================================================================================ SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 ----------- FORM 10-K |X| ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(D) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004 COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 000-28063 DELTATHREE, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in charter) Delaware 13-4006766 - -------- ---------- (State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. employer incorporation or organization) identification no.) 75 Broad Street, 31St Floor New York, New York 10004 10004 - ------------------------ ----- (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code) ----------- Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code: (212) 500-4850 Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(B) of the Act: None. Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(G) of the Act: Name of Each Exchange on Which the Title of Each Class Securities are Registered - ------------------- ------------------------- Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share Nasdaq SmallCap Market Indicate by a check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes |X| No |_| Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. |_| The aggregate market value of the Class A common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant based upon the closing price of the Class A common stock as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market on June 30, 2004 was $37,185,159. Solely for purposes of this calculation, shares beneficially owned by directors and officers of the Registrant and persons owning 5% or more of the Registrant's Class A common stock have been excluded, in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates of the Registrant. Such exclusion should not be deemed a determination or admission by the Registrant that such individuals or entities are, in fact, affiliates of the Registrant. The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant's capital stock as of March 29, 2005 is as follows: Title of Each Class Number of Shares Outstanding At March 29, 2005 Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value 29,961,086 ================================================================================ DELTATHREE, INC. 2004 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE PART I ITEM 1. Business.......................................................... 4 ITEM 2. Properties........................................................ 15 ITEM 3. Legal Proceedings................................................. 16 ITEM 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders............... 17 PART II ITEM 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities................. 18 ITEM 6. Selected Financial Data........................................... 20 ITEM 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations......................................... 21 ITEM 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk........ 36 ITEM 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data....................... 36 ITEM 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.......................................... 37 ITEM 9A Controls and Procedures........................................... 37 ITEM 9B Other Information................................................. 37 PART III ITEM 10. Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant................ 38 ITEM 11. Executive Compensation............................................ 42 ITEM 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters................................... 50 ITEM 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.................... 51 ITEM 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Service............................. 51 PART IV ITEM 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules........................... 53 Index to Consolidated Financial Statement F-1 DELTATHREE, INC. 2004 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K The statements in this annual report that are not descriptions of historical facts may be forward-looking statements. Those statements involve substantial risks and uncertainties. You can identify those statements by the fact that they contain words such as "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect," "intend," "project" or other terms of similar meaning. Those statements reflect management's current beliefs, but are based on numerous assumptions, which we cannot control and that may not develop as we expect. Consequently, actual results may differ materially from those projected in the forward--looking statements. Among the factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are: uncertainty of financial estimates and projections, the competitive environment for Internet telephony, our limited operating history, changes of rates of all related telecommunications services, the level and rate of customer acceptance of new products and services, legislation that may affect the Internet telephony industry, rapid technological changes, and the risks, uncertainties and other matters discussed below under "Risk Factors" and elsewhere in this annual report and in our other periodic reports filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS General We are a provider of integrated Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) telephony services. We were founded in 1996 to capitalize on the growth of the Internet as a communications tool by commercially offering Internet Protocol (IP) telephony services. IP telephony is the real time transmission of voice communications in the form of digitized "packets" of information over the Internet or a private network, similar to the way in which e-mail and other data is transmitted. Our business currently includes: the provision of enhanced Web-based and other communications services to individual consumers under our iConnectHere brand name; the provision of enhanced Web-based and other communications services to international resellers, under either their own brand name, a white-label brand, and/or our iConnectHere brand name; the provision of a "Hosted Communications Solution" that enables resellers, corporate customers and service providers to offer private label telecommunications to their customer bases, and the transmission of voice and data traffic for communications carriers. We have built a privately-managed, global network using IP technology and offer our customers a unique suite of IP telephony products, including PC-to-Phone and Broadband Phone products. We differentiate ourselves from our competitors by providing a robust set of value-added services that enables us to effectively address the challenges that have traditionally made the provision of telecommunications services difficult, and we offer our products and services to a global customer base in a fashion that meets the disparate needs of this diverse customer set. These operations management tools include: account provisioning; e-commerce based payment processing systems; billing and account management; and customer care. We are able to provide our services at a cost to users that is generally lower than that charged by traditional carriers because we minimize our network costs by using efficient packet-switched technology and we generally avoid local access charges and bypass international settlement charges by routing international long distance calls over our privately-managed network. 4 Prior to 1999, our focus was to build a privately-managed, global network utilizing IP technology, and our business primarily consisted of carrying and transmitting traffic for communications carriers over our network. Beginning in 1999, we began to diversify our offerings by layering enhanced IP telephony services over our network. These enhanced services were targeted at consumers and were primarily accessible through our consumer Web site. During 2000, we began offering services on a co-branded or private-label basis to service providers and other businesses to assist them in diversifying their product offerings to their customer bases. In 2001, we continued to enhance our unique strengths through our pioneering work with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), an Internet Engineering Task Force standard that has been embraced by industry leaders such as Microsoft and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), which is a global cooperation between six organizational partners who are recognized as the world's major standardization bodies from the United States, Europe, China, Japan and Korea. In 2001, we also announced the launch of our state-of-the-art SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) infrastructure, and we became one of the first service providers to have built an end-to-end SIP network. During 2002, our continuing SIP efforts resulted in our launch of our SIP-based dialer, and in 2003 we continued to add new devices, new features and new calling plans to our offerings. As a result of these activities, by 2003 our role is primarily that of a solutions' provider and the provision of wholesale minutes to carriers in no longer a meaningful revenue source and our efforts continue to position us as one of the leading providers of VoIP services. During 2004 we continued our efforts to develop, market and manage current and new consumer oriented VoIP solutions and secured new and expanded current agreements with resellers and service providers, including agreements to provide our services to Verizon and SBC to assist them in their provision of consumer VoIP to their end-users. Recent Developments As disclosed in an amended Schedule 13D filing with the SEC, in connection with its periodic review of its portfolio investments, Atarey Hasharon Chevra Lepituach Vehashkaot Benadlan (1991) Ltd. ("Atarey") has since November 25, 2003 disposed of an aggregate amount of 8,257,725 shares of our Class A common stock. All of the sales of common stock executed after December 15, 2003 were undertaken in accordance with a Rule 10b5-1 Sales Plan of Atarey and 6,000,000 of such shares were sold pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"). As of the date hereof, Atarey beneficially holds 12,397,677 shares of our common stock, representing approximately 41.9% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock. The Increasing Significance of IP Communications Historically, the communications services industry has transmitted voice and data over separate networks using different technologies. Traditional carriers have typically built telephone networks based on circuit switching technology, which establishes and maintains a dedicated path for each telephone call until the call is terminated. Although a circuit-switched system reliably transmits voice communications, circuit switching does not efficiently utilize transmission capacity. When a telephone call is placed, a circuit is established, and the circuit remains dedicated for transmission of the call and is therefore unavailable to transmit any other call. Data networks have typically been built utilizing packet switching technology, such as IP, which divides signals into packets that are simultaneously routed over different channels to a final destination where they are reassembled in the original order in which they were transmitted. Packet switching provides for more efficient use of the capacity in the network because the network does not establish dedicated circuits and does not require a fixed amount of bandwidth to be reserved for each transmission. As a result, substantially greater traffic can be transmitted over a packet-switched network, such as the Internet, than a circuit-switched network. Traditional telecommunications carriers have historically avoided the use of packet switching for transmitting voice calls due to poor sound quality attributable to delays and lost packets which prevent real-time transmission. However, recent improvements in packet switching, compression and broadband access technologies, improved hardware and the use of privately-managed networks (such as our network) have significantly improved the quality of packet-switched voice calls, allowing for real-time transmission. Service providers that use privately-managed networks are able to reduce packet loss and latency, or delay, because they are able to control the amount, timing and route of data transmitted. As a result, packet switching technology enables service providers to converge their traditional voice and data networks and more efficiently utilize their networks by carrying voice, fax and data traffic over the same network. The improved efficiency of packet-switching technology creates network cost savings that can be passed on to the consumer in the form of lower long distance rates. In addition, international telephone calls carried over the Internet or private IP networks are less expensive than similar calls carried over circuit-switched networks primarily because they bypass the international settlement process, which represents a significant portion of international long distance tariffs. 5 Frost & Sullivan, a market research firm, estimates that VoIP communications services will grow to represent approximately 75% of worldwide voice services and revenues from the VoIP marketplace will surpass $171 billion by the end of 2007. Beyond cost savings, we believe that advanced IP communications technologies will further the potential for the Internet to become the preferred medium of communications and commerce. Limitations of Existing IP Communications Solutions Although the growth of IP telephony historically has been limited by poor sound quality attributable to delays and packet loss, ongoing technological advancements have continued to significantly improve the quality of packet-switched telephone calls. As a result, several large long distance carriers, including AT&T and Sprint, have announced IP telephony service offerings. In addition, many smaller service providers have begun to offer low-cost Internet telephony services from PCs to telephones and from telephones to telephones. Many of these service providers, however, offer their services only in certain geographic areas and provide limited services. In addition, many of these service providers rely solely on the public Internet for transmission, rather than a privately-managed IP network. In using only the public Internet rather than a privately-managed IP network for transmission, these service providers have less control over the network management and monitoring functions that are necessary to ensure quality of service. Our Products and Services Products. We have built a privately-managed, global network using IP technology and offer our customers a unique suite of IP telephony products. Our enhanced IP communication products (which represented 96.0% and 92.1% of our revenues in 2004 and 2003, respectively) include: PC-to-Phone. Our PC-to-Phone offering enables a user to conveniently and inexpensively place a call to a standard telephone anywhere in the world directly from a personal computer while remaining on-line. In order to use this product, a user need only download our software from our Web site and have access to the Internet. Once our software is downloaded, the user is able to place a call from the user's personal computer and, while browsing the Web, speak to a party who uses a standard telephone. Alternatively, users of a variety of third-party "soft-phone" software can access our PC-to-Phone product without the need to download any other software. We are able to provide our PC-to-Phone offering at rates generally lower than those charged for traditional circuit switched calls. We are able to charge lower rates because our service utilizes packet-switched technology and because it routes calls directly from the user's Internet connection onto our privately-managed IP network and to the called destination, thus avoiding access and settlement rates associated with traditional international and domestic long distance telecommunications services. PC-to-phone is currently our most popular product offering. Broadband Phone. In early 2001, we successfully deployed the world's first commercially available Broadband Phone offering. Our Broadband Phone product is a complete phone replacement solution available to business and consumer customers over the "last mile" through broadband connections via cable modem, DSL or fixed wireless. Broadband Phone challenges the traditional public switched telephone network (PSTN) and circuit switched networks with a full VoIP solution. With our high call quality, "always on" reliability and increased functionality provided by the high bandwidth access line, we are able to offer potential partners and their customers some of the most sophisticated VoIP solutions available in the market through a highly scalable, low-cost and easily implemented product. Broadband Phone is designed to take advantage of how people communicate, building on the current customer experience by allowing them to use their existing phone. In addition to offering traditional telecommunications capabilities, Broadband Phone enables a user to conveniently retrieve e-mail, voice mail and faxes, from a single source. For our potential partners, the turnkey solution is delivered with our full back-end infrastructure, including customer service for end users, customer service for service providers, pricing information, billing and provisioning and fraud services. Additionally, Broadband Phone is a technology-neutral solution, easily integrated (a variety of devices are available to plug directly into a PC or IP network) so as to allow broadband providers to begin delivering our voice solution rapidly. 6 Virtual Roaming Service. This "phone-to-phone" offering enables a user to inexpensively place a call or send a fax from a standard telephone or a fax machine to anywhere in the world. Such calls originate and terminate on the PSTN, but travel primarily over our privately-managed IP network. Similar to our PC-to-Phone product, this product is generally less expensive than services of traditional carriers. Users can access this product by dialing a local or toll-free access number and entering their account number. This service enables users to utilize their PC-to-Phone and/or Broadband Phone account when they are away from their computer or broadband device, and we currently offer toll-free access numbers in 33 countries, including Austria, Canada, Finland, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Italy, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States. Users are charged for toll and long distance calls on a per-minute basis. We and our private-label partners receive payment for these calls by debiting pre-paid user accounts that are created when the user signs up from PC-to-Phone or Broadband Phone service. Carrier transmission services. In addition to our enhanced IP communication products, in order to maximize the use of our available network capacity, we offer carrier transmission services over our privately-managed IP network to telecommunications carriers. During 2004, this service generated an immaterial amount of revenue and we anticipate that this service will continue to irrelevant going forward. Services. We differentiate ourselves from our competitors by providing a robust set of value-added services that enables us to effectively address the challenges that have traditionally made the provision of telecommunications services difficult. These operations management tools include the following: o account provisioning: we provide our reseller and service provider customers with a dedicated Web page through which they can order additional services or accounts, generate and activate PINs and perform other customary implementation functions; o payment processing systems: we provide our customers with a fraud detection and prevention system to permit secure credit card transactions over the Web; o billing and account management: we provide our customers with real-time, Web-based access to billing records to check billing and usage information or to increase prepaid accounts; and o customer care: we have moved and consolidated traditional first tier customer care functions onto the Web for ease and flexibility and support this with second tier customer care via toll-free access. iConnectHere We began marketing our on-line consumer offering under the iConnectHere brand name in September 2000 in connection with the formal roll-out of our Hosted Communications Solution. At that time, we also decided to move away from a business model focused on consumers with a high acquisition cost. We have positioned iConnectHere as a powerful showcase and test facility for our current and future products and services, and as a leverage point for reseller and service provider sales. iConnectHere demonstrates our products, services and hosting capabilities to our reseller customers and service providers. Through iConnectHere, an account holder can access all of our product offerings, including PC-to-Phone and Broadband Phone and our marketing, customer care and support teams utilize the full range of our back-end infrastructure and support in servicing iConnectHere customers. Additionally, iConnectHere permits us to collect usage information on our products and services and enables us to provide our partners with key information and recommendations regarding implementation of our products and services. 7 Through iConnectHere, consumer users can: o sign up for any of our services, including PC-to-Phone, and Broadband Phone; o download our software and/or order IP-based Broadband Phone devices; o recharge their accounts, either by entering their credit card information or authorizing automatic recharging; o send a PC-to-phone call; o check real-time billing and usage information; o communicate by e-mail with a customer service representative, and; o view answers to frequently-asked questions. iConnectHere Marketing, Advertising and Promotional Programs We have developed and will continue to develop low-cost, diversified marketing, advertising and promotional programs to stimulate demand for our iConnectHere services. Our marketing, advertising and promotional programs include: On-line "Affiliate" Agent Commission Program. We have developed a Web-based agent program that allows for rapid agent enrollment and agent account maintenance. Agents may devise their own marketing programs, including Web-links, direct mail campaigns or co-branding of our services in select markets. Agents receive as commissions a percentage of revenue generated from end users who sign up for our services through the agent's Web site. We believe that providing our agents with easy, on-line access to these marketing tools helps us to maximize the number of agents selling our services while significantly reducing the resources needed to recruit agents. Off-line "Affiliate" Agent Commission Program. Our off-line agent commission program allows non-Web agents to design their own marketing programs to solicit sales of our services. Off-line agents market and advertise through traditional channels such as newspaper and magazine advertisements, direct mail campaigns and telemarketing campaigns. Off-line agents receive a percentage of revenue generated from users who sign up for our services through the agent's programs. Our Reseller and Service Provider Solutions We have developed and will continue to develop high-value, globally relevant solutions for the large number of resellers and service providers that are focused on providing their customers with VoIP telephony products and services. Our reseller and service provider offerings include: Reseller Program. We offer individuals and businesses the opportunity to become resellers of our services through our reseller program. Resellers are able to purchase account numbers in bulk at reseller specific rates that they are then able to resell these accounts to private individuals under the iConnectHere brand, their own brand, or as "white-label" product (i.e., no brand name is indicated). We allow these resellers to develop their own unique price plans and service bundles and they utilize our online toolsets to manage this process. We also enable them to utilize our web-based customer care tools to provide customer service to the end-users through their own customer service team. 8 Our Hosted Communications Solution. Our "Hosted Communications Solution" leverages our VoIP expertise and delivers to our resellers, corporate customers and service providers a highly customizable, private-label suite of VoIP products and services. Using our infrastructure, we enable these enterprises to offer their customers any combination of our basic products and services, accessible through a single account. We believe that our Hosted Communications Solution brings our customers the value-added services they need to leverage their strong customer bases and generate new revenues. We have dedicated significant resources to this area of our business and anticipate significant growth in the number of businesses to which we provide our Hosted Communications Solution. With each new module that is added to our suite of VoIP products and services, customers can realize new revenue streams from their existing customer base and make their own offering even more powerful in attracting new customers. The products and services delivered under our Hosted Communications Solution are operative 24 hours a day, 7 days a week and are supported at all times by our Network Operations Center ("NOC") and our customer care center. Future Products--broadband Focus The market for broadband access services is projected to grow significantly over the next several years. Broadband access alone, however, is not a complete solution. As infrastructure pipes become commodities, maintaining margin and profitability on them is becoming increasingly difficult for service providers. We believe that broadband market success will be determined by the ability to layer high-margin enhanced services and applications over the infrastructure. Market leaders will need innovative, value-added solutions to maintain customers, reduce churn and grow their customer base. We have continued to develop a suite of next-generation Broadband Phone products that we believe will encompass a rich sub-set of the voice-related services broadband providers will seek to deploy in the near-term. These products will build on our original Broadband Phone offering, and include a more diverse set of devices (both hardware devices as well as "soft-phones") along with additional value-added functionality and features that will appeal to a wide potential customer-base. Our Network In order to deliver unique VoIP services, we operate a privately-managed IP telephony network. By managing our network, we have the ability to regulate traffic volumes and to directly control the quality of service from each originating point of presence ("POP") to the termination point via a variety of termination options. Our ability to interconnect to a wide variety of termination options increases the diversity and robustness of our network, minimizes and eliminates single points of failure, and simultaneously allows us to benefit from pricing differences between vendors to the same termination points. In addition, our network allows us to avoid the significant transmission delays associated with the Internet, which may impede delivery of high quality, reliable services to our users. Since the protocols used by the network are highly standard protocols, our IP network has a tight connection to the public Internet, allowing us to use the Internet as a backup facility. This unique situation, where our IP network is considered a high-quality extension of the Internet, allows our customers to enjoy best-of-breed functionality: high quality, low jitter and low connection delay, on the one hand, and global reach and universal access, on the other hand. During 2001, in conjunction with our relationships with Microsoft and Cisco and over 12 months of work, we rolled out our state of the art SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) infrastructure. Our SIP network currently powers the majority of our offerings. The SIP protocol is one of the most advanced VoIP protocols and unlike its predecessors, which were modeled after traditional telephony protocols, SIP has the ability to scale with a distributed architecture and at a lower cost. SIP's superior attributes also include faster and more cost effective development and lower hardware requirements, which allows us to incur lower capital expenditure costs. During 2005, we intend to continue to expand our offerings on this network. 9 Backbone Our network is built around a redundant, high availability backbone that connects New York, London, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Atlanta. In each of these locations there are multiple interconnections or peering arrangements with Internet backbone providers. These points are strategically located to allow access from our network to and from the Internet with the best performance. The backbone is based on a variety of equipment, including Cisco routing equipment, and HP servers utilizing Hot Standby Routing Protocol. In order to achieve maximum redundancy, our network has several connections to the public Internet. While operating as a private extension of the Internet, the backbone has a high level of security designed to isolate it from security threats found on the public Internet. Origination Access Access to our network is possible through several points. Users may access services through PSTN connections (toll free and local access). Carrier transmission access is aggregated through our switch in New York or through any one of our POPs directly. Call origination is possible from the PC-to-Phone product, using our downloadable software client, third-party "soft-phones", a Web browser, or Broadband Phone devices. These calls enter our network from the Internet through our interconnect points with the Internet. We carefully manage each originating port and utilize innovative capacity planning tools and techniques to provide the best and most cost effective service to customers. Termination Our network can terminate calls through any of our POPs and termination providers' POPs. Termination decisions are based on a sophisticated Least Cost Routing system which applies routing rules based on origination point, time of day, termination cost and other factors. These rules are constantly updated to ensure maximum economic and quality efficiency. Our network has termination facilities that enable us to interconnect with multiple carriers. This allows us to refile traffic to our own switch, giving us the ability to route calls to virtually anywhere in the world. Each termination port is carefully managed with innovative capacity planning tools and techniques to provide the best and most cost effective service to customers, along with multiple termination options to ensure the highest possible levels of redundancy. Network Services Our network supports several application building services on the network level, including: Programmable Interactive Voice Response (PIVR). Our network is capable of playing a configurable voice prompt to enable it to provide applications such as pre-paid calling cards. PIVR services are highly programmable and can be customized to fulfill a variety of customer needs. The configuration of the PIVR is controlled from a central location, enabling efficient management and faster maintenance in the event of malfunctions. Real Time AAA. We are able to authenticate, authorize and account (AAA) for inbound services through the network's real time radius protocol. Whether services are pre-paid or post-paid, the network will disconnect the call when the user's account balance runs out. These protocols interface with the billing system to rate the calls correctly and allow access to permitted services only. Authentication may be customized to utilize numbers, textual strings, credit card numbers and more. Reporting Tools. All network services are accounted for in real time, generating Call Detail Records. These records are aggregated in real time to both the billing systems, for rating, and to the data warehouse, which provides access to the information by the marketing, financial, capacity planning and operational groups through a client or Web interface using advanced OLAP cubes. 10 the Network Operations Center (NOC). Our NOC monitors and manages our network from a central location, seven days a week, 24 hours a day. The NOC monitors all aspects of our network, including the routers, databases, switches, leased lines, Internet connections, gatekeepers and gateways, to ensure that they are functioning at optimal levels. In the event of a failure of any of these network components, NOC personnel are provided with a real time, systems generated notification via an instant messaging system consisting of pagers, cellular phones, screen pop-ups and e-mail, which identifies the malfunction so that proper measures can be taken to restore service in a timely fashion. Our NOC utilizes a combination of proprietary and leading industry technologies, including Hewlett-Packard Open View software and Ericsson IPT management console, as well as unique applications developed by us. The NOC serves all of the different parts of our operations environment, including network nodes, Web servers and specific applications. Customer Care. Our services are supported by our on-line interactive customer service and billing center, which enables an end user to set up an account, receive an account number and a PIN, pay by credit card for services, find answers to frequently asked questions and contact customer service representatives. Once a user has established an account, the user can prepay for additional usage by credit card as well as access real-time detailed information such as call logs and transaction records. Through the on-line billing system, a user can personalize the billing information to select the data most relevant to them. This on-line interactive customer service and billing center is supported by a human customer care contact center that provides voice and e-mail support to the customers. Proprietary Rights We rely and expect to be able to rely on trademark and trade secret laws, confidentiality agreements and other contractual arrangements with our employees, strategic partners and others to protect our proprietary rights. We have registered trademarks for "deltathree(TM)" and "iConnectHere.com(TM)" in the United States. However, these trademarks may not provide adequate protection against competitive technology and may not be held valid and enforceable if challenged. We do not own any registered copyrights. To further safeguard our intellectual property, we have a policy that requires our employees to execute confidentiality and technology ownership agreements when they begin their relationships with us. Regulatory Environment Regulation of IP Telephony The use of the Internet and private IP networks to provide telephone service is a relatively recent market development. While the provision of voice communication services over the Internet and private IP networks is currently permitted under United States law, some foreign countries have laws or regulations that may prohibit voice communications over the Internet or using private IP networks. Increased regulation of the Internet may slow its growth, particularly if many countries impose restrictive regulations. Increased regulation of the Internet and/or IP telephony providers or the prohibition of Internet and IP telephony in one or more countries, more aggressive enforcement of existing regulations in such countries or our failure or the failure of our network partners to comply with applicable regulations could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results and future prospects. United States. Based on information users provide to us when they signed up to use our services, we estimate that approximately 20% of our IP communications services are provided to carriers or users in the United States. We believe that, under United States law, based on specific regulatory classifications and recent regulatory decisions, the IP communications services that we provide constitute information services (as opposed to regulated telecommunications services). As such, our services are not currently regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) or state agencies charged with regulating telecommunications carriers. Nevertheless, aspects of our operations may be subject to state or federal regulation, including regulation governing universal service funding, payment of access charges, disclosure of confidential communications and tax issues. We cannot assure you that our services will not be regulated in the future. Several efforts have been made or are currently being considered in the United States to enact federal legislation that would either regulate or exempt from regulation communications services provided over the Internet. 11 In addition, the FCC is currently considering reforms to universal service funding and may consider whether to impose various types of charges, other common carrier regulations and/or additional operational burdens upon some providers of Internet and IP telephony. Additionally, the FCC is currently considering reforms to both emergency services provisioning (i.e., "911 and E911 services) and law-enforcement agency regulations (i.e., CALEA) and may consider whether to impose various types of charges, other common carrier regulations and/or additional operational burdens upon some providers of Internet and IP telephony. The FCC has stated that the development of new technologies, such as IP telephony, may increase the strain on universal service funding and emergency services provisioning and hinder law enforcement agencies activities. In that regard, the FCC is currently reviewing whether to extend universal service, emergency services provisioning, and/or law-enforcement agency assistance obligations to non-traditional providers such as facilities-based and non-facilities-based providers of broadband Internet services. Several other carriers have asked the FCC to make definitive rulings regarding the classification of their IP telephony services. In response to one of those requests, the FCC determined that a particular free, peer-to-peer IP application is an interstate information service. The FCC's ruling applies only to that particular application and does not affect the regulatory classification of the services we offer. The FCC also has determined that IP-enabled services with certain characteristics are interstate services subject to federal jurisdiction, rather than state regulation. We cannot predict, however, that our services would be found by the FCC to meet the characteristics established by the FCC. In addition, the FCC has initiated a generic proceeding to investigate the legal and regulatory framework for all IP-enabled services, including IP telephony services. Thus, the regulatory classification issue is now before the FCC. Any ruling by the FCC on the regulatory considerations affecting Internet and IP telephony services will affect our operations and revenues. If the FCC were to determine that certain services are subject to FCC regulations as telecommunications services, the FCC might require providers of Internet and IP telephony services to be subject to traditional common carrier regulation, make universal service contributions, implement new hardware and/or software to aid emergency services provision and aid law enforcement agencies and/or pay access charges. It is also possible that the FCC may adopt a regulatory framework other than traditional common carrier regulation, which would apply to Internet and IP telephony providers. Despite the FCC's actions, state regulatory authorities may also retain jurisdiction to regulate the provision of, and impose charges on, intrastate Internet and IP telephony services. Several state regulatory authorities have initiated proceedings to examine the regulation of such. Many of the states that have looked at the regulation of IP telephony services have deferred consideration of the issue pending the outcome of the FCC's proceedings. Although, at least one state has ordered that access charges apply to the termination of IP telephony calls provided by a particular carrier and another state has ordered an IP telephony provider to submit to state regulation. The latter decision later was overturned in federal district court and the district court's decision was upheld by a federal court of appeals. Another federal district court also issued a preliminary injunction in response to another state's attempt to force an IP telephony provider to submit to state regulation. A permanent injunction currently is being reviewed by the federal district court. In addition, several state commissions have participated in the FCC's proceedings and have advocated imposing traditional common carrier regulation on Internet and IP telephony providers. Rulings by the state commissions on the regulatory considerations affecting Internet and IP telephony services could affect our operations and revenues. International. The regulatory treatment of Internet and IP telephony outside of the United States varies widely from country to country. A number of countries that currently prohibit competition in the provision of voice telephony may also prohibit Internet and IP telephony. Other countries permit, but regulate Internet and IP telephony. Some countries will evaluate proposed Internet and IP telephony service on a case-by-case basis and determine whether it should be regulated as a voice service or as another telecommunications service. Finally, in many countries Internet and IP telephony has not yet been addressed by legislation or regulatory action. 12 In 2003, the European Commission adopted directives for a new framework for electronic communications regulation that, in part, attempt to harmonize the regulations that apply to services regardless of the technology used by the provider. Under the New Regulatory Framework, there is no distinction in regulation made based upon technology between switched or packet-based networks. As a result, some types of IP telephony services may be regulated like traditional telephony services while others may remain free from regulation. The European Commission currently is reviewing how IP telephony services fit into the New Regulatory Framework. Although it has been suggested that a "light touch" to regulation be taken, we cannot predict what future actions the European Commission and courts reviewing the New Regulatory Framework may take regarding IP telephony and related matters, or what impact, if any, such actions may have on our business. Based on the Commission's current position, we believe that most providers of IP telephony should be subjected to no more than a general authorization or declaration requirement by the European Union Member States, subject to the European Commission's current review of the issue. The Member States of the European Union are: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom. However, since the Commission's findings on IP telephony are not binding on the Member States, we cannot assure you that the services provided over our network will not be deemed "voice telephony" subject to heightened regulation by one or more EU Member States. For example, the United Kingdom has opened a proceeding to review the regulation of Internet-based voice services. As we make our services available in foreign countries, and as we facilitate sales by our network partners to end users located in foreign countries, such countries may claim that we are required to qualify to do business in the particular foreign country. Such countries may also claim that we are subject to regulation, including requirements to obtain authorization for the provision of voice telephony or other telecommunications services, or for the operation of telecommunications networks. It is also possible that such countries may claim that we are prohibited in all cases from providing our services or conducting our business as conducted in those countries. Our network partners may also currently be, or in the future may become, subject to requirements to qualify to do business in a particular foreign country, comply with regulations, including requirements to obtain authorizations for the provision of voice telephony or other telecommunications services or for the operation of telecommunications networks, or to cease providing services or conducting their business as conducted in that country. We cannot be certain that our network partners either are currently in compliance with any such requirements, will be able to comply with any such requirements, and/or will continue in compliance with any such requirements. Other Regulation Affecting the Internet United States. Congress has recently adopted legislation that affects certain aspects of the Internet, including on-line content, user privacy, national security and taxation. For example, the extension of the Internet Tax Freedom Act prohibited certain taxes on Internet uses through November 1, 2003. Congress extended the prohibition to 2007, subject to some exceptions. Congress, however, specifically stated that nothing in the recent legislation affects the imposition of taxes on voice or other similar services utilizing Internet Protocol or any successor protocol. We cannot predict whether substantial new taxes will be imposed on our services. In addition, Congress, the FCC and other federal entities are considering other legislative and regulatory proposals that would further affect the Internet, including with regard to broadband networks used to support high-speed Internet access services. Congress is, for example, currently considering legislation on a wide range of issues including Internet spamming, database privacy, gambling, pornography and child protection, Internet fraud and privacy. Various states have adopted and are considering Internet-related legislation. International. The European Union has also enacted several directives relating to the Internet. The European Union has, for example, adopted a directive on data protection that imposes restrictions on the processing of personal data. Under the directive, personal data may not be collected, processed, used for other purposes or transferred outside the European Union unless certain specified conditions are met. In addition, persons whose personal data is processed within the European Union are guaranteed a number of rights. The directive may affect companies that collect or transmit information over the Internet from individuals in the European Union Member States. In particular, companies with establishments in the European Union may not be permitted to transfer personal data to countries that do not maintain adequate levels of data protection. 13 In addition, the European Union has adopted a separate, complementary privacy directive that pertains to the telecommunications sector. This directive establishes certain requirements with respect to, among other things, the confidentiality, processing and retention of subscriber traffic and billing data, security of services and networks, subscriber rights to non-itemized bills, and the presentation and restriction of calling and connected line identification. In addition, a number of European countries outside the European Union have adopted, or are in the process of adopting, rules similar to those set forth in the European Union directives. Although we do not engage in the collection of data for purposes other than routing calls and billing for our services, the data protection directives are quite broad and the European Union privacy standards are stringent. Accordingly, the potential effect of these data protection rules on the development of our business is uncertain. In addition, the European Union continues to review these rules, and thus, we cannot predict how these rules will change in the future. Competition We compete primarily in the market for enhanced IP communications services. This market is highly competitive and has numerous service providers. The market for enhanced Internet and IP communications services is new and rapidly evolving. We believe that the primary competitive factors determining our success in the Internet and IP communications market are: o quality of service; o the ability to meet and anticipate customer needs through multiple service offerings and feature sets; o responsive customer care services, and; o price. Future competition could come from a variety of companies both in the Internet and telecommunications industries. These industries include major companies who have greater resources and larger subscriber bases than we have, and have been in operation for many years. We also compete in the growing market of discount telecommunications services including "pure play" VOIP service providers, calling cards, prepaid cards, call-back services, dial-around or 10-10 calling and collect calling services. In addition, some Internet service providers have begun to aggressively enhance their real time interactive communications, including instant messaging, PC-to-PC and PC-to-Phone services, and Broadband phone services. IP Telephony Providers. Many companies provide, or are planning to provide, certain portions of the complete communications solution we offer, including, iBasis, Inc., Net2Phone, and Vonage. Traditional Telecommunications Carriers and Broadband Services Providers. Several traditional telecommunications companies, including industry leaders such as AT&T, Sprint, Deutsche Telekom, WorldCom and Qwest Communications International, and established broadband services providers, such a Time Warner, Comcast, and Cablevision have announced enhanced Internet and IP communications services and products and/or their intention to offer such products and services in both the United States and internationally. All of these competitors are significantly larger than we are and have: o substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources; o larger networks; o a broader portfolio of services; 14 o stronger name recognition and customer loyalty; o well-established relationships with many of our target customers, and; o an existing user base to which they can cross-sell their services. These and other competitors may be able to bundle services and products that are not offered by us together with enhanced Internet and IP communications services, which could place us at a significant competitive disadvantage. Many of our competitors enjoy economies of scale that can result in lower cost structure for transmission and related costs, which could cause significant pricing pressures within the industry. At the same time, we see these potential competitors as potential customers, and have organized our various reseller and service provider products and services to meet the emergent needs of these companies. Revenues and Assets by Geographic Area For the year ended December 31, 2004, approximately $4.2 million, or 79.9%, of our revenue was derived from international customers, and $16.9, or 20.1%, was derived from customers in the United States. Most of our long-lived assets are located in the United States. For more detailed information concerning our geographic segments, see Note 11 to our financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. Employees As of December 31, 2004, we employed 105 full-time and 31 part-time employees, of which 117 were located in Israel, and 19 were located in New York. We consider our relationship with our employees to be good. None of our employees is covered by collective bargaining agreements. Generally, all male adult citizens and permanent residents of Israel under the age of 41 are, unless exempt, obligated to perform up to 36 days of military reserve duty annually. Additionally, all such residents are subject to being called to active duty at any time under emergency circumstances. Some of our officers and employees are currently obligated to perform annual reserve duty. While we have operated effectively under these requirements since we began operations, no assessment can be made as to the full impact of such requirements on our workforce or business if conditions should change, and no prediction can be made as to the effect on us of any expansion of such obligations. Available Information Our Internet address is www.deltathree.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports, are available to you free of charge through the Investor Relations section of our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such materials have been electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES We maintain our executive offices at 75 Broad Street, New York, New York under a lease with an annual rent of approximately $650,000, increasing annually to $815,000 during the final year of the lease. The lease term extends until July 2010, with an option to extend the lease for an additional five years. In October 2003 we entered into a sub-lease agreement with a third party to sub-lease approximately 30% of the overall the New York office space. The annual sub-lease income was approximately $150,000 for 2004, increasing annually to $168,000 during the final year of the lease and extends until July 2010. 15 We lease a 1,056 square meter office, which houses our research and development facilities, at the Jerusalem Technology Park, Jerusalem, Israel at an annual cost of $202,000. The Company signed an extension agreement on the lease, commencing February 2003 that extends the lease until February 2006. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Final settlement documentation for litigation relating to a number of initial public offerings, including our own, is in the process of being approved. We do not presently expect to make any payments under the pending settlement. The history of this litigation is as follows: We, as well as certain of our former officers and directors, have been named as defendants in a number of purported securities class actions in Federal District Court for the Southern District of New York, arising out of our initial public offering in November 1999 (the "IPO"). Various underwriters of the IPO also are named as defendants in the actions. The complaints allege, among other things, that the registration statement and prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for purposes of the IPO were false and misleading because they failed to disclose that the underwriters allegedly (i) solicited and received commissions from certain investors in exchange for allocating to them shares of our stock in connection with the IPO and (ii) entered into agreements with their customers to allocate such stock to those customers in exchange for the customers agreeing to purchase additional shares in the aftermarket at predetermined prices. On August 8, 2001, the court ordered that these actions, along with hundreds of IPO allocation cases against other issuers, be transferred to Judge Scheindlin for coordinated pre-trial proceedings. In July 2002, omnibus motions to dismiss the complaints based on common legal issues were filed on behalf of all issuers and underwriters. On February 19, 2003, the Court issued an opinion granting in part and denying in part those motions to dismiss. The complaint against the Company was not dismissed as a matter of law. These cases remain at a preliminary stage and no discovery proceedings have taken place. We believe that the claims asserted against us in these cases are without merit and intend to defend ourselves vigorously against them. Final settlement documentation is in the process of being approved. Under the terms of the proposed settlement agreement, we are not conceding any liability and we will not bear any expenses associated with the settlement, other than legal fees we may incur. We are not a party to any other material litigation and are not aware of any other pending or threatened litigation that could have a material adverse effect on us or our business taken as a whole. 16 ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS We held our Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "Meeting") on November 8, 2004. The following matters were submitted to our stockholders for their vote, and the results of the votes taken at the Meeting were as follows: (1) Eight Directors were elected for a term of one year: (a) Noam Bardin 26,985,488 votes for; 62,408 votes against; (b) Noam Ben-Ozer 26,984,373 votes for; 63,523 votes against; (c) Ilan Biran 26,984,388 votes for; 63,508 votes against; (d) Amir Gera 26,971,368 votes for; 76,528 votes against; (e) Joshua Maor 26,986,473 votes for; 61,423 votes against; (f) Lior Samuelson 26,995,488 votes for; 62,408 votes against; and (g) Shimmy Zimels 26,973,696 votes for; 74,200 votes against; (2) The appointment of Brightman Almagor & Co., a member firm of Deloitte & Touche Tohmatsu, as our independent auditors for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2004 was ratified by the following vote: 26,984,622 votes for; 42,600 votes against; and 20,634 abstentions. (3) The adoption of the proposed 2004 Stock Incentive Plan was ratified by the following vote: 16,485,158 votes for; 292,138 votes against; and 24,746 abstentions. (4) The adoption of the proposed 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan was ratified by the following vote: 16,511,770 votes for; 261,926 votes against; and 28,346 abstentions. 17 PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS Market Information Our common stock is currently listed on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market under the symbol "DDDC". The listing of our common stock was transferred from the Nasdaq National Market to the Nasdaq SmallCap Market effective on September 17, 2002. Our common stock had traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "DDDC" since November 22, 1999. We currently meet all criteria for continued inclusion in the Nasdaq SmallCap Market. The following table sets forth the per share range of high and low closing sales prices of our common stock for the periods indicated: High Low ---- --- Year Ended December 31, 2002 First quarter $ 1.25 $ 0.75 Second quarter 1.08 0.60 Third quarter 0.63 0.34 Fourth quarter 0.90 0.37 Year Ended December 31, 2003 First quarter 0.68 0.48 Second quarter 0.80 0.53 Third quarter 1.95 0.62 Fourth quarter 4.26 1.53 Year Ended December 31, 2004 First quarter 3.43 2.17 Second quarter 2.69 1.27 Third quarter 3.19 1.78 Fourth quarter 3.70 1.95 Year Ended December 31, 2004 First quarter (through March 29th, 2005) 3.20 6.67 On March 29, 2005, the last reported sale price for our common stock on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market was $3.70 per share. The market price for our stock is highly volatile and fluctuates in response to a wide variety of factors. Holders As of March 29, 2005, we had approximately 125 holders of record of the 29,961,086 outstanding shares of our common stock. This does not reflect persons or entities that hold their stock in nominee or "street" name through various brokerage firms. 18 Dividend Policy We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock. We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain future earnings, if any, to finance our operations and to expand our business. Any future determination to pay cash dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will be dependent upon our financial condition, operating results, capital requirements and other factors that our board of directors considers appropriate. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities None. Use of Proceeds On November 22, 1999, we offered 6,000,000 shares of our common stock in an initial public offering. These shares were registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission on a registration statement on Form S-1 (file no. 333-86503), which became effective on November 22, 1999. We received net proceeds of approximately $96,255,000 from the sale of 6,900,000 shares at the initial public offering price of $15.00 per share after deducting underwriting commissions and discounts and expenses of approximately $6,300,000. The managing underwriters for our initial public offering were Lehman Brothers Inc., Merrill Lynch & Co., U.S. Bancorp Piper Jaffray, Lazard Freres & Co. LLC and Fidelity Capital Markets. Through December 31, 2004, we used approximately $38 million of the net proceeds for sales, marketing and promotional activities, $26 million for capital expenditures and $18 million for general corporate purposes. Pending use of the remaining net proceeds, we have invested the remaining net proceeds in interest-bearing, investment-grade instruments, certificates of deposit, or direct or guaranteed obligations of the United States. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities None. 19 ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA You should read the selected consolidated financial data together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and the section of this annual report entitled "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations." Brightman Almagor & Co., a member firm of Deloitte Touche, independent certified public accountants, audited our historical financial statements since inception and as of and for the years ended December 31, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004. Their report appears elsewhere in this annual report. The selected financial data for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 2004, and as of December 31, 2003 and 2004 is derived from our consolidated financial statements that have been included in this annual report. The selected financial data as of December 31, 2000, 2001 and 2002, and for the years ended December 31, 2000 and 2001, is derived from consolidated financial statements that have not been included in this annual report. Year Ended December 31, ----------------------- 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- (In Thousands) Statement of Operations Data: Revenues: Affiliates ............................................... $ 13,977 $ 1,669 $ -- $ -- $ -- Non-affiliates ........................................... 16,399 13,991 12,929 13,162 21,069 Total revenues ............................................. 30,376 15,660 12,929 13,162 21,069 Costs and operating expenses: Cost of revenues ......................................... (24,932) (13,486) (8,934) (8,393) (13,791) Research and development expenses ........................ (6,625) (5,648) (3,435) (2,326) (2,531) Selling and marketing expenses ........................... (20,548) (7,800) (3,910) (3,325) (3,274) General and administrative expenses (exclusive of non-cash (6,694) (6,982) (2,158) (2,062) (2,186) compensation expense shown below) Non-cash compensation expense ............................ (6,331) (825) (270) -- -- Depreciation and amortization ............................ (7,919) (8,996) (6,606) (5,584) (2,739) Write-down of fixed assets .............................. -- (1,003) -- -- -- Expenses due to cancellation of supplier agreement ...... -- (3,628) -- -- -- Impairment of goodwill ................................... (8,905) (4,151) -- -- -- Total costs and operating expenses ......................... (81,954) (52,519) (25,313) (21,690) (24,521) Loss from operations ....................................... (51,578) (36,859) (12,384) (8,528) (3,452) Interest income, net ....................................... 3,632 1,677 448 245 269 Income taxes ............................................... (311) (552) (141) (57) (66) Net loss ................................................... $(48,257) $(35,734) $(12,077) $ (8,340) $ (3,249) Net loss per share - basic and diluted .................... $ (1.67) $ (1.23) $ (0.42) $ (0.29) $ (0.11) Weighted average shares outstanding - basic and diluted ... 28,833 29,035 28,888 28,989 29,316 December 31, ------------ 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- (In Thousands) Balance Sheet Data: Cash and cash equivalents $ 20,857 $ 13,583 $ 5,681 $ 1,682 $ 13,755 Short-term investments...................................... 30,542 14,192 15,552 16,442 2,723 Working capital............................................. 43,538 23,374 17,675 14,820 11,380 Total assets................................................ 86,169 45,869 32,197 23,643 22,273 Total stockholder's equity.................................. 72,479 38,921 27,114 19,141 16,025 20 ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in another part of this annual report. This discussion contains certain forward-looking statements that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. When used in this report the words "anticipate," "believe," "estimate," "expect" and similar expressions as they relate to our management or us are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. Our actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements. Historical operating results are not necessarily indicative of the trends in operating results for any future period. Overview We are a provider of integrated Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) telephony services. We were founded in 1996 to capitalize on the growth of the Internet as a communications tool by commercially offering Internet Protocol (IP) telephony services. IP telephony is the real time transmission of voice communications in the form of digitized "packets" of information over the Internet or a private network, similar to the way in which e-mail and other data is transmitted. Our business currently includes: the provision of enhanced Web-based and other communications services to individual consumers under our iConnectHere brand name; the provision of enhanced Web-based and other communications services to international resellers, under either their own brand name, a white-label brand, and/or our iConnectHere brand name; the provision of a "Hosted Communications Solution" that enables resellers, corporate customers and service providers to offer private label telecommunications to their customer bases, and; the transmission of voice and data traffic for communications carriers. Prior to 1999, our focus was to build a privately-managed, global network utilizing IP technology, and our business primarily consisted of carrying and transmitting traffic for communications carriers over our network. Beginning in 1999, we began to diversify our offerings by layering enhanced IP telephony services over our network. These enhanced services were targeted at consumers and were primarily accessible through our consumer Web site. During 2000, we began offering services on a co-branded or private-label basis to service providers and other businesses to assist them in diversifying their product offerings to their customer bases. In 2001, we continued to enhance our unique strengths through our pioneering work with the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), an Internet Engineering Task Force standard that has been embraced by industry leaders such as Microsoft and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), which is a global cooperation between six organizational partners who are recognized as the world's major standardization bodies from the United States, Europe, China, Japan and Korea. In 2001, we also announced the launch of our state-of-the-art SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) infrastructure, and we became one of the first service providers to have built an end-to-end SIP network. During 2002, our continuing SIP efforts resulted in our launch of our SIP-based dialer, and in 2003 we continued to add new devices, new features and new calling plans to our offerings. As a result of these activities, by 2003 our role is primarily that of a solutions' provider and the provision of wholesale minutes to carriers in no longer a meaningful revenue source and our efforts continue to position us as one of the leading providers of VoIP services. During 2004 we continued our efforts to develop, market and manage current and new consumer oriented VoIP solutions and secured new and expanded current agreements with resellers and service providers, including agreements to provide our services to Verizon and SBC to assist them in their provision of consumer VoIP to their end-users. Factors Affecting Future Results Industry and Economic Factors: Our operations and earnings are affected by local, regional and global events or conditions that affect supply and demand for telecommunications products and services. These events or conditions are generally not predictable and include, among other things, general economic growth rates and the occurrence of economic recessions; the development of new supply sources; supply disruptions; technological advances, including advances in telecommunications technology and advances in technology relating to telecommunications usage; changes in demographics, including population growth rates and consumer preferences; and the competitiveness of alternative telecommunications sources or product substitutes. 21 Competitive Factors: The telecommunications industry is highly competitive. There is competition within the traditional telecommunications marketplaces (landline and wireless) and also with other emergent "next generation" telecommunications providers, including IP telecommunications providers in supplying the overall telecommunications needs of businesses and individual consumers, and several of the larger traditional telecommunications companies have announced intentions to merge, which will create even larger competitors. We compete with other telecommunications firms in the sale and purchase of various products and services in many national and international markets and employ all methods of competition which are lawful and appropriate for such purposes. A key component of our competitive position, particularly given the commodity-based nature of many of our products, is our ability to manage operating expenses successfully, which requires continuous management focus on reducing unit costs and improving efficiency. Political Factors: Our operations and earnings have been, and may in the future be, affected from time to time in varying degree by political instability and by other political developments and laws and regulations, such as forced divestiture of assets; restrictions on production, imports and exports; war or other international conflicts; civil unrest and local security concerns that threaten the safe operation of company facilities; price controls; tax increases and retroactive tax claims; expropriation of property; cancellation of contract rights; and telecommunications regulations. Both the likelihood of such occurrences and their overall effect upon us vary greatly from country to country and are not predictable. Project Factors: In addition to the factors cited above, the advancement, cost and results of particular projects depend on the outcome of negotiations with potential partners, governments, suppliers, customers or others; changes in operating conditions or costs; and the occurrence of unforeseen technical difficulties. Risk Factors: See "--Risk Factors" below for discussion of the impact of market risks, financial risks and other uncertainties. Revenues Revenues consist of revenues from end-users of our enhanced IP communications services, including PC-to-Phone, and Broadband Phone, which are generated by our both our consumer offering, iConnectHere, and our reseller and service provider offerings, including our Hosted Communications Solution, and revenues from carriers for carrier transmission services. All revenues are recognized as the services are performed. The provision of enhanced IP communications services (primarily PC-to-Phone) through iConnectHere accounted for 33.96% and 47.1% of our total revenues in 2004 and 2003, respectively, while the provision of enhanced IP communications services through our reseller and service provider sales efforts (including sales of our Hosted Communications Solution) accounted for 61.2% and 45% of our total revenues in 2004 and 2003, respectively. Carrier transmission services accounted for 0.86% and 3.9% of our total revenues in 2004 and 2003, respectively. Costs and Operating Expenses Costs and operating expenses consist of cost of revenues, research and development expenses, selling and marketing expenses, general and administrative expense, depreciation and amortization of goodwill, non-cash stock compensation, write-down of fixed assets, expenses due to cancellation of agreement with a supplier and impairment of goodwill related expenses. 22 o Cost of revenues consist primarily of access, termination and transmission costs paid to carriers that we incur when providing services and fixed costs associated with leased transmission lines. The term of our contracts for leased transmission lines is generally one year or less, and either party can terminate with prior notice. o Research and development expenses consist primarily of costs associated with establishing our network and the initial testing of our services and compensation expenses of software developers involved in new product development and software maintenance. In the future, these expenses may fluctuate as a percentage of revenue depending on the project undertaken during the reporting period. Since our inception, we have expensed all research and development costs in each of the periods in which they were incurred. o Selling and marketing expenses consist primarily of advertising and promotional expenses incurred to attract potential consumer users of iConnectHere and expenses associated with our direct sales force incurred to attract potential reseller, corporate, and service provider customers (including sales of our Hosted Communications Solution). We anticipate that as we add new paid users we will be able to spread these costs over a larger revenue base and accordingly improve our operating margins. o General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits for management, finance and administrative personnel, occupancy costs and legal and accounting fees, as well as the expenses associated with being a public company, including the costs of directors' and officers' insurance. We have not recorded any income tax benefit for net losses and credits incurred for any period from inception to December 31, 2004. The utilization of these losses and credits depends on our ability to generate taxable income in the future. Because of the uncertainty of our generating taxable income, we have recorded a full valuation allowance with respect to these deferred assets. We recognized $270,000 in non-cash compensation expense in 2002, $0 in 2003, and $0 in 2004. Critical Accounting Policies The Securities and Exchange Commission defines critical accounting policies as those that are, in management's view, most important to the portrayal of a company's financial condition and results of operations and most demanding on their calls on judgment, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. We believe our most critical accounting policies relate to: Revenue recognition and deferred revenue: We record revenue from Internet telephony services based on minutes (or fractions thereof) of customer usage. We record payments received in advance for prepaid services and services to be supplied under contractual agreements as deferred revenue until such related services are provided. We estimate the allowance for doubtful accounts by reviewing the status of significant past due receivables and analyzing historical bad debt trends and we then reduce accounts receivables by such allowance for doubtful accounts to expected net realizable value. Long-lived Assets: Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the depreciable assets, which range from two to five years. Improvements are capitalized, while repair and maintenance costs are charged to operations as incurred. Our long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment on a quarterly basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances occur indicating that the net carrying amount may not be recoverable. We review for impairment by comparing the carrying value of the long-lived asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the long-lived assets (and their eventual disposition). If the sum of the expected undiscounted future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of assets, we would recognize an impairment loss. The impairment loss, if determined to be necessary, would be measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the long-lived asset exceeds the fair value of the long-lived asset based on estimated future discounted cash flows. 23 Results of Operations The following table sets forth the statement of operations data presented as a percentage of revenues for the periods indicated: Year Ended December 31, 2002 2003 2004 ---- ---- ---- Revenues: Total revenues ........................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 Costs and operating expenses: Cost of revenues ......................................... 69.1 63.8 65.5 Research and development expenses ........................ 26.6 17.7 12.0 Selling and marketing expenses ........................... 30.2 25.3 15.5 General and administrative expenses (exclusive of non-cash compensation expense) ............................... 16.7 15.7 10.4 Non-cash compensation expense ............................ 2.1 0.0 0.0 Depreciation and amortization ............................ 51.1 42.4 13.0 ----- ----- ----- Total costs and operating expenses ......................... 195.8 164.9 116.4 ----- ----- ----- Loss from operations ....................................... (95.8) (64.9) (16.4) Interest income, net ....................................... 3.5 1.9 1.3 Income taxes ............................................... (1.1) (0.4) (0.3) ----- ----- ----- Net Loss ................................................... (93.4)% (63.4)% (15.4)% ===== ===== ===== Comparison of 2004 and 2003 Revenues Revenues increased approximately $7.9 million or 60% to approximately $21.1 million in 2004 from approximately $13.2 million in 2003. Revenues from enhanced IP communications services (primarily PC-to-Phone) through iConnectHere increased approximately $0.9 million or 14.5% to approximately $7.1 million in 2004 from approximately $6.2 million in 2003 due primarily to a greater number of PC-to-Phone and Broadband Phone calls being placed by an increasing user base. Revenues from enhanced IP communications services through our reseller and service provider sales efforts (including sales of our Hosted Communications Solution) increased approximately $7.0 million or 118.6% to approximately $12.9 million in 2004 from approximately $5.9 million in 2003, due primarily to a greater number of PC-to-Phone and Broadband Phone calls being placed by an increasing user base. Revenues from carrier transmission services for telecommunications carriers decreased by approximately $0.3 million or 60% to approximately $0.2 million in 2004 from approximately $0.5 million in 2003, due primarily to decreased demand from a smaller customer base. Three "Master Resellers" accounted for approximately 16.36% and 9.44% and 5.35% of our sales, respectively, during 2004. Costs and Operating Expenses Cost of revenues. Cost of revenues increased by $5.4 million or 64.3% to $13.8 million in 2004 from $8.4 million in 2003, due primarily to an increase in the amount of traffic being terminated. 24 Research and development expenses. Research and development expenses increased by $0.2 million or 8.7% to $2.5 million in 2004 from $2.3 million in 2003, due to increased personnel costs associated with the development of new services and enhancements to our existing services. Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses decreased by $0.1 million or 3.0% to $3.2 million in 2004 from $3.3 million in 2003, due to a decrease in branding and promotional activities. General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased by $0.1 million or 4.8% to $2.2 million in 2004 from $2.1 million in 2003, primarily due to increased personnel and occupancy costs. Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased by $2.9 million or 51.8% to $2.7 million in 2004 from $5.6 million in 2003, due to a lower relative level of capital expenditures in the first three quarters of 2004 compared to prior years, somewhat offset by a higher relative level of capital expenditures in the fourth quarter of 2004, and a lower level of certain assets purchased in prior years being included in the computation of depreciation expense in 2004 compared to 2003 as they have already been fully depreciated in prior periods. Loss from Operations Loss from operations decreased by $5 million or 59.5% to $3.5 million in 2004 from $8.5 million in 2003, due primarily to the decrease in costs and operating expenses, including selling and marketing expenses. Interest Income, Net We earned interest income of $0.3 million in 2004 compared to $0.2 million in 2003 due primarily to moderately higher interest rates earned on the moderately reduced balance of the remaining proceeds from our initial public offering. Income Taxes, Net We paid net income taxes of $0.1 million in 2004 compared to $0.1 million in 2003. Net Loss Net loss decreased $5.1 million or 61% to $3.2 million in 2004 from $8.3 million in 2003, due to the foregoing factors. Comparison of 2003 and 2002 Revenues Revenues increased approximately $0.3 million or 2.3% to approximately $13.2 million in 2003 from approximately $12.9 million in 2002. Revenues from enhanced IP communications services (including our Hosted Communications Solution) increased by approximately $1.1 million or 9.6% to approximately $12.6 million in 2003 from approximately $11.5 million in 2002, due to a greater number of iConnectHere, reseller, corporate and service provider customers, yielding a greater number of calls being placed by an increasing user base. 25 Revenues from carrier transmission services for telecommunications carriers decreased by approximately $0.9 million or 64.3% to approximately $0.5 million in 2003 from approximately $1.4 million in 2002, due primarily to decreased demand from a smaller customer base. One "Master Reseller" accounted for approximately 19% of our sales in aggregate in 2003. Costs and Operating Expenses Cost of revenues. Cost of revenues decreased by $0.5 million or 5.6% to $8.4 million in 2003 from $8.9 million in 2002, due to both a decrease in the amount of carrier traffic being terminated and lower pricing from suppliers. Research and development expenses. Research and development expenses decreased by $1.1 million or 32.4% to $2.3 million in 2003 from $3.4 million in 2002, due to lower personnel costs associated with the development of new services and enhancements to our existing services. Selling and marketing expenses. Selling and marketing expenses decreased by $0.6 million or 15.4% to $3.3 million in 2003 from $3.9 million in 2002, due to a decrease in branding and promotional activities. General and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased by $0.1 million or 4.5% to $2.1 million in 2003 from $2.2 million in 2002, primarily due to decreased personnel and occupancy costs, somewhat offset by increased professional fees. Non-cash compensation expenses. There were no non-cash compensation expenses in 2003 compared to approximately $270,000 in 2002, due to the completed amortization of costs incurred during 1998 and 1999 related to the grants of options and warrants below the then fair market value during those periods. Depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased by $1.0 million or 15.2% to $5.6 million in 2003 from $6.6 million in 2002, due to a lower relative level of capital expenditures in 2003, and certain assets have been fully depreciated in 2002. Loss from Operations Loss from operations decreased by $3.9 million or 31.5% to $8.5 million in 2003 from $12.4 million in 2002, due primarily to the decrease in costs and operating expenses, including selling and marketing expenses. Interest Income, Net Interest income decreased by $0.2 million or 50.0% to $0.2 million in 2003 from $0.4 million in 2002, due primarily to lower interest rates earned on a reduced balance of remaining proceeds from our initial public offering. Income Taxes, Net We paid net income taxes of $0.1 million in 2003 compared to $0.1 million in 2002. Net Loss Net loss decreased $3.8 million or 31.4% to $8.3 million in 2003 from $12.1 million in 2002, due to the foregoing factors. 26 Liquidity and Capital Resources Since our inception in June 1996, we have incurred significant operating and net losses due in large part to the start-up and development of our operations. As of December 31, 2003, we had an accumulated deficit of approximately $147.9 million. As of December 31, 2004, we had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $13.8 million, marketable securities and other short-term investments of approximately $2.7 million and working capital of approximately $11.4 million. We generated positive cash flow from operating activities of approximately $0.5 million during 2004 compared with negative cash flow from operating activities of $3.2 million during 2003. Accounts receivable were approximately $0.3 million and $0.4 million at December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, respectively. Net cash used in investing activities increased from $325,000 during 2003 to $2,321,000 in 2004. Our capital expenditures increased from approximately $368,000 in the year ended December 31, 2003 compared to approximately $2,323,000 in the year ended December 31, 2004, as better utilization of our existing domestic and international network infrastructure, was offset by increased investment in equipment to support our increasing revenue base and anticipated expansion needs. Short-term, we obtain our funding from our utilization of the remaining proceeds from our initial public offering offset by positive or negative cash flow from our operations. These proceeds are maintained as cash and cash equivalents with an original maturity of three months or less. Based on current trends in our operations, these funds will be sufficient to meet our working capital requirements, including operating losses, and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next fiscal year, assuming that our business plan is implemented successfully, and that: o our recent revenue trends, which reflected an increase in our higher-margin (primarily PC-to-Phone) products and services continues to increase; o our expense trends remain at or near the rates of our fourth quarter 2004 rates, which were somewhat reduced compared to the previous the year through reductions in personnel, curtailment of discretionary expenditures, and reduced network rent and termination rates from our carriers; and o our net cash-burn rate, which was significantly reduced compared to the previous year due to the foregoing factors to approximately $0.8 million in the fourth quarter of 2004, continues to improve throughout 2005 and beyond. To the extent that these trends do not remain steady or if in the longer-term we are not able to successfully implement our business strategy we may be required to raise additional funds for our ongoing operations. Additional financing may not be available when needed or, if available, such financing may not be on terms favorable to us. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of equity securities, our existing stockholders may experience significant dilution. If addition funds are raised the issuance of debt instruments, we cannot assure you that any third party will be willing or able to provide additional capital on favorable terms or at all. 27 Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments The following table sets forth our future contractual obligations and commercial commitments in total, for each of the next five years and thereafter. Contractual obligations Payments due by period (in thousands) Total Less than 1-3 3-5 More than 5 1 year years years years Real Estate Leases 5,046 1,122 1,694 1,721 509 Auto Leases 546 213 264 69 -- Other Operating Leases 25 25 -- -- -- Capital Lease Obligations -- -- -- -- -- Purchase Obligations 63 63 -- -- -- Other Commercial Commitments -- -- -- -- -- Other Long-Term Liabilities Reflected on the Registrant's -- -- -- -- -- Balance Sheet under GAAP Total 5,680 1,423 1,958 1,790 509 Risk Factors In addition to the other information included in this annual report, you should consider the following risk factors. This annual report contains forward-looking statements covered by the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may affect our business and prospects. Our results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors that are listed below or discussed elsewhere in this annual report and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Risks Related to Our Company We have a history of losses and negative cash flow and we anticipate they may continue. We have incurred significant losses since inception, and we may continue to incur significant losses for the foreseeable future. We reported net losses of approximately $3.2 million in 2004, approximately $8.3 million in 2003, and approximately $12.1 million in 2002. As of December 31, 2004, our accumulated deficit was approximately $151.1 million. We generated positive cash flow from operations of approximately $0.5 million during 2004 and negative $3.2 million during 2003. As a percentage of revenues, our net loss was 15.4% in 2004, 63.4% in 2003 and 93.4% in 2002. Our revenues may not grow or even continue at their current level. As a result, while we believe we have sufficient funds to meet our working capital requirements for at least the next fiscal year (see - Liquidity and Capital Resources), we will need to increase our revenues to become profitable. In order to increase our revenues, we need to attract and maintain customers to increase the fees we collect for our services. If our revenues do not increase as much as we expect or if our expenses increase at a greater pace than revenues, we may never be profitable or, if we become profitable, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. 28 We may need additional capital to finance our operations in the future. We intend to continue to enhance and expand our network in order to maintain our competitive position and meet the increasing demands for service quality, capacity and competitive pricing. Also, the introduction of new products and/or service will require significant marketing and promotional expenses that we often incur before we begin to receive the related revenue. While we believe we have sufficient funds to meet our working capital requirements for at least the next fiscal year (see - Liquidity and Capital Resources), if our cash flow from operations is not sufficient to meet our capital expenditure and working capital requirements, we will need to raise additional capital to continue our operations. We may not be able to raise additional capital, and if we are able to raise additional capital through the issuance of additional equity, our current investors could experience dilution. If we are unable to obtain additional capital, we may be required to reduce the scope of our business or our anticipated growth, which would reduce our revenues. We have a limited operating history upon which you can evaluate us. We have only a limited operating history upon which you can evaluate our business and prospects. We commenced operations in June 1996. You should consider our prospects in light of the risks, expenses and difficulties we may encounter as an early stage company in the new and rapidly evolving market for IP communications services. These risks include our ability: o to increase acceptance of our enhanced IP communications services (including our Hosted Communications Solution), thereby increasing the number of users of our IP telephony services; o to compete effectively, and; o to develop new products and keep pace with developing technology. In addition, because we expect an increasing percentage of our revenues to be derived from our enhanced IP communications services (including our Hosted Communications Solution), our past operating results may not be indicative of our future results. We may not be able to expand our revenue and achieve profitability. Our business strategy is to expand our revenue sources to include the provision of enhanced IP communications services to several different customer groups. We can neither assure you that we will be able to accomplish this nor that this strategy will be profitable. Currently, our revenues are primarily generated by sales of enhanced IP communications services through our direct consumer offering, iConnectHere, and our reseller and service provider sales channel (including sales of our Hosted Communications Solutions). Enhanced IP communications services from these channels generated 96.02%, 92.1%, and 60.2% of our total revenues in 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The provision of enhanced IP communications services has not been profitable to date and may not be profitable in the future. In the future, we intend to generate increased revenues from enhanced IP communications services, from multiple sources, many of which are unproven, including the commercial sale of our Hosted Communications Solutions. We expect that our revenues for the foreseeable future will be dependent on, among other factors: o sales of enhanced IP communications services, including sales of our Hosted Communications Solutions; o acceptance and use of IP telephony; o expansion of service offerings; o traffic levels on our network; o the effect of competition, regulatory environment, international long distance rates and access and transmission costs on our prices, and; o continued improvement of our global network quality. 29 We may not be able to sustain our current revenues or successfully generate additional revenues from the sale of enhanced IP communications services, including Hosted Communications Solutions or carrier transmission services. We cannot assure you that a market for our services will develop. We are uncertain whether a market will develop for our enhanced IP communications services, including our Hosted Communications Solutions. Our market is new and rapidly evolving. Our ability to sell our services may be inhibited by, among other factors, the reluctance of some end users to switch from traditional communications carriers to IP communications carriers and by concerns with the quality of IP telephony and the adequacy of security in the exchange of information over the Internet, and the reluctance of our resellers and service providers to utilize outsourced solutions providers. End users in markets serviced by recently deregulated telecommunications providers are not familiar with obtaining services from competitors of these providers and may be reluctant to use new providers, such as us. We will need to devote substantial resources to educate customers and end users about the benefits of IP communications solutions in general and our services in particular. If enterprises and their customers do not accept our enhanced IP communications services as a means of sending and receiving communications, we will not be able to increase our number of paid users or successfully generate revenues in the future. Our future success depends on the growth in the use of the internet as a means of communications. If the market for IP communications, in general, and our services in particular, does not grow at the rate we anticipate or at all, we will not be able to increase our number of users or generate revenues we anticipate. To be successful, IP communications requires validation as an effective, quality means of communication and as a viable alternative to traditional telephone service. Demand and market acceptance for recently introduced services are subject to a high level of uncertainty. The Internet may not prove to be a viable alternative to traditional telephone service for reasons including: o inconsistent quality or speed of service; o traffic congestion on the Internet; o potentially inadequate development of the necessary infrastructure; o lack of acceptable security technologies; o lack of timely development and commercialization of performance improvements, and; o unavailability of cost-effective, high-speed access to the Internet. If Internet usage grows, the Internet infrastructure may not be able to support the demands placed on it by such growth, or its performance or reliability may decline. In addition, Web sites may from time to time experience interruptions in their service as a result of outages and other delays occurring throughout the Internet network infrastructure. If these outages or delays frequently occur in the future, Internet usage, as well as usage of our communications portal and our services, could be adversely affected. Potential fluctuations in our quarterly financial results may make it difficult for investors to predict our future performance. Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate significantly in the future as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are outside our control. The factors generally within our control include: o the rate at which we are able to attract users to purchase our enhanced IP communications services, including our Hosted Communications Solutions; o the amount and timing of expenses to enhance marketing and promotion efforts and to expand our infrastructure; o the timing of announcements or introductions of new or enhanced services by us. 30 The factors outside our control include: o the timing of announcements or introductions of new or enhanced services by our competitors; o technical difficulties or network interruptions in the Internet or our privately-managed network; o general economic and competitive conditions specific to our industry. The foregoing factors also may create other risks affecting our long-term success, as discussed in the other risk factors. We believe that quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our historical operating results may not be a good indication of our future performance, nor would our operating results for any particular quarter be indicative of our future operating results. Our network may not be able to accommodate our capacity needs. We expect the volume of traffic we carry over our network to increase significantly as we expand our operations and service offerings. Our network may not be able to accommodate this additional volume. In order to ensure that we are able to handle additional traffic, we may have to enter into long-term agreements for leased capacity. To the extent that we overestimate our capacity needs, we may be obligated to pay for more transmission capacity than we actually use, resulting in costs without corresponding revenues. Conversely, if we underestimate our capacity needs, we may be required to obtain additional transmission capacity from more expensive sources. If we are unable to maintain sufficient capacity to meet the needs of our users, our reputation could be damaged and we could lose users. We face a risk of failure of computer and communications systems used in our business. Our business depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer and communications systems as well as those that connect to our network. We maintain communications systems in facilities in New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Atlanta, London and Jerusalem. Our systems and those that connect to our network are subject to disruption from natural disasters or other sources of power loss, communications failure, hardware or software malfunction, network failures and other events both within and beyond our control. Any system interruptions that cause our services to be unavailable, including significant or lengthy telephone network failures or difficulties for users in communicating through our network or portal, could damage our reputation and result in a loss of users. Our computer systems and operations may be vulnerable to security breaches. Our computer infrastructure is potentially vulnerable to physical or electronic computer viruses, break-ins and similar disruptive problems and security breaches that could cause interruptions, delays or loss of services to our users. We believe that the secure transmission of confidential information over the Internet, such as credit card numbers, is essential in maintaining user confidence in our services. We rely on licensed encryption and authentication technology to effect secure transmission of confidential information, including credit card numbers. It is possible that advances in computer capabilities, new technologies or other developments could result in a compromise or breach of the technology we use to protect user transaction data. A party that is able to circumvent our security systems could misappropriate proprietary information or cause interruptions in our operations. Security breaches also could damage our reputation and expose us to a risk of loss or litigation and possible liability. Although we have experienced no security breaches to date of which we are aware, we cannot guarantee you that our security measures will prevent security breaches. 31 Third parties might infringe upon our proprietary technology. We cannot assure you that the steps we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights will prevent misappropriation of our proprietary technology. To protect our rights to our intellectual property, we rely on a combination of trademark and patent law, trade secret protection, confidentiality agreements and other contractual arrangements with our employees, affiliates, strategic partners and others. We may be unable to detect the unauthorized use of, or take appropriate steps to enforce, our intellectual property rights. Effective copyright and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which we offer or intend to offer our services. Failure to adequately protect our intellectual property could harm our brand, devalue our proprietary content and affect our ability to compete effectively. Further, defending our intellectual property rights could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources. Our services may infringe on the intellectual property rights of others. Third parties may assert claims that we have violated a patent or infringed a copyright, trademark or other proprietary right belonging to them. We incorporate licensed third-party technology in some of our services. In these license agreements, the licensors have agreed to indemnify us with respect to any claim by a third party that the licensed software infringes any patent or other proprietary right so long as we have not made changes to the licensed software. We cannot assure you that these provisions will be adequate to protect us from infringement claims. Any infringement claims, even if not meritorious, could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources. Operating internationally exposes us to additional and unpredictable risks. We intend to continue to enter additional markets in Eastern Europe, Latin America, Africa and Asia and to expand our existing operations outside the United States. International operations are subject to inherent risks, including: o potentially weaker protection of intellectual property rights; o political instability; o unexpected changes in regulations and tariffs; o fluctuations in exchange rates; o varying tax consequences, and; o uncertain market acceptance and difficulties in marketing efforts due to language and cultural differences. We have experienced losses as a result of fraud. We have experienced losses due to fraud. While in 2004, we experienced losses from fraud of less than 1% of our revenues, callers have obtained our services without rendering payment by unlawfully using our access numbers and personal identification numbers. While we have continued to implement anti-fraud measures in order to control losses relating to these practices, and these measures have proven to be effective today, these measures may not in the future be sufficient to effectively limit all of our exposure in the future from fraud and future losses could rise significantly above current levels. Intense competition could reduce our market share and harm our financial performance. Competition in the market for enhanced IP communications services is becoming increasingly intense and is expected to increase significantly in the future. The market for enhanced Internet and IP communications is new and rapidly evolving. We expect that competition from companies both in the Internet and telecommunications industries will increase in the future. Our competitors include both start-up IP telephony service providers and established traditional communications providers. Many of our existing competitors and potential competitors have broader portfolios of services, greater financial, management and operational resources, greater brand-name recognition, larger subscriber bases and more experience than we have. In addition, many of our IP telephony competitors use the Internet instead of a private network to transmit traffic. Operating and capital costs of these providers may be less than ours, potentially giving them a competitive advantage over us in terms of pricing. We also compete in the growing market of discount telecommunications services including calling cards, prepaid cards, call-back services, dial-around or 10-10 calling and collect calling services. In addition, some Internet service providers have begun to aggressively enhance their real time interactive communications, focusing on instant messaging, PC-to-PC and PC-to-phone, and/or broadband phone services. 32 In addition, traditional carriers, cable companies and satellite television providers are bundling services and products not offered by deltathree with internet telephony services. While this provides us with the opportunity to offer these companies our products and services as a way for them to offer internet telephony services, it also introduces the risk that they will introduce these services on their own utilizing other options while at the same time making it more difficult for us to compete against them with direct to consumer offerings of our own. If we are unable to provide competitive service offerings, we may lose existing users and be unable to attract additional users. In addition, many of our competitors, especially traditional carriers, enjoy economies of scale that result in a lower cost structure for transmission and related costs, which cause significant pricing pressures within the industry. In order to remain competitive we intend to increase our efforts to promote our services, and we cannot be sure that we will be successful in doing this. In addition to these competitive factors, recent and pending deregulation in some of our markets may encourage new entrants. We cannot assure you that additional competitors will not enter markets that we plan to serve or that we will be able to compete effectively. Decreasing telecommunications rates may diminish or eliminate our competitive pricing advantage. Decreasing telecommunications rates may diminish or eliminate the competitive pricing advantage of our services. International and domestic telecommunications rates have decreased significantly over the last few years in most of the markets in which we operate, and we anticipate that rates will continue to be reduced in all of the markets in which we do business or expect to do business. Users who select our services to take advantage of the current pricing differential between traditional telecommunications rates and our rates may switch to traditional telecommunications carriers as such pricing differentials diminish or disappear, and we will be unable to use such pricing differentials to attract new customers in the future. In addition, our ability to market our carrier transmission services to telecommunications carriers depends upon the existence of spreads between the rates offered by us and the rates offered by traditional telecommunications carriers, as well as a spread between the retail and wholesale rates charged by the carriers from which we obtain wholesale service. Continued rate decreases will require us to lower our rates to remain competitive and will reduce or possibly eliminate our gross profit from our carrier transmission services. If telecommunications rates continue to decline, we may lose users for our services. Government regulation and legal uncertainties relating to IP telephony could harm our business. Historically, voice communications services have been provided by regulated telecommunications common carriers. We offer voice communications to the public for international and domestic calls using IP telephony, and we do not operate as a licensed telecommunications common carrier in any jurisdiction. Based on specific regulatory classifications and recent regulatory decisions, we believe we qualify for certain exemptions from telecommunications common carrier regulation in many of our markets. However, the growth of IP telephony has led to close examination of its regulatory treatment in many jurisdictions making the legal status of our services uncertain and subject to change as a result of future regulatory action, judicial decisions or legislation in any of the jurisdictions in which we operate. Established regulated telecommunications carriers have sought and may continue to seek regulatory actions to restrict the ability of companies such as ours to provide services or to increase the cost of providing such services. In addition, our services may be subject to regulation if regulators distinguish phone-to- phone telephony service using IP technologies over privately-managed networks such as our services from integrated PC-to-PC and PC-originated voice services over the Internet. Some regulators may decide to treat the former as regulated common carrier services and the latter as unregulated enhanced or information services. Application of new regulatory restrictions or requirements to us could increase our costs of doing business and prevent us from delivering our services through our current arrangements. In such event, we would consider a variety of alternative arrangements for providing our services, including obtaining appropriate regulatory authorizations for our local network partners or ourselves, changing our service arrangements for a particular country or limiting our service offerings. Such regulations could limit our service offerings, raise our costs and restrict our pricing flexibility, and potentially limit our ability to compete effectively. Further, regulations and laws which affect the growth of the Internet could hinder our ability to provide our services over the Internet. For a more detailed discussion of the regulation of IP telephony, see "Business--Regulation of IP Telephony." 33 We may not be able to keep pace with rapid technological changes in the communications industry Our industry is subject to rapid technological change. We cannot predict the effect of technological changes on our business. In addition, widely accepted standards have not yet developed for the technologies we use. We expect that new services and technologies will emerge in the market in which we compete. These new services and technologies may be superior to the services and technologies that we use, or these new services may render our services and technologies obsolete. To be successful, we must adapt to our rapidly changing market by continually improving and expanding the scope of services we offer and by developing new services and technologies to meet customer needs. Our success will depend, in part, on our ability to license leading technologies and respond to technological advances and emerging industry standards on a cost-effective and timely basis. We will need to spend significant amounts of capital to enhance and expand our services to keep pace with changing technologies. Risks Related to Our Relationship with Atarey Atarey exercises significant control over all matters submitted to a stockholder vote. Atarey owns approximately 41% of the voting power and economic interest in us, and is the largest shareholder of our stock. As long as Atarey continues to beneficially own such a significant percentage of our capital stock and there are no other major shareholders, Atarey will be able to exercise a significant influence over decisions affecting us, including: o composition of our board of directors and, through it, our direction and policies, including the appointment and removal of officers; o mergers or other business combinations; o acquisitions or dispositions of assets by us; o future issuances of capital stock or other securities by us; o incurrence of debt by us; o amendments, waivers and modifications to any agreements between us and Atarey; o payment of dividends on our capital stock, and; o approval of our business plans and general business development. In addition, two of our seven directors are officers and/or directors of Atarey, or otherwise affiliated with Atarey. As a result, the ability of any of our other stockholders to influence the management of our company is limited, which could have an adverse effect on the market price of our stock. A third party may be deterred from acquiring our company. Atarey's major ownership could delay, deter or prevent a third party from attempting to acquire control of us. This may have the effect of discouraging a third party from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us, even though such a change in ownership would be economically beneficial to us and our stockholders. 34 Risks Related to Our Common Stock Volatility of our stock price could adversely affect our stockholders. Since trading commenced in November 1999, the market price of our common stock has been highly volatile and may continue to be volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors such as: o variations in our actual or anticipated quarterly operating results or those of our competitors; o announcements by us or our competitors of technological innovations; o introduction of new products or services by us or our competitors; o changes in financial estimates by securities analysts; o conditions or trends in the Internet industry; o changes in the market valuations of other Internet companies; o announcements by us or our competitors of significant acquisitions; o our entry into strategic partnerships or joint ventures, and; o sales of our common stock by Atarey. All of these factors are, in whole or part, beyond our control and may materially adversely affect the market price of our common stock regardless of our performance. Investors may not be able to resell their shares of our common stock following periods of volatility because of the market's adverse reaction to such volatility. In addition, the stock market in general, and the market for telecommunications, Internet-related and technology companies in particular, has been dramatically decreased and is extremely depressed. We cannot assure you that our common stock will trade at the same levels of other telecommunications or Internet stocks or that telecommunications or Internet stocks in general will sustain their current market prices. The liquidity of our common stock could be adversely affected by changes in our Nasdaq listing. Our common stock is currently listed on the Nasdaq SmallCap Market. The listing of our common stock was transferred from the Nasdaq National Market to the Nasdaq SmallCap Market effective on September 17, 2002. We currently meet all criteria for continued inclusion in the Nasdaq SmallCap Market. However, based on the volatile nature of our stock price, we can make no assurances that we will continue to do so. Failure to meet these criteria could result in our delisting from the Nasdaq SmallCap Market. If our shares were to be delisted from the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, our shares would continue to trade, if at all, on the OTC Bulletin Board, upon application by the requisite market makers. This would adversely impact our stock price, as well as the liquidity of the market for our shares which, as a result, would adversely affect the ability of our stockholders to purchase and sell their shares in an orderly manner, or at all. Furthermore, a delisting of our shares could damage our general business reputation and impair our ability to raise additional funds. Any of the foregoing events could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results. We do not intend to pay dividends. We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We intend to retain any future earnings to finance our operations and to expand our business and, therefore, do not expect to pay any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. 35 Risks Related to Our Israel-based Office We may be negatively impacted by changes in political, military and/or economic conditions. Since the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have taken place between Israel and its Arab neighbors and a state of hostility, varying from time to time in intensity and degree, has led to security and economic problems for Israel. A peace agreement between Israel and Egypt was signed in 1979 and a peace agreement between Israel and Jordan was signed in 1994. However, as of the date hereof Israel has not entered into any peace agreement with Syria or Lebanon. Despite peace related developments, certain countries, companies and organizations continue to participate in a boycott of Israeli firms. We do not believe that the boycott has had a material adverse effect on us, but there can be no assurance that restrictive laws, policies or practices directed towards Israel or Israeli-based businesses will not have an adverse impact on our business or financial condition in the future. Israel's economy has been subject to numerous destabilizing factors, including a period of rampant inflation in the early- to mid-l980s, low foreign exchange reserves, fluctuations in world commodity prices and military conflicts. The Israeli Government has, for these and other reasons, intervened in the economy by utilizing, among other means, fiscal and monetary policies, import duties, foreign currency restrictions and control of wages, prices and exchange rates. The Israeli Government has periodically changed its policies in all these areas. Although we derive most of our revenues outside of Israel, a substantial portion of our expenses are incurred in Israel and are affected by economic conditions in the country. All of these factors are, in whole or part, beyond our control and may materially adversely affect on our business, financial condition and operating results, or market price of our common stock regardless of our performance. We may be negatively impacted by employees being called for army service Generally, all male adult citizens and permanent residents of Israel under the age of 41 are, unless exempt, obligated to perform up to 36 days of military reserve duty annually. Additionally, all such residents are subject to being called to active duty at any time under emergency circumstances. Some of our officers and employees are currently obligated to perform annual reserve duty. While we have operated effectively under these requirements since we began operations, no assessment can be made as to the full impact of such requirements on our workforce or business if conditions should change, and no prediction can be made as to the effect on us of any expansion of such obligations. ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISKS The Securities and Exchange Commission's rule related to market risk disclosure requires that we describe and quantify our potential losses from market risk sensitive instruments attributable to reasonably possible market changes. Market risk sensitive instruments include all financial or commodity instruments and other financial instruments (such as investments and debt) that are sensitive to future changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates, commodity prices or other market factors. We believe our exposure to market risk is immaterial. We currently do not invest in, or otherwise hold, for trading or other purposes, any financial instruments subject to market risk. ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The Company's Consolidated Financial Statements required by this Item are included in Item 14 of this report. 36 ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES (a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. Our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, after evaluating the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, have concluded that, based on such evaluation, our disclosure controls and procedures were adequate and effective to ensure that material information relating to us, including our consolidated subsidiaries, was made known to them by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this Annual Report on Form 10-K was being prepared. (b) Changes in Internal Controls. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, identified in connection with the evaluation of such internal control that occurred during the fourth quarter of our last fiscal year that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION On November 8, 2004, our stockholders approved the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan and 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan at our annual meeting of stockholders. On March 29, 2005, the Compensation Committee approved the specific performance objectives under the Company's 1999 Performance Incentive Plan for fiscal year 2005. Such performance objectives will include the Company achieving certain targets for revenues, gross profit and EBITDA as well as signing up a certain number of additional customers to use the deltathree platform solution. Listed below are the salaries and bonuses for our named executive officers that were awarded during fiscal 2004 and the salaries that have been established for fiscal 2005. Bonuses for fiscal 2005 have not yet been determined. Executive Officer 2004 Salary(1) 2004 Bonus (2) 2005 Salary (3) - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Shimmy Zimels $180,000 $125,050 $248,800 Chief Executive Officer and President Paul C. White $180,000 $ 94,100 $235,300 Chief Financial Officer (1) Salary shown is the amount actually paid to the executive as salary, and not the amount employee was entitled to per executives' employment contracts. (2) Bonus shown is the aggregate amount of bonuses earned by executive during 2004 and is the sum of: a one-time bonus awarded by the Compensation Committee in the first-half of 2004, and bonuses awarded in 2005 under our 1999 Performance Incentive Plan for performance during 2004. (3) Salaries shown are per executives' employment contracts. 37 PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT The Board of Directors Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that a director shall hold office until the annual meeting for the year in which his or her term expires except in the case of elections to fill vacancies or newly created directorships. Each director is elected for a one-year term. Each of the nominees is now serving as director on our Board. Set forth below are the name, age and the positions and offices held by each of our directors, his principal occupation and business experience during at least the past five years and the names of other publicly-held companies of which he serves as a director. Noam Bardin, 34 - Chairman of the Board. Mr. Bardin co-founded deltathree and served as Chief Executive Officer and President from July 2000 through June 2002. Mr. Bardin has served as Chairman of the Board since April 2002. Mr. Bardin served as Vice President of Technology and Chief Technology Officer of deltathree since June 1997 before being named President and Chief Executive Officer in April 2000. He served as Global Network Director from November 1996 to May 1997. Prior to founding deltathree, he served as Director of Operations at Ambient Corporation. Mr. Bardin graduated from the Hebrew University (Jerusalem) with a BA in Economics and an MPA from Harvard University Kennedy School in Public Administration. Noam Ben-Ozer, 41 - Director. Mr. Ben-Ozer was named a director of deltathree in September 2004. Mr. Ben-Ozer currently serves as a Director, and is Chairman of the Audit Committee for Equity-One, a NYSE-listed real estate investment trust. Previously, Mr. Ben-Ozer co-founded iPhrase Technologies, Inc., a privately-held software company. From 1994 to 1999, Mr. Ben-Ozer served as a consultant for Bain & Company, a management consulting company. From 1993 to 1994, Mr. Ben-Ozer served as an outside consultant to Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products. Mr. Ben-Ozer is a certified public accountant in Israel and received an M.B.A. from the Harvard Business School. Ilan Biran, 57 - Director. Mr. Biran has served as a director of deltathree since December 2003. Mr. Biran brings a wealth of business and management experience from the telecom and defense industries. Since January 2004, Mr. Biran has served as the Chairman of YES Satellite Television, one of the leading satellite television companies in Israel. From 1999 to 2003, Mr. Biran served as the President and CEO of Bezeq Ltd. - the Israeli PTT, with annual sales of over $2 billion and approximately 16,000 employees. Mr. Biran holds the rank of Major General (res.) in the Israeli Defense Force where, as Commander of the IDF's Central Command, he played an active role in reaching the peace agreements with Jordan. From 1996 to 1999, he served as the Director General of the Israeli Ministry of Defense, and prior to that command, he held a wide variety of senior-level positions in other Israeli units, since 1964. Mr. Biran holds a B.A. in Economics and Business Administration from Bar-Ilan University, and holds an Associate Diploma in Strategy and Political Economic Research from Georgetown University. He is also a graduate of the U.S. Marine Corps Command and Staff College. In addition, Mr. Biran's public activities include: serving as the Israeli Prime Minister's Special Coordinator for POWs and MIAs; is a member of the Board of Trustees of Haifa University; is a member of the Shevach-Mofet High School Executive Committee and; since 1996, has served as the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Israeli Oil Refineries, Ltd. Amir Gera, 43 - Director. Mr. Gera has served as a director of deltathree since June 2001. Since January 2002, Mr. Gera has served as the Chief Executive Officer of Green Venture Capital Ltd., an investment holding company which engages primarily in acquiring holdings in venture capital funds, where he had previously served as the Assistant Director General since January 2001. In addition, Mr. Gera is also the Chief Executive Officer of Commutech Holding & Investments Ltd and has served in this capacity since March 2001. From 1993 through 2000, Mr. Gera was the Assistant Director General of Emet Neveh Savion Ltd., which owns and manages real estate assets. 38 Joshua Maor, 68 - Director. Mr. Maor has served as a director of deltathree since June 2001. Mr. Maor has served as the Chairman of Commutech Holding & Investments Ltd., an investment holding company which engages primarily in investments in high tech companies, since January 2002, and as the Chairman of the board of Mofet Venture Capital since 2001. Mr. Maor served as both the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Green Venture Capital Ltd from 1997 to January 2002. From 1996 through 1997, Mr. Maor was the Chairman of I.B.M. Israel Ltd., which distributes and provides services for I.B.M. products, and I.B.M. Science and Technology Ltd., a research and development company. Mr. Maor served as a member of our Advisory Board from 1997 through 1998. Lior Samuelson, 55 - Director. Mr. Samuelson has served as a director of deltathree since August 2001. Since August 1999, Mr. Samuelson has served as a Co-Founder and Principal of Mercator Capital. His experience includes advising clients in the Technology, Communications and Consumer sectors on mergers, acquisitions and private placements. From March 1997 to August 1999, Mr. Samuelson was the President and CEO of PricewaterhouseCoopers Securities. Prior to that, he was the President and CEO of The Barents Group, a merchant bank specializing in advising and investing in companies in emerging markets. Mr. Samuelson was also the Co-Chairman of Peloton Holdings, a Private Equity management company. Before that, he was a managing partner with KPMG and a senior consultant at Booz, Allen & Hamilton. Mr. Samuelson earned B.S. and M.S. degrees in Economics from Virginia Polytechnic University. Shimmy Zimels, 39 - President and Chief Executive Officer and Director. Mr. Zimels has served as Chief Executive Office and President since June 2002, and served as Vice President of Operations and Chief Operating Officer of deltathree since June 1997, before being named President and Chief Executive Officer in June 2002. Prior to joining deltathree, Mr. Zimels was the Controller and Vice President of Finance at Net Media Ltd., a leading Israel based Internet Service Provider, from June 1995 to June 1997. From April 1991 to May 1995, Mr. Zimels was a senior tax auditor for the Income Tax Bureau of the State of Israel. Mr. Zimels graduated with distinction from Hebrew University with a degree in Economics and Accounting and holds a Masters in Economics from Hebrew University. Our Board has determined that the following members of the Board qualify as independent under the definition promulgated by the Nasdaq Stock Market: Noam Ben-Ozer, Ilan Biran, Amir Gera, Joshua Maor and Lior Samuelson. Executive Officers Set forth below is a brief description of the present and past business experience of each of the persons who serve as our executive officers or key employees who are not also serving as directors. Paul C. White, 42 - Chief Financial Officer and Secretary. Mr. White has served as our Chief Financial Officer since September 2000 and is responsible for corporate finance and all financial aspects of our operations, including accounting, tax, treasury, financial analysis, billing, internal audit, investor relations, real estate and procurement functions. Mr. White brings a vast array of experience in both the telecommunications and Internet industries. Mr. White cultivated his expertise in both telecommunications and the Internet with senior level positions at Tangoe Inc. (formerly TelecomRFQ, Inc.,) a leading provider of enterprise-wide Telecommunications Expense Management software , where he served as President and Chief Executive Officer, Buyersedge.com, an on-line consumer services "reverse-auction' company, where he served as Vice President of Operations & Finance, and at Southern New England Telecommunications (SNET), the SBC Communications, Inc. subsidiary, where he served as Director of IT Strategy & Finance, Director of Corporate Development and Director of Finance & Business Development between 1995 and 1999. Mr. White has also worked in senior level positions at Ernst & Young, LLP and Arthur Andersen, LLP. Mr. White has a BBA and an MBA from Hofstra University, as well as a CPA. Board of Directors and Committees of the Board Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that the number of members of our Board shall be not less than three and not more than thirteen. There are currently seven directors on the Board. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors will be elected to hold office for a term of one year and until their respective successors are elected and qualified. All of the officers identified above under "Executive Officers" serve at the discretion of our Board. 39 The Board had eight regular and no special meetings during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, each member of the Board participated in at least 75% of all Board and applicable committee meetings held during the period for which he was a director. One of our directors attended our annual meeting of stockholders held in 2004. The Board has established an Executive Committee, a Compensation Committee, a Nominating and Governance Committee and an Audit Committee to devote attention to specific subjects and to assist the Board in the discharge of its responsibilities. The functions of these committees and their current members are set forth below. The Executive Committee is empowered to act on any matter except those matters specifically reserved to the full Board by applicable law. The Executive Committee had no meetings during 2004. Joshua Maor (Chairman), Noam Bardin and Noam Ben-Ozer are the current members of the Executive Committee. The Compensation Committee is responsible for evaluating our compensation policies, determining our executive compensation policies and guidelines and administering our stock option and compensation plans. The Compensation Committee is responsible for the determination of the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer, and shall conduct its decision making process with respect to that issue without the Chief Executive Officer present. All members of the Compensation Committee qualify as independent under the definition promulgated by the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Compensation Committee had two meetings during 2004. Amir Gera (Chairman), Ilan Biran and Joshua Maor are the current members of the Compensation Committee. Please see also the report of the Compensation Committee set forth elsewhere in this report. The Nominating and Governance Committee is responsible for assisting identifying and recommending qualified candidates for director nominees to the Board, and leading the Board in its annual review of the Board's performance. All members of the Nominating Committee qualify as independent under the definition promulgated by the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Nominating and Governance Committee had no meetings during 2004. Joshua Maor (Chairman), Amir Gera and Lior Samuelson are the current members of the Nominating and Governance Committee. The Nominating and Governance Committee may consider candidates recommended by stockholders as well as from other sources such as other directors or officers, third party search firms or other appropriate sources. For all potential candidates, the Nominating and Governance Committee may consider all factors is deems relevant, such as a candidate's personal integrity and sound judgment, business and professional skills and experience, independence, knowledge of the industry in which we operate, possible conflicts of interest, diversity, the extent to which the candidate would fill a present need in the Board, and concern for the long-term interests of the stockholders. In general, persons recommended by stockholders will be considered on the same basis as candidates from other sources. If a stockholder wishes to nominate a candidate to be considered for election as a director at the 2005 Annual Meeting of Stockholders using the procedures set forth in the Company's By-laws, it must follow the procedures described in "Nomination of Directors." If a stockholder wishes simply to propose a candidate for consideration as a nominee by the Nominating and Governance Committee, it should submit any pertinent information regarding the candidate to the Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee by mail at 75 Broad Street, New York, New York 10004. A copy of the Nominating Committee's written charter is publicly available on the Company's website at www.deltathree.com The Audit Committee recommends to the Board the appointment of the firm selected to serve as our independent auditors and our subsidiaries and monitors the performance of such firm; reviews and approves the scope of the annual audit and evaluates with the independent auditors our annual audit and annual financial statements; reviews with management the status of internal accounting controls; evaluates issues having a potential financial impact on us which may be brought to the Audit Committee's attention by management, the independent auditors or the Board; evaluates our public financial reporting documents; reviews the non-audit services to be performed by the independent auditors, if any; and considers the effect of such performance on the auditor's independence. Ilan Biran (Chairman), Noam Ben-Ozer and Lior Samuelson are the current members of the Audit Committee. All members of the Audit Committee satisfy the current independence standards promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission and by the Nasdaq Stock Market, as such standards apply specifically to members of audit committees. The Board has determined that each of Mr. Ben-Ozer, Mr. Biran, Mr. Erez and Mr. Samuelson are "audit committee financial experts," as the Securities and Exchange Commission has defined that term in Item 401 of Regulation S-K. The Audit Committee had four meetings during 2004. 40 Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires our directors and executive officers and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of our equity securities, to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in beneficial ownership of Common Stock and other equity securities of us. Directors, officers and greater than 10% stockholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish us with all Section 16(a) forms they file. To our knowledge, based solely upon our review of the copies of such reports furnished to us, we believe that all of our directors, officers and greater than 10% stockholders have complied with the applicable Section 16(a) reporting requirements except that: an initial report of ownership was filed late by Noam Ben-Ozer; one report of change in beneficial ownership, covering one transaction, was filed late by Noam Bardin; one report of change in beneficial ownership, covering one transaction, was filed late by Shimmy Zimels; one report of change in beneficial ownership, covering one transaction, was filed late by Paul White; one report of change in beneficial ownership, covering one transaction, was filed late by Amir Gera and one report of change in beneficial ownership, covering one transaction, was filed late by Joshua Maor. Code of Conduct and Ethics On March 25, 2004, we adopted a Corporate Code of Conduct and Ethics applicable to all employees and directors of deltathree, including our principal executive officer, principal financial and accounting officer and controller. There were no changes made to the Corporate Code of Conduct and Ethics during 2004. We intend to post on our website and include in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission any amendments to, or waivers from, our Code of Conduct and Ethics that apply to our principal executive officer, principal financial and accounting officer and controller. 41 ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Summary Compensation Table The following table sets forth certain summary information concerning the compensation paid or awarded for services rendered during each of our last three fiscal years to our chief executive officer and each of our other most highly compensated executive officers in 2002, 2003 and 2004 whose total salary and bonus exceeded $100,000. These two executive officers are referred to in this report as "named executive officers". Long-Term Annual Compensation Compensation ------------------------ ------------------------- Securities Underlying All Other Name and Principal Position Year Salary ($) Bonus ($) Options (#) Compensation --------------------------- ---- ---------- ---------- ----------- ------------ Shimmy Zimels (1) ............... 2004 $ 180,000 $ 125,050 80,000 -- President and Chief Executive Officer and former Chief ..... 2003 180,000 -- 85,000 -- Operating Officer ............ 2002 182,335 -- 100,000 -- 2004 $ 180,000 $ 94,100 75,000 -- Paul C. White ................... 2003 180,000 -- 65,000 -- Chief Financial Officer ....... 2002 182,335 -- 100,000 -- Option Grants During 2004 The following table sets forth information regarding each stock option granted during fiscal year 2004 to each of the named executive officers. Individual Grants Potential Realizable Shares of % of Total Value at Common Stock Options Exercise Assumed Rates of Stock Underlying Granted to Price Price Options Employees in Per Expiration Appreciation for Option Granted (#)(1) Fiscal Year Share Date Term (2) ($/Sh) 5% 10% ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Shimmy Zimels ......... 80,000 20.0% 2.85 12/22/14 $92,819 $216,307 Paul C. White.......... 75,000 18.7% 2.85 12/22/14 $87,018 $202,788 (1) The options were granted pursuant to the Company's 2004 Stock Incentive Plan (the "Plan"). The options granted to the named executive officers are non-qualified stock options and vest annually in three equal installments commencing one year from the date of grant. (2) The amounts shown in this table represent hypothetical gains that could be achieved for the respective options if exercised at the end of the option term. These gains are based on assumed rates of stock appreciation of 5% and 10% compounded annually from the date the respective options were granted to their expiration date. The gains shown are net of the option exercise price, but do not include deductions for taxes or other expenses associated with the exercise. Actual gains, if any, on stock option exercises will depend on the future performance of the Common Stock, the optionee's continued employment through the option period and the date on which the options are exercised. 42 Option Exercises in Fiscal 2004 and Year-End Option Values The following table sets forth information for the named executive officers with respect to option exercises during 2004 and the value as of December 31, 2004 of unexercised in-the-money options held by each of the named executive officers. Number of Securities Value of underlying Unexercised Unexercised In-The-Money Options at Options at Shares Year End (#) Year-End ($) Acquired Value Exercisable Exercisable Name On Exercise (#) Realized ($) /Unexercisable /Unexercisable - ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Shimmy Zimels.......... -- -- 478,937/170,001 626,265/203,235 Paul C. White.......... -- -- 248,332/151,668 498,547/179,953 Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation Executive compensation decisions in 2004 were made by the Compensation Committee. During 2004, no interlocking relationship existed between our Board and the board of directors or compensation committee of any other company. Director Compensation At our Annual Meeting on November 8, 2004, each of our non-management directors (Noam Bardin, Noam Ben-Ozer, Ilan Biran, Amir Gera, Joshua Maor, and Lior Samuelson) became eligible to receive $10,000 for their services as directors, through the next Annual Meeting date. We anticipate paying $10,000 to each outside director in 2005. Directors are reimbursed for the expenses they incur in attending meetings of the Board and Board committees. 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan The purposes of the 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan (the "Director Plan") are to enable us to attract, maintain and motivate qualified directors and to enhance a long-term mutuality of interest between our directors and shareholders of our Common Stock by granting our directors options to purchase our shares. The Director Plan provides for the automatic grant of nonstatutory stock options. Options granted under the Plan are not intended to qualify as "incentive stock options" within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"). The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the Director Plan shall not exceed (a) 351,216 shares, plus (b) such additional shares of Common Stock as are represented by Options previously granted under the 1999 Directors Plan which are cancelled or expire after the date of stockholder approval of the Director Plan without delivery of shares of stock by the Company. Initial Option Awards. Each director who is not an employee of the Company will be granted options to acquire 10,000 shares of Common Stock on the date he or she joins the Board. Subsequent Option Awards. On the first business day after each annual meeting of stockholders of the Company occurring during the term of the Plan, each non-employee director who meets the guidelines for Board service and who continues to be a non-employee director following such annual meeting shall automatically be granted an option to purchase 10,000 shares of Common Stock; provided that no Subsequent Option Award shall be made to any non-employee director who has not served as a director of the Company, as of the time of such annual meeting, for at least six months. 43 Committee Chairman Awards. Each non-employee director who is appointed as chairman of a standing committee of the Board (and has not served as the chairman of such committee immediately prior to the appointment) shall be automatically granted an option to purchase 10,000 shares of Common Stock on the date of such appointment. Each non-employee director who serves as a chairman of the full Board or of a standing committee of the Board other than the audit committee, and who meets the guidelines for Board service, immediately following each annual meeting of the Company's stockholders, shall be granted an option to purchase an additional 10,000 shares of Common Stock; provided that no Committee Chairman Award shall be made to: any non-employee director who has not served as a director of the Company, as of the time of such annual meeting, for at least six months, and no Committee Chairman Award shall be made to any Eligible Director who has received a Committee Chairman award for such service on the same committee within the past six months. Audit Committee Service Awards. Each non-employee director who is appointed as a member of the audit committee of the Board (and has not served as a member of such committee immediately prior to that appointment) shall be automatically granted an option to purchase 10,000 shares of Common Stock on the date of such appointment. Each non-employee director who serves as a member of the audit committee of the Board, and who meets the guidelines for Board service, immediately following each annual meeting of the Company's stockholders, shall be granted an option to purchase an additional 10,000 shares of Common Stock; provided that: no Audit Committee Service Award shall be made to any non-employee director who has not served as a director of the Company, as of the time of such annual meeting, for at least six months, and no Audit Committee Award shall be made to any Eligible Director who has received an Audit Committee award for such service within the past six months. In addition, the chairman of the audit committee of the Board shall be granted an additional option to purchase 5,000 shares of Common Stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a non-employee director shall receive a maximum of options to purchase 30,000 shares of Common Stock during any single calendar year. The exercise price per share of Common Stock of each option granted pursuant to the Plan shall be equal to the fair market value per share on the date of grant. If not previously exercised, each option shall expire on the earlier of (i) the tenth anniversary of the date of the grant thereof and (ii) on the first anniversary of the termination of the non-employee director's status as a director of the Company. Each option granted under the Plan shall become fully vested and exercisable on the first anniversary of the date of grant. In addition, options granted pursuant to the Plan will become exercisable in full upon a "change in control" as defined in the Plan. The Plan terminates at the close of business on September 23, 2014, unless sooner terminated by action of the Board or stockholders of the Company. Employment Agreements, Termination of Employment and Change-in-Control Arrangements We currently have employment agreements in place with Messrs. Zimels and White, each with the following principal terms: o The agreements, dated as of April 26, 2004, and are effective until August 31, 2006, and March 31, 2007, for Messrs. Zimels and White, respectively, and shall thereafter be automatically extended for the same duration on the expiration date and on each expiration date thereafter unless either party provides the other party with written notice of non-renewal at least 90 days prior to expiration of a term, provided that the executive provides notice of renewal to the Compensation Committee six (6) months prior to expiration of the term. o Pursuant to the agreements, Mr. Zimels and Mr. White are entitled to receive a base salary of $239,000 and $226,000, respectively during 2004. Such base salary shall be increased on each January 1, commencing January 1, 2005, by an amount equal to the base salary then in effect, multiplied by the applicable cost of living index during the prior year. The employee's base salary, as adjusted for cost of living increases, may be further increased at the option and in the discretion of the Board. As such, in 2005, Mr. Zimels and Mr. White are entitled to receive a base salary of $248,800 and $235,300, respectively. 44 o The employee's options are immediately exercisable in full upon a change of control. The employee's options, following any termination of the employee's employment, other than for cause, remain exercisable for the lesser of two years and the remaining term of the options. o If employee's employment is terminated by us without cause or by the employee for good reason (which includes, without limitation, a reduction in salary and/or bonus opportunity, a change of control and a material reduction in duties and responsibilities), the employee is entitled to receive previously earned, but unpaid salary, vested benefits and a payment equal to their annual base salary as in effect immediately prior to the termination date. o If employee dies or is unable to perform his duties, he or his representative, estate or beneficiary will be paid, in addition to any previously earned but unpaid salary and vested benefits, 12 months' total base salary reduced, in the case of disability, by any disability benefits they receive. On March 31, 2002, Messrs. White and Zimels each took a voluntary pay reduction for an unspecified time, from their then current salaries of $213,210, and $213,210, respectively, to $180,000 each. Messrs. Zimels' and White's kept their voluntary pay reduction in effect at $180,000 each, throughout 2004 whereas their contractual salaries for 2004 were $239,000 and $226,000, respectively, for 2004. Compensation Committee Report on Executive Compensation The Compensation Committee is responsible for recommending to the Board of Directors the overall executive compensation strategy of the Company and for the ongoing monitoring of the compensation strategy's implementation. In addition to recommending and reviewing the compensation of the executive officers, it is the responsibility of the Compensation Committee to recommend new incentive compensation plans and to implement changes and improvements to existing compensation plans, including the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan, the 1999 Performance Incentive Plan, the 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, the 1999 Directors' Plan, the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, and the 2004 Non-Employee Director's Plan. The Compensation Committee makes its compensation determinations based upon its own analysis of information it compiles and the business experience of its members. Overall Policy The Compensation Committee believes that the stability of the Company's management team, as well as the Company's ability to continue to incentivize management and to attract and retain highly qualified executives for its expanding operations, will be a contributing factor to the Company's continued growth and success. In order to promote stability, growth and performance, and to attract new executives, the Company's strategy is to compensate its executives with an overall package that the Company believes is competitive with those offered by similarly situated companies and which consists of (i) a stable base salary set at a sufficiently high level to retain and motivate these officers but generally targeted to be in the lower half of its peer group comparables, (ii) an annual bonus linked to the Company's overall performance each year and to the individual executive's performance each year and (iii) equity-related compensation which aligns the financial interests of the Company's executive officers with those of the Company's stockholders by promoting stock ownership and stock performance through the grant of stock options and stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and other equity and equity-based interests under the Company's various plans. Executive officers are also entitled to customary benefits generally available to all employees of the Company, including group medical and life insurance. Base salary, bonuses and benefits are paid by the Company and its subsidiaries. 45 Federal Income Tax Deductibility of Executive Compensation Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), limits the amount of compensation a publicly held corporation may deduct as a business expense for Federal income tax purposes. The limit, which applies to a company's chief executive officer and the four other most highly compensated executive officers, is $1 million (the "Deductibility Limit"), subject to certain exceptions. The exceptions include the general exclusion of performance-based compensation from the calculation of an executive officer's compensation for purposes of determining whether his or her compensation exceeds the Deductibility Limit. The Compensation Committee has determined that compensation payable to the executive officers should generally meet the conditions required for full deductibility under section 162(m) of the Code. While the Company does not expect to pay its executive officers compensation in excess of the Deductibility Limit, the Compensation Committee also recognizes that in certain instances it may be in the best interest of the Company to provide compensation that is not fully deductible. Base Salary The base salaries for the named executive officers are based upon employment agreements between the Company and such officers. Annual Incentive Bonuses The Board established the 1999 Performance Incentive Plan to enable the Company and its subsidiaries to attract, retain, motivate and reward the best qualified executive officers and key employees by providing them with the opportunity to earn competitive compensation directly linked to the Company's performance. The Performance Incentive Plan is effective through and including the year 2005, unless extended or earlier terminated by the Board of Directors. As part of the Performance Incentive Plan, the Compensation Committee may determine that any bonus payable under the Performance Incentive Plan be paid in cash, in shares of Common Stock or in any combination thereof, provided that at least 50% of such bonus is required to be paid in cash. In addition, the Performance Incentive Plan permits a participant to elect to defer payment of his or her bonus on terms and conditions established by the Compensation Committee. No more than 400,000 shares of Common Stock may be issued under the Performance Incentive Plan. Under the 1999 Performance Incentive Plan, bonuses may be payable if the Company meets any one or more of the following performance criteria, which are set annually by the Compensation Committee: (i) revenues; (ii) operating income; (iii) gross profit margin; (iv) net income; (v) earnings per share; (vi) maximum capital or marketing expenditures; or (vii) targeted levels of customers. Under the 1999 Performance Incentive Plan, bonus amounts are determined as follows: if 100% of such targets are achieved, the bonus potentially payable to participants will generally equal 35% of their base salary (45% in the case of the Chief Executive Officer) for such year, if 80% of such targets are achieved, the bonus potentially payable to participants will generally equal 25% of their base salary for such year, and if less than 80% of such targets are achieved, the participants will generally not be entitled to receive any bonus for such year. To the extent the Company's results exceed 80% of the targets but is less that 100% of the targets, the amount of the bonus payable to participants will be adjusted proportionately based on where such results fall within the ranges set forth above. Any such bonus will consist of two components. Fifty percent of the amount determined pursuant to the formula described above will be payable if the targets are achieved. Up to an additional 50% of such amount will be payable in the discretion of the Compensation Committee. In addition, the 1999 Performance Incentive Plan permits the Compensation Committee to grant discretionary bonuses to participants, notwithstanding that a bonus would not otherwise be payable under the 1999 Performance Incentive Plan, to recognize extraordinary individual performance. With respect to 2004, bonuses in the amount of $107,550 and $79,100 were awarded to Mr. Zimels and Mr. White respectively, under the 1999 Performance Incentive Plan. Pursuant to the terms of the 1999 Performance Incentive Plan, awards will be paid in the current year, following the completion of the audit of the Company's 2004 financial statements. In addition, one-time bonuses of $17,500 and $15,000 were awarded to Mr. Zimels and Mr. White respectively by the Compensation Committee in the first-half of 2004. Mr. Zimels and Mr. White's bonuses for 2004 were based on the Company's achievement of certain targets for revenues, gross profit and EBITDA as well as the signing up a certain number of additional customers to use the deltathree platform solution. 46 Long-Term Incentive Compensation The Company reinforces the importance of producing satisfactory returns to stockholders over the long term through the operation of the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan. For a discussion relating to the Director Plan, refer to the section entitled "2004 Non-Employee Director Option Plan" in this annual report. Grants of stock, stock options, stock unit awards and stock appreciation rights under such plans provide executives with the opportunity to acquire an equity interest in the Company and align the executive's interest with that of the stockholders to create stockholder value as reflected in growth in the market price of the Common Stock. 2004 Stock Incentive Plan The Board of Directors adopted the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan on September 23, 2004 and it was subsequently approved by the stockholders at the annual meeting on November 8, 2004. The purposes of the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan are to foster and promote the long-term financial success of the Company and materially increase stockholder value by (i) motivating superior performance by means of performance-related incentives, (ii) encouraging and providing for the acquisition of an ownership interest in the Company by executive officers and other key employees and (iii) enabling the Company to attract and retain the services of an outstanding management team upon whose judgment, interest and special effort the successful conduct of its operations is largely dependent. Under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, the Compensation Committee is authorized to grant options for 759,732 shares of Common Stock (which represents 4,000,000 shares of Common Stock reserved under the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan (the "1999 Plan") less the amount of shares represented by awards previously granted under the 1999 Plan and exercised or outstanding as of September 28, 2004), plus (b) such additional shares of Common Stock as are represented by awards previously granted under the 1999 Plan which are cancelled or without delivery of shares of stock by the Company. Options granted under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan are to be granted to certain officers of the Company and to other employees and consultants of the Company. Directors who are non-employees of the Company are prohibited from participating in the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan. The 2004 Stock Incentive Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee and provides for the grant of (i) incentive and non-incentive stock options to purchase Common Stock; (ii) stock appreciation rights, which may be granted in tandem with or independently of stock options; (iii) restricted stock and restricted units; (iv) incentive stock and incentive units; (v) deferred stock units; and (vi) stock in lieu of cash. The maximum number of shares for which options or stock appreciation rights may be granted to any one participant in a calendar year is 500,000. As of December 31, 2004, the Company has outstanding options to acquire an aggregate of 3,066,939 shares of Common Stock, of which 2,555,439 were granted under the 1999 Plans and 511,500 were granted under the 2004 Plans. 47 Chief Executive Officer's Fiscal 2004 Compensation Mr. Shimmy Zimels was our chief executive officer for all of 2004. Under the terms of his employment agreement, Mr. Zimels was entitled to receive an aggregate annual base salary of $239,000. However, during 2004, Mr. Zimels received an aggregate annual base salary of $180,000, due to his voluntary pay reduction, a one-time bonus of $17,500 was awarded by the Compensation Committee in the first-half of 2004 and his participation in the 1999 Performance Incentive Plan resulted in bonus compensation of $107,550 for 2004. Submitted by: The Compensation Committee Amir Gera Joshua Maor 48 STOCK PERFORMANCE CHART The graph depicted below shows a comparison of cumulative total shareholder returns for our common stock with the cumulative total return on the total return on The Nasdaq Stock Market (U.S.) Index and the Nasdaq Telecommunications Index. Shareholder returns over the indicated period are based on historical data and should not be considered indicative of future shareholder returns. [GRAPHIC OMITTED][GRAPHIC OMITTED] Cumulative Total Return ------------------------------------------------------ 12/99 12/00 12/01 12/02 12/03 12/04 --------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- deltathree, Inc. $100.00 $ 4.61 $ 3.50 $ 1.84 $ 11.34 $12.89 Nasdaq Stock Market (U.S.) 100.00 60.09 45.44 26.36 38.55 40.87 Nasdaq Telecommunications Market 100.00 52.17 38.29 23.31 41.85 45.52 49 ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership of shares of our Common Stock as of March 29, 2005 by: o each person who we know owns beneficially more than 5% of our Common Stock; o each of our directors individually; o each of our named executive officers individually; and o all of our executive officers and directors as a group. Unless otherwise indicated, to our knowledge, all persons listed below have sole voting and investment power with respect to their shares of Common Stock. Each person listed below disclaims beneficial ownership of their shares, except to the extent of their pecuniary interests therein. Shares of Common Stock that an individual or group has the right to acquire within 60 days of March 29, 2005 pursuant to the exercise of options are deemed to be outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of such person or group, but are not deemed outstanding for the purpose of calculating the percentage owned by any other person listed. Number Percentage(1) ------ ------------- Shares of deltathree Class A Common Stock Beneficially Owned ------------------------ Principal Stockholder: Atarey Hasharon Chevra Lepituach Vehashkaot Benadlan (1991) Ltd. ...................................... 12,397,677 41.4% 7 Giborey Israel St., P.O. Box 8468 South Netanya Industrial Zone 42504, Israel .... Executive Officers and Directors: Noam Bardin(2)(3) .................................. 796,304 2.7% Shimmy Zimels(2)(4) ................................ 713,407 2.4% Paul C. White(2)(5) ................................ 400,000 1.3% Noam Ben-Ozer (2)(5) ............................... 24,848 * Ilan Biran (2)(5) .................................. 49,848 * Amir Gera (2)(5) ................................... 44,848 * Joshua Maor (2)(6) ................................. 70,999 * Lior Samuelson (2)(5) .............................. 54,848 * All Directors and Executive Officers as a group (8 persons)(7) ................................... 2,155,102 7.2% - ----------- * Less than 1%. (1) Percentage of beneficial ownership is based on 29,961,086 shares of Common Stock outstanding as of March 29, 2005. (2) The address for the director or executive officer listed is c/o the Company. 50 (3) Includes (a) 187,366 shares of Common Stock and (b) options to purchase 608,938 shares of Common Stock. (4) Includes (a) 64,469 shares of Common Stock and (b) options to purchase 649,938 shares of Common Stock. (5) Represents options to purchase shares of Common Stock. (6) Includes (a) 16,151 shares of Common Stock and (b) options to purchase 54,848 shares of Common Stock. (7) Includes (a) 267,986 shares of Common Stock and (b) options to purchase 1,887,116 shares of Common Stock. Equity Compensation Plan Information The following table provides certain aggregate information with respect to all of our equity compensation plans in effect as of December 31, 2004: Plan Category Number of Securities to be Weighted Average Exercise Number of Securities Issued Upon Exercise of Price of Outstanding Remaining Available for Outstanding Options, Options, Warrants and Future Issuance Under Warrants and Rights Rights Equity Compensation Plans (excluding securities reflected in first column) - ------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------- Equity Compensation 3,066,939 $2.50 662,950 Plans Approved by Security Holders (1) - ------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------- Equity Compensation Plans not Approved by Security Holders N/A N/A N/A - ------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------- Total 3,066,939 $2.50 662,950 - ------------------------- ---------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------------------------- (1) These plans consist of our 1999 Stock Incentive Plan, 1999 Directors' Plan, and 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 2004 Stock Incentive Plan and 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS We are not, and have not been during the last two fiscal years, a party to any related-party agreements. All transactions between us and our officers, directors, principal stockholders and affiliates must be reviewed and approved in advance by the Audit Committee. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES The following table presents fees for professional audit services rendered by Brightman Almagor & Co. for the audit of the Company's annual financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2004, and December 31, 2003, and fees billed for other services rendered by Brightman Almagor & Co. during those periods. 2004 2003 Audit fees $54,000 $54,000 Audit related fees 3,000 4,000 Tax fees 11,000 -- All Other Fees -- -- -------------------------------------- Total $68,000 $58,000 -------------------------------------- 51 In the above table, in accordance with the SEC's definitions and rules, "audit fees" are fees we paid Brightman Almagor & Co. for professional services for the audit of our annual financial statements and review of financial statements included in our quarterly reports filed with the SEC, as well as work generally only the independent auditor can reasonably be expected to provide, such as statutory audits and consultation regarding financial accounting and/or reporting standards; "audit-related fees" are fees billed by Brightman Almagor & Co. for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements, "tax fees" are fees for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning; and "all other fees" are fees billed by Brightman Almagor & Co for any services not included in the first three categories. Policy on Audit Committee Pre-Approval of Audit and Permissible Non-audit Services of Independent Auditors Consistent with SEC policies regarding auditor independence, the Audit Committee has responsibility for appointing, setting compensation and overseeing the work of the independent auditor. In recognition of this responsibility, the Audit Committee has established a policy to pre-approve all audit and permissible non-audit services provided by the independent auditor. Prior to engagement of the independent auditor for the next year's audit, management will submit an aggregate of services expected to be rendered during that year for each of four categories of services to the Audit Committee for approval. 1. Audit services include audit work performed in the preparation of financial statements, as well as work that generally only the independent auditor can reasonably be expected to provide, including comfort letters, statutory audits, and attest services and consultation regarding financial accounting and/or reporting standards. 2. Audit-Related services are for assurance and related services that are traditionally performed by the independent auditor, including due diligence related to mergers and acquisitions, employee benefit plan audits, and special procedures required to meet certain regulatory requirements. 3. Tax services include all services performed by the independent auditor's tax personnel except those services specifically related to the audit of the financial statements, and includes fees in the areas of tax compliance, tax planning, and tax advice. 4. Other Fees are those associated with services not captured in the other categories. The Company generally does not request such services from the independent auditor. Prior to engagement, the Audit Committee pre-approves these services by category of service. The fees are budgeted and the Audit Committee requires the independent auditor and management to report actual fees versus the budget periodically throughout the year by category of service. During the year, circumstances may arise when it may become necessary to engage the independent auditor for additional services not contemplated in the original pre-approval. In those instances, the Audit Committee requires specific pre-approval before engaging the independent auditor. The Audit Committee may delegate pre-approval authority to one or more of its members. The member to whom such authority is delegated must report, for informational purposes only, any pre-approval decisions to the Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting. 52 PART IV ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a)(1) Financial Statements. The Consolidated Financial Statements filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are identified in the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements on page F-1 hereto. (a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules. Financial Statement Schedules have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown on the financial statements or notes thereto. (a)(3) Exhibits. The following exhibits are filed herewith or are incorporated by reference to exhibits previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Exhibit Description Number ----------- - ------ 3.1.1* Form of Restated Certificate of Incorporation of deltathree, Inc. 3.1.2*** Form of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation of deltathree, Inc. 3.2* Form of Amended and Restated By-laws of deltathree, Inc. 4.1* Specimen Certificate of Common Stock. 4.2* Specimen Certificate of Class B Common Stock. 10.1* Form of deltathree, Inc. 1999 Stock Incentive Plan. 10.2* Form of deltathree, Inc. 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan. 10.3* Form of deltathree, Inc. 1999 Performance Incentive Plan. 10.4* Form of deltathree, Inc. 1999 Directors' Plan. 10.5### Employment Agreement, effective as of April 26, 2004, between Shimmy Zimels and deltathree, Inc. 10.6### Employment Agreement, effective as of April 26, 2004, between Paul White and deltathree, Inc. 10.7# 2004 Stock Incentive Plan 10.8# 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan 10.9 Form of Option Agreement Pursuant to 2004 Stock Incentive Plan 10.10 Form of Option Agreement Pursuant to 2004 Non-Employee Director Stock Option Plan 10.11 Executive and Director Compensation Arrangements 14.1## deltathree, Inc. Corporate Code of Conduct and Ethics 21.1 Subsidiaries of deltathree, Inc. 23.1 Consent of Brightman Almagor & Co. 31.1 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. 31.2 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32 Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 - ---------- * Incorporated by reference to the Company's registration statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-122242). ** Incorporated by reference to the Company's quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed on November 14, 2000. *** Incorporated by reference to the Company's annual report on Form 10-K/A filed on April 30, 2001. # Incorporated by reference to the Company's registration statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-86503). ## Incorporated by reference to the Company's annual report on Form 10-K filed on March 30, 2004. ### Incorporated by reference to the Company's annual report on Form 10-K/A filed on April 29, 2004. (b) Reports on Form 8-K. 53 DELTATHREE, INC. INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Report of Independent Registered Accounting Firm......................... F-2 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2004 and 2003............ F-3 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003, and 2002...................................... F-4 Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003, and 2002...................................... F-5 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003, and 2002...................................... F-6 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................... F-7 F-1 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM To the Stockholders of Deltathree, Inc. We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Deltathree, Inc. ("the Company") and its subsidiary as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company and its subsidiary as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the consolidated results of its operations and its consolidated cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Brightman Almagor & Co. Certified Public Accountants A member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Tel Aviv, Israel February 21, 2005 F-2 DELTATHREE, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS December 31, 2004 2003 ---- ---- ($ in thousands) ASSETS Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents ............................................. $ 13,755 $ 1,682 Short-term investments ................................................ 2,723 16,442 Accounts receivable, net (Note 3) ..................................... 325 363 Prepaid expenses and other current assets (Note 4) .................... 528 684 Inventory ............................................................. 193 60 --------- --------- Total current assets ............................................... 17,524 19,231 --------- --------- Property and equipment: Telecommunications equipment .......................................... 17,349 14,548 --------- --------- Furniture, fixtures and other ......................................... 535 534 Leasehold improvements ................................................ 4,615 4,615 Computers hardware & software ......................................... 7,370 7,091 --------- --------- 29,869 26,788 Less accumulated depreciation ......................................... (25,227) (22,481) --------- --------- Property and equipment, net ...................................... 4,642 4,307 --------- --------- Deposits ............................................................... 107 105 --------- --------- Total assets ...................................................... $ 22,273 $ 23,643 ========= ========= LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable ...................................................... $ 3,657 $ 2,139 Deferred revenues ..................................................... 453 172 Other current liabilities (Note 5) .................................... 2,034 2,100 --------- --------- Total current liabilities .......................................... 6,144 4,411 --------- --------- Long-term liabilities: Severance pay obligations (Note 6) .................................... 104 91 --------- --------- Total liabilities .................................................. 6,248 4,502 --------- --------- Commitments and contingencies (Note 7) Stockholders' equity (Note 8): Share capital: Class A Common stock, - par value $0.001; authorized 75,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding: 29,638,913 at December 31, 2004; 29,490,796 at December 31, 2003...................................... 29 29 Class B Common stock - par value $0.001; authorized 1,000; issued and outstanding: no shares at December 31, 2004 and 2003 .... -- -- Preferred stock, par value $0.001; authorized 25,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding: no shares at December 31, 2004 and 2003 ..... -- -- Additional paid-in capital ............................................ 167,301 167,168 Accumulated deficit ................................................... (151,095) (147,846) --------- --------- 16,235 19,351 --------- --------- Treasury stock at cost: 257,600 shares of Class A Common Stock as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 ........................................... (210) (210) --------- --------- Total stockholder's equity ............................................. 16,025 19,141 --------- --------- Total liabilities and stockholder's equity ............................. $ 22,273 $ 23,643 ========= ========= The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. F-3 DELTATHREE, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS Year ended December 31, ----------------------- 2004 2003 2002 ---- ---- ---- ($ in thousands, except share data) Revenues (Note 11): ................................ $ 21,069 $ 13,162 $ 12,929 Costs and operating expenses: Cost of revenues (exclusive of $1,218, $1,539 and $1,703 depreciation included in a separate line 13,791 8,393 8,934 below, respectively)............................ Research and development expenses (Note 9) ....... 2,531 2,326 3,435 Selling and marketing expenses ................... 3,274 3,325 3,910 General and administrative expenses (exclusive of non-cash compensation expense shown below) .... 2,186 2,062 2,158 Non-cash compensation expense .................... -- -- 270 Depreciation and amortization .................... 2,739 5,584 6,606 ------------ ------------ ------------ Total costs and operating expenses ................. 24,521 21,690 25,313 ------------ ------------ ------------ Loss from operations ............................... (3,452) (8,528) (12,384) Interest income, net ............................... 269 245 448 ------------ ------------ ------------ Loss before income taxes ........................... (3,183) (8,283) (11,936) Income taxes (Note 10) ............................. 66 57 141 ------------ ------------ ------------ Net loss ........................................... $ (3,249) $ (8,340) $ (12,077) ============ ============ ============ Net loss per share - basic and diluted ............. $ (0.11) $ (0.29) $ (0.42) ============ ============ ============ Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic and diluted (number of shares) .............. 29,346,971 28,988,589 28,888,367 ============ ============ ============ The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. F-4 DELTATHREE, INC. STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDER'S EQUITY ($ in thousands, except share data) Class A Common stock ------------ Number of Number of Outstanding Treasury Additional Shares Shares Amount Paid-in Capital ----------- ------------ ------ --------------- Balance at January 1, 2002 . 28,885,606 257,600 $ 29 166,801 Exercise of employee options 16,566 -* -- Amortization of deferred compensation expense ..... Loss for the year .......... ----------- ------------ ------ --------------- Balance at December 31, 2002 28,902,172 257,600 29 166,801 Exercise of employee options 331,024 -* 367 Loss for the year .......... ----------- ------------ ------ --------------- Balance at December 31, 2003 29,233,196 257,600 29 167,168 Exercise of employee options 148,117 -* 133 Loss for the year .......... ----------- ------------ ------ --------------- Balance at December 31, 2004 29,381,313 257,600 $ 29 $ 167,301 =========== ============ ====== =============== Total Deferred Treasury Stock Accumulated Stockholders' Compensation (at Cost) Deficit Equity ------------ -------------- ----------- ------------- Balance at January 1, 2002 . $ (270) $ (210) $ (127,429) $ 38,921 Exercise of employee options -- Amortization of deferred compensation expense ..... 270 270 Loss for the year .......... (12,077) (12,077) ------------ -------------- ----------- ------------- Balance at December 31, 2002 -- (210) (139,506) 27,114 Exercise of employee options 367 Loss for the year .......... (8,340) (8,340) ------------ -------------- ----------- ------------- Balance at December 31, 2003 -- (210) (147,846) 19,141 Exercise of employee options 133 Loss for the year .......... (3,249) (3,249) ------------ -------------- ----------- ------------- Balance at December 31, 2004 $ -- $ (210) $ (151,095) $ 16,025 ============ ============== =========== ============= * - Less than $ 1 thousand. The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. F-5 DELTATHREE, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Year ended December 31, ----------------------- 2004 2003 2002 ---- ---- ---- ($ in thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net loss ............................................................ $ (3,249) $ (8,340) $(12,077) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities Depreciation and amortization ................................ 2,739 5,584 6,606 Amortization of deferred compensation ........................ -- -- 270 Capital gain, net ............................................ (2) (17) (56) Increase (decrease) in liability for severance pay, net ...... 13 (22) (78) Provision for losses on accounts receivable .................. -- 65 81 Decrease in accounts receivable .............................. 38 224 359 Decrease in other current assets ............................. 156 76 504 Increase in inventory ........................................ (133) (60) -- Increase (decrease) in accounts payable ...................... 765 (269) (975) Increase (decrease) in deferred revenues ..................... 281 (162) (171) Increase in current liabilities .............................. (66) (230) (667) -------- -------- -------- 3,791 5,189 5,873 -------- -------- -------- Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities ............... 542 (3,151) (6,204) -------- -------- -------- Cash flows from investing activities: Purchase of property and equipment ........................... (2,323) (368) (403) Proceeds from sale of property and equipment ................. 4 48 62 Increase (decrease) in deposits .............................. (2) (5) 3 -------- -------- -------- Net cash used in investing activities ............................. (2,321) (325) (338) -------- -------- -------- Cash flows from financing activities: Decrease (increase) in short-term investments ................ 13,719 (890) (1,360) Proceeds from exercise of employee options ................... 133 367 -- -------- -------- -------- Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities ............... 13,852 (523) (1,360) -------- -------- -------- Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents .................... 12,073 (3,999) (7,902) Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ...................... 1,682 5,681 13,583 -------- -------- -------- Cash and cash equivalents at end of year ............................ $ 13,755 $ 1,682 $ 5,681 ======== ======== ======== Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: Cash paid for: Taxes ........................................................... $ 23 $ 57 $ 236 Supplemental schedule of non cash investing and financing activities: Acquisition of fixed assets on credit ............................. $ 753 $ 102 $ 194 Cancellation of fixed assets in exchange of a payable ............. $ -- $ -- $ 136 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. F-6 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 1 - The Company Deltathree, Inc. (the "Company"), a Delaware corporation, is a global provider of integrated Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) telephony services. The Company was founded in 1996 to capitalize on the growth of the Internet as a communication tool by commercially offering Internet Protocol (IP) telephony services. IP telephony is the real time transmission of voice communications in the form of digitized "packets" of information over the public Internet or a private network, similar to the way in which e-mail and other data is transmitted. The Company's business currently includes the transmission of voice and data traffic for communications carriers, the provision of enhanced Web-based and other communications services to individual consumers and the provision of a total "Hosted Communication Solution" that enables corporate customers and service providers to offer private label telecommunications to their customer bases. Note 2 - Summary of significant accounting policies a. Basis of presentation The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. b. Principles of consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiary. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. c. Financial statements in U.S. dollars The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar ("dollar"). The dollar is the functional currency of the Company and its subsidiary. Transactions and balances originally denominated in dollars are presented at their original amounts. Non-dollar transactions and balances are remeasured into dollars in accordance with the principles set forth in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 52. All exchange gains and losses from translation of monetary balance sheet items resulting from transactions in non-dollar currencies are recorded in the statement of operations as they arise. d. Use of estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions, primarily for allowances for doubtful accounts receivable and the useful lives of fixed assets and intangible assets, that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. e. Cash and cash equivalents Cash equivalents consist of short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into cash with original maturities of three months or less. f. Short-term investments Short-term investments consist primarily of high liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity at the date of purchase of greater than 90 days and investments in mutual funds. Short-term investments are stated at market value. g. Inventory Inventory is stated at the lower of cost (principally on a standard cost basis which approximates FIFO) or market. h. Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the depreciable assets, which range from two to five years. Leasehold improvements are amortized based on the straight-line method over the shorter of the term of the lease, or the estimated useful life of the improvements. F-7 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 2 - Summary of significant accounting policies (Cont.) i. Long lived assets The Company applies provisions of SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. This statement requires that long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. j. Revenue recognition and deferred revenue The Company recognizes revenues from Internet telephony services based on minutes (or fractions thereof) of customer usage. The Company records payments received in advance for prepaid services and services to be supplied under contractual agreements as deferred revenue until such related services are provided. k. Cost of revenues Cost of revenues is comprised primarily of access, transmission and termination costs based on actual minutes in addition to monthly circuit lease costs. l. Research and development expenses Research and development expenses are expensed as incurred. m. Income taxes The Company provides for income taxes using the liability approach defined by SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected tax consequences between the tax bases of the assets and liabilities and their reported amounts. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized and are reversed at such time that realization is believed to be more likely than not. n. Stock-based compensation The Company accounts for employee stock-based compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" and in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 44. Pursuant to these accounting pronouncements, the Company records compensation for stock options granted to employees over the vesting period of the options based on the difference, if any, between the exercise price of the options and the market price of the underlying shares at that date. Deferred compensation is amortized to compensation expense over the vesting period of the options. Had compensation cost for the Company's option plans been determined on the basis of the fair value at the grant dates in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123 "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," as amended by SFAS No. 148, the Company's pro forma net loss and pro forma basic and diluted net loss per share would have been as follows: F-8 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 2 - Summary of significant accounting policies (Cont.) n. Stock-based compensation (Cont.) Year ended December 31, ----------------------- 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 2 ------- ------- ------- ($ in thousands) Pro forma net loss: Net loss for the year, as reported ..................... $ (3,249) $ (8,340) $(12,077) Deduct: stock-based compensation determined under APB 25 -- -- 270 Add: stock-based compensation determined under SFAS 123 (202) (374) (2,102) Pro forma net loss ..................................... $ (3,451) $ (8,714) $(13,909) Net loss per share - basic and diluted: As reported ............................................ $ (0.11) $ (0.29) $ (0.42) Pro forma .............................................. $ (0.12) $ (0.30) $ (0.48) The following assumptions were used for the years 2004, 2003 and 2002: dividend yield of 0.00% for all periods; risk-free interest rate of 3.2%, 2.2% and 4.8% respectively; an expected life of 3-years for all periods; a volatility rate of 87%, 140% and 150% respectively. Because the determination of the fair value of all options granted includes an expected volatility factor and since additional option grants are expected to be made each year, the above pro forma disclosures are not representative of the pro forma effects of reported net income for future years. o. Net loss per share Basic and diluted net loss per share have been computed in accordance with SFAS No. 128, "Earnings Per Share", using the weighted average number of common stock outstanding. Diluted earnings per share give effect to all potential dilutive issuances of ordinary shares that were outstanding during the period. A total of 957,369, 222,553, and 32,746 incremental shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per ordinary share for 2004, 2003 and 2002 respectively. p. Concentration of credit risk The Company is subject to concentrations of credit risk, which consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments and trade accounts receivable. The Company maintains its cash balances at various financial institutions. The Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit standing of these institutions. The majority of the Company's non-carrier customers prepay for their services. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of customers, historical trends and other information. q. Fair value of financial instruments The financial instruments of the Company consist mainly of cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, current accounts receivable, accounts payable and long-term liabilities. In view of their nature, the fair value of the financial instruments included in working capital of the Company is usually identical or close to their carrying amounts. F-9 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 2 - Summary of significant accounting policies (Cont.) r. Derivatives The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities," as amended, at the beginning of fiscal year 2001. The standard requires the Company to recognize all derivatives on the balance sheet at fair value. Derivatives that are not hedges must be adjusted to fair value through the statement of operations. If the derivative is a hedge, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of derivatives will either be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged assets, liabilities or firm commitments through earnings, or recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative's change in fair value will be immediately recognized in earnings. The Company use of derivatives is immaterial. s. Recently issued accounting standards SFAS NO. 123 (REVISED 2004) "SHARE BASED PAYMENTS" - In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004) "Share Based Payments" ("SFAS 123(R)"). This Statement is a revision of FASB Statement No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation", which supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued Employees" and its authoritative interpretations. SFAS 123(R) establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services; focuses primarily on accounting for transactions in which an entity obtains employee and directors services in share-based payment transactions; and does not change the accounting guidance for share-based payment transactions with parties other than employees. SFAS 123(R) eliminates the alternative to use APB 25's intrinsic value method of accounting that was provided in SFAS 123 as originally issued and requires measuring the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The fair-value-based method in this Statement is similar to the fair-value-based method in SFAS 123 in most respects. The costs associated with the awards will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award- the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). The grant-date fair value of employee share options and similar instruments will be estimated using option-pricing models adjusted for the unique characteristics of those instruments (unless observable market prices for the same or similar instruments are available). If an equity award is modified after the grant date, incremental compensation cost will be recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the fair value of the modified award over the fair value of the original award immediately before the modification. The provisions of SFAS 123(R) apply to all awards to be granted by the Company after June 30, 2005 and to awards modified, repurchased, or cancelled after that date. When initially applying the provisions of SFAS 123(R), in the third quarter of 2005, the Company will be required to elect between using either the "modified prospective method" or the "modified retrospective method". Under the modified prospective method, the Company is required to recognize compensation cost for all awards granted after the adoption of SFAS 123(R) and for the unvested portion of previously granted awards that are outstanding on that date. Under the modified retrospective method, the Company is required to restate its previously issued financial statements to recognize the amounts previously calculated and reported on a pro forma basis, as if the original provisions of SFAS 123 had been adopted. Under both methods, it is permitted to use either a straight line or an accelerated method to amortize the cost as an expense for awards with graded vesting. Management has recently commenced identifying the potential future impact of applying the provisions of SFAS 123(R), including each of its proposed transition methods, yet is currently unable to fully quantify the effect of this Standard on the Company's future financial position and results of operations. Nonetheless, it is expected that the adoption of SFAS 123(R) will increase the stock-based-award expenses the Company is to record in the future in comparison to the expenses recorded under the guidance currently applied by the Company. SFAS 153, EXCHANGE OF NON-MONETARY ASSETS - In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, "Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets an amendment of APB No. 29". This Statement amends Opinion 29 to eliminate the exception for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets and replaces it with a general exception for exchanges of nonmonetary assets that do not have commercial substance. The Statement specifies that a nonmonetary exchange has commercial substance if the future cash flows of the entity are expected to change significantly as a result of the exchange. This Statement is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. Earlier application is permitted. F-10 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 3 - Accounts receivable, net Accounts receivable are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $ 40,000 and $ 40,000 at December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Note 4 - Prepaid expenses and other current assets Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following: December 31, 2004 2003 ---- ---- ($ in thousands) Government of Israel (VAT refund and other) ................ $ 29 $ 24 Deposits with suppliers .................................... 149 364 Prepaid expenses ........................................... 207 228 Other ...................................................... 143 68 Total prepaid expenses and other current assets ......... $528 $684 Note 5 - Other current liabilities Other current liabilities consist of the following: December 31, 2004 2003 ---- ---- ($ in thousands) Accrued expenses ................................. $1,123 $1,017 Employees and related expenses ................... 668 806 Other ............................................ 243 277 Total other current liabilities ................ $2,034 $2,100 Note 6 - Severance pay obligations Deltathree Ltd., the Company's Israeli subsidiary, is subject to certain Israeli law and labor agreements that determine the obligations of Deltathree Ltd. to make severance payments to dismissed employees and to employees leaving the Company under certain other circumstances. The obligation for severance pay benefits, as determined by Israeli law, is based upon length of service and the employee's most recent salary. This obligation is partially funded through regular deposits made by Deltathree Ltd. into unaffiliated companies for managers' insurance policies. Amounts funded are controlled by the fund trustees and insurance companies and are not under the control and management of Deltathree Ltd. Expenses )income) relating to employee termination benefits were $ 12,338, $ (8,375) and $ 5,000 for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The aggregate value of the insurance policies as of December 31, 2004 and 2003 was $513,000 and $409,000 respectively. Note 7 - Commitments and contingencies a. Lease commitments The Company leases offices in New York City for the headquarters of its United States operation with an initial cost of approximately $650,000, increasing annually to $815,000 during the final year of the lease. The lease extends until July 2010 with an option to extend the lease for an additional five years. F-11 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS On October 2003 the company entered into a sub-lease agreement with a third party to sub-lease approximately 30% of the overall the New York office space. The annual sub-lease income in 2004 was approximately $150,000, increasing annually to $168,000 during the final year of the lease. The sub-lease extends until July 2010. Rent expense, net was $ 611,000, $ 695,067 and $ 681,545 for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. In addition, the Company leases offices in Israel at an annual cost of $ 209,000. The lease term that expired on February 2003 contained an option to extend the lease for up to an additional five years. In June 2002 the Company signed an extension agreement for an additional three years, commencing February 2003, at an annual cost of $202,000. b. Legal proceedings Final settlement documentation for litigation relating to a number of initial public offerings, including the Company, is in the process of being approved. The Company does not presently expect to make any payments under the pending settlement. The history of this litigation is as follows: The Company, as well as certain of its former officers and directors, has been named as defendants in a number of purported securities class actions in Federal District Court for the Southern District of New York, arising out of the Company's initial public offering in November 1999 (the "IPO"). Various underwriters of the IPO also are named as defendants in the actions. The complaints allege, among other things, that the registration statement and prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for purposes of the IPO were false and misleading because they failed to disclose that the underwriters allegedly (i) solicited and received commissions from certain investors in exchange for allocating to them shares of our stock in connection with the IPO and (ii) entered into agreements with their customers to allocate such stock to those customers in exchange for the customers agreeing to purchase additional shares in the aftermarket at predetermined prices. On August 8, 2001, the court ordered that these actions, along with hundreds of IPO allocation cases against other issuers, be transferred to Judge Scheindlin for coordinated pre-trial proceedings. In July 2002, omnibus motions to dismiss the complaints based on common legal issues were filed on behalf of all issuers and underwriters. On February 19, 2003, the Court issued an opinion granting in part and denying in part those motions to dismiss. The complaint against the Company was not dismissed as a matter of law. The Company believes that the claims asserted against the Company in these cases are without merit and intends to defend itself vigorously against them. Final settlement documentation is in the process of being approved. Under the terms of the proposed settlement agreement, the Company is not conceding any liability and will not bear any expenses associated with the settlement, other than legal fees that may be incurred. c. Other marketing and cooperation agreements The Company has entered into marketing and cooperation agreements with various other companies that maintain sites on the Web. Pursuant to certain of these agreements, the Company is obligated to pay commissions based on revenues derived from such Web links. F-12 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 8 - Stockholders' equity a. Share capital Following the Company's initial public offering, effective December 1999, the Company's stock was listed on the NASDAQ National Market System. On September 17, 2002 the listing of the Company's common stock was transferred from the Nasdaq National Market to the Nasdaq SmallCap Market. b. Stock Options In November 1999, the Company's Board established the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan. Under this plan, 4,000,000 shares of Class A were reserved for issuance upon exercise of awards to be granted. On September 23, 2004 the Board of Directors adopted the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan and it was subsequently approved by the stockholders at the annual meeting on November 8, 2004. This plan replaced the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan. Under the 2004 Stock Incentive Plan, the Compensation Committee is authorized to grant options for 759,732 shares of Common Stock (which represents 4,000,000 shares of Common Stock reserved under the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan less the amount of shares represented by awards previously granted under the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan and exercised or outstanding as of September 28, 2004), plus (b) such additional shares of Common Stock as are represented by awards previously granted under the 1999 Stock Incentive Plan which are cancelled or without delivery of shares of stock by the Company. In addition, the Company's compensation committee may grant both incentive and non-incentive stock options for shares of Class A common stock of the Company. The options generally have a term of seven years and become exercisable in three equal installments commencing on the first anniversary of the date of the grant. The purchase price per share payable upon exercise of an option is no less than the fair market value of the share at the date of grant. In November 1999, the Company adopted the 1999 Directors' Compensation Plan. Under this plan, 600,000 shares of Class A were reserved for issuance upon exercise of awards to be granted to non-employee directors. On September 23, 2004 the Board of Directors adopted the 2004 Non-employee Director Stock Option Plan and it was subsequently approved by the stockholders at the annual meeting on November 8, 2004. This plan replaced the 1999 Director' Plan. Under the 2004 Non-employee Director Stock Option Plan , the Compensation Committee is authorized to grant options for 351,216 shares of Common Stock (which represents 600,000 shares of Common Stock reserved under the 1999 Directors' Compensation Plan less the amount of shares represented by awards previously granted under the 1999 Directors' Compensation Plan and exercised or outstanding as of September 28, 2004), plus (b) such additional shares of Common Stock as are represented by awards previously granted under the 1999 Directors' Compensation Plan which are cancelled or without delivery of shares of stock by the Company. The options generally have a term of seven years and become exercisable commencing on the first anniversary of the date of the grant. The purchase price per share payable upon exercise of an option is no less than the fair market value of the share at the date of grant. As of December 31, 2004, options to purchase 3,066,939 shares of Class A were outstanding with exercise prices ranging between $ 0.004 and $15.00 per share. F-13 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 8 - Stockholders' equity (Cont.) b. Stock Options (Cont.) A summary of the status of the Company's stock option plans as of December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 and changes during the years then ended, is presented below: December 31, 2004 December 31, 2003 December 31, 2002 ------------------------- ------------------------ ------------------------- Weighted Weighted Weighted average average average Shares Exercise price Shares Exercise price Shares Exercise price --------- -------------- --------- -------------- ------- -------------- Options outstanding at beginning of year ........................... 2,753,530 $ 2.55 3,449,520 $ 2.87 2,591,2 $ 4.24 Granted during the year ........... 606,862 2.82 344,500 $ 1.75 1,335,348 $ 0.98 Exercised during the year ......... 148,117 0.90 331,024 $ 1.08 16,566 $ 0.004 Forfeited during the year ......... 144,936 6.80 709,866 $ 4.39 460,467 $ 5.20 --------- -------------- --------- -------------- ------- -------------- Outstanding at end of year ........ 3,066,939 $ 2.50 2,753,130 $ 2.55 3,449,520 $ 2.87 ========= ============== ========= ============== ========= ============== Weighted average fair value of options granted during the year.... $ 2.82 $ 1.75 $ 0.95 ========= ========= ========= Additional information regarding options outstanding as of December 31, 2004 is as follows: Options Outstanding Options Exercisable ------------------- --------------------------- Weighted average Remaining Weighted Number of Weighted Range of Number of Contractual Average Exercisable Average Exercise Prices Outstanding Life (Years) Exercise Price Options Exercise Price - ---------------- ----------- ------------------- -------------- ----------- -------------- $0.00 - $0.01 3,313 3.3 $ 0.00 3,313 $ 0.00 $0.44 - $0.44 27,668 6.6 0.44 18,332 0.44 $0.74 - $1.02 778,072 6.6 1.00 540,270 0.99 $1.13 - $1.38 825,442 6.0 1.33 825,442 1.33 $1.75 - $2.15 353,944 8.7 1.79 142,266 1.85 $2.85 - $2.95 586,348 9.3 2.87 74,848 2.95 $5.11 - $5.11 357,152 4.2 5.11 357,152 5.11 $10.25 - $15.00 135,000 4.1 12.08 135,000 12.08 ----------- ----------- 3,066,939 6.9 $ 2.50 2,097,073 $ 2.66 =========== =========== F-14 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 9 - Research and development expenses Research and development expenses consist of the following: Year ended December 31, 2004 2003 2002 ---- ---- ---- ($ in thousands) Salaries and related expenses .................... $1,775 $1,689 $2,462 Consulting and advisory fees ..................... 88 96 78 Travel ........................................... 65 22 41 Other ............................................ 603 519 854 ------ ------ ------ Total research and development expenses ...... $2,531 $2,326 $3,435 ====== ====== ====== Note 10 - Income taxes a. Provision for income taxes No provision for income taxes was required for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 due to net losses in these periods b. Tax loss carryforwards As of December 31, 2004, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards generated in the U.S. and Israel of approximately $131,042,000 and $ 6,555,000, respectively. The Company's U.S. net operating loss carryforwards will expire at various dates between 2012 and 2024 if not utilized. In addition, a portion of those net operating loss carryforwards could be subject to limitation due to changes in ownership of the Company. The Company's net operating losses generated in Israel may be carried forward indefinitely. The Israeli subsidiary received final tax assessments through the tax year ended December 31, 1999. c. In accordance with SFAS No. 109, the components of deferred income taxes are as follows: December 31, 2004 2003 ---- ---- ($ in thousands) Net operating losses carryforwards ............. $ 49,535 $ 48,297 Less valuation allowance ...................... (49,535) (48,297) -------- -------- Net deferred tax assets ..................... $ -- $ -- ======== ======== As of December 31, 2004, and 2003, a valuation allowance of $ 49,535,000 and $48,297,000 respectively, is provided as the realization of the deferred tax assets are not assured. d. Loss before income taxes: Year ended December 31, ----------------------- 2 0 0 4 2 0 0 3 2 0 0 2 ------- ------- ------- (US$ in thousands) Domestic .................... $ 3,145 $ 8,240 $ 9,820 Foreign ..................... 38 43 2,116 ------- ------- ------- Total ..................... $ 3,183 $ 8,283 $11,936 ======= ======= ======= F-15 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Note 11 - Segment reporting, geographical information and major customers The Company operates in one business segment, IP Telephony services, and makes business decisions and allocates resources accordingly. The following table summarizes the Company's revenues and long-lived assets by country. Revenue is attributed to geographic region based on the location of the customers. Long-lived assets are attributed to geographic region based on the country in which the assets are located. Year ended December 31, ----------------------- 2004 2003 2002 ---- ---- ---- ($ in thousands) Revenues: United States ........................................ $ 4,224 $ 4,602 $ 5,077 Europe ............................................... 1,127 966 984 South America ........................................ 2,432 817 903 Far East ............................................. 4,234 540 1,109 Middle East .......................................... 7,239 4,040 3,041 Other ................................................ 1,813 2,197 1,815 ------- ------- ------- Total revenues ..................................... $21,069 $13,162 $12,929 ======= ======= ======= Revenues from major customers exceeding 10% of revenues: Master Reseller - A .................................. 16% 19% -- December 31, 2004 2003 ---- ---- ($ in thousands) Long-lived assets: United States ............................... $4,331 $3,229 Israel ...................................... 240 653 Europe ...................................... 95 360 Other ....................................... -- 65 ------ ------ Total long-lived assets .................... $4,642 $4,307 ====== ====== F-16 DELTATHREE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Selected Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited) Three Months Ended, March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 -------- ------- ------------ ----------- ($ in thousands, except per share data) 2004 Total revenues ................................ $ 4,606 $ 4,701 $ 5,530 $ 6,232 Costs and operating expenses: Cost of revenues ............................ 3,009 3,047 3,665 4,070 Research and development expenses ........... 581 558 703 689 Selling and marketing expenses .............. 803 822 737 912 General and administrative expenses ......... 597 484 546 549 Depreciation and amortization ............... 747 719 619 656 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total costs and operating expenses ............ 5,737 5,630 6,270 6,876 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Loss from operations .......................... (1,131) (929) (740) (644) Interest income, net .......................... 86 49 81 53 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Loss before income taxes ...................... (1,045) (880) (659) (591) Income taxes .................................. 38 6 12 10 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Net loss ...................................... $ (1,083) $ (886) $ (671) $ (601) ============ ============ ============ ============ Net loss per share - basic and diluted ........ $ (0.04) $ (0.03) (0.02) $ (0.02) ============ ============ ============ ============ Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic and diluted ........................ 29,278,433 29,312,835 29,319,307 29,346,971 ============ ============ ============ ============ 2003 Total revenues ................................ $ 2,972 $ 2,985 $ 3,320 $ 3,885 Costs and operating expenses: Cost of revenues ............................ 1,862 1,955 2,010 2,566 Research and development expenses ........... 663 555 562 546 Selling and marketing expenses .............. 783 871 888 783 General and administrative expenses ......... 661 478 463 460 Depreciation and amortization ............... 1,604 1,527 1,313 1,140 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total costs and operating expenses ............ 5,573 5,386 5,236 5,495 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Loss from operations .......................... (2,601) (2,401) (1,916) (1,610) Interest income, net .......................... 104 42 73 26 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Loss before income taxes ...................... (2,497) (2,359) (1,843) (1,584) Income taxes .................................. 18 4 24 11 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Net loss ...................................... $ (2,515) $ (2,363) $ (1,867) $ (1,595) ============ ============ ============ ============ Net loss per share - basic and diluted ........ $ (0.09) $ (0.08) (0.06) $ (0.06) ============ ============ ============ ============ Weighted average number of shares outstanding - basic and diluted ........................ 28,923,296 28,923,296 28,976,345 29,138,244 ============ ============ ============ ============ F-17 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Annual Report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in New York, New York on March 30, 2005. DELTATHREE, INC. By: /s/ Paul C. White ---------------------------------- Paul C. White, Chief Financial Officer KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Shimmy Zimels and Paul C. White his true and lawful attorney-in-fact, each acting alone, with full power of substitution and resubstitution for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities to sign this Annual Report, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact or his substitutes, each acting alone, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated: Signature Title Date /s/ Shimmy Zimels Chief Executive Officer, President March 30, 2005 - ------------------------ and Director Shimmy Zimels (Principal Executive Officer) /s/ Paul C. White Chief Financial Officer (Principal March 30, 2005 - ------------------------ Accounting and Financial Officer) Paul C. White /s/ Noam Bardin Chairman of the Board of Directors March 30, 2005 - ------------------------ Noam Bardin /s/ Noam Ben-Ozer Director March 30, 2005 - ------------------------ Noam Ben-Ozer /s/ Ilan Biran Director March 30, 2005 - ------------------------ Ilan Biran /s/ Amir Gera Director March 30, 2005 - ------------------------ Amir Gera /s/ Joshua Maor Director March 30, 2005 - ------------------------ Joshua Maor /s/ Lior Samuelson Director March 30, 2005 - ------------------------ Lior Samuelson 54