates:
1 to 5 years $ 28,117
5 to 10 years --
Greater than 10 years 8,300
---------
$ 36,417
=========
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SPECTRIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
5. PER SHARE COMPUTATION
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income
(loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of
common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share
is computed using the weighted average number of common and potentially
dilutive common shares outstanding during the period using the treasury stock
method. Potentially dilutive common shares include the effect of stock
options. For the three and nine months ended December 26, 1999, options to
purchase 227,547 and 538,015 common shares were outstanding, but were not
included in the computation of diluted net income per share because the
exercise prices of the options were greater than the average market price of
the common shares. For the three and nine months ended December 27, 1998,
potentially dilutive options to purchase common shares of 144,547 and 184,964,
respectively, were not included in the calculation of diluted net loss per
share as they were antidilutive due to the net loss the Company experienced in
these periods.
Reconciliation of weighted average shares used in computing net income per
share is as follows (in thousands):
Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
------------------------- --------------------------
December 26, December 27, December 26, December 27,
1999 1998 1999 1998
------------ ------------ ------------ -------------
Weighted average common
shares outstanding 10,519 10,466 10,316 10,702
Dilutive effect of stock
options outstanding,
using the treasury stock
method 1,255 -- 623 --
------- ------- ------- -------
Shares used in computing
diluted net income per
share 11,774 10,466 10,939 10,702
======= ======= ======= =======
6. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Under the management approach, the Company has broken down its business
into two operating segments based upon product type: Amplifier Products and
Semiconductor Products. The Semiconductor Products operation derives virtually
all of its revenues from sales to the Amplifier Products operation. The
Company allocates operating expenses to these segments but does not allocate
interest income and expense. Corporate expenses are allocated to the operating
segments based on predetermined annual allocation methods. Appropriate
intersegment eliminations are made in the consolidation of the Company's
consolidated financial statements. Inventories and property and equipment are
reported upon by operation. No other assets and liabilities are reported
separately.
The Company operated and reported its financial information as one
vertical integrated unit in the fiscal year ending March 31, 1999. The Company
began reporting its operations by segment as of the fiscal period beginning
April 1, 1999. Given this, it is not practicable to report comparative
information for the prior periods as it is unavailable. Segment information
for the periods presented is as follows (in thousands):
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data - fiscal 2000:
Three Months Ended December 26, 1999
-----------------------------------------------
Amplifier Semiconductor Other* Total
----------- ------------- --------- ---------
Revenues, external $ 48,973 $ 171 $ -- $ 49,144
Revenues, intersegment -- 7,760 (7,760) --
Amortization and depreciation 1,379 625 1,294 3,298
Income before income taxes 301 1,680 379 2,360
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SPECTRIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Nine Months Ended December 26, 1999
-----------------------------------------------
Amplifier Semiconductor Other* Total
----------- ------------- --------- ---------
Revenues, external $ 123,356 $ 239 $ -- $ 123,595
Revenues, intersegment -- 18,650 (18,650) --
Amortization and depreciation 4,157 1,909 4,020 10,086
Income (loss) before income
Taxes (4,597) 1,977 3,204 584
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
December 26, 1999
-----------------------------------------------
Amplifier Semiconductor Other* Total
----------- ------------- --------- ---------
Inventories $ 19,038 $ 7,223 $ -- $ 26,261
Property and equipment 6,683 4,782 9,389 20,854
*Data in the "Other" column includes corporate expenses and assets that were
not allocated to the operating segments and elimination of intersegment
revenues.
Consolidated Statement of Operations Data - fiscal 1999:
Three Months
Ended
December 27,
1998
----
Total
-------------
Revenues $ 20,723
Amortization and depreciation 3,697
Loss before income taxes (10,294)
Nine Months
Ended
December 27,
1998
----
Total
-------------
Revenues $ 78,376
Amortization and depreciation 10,020
Loss before income taxes (18,732)
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data:
December 27,
1998
----
Total
------------
Inventories 16,503
Property and equipment, net 31,529
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SPECTRIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Geographic Segment Data:
Revenue from unaffiliated customers by geographic region as a percentage
of revenues were as follows:
Three Months Ended Nine Months Ended
------------------------ --------------------------
December 26, December 27, December 26, December 27,
1999 1998 1999 1998
------------ ------------ ------------ -------------
Canada 42% 59% 47% 58%
Korea 22% 12% 17% 11%
United States 14% 9% 16% 12%
France 22% 19% 20% 18%
Other -% 1% -% 1%
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
OF OPERATIONS
Some of the statements contained in this Report on Form 10-Q are forward-
looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of
1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including
statements regarding the Company's expectations, hopes, intentions or
strategies regarding the future. Forward-looking statements include: statements
regarding future revenue levels, statements regarding future products or
product development; statements regarding future research and development
spending and the Company's product development strategy; statements regarding
the levels of international sales; statements regarding future expenditures;
and statements regarding current or future acquisitions. All forward-looking
statements included in this document are based on information available to the
Company on the date hereof, and the Company assumes no obligation to update any
such forward-looking statements. It is important to note that the Company's
actual results could differ materially from those in such forward-looking
statements.
Overview
The Company designs, manufactures and markets highly linear single carrier
and multi-carrier power amplifiers that support a broad range of worldwide
analog and digital wireless transmissions standards, including AMPS, TDMA,
CDMA, TACS and GSM. The Company, founded in 1984 to perform design and
engineering services, first entered the commercial amplifier market in 1988 and
shipped its first cellular power amplifiers in 1990. The Company's revenues are
now derived primarily from sales to a limited number of OEMs in the wireless
infrastructure equipment market, in particular Nortel Networks ("Nortel"). In
the fiscal year ended March 31, 1999 ("Fiscal 1999"), the fourth quarter of
fiscal 1998 and the first quarter of fiscal 2000, product orders fell sharply
resulting in substantial losses in those fiscal periods. Moreover, the Company
expects that it will not receive substantial orders for new products from
Nortel going forward. There can be no assurance that the Company will not
experience such fluctuation in the future.
In Sunnyvale, California, the Company manufactures low-volume single
carrier and multi-carrier amplifier products, and services all amplifier
products. In addition, the Company operates a four-inch semiconductor wafer
fabrication facility and semiconductor assembly and test operation in
Sunnyvale, California. During fiscal 1999, the Company transitioned the
assembly and test of its higher volume single carrier amplifier products to a
contract manufacturer on a turn-key basis. The Company began utilizing a
contract manufacturer to decrease the Company's manufacturing overhead and
costs of its products, increase flexibility to respond to fluctuations in
product demand and to leverage the strengths of the contract manufacturer's
focus on high volume, high quality manufacturing. The transitioning costs of
manufacturing activities to the contract manufacturer in fiscal 1999 were
higher than the savings from costs of products, which adversely affected the
Company's gross margin for fiscal 1999. As a result of its wafer fabrication
facility and other manufacturing infrastructure, the Company has a high level
of fixed costs and is dependent upon substantial revenue to maintain
profitability.
The development and pilot production of the Company's latest cellular
multi-carrier product platform was completed in fiscal 1999. This product
family moved into full production in Sunnyvale, California during the quarter
ended September 26, 1999.
For the nine months ended December 26, 1999, Nortel accounted for
approximately 75% of revenues. During the nine months ended December 27, 1998,
Nortel, QUALCOMM Incorporated ("QUALCOMM"), and LG Information and
Communications Limited ("LGIC") accounted for approximately 77%, 10% and 10% of
revenues, respectively. The Company's business, financial condition and results
of operations have been materially adversely affected in the past by
anticipated orders failing to materialize and by deferrals or cancellations of
orders as a result of changes in OEM requirements. In September 1999, the
Company announced that it expected that it would not be developing new products
for Nortel but would continue to supply Nortel with existing products. If the
Company is unable to find other customers to generate demand for its new
products, the Company's revenues may be materially adversely affected. If the
Company were to lose Nortel or any other major OEM customer, or if orders by
Nortel or any other major OEM customer were to otherwise materially decrease
either in unit quantity or in price, the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected. In
addition, financial market turmoil and economic downturn in Korea may have a
material adverse effect on the Company's sales of its products to LGIC, an OEM
based in Korea, because a majority of the Company's products
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
ordered by LGIC to date relate to the build-out of the Korean PCS system.
Furthermore, because the Company's products are priced in U.S. dollars, the
currency instability in the Korean and other Asian financial markets may have
the effect of making the Company's products more expensive to LGIC than those
of other manufacturers whose products are priced in one of the affected Asian
currencies, and, therefore, for this and other reasons LGIC may reduce future
purchases of the Company's products.
The Company's semiconductor vertical integration strategy entails a number
of risks, including a high level of fixed and variable costs, the management of
complex processes, dependence on a single source of supply for certain
components and services, and a strict regulatory environment. During periods
of low demand, high fixed wafer fabrication costs are likely to have a material
adverse effect on the Company's operations. In addition, the Company's
strategy of frequently introducing and rapidly expanding the manufacture of new
products to meet evolving OEM customer and wireless service provider needs has
caused the Company to experience high materials and manufacturing costs,
including high scrap and material waste, significant material obsolescence,
labor inefficiencies, high overtime hours, inefficient material procurement and
an inability to realize economies of scale.
The market for the Company's products is becoming increasingly
competitive. The Company is selling its power amplifier products in South
Korea, as well as directly to cellular service providers where its competitors
are already established as suppliers. In addition, the Company competes with
at least one amplifier manufacturer for business from Nortel. This competition
has resulted in, and will continue to result in reduced average selling prices
for the Company's products, which accordingly will negatively impact gross
margins.
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated certain statement
of operations data of the Company expressed as a percentage of total revenues
and gross margin on sales.
Three months ended Nine months ended
------------------------- -------------------------
December 26, December 27, December 26, December 27,
1999 1998 1999 1998
------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
REVENUES 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
Cost of revenues 75.7 103.1 77.5 89.0
Research and development 11.5 34.9 13.0 25.2
Selling, general and
Administrative 10.5 15.8 11.3 13.9
------- ------- ------- -------
Total costs and expenses 97.7 153.8 101.8 128.1
------- ------- ------- -------
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) 2.3 (53.8) (1.8) (28.1)
INTEREST INCOME 1.4 5.2 2.1 4.9
INTEREST EXPENSE (0.2) (1.1) (0.3) (0.7)
OTHER INCOME 1.3 -- 0.5 --
------- ------- ------- -------
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME
TAXES 4.8 (49.7) 0.5 (23.9)
INCOME TAXES -- -- 0.1 --
------- ------- ------- -------
NET INCOME (LOSS) 4.8% (49.7)% 0.4% (23.9)%
======= ======= ======= =======
GROSS MARGIN ON SALES 24.3% (3.1)% 22.5% 11.0%
====== ======= ======= =======
Revenues. The Company's revenues increased 137% to $49.1 million for the
three months ended December 26, 1999 from $20.7 million for the three months
ended December 27, 1998. The Company's revenues increased 58% to $123.6 million
for the nine months ended December 26, 1999 from $78.4 million for the nine
months ended December 27, 1998. The growth in revenue on a quarterly and year-
to-date basis was primarily due to higher
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
demand in the single carrier power amplifier ("SCPA") product line and
achieving volume shipments of the new multi-channel power amplifier ("MCPA")
product line.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues consists primarily of turnkey amplifier
----------------
costs for the Company's higher volume products, internal amplifier assembly and
test costs for its lower volume and new products, radio frequency ("RF")
semiconductor fabrication, assembly and test costs, raw materials,
manufacturing overhead and warranty costs. The Company's cost of revenues
increased by 74% to $37.2 million for the three months ended December 26, 1999
from $21.4 million for the three months ended December 27, 1998. The Company's
cost of revenues increased by 37% to $95.8 million for the nine months ended
December 26, 1999 from $69.7 million for the nine months ended December 27,
1998. The increases on a dollar basis for the three and nine months ended
December 26, 1999 were due to higher production volumes associated with the
increased revenues.
Gross margin on sales was 24% for the three months ended December 26, 1999
as compared to (3)% for the three months ended December 27, 1998. Gross margin
on sales was 23% for the nine months ended December 26, 1999 as compared to 11%
for the nine months ended December 27, 1998. The increase in gross margin
reflects lower per unit manufacturing costs driven by higher production
volumes, product cost reduction initiatives, and the increased use of contract
manufacturing. However, these cost improvements were partially offset by
declining average sales prices in certain volume products.
Research and Development. Research and development ("R&D") expenses
-------------------------
include the cost of designing, developing or reducing the manufacturing cost of
amplifiers and RF semiconductors. The Company's R&D expenses decreased by 22%
to $5.6 million in the three months ended December 26, 1999 from $7.2 million
in the three months ended December 27, 1998. The Company's R&D expenses
decreased by 19% to $16.0 million for the nine months ended December 26, 1999
from $19.7 million in the nine months ended December 27, 1998. As a percentage
of revenues, R&D expenses represented 12% of revenues for the three months
ended December 26, 1999 as compared to 35% of revenues for the three months
ended December 27, 1998. As a percentage of revenues, R&D expenses represented
13% of revenues for the nine months ended December 26, 1999 as compared to 25%
of revenues for the nine months ended December 27, 1998. The decrease in R&D
expenses on both a dollar and percentage of revenues basis reflects
substantially higher revenue levels on a quarter and year-to-date basis and
reduced expenses associated with completion of the new MCPA products in fiscal
2000.
Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, general and administrative
-----------------------------------
("SG&A") expenses include compensation and benefits for sales, marketing,
senior management and administrative personnel, commissions paid to independent
sales representatives, professional fees and other expenses.
The Company's SG&A expenses increased by 59% to $5.2 million in the three
months ended December 26, 1999 from $3.3 million in the three months ended
December 27, 1998. The Company's SG&A expenses increased by 29% to $14.0
million for the nine months ended December 26, 1999 from $10.9 million in the
nine months ended December 27, 1998. As a percentage of revenues, SG&A expenses
represented 11% of revenues for the three months ended December 26, 1999 as
compared to 16% of revenues for the three months ended December 27, 1998. As a
percentage of revenues, SG&A expenses represented 11% of revenues for the nine
months ended December 26, 1999 as compared to 14% of revenues for the nine
months ended December 27, 1998. The increase in SG&A expenses on a dollar basis
for both the quarter and year-to-date are principally due to increased
commissions and added maintenance and support for the new enterprise resource
planning ("ERP") system.
Interest Income. Interest income for the three months ended December 26,
----------------
1999 decreased to $0.7 million from $1.1 million for the three months ended
December 27, 1998. Interest income for the nine months ended December 26, 1999
decreased to $2.6 million from $3.9 million for the nine months ended December
27, 1998. The decrease in interest income for the three and nine months ended
December 26, 1999 resulted from lower interest-bearing investment balances
associated with the reduced average cash and cash equivalent balances.
Interest Expense. Interest expense for the three months ended December 26,
-----------------
1999 decreased to $0.1 million from $0.2 million for the three months ended
December 27, 1998. Interest expense for the nine months ended December 26, 1999
decreased to $0.4 million from $0.6 million for the nine months ended December
27, 1998. The
13
14
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
decrease in interest expense for the three and nine months ended December 26,
1999 resulted from substantially reduced average borrowings levels.
Other Income. Other income for the three and nine months ended December
-------------
26, 1999 increased to $0.6 million from none for the three and nine months
ended December 27, 1998. The increase in other income resulted from the sale of
a light industrial building in December 1999 by the Company for $3.3 million,
net of selling expenses. A gain, net of selling expenses, of $0.6 million was
recognized on the sale. The related bank debt of $2.8 million that was secured
by the building was retired upon the closing of the building sale.
Income Taxes. Due to the losses incurred by the Company in prior years
-------------
and the related net operating loss carryforwards available to the Company, the
Company did not record an income tax expense except for the minimum state
income tax expense for the three and nine months ended December 26, 1999.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company has financed its growth through sales of common stock, private
sales of equity securities, capital equipment leases, bank lines of credit and
cash flows from operations. Principal sources of liquidity at December 26, 1999
consisted of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments of $49.3 million
and bank borrowing arrangements. The Company has a revolving line of credit of
$10.0 million with a bank secured by the majority of the Company's assets. The
line of credit was due to expire on January 31, 2000 and has been subsequently
extended until December 31, 2000. Under the terms of the master agreement
governing this credit instrument, the Company is required to maintain certain
minimum working capital, net worth, profitability and other specific financial
ratios. In January 1997, the Company borrowed $6.0 million under a term loan
secured by certain capital equipment. The loan, which expires in January 2002,
requires the payment of monthly principal plus interest and is subject to
certain minimum working capital, net worth and other specific financial ratios.
The Company was in compliance with these covenants as of December 26, 1999.
The Company's working capital increased by $11.2 million to $83.6 million
as of December 26, 1999 from $72.4 million as of March 31, 1999. The increase
was primarily attributable to a $20.4 million increase in accounts receivable,
a $10.1 million increase in accounts payable, and a $5.4 million increase in
inventories which were partially offset by a $13.4 million decrease in cash,
cash equivalents and short-term investments and a $6.6 million decrease in
accrued liabilities. The Company's short-term investments were principally
invested in investment grade, interest-bearing securities.
Cash used by operations was $13.3 million for the nine months ended
December 26, 1999 compared to cash used by operations for the nine months ended
December 27, 1998 of $9.8 million. Cash used by operations for the nine months
ended December 26, 1999 was principally the result of a $20.4 million increase
in accounts receivable, which increased proportionately with revenue growth,
combined with a $6.6 million reduction in accrued liabilities and a $5.4
million increase in inventories which were partially offset by a substantial
decrease in net losses and a $10.1 million increase in accounts payable, which
increased proportionately with production levels.
The Company's investing activities during the nine months ended December
26, 1999 used cash of approximately $2.3 million as compared to providing $9.1
million of cash during the comparable period in the prior year. Cash used for
investing activities during the nine months ended December 26, 1999 resulted
primarily from $5.2 million additions to property and equipment, partially
offset by $3.3 million in proceeds from the sale of a light industrial building
by the Company. Capital additions for the nine months ended December 26, 1999
included manufacturing test and production equipment required to support new
products, test equipment to support various research and development projects,
and the ERP system.
The Company's financing activities during the nine months ended December
26, 1999 provided cash of approximately $2.5 million as compared to cash used
of $9.4 million during the comparable period in the prior year. Cash provided
by financing activities during the nine months ended December 26, 1999 was the
result of $6.7 million in proceeds from the issuance of common stock, through
the exercise of employee stock options and employee stock purchase plan
activity, which was partially offset by $4.2 million in repayments of debt and
capital lease obligations.
14
15
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
The Company anticipates spending approximately $12.3 million over the next
twelve months for capital additions primarily to support manufacturing
production and test requirements, development projects and facilities
expansion. Based on the Company's current working capital position, the cash
flows the Company expects to generate from the remainder of fiscal 2000
operations, and the available line of credit, the Company believes that
sufficient resources will be available to meet the Company's cash requirements
for at least the next twelve months. Cash requirements for future periods will
depend on the Company's profitability, timing and level of capital
expenditures, working capital requirements and rate of growth.
Factors Affecting Future Operating Results
Customer Concentration; Dependence on Nortel. The wireless infrastructure
--------------------------------------------
equipment market is dominated by a small number of large original equipment
manufacturers ("OEMs"), including Ericsson, Lucent, Motorola, Nortel and
Siemens AG. The Company's revenues are derived primarily from sales to a
limited number of these OEMs, in particular, Nortel. For the nine months ended
December 26, 1999, Nortel accounted for approximately 75% of revenues. During
the nine months ended December 27, 1998, Nortel, QUALCOMM, and LGIC accounted
for approximately 77%, 10%, and 10% of revenues, respectively. Furthermore, a
substantial portion of revenues from Nortel in fiscal 2000 to date, fiscal
1999, fiscal 1998 and fiscal 1997 resulted from sales of a limited number of
the Company's products. The Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations have been materially adversely affected in the past by
anticipated orders failing to materialize and by deferrals or cancellations of
orders as a result of changes in OEM requirements. The Company and Nortel have
an agreement, renegotiated annually, pursuant to which Nortel commits to
purchase a certain volume of its annual power amplifier requirements for
specified prices from the Company. In September 1999, the Company announced
that it expected that it would not be developing products for Nortel but that
it will continue to supply Nortel with existing products. There can be no
assurance that Nortel will purchase existing products from the Company in the
future or otherwise agree to purchase the same or similar levels of its power
amplifier requirements from the Company or purchase its power amplifier
requirements at the same or similar pricing. Any reduction in the level of
purchases of the Company's amplifiers by Nortel, or any material reduction in
pricing without significant offsets, would have a material adverse effect on
the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. If the
Company's current or new customers do not generate sufficient demand for the
Company's new products replacing prior demand from Nortel, the Company's
business financial condition and results of operations could be materially
adversely affected. Further, if the Company were to lose Nortel or any other
major OEM customer, or if orders by Nortel or any other major OEM customer were
to otherwise materially decrease, the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations would be materially adversely affected. In addition,
financial market turmoil and economic downturn in Korea may have a material
adverse effect on the Company's sales of its products to Korean customers
because a majority of the Company's products ordered by the Korean OEMs and
network operators to date relate to the build-out of the Korean wireless
networks. In addition, because the Company's products are priced in U.S.
dollars, the currency instability in the Korean and other Asian financial
markets may have the effect of making the Company's products more expensive to
the Korean OEMs than those of other manufacturers whose products are priced in
one of the affected Asian currencies, and, therefore, the Korean OEMs may
reduce future purchases of the Company's products. In addition, wireless
infrastructure equipment OEMs have come under increasing price pressure from
wireless service providers, which in turn has resulted in downward pricing
pressure on the Company's products. The Company expects to incur increasing
pricing pressures from Nortel and other major OEM customers in future periods,
which could result in declining average sales prices and gross margins for the
Company's products.
Fluctuations in Operating Results. The Company's quarterly and annual
----------------------------------
results have in the past been, and will continue to be, subject to significant
fluctuations due to a number of factors, any of which could have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations. In particular, the Company's results of operations are likely to
vary due to the timing, cancellation, delay or rescheduling of OEM customer
orders and shipments; the timing of announcements or introductions of new
products by the Company, its competitors or their respective OEM customers; the
acceptance of such products by wireless equipment OEMs and their customers;
relative variations in manufacturing efficiencies, yields and costs;
competitive factors such as the pricing, availability, and demand for competing
amplification products; changes in average sales prices and product mix;
subcontractor
15
16
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
performance; variations in operating expenses; changes in
manufacturing capacity and variations in the utilization of this capacity;
shortages of key supplies; the long sales cycles associated with the Company's
customer specific products; the timing and level of product and process
development costs; changes in inventory levels; and, most recently, the
relative strength or weakness of international financial markets. Anticipated
orders from the Company's OEM customers have in the past failed to materialize
and delivery schedules have been deferred or canceled as a result of changes in
OEM customer requirements and the Company expects this pattern to continue as
customer requirements continue to change and industry standards continue to
evolve. Reduced demand for wireless infrastructure equipment in fiscal 1999
and the latter part of fiscal 1998, caused significant fluctuations in the
Company's product sales during that period of time as a result of softening
demand in the TDMA, GSM and CDMA PCS markets. There can be no assurance that
the Company will not experience such fluctuations in the future, and, in fact,
the Company experienced a significant reduction in product revenue in fiscal
1999. The Company does not believe that it will have the annual revenue growth
it experienced in fiscal 1998 or in the first nine months of fiscal 2000, in
the future, if at all. The Company establishes its expenditure levels for
product development and other operating expenses based on its expected
revenues, and expenses are relatively fixed in the short term. As a result,
variations in timing of revenues can cause significant variations in quarterly
results of operations. There can be no assurance that the Company will be
profitable on a quarter to quarter basis in the future. The Company believes
that period to period comparisons of its financial results are not necessarily
meaningful and should not be relied upon as an indication of future
performance. Due to all the foregoing factors, it is likely that in some
future quarter or quarters the Company's revenues or operating results will not
meet the expectations of public stock market analysts or investors. In such
event, the market price of the Company's Common Stock would be materially
adversely affected.
Declining Average Sales Prices. The Company has experienced, and expects
-------------------------------
to continue to experience, declining average sales prices for its products.
Wireless infrastructure equipment manufacturers have come under increasing
price pressure from wireless service providers, which in turn has resulted in
downward pricing pressure on the Company's products. In addition, competition
has increased the downward pricing pressure on the Company's products. Since
wireless infrastructure equipment manufacturers frequently negotiate supply
arrangements far in advance of delivery dates, the Company often must commit to
price reductions for its products before it is aware of how, or if, cost
reductions can be obtained. To offset declining average sales prices, the
Company believes that it must achieve manufacturing cost reductions. If the
Company is unable to achieve such cost reductions, the Company's gross margins
will decline, and such decline will have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
Product Quality, Performance and Reliability. The Company expects that
---------------------------------------------
its customers will continue to establish demanding specifications for quality,
performance and reliability that must be met by the Company's products. RF
amplifiers as complex as those offered by the Company often encounter
development delays and may contain undetected defects or failures. The Company
has from time to time in the past experienced product quality, performance or
reliability problems. In addition, multi-carrier power amplifiers have a
higher probability of malfunction than single carrier power amplifiers because
of their greater complexity. There can be no assurance that defects or
failures relating to the Company's product quality, performance and reliability
will not occur in the future that may have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
Internal Amplifier Design and Production Capabilities of OEMs. The
--------------------------------------------------------------
Company believes that a majority of the present worldwide production of power
amplifiers is captive within the manufacturing operations of wireless equipment
OEMs, many of which have chosen not to purchase amplifiers from outside
suppliers. The Company also believes that those OEMs that purchase from third
party amplifier vendors are reluctant to switch once committed to a particular
merchant vendor. Consequently, the Company has only limited opportunities to
increase revenues by replacing internal OEM amplifier production or displacing
other merchant amplifier suppliers. Moreover, given the limited opportunities
for merchant RF amplifier suppliers, any decision by an OEM to employ a second
source merchant supplier for a product currently purchased from a merchant
supplier may reduce the existing merchant supplier's ability to maintain a
given level of product sales to such OEM or, possibly, to retain the OEM as a
customer due to price competition from the second source merchant supplier.
There can be no assurance that the Company's major OEM customers will continue
to rely, or increase their reliance, on the Company as an external source of
supply for their power amplifiers, or that other wireless equipment OEMs will
become customers of the Company. If the major wireless infrastructure
equipment suppliers do not purchase or continue to purchase their power
amplifiers from merchant suppliers, the Company's business, results of
operations and financial condition will be materially adversely
16
17
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
affected. For example, the Company's failure to obtain orders for its new
products from customers other than Nortel at the level previously ordered by
Nortel or if Nortel fails to purchase similar levels of existing products,
could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Rapid Technological Change; Evolving Industry Standards; Dependence on New
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Products. The markets in which the Company and its OEM customers compete are
- ---------
characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards and
continuous improvements in products and services. In particular, because the
Company's strategy of rapidly bringing to market products customized for
numerous and evolving RF modulation standards requires developing and achieving
volume production of a large number of distinct products, the Company's ability
to rapidly design and produce individual products for which there is
significant OEM customer demand will be a critical determinant of the Company's
future success. For example, continued softening of demand in the TDMA, GSM or
CDMA PCS markets or failure of another modulation standard in which the Company
has invested substantial development resources may have a material adverse
effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations. No assurance can be given that the Company's product development
efforts will be successful, that its new products will meet customer
requirements and be accepted or that its OEM customers' product offerings will
achieve customer acceptance. If a significant number of development projects,
including the Company's new multicarrier products, do not result in substantial
volume production or if technologies or standards supported by the Company's or
its customers' products become obsolete or fail to gain widespread commercial
acceptance, the Company's business may be materially adversely affected.
Risks Associated with Internal Wafer and Device Fabrication. The
------------------------------------------------------------
Company's operation of its wafer and device fabrication facilities entails a
number of risks, including a high level of fixed and variable costs, the
management of complex processes, dependence on a single source of supply for
certain components and services, and a strict regulatory environment. During
periods of low demand, high fixed wafer fabrication costs are likely to have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations. The design and fabrication of RF semiconductors is a
complex and precise process. Such manufacturing is sensitive to a wide variety
of factors, including variations and impurities in the raw materials, quality
control of the packages, difficulties in the fabrication process, performance
of the manufacturing equipment, defects in the masks used to print circuits on
a wafer and the level of contaminants in the manufacturing environment. As a
result of these and other factors, semiconductor manufacturing yields from time
to time in the past have suffered, and there can be no assurance that the
Company will be able to achieve acceptable production yields in the future. In
addition, the Company's wafer and device fabrication facility represents a
single point of failure in its manufacturing process that would be costly and
time consuming to replace if its operation were interrupted. The interruption
of wafer fabrication operations or the loss of employees dedicated to the wafer
and device fabrication facilities could have a material adverse effect on the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Any failure
to maintain acceptable wafer and device production levels, will have a material
adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
Sole or Limited Sources of Materials and Services. The Company currently
--------------------------------------------------
procures from single sources certain components and services for its products
including, but not limited to, turnkey amplifier assemblies and specialized RF
components. The Company purchases these products, components and services on a
purchase order basis, does not carry significant inventories of these
components and does not have any long-term supply contracts with its sole
source vendors. Furthermore, the Company began outsourcing assembly of some of
its higher volume power amplifiers to a contract manufacturer during the third
quarter of fiscal 1999. The Company issues non-cancelable purchase orders to
the contract manufacturer 60 days in advance of requested delivery. The
Company's reliance on sole sources for certain components and its migration to
an outsourced, turnkey manufacturing strategy entail certain risks including
reduced control over the price, timely delivery, reliability and quality of the
components. If the Company were to change any of its sole source vendors or
contract manufacturers, the Company would be required to requalify the
components with each new vendor or contract manufacturer, respectively. Any
inability of the Company to obtain timely deliveries of components or assembled
amplifiers of acceptable quality in required quantities or a significant
increase in the prices of components for which the Company does not have
alternative sources could materially and adversely affect the Company's
business, financial condition and results of operations. The Company has
occasionally experienced difficulties in obtaining some components, and no
assurance can be given that shortages will not occur in the future.
17
18
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
Risks of International Sales. Sales outside of the United States were
-----------------------------
86%, 84% and 84% for the three months ended December 26, 1999, the nine months
ended December 26, 1999 and fiscal 1999, respectively. Sales outside of the
United States were 91%, 88% and 95% for the three months ended December 27,
1998, the nine months ended December 27, 1998 and fiscal 1998, respectively.
The Company expects that international sales will continue to account for a
significant percentage of the Company's total revenues for the foreseeable
future. These sales involve a number of inherent risks, including imposition
of government controls, currency exchange fluctuations, potential insolvency of
international distributors, representatives and customers, reduced protection
of intellectual property rights in some countries, the impact of recessionary
environments in economies outside the United States, political instability and
generally longer receivables collection periods, as well as tariffs and other
trade barriers. In addition, because substantially all of the Company's
foreign sales are denominated in U.S. dollars, increases in the value of the
dollar relative to the local currency would increase the price of the Company's
products in foreign markets and make the Company's products relatively more
expensive and less price competitive than competitors' products that are priced
in local currencies. There can be no assurance that these factors will not
have a material adverse effect on the Company's future international sales and,
consequently, on the Company's business, financial condition and results of
operations.
The Company anticipates that the current turmoil in Asian financial
markets and the deterioration of the underlying economic conditions in certain
Asian countries may have an impact on its sales to customers located in or
whose projects are based in those countries due to the impact of currency
fluctuations on the relative price of the Company's products and restrictions
on government spending imposed by the International Monetary Fund (the "IMF")
on those countries receiving the IMF's assistance. In addition, customers in
those countries may face reduced access to working capital to fund component
purchases, such as the Company's products, due to higher interest rates,
reduced bank lending due to contractions in the money supply or the
deterioration in the customer's or its bank's financial condition or the
inability to access local equity financing. A substantial majority of the
Company's products are sold to OEMs who incorporate the Company's products into
systems sold and installed to end-user customers. These OEMs are not required
by contract and do not typically provide the Company with information regarding
the location and identity of their end-user customers, and, therefore, the
Company is not able to determine what portion of its product sales have been or
future orders will be incorporated into OEM sales to end-users in those Asian
countries currently experiencing financial market turmoil and/or deterioration
of economic conditions. Furthermore, a large portion of the Company's existing
customers and potential new customers are servicing new markets in developing
countries that the Company's customers expect will deploy wireless
communication networks as an alternative to the construction of a wireline
infrastructure. If such countries decline to construct wireless communication
systems, or construction of such systems is delayed for any reason, including
business and economic conditions and changes in economic stability due to
factors such as increased inflation and political turmoil, such delays could
have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations.
Reliance upon Growth of Wireless Services. Sales of power amplifiers to
------------------------------------------
wireless infrastructure equipment suppliers have in the past accounted, and are
expected in the future to account, for substantially all of the Company's
product sales. Demand for wireless infrastructure equipment is driven by
demand for wireless service. Although demand for power amplifiers has grown in
recent years, if demand for wireless services fails to increase or increases
more slowly than the Company or its OEM customers currently anticipate, the
Company's business, financial condition and results of operations would be
materially and adversely affected.
Market for the Company's Products Is Highly Competitive. The wireless
--------------------------------------------------------
communications equipment industry is extremely competitive and is characterized
by rapid technological change, new product development and product
obsolescence, evolving industry standards and significant price erosion over
the life of a product. The ability of the Company to compete successfully and
sustain profitability depends in part upon the rates at which wireless
equipment OEMs incorporate the Company's products into their systems and the
Company captures market share from other merchant suppliers.
The Company's major OEM customers, including Nortel, LGIC and QUALCOMM,
continuously evaluate whether to manufacture their own amplification products
or purchase them from outside sources. There can be no assurance that these
OEM customers will incorporate the Company's products into their systems or
that in general they will continue to rely, or expand their reliance, on
external sources of supply for their power amplifiers. These
18
19
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
customers and other large manufacturers of wireless communications equipment
could also elect to enter the merchant market and compete directly with the
Company, and at least one OEM, NEC, has already done so. Such increased
competition could materially adversely affect the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations.
The Company's principal competitors in the market for wireless
amplification products provided by merchant suppliers currently include AML
Communications, Amplidyne, Microwave Power Devices, NEC and Powerwave
Technologies. No assurance can be given that the Company's competitors will
not develop new technologies or enhancements to existing products or introduce
new products that will offer superior price or performance features compared to
the Company's products.
Uncertain Protection of Intellectual Property. The Company's ability to
----------------------------------------------
compete successfully and achieve future revenue growth will depend, in part, on
its ability to protect its proprietary technology and operate without
infringing the rights of others. The Company has a policy of seeking patents
on inventions resulting from its ongoing research and development activities.
There can be no assurance that the Company's pending patent applications will
be allowed or that the issued or pending patents will not be challenged or
circumvented by competitors. Notwithstanding the Company's active pursuit of
patent protection, the Company believes that the success of its business
depends more on the collective value of its patents, specifications, computer
aided design and modeling tools, technical processes and employee expertise.
The Company generally enters into confidentiality and nondisclosure agreements
with its employees, suppliers, OEM customers, and potential customers and
limits access to and distribution of its proprietary technology. However,
there can be no assurance that such measures will provide adequate protection
for the Company's trade secrets or other proprietary information, or that the
Company's trade secrets or proprietary technology will not otherwise become
known or be independently developed by competitors. The failure of the Company
to protect its proprietary technology could have a material adverse effect on
its business, financial condition and results of operations.
Risk of Third Party Claims of Infringement. The communications equipment
-------------------------------------------
industry is characterized by vigorous protection and pursuit of intellectual
property rights or positions, which have resulted in significant and often
protracted and expensive litigation. Although there is currently no pending
intellectual property litigation against the Company, the Company or its
suppliers may from time to time be notified of claims that the Company may be
infringing patents or other intellectual property rights owned by third
parties. If it is necessary or desirable, the Company may seek licenses under
such patents or other intellectual property rights. However, there can be no
assurance that licenses will be offered or that the terms of any offered
licenses will be acceptable to the Company. The failure to obtain a license
from a third party for technology used by the Company or otherwise secure
rights to use such technology could cause the Company to incur substantial
liabilities, to suspend the manufacture of products or expend significant
resources to develop noninfringing technology. There can be no assurance that
the Company would be successful in such development or that such licenses would
be available on reasonable terms, if at all. In the event that any third party
makes a successful claim against the Company or its customers and either a
license is not made available to the Company on commercially reasonable terms
or a "design around" is not practicable, the Company's business, financial
condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.
Furthermore, the Company may initiate claims or litigation against third
parties for infringement of the Company's proprietary rights or to establish
the validity of the Company's proprietary rights. Litigation by or against the
Company could result in significant expense to the Company and divert the
efforts of the Company's technical and management personnel, whether or not
such litigation results in a favorable determination for the Company. In the
event of an adverse result in any such litigation, the Company could be
required to pay substantial damages, indemnify its customers, cease the
manufacture, use and sale of infringing products, expend significant resources
to develop noninfringing technology, discontinue the use of certain processes
or obtain licenses to the infringing technology.
Government Regulation of Communications Industry. Radio frequency
-------------------------------------------------
transmissions and emissions, and certain equipment used in connection therewith
are regulated in the United States, Canada and throughout the rest of the
world. Regulatory approvals generally must be obtained by the Company in
connection with the manufacture and sale of its products, and by wireless
service providers to operate the Company's products. The United States Federal
Communications Commission (the "FCC") and regulatory authorities abroad
constantly review RF emission issues and promulgate standards based on such
reviews. If more stringent RF emission regulations are adopted, the
19
20
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
Company and its OEM customers may be required to alter the manner in which
radio signals are transmitted or otherwise alter the equipment transmitting
such signals, which could materially adversely affect the Company's products
and markets. The enactment by federal, state, local or international
governments of new laws or regulations or a change in the interpretation of
existing regulations could also materially adversely affect the market for the
Company's products. Although deregulation of international communications
industries along with radio frequency spectrum allocations made by the FCC have
increased the potential demand for the Company's products by providing users of
those products with opportunities to establish new wireless personal
communications services, there can be no assurance that the trend toward
deregulation and current regulatory developments favorable to the promotion of
new and expanded personal communications services will continue or that other
future regulatory changes will have a positive impact on the Company. The
increasing demand for wireless communications has exerted pressure on
regulatory bodies worldwide to adopt new standards for such products, generally
following extensive investigation of and deliberation over competing
technologies. The delays inherent in this governmental approval process have
in the past caused, and may in the future cause, the cancellation, postponement
or rescheduling of the installation of communications systems by the Company's
OEM customers. These delays have had in the past, and in the future may have,
a material adverse effect on the sale of products by the Company to such OEM
customers.
Environmental Regulations. The Company is subject to a variety of local,
--------------------------
state and federal governmental regulations relating to the storage, discharge,
handling, emission, generation, manufacture and disposal of toxic or other
hazardous substances used to manufacture the Company's products. The Company
believes that it is currently in compliance in all material respects with such
regulations and that it has obtained all necessary environmental permits to
conduct its business. Nevertheless, the failure to comply with current or
future regulations could result in the imposition of substantial fines on the
Company, suspension of production, alteration of its manufacturing processes or
cessation of operations. Compliance with such regulations could require the
Company to acquire expensive remediation equipment or to incur substantial
expenses. Any failure by the Company to control the use, disposal, removal or
storage of, or to adequately restrict the discharge of, or assist in the
cleanup of, hazardous or toxic substances, could subject the Company to
significant liabilities, including joint and several liabilities under certain
statutes. The imposition of such liabilities could materially adversely affect
the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
Management of Growth; Dependence on Key Personnel. The Company's business
--------------------------------------------------
has placed, and is expected to continue to place, a significant strain on the
Company's personnel, management and other resources. The Company's ability to
manage any future growth effectively will require it to attract, motivate,
manage and retain new employees successfully, to integrate new employees into
its overall operations and in particular its manufacturing operations, to
retain the continued service of its key technical, marketing and management
personnel, and to continue to improve its operational, financial and management
information systems. Although the Company has employment contracts with
several of its executive officers, these agreements do not obligate such
individuals to remain in the employment of the Company. The Company does not
maintain key person life insurance on any of its key technical personnel. The
competition for such personnel is intense. The Company has experienced loss of
key employees in the past and could in the future. Such losses could have a
material adverse effect on the Company.
Volatility of Stock Price. The market price of the shares of Common Stock
--------------------------
has been and is likely to continue to be highly volatile, and is affected
significantly by factors such as fluctuations in the Company's operating
results, announcements of technological innovations, new customer contracts or
new products by the Company or its competitors, announcements by the Company's
customers regarding their business or prospects, changes in analysts'
expectations, governmental regulatory action, developments with respect to
patents or proprietary rights, general market conditions and other factors. In
addition, the stock market has from time to time experienced significant price
and volume fluctuations that are unrelated to the operating performance of
particular companies. The market price of the Company's Common Stock has
fluctuated significantly in the past. During fiscal 1998, the market price
fluctuated from a low of $10.75 to a high of $66.375. During fiscal 1999, the
market price fluctuated from a low of $8.00 to a high of $20.675. During the
first three quarters of fiscal 2000, the market price of the Company's Common
Stock fluctuated from a low of $8.875 to a high of $35.250. On February 7,
2000, the last reported sale price of the Common Stock as reported on the
NASDAQ National Market was $22.5625.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
Pending Litigation. Since December 23, 1997, a number of complaints have
-------------------
been filed against the Company and certain of its officers in the Federal Court
for the Northern District of California that allege violations of the federal
securities laws. Similar complaints have been filed in California State court
that allege violations of California State securities laws and California
common law. The complaints have been consolidated in the federal and state
courts, respectively. The plaintiffs in both the federal and state lawsuits
purport to represent a class of persons who purchased the Company's securities
during the period of July 17, 1997 through October 23, 1997. The complaints
allege that the Company and certain of its officers misled the investing public
regarding the financial prospects of the Company. The Company believes that
the allegations are completely without merit and will vigorously defend itself.
Certain provisions of the Company's Certificate of Incorporation and
indemnification agreements between the Company and its officers require the
Company to advance to such officers ongoing legal expenses of defending the
suits and may require the Company to indemnify them against judgments rendered
on certain claims. The Company expects to incur significant legal expenses on
its behalf and on behalf of such officers in connection with this litigation.
In addition, defending this litigation has resulted and will likely continue to
result in the diversion of management's attention from the day to day
operations of the Company's business. Although the Company does not believe
that it or any of its officers has engaged in any wrongdoing, there can be no
assurance that this stockholder litigation will be resolved in the Company's
favor. An adverse result, settlement or prolonged litigation could have a
material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and
results of operations.
Shareholder Rights Plan; Issuance of Preferred Stock. The Board of
-----------------------------------------------------
Directors of the Company adopted a Shareholder Rights Plan in October 1996 (the
"Rights Plan"). Pursuant to the Rights Plan, the Board declared a dividend of
one Preferred Stock Purchase Right per share of Common Stock (the "Rights") and
each such Right has an exercise price of $126.00. The Rights become
exercisable upon the occurrence of certain events, including the announcement
of a tender offer or exchange offer for the Company's Common Stock or the
acquisition of a specified percentage of the Company's Common Stock by a third
party. The exercise of the Rights could have the effect of delaying, deferring
or preventing a change in control of the Company, including, without
limitation, discouraging a proxy contest or making more difficult the
acquisition of a substantial block of the Company's Common Stock. These
provisions could also limit the price that investors might be willing to pay in
the future for shares of the Company's Common Stock. The Board of Directors
has the authority to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of undesignated Preferred
Stock and to determine the powers, preferences and rights and the
qualifications, limitations or restrictions granted to or imposed upon any
wholly unissued shares of undesignated Preferred Stock and to fix the number of
shares constituting any series and the designation of such series, without any
further vote or action by the Company's stockholders. For example, in
connection with the Company's Shareholder Rights Plan, the Board of Directors
designated 20,000 shares of Preferred Stock as Series A Participating Preferred
Stock although none of such shares have been issued. The Preferred Stock could
be issued with voting, liquidation, dividend and other rights superior to those
of the holders of Common Stock. The issuance of Preferred Stock under certain
circumstances could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a
change in control of the Company.
Year 2000 Readiness
Many installed computer programs were written using a two-digit date field
rather than a four-digit date field to define the applicable year. Such
computer programs utilizing a two-digit date field may recognize a date using
"00" as the year 1900 rather than the year 2000 (the "Year 2000 Issue"). The
Year 2000 Issue could potentially result in a system failure or in
miscalculations causing disruptions of operations, including among other
things, a temporary inability to process transactions, send invoices or engage
in other similar normal business activities.
To date, the Company has not experienced disruptions in its business
related to the Year 2000 Issue. However, the Company cannot provide any
assurance that no Year 2000 Issues will impact its systems, products or other
aspects of its business in the future. The Company has taken steps to address
the Year 2000 Issue in the following three areas: 1) the Company's internal
systems, 2) the Company's products and 3) the Company's suppliers. All
networks, desktops, application servers and operating systems have been found
compliant and/or remediation is complete. With respect to business applications
software, the Company installed a new enterprise wide computer software system
in July 1998 that has been tested and is Year 2000 compliant. The Company also
initiated a project in September 1998 to assess the extent of the Year 2000
Issue in the remaining business systems
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
and in the embedded systems used in its product development and manufacturing
operations. Until very recently the Company's products did not contain
embedded systems to which Year 2000 compliance would be necessary. The
Company's latest multicarrier product does include date stamp functionality and
has been determined to be Year 2000 compliant. All of the new products are
being manufactured using only hardware, software, or firmware that is currently
Year 2000 compliant. In addition, certain of the materials and supplies
critical to production and delivery of the Company's products are furnished by
a limited number of suppliers, and in some cases a sole supplier. Key suppliers
to the Company and its contract manufacturer, GSS/Array Technology, have not
experienced disruptions in their business related to the Year 2000 Issue.
However, the Company cannot provide any assurance that no Year 2000 Issue will
effect its suppliers or contract manufacturer in the future. The Company
estimates that the costs of the Year 2000 Issue assessment and required
remedial work was approximately $350,000 in total. Substantially all necessary
remedial work was completed by the end of December 1999.
The Company believes that any disruptions to its business from the Year
2000 Issue could have a material impact on operating expenses, but that the
effect on revenues would not be material. The most likely effect of failures
related to the Year 2000 Issue would be:
1) Business systems - Overtime work required of Company employees and the
----------------
temporary use of outside resources, to repair failed software and
process transactions manually until repairs are completed.
2) Embedded systems - Overtime work required of Company employees to
----------------
shift work from machines and processes with failures to machines that
continue to operate properly, and the temporary use of outside
resources to repair failed machines and processes. Also, there could
be delays in product delivery where a product is dependent on a single
production line.
3) Company products - Overtime work required of Company employees to
----------------
deliver corrections to any new or existing products.
4) Contract Manufacturer - Spectrian will reactivate its Sunnyvale
---------------------
production facility to bridge the shortfall in the event the contract
manufacturer cannot produce and deliver products. A predefined
quantity of buffer stock will offset the Sunnyvale facility's ramp up
period.
The Company believes these failures to be unlikely. Periodic updates
regarding the Year 2000 status are provided to both the Company's executive
staff and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. The Company also
recognized the need for contingency planning, and had such plans in place by
December 1999. These plans included stockpiling of components or semi-finished
products to avoid product shipment delays.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company develops products in the United States and market its products
in North America, Europe and the Asia-Pacific region. Thus, the financial
results could be affected by factors such as changes in foreign currency
exchange rates or weak economic conditions in foreign markets. As all sales
are currently made in U.S. dollars, a strengthening of the dollar could make
the Company's products less competitive in foreign markets.
The Company's exposure to market rate risk for changes in interest rates
relate primarily to its investment portfolio and outstanding debt balances.
The Company does not hold derivative financial instruments in its investment
portfolio. The Company places its investments with high quality institutions
and limits the amount of credit exposure to any one issuer. The Company is
averse to principal loss and ensures the safety and preservation of its
invested funds by limiting default, market and reinvestment risk. The Company
classifies its short-term investments as "fixed-rate" if the rate of return on
such instruments remains fixed over their term. These "fixed-rate" investments
include fixed-rate U.S. government securities and corporate obligations with
contractual maturity dates ranging from less than one year to greater than 10
years. The table below presents the amounts and related weighted interest
rates of the Company's short-term investments at December 26, 1999 and March
31, 1999 (dollars in thousands).
December 26, March 31,
1999 1999
------------ ------------
Average fixed interest rate 6.2% 6.6%
============ ============
Amortized cost $ 36,680 $ 36,280
============ ============
Fair value $ 36,116 $ 36,417
============ ============
Contractual maturity dates:
Less than 1 year $ 7,650 $ --
1 to 5 years 24,966 28,117
5 to 10 years -- --
Greater than 10 years 3,500 8,300
------------ ------------
$ 36,116 $ 36,417
============ ============
At December 26, 1999 the Company had variable rate debt of $2.1 million at
a rate equal to the Treasury Rate plus 2.75%. A hypothetical 10 percent change
in interest rates would not have a material impact on the fair market value of
this debt. The Company does not hedge any interest rate exposures.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Since December 23, 1997, a number of complaints have been filed against
the Company and certain of its officers in the Federal Court for the Northern
District of California that allege violations of the federal securities laws.
Similar complaints have been filed in California state court that allege
violations of California state securities laws and California common law. The
complaints have been consolidated in the federal and state courts,
respectively. The plaintiffs in both the federal and state lawsuits purport to
represent a class of persons who purchased the Company's securities during the
period of July 17, 1997 through October 23, 1997. The complaints allege that
the Company and certain of its officers misled the investing public regarding
the financial prospects of the Company. The Company believes that the
allegations are completely without merit and will vigorously defend itself.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(a) Exhibits
--------
Exhibit
Number Description
------- --------------------------------------------------------
27.1 Financial Data Schedule.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K. The Company did not file any Reports on Form 8-K
- --------------------
during the quarter ended December 26, 1999.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the ]
undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
SPECTRIAN CORPORATION
(Registrant)
Dated: February 9, 2000 By: /s/ MICHAEL D. ANGEL
-------------------------
Michael D. Angel
Executive Vice President,
Finance and Administration,
Chief Financial Officer and Secretary
(Authorized Officer and
Principal Financial Officer)
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Sequentially
Exhibits Description Numbered Page
- -------- ----------------------------------------------- --------------
27.1 Financial Data Schedule 27
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