TEXXAR, INC.

                            A Delaware Corporation

                                    BY-LAWS

                                   ARTICLE I

                          Principal Executive Office

     The Corporation may have offices at such other places within or without the
State of Delaware as the board of directors shall from time to time determine.

                                  ARTICLE II

                                 Stockholders

     SECTION  1. Place of  Meetings.  All annual  and  special  meetings  of the
stockholders  shall be held at the principal  executive  office or at such other
place  within or without  the State of Delaware  as the board of  directors  may
determine and as designated in the notice of such meeting.

     SECTION 2. Annual Meeting.  A meeting of the  stockholders for the election
of  directors  and for the  transaction  of any  other  business  shall  be held
annually at such date and time as the board of directors may determine.

     SECTION 3. Special  Meetings.  Special meeting of the  stockholders for any
purpose or purposes may be called at any time by the board of directors, or by a
committee of the board of directors  which as been duly  designated by the board
of directors  and whose powers and  authorities,  as provided in a resolution of
the board of directors or in these  by-laws,  include the power and authority to
call such meetings, or by stockholders owning at least twenty-five percent (25%)
of the entire voting power of the  corporation's  capital stock but such special
meetings may not be called by any other person or persons.

     SECTION  4.  Conduct of  Meetings.  Annual and  special  meetings  shall be
conducted in  accordance  with these  by-laws or as otherwise  prescribed by the
board of directors. The chairman or the chief executive officer shall preside at
such meetings.

     SECTION 5. Notice of Meeting.  Written  notice  stating the place,  day and
time of the meeting and the purpose or purposes  for which the meeting is called
shall be mailed by the secretary or the officer  performing his duties, not less
than ten days nor more than fifty days before the meeting to each stockholder of
record entitled to vote at such meeting.  If mailed, such notice shall be deemed
to be  delivered  when  deposited in the United  States  mail,  addressed to the
stockholder  at his address as it appears on the stock transfer books or records
as of the record date prescribed in Section 6, with postage thereon prepaid.  If
a stockholder be present at a meeting, or in writing waive notice thereof before
or after  the  meeting,  notice  of the  meeting  to such  stockholder  shall be
unnecessary.  When any  stockholders'  meeting,  either  annual or  special,  is
adjourned  for thirty days or more,  notice of the  adjourned  meeting  shall be
given as in the case of an original  meeting.  It shall not be necessary to give
any notice of the time and place of any meeting  adjourned  for less than thirty
days or of the business to be transacted at such adourned  meeting,  other than
an announcement at the meeting at which such adjournment is taken.

                                       1


     SECTION  6.  Fixing  of  Record  Date.   For  the  purpose  of  determining
stockholders  entitled to notice of or to vote at any stockholders'  meeting, or
any  adjournment  thereof,  or  stockholders  entitled to receive payment of any
dividend,  or in order to make a  determination  of  stockholders  for any other
proper purpose, the board of directors shall fix in advance a date as the record
date for any such determination of stockholders.  Such date in any case shall be
not more than sixty days, and in case of a stockholders'  meeting, not less than
ten days  prior  to the date on which  the  particular  action,  requiring  such
determination of stockholders, is to be taken.

     When a determination of stockholders  entitled to vote at any stockholders'
meeting has been made as  provided in this  section,  such  determination  shall
apply to any adjournment thereof.

     SECTION 7. Voting  Lists.  The officer or agent having  charge of the stock
transfer   books  for  shares  shall  make,   at  least  ten  days  before  each
stockholders' meeting, a complete record of the stockholders entitled to vote at
such meeting or any adjournment  thereof,  with the address of and the number of
shares held by each.  The record,  for a period of ten days before such meeting,
shall be kept on file at the  principal  executive  office,  whether  within  or
outside  the  State of Delaware,  and  shall be  subject  to  inspection  by any
stockholder  for any purpose  germane to the  meeting at any time  during  usual
business hours. Such record shall also be produced and kept open at the time and
place of the meeting and shall be subject to the  inspection of any  stockholder
for any purpose germane to the meeting during the whole time of the meeting. The
original  stock  transfer  books  shall  be  prima  facie  evidence  as  to  the
stockholders entitled to examine such record or transfer books or to vote at any
stockholders' meeting.

     SECTION 8. Quorum.  One-fourth of the outstanding  shares entitled to vote,
represented in person or by proxy,  shall constitute a quorum at a stockholders'
meeting.  If less than one-fourth of the outstanding shares are represented at a
meeting,  a majority of the shares so  represented  may adjourn the meeting from
time to time without further notice. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum
shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have
been transacted at the meeting as originally notified.  The stockholders present
at a duly organized meeting may continue to transact business until adjournment,
notwithstanding  the  withdrawal  of enough  stockholders  to leave  less than a
quorum.

     SECTION 9. Proxies. At all stockholders'  meetings,  a stockholder may vote
by proxy  executed  in writing  by such  stockholder  or by his duly  authorized
attorney in fact.  Proxies  solicited on behalf of the management shall be voted
as  directed  by such  stockholder  or, in the  absence  of such  direction,  as
determined  by a majority  of the board of  directors.  No proxy  shall be valid
after eleven months from the date of its execution unless otherwise  provided in
the proxy.

     SECTION 10.  Voting.  At each  election  for  directors  every  stockholder
entitled to vote at such  election  shall be entitled to one vote for each share
of stock held. Unless otherwise provided by the certificate of incorporation, by
statute,  or by these  by-laws,  a majority  of votes of the  shares  present in
person or by proxy at a lawful  meeting and  entitled to vote on the election of
directors shall be sufficient to pass on a transaction or matter,  except in the
election of directors,  which election shall be determined by a plurality of the
votes of the shares present in person or by proxy at the meeting and entitled to
vote on the election of directors.

                                       2


     SECTION  11.  Voting  of Shares  in the Name of Two or More  Persons.  When
ownership of stock stands in the name of two or more persons,  in the absence of
written  directions to the  Corporation  to the contrary,  at any  stockholders'
meeting any one or more of such  stockholders  may cast,  in person or by proxy,
all votes to which such  ownership is entitled.  In the event an attempt is made
to cast  conflicting  votes,  in person or by proxy,  by the several  persons in
whose name shares of stock stand,  the vote or votes to which these  persons are
entitled shall be cast as directed by a majority of those holding such stock and
present in person or by proxy at such  meeting,  but no votes  shall be cast for
such stock without the direction of such a majority.

     SECTION 12.  Voting of Shares by Certain  Holders.  Shares of capital stock
standing in the name of another  corporation may be voted by any officer,  agent
or proxy as these by-laws of such corporation may prescribe,  or, in the absence
of such provision,  as the board of directors of such corporation may determine.
Shares held by an administrator,  executor, guardian or conservator may be voted
by him, either in person or by proxy, without a transfer of such shares into his
name.  Shares  standing in the name of a trustee may be voted by him,  either in
person or by proxy,  but no trustee shall be entitled to vote shares held by him
without a transfer of such shares into his name.  Shares standing in the name of
a  receiver  may be voted by such  receiver,  and  shares  held by or under  the
control of a receiver may be voted by such receiver without the transfer thereof
into his name if authority to do so is contained in an appropriate  order of the
court or other public authority by which such receiver was appointed.

     A  stockholder  whose  shares are  pledged  shall be  entitled to vote such
shares at any stockholders' meeting until such shares have been transferred into
the name of the pledgee and  thereafter  such pledgee  shall be entitled to vote
the shares so transferred.

     Neither  treasury  shares of its own  stock  held by the  Corporation,  nor
shares held by another corporation, if a majority of the shares entitled to vote
for  the  election  of  directors  of such  other  corporation  are  held by the
Corporation,  shall  be  voted  at  any  stockholders'  meeting  or  counted  in
determining  the total  number  of  outstanding  shares  at any  given  time for
purposes of any meeting.

     SECTION  13.  Inspectors  of  Election.  In  advance  of any  stockholders'
meeting,  the  chairman of the board or the board of  directors  may appoint any
persons,  other than  nominees for office,  as  inspectors of election to act at
such  meeting or any  adjournment  thereof.  The number of  inspectors  shall be
either  one or three.  If the board of  directors  appoints  either one or three
inspectors,  that appointment shall not be altered at the meeting. If inspectors
of election are not so  appointed,  the  chairman of the board of directors  may
make an  appointment at the meeting.  In case any person  appointed as inspector
fails to  appear  or fails or  refuses  to act,  the  vacancy  may be  filled by
appointment  in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the  chairman of the
board of directors or the president of the Corporation.

     Unless  otherwise   prescribed  by  applicable  law,  the  duties  of  such
inspectors  shall  include:  determining  the  number of shares of stock and the
voting power of each share, the shares of stock represented at the meeting,  the
existence  of a quorum,  the  authenticity,  validity  and  effect  of  proxies;
receiving votes, ballots or consents; hearing and determining all challenges and
questions in any way arising in connection with the right to vote;  counting and
tabulating all votes or consents;  determining the result;  and such acts as may
be proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all stockholders.

                                       3


     SECTION 14.  Nominating  Committee.  The board of  directors or a committee
appointed  by the board of  directors  shall  act as  nominating  committee  for
selecting the management nominees for election as directors.  Except in the case
of a  nominee  substituted  as a result of the  death or other  incapacity  of a
management nominee,  the nominating  committee shall deliver written nominations
to the  secretary at least twenty days prior to the date of the annual  meeting.
Provided such committee  makes such  nominations,  no nominations  for directors
except those made by the nominating  committee shall be voted upon at the annual
meeting  unless  other  nominations  by  stockholders  are made in  writing  and
delivered  to  the   secretary  in  accordance   with  the   provisions  of  the
Corporation's certificate of incorporation.

     SECTION  15. New  Business.  Any new  business to be taken up at the annual
meeting  shall be stated in writing and filed with the  secretary in  accordance
with the  provisions of the  Corporation's  certificate of  incorporation.  This
provision shall not prevent the consideration and approval or disapproval at the
annual  meeting  of  reports  of  officers,  directors  and  committees,  but in
connection  with such reports no new business shall be acted upon at such annual
meeting unless stated and filed as provided in the Corporation's  certificate of
incorporation.

                                  ARTICLE III

                              Board of Directors

     SECTION 1. General  Powers.  The  business  and affairs of the  Corporation
shall be under the  direction  of the board of  directors.  The  chairman  shall
preside at all meetings of the board of directors.

     SECTION 2. Number, Term and Election. The number of directors shall be such
number,  not less than one nor more than seven (exclusive of directors,  if any,
to be elected by holders of preferred  stock), as shall be provided from time to
time in a  resolution  adopted  by the  board  of  directors,  provided  that no
decrease in the number of directors shall have the effect of shortening the term
of any incumbent director, and provided further that no action shall be taken to
decrease or increase the number of  directors  from time to time unless at least
two-thirds  of the  directors  then in  office  shall  concur  in  said  action.
Exclusive of directors, if any, elected by holders of preferred stock, vacancies
in the board of directors, however caused, and newly created directorships shall
be filled by a vote of two-thirds of the  directors  then in office,  whether or
not a quorum,  and any director so chosen shall hold office for a term  expiring
at the annual stockholders'  meeting at which the term of the class to which the
director has been chosen  expires and when the  director's  successor is elected
and qualified. The board of directors shall be classified in accordance with the
provisions of Section 3 of this Article III.

     SECTION 3. Regular  Meetings.  A regular  meeting of the board of directors
shall be held at such time and place as shall be determined by resolution of the
board of directors without other notice than such resolution.

     SECTION 4. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the board of directors may
be called by or at the request of the chairman,  the chief executive  officer or
one-third of the directors. The person calling the special meetings of the board
of directors  may fix any place as the place for holding any special  meeting of
the board of directors called by such persons.

                                       4


     Members of the board of the directors may  participate in special  meetings
by means of telephone  conference or similar  communications  equipment by which
all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other. Such participation
shall constitute presence in person.

     SECTION 5. Notice.  Written notice of any special meeting shall be given to
each  director at least two days  previous  thereto  delivered  personally or by
telegram  or at least  seven  days  previous  thereto  delivered  by mail at the
address at which the director is most likely to be reached. Such notice shall be
deemed to be delivered  when  deposited in the United  States mail so addressed,
with  postage  thereon  prepaid  if mailed or when  delivered  to the  telegraph
company if sent by  telegram.  Any director may waive notice of any meeting by a
writing  filed with the  secretary.  The  attendance  of a director at a meeting
shall  constitute  a waiver of notice of such  meeting,  except where a director
attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any
business  because the meeting is not lawfully  called or  convened.  Neither the
business  to be  transacted  at, nor the purpose of, any meeting of the board of
directors need be specified in the notice or waiver of notice of such meeting.

     SECTION 6. Quorum. A majority of the number of directors fixed by Section 2
shall  constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the
board of directors,  but if less than such  majority is present at a meeting,  a
majority of the  directors  present  may adjourn the meeting  from time to time.
Notice of any adjourned  meeting shall be given in the same manner as prescribed
by Section 5 of this Article III.

     SECTION  7.  Manner of Acting.  The act of the  majority  of the  directors
present at a meeting at which a quorum is present  shall be the act of the board
of  directors,  unless a greater  number is  prescribed  by these  by-laws,  the
certificate of  incorporation,  or the General  Corporation  Law of the State of
Delaware.

     SECTION 8. Action Without a Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be
taken by the board of directors at a meeting may be taken without a meeting if a
consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by all of
the directors.

     SECTION 9.  Resignation.  Any  director may resign at any time by sending a
written notice of such resignation to the home office addressed to the chairman.
Unless  otherwise  specified  therein  such  resignation  shall take effect upon
receipt thereof by the chairman.

     SECTION 10.  Vacancies.  Any vacancy  occurring  on the board of  directors
shall  be  filled  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  the  Corporation's
certificate  of  incorporation.  Any  directorship  to be filled by reason of an
increase in the number of  directors  may be filled by the  affirmative  vote of
two-thirds of the directors  then in office or by election at an annual  meeting
or at a special meeting of the stockholders  held for that purpose.  The term of
such director shall be in accordance  with the  provisions of the  Corporation's
certificate of incorporation.

     SECTION 11.  Removal of  Directors.  Any  director  or the entire  board of
directors  may  be  removed  only  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of the
Corporation's certificate of incorporation.

                                       5


     SECTION 12. Compensation.  Directors, as such, may receive compensation for
service  on the board of  directors.  Members  of  either  standing  or  special
committees  may be  allowed  such  compensation  as the board of  directors  may
determine.

     SECTION  13.  Age  Limitation.  No  person 72 years or more of age shall be
eligible for election, reelection, appointment or reappointment to the board. No
director shall serve as such beyond the annual meeting immediately following the
director  becoming  72 years of age.  This age  limitation  does not apply to an
advisory director.

                                  ARTICLE IV

                     Committees of the Board of Directors

     The board of directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole
board,  designate one or more committees,  as they may determine to be necessary
or  appropriate  for the conduct of the business,  and may prescribe the duties,
constitution and procedures thereof. Each committee shall consist of one or more
directors  appointed by the  chairman.  The chairman may  designate  one or more
directors as alternate  members of any committee,  who may replace any absent or
disqualified member at any meeting of the committee.

     The chairman shall have power at any time to change the members of, to fill
vacancies  in, and to discharge  any  committee of the board.  Any member of any
such  committee  may  resign  at any time by giving  notice to the  Corporation;
provided,  however,  that notice to the board,  the  chairman of the board,  the
chief executive officer, the chairman of such committee,  or the secretary shall
be deemed to constitute  notice to the Corporation.  Such resignation shall take
effect upon receipt of such notice or at any later time specified therein;  and,
unless otherwise specified therein,  acceptance of such resignation shall not be
necessary to make it effective.  Any member of any such committee may be removed
at any time, either with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority
of the  authorized  number of  directors  at any meeting of the board called for
that purpose.

                                   ARTICLE V

                                   Officers

     SECTION 1. Positions. The officers shall be a chairman, a president, one or
more vice presidents, a secretary and a treasurer, each of whom shall be elected
by the board of directors. The board of directors may designate one or more vice
presidents as executive  vice president or senior vice  president.  The board of
directors may also elect or authorize the  appointment of such other officers as
the business may require.  The officers  shall have such  authority  and perform
such  duties  as the  board of  directors  may from  time to time  authorize  or
determine.  In the  absence of action by the board of  directors,  the  officers
shall  have such  powers  and duties as  generally  pertain to their  respective
offices.

                                       6


     SECTION 2.  Election  and Term of  Office.  The  officers  shall be elected
annually  by the  board  of  directors  at the  first  meeting  of the  board of
directors held after each annual meeting of the stockholders. If the election of
officers  is not  held at such  meeting,  such  election  shall  be held as soon
thereafter as possible. Each officer shall hold office until his successor shall
have been duly elected and  qualified,  until his death or until he shall resign
or shall have been  removed  in the manner  hereinafter  provided.  Election  or
appointment of an officer, employee or agent shall not of itself create contract
rights.  The board of directors may authorize the  Corporation  to enter into an
employment  contract with any officer in accordance  with state law; but no such
contract  shall impair the right of the board of directors to remove any officer
at any time in accordance with Section 3 of this Article V.

     SECTION 3. Removal. Any officer may be removed by vote of two-thirds of the
board of directors whenever, in its judgment,  the best interests will be served
thereby,  but such removal,  other than for cause, shall be without prejudice to
the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed.

     SECTION  4.   Vacancies.   A  vacancy  in  any  office  because  of  death,
resignation,  removal, disqualification or otherwise, may be filled by the board
of directors for the unexpired portion of the term.

     SECTION 5.  Remuneration.  The  remuneration of the officers shall be fixed
from time to time by the board of  directors,  and no officer shall be prevented
from receiving such salary by reason of the fact that he is also a director.

                                  ARTICLE VI

                     Contracts, Loans, Checks and Deposits

     SECTION 1. Contracts. To the extent permitted by applicable law, and except
as otherwise  prescribed by the  Corporation's  certificate of  incorporation or
these by-laws with respect to certificates for shares, the board of directors or
the executive committee may authorize any officer,  employee,  or agent to enter
into any  contract or execute and deliver any  instrument  in the name of and on
behalf. Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

     SECTION 2. Loans. No loans shall be contracted on behalf and no evidence of
indebtedness  shall be  issued  in its name  unless  authorized  by the board of
directors. Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances.

     SECTION 3. Checks,  Drafts, Etc. All checks, drafts or other orders for the
payment of money,  notes or other evidences of  indebtedness  issued in the name
shall be signed by one or more  officers,  employees  or agents in such  manner,
including  in  facsimile  form,  as shall  from  time to time be  determined  by
resolution of the board of directors.

     SECTION 4.  Deposits.  All funds not otherwise  employed shall be deposited
from time to time to the credit in any of its duly  authorized  depositories  as
the board of directors may select.

                                       7


                                  ARTICLE VII

                  Certificates for Shares and Their Transfer

     SECTION 1.  Certificates  for Shares.  The shares of capital stock shall be
represented by certificates  signed by the chairman of the board of directors or
the president or a vice president and by the treasurer or an assistant treasurer
or the secretary or an assistant secretary, and may be sealed with the seal or a
facsimile  thereof.  Any  or all of the  signatures  upon a  certificate  may be
facsimiles  if  the  certificate  is  countersigned  by  a  transfer  agent,  or
registered by a registrar,  other than the Corporation itself or an employee. If
any officer  who has signed or whose  facsimile  signature  has been placed upon
such certificate  shall have ceased to be such officer before the certificate is
issued,  it may be issued by the Corporation  with the same effect as if he were
such officer at the date of its issue.

     SECTION 2. Form of Share Certificates. All certificates representing shares
of capital stock shall set forth upon the face or back that the Corporation will
furnish to any  stockholder  upon request and without charge a full statement of
the designations, preferences, limitations, and relative rights of the shares of
each class  authorized to be issued,  the variations in the relative  rights and
preferences  between the shares of each such series so far as the same have been
fixed and  determined,  and the  authority  of the board of directors to fix and
determine the relative rights and preferences of subsequent series.

     Each  certificate  representing  shares shall state upon the face  thereof:
that the Corporation is organized  under the laws of the State of Delaware;  the
name of the  person  to whom  issued;  the  number  and  class  of  shares,  the
designation of the series,  if any, which such certificate  represents;  the par
value of each share  represented  by such  certificate,  or a statement that the
shares  are  without  par  value.  Other  matters  in  regard to the form of the
certificates shall be determined by the board of directors.

     SECTION 3. Payment for Shares. No certificate shall be issued for any share
of capital stock until such share is fully paid.

     SECTION 4. Form of Payment for Shares.  The  consideration for the issuance
of shares of capital  stock shall be paid in accordance  with the  provisions of
the certificate of incorporation.

     SECTION 5. Transfer of Shares. Transfer of shares of capital stock shall be
made only on the stock  transfer  books of the  Corporation.  Authority for such
transfer  shall be given  only to the  holder of record  thereof or by his legal
representative,  who shall furnish proper evidence of such authority,  or by his
attorney thereunto  authorized by power of attorney duly executed and filed with
the Corporation.  Such transfer shall be made only on surrender for cancellation
of the certificate  for such shares.  The person in whose name shares of capital
stock  stand on the books  shall be deemed  by the  Corporation  to be the owner
thereof for all purposes.

                                       8



     SECTION  6. Lost  Certificates.  The board of  directors  may  direct a new
certificate to be issued in place of any certificate  theretofore  issued by the
Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed,  upon the making of
an affidavit of that fact by the person  claiming the certificate of stock to be
lost,  stolen,  or destroyed.  When authorizing such issue of a new certificate,
the board of directors may, in its  discretion  and as a condition  precedent to
the  issuance  thereof,  require the owner of such lost,  stolen,  or  destroyed
certificate, or his legal representative, to give the Corporation a bond in such
sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the
Corporation with respect to the certificate  alleged to have been lost,  stolen,
or destroyed.

                                 ARTICLE VIII

                           Fiscal Year; Annual Audit

     The fiscal  year shall end on the last day of  December  of each year.  The
Corporation shall be subject to an annual audit as of the end of its fiscal year
by independent public  accountants  appointed by and responsible to the board of
directors.

                                  ARTICLE IX

                                   Dividends

     Dividends  upon  the  capital  stock,  subject  to  the  provisions  of the
certificate of incorporation,  if any, may be declared by the board of directors
at any regular or special directors' meeting,  pursuant to law. Dividends may be
paid in cash, in property or in stock.

                                   ARTICLE X

                               Corporation Seal

     The  corporate  seal shall be in such form as the board of directors  shall
prescribe.

                                  ARTICLE XI

                                  Amendments

     Pursuant  to  the  certificate  of  incorporation,  these  by-laws  may  be
repealed,  altered, amended or rescinded by the stockholders only by vote of not
less  than  three-quarters  of the  voting  power of the  outstanding  shares of
capital  stock   entitled  to  vote  generally  in  the  election  of  directors
(considered  for this  purpose as one  class)  cast at a  stockholders'  meeting
called  for  that  purpose  (provided  that  notice  of  such  proposed  repeal,
alteration,  amendment or rescission is included in the notice of such meeting).
In addition,  the board of directors may repeal,  alter,  amend or rescind these
by-laws by vote of  two-thirds of the board of directors at a legal meeting held
in accordance with the provisions of these by-laws.

                                       9


                                  ARTICLE XII

                  Indemnification of Directors and Officers

1.   INDEMNIFICATION. The corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a
     party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding, whether civil,
     criminal,  administrative  or investigative  (other than an action by or in
     the right of the  corporation) by reason of the fact that such person is or
     was a director,  trustee, officer, employee or agent of the corporation, or
     is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, trustee,
     officer,  employee  or agent of  another  corporation,  partnership,  joint
     venture, trust or other enterprise,  against expenses (including attorneys'
     fees),  judgments,  fines  and  amounts  paid in  settlement  actually  and
     reasonably  incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or
     proceeding  if such person  acted in good faith and in a manner such person
     reasonably  believed to be in or not opposed to the best  interests  of the
     corporation,  and with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no
     reasonable  cause to  believe  such  person's  conduct  was  unlawful.  The
     termination  of  any  action,  suit  or  proceeding  by  judgment,   order,
     settlement,   conviction,  or  upon  a  plea  of  nolo  contendere  or  its
     equivalent,  shall not, by itself, create a presumption that the person did
     not act in good faith and in a manner which the person reasonably  believed
     to be in or not opposed to the best interest of the  corporation,  and with
     respect to any  criminal  action or  proceeding,  had  reasonable  cause to
     believe that such person's conduct was lawful.

2.   DERIVATIVE ACTION. The corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is
     a party or is threatened to be made a party to any  threatened,  pending or
     completed action or suit by or in the right of the corporation to procure a
     judgment in the corporation's  favor by reason of the fact that such person
     is  or  was  a  director,  trustee,  officer,  employee  or  agent  of  the
     corporation,  or is or was serving at the request of the  corporation  as a
     director,  trustee,  officer,  employee or agent of any other  corporation,
     partnership,  joint venture,  trust or other  enterprise,  against expenses
     (including  attorneys'  fees),   judgments,   fines  and  amounts  paid  in
     settlement  actually and  reasonably  incurred by such person in connection
     with such action, suit or proceeding if such person acted in good faith and
     in a manner such person reasonably  believed to be in or not opposed to the
     best   interests   of  the   corporation;   provided,   however,   that  no
     indemnification  shall be made in respect of any claim,  issue or matter as
     to which  such  person  shall  have been  adjudged  to be liable  for gross
     negligence or willful  misconduct in the  performance of such person's duty
     to the  corporation  unless and only to the extent  that the court in which
     such action or suit was brought  shall  determine  upon  application  that,
     despite  circumstances  of the case,  such person is fairly and  reasonably
     entitled to  indemnity  for such  expenses as such court shall deem proper.
     The  termination  of any action,  suit or  proceeding  by judgment,  order,
     settlement,   conviction,  or  upon  a  plea  of  nolo  contendere  or  its
     equivalent,  shall not, by itself, create a presumption that the person did
     not act in good faith and in a manner which the person reasonably  believed
     to be in or not opposed to the best interest of the corporation.

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3.   SUCCESSFUL  DEFENSE.  To the  extent  that a  director,  trustee,  officer,
     employee or agent of the corporation has been successful,  on the merits or
     otherwise,  in  whole  or in  part,  in  defense  of any  action,  suit  or
     proceeding  referred to in  paragraphs 1 and 2 above,  or in defense of any
     claim,  issue or matter therein,  such person shall be indemnified  against
     expenses  (including  attorneys' fees) actually and reasonably  incurred by
     such person in connection therewith.

4.   AUTHORIZATION.  Any  indemnification  under paragraph 1 and 2 above (unless
     ordered by a court) shall be made by the corporation  only as authorized in
     the  specific  case  upon  a  determination  that  indemnification  of  the
     director,   trustee,   officer,   employee   or  agent  is  proper  in  the
     circumstances  because  such  person  has met the  applicable  standard  of
     conduct set forth in paragraph 1 and 2 above. Such  determination  shall be
     made  (a)  by the  board  of  directors  by a  majority  vote  of a  quorum
     consisting  of  directors  who were not  parties  to such  action,  suit or
     proceeding,  (b) by independent  legal counsel  (selected by one or more of
     the directors, whether or not a quorum and whether or not disinterested) in
     a  written  opinion,  or (c)  by the  stockholders.  Anyone  making  such a
     determination  under this  paragraph 4 may determine  that a person has met
     the  standards  therein set forth as to some claims,  issues or matters but
     not as to  others,  and  may  reasonably  prorate  amounts  to be  paid  as
     indemnification.

5.   ADVANCES.  Expenses incurred in defending civil or criminal actions,  suits
     or proceedings  shall be paid by the corporation,  at any time or from time
     to time in  advance  of the  final  disposition  of  such  action,  suit or
     proceeding as  authorized in the manner  provided in paragraph 4 above upon
     receipt  of an  undertaking  by or on  behalf  of  the  director,  trustee,
     officer,  employee or agent to repay such amount unless it shall ultimately
     be determined by the corporation that the payment of expenses is authorized
     in this Section.

6.   NONEXCLUSIVITY.  The indemnification  provided in this Section shall not be
     deemed  exclusive  of any other  rights to which those  indemnified  may be
     entitled  under  any  law,  by-law,  agreement,  vote  of  stockholders  or
     disinterested  director or  otherwise,  both as to action in such  person's
     official  capacity and as to action in another  capacity while holding such
     office,  and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director,
     trustee,  officer, employee or agent and shall insure to the benefit of the
     heirs, executors, and administrators of such a person.

7.   INSURANCE.  The  Corporation  shall have the power to purchase and maintain
     insurance  on  behalf  of any  person  who is or was a  director,  trustee,
     officer, employee or agent of the corporation,  or is or was serving at the
     request of the  corporation as a director,  trustee,  officer,  employee or
     agent  of any  corporation,  partnership,  joint  venture,  trust  or other
     enterprise,  against any liability assessed against such person in any such
     capacity or arising out of such person's status as such, whether or not the
     corporation  would have the power to  indemnify  such person  against  such
     liability.

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8.   "CORPORATION"  DEFINED.  For  purpose  of this  action,  references  to the
     "corporation"   shall  include,   in  addition  to  the  corporation,   any
     constituent  corporation  (including  any  constituent  of  a  constituent)
     absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate  existence had
     continued,  would  have  had the  power  and  authority  to  indemnify  its
     directors,  trustees, officers, employees or agents, so that any person who
     is or was a  director,  trustee,  officer,  employee  or  agent  of such of
     constituent  corporation  will  be  considered  as  if  such  person  was a
     director, trustee, officer, employee or agent of the corporation.



















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