SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2008
OR
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from: ________ to ________
Commission File Number 001-13937
ANTHRACITE CAPITAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | 13-3978906 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
40 East 52nd Street, New York, New York (Address of principal executive offices) | 10022 (Zip Code) |
(Registrant's telephone number including area code): (212) 810-3333
NOT APPLICABLE
(Former name, former address, and for new fiscal year; if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x No o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer þ | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer o |
Smaller reporting company o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No x |
At August 1, 2008, 73,918,326 shares of common stock ($0.001 par value per share) were outstanding.
1
ANTHRACITE CAPITAL, INC.
FORM 10-Q
INDEX
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION | Page | |||
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 4 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited) | ||||
At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 | 4 | |||
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) | ||||
For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 | 5 | |||
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) | ||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 | 6 | |||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) | ||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 and 2007 | 7 | |||
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 9 | |||
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and | |||
Results of Operations | 37 | |||
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 68 | ||
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 72 | ||
Part II - OTHER INFORMATION | ||||
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 73 | ||
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 73 | ||
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 73 | ||
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | |||
Item 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 73 | ||
Item 5. | Other Information | |||
Item 6. | Exhibits | 75 | ||
SIGNATURES | 76 |
2
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained herein constitute "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to future financial or business performance, strategies or expectations. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words or phrases such as “trend,” “opportunity,” “pipeline,” “believe,” “comfortable,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “current,” “intention,” “estimate,” “position,” “assume,” “potential,” “outlook,” “continue,” “remain,” “maintain,” “sustain,” “seek,” “achieve” and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may” or similar expressions. Anthracite Capital, Inc. (the “Company”) cautions that forward-looking statements are subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties, which change over time. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and the Company assumes no duty to and does not undertake to update forward-looking statements. Actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in forward-looking statements and future results could differ materially from historical performance.
In addition to factors previously disclosed in the Company’s SEC reports and those identified elsewhere in this report, the following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements or historical performance:
(1) the introduction, withdrawal, success and timing of business initiatives and strategies;
(2) changes in political, economic or industry conditions, the interest rate environment or financial and capital markets, which could result in changes in the value of the Company’s assets;
(3) the relative and absolute investment performance and operations of BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. (“BlackRock”), the Company’s Manager;
(4) the impact of increased competition;
(5) the impact of future acquisitions or divestitures;
(6) the unfavorable resolution of legal proceedings;
(7) the impact of legislative and regulatory actions and reforms and regulatory, supervisory or enforcement actions of government agencies relating to the Company or BlackRock;
(8) terrorist activities and international hostilities, which may adversely affect the general economy, domestic and global financial and capital markets, specific industries, and the Company;
(9) the ability of BlackRock to attract and retain highly talented professionals;
(10) fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; and
(11) the impact of changes to tax legislation and, generally, the tax position of the Company.
The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 and the Company’s subsequent reports filed with the SEC, accessible on the SEC's website at www.sec.gov, identify additional factors that can affect forward-looking statements.
3
Part I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
Anthracite Capital, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share data)
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||
ASSETS | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 38,684 | $ | 91,547 | |||||||||
Restricted cash equivalents | 15,807 | 32,105 | |||||||||||
Securities held-for-trading, at estimated fair value: | |||||||||||||
Subordinated commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) | $ | 797,327 | $ | 1,380 | |||||||||
Investment grade CMBS | 1,104,751 | 15,923 | |||||||||||
Residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”) | 973 | 901 | |||||||||||
Total securities held-for-trading | 1,903,051 | 18,204 | |||||||||||
Securities available-for-sale, at estimated fair value: | |||||||||||||
Subordinated CMBS | $ | - | 1,026,773 | ||||||||||
Investment grade CMBS | - | 1,230,075 | |||||||||||
RMBS | - | 9,282 | |||||||||||
Total securities available-for-sale | - | 2,266,130 | |||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loans (net of loan loss reserve of $25,000 in 2008) | 993,382 | 983,387 | |||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools, at amortized cost | 1,229,442 | 1,240,793 | |||||||||||
Equity investments | 138,310 | 108,748 | |||||||||||
Derivative instruments, at estimated fair value | 406,202 | 404,910 | |||||||||||
Other assets (includes $2,210 at estimated fair value in 2008) | 71,948 | 101,886 | |||||||||||
Total Assets | $ | 4,796,826 | $ | 5,247,710 | |||||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY | |||||||||||||
Liabilities: | |||||||||||||
Borrowings: | |||||||||||||
Secured by pledge of subordinated CMBS | $ | 233,251 | $ | 293,287 | |||||||||
Secured by pledge of investment grade CMBS | 146,495 | 207,829 | |||||||||||
Secured by pledge of commercial mortgage loans | 225,813 | 244,476 | |||||||||||
Collateralized debt obligations ("CDOs") (at estimated fair value in 2008) | 1,252,224 | 1,823,328 | |||||||||||
Senior unsecured notes (at estimated fair value in 2008) | 85,204 | 162,500 | |||||||||||
Senior convertible notes (at estimated fair value in 2008) | 71,160 | 80,000 | |||||||||||
Junior unsecured notes (at estimated fair value in 2008) | 35,611 | 73,103 | |||||||||||
Junior subordinated notes to subsidiary trusts issuing preferred securities (at estimated fair value in 2008) | 72,829 | 180,477 | |||||||||||
Secured by pledge of commercial mortgage loan pools | 1,211,909 | 1,225,223 | |||||||||||
Total borrowings | 3,334,496 | 4,290,223 | |||||||||||
Payable for investments purchased | - | 4,693 | |||||||||||
Distributions payable | 26,135 | 21,064 | |||||||||||
Derivative instruments, at estimated fair value | 433,850 | 442,114 | |||||||||||
Other liabilities | 39,936 | 38,245 | |||||||||||
Total Liabilities | 3,834,417 | 4,796,339 | |||||||||||
12% Series E-1 Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $23,375 | 23,289 | - | |||||||||||
12% Series E-2 Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $23,375 | 23,289 | - | |||||||||||
Stockholders’ Equity: | |||||||||||||
Preferred stock, 100,000,000 shares authorized; | |||||||||||||
9.375% Series C Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $57,500 | 55,435 | 55,435 | |||||||||||
8.25% Series D Preferred Stock, liquidation preference $86,250 | 83,259 | 83,259 | |||||||||||
Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share; 400,000,000 shares authorized; 73,309,064 shares issued and outstanding in 2008; 63,263,998 shares issued and outstanding in 2007 | 73 | 63 | |||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 762,843 | 691,071 | |||||||||||
Retained earnings (distributions in excess of earnings) | 11,654 | (122,738 | ) | ||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“OCI”) | 2,567 | (255,719 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Stockholders’ Equity | 915,831 | 451,371 | |||||||||||
Total Liabilities, Mezzanine and Stockholders’ Equity | $ | 4,796,826 | $ | 5,247,710 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4
Anthracite Capital, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
Income: | ||||||||||||||||
Interest from securities | $ | 50,604 | $ | 49,457 | $ | 102,874 | $ | 97,636 | ||||||||
Interest from commercial mortgage loans | 23,100 | 18,282 | 46,831 | 29,449 | ||||||||||||
Interest from commercial mortgage loan pools | 12,801 | 13,002 | 25,666 | 26,133 | ||||||||||||
Earnings (loss) from equity investments | (2,566 | ) | 12,413 | (557 | ) | 22,369 | ||||||||||
Interest from cash and cash equivalents | 918 | 939 | 1,982 | 1,863 | ||||||||||||
Total income | 84,857 | 94,093 | 176,796 | 177,450 | ||||||||||||
Expenses: | ||||||||||||||||
Interest | 50,683 | 60,085 | 107,536 | 115,924 | ||||||||||||
Management and incentive fees | 4,940 | 7,729 | 19,159 | 14,682 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative expense | 1,866 | 1,519 | 3,682 | 2,824 | ||||||||||||
Total expenses | 57,489 | 69,333 | 130,377 | 133,430 | ||||||||||||
Other gains (losses): | ||||||||||||||||
Realized gain (loss) on securities and swaps held-for-trading, net | (4,860 | ) | 388 | (9,835 | ) | 371 | ||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities held-for-trading | 44,453 | - | (325,327 | ) | - | |||||||||||
Unrealized gain on swaps classified as held-for-trading | 37,572 | - | 5,048 | - | ||||||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on liabilities | (72,061 | ) | 406,257 | |||||||||||||
Gain on sale of securities available-for-sale, net | - | 158 | - | 6,908 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan loss | - | - | (25,190 | ) | - | |||||||||||
Foreign currency gain (loss) | (2,145 | ) | 1,371 | (10,186 | ) | 2,855 | ||||||||||
Loss on impairment of assets | - | (2,900 | ) | - | (4,098 | ) | ||||||||||
Total other gains (losses) | 2,959 | (983 | ) | 40,767 | 6,036 | |||||||||||
Net income | 30,327 | 23,777 | 87,186 | 50,056 | ||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock | 5,083 | 3,127 | 8,209 | 5,403 | ||||||||||||
Net income available to common stockholders | 25,244 | $ | 20,650 | 78,977 | $ | 44,653 | ||||||||||
Net income per common share, basic: | $ | 0.36 | $ | 0.35 | $ | 1.19 | $ | 0.76 | ||||||||
Net income per common share, diluted: | $ | 0.34 | $ | 0.34 | $ | 1.09 | $ | 0.76 | ||||||||
Weighted average number of shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | 69,458,370 | 59,568,356 | 66,437,973 | 58,715,762 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 85,846,376 | 59,891,468 | 78,340,316 | 58,878,837 | ||||||||||||
Dividend declared per share of common stock | $ | 0.31 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.61 | $ | 0.59 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5
Anthracite Capital, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008
(in thousands)
Retained | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common | Series | Series | Earnings | Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock, | C | D | Additional | (Distributions | Other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
Par | Preferred | Preferred | Paid-In | in Excess | Comprehensive | Comprehensive | Stockholders' | ||||||||||||||||||
Value | Stock | Stock | Capital | of Earnings) | Income (Loss) | Income | Equity | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2008 | $ | 63 | $ | 55,435 | $ | 83,259 | $ | 691,071 | $ | (122,738 | ) | $ | (255,719 | ) | $ | 451,371 | |||||||||
Cumulative effect of adjustment from adoption of SFAS No. 159 | 97,578 | 253,045 | 350,623 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | 87,186 | $ | 87,186 | 87,186 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedges | (5,208 | ) | (5,208 | ) | (5,208 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Reclassification adjustments from cash flow hedges included in net income | 1,124 | 1,124 | 1,124 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation | 9,325 | 9,325 | 9,325 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | 5,241 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 92,427 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared-common stock | (42,163 | ) | (42,163 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends on preferred stock | (8,209 | ) | (8,209 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock | 10 | 71,772 | 71,782 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 | $ | 73 | $ | 55,435 | $ | 83,259 | $ | 762,843 | $ | 11,654 | $ | 2,567 | $ | 915,831 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6
Anthracite Capital, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
(in thousands)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 | For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 | ||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||
Net income | $ | 87,186 | $ | 50,056 | |||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||
Net decrease in trading securities | 3,450 | 132,870 | |||||
Purchase of securities held-for-trading | (53,515 | ) | |||||
Unrealized loss on securities held-for-trading | 321,885 | - | |||||
Unrealized gain on swaps classified as held-for-trading | (5,048 | ) | - | ||||
Realized loss on securities and swaps held-for-trading, net | 3,103 | (7,279 | ) | ||||
Unrealized gain on liabilities | (406,257 | ) | - | ||||
Earnings from subsidiary trust | (210 | ) | (209 | ) | |||
Distributions from subsidiary trust | 209 | 209 | |||||
Loss (earnings) from equity investments | 557 | (22,369 | ) | ||||
Distributions of earnings from equity investments | 1,904 | 8,878 | |||||
Provision for loan loss | 25,190 | - | |||||
Discount accretion, net | (7,470 | ) | (3,545 | ) | |||
Loss on impairment of assets | - | 4,098 | |||||
Unrealized net foreign currency gain | (8,850 | ) | (10,323 | ) | |||
Non-cash management and incentive fees | 8,502 | 2,893 | |||||
(Disbursements) proceeds from termination of interest rate swap agreements | (17,101 | ) | 7,412 | ||||
Amortization of terminated interest rate swaps from OCI | 1,124 | 763 | |||||
Increase in other assets | (7,530 | ) | (8,911 | ) | |||
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities | (1,473 | ) | 5,065 | ||||
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | (54,344 | ) | 159,608 | ||||
Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||
Purchase of securities | - | (215,210 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sale of securities | 74,272 | 50,335 | |||||
Principal payments received on securities | 54,425 | 42,659 | |||||
Funding of commercial mortgage loans | (2,286 | ) | (574,980 | ) | |||
Repayments received from commercial mortgage loans | 14,140 | 155,173 | |||||
Repayments received from commercial mortgage loan pools | 5,088 | 12,436 | |||||
Decrease in restricted cash equivalents | 16,298 | 40,548 | |||||
Investment in equity investments | (35,323 | ) | (25,209 | ) | |||
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | 126,614 | (514,248 | ) | ||||
Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||
(Decrease) increase in borrowings under reverse repurchase agreements and credit facilities: | |||||||
Secured by pledge of subordinated CMBS | (61,907 | ) | 98,677 | ||||
Secured by pledge of investment grade CMBS | (62,175 | ) | (39,753 | ) | |||
Secured by pledge of commercial mortgage loans | (21,570 | ) | 218,940 | ||||
Secured by pledge of securities held-for-trading | - | (127,249 | ) | ||||
Repayments of borrowings secured by commercial mortgage loan pools | (6,458 | ) | (12,849 | ) | |||
Repayments of collateralized debt obligations | (43,603 | ) | (29,447 | ) | |||
Issuance of collateralized debt obligations | - | 23,875 | |||||
Issuance costs for collateralized debt obligations | - | (1,518 | ) | ||||
Issuance of senior unsecured notes | - | 87,500 | |||||
Issuance costs of senior unsecured notes | - | (2,456 | ) | ||||
Issuance of junior unsecured notes | - | 67,528 | |||||
Issuance costs of junior unsecured notes | - | (2,113 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid on preferred stock | (6,885 | ) | (4,217 | ) | |||
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of offering costs | 69,866 | 83,267 | |||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of offering costs | 43,213 | 66,297 | |||||
Dividends paid on common stock | (38,416 | ) | (33,685 | ) | |||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (127,935 | ) | 392,797 | ||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 2,802 | 3,171 | |||||
Net increase, (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (52,863 | ) | 41,328 | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 91,547 | 66,388 | |||||
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | 38,684 | $ | 107,716 |
7
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2008 | For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2007 | ||||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||||||
Cash paid for interest | $ | 108,769 | $ | 109,355 | |||
Series E-3 preferred stock conversion | $ | 23,289 | - | ||||
Incentive fees paid by the issuance of common stock | $ | 5,280 | $ | 5,250 | |||
Investments purchased not settled | - | $ | 66,211 | ||||
Commercial mortgage loans purchased not settled | - | $ | 25,000 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
8
Anthracite Capital, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
Note 1 | ORGANIZATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Anthracite Capital, Inc., a Maryland corporation (collectively with its subsidiaries, the "Company"), was incorporated in Maryland in November 1997, commenced operations on March 24, 1998 and is organized as a real estate investment trust ("REIT"). The Company seeks to generate income from the spread between the interest income, gains and net operating income on its commercial real estate assets and the interest expense from borrowings to finance its investments. The Company's primary activities are investing in high yield commercial real estate debt and equity. The Company combines traditional real estate underwriting and capital markets expertise to maximize the opportunities arising from the continuing integration of these two disciplines. The Company focuses on acquiring pools of performing loans in the form of commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS"), issuing secured debt backed by CMBS and providing strategic capital for the commercial real estate industry in the form of mezzanine loan financing and equity.
The Company’s ongoing investment activities primarily encompass three core investment activities:
1) | Commercial Real Estate Securities |
2) | Commercial Real Estate Loans |
3) | Commercial Real Estate Equity |
The accompanying June 30, 2008 unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10, Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X for interim financial statements. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which include only normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations and changes in cash flows have been made. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the annual audited financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the statements of financial condition and revenues and expenses for the periods covered. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Significant estimates in the financial statements include the valuation of the Company’s assets and long-term liabilities, credit analysis related to certain of the Company's securities, and estimates pertaining to credit performance related to CMBS and commercial real estate loans.
Recent Accounting Developments
Fair Value Measurements
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, Fair Value Measurements ("FAS 157"). FAS 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. FAS 157 requires companies to disclose the fair value of their financial instruments according to a fair value hierarchy (i.e., levels 1, 2, and 3, as defined). Additionally, companies are required to provide enhanced disclosure regarding instruments in the level 3 category (which have inputs to the valuation techniques that are unobservable and require significant management judgment), including a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances separately for each major category of assets and liabilities. FAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and all interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company adopted FAS 157 as of January 1, 2008. FAS 157 did not materially affect how the Company determines fair value, but resulted in certain additional disclosures.
9
Fair Value Accounting
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities ("FAS 159"). FAS 159 permits entities to elect to measure eligible financial instruments at fair value. The unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected will be reported in earnings. The decision to elect the fair value option is determined on an instrument-by-instrument basis, is applied to an entire instrument and is irrevocable. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value pursuant to the fair value option will be reported separately on the consolidated statement of financial condition from those instruments measured using another measurement attribute. FAS 159 is effective as of the beginning of the first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. The Company adopted FAS 159 as of January 1, 2008 and elected to apply the fair value option to the following financial assets and liabilities existing at the time of adoption:
(1) | all securities which were previously accounted for as available-for-sale; |
(2) | investments in equity of subsidiary trusts; |
(3) | all unsecured long-term liabilities, consisting of all senior unsecured notes, senior convertible notes, junior unsecured notes and junior subordinated notes; and |
(4) | all CDO liabilities and related interest rate swaps. |
Upon adoption, with an adjustment to opening retained earnings, total stockholders' equity increased by $350,623, substantially all of which relates to applying the fair value option to the Company's long-term liabilities. The Company recorded all unamortized debt issuance costs relating to debt for which the Company elected the fair value option on January 1, 2008 as an adjustment to opening retained earnings. Subsequent to January 1, 2008, all changes in the estimated fair value of the Company's available-for-sale securities, CDO liabilities and related interest rate swaps, senior unsecured notes, senior convertible notes, junior unsecured notes and junior subordinated notes are recorded in earnings.
Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“FAS 161”). This statement amends and expands the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (“FAS 133”). This statement requires qualitative disclosures about objectives and strategies for using derivatives, quantitative disclosures about fair value amounts of gains and losses on derivative instruments, and disclosures about credit-risk-related contingent features in derivative agreements. FAS 161 will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2009. Management is currently evaluating the effects that FAS 161 will have on the disclosures included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
10
Reverse Repurchase Agreements
In February 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position ("FSP") FAS 140-3, Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets and Repurchase Financing Transactions ("FSP 140-3"). This FSP addresses the accounting for the transfer of financial assets and a subsequent repurchase financing and shall be effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008 and interim periods within those years. The FSP focuses on the circumstances that would permit a transferor and a transferee to separately evaluate the accounting for a transfer of a financial asset and a repurchase financing under SFAS No. 140, Accounting for Transfers and Securing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities (“FAS 140”).
This FSP states that a transfer of a financial asset and a repurchase agreement involving the transferred financial asset should be considered part of the same arrangement when the counterparties to the two transactions are the same unless certain criteria are met. The criteria in the FSP are intended to identify whether (1) there is a valid and distinct business or economic purpose for entering separately into the two transactions and (2) the repurchase financing does not result in the initial transferor regaining control over the previously transferred financial assets. The FASB has stated that this FSP's purpose is to limit diversity of practice in accounting for these situations, resulting in more consistent financial reporting. This FSP shall be applied prospectively to initial transfers and repurchase financings for which the initial transfer is executed on or after the beginning of the fiscal year in which this FSP is initially applied.
Currently, the Company records such assets and the related financing gross on its consolidated statement of financial condition, and the corresponding interest income and interest expense gross on its consolidated statement of operations. However, in a transaction in which securities are acquired from and financed under a repurchase agreement with the same counterparty, the acquisition may not qualify as a sale under the provisions of FAS 140. In such cases, the seller may be required to continue to consolidate the assets sold to the Company, based on their continuing involvement with such investments. The Company has not completed its evaluation of the impact of this FSP, but the Company may be precluded from presenting the assets gross on the Company's consolidated statement of financial condition and may be instead required to treat the Company's net investment in such assets as a derivative. If it is determined that these transactions should be treated as derivatives, the derivative instruments entered into by the Company to hedge the Company's interest rate exposure with respect to the borrowings under the associated repurchase agreements may no longer qualify for hedge accounting, and would then, as with the underlying asset transactions, also be marked to market through the consolidated statement of operations. This potential change in accounting treatment does not affect the economics of the transactions but does affect how the transactions would be reported on the Company's consolidated financial statements. The Company's cash flows, liquidity and ability to pay a dividend would be unchanged, and the Company does not believe its REIT taxable income or REIT status would be affected. The Company believes stockholders' equity would not be materially affected. At June 30, 2008, the Company has identified securities held-for-trading with a fair value of approximately $126,005 which had been purchased from and financed with reverse repurchase agreements totaling approximately $116,642 with the same counterparty since their purchase. If the Company were required to change the current accounting treatment for these transactions at June 30, 2008 to that required by this FSP, total assets and total liabilities would be reduced by approximately $116,642.
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Investment Companies
In June 2007, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants ("AICPA") issued Statement of Position ("SOP") 07-1, Clarification of the Scope of the Audit and Accounting Guide Investment Companies and Accounting by Parent Companies and Equity Method Investors for Investments in Investment Companies. This SOP provides guidance for determining whether an entity is within the scope of the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide- Investment Companies (the "Guide"). Entities that are within the scope of the Guide are required, among other things, to carry their investments at fair value, with changes in fair value included in earnings. On February 14, 2008, the FASB decided to indefinitely defer the effective date of this SOP.
Variable Interest Entities
The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, which are wholly owned or controlled by the Company or entities which are variable interest entities (“VIE”) in which the Company is the primary beneficiary under FASB Interpretation No. 46 (revised), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (“FIN 46R”). FIN 46R requires a VIE to be consolidated by its primary beneficiary. The primary beneficiary is the party that absorbs the majority of the VIE's anticipated losses and/or the majority of the expected returns. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
The Company considers the CMBS where it maintains the right to control the foreclosure/workout process on the underlying loans as controlling class CMBS ("Controlling Class"). The Company has analyzed the governing pooling and servicing agreements for each of its Controlling Class CMBS and believes that the terms are industry standard and are consistent with the qualifying special-purpose entity ("QSPE") criteria. As a result, the Company does not consolidate these entities.
In April 2008, the FASB voted to eliminate QSPEs from the guidance in SFAS 140 and to remove the scope exception for QSPEs from FIN 46R. This will require that VIEs previously accounted for as QSPEs to be analyzed for consolidation according to FIN 46R. The FASB also proposed that an entity review VIEs at each reporting period to reconsider whether an entity is a VIE and to determine the primary beneficiary. While the revised standards have not been finalized and the Board’s proposals will be subject to a public comment period, this change may affect the Company’s consolidated financial statements as the Company may be required to consolidate entities that had previously been determined to qualify as QSPEs. The FASB proposed that the amendments to SFAS 140 and FIN 46R be effective for new and existing transactions for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2009. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of these changes on its consolidated financial statements once these changes to current GAAP become finalized.
Convertible Debt Instruments
In May 2008, FSP APB 14-1, Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement) (“FSP APB 14-1”) was issued. FSP APB 14-1 applies to convertible debt instruments that, by their stated terms, may be settled in cash (or other assets) upon conversion, including partial cash settlement of the conversion option. FSP APB 14-1 requires bifurcation of the instrument into a debt component that is initially recorded at fair value and an equity component. The difference between the fair value of the debt component and the initial proceeds from issuance of the instrument is recorded as a component of equity. The liability component of the debt instrument is accreted to par using the effective yield method; accretion is reported as a component of interest expense. The equity component is not subsequently re-valued as long as it continues to qualify for equity treatment under EITF Issue No. 00-19, Accounting for Derivative Financial Instruments Indexed to, and Potentially Settled in, a Company’s Own Stock. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2008. Early adoption is not permitted. The FSP is to be applied retrospectively to all past periods presented — even if the instrument has matured, converted, or otherwise been extinguished as of the FSP’s effective date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting FSP APB 14-1 on the consolidated financial statements.
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Note 2 | NET INCOME PER SHARE |
Net income per share is computed in accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share. Basic income per share is calculated by dividing net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted income per share is calculated using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period plus the additional dilutive effect of common stock equivalents. The dilutive effect of outstanding stock options is calculated using the treasury stock method, and the dilutive effect of convertible senior notes and cumulative convertible redeemable preferred stock is calculated using the "if converted" method.
For the Three Months Ended June 30, | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Numerator: | |||||||||||||
Numerator for basic earnings per share | $ | 25,244 | $ | 20,650 | $ | 78,977 | $ | 44,653 | |||||
Interest expense on convertible senior notes | 2,370 | - | 4,683 | - | |||||||||
Dividends on Series E convertible stock | 1,929 | - | 1,929 | - | |||||||||
Numerator for diluted earnings per share | $ | 29,543 | $ | 20,650 | $ | 85,589 | $ | 44,653 | |||||
Denominator: | |||||||||||||
Denominator for basic earnings per share— weighted average common shares outstanding | 69,458,370 | 59,568,356 | 66,437,973 | 58,715,762 | |||||||||
Dilutive effect of stock options | - | 2,480 | - | 2,760 | |||||||||
Assumed conversion of convertible senior notes | 7,416,680 | - | 7,416,680 | - | |||||||||
Assumed conversion of Series E convertible preferred stock | 8,604,781 | - | 4,302,390 | - | |||||||||
Dilutive effect of stock based incentive fee | 366,545 | 320,632 | 183,273 | 160,315 | |||||||||
Denominator for diluted earnings per share—weighted average common shares outstanding and common stock equivalents outstanding | 85,846,376 | 59,891,468 | 78,340,316 | 58,878,837 | |||||||||
Basic net income per weighted average common share: | $ | 0.36 | $ | 0.35 | $ | 1.19 | $ | 0.76 | |||||
Diluted net income per weighted average common share and common share equivalents: | $ | 0.34 | $ | 0.34 | $ | 1.09 | $ | 0.76 |
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Total anti-dilutive stock options excluded from the calculation of net income per share were 10,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008. Total anti-dilutive stock options excluded from the calculation of net income per share were 1,380,151 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007.
Note 3 | FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES |
The Company adopted FAS 157 as of January 1, 2008, which requires, among other things, enhanced disclosures about financial instruments that are measured and reported at fair value. Financial instruments include the Company’s securities classified as held-for-trading, long-term liabilities as well as derivatives accounted for at fair value.
The degree of judgment utilized in measuring the fair value of financial instruments generally correlates to the level of pricing observability. Pricing observability is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, whether the financial instrument is new to the market and not yet established and the characteristics specific to the transaction. Financial instruments with readily available active quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of pricing observability and a lesser degree of judgment utilized in measuring fair value. Conversely, financial instruments rarely traded or not quoted will generally have less, or no, pricing observability and a higher degree of judgment utilized in measuring fair value.
FAS 157 establishes a hierarchal disclosure framework associated with the level of pricing observability utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Instruments are categorized based on the lowest level input that is significant to the valuation. The three broad levels defined by the FAS 157 hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1 - Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the reporting date. Level 1 assets include highly liquid cash instruments with quoted prices such as agency securities, listed equities and money market securities, as well as listed derivative instruments.
Level 2 - Pricing inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 assets include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities that are not active; and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, such as models or other valuation methodologies. Instruments which are generally included in this category are corporate bonds and loans, mortgage whole loans, municipal bonds and OTC derivatives. The Company has determined that the following instruments are Level 2: interest rate swaps, currency swaps and foreign currency forward commitments.
Level 3 - Instruments that have little to no pricing observability as of the reported date. These financial instruments do not have two-way markets and are measured using management’s best estimate of fair value, where the inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Instruments in this category generally include assets and liabilities for which there is little, if any, current market activity. The Company’s investments in this category include investment grade CMBS, subordinated CMBS and all of the Company’s long-term liabilities. The fair values of certain assets are determined by references to index pricing. However, for certain assets, index prices for identical or similar assets are not available. In these cases, management uses broker quotes as being indicative of fair values. Management also uses broker quotes for CDO liabilities. Broker quotes are only indicative of fair value, and do not necessarily represent what the Company would receive in an actual trade for the applicable instrument. The Company has classified these assets and liabilities as Level 3 as of June 30, 2008 due to the lack of current market activity. The Company believes that it may be appropriate to transfer these assets and liabilities to Level 2 in subsequent periods if market activity returns to normalized levels and observable inputs become available.
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The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the investment.
The following table summarizes the valuation of our financial instruments by the above FAS 157 pricing observability levels as of June 30, 2008. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are categorized below based upon the lowest level of significant input to the valuations.
Assets at Fair Value as of June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||
Subordinated CMBS | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 797,327 | $ | 797,327 | |||||
Investment grade CMBS | - | - | 1,104,751 | 1,104,751 | |||||||||
RMBS | - | - | 973 | 973 | |||||||||
Derivative instruments | - | 406,202 | - | 406,202 | |||||||||
Investments in equity of subsidiary trusts* | - | - | 2,210 | 2,210 | |||||||||
Total | $ | - | $ | 406,202 | $ | 1,905,261 | $ | 2,311,463 |
* Included as a component of other assets on the consolidated statements of financial condition.
Liabilities at Fair Value as of June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Total | ||||||||||
Senior unsecured notes | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 85,204 | $ | 85,204 | |||||
Senior convertible notes | - | - | 71,160 | 71,160 | |||||||||
Junior unsecured notes | - | - | 35,611 | 35,611 | |||||||||
Junior subordinated notes | - | - | 72,829 | 72,829 | |||||||||
CDOs | - | - | 1,252,224 | 1,252,224 | |||||||||
Derivative instruments | - | 433,850 | - | 433,850 | |||||||||
Total | $ | - | $ | 433,850 | $ | 1,517,028 | $ | 1,950,878 |
The following table presents the changes in Level 3 assets for the three months ended June 30, 2008:
Subordinated CMBS | Investment grade CMBS | RMBS | Junior Subordinated Notes | ||||||||||
Balance at April 1, 2008 | $ | 808,510 | $ | 1,072,749 | $ | 1,009 | $ | 2,093 | |||||
Net purchases (sales) | (1,870 | ) | (14,480 | ) | (59 | ) | - | ||||||
Net transfers in (out) | - | - | - | - | |||||||||
Gains (losses) included in earnings | (8,573 | ) | 45,885 | 23 | 117 | ||||||||
Gains included in OCI (1) | (740 | ) | 597 | - | - | ||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 | $ | 797,327 | $ | 1,104,751 | $ | 973 | $ | 2,210 | |||||
Amount of total gains (losses) for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at June 30, 2008 (2) | $ | (7,376 | ) | $ | 47,519 | $ | 23 | $ | 117 | ||||
Amount of total gains (losses) for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at June 30, 2008 (3) | $ | (1,197 | ) | $ | (1,634 | ) | $ | - | $ | - |
(1) | The Company has a foreign subsidiary that has the Euro as its functional currency. Gains (losses) in OCI represent the currency translation adjustments for this subsidiary. |
(2) | Recorded in “unrealized loss on securities-held-for trading” in the consolidated statement of operations. |
(3) | Recorded in “foreign currency gain (loss)” in the consolidated statement of operations. |
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The following table presents the changes in Level 3 assets for the six months ended June 30, 2008:
Subordinated CMBS | Investment grade CMBS | RMBS | Junior Subordinated Notes | ||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2008 | $ | 1,028,153 | $ | 1,245,998 | $ | 10,183 | $ | 3,135 | |||||
Net purchases (sales) | 954 | (68,321 | ) | (9,282 | ) | - | |||||||
Net transfers in (out) | - | - | - | - | |||||||||
Gains (losses) included in earnings | (239,508 | ) | (76,253 | ) | 72 | (925 | ) | ||||||
Gains included in OCI (1) | 7,728 | 3,327 | - | - | |||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 | $ | 797,327 | $ | 1,104,751 | $ | 973 | $ | 2,210 | |||||
Amount of total gains (losses) for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at June 30, 2008 (2) | $ | (245,381 | ) | $ | (79,549 | ) | $ | 72 | $ | (925 | ) | ||
Amount of total gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to assets still held at June 30, 2008 (3) | $ | 5,873 | $ | 3,296 | $ | - | $ | - |
(1) | The Company has a foreign subsidiary that has the Euro as its functional currency. Gains (losses) in OCI represent the currency translation adjustments for this subsidiary. |
(2) | Recorded in “unrealized loss on securities-held-for trading” in the consolidated statement of operations. |
(3) | Recorded in “foreign currency gain (loss)” in the consolidated statement of operations. |
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The following table presents the changes in Level 3 liabilities for the three months ended June 30, 2008:
CDOs | Senior unsecured notes | Senior convertible notes | Junior unsecured notes | Trust preferred | ||||||||||||
Balance at April 1, 2008 | $ | 1,216,289 | $ | 80,864 | $ | 67,696 | $ | 34,122 | $ | 68,986 | ||||||
Paydowns | (20,168 | ) | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Net transfers in (out) | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||
Gains included in earnings | 58,475 | 4,340 | 3,464 | 1,489 | 3,843 | |||||||||||
Losses included in OCI (1) | (2,372 | ) | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 | 1,252,224 | 85,204 | 71,160 | 35,611 | 72,829 | |||||||||||
Amount of total gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains relating to liabilities still held at June 30, 2008 (2) | 58,475 | 4,340 | 3,464 | 1,939 | 3,843 | |||||||||||
Amount of total gains (losses) for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to liabilities still held at June 30, 2008 (3) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | (450 | ) | $ | - |
(1) | The Company has a foreign subsidiary that has the Euro as its functional currency. Gains (losses) in OCI represent the currency translation adjustments for this subsidiary. |
(2) | Recorded in “unrealized gain on liabilities” in the consolidated statement of operations. |
(3) | Recorded in “foreign currency gain (loss)” in the consolidated statement of operations. |
The following table presents the changes in Level 3 liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2008:
CDOs | Senior unsecured notes | Senior convertible notes | Junior unsecured notes | Trust preferred | ||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2008 | $ | 1,598,502 | $ | 114,473 | $ | 70,186 | $ | 44,833 | $ | 103,312 | ||||||
Paydowns | (43,603 | ) | - | - | - | - | ||||||||||
Net transfers in (out) | - | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||
Gains included in earnings | (332,582 | ) | (29,269 | ) | 974 | (9,222 | ) | (30,483 | ) | |||||||
Losses included in OCI (1) | 29,907 | - | - | - | - | |||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 | 1,252,224 | 85,204 | 71,160 | 35,611 | 72,829 | |||||||||||
Amount of total gains (losses) for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to liabilities still held at June 30, 2008 (2) | (332,582 | ) | (29,269 | ) | 974 | (14,897 | ) | (30,483 | ) | |||||||
Amount of total gains for the period included in earnings attributable to the change in unrealized gains or losses relating to liabilities still held at June 30, 2008 (3) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 5,675 | $ | - |
(1) | The Company has a foreign subsidiary that has the Euro as its functional currency. Gains (losses) in OCI represent the currency translation adjustments for this subsidiary. |
(2) | Recorded in “unrealized gain on liabilities” in the consolidated statement of operations. |
(3) | Recorded in “foreign currency gain (loss)” in the consolidated statement of operations. |
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Assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis
Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, meaning that the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments only in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment). The following table presents the asset carried on the consolidated statement of financial condition by caption and by level within the FAS 157 valuation hierarchy as of June 30, 2008, for which a nonrecurring change in fair value has been recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2008:
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Carrying Value | ||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan(1) | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | $ | - | |||||
Total assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis | - | - | - | - |
(1) | The Company recorded a provision for loan loss in the amount of $25,190 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. This provision relates to one loan with a principal balance of $25,000 and accrued interest of $190. This charge resulted in one loan that was identified as impaired and for which the fair value was zero at June 30, 2008. |
Fair Value Option
On January 1, 2008, the Company adopted FAS 159 which provides an option to elect fair value as an alternative measurement for selected financial assets or liabilities not previously recorded at fair value. The fair value option was elected for these assets and liabilities to align the measurement attributes of both the assets and liabilities while mitigating volatility in earnings from using different measurement attributes.
The following table presents information about the eligible instruments for which the Company elected the fair value option and for which a transition adjustment was recorded as of January 1, 2008:
Carrying Value at January 1, 2008 | Transition Adjustment to Retained Earnings (Distributions in Excess of Earnings) | Carrying Value at January 1, 2008 (After Adoption of FAS 159) | ||||||||
Securities held-for-trading (1) | $ | 2,284,334 | $ | (227,635 | ) | $ | 2,284,334 | |||
CDO interest rate swaps (1) | (25,410 | ) | (25,410 | ) | (25,410 | ) | ||||
Liability issuance costs | 35,137 | (35,137 | ) | - | ||||||
Senior unsecured notes | (162,500 | ) | 48,027 | (114,473 | ) | |||||
Senior convertible notes | (80,000 | ) | 9,814 | (70,186 | ) | |||||
Junior unsecured notes | (73,103 | ) | 28,269 | (44,834 | ) | |||||
Investments in equity of subsidiary trusts | 5,477 | (2,342 | ) | 3,135 | ||||||
Junior subordinated notes | (180,477 | ) | 77,165 | (103,312 | ) | |||||
CDOs | (1,823,328 | ) | 224,827 | (1,598,501 | ) | |||||
Cumulative effect of the adoption of the fair value option | $ | 97,578 |
(1) Prior to January 1, 2008, the Company’s CDO interest rate swaps and the majority of the Company’s securities were classified as available-for-sale and carried at fair value. Accordingly, the election of the fair value option for these swaps and securities did not change their carrying value and resulted in a reclassification from OCI to opening distributions in excess of earnings.
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Valuation
Provided below is a summary of the valuation techniques employed with respect to financial instruments measured at fair value utilizing methodologies other than quoted prices in active markets:
Investments in mortgage backed securities and derivative instruments - The fair value of these assets is determined by reference to index pricing and market prices provided by certain dealers who make a market in these financial instruments, although such markets may not be active. Broker quotes are only indicative of fair value, and do not necessarily represent what the Company would receive in an actual trade for the applicable instrument. The Company performs additional analysis on prices received based on broker quotes. This process includes analyzing the securities based on vintage year, rating and asset type and converting the price received to a spread. The calculated spread is then compared to market information available for securities of similar type, vintage year and rating. The Company utilizes this process to validate the prices received from brokers and adjustments are made as deemed necessary by management to capture current market information.
Collateralized debt obligations - The fair value of these liabilities are based on market prices provided by certain dealers who make a market in this sector, although such markets may be inactive. The dealers use models that considered, among other things, (i) anticipated cash flows (ii) current market credit spreads, (iii) known and anticipated credit issues of underlying collateral (iv) term and reinvestment period and (v) market transactions of similar bonds. The Company performs additional analysis on prices received from the brokers. This process includes analyzing the securities based on vintage year, rating and asset type and converting the price received to a spread. The calculated spread is then compared to market information available for securities of similar type, vintage year and rating and adjustments are made as deemed necessary by management to capture current market information.
Senior convertible notes - The Company used the mid-point of a bid/ask price obtained from a dealer in this market. The bid/ask price represented the price the counterparty was willing to transact at on the measurement date of June 30, 2008 understanding that it is an over the counter market that requires direct communication with the counterparty to execute the transaction. The counterparty utilizes a model to publish such price and consideration into such model include, among other things (i) anticipated cash flows, (ii) current market credit spreads and (iii) market transactions of similar bonds.
Senior and junior unsecured notes and trust preferred securities - The estimated fair values of these liabilities were developed based on the price obtained by the Company for the senior convertible notes. The senior convertible notes are senior to the unsecured and trust preferred securities. The Company priced the senior convertible bond without the conversion option to obtain a straight bond price, converted that price to a spread to swaps and then applied an additional spread to account for the fact that these liabilities were junior to those notes. The Company was able to compare the change in implied spreads for these bonds to published spreads for CMBS securities which was deemed to be a reasonable comparison for these liabilities.
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Note 4 | SECURITIES HELD-FOR TRADING |
Upon adoption of FAS 159 as of January 1, 2008, the Company elected the fair value option for all of its securities that were previously classified as available-for-sale. As a result, all securities are now classified as held-for-trading. This reclassification adjustment did not result in a change to the Company’s intent as it relates to these securities. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, $44,453 and $(325,327) were recorded as unrealized gain (loss) on the securities and is included in gain (loss) on securities held-for-trading on the consolidated statement of operations. The estimated fair value of securities held-for-trading at June 30, 2008 is summarized as follows:
Security Description | Estimated Fair Value | |||
U.S. Dollar Denominated: | ||||
CMBS: | ||||
Investment grade CMBS | $ | 694,844 | ||
Non-investment grade rated subordinated CMBS | 456,261 | |||
Non-rated subordinated CMBS | 85,804 | |||
CMBS interest only securities (“IOs”) | 4,427 | |||
Credit tenant leases | 23,030 | |||
Investment grade REIT debt | 205,846 | |||
Multifamily agency securities | 357 | |||
CDO investments - investment grade | 2,840 | |||
CDO investments - non-investment grade | 32,733 | |||
Total CMBS | 1,506,142 | |||
RMBS: | ||||
Residential CMOs | 555 | |||
Hybrid adjustable rate mortgages (“ARMs”) | 418 | |||
Total RMBS | 973 | |||
Total U.S. dollar denominated | 1,507,115 | |||
Non-U.S. Dollar Denominated: | ||||
Investment grade CMBS | 173,407 | |||
Non-investment grade rated subordinated CMBS | 193,271 | |||
Non-rated subordinated CMBS | 29,258 | |||
Total non-U.S. dollar denominated | 395,936 | |||
Total securities held-for-trading | $ | 1,903,051 |
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At June 30, 2008, an aggregate of $1,847,589 in estimated fair value of the Company's securities held-for-trading was pledged to secure its collateralized borrowings.
The CMBS held by the Company consist of subordinated securities collateralized by adjustable and fixed rate commercial and multifamily mortgage loans. The CMBS provide credit support to the more senior classes of the related commercial securitization. The Company generally does not own the senior classes of its below investment grade CMBS. Cash flows from the mortgages underlying the CMBS generally are allocated first to the senior classes, with the most senior class having a priority entitlement to cash flow. Then, any remaining cash flow is allocated generally among the other CMBS classes in order of their relative seniority. To the extent there are defaults and unrecoverable losses on the underlying mortgages, resulting in reduced cash flows, the most subordinated CMBS class will bear this loss first. To the extent there are losses in excess of the most subordinated class' stated entitlement to principal and interest, the remaining CMBS classes will bear such losses in order of their relative subordination.
At June 30, 2008, the anticipated reported yield based upon the adjusted cost of the Company's entire subordinated CMBS portfolio was 10.00% per annum. The anticipated reported yield of the Company's investment grade securities was 6.9%. The Company's anticipated yields to maturity on its subordinated CMBS and other securities are based upon a number of assumptions that are subject to certain business and economic uncertainties and contingencies. Examples of these uncertainties include, among other things, the rate and timing of principal payments (including prepayments, repurchases, defaults, liquidations, and related expenses), the pass-through or coupon rate, and interest rate fluctuations. Additional factors that may affect the Company's anticipated yields to maturity on its Controlling Class CMBS include interest payment shortfalls due to delinquencies on the underlying mortgage loans, and the timing and magnitude of credit losses on the mortgage loans underlying the Controlling Class CMBS that are a result of the general condition of the real estate market (including competition for tenants and their related credit quality), and changes in market rental rates. As these uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may alter these assumptions, no assurance can be given that the anticipated yields to maturity, discussed above and elsewhere in this report, will be achieved.
Note 5 | COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE LOANS |
The following table summarizes the Company’s commercial real estate loan portfolio by property type at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007:
Loan Outstanding | Weighted | ||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | Average Yield | |||||||||||||||||
Property Type | Amount | % | Amount | % | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
U.S. | |||||||||||||||||||
Retail | $ | 52,437 | 5.30 | % | $ | 52,209 | 5.3 | % | 9.6 | % | 9.6 | % | |||||||
Office | 45,549 | 4.6 | 45,640 | 4.6 | 10.3 | 10.3 | |||||||||||||
Multifamily | 175,301 | 17.6 | 174,873 | 17.8 | 9.9 | 9.7 | |||||||||||||
Storage | 32,159 | 3.2 | 32,307 | 3.3 | 9.1 | 9.1 | |||||||||||||
Land(1) | - | - | 25,000 | 2.5 | - | 9.6 | |||||||||||||
Hotel | 12,302 | 1.2 | 12,208 | 1.2 | 10.4 | 10.9 | |||||||||||||
Other Mixed Use | 3,994 | 0.4 | 3,983 | 0.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | |||||||||||||
Total U.S. | 321,742 | 32.4 | 346,220 | 35.2 | 9.8 | 9.7 | |||||||||||||
Non-U.S. | |||||||||||||||||||
Retail | 293,915 | 29.6 | 278,669 | 28.3 | 8.7 | 8.9 | |||||||||||||
Office | 255,904 | 25.8 | 238,691 | 24.3 | 8.4 | 8.8 | |||||||||||||
Multifamily | 44,139 | 4.4 | 41,403 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 8.6 | |||||||||||||
Storage | 51,352 | 5.2 | 51,272 | 5.2 | 9.2 | 9.5 | |||||||||||||
Industrial | 17,202 | 1.7 | 17,274 | 1.8 | 10.3 | 10.6 | |||||||||||||
Hotel | 4,175 | 0.4 | 5,016 | 0.5 | 10.0 | 10.1 | |||||||||||||
Other Mixed Use | 4,953 | 0.5 | 4,842 | 0.5 | 9.0 | 9.0 | |||||||||||||
Total Non-U.S. | 671,640 | 67.6 | 637,167 | 64.8 | 8.7 | 8.9 | |||||||||||||
Total | $ | 993,382 | 100.00 | % | $ | 983,387 | 100.00 | % | 9.00 | % | 9.20 | % |
(1) | Net of a loan loss reserve of $25,000 at June 30, 2008. |
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As of June 30, 2008, the Company’s loans had the following maturity characteristics:
Year of maturity | Number of loans maturing | Current carrying value | % of total | |||||||
2008 | 1 | 35,921 | 3.6 | % | ||||||
2009 | - | - | 0.0 | % | ||||||
2010 | 3 | 24,783 | 2.5 | % | ||||||
2011 | 15 | 304,444 | 30.6 | % | ||||||
2012 | 18 | 264,058 | 26.6 | % | ||||||
Thereafter | 23 | 364,176 | 36.7 | % | ||||||
Total | 60 | 993,382 | 100.0 | % |
Activity for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was as follows:
Book Value | ||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 | $ | 983,387 | ||
Investments in commercial mortgage loans | 2,286 | |||
Proceeds from repayment of mortgage loans | (14,140 | ) | ||
Provision for loan loss | (25,000 | ) | ||
Foreign currency | 42,863 | |||
Discount accretion, net | 3,986 | |||
Balance at June 30, 2008 | $ | 993,382 |
The Company recorded a provision for loan losses of $25,190 for the six months ended June 30, 2008. This provision relates to one loan with a principal balance of $25,000 and accrued interest of $190. The loan is in default and due to the reduction in value of the underlying collateral below the principal balance of the loan, the Company believes the collectibility of the loan is not probable.
Changes in the reserve for possible loan losses were as follows:
Provision for possible loan losses, December 31, 2007 | $ | - | ||
Provision for loan losses | 25,190 | |||
Reserve for possible loan losses, June 30, 2008 | $ | 25,190 |
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Subsequent to June 30, 2008, one of the Company’s mezzanine loans with a carrying value of $35,921 defaulted. The borrower executed a standstill agreement which is being extended to allow time to conclude an extension agreement. As of June 30, 2008, the Company concluded that a loan loss reserve is not necessary.
Note 6 | COMMERCIAL MORTGAGE LOAN POOLS |
During the second quarter of 2004, the Company acquired subordinated CMBS in a trust representing a Controlling Class interest. The Company obtained a greater degree of influence over the disposition of the commercial mortgage loans than is typically granted to the special servicer. As a result of this expanded influence, the trust was not a QSPE and FIN 46R required the Company to consolidate the assets, liabilities and results of operations of the trust.
Approximately 45% of the par amount of the commercial mortgage loan pool is comprised of investment grade loans and the remaining 55% are unrated. For income recognition purposes, the Company considers investment grade and unrated commercial mortgage loans in the pool as single assets reflecting the credit assumptions made in establishing loss adjusted yields for Controlling Class securities. The Company has taken into account the credit quality of the underlying loans in formulating its loss assumptions.
Over the life of the commercial mortgage loan pools, the Company reviews and updates its loss assumptions to determine the impact on expected cash flows to be collected. A decrease in estimated cash flows will reduce the amount of interest income recognized in future periods and would result in an impairment charge recorded on the consolidated statement of operations. An increase in estimated cash flows will increase the amount of interest income recorded in future periods.
Note 7 | IMPAIRMENTS - CMBS |
The Company updates its estimated cash flows for securities subject to Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets (“EITF 99-20”), on a quarterly basis. Prior to the adoption of FAS 159, an impairment charge was required under EITF 99-20 if the updated yield was lower than the current accrual yield and the security had a market value less than its adjusted purchase price. The Company carries these securities at their estimated fair value on its consolidated statements of financial condition.
For the six months ended June 30, 2007, changes in timing of assumed credit loss and prepayments on three CMBS required an impairment charge totaling $2,777. Also, the Company increased its underlying loss expectations for one below investment grade European CMBS during the six months ended June 30, 2007, resulting in an additional impairment charge of $1,321.
As a result of the adoption of FAS 159 on January 1, 2008, the Company will no longer assess securities elected under the fair value option for other-than-temporary impairment because the changes in fair value are recorded in the statement of operations rather than as an adjustment to OCI in stockholders’ equity.
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Note 8 | EQUITY INVESTMENTS |
The following table is a summary of the Company’s equity investments for the six months ended June 30, 2008:
Carbon I | Carbon II | Dynamic India Fund IV * | AHR JV | AHR Int’l JV | Total | ||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 | $ | 1,636 | $ | 97,762 | $ | 9,350 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 108,748 | |||||||
Contributions to investments | - | - | - | 1,137 | 30,886 | 32,023 | |||||||||||||
Equity earnings | 75 | (600 | ) | - | (48 | ) | 16 | (557 | ) | ||||||||||
Distributions of earnings | - | (1,904 | ) | - | - | - | (1,904 | ) | |||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2008 | $ | 1,711 | $ | 95,258 | $ | 9,350 | $ | 1,089 | $ | 30,902 | $ | 138,310 |
* The Company neither controls nor has significant influence over the Dynamic India Fund IV and accounts for this investment using the cost method of accounting. The Company invested $3,300 in the Dynamic India Fund IV in the fourth quarter of 2007 that did not settle until the first quarter of 2008.
At June 30, 2008, the Company owned approximately 20% of Carbon Capital, Inc. (“Carbon I”). The Company also owned approximately 26% of Carbon Capital II, Inc. (“Carbon II”, and collectively with Carbon I, the “Carbon Capital Funds”). The Carbon Capital Funds are private commercial real estate income opportunity funds managed by the Manager (see Note 12 of the consolidated financial statements).
The Company entered into a $50,000 commitment on July 20, 2001 to acquire shares of Carbon I. On July 12, 2005, the investment period expired and Carbon I is in liquidation.
The Company entered into an aggregate commitment of $100,000 to acquire shares of Carbon II. The final obligation to fund capital of $13,346 was called on July 13, 2007.
As of June 30, 2008 Carbon II has three assets located in Florida that are in various stages of resolution. The properties consist of one hotel and two multifamily properties. Carbon II took title to one of the multifamily properties during 2007. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, Carbon II increased its loan loss reserves for two loans by $911. At June 30, 2008 the total loan loss reserve for these loans is $4,242. For the property owned, Carbon II recognized an impairment charge of $5,181 during 2007.
During the first quarter of 2008, a $17,700 loan secured by four Class-A office buildings in Manhattan totaling three million square feet of space defaulted at maturity in February 2008. The loan has been restructured, modified and extended. However, Carbon II established a loan loss reserve of $17,700 during the second quarter of 2008 based upon management's assessment of the probability of recovery.
During the second quarter of 2008, a $30,000 first leasehold mortgage on a 43.9 acre tract of land in Las Vegas, zoned for commercial use, went into default. Carbon II is engaged in workout discussions, and other alternatives are being explored. Carbon II believes a loan loss reserve is not necessary at June 30, 2008. All other commercial real estate loans in Carbon II are performing as expected.
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On December 22, 2005, the Company entered into an $11,000 commitment to indirectly acquire shares of Dynamic India Fund IV. At June 30, 2008, the Company’s capital committed was $11,000, of which $9,350 had been drawn.
The Company will invest up to $5,000, for up to a 10% interest, in Anthracite JV LLC (“AHR JV”). AHR JV will invest in U.S. CMBS rated higher than BB. As of June 30, 2008, the Company had invested $1,137 in AHR JV. The other member in AHR JV is managed by or otherwise associated with an affiliate of Credit Suisse.
On June 26, 2008, the Company invested $30,886 in RECP Anthracite International JV Limited (“AHR International JV”). AHR International JV will invest in investments backed by non-U.S. real estate assets. The Company will invest on a deal-by-deal basis and has no committed capital obligation. The Company is utilizing the joint venture structure to increase its capacity to invest in larger and more diverse transactions given the current market’s elevated level of risk. The other shareholder in AHR International JV is managed by or otherwise associated with an affiliate of Credit Suisse.
Note 9 | BORROWINGS |
The Company's borrowings consist of reverse repurchase agreements, credit facilities, CDOs, senior unsecured notes, senior convertible debt, junior unsecured notes, trust preferred securities, and commercial mortgage loan pools.
Certain information with respect to the Company's borrowings at June 30, 2008 is summarized as follows:
Borrowing Type | Market Value | Adjusted Issuance Price | Weighted Average Borrowing Rate | Weighted Average Remaining Maturity | Estimated Fair Value of Assets Pledged | |||||||||||
Credit facilities (1) | $ | 610,317 | $ | 610,317 | 4.92 | % | 323 days | $ | 858,382 | |||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools | 1,207,151 | 1,207,151 | 4.00 | % | 4.42 years | 1,229,442 | ||||||||||
CDOs (2) | 1,252,224 | 1,810,258 | 5.71 | % | 5.13 years | 1,854,758 | ||||||||||
Senior unsecured notes (2) | 85,204 | 162,500 | 7.59 | % | 8.82 years | |||||||||||
Junior unsecured notes (2) | 35,611 | 78,777 | 6.56 | % | 13.84 years | |||||||||||
Senior convertible notes (2) | 71,160 | 80,000 | 11.75 | % | 19.18 years | |||||||||||
Junior subordinated notes (2) | 72,829 | 180,477 | 7.64 | % | 27.61 years | |||||||||||
Total Borrowings | $ | 3,334,496 | $ | 4,129,480 | 5.39 | % | 5.86 years | $ | 3,942,582 |
(1) | Includes $4,758 of borrowings under facilities related to commercial mortgage loan pools. |
(2) | As a result of the adoption of FAS 159 on January 1, 2008, the Company records the above liabilities at fair value. Changes in fair value are recorded in unrealized gain (loss) on liabilities on the consolidated statement of operations. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, $406,257 was recorded as a result of a reduction in the fair value of such liabilities. |
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At June 30, 2008, the Company's borrowings had the following remaining maturities, at amortized cost:
Borrowing Type | Within 30 days | 31 to 59 days | 60 days to less than 1 year | 1 year to 3 years | 3 years to 5 years | Over 5 years | Total | |||||||||||||||
Credit facilities | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 439,474 | $ | 170,843 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 610,317 | ||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools(1) | - | 2,120 | 343,333 | 103,903 | 40,119 | 717,676 | 1,207,151 | |||||||||||||||
CDOs(1) | 397 | 694 | 45,144 | 172,900 | 736,650 | 854,473 | 1,810,258 | |||||||||||||||
Senior unsecured notes | - | - | - | - | - | 162,500 | 162,500 | |||||||||||||||
Junior unsecured notes | - | - | - | - | - | 78,777 | 78,777 | |||||||||||||||
Senior convertible notes | - | - | - | - | - | 80,000 | 80,000 | |||||||||||||||
Junior subordinated notes | - | - | - | - | - | 180,477 | 180,477 | |||||||||||||||
Total Borrowings | $ | 397 | $ | 2,814 | $ | 827,951 | $ | 447,646 | $ | 776,769 | $ | 2,073,903 | $ | 4,129,480 |
(1) | Commercial mortgage loan pools and CDOs are non-recourse borrowings and payments for these borrowings are supported solely by the cash flows from the assets in these structures. |
Reverse Repurchase Agreements and Credit Facilities
The Company has entered into reverse repurchase agreements to finance most of its securities that are not financed under its credit facilities or CDOs. The reverse repurchase agreements bear interest at a LIBOR-based variable rate.
Under the credit facilities and the reverse repurchase agreements, the respective lender retains the right to mark the underlying collateral to estimated fair value. A reduction in the value of pledged assets would require the Company to provide additional collateral or fund margin calls. From time to time, the Company may be required to provide additional collateral or fund margin calls. See “Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” for a discussion of the Company’s exposure to potential margin calls.
The Company’s credit facilities can be used to replace existing reverse repurchase agreement borrowings and to finance the acquisition of mortgage-backed securities and commercial real estate loans. Outstanding borrowings bear interest at a variable rate. The following table summarizes the Company’s credit facilities at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007:
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Maturity Date | Facility Amount | Total Borrowings | Unused Borrowing Capacity | Facility Amount | Total Borrowings | Unused Borrowing Capacity | ||||||||||||||||
Bank of America, N.A. (1)(7) | 9/18/09 | $ | 275,000 | $ | 170,843 | $ | 104,157 | $ | 275,000 | $ | 211,088 | $ | 63,912 | |||||||||
Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch (2)(6) | 12/20/08 | 200,000 | 110,104 | 89,896 | 200,000 | 174,186 | 25,814 | |||||||||||||||
Bank of America, N.A.(3)(8) | 9/17/08 | 100,000 | 80,529 | 19,471 | 100,000 | 87,706 | 12,294 | |||||||||||||||
Morgan Stanley Bank (3)(4) | 2/07/09 | 300,000 | 248,841 | 51,159 | 300,000 | 198,621 | 101,379 | |||||||||||||||
BlackRock HoldCo 2, Inc. (1)(5) | 3/06/09 | 60,000 | - | 60,000 | - | - | - | |||||||||||||||
$ | 935,000 | $ | 610,317 | $ | 324,683 | $ | 875,000 | $ | 671,601 | $ | 203,399 |
(1) | USD only |
(2) | Multicurrency (USD and Non- USD) |
(3) | Non-USD only |
(4) | Can be increased by an additional $15,000 based on the change in exchange rates of the non-U.S. dollar loans. However, any amounts drawn under this provision must be repaid in ninety days. |
(5) | Repaid in full on April 8, 2008; $30,000 borrowed on July 28, 2008 |
(6) | Renewed on July 8, 2008 until July 8, 2010, see details below. |
(7) | Renewed on August 7, 2008 until September 18, 2010, see details below. |
(8) | Renewed on August 7, 2008 until September 18, 2010, see details below. |
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The Company is subject to financial covenants in its credit facilities. For the quarter ended June 30, 2008, the Company is not aware of any instances of non-compliance with these covenants.
On December 28, 2007, the Company received a waiver from its compliance with the tangible net worth covenant at December 31, 2007 from Bank of America, N.A., the lender under a $100,000 multicurrency secured credit facility. Without the waiver, the Company would have been required to maintain tangible net worth of at least $520,416 at December 31, 2007 pursuant to the covenant. On January 25, 2008, this lender agreed to amend the covenant so that the Company would be required to maintain tangible net worth at the end of each fiscal quarter of not less than the sum of (i) $400,000 plus (ii) an amount equal to 75% of any equity proceeds received by the Company on or after July 20, 2007.
On February 15, 2008, Morgan Stanley Bank extended its $300,000 non-USD facility until February 7, 2009. In connection with the extension, certain financial covenants were added or modified so that: (i) the Company is required to have a minimum debt service coverage ratio (as defined in the related guaranty) of 1.4 to 1.0 for any calendar quarter, (ii) on any date, the Company's tangible net worth shall not decline 20% or more from its tangible net worth as of the last business day in the third month preceding such date, (iii) on any date, the Company's tangible net worth shall not decline 40% or more from its tangible net worth as of the last business day in the twelfth month preceding such date, (iv) on any date, the Company's tangible net worth shall not be less than the sum of $400,000 plus 75% of any equity offering proceeds received from and after February 15, 2008, (v) at all times, the ratio of the Company's total indebtedness to tangible net worth shall not be greater than 3:1, (vi) on any date the Company's liquid assets (as defined in the related guaranty) shall not at any time be less than 5% of its mark-to-market indebtedness (mark-to-market indebtedness is defined under the related guaranty generally to mean short-term liabilities that have a margin call feature) and (vii) cumulative income cannot be less than one dollar for two consecutive quarters.
On July 8, 2008, Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch, extended its multicurrency repurchase agreement until July 8, 2010. In connection with the extension, certain financial covenants were added or modified to conform to the covenants in the Morgan Stanley Bank facility described above. In addition, the Company separately agreed with Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch, that to the extent the Company from time to time agrees to covenants that are more restrictive than those in the Deutsche Bank agreement, the covenants in the Deutsche Bank agreement will automatically be deemed to be modified to match the restrictions in such more restrictive covenants, subject to limited exceptions. The amended agreement also provides that the Company’s failure (1) to procure an extension of any of its existing facilities with Bank of America, N.A. and Morgan Stanley Bank as of the 15th day before the maturity date of such facility or (2) to demonstrate to the satisfaction of Deutsche Bank that it is negotiating a bona fide commitment to extend or replace such facility as of the 30th day before the maturity date, would constitute an event of default under such agreement; however, any such failure would not be deemed to constitute an event of default if the Company demonstrates to the satisfaction of Deutsche Bank that it has sufficient liquid assets, as defined under such agreement, to pay down such the multicurrency repurchase agreement when due. At the time of the extension, total borrowings outstanding under the Deutsche Bank agreement were $110,104. Under the terms of the extension agreements, no additional borrowings are permitted under the facility. In addition, monthly amortization payments of approximately $2,000 per month are required under the facility.
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On August 7, 2008, Bank of America, N.A. extended its USD and non-USD facilities until September 18, 2010. In connection with the extension, certain financial covenants were added or modified to conform to more restrictive covenants contained in other credit facilities. Also in connection with the extension, the Company is required to make (i) amortization payments totaling $31,000 on various dates through September 30, 2008 and (ii) monthly payments of $2,250 commencing October 15, 2008 until March 15, 2010 under the non-USD facility and $2,250 per month commencing April 15, 2010 and ending at maturity under the USD facility.
On February 29, 2008, the Company entered into a binding loan commitment letter (the "Commitment Letter") with BlackRock HoldCo 2, Inc. ("HoldCo 2"), pursuant to the terms of which HoldCo 2 or its affiliates (together, the "Lender") committed to provide a revolving credit loan facility (the "Facility") to the Company for general working capital purposes. HoldCo 2 is a wholly-owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc., the parent of BlackRock Financial Management, Inc., the Manager of the Company.
On March 7, 2008, the Company and HoldCo 2 entered into the Facility. The Facility has a term of 364 days with two 364-day extension periods, subject to the Lender's approval. The Facility is collateralized by a pledge of equity shares that the Company holds in Carbon II. The principal amount of the Facility is the lesser of $60,000 or a number determined in accordance with a borrowing base calculation equal to 60% of the value of the shares of Carbon II that are pledged to secure the Facility.
The facility bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.5%. The fee letter, dated February 29, 2008, between the Company and HoldCo 2, sets forth certain terms with respect to fees.
Amounts borrowed under the Facility may be repaid and reborrowed from time to time. The Company, however, has agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain other financing to replace the Facility and reduce the outstanding balance.
The terms of the Facility give the Lender the option to purchase from the Company the shares of Carbon II that serve as collateral for the Facility, up to the Facility commitment amount, at a price equal to the fair market value (as determined by the terms of the credit agreement) of those shares, unless the Company elects to prepay outstanding loans under the Facility in an amount equal to the Lender's desired share purchase amount and reduce the Facility's commitment amount accordingly, which may require termination of the Facility. If any loans are outstanding at the time of such purchase, the share purchase amount shall be reduced by the amount, and applied towards the repayment of all outstanding loans (and the reduction of the Facility's commitment amount) in the same manner as if the Company had prepaid such loans, and the balance of the share purchase amount available after such repayment, if any, shall be paid to the Company.
On April 8, 2008, the Company repaid $52,500 to HoldCo 2, representing all then-outstanding borrowings under the facility. On July 28, 2008, the Company reborrowed $30,000 under the facility.
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Note 10 | CONVERTIBLE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK |
On April 4, 2008, the Company issued $70,125 of 12% Series E-1 Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock, 12% Series E-2 Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock and 12% Series E-3 Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock (collectively, the “Series E Preferred Stock”). Net proceeds to the Company were $69,866. Dividends are payable on the Series E Preferred Stock at a 12% coupon and the holder has the right to convert the preferred stock into common stock at $7.49 per share (a 12% premium to the closing price of the Company's common stock on March 28, 2008, the pricing date).
Holders of the Series E-1 and E-2 preferred stock have the right to require the Company to repurchase their shares for cash equal to the liquidation preference per share. The Series E-1 preferred stock repurchase date is April 4, 2012 and the Series E-2 repurchase date is April 4, 2013.
On June 20, 2008, the holder of the outstanding 12% Series E-3 Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock exercised its right to convert its shares into 3,119,661 shares of common stock.
The holder is a subsidiary of a fund managed by an affiliate of Credit Suisse.
Note 11 | COMMON STOCK |
The following table summarizes Common Stock issued by the Company for the six months ended June 30, 2008, net of offering costs:
Shares | Net Proceeds | ||||||
Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan | 89,301 | $ | 675 | ||||
Sales agency agreement | 2,601,338 | 19,253 | |||||
Incentive fees* | 424,425 | 3,163 | |||||
Incentive fee - stock based* | 316,320 | 2,116 | |||||
Series E-3 preferred stock conversion | 3,119,661 | 23,289 | |||||
Private transaction (see details below) | 3,494,021 | 23,286 | |||||
Total | 10,045,066 | $ | 71,782 |
*See Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements, Transactions with the Manager and Certain Other Parties, for a further description of the Company’s Management Agreement.
In conjunction with the Company’s issuance of the Series E Preferred Stock on April 4, 2008, the Company also issued 3,494,021 shares of Common Stock, for $6.69 per share, resulting in net proceeds of $23,286.
On March 12, 2008, the Company declared dividends to its common stockholders of $0.30 per share, payable on April 30, 2008 to stockholders of record on March 30, 2008. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the dividends are expected to be ordinary income to the Company’s stockholders.
On May 15, 2008, the Company declared dividends to its common stockholders of $0.31 per share, payable on July 31, 2008 to stockholders of record on June 30, 2008. For U.S. federal income tax purposes, the dividends are expected to be ordinary income to the Company’s stockholders.
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Note 12 | TRANSACTIONS WITH THE MANAGER AND CERTAIN OTHER PARTIES |
The Company has a Management Agreement, an administrative services agreement and an accounting services agreement with the Manager, the employer of certain directors and all of the officers of the Company, under which the Manager and the Company’s officers manage the Company’s day-to-day investment operations, subject to the direction and oversight of the Company’s Board of Directors. Pursuant to the Management Agreement and these other agreements, the Manager and the Company’s officers formulate investment strategies, arrange for the acquisition of assets, arrange for financing, monitor the performance of the Company’s assets and provide certain other advisory, administrative and managerial services in connection with the operations of the Company.
On March 31, 2008, the Company’s unaffiliated directors approved an amended investment advisory agreement with the Manager. The amended Management Agreement will expire on March 31, 2009, unless extended. For the full one-year term of the renewed contract, the Manager has agreed to receive 100% of the management fees and any incentive fee in the Company's Common Stock. The stock issued to the Manager under this plan will be restricted from sale until six months after it is received.
Other significant changes pursuant to the amended Management Agreement include a reduction in the quarterly base management fee from 0.50% of stockholders' equity to 0.375% for the first $400 million in average total stockholders' equity; 0.3125% for the next $400 million of average total stockholders' equity and 0.25% for the average total stockholders' equity in excess of $800 million. Under the terms of the prior Management Agreement, the Company paid the Manager a base management fee equal to 0.5% of the quarterly average total stockholders’ equity for the applicable quarter. The amended Management Agreement continues to provide that the Company will grant the Manager Common Stock equal to one-half of one percent (0.5%) of the total number of shares of the Company's Common Stock outstanding as of a specified date in the fourth quarter of each year.
The amended Management Agreement also provides for the Manager to receive a quarterly incentive fee equal to 25% of the amount by which the applicable quarter’s Operating Earnings (as defined in the Management Agreement) of the Company (before incentive fee) plus realized gains, net foreign currency gains and decreases in expense associated with reversals of credit impairments on commercial mortgage loans; less realized losses, net foreign currency losses and increases in expense associated with credit impairments on commercial mortgage loans exceeds the weighted average issue price per share of the Company's Common Stock ($11.21 per common share at June 30, 2008) multiplied by the ten-year Treasury note rate plus 4.0% per annum (expressed as a quarterly percentage), multiplied by the weighted average number of shares of the Company's Common Stock outstanding during the applicable quarterly period. The Management Agreement continues to provide that the incentive fee payable to the Manager shall be subject to a rolling four-quarter high watermark.
Under the terms of the prior Management Agreement, the Manager was entitled to receive an incentive fee equal to 25% of the amount by which the rolling four-quarter GAAP net income before the incentive fee exceeds the greater of 8.5% or 400 basis points over the ten-year Treasury note multiplied by the adjusted per share issue price of the Company’s Common Stock. Additionally, up to 30% of the incentive fees earned in 2007 or after were paid in shares of the Company’s Common Stock subject to certain provisions under a compensatory deferred stock plan approved by the stockholders of the Company in 2007. The Board of Directors also authorized a stock-based incentive plan where one-half of one percent of common shares outstanding as of December 31st is paid to the Manager.
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The following is a summary of management and incentive fees incurred for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
For the Three Months Ended June 30, | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Management fee | $ | 2,961 | $ | 3,868 | $ | 6,236 | $ | 7,388 | |||||
Incentive fee | 1,334 | 2,922 | 11,879 | 5,646 | |||||||||
Incentive fee - stock based | 645 | 939 | 1,044 | 1,648 | |||||||||
Total management and incentive fees | $ | 4,940 | $ | 7,729 | $ | 19,159 | $ | 14,682 |
At June 30, 2008 and 2007, management and incentive fees of $14,182 and $7,308, respectively, remain payable to the Manager and are included on the accompanying consolidated statement of financial condition as a component of other liabilities. In accordance with the provisions of the Management Agreement, the Company recorded reimbursements to the Manager of $125 and $250 for certain expenses incurred on behalf of the Company during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and $117 and $235 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, respectively.
The Company also has administration and accounting services agreements with the Manager. Under the terms of the administration services agreement, the Manager provides financial reporting, audit coordination and accounting oversight services to the Company. Under the terms of the accounting services agreement, the Manager provides investment accounting services to the Company. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company recorded administration and investment accounting service fees of $255 and $510, respectively, which are included in general and administrative expense on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, the Company recorded administration and investment accounting service fees of $363 and $140, respectively, which are included in general and administrative expense on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
The special servicer on 33 of the Company's 39 Controlling Class trusts is Midland Loan Services, Inc. ("Midland"), a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. (“PNC Bank”), and therefore a related party of the Manager. The Company's fees for Midland’s services are at market rates.
On March 7, 2008, the Company entered into a $60,000 credit facility with a subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock, Inc. is the parent of the Company’s manager, BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. The facility has a term of 364 days with two 364-day extension periods, subject to lender approval. The facility is collateralized by a pledge of the Company’s investment in Carbon II and gives the lender the option to purchase the Carbon II investment at fair market value (as determined by the terms of the agreement) from the Company. On April 8, 2008, the Company repaid $52,500 to HoldCo 2, representing all then-outstanding borrowings under the facility. On July 28, 2008, the Company reborrowed $30,000 under the facility.
During 2001, the Company entered into a $50,000 commitment to acquire shares of Carbon I, a private commercial real estate income opportunity fund managed by the Manager. The Company’s investment in Carbon I at June 30, 2008 was $1,711. The Company does not incur any additional management or incentive fees to the Manager related to its investment in Carbon I. At June 30, 2008, the Company owned approximately 20% of the outstanding shares of Carbon I.
31
The Company entered into an aggregate commitment of $100,000 to acquire shares of Carbon II, a private commercial real estate income opportunity fund managed by the Manager. The Company’s investment in Carbon II at June 30, 2008 was $95,258. The Company does not incur any additional management or incentive fees to the Manager related to its investment in Carbon II. On June 30, 2008, the Company owned approximately 26% of the outstanding shares of Carbon II.
During 2000, the Company completed the acquisition of CORE Cap, Inc. At the time of the CORE Cap, Inc. acquisition, the Manager agreed to pay GMAC (CORE Cap, Inc.’s external advisor) $12,500 over a ten-year period (“Installment Payment”) to purchase the right to manage the Core Cap, Inc. assets under the existing management contract (“GMAC Contract”). The GMAC Contract had to be terminated in order to allow the Company to complete the merger, as the Company’s management agreement with the Manager did not provide for multiple managers. As a result the Manager offered to buy out the GMAC Contract as the Manager estimated it would receive incremental fees above and beyond the Installment Payment, and thus was willing to pay for, and separately negotiate, the termination of the GMAC Contract. Accordingly, the value of the Installment Payment was not considered in the Company’s allocation of its purchase price to the net assets acquired in the acquisition of CORE Cap, Inc. The Company agreed that should the Management Agreement with its Manager be terminated, not renewed or not extended for any reason other than for cause, the Company would pay to the Manager an amount equal to the Installment Payment less the sum of all payments made by the Manager to GMAC. At June 30, 2008, the Installment Payment would be $2,000 payable over two years. The Company is not required to accrue for this contingent liability because it is not probable.
Note 13 | DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES |
The Company accounts for its derivative investments under FAS 133, which establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts and for hedging activities. All derivatives, whether designated in hedging relationships or not, are required to be recorded in the consolidated statement of financial condition at estimated fair value. If the derivative is designated as a cash flow hedge, the effective portions of change in the estimated fair value of the derivative are recorded in OCI and are recognized in the consolidated statement of operations when the hedged item affects earnings. Ineffective portions of changes in the estimated fair value of cash flow hedges are recognized in earnings. If the derivative is designated as a fair value hedge, the changes in the estimated fair value of the derivative and of the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognized in earnings.
The Company uses interest rate swaps to manage exposure to variable cash flows on portions of its borrowings under reverse repurchase agreements, credit facilities and the floating rate debt of its CDOs. On the date in which the derivative contract is entered into, the Company designates the derivative as either a cash flow hedge or a trading derivative.
Occasionally, counterparties will require the Company, or the Company will require counterparties, to provide collateral for the interest rate swap agreements in the form of margin deposits. Such deposits are recorded as a component of either other assets, other liabilities or restricted cash. Should the counterparty fail to return deposits paid, the Company would be at risk for the estimated fair value of that asset. At June 30, 2008, the Company did not have any balances pledged to counterparties as collateral under these agreements.
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At June 30, 2008, the Company had interest rate swaps with notional amounts aggregating $99,260 designated as cash flow hedges of borrowings under reverse repurchase agreements and credit facilities. Cash flow hedges with an estimated fair value of $1,702 are included in derivative assets in the consolidated statement of financial condition. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the net change in the estimated fair value of the interest rate swaps was a decrease of $3,905, of which $1,303 was deemed ineffective and is included as a decrease of interest expense and $5,208 was recorded as a reduction of OCI. At June 30, 2008, the $99,260 of notional swaps designated as cash flow hedges had a weighted average remaining term of 3.5 years.
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company terminated five of its interest rate swaps with a notional amount of $168,500 that were designated as cash flow hedges of borrowings under reverse repurchase agreements and credit facilities. The Company will reclassify the $18,253 loss in value from OCI to interest expense over 7.6 years, which was the weighted average remaining term of the swaps at the time they were closed out. At June 30, 2008, the Company has, in aggregate, $19,933 of net losses related to terminated swaps recorded in OCI. For the quarter ended June 30, 2008, $715 was reclassified as an increase to interest expense and $3,561 will be reclassified as an increase to interest expense for the next twelve months.
Upon the adoption of FAS 159 on January 1, 2008, the Company redesignated interest rate swaps with notional amounts aggregating $875,548 as trading swaps. Accordingly, the election of the fair value option for these swaps resulted in a reclassification of $(25,410) from OCI to opening distributions in excess of earnings as of January 1, 2008. At June 30, 2008, the Company had interest rate swaps with notional amounts aggregating $1,238,755 designated as trading derivatives. Trading derivatives with an estimated fair value of $3,569 are included in derivative assets on the consolidated statement of financial condition and trading derivatives with an estimated fair value of $28,236 are included in derivative liabilities on the consolidated statement of financial condition. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the change in estimated fair value for these trading derivatives was a increase of $3,704 and is included as a component of gain (loss) on securities held-for-trading on the consolidated statement of operations. At June 30, 2008, the $1,238,755 notional of swaps designated as trading derivatives had a weighted average remaining term of 5.2 years.
At June 30, 2008, the Company had a forward LIBOR cap with a notional amount of $85,000 and an estimated fair value at June 30, 2008, of $260 which is included in derivative assets, and the change in estimated fair value related to this derivative of $65 is included as a component of gain (loss) in securities held-for-trading on the consolidated statement of operations.
Foreign Currency
The U.S. dollar is considered the functional currency for certain of the Company’s international subsidiaries. Foreign currency transaction gains or losses are recognized in the period incurred and are included in foreign currency gain (loss) in the consolidated statement of operations. Gains and losses on foreign currency forward commitments are included in foreign currency gain (loss) in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company recorded foreign currency gains (losses) of $(2,145) and $(10,186) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and $1,371 and $2,855 for the three and six months ended 2007, respectively.
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Foreign currency agreements at June 30, 2008 consisted of the following:
Estimated Fair Value | Unamortized Cost | Average Remaining Term | ||||||||
Currency swaps | $ | (22,181 | ) | $ | - | 8.1 years | ||||
CDO currency swaps | $ | 18,554 | $ | - | 9.4 years | |||||
Forwards | $ | (1,316 | ) | $ | - | 23 days |
Consistent with SFAS No. 52, Foreign Currency Translation (“FAS 52”), FAS 133 allows hedging of the foreign currency risk of a net investment in a foreign operation. The Company may use foreign currency forward contracts to manage the foreign exchange risk associated with the Company’s investment in its non-U.S. dollar functional currency foreign subsidiary. In accordance with FAS 52, the Company records the change in the carrying amount of this investment in the cumulative translation adjustment account within OCI. For the six months ended June 30, 2008 the foreign currency gain translation included in accumulated OCI was $9,325. Simultaneously, the effective portion of the hedge of this exposure is also recorded in the cumulative translation adjustment account and any ineffective portion of net investment hedges is recorded in income.
Note 14 | NET INTEREST INCOME |
The following is a presentation of the Company’s net interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
For the Three Months Ended June 30, | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Interest Income: | |||||||||||||
Interest from securities | $ | 50,604 | $ | 49,457 | $ | 102,874 | $ | 97,636 | |||||
Interest from commercial mortgage loans | 23,100 | 18,282 | 46,831 | 29,449 | |||||||||
Interest from commercial mortgage loan pools | 12,801 | 13,002 | 25,666 | 26,133 | |||||||||
Interest from cash and cash equivalents | 918 | 939 | 1,982 | 1,863 | |||||||||
Total interest income | 87,423 | 81,680 | 177,353 | 155,081 | |||||||||
Interest Expense: | |||||||||||||
Interest - securities | 50,683 | 60,085 | 107,536 | 115,924 | |||||||||
Total interest expense | 50,683 | 60,085 | 107,536 | 115,924 | |||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 36,740 | $ | 21,595 | $ | 69,817 | $ | 39,157 |
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Note 15 | CURRENT AND SUBSEQUENT EVENTS IN THE CREDIT MARKETS |
The ongoing weaknesses in the subprime mortgage sector and in the broader mortgage market have resulted in reduced liquidity for mortgage-backed securities. Although this reduction in liquidity was originally linked to subprime residential assets, to which the Company continues to have no direct exposure, there has been an overall reduction in liquidity across the credit spectrum of commercial and residential mortgage products. The Company received and funded margin calls totaling $82,570 during 2007 and an additional $120,619 from January 1, 2008 through August 8, 2008, $35,708 of which occurred since April 1, 2008. The Company's ability to maintain adequate liquidity is dependent on several factors, many of which are outside of the Company's control, including the Company's continued access to credit facilities (including repurchase agreements) on acceptable terms, the Company's compliance with REIT distribution requirements, the timing and amount of margin calls by lenders that are dependent on the valuation of the Company's investments and credit risk of the underlying collateral.
The aforementioned factors could adversely affect one or more of the Company's credit facilities (including repurchase agreement) counterparties which provide funding for the Company's portfolio or could cause one or more of the Company's counterparties to be unwilling or unable to provide the Company with additional financing or to extend current credit facilities on the maturity date. If one or more of the Company's counterparties were unwilling or unable to provide the Company with additional financing and the Company were unable to replace such facilities, the Company’s liquidity would be reduced, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and business. The Company could be forced to sell its investments at a time when prices are depressed, which could adversely affect the Company's ability to comply with REIT asset and income tests and maintain its qualification as a REIT.
If one or more major market participants that provides financing for mortgage-backed or other fixed income securities fails or decides to withdraw from the market, it could negatively affect the marketability of all fixed income securities, including the value of the securities in the Company's portfolio, thus reducing the Company's net book value. In addition, distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Code limit the Company's ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital for its operations.
In addition, the Company's liquidity also may be adversely affected by margin calls under the Company's credit facilities (including repurchase agreements) that are dependent in part on the valuation of the collateral to secure the financing. The Company's credit facilities allow the lender, to varying degrees, to revalue the collateral to values that the lender considers to reflect market value. If a counterparty determines that the value of the collateral has decreased, it may initiate a margin call requiring the Company to post additional collateral to cover the decrease. When subject to such a margin call, the Company repays a portion of the outstanding borrowing with minimal notice. The Company has hedged a certain amount of its liabilities to offset market value declines due to changes in interest rates, but is exposed to market value fluctuations due to spread widening. A significant increase in margin calls as a result of the widening of credit spreads could harm the Company's liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and business prospects. Additionally, in order to obtain cash to satisfy a margin call, the Company may be required to liquidate assets at a disadvantageous time, which could cause the Company to incur further losses and consequently adversely affect its results of operations and financial condition.
To date, the credit performance of the Company's investments remains consistent both with the Company's expectations and with the broader commercial real estate finance industry experience; nevertheless, during the first six months of 2008, the capital markets have been marking down the value of all credit-sensitive securities regardless of performance. The Company believes it has sufficient sources of liquidity to fund operations for the next twelve months.
35
During the first six months of 2008, the Company raised $19,253 of capital by issuing common shares under its sales agency agreement. From January 1, 2008 through August 8, 2008, the Company raised an additional $4,103 under the sales agency agreement. On April 4, 2008, in a privately negotiated transaction, the Company issued $70,125 of Series E Preferred Stock and 3,494,021 shares of Common Stock, resulting in combined net proceeds of $93,425. The Company repaid $52,500 of its loan from HoldCo 2 on April 8, 2008. On July 28, 2008, the Company subsequently reborrowed $30,000 from HoldCo 2.
In the event of a further reduction in market liquidity, the Company’s short-term (one year or less) liquidity needs will be met primarily with $38,684 of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held as of June 30, 2008 as well as future common stock issuances under the Company’s sales agency agreement, and $30,000 of unused borrowing capacity from HoldCo 2.
The Company's ability to meet its long-term (greater than twelve months) liquidity requirements is subject to obtaining additional long-term debt and equity financing. Any decision by the Company's lenders and investors to provide the Company with financing will depend upon a number of factors, such as the Company's compliance with the terms of its existing credit arrangements, the Company's financial performance, industry or market trends, the general availability of and rates applicable to financing transactions, such lenders' and investors' resources and policies concerning the terms under which they make capital commitments and the relative attractiveness of alternative investment or lending opportunities.
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ITEM 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
All currency figures expressed herein are expressed in thousands, except share and per share amounts.
I. | General |
Anthracite Capital, Inc., a Maryland corporation (collectively with its subsidiaries, the "Company"), is a specialty finance company that invests in commercial real estate assets on a global basis. The Company commenced operations on March 24, 1998 and is organized as a real estate investment trust ("REIT"). The Company seeks to generate income from the spread between the interest income, gains and net operating income on its commercial real estate assets and the interest expense from borrowings to finance its investments. The Company's primary activities are investing in high yielding commercial real estate debt and equity. The Company combines traditional real estate underwriting and capital markets expertise to maximize the opportunities arising from the continuing integration of these two disciplines. The Company focuses on acquiring pools of performing loans in the form of commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS"), issuing secured debt backed by CMBS and providing strategic capital for the commercial real estate industry in the form of mezzanine loan financing and equity.
The Company's primary investment activities are conducted on a global basis in four investment sectors:
1) | Commercial Real Estate Securities |
2) | Commercial Real Estate Loans |
3) | Commercial Real Estate Equity |
4) | Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities (“RMBS”) |
The commercial real estate securities portfolio provides diversification and high yields that are adjusted for anticipated losses over a period of time (typically a ten-year weighted average life). Commercial real estate loans and equity provide attractive risk adjusted returns over shorter periods of time through strategic investments in specific property types or regions. Given the dramatically improved relative value in the RMBS sector, the Company may replenish the RMBS portfolio as its source of liquidity.
The Company's common stock, par value $0.001 per share ("Common Stock"), is traded on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under the symbol "AHR". The Company's primary long-term objective is to generate sufficient earnings to support a dividend at a level which provides an attractive return to stockholders. The Company establishes its dividend by analyzing the long-term sustainability of earnings given existing market conditions and the current composition of its portfolio. This includes an analysis of the Company's credit loss assumptions, general level of interest rates and projected hedging costs.
The Company is managed by BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. (the "Manager"), a subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc., a publicly traded (NYSE:BLK) asset management company with more than $1.428 trillion of assets under management at June 30, 2008. The Manager provides an operating platform that incorporates significant asset origination, risk management, and operational capabilities.
The Company’s fixed income investment activity continues to be managed to maintain a positive, though controlled, exposure to both long- and short-term interest rates through its active hedging strategies. See “Item 3 - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” for a discussion of interest rates and their effect on earnings and book value.
37
The following table illustrates the mix of the Company’s asset types at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007:
Carrying Value at | |||||||||||||
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Amount | % | Amount | % | ||||||||||
Commercial real estate securities(4) | $ | 1,903,167 | 44.6 | % | $ | 2,274,151 | 49.3 | % | |||||
Commercial real estate loans(1) | 1,121,253 | 26.3 | 1,082,785 | 23.5 | |||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools(2) | 1,229,442 | 28.8 | 1,240,793 | 26.9 | |||||||||
Commercial real estate equity(3) | 9,350 | 0.2 | 9,350 | 0.2 | |||||||||
Total commercial real estate assets | 4,263,212 | 100 | % | 4,607,079 | 99.9 | ||||||||
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 973 | 0.0 | 10,183 | 0.1 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 4,264,185 | 100 | % | $ | 4,617,262 | 100.0 | % |
(1) | Includes equity investments in the Carbon Capital funds and AHR International JV. |
(2) | Represents a Controlling Class CMBS that is consolidated for accounting purposes. See Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements. |
(3) | Represents equity investment in Dynamic India Fund IV |
(4) | Includes equity investment in AHR JV |
During the first six months of 2008 the Company purchased $53,515 of non-U.S. dollar denominated securities in order to continue to increase geographic diversification. Also during the first six months of 2008, the Company sold the majority of its remaining multifamily agency securities and CMBS IOs to increase its liquidity position. In addition, the dislocation in the capital markets during the first quarter of 2008 caused CMBS spreads to widen significantly. This development resulted in a significant decline in the market value of the Company’s U.S. CMBS portfolio during the first quarter of 2008.
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Summary of Commercial Real Estate Assets by Local Currency
A summary of the Company’s commercial real estate assets with estimated fair values in local currencies at June 30, 2008 is as follows:
Commercial Real Estate Securities(2) | Commercial Real Estate Loans (1) | Commercial Real Estate Equity | Commercial Mortgage Loan Pools | Total Commercial Real Estate Assets | Total Commercial Real Estate Assets (USD) | % of Total | ||||||||||||||||
USD | $ | 1,507,230 | $ | 418,711 | - | $ | 1,229,442 | $ | 3,155,383 | $ | 3,155,383 | 74.0 | % | |||||||||
GBP | £ | 28,487 | £ | 44,679 | - | - | £ | 73,166 | 145,613 | 3.4 | % | |||||||||||
EURO | € | 136,522 | € | 370,606 | - | - | € | 507,128 | 799,006 | 18.7 | % | |||||||||||
Canadian Dollars | C$ | 86,907 | C$ | 6,276 | - | - | C$ | 93,183 | 91,847 | 2.2 | % | |||||||||||
Japanese Yen | ¥ | 4,079,450 | - | - | - | ¥ | 4,079,450 | 38,484 | 0.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Swiss Francs | - | CHF | 23,966 | - | - | CHF | 23,966 | 23,529 | 0.6 | % | ||||||||||||
Indian Rupees | - | - | Rs | 401,302 | - | Rs | 401,302 | 9,350 | 0.2 | % | ||||||||||||
Total USD Equivalent | $ | 1,903,167 | $ | 1,121,253 | $ | 9,350 | $ | 1,229,442 | $ | 4,263,212 | $ | 4,263,212 | 100.0 | % |
(1) | Includes the Company’s investments in the Carbon Capital Funds of $96,969 and AHR International JV of $30,902 at June 30, 2008. |
(2) | Includes the Company’s investment in AHR JV of $1,089 at June 30, 2008. |
A summary of the Company’s commercial real estate assets with estimated fair values in local currencies at December 31, 2007 is as follows:
Commercial Real Estate Securities | Commercial Real Estate Loans (1) | Commercial Real Estate Equity | Commercial Mortgage Loan Pools | Total Commercial Real Estate Assets | Total Commercial Real Estate Assets (USD) | % of Total | ||||||||||||||||
USD | $ | 1,881,328 | $ | 445,618 | $ | - | $ | 1,240,793 | $ | 3,567,739 | $ | 3,567,739 | 77.4 | % | ||||||||
GBP | £ | 35,247 | £ | 45,944 | - | - | £ | 81,191 | 161,618 | 3.5 | % | |||||||||||
Euro | € | 131,645 | € | 354,458 | - | - | € | 486,103 | 710,707 | 15.4 | % | |||||||||||
Canadian Dollars | C$ | 89,805 | C$ | 6,249 | - | - | C$ | 96,054 | 97,324 | 2.1 | % | |||||||||||
Japanese Yen | ¥ | 4,378,759 | - | - | - | ¥ | 4,378,759 | 39,196 | 0.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Swiss Francs | - | CHF | 23,939 | - | - | CHF | 23,939 | 21,145 | 0.5 | % | ||||||||||||
Indian Rupees | - | - | Rs | 368,483 | - | Rs | 368,483 | 9,350 | 0.2 | % | ||||||||||||
Total USD Equivalent | $ | 2,274,151 | $ | 1,082,785 | $ | 9,350 | $ | 1,240,793 | $ | 4,607,079 | $ | 4,607,079 | 100.0 | % |
(1) | Includes the Company's investments of $99,398 in the Carbon Capital Funds at December 31, 2007. |
The Company has foreign currency rate exposure related to its non-U.S. dollar denominated assets. The Company’s primary foreign currency exposures are the Euro, British pound and Canadian dollar. Changes in currency rates can adversely impact the estimated fair value and earnings of the Company’s non-U.S. dollar investments. The Company mitigates this impact by utilizing local currency-denominated financing on its foreign investments and foreign currency forward commitments and swaps to hedge the net exposure.
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Commercial Real Estate Assets Portfolio Activity
The following table details the par value, carrying value, adjusted purchase price, and expected yield of the Company’s commercial real estate securities included in as well as outside of the Company’s CDOs at June 30, 2008. The dollar price (“Dollar Price”) represents the estimated fair value or adjusted purchase price of a security, respectively, relative to its par value.
Commercial real estate securities outside CDOs | Par | Carrying Value | Dollar Price | Adjusted Purchase Price | Dollar Price | Expected Yield | |||||||||||||
Investment grade CMBS | $ | 219,774 | $ | 159,830 | $ | 72.72 | $ | 190,190 | $ | 86.54 | 7.08 | % | |||||||
Investment grade REIT debt | 121 | 117 | 96.90 | 123 | 101.41 | 5.27 | |||||||||||||
CMBS rated BB+ to B | 565,361 | 235,745 | 41.70 | 432,343 | 76.47 | 8.85 | |||||||||||||
CMBS rated B- or lower | 514,031 | 110,761 | 21.34 | 161,542 | 31.40 | 8.39 | |||||||||||||
CDO Investments | 347,807 | 32,732 | 9.41 | 62,005 | 17.83 | 21.55 | |||||||||||||
CMBS Interest Only securities (“IOs”) | 110,688 | 4,427 | 4.00 | 2,192 | 1.98 | 24.90 | |||||||||||||
Multifamily agency securities | 350 | 357 | 102.00 | 515 | 147.08 | 6.74 | |||||||||||||
Total commercial real estate assets outside CDOs | 1,758,132 | 543,969 | 30.88 | 849,910 | 48.28 | 9.34 | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate loans and equity outside CDOs | |||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 645,885 | 631,391 | 596,407 | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools | 1,189,528 | 1,229,442 | 103.36 | 1,229,442 | 103.36 | 4.15 | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate | 9,350 | 9,350 | 9,350 | ||||||||||||||||
Total commercial real estate loans and equity outside CDOs | 1,844,763 | 1,870,183 | 103.36 | 1,835,199 | 103.36 | 4.15 | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate assets included in CDOs | |||||||||||||||||||
Investment grade CMBS | 808,780 | 708,420 | 87.59 | 759,536 | 93.91 | 7.28 | |||||||||||||
Investment grade REIT debt | 210,624 | 205,729 | 97.68 | 211,767 | 100.54 | 5.78 | |||||||||||||
CMBS rated BB+ to B | 591,077 | 372,632 | 63.04 | 460.937 | 77.98 | 9.95 | |||||||||||||
CMBS rated B- or lower | 199,983 | 46,545 | 23.27 | 71,936 | 35.97 | 10.14 | |||||||||||||
CDO Investments | 4,000 | 2,840 | 71.00 | 3,535 | 88.38 | 7.84 | |||||||||||||
Credit tenant lease | 22,944 | 23,032 | 100.38 | 23,562 | 102.70 | 5.66 | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 499,504 | 489,861 | 98.07 | 437,105 | 87.51 | 8.60 | |||||||||||||
Total commercial real estate assets included in CDOs | 2,336,912 | 1,849,059 | 79.12 | 1,968,378 | 84.23 | 8.15 | % | ||||||||||||
Total commercial real estate assets | $ | 5,939,807 | $ | 4,263,211 | $ | 4,653,487 |
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The following table details the par, carrying value, adjusted purchase price and expected yield of the Company’s commercial real estate assets included in as well as outside of the Company’s CDOs at December 31, 2007:
Commercial real estate securities outside CDOs | Par | Carrying Value | Dollar Price | Adjusted Purchase Price | Dollar Price | Expected Yield | |||||||||||||
Investment grade CMBS | $ | 179,638 | $ | 149,856 | $ | 83.42 | $ | 158,216 | $ | 88.07 | 6.56 | % | |||||||
Investment grade REIT debt | 23,121 | 20,034 | 86.65 | 22,995 | 99.45 | 5.49 | |||||||||||||
CMBS rated BB+ to B | 546,299 | 316,210 | 57.88 | 417,204 | 76.37 | 8.71 | |||||||||||||
CMBS rated B- or lower | 513,189 | 144,797 | 28.21 | 166,381 | 32.42 | 10.73 | |||||||||||||
CDO Investments | 347,807 | 46,241 | 13.30 | 63,987 | 18.40 | 20.56 | |||||||||||||
CMBS IOs | 818,670 | 15,915 | 1.94 | 14,725 | 1.80 | 8.80 | |||||||||||||
Multifamily agency securities | 35,955 | 37,123 | 103.25 | 36,815 | 102.39 | 5.37 | |||||||||||||
Total commercial real estate assets outside CDOs | 2,464,679 | 730,176 | 29.61 | 880,323 | 35.70 | 9.34 | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate loans and equity outside CDOs | |||||||||||||||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 531,516 | 618,328 | 601,144 | ||||||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools | 1,174,659 | 1,240,793 | 105.63 | 1,240,793 | 105.63 | 4.15 | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate | 9,350 | 9,350 | 9,350 | ||||||||||||||||
Total commercial real estate loans and equity outside CDOs | 1,715,525 | 1,868,471 | 105.63 | 1,851,287 | 105.63 | 4.15 | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate assets included in CDOs | |||||||||||||||||||
Investment grade CMBS | 801,748 | 768,671 | 95.87 | 759,524 | 94.73 | 7.09 | |||||||||||||
Investment grade REIT debt | 223,324 | 226,060 | 101.23 | 224,608 | 100.57 | 5.85 | |||||||||||||
CMBS rated BB+ to B | 627,550 | 466,564 | 74.35 | 486,162 | 77.47 | 10.01 | |||||||||||||
CMBS rated B- or lower | 193,155 | 54,342 | 28.13 | 68,693 | 35.56 | 14.98 | |||||||||||||
CDO Investments | 4,000 | 3,390 | 84.75 | 3,483 | 87.07 | 7.79 | |||||||||||||
Credit tenant lease | 23,235 | 24,949 | 107.38 | 23,867 | 102.72 | 5.66 | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 476,782 | 464,456 | 97.41 | 434,364 | 91.10 | 8.73 | |||||||||||||
Total commercial real estate assets included in CDOs | 2,349,794 | 2,008,432 | 85.47 | 2,000,701 | 85.14 | 8.28 | % | ||||||||||||
Total commercial real estate assets | $ | 6,529,998 | $ | 4,607,079 | $ | 4,732,311 |
The Company’s CDO offerings allow the Company to match fund its commercial real estate portfolio by issuing long-term debt to finance long-term assets. The CDO debt is non-recourse to the Company; therefore, the Company’s losses are limited to its equity investment in the CDO. The CDO debt is also hedged to protect the Company from an increase in short-term interest rates. At June 30, 2008, 57% of the estimated fair value of the Company’s subordinated CMBS was match funded in the Company's CDOs in this manner. The Company retained 100% of the equity of CDOs I, II, III, HY3 and Euro (each as defined below) and recorded the transactions on its consolidated financial statements as secured financing.
41
The table below summarizes the Company’s CDO collateral and debt at June 30, 2008.
Collateral at June 30, 2008 | Debt at June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Adjusted Purchase Price | Loss Adjusted Yield | Adjusted Issue Price | Weighted Average Cost of Funds * | Net Spread | ||||||||||||
CDO I | $ | 454,341 | 8.23 | % | $ | 384,179 | 6.75 | % | 1.48 | % | ||||||
CDO II | 301,221 | 7.82 | 262,559 | 5.77 | 2.05 | % | ||||||||||
CDO III | 374,462 | 7.05 | 375,638 | 5.14 | 1.91 | % |
CDO HY3 | 415,232 | 9.79 | 372,725 | 5.29 | 4.50 | % | ||||||||||
Euro CDO | 423,122 | 8.24 | 415,157 | 5.07 | 3.17 | % |
Total ** | $ | 1,968,378 | 8.28 | % | $ | 1,810,258 | 5.59 | % | 2.69 | % |
* Weighted Average Cost of Funds is the current cost of funds plus hedging expenses.
** The Company chose not to sell $12,500 of par of Euro CDO debt rated BB.
Real Estate Credit Profile of Below Investment Grade CMBS
The Company views its below investment grade CMBS investment activity as two portfolios: Controlling Class CMBS and other below investment grade CMBS. The Company considers the CMBS securities where it maintains the right to influence the foreclosure/workout process on the underlying loans its controlling class CMBS (“Controlling Class”). The distinction between the two is in the rights the Company obtains with its investment in Controlling Class CMBS. Controlling Class rights allow the Company to influence the workout and/or disposition of defaults that occur in the underlying loans. These securities absorb the first losses realized in the underlying loan pools. The coupon payment on the non-rated security also can be reduced for special servicer fees charged to the trust. The next highest rated security in the structure then generally will be downgraded to non-rated and become the first to absorb losses and expenses from that point on. At June 30, 2008, the Company owned 39 trusts where it is in the first loss position and is designated as the controlling class representative by owning the lowest rated or non-rated CMBS class. The total par of the loans underlying these securities was $58,356,845. At June 30, 2008, subordinated Controlling Class CMBS with a par of $1,556,235 were included on the Company’s consolidated statement of financial condition and subordinated Controlling Class CMBS with a par of $750,623 were held as collateral by CDO HY1 and CDO HY2 (each as defined below).
The Company’s other below investment grade CMBS have more limited rights associated with its ownership to influence the workout and/or disposition of underlying loan defaults. The total par of the Company’s other below investment grade CMBS at June 30, 2008 was $313,079; the average credit protection, or subordination level, of this portfolio was 0.93%.
42
The Company’s investment in its subordinated Controlling Class CMBS securities by credit rating category at June 30, 2008 was as follows:
Par | Estimated Fair Value | Dollar Price | Adjusted Purchase Price | Dollar Price | Weighted Average Subordination Level | ||||||||||||||
BB+ | $ | 250, 135 | $ | 127,960 | $ | 51.16 | $ | 210,257 | $ | 84.06 | 4.18 | % | |||||||
BB | 191,578 | 88,612 | 46.25 | 156,143 | 81.50 | 3.16 | % | ||||||||||||
BB- | 182,916 | 94,521 | 51.67 | 133,211 | 72.83 | 5.03 | % | ||||||||||||
B+ | 106,635 | 40,594 | 38.07 | 70,207 | 65.84 | 2.12 | % | ||||||||||||
B | 133,772 | 49,770 | 37.20 | 81,965 | 61.27 | 1.85 | % | ||||||||||||
B- | 117,106 | 30,789 | 26.29 | 61,188 | 52.25 | 1.36 | % | ||||||||||||
CCC+ | 13,214 | 3,171 | 24.00 | 7,206 | 54.53 | 0.65 | % | ||||||||||||
CCC | 28,161 | 5,056 | 17.95 | 10,504 | 37.30 | 0.75 | % | ||||||||||||
NR | 532,718 | 93,027 | 17.46 | 133,503 | 25.06 | n/a | |||||||||||||
Total | $ | 1,556,235 | $ | 533,500 | $ | 34.28 | $ | 864,184 | $ | 55.53 |
The Company’s investment in its subordinated Controlling Class CMBS securities by credit rating category at December 31, 2007 was as follows:
Par | Estimated Fair Value | Dollar Price | Adjusted Purchase Price | Dollar Price | Weighted Average Subordination Level | ||||||||||||||
BB+ | $ | 277,946 | $ | 189,351 | $ | 68.13 | $ | 228,054 | $ | 82.05 | 3.59 | % | |||||||
BB | 191,808 | 117,702 | 61.36 | 154,916 | 80.77 | 2.55 | % | ||||||||||||
BB- | 192,875 | 121,665 | 63.08 | 137,092 | 71.08 | 4.33 | % | ||||||||||||
B+ | 103,352 | 55,664 | 53.86 | 67,214 | 65.03 | 2.15 | % | ||||||||||||
B | 140,275 | 71,947 | 51.29 | 83,949 | 59.85 | 1.76 | % | ||||||||||||
B- | 123,683 | 49,817 | 40.28 | 63,282 | 51.17 | 1.29 | % | ||||||||||||
CCC | 22,313 | 6,293 | 28.21 | 7,814 | 35.01 | 0.88 | % | ||||||||||||
NR | 533,920 | 118,473 | 22.19 | 139,714 | 26.17 | n/a | |||||||||||||
Total | $ | 1,586,172 | $ | 730,912 | $ | 46.08 | $ | 882,035 | $ | 55.61 |
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the loan pools were paid down by $2,103,618. Pay down proceeds are distributed to the highest rated CMBS class first and reduce the percent of total underlying collateral represented by each rating category.
As the portfolio matures and expected losses occur, subordination levels of the lower rated classes of a CMBS investment will be reduced. This may cause the lower rated classes to be downgraded, which would negatively affect their estimated fair value and therefore the Company’s net book value. Reduced estimated fair value would negatively affect the Company’s ability to finance any such securities that are not financed through a CDO or similar matched funding vehicle. In some cases, securities held by the Company may be upgraded to reflect seasoning of the underlying collateral and thus would increase the estimated fair value of the securities. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, four securities in one of the Company’s Controlling Class CMBS was upgraded by at least one rating agency and thirteen securities in one Controlling Class CMBS were downgraded. Additionally, at least one rating agency upgraded eleven of the Company’s non-Controlling Class commercial real estate securities and downgraded eight.
43
As part of its underwriting process, the Company assumes a certain amount of loans will incur losses over time. In performing continuing credit reviews on the 39 Controlling Class trusts, the Company estimates that specific losses totaling $851,920 related to principal of the underlying loans will not be recoverable, of which $399,403 is expected to occur over the next five years. The total loss estimate of $851,920 represents 1.46% of the total underlying loan pools.
The Company considers delinquency information from the Lehman Brothers Conduit Guide to be the most relevant benchmark to measure credit performance and market conditions applicable to its Controlling Class CMBS holdings. The year of issuance, or vintage year, is important, as older loan pools will tend to have more delinquencies than newly underwritten loans. The Company owns Controlling Class CMBS issued in 1998, 1999, and 2001 through 2007. Comparable delinquency statistics referenced by vintage year as a percentage of par outstanding at June 30, 2008 are shown in the table below:
Vintage Year | Underlying Collateral | Delinquencies Outstanding | Lehman Brothers Conduit Guide | |||||||
1998 | $ | 1,640,063 | 2.58 | % | 0.81 | % | ||||
1999 | 497,288 | 2.22 | % | 0.83 | % | |||||
2001 | 805,373 | 0.91 | % | 0.83 | % | |||||
2002 | 914,620 | 0.00 | % | 0.62 | % | |||||
2003 | 1,751,059 | 1.48 | % | 0.87 | % | |||||
2004 | 6,315,137 | 0.70 | % | 0.39 | % | |||||
2005 | 11,819,255 | 0.63 | % | 0.41 | % | |||||
2006 | 13,684,183 | 0.71 | % | 0.27 | % | |||||
2007 | 20,929,867 | 0.24 | % | 0.17 | % | |||||
Total | $ | 58,356,845 | 0.59 | % | 0.33 | %* |
* Weighted average based on current principal balance.
Delinquencies on the Company’s CMBS collateral as a percent of principal are in line with expectations. While the Company’s portfolio modestly under-performed relative to the market in the first six months of 2008, the absolute amount of the delinquencies experienced by the Company remains low. These seasoning criteria generally will adjust for the lower delinquencies that occur in newly originated collateral. See “Item 7A - Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks” for a detailed discussion of how delinquencies and loan losses affect the Company.
44
The following table sets forth certain information relating to the aggregate principal balance and payment status of delinquent commercial mortgage loans underlying the Controlling Class CMBS held by the Company at June 30, 2008:
June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||
Principal | Number of Loans | % of Collateral | ||||||||
Past due 30 days to 59 days | $ | 67,839 | 8 | 0.11 | % | |||||
Past due 60 days to 89 days | 28,257 | 5 | 0.05 | % | ||||||
Past due 90 days or more | 207,783 | 34 | 0.36 | % | ||||||
Real Estate owned | 26,633 | 13 | 0.05 | % | ||||||
Foreclosure | 15,120 | 2 | 0.03 | % | ||||||
Total Delinquent | 345,632 | 62 | 0.59 | % | ||||||
Total Collateral Balance | 58,356,845 | 4,573 |
Of the 62 delinquent loans at June 30, 2008, 13 loans were real estate owned and being marketed for sale, 2 loans were in foreclosure and the remaining 47 loans were in some form of workout negotiations. The Controlling Class CMBS owned by the Company have a delinquency rate of 0.59%. During 2008, the underlying collateral experienced early payoffs of $2,103,618 representing 3.60% of the quarter-end pool balance. These loans were paid off at par with no loss. Aggregate losses related to the underlying collateral of $1,533 were realized during the six months ended June 30, 2008. This brings cumulative realized losses to $128,437, which is 12.76% of total estimated losses. These losses include special servicer and other workout expenses. This experience to date is in line with the Company's loss expectations. Realized losses and special servicer expenses are expected to increase on the underlying loans as the portfolio matures. Special servicer expenses are also expected to increase as portfolios mature.
To the extent that realized losses differ from the Company’s original loss estimates, it may be necessary to reduce or increase the projected yield on the applicable CMBS investment to better reflect such investment’s expected earnings net of expected losses, from the date of purchase. While realized losses on individual assets may be higher or lower than original estimates, the Company currently believes its aggregate loss estimates and yields remain appropriate.
45
The Company manages its credit risk through disciplined underwriting, diversification, active monitoring of loan performance and exercise of its right to influence the workout process for delinquent loans as early as possible. The Company maintains diversification of credit exposures through its underwriting process and can shift its focus in future investments by adjusting the mix of loans in subsequent acquisitions. The profile of the loans underlying the Company’s CMBS by property type at June 30, 2008 was as follows:
June 30, 2008 Exposure | |||||||
Property Type | Collateral Balance | % of Total | |||||
Office | $ | 19,921,612 | 34.1 | % | |||
Retail | 16,575,136 | 28.4 | % | ||||
Multifamily | 12,555,914 | 21.5 | % | ||||
Industrial | 4,437,281 | 7.6 | % | ||||
Lodging | 4,055,537 | 6.9 | % | ||||
Healthcare | 324,298 | 0.6 | % | ||||
Other | 487,067 | 0.9 | % | ||||
Total | $ | 58,356,845 | 100.0 | % |
At June 30, 2008, the estimated fair value of the Company’s holdings of subordinated Controlling Class CMBS is $330,684 lower than the adjusted cost for these securities, which consists of a gross unrealized gain of $7,010 and a gross unrealized loss of $337,694. The adjusted purchase price of the Company’s subordinated Controlling Class CMBS portfolio at June 30, 2008 represents approximately 55.53% of its par amount. The estimated fair value of the Company’s subordinated Controlling Class CMBS portfolio at June 30, 2008 represents approximately 34.28% of its par amount. As the portfolio matures, the Company expects to recoup the $330,684 of unrealized loss, provided that the credit losses experienced are not greater than the credit losses assumed in the projected cash flow analysis. At June 30, 2008, the Company believed there has been no material deterioration in the credit quality of its portfolio below current expectations.
The Company’s interest income calculated in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force Issue 99-20, Recognition of Interest Income and Impairment on Purchased and Retained Beneficial Interests in Securitized Financial Assets (“EITF 99-20”) for its CMBS is computed based upon a yield, which assumes credit losses will occur. The yield to compute the Company’s taxable income does not assume there would be credit losses, as a loss can only be deducted for tax purposes when it has occurred. This is the primary difference between the Company’s income in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) and taxable income.
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Commercial Real Estate Loan Activity
The Company's commercial real estate loan portfolio generally emphasizes larger transactions located in metropolitan markets located in the United States and Europe, as compared to the typical loan in the CMBS portfolio.
The following table summarizes the Company’s commercial real estate loan portfolio by property type at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007:
Loan Outstanding | Weighted | ||||||||||||||||||
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | Average Yield | |||||||||||||||||
Property Type | Amount | % | Amount | % | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
U.S. | |||||||||||||||||||
Retail | $ | 52,437 | 5.30 | % | $ | 52,209 | 5.30 | % | 9.6 | % | 9.6 | % | |||||||
Office | 45,549 | 4.6 | 45,640 | 4.6 | 10.3 | 10.3 | |||||||||||||
Multifamily | 175,301 | 17.6 | 174,873 | 17.8 | 9.9 | 9.7 | |||||||||||||
Storage | 32,159 | 3.2 | 32,307 | 3.3 | 9.1 | 9.1 | |||||||||||||
Land(1) | - | - | 25,000 | 2.5 | - | 9.6 | |||||||||||||
Hotel | 12,302 | 1.2 | 12,208 | 1.2 | 10.4 | 10.9 | |||||||||||||
Other Mixed Use | 3,994 | 0.4 | 3,983 | 0.5 | 8.5 | 8.5 | |||||||||||||
Total U.S. | 321,742 | 32.4 | 346,220 | 35.2 | 9.8 | 9.7 | |||||||||||||
Non-U.S. | |||||||||||||||||||
Retail | 293,915 | 29.6 | 278,669 | 28.3 | 8.7 | 8.9 | |||||||||||||
Office | 255,904 | 25.8 | 238,691 | 24.3 | 8.4 | 8.8 | |||||||||||||
Multifamily | 44,139 | 4.4 | 41,403 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 8.6 | |||||||||||||
Storage | 51,352 | 5.2 | 51,272 | 5.2 | 9.2 | 9.5 | |||||||||||||
Industrial | 17,202 | 1.7 | 17,274 | 1.8 | 10.3 | 10.6 | |||||||||||||
Hotel | 4,175 | 0.4 | 5,016 | 0.5 | 10.0 | 10.1 | |||||||||||||
Other Mixed Use | 4,953 | 0.5 | 4,842 | 0.5 | 9.0 | 9.0 | |||||||||||||
Total Non-U.S. | 671,640 | 67.6 | 637,167 | 64.8 | 8.7 | 8.9 | |||||||||||||
Total | $ | 993,382 | 100.00 | % | $ | 983,387 | 100.00 | % | 9.00 | % | 9.20 | % |
(1) | Net of a loan loss reserve of $25,000 at June 30, 2008. |
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company funded an additional $2,286 for a commercial real estate loan. The Company received repayments of commercial real estate loans in the aggregate amount of $14,140.
The Company invests in the Carbon Capital Funds which also invest in commercial real estate loans. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, the Company recorded $2,534 and $(525) of earnings (loss) related to the Carbon Capital Funds primarily due to the establishment of a loan loss reserve in Carbon II. Carbon II increased its investment in U.S. commercial real estate loans by funding an additional investment of $910 during the second quarter of 2008. Paydowns in the Carbon Capital Funds during the quarter totaled $3,376. As loans are repaid or sold, Carbon II has redeployed capital into acquisitions of additional loans for the portfolio. The Carbon I investment period has expired.
47
The Company's investments in the Carbon Capital Funds are as follows:
June 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | ||||||
Carbon I | $ | 1,711 | $ | 1,636 | |||
Carbon II | 95,258 | 97,762 | |||||
$ | 96,969 | $ | 99,398 |
As of June 30, 2008 Carbon II has three assets located in Florida that are in various stages of resolution. The properties consist on one hotel and two multifamily properties. Carbon II took title to one of the multifamily properties during 2007. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, Carbon II increased its loan loss reserves for two loans by $911. At June 30, 2008 the total loan loss reserve for these loans is $4,242. For the property owned, Carbon II recognized an impairment charge of $5,181 during 2007.
During the first quarter of 2008, a $17,700 loan secured by four Class-A office buildings in Manhattan totaling three million square feet of space defaulted. The borrower defaulted at maturity in February 2008. The loan was restructured, modified and extended. However, Carbon II established a loan loss reserve of $17,700 during the second quarter of 2008 based upon management's assessment of the probability of recovery.
During the second quarter of 2008, a $30,000 first leasehold mortgage on a 43.9 acre tract of land in Las Vegas, zoned for commercial use, went into default. Carbon II is engaged in workout discussions, and other alternatives are being explored. Carbon II believes a loan loss reserve is not necessary at June 30, 2008. All other commercial real estate loans in the Carbon Capital Funds are performing as expected.
Commercial Real Estate
The Company has an indirect investment in a commercial real estate development fund located in India. At June 30, 2008, the Company’s capital committed was $11,000, of which $9,350 had been drawn. The entity conducts its operations in the local currency, Indian Rupees.
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II. | Results of Operations |
Interest Income: The following tables set forth information regarding interest income from certain of the Company’s interest-earning assets.
For the Three Months Ended June 30, | Variance | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Amount | % | ||||||||||
U.S. dollar denominated income | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate securities | $ | 41,094 | $ | 43,596 | $ | (2,502 | ) | (5.7 | )% | ||||
Commercial real estate loans | 8,041 | 7,548 | 493 | 6.5 | % | ||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools | 12,801 | 13,002 | (201 | ) | (1.5 | )% | |||||||
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 16 | 1,443 | (1,427 | ) | (98.9 | )% | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 586 | 648 | (62 | ) | (9.6 | )% | |||||||
Total U.S. interest income | 62,538 | 66,237 | (3,699 | ) | (5.6 | )% | |||||||
Non-U.S dollar denominated income | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate securities | 9,494 | 4,417 | 5,077 | 114.9 | % | ||||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 15,059 | 10,735 | 4,324 | 40.3 | % | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 332 | 291 | 41 | 14.1 | % | ||||||||
Total non-U.S. dollar denominated interest income | 24,885 | 15,443 | 9,442 | 61.1 | % | ||||||||
Total Interest Income | $ | 87,423 | $ | 81,680 | $ | 5,743 | 7.0 | % |
For the Six Months Ended June 30, | Variance | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Amount | % | ||||||||||
U.S. dollar denominated income | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate securities | $ | 84,718 | $ | 85,983 | $ | (1,265 | ) | (1.5 | )% | ||||
Commercial real estate loans | 16,368 | 13,597 | 2,771 | 20.4 | % | ||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools | 25,666 | 26,134 | (468 | ) | (1.8 | )% | |||||||
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 76 | 3,742 | (3,666 | ) | (98.0 | )% | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 1,386 | 1,036 | 350 | 33.8 | % | ||||||||
Total U.S. interest income | 128,214 | 130,492 | (2,278 | ) | (1.7 | )% | |||||||
Non-U.S dollar denominated income | |||||||||||||
Commercial real estate securities | 18,080 | 7,910 | 10,170 | 128.6 | % | ||||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 30,463 | 15,852 | 14,611 | 92.2 | % | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | 596 | 827 | (231 | ) | (27.9 | )% | |||||||
Total non-U.S. dollar denominated interest income | 49,139 | 24,589 | 24,550 | 99.8 | % | ||||||||
Total Interest Income | $ | 177,353 | $ | 155,081 | $ | 22,272 | 14.4 | % |
U.S. dollar denominated income
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 versus 2007, interest income from U.S. assets decreased $3,699, or 5.6% and $2,278, or 1.7%. As of March 31, 2008, the Company increased the loss assumptions on certain of its controlling class CMBS. This contributed to the majority of the decline in income from commercial real estate securities of $2,502 or 5.7% for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and $1,265 or 1.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2008. During the second half of 2007 and the first quarter of 2008, the Company sold most of its residential mortgage backed securities portfolio. As a result, interest income declined $1,427 or 98.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and $3,666 or 98.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2008.
49
Non-U.S. dollar denominated income
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 versus 2007, interest income from non-U.S. assets increased $9,441, or 61.1% and $24,550, or 99.8%. During 2007, the Company continued to increase its investment in non-U.S. dollar commercial real estate assets resulting in higher interest income from non-U.S. commercial real estate securities and loans. The Company has increased its investment portfolio outside the U.S. in order to provide geographic diversification.
The following table reconciles interest income and total income for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
For the three months ended June 30, | Variance | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Amount | % | ||||||||||
Interest Income | $ | 87,423 | $ | 81,680 | $ | 5,743 | 7.0 | % | |||||
Earnings from BlackRock Diamond Property Fund, Inc. | - | 8,430 | (8,430 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Earnings from JVs | (32 | ) | - | (32 | ) | 100.0 | |||||||
Earnings from Carbon I | 4 | 18 | (14 | ) | (77.8 | ) | |||||||
Earnings from Carbon II | (2,538 | ) | 3,965 | (6,503 | ) | (164.0 | ) | ||||||
Total Income | $ | 84,857 | $ | 94,093 | $ | (9,236 | ) | (9.8 | )% |
For the six months ended June 30, | Variance | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Amount | % | ||||||||||
Interest Income | $ | 177,353 | $ | 155,081 | $ | 22,272 | 14.4 | % | |||||
Earnings from BlackRock Diamond Property Fund, Inc. | - | 14,400 | (14,400 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Earnings from JVs | (32 | ) | - | (32 | ) | 100.0 | |||||||
Earnings from Carbon I | 75 | 858 | (783 | ) | (91.1 | ) | |||||||
Earnings from Carbon II | (600 | ) | 7,111 | (7,711 | ) | (108.4 | ) | ||||||
Total Income | $ | 176,796 | $ | 177,450 | $ | (654 | ) | (0.4 | )% |
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Interest Expense: The following tables sets forth information regarding the total amount of interest expense from certain of the Company’s borrowings and cash flow hedges for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007.
For the three months ended June 30, | Variance | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Amount | % | ||||||||||
U.S. dollar denominated interest expense | |||||||||||||
Collateralized debt obligations | $ | 15,391 | $ | 22,437 | $ | (7,046 | ) | (31.4 | )% | ||||
Commercial real estate securities | 2,316 | 8,773 | (6,457 | ) | (73.6 | ) | |||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 914 | 1,470 | (556 | ) | (37.8 | ) | |||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools | 12,183 | 12,308 | (125 | ) | (1.0 | ) | |||||||
Residential mortgage-backed securities | - | 1,738 | (1,738 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Senior convertible notes | 2,370 | - | 2,370 | 100.0 | |||||||||
Senior unsecured notes | 3,016 | 1,860 | 1,156 | 62.2 | |||||||||
Junior subordinated notes | 3,328 | 3,439 | (111 | ) | (3.2 | ) | |||||||
HoldCo 2 loan | 55 | - | 55 | 100.0 | |||||||||
Cash flow hedges | 466 | (265 | ) | 731 | (275.6 | ) | |||||||
Hedge ineffectiveness* | (1,382 | ) | 165 | (1,547 | ) | (937.8 | ) | ||||||
Total U.S. Interest Expense | $ | 38,657 | $ | 51,925 | $ | (13,268 | ) | (25.6 | )% | ||||
Non-U.S. dollar denominated interest expense | |||||||||||||
Euro CDO | $ | 5,041 | $ | 4,160 | $ | 881 | 21.2 | % | |||||
Commercial real estate securities | 2,336 | 886 | 1,450 | 163.7 | |||||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 3,208 | 2,167 | 1,041 | 48.0 | |||||||||
Junior subordinated notes | 1,441 | 947 | 494 | 52.2 | |||||||||
Total Non- U.S. Interest Expense | 12,026 | 8,160 | 3,866 | 47.4 | |||||||||
Total Interest Expense | $ | 50,683 | $ | 60,085 | $ | (9,402 | ) | (15.6 | )% |
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For the six months ended June 30, | Variance | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Amount | % | ||||||||||
U.S. dollar denominated interest expense | |||||||||||||
Collateralized debt obligations | $ | 34,020 | $ | 45,333 | $ | (11,313 | ) | (25.0 | )% | ||||
Commercial real estate securities | 5,726 | 17,134 | (11,408 | ) | (66.6 | ) | |||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 2,274 | 2,011 | 263 | 13.1 | |||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools | 24,391 | 24,708 | (317 | ) | (1.3 | ) | |||||||
Residential mortgage-backed securities | 45 | 5,062 | (5,017 | ) | (99.1 | ) | |||||||
Senior convertible notes | 4,683 | - | 4,683 | 100.0 | |||||||||
Senior unsecured notes | 6,074 | 3,207 | 2,867 | 89.4 | |||||||||
Junior subordinated notes | 6,595 | 6,719 | (124 | ) | (1.8 | ) | |||||||
HoldCo 2 loan | 213 | - | 213 | 100.0 | |||||||||
Cash flow hedges | 885 | (859 | ) | 1,744 | (203.0 | ) | |||||||
Hedge ineffectiveness* | (1,303 | ) | 56 | (1,359 | ) | (2,426.8 | ) | ||||||
Total U.S. Interest Expense | $ | 83,603 | $ | 103,371 | $ | (19,768 | ) | (19.1 | )% | ||||
Non-U.S. dollar denominated interest expense | |||||||||||||
Euro CDO | $ | 10,397 | $ | 8,092 | $ | 2,305 | 28.5 | % | |||||
Commercial real estate securities | 6,189 | 886 | 5,303 | 598.5 | |||||||||
Commercial real estate loans | 4,578 | 2,628 | 1,950 | 74.2 | |||||||||
Junior subordinated notes | 2,769 | 947 | 1,822 | 192.4 | |||||||||
Total Non- U.S. Interest Expense | 23,933 | 12,553 | 11,380 | 90.7 | |||||||||
Total Interest Expense | $ | 107,536 | $ | 115,924 | $ | (8,388 | ) | (7.2 | )% |
*See Note 13 of the consolidated financial statements, Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, for a further description of the Company’s hedge ineffectiveness.
U.S dollar denominated interest expense
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 versus 2007, U.S. dollar interest expense decreased $13,268 or 25.6% and $19,768 or 19.1%. The Company sold most of its residential mortgage backed securities portfolio during the second half of 2007 and the first quarter of 2008. As a result, related interest expense declined $1,738 or 100.0% for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and $5,017 or 99.1% for the six months ended June 30, 2008. This was offset by the issuance of convertible notes in August and September of 2007 and senior unsecured notes in May and June of 2007.
Non-U.S. dollar denominated interest expense
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 versus 2007, non-U.S. dollar interest expense increased $3,866 or 47.4% and $11,380, or 90.7%. The increase was due to increased purchases of non-U.S. dollar securities and loans during 2007. Also, the junior subordinated notes were issued in April of 2007. As a result, the junior subordinated notes were outstanding for the full quarter and six months ended June 30, 2008. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 versus June 30, 2007, U.S. dollar interest expense related to collateralized debt obligations declined $7,046 or 31.4% and $11,313 or 25%. The decline was caused primarily due to an income statement reclassification. Under FAS 159, interest expense related to CDO swaps are classified in realized gain (loss) and are no longer included in interest expense. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, $4,796 and $6,732 were included in realized gain (loss). The balance of the decline in CDO interest expense was primarily due to lower libor rates in 2008 versus 2007.
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Net Interest Margin and Net Interest Spread from the Portfolio: The Company considers its interest generating portfolio to consist of its securities available-for-sale, securities held-for-trading, commercial mortgage loans, and cash and cash equivalents because these assets relate to its core strategy of acquiring and originating high yield loans and securities backed by commercial real estate, while at the same time maintaining a portfolio of investment grade securities to enhance the Company's liquidity. The Company's equity investments, which include the Carbon Capital Funds, also generate a significant portion of the Company's income.
The Company believes interest income and expense related to these assets excluding the effects of hedge ineffectiveness and the consolidation of a variable interest entity pursuant to FIN 46R better reflect the Company's net interest margin and net interest spread from its portfolio. Adjusted interest income and adjusted interest expense are better indicators for both management and investors of the Company's financial performance over time.
The following charts reconcile interest income and expense to adjusted interest income and adjusted interest expense.
For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Interest income | $ | 87,423 | $ | 81,680 | $ | 177,353 | $ | 155,081 | |||||
Interest expense related to the consolidation of commercial mortgage loan pools | (12,110 | ) | (12,409 | ) | (24,271 | ) | (24,880 | ) | |||||
Adjusted interest income | $ | 75,313 | $ | 69,271 | $ | 153,082 | $ | 130,201 |
For the three months ended June 30, | For the six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Interest expense | $ | 50,683 | $ | 60,085 | $ | 107,536 | $ | 115,924 | |||||
Interest expense related to the consolidation of commercial mortgage loan pools | (12,110 | ) | (12,409 | ) | (24,271 | ) | (24,880 | ) | |||||
Hedge ineffectiveness | (1,382 | ) | 165 | (1,303 | ) | 56 | |||||||
Adjusted interest expense | $ | 37,191 | $ | 47,841 | $ | 81,962 | $ | 91,100 |
Net interest margin from the portfolio is annualized net interest income divided by the average estimated fair value of interest-earning assets. Net interest income is total interest income less interest expense related to collateralized borrowings. Net interest spread equals the yield on average assets for the period less the average cost of funds for the period. The yield on average assets is interest income divided by average amortized cost of interest earning assets. The average cost of funds is interest expense from the portfolio divided by average outstanding collateralized borrowings.
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The following chart includes the adjusted interest income, adjusted interest expense, net interest margin and net interest spread for the Company's portfolio. The interest income and interest expense amounts exclude income and expense related to hedge ineffectiveness, and the gross-up effect of the consolidation of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) that includes commercial mortgage loan pools. The Company believes interest income and expense excluding the effects of these items better reflects the Company's net interest margin and net interest spread from the portfolio.
For the Three Months ended June 30, | For the Six Months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Adjusted interest income | $ | 75,313 | $ | 69,271 | $ | 153,082 | $ | 130,201 | |||||
Adjusted interest expense | $ | 37,191 | $ | 47,841 | $ | 81,962 | $ | 91,100 | |||||
Adjusted net interest income ratios | |||||||||||||
Net interest margin | 5.2 | % | 2.4 | % | 4.6 | % | 2.3 | % | |||||
Average yield | 10.2 | % | 7.8 | % | 10.0 | % | 7.6 | % | |||||
Cost of funds | 5.1 | % | 6.2 | % | 5.5 | % | 6.0 | % | |||||
Net interest spread | 5.1 | % | 1.6 | % | 4.5 | % | 1.6 | % | |||||
Ratios including income from equity investments | |||||||||||||
Net interest margin | 4.7 | % | 3.6 | % | 4.5 | % | 3.4 | % | |||||
Average yield | 9.5 | % | 8.7 | % | 9.7 | % | 8.4 | % | |||||
Cost of funds | 5.1 | % | 6.2 | % | 5.5 | % | 6.0 | % | |||||
Net interest spread | 4.4 | % | 2.5 | % | 4.1 | % | 2.4 | % |
Other Expenses: Expenses other than interest expense consist primarily of management fees, incentive fees and general and administrative expenses. The table below summarizes those expenses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
For the three months ended June 30, | Variance | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Amount | % | ||||||||||
Management fee | $ | 2,961 | $ | 3,868 | $ | (907 | ) | (23.4 | )% | ||||
Incentive fee | 1,334 | 2,922 | (1,588 | ) | (54.3 | ) | |||||||
Incentive fee - stock based | 645 | 939 | (294 | ) | (31.3 | ) | |||||||
General and administrative expense | 1,866 | 1,519 | 347 | 22.8 | |||||||||
Total other expenses | $ | 6,806 | $ | 9,248 | (2,442 | ) | (26.4 | )% |
For the six months ended June 30, | Variance | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Amount | % | ||||||||||
Management fee | $ | 6,236 | $ | 7,388 | (1,152 | ) | (15.6 | )% | |||||
Incentive fee | 11,879 | 5,646 | 6,233 | 110.4 | |||||||||
Incentive fee - stock based | 1,044 | 1,648 | (604 | ) | (36.7 | ) | |||||||
General and administrative expense | 3,682 | 2,824 | 858 | 30.4 | |||||||||
Total other expenses | $ | 22,841 | $ | 17,506 | 5,335 | 30.5 | % |
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The Company’s amended Management Agreement includes a change in the quarterly base management fee from 0.50% of stockholders' equity for the quarter ended June 30, 2008 to 0.375% for the first $400 million in average total stockholders' equity, 0.3125% for the next $400 million of average total stockholders' equity and 0.25% for the average total stockholders' equity in excess of $800 million. The decrease in incentive fee - stock based of $294 and $604 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, respectively, is due to the decline in the market price of the Common Stock. The fee is based on the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of year end. The Company accrues the incentive fee - stock based expense each quarter based on the shares outstanding at the end of the quarter.
General and administrative expense is comprised of accounting agent fees, custodial agent fees, directors' fees and expenses, fees for professional services, insurance premiums, broken deal expenses, and due diligence costs. The increase in general and administrative expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 is primarily attributable to increased professional fees, insurance costs and director fees.
Other Gains (Losses): Upon the adoption of FAS 159 on January 1, 2008, the changes in the estimated fair value of the Company's available-for-sale securities, long-term liabilities, and certain interest swaps are recorded in earnings. The gain of $76,142 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 is comprised of realized losses of $(9,835) and unrealized losses on securities and swaps of $(320,279), offset by unrealized gains on liabilities of $406,257. Foreign currency gains (loss) were $(10,186) and $2,855 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007. Included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) was a $9,325 gain on foreign currency translation. As a result, the Company’s foreign currency exposure for the six months ended June 30, 2008 resulted in a net economic loss of $861. The losses on impairment of assets of $(4,098) for the six month period ended June 30, 2007 was related to the Company’s write down of certain CMBS as required by EITF 99-20.
Dividends Declared:
On March 12, 2008, the Company declared distributions to its holders of Common Stock of $0.30 per share, which were paid on April 30, 2008 to stockholders of record on March 31, 2008.
On May 15, 2008, the Company declared dividends to its holders of Common Stock of $0.31 per share, which were paid on July 31, 2008 to stockholders of record on June 30, 2008.
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Changes in Financial Condition
Securities held-for-trading: The Company's securities held-for-trading, which are carried at estimated fair value, included the following at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007:
U.S. dollar denominated securities | June 30, 2008 Estimated Fair Value | Percentage | December 31, 2007 Estimated Fair Value (1) | Percentage | |||||||||
Commercial mortgage-backed securities: | |||||||||||||
CMBS IOs | $ | 4,427 | 0.2 | % | $ | 15,915 | 0.7 | % | |||||
Investment grade CMBS | 694,844 | 36.5 | 766,996 | 33.6 | |||||||||
Non-investment grade rated subordinated securities | 456,261 | 24.0 | 630,139 | 27.6 | |||||||||
Non-rated subordinated securities | 85,804 | 4.5 | 110,481 | 4.8 | |||||||||
Credit tenant lease | 23,030 | 1.2 | 24,949 | 1.1 | |||||||||
Investment grade REIT debt | 205,846 | 10.8 | 246,095 | 10.8 | |||||||||
Multifamily agency securities | 357 | - | 37,123 | 1.6 | |||||||||
CDO investments | 35,573 | 1.9 | 49,630 | 2.2 | |||||||||
Total CMBS | 1,506,142 | 79.1 | 1,881,328 | 82.4 | |||||||||
Residential mortgage-backed securities: | |||||||||||||
Agency adjustable rate securities | - | - | 1,193 | 0.1 | |||||||||
Residential CMOs | 555 | - | 627 | - | |||||||||
Hybrid adjustable rate mortgages (“ARMs”) | 418 | - | 8,363 | 0.4 | |||||||||
Total RMBS | 973 | 0.1 | 10,183 | 0.5 | |||||||||
Total U.S. dollar denominated securities | $ | 1,507,115 | 79.2 | % | $ | 1,891,511 | 82.9 | % |
Non-U.S. dollar denominated securities | |||||||||||||
Commercial mortgage-backed securities: | |||||||||||||
Investment grade CMBS | $ | 173,407 | 9.1 | % | $ | 151,532 | 6.6 | % | |||||
Non-investment grade rated subordinated securities | 193,271 | 10.2 | 212,433 | 9.3 | |||||||||
Non-rated subordinated securities | 29,258 | 1.5 | 28,858 | 1.2 | |||||||||
Total Non-U.S. dollar denominated securities | 395,936 | 20.8 | 392,823 | 17.1 | |||||||||
Total securities | $ | 1,903,051 | 100.0 | % | $ | 2,284,334 | 100.0 | % |
(1) | Includes securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2007, reclassified to securities held-for-trading in the first quarter of 2008. |
During the first six months of 2008 the Company purchased $53,515 of non-U.S. dollar denominated securities in order to continue to increase geographic diversification of its portfolio. Also during the first six months of 2008, the Company sold the majority of its remaining multifamily agency securities and CMBS IOs to increase its liquidity position. In addition, the dislocation in the capital markets during the first quarter of 2008 caused CMBS spreads to widen significantly. This development resulted in a significant decline in the market value of the Company’s U.S. CMBS portfolio during the first quarter of 2008.
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Borrowings: At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company's debt consisted of credit facilities, CDOs, senior unsecured notes, senior convertible notes, junior unsecured notes, junior subordinated notes, reverse repurchase agreements, and commercial mortgage loans pools collateralized by a pledge of most of the Company's commercial real estate assets. The Company's financial flexibility is affected by its ability to renew or replace on a continuous basis its maturing short-term borrowings. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had obtained financing in amounts and at interest rates consistent with the Company's short-term financing objectives.
Under the credit facilities and reverse repurchase agreements the lenders retain the right to mark the underlying collateral to estimated fair value. A reduction in the value of pledged assets would require the Company to provide additional collateral or fund margin calls. From time to time, the Company expects that it will be required to provide such additional collateral or fund margin calls.
The following table sets forth information regarding the Company's borrowings:
June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||
Market Value | Adjusted Issuance Price | Maximum Balance | Range of Maturities | ||||||||||
CDO debt* | $ | 1,252,224 | $ | 1,810,258 | $ | 1,832,454 | 3.6 to 6.7 years | ||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools | 1,207,151 | 1,207,151 | 1,207,151 | 199 to 10.5 years | |||||||||
Credit facilities | 610,317 | 610,317 | 687,293 | 79 to 538 days | |||||||||
Senior convertible notes | 71,160 | 80,000 | 80,000 | 19.18 years | |||||||||
Senior unsecured notes** | 85,204 | 162,500 | 162,500 | 8.82 years | |||||||||
Junior unsecured notes | 35,611 | 78,777 | 78,777 | 13.84 years | |||||||||
Junior subordinated notes*** | 72,829 | 180,477 | 180,477 | 27.61 years | |||||||||
Total | $ | 3,334,496 | $ | 4,129,480 |
* Disclosed as adjusted issue price. Total par of the Company’s CDO debt at June 30, 2008 was $1,395,101.
** The senior unsecured notes can be redeemed at par by the Company beginning April 2012.
*** The junior subordinated notes can be redeemed at par by the Company beginning in October 2010.
The table above does not include interest payments on the Company’s borrowings. Disclosure of interest payments has been omitted because certain borrowings require variable rate interest payments. The Company’s total interest payments for the six months ended June 30, 2008 were $108,769.
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At June 30, 2008, the Company's borrowings had the following weighted average yields and range of interest rates and yields:
Lines of Credit | Collateralized Debt Obligations | Commercial Mortgage Loan Pools | Junior Subordinated Notes | Senior Unsecured Notes | Junior Unsecured Notes | Convertible Debt | Total Borrowings | ||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average yield Interest Rate | 4.92 | % | 5.71 | % | 4.00 | % | 7.64 | % | 7.59 | % | 6.56 | % | 11.75 | % | 5.39 | % | |||||||||
Fixed | - | % | 6.79 | % | 4.00 | % | 7.64 | % | 7.59 | % | 6.56 | % | 11.75 | % | 6.16 | % | |||||||||
Floating | 4.92 | % | 3.54 | % | - | % | - | % | - | % | - | % | - | % | 3.89 | % | |||||||||
Effective Yield | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed | - | % | 7.23 | % | 4.00 | % | 7.64 | % | 7.59 | % | 6.56 | % | 11.75 | % | 6.43 | % | |||||||||
Floating | 4.92 | % | 3.54 | % | - | % | - | % | - | % | - | % | - | % | 3.89 | % |
Hedging Instruments: The Company may modify its exposure to market interest rates by entering into various financial instruments that adjust portfolio duration. These financial instruments are intended to mitigate the effect of changes in interest and foreign exchange rates on the value of the Company's liabilities and the cost of borrowing.
Interest rate hedging instruments at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 consisted of the following:
At June 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||
Notional Value | Estimated Fair Value | Unamortized Cost | Average Remaining Term (years) | ||||||||||
Cash flow hedges | $ | 99,260 | $ | 1,702 | $ | (1,612 | ) | 3.5 | |||||
Trading swaps | 97,039 | (1,829 | ) | - | 2.9 | ||||||||
CDO trading swaps | 1,141,716 | (22,838 | ) | - | 5.4 | ||||||||
CDO LIBOR cap | 85,000 | 260 | 1,407 | 4.9 |
At December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||
Notional Value | Estimated Fair Value | Unamortized Cost | Average Remaining Term (years) | ||||||||||
Cash flow hedges | $ | 231,500 | $ | (12,646 | ) | $ | (1,612 | ) | 6.7 | ||||
CDO cash flow hedges | 875,548 | (25,410 | ) | - | 6.2 | ||||||||
Trading swaps | 1,218,619 | (1,296 | ) | - | 4.2 | ||||||||
CDO trading swaps | 279,527 | 5 | - | 4.7 | |||||||||
CDO LIBOR cap | 85,000 | 195 | 1,407 | 5.4 |
Foreign currency agreements at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 consisted of the following:
At June 30, 2008 | ||||||||||
Estimated Fair Value | Unamortized Cost | Average Remaining Term | ||||||||
Currency swaps | $ | (22,181 | ) | - | 8.1 years | |||||
CDO currency swaps | 18,554 | - | 9.4 years | |||||||
Forwards | (1,316 | ) | - | 23 days |
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At December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||
Estimated Fair Value | Unamortized Cost | Average Remaining Term | ||||||||
Currency swaps | $ | (12,060 | ) | - | 8.6 years | |||||
CDO currency swaps | 9,967 | - | 9.9 years | |||||||
Forwards | 4,041 | - | 23 days |
Capital Resources and Liquidity
The ongoing weaknesses in the subprime mortgage sector and in the broader mortgage market have resulted in reduced liquidity for mortgage-backed securities. Although this reduction in liquidity was originally linked to subprime residential assets, to which the Company continues to have no direct exposure, there has been an overall reduction in liquidity across the credit spectrum of commercial and residential mortgage products. The Company received and funded margin calls totaling $82,570 during 2007 and an additional $120,619 from January 1, 2008 through August 8, 2008, $35,708 of which occurred since April 1, 2008. The Company's ability to maintain adequate liquidity is dependent on several factors, many of which are outside of the Company's control, including the Company's continued access to credit facilities (including repurchase agreements) on acceptable terms, the Company's compliance with REIT distribution requirements, the timing and amount of margin calls by lenders that are dependent on the valuation of the Company's investments and credit risk of the underlying collateral.
The aforementioned factors could adversely affect one or more of the Company's credit facilities (including repurchase agreement) counterparties which provide funding for the Company's portfolio or could cause one or more of the Company's counterparties to be unwilling or unable to provide the Company with additional financing or to extend current credit facilities on the maturity date. If one or more of the Company's counterparties were unwilling or unable to provide the Company with additional financing and the Company were unable to replace such facilities, the Company’s liquidity would be reduced, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and business. The Company could be forced to sell its investments at a time when prices are depressed, which could adversely affect the Company's ability to comply with REIT asset and income tests and maintain its qualification as a REIT.
If one or more major market participants that provides financing for mortgage-backed or other fixed income securities fails or decides to withdraw from the market, it could negatively affect the marketability of all fixed income securities, including the value of the securities in the Company's portfolio, thus reducing the Company's net book value. In addition, distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Code limit the Company's ability to retain earnings and thereby replenish or increase capital for its operations.
In addition, the Company's liquidity also may be adversely affected by margin calls under the Company's credit facilities (including repurchase agreements) that are dependent in part on the valuation of the collateral to secure the financing. The Company's credit facilities allow the lender, to varying degrees, to revalue the collateral to values that the lender considers to reflect market value. If a counterparty determines that the value of the collateral has decreased, it may initiate a margin call requiring the Company to post additional collateral to cover the decrease. When subject to such a margin call, the Company repays a portion of the outstanding borrowing with minimal notice. The Company has hedged a certain amount of its liabilities to offset market value declines due to changes in interest rates, but is exposed to market value fluctuations due to spread widening. A significant increase in margin calls as a result of the widening of credit spreads could harm the Company's liquidity, results of operations, financial condition and business prospects. Additionally, in order to obtain cash to satisfy a margin call, the Company may be required to liquidate assets at a disadvantageous time, which could cause the Company to incur further losses and consequently adversely affect its results of operations and financial condition.
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To date, the credit performance of the Company's investments remains consistent both with the Company's expectations and with the broader commercial real estate finance industry experience; nevertheless, during the first six months of 2008, the capital markets have been marking down the value of all credit-sensitive securities regardless of performance. The Company believes it has sufficient sources of liquidity to fund operations for the next twelve months.
During the first six months of 2008, the Company raised $19,253 of capital by issuing common shares under its sales agency agreement. Through August 8, 2008, the Company raised an additional $4,103 under the sales agency agreement. On April 4, 2008, in a privately negotiated transaction, the Company issued $70,125 of Series E Preferred Stock and 3,494,021 shares of Common Stock, resulting in combined net proceeds of $93,425. The Company repaid $52,500 of its loan from HoldCo 2 on April 8, 2008. On July 28, 2008, the Company subsequently reborrowed $30,000 from HoldCo 2.
In the event of a further reduction in market liquidity, the Company’s short-term (one year or less) liquidity needs will be met primarily with $38,684 of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents held as of June 30, 2008 as well as future common stock issuances under the Company’s sales agency agreement, and $30,000 of unused borrowing capacity from HoldCo 2.
The Company's ability to meet its long-term (greater than twelve months) liquidity requirements is subject to obtaining additional long-term debt and equity financing. Any decision by the Company's lenders and investors to provide the Company with financing will depend upon a number of factors, such as the Company's compliance with the terms of its existing credit arrangements, the Company's financial performance, industry or market trends, the general availability of and rates applicable to financing transactions, such lenders' and investors' resources and policies concerning the terms under which they make capital commitments and the relative attractiveness of alternative investment or lending opportunities.
Certain information with respect to the Company's borrowings at June 30, 2008 is summarized as follows:
Borrowing Type | Market Value of Borrowings | Adjusted Issue Price of Borrowings | Weighted Average Borrowing Rate | Weighted Average Remaining Maturity | Estimated Fair Value of Assets Pledged | |||||||||||
Credit facilities (1) | $ | 610,317 | $ | 610,317 | 4.92 | % | 323 days | $ | 858,382 | |||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools | 1,207,151 | 1,207,151 | 4.00 | % | 4.42 years | 1,229,442 | ||||||||||
CDOs (2) | 1,252,224 | 1,810,258 | 5.71 | % | 5.13 years | 1,854,758 | ||||||||||
Senior unsecured notes (2) | 85,204 | 162,500 | 7.59 | % | 8.82 years | |||||||||||
Junior unsecured notes (2) | 35,611 | 78,777 | 6.56 | % | 13.84 years | |||||||||||
Senior convertible notes (2) | 71,160 | 80,000 | 11.75 | % | 19.18 years | |||||||||||
Junior subordinated notes (2) | 72,829 | 180,477 | 7.64 | % | 27.61 years | |||||||||||
Total Borrowings | $ | 3,334,496 | $ | 4,129,480 | 5.39 | % | 5.86 years | $ | 3,942,582 |
(1) | Includes $4,758 of borrowings under facilities related to commercial mortgage loan pools. |
(2) | As a result of the adoption of FAS 159 on January 1, 2008, the Company records the above liabilities at fair value. Changes in fair value are recorded in unrealized gain on liabilities on the consolidated statement of operations. For the six months ended June 30, 2008, $406,527 was recorded as a result of a reduction in the fair value of such liabilities. |
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At June 30, 2008, the Company's borrowings had the following remaining maturities:
Borrowing Type | Within 30 days | 31 to 59 days | 60 days to less than 1 year | 1 year to 3 years | 3 years to 5 years | Over 5 years | Total | |||||||||||||||
Credit facilities | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 439,474 | $ | 170,843 | $ | - | $ | - | $ | 610,317 | ||||||||
Commercial mortgage loan pools(1) | - | 2,120 | 343,333 | 103,903 | 40,119 | 717,676 | 1,207,151 | |||||||||||||||
CDOs(1) | 397 | 694 | 45,144 | 172,900 | 736,650 | 854,473 | 1,810,258 | |||||||||||||||
Junior unsecured notes | - | - | - | - | - | 162,500 | 162,500 | |||||||||||||||
Senior unsecured notes | - | - | - | - | - | 78,777 | 78,777 | |||||||||||||||
Senior convertible notes | - | - | - | - | - | 80,000 | 80,000 | |||||||||||||||
Junior subordinated notes | - | - | - | - | - | 180,477 | 180,477 | |||||||||||||||
Total Borrowings | 397 | 2,814 | 827,951 | 447,646 | 776,769 | 2,073,903 | 4,129,480 |
(1) | Commercial mortgage loan pools and CDOs are non-recourse borrowings and payments for these borrowings are supported solely by the cash flows from the assets in these structures. |
Credit Facilities and Reverse Repurchase Agreements
The Company is subject to financial covenants in its credit facilities. For the quarter ended June 30, 2008, the Company is not aware of any instances of non-compliance with these covenants.
On December 28, 2007, the Company received a waiver from its compliance with the tangible net worth covenant at December 31, 2007 from Bank of America, N.A., the lender under a $100,000 multicurrency secured credit facility. Without the waiver, the Company would have been required to maintain tangible net worth of at least $520,416 at December 31, 2007 pursuant to the covenant. On January 25, 2008, this lender agreed to amend the covenant so that the Company would be required to maintain tangible net worth at the end of each fiscal quarter of not less than the sum of (i) $400,000 plus (ii) an amount equal to 75% of any equity proceeds received by the Company on or after July 20, 2007.
On February 15, 2008, Morgan Stanley Bank extended its $300,000 non-USD facility until February 7, 2009. In connection with the extension, certain financial covenants were added or modified so that: (i) the Company is required to have a minimum debt service coverage ratio (as defined in the related guaranty) of 1.4 to 1.0 for any calendar quarter, (ii) on any date, the Company's tangible net worth shall not decline 20% or more from its tangible net worth as of the last business day in the third month preceding such date, (iii) on any date, the Company's tangible net worth shall not decline 40% or more from its tangible net worth as of the last business day in the twelfth month preceding such date, (iv) on any date, the Company's tangible net worth shall not be less than the sum of $400,000 plus 75% of any equity offering proceeds received from and after February 15, 2008, (v) at all times, the ratio of the Company's total indebtedness to tangible net worth shall not be greater than 3:1, (vi) on any date the Company's liquid assets (as defined in the related guaranty) shall not at any time be less than 5% of its mark-to-market indebtedness (mark-to-market indebtedness is defined under the related guaranty generally to mean short-term liabilities that have a margin call feature) and (vii) cumulative income cannot be less than one dollar for two consecutive quarters.
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On July 8, 2008, Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch, extended its multicurrency repurchase agreement until July 8, 2010. In connection with the extension, certain financial covenants were added or modified to conform to the covenants in the Morgan Stanley Bank facility described above. In addition, the Company separately agreed with Deutsche Bank AG, Cayman Islands Branch, that to the extent the Company from time to time agrees to covenants that are more restrictive than those in the Deutsche Bank agreement, the covenants in the Deutsche Bank agreement will automatically be deemed to be modified to match the restrictions in such more restrictive covenants, subject to limited exceptions. The amended agreement also provides that the Company’s failure (1) to procure an extension of any of its existing facilities with Bank of America, N.A. and Morgan Stanley Bank as of the 15th day before the maturity date of such facility or (2) to demonstrate to the satisfaction of Deutsche Bank that it is negotiating a bona fide commitment to extend or replace such facility as of the 30th day before the maturity date, would constitute an event of default under such agreement; however, any such failure would not be deemed to constitute an event of default if the Company demonstrates to the satisfaction of Deutsche Bank that it has sufficient liquid assets, as defined under such agreement, to pay down such the multicurrency repurchase agreement when due. At the time of the extension, total borrowings outstanding under the Deutsche Bank agreement were $110,104. Under the terms of the extension agreements, no additional borrowings are permitted under the facility. In addition, monthly amortization payments of approximately $2,000 per month are required under the facility.
On August 7, 2008, Bank of America, N.A. extended its USD and non-USD facilities until September 18, 2010. In connection with the extension, certain financial covenants were added or modified to conform to more restrictive covenants contained in other credit facilities. Also in connection with the extension, the Company is required to make (i) amortization payments totaling $31,000 on various dates through September 30, 2008 and (ii) monthly payments of $2,250 commencing October 15, 2008 until March 15, 2010 under the non-USD facility and $2,250 per month commencing April 15, 2010 and ending at maturity under the USD facility.
On February 29, 2008, the Company entered into a binding loan commitment letter (the "Commitment Letter") with BlackRock HoldCo 2, Inc. ("HoldCo 2"), pursuant to the terms of which HoldCo 2 or its affiliates (together, the "Lender") committed to provide a revolving credit loan facility (the "Facility") to the Company for general working capital purposes. HoldCo 2 is a wholly owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc., the parent of BlackRock Financial Management, Inc., the Manager of the Company.
On March 7, 2008, the Company and HoldCo 2 entered into the Facility. The Facility has a term of 364 days with two 364-day extension periods, subject to the Lender's approval. The Facility is collateralized by a pledge of equity shares that the Company holds in Carbon II. The principal amount of the Facility is the lesser of $60,000 or a number determined in accordance with a borrowing base calculation equal to 60% of the value of the shares of Carbon II that are pledged to secure the Facility.
The facility bears interest at a variable rate equal to LIBOR plus 2.5%. The fee letter, dated February 29, 2008, between the Company and HoldCo 2, sets forth certain terms with respect to fees.
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Amounts borrowed under the Facility may be repaid and reborrowed from time to time. The Company, however, has agreed to use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain other financing to replace the Facility and reduce the outstanding balance.
The terms of the Facility gives the Lender the option to purchase from the Company the shares of Carbon II that serve as collateral for the Facility, up to the Facility commitment amount, at a price equal to the fair market value (as determined by the terms of the credit agreement) of those shares, unless the Company elects to prepay outstanding loans under the Facility in an amount equal to the Lender's desired share purchase amount and reduce the Facility's commitment amount accordingly, which may require termination of the Facility. If any loans are outstanding at the time of such purchase, the share purchase amount shall be reduced by the amount, and applied towards the repayment of all outstanding loans (and the reduction of the Facility's commitment amount) in the same manner as if the Company had prepaid such loans, and the balance of the share purchase amount available after such repayment, if any, shall be paid to the Company.
On April 8, 2008, the Company repaid $52,500 to HoldCo 2, representing all then-outstanding borrowings under the facility. On July 28, 2008, the Company reborrowed $30,000 under the facility.
Preferred Equity Issuance
On April 4, 2008, the Company issued $70,125 of Series E Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock. Net proceeds were $69,866. Dividends are payable on the three new series of convertible preferred stock at a 12% coupon and the holder has the right to convert the preferred stock into common stock at $7.49 per share (a 12% premium to the closing price of the Company's common stock on March 28, 2008, the pricing date).
Holders of the Series E-1 and E-2 preferred stock have the right to require the Company to repurchase their shares for cash equal to the liquidation preference per share. The Series E-1 preferred stock repurchase date is April 4, 2012 and the Series E-2 repurchase date is April 4, 2013.
On June 20, 2008, the holder of the outstanding 12% Series E-3 Cumulative Convertible Redeemable Preferred Stock exercised its right to convert its shares into 3,119,661 shares of common stock.
The holder is a subsidiary of a fund managed by an affiliate of Credit Suisse.
Common Equity Issuances
In conjunction with the Company’s issuance of the Series E Preferred Stock on April 4, 2008, the Company also issued 3,494,021 shares of Common Stock, resulting in net proceeds of $23,286.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company issued 89,301 shares of Common Stock under its Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan (the "Dividend Reinvestment Plan"). Net proceeds to the Company under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan were approximately $675.
For the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company issued 2,601,338 shares of Common Stock under a sales agency agreement with Brinson Patrick Securities Corporation. Net proceeds to the Company were approximately $19,253.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
The Company's ownership of the subordinated classes of CMBS from a single issuer gives it the right to influence the foreclosure/workout process on the underlying loans ("Controlling Class CMBS"). FASB Staff Position FIN 46(R)-5, Implicit Variable Interests under FASB Interpretation No. 46 ("FIN 46(R)-5") has certain scope exceptions, one of which provides that an enterprise that holds a variable interest in a QSPE does not consolidate that entity unless that enterprise has the unilateral ability to cause the entity to liquidate. FAS 140 provides the requirements for an entity to be considered a QSPE. To maintain the QSPE exception, the trust must continue to meet the QSPE criteria both initially and in subsequent periods. A trust's QSPE status can be impacted in future periods by activities by its transferors or other involved parties, including the manner in which certain servicing activities are performed. To the extent its CMBS investments were issued by a trust that meets the requirements to be considered a QSPE, the Company records the investments at the purchase price paid. To the extent the underlying trusts are not QSPEs, the Company follows the guidance set forth in FIN 46(R)-5 as the trusts would be considered VIEs.
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At June 30, 2008 the Company owned securities of 39 Controlling Class CMBS trusts with a par of $1,858,015. The total par amount of CMBS issued by the 39 trusts was $67,618,949. One of the Company's 39 Controlling Class trusts does not qualify as a QSPE and has been consolidated by the Company (see Note 6 of the consolidated financial statements).
The Company's maximum exposure to loss as a result of its investment in these QSPEs totaled $1,130,541 and $1,126,442 at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, respectively.
In addition, the Company has completed two securitizations that qualify as QSPEs under FAS 140. Through CDO HY1 and CDO HY2 the Company issued non-recourse liabilities secured by commercial related assets including portions of 17 Controlling Class CMBS. Should future guidance from the standard setters determine that Controlling Class CMBS are not QSPEs, the Company would be required to consolidate the assets, liabilities, income and expense of CDO HY1 and CDO HY2.
The Company's total maximum exposure to loss as a result of its investment in CDO HY1 and CDO HY2 at June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007 was $59,561 and $61,206, respectively.
The Company also owns non-investment grade debt and preferred securities in LEAFs CMBS I Ltd ("Leaf"), a QSPE under FAS 140. Leaf issued non-recourse liabilities secured by investment grade commercial real estate securities. At June 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company's total maximum exposure to loss as a result of its investment in Leaf was $5,980 and $6,264, respectively.
Cash Flows
Cash provided by operating activities is net income adjusted for certain non-cash items and changes in operating assets and liabilities including the Company's trading securities. Operating activities used cash flows of $54,344 and provided cash flow of $159,608 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Operating cash flow is affected by the purchase and sale of fixed income securities classified as trading securities. Proceeds received from the sale and repayment of trading securities also increases operating cash flows. Net cash from trading securities was an outflow of $48,922 and an inflow of $132,870 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Also, during the first six months of 2008, the company terminated interest rate swaps which resulted in an outflow of $17,107, while during the same period of 2007, it was an inflow of $7,412.
Net cash provided by investing activities consists primarily of purchases, sales, and repayments on securities, commercial loan pools, commercial mortgage loans and equity investments. The Company's investing activities provided cash flows of $126,614 and used cash flows of $514,248 during the six months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The variance in investing cash flows is primarily attributable to purchases of securities and funding of commercial mortgage loans. During the six months ended June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007, net cash used to fund commercial loans was $2,286 and $574,980, respectively. Purchases of securities during the six months ended June 30, 2008 of $53,515 are classified as operating activities due to the adoption of FAS 159, versus purchases of securities during the six months ended June 30, 2007 of which $215,210 were classified as investing activities prior to the adoption of FAS 159.
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Net cash from financing activities was an outflow of $127,935 for the six months ended June 30, 2008 versus a cash inflow of $392,797 for the six months ended June 30, 2007, respectively, primarily due to margin calls on reverse repurchase agreements and credit facilities during the first quarter of 2008, net of preferred and common stock issuances. During the six months ended June 30, 2008 and June 30, 2007, net cash provided by the issuances of common and preferred stock was $113,079 and $149,564, respectively. Also, during the six months ended June 30, 2007, the company issued senior unsecured notes and junior secured notes which raised $150,459 of cash in the aggregate.
Transactions with the Manager and Certain Other Parties
The Company has a Management Agreement, an administrative services agreement and an accounting services agreement with the Manager, the employer of certain directors and all of the officers of the Company, under which the Manager and the Company’s officers manage the Company’s day-to-day investment operations, subject to the direction and oversight of the Company’s Board of Directors. Pursuant to the Management Agreement and other agreements, the Manager and the Company’s officers formulate investment strategies, arrange for the acquisition of assets, arrange for financing, monitor the performance of the Company’s assets and provide certain other advisory, administrative and managerial services in connection with the operations of the Company.
On March 31, 2008, the Company’s unaffiliated directors approved an amended investment advisory agreement with the Manager. The amended Management Agreement will expire on March 31, 2009, unless extended. For the full one-year term of the renewed contract, the Manager has agreed to receive 100% of the management fee and any incentive fee in the Company's Common Stock. The stock issued to the Manager under this plan will be restricted from sale until six months after it is received.
Other significant changes pursuant to the amended Management Agreement include a reduction in the quarterly base management fee from 0.5000% of stockholders' equity to 0.3750% for the first $400 million in average total stockholders' equity; 0.3125% for the next $400 million of average total stockholders' equity and 0.2500% for the average total stockholders' equity in excess of $800 million. Under the terms of the prior Management Agreement, the Company paid the Manager a base management fee equal to 0.5% of the quarterly average total stockholders’ equity for the applicable quarter. The amended Management Agreement continues to provide that the Company will grant the Manager Common Stock equal to one-half of one percent (0.5%) of the total number of shares of the Company's Common Stock outstanding as of a specified date in the fourth quarter of each year.
The amended Management Agreement also provides for the Manager to receive a quarterly incentive fee equal to 25% of the amount by which the applicable quarter’s Operating Earnings (as defined in the Management Agreement) of the Company (before incentive fee) plus realized gains, net foreign currency gains and decreases in expense associated with reversals of credit impairments on commercial mortgage loans; less realized losses, net foreign currency losses and increases in expense associated with credit impairments on commercial mortgage loans exceeds the weighted average issue price per share of the Company's Common Stock ($11.21 per common share at June 30, 2008) multiplied by the ten-year Treasury note rate plus 4.0% per annum (expressed as a quarterly percentage), multiplied by the weighted average number of shares of the Company's Common Stock outstanding during the applicable quarterly period. The Management Agreement continues to provide that the incentive fee payable to the Manager shall be subject to a rolling four-quarter high watermark.
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Under the terms of the prior Management Agreement, the Manager was entitled to receive an incentive fee under the Management Agreement equal to 25% of the amount by which the rolling four-quarter GAAP net income before the incentive fee exceeded the greater of 8.5% or 400 basis points over the ten-year Treasury note multiplied by the adjusted per share issue price of the Company’s Common Stock. Additionally, up to 30% of the incentive fees earned in 2007 or after was paid in shares of the Company’s Common Stock subject to certain provisions under a compensatory deferred stock plan approved by the stockholders of the Company in 2007. The Board of Directors also authorized a stock based incentive plan where one-half of one percent of common shares outstanding as of December 31st is paid to the Manager.
The following is a summary of management and incentive fees incurred for the three months ended June 30, 2008 and 2007:
For the Three Months Ended June 30, | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Management fee | $ | 2,961 | $ | 3,868 | $ | 6,236 | $ | 7,388 | |||||
Incentive fee | 1,334 | 2,922 | 11,879 | 5,646 | |||||||||
Incentive fee - stock based | 645 | 939 | 1,044 | 1,648 | |||||||||
Total management and incentive fees | $ | 4,940 | $ | 7,729 | $ | 19,159 | $ | 14,682 |
At June 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, management and incentive fees of $14,182 and $7,308 remain payable to the Manager and are included on the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition as a component of other liabilities.
In accordance with the provisions of the Management Agreement, the Company recorded reimbursements to the Manager of $125 and $250 for certain expenses incurred on behalf of the Company during the three and six months ended June 30, 2008 and $117 and $235 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, respectively.
The Company also has administration and accounting services agreements with the Manager. Under the terms of the administration services agreement, the Manager provides financial reporting, audit coordination and accounting oversight services to the Company. Under the terms of the accounting services agreement, the Manager provides investment accounting services to the Company. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company recorded administration and investment accounting service fees of $255 and $510, respectively, which are included in general and administrative expense on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2007, the Company recorded administration and investment accounting service fees of $363 and $410, respectively, which are included in general and administrative expense on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
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The special servicer on 33 of the Company's 39 Controlling Class trusts is Midland Loan Services, Inc. ("Midland"), a wholly owned indirect subsidiary of PNC Bank. Midland therefore may be presumed to be an affiliate of the Manager. The Company's fees for Midland’s services are at market rates.
On March 7, 2008, the Company entered into a $60,000 credit facility with a subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc. BlackRock, Inc. is the parent of the Company’s manager, BlackRock Financial Management, Inc. The facility has a term of 364 days with two 364-day extension periods, subject to lender approval. The facility is collateralized by a pledge of the Company’s investment in Carbon II and gives the lender the option to purchase the Carbon II investment at fair market value (as determined by the terms of the agreement) from the Company. On April 8, 2008, the Company repaid $52,500 to HoldCo 2, representing all then-outstanding borrowings under the facility. On July 28, 2008, the Company reborrowed $30,000 under the facility.
During 2001, the Company entered into a $50,000 commitment to acquire shares of Carbon I, a private commercial real estate income opportunity fund managed by the Manager. The Company’s investment in Carbon I at June 30, 2008 was $1,707. The Company does not incur any additional management or incentive fees to the Manager related to its investment in Carbon I. On June 30, 2008, the Company owned approximately 20% of the outstanding shares of Carbon I.
The Company entered into an aggregate commitment of $100,000 to acquire shares of Carbon II, a private commercial real estate income opportunity fund managed by the Manager. The Company’s investment in Carbon II at June 30, 2008 was $95,258. The Company does not incur any additional management or incentive fees to the Manager related to its investment in Carbon II. On June 30, 2008, the Company owned approximately 26% of the outstanding shares of Carbon II.
REIT Status: The Company has elected to be taxed as a REIT and therefore must comply with the provisions of the Code with respect thereto. Accordingly, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax to the extent of its distributions to stockholders and as long as certain asset, income and stock ownership tests are met. The Company may, however, be subject to tax at corporate rates or at excise tax rates on net income or capital gains not distributed.
Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries have elected to be treated as taxable REIT subsidiaries. This election permits the subsidiaries to enter into activities related to foreign investments that may not have constituted qualifying assets generating qualifying income for the REIT tests.
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ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
Market Risk: Market risk includes the exposure to loss resulting from changes in interest rates, credit curve spreads, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. The primary market risks to which the Company is exposed are interest rate risk, credit curve spread risk and foreign currency risk. Interest rate risk is highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental, monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors beyond the control of the Company. Credit curve spread risk is highly sensitive to the dynamics of the markets for commercial real estate securities and other loans and securities held by the Company. Excessive supply of these assets combined with reduced demand will cause the market to require a higher yield. This demand for higher yield will cause the market to use a higher spread over the U.S. Treasury securities yield curve, or other benchmark interest rates, to value these assets. Changes in the general level of the U.S. Treasury yield curve can have significant effects on the estimated fair value of the Company's portfolio.
The majority of the Company's assets are fixed rate securities valued based on a market credit spread to U.S. Treasury securities. As U.S. Treasury securities are priced to a higher yield and/or the spread to U.S. Treasuries used to price the Company's assets is increased, the estimated fair value of the Company's portfolio may decline. Conversely, as U.S. Treasury securities are priced to a lower yield and/or the spread to U.S. Treasuries used to price the Company's assets is decreased, the estimated fair value of the Company's portfolio may increase. Changes in the estimated fair value of the Company's portfolio may affect the Company's net income or cash flow directly through their impact on unrealized gains or losses on securities held-for-trading or indirectly through their impact on the Company's ability to borrow. Changes in the level of the U.S. Treasury yield curve can also affect, among other things, the prepayment assumptions used to value certain of the Company's securities and the Company's ability to realize gains from the sale of such assets. In addition, changes in the general level of the LIBOR money market rates can affect the Company's net interest income. At June 30, 2008, all of the Company's short-term collateralized liabilities outside of the CDOs are floating rate based on a market spread to LIBOR. As the level of LIBOR increases or decreases, the Company's interest expense will move in the same direction.
The Company may utilize a variety of financial instruments, including interest rate swaps, caps, floors and other interest rate exchange contracts, in order to limit the effects of fluctuations in interest rates on its operations. The use of these types of derivatives to hedge interest-earning assets and/or interest-bearing liabilities carries certain risks, including the risk that losses on a hedge position will reduce the funds available for payments to holders of securities and that such losses may exceed the amount invested in such instruments. A hedge may not perform its intended purpose of offsetting losses or rising interest rates. Moreover, with respect to certain of the instruments used as hedges, the Company is exposed to the risk that the counterparties with which the Company trades may cease making markets and quoting prices in such instruments, which may render the Company unable to enter into an offsetting transaction with respect to an open position. If the Company anticipates that the income from any such hedging transaction will not be qualifying income for REIT income purposes, the Company may conduct part or all of its hedging activities through a to-be-formed corporate subsidiary that is fully subject to federal corporate income taxation. The profitability of the Company may be adversely affected during any period as a result of changing interest rates.
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The Company monitors and manages interest rate risk based on a method that takes into consideration the interest rate sensitivity of the Company's assets and liabilities, including preferred stock. The Company's objective is to acquire assets and match fund the purchase so that interest rate risk associated with financing these assets is reduced or eliminated. A cash flow based CDO is an example of a secured financing vehicle that does not require a mark-to-market to establish or maintain a level of financing. The primary risks associated with acquiring and financing assets under reverse repurchase agreements and committed borrowing facilities are mark-to-market risk and short-term rate risk. Certain secured financing arrangements provide for an advance rate based upon a percentage of the estimated fair value of the asset being financed. Market movements that cause asset values to decline would require a margin call or a cash payment to maintain the relationship between asset value and amount borrowed. When financed assets are subject to a mark-to-market margin call, the Company carefully monitors the interest rate sensitivity of those assets. The duration of the assets financed which are subject to a mark-to-market margin call was 1.9 years based on net asset value at June 30, 2008. This means that a 100 basis point increase in interest rates would cause a margin call of approximately $17,000.
The Company also focuses on economic risk in managing its sensitivity to interest rates and maintains an economic duration within a band of 2.0 to 5.0 years. At June 30, 2008, economic duration for the Company's entire portfolio was 2.9 years. This implies that for each 100 basis points of change in interest rates the Company's economic value will change by approximately 2.9%, or $27,000. However, the duration of the Company’s portfolio not financed with match funded debt is 1.9 years. This means that a 100 basis point increase in interest rates or credit spreads would cause a margin call of approximately $17,000.
Net interest income sensitivity to changes in interest rates is analyzed using the assumptions that interest rates, as defined by the LIBOR curve, increase or decrease and that the yield curves of the LIBOR rate shocks will be parallel to each other.
Regarding the table below, all changes in net interest income are measured as percentage changes from the respective values calculated in the scenario labeled as “Base Case.” The base interest rate scenario assumes interest rates at June 30, 2008. Actual results could differ significantly from these estimates.
Projected Percentage Change In Net Interest Income Per Share Given LIBOR Movements | ||||
Change in LIBOR, +/- Basis Points | Projected Change in Earnings per Share | |||
-200 | $ | 0.02 | ||
-100 | $ | 0.01 | ||
-50 | $ | 0.00 | ||
Base Case | ||||
+50 | $ | (0.00 | ) | |
+100 | $ | (0.01 | ) | |
+200 | $ | (0.02 | ) |
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Credit Risk: The Company's portfolios of commercial real estate assets are subject to a high degree of credit risk. Credit risk is the exposure to loss from loan defaults. Default rates are subject to a wide variety of factors, including, but not limited to, property performance, property management, supply/demand factors, construction trends, consumer behavior, regional economics, interest rates, the strength of the U.S. economy, and other factors beyond the control of the Company.
All loans are subject to a certain probability of default. Before acquiring a Controlling Class security, the Company will perform an analysis of the quality of all of the loans proposed. As a result of this analysis, loans with unacceptable risk profiles are either removed from the proposed pool or the Company receives a price adjustment. The Company underwrites its Controlling Class CMBS investments assuming the underlying loans will suffer a certain dollar amount of defaults and these defaults will lead to some level of realized losses. Loss adjusted yields are computed based on these assumptions and applied to each class of security supported by the cash flow on the underlying loans. The most significant variables affecting loss adjusted yields include, but are not limited to, the number of defaults, the severity of loss that occurs subsequent to a default and the timing of the actual loss. The different rating levels of CMBS will react differently to changes in these assumptions. The yields on higher rated securities (B or higher) are generally sensitive to changes in timing of projected losses and prepayments rather than the severity of the losses themselves. The yields on the lowest rated securities (B- or lower) are more sensitive to the severity of losses and the resulting impact on future cash flows.
The Company generally assumes that all of the principal of a non-rated security and a significant portion, if not all, of CCC and a portion of B- rated securities will not be recoverable over time. The loss adjusted yields of these classes reflect that assumption; therefore, the timing of when the total loss of principal occurs is the most important assumption in determining value. The interest coupon generated by a security will cease when there is a total loss of its principal. Therefore, timing is of paramount importance because the longer the principal balance remains outstanding, the more interest coupon the holder receives: which results in a larger economic return. Alternatively, if principal is lost faster than originally assumed, there is less opportunity to receive interest coupon: which results in a lower or possibly negative return.
If actual principal losses on the underlying loans exceed estimated loss assumptions, the higher rated securities will be affected more significantly as a loss of principal may not have been assumed. The Company generally assumes that all principal will be recovered by classes rated B or higher. The Company manages credit risk through the underwriting process, establishing loss assumptions and careful monitoring of loan performance. After the securities have been acquired, the Company monitors the performance of the loans, as well as external factors that may affect their value.
Factors that indicate a higher loss severity or acceleration of the timing of an expected loss will cause a reduction in the expected yield and therefore reduce the earnings of the Company. For purposes of illustration, a doubling of the losses in the Company's Controlling Class CMBS, without a significant acceleration of those losses, would reduce GAAP income by approximately $0.57 per share of Common Stock per year. A significant acceleration of the timing of these losses would cause the Company's net income to decrease.
Asset and Liability Management: Asset and liability management is concerned with the timing and magnitude of the re-pricing and/or maturing of assets and liabilities. It is the Company's objective to attempt to control risks associated with interest rate movements. In general, management's strategy is to match the term of the Company's liabilities as closely as possible with the expected holding period of the Company's assets. This matching is less important for those assets in the Company's portfolio considered liquid, as there is a very stable market for the financing of these securities.
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Other methods for evaluating interest rate risk, such as interest rate sensitivity "gap" (defined as the difference between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities maturing or re-pricing within a given time period), are used but are considered of lesser significance in the daily management of the Company's portfolio. Management considers this relationship when reviewing the Company's hedging strategies. Because different types of assets and liabilities with the same or similar maturities react differently to changes in overall market rates or conditions, changes in interest rates may affect the Company's net interest income positively or negatively even if the Company were to be perfectly matched in each maturity category.
Currency Risk: The Company has foreign currency rate exposures related to certain CMBS and commercial real estate loans. The Company's principal currency exposures are to the Euro, British pound and Canadian dollar. Changes in currency rates can adversely impact the fair values and earnings of the Company's non-U.S. holdings. The Company mitigates this impact by utilizing local currency-denominated financings on its foreign investments and foreign currency forward commitments and swaps to hedge the net exposure.
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ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
The Company, under the direction and with the participation of its management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective at June 30, 2008.
No change in internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the quarter ended June 30, 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
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Part II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. | Legal Proceedings |
At June 30, 2008, there were no pending legal proceedings in which the Company was a defendant or of which any of its property was subject.
ITEM 1A. | Risk Factors |
None.
ITEM 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
During the six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company issued 740,745 shares of unregistered Common Stock with an aggregate value of $5,280 as follows. 316,320 shares of unregistered common stock with an aggregate value of $2,116 were issued to BlackRock Financial Management, Inc., the manager of the Company (the "Manager"), under the Company's 2006 Stock Award and Incentive Plan (the "Plan") and pursuant to the provision of the amended and restated investment advisory agreement, dated as of March 15, 2007, between the Company and the Manager (the "Management Agreement") requiring the Company to grant to the Manager a number of shares of Company common stock equal to one-half of one percent (0.5%) of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of December 31 of each year in which the Management Agreement is in effect. 424,425 restricted shares of unregistered common stock with an aggregate value of $3,163 were issued to the Manager under the Company's 2008 Manager Equity Plan and pursuant to the provision the Management Agreement providing that 30% of the Manager's incentive fees earned under the Management Agreement shall be paid in shares of the Company's Common Stock. The issuances of common stock were made in reliance upon the exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.
ITEM 4. | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders |
At the annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders on May 15, 2008, the Company’s stockholders approved (1) the election of Hugh R. Frater, Jeffrey C. Keil and Deborah J. Lucas to the Board of Directors of the Company for a three-year term expiring in 2011, the election of Walter E. Gregg Jr. to the Board of Directors of the Company for the two-year balance of a three-year term expiring in 2010 and the election of Christopher A. Milner to the Board of Directors of the Company for the one-year balance of a three-year term expiring in 2009, (2) the ratification of the appointment by the Board of Directors of the Company of Deloitte & Touche LLP as the Company’s independent auditors for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2008 and (3) the approval of the Anthracite Capital, Inc. 2008 Manager Equity Plan.
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The result of the vote is as follows:
Election of Hugh R. Frater | ||||
For: | 56,167,937 | |||
Against/Withheld: | 1,586,381 | |||
Abstentions: | 0 | |||
Broker Non-Votes: | 0 | |||
Election of Jeffrey C. Keil | ||||
For: | 56,158,239 | |||
Against/Withheld: | 1,596,079 | |||
Abstentions: | 0 | |||
Broker Non-Votes: | 0 | |||
Election of Deborah J. Lucas | ||||
For: | 56,062,340 | |||
Against/Withheld: | 1,691,979 | |||
Abstentions: | 0 | |||
Broker Non-Votes: | 0 | |||
Election of Walter E. Gregg Jr. | ||||
For: | 56,059,509 | |||
Against/Withheld: | 1,694,809 | |||
Abstentions: | 0 | |||
Broker Non-Votes: | 0 | |||
Election of Christopher A. Milner | ||||
For: | 56,228,723 | |||
Against/Withheld: | 1,525,595 | |||
Abstentions: | 0 | |||
Broker Non-Votes: | 0 | |||
Ratification of Deloitte & Touche LLP | ||||
For: | 56,571,102 | |||
Against/Withheld: | 869,095 | |||
Abstentions: | 314,118 | |||
Broker Non-Votes: | 0 | |||
Approval of the Anthracite Capital, Inc. 2008 Manager Equity Plan | ||||
For: | 29,068,522 | |||
Against/Withheld: | 3,653,546 | |||
Abstentions: | 990,799 | |||
Broker Non-Votes: | 31,078,894 |
The terms of the following other directors of the Company continued after the meeting: Scott M. Amero, Carl F. Geuther, John B. Levy and Andrew P. Rifkin.
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ITEM 6. | Exhibits |
Exhibit No. | Description |
10.1 | Amendment, Agreement and Waiver, dated as of August 7, 2008, in respect of the Credit Agreement, dated as of March 17, 2006, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified, by and among AHR Capital BOFA Limited as a borrower, each of the borrowers from time to time party thereto, Anthracite Capital, Inc. as borrower agent and Bank of America, N.A. as lender |
10.2 | Amendment and Agreement, dated as of August 7, 2008, in respect of the Master Repurchase Agreement, dated as of July 20, 2007, as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified, by and among Anthracite Capital BOFA Funding LLC, as seller, Bank of America, N.A. and Bank of America Mortgage Capital Corporation, as buyers, and Bank of America, N.A. as agent for the buyers |
10.3 | Amended and Restated Guaranty, dated as of August 7, 2008, by Anthracite Capital, Inc. for the benefit of Bank of America, N.A. and Bank of America Mortgage Capital Corporation |
10.4 | Amended and Restated Parent Guaranty, dated as of August 7, 2008, by Anthracite Capital, Inc. in favor of Bank of America, N.A. |
31.1 | Exchange Act Rule (13a-14a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer |
31.2 | Exchange Act Rule (13a-14a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer |
32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
ANTHRACITE CAPITAL, INC. | ||
| | |
Dated: August 11, 2008 | By: | /s/ Christopher A. Milner |
Name: Christopher A. Milner | ||
Title: Chief Executive Officer |
Dated: August 11, 2008 | By: | /s/ James J. Lillis |
Name: James J. Lillis | ||
Title: Chief Financial Officer |
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