EXHIBIT 10.20

[GRAPHIC OMITTED]

Susan B. Esler
Vice President, Human Resources and Communications

                                       Ashland Inc.
                                       50 E. RiverCenter Blvd.
                                       P.O. Box 391
                                       Covington, KY  41012-0391
                                       Tel: 859 815-3543, Fax: 859 815-3693


                                       October 26, 2006

Gary A. Cappeline
3608 Ocean Terrace
Lavallette, NJ  08735

Dear Gary:

     This  letter  ("Letter  Agreement")  is  intended  to  set  forth  the
understanding  between you and Ashland  Inc.  ("Ashland"),  regarding  your
continued employment with, and future severance from, Ashland.  This letter
supercedes  and  replaces  any and all  prior  agreements  between  you and
Ashland,  including your  Executive  Employment  Agreement,  concerning the
terms and  conditions  under which your  separation  from  employment  will
occur.

     You and  Ashland  agree  that,  except as  otherwise  provided  below,
effective  October  16,  2006  you will no  longer  serve  as  Senior  Vice
President of Ashland Inc. and  President & Chief  Operating  Officer of the
chemical  businesses.  However your active employment will continue through
your Release Date, which will occur on the earlier of i) the date you elect
to terminate your active employment in order to accept  employment  outside
Ashland;  or ii) March 31, 2007.  You and Ashland agree that it is intended
that you will  perform more than  insignificant  services as an employee of
Ashland until your Release Date.

     Ashland   agrees  that  during  the  remaining  term  of  your  active
employment,  your base  compensation  will remain  unchanged,  and you will
continue to be  eligible to  participate  in all  compensation  and benefit
programs offered to regular,  full-time  employees within your salary band;
provided  that  you  will  not be a  participant  in the FY 2007  Incentive
Compensation  Plan or the 2007-2009 Long Term Incentive  Plan, and you will
not receive a grant of Stock  Appreciation  Rights  during the remainder of
calendar  year 2006 or at any time  thereafter.  Your  unvested  restricted
stock, stock options and/or stock appreciation rights previously granted to
you by Ashland will continue to vest during this period.

     On your  Release  Date,  and  subject  to the  terms  of  this  Letter
Agreement, all unvested shares of restricted stock, stock options and stock
appreciation rights will become fully vested, and your options and/or stock
appreciation  rights will  thereafter be  exercisable  for their  remaining
terms.  Notwithstanding  the  preceding  sentence,  in the event and to the
extent the acceleration of any unvested shares of restricted  stock,  stock
options or stock appreciation rights


Gary A. Cappeline
October 26, 2006
Page 2 of 4

triggers the application of Section 409A of the Internal  Revenue Code, the
vesting of such  restricted  stock,  stock  options  or stock  appreciation
rights  will be  delayed  to the  earliest  date  necessary  to  avoid  the
application of Section 409A. Your employment will terminate at the close of
business on your Release  Date,  and you will then be eligible to retire on
the first day of the month following your Release Date.

     Subject to the terms of this Letter Agreement,  following your Release
Date  Ashland  will also offer to you a  Separation  Agreement  and General
Release  (the  "Separation  Agreement")  which will provide that six months
after your Release Date,  Ashland will make a lump sum severance payment to
you equal to 24 months of base pay,  using  your rate of base pay in effect
on your Release Date; plus interest  calculated  over the six-month  period
between your Release Date and the date of this payment,  at a rate equal to
Ashland's average three-month money market rate, compounded quarterly;  and
less all  applicable  tax  withholdings.  In  addition,  you  will  also be
eligible  to  receive  executive  level  outplacement  services  during the
12-month period following your Release Date.

     You understand and agree that the Separation  Agreement offered to you
will  contain a general  release of any and all claims you may have against
Ashland, and a two-year non-competition agreement.

     You further understand and agree that if, following your Release Date,
you refuse to sign the Separation Agreement within the time period provided
therein,  your employment will be deemed to have terminated on your Release
Date, and you will be entitled only to those benefits ordinarily  available
to  employees in payroll  classifications  similar to the one you are in at
the time your employment terminates. Without limiting the generality of the
preceding  sentence,  you  understand you will not be eligible for the lump
sum  severance  payment  or  the  executive  level  outplacement   services
discussed above.

     In order to  facilitate  and  encourage  your efforts to obtain future
employment,  Ashland  agrees that in the event you secure other  employment
prior to March 31, 2007, you may  discontinue  your employment with Ashland
upon  providing me with at least  10-days  advance  written  notice of your
intent to do so. In such  case you will  remain  eligible  to  receive  the
accelerated  vesting  of  restricted  stock,  stock  options  and/or  stock
appreciation  rights  on  your  Release  Date,  and  will  be  offered  the
Separation Agreement provided for above. In addition, Ashland will increase
the  amount  of  the  lump  sum  severance  payment  offered  to you in the
Separation  Agreement by an amount equal to the remaining base compensation
you would have  received  under  this  Letter  Agreement  in the event your
employment  had continued  through March 31, 2007,  less all applicable tax
withholdings.


Gary A. Cappeline
October 26, 2006
Page 3 of 4

     In addition from the date of this  Agreement  forward,  you agree that
you will not disparage  Ashland or its  employees at any time,  and Ashland
agrees that it will not disparage you at any time, and that, if any inquiry
is made concerning your employment,  no negative reference of any kind will
be made.

     However,  Ashland  will be relieved of any further  obligations  under
this Letter  Agreement,  and of any  obligation  to offer or  complete  the
Separation Agreement if any of the following should occur:

     (1) you elect to terminate your employment with Ashland prior to March
     31, 2007 without  providing at least  10-days  written  notice of your
     intent to do so;

     (2) Ashland terminates your employment for cause prior to your Release
     Date;  For the  purposes of this  letter,  termination  for cause will
     arise if you:  (a)  substantially  fail to perform  your  duties  with
     Ashland,  unless such failure is due to your incapacity as a result of
     physical or mental illness; or (b) you engage in willful misconduct or
     gross negligence in performing your duties.

     (3) you are  disabled  prior  to your  Release  Date,  and you  become
     eligible to receive payments under Ashland's long term disability plan
     at any time thereafter; or

     (4) in the event of your death prior to your Release  Date.  Provided,
     however,  that Ashland will not be relieved of any  obligations  under
     its employee  benefits plans,  including the SERP,  which arise due to
     your death.

     You  understand  and agree that in exchange for your  promises and the
releases  contained herein, you are receiving benefits to which you are not
otherwise  entitled,   and  that  said  benefits  are  just  and  equitable
compensation for your promises and releases.  You understand and agree that
this Letter  Agreement does not constitute  discrimination  on the basis of
your age,  and by signing  this  Letter  Agreement  you release any and all
claims  you may  have  against  Ashland  Inc.,  its  owners,  stockholders,
predecessors,  successors, assigns, agents, directors, officers, employees,
representatives,  attorneys, divisions,  subsidiaries,  affiliates, and all
persons  acting  by,  through,  under,  or in  concert  with  any  of  them
(collectively  "Releasees"),  jointly  and  individually,  from any and all
liability  arising  from the  formation,  terms and/or  conditions  of this
Letter Agreement  relating to discrimination on the basis of age, including
claims under


Gary A. Cappeline
October 26, 2006
Page 4 of 4

the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (the "ADEA"),  which is located at
29 United States Code, Sections 621 through 634.

     You  understand  and agree that you are  advised  to  consult  with an
attorney prior to signing this Letter Agreement. You further agree that you
have been given at least 21 days in which to consider  whether to sign this
Letter Agreement,  and an additional seven (7) days after the date on which
you sign this Letter Agreement in which to revoke this Letter Agreement.

     Revocation, to be effective, must be in writing and delivered to me at
the following address: Susan Esler, Vice President Human Resources, Ashland
Inc., 50 E. RiverCenter  Boulevard,  Covington,  Kentucky 41011,  either by
hand or mail within a seven (7) day period following your execution of this
General  Release.  You understand and agree that if delivered by mail, your
revocation must be:

     1. Postmarked within the seven (7) day period;
     2. Properly addressed as noted above; and
     3. Sent by Certified Mail, Return Receipt Requested.

     To evidence  your  acceptance of the  foregoing,  please sign and date
each  original  of this Letter  Agreement  in the space  provided  for your
signature,  and return one  original to me on or before  November 17, 2006.
Should you have any questions, please feel free to contact me.




                                       Sincerely yours,


                                       /s/ Susan B. Esler
                                       ------------------------
                                       Susan B. Esler



Agreed to and accepted
this 3rd day of November, 2006.


/s/ Gary A. Cappeline
- ----------------------------
Gary A. Cappeline


cc: Julie K. Hopkins