EXHIBIT 3.4(ii)

                           MONCHEM INTERNATIONAL, INC.

                              * * * * * * * * * * *

                                  B Y - L A W S

                       Amended and Restated March 10, 2000

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                                    ARTICLE I

                                     OFFICES

         Section 1.    The registered office shall be in the City of
Wilmington, County of New Castle, State of Delaware.

         Section 2.    The corporation may also have offices at such other
places both within and without the State of Delaware as the board of
directors may from time to time determine or the business of the corporation
may require.

                                   ARTICLE II

                            MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

         Section 1.    All meetings of the stockholders for the election of
directors shall be held in the County of St. Louis, State of Missouri, at
such place as may be fixed from time to time by the board of directors, or
at such other place either within or without the State of Delaware as shall
be designated from time to time by the board of directors and stated in the
notice of the meeting. Meetings of stockholders for any other purpose may be
held at such time and place, within or without the State of Delaware, as
shall be stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of
notice thereof.

         Section 2.    Annual meetings of stockholders, commencing with the
year 1998, shall be held on the second Friday of February, if not a legal
holiday, and if a legal holiday, then on the next secular day following at
such time as shall be designated from time to time by the board of directors
and stated in the notice of the meeting, at which they shall elect by a
plurality vote a





board of directors, and transact such other business as may properly be
brought before the meeting.

         Section 3.    Written notice of the annual meeting stating the
place, date and hour of the meeting shall be given to each stockholder
entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten nor more than sixty days
before the date of the meeting.

         Section 4.    The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the
corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting
of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the
meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each
stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each
stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder,
for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for
a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either at a place within
the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in
the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the
meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time
and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected
by any stockholder who is present.

         Section 5.    Special meetings of the stockholders, for any purpose
or purposes, unless otherwise prescribed by statute or by the certificate of
incorporation, may be called by the president and shall be called by the
president or secretary at the request in writing of a majority of the board
of directors, or at the request in writing of stockholders owning a majority
in amount of the entire capital stock of the corporation issued and
outstanding and entitled to vote. Such request shall state the purpose or
purposes of the proposed meeting.

         Section 6.    Written notice of a special meeting stating the place,
date and hour of the meeting and purpose or purposes for which the meeting
is called, shall be given not less than ten nor more than sixty days before
the date of the meeting, to each stockholder entitled to vote at such
meeting.

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         Section 7.    Business transacted at any special meeting of
stockholders shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice.

         Section 8.    The holders of a majority of the stock issued and
outstanding and entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented
by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for
the transaction of business except as otherwise provided by statute or by
the certificate of incorporation. If, however, such quorum shall not be
present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders
entitled to vote thereat, present in person or represented by proxy, shall
have power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other
than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or
represented. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or
represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted
at the meeting as originally notified. If the adjournment is for more than
thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the
adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each
stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.

         Section 9.    When a quorum is present at any meeting, the vote of
the holders of a majority of the stock having voting power, present in person
or represented by proxy, shall decide any question brought before such
meeting, unless the question is one upon which by express provision of the
statutes or of the certificate of incorporation a different vote is required,
in which case such express provision shall govern and control the decision of
such question.

         Section 10.   Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of
incorporation each stockholder shall at every meeting of the stockholders be
entitled to one vote in person or by proxy for each share of the capital
stock having voting power held by such stockholder, but no proxy shall be
voted on after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a
longer period.

         Section 11.   Unless otherwise provided in the certificate of
incorporation, any action required to be taken at any annual or special
meeting of stockholders of the corporation, or any action which may be
taken at any annual or special meeting of such stockholders, may be taken

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without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in
writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders
of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that
would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which
all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of
the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous
written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented
in writing.

                                   ARTICLE III

                                    DIRECTORS


         Section 1.    The number of directors which shall constitute the
whole board shall be not less than three (3) nor more than five (5). The
first board shall consist of three (3) directors. Thereafter, within the
limits above specified, the number of directors shall be determined by
resolution of the board of directors or by the stockholders at the annual
meeting. The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of stockholders
except as provided in Section 2 of this Article, and each director elected
shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified, or until his
earlier death, resignation or removal. Directors need not be stockholders.

         Section 2.    Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting
from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a
majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a
sole remaining director or by a majority of the shareholders, and the
directors so chosen shall hold office until the next annual election and
until their successors are duly elected and shall qualify, unless sooner
displaced. Any director may be removed at any time with or without cause by
the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining directors then in office,
though less than a quorum.

         Section 3.    The business of the corporation shall be managed by or
under the direction of its board of directors which may exercise all such
powers of the corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are now
by statute or by the certificate of incorporation or by these by-laws
directed or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders.


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                     MEETINGS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

         Section 4.    The board of directors of the corporation may hold
meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of
Delaware.

         Section 5.    The first meeting of each newly elected board of
directors shall be held at such time and place as shall be fixed by the vote
of the stockholders at the annual meeting and no notice of such meeting to
the newly elected directors shall be necessary in order legally to constitute
the meeting provided a quorum shall be present. In the event of the failure
of the stockholders to fix the time or place of such first meeting of the
newly elected board of directors, or in the event such meeting is not held at
the time and place so fixed by the stockholders, the meeting may be held at
such time and place as shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter
provided for special meetings of the board of directors, or as shall be
specified in a written waiver signed by all of the directors.

         Section 6.    Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held
without notice at such time and at such place as shall from time to time be
determined by the board.

         Section 7.    Special meetings of the board may be called by the
president on three (3) days' notice to each director, either personally or
by mail or 12 hours' notice by facsimile communication; special meetings
shall be called by the president or secretary in like manner and on like
notice on the written request of two directors unless the board consists of
only one director, in which case special meetings shall be called by the
president or secretary in like manner and on like notice on the written
request of the sole director.

         Section 8.    At all meetings of the board two (2) of the total
number of directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of
business, and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting
at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the board of directors, except
as may be otherwise specifically provided by statute or by the certificate of
incorporation. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the board
of directors, the directors present

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thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than
announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present.

         Section 9.    Any action required or permitted to be taken at any
meeting of the board of directors, or of any committee thereof may be taken
without a meeting if all members of the board or committee, as the case may
be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with
the minutes of proceedings of the board or committee.

         Section 10.   Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of
incorporation or these by-laws, members of the board of directors, or any
committee designated by the board of directors, may participate in a meeting
of the board of directors, or any committee, by means of conference
telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons
participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in
a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.

                             COMMITTEES OF DIRECTORS

         Section 11.   The board of directors may designate one or more
committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the
corporation. The board may designate one or more directors as alternate
members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member
at any meeting of the committee.

         In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the
member or members present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting,
whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously
appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting in the
place of any such absent or disqualified member.

         Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the
board of directors, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority
of the board of directors in the management of the business and affairs of
the corporation, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed
to all papers which may require it; but no such committee shall have the


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power or authority in reference to the following matters: (i) approving or
adopting, or recommending to the stockholders, any action or matter expressly
required by the General Corporation Law of Delaware to be submitted to
stockholders for approval or (ii) adopting, amending or repealing any by-law
of the corporation. Such committee or committees shall have such name or
names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the
board of directors.

         Section 12.   Each committee shall keep regular minutes of its
meetings and report the same to the board of directors when required.

                            COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS

         Section 13.   Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of
incorporation or these by-laws, the board of directors shall have the
authority to fix the compensation of directors. The directors may be paid
their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the board of
directors and may be paid a fixed sum for attendance at each meeting of the
board of directors or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall
preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity and
receiving compensation therefor. Members of special or standing committees
may be allowed like compensation for attending committee meetings.

                              REMOVAL OF DIRECTORS

         Section 14.   Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of
incorporation or by-law, any director or the entire board of directors may be
removed, with or without cause, by the holders of a majority of shares
entitled to vote at an election of directors.

                                   ARTICLE IV

                                     NOTICES

         Section 1.    Whenever, under the provisions of the statutes or of
the certificate of incorporation or of these by-laws, notice is required to
be given to any director or stockholder, it

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shall not be construed to mean personal notice, but such notice may be given
in writing, by mail, addressed to such director or stockholder at his
address as it appears on the records of the corporation, with postage
thereon prepaid, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time
when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail. Notice to
directors may also be given by facsimile transmission, electronic mail,
telecopier, telegram or telex or telephoned or delivered to the director
personally.

         Section 2.    Whenever any notice is required to be given under the
provisions of the statutes or of the certificate of incorporation or of these
by-laws, a waiver thereof in writing signed by the person or persons entitled
to said notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be
deemed equivalent thereto.

                                    ARTICLE V

                                    OFFICERS

         Section 1.    The officers of the corporation shall be chosen by the
board of directors and shall be a president, a vice president, a secretary
and a treasurer. The board of directors may also choose additional vice
presidents, and one or more assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers.
Any number of offices may be held by the same person, unless the certificate
of incorporation or these by-laws otherwise provide.

         Section 2.    The board of directors at its first meeting after such
annual meeting of stockholders shall choose a president, one or more vice
presidents, a secretary and a treasurer.

         Section 3.    The board of directors may appoint such other officers
and agents as it shall deem necessary, who shall hold their offices for such
terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be
determined from time to time by the board.

         Section 4.    The salaries of all officers and agents of the
corporation shall be fixed by the board of directors.

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         Section 5.    The officers of the corporation shall hold office
until their successors are chosen and qualify. Any officer elected or
appointed by the board of directors may be removed at any time with or
without cause by the affirmative vote of a majority of the board of directors
then in office, though less than a quorum. Any vacancy occurring shall be
filled by the board of directors.

                                THE PRESIDENT

         Section 6.    The president shall be the chief executive officer of
the corporation, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the
board of directors, shall be ex-officio a member of all standing committees,
shall have general and active management of the business of the corporation
and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the board of directors are
carried into effect.

                             THE VICE PRESIDENTS

         Section 7.    In the absence of the president or in the event of his
inability or refusal to act, the vice president (or in the event there be
more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order designated by
the directors, or in the absence of any designation, then in the order of
their election) shall perform the duties of the president, and when so acting
shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the
president. The vice presidents shall perform such other duties and have such
other powers as the board of directors may from time to time prescribe.

                   THE SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARIES

         Section 8.    The secretary shall attend all meetings of the board of
directors and all meetings of the stockholders and record all the proceedings
of the meetings of the corporation and of the board of directors in a book to
be kept for that purpose, and shall perform like duties for the standing
committees when required. He shall give or cause to be given, notice of all
meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the board of directors,
and shall perform

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such other duties as may be prescribed by the board of directors or
president, under whose supervision he shall be. He shall have custody of the
corporate seal of the corporation and he, or an assistant secretary, shall
have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it, and when so
affixed it may be attested by his signature or by the signature of such
assistant secretary. The board of directors may give general authority to
any other officer to affix the seal of the corporation and to attest the
affixing by his signature.

         Section 9.    The assistant secretary, or if there be more than one,
the assistant secretaries in the order determined by the board of directors
(or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their election),
shall, in the absence of the secretary or in the event of his inability or
refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the secretary
and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the board
of directors may from time to time prescribe.

                    THE TREASURER AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS

         Section 10.   The treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate
funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts
and disbursements in books belonging to the corporation and shall deposit
all monies and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the
corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the board of
directors.

         Section 11.   He shall disburse the funds of the corporation as may
be ordered by the board of directors, taking proper vouchers for such
disbursements, and shall render to the board of directors, when the board of
directors so requires, an account of all his transactions as treasurer and
of the financial condition of the corporation.

         Section 12.   If required by the board of directors, he shall give
the corporation a bond (which shall be renewed every six years) in such sum
and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the board of
directors for the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for
the restoration to the corporation, in case of his death, resignation,
retirement or removal from

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office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever
kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the corporation.

         Section 13.   The assistant treasurer, or if there shall be more
than one, the assistant treasurers in the order determined by the board of
directors (or if there be no such determination, then in the order of their
election), shall, in the absence of the treasurer or in the event of his
inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of
the treasurer and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers
as the board of directors may from time to time prescribe.

                                  ARTICLE VI

                            CERTIFICATES OF STOCK

         Section 1.    The shares of the corporation shall be represented by
a certificate or shall be uncertificated. Certificates shall be signed by, or
in the name of the corporation by, the president or a vice president, and by
the treasurer or an assistant treasurer, or the secretary or an assistant
secretary of the corporation.

         Section 2.    Any of or all the signatures on a certificate may be
facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed
or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have
ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such
certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with the same
effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date
of issue.

                              LOST CERTIFICATES

         Section 3.    The board of directors may direct a new certificate or
certificates or uncertificated shares to be issued in place of any
certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the corporation alleged to
have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that
fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or
destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates
or uncertificated shares, the board of

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directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the
issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed
certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to advertise the
same in such manner as it shall require and/or to give the corporation a
bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be
made against the corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have
been lost, stolen or destroyed.

                               TRANSFERS OF STOCK

         Section 4.    Upon surrender to the corporation or the transfer
agent of the corporation of a certificate for shares duly endorsed or
accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to
transfer, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate
to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the
transaction upon its books. Upon receipt of proper transfer instructions from
the registered owner of uncertificated shares, such uncertificated shares
shall be cancelled and issuance of new equivalent uncertificated shares or
certificated shares shall be made to the person entitled thereto and the
transaction shall be recorded upon the books of the corporation.

                               FIXING RECORD DATE

         Section 5.    In order that the corporation may determine the
stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders
or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to corporate action in
writing without a meeting, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or
other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any
rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the
purpose of any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix, in
advance a record date, which shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten
days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to any
other action. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice
of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of
the meeting; provided, however, that the board of directors may fix a new
record date for the adjourned meeting.


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                             REGISTERED STOCKHOLDERS

         Section 6.    The corporation shall be entitled to recognize the
exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to
receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls
and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and
shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest
in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it
shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by
the laws of Delaware.

                                   ARTICLE VII

                               GENERAL PROVISIONS

                                    DIVIDENDS

         Section 1.    Dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation,
subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation, if any, may
be declared by the board of directors at any regular or special meeting,
pursuant to law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property or in shares of
the capital stock, subject to the provisions of the certificate of
incorporation.

         Section 2.    Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside
out of any funds of the corporation available for dividends such sum or sums
as the directors, from time to time in their absolute discretion, think
proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies or for equalizing
dividends or for repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation,
or for such other purpose as the directors shall think conducive to the
interest of the corporation, and the directors may modify or abolish any
such reserve in the manner in which it was created.

                                ANNUAL STATEMENT

         Section 3.    The board of directors shall, when called for by the
vote of the stockholders, present a full and clear statement of the business
and condition of the corporation.

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                                     CHECKS

         Section 4.    All checks or demands for money and notes of the
corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person
or persons as the board of directors may from time to time designate.

                                   FISCAL YEAR

         Section 5.    The fiscal year of the corporation shall be the
calendar year.

                                      SEAL

         Section 6.    The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the
name of the corporation and the words "Corporate Seal, Delaware." The seal
may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed
or reproduced or otherwise.

                                 INDEMNIFICATION

         Section 7(a). The corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless, to
the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as it presently exists or may
hereafter be amended, any person who was or is made or is threatened to be
made a party or is otherwise involved in any claim, action, suit, or
proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative
(a "proceeding") by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person for whom
he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director, officer, or
employee of the corporation or is or was serving at the request of the
corporation as a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of another
corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, non-profit entity, or
other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans,
against all liability and loss suffered and expenses (including attorneys'
fees) reasonably incurred by such person. The corporation shall indemnify
any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding
initiated by such person or a claim made by such person against the
corporation only if such proceeding or claim was authorized by the board of
directors of the corporation.

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         Section 7(b). The corporation shall pay the expenses of each person
referred to in Section 7(a) of this Article VII incurred in defending any
proceeding in advance of its final disposition, such advances to be paid by
the corporation within 30 days after the receipt by the corporation of a
statement or statements from the claimant requesting such advance or advances
from time to time; provided, however, that, if the General Corporation Law of
the State of Delaware requires, the advancement of such expenses incurred by
a director or officer in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and
not, unless otherwise required by law, in any other capacity in which service
was or is rendered by such person while a director or officer, including,
without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) prior to the final
disposition of a proceeding, shall be made only upon delivery to the
corporation of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer, to
repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that such
director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified under Section 7 of this
Article VII or otherwise.

         Section 7(c). The right to indemnification conferred in Section 7 of
this Article VII and the right to be paid by the corporation the expenses
incurred in connection with any such proceeding in advance of its final
disposition conferred in Section 7 of this Article VII each shall be a
contract right.

         Section 7(d). To obtain indemnification under Section 7 of this
Article VII, a claimant shall submit to the corporation a written request,
including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is
reasonably available to the claimant and is reasonably necessary to determine
whether and to what extent the claimant is entitled to indemnification.

         Section 7(e). If a claim for indemnification under Section 7(a) of
this Article VII or a claim for payment of expenses under Section 7(b) of
this Article VII is not paid in full by the corporation within 30 days after
a written claim pursuant to Section 7(d) of this Article VII has been
received by the corporation, the claimant may at any time thereafter bring
suit against the corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and,
if successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall be entitled to be paid
also the expense of prosecuting such claim. It shall be a

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defense to any such action (other than actions brought to enforce a claim
for expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final
disposition where the required undertaking, if any is required, has been
tendered to the corporation) that the claimant has not met the standard of
conduct which makes it permissible under the General Corporation Law of the
state of Delaware for the corporation to indemnify the claimant for the
amount claimed, but the burden of proving such defense shall be on the
corporation.

         Section 7(f). The rights conferred on any person by Section 7 of
this Article VII shall not be exclusive of any other rights which such person
may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the certificate
of incorporation, these by-laws, agreement, vote of stockholders or
disinterested directors or otherwise.

         Section 7(g). Any repeal or modification of the foregoing provisions
of Section 7 of this Article VII shall not adversely affect any right or
protection hereunder of any person with respect to any act or omission
occurring prior to or at the time of such repeal or modification.

         Section 7(h). The corporation may, to the extent authorized from
time to time by the board of directors, grant rights to indemnification, and
rights to be paid by the corporation the expenses incurred in defending any
proceeding in advance of its final disposition, to any agent of the
corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of Section 7 of this
Article VII with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses
of directors, officers and employees of the corporation.

         Section 7(i). Any notice, request or other communication required or
permitted to be given to the corporation under Section 7 of this Article VII
shall be in writing and either delivered in person or sent by telecopy,
telex, telegram, overnight mail or courier service, or certified or
registered mail, postage prepaid, return receipt requested, to the Secretary
of the corporation.

         Section 7(j). If any provision or provisions of Section 7 of this
Article VII shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any
reason whatsoever: (1) the validity, legality and

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enforceability of the remaining provisions of Section 7 of this Article VII
(including without limitation, each portion of any subsection of this
Section 7 containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and
(2) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of Section 7 of this
Article VII (including, without limitation, each such portion of any
subsection of this Section 7 containing any such provision held to be
invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect
to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or
unenforceable.


                                     PROXIES

         Section 8.    Unless otherwise provided by resolution adopted by
the Board of Directors, the President, the Secretary, or any Assistant
Secretary of the Company, may from time to time appoint an attorney or
attorneys or agent or agents of the Company, in the name and on behalf of the
Company, to cast the votes which the Company may be entitled to cast as the
holder of stock or other securities in any other corporation, any of whose
stock or other securities may be held by the Company, at meetings of the
holders of the stock or other securities of such other corporation, or to
consent in writing, in the name of the Company as such holder, to any action
by such other corporation, and may instruct the person or persons so
appointed as to the manner of casting such votes or giving such consent, and
may execute or cause to be executed in the name and on behalf of the Company
and under its corporate seal or otherwise, all such written proxies or other
instruments as he may deem necessary or proper in the premises.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

                                   AMENDMENTS

         Section 1.    These by-laws may be altered, amended or repealed by
the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the stock issued and
outstanding and entitled to vote, cast at any annual or special meeting of
the stockholders or by the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole board
of directors at any regular or special meeting of the board of directors.

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