UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 ---------------------- FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACTOF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 Commission files number 000-31973 Beacon Power Corporation (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware 04-3372365 (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S.Employer incorporation or organization) Identification No.) 234 Ballardvale Street Wilmington, Massachusetts 01887-1032 (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code) (978) 694-9121 Phone (978) 694-9127 Fax (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) ------------------------ Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, par value $.01 per share ------------------------ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes _X_ No --- Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K __X___ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined by rule 12b-2 of the Act). ___ Yes _X_ No As of June 28, 2003 the market value of the voting stock of the registrant held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $7,450,147. The number of shares of the Registrant's common stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding as of March 23, 2004 was 43,005,526. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE The Exhibit Index (Item No. 15) located on pages 49 and 50 incorporates several documents by reference as indicated therein. Table of Contents Page PART I Item 1. Business 1 Item 2. Properties 9 Item 3. Legal Proceedings 9 Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders 9 Item 4A. Executive Officers of the Company 9 PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters 11 Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data 12 Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 13 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk 27 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 28 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 50 Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 50 PART III Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers 51 Item 11. Executive Compensation 55 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners And Management 58 Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions 60 Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services 61 PART IV Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K 62 Signatures 65 Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements: This Annual Report on Form 10-K may include statements that are not historical facts and are considered "forward-looking" statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These "forward-looking" statements reflect Beacon Power Corporation's view about future events and financial performance, including among other things, its expected future revenues, costs of operations and capital expenditures, estimates of the potential markets for its products, the rate of growth in those markets and the competitive advantage that the Company's products has that will result in gaining market share. Such statements made by the Company fall within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All such forward-looking statements are necessarily only estimates of future results and the actual results achieved by the Company may differ materially from these estimates due to a number of factors as discussed in the section entitled "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions" and "Results of Operations - Risk Factors " of this Form 10-K. PART I Item 1. Business Overview Beacon Power Corporation is a development stage company that was incorporated on May 8, 1997. The Corporation and its subsidiary (collectively "Beacon" or "the Company") design, develop, configure and offer for sale, power conversion and energy storage systems that provide highly reliable, high-quality, environmentally friendly, uninterruptible electric power employing both proprietary and third-party technology and components for a number of applications and potential applications. The Company has the following products, which are in varying stages of development: o A high-power, flywheel-based system, that continuously regulates the frequency of electricity on the power grid, which the Company refers to as its Smart Energy(TM) Matrix, that could be used by independent system operators and regional transmission operators to regulate electrical power; o The Smart Energy Matrix could also continuously regulate the frequency of electricity produced by a distributed generation facility and compensate for temporary differences between the demand for electricity and the amount being produced by that facility; o A high-power, flywheel-based system that could provide electricity until a longer-term backup power source comes on-line, which the Company refers to as its Smart Power(TM) 250; o An electronic system that converts direct current electricity produced by photovoltaic panels into alternating current electricity for residential and commercial use, which the Company refers to as its Smart Power M5 inverter system; and o A high-energy flywheel-based system that stores electricity for telecommunications, cable systems, computer networks, and Internet markets applications, the Company refers to this product as its Smart Energy system. From the Company's inception through December 31, 2003 it has incurred losses of approximately $123.5 million. The Company does not expect to become profitable or obtain positive cash flow before 2006. The Company must raise additional equity to execute its business plan. Based on the Company's rate of expenditure of cash and the additional expenditures expected in support of its business plan, the Company will need to obtain an equity investment by early 2005 to fund: o continuing as a going concern; o ongoing research and development of inverter products; o manufacturing operations; o working capital requirements; and o new business development, In the event that the Company elects to begin full scale development of its Smart Energy Matrix or Smart Power 250 flywheel systems, the amount of equity required would increase substantially. The Company's losses and uses of cash may fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter as sales (if any), costs of development, inventories and receivables fluctuate. These fluctuations in cash requirements could put additional pressure on the Company's cash position. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to raise the required capital or that sufficient funds will be available to it on terms that it deems acceptable, if they are available at all. The Company continues to be accounted for as a development stage company under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 7 "Accounting and Reporting by Development Stage Enterprises." Even though the Company had shipped 31 of its Smart Power M5 inverter systems by December 31, 2003, its operations have not yet reached a level that would qualify it to emerge from the development stage. The Company is selling its Smart Power M5 inverter system to distributors who in turn sell them to installers who then make sales to residential homeowners or commercial customers. Products and Markets Smart Energy Matrix The Company has identified an application for its Smart Energy Matrix in a well-established market with attractive pricing characteristics. This market is frequency regulation for the power grid. In order to maintain a constant frequency alternating current, the power grid must constantly balance the supply of power generated with the varying demand for it. This balance is maintained today by constant, small adjustments in the output of some of the generators operating on the grid. Not all generators can be successfully operated with constantly varying output, but all generators that are able to operate this way incur higher operating costs due to increased fuel consumption and maintenance. Using the Company's Smart Energy Matrix, frequency regulation can, for the first time, be provided separately with higher performance and lower operating costs. The Smart Energy Matrix is the first product that would specifically address this application. The requirements of the frequency regulation application match perfectly with the characteristics of the Smart Energy Matrix, which draws excess energy when generated power exceeds demand and delivers it when demand exceeds supply. Unlike generator-based frequency regulation, no fuel is consumed, and no emissions are generated. The Smart Energy Matrix's characteristics should simplify and accelerate the process for establishing new sites and obtaining required permits. The Smart Energy Matrix can also be located nearly anywhere advantageous to the power grid, even within distribution systems. From an environmental perspective, the Company's Smart Energy Matrix will reduce fuel consumption of generators because they will be able to operate at optimum efficiency instead of operating at less than optimum efficiency in order to provide regulation. In addition, during peak output requirements, widespread use of the Company's Smart Energy Matrix to provide frequency regulation would avoid the need to utilize the most inefficient generators. Both of these changes in the way generators are used would reduce carbon dioxide and other emissions. Separate from the frequency regulation of the power grid market identified above, the Company has identified an additional application for its Smart Energy Matrix. That application is providing a high-power, flywheel-based system that continuously regulates the frequency of electricity produced by a distributed generation facility and compensates for temporary differences between the demand for electricity and the amount being produced. A distributed generation facility is any electrical power source other than the power grid, including advanced generators such as fuel cells, natural gas engines, wind turbines, photovoltaic arrays and microturbines which usually supply local power to facilities such as hospitals or manufacturing plants. The Company's Smart Energy Matrix can be used to regulate the frequency of the distributed generation facility's power in the same way it regulates the frequency of the power grid as described above. The Smart Energy Matrix, because of its fast response time, can also compensate for the generators slow response characteristics and therefore supply stability to these micro-grid facilities. In distributed generation, demand fluctuations are a much higher percentage of power production than experienced in the power grid, which affects the distributed generator's ability to match supply and demand. The Smart Energy Matrix will be designed to store enough energy to deliver one megawatt for 15 minutes and can be ganged to deliver ten or more megawatt systems. Each Smart Energy Matrix will consist of a container housing ten flywheels and the necessary electronics to connect to the grid. The Smart Energy Matrix because of its container design will be able to be deployed in a few days and it can be easily relocated. Although the Company has finished the preliminary designs for the Smart Energy Matrix, it will not begin significant design or development until the market has expressed a more tangible interest in this product and the Company has sufficient funds to complete development. Once begun, the development cycle for completion of this product is expected to be 18 to 24 months, and achieving significant volume production capability will take an additional six to 12 months. Therefore, the Company cannot receive revenues from this product for approximately two to three years after development has commenced. Smart Power 250 For uninterrupted power supply applications the Company has available it's Smart Power 250 for short (10 to 60 seconds) duration. When grid power is interrupted, the Company's Smart Power 250 provides power for a short time while a diesel generator can be activated. This application would typically be for commercial and industrial facilities. The Company does not produce the short duration Smart Power 250, but has domestic distribution agreements in place for the flywheel and the required electronics with their manufacturers. The Company does not believe that the market for this product is significant. The Company does not have any short duration Smart Power 250 units in inventory and has not placed any purchase orders for any of the product's components. The Company has designs based on its technology that could create a long duration Smart Power 250 that would have output power of up to 500kW or durations of ten to 15 minutes. The ability to provide run times of ten to 15 minutes would allow the use of alternate long-term power sources such as gas turbines, fuel cells and natural gas generators which require the longer ride through capabilities. The Company believes that as these alternative long-term power sources become commercialized, its product's long duration capabilities make it an ideal component of these power sources. Smart Power M5 The Smart Power M5 inverter system for the photovoltaic energy market converts the direct current generated by solar cells from sunlight into alternating current required by residential and commercial users for operating electrical devices and reducing the amount of purchased power when it is connected to a power grid. Solar cells contain semi-conducting material that converts sunlight into direct current electricity. Photovoltaic modular panels typically contain approximately 40 solar cells. The Company's Smart Energy M5 inverter system has the capacity to convert direct current electricity into up to 5,000 watts of alternating current. The Company began delivering its Underwriters Laboratory approved Smart Power M5 inverter systems in December 2003. The Smart Power M5 has been designed for use in North American grid-connected solar power applications. The Company intends to develop on and off grid inverters for use throughout the world. The Company also plans to develop inverters for use in low power wind turbine applications. Smart Energy The Company has available for sale its Smart Energy products, which deliver a low level of power for a long period of time (typically measured in hours). These products include the 2kWh and 6kWh Smart Energy systems, which have demonstrated quality performance and reliability at numerous sites. The Smart Energy products are tailored to the telecommunications, cable systems, computer networks, and Internet markets. The Company believes that its Smart Energy products offer life cycle cost advantages and significant performance improvements over conventional, battery-based back-up power sources. At this time, does not have orders for its Smart Energy products or any inventory of finished products and does not have purchase orders in place with vendors for components. In the event that the Company receives significant customer orders for these products, it will need to place orders for components with vendors and hire and train manufacturing personnel to assemble, inspect and assist in the installation of deliverable units. The Company's Smart Energy systems have approximately 350,000 hours of operation in customer sites without failure of their mechanical system, which the Company believes verifies the reliability of their technologies. The Company has successfully maintained power with no degradation of service in planned and unplanned losses of utility power at several telecom and cable sites. Also, the Company's systems can be adapted to deliver the amount of power and back-up time required to meet specific needs of customers by integrating multiple flywheel systems in parallel. This has been successfully demonstrated at several sites. The Company believes that its Smart Energy technology is an excellent base to begin development of a higher energy 25kWh flywheel system for renewable applications when the Company determines that the market interest is sufficient to justify that product's development. Approvals and Certifications The Company has obtained Underwriters Laboratory approval for its Smart Power M5 inverter system. The California Energy Commission and New York's Public Service Commission for on-grid applications have also approved this product. The Company has obtained Underwriters Laboratory approval for its existing 2kWh and 6kWh Smart Energy products. The Company has also designed and certified its Smart Energy systems in accordance with Telcordia standards, which are the baseline for performance and safety standards established by the telecommunications industry. The Company's Smart Energy products are the only flywheel products that have passed a Zone 4 earthquake test while operating, making them suitable for use anywhere in the United States. The Company's Smart Energy flywheel systems have also been successfully tested for concurrence with the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 587 standard, which is the required standard for all Uninterruptible Power Supply systems. The Company's Technology Flywheel-based products Since the Company's formation, it has been developing flywheel energy storage products to offer superior reliability and performance at competitive costs. The Company's composite flywheel is a rotating wheel on hybrid, magnetic bearings that operates in a near-frictionless vacuum environment. When the rim spins, it stores kinetic energy. The flywheel is powered up to its operational speed, like a motor, using electricity from an external power source. The flywheel is able to spin for extended periods with great efficiency, because friction and drag are virtually eliminated by employing magnetic bearings and a vacuum in the container. Because it has very low friction, little power is required to maintain the flywheel's operating speed. When electrical power is needed, the spinning flywheel drives a generator and its bi-directional inverter converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy. Steel flywheels have been used since the industrial revolution in applications such as piston engines to store energy during the power stroke for release during the compression stroke. These applications are limited by the revolutions per minute at which steel flywheels are able to operate and by the limited density of storage of energy by volume of steel. The products the Company offers employ new enabling materials and products such as high-strength fiber, efficient electric drives, and low-loss, long-life bearings to create new generations of flywheel products. The Company's composite flywheels are fabricated from high-strength, lightweight fiber composites, such as graphite and fiberglass combined with resins, which allow the flywheel to rotate at high speeds and store large amounts of energy relative to similar size and weight flywheels made from metals. For example, a 600-pound steel flywheel running at 8,000 revolutions per minute will store approximately 900 watt-hours of energy and can deliver only 850 watt-hours of energy. In contrast, the Company's 500-pound 6kWh composite flywheel running at 22,500 RPM stores 7,200 watt-hours of energy and delivers 6,000 watt-hours of energy. On a per-pound basis, the Company's composite flywheel technology is significantly more efficient than steel flywheels. The Company's proprietary technology enables the design of maintenance-free flywheel products, in that its products employ an internal rather than external vacuum system and its bearing systems have been designed and developed to have no scheduled replacement or maintenance. Competing flywheel products rely on bearings and external vacuum systems that require periodic maintenance and replacement. The Company's Smart Energy flywheel systems have dramatically longer discharge times than any other flywheel energy storage system; this is possible because the Company's technologies result in higher amounts of stored energy and minimal energy losses during those products' operation. Inverter Products The Company began developing its Smart Power M5 inverter system for photovoltaic applications during 2003. This product and additional solar products being developed are based on intellectual property the Company acquired and has significantly enhanced in the areas of performance, ease of installation, software integration, and reliability. The Company's Smart Power M5 inverter system is designed for use in grid-connected solar applications. When AC power is interrupted, the Smart Power M5 inverter system immediately converts to an independent battery back-up mode, continuing to provide electricity to critical loads. This product is the most compact, easy-to-install and efficient product available for solar on-grid applications. The Company plans to expand its product family to include systems for use in solar off-grid applications as well as high voltage on-grid and off-grid domestic applications. The Company plans to develop international configurations for those applications it believes it can successfully market. The Company also plans to introduce its technologies into wind turbine applications in the future. Research and Development The Company believes that its research and development efforts are essential to its ability to successfully design and deliver products to targeted customers, as well as to modify and improve its existing products to reflect the evolution of markets and customer needs. The Company has worked closely with potential customers to define product features and performance requirements to address specific needs for both flywheel based solutions and renewable energy applications. Research and development expenses, including engineering expenses, were approximately $3,550,000 in 2003, $7,130,000 in 2002, and $17,628,000 in 2001. The Company expects research and development expenses in 2004 to be somewhat higher than those in 2003 due primarily to the costs of development for several new inverter products. If the Company is able to validate market opportunities for its flywheel based products, it may choose to make significant levels of research and development expenditures in order to pursue those markets. At December 31, 2003, the Company employed 18 engineers and technicians who were engaged in research and development. At December 31, 2002, the Company had 23 engineers and technicians. Manufacturing The Company assembles and tests Smart Power M5 inverters at its facility. The Company has design drawings and process specifications to ensure the quality of components manufactured by its suppliers. The Smart Power M5 inverter system is a combination of off-the-shelf components and components produced to specifications developed by the Company. The Company believes it has adequate vendor sources for all the components for the Smart Power M5 inverter systems to meet customer demand. The Company's facility continues to be underutilized as a result of reductions in development work and a lack of customer orders for its flywheel systems. The Company maintains a limited manufacturing staff, many of whom are skilled in Six-Sigma cost and quality control techniques. If customers begin to order flywheel systems, the Company expects to establish assembly and test capabilities using outside suppliers to provide components to meet product demand. The suppliers of the Company's mechanical flywheel and the control electronics for short duration Uninterruptible Power Supply applications are both single-source suppliers, and the loss or interruption of supply from either of these suppliers would adversely affect the Company's ability to market and deliver these products. Sales and Marketing The Company's sales and marketing efforts for its flywheel-based product have been focused on regional transmission operators, in particular, PJM Interconnect system, which is the nation's first federally regulated regional transmission operator. PJM has worked closely with the Company to evaluate the performance characteristics of its product. PJM has informed the Company that it believes the Company's Smart Energy Matrix flywheel system could be added to PJM's power grid, and bid into the frequency regulation market. The Company is presenting its Smart Energy Matrix product to other regional transmission operators as well as power utilities in an effort to establish tangible interest. The Company's sales and marketing efforts in renewable energy are focused on the sale of its Smart Power M5 inverter systems for North American solar power applications. For the renewable energy market the Company is marketing its Smart Power M5 inverter system to distributors in North America who provide products to residential and commercial installers. The Company is attempting to build market interest through advertising, trade press articles, participating in industry conferences, technical presentations to installers, trade shows and homeowner shows. Marketing efforts for the Company's Smart Energy and Smart Power 250 products have been limited to providing support for its field trial systems and identifying key prospects and working with those companies to demonstrate the Company's product advantages, which include, life cycle cost benefits and high reliability. The Company has installed on-site, working demonstration units of both its Smart Energy products at various major telecommunications and cable companies. While sales efforts for these products have been limited, the Company plans to continue to perform market analysis to identify opportunities for installations that require the unique characteristics of these products and to emphasize their value proposition and greater technical benefits. Potential customers for its Smart Power 250 product include businesses with heightened needs for 100% reliability, such as hospitals, data centers, call centers and other critical-use facilities. The Company believes that its products will also be attractive to customers with power sources that are very expensive to replace or maintain due to their location or other factors, or power sources located where there are high or low prevailing temperatures or dramatic changes in temperature. And from an environmental perspective, the Company believes its flywheel products, which contain no hazardous chemicals, are more attractive to customers when compared to lead-acid batteries. Backlog At December 31, 2003, the Company had shipped 31 Smart Power M5 inverter systems to its distributors but did not recognize revenue. The Company did not have any unfilled orders at year-end. Revenue will be recognized on these products as they are sold by the distributors. Customer Service The Company intends to provide maintenance and support for its products by utilizing its own customer service personnel as well as support as needed from its engineering organization. In the future, the Company may elect to contract all or part of the customer service activities to outside sources as it deems it effective from both a customer satisfaction and Company cost perspective. The Company's Smart Power M5 inverter system is sold with a five-year warranty. Competition The Company believes its Smart Energy Matrix will offer superior performance and cost benefits over generators, which now perform the task that will be performed by the Smart Energy Matrix. The Company believes that, given the demands of the frequency regulation market, batteries, metal flywheel and other alternative energy technologies, such as fuel cells and ultra capacitors, will not compete with the Smart Energy Matrix. There are several products that compete with the Smart Power M5 inverter system sold by companies with greater experience in the solar power conversion market. This market is intensely competitive, with the principal bases for competition being system reliability, quality, brand recognition, and price. The Company believes that it has a competitive advantage due to its product's reliability, ability to continue to provide power when the grid fails, improved design and efficiency benefits compared to other systems providing energy storage. Substantially all of the high-energy and uninterrupted power supply markets that the Company's Smart Energy and Smart Power flywheel systems compete in are dominated by battery-based products, rather than battery-free technologies. These markets are intensely competitive, with the principal bases for competition being system first cost, brand recognition, quality, and reliability. Additional alternative energy products that are potentially competitive include ultra capacitors, fuel cells with integrated hydrogen generation and storage, and super-conducting magnetic energy storage products. There are other companies selling diesel generators and micro turbines that are competitors in the broadest sense, although the Company believes that in most cases, its flywheel systems will be complementary to that equipment. The Company's Smart Energy Matrix system provides back-up power and competes on the basis of life-cycle cost and value to the customer. Although the Company's product offers attractive performance to cost benefit when viewed on a life-cycle cost basis, customers are more focused on first cost, which makes it very difficult for the Company to effectively compete. The Company plans to continue to emphasize the value proposition of its products such as increased dependability, environmental benefits, and their long maintenance-free life. The Company believes that its high-energy flywheel systems provide significant advantages to potential customers due to the numerous problems associated with lead-acid batteries, including: o Reliability. Batteries are not only prone to multiple problems leading to battery failure, but when they are repeatedly used at close to their maximum energy capacity; their output capacity can rapidly decrease, reducing the batteries' effectiveness over time. Also, the amount of energy available in battery systems may not readily be monitored and, therefore, the amount of remaining energy cannot be assured. o Life-Cycle Cost. The use of batteries has both direct and indirect costs. In addition to bearing the initial purchase costs of the batteries, a user must allocate significant space to large battery arrays (space that could otherwise be allocated to revenue-generating equipment), must inspect and test them on site every few months (as their power output degrades over time), must cool them with costly air conditioning (if the user wishes to avoid the rapid degradation in performance and life that results with temperature variations), and must replace them every two to six years (depending on type of use, environment and other factors). o Life. In applications where discharges consume all or most of the battery's available reserve, or where the batteries are used in facilities that are not air-conditioned, the life of batteries is significantly reduced. o Environmental. Batteries contain toxic materials such as lead and sulfuric acid. They are considered hazardous waste and their disposal entails rigorous environmental regulations. Facilities with spent batteries must make arrangements with hazardous waste handlers for disposal. Both the costs associated with disposal and the complexity of compliance for proper handling, permitting and regulatory requirements continue to increase and may accelerate sharply as pressure increases to curb such hazardous wastes. In addition to the Company's products, there are other companies working to offer lead free chemical batteries such as nickel metal hydride and lithium ion, as well as alternative technologies such as super capacitors and super conductive magnetic energy storage. Intellectual Property The Company's success depends upon its ability to develop and maintain the proprietary aspects of its technologies and to operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of others. To some extent, the Company's success also depends upon the same abilities on the part of its suppliers. The intellectual property rights of the Company's flywheel-based products are based upon a combination of SatCon Technology Corporation's flywheel technologies and patents that the Company is licensed to use, in perpetuity, and patents that the Company holds or which are pending. The Company was issued by SatCon a perpetual, exclusive, royalty-free, worldwide right and license to use its flywheel technologies and patents for stationary terrestrial flywheel applications. Those rights include eleven issued U.S. patents and eleven U.S. and foreign patent applications that expire on various dates between 2012 and 2021. This license covers SatCon's technologies and patents and all improvements made by SatCon through November 16, 2000, the date of Beacon's initial public offering. The Company is not entitled to any improvements to the flywheel technology that SatCon develops subsequent to that date. The Company expects to develop additional intellectual properties and trade secrets as it continues developing additional Smart Energy and Smart Power flywheel systems. The Company owns all technology improvements it has developed that are based on the technology licensed from SatCon. The Company also holds patents on its flywheel vacuum system, heat pipe cooling system and output paralleling algorithm and has 25 pending U.S. and foreign patent applications, and two other applications being prepared for filing. The Company relies on a combination of patent, trademark, trade secret and copyright law and contract restrictions to protect the proprietary aspects of its technology. The Company seeks to limit disclosure of its intellectual property by requiring employees, consultants, and any third parties with access to its proprietary information to execute confidentiality agreements and by restricting access to that information. The Company's patent and trade secret rights are of material importance to its current and future prospects. The Company is actively pursuing both national and foreign patent protection. The short duration Smart Power 250 is based on intellectual property owned or controlled by the manufacturers of the two main elements of that product. The intellectual property rights for the Company's Smart Power M5 inverter systems are based on the intellectual property assets of Advanced Energy Systems, Inc., that the Company purchased in March 2003. These assets are wholly-owned by the Company and include anti-islanding software, which ensures safe grid utility interconnection and reliable transition to stand-by power when the grid fails, as well as drawings, source code, production know-how, and all associated documentation. The Company has made substantial improvements to these assets. Government Regulation The Company does not believe that it will be subject to existing federal and state regulatory commissions governing electric utilities and other regulated entities. The Company believes that its products and their installation will be subject to oversight and regulation at the local level in accordance with state and local ordinances relating to building codes, safety, pipeline connections and related matters. The Company intends to encourage the standardization of industry codes to avoid having to comply with differing regulations on a state-by-state or locality-by-locality basis. The Company has obtained FCC approval of its Smart Energy 250 flywheel systems. The Company plans to pursue the appropriate approvals for all emerging products. Employees At December 31, 2003, the Company's headcount was 24 full-time employees and five independent contractors, of which approximately 18 were engineers and technicians involved in research and development and five were in sales, marketing and customer service. The remaining six people were involved in administrative tasks. None of the Company's employees are represented by a union and the Company considers its relations with employees to be satisfactory. Item 2. Properties The Company's principal executive offices, laboratory and manufacturing facilities are located at a single location in Wilmington, Massachusetts. This 51,650 square foot facility operates under a lease that expires on September 30, 2007. Item 3. Legal Proceedings The Company is not involved in any legal proceedings; however, it may from time to time be involved in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of its business. Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders There were no matters that were submitted to a vote of security holders, through the solicitation of proxies or otherwise, during the fourth quarter of the year covered by this report. Item 4A. Executive Officers of the Company The Company's executive officers, positions and their ages as of March 23, 2004, are as follows: Name Age Position F. William Capp 55 President and Chief Executive Officer, Director Matthew L. Lazarewicz 53 Vice President and Chief Technical Officer James M. Spiezio 56 Vice President of Finance, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary F. William Capp Mr. Capp has served as the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer since December 1, 2001 when he joined Beacon Power. Prior to joining Beacon Power, Mr. Capp was the President of the Telecommunications group of Bracknell Corporation, a company that provided infrastructure for the telecommunications industry with annual sales of $350 million and 30 regional offices in the US and Canada. From 1997-2000, Mr. Capp served as the President of a division of York International where he increased aftermarket sales by over 50% from 1997 to 1999, which were the two most profitable years in that division's history. From 1978-1997, Mr. Capp held numerous positions at Ingersoll Rand. From 1992-1997, he served as Vice President and General Manager of the Compressor Division where he was responsible for an operation with over 700 employees. He managed a complex supply chain including over $100 million in purchases from a variety of companies. From 1989-1992, Mr. Capp was the Vice President of Technology for the Torrington Company, which is a $900 million manufacturer of bearings and precision components to the automotive and other industries worldwide. Mr. Capp assisted in the development of new products, new manufacturing technologies and project management. He also held numerous other engineering positions within Ingersoll Rand. Prior to joining Ingersoll Rand in 1978, he worked for Ford's Truck Division in such positions as project engineering, supervisor, and product planning. Mr. Capp received his Bachelor of Science in Aeronautical Engineering from Purdue University, a Master of Business Administration and a Master Degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Michigan. He also has his Black Belt Training Program from the American Society for Quality. Matthew L. Lazarewicz Mr. Lazarewicz has served as the Company's Vice President of Engineering since February 1999, and was named Chief Technical Officer in September of 2001. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Lazarewicz worked for General Electric Company in various capacities. He started his 25-year career with the General Electric Company in the gas turbine division as a design engineer. After a transfer to GE Aircraft Engines, he progressed through a variety of positions in design, manufacturing, quality, marketing, and product support in both military and commercial applications. Most recently he served as a manager of program independent analysis from 1996 to 1999, and he was the mechanical design manager for the F414 engine used in the Navy front line F/A18 fighter from 1991 to 1996. This included the development through production phases. He was recognized as the GE Aircraft Engines "Engineer of the Year" and received the Department of Defense "Excellence in Acquisition" Award for his leadership of this project. Mr. Lazarewicz is a Registered Professional Engineer in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and received both Bachelor's and Master's Degrees in Mechanical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Mr. Lazarewicz also completed his Master's Degree in Management at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management. James M. Spiezio Mr. Spiezio joined the Company in May 2000. He has served as Vice President of Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer since July 2000, Secretary since March 2001, and the company's Corporate Controller from May 2000 to July 2000. He worked as a financial consultant from November 1999 to May 2000. He has over twenty-five years of diversified manufacturing and financial management experience. Prior to acting as an independent financial consultant, Mr. Spiezio was the Chief Financial Officer at Starmet Corporation, a diversified metallurgical manufacturing company engaged in both the commercial and government sectors, from January 1993 to November 1999. While at Starmet he also served as President of a wholly owned chemical and manufacturing facility for five years and held additional financial management positions including Corporate Controller and Manager Planning and Analysis. Prior to joining Starmet, Mr. Spiezio held financial management positions with United Technologies Corporation, Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Group in accounting, cost control and business analysis. Prior to Pratt & Whitney, Mr. Spiezio held financial management positions with General Electric Company in both the Power Systems and Apparatus Services business groups. Mr. Spiezio is a graduate of the Indiana University School of Business. PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters The Company's Common Stock is quoted on the NASDAQ SmallCap Market under the symbol "BCON". The following table sets forth the high and low sales price of the common stock for the period indicated. High Low Twelve months ended December 31, 2003 Fourth quarter $1.54 $0.70 Third quarter $1.34 $0.24 Second quarter $0.48 $0.16 First quarter $0.30 $0.16 Twelve months ended December 31, 2002 Fourth quarter $0.44 $0.14 Third quarter $0.31 $0.15 Second quarter $0.58 $0.21 First quarter $1.50 $0.50 On March 23, 2004, the last reported sale price of the Company's common stock on the NASDAQ SmallCap Market was $1.01 per share, and there were 303 holders of record of common stock. The number of record holders does not include shares held in "street name" through brokers. The Company has never declared or paid cash dividends on shares of its common stock. The Company expects to retain any future earnings to finance the expansion of its business, and therefore does not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Payment of future cash dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of the Company's board of directors after taking into account various factors, including the Company's financial condition, operating results, current and anticipated cash needs and plans for expansion. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities During 2003, the Company issued no unregistered securities. Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data The following selected financial data should be read together with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the financial statements, including the related notes, found elsewhere in this Form 10-K. The following tables present selected historical financial data for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002, 2001, 2000, 1999, and for the period from May 8, 1997, the date of the Company's inception, through December 31, 2003. Period from Date of Inception (May 8, 1997) to Year ended December 31, December 31, 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 2003 ------------------------------------------------------------------ (in thousands, except per share data) Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: Revenues $ - $ - $ - $ 50 $ 269 $ 551 ------------------------------------------------------------------ Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative 4,936 5,637 8,940 4,631 1,559 28,059 Research and development 3,550 7,130 17,628 12,715 3,506 50,344 Loss on sales commitments - - - 51 325 376 Depreciation and amortization 285 1,644 1,324 401 219 3,951 Restructuring charges - 2,159 - - - 2,159 Loss on impairment of assets 367 4,297 - - - 4,664 ------------------------------------------------------------------ Total operating expenses 9,138 20,867 27,892 17,798 5,609 89,553 ------------------------------------------------------------------ Loss from operations (9,138) (20,867) (27,892) (17,748) (5,340) (89,002) Interest and other income (expense), net 520 28 1,746 330 (331) 2,405 ------------------------------------------------------------------ Net loss (8,618) (20,839) (26,146) (17,418) (5,671) (86,597) Preferred stock dividends - - - (35,797) (917) (36,826) Accretion of redeemable convertible preferred stock - - - (64) (42) (113) ------------------------------------------------------------------ Loss to common shareholders (8,618) (20,839) (26,146) (53,279) (6,630) (123,536) ================================================================== Net loss per share, basic and diluted ($0.20) ($0.49) ($0.61) ($10.77) ($393.52) =================================================== Shares used in computing net loss per share, 42,886 42,797 42,551 4,946 17 basic and diluted =================================================== As of December 31, 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 ------------------------------------------------------------- (in thousands) Balance Sheet Data: Cash and cash equivalents $9,314 $18,222 $34,602 $62,497 $234 Working capital 9,048 17,220 32,788 59,224 (878) Total assets 12,599 20,906 42,131 67,738 974 Redeemable convertible preferred stock - - - - 4,535 Total stockholders' equity (deficiency) $9,497 $18,075 $38,981 $63,308 ($8,591) Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The following discussion of the Company's financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with its financial statements, the notes to those financial statements and other financial information appearing elsewhere in this document. In addition to historical information, the following discussion and other parts of this document contain forward-looking statements that reflect plans, estimates, intentions, expectations and beliefs. Actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. See "Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements." Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those set forth in the "Risk Factors " section and contained elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Overview When the Company recognized that its Smart Energy products as alternative backup solutions to the telecommunications industry were not on a path to produce meaningful revenues, the Company initiated a series of cost cutting measures throughout 2002 and 2003. The focus of these efforts was to reduce cash usage while preserving the Company's intellectual properties and maintaining the integrity of its public company requirements while evaluating all potential product markets for the Company's technologies and considering acquisitions or mergers that could lead to increased shareholder value. Based on this evaluation, which is ongoing, the Company (i) believes that it has identified two promising applications for its Smart Energy Matrix product and (ii) has introduced its Smart Power M5 inverter system into the renewable energy market and delivered 31 units in 2003. The Company must raise additional equity to execute its business plan. Based on the Company's rate of expenditure of cash and the additional expenditures expected in support of its business plan, the Company will need to obtain an equity investment by early 2005 to fund: o continuing as a going concern; o ongoing research and development of inverter products; o manufacturing operations; o working capital requirements; and o new business development, In the event that the Company elects to begin full scale development of its Smart Energy Matrix or Smart Power 250 flywheel systems, the amount of equity required would increase substantially. The Company will not undertake this development or make investments without expressions of tangible interest from the marketplace and having identified sufficient funding to ensure that it could complete development of this product. From inception through December 31, 2003, the Company has incurred losses of approximately $123.5 million. The Company expects to continue to incur losses as it expands its product development, commercialization program, and expansion of its manufacturing capabilities. The Company recognized an asset impairment charge in 2003 and restructuring and asset impairment charges in 2002. The Company, as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets," periodically evaluates all of its property and equipment in light of facts and circumstances and the outlook for future cash flows. As a result of its ongoing evaluations, in 2003 the Company took a non-cash charge of approximately $0.4 million representing the impairment of capitalized costs of internally developed intellectual property including various patents and patents pending relating to the Company's flywheel technology. In 2002 the Company took a non-cash charge of $6.5 million of which $4.3 million represented impaired capital equipment and leasehold improvements, $1.9 million related to a reserve against future lease payments and related facility costs and $0.3 million relating to severance costs. These charges related to a substantial portion of the Company's long-term assets being idled, including machinery and equipment, tooling, office furniture and fixtures and leasehold improvements. The portion of the reserve that relates to future lease payments is classified as "Restructuring reserve" in the current liabilities section of the balance sheet. Revenues. Although the Company has begun shipment of commercial products, its operations have not yet reached a level that would qualify it to emerge from the development stage. Therefore it continues to be accounted for as a development stage company under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 7 "Accounting and Reporting by Development Stage Enterprises." The Company has begun shipping its Smart Power M5 inverter system in the solar renewable energy market through domestic distributors who in turn sell the Company's products to installers who then make sales to residential homeowners or commercial customers. The Company has established that it will recognize revenues, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, based on the sales by its distributors to their customers. The Company has determined that this treatment will ensure that the recognition of revenue cannot be impacted by any disputes between the Company and its distributors on product or possible issues resulting from technology risk as new products are commercialized that may have enhanced functionality to product already delivered to distributors. The Company is continuing to evaluate markets for its flywheel systems but has not recognized revenues in 2003, 2002 or 2001. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2000, the Company recorded revenues as a result of development contracts with government entities focused on the design of flywheel technologies. The Company has placed development prototypes with potential customers and shipped pre-production units. These products were provided to potential customers without charge or on a demonstration basis to allow the Company access to field test information and to demonstrate the application of the technologies. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. The Company's sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits for sales and marketing personnel and related business development expenses. During 2003, the Company increased its sales and marketing efforts for its flywheel based products, to introduce its concepts for frequency regulation and Smart Energy Matrix applications. The Company also continued to market the Smart Power 250. The Company expanded its sales and marketing effort into the renewable energy market for its Smart Power M5 inverter product. The Company continues to rely on engineering personnel to provide technical specifications and product overviews to its potential customer base. The Company expects sales and marketing expenses to continue to increase as it expands efforts to define new markets for its products. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits related to the Company's corporate staff, professional fees, insurance and travel. The Company expects that its selling, general and administrative expenses will increase during 2004 as compared to 2003 as a result of expanded sales and marketing expenses. Research and Development. The Company's cost of research and development consists primarily of the cost of compensation and benefits for research and development, and support staff, as well as materials and supplies used in the engineering design and development process. These costs are expected to increase in 2004 as compared to 2003. While the Company does not expect to incur significant additional costs for its existing flywheel products, the Company does expect to incur costs for the design and development of additional products for renewable energy applications. The costs of development of its flywheel systems will be significant if the Company determines there is sufficient market validation to initiate development of these products and it has funding to complete this work. Loss on Sales Commitments. The Company will establish reserves for anticipated losses on sales commitments when its cost estimates indicate a loss will be incurred. The Company did not accrue such losses during 2003 or 2002. In the second half of 2001 the Company reversed projected losses contemplated and recognized during 2000 and early 2001. The Company is most likely to recognize probable losses on sales commitments early in a product's introduction prior to being able to realize expected decreases in cost per unit through engineering design changes, operating efficiencies, and volume purchasing discounts. Restructuring and asset impairment charges. The Company recognized restructuring and asset impairment charges during 2003 and 2002. The Company's initial products were focused on the telecom industry. As a result of the overall economic downturn and in particular the significant decline in capital and maintenance spending in telecom as well as the low price of lead-acid batteries, the Company has not been successful in selling products into this market and therefore has taken non-cash asset impairment charges of $0.4 million in 2003 and aggregating $4.3 million in 2002, pursuant to Financial Accounting Standard No. 144, "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets." Depreciation and Amortization. The Company's depreciation and amortization is primarily related to depreciation on capital expenditures and the amortization of lease and leasehold costs related to its facilities. The Company has intellectual property in the form of patents on its flywheel vacuum system, its heat pipe cooling systems, DC output paralleling, anti-islanding software, drawings, source code, and production know-how on its Smart Power M5 inverter system, and expects to obtain other patents during 2004 and beyond. Interest and Other Income/Expense, net. The Company's non-operating income and expenses are primarily attributable to interest income relating to cash on hand from its private financings and initial public offering and interest expense associated with its capital. Results of operations: Comparison of Year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 Year ended December 31, 2003 2002 $ Change % Change ------------------------------------------ (in thousands) Revenues $ - $ - $ - N/A Selling, general and administrative 4,937 5,637 (700) -12% Research and development 3,550 7,130 (3,580) -50% Depreciation and amortization 285 1,644 (1,359) -83% Restructuring and impairment of assets 367 6,456 (6,089) -94% Interest and other income (expense), net 520 28 492 1757% Revenue. Proceeds from the sale of demonstration and test of 2kWh and 6kWh Smart Energy flywheel units as well as engineering services performed for other companies has been applied as a reduction against research and development expense and has not been recorded as revenue. These amounts were approximately $130,000 and $79,000 for 2003 and 2002, respectively. The Company did record deferred revenue for the first time during the fourth quarter of 2003 for shipments to distributors of its Smart Power M5 inverter systems. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. The decrease from 2002 to 2003 of approximately $700,000 was primarily the result of lower consulting expenditures in 2003 than the prior year. The Company expects its selling, general and administrative expenses to increase in 2004 over 2003 due primarily to marketing and sales expenses associated with both flywheel and inverter products. Research and Development Expenses. The decrease from 2002 to 2003 of approximately $3,580,000 is primarily due to decreased compensation and benefit costs related to reductions in the number of engineering and manufacturing personnel as well as lower expenditures on development materials. The Company expects cost of research and development in 2004 to be somewhat higher than 2003 as it expands development of its product line for renewable energy products. The business plan does not include significant development of the Company's Smart Energy Matrix product. Depreciation and Amortization. The decrease from 2002 to 2003 of approximately $1,359,000 is primarily attributable to the reduction in the depreciable base of the Company's assets that resulted from the restructuring and asset impairment charges recorded in 2002. Depreciation in 2004 will be lower than 2003 due to existing assets becoming fully depreciated and minimal additions to property and equipment in 2004. Restructuring and asset impairment charges. The Company recognized an asset impairment charge for its flywheel patents and patents pending in 2003 of approximately $367,000. In 2002 the Company recognized both restructuring and asset impairment charges of approximately $2,200,000 and $4,300,000, respectively. The Company does not expect to recognize any restructuring or asset impairment charges in 2004. Interest and Other Income/ (Expense), net. The increase from 2002 to 2003 of approximately $492,000 is primarily attributable to the reversal of a reserve for loans to officers taken in the prior year as a result of payments on those loans being received, accrued dividends on the Company's investment in Evergreen Solar Preferred Stock, and lower interest expense associated with smaller capital leases, which expired during the second half of 2003. Comparison of Year ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 Year ended December 31, 2002 2001 $ Change % Change ------------------------------------------ (in thousands) Revenues $ - $ - $ - N/A Selling, general and administrative 5,637 8,940 (3,303) -37% Research and development 7,130 17,628 (10,498) -60% Depreciation and amortization 1,644 1,324 320 24% Restructuring and impairment of assets 6,456 - 6,456 N/A Interest and other income (expense), net 28 1,746 (1,718) -98% Revenue. Proceeds from the sale of demonstration and test of 2kWh and 6kWh Smart Energy flywheel units as well as engineering services performed for other companies has been applied as a reduction against research and development expense and has not been recorded as revenue. These amounts were approximately $79,000 and $69,000 for 2002 and 2001, respectively. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. The decrease from 2001 to 2002 of approximately $3,303,000 was primarily due to the decreased compensation and benefit costs that resulted from a reduction in staffing. During October 2001, March 2002 and again in July 2002, the Company reduced its headcount by 8, 11 and 7 respectively. Research and Development Expenses. The decrease from 2001 to 2002 of approximately $10,498,000 was primarily due to decreased development material expenditures and compensation and benefit costs that resulted from a reduction in staffing. During October 2001, March 2002 and again in July 2002, the Company reduced its headcount by 29, 24 and 18 respectively. Depreciation and Amortization. The increase from 2001 to 2002 of approximately $320,000 was attributable to amortization of leasehold improvements at the Company's facility in Wilmington Massachusetts as well as amortization on additional machinery and equipment and other capital assets acquired in 2001. Restructuring and asset impairment charges. The Company recognized restructuring and asset impairment charges in 2002. The Company's initial products were focused on the telecom industry. As a result of the overall economic downturn and in particular the significant decline in capital and maintenance spending in telecom as well as the low price of lead-acid batteries, the Company has not been successful in selling products into this market. Therefore, in July 2002, in an effort to reduce its monthly cash spending rate, the Company implemented a number of cost-cutting measures to ensure the availability of resources necessary to pursue its business strategy for a reasonable period but at a significantly lower cash expenditure rate and on a less ambitious timetable. As a result, a substantial portion of the Company's long-term assets were idled, including machinery and equipment, tooling, office furniture and fixtures and leasehold improvements. The Company has evaluated all of its property and equipment as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets". The Company took restructuring and impairment charges of $6.5 million of which $4.3 million represents impaired capital equipment and leasehold improvements, $1.9 million related to a reserve against future lease payments and facility costs and $.3 million related to severance costs. The assets held for sale have been grouped together and classified as "Assets held for sale" in the current assets section of the balance sheet. Assets held for sale have been written down to their fair value based on quotes from vendors and other market factors. The reserve against future lease payments is classified as "Restructuring reserve" in the current liabilities section of the balance sheet. Interest and Other Income/ (Expense), net. The decrease from 2001 to 2002 of approximately $1,718,000 was primarily the result of lower interest income associated with the lower cash balances, lower interest rate yields on investments and a reserve of approximately $426,000 for the loan to the former CEO. Liquidity and Capital Resources Year ended December 31, ---------------------------------------------- 2003 2002 2001 ---------------------------------------------- (in thousands) Cash and cash equivalents $ 9,314 $ 18,222 $ 34,602 Working capital 9,048 17,220 32,788 Cash provided by (used in) Operating activities (7,651) (15,587) (24,220) Investing activities (1,291) (466) (3,655) Financing activities 35 (327) (21) ---------------------------------------------- Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents $ (8,907) $ (16,380) $ (27,896) ============================================== Current ratio 3.9 7.1 12.1 ============================================== The Company's cash requirements depend on many factors, including but not limited to, research and development activities, continued efforts to commercialize its products, facilities costs as well as general and administrative expenses. The Company expects to make significant expenditures to fund its operations, develop technologies and explore opportunities to find and develop additional markets to sell its products. The Company has taken significant actions to reduce its cash expenditures for product development, infrastructure and production readiness by significantly reducing headcount, development spending and capital expenditures over the last two years. The Company has focused its activity on market analysis in terms of size of markets, competitive aspects and advantages that its products could provide. The Company has continued to do preliminary design of potential products for markets under consideration for its flywheel systems and has purchased intellectual properties and incurred development costs for its newest product in the renewable energy market. The Company must raise additional equity to execute its business plan. Based on the Company's rate of expenditure of cash and the additional expenditures expected in support of its business plan, the Company will need to obtain an equity investment by early 2005 to fund: o continuing as a going concern; o ongoing research and development of inverter products; o manufacturing operations; o working capital requirements; and o new business development, In the event that the Company elects to begin full scale development of its Smart Energy Matrix or Smart Power 250 flywheel systems, the amount of equity required would increase substantially. In as much as the Company is not expecting to become profitable or cash flow positive until at least 2006, its ability to continue as a going concern will depend on being able to raise additional capital. The Company may not be able to raise this capital at all, or if it is able to do so, it may be on terms that are adverse to shareholders. The Company believes that it cannot use debt financing to meet its cash requirements. The Company's significant long-term contractual obligations as of December 31, 2003 are as follows: Cash Payments Due During the Year Ended December 31, ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Description of Commitment 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Thereafter Total - --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Operating Leases 490,675 500,359 529,413 397,059 - - 1,917,506 The amounts listed for operating leases represent payments for the occupancy of the Company's principal executive offices, laboratory and manufacturing facilities located in Wilmington, Massachusetts. The Company's commitment on this lease is secured by an irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $355,232. A cash deposit secures this letter of credit. The Company may make investments in companies for strategic business reasons. Because the Company's primary motivation in making these investments may not be to realize a profit on the investment itself, but rather to expand its business prospects, these investments may lack any financial return to the Company, may result in a loss of principal and may lack liquidity. On March 24, 2003 the Company purchased, for approximately $146,000, the inverter electronics technologies of Advanced Energy Systems, Inc to strengthen its entry into the renewable energy market. On May 15, 2003 the Company invested $1,000,000 in Series A Preferred Stock of Evergreen Solar, Inc., a public company that specializes in renewable energy sources, in order to develop a strategic relationship with that company. The Company believes that this investment may provide significant financial returns on investment. The Company's investment was part of a larger financing provided by several investors. The Company made its investment on the same terms as the other investors in this financing, except that the Company was permitted to purchase a three-year warrant for $100,000 that is exercisable for 2,400,000 shares of Evergreen's common stock. Evergreen's financing was a private placement of $29,475,000 of Series A Preferred Stock and the above warrant. Perseus 2000, L.L.C., an affiliate of one of the Company's stockholders, Perseus Capital, L.L.C., invested $3 million in Evergreen's Series A Preferred Stock in this financing. Mr. Philip J. Deutch and Mr. Kenneth M. Socha, members of the Board of Directors of the Company, are Managing Director and Senior Managing Director, respectively, of Perseus, L.L.C., and Mr. Deutch led the Evergreen Solar Series A Preferred financing and is one of four individuals from the Evergreen investor group to be added to the Board of Directors of Evergreen. Messrs. Deutch and Socha disclosed their possible conflict relating to this transaction, and abstained from voting on the matter. In addition, Mr. Deutch has not taken part in any discussions concerning this investment. Beacon's participation in the transaction was evaluated, debated and approved by all the disinterested directors of the Company, after full disclosure of relevant facts and circumstances. The Company believes that the Evergreen investment will provide the Company additional access to the renewable energy market, which it believes has significant potential for its Smart Power M5 inverter system and additional products it plans to develop. While the Company believes that its investment in Evergreen represents a possible gain upon liquidation, there can be no assurance that it will and there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to liquidate its position in the event that it requires cash on a short term basis. Investments such as those made in Evergreen Solar and the acquisition of the intellectual properties of Advanced Energy Systems may accelerate the Company's need to raise capital. The Company may not be able to raise this capital at all, or if it is able to do so, it may be on terms that are extremely dilutive to shareholders. Inflation The Company's operations have not been materially affected by inflation. Risk Factors The Company May Not Be Able to Continue as a Going Concern, as its Cash Balances Are Sufficient to Fund Operations Only Through Approximately April 2005. As shown in the consolidated financial statements, the Company incurred significant losses from continuing operations of $8,618,000, $20,839,000, and $26,146,000 and cash decreases of $8,907,000, $16,379,000 and $27,896,000, during the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The Company has $9,314,000 of cash and cash equivalents on hand at December 31, 2003. The Company has not recorded any revenue from sales of its products. These factors, among others, indicate that the Company may be unable to continue as a going concern. Deloitte & Touche LLP, the Company's independent auditors, have included an explanatory paragraph related to a going concern uncertainty in their audit report on the Company's consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, which states that "the Company's recurring losses from operations and negative cash flows raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern." The Company's financial statements have been prepared on the basis of a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company has not made any adjustments to its financial statements as a result of the going concern uncertainty. If the Company cannot continue as a going concern, it may have to liquidate its assets and may receive significantly less than the values at which they are carried on its financial statements. Any shortfall in the proceeds from the liquidation of the Company's assets would directly reduce the amounts that holders of its common stock could receive in liquidation. The Company expects its cash position to fund operations approximately through April 2005 according to its business plan. The Company is exploring opportunities to raise additional capital through equity offerings, strategic alliances and other financing vehicles, but it does not make any assurances that sufficient funds will be available to it on terms that it deems acceptable, if they are available at all. The Company Needs Additional Financing. The Company will need additional financing to execute its business plan. The Company cannot be certain that it will be able to raise additional funds on terms acceptable to the Company or at all. If future financing is not available or is not available on acceptable terms, the Company would not be able to continue as a going concern.. See "Selected Historical Financial Data" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." The Company's Stockholders may be Adversely Affected if the Company Issues Additional Equity to Obtain Financing. If the Company raises additional funds by issuing additional equity securities, existing stockholders may be adversely affected because new investors may have superior rights than current shareholders and current shareholders may be diluted. The Company May Not Be Able to Reduce Its Product Cost Enough to Make The Company's Prices Competitive. There can be no assurance that the Company will be successful in lowering production costs through product designs or volume discounts, which may prevent market acceptance of its products due to its pricing for products. The Company Has No Experience Manufacturing Inverter Systems or Flywheel Energy Storage Systems on a Commercial Basis. In the Event of Significant Sales, the Company Will Need to Develop or Obtain Manufacturing Capacity for Its Products. Should the Company experience significant customer demand for its inverter or flywheel products, it will need to develop or obtain manufacturing capacity to meet quality, profitability and delivery schedules. The Company may need to establish additional manufacturing facilities, expand its current facilities or expand third-party manufacturing. The Company has no experience in the volume manufacture of inverter or flywheel systems and there can be no assurance that it will be able to accomplish these tasks, if necessary, on a timely basis to meet customer demand or at all. The Company has taken actions to conserve cash including idling its manufacturing capabilities through headcount reduction, delaying the development of its manufacturing process documentation and the capital build-out. The Company will not achieve profitability if it cannot develop or obtain efficient, low-cost manufacturing capability, processes and suppliers that will enable the Company to meet the quality, price, engineering, design and production standards or production volumes required to meet its product commercialization schedule, if any, or to satisfy the requirements of its customers or the market generally. It Is Difficult to Evaluate the Company and to Predict Its Future Performance Because of Its Short Operating History and the Fact that It is a Development Stage Company. The Company has a limited operating history and is a development stage company. Unless the Company can achieve significant market acceptance of its current or future products at volumes and with margins that allow it to cover its costs of operations, the Company may never advance beyond the start-up phase. See "Business," "Selected Financial Data" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." The Company Has Incurred Losses Since Its Inception and Anticipates Continued Losses Through at Least 2006. The Company has incurred net losses and negative cash flows since its inception in May 1997. The Company had net losses of approximately ($8,618,000) in 2003, ($20,839,000) in 2002, ($26,146,000) in 2001, ($53,279,000) in 2000 and ($6,630,000) in 1999. Since its inception, the Company has had net losses totaling ($123,536,000). The Company expects to continue to incur net losses through at least 2006. Although the Company is looking for additional ways to economize and reduce costs, its efforts may prove even more expensive than anticipated. The Company's revenue must grow substantially to offset these higher expenses and become profitable. Even if the Company does achieve profitability, it may be unable to sustain or increase its profitability in the future. See "Selected Financial Data" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." Because the Company Depends on Third-Party Suppliers for the Development and Supply of Key Components for Its Products, It Could Experience Disruptions in Supply that Could Delay or Decrease Its Revenues. The Company's business, prospects, results of operations, or financial condition could be harmed if it is unable to maintain satisfactory relationships with suppliers. To accelerate development time and reduce capital investment, the Company relies on third-party suppliers for several key components of its systems. The Company does not have contracts with all of these suppliers. If these suppliers should fail to timely deliver components that meet the Company's quality, quantity, or cost standards, then the Company could experience production delays or cost increases. Because certain key components that are complex, and difficult to manufacture and require long lead times, the Company may have difficulty finding alternative suppliers on a timely or cost effective basis. As a result, the Company could experience shortages in supply or be unable to be cost competitive in the markets it is pursuing. The Company's Financial Performance Could Be Adversely Affected by its Need to Hire and Retain Key Executive Officers and Skilled Technical Personnel. Because the Company's future success depends to a large degree on the success of its technology, the Company's competitiveness will depend significantly on whether it can attract and retain skilled technical personnel, especially engineers, and can retain members of its executive team. The Company has employment agreements with Messrs. Capp, CEO and President; Spiezio, Vice President of Finance, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary; and Lazarewicz, Vice President and Chief Technical Officer. In the fourth quarter of 2001, the first and second quarters of 2002, the Company substantially reduced its workforce. Competition for skilled personnel is intense and, if the Company seeks to increase the size for its workforce, it may not be successful in attracting and retaining the personnel or executive talent necessary to develop products and operate profitably. The Company's Financial Performance Could be Adversely Affected by Needs to Hire and Retain Key Sales Personnel. Because the Company's future success depends to a large degree on the success of its sales organization, the Company's ability to meet its business plan will depend significantly on whether it can attract and retain sales personnel. The current sales organization has been impacted by both health issues and a resignation. Competition for skilled sales is intense it may not be successful in attracting and retaining the personnel or executive talent necessary to develop products and operate profitably. There May Be Only a Modest Number of Potential Customers for the Company's Products. There may only be a limited number of potential customers for the Company's products, in which case the Company will be subject to the risk that the loss of or reduced purchases by any single customer could adversely affect its business. If the Company is Unable to Successfully Market, Distribute and Service Its Products Internationally it May Experience a Shortfall in Expected Revenues and Profitability. In addition to the risks the Company faces when operating within the U.S., additional risks are present if the Company operates internationally. A part of the Company's business strategy is to ultimately market, distribute and service products internationally through distributors. The Company has limited experience developing and manufacturing products to comply with the commercial and legal requirements of international markets. The Company's ability to properly service its products internationally will depend on third-party distributors to install and provide service. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to locate service providers in every region or that these providers will effectively service its products. Also, the Company's success in those markets will depend, in part, on its ability to secure foreign customers and its ability to manufacture products that meet foreign regulatory and commercial requirements. In addition, the Company's planned international operations are subject to other inherent risks, including potential difficulties in establishing satisfactory distributor relationships and enforcing contractual obligations and intellectual property rights in foreign countries, and fluctuations in currency exchange rates. Any Failure to Protect the Company's Intellectual Property Could Seriously Impair Its Competitive Position. The Company cannot provide assurance that it has or will be able to maintain a significant proprietary position on the basic technologies used in its inverter and flywheel systems. The Company's ability to compete effectively against alternative technologies will be affected by its ability to protect proprietary technology, systems designs and manufacturing processes. The Company does not know whether any of its pending or future patent applications under which it has rights will issue or, in the case of patents issued or to be issued, that the claims allowed are or will be sufficiently broad to protect the Company's technology or processes, or will protect it from competitors. Even if all the Company's patent applications are issued and are sufficiently broad, they may be challenged or invalidated. The Company could incur substantial costs in prosecuting or defending patent infringement suits, and such suits would divert funds and resources that could be used in the Company's business. The Company does not know whether it has been or will be completely successful in safeguarding and maintaining its proprietary rights. Further, the Company's competitors or others may independently develop or patent technologies or processes that are substantially equivalent or superior to those of the Company. If the Company is found to be infringing on third-party patents, the Company does not know whether it will be able to obtain licenses to use such patents on acceptable terms, if at all. Failure to obtain needed licenses could delay or prevent the development, manufacture or sale of the Company's systems. The Company relies, in part, on contractual provisions to protect trade secrets and proprietary knowledge. These agreements may be breached, and the Company may not have adequate remedies for any breach. The Company's trade secrets may also be known without breach of such agreements or may be independently developed by competitors or others. The Company's inability to maintain the proprietary nature of its technology and processes could allow competitors or others to limit or eliminate any competitive advantages the Company may have, thereby harming its business prospects. The Share Prices of Companies in the Company's Sector have been Highly Volatile and the Company's Share Price Could Be Subject to Extreme Price Fluctuations. The markets for equity securities of high technology companies, including companies in the power reliability and power quality markets, have been highly volatile recently and the market price of the Company's common stock has been and may continue to be subject to significant fluctuations. This could be in response to operating results, announcements of technological innovations or new products by the Company, or its competitors, patent or proprietary rights developments, energy blackouts and market conditions for high technology stocks in general. In addition, stock markets in recent years have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that often have been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of individual companies. These market fluctuations, as well as general economic conditions, may adversely affect the market price of the Company's common stock, which could affect its ability to attract additional capital to fund operations. There may be Other Technologies Under Development That Could Prevent the Company from Achieving or Sustaining Its Ability to Sell Products or to Do So at Prices that will Yield Profits. There are number of technology companies in various stages of development. The Company cannot give assurance that some or all of its target markets and pricing plans could not be displaced by emerging technologies. The Company Has an Investment in Other Companies in Its Sector to Increase Shareholder Value Through Strategic Alliance or Return on Investment Which do Not Create Gains and therefore Reduce Shareholder Value. Given the Company's financial position, its ability to make investments in other companies is very limited at this time. However, in the future, the Company may make investments in other companies in its sector to gain strategic alliances, channels to market or appreciation in stock value. These investments may not increase shareholder value. Given the volatility of share prices for companies in this sector, general economic conditions and market fluctuations in general, the market price of the investments may decrease and reduce shareholder value. Provisions of Delaware Law and of the Company's Charter and By-laws May Inhibit a Takeover that Stockholders Consider Favorable. Provisions in the Company's certificate of incorporation and by-laws and in the Delaware corporate law, and the shareholder rights plan adopted in September 2002, may make it difficult and expensive for a third party to pursue a tender offer, change in control or takeover attempt that is opposed by the Company's management and board of directors. Public stockholders who might desire to participate in such a transaction may not have an opportunity to do so. Beginning with the Company's annual stockholder meeting in 2001, it implemented a staggered board of directors that will make it difficult for stockholders to change the composition of the board of directors in any one-year. Pursuant to a shareholder rights plan adopted in September 2002, the Company issued rights as a dividend on common stock on October 7, 2002 each of which entitles the holder to purchase 1/100th of a share of newly issued preferred stock for $22.50 in the event that any person not approved by the board of directors acquires more than 15% (30% in the case of one large shareholder that already owned more than 15%) of the Company's outstanding common stock, or in the event of an acquisition by another company, $22.50 worth of the common stock of the other company at half its market value (in each case the rights held by the acquiring person are not exercisable and become void). The shareholder rights plan was modified by rights plan Amendment 1 dated December 27, 2002. The amendment increased the beneficial ownership approved by the board of directors from 30% to 35% for one large shareholder. Additionally, the Company's board of directors may authorize issuances of "blank check" preferred stock that could be used to increase the number of outstanding shares and discourage a takeover attempt. These anti-takeover provisions could substantially impede the ability of public stockholders to benefit from a change in control or change in the Company's management and board of directors. Terrorist Attacks have Contributed to Economic Instability in the United States; Continued Terrorist Attacks, War or Other Civil Disturbances Could Lead to Further Economic Instability and Depress the Company's Stock Price. On September 11, 2001, the United States was the target of terrorist attacks of unprecedented scope. These attacks have caused instability in the global financial markets, and have contributed to volatility in the stock prices of United States publicly traded companies, such as Beacon Power. These attacks may lead to armed hostilities or to further acts of terrorism and civil disturbances in the United States or elsewhere, which may further contribute to economic instability in the United States and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and operating results. Government Regulation May Impair the Company's Ability to Market Products. Government regulation of the Company's products, whether at the federal, state or local level, including any change in regulations, on tariffs, product buy downs or tax rebates relating to purchase and installation of its products, may increase the cost and price of its systems, and may have a negative impact on the Company's revenue and profitability. The Company cannot provide assurance that its products will not be subject to existing or future federal and state regulations governing traditional electric utilities and other regulated entities. The Company expects that its products and their installation will be subject to oversight and regulation at the local level in accordance with state and local ordinances relating to building codes, safety, pipeline connections and related matters. The Company does not know the extent to which any existing or new regulations may impact its ability to distribute, install and service its products. Once the Company's products reach the commercialization stage federal, state or local government entities may seek to impose regulations. Product Liability Claims Against the Company Could Result in Substantial Expenses and Negative Publicity Which Could Impair Successful Marketing of Products. The Company's business exposes it to potential product liability claims that are inherent in the manufacturing, marketing and sale of electro-mechanical products, and as such, the Company may face substantial liability for damages resulting from the faulty design or manufacture of products or improper use of products by end users. The Company cannot provide assurance that its product liability insurance will provide sufficient coverage in the event of a claim. Also, the Company cannot predict whether it will be able to maintain such coverage on acceptable terms, if at all, or that a product liability claim would not materially adversely affect its business, financial condition or the price of its common stock. In addition, negative publicity in connection with the faulty design or manufacture of the Company's products would adversely affect its ability to market and sell its products. Safety Failures by the Company's Flywheel Products or Those of The Company's Competitors Could Reduce Market Demand or Acceptance for Flywheels in General. A serious accident involving either flywheels or competitors' similar products could be a significant deterrent to customer acceptance and adversely affect the Company's financial performance. There is the possibility of accident with any form of energy storage. In particular, if a metal flywheel fails and the stored energy is released, the flywheel could break apart into fragments that could be ejected at a high rate of speed. However, the Company's flywheels are based on a composite design so that in the event of a failure, the Company's flywheel would shut down rather than disintegrate. To date, the Company's testing validates this design conclusion. Also, the Company believes that one of the advantages of composite flywheels over metal flywheels is that in the event of a flywheel failure, the flywheel tends to delaminate and shut down rather than (as in the case of metal) to break into a number of large fragments that have a greater possibility of bursting a containment vessel and causing injury. At this early stage of commercialization, there are differing approaches to containment safety with disagreement in the community on the most effective means. The Market for Using the Company's Smart Energy Matrix to Provide Frequency Regulation has not been Established. The Company believes that the use of its Smart Energy Matrix will be successful in the frequency regulation market. However, this market is currently being served by using generators and, while the Company believes its product offers greater efficiencies than generators, and produces positive investment returns for the independent service providers, there can be no assurance that the Company will be able to establish its product in that market. The Value Proposition of the Company's Smart Energy Products May Not Be Recognized. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully against batteries. To compete successfully the Company must establish the value proposition of its products based upon their dependability, environmental benefits, and long maintenance-free life. The performance of batteries has improved while battery prices have declined due to lower demand from the communications markets and others and increased competition resulting from an increase in the number of battery manufacturers. These changes in battery pricing and performance make it even more difficult for the Company to establish the value proposition of its Smart Energy products. The Company Might Fail to Develop Successful Flywheel Products. The successful development of the Company's flywheel products involves significant technological and cost challenges and will require additional financing to complete. Major risks include: o maintaining the development schedule and achieve technical success, as such development could take substantially longer than anticipated; o the cost of developing key components of the Company's systems that have significant technical risk and which may not be economically feasible for a competitive product; o ensuring long-life and maintenance free performance through design and quality control; o ensuring quality and cost control from suppliers; and o raising the necessary financing. The Company's Sales Efforts may be Adversely Affected by the Reputation of the Bankrupt Company from which The Company Acquired the Intellectual Properties for the Smart Power M5 Inverter System. The Company purchased the intellectual property that its Smart Power M5 inverter system are based on from Advanced Energy Systems, Inc., a company in bankruptcy, which had sold units that are not supported by warranties. And in some cases these units are not functioning as expected. Although the Company will provided warranties for its products and it has made engineering changes to provide reliable performance, there can be no assurance that the Company's sales efforts will not be adversely affected by the performance of the unwarranted products in the field. The Value Proposition of the Company's Inverter Systems May Not Be Recognized. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete successfully and gain market share in the renewable energy market. To compete successfully the Company must establish its value proposition as cost effective for end users based upon its product's price, dependability, operational benefits, and long life. The Company May Not be Able to Establish a Distribution Channels to Sell Its Inverter Systems. The Company expects to market its Smart Power M5 inverter system as well as future inverter products through distributor channels. The Company does not have experience in these distribution channels or in the photovoltaic markets, and may not be successful in establishing adequate market volume through this distribution strategy. Even if the Company were able to establish sufficient sales volumes, there can be no assurance that these channels will continue to provide adequate volumes for the Company's products in the future. The Channels to Market For Photovoltaic Products are Not Stable and have Changed Substantially in the Last Year. The photovoltaic market is growing rapidly, but the sales and distribution channels are not stable.. In the last year, the cross section of these distributors has changed as some photovoltaic module manufacturers have left the market for "balance of systems" products such as the Company's Smart Power M5 inverter system, and other distributors have been merged. In particular, several of the large volume distributors have reduced their product offerings to only solar panels. When these types of change take place, it often results in a period of uncertainty in the sales and distribution channels, leading to fewer and smaller orders being placed. The Company is using a strategy of selling through full-service, wholesale distributors and there can be no assurance that this strategy will be successful in the channel structure that continues to be restructured. Inverter Sales may Not be Achieved. If the value proposition that the Company offers to the market is not accepted, or if the market does not continue to grow, or if the sales channels to market continue to be in a state of change, then the Company may not achieve sales of inverters. If sales are not achieved, then profits will not be realized, resulting in further need for additional investor funding which may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all. The Company Faces Intense Competition in the Inverter Markets. There are a number of companies located in the United States, Canada, and abroad that are offering electronic inverters into the photovoltaic market and the number of products being offered is increasing. Many of these companies have more substantial manufacturing, marketing, and sales capabilities as well as brand recognition and established market positions. They may also have greater research, development and commercialization capabilities. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to compete or be able to adapt as quickly to changing customer needs. The Company Might Fail to Develop Successful Additional Inverter Products. The successful development of additional inverter products involves technological and cost challenges and will require additional financing to complete. Major risks include: o maintaining the development schedule for these products, as such development could take substantially longer than anticipated; o the cost of developing key components of the Company's systems that have technical risk and which may not be economically feasible for a competitive product in the renewable energy market; o reducing manufacturing and assembly costs to increase the Company's chances of achieving profitability; o ensuring minimal warranty expenses through design and quality control; o ensuring quality and cost control from suppliers; o raising the necessary financing; and o extending each product design into as many applications and markets as possible. The Photovoltaic Energy Market may not Maintain the Market Growth Upon Which the Company's Business Plan is Based. Although photovoltaic installations have continued to grow at solid compound annual growth rates of greater than 20%, there can be no assurance that these rates of growth will continue. The Company's High-Energy Flywheels Face Intensified Competition from Batteries Due to Batteries' Declining Prices and Improved Life. As a Consequence Customers are Less Likely to Accept the Value Proposition of the Company's High-Energy Flywheel Products. The performance of batteries has improved while battery prices have declined due to lower demand from the communications markets and others and increased competition resulting from an increase in the number of battery manufacturers. These changes in battery pricing and performance have made it very difficult for the Company to establish the value proposition of its high-energy flywheel products. The Telecommunications Industry Continues to Experience lower rates of Build-Out and Maintenance Spending. The Company initially targeted the communications markets for the sale of its high-energy products. However, this industry, which had previously sustained high rates of infrastructure build-out, has experienced a sharp decline in build-out as well as maintenance spending which began in 2000 and has continued and there can be no certainty of when or if this market will recover. Significant reductions in both maintenance budgets and capital build-out budgets at telecommunications companies caused these potential customers to be more conservative with their spending and expenditure analysis and less willing to try new technology solutions, such as the Company's flywheel systems. The Company Might Fail to Develop Successful Additional High-Energy Flywheel Products. The successful development of additional high-energy flywheel products involves significant technological and cost challenges and will require additional financing to complete. Major risks include: o maintaining the development schedule for these products, as such development could take substantially longer than anticipated; o the cost of developing key components of the Company's systems that have significant technical risk and which may not be economically feasible for a competitive product in the high-energy market; o reducing manufacturing costs for the flywheel's shaft, hub and rim, bearings and related electronics to increase the Company's chances of achieving profitability; o ensuring minimal warranty expenses through design and quality control; o ensuring quality and cost control from suppliers; o raising the necessary financing; and o extending the product to new applications. The Company Faces Intense Competition and May Be Unable to Compete Successfully in the High-Energy Flywheel Markets. The markets for uninterruptible electric power are intensely competitive. There are a number of companies located in the United States, Canada, and abroad that are offering battery based energy storage options. The Company also competes with companies that are developing applications using other types of alternative energy storage. In addition, if large, established companies decide to focus on the development of competing or other alternative energy products for sale to the Company's potential customers, they may have the manufacturing, marketing, and sales capabilities to complete research, development and commercialization of commercially viable alternative energy storage systems that could be more competitive than the Company's systems and could be brought to market more quickly. To the extent they already have name recognition, their products may enjoy greater initial market acceptance among potential customers. These competitors may also be better able than the Company to adapt quickly to customers' changing demands and to changes in technology. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk The Company cash equivalents and investments, all of which have maturities of less than one year, may expose the Company to interest rate risk. At December 31, 2003, the Company had approximately $60,000 of cash equivalents that were held in a non-interest bearing checking account. Also at December 31, 2003, the Company had approximately $9,254,000 invested in interest-bearing money market accounts. The fair value of these investments approximates their cost. A 10% change in interest rates would change the investment income realized on an annual basis by approximately $9,000 which the Company does not feel is material. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data BEACON POWER CORPORATION (A Development Stage Company) Index to Consolidated Financial Statements Page Independent Auditors' Report 29 Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2003 and 2002 30 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 and for the period May 8, 1997 (date of inception) to December 31, 2003. 31 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficiency) for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 and for the period May 8, 1997 (date of inception) to December 31, 2003. 32 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 and for the period May 8, 1997 (date of inception) to December 31, 2003. 36 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 38 INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT To the Stockholders and Board of Directors of Beacon Power Corporation: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Beacon Power Corporation and subsidiary (the "Company") (a development stage company) as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity (deficiency) and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003 and for the period from May 8, 1997 (date of inception) through December 31, 2003. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall consolidated financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Beacon Power Corporation and subsidiary as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2003 and the period from May 8, 1997 (date of inception) through December 31, 2003 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company's recurring losses from operations and negative cash flows raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans concerning these matters are also described in Note 2. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. /s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP Boston, Massachusetts March 25, 2004 BEACON POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY (A Development Stage Company) Consolidated Balance Sheets December 31, December 31, 2003 2002 ----------------- ------------------ Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $ 9,314,493 $ 18,221,766 Accounts receivable, trade 128,133 - Inventory 238,684 - Prepaid expenses and other current assets 773,226 1,775,455 Investments 1,695,638 - Assets held for sale - 53,715 ----------------- ------------------ Total current assets 12,150,174 20,050,936 Property and equipment, net (Note 3) 357,180 562,929 Other assets 91,325 291,901 ----------------- ------------------ Total assets $ 12,598,679 $ 20,905,766 ================= ================== Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 148,075 $ 77,326 Accrued compensation and benefits 883,195 226,623 Other accrued expenses 664,527 576,881 Restructuring reserve 1,406,191 1,749,738 Current portion of capital lease obligations - 200,041 ----------------- ------------------ Total current liabilities 3,101,988 2,830,609 Commitments (Note 4) Stockholders' equity: Preferred Stock, $.01 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized no shares issued or outstanding - - Common stock, $.01 par value; 110,000,000 shares authorized; 43,107,526 and 42,961,062 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively 431,075 428,129 Deferred stock compensation (832,639) (18,413) Additional paid-in-capital 133,069,472 132,750,525 Other comprehensive income 531,880 - Deficit accumulated during the development stage (123,603,437) (114,985,424) Treasury stock, at cost (99,660) (99,660) ----------------- ------------------ Total stockholders' equity 9,496,691 18,075,157 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 12,598,679 $ 20,905,766 ================= ================== See notes to consolidated financial statements. BEACON POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY (A Development Stage Company) Consolidated Statements of Operations Cumulative from May 8, 1997 Year ended Year ended Year ended (date of inception) December December December Through December 2003 2002 2001 31, 2003 ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- --------------------- Revenue $ - $ - $ - $ 551,184 Operating expenses: Selling, general and administration 4,936,575 5,636,903 8,939,589 28,059,603 Research and development 3,549,592 7,129,880 17,627,714 50,343,486 Loss on sales commitments - - - 375,974 Depreciation and amortization 284,733 1,644,230 1,323,958 3,950,736 Restructuring charges - 2,159,280 - 2,159,280 Loss on impairment of assets 366,788 4,297,128 - 4,663,916 ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- --------------------- Total operating expenses 9,137,688 20,867,421 27,891,261 89,552,995 ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- --------------------- Loss from operations (9,137,688) (20,867,421) (27,891,261) (89,001,811) Interest income 217,964 504,034 2,157,724 3,779,967 Interest expense (6,713) (41,932) (303,160) (1,093,703) Other income (loss) 308,424 (433,933) (108,971) (281,696) ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- --------------------- Total other income, net 519,675 28,169 1,745,593 2,404,568 ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- --------------------- Net loss (8,618,013) (20,839,252) (26,145,668) (86,597,243) Preferred stock dividends - - - (36,825,680) Accretion of convertible preferred stock - - - (113,014) ----------------- ----------------- ----------------- --------------------- Loss to common shareholders $ (8,618,013) $(20,839,252) $(26,145,668) $ (123,535,937) ================= ================= ================= ===================== Loss per share, basic and diluted $ (0.20) $ (0.49) $ (0.61) ================= ================= ================= Average shares outstanding, basic 42,885,675 42,797,072 42,550,502 ================= ================= ================= See notes to consolidated financial statements. BEACON POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY (A Development Stage Company) Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficiency) Class A Class C Deferred Deferred Preferred Stock Preferred Stock Common Stock Consulting Stock Shares Amount Shares Amount Shares Amount Expense Compensation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BALANCE AT MAY 8, 1997 (DATE OF INCEPTION) - $ - - $ - - $ - $ - $ - Issuance of Founder's Shares - - - - 6,750,000 67,500 - - Issuance of Class A preferred stock 1,390,000 5,662,500 - - - - (275,000) - Recapitalization 3,373,313 67,466 - - (6,746,626) (67,466) - - Rounding for fractional shares - - - - (2) - - - Issuance of Class C preferred and common stock - - 6 29,866 13,476 134 - - Proceeds from stock offering, net of related expenses - - - - 9,200,000 92,000 - - Conversion of Series A preferred stock (4,767,907) (5,741,451) - - 9,535,814 95,358 - - Conversion of Series C preferred stock - - (6) (29,866) 12 - - - Conversion of convertible preferred stock - - - - 19,823,704 198,237 - - Deferred Consulting - - - - - - 773,284 - Series A Issuance for Consulting - - - - 134,464 1,345 (498,284) - Repayment of subscription receivable - - - - - - - - Issuance of Series A preferred stock for services and interest on loans 4,594 11,485 - - - - - - Dividend on Class D preferred stock - - - - - - - - Dividends on redeemable convertible preferred stock - - - - - - - - Payment of accrued dividend - - - - 859,330 8,593 - - Repayment of subscription receivable - - - - - - - - Accretion of redeemable preferred stock to redemption value - - - - - - - - Deferred Stock Compensation - - - - - - - (3,009,967) Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation - - - - - - - 939,308 Issuance of warrants - - - - - - - - Cashless Warrant exercise - - - - 1,982,876 19,829 - - Exercise of Stock Options - - - - 480,266 4,803 - - Net loss - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 2000 - $ - - $ - 42,033,314 420,333 $ - $ (2,070,659) Deferred Stock Compensation revaluation - - - - - - - 1,566,906 Issuance of stock options for consulting services - - - - - - - (47,892) Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation - - - - - - - 340,081 Issuance of Stock Options to settle lawsuit - - - - - - - - Shares issued through ESPP - - - - 54,956 550 - - Option extension for CEO - - - - - - - - Option extension for severed employees - - - - - - - - Exercise of Stock Options - - - - 682,586 6,826 - - Net loss - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 2001 - $ - - $ - 42,770,856 $ 427,709 $ - $ (211,564) Deferred Stock Compensation revaluation - - - - - - - 173,616 Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation - - - - - - - 19,535 Shares issued through ESPP - - - - 42,041 420 - - Purchase of Treasury Stock - - - - - - - - Net loss - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 2002 - $ - - $ - 42,812,897 $ 428,129 $ - $ (18,413) Deferred Stock Compensation revaluation - - - - - - - (87,031) Issuance of restricted stock units for bonus - - - - - - - (727,195) Shares issued through ESPP - - - - 5,494 54 - - Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities - - - - - - - - Exercise of Stock Options - - - - 289,135 2,892 - - Net loss - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other comprhensive loss - - - - - - - - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 2003 - $ - - $ - 43,107,526 $ 431,075 $ - $ (832,639) =============================================================================================== See notes to consolidated financial statements. Accumulated Total Additional Stock Other Stockholders' Paid-in Subscription Retained Comprehensive Treasury Stock (Deficiency) Capital Receivable Deficit Income (Loss) Shares Amount Equity ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BALANCE AT MAY 8, 1997 (DATE OF INCEPTION)$ - $ - $ - $ - - $ - $ - Issuance of Founder's Shares - - (67,500) - - - - Issuance of Class A preferred stock - (5,000,000) - - - - 387,500 Recapitalization - - - - - - - Rounding for fractional shares - - - - - - - Issuance of Class C preferred and common stock - - - - - - 30,000 Proceeds from stock offering, net of related expenses 49,249,537 - - - - - 49,341,537 Conversion of Series A preferred stock 5,646,093 - - - - - - Conversion of Series C preferred stock 29,866 - - - - - - Conversion of convertible preferred stock 36,496,431 - - - - - 36,694,668 Deferred Consulting - - - - - - 773,284 Series A Issuance for Consulting 496,939 - - - - - - Repayment of subscription receivable - 2,992,492 - - - - 2,992,492 Issuance of Series A preferred stock for services and interest on loans - - - - - - 11,485 Dividend on Class D preferred stock - - (749,005) - - - (749,005) Dividends on redeemable convertible preferred stock - - (1,496,675) - - - (1,496,675) Payment of accrued dividend 1,077,714 - - - - - 1,086,307 Repayment of subscription receivable - 2,007,508 - - - - 2,007,508 Accretion of redeemable preferred stock to redemption value - - (113,014) - - - (113,014) Deferred Stock Compensation 3,009,967 - - - - - - Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation - - - - - - 939,308 Issuance of warrants 36,520,366 - (34,580,000) - - - 1,940,366 Cashless Warrant exercise (19,829) - - - - - - Exercise of Stock Options 451,674 - - - - - 456,477 Net loss - - (30,994,310) - - - (30,994,310) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 2000 132,958,758 $ - (68,000,504) - - - $ 63,307,928 Deferred Stock Compensation revaluation (1,566,906) - - - - - - Issuance of stock options for consulting services 47,892 - - - - - - Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation - - - - - - 340,081 Issuance of Stock Options to settle lawsuit 303,160 - - - - - 303,160 Shares issued through ESPP 109,394 - - - - - 109,944 Option extension for CEO 315,394 - - - - - 315,394 Option extension for severed employees 31,197 - - - - - 31,197 Exercise of Stock Options 712,367 - - - - - 719,193 Net loss - - (26,145,668) - - - (26,145,668) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 2001 $ 132,911,256 $ - $(94,146,172) $ - - $ - $ 38,981,229 Deferred Stock Compensation revaluation (173,616) - - - - - - Amortization of Deferred Stock Compensation - - - - - - 19,535 Shares issued through ESPP 12,885 - - - - - 13,305 Purchase of Treasury Stock - - - - 132,000 (99,660) (99,660) Net loss - - (20,839,252) - - - (20,839,252) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 2002 $ 132,750,525 $ - $(114,985,424) $ - 132,000 $ (99,660) $ 18,075,157 Deferred Stock Compensation revaluation 87,031 - - - - - - Issuance of restricted stock units for bonus - - - - - - (727,195) Shares issued through ESPP 911 - - - - - 965 Exercise of Stock Options 231,005 - - - - - 233,897 Unrealized gains on available-for-sale securities - - - 531,880 - - 531,880 Net loss - - (8,618,013) - - - (8,618,013) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Comprehensive loss - - (8,618,013) 531,880 - - (8,086,133) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Balance, December 31, 2003 $ 133,069,472 $ - $(123,603,437) $ 531,880 132,000 $ (99,660) $ $9,496,691 =============================================================================================== BEACON POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY (A Development Stage Company) Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Cumulative from May 8, 1997 (date of inception) Year ended December 31, through December 2003 2002 2001 31, 2003 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss $ (8,618,013) $(20,839,252) $(26,145,668) $ (86,597,243) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 284,734 1,644,230 1,323,958 3,950,737 Loss on sale of fixed assets - 14,481 108,971 170,868 Impairment of assets 366,788 4,297,128 - 4,663,916 Restructuring charge net of expenses paid (343,547) 1,749,738 - 1,406,191 Reserve (reversal) for officers note (308,423) 428,398 - 119,975 Interest expense relating to issuance of warrants - - - 371,000 Non-cash charge for change in option terms - - 346,591 346,591 Non-cash charge for settlement of lawsuit - - 303,160 303,160 Amortization of deferred consulting expense, net - - - 1,160,784 Amortization of deferred stock compensation - 19,534 340,081 1,290,253 Warrants issued for consulting services - - - 1,569,366 Services and interest expense paid in preferred stock - - - 11,485 Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable (128,133) - - (128,133) Inventory (238,684) - 207,613 (238,684) Prepaid expenses and other current assets 1,310,652 (1,172,448) (273,928) (992,861) Accounts payable 70,749 (834,139) (816,866) 148,075 Accrued compensation and benefits (70,623) (494,507) 444,044 156,000 Accrued interest - - - 275,560 Dividend receivable (63,758) - - (63,758) Due to related party - (35,532) (17,193) - Other accrued expenses and current liabilities 87,646 (364,219) (40,570) 673,197 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net cash used in operating activities (7,650,612) (15,586,588) (24,219,807) (71,403,521) Cash flows from investing activities: Purchase of investments (1,100,000) - - (1,100,000) Increase in other assets (236,854) - 664,986 (412,072) Purchases of property and equipment (7,993) (466,081) (4,320,064) (8,421,708) Sale of property and equipment 53,365 - - 53,365 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net cash used in investing activities (1,291,482) (466,081) (3,655,078) (9,880,415) Cash flows from financing activities: Initial public stock offering, net of expenses - - - 49,341,537 Payment of dividends - - (1,159,373) (1,159,373) Shares issued under employee stock purchase plan 965 13,305 109,944 124,214 Exercise of employee stock options 233,897 - 719,193 1,409,567 Issuance of preferred stock - - - 32,868,028 Repayment of subscription receivable - - - 5,000,000 Proceeds from capital leases - - 495,851 495,851 Repayment of capital leases (200,041) (340,455) (186,247) (1,031,395) Proceeds from notes payable issued to investors - - - 3,550,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 34,821 (327,150) (20,632) 90,598,429 (Decrease)increase in cash and cash equivalents (8,907,273) (16,379,819) (27,895,517) 9,314,493 Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 18,221,766 34,601,585 62,497,102 - ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Cash and cash equivalents, end of period $ 9,314,493 $ 18,221,766 $ 34,601,585 $ 9,314,493 ======================================================================== Supplemental disclosure of non--cash transactions: Cash paid for interest $ 6,700 $ 48,926 $ 34,000 $ 488,126 ======================================================================== Cash paid for taxes $ 4,700 $ 17,000 $ 1,600 $ 30,500 ======================================================================== Assets acquired through capital lease $ - $ - $ - $ 535,445 ======================================================================== See notes to consolidated financial statements. BEACON POWER CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY (A Development Stage Company) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 1. Nature of Business and Operations Nature of Business. Beacon Power Corporation (the "Company" or "Beacon") (a development stage company) was incorporated on May 8, 1997 as a wholly owned subsidiary of SatCon Technology Corporation ("SatCon"). Since its inception, Beacon has been engaged in the development of flywheel devices for storing and transmitting kinetic energy. As discussed in Note 6, during the fourth quarter of 2000, the Company completed an initial public offering of its common stock and raised approximately $49.3 million net of offering expenses. In 2003 the Company began development and manufacturing activities in the area of power conversion systems for the renewable energy market. Because the Company has not yet generated a significant amount of revenue from its principal operations, it is accounted for as a development stage company under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 7. The Company has a single operating segment, manufacturing alternative power sources. The Company's organizational structure has no divisions or subsidiaries dictated by product lines, geography or customer type. Operations. The Company has experienced net losses since its inception and, as of December 31, 2003, had an accumulated deficit of approximately $123.6 million. The Company is currently facing the challenge of identifying potential applications, and the ongoing development and refinement, of its commercial products. This ongoing research and development is expected to require significant additional outlays of capital. The Company has taken significant actions over the last two years to reduce its cash expenditures for product development, infrastructure and production readiness. Headcount, development spending and capital expenditures have also been significantly reduced. The Company has focused its activity on market analysis in terms of size of markets, competitive aspects and advantages that the Company's products could provide. Preliminary design of potential products for markets for its flywheel products under consideration has continued. No expenditures for prototype development or production capabilities will be made until the specific markets to be served have been defined. The Company has begun production of an inverter product for solar energy applications. The Company must raise additional equity to execute its business plan and continue as a going concern. Based on the Company's current cash usage rates and additional expenditures expected in support of its business plan the Company will need to obtain an equity investment by early 2005 to cover expenses relating to continuing operations, working capital, completing additional inverter products' prototype development and production of emerging inverter products. In the event that the Company elects to begin full scale development of its Smart Energy Matrix systems, the amount of equity required would increase substantially. 2. Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation Going concern. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization of assets and the satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. As shown in the consolidated financial statements, the Company incurred significant losses from continuing operations of $8,618,000, $20,839,000, and $26,146,000 and cash decreases of $8,907,000, $16,379,000 and $27,896,000, during the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2000, respectively. The Company has $9,314,000 of cash and cash equivalents on hand at December 31, 2003. The Company has not recorded any revenue from sales of its products. These factors, among others, indicate that the Company may be unable to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. Management recognizes that the Company's continuation as a going concern is dependent upon its ability to generate sufficient cash flow to allow the Company to satisfy its obligations on a timely basis. The generation of sufficient cash flow is dependent, not only on the successful expansion of the Company's share of the market for its current product and the establishment of new markets for products under development, but also on its ability to obtain additional equity investments. Management believes that the successful achievement of these initiatives combined with the generation of additional cash via equity offerings, should provide the Company with sufficient resources to meet its near term cash requirements. In addition, the Company is also considering a number of other strategic financing alternatives, however, no assurance can be made with respect to the long-term viability of the Company. Accounting Principles. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Consolidation. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary Beacon Power Securities Corporation. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Recapitalization. The accompanying financial statements reflect a recapitalization of the Company in 1997 when one shareholder exchanged shares of common stock for Class A preferred stock. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates. The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include demand deposits and highly liquid investments with maturity of three months or less when acquired. Cash equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates market value. Inventories. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out method) or market and consist of raw materials, work in process and finished goods held for resale. Inventory balances are comprised of the following amounts as of December 31, 2003: Raw materials $ 104,362 Work in progress 26,001 Finished goods 108,321 ---------------------- Total inventories $ 238,684 Investments. The Company's investment in Evergreen Solar (see Note 13) is classified as available-for-sale and is recorded on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value. Unrealized gains or losses on this investment are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of any tax effect. Employee Advances. During 2001, the Company advanced approximately $785,000 to three officers of the Company. These advances are interest bearing and secured by the officers' holdings of Beacon Power Corporation common stock and were provided to the officers to allow them to exercise stock options and in one case, to pay the related taxes. Through December 31, 2003, the Company had collected approximately $667,000 in principal payments on these advances. In June 2002, due to the current market value of the pledged securities and the uncertainty of collection of the advance, the Company took a charge in the amount of $426,000 to reserve the remaining balance of the advance to Mr. William Stanton, its former CEO and president. During 2003, a portion of this reserve was reversed due to a partial payment of $323,000 from the proceeds of the sale of the Beacon common stock that secured the loan. This balance of this loan of $118,000 is still reserved, however, it has not been cancelled. Mr. Stanton continues to be a director of the Company. This charge is included in other expenses in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. All other officers have paid their respective loan balances in full as of December 31, 2003. Property and Equipment. Property and equipment, including leasehold improvements, are stated at cost and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Other Assets. Other assets consist of intellectual property relating to the Company's Smart Power M5 inverter system purchased from Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. and deposits securing performance on the Company's operating lease of its facility. Loss on Sales Commitments. At December 31, 2003 the Company had no sales commitments and therefore no analysis of loss on sales commitments was required. When the Company has sales commitments that are firm, have fixed-prices, and the direct costs to manufacture products covered by the Company's firm sales commitments are in excess of the fixed selling prices, revenue and cost of revenue on such sales commitments are recorded as deliveries are made. Direct costs consist of materials and direct labor costs. These excess costs have been estimated and accrued as losses on sales commitments in the period in which the sales commitment is made. Estimates of costs to manufacture products are reviewed and revised periodically and changes in estimated losses from such revisions are recorded in the accounting period in which the revisions are made. Long-Lived Assets. In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets", long-lived assets to be held and used by the Company are reviewed to determine whether any events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The conditions considered include whether or not the asset is in service, has become obsolete, or whether external market circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. The Company recognizes a loss for the difference between the estimated fair value of the asset and the carrying amount. The fair value of the asset is measured using either available market prices or estimated discounted cash flows. The Company's analyses indicate that there has been an impairment of long-lived assets and recognized an asset impairment charge in 2003 and restructuring and asset impairment charges in 2002. Restructuring and asset impairment charges. The Company's initial products were focused on the telecom industry. As a result of the overall economic downturn and in particular the significant decline in capital and maintenance spending in telecom as well as the low price of lead-acid batteries, the Company has not been successful in selling products into this market. Therefore, in December of 2003, the Company recorded a non-cash asset impairment charge of $0.4 million in order to reduce the carrying amount of its flywheel related patents and patents pending as the estimated future cash flows anticipated from these assets is substantially in doubt. Also, in July 2002, in an effort to reduce its monthly cash-spending rate, the Company implemented a number of cost-cutting measures to ensure the availability of resources necessary to pursue its business strategy for a reasonable period but at a significantly lower cash expenditure rate. As a result, a substantial portion of its long-term assets have been idled, including machinery and equipment, tooling, office furniture and fixtures, and equipment and leasehold improvements. The Company has evaluated all of its property and equipment as required by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 "Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets" and, as a result, has taken a restructuring and impairment charge of $6.5 million of which $4.3 million represents impaired capital equipment and leasehold improvements, $.3 million relates to severance costs and $1.9 million relates to a reserve against future lease payments and related facility costs. The assets held for sale have been grouped together and classified as "Assets held for sale" in the current assets section of the balance sheet. Assets held for sale have been written down to their fair value based on quotes from vendors and other market factors. The reserve against future lease payments is classified as "Restructuring reserve" in the current liabilities section of the balance sheet. The restructuring reserves are as follows: Beginning balance at December 31, 2002 $ 1,749,738 Charges for the period - Payments (343,547) ------------------ Ending balance at December 31, 2003 $ 1,406,191 ================== Revenue Recognition. Revenue is recognized on transfer of title, typically when products are shipped and all related costs are estimable. For sales to distributors, the Company makes an adjustment to defer revenue until they are subsequently sold by distributors. Stock-Based Compensation. In 2002 the Company implemented FASB Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 148 ("SFAS 148"), "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation-Transition and Disclosure." SFAS 148 amends current disclosure requirements and requires prominent disclosures on both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results. This statement is effective for financial reports containing financial statements for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2002. SFAS 148 also provides alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to fair-value based methods of accounting, which have not been adopted at this time. Compensation expense associated with awards of stock or options to employees is measured using the intrinsic-value method. Deferred compensation expense associated with awards to non-employees is measured using the fair-value method and is amortized over the vesting period of three years using a calculation under FASB Interpretation No. 28, "Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans." No stock-based compensation is reflected in net earnings for options granted to employees as all options granted under the plan had an exercise price equal to or greater than the market price of the underlying stock at the date of the grant. The following table illustrates the effect on net earnings and earnings per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123 "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" to stock-based employee compensation. Year Ended December 31, --------------------------------------------------- 2003 2002 2001 --------------------------------------------------- Net loss to common shareholders as reported $ (8,618,013) $(20,839,251) $(26,145,668) Pro forma compensation expense 400,148 2,998,612 2,608,000 --------------------------------------------------- Net loss--pro forma $ (9,018,161) $(23,837,863) $(28,753,668) =================================================== Loss per share--as reported $ (0.20) $ (0.49) $ (0.61) Loss per share--pro forma $ (0.21) $ (0.56) $ (0.68) The fair value of the options on their grant date was measured using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Key assumptions used to apply this option-pricing model are as follows: 2003 2002 2001 -------------------------------------------------------------- Risk-free interest rate 1.22% - 3.56% 2.48% - 3.56% 3.0% - 6.25% Expected life of option 1-3 years 1-3 years 1-3 years Expected dividend payment rate, as a percentage of the stock price on the date of grant 0% 0% 0% Assumed volatility 109% - 137% 130% - 137% 100% - 135% The option-pricing model used was designed to value readily tradable stock options with relatively short lives. However, management believes that the assumptions used to value the options and the model applied yield a reasonable estimate of the fair value of the grants made under the circumstances (see also Note 8). Income Taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and tax loss and credit carry forwards using the currently enacted tax rates and laws. A valuation allowance is provided to the extent realization of deferred tax assets is not considered more likely than not (see Note 11). Research and Development. Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Financial Instruments. The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable, accrued expenses, notes payable to investors and capital lease obligations approximate their fair values. Concentration of Credit Risk. Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents. At December 31, 2003 and 2002, the Company had cash balances at a financial institution in excess of federally insured limits. However, the Company does not believe that it is subject to unusual credit risk beyond the normal credit risk associated with commercial banking relationships. Comprehensive Loss. Comprehensive loss is the combination of reported net loss and other comprehensive income, which consists of the unrealized gain on the Company's investment in Evergreen Solar. Loss Per Share - Basic and Diluted. Basic loss per share has been computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. Diluted loss per share was computed in the same manner. Potentially dilutive securities have been excluded from the computation, as their effect is antidilutive. 3. Property and Equipment Property and equipment consisted of the following at December 31: Estimated Useful December 31, December 31, Lives 2003 2002 ------------- -------------------- -------------------- Machinery and equipment 5 years $2,111,972 $1,998,631 Service vehicles 5 years 63,792 63,792 Furniture and fixtures 7 years 685,535 717,293 Office equipment 3 years 2,028,545 1,914,195 Leasehold improvements Lease term 2,072,577 2,072,577 Equipment under capital lease obligations Lease term 1,008,985 1,081,726 -------------------- -------------------- Total $7,971,406 $7,848,214 Less accumulated depreciation and amortization (3,453,209) (2,996,079) -------------------- -------------------- Property and equipment, before impairment $4,518,197 $4,852,135 -------------------- -------------------- Less impairment reserve (4,161,017) (4,289,206) -------------------- -------------------- Property and equipment, net $357,180 $562,929 ==================== ==================== 4. Commitments The Company leases office and light manufacturing space under an operating lease through September 30, 2007. At December 31, 2003, the Company has provided the lessor with an irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $355,232. The Company entered into a manufacturing agreement with a vendor for an integral component of the Company's M5 power conversion system. The Company provided the vendor with an irrevocable letter of credit in the amount of $50,000 that expires on October 3, 2004. Both letters of credit are secured by a cash deposit. Future minimum annual lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases as of December 31, 2003 are as follows: 2004 490,675 2005 500,359 2006 529,413 2007 $397,059 Total rent expense was $215,415, $436,083, and $567,239, during 2003, 2002, and 2001, respectively. The Company has placed purchase orders with its suppliers to fulfill its Smart Power M5 production requirements for 2004. These orders include non-cancelable commitments of approximately $855,000. 5. Preferred Stock As a result of the initial public offering of the Company's common stock and the conversion of all outstanding shares of all classes of the preferred stock, the Company amended its charter and cancelled all its classes of preferred stock. The Company then added a new class of preferred stock that can be issued in the future by filing a Certificate of Designations with the specific terms as set by its Board of Directors. At December 31, 2003 and 2002, there are 10 million shares of preferred stock authorized with none outstanding. 6. Common Stock Initial Public Offering. During the fourth quarter of 2000, the Company sold 9,200,000 shares of its common stock, inclusive of the underwriters' over allotment, at an initial public offering price of $6 per share. Net proceeds to the Company as a result of the stock offering totaled approximately $49.3 million reflecting gross proceeds of $55.2 million net of underwriter commissions of approximately $3.9 million and other estimated offering costs of approximately $2.0 million. Shareholder rights plan. In September 2002, the Company's Board of Directors approved a Shareholder Rights Plan. Under the plan, each holder of common stock on October 7, 2002 automatically received a distribution of one Right for each share of common stock held. Each Right entitles the holder to purchase 1/100th of a share of the Company's newly issued preferred stock for $22.50 in the event that any person not approved by the board of directors acquires more than 15% (35% in the case of one large shareholder that already owned more than 15%) of the outstanding common stock, or in the event that the Company is acquired by another company, $22.50 worth of the common stock of the other company at half its market value (in each case any rights held by the acquiring person are not exercisable and become void). Reserved Shares. At December 31, 2003, 11,755,157 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the Company's stock option plan and outstanding warrants. 7. Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stock Warrants Class D Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Class D Stock Warrants. Prior to its initial public offering, the Company's capital structure included Class D redeemable convertible preferred stock ("Class D Stock"). All outstanding shares of the Class D Stock plus accrued dividends were either converted into shares of common stock during the initial public offering or were paid in cash in February 2001. After the initial public offering, the Company amended its charter and cancelled all its Class D Stock. Under the conditions of the Class D Stock offering, the Company issued warrants in October 1999 to three investors to purchase 772,500 shares of common stock at $1.67, 772,500 shares of common stock at $2.25, and 772,500 shares of common stock at $3.00 (the "October 1999 warrants"). The estimated fair value of the warrants at the date of their issuance was $280,000. Upon issuance of the warrants, this amount was recorded as a dividend to the holders of the Class D Stock and credited to additional paid-in-capital. These warrants expire December 31, 2004. Additional warrants were issued under the Class D Stock agreement during April 2000 to three investors to purchase 712,500 shares of common stock at $1.67 per share, 712,500 shares of common stock at $2.25 per share, and 712,500 shares of common stock at $3.00 per share. Upon issuance of these warrants, the Company recorded a dividend of approximately $1,300,000 for the fair market value of these warrants based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model. These warrants expire December 31, 2004. In December 2000, an investor exercised a portion of its warrants, in a cashless transaction, to purchase 300,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $1.67, 300,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $2.25 and 300,000 shares of the Company's common stock at $3.00 per share. Net shares issued totaled 608,843. Class E Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Class E Stock Warrants. Prior to its initial public offering, the Company's capital structure included Class E redeemable convertible preferred stock ("Class E Stock"). All outstanding shares of the Class E Stock plus accrued dividends were either converted into shares of common stock during the initial public offering or were paid in cash in February 2001. After the initial public offering, the Company amended its charter and cancelled all its Class E Stock. In conjunction with the issuance of the Senior Notes in August 1999, the Company issued warrants to four investors to purchase 315,000 shares of Class E Stock at an exercise price of $2.50 per share (the "August 1999 warrants"). The estimated fair value of these warrants at the date of grant was $170,000. This amount was recorded as a discount on the Senior Notes and was charged to interest expense in 1999, as the Senior Notes were demand notes. These warrants were to expire on August 2, 2004. In conjunction with the Class E Stock conversion, warrants to purchase 315,000 shares, issued in conjunction with the issuance of the Senior Notes in August 1999, were cancelled. In exchange, warrants to purchase 306,535 shares of Class E Stock at $2.50 per share were issued. These warrants expire April 7, 2005. The estimated fair market value of these warrants was approximately $344,000. Since these warrants replaced the August 2, 1999 warrants, the amount allocated to the August 1999 warrants have been reallocated to Class E Stock Warrants and the remaining $174,000 was charged to interest expense in the year ended December 31, 2000. As a result of the initial public stock offering by the Company in the fourth quarter of 2000, the holders of the warrants are now entitled to purchase 613,070 shares of the Company's common stock instead of the Class E Stock. In December 2000, an investor exercised its 102,398 of its warrants, in a cashless transaction, to purchase 84,433 shares of the Company's common stock. Class F Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Class F Stock Warrants. Prior to its initial public offering, the Company's capital structure included Class F redeemable convertible preferred stock ("Class F Stock"). All outstanding shares of the Class F Stock plus accrued dividends were either converted into shares of common stock during the initial public offering or were paid in cash in February 2001. After the initial public offering, the Company amended its charter and cancelled all its Class F Stock. In conjunction with the issuance of the Class F Stock, the Company issued warrants to seven investors to purchase 6,333,333 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $2.25. The estimated fair value of the warrants at the date of their issuance was $33,000,000. This amount was recorded as a dividend to the holders of the Class F Stock and credited to additional paid-in-capital during 2000. These warrants expire on May 23, 2005. During December 2000, two investors exercised 1,884,800 of their warrants, in a cashless transaction, to purchase 1,289,600 shares of the Company's common stock. Consultant Warrants. The Company issued warrants to two consultants that are exercisable for an aggregate of 70,000 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $6.00 per share. The holder of one of these warrants to purchase 50,000 shares of common stock may exercise its warrant at any time prior to January 31, 2002. None of these warrants were exercised prior to January 31, 2002 and the warrants have expired. The holder of the other warrant to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock may exercise its warrant at any time prior to August 2, 2005. These warrants were fully vested upon the issuance and the Company recorded a charge to consulting expense of $213,861. On October 24, 2000, the Company issued 240,000 warrants to an investor at an exercise price of $2.10 per share in conjunction with an agreement by an affiliate of that investor to provide the Company with technical expertise. One half of the warrants vest immediately and the remainder vest as services are utilized. During the fourth quarter of 2000, the company recorded a charge to consulting expense for $1,355,505 to recognize the fair market value of the vested warrants. The Company has deferred the remaining warrants and will revalue the amount and record additional expense as necessary in future quarters as the remaining services are provided. Deferred compensation relating to these warrants was approximately $105,000 and $18,000 at December 31, 2003 and 2002. The agreement terminates and any unvested options are forfeited on October 24, 2005. All warrants were valued on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes (common stock) or the Binary Option Pricing Model (preferred stock). The assumptions used to value these warrants were as follows: April August October 2000 2000 1999 1999 1997 Warrants Warrants Warrants Warrants Warrants ------------------------------------------------------------ Risk-free interest rate 6.15% 6.5% 5.62% 5.86% 6.25% Expected life of warrant 12 months Various 30 months 27 months 24 months Expected dividend payment rate, as a percentage of the stock price on the date of grant 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Assumed volatility 73% 100% 60% 60% 48% 8. Stock Options The Company's option plans provide for the granting of stock options to purchase up to 9,000,000 shares of the Company's common stock. Options may be granted to employees, officers, directors and consultants of the Company with terms of up to 10 years. Under the terms of the option plans, incentive stock options ("ISOs") are to be granted at fair market value of the Company's stock at the date of grant, and nonqualified stock options (NSOs) are to be granted at a price determined by the Board of Directors. ISOs and NSOs generally vest ratably over 36 months from the grant date and have contractual lives of up to 10 years. Stock option activity since inception is as follows: Weighted- Weighted- Average Average Number of Exercise Fair Shares Price Value ------------------------------------ Outstanding at inception - Granted 5,757,688 $ 2.17 1.35 Exercised (480,266) 0.89 Canceled, forfeited or expired (544,382) 1.99 ------------------------------------ Outstanding, December 31, 2000 4,733,040 2.50 Granted 2,361,007 2.94 1.93 Exercised (682,586) 1.05 Canceled, forfeited or expired (1,561,560) 4.07 ------------------------------------ Outstanding, December 31, 2001 4,849,901 2.37 Granted 3,050,628 1.16 0.38 Exercised - - Canceled, forfeited or expired (2,513,186) 2.25 ------------------------------------ Outstanding, December 31, 2002 5,387,343 1.78 Granted 367,099 1.26 0.07 Exercised (289,135) 0.81 Canceled, forfeited or expired (2,649,378) 1.95 ------------------------------------ Outstanding, December 31, 2003 2,815,929 $ 1.59 ======================== The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2003: Weighted- Vested -------------------------------- Average Weighted- Weighted- Number Remaining Average Average of Options Contractual Exercise Number Exercise Exercise Price Outstanding Life Price of Options Price $.255-$.89 2,022,228 7.9 $0.80 1,815,566 $0.81 $1.00 - $2.50 399,104 6.82 $2.20 399,104 $2.20 $3.00 - $4.10 190,000 6.57 $3.94 190,000 $3.94 $5.10 - $6.10 171,541 7.06 $5.64 163,203 $5.66 $6.90 - $7.22 21,389 8.16 $7.08 18,889 $7.09 $9.25 - $9.31 11,667 7.43 $9.30 11,667 $9.30 Included in the above schedules are grants of 0, 45,000, 0 and 130,000 options made to non-employee consultants in 2003, 2002, 2001 and 2000, respectively. 9. Employee Stock Purchase Plan On October 15, 2000 the Company adopted an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "Plan") under which eligible employees are able to purchase shares of the Company's Common Stock at 85% of the market value at the date of the start of each six month option period or the end of such period, whichever is lower. Under the provisions of the Plan up to 1,000,000 shares are authorized. Shares purchased under the Plan in 2003, 2002 and 2001 totaled 5,494, 42,041 and 54,956, respectively and the weighted average grant date fair value of the shares purchased was $0.18 in 2003, $0.28 in 2002 and $2.00 in 2001. There are 897,509 shares available under the Plan at December 31, 2003. 10. Restricted Stock Units. During 2003 the Company put into place a long-term incentive plan (LTIP) for all executives and employees for 2003 and 2004. Based on the Company's cash requirements and the need to retain its professional staff, the Company determined that it would be in the best interest of it and its employees to implement a Deferred Compensation Plan The LTIP has eliminated the previous cash bonus structure for successful performance and replaced it with a program whereby the Company establishes goals that are strategically aligned to the Company's performance and, therefore, shareholder value. The LTIP agreement is intended to provide employees deferred compensation in the form of restricted stock units (or "RSUs") at no cost to the recipient, that can be converted into shares of Company's common stock through establishing and evaluating quarterly, or in some cases yearly, targets for the employee and, following each quarter, determining the number of RSUs to accrue and to be granted in four equal installments in the fiscal year following the fiscal year with respect to which employee accrued the RSUs. Employees have the right to convert their RSUs into shares at any time after such grant, subject to a quarterly vesting schedule. The Company's employees earned 667,151 RSUs for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, which are not available for exercise until satisfaction of the quarterly vesting period during 2004. The grants are recorded as deferred stock compensation until they are earned over the vesting schedule, at which time, the value of the RSUs will be recorded as compensation expense in the Company's Income Statement. 11. Income Taxes The components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes consisted of the following: Cumulative from date of inception through Year ended December 31, December 31, -------------------------------------------------- Components of Provision 2003 2002 2001 2003 ------------------------------------------------------------------- State Current $ 1,956 $ - $ 17,156 $ 19,112 Federal Def (5,807,539) (7,377,177) (9,919,839) (32,847,774) State Def (1,169,696) (824,557) (1,679,472) (5,483,483) Increase in Valuation 6,977,235 8,201,734 11,599,311 38,331,257 ------------------------------------------------------------------- Provision/(Benefit) $ 1,956 $ - $ 17,156 $ 19,112 =================================================================== A reconciliation of the statutory federal rate to the effective rate for all periods is as follows: Statutory federal rate benefit (34) % State, net of federal effect (6) Valuation allowance provided 40 ----- Effective rate --% The components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities consisted of the following at December 31: 2003 2002 ---------------------------------- Long term assets: Net operating loss carryforwards $ 29,965,300 $ 26,081,296 Research & development credits 2,577,524 2,214,815 Loss on sales commitments 0 0 Restructuring reserves 2,373,598 2,415,578 Other 135,966 642,333 ---------------------------------- Net deferred tax assets before valuation 35,052,388 31,354,022 allowance Less valuation allowance (35,052,388) (31,354,022) ---------------------------------- Net deferred tax assets $ - $ - ================================== The valuation allowance increased by $3,698,366 in 2003 and $8,201,734 in 2002, primarily due to the generation of net operating loss carry forwards and credits for which realization is not reasonably assured. The Company has available for future periods net operating loss carry forwards for federal and state tax purposes of approximately $75,080,000 and $73,746,000, respectively, as of December 31, 2003. In addition, the Company has business credits of approximately $1,734,000 and $843,203 for federal and state purposes, respectively as of December 31, 2003. The net operating loss carry forwards begin to expire in 2012 for federal and 2002 for state tax purposes. The federal research and development credits begin to expire in 2012. The Company did not pay any income taxes from inception to December 31, 2003. Under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, certain substantial changes in the Company's ownership may have limited, or may limit in the future, the amount of net operating loss carry forwards which could be utilized annually to offset future taxable income and income tax liabilities. The amount of any annual limitation is determined based upon the Company's value prior to an ownership change. 12. Benefit Plan In 1998, the Company created a 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan (the "Plan") for its full-time employees. Each participant in the Plan may elect to contribute a percentage of his or her annual compensation to the Plan on a pre-tax basis up to the annual limit established by the Internal Revenue Service. The Company matches employee contributions at a rate of 50% up to the first 6% of the employee's contributions. The Company may also elect to make a profit-sharing contribution at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Employee contributions are fully vested. Company matching and profit sharing contributions vest 20% after two years of service consisting of at least 1,000 hours per calendar year and 20% annually thereafter. Company contributions were $63,671, $113,257 and $189,883 during 2003, 2002 and 2001 respectively. 13. Related Party Transactions Strategic Investment. On May 15, 2003, the Company invested $1,000,000 in the Series A Preferred Stock of Evergreen Solar, Inc., a public company, which specializes in renewable energy sources, in order to develop a strategic relationship with that company. This investment was part of a larger financing provided by several investors. The Company made its investment on the same terms as the other investors in this financing. The Company purchased 892,857 shares of the Series A Preferred Stock of Evergreen, for $1.12 per share. In addition the Company purchased a three-year warrant exercisable for 2,400,000 shares of Evergreen's common stock. The warrant has a purchase price of $100,000 and a cash exercise price of $3.37 per share. Evergreen's financing was a private placement of $29.475 million of its Series A Preferred Stock and the above warrant. Perseus 2000, L.L.C., an affiliate of one of the Company's stockholders, Perseus Capital, L.L.C., invested $3 million in Evergreen's Series A Preferred Stock, and led the investor group in this financing. Mr. Philip J. Deutch and Mr. Kenneth M. Socha, members of the Board of Directors of the Company, are Managing Director and Senior Managing Director, respectively, of Perseus, L.L.C., and Mr. Deutch is one of four individuals from the Evergreen investor group that was added to the Board of Directors of Evergreen when the investment closed. 14. Quarterly Results (Unaudited) In management's opinion, this unaudited information includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the information for the quarters presented. The operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results for any future quarters. 2003 First Second Third Fourth Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter --------------------------------------------------------------- Revenue $ - $ - $ - $ - Loss from operations $ (2,277,244) $ (2,256,698) $ (2,056,258) $ (2,547,488) Net loss $ (2,229,375) $ (2,218,750) $ (1,708,861) $ (2,461,027) Loss per share - basic and diluted $ (0.05) $ (0.05) $ (0.04) $ (0.06) Weighted-average common shares outstanding 42,812,897 42,814,929 42,883,762 43,028,761 2002 First Second Third Fourth Quarter Quarter Quarter Quarter --------------------------------------------------------------- Revenue $ - $ - $ - $ - Loss from operations $ (5,681,606) $ (3,746,500) $ (9,258,822) $ (2,180,493) Net loss $ (5,550,895) $ (4,037,184) $ (9,150,158) $ (2,101,015) Loss per share - basic and diluted $ (0.13) $ (0.09) $ (0.21) $ (0.05) Weighted-average common shares outstanding 42,770,856 42,795,821 42,809,361 42,811,667 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Mr. F. William Capp, the Company's Chief Executive Officer, and Mr. James M. Spiezio, the Company's Chief Financial Officer, have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2003. Based upon that evaluation, they have concluded that the Company had in place on that date controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Since the date of the evaluation, there have been no significant changes in the Company's internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls. PART III Item 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant Information concerning executive officers of the Company that responds to this Item is incorporated by reference from Item 4A contained in Part 1 of this Form 10-K. Members of the current board of directors are as follows: Name and Age Principal Occupation and Other Information - -------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------- William E. Stanton, age 60 -- Mr. Stanton has been a director of the Company since its formation in 1997. He served as the President and CEO of the Company from January 1998 through December of 2001. Prior to joining Beacon, Mr. Stanton was the Chief Operating Officer of SatCon from September 1995 to May 1997, where he managed operations and the strategy development to convert SatCon from a contract research and development company to a commercial product organization. This strategy included the formation of Beacon Power. Prior to joining SatCon, Mr. Stanton was one of two Vice Presidents of Operations at the Charles Stark Draper Laboratory where he managed $75,000,000 of contract research and development annually. At Draper, he had also served as the Vice President of Corporate Development, where he led strategic planning, developed and managed a $25,000,000 annual corporate research and development program, and helped create new business units that were generating over $30,000,000 in software and avionics products annually. Mr. Stanton received a Bachelor's Degree in Electrical Engineering from the University of Maine, a Master's Degree in Instrumentation and Control from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a Master's in Business Administration from the Harvard Business School. Mr. Stanton's term of office expires in 2006. F. William Capp, age 55 -- Mr. Capp has served as the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer since December 1, 2001 when he joined Beacon Power. Prior to joining Beacon Power, Mr. Capp was the President of the Telecommunications group of Bracknell Corporation, a company that provided infrastructure for the telecommunications industry with annual sales of $350 million and 30 regional offices in the US and Canada. From 1997-2000, Mr. Capp served as the President of a division of York International where he increased aftermarket sales by over 50% from 1997 to 1999, which were the two most profitable years in that division's history. From 1978-1997, Mr. Capp held numerous positions at Ingersoll Rand. From 1992-1997, he served as Vice President and General Manager of the Compressor Division were he was responsible for an operation with over 700 employees. He managed a complex supply chain including over $100 million in purchases from a variety of companies. From 1989-1992, Mr. Capp was the Vice President of Technology for the Torrington Company, which is a $900 million manufacturer of bearings and precision components to the automotive and other industries worldwide. Mr. Capp assisted in the development of new products, new manufacturing technologies and project management. He also held numerous other engineering positions within Ingersoll Rand. Prior to joining Ingersoll Rand in 1978, he worked for Ford's Truck Division in such positions as project engineering, supervisor, and product planning. Mr. Capp received his Bachelor of Science in Aeronautical Engineering from Purdue University, a Master of Business Administration and a Master Degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Michigan. He also has his Black Belt Training Program from the American Society for Quality. Mr. Capp has been a member of the board since December 2001. Mr. Capp's term of office expires in 2005. Kenneth M. Socha, age 57 -- Mr. Socha has served as Senior Managing Director of Perseus Capital since 1996. From January 1, 1998 to June 30, 1991 he was a partner of Dewey Ballantine in New York City. In June of 1991, he joined Rappahannock Investment Company, the predecessor of Perseus Capital. Mr. Socha is a director of four private companies in which Perseus has investments. He is a graduate of the University of Notre Dame and the Duke University School of Law. Mr. Socha has served as a director since October 1998 and serves as Chairman of the Company's compensation committee and is a member of the audit committee. Mr. Socha's term of office expires in 2004. Philip J. Deutch, age 39 -- Mr. Deutch has served as a Managing Director of Perseus since 1997. In this position, Mr. Deutch has led Perseus' investments in numerous energy technology companies. Mr. Deutch serves on the board of directors of Metallic Power, Evergreen Solar, and International Marketing Concepts. Assuming the closing of the committed financing of Evergreen Solar, Inc. Mr. Deutch will also join the board of directors of that company. Prior to joining Perseus, Mr. Deutch was an attorney at Williams & Connolly LLP. and worked in the Mergers and Acquisitions Department of Morgan Stanley & Co. in New York City. In this position, Mr. Deutch was a member of execution teams for acquisitions, divestitures, and leveraged buyouts. Mr. Deutch is a graduate, with distinction, of Stanford Law School and of Amherst College where he was elected a member of Phi Beta Kappa. Mr. Deutch is a term member of the Council of Foreign Relations and serves on the board of directors of the City Lights School, and the International Center for Research on Women. Mr. Deutch has served as a director of the Company since October 1998 and is a member of the audit committee. Mr. Deutch's term of office expires in 2005. Jack P. Smith, age 55 -- Mr. Smith is President of More Space Place, Inc., a leading producer and retailer of furniture system solutions. Currently located mainly in Florida, the company has several retail locations in other states as well. Mr. Smith is also a Partner and Director of SilverSmith Inc., a firm producing and selling gas well metering systems. These systems employ radio telemetry, satellite connectivity to the internet and data management by the company, allowing customers real time internet based access to remote gas well production and also enabling certain remote control features. Prior to these ventures Mr. Smith served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Holland Neway International in Muskegon, Michigan, a leading designer and manufacturer of suspension systems and brake actuators for the commercial vehicle market. In 2000, this 650-person company had worldwide sales of $200 million. During his tenure, Smith was responsible for growing sales of Holland Neway (formerly Neway Anchorlok International) from $70 million to the present level of $200 million. He developed a comprehensive strategic vision for growth that has enabled the company to successfully grow despite stiff competition and steadily declining market prices for brake and suspension components. In 1992, Smith led the company's divestiture from Lear Siegler to American Industrial Partners (AIP), a financial buyer. In 1995, Smith led a successful management buyout of the company with equity partner Kohlberg Kravis Roberts. From 1992 to 1999, these transactions generated an equity return of over $110 million. Smith also held the positions of V.P. of Engineering and Quality Assurance at Neway Anchorlok International and directed the engineering and quality assurance departments. Earlier, he was Chief Engineer. From 1972 to 1982, Smith was Design Group Leader at the Ford Motor Company - Heavy Truck Division, in Dearborn, Michigan, where he also held positions as project engineer, and product planning analyst. Smith also serves on the board of directors of Bissell Corporation in Grand Rapids, Michigan, SRAM Corporation in Chicago, and Weasler Engineering, Inc. in West Bend, Wisconsin. He is a Foundation Board member of Grand Valley State University. A resident of Grand Rapids, Michigan, Smith attended the University of Michigan where he earned bachelor's (1970) and master's (1971) degrees in mechanical engineering and an MBA (1979.) Mr. Smith has served on the board of the Company since August 2001, is a member of the compensation committee and is the acting chairman of the audit committee. Mr. Smith's term of office expires in 2004. Audit Committee. The current Audit Committee members are Messrs. Smith, Socha and Deutch. The members of the Audit Committee will meet the requirements of the Nasdaq's recently adopted listing standards when the same become applicable to the Company. Mr. Smith is the only current director that is "independent" as defined in those new standards. No member of the Audit Committee is an Audit Committee Financial Expert. The Company has been unable to attract a person who would qualify as such to sit on its Board of Directors. The Board has designated Mr. Smith as the financial expert within the meaning of SEC regulations and the Nasdaq's listing standards. The Committee is appointed by and reports to the Board of Directors. Its responsibilities include, but are not limited to, the appointment, compensation and dismissal of the independent auditors, review of the scope and results of the independent auditors' audit activities, evaluation of the independence of the independent auditors, and review of the Company's accounting controls and policies, financial reporting practices and the internal audit control procedures and related reports of the Company. Compensation Committee. The current Compensation Committee members are Messrs. Smith and Socha. The Compensation Committee has the authority to set the compensation of Beacon's Chief Executive Officer and all executive officers and has the responsibility to review the design, administration and effectiveness of all programs and policies concerning executive compensation and establishing and reviewing general policies relating to compensation and benefits of employees. The Committee administers Beacon's Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Incentive Plan, Employee Stock Purchase Plan and its Restricted Stock Unit Incentive Plan. The Committee is composed of two non-employee directors who have no interlocking relationships as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Code of Ethics. In 2001, the Company updated its Code of Ethics for the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, its directors and employees (the "Code"). A copy of the Code may be found on the Internet at the Company's website, www.beaconpower.com. The Company intends to disclose on its website any amendments to the Code or any waiver from a provision of the Code. Item 11. Executive Compensation Annual Compensation Long Term Compensation --------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------- Awards Payouts ------------------------------- ------------- Restricted Securities All Other (2) Stock Underlying LTIP Name and Principal Position Year Salary Bonus Compensation Awards Options Payouts - -------------------------------------------- ------------ ---------- --------------- ---------------- -------------- ------------- F. William Capp (3) 2003 $220,000 $ - $ 71,335 $ 225,217 - $ - President and Chief Executive 2002 $220,000 $ - $ 212,685 $ - - $ - Officer 2001 $ 12,692 $ 90,000 $ 2,765 $ - 900,000 $ - Matthew L. Lazarewicz (4) 2003 $157,500 $ 20,000 $ 1,077 $ 108,422 - $ - Vice President and Chief Technical 2002 $157,500 $ 32,573 $ 1,073 $ - 80,000 $ - Officer 2001 $150,000 $ 35,000 $ 1,073 $ - - $ - James M. Spiezio (5) 2003 $168,000 $ 25,200 $ 3,103 $ 125,183 - $ - Vice President of Finance, Chief 2002 $168,000 $ 51,094 $ 3,094 $ - 80,000 $ - Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary 2001 $160,000 $ - $ 3,094 $ - - $ - William J. Driscoll (6) 2003 $ 87,404 $ - $ - $ - - $ - Former Vice President of Engineering 2002 $145,769 $ 21,839 $ - $ - 100,000 $ - 2001 $ 37,500 $ - $ - $ - 50,000 $ - Richard L. Hockney (7) 2003 $114,400 $ 2,500 $ - $ 27,706 - $ - Chief Engineer 2002 $ 97,223 $ - $ - $ - 25,000 $ - 2001 $ 70,548 $ - $ - $ - 3,000 $ - - ---------------------- 1) Columns required by the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission that contain no entries have been omitted. 2) Amounts represent term life insurance premiums paid by the executive and reimbursed by Beacon plus an amount to reimburse the executive for taxes paid on the amount of the premium. Mr. Capp also received other compensation relating to realtor expenses and temporary living costs and the related taxes on these items. 3) The Company hired Mr. Capp in December 2001. 4) The Company hired Mr. Lazarewicz in February 1999. 5) The Company hired Mr. Spiezio in May 2000. 6) Mr. Driscoll resigned from the Company in May 2003. 7) Mr. Hockney has been with the Company from its inception. Executive Employment Agreements. The Company has employment agreements with Messrs. Capp, Lazarewicz and Spiezio. In addition to the benefits described below, each executive is entitled to receive group health and dental benefits, group long and short term disability insurance coverage, 401(k) plan and stock plan participation, paid vacation and life insurance. Mr. Capp The term of the agreement is from December 1, 2003 to December 31, 2004. During this period, Mr. Capp is entitled to salary of $240,000 and a bonus of $240,000 if Mr. Capp achieves the performance goals set by the Board (which bonus may be more if the goals are exceeded or less if they are not reached). In addition, the Company will pay Mr. Capp a bonus of $45,000 related to 2002. Mr. Capp shall move to Massachusetts and will receive a bonus of $10,000 if he does so by May 1, 2004. The Company will reimburse him for certain out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with the move. Until Mr. Capp moves to Massachusetts (but not after May 1, 2004), the Company will reimburse him for the reasonable cost of an apartment (not to exceed $3500 per month). If the agreement is terminated by Mr. Capp without good reason (generally, a diminution of his duties or title, a breach of this agreement by the Company, a change of the Company's location, a sale of the Company or his removal from the Board) or by the Company for cause (generally, fraud or embezzlement, failure to cure a breach of this agreement within 30 days after notice, a material breach of a material Company policy or willful misconduct), then Mr. Capp will be entitled to his salary up to the date of termination. If the agreement is terminated by the Company without cause or by Mr. Capp for good reason, then Mr. Capp will be entitled to the remainder of his salary for the term and the portion of $225,217 equal to the percentage of the term that has elapsed (but not to exceed $192,000). In the event of Mr. Capp's death or disability, he or his estate shall be entitled to three months' salary. If the Company fails to offer Mr. Capp a new employment agreement by the end of the term, or if he continues thereafter as an employee-at-will, then he will be entitled to receive the same amount in 2005 as he received in 2004. Mr. Lazarewicz The term of the agreement is from October 25, 2002 to April 25, 2004. During this period Mr. Lazarewicz is entitled to salary of $167,000 per year and, at the discretion of the Board, a bonus. If the agreement is terminated by Mr. Lazarewicz without good reason (generally, a diminution of his duties or title, a breach of this agreement by the Company, a change of the Company's location, a sale of the Company or his removal from the Board) or by the Company for cause (generally, fraud or embezzlement, failure to cure a breach of this agreement within 30 days after notice, a material breach of a material Company policy or willful misconduct), then Mr. Lazarewicz will be entitled to his salary up to the date of termination. If the agreement is terminated by the Company without cause or by Mr. Lazarewicz for good reason, then Mr. Lazarewicz will be entitled to one years' salary and the portion of $108,422 equal to the percentage of the term that has elapsed (but not to exceed $78,750). In the event of Mr. Lazarewicz 's death or disability, he or his estate shall be entitled to three months' salary. In addition, in the event of Mr. Lazarewicz's death or disability or the termination by the Company without cause or by Mr. Lazarewicz for good reason, he is entitled to accelerated vesting of stock options. If the Company fails to offer Mr. Lazarewicz a new employment agreement by the end of the term, or if he continues thereafter as an employee-at-will, then he will be entitled to receive the same amount in 2005 as he received in 2004. Mr. Spiezio The term of the agreement began on October 25, 2002 and continues until it is terminated. During this period Mr. Spiezio is entitled to salary of $178,500 per year and, at the discretion of the Board, a bonus. If the agreement is terminated by Mr. Spiezio without good reason (generally, the Company's material breach of the agreement or a change of the Company's location) or by the Company for cause (having the same meaning as in Mr. Capp's agreement) then Mr. Spiezio will be entitled to his salary up to the date of termination. If the agreement is terminated by the Company without cause or by Mr. Spiezio for good reason, then Mr. Spiezio will be entitled to 48 weeks' salary. In the event of Mr. Spiezio's death or disability, he or his estate shall be entitled to three months' salary. Option Grants in Last Fiscal Year. There were no options granted to executive officers of the Company during the last fiscal year ending December 31, 2003. Aggregated Option/SAR Exercises in Last Fiscal Year and FY-End Option/SAR Values Shares Number of Securities Underlying Value of Unexercised in-the-money Acquired on Value Unexercised Options at Year End Options at Year End Exercise Realized Exercisable Unexercisable Exercisable Unexercisable - -------------------------- -------------- ------------ ---------------- ----------------- ---------------------- --------------- F. William Capp - $ - 900,000 - $ 180,000 $ - Matthew L. Lazarewicz - $ - 269,999 26,667 $ 54,133 $ 10,400 James M. Spiezio - $ - 206,666 26,667 $ 20,800 $ 10,400 William J. Driscoll - $ - - - $ - $ - Richard L. Hockney - $ - 18,667 9,333 $ 6,500 $ 3,250 Total value of exercisable and unexercisable options is derived from the difference between the fair market value ($1.09 as of December 31, 2003) of the Company's stock and the exercise price of the options at fiscal year-end. Long-Term Incentive Plans -- Awards in Last Fiscal Year Performance or Estimated Future Payouts Number Period Until Under Non-Stock Price Based Plans* ---------------------------------------- of Units Payout Threshold Target Maximum --------------- --------------------------- ---------------------------------------- F. William Capp 206,621 Quarterly during 2004 100% 100% 100% Matthew L. Lazarewicz 99,470 Quarterly during 2004 100% 100% 100% James M. Spiezio 114,847 Quarterly during 2004 100% 100% 100% William J. Driscoll - N/A 0% 0% 0% Richard L. Hockney 25,418 Quarterly during 2004 100% 100% 100% See note 16 to the financial statements for a full description of the Company's long-term incentive plan. Director Compensation. The Company has adopted a compensation package that consists of stock options and cash designed to compensate board members who are not employees ("non-employee directors"). All non-employee directors serving on the board of directors receive options to purchase 10,000 shares of the Company's common stock that vest monthly over a 12-month period and an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. On the anniversary date of each particular non-employee director's appointment to the Company's board, each non-employee director will receive additional options to purchase 10,000 shares of the Company's common stock that vest monthly over a 12-month period and have an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the common stock on the date of grant. Non-employee directors also receive an annual retainer of $10,000, payable quarterly, plus $2,000 for each board of directors meeting attended in person and $500 for each meeting attended by telephone. Audit committee members receive an annual retainer of $50,000 for 2003 and $30,000 for 2004 payable quarterly plus $500 per meeting. The board of directors will establish audit committee retainers for years subsequent to 2004 during 2004. All other committee members receive $500 per meeting. Directors are reimbursed for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the performance of their duties. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management The following table sets forth, as of March 31, 2004, certain information concerning the ownership of shares of Common Stock by (i) each person or group that the Company knows owns beneficially more than five percent of the issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock, (ii) each director and nominee for director, (iii) each named executive officer described in "Compensation of Executive Officers" below, and (iv) all directors and executive officers as a group. Except as otherwise indicated, each person named has sole investment and voting power with respect to his or its shares of Common Stock shown. Number of Percentage of Shares Common Stock Beneficially Beneficially Name and Address of Beneficial Owner (1) Owned (2) (3) Owned (2) (3) - ----------------------------------------------- ----------------------------- ----------------------------- F. William Capp 900,000 2.0% Matthew L. Lazarewicz (4) 410,813 * James M. Spiezio 233,333 * Philip J. Deutch 10,000 * Jack P. Smith (5) 27,333 * Kenneth M. Socha 10,000 * William E. Stanton (6) 11,000 * Perseus Capital, L.L.C. (7) 12,014,944 25.2% The Beacon Group Energy Investment Fund II, L.P. (8) 3,055,856 6.9% All directors and executive officers as a group (8 persons) 1,601,479 3.6% - -------------- * Less than 1%. (1) The address for all executive officers and directors is c/o Beacon Power Corporation, 234 Ballardvale Street, Wilmington, MA 01887. Messrs. Capp, Lazarewicz, and Spiezio are executive officers of Beacon. Messrs. Capp, Deutch, Smith, Socha and Stanton are directors of Beacon. (2) The number of shares beneficially owned by each stockholder is determined under rules issued by the Securities and Exchange Commission and includes voting or investment power with respect to those securities. Under these rules, beneficial ownership includes any shares as to which the individual or entity has sole or shared voting power or investment power and includes any shares as to which the individual or entity has the right to acquire beneficial ownership within 60 days after March 31, 2004 through the exercise of any warrant, stock option or other right. The inclusion in this proxy statement of these shares, however, does not constitute an admission that the named stockholder is a direct or indirect beneficial owner of those shares. The number of shares of common stock outstanding used in calculating the percentage for each listed person includes the shares of common stock underlying warrants or options held by that person that are exercisable or convertible within 60 days of March 31, 2004, but excludes shares of common stock underlying warrants or options held by any other person. (3) Includes the following number of shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options which may be exercised on or before May 30, 2004: Mr. Capp, 900,000; Mr. Spiezio, 233,333; Mr. Lazarewicz, 269,999; Mr. Deutch, 10,000; Mr. Smith, 25,833; Mr. Socha, 10,000; and Mr. Stanton, 10,000. (4) Includes 2,500 shares of common stock held in trust for Mr. Lazarewicz' wife and sister-in-law, for which Mr. Lazarewicz acts as sole trustee. Mr. Lazarewicz disclaims beneficial ownership over these shares. (5) Includes 500 shares of common stock held by Mr. Smith's son. Mr. Smith disclaims beneficial ownership over these shares. (6) Includes 1,000 shares of common stock held by Mr. Stanton's wife. Mr. Stanton disclaims beneficial ownership over these shares. (7) Includes shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants to purchase 4,512,593 shares of common stock. Perseus Capital's address is 2099 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Suite 900, Washington, DC 20006. Mr. Philip J. Deutch and Mr. Kenneth M. Socha, members of the Board of Directors of the Company, are also Managing Director and Senior Managing Director, respectively, of Perseus, L.L.C., (8) Includes shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants to purchase 1,018,000 shares of common stock. Beacon Group's address is 399 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10022. Equity compensation plan information The following table gives information about equity awards under the Company's stock option plan and employee stock purchase plan, as of December 31, 2003. - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of securities to be Weighted average exercise issued upon exercise of price of outstanding Number of securities outstanding options, options, warrants and remaining available for Plan category warrants and rights rights future issuance - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (a) (b) (c) - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Equity compensation plans - $ - - approved by security holders - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Equity compensation plans not 2,815,929 $ 1.84 5,681,891 approved by security holders - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 2,815,929 $ 1.84 5,681,891 - ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For additional information concerning the Company's equity compensation plans, see discussion in footnotes 8, 9 and 10 to the Company's consolidated financial statements, Stock Options, Employee Stock Purchase Plan and Restricted Stock Units. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions Strategic Investment On May 15, 2003, the Company invested $1,000,000 in Series A Preferred Stock of Evergreen Solar, Inc., a public company that specializes in renewable energy sources, in order to develop a strategic relationship with that company. This investment was part of a larger financing provided by several investors. The Company made its investment on the same terms as the other investors in this financing. The Company purchased 892,857 shares of Series A Preferred Stock of Evergreen, for $1.12 per share. In addition the Company also purchased a three-year warrant exercisable for 2,400,000 shares of Evergreen's common stock. The warrant has a purchase price of $100,000 and a cash exercise price of $3.37 per share Evergreen's financing was a private placement of $29.475 million of its Series A Preferred Stock and the above warrant. Perseus 2000, L.L.C., an affiliate of one of the Company's stockholders, Perseus Capital, L.L.C., invested $3 million in Evergreen's Series A Preferred Stock, and led the investor group in this financing. Mr. Philip J. Deutch and Mr. Kenneth M. Socha, members of the Board of Directors of the Company, are Managing Director and Senior Managing Director, respectively, of Perseus, L.L.C. Mr. Deutch led the Evergreen Solar Series A Preferred financing and is one of four individuals from the Evergreen investor group to be added to the Board of Directors of Evergreen. .. Messrs. Deutch and Socha disclosed their possible conflict relating to this transaction, and abstained from voting on the matter. Beacon's participation in the transaction was evaluated, debated and approved by all the disinterested directors of the Company, after full disclosure of relevant facts and circumstances. Mr. Deutch does not participate in discussions concerning this strategic investment. Advances to Certain Officers During 2001, the Company advanced approximately $785,000 to three officers of the Company. These advances are interest bearing and secured by the officers' holdings of Beacon Power Corporation common stock and options and were provided to the officers to allow them to exercise stock options and in one case, to pay the related taxes. Through December 31, 2003, the Company had collected approximately $667,000 in principal payments on these advances. In June 2002, due to the current market value of the pledged securities and the uncertainty of collection of the advance, the Company took a charge in the amount of $426,000 to reserve the remaining balance of the advance to Mr. William Stanton, its former CEO and president. During 2003, a portion of this reserve was reversed due to a partial payment of $323,000 from the proceeds of the sale of the Beacon stock that secured the loan. This balance of this loan of $118,000and is still reserved, however, it has not been cancelled. Mr. Stanton continues to be a director of the Company. This charge is included in other expenses in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. All other officers have paid their respective loan balances in full as of December 31, 2003. Agreement with GE Corporation Research and Development As a result of the investment in Beacon by GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc., the Company has entered into an agreement with GE Corporate Research and Development ("GE CR&D"), under which GE CR&D will provide the Company with technical expertise in controls and materials. Under the terms of that agreement, GE CR&D has agreed to make available to Beacon up to $2,000,000 of its services at cost and the Company has issued GE Equity a warrant to purchase 240,000 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $2.10 per share. Of these warrants, 120,000 vested immediately and 120,000 will vest ratably to the extent to which Beacon uses GE CR&D's services. This agreement terminates, and any unvested options are forfeited, on October 24, 2005. Beacon did not engage GE CR&D for any services during 2003; thus no other warrants were vested during 2003. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services 2003 2002 ------------- ------------- Audit Fees $122,960 $123,920 Audit-Related Fees - - Tax Fees 78,480 41,760 All Other Fees - - ------------- ------------- Total Fees $ 185,940 $ 167,680 ============= ============= The Company has engaged Deloitte and Touche, LLP as its principal auditors since before its initial public offering in November 2000. Audit Fees The aggregate audit fees billed by Deloitte and Touche for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 were $122,960 and $123,920, respectively. These fees include amounts for the audit of the Company's consolidated annual financial statements and the reviews of the consolidated financial statements included in the Company's Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, including services related thereto such as attest services and consents. Audit-Related Fees There were no audit-related fees billed during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002. Tax Fees The aggregate fees billed by Deloitte and Touche for tax services rendered for the fiscal years 2003 and 2002 were $78,480 and $41,760, respectively. These fees were for the preparation and filing of the 2001 and 2002 income tax return, developing estimated payments for 2003 income taxes, and tax advice related to the Company's restricted stock unit bonus program. All Other Fees Other than the services performed above, there were no other fees billed for 2003 and 2002. Audit Committee Pre-Approval Requirements The Audit Committee's charter provides that it has the sole authority to review in advance and grant any pre-approvals of (i) all auditing services to be provided by the independent auditor, (ii) all significant non-audit services to be provided by the independent auditors as permitted by Section 10A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and (iii) all fees and the terms of engagement with respect to such services. All audit and non-audit services performed by Deloitte & Touche during fiscal 2003 were pre-approved pursuant to the procedures outlined above. PART IV Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules, and Reports on Form 8-K (a) 1. Financial Statements The financial statements are listed under Part II, Item 8 of this Report. 2. Financial Statement Schedules Schedules for which provision is made in the applicable regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission have been omitted because the information is disclosed in the Consolidated Financial Statements or because such schedules are not required or not applicable. 3. Exhibits The exhibits are listed below under Part IV, Item 14(c) of this report. (b) Reports on Form 8-K (c ) Exhibits Exhibit Number Description of Document 3.1 Sixth Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 3.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 3.2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 4.1 Shareholder Rights Agreement dated as of September 25, 2002. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 99.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Beacon Power Corporation filed on October 4, 2002). 4.2 Amendment to Shareholder Rights Agreement dated as of December 27, 2002. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 12.2 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on March 31, 2003). 10.1.1 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among SatCon Technology Corporation, Duquesne Enterprises (n/k/a DQE Enterprises, Inc.) and Beacon Power Corporation dated May 28, 1997 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.2 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among Beacon Power Corporation, Perseus Capital, L.L.C., Duquesne Enterprises (n/k/a DQE Enterprises, Inc.), Micro-Generation Technology Fund, L.L.C. and SatCon Technology Corporation dated October 23, 1998 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.3 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among Beacon Power Corporation, Perseus Capital, L.L.C., Duquesne Enterprises (n/k/a DQE Enterprises, Inc.), Micro-Generation Technology Fund, L.L.C. and SatCon Technology dated April 7, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.3 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.4 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among Beacon Power Corporation, Perseus Capital, L.L.C., Micro-Generation Technology Fund, L.L.C., Mechanical Technology Incorporated, The Beacon Group Energy Investment Fund II, L.P. and Penske Corporation dated April 21, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.4 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.5 Securities Purchase Agreement by and among Beacon Power Corporation, Perseus Capital, L.L.C., DQE Enterprises, Inc., Micro-Generation Technology Fund, L.L.C., Mechanical Technology Incorporated, GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc., The Beacon Group Energy Investment Fund II, L.P. and Penske Corporation dated May 23, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.5 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.6 Investor Rights Agreement by and among Beacon Power Corporation, Perseus Capital, L.L.C., DQE Enterprises, Inc., Micro-Generation Technology Fund, L.L.C., Mechanical Technology Incorporated, GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc., The Beacon Group Energy Investment Fund II, L.P., Penske Corporation, SatCon Technology Corporation, James S. Bezreh, Russel S. Jackson, Russell A. Kelley, Stephen J. O'Connor, Jane E. O'Sullivan and Robert G. Wilkinson dated May 23, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.6 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.7 Form of Warrant of Beacon Power Corporation issued pursuant to class D financing and list of holders thereof (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.7 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.8 Form of Warrant of Beacon Power Corporation issued pursuant to class E financing and list of holders thereof (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.8 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.9 Form of Warrant of Beacon Power Corporation issued pursuant to class F bridge financing and list of holders thereof (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 33-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.10 Form of Warrant of Beacon Power Corporation issued pursuant to class F financing and list of holders thereof (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.10 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000)) 10.1.11 Warrant of Beacon Power Corporation issued to Cox Communications, Inc. dated August 2, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.11 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.12 Warrant of Beacon Power Corporation issued to Kaufman-Peters dated August 2, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.12 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.13 Warrant of Beacon Power Corporation issued to GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc. dated October 24, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.13 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.14 Second Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Incentive Plan of Beacon Power Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.14 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.15 Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement of Beacon Power Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.15 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.16 Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement of Beacon Power Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.16 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.17 Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement of Beacon Power Corporation issued to certain consultants on July 24, 2000 and list of holders thereof (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.17 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.18 Amended and Restated License Agreement by and between Beacon Power Corporation and SatCon Technology Corporation dated October 23, 1998 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.18 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.19 Lease between Beacon Power Corporation and BCIA New England Holdings LLC dated July 14, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.20 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.20 Letter Agreement among Beacon Power Corporation, GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc. and GE Corporate Research and Development dated October 24, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.24 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.21 Form of Director and Officer Indemnification Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.25 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on November 16, 2000). 10.1.22 Employment agreement dated December 1, 2001 between F. William Capp and Beacon Power Corporation. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.22 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on March 31, 2003). 10.1.23 Employment agreement dated October 25, 2002 between Matthew L. Lazarewicz and Beacon Power Corporation. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.23 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on March 31, 2003). 10.1.24 Employment agreement dated October 25, 2002 between William J. Driscoll and Beacon Power Corporation. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.24 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on March 31, 2003). 10.1.25 Employment agreement dated October 25, 2002 between James M. Spiezio and Beacon Power Corporation. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit No. 10.1.25 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Beacon Power Corporation No. 333-43386 filed on March 31, 2003). 10.1.26 Employment agreement amendment dated October 25, 2003 between Matthew L. Lazarewicz and Beacon Power Corporation. 10.1.27 Employment agreement dated March 11, 2004 between F. William Capp and Beacon Power Corporation. 10.1.28 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement of Beacon Power Corporation. 11.1 Statement of Computation of Earnings per Share. (This exhibit has been omitted because the information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.) 23.1 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP 31.1 Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Exchange Act 31.2 Certification of Principal Financial and Accounting Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and Rules 13a-14 and 15d-14 of the Exchange Act 32.1 Certification of CEO pursuant to 18 U.S.C.ss.135 as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32.2 Certification of CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C.ss.135 as adopted pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. BEACON POWER CORPORATION By: /s/ F. William Capp F. William Capp President and Chief Executive Officer Date: March 30, 2004 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Signature Title Date /s/ F. William Capp President and Chief Executive Officer, and Director F. William Capp (Principal Executive Officer) March 30, 2004 /s/ James M. Spiezio Vice President of Finance, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary James M. Spiezio (Principal Financial Officer) March 30, 2004 /s/ Philip J. Deutch Philip J. Deutch Director March 30, 2004 /s/ Jack P. Smith Jack P. Smith Director March 30, 2004 /s/ Kenneth M. Socha Kenneth M. Socha Director March 30, 2004 /s/ William E. Stanton William E. Stanton Director March 30, 2004