In the trial, adult patients with resectable early-stage (IIA-IIIB) NSCLC and no known epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements were treated with Imfinzi in combination with neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery and as adjuvant monotherapy after surgery. The discussion noted that while the contribution by phase of neoadjuvant and adjuvant components of the perioperative regimen could not be clearly assigned based on the trial design, this is an important potential regimen for patients.