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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
þ | Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the Fiscal Year Ended December 29, 2007 | |
or | ||
o | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (No Fee Required) | |
For the transition period from to |
Commission file number 1-14893
The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc.
(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
Incorporated in Delaware (State or other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) | 13-4038356 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
One Pepsi Way, Somers, New York (Address of Principal Executive Offices) | 10589 (Zip code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (914) 767-6000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 ofRegulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of thisForm 10-K or any amendment to thisForm 10-K. o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer þ | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer o | Smaller reporting company o | |||
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
The number of shares of Common Stock and Class B Common Stock of The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. outstanding as of February 15, 2008 was 221,280,719 and 100,000, respectively. The aggregate market value of The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. Capital Stock held by non-affiliates of The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. (assuming for the sole purpose of this calculation, that all executive officers and directors of The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. are affiliates of The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc.) as of June 15, 2007 was $4,914,636,239 (based on the closing sale price of The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc.’s Capital Stock on that date as reported on the New York Stock Exchange).
Documents of Which Portions Are Incorporated by Reference | Parts of Form 10-K into Which Portion of Documents Are Incorporated | |
Proxy Statement for The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. May 28, 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders | III |
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PART I | ||
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Introduction
The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. (“PBG”) was incorporated in Delaware in January, 1999, as a wholly owned subsidiary of PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) to effect the separation of most of PepsiCo’s company-owned bottling businesses. PBG became a publicly traded company on March 31, 1999. As of January 25, 2008, PepsiCo’s ownership represented 35.2% of the outstanding common stock and 100% of the outstanding Class B common stock, together representing 41.7% of the voting power of all classes of PBG’s voting stock. PepsiCo also owned approximately 6.7% of the equity interest of Bottling Group, LLC, PBG’s principal operating subsidiary, as of January 25, 2008. When used in this Report, “PBG,” “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” each refers to The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. and, where appropriate, to Bottling Group, LLC, which we also refer to as “Bottling LLC.”
PBG operates in one industry, carbonated soft drinks and other ready-to-drink beverages, and all of our segments derive revenue from these products. We conduct business in all or a portion of the United States, Mexico, Canada, Spain, Russia, Greece and Turkey. PBG manages and reports operating results through three reportable segments: U.S. & Canada, Europe (which includes Spain, Russia, Greece and Turkey) and Mexico. The operations of the United States and Canada are aggregated into a single reportable segment due to their economic similarity as well as similarity across products, manufacturing and distribution methods, types of customers and regulatory environments. Operationally, the Company is organized along geographic lines with specific regional management teams having responsibility for the financial results in each reportable segment.
In 2007, approximately 76% of our net revenues were generated in the U.S. & Canada, 14% of our net revenues were generated in Europe, and the remaining 10% of our net revenues were generated in Mexico. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Note 12 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the business and operating results of our reportable segments.
Principal Products
PBG is the world’s largest manufacturer, seller and distributor of Pepsi-Cola beverages. In addition, in some of our territories we have the right to manufacture, sell and distribute soft drink products of companies other than PepsiCo, including Dr Pepper and Squirt. We also have the right in some of our territories to manufacture, sell and distribute beverages under trademarks that we own, including Electropura,e-puramr and Garci Crespo. The majority of our volume is derived from brands licensed from PepsiCo or PepsiCo joint ventures.
We have the exclusive right to manufacture, sell and distribute Pepsi-Cola beverages in all or a portion of 41 states and the District of Columbia in the United States, nine Canadian provinces, Spain, Greece, Russia, Turkey and 23 states in Mexico.
In 2007, approximately 73% of our sales volume in the U.S. & Canada was derived from carbonated soft drinks and the remaining 27% was derived from non-carbonated beverages, 72% of our sales volume in Europe was derived from carbonated soft drinks and the remaining 28% was derived from non-carbonated beverages, and 51% of our Mexico sales volume was derived from carbonated soft drinks and the remaining 49% was derived from non-carbonated beverages. Our principal beverage brands include the following:
U.S. & Canada | ||||
Pepsi | Sierra Mist | Trademark Dr Pepper | ||
Diet Pepsi | Sierra Mist Free | Lipton | ||
Diet Pepsi Max | Aquafina | SoBe | ||
Wild Cherry Pepsi | Aquafina Alive | SoBe No Fear | ||
Pepsi Lime | Aquafina FlavorSplash | SoBe Life Water | ||
Pepsi ONE | G2 from Gatorade | Starbucks Frappuccino® | ||
Mountain Dew | Propel | Dole | ||
Diet Mountain Dew | Tropicana Twistertm Soda | |||
AMP | Tropicana juice drinks | |||
Mountain Dew Code Red | Mug Root Beer |
Europe | ||||
Pepsi | Tropicana | Fruko | ||
Pepsi Light | Aqua Minerale | Yedigun | ||
Pepsi Max | Mirinda | Tamek | ||
7UP | IVI | Lipton | ||
KAS | Fiesta |
Mexico | ||||
Pepsi | Mirinda | Electropura | ||
Pepsi Light | Manzanita Sol | e-puramr | ||
7UP | Squirt | Jarritos | ||
KAS | Garci Crespo | |||
Belight | Aguas Frescas |
No individual customer accounted for 10% or more of our total revenues in 2007, although sales to Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. and its affiliated companies were 9.7% of our revenues in 2007, primarily as a result of transactions in the U.S. & Canada segment. We have an extensive direct store distribution system in the United States, Canada and in Mexico. In Europe, we use a combination of direct store distribution and distribution through wholesalers, depending on local marketplace considerations.
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Raw Materials and Other Supplies
We purchase the concentrates to manufacture Pepsi-Cola beverages and other beverage products from PepsiCo and other beverage companies.
In addition to concentrates, we purchase sweeteners, glass and plastic bottles, cans, closures, syrup containers, other packaging materials, carbon dioxide and some finished goods. We generally purchase our raw materials, other than concentrates, from multiple suppliers. PepsiCo acts as our agent for the purchase of such raw materials in the United States and Canada and, with respect to some of our raw materials, in certain of our international markets. The Pepsi beverage agreements, as described below, provide that, with respect to the beverage products of PepsiCo, all authorized containers, closures, cases, cartons and other packages and labels may be purchased only from manufacturers approved by PepsiCo. There are no materials or supplies used by PBG that are currently in short supply. The supply or cost of specific materials could be adversely affected by various factors, including price changes, strikes, weather conditions and governmental controls.
Franchise and Venture Agreements
We conduct our business primarily under agreements with PepsiCo. These agreements give us the exclusive right to market, distribute, and produce beverage products of PepsiCo in authorized containers and to use the related trade names and trademarks in specified territories.
Set forth below is a description of the Pepsi beverage agreements and other bottling agreements to which we are a party.
Terms of the Master Bottling Agreement. The Master Bottling Agreement under which we manufacture, package, sell and distribute the cola beverages bearing the Pepsi-Cola and Pepsi trademarks in the United States was entered into in March of 1999. The Master Bottling Agreement gives us the exclusive and perpetual right to distribute cola beverages for sale in specified territories in authorized containers of the nature currently used by us. The Master Bottling Agreement provides that we will purchase our entire requirements of concentrates for the cola beverages from PepsiCo at prices, and on terms and conditions, determined from time to time by PepsiCo. PepsiCo may determine from time to time what types of containers to authorize for use by us. PepsiCo has no rights under the Master Bottling Agreement with respect to the prices at which we sell our products.
Under the Master Bottling Agreement we are obligated to:
(1) | maintain such plant and equipment, staff, distribution facilities and vending equipment that are capable of manufacturing, packaging, and distributing the cola beverages in sufficient quantities to fully meet the demand for these beverages in our territories; |
(2) | undertake adequate quality control measures prescribed by PepsiCo; |
(3) | push vigorously the sale of the cola beverages in our territories; |
(4) | increase and fully meet the demand for the cola beverages in our territories; |
(5) | use all approved means and spend such funds on advertising and other forms of marketing beverages as may be reasonably required to push vigorously the sale of cola beverages in our territories; and |
(6) | maintain such financial capacity as may be reasonably necessary to assure performance under the Master Bottling Agreement by us. |
The Master Bottling Agreement requires us to meet annually with PepsiCo to discuss plans for the ensuing year and the following two years. At such meetings, we are obligated to present plans that set out in reasonable detail our marketing plan, our management plan and advertising plan with respect to the cola beverages for the year. We must also present a financial plan showing that we have the financial capacity to perform our duties and obligations under the Master Bottling Agreement for that year, as well as sales, marketing, advertising and capital expenditure plans for the two years following such year. PepsiCo has the right to approve such plans, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld. In 2007, PepsiCo approved our plans.
If we carry out our annual plan in all material respects, we will be deemed to have satisfied our obligations to push vigorously the sale of the cola beverages, increase and fully meet the demand for the cola beverages in our territories and maintain the financial capacity required under the Master Bottling Agreement. Failure to present a plan or carry out approved plans in all material respects would constitute an event of default that, if not cured within 120 days of notice of the failure, would give PepsiCo the right to terminate the Master Bottling Agreement.
If we present a plan that PepsiCo does not approve, such failure shall constitute a primary consideration for determining whether we have satisfied our obligations to maintain our financial capacity, push vigorously the sale of the cola beverages and increase and fully meet the demand for the cola beverages in our territories.
If we fail to carry out our annual plan in all material respects in any segment of our territory, whether defined geographically or by type of market or outlet, and if such failure is not cured within six months of notice of the failure, PepsiCo may reduce the territory covered by the Master Bottling Agreement by eliminating the territory, market or outlet with respect to which such failure has occurred.
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PepsiCo has no obligation to participate with us in advertising and marketing spending, but it may contribute to such expenditures and undertake independent advertising and marketing activities, as well as cooperative advertising and sales promotion programs that would require our cooperation and support. Although PepsiCo has advised us that it intends to continue to provide cooperative advertising funds, it is not obligated to do so under the Master Bottling Agreement.
The Master Bottling Agreement provides that PepsiCo may in its sole discretion reformulate any of the cola beverages or discontinue them, with some limitations, so long as all cola beverages are not discontinued. PepsiCo may also introduce new beverages under the Pepsi-Cola trademarks or any modification thereof. When that occurs, we are obligated to manufacture, package, distribute and sell such new beverages with the same obligations as then exist with respect to other cola beverages. We are prohibited from producing or handling cola products, other than those of PepsiCo, or products or packages that imitate, infringe or cause confusion with the products, containers or trademarks of PepsiCo. The Master Bottling Agreement also imposes requirements with respect to the use of PepsiCo’s trademarks, authorized containers, packaging and labeling.
If we acquire control, directly or indirectly, of any bottler of cola beverages, we must cause the acquired bottler to amend its bottling appointments for the cola beverages to conform to the terms of the Master Bottling Agreement. Under the Master Bottling Agreement, PepsiCo has agreed not to withhold approval for any acquisition of rights to manufacture and sell Pepsi trademarked cola beverages within a specific area – currently representing approximately 11.63% of PepsiCo’s U.S. bottling system in terms of volume – if we have successfully negotiated the acquisition and, in PepsiCo’s reasonable judgment, satisfactorily performed our obligations under the Master Bottling Agreement. We have agreed not to acquire or attempt to acquire any rights to manufacture and sell Pepsi trademarked cola beverages outside of that specific area without PepsiCo’s prior written approval.
The Master Bottling Agreement is perpetual, but may be terminated by PepsiCo in the event of our default. Events of default include:
(1) | our insolvency, bankruptcy, dissolution, receivership or the like; |
(2) | any disposition of any voting securities of one of our bottling subsidiaries or substantially all of our bottling assets without the consent of PepsiCo; |
(3) | our entry into any business other than the business of manufacturing, selling or distributing non-alcoholic beverages or any business which is directly related and incidental to such beverage business; and |
(4) | any material breach under the contract that remains uncured for 120 days after notice by PepsiCo. |
An event of default will also occur if any person or affiliated group acquires any contract, option, conversion privilege, or other right to acquire, directly or indirectly, beneficial ownership of more than 15% of any class or series of our voting securities without the consent of PepsiCo. As of February 15, 2008, to our knowledge, no shareholder of PBG, other than PepsiCo, held more than 9.4% of our common stock.
We are prohibited from assigning, transferring or pledging the Master Bottling Agreement, or any interest therein, whether voluntarily, or by operation of law, including by merger or liquidation, without the prior consent of PepsiCo.
The Master Bottling Agreement was entered into by us in the context of our separation from PepsiCo and, therefore, its provisions were not the result of arm’s-length negotiations. Consequently, the agreement contains provisions that are less favorable to us than the exclusive bottling appointments for cola beverages currently in effect for independent bottlers in the United States.
Terms of the Non-Cola Bottling Agreements. The beverage products covered by the non-cola bottling agreements are beverages licensed to us by PepsiCo, including Mountain Dew, Aquafina, Sierra Mist, Diet Mountain Dew, Mug Root Beer and Mountain Dew Code Red. The non-cola bottling agreements contain provisions that are similar to those contained in the Master Bottling Agreement with respect to pricing, territorial restrictions, authorized containers, planning, quality control, transfer restrictions, term and related matters. Our non-cola bottling agreements will terminate if PepsiCo terminates our Master Bottling Agreement. The exclusivity provisions contained in the non-cola bottling agreements would prevent us from manufacturing, selling or distributing beverage products that imitate, infringe upon, or cause confusion with, the beverage products covered by the non-cola bottling agreements. PepsiCo may also elect to discontinue the manufacture, sale or distribution of a non-cola beverage and terminate the applicable non-cola bottling agreement upon six months notice to us.
Terms of Certain Distribution Agreements. We also have agreements with PepsiCo granting us exclusive rights to distribute AMP and Dole in all of our territories, SoBe in certain specified territories and Gatorade and G2 in certain specified channels. The distribution agreements contain provisions generally similar to those in the Master Bottling Agreement as to use of trademarks, trade names, approved containers and labels and causes for termination. We also have the right to sell Tropicana juice drinks in the United States and Canada, Tropicana juices in Russia and Spain, and Gatorade in Spain, Greece and Russia and in certain limited channels of distribution in the United States and Canada. Some of these beverage agreements have limited terms and, in most instances, prohibit us from dealing in similar beverage products.
Terms of the Master Syrup Agreement. The Master Syrup Agreement grants us the exclusive right to manufacture, sell and
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PART I(continued) | ||
distribute fountain syrup to local customers in our territories. We have agreed to act as a manufacturing and delivery agent for national accounts within our territories that specifically request direct delivery without using a middleman. In addition, PepsiCo may appoint us to manufacture and deliver fountain syrup to national accounts that elect delivery through independent distributors. Under the Master Syrup Agreement, we have the exclusive right to service fountain equipment for all of the national account customers within our territories. The Master Syrup Agreement provides that the determination of whether an account is local or national is at the sole discretion of PepsiCo.
The Master Syrup Agreement contains provisions that are similar to those contained in the Master Bottling Agreement with respect to concentrate pricing, territorial restrictions with respect to local customers and national customers electing direct-to-store delivery only, planning, quality control, transfer restrictions and related matters. The Master Syrup Agreement had an initial term of five years which expired in 2004 and was renewed for an additionalfive-year period. The Master Syrup Agreement will automatically renew for additional five-year periods, unless PepsiCo terminates it for cause. PepsiCo has the right to terminate the Master Syrup Agreement without cause at any time upon twenty-four months notice. In the event PepsiCo terminates the Master Syrup Agreement without cause, PepsiCo is required to pay us the fair market value of our rights thereunder.
Our Master Syrup Agreement will terminate if PepsiCo terminates our Master Bottling Agreement.
Terms of Other U.S. Bottling Agreements. The bottling agreements between us and other licensors of beverage products, including Cadbury Schweppes plc for Dr Pepper, Schweppes, Canada Dry, Hawaiian Punch and Squirt, the Pepsi/Lipton Tea Partnership for Lipton Brisk and Lipton Iced Tea, and the North American Coffee Partnership for Starbucks Frappuccino®, contain provisions generally similar to those in the Master Bottling Agreement as to use of trademarks, trade names, approved containers and labels, sales of imitations and causes for termination. Some of these beverage agreements have limited terms and, in most instances, prohibit us from dealing in similar beverage products.
Terms of the Country-Specific Bottling Agreements. The country-specific bottling agreements contain provisions generally similar to those contained in the Master Bottling Agreement and the non-cola bottling agreements and, in Canada, the Master Syrup Agreement with respect to authorized containers, planning, quality control, transfer restrictions, term, causes for termination and related matters. These bottling agreements differ from the Master Bottling Agreement because, except for Canada, they include both fountain syrup and non-fountain beverages. Certain of these bottling agreements contain provisions that have been modified to reflect the laws and regulations of the applicable country. For example, the bottling agreements in Spain do not contain a restriction on the sale and shipment of Pepsi-Cola beverages into our territory by others in response to unsolicited orders. In addition, in Mexico and Turkey we are restricted in our ability to manufacture, sell and distribute beverages sold under non-PepsiCo trademarks.
Terms of the Russia Venture Agreement. In 2007, PBG together with PepsiCo formed PR Beverages Limited (“PR Beverages”), a venture that will enable us to strategically invest in Russia to accelerate our growth. We contributed our business in Russia to PR Beverages, and PepsiCo entered into bottling agreements with PR Beverages for PepsiCo beverage products sold in Russia on the same terms as in effect for us immediately prior to the venture. PepsiCo also granted PR Beverages an exclusive license to manufacture and sell the concentrate for such products.
Seasonality
Sales of our products are seasonal, particularly in our Europe segment, where sales volumes tend to be more sensitive to weather conditions. Our peak season across all of our segments is the warm summer months beginning in May and ending in September. More than 70% of our operating income is typically earned during the second and third quarters. More than 80% of cash flow from operations is typically generated in the third and fourth quarters.
Competition
The carbonated soft drink market and the non-carbonated beverage market are highly competitive. Our competitors in these markets include bottlers and distributors of nationally advertised and marketed products, bottlers and distributors of regionally advertised and marketed products, as well as bottlers of private label soft drinks sold in chain stores. Among our major competitors are bottlers that distribute products from TheCoca-Cola Company includingCoca-Cola Enterprises Inc.,Coca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company S.A.,Coca-Cola FEMSA S.A. de C.V. andCoca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated. Our market share for carbonated soft drinks sold under trademarks owned by PepsiCo in our U.S. territories ranges from approximately 21% to approximately 40%. Our market share for carbonated soft drinks sold under trademarks owned by PepsiCo for each country outside the United States in which we do business is as follows: Canada 44%; Russia 24%; Turkey 18%; Spain 11% and Greece 10% (including market share for our IVI brand). In addition, market share for our territories and the territories of other Pepsi bottlers in Mexico is 15% for carbonated soft drinks sold under trademarks owned by PepsiCo. All market share figures are based on generally available data published by third parties. Actions by our major competitors and others in the beverage industry, as well as the general economic environment, could have an impact on our future market share.
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We compete primarily on the basis of advertising and marketing programs to create brand awareness, price and promotions, retail space management, customer service, consumer points of access, new products, packaging innovations and distribution methods. We believe that brand recognition, market place pricing, consumer value, customer service, availability and consumer and customer goodwill are primary factors affecting our competitive position.
Governmental Regulation Applicable to PBG
Our operations and properties are subject to regulation by various federal, state and local governmental entities and agencies in the United States as well as foreign governmental entities and agencies in Canada, Spain, Greece, Russia, Turkey and Mexico. As a producer of food products, we are subject to production, packaging, quality, labeling and distribution standards in each of the countries where we have operations, including, in the United States, those of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act and the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act. The operations of our production and distribution facilities are subject to laws and regulations relating to the protection of our employees’ health and safety and the environment in the countries in which we do business. In the United States, we are subject to the laws and regulations of various governmental entities, including the Department of Labor, the Environmental Protection Agency and the Department of Transportation, and various federal, state and local occupational, labor and employment and environmental laws. These laws and regulations include the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Act and the Fair Labor Standards Act.
We believe that our current legal, operational and environmental compliance programs are adequate and that we are in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations of the countries in which we do business. We do not anticipate making any material expenditures in connection with environmental remediation and compliance. However, compliance with, or any violation of, future laws or regulations could require material expenditures by us or otherwise have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Bottle and Can Legislation. Legislation has been enacted in certain U.S. states and Canadian provinces where we operate that generally prohibits the sale of certain beverages in non-refillable containers unless a deposit or levy is charged for the container. These include California, Connecticut, Delaware, Hawaii, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New York, Oregon, West Virginia, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Quebec. Legislation prohibited the sale of carbonated beverages in non-refillable containers in Prince Edwards Islands in 2007, but this law is expected to change in 2008.
Massachusetts and Michigan have statutes that require us to pay all or a portion of unclaimed container deposits to the state and Hawaii and California impose a levy on beverage containers to fund a waste recovery system.
In addition to the Canadian deposit legislation described above, Ontario, Canada currently has a regulation requiring that at least 30% of all soft drinks sold in Ontario be bottled in refillable containers.
The European Commission issued a packaging and packing waste directive that was incorporated into the national legislation of most member states. This has resulted in targets being set for the recovery and recycling of household, commercial and industrial packaging waste and imposes substantial responsibilities upon bottlers and retailers for implementation. Similar legislation has been enacted in Turkey.
Mexico adopted legislation regulating the disposal of solid waste products. In response to this legislation, PBG Mexico maintains agreements with local and federal Mexican governmental authorities as well as with civil associations, which require PBG Mexico, and other participating bottlers, to provide for collection and recycling of certain minimum amounts of plastic bottles.
We are not aware of similar material legislation being enacted in any other areas served by us. We are unable to predict, however, whether such legislation will be enacted or what impact its enactment would have on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
Soft Drink Excise Tax Legislation. Specific soft drink excise taxes have been in place in certain states for several years. The states in which we operate that currently impose such a tax are West Virginia and Arkansas and, with respect to fountain syrup only, Washington. In Mexico, there are excise taxes on any sweetened beverage products produced without sugar, including our diet soft drinks and imported beverages that are not sweetened with sugar.
Value-added taxes on soft drinks vary in our territories located in Canada, Spain, Greece, Russia, Turkey and Mexico, but are consistent with the value-added tax rate for other consumer products. In addition, there is a special consumption tax applicable to cola products in Turkey. In Mexico, bottled water in containers over 10.1 liters are exempt from value-added tax, and we obtained a tax exemption for containers holding less than 10.1 liters of water.
We are not aware of any material soft drink taxes that have been enacted in any other market served by us. We are unable to predict, however, whether such legislation will be enacted or what impact its enactment would have on our business, financial condition or results of operations.
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Trade Regulation. As a manufacturer, seller and distributor of bottled and canned soft drink products of PepsiCo and other soft drink manufacturers in exclusive territories in the United States and internationally, we are subject to antitrust and competition laws. Under the Soft Drink Interbrand Competition Act, soft drink bottlers operating in the United States, such as us, may have an exclusive right to manufacture, distribute and sell a soft drink product in a geographic territory if the soft drink product is in substantial and effective competition with other products of the same class in the same market or markets. We believe that there is such substantial and effective competition in each of the exclusive geographic territories in which we operate.
School Sales Legislation; Industry Guidelines. In 2004, U.S. Congress passed the Child Nutrition Act, which required school districts to implement a school wellness policy by July 2006. In May 2006, members of the American Beverage Association, the Alliance for a Healthier Generation, the American Heart Association and The William J. Clinton Foundation entered into a memorandum of understanding that sets forth standards for what beverages can be sold in elementary, middle and high schools in the United States (the “ABA Policy”). Also, the beverage associations in the European Union and Canada have recently issued guidelines relating to the sale of beverages in schools. We intend to comply fully with the ABA Policy and these guidelines.
California Carcinogen and Reproductive Toxin Legislation. A California law requires that any person who exposes another to a carcinogen or a reproductive toxin must provide a warning to that effect. Because the law does not define quantitative thresholds below which a warning is not required, virtually all manufacturers of food products are confronted with the possibility of having to provide warnings due to the presence of trace amounts of defined substances. Regulations implementing the law exempt manufacturers from providing the required warning if it can be demonstrated that the defined substances occur naturally in the product or are present in municipal water used to manufacture the product. We have assessed the impact of the law and its implementing regulations on our beverage products and have concluded that none of our products currently requires a warning under the law. We cannot predict whether or to what extent food industry efforts to minimize the law’s impact on food products will succeed. We also cannot predict what impact, either in terms of direct costs or diminished sales, imposition of the law may have.
Mexican Water Regulation. In Mexico, we pump water from our own wells and we purchase water directly from municipal water companies pursuant to concessions obtained from the Mexican government on aplant-by-plant basis. The concessions are generally for ten-year terms and can generally be renewed by us prior to expiration with minimal cost and effort. Our concessions may be terminated if, among other things, (a) we use materially more water than permitted by the concession, (b) we use materially less water than required by the concession, (c) we fail to pay for the rights for water usage or (d) we carry out, without governmental authorization, any material construction on or improvement to, our wells. Our concessions generally satisfy our current water requirements and we believe that we are generally in compliance in all material respects with the terms of our existing concessions.
Employees
As of December 29, 2007, we employed approximately 69,100 workers, of whom approximately 33,600 were employed in the United States. Approximately 9,300 of our workers in the United States are union members and approximately 17,100 of our workers outside the United States are union members. We consider relations with our employees to be good and have not experienced significant interruptions of operations due to labor disagreements.
Available Information
We maintain a website atwww.pbg.com. We make available, free of charge, through the Investor Relations – Financial Information – SEC Filings section of our website, our annual report onForm 10-K, quarterly reports onForm 10-Q, current reports onForm 8-K, and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
Additionally, we have made available, free of charge, the following governance materials on our website atwww.pbg.comunder Investor Relations – Company Information – Corporate Governance: Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws, Corporate Governance Principles and Practices, Worldwide Code of Conduct (including any amendment thereto), Director Independence Policy, the Audit and Affiliated Transactions Committee Charter, the Compensation and Management Development Committee Charter, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee Charter, the Disclosure Committee Charter and the Policy and Procedures Governing Related-Person Transactions. These governance materials are available in print, free of charge, to any PBG shareholder upon request.
Financial Information on
Industry Segments and Geographic Areas
Industry Segments and Geographic Areas
PBG manages and reports operating results through three reportable segments: U.S. & Canada, Europe (which includes Spain, Russia, Greece and Turkey) and Mexico. We changed our financial reporting methodology to three reportable segments beginning with the fiscal quarter ended March 25, 2006. Financial information for our fiscal year ending 2005 has been restated to reflect our current segment
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reporting structure. The change to segment reporting has no effect on our reported earnings.
For additional information, see Note 12 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 7 below.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Our business and operations entail a variety of risks and uncertainties, including those described below.
We may not be able to respond successfully to
consumer trends related to carbonated andnon-carbonated beverages.
consumer trends related to carbonated andnon-carbonated beverages.
Consumer trends with respect to the products we sell are subject to change. Consumers are seeking increased variety in their beverages, and there is a growing interest among the public regarding the ingredients in our products, the attributes of those ingredients and health and wellness issues generally. This interest has resulted in a decline in consumer demand for full-calorie carbonated soft drinks and an increase in consumer demand for products associated with health and wellness, such as water, enhanced water, teas, reduced calorie carbonated soft drinks and certain other non-carbonated beverages. Consumer preferences may change due to a variety of other factors, including the aging of the general population, changes in social trends, the real or perceived impact the manufacturing of our products has on the environment, changes in consumer demographics, changes in travel, vacation or leisure activity patterns or a downturn in economic conditions. Any of these changes may reduce consumers’ demand for our products.
Because we rely mainly on PepsiCo to provide us with the products that we sell, if PepsiCo fails to develop innovative products that respond to these and other consumer trends, we could be put at a competitive disadvantage in the marketplace and our business and financial results could be adversely affected. In addition, PepsiCo is under no obligation to provide us distribution rights to all of its products in all of the channels in which we operate. If we are unable to enter into agreements with PepsiCo to distribute innovative products in all of these channels or otherwise gain broad access to products that respond to consumer trends, we could be put at a competitive disadvantage in the marketplace and our business and financial results could be adversely affected.
We may not be able to compete successfully within the highly competitive carbonated and non-carbonated beverage markets.
The carbonated and non-carbonated beverage markets are highly competitive. Competitive pressures in our markets could cause us to reduce prices or forego price increases required to off-set increased costs of raw materials and fuel, increase capital and other expenditures, or lose market share, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
We may not be able to respond successfully to the demands of our largest customers.
Our retail customers are consolidating, leaving fewer customers with greater overall purchasing power and, consequently, greater influence over our pricing, promotions and distribution methods. Because we do not operate in all markets in which these customers operate, we must rely on PepsiCo and other PepsiCo bottlers to service such customers outside of our markets. The inability of PepsiCo or PepsiCo bottlers as a whole, to meet the product, packaging and service demands of our largest customers could lead to a loss or decrease in business from such customers and have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
Because we depend upon PepsiCo to provide us with concentrate, certain funding and various services, changes in our relationship with PepsiCo could adversely affect our business and financial results.
We conduct our business primarily under beverage agreements with PepsiCo. If our beverage agreements with PepsiCo are terminated for any reason, it would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results. These agreements provide that we must purchase all of the concentrate for such beverages at prices and on other terms which are set by PepsiCo in its sole discretion. Any significant concentrate price increases could materially affect our business and financial results.
PepsiCo has also traditionally provided bottler incentives and funding to its bottling operations. PepsiCo does not have to maintain or continue these incentives or funding. Termination or decreases in bottler incentives or funding levels could materially affect our business and financial results.
Under our shared services agreement, we obtain various services from PepsiCo, including procurement of raw materials and certain administrative services. If any of the services under the shared services agreement were terminated, we would have to obtain such services on our own. This could result in a disruption of such services, and we might not be able to obtain these services on terms, including cost, that are as favorable as those we receive through PepsiCo.
Our business requires a significant supply of raw materials and energy, the limited availability or increased costs of which could adversely affect our business and financial results.
The production and distribution of our beverage products is highly dependent on certain raw materials and energy. In particular, we require significant amounts of aluminum and plastic bottle
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PART I(continued) | ||
components, such as resin. We also require access to significant amounts of water. In addition, we use a significant amount of electricity, natural gas, motor fuel and other energy sources to operate our fleet of trucks and our bottling plants. Any sustained interruption in the supply of raw materials or energy or any significant increase in their prices could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
PepsiCo’s equity ownership of PBG could affect matters concerning us.
As of January 25, 2008, PepsiCo owned approximately 41.7% of the combined voting power of our voting stock (with the balance owned by the public). PepsiCo will be able to significantly affect the outcome of PBG’s shareholder votes, thereby affecting matters concerning us.
We may have potential conflicts of interest with PepsiCo, which could result in PepsiCo’s objectives being favored over our objectives.
Our past and ongoing relationship with PepsiCo could give rise to conflicts of interests. In addition, two members of our Board of Directors typically are executive officers of PepsiCo, and one of the three Managing Directors of Bottling LLC, our principal operating subsidiary, is an officer of PepsiCo, a situation which may create conflicts of interest.
These potential conflicts include balancing the objectives of increasing sales volume of PepsiCo beverages and maintaining or increasing our profitability. Other possible conflicts could relate to the nature, quality and pricing of services or products provided to us by PepsiCo or by us to PepsiCo.
Conflicts could also arise in the context of our potential acquisition of bottling territoriesand/or assets from PepsiCo or other independent PepsiCo bottlers. Under our Master Bottling Agreement, we must obtain PepsiCo’s approval to acquire any independent PepsiCo bottler. PepsiCo has agreed not to withhold approval for any acquisition withinagreed-upon U.S. territories if we have successfully negotiated the acquisition and, in PepsiCo’s reasonable judgment, satisfactorily performed our obligations under the master bottling agreement. We have agreed not to attempt to acquire any independent PepsiCo bottler outside of thoseagreed-upon territories without PepsiCo’s prior written approval.
Our acquisition strategy may be limited by our ability to successfully integrate acquired businesses into ours or our failure to realize our expected return on acquired businesses.
We intend to continue to pursue acquisitions of bottling assets and territories from PepsiCo’s independent bottlers. The success of our acquisition strategy may be limited because of unforeseen costs and complexities. We may not be able to acquire, integrate successfully or manage profitably additional businesses without substantial costs, delays or other difficulties. Unforeseen costs and complexities may also prevent us from realizing our expected rate of return on an acquired business. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
Our success depends on key members of our management, the loss of whom could disrupt our business operations.
Our success depends largely on the efforts and abilities of key management employees. Key management employees are not parties to employment agreements with us. The loss of the services of key personnel could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
If we are unable to fund our substantial capital requirements, it could cause us to reduce our planned capital expenditures and could result in a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
We require substantial capital expenditures to implement our business plans. If we do not have sufficient funds or if we are unable to obtain financing in the amounts desired or on acceptable terms, we may have to reduce our planned capital expenditures, which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
The level of our indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health.
The level of our indebtedness requires us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt. This could limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to competitors that have less debt. Our indebtedness also exposes us to interest rate fluctuations, because the interest on some of our indebtedness is at variable rates, and makes us vulnerable to general adverse economic and industry conditions. All of the above could make it more difficult for us, or make us unable to satisfy our obligations with respect to all or a portion of such indebtedness and could limit our ability to obtain additional financing for future working capital expenditures, strategic acquisitions and other general corporate requirements.
Our foreign operations are subject to social, political and economic risks and may be adversely affected by foreign currency fluctuations.
In the fiscal year ended December 29, 2007, approximately 32% of our net revenues and approximately 26% of our operating income
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were generated in territories outside the United States. Social, economic and political developments in our international markets (including Russia, Mexico, Canada, Spain, Turkey and Greece) may adversely affect our business and financial results. These developments may lead to new product pricing, tax or other policies and monetary fluctuations that may adversely impact our business and financial results. The overall risks to our international businesses also include changes in foreign governmental policies. In addition, we are expanding our sales and marketing efforts in certain emerging markets, such as Russia. Expanding our business into emerging markets may present additional risks beyond those associated with more developed international markets. Additionally, our results of operations and the value of our foreign assets are affected by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
If we are unable to maintain brand image and product quality, or if we encounter other product issues such as product recalls, our business may suffer.
Maintaining a good reputation globally is critical to our success. If we fail to maintain high standards for product quality, or if we fail to maintain high ethical, social and environmental standards for all of our operations and activities, our reputation could be jeopardized. In addition, we may be liable if the consumption of any of our products causes injury or illness, and we may be required to recall products if they become contaminated or are damaged or mislabeled. A significant product liability or other product-related legal judgment against us or a widespread recall of our products could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
Changes in the legal and regulatory environment could increase our costs or liabilities or impact the sale of our products.
Our operations and properties are subject to regulation by various federal, state and local governmental entities and agencies as well as foreign governmental entities. Such regulations relate to, among other things, food and drug laws, competition laws, taxation requirements, accounting standards and environmental laws, including laws relating to the regulation of water rights and treatment. We cannot assure you that we have been or will at all times be in compliance with all regulatory requirements or that we will not incur material costs or liabilities in connection with existing or new regulatory requirements.
Adverse weather conditions could reduce the demand for our products.
Demand for our products is influenced to some extent by the weather conditions in the markets in which we operate. Unseasonably cool temperatures in these markets could have a material adverse effect on our sales volume and financial results.
Catastrophic events in the markets in which we operate could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition.
Natural disasters, terrorism, pandemic, strikes or other catastrophic events could impair our ability to manufacture or sell our products. Failure to take adequate steps to mitigate the likelihood or potential impact of such events, or to manage such events effectively if they occur, could adversely affect our sales volume, cost of raw materials, earnings and financial results.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
Our corporate headquarters is located in leased property in Somers, New York. In addition, we have a total of 629 manufacturing and distribution facilities, as follows:
U.S. & Canada | Europe | Mexico | |||||||
Manufacturing Facilities | |||||||||
Owned | 50 | 13 | 26 | ||||||
Leased | 3 | 1 | 3 | ||||||
Other | 4 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Total | 57 | 14 | 29 | ||||||
Distribution Facilities | |||||||||
Owned | 235 | 11 | 89 | ||||||
Leased | 55 | 53 | 86 | ||||||
Total | 290 | 64 | 175 | ||||||
We also own or lease and operate approximately 38,300 vehicles, including delivery trucks, delivery and transport tractors and trailers and other trucks and vans used in the sale and distribution of our beverage products. We also own more than two million coolers, soft drink dispensing fountains and vending machines.
With a few exceptions, leases of plants in the U.S. & Canada are on a long-term basis, expiring at various times, with options to renew for additional periods. Our leased facilities in Europe and Mexico are generally leased for varying and usually shorter periods, with or without renewal options. We believe that our properties are in good operating condition and are adequate to serve our current operational needs.
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ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time we are a party to various litigation proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business, none of which, in the opinion of management, is likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
Executive officers are elected by our Board of Directors, and their terms of office continue until the next annual meeting of the Board or until their successors are elected and have been qualified. There are no family relationships among our executive officers.
Set forth below is information pertaining to our executive officers who held office as of February 15, 2008:
Eric J. Foss, 49, was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer and elected to our Board in July 2006. Previously, Mr. Foss served as our Chief Operating Officer from September 2005 to July 2006 and President of PBG North America from September 2001 to September 2005. Prior to that, Mr. Foss was the Executive Vice President and General Manager of PBG North America from August 2000 to September 2001. From October 1999 until August 2000, he served as our Senior Vice President, U.S. Sales and Field Operations, and prior to that, he was our Senior Vice President, Sales and Field Marketing, since March 1999. Mr. Foss joined the Pepsi-Cola Company in 1982 where he held a variety of field and headquarters-based sales, marketing and general management positions. From 1994 to 1996, Mr. Foss was General Manager of Pepsi-Cola North America’s Great West Business Unit. In 1996, Mr. Foss was named General Manager for the Central Europe Region for Pepsi-Cola International (“PCI”), a position he held until joining PBG in March 1999. Mr. Foss is also a director of UDR, Inc. and on the Industry Affairs Council of the Grocery Manufacturers of America.
Alfred H. Drewes, 52, was appointed Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in June 2001. Mr. Drewes previously served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of PCI. Mr. Drewes joined PepsiCo in 1982 as a financial analyst in New Jersey. During the next nine years, he rose through increasingly responsible finance positions within Pepsi-Cola North America in field operations and headquarters. In 1991, Mr. Drewes joined PCI as Vice President of Manufacturing Operations, with responsibility for the global concentrate supply organization. In 1994, he was appointed Vice President of Business Planning and New Business Development and, in 1996, relocated to London as the Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa Business Unit of PCI. Mr. Drewes is also a director of the Meredith Corporation.
Robert C. King, 49, was appointed President of PBG’s North American business in December 2006. Previously, Mr. King served as President of PBG’s North American Field Operations from October 2005 to December 2006. Prior to that, Mr. King served as Senior Vice President and General Manager of PBG’s Mid-Atlantic Business Unit from October 2002 to October 2005. From 2001 to October 2002, he served as Senior Vice President, National Sales and Field Marketing. In 1999, he was appointed Vice President, National Sales and Field Marketing. Mr. King joined Pepsi-Cola North America in 1989 as a Business Development Manager and has held a variety of other field and headquarters-based sales and general management positions.
Pablo Lagos, 52, was appointed President and General Manager of PBG Mexico in June 2006. Previously, Mr. Lagos served as Chief Operating Officer of PBG Mexico from October 2003 to June 2006. Prior to joining PBG Mexico, he served as Vice President of Sales and Operations for Sabritas, the Mexican salty snack food unit of Frito-Lay International (“FLI”) from 2002 to 2003. From 1996 to 2002, Mr. Lagos served as President of FLI in Chile and area Vice President Chile, Peru, Ecuador. In 1991 he joined the leadership team of FLI’s Gamesa business in Mexico, where he then served as Gamesa’s Vice President of Operations, and later served as National Sales Vice President. Mr. Lagos joined PCI in Latin America in 1983.
Yiannis Petrides, 49, is the President of PBG Europe. He was appointed to this position in June 2000, with responsibilities for our operations in Spain, Greece, Turkey and Russia. Prior to that, Mr. Petrides served as Business Unit General Manager for PBG in Spain and Greece. Mr. Petrides joined PepsiCo in 1987 in the international beverage division. In 1993, he was named General Manager of Frito-Lay’s Greek operation with additional responsibility for the Balkan countries. In 1995, Mr. Petrides was appointed Business Unit General Manager for Pepsi Beverages International’s bottling operation in Spain.
Steven M. Rapp, 54, was appointed Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary in January 2005. Mr. Rapp previously served as Vice President, Deputy General Counsel and Assistant Secretary from 1999 through 2004. Mr. Rapp joined PepsiCo as a corporate attorney in 1986 and was appointed Division Counsel of Pepsi-Cola Company in 1994.
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PART II | ||
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY,RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PBG.” Our Class B common stock is not publicly traded. On February 15, 2008, the last sales price for our common stock on the New York Stock Exchange was $35.67 per share. The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices per share of our common stock during each of our fiscal quarters in 2007 and 2006.
2007 | High | Low | ||||
First Quarter | $ | 32.54 | $ | 30.13 | ||
Second Quarter | $ | 35.23 | $ | 31.55 | ||
Third Quarter | $ | 36.76 | $ | 32.35 | ||
Fourth Quarter | $ | 43.38 | $ | 34.72 | ||
2006 | High | Low | ||||
First Quarter | $ | 31.00 | $ | 27.99 | ||
Second Quarter | $ | 32.68 | $ | 30.30 | ||
Third Quarter | $ | 35.23 | $ | 30.81 | ||
Fourth Quarter | $ | 35.83 | $ | 30.59 | ||
Shareholders – As of February 15, 2008, there were approximately 61,435 registered and beneficial holders of our common stock. PepsiCo is the holder of all of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock.
Dividend Policy – Quarterly cash dividends are usually declared in late January or early February, March, July and October and paid at the end of March, June, and September and at the beginning of January. The dividend record dates for 2008 are expected to be March 7, June 6, September 5 and December 5.
We declared the following dividends on our common stock during fiscal years 2007 and 2006:
Quarter | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
1 | $ | .11 | $ | .08 | ||
2 | $ | .14 | $ | .11 | ||
3 | $ | .14 | $ | .11 | ||
4 | $ | .14 | $ | .11 | ||
Total | $ | .53 | $ | .41 | ||
Performance Graph – The following performance graph compares the cumulative total return of our common stock to (i) the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index, (ii) a new index of peer companies selected by us (the “New Bottling Group Index”) consisting ofCoca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company S.A.,Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated,Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc.,Coca-Cola FEMSA ADRs, and PepsiAmericas, Inc. and (iii) a previously used index of peer companies selected by us (the “Old Bottling Group Index”) consisting ofCoca-Cola Amatil Limited,Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Consolidated,Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc.,Coca-Cola FEMSA ADRs, and PepsiAmericas, Inc. We addedCoca-Cola Hellenic Bottling Company S.A. to the New Bottling Group Index because sufficient shareholder return data is now available for this company and we removedCoca-Cola Amatil Limited because we no longer believe this company to be comparable to PBG in its overall business and operations. The graph assumes the return on $100 invested on December 27, 2002 until December 28, 2007. The returns of each member of the New Bottling Group Index and Old Bottling Group Index are weighted according to each member’s stock market capitalization as of the beginning of the period measured and includes the subsequent reinvestment of dividends.
Year-ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
PBG(1) | 100 | 94 | 106 | 114 | 125 | 164 | ||||||||||||||||||
New Bottling Group Index | 100 | 117 | 125 | 137 | 166 | 244 | ||||||||||||||||||
Old Bottling Group Index | 100 | 114 | 125 | 127 | 145 | 199 | ||||||||||||||||||
Standard & Poor’s 500 Index | 100 | 127 | 143 | 150 | 174 | 185 | ||||||||||||||||||
(1) | The closing price for a share of our common stock on December 28, 2007, the last trading day of our fiscal year, was $39.96. |
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PBG Purchases of Equity Securities – We repurchased approximately three million shares of PBG common stock in the fourth quarter of 2007 and approximately 13 million shares of PBG common stock during fiscal year 2007. Since the inception of our share repurchase program in October 1999 and through the end of fiscal year 2007, approximately 132 million shares of PBG common stock have been repurchased. Our share repurchases for the fourth quarter of 2007 are as follows:
Maximum | ||||||||||||||||
Number (or | ||||||||||||||||
Total Number | Approximate | |||||||||||||||
of Shares | Dollar Value) | |||||||||||||||
(or Units) | of Shares | |||||||||||||||
Purchased | (or Units) | |||||||||||||||
Total | as Part of | that May Yet | ||||||||||||||
Number | Average | Publicly | Be Purchased | |||||||||||||
of Shares | Price Paid | Announced | Under the | |||||||||||||
(or Units) | per Share | Plans or | Plans or | |||||||||||||
Period | Purchased(1) | (or Unit)(2) | Programs(3) | Programs(3) | ||||||||||||
Period 10 | ||||||||||||||||
09/09/07-10/06/07 | 1,425,000 | $ | 36.92 | 1,425,000 | 19,921,000 | |||||||||||
Period 11 | ||||||||||||||||
10/07/07-11/03/07 | 878,300 | $ | 40.02 | 878,300 | 19,042,700 | |||||||||||
Period 12 | ||||||||||||||||
11/04/07-12/01/07 | 475,000 | $ | 41.83 | 475,000 | 18,567,700 | |||||||||||
Period 13 | ||||||||||||||||
12/02/07-12/29/07 | 26,300 | $ | 42.35 | 26,300 | 18,541,400 | |||||||||||
Total | 2,804,600 | $ | 38.77 | 2,804,600 | ||||||||||||
(1) | Shares have only been repurchased through publicly announced programs. |
(2) | Average share price excludes brokerage fees. |
(3) | Our Board has authorized the repurchase of shares of our common stock on the open market and through negotiated transactions as follows: |
Number of Shares | |||
Date Share Repurchase Programs | Authorized to be | ||
were Publicly Announced | Repurchased | ||
October 14, 1999 | 20,000,000 | ||
July 13, 2000 | 10,000,000 | ||
July 11, 2001 | 20,000,000 | ||
May 28, 2003 | 25,000,000 | ||
March 25, 2004 | 25,000,000 | ||
March 24, 2005 | 25,000,000 | ||
December 15, 2006 | 25,000,000 | ||
Total shares authorized to be repurchased as of December 29, 2007 | 150,000,000 | ||
Unless terminated by resolution of our Board, each share repurchase program expires when we have repurchased all shares authorized for repurchase thereunder.
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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
SELECTED FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA
in millions, except per share data
Fiscal years ended | 2007(1) | 2006(2)(3) | 2005(2)(4) | 2004 | 2003 | |||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 13,591 | $ | 12,730 | $ | 11,885 | $ | 10,906 | $ | 10,265 | ||||||||||
Cost of sales | 7,370 | 6,900 | 6,345 | 5,656 | 5,215 | |||||||||||||||
Gross profit | 6,221 | 5,830 | 5,540 | 5,250 | 5,050 | |||||||||||||||
Selling, delivery and administrative expenses | 5,150 | 4,813 | 4,517 | 4,274 | 4,094 | |||||||||||||||
Operating income | 1,071 | 1,017 | 1,023 | 976 | 956 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense, net | 274 | 266 | 250 | 230 | 239 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-operating (income) expenses, net | (6 | ) | 11 | 1 | 1 | 7 | ||||||||||||||
Minority interest | 94 | 59 | 59 | 56 | 50 | |||||||||||||||
Income before income taxes | 709 | 681 | 713 | 689 | 660 | |||||||||||||||
Income tax expense(5)(6)(7)(8) | 177 | 159 | 247 | 232 | 238 | |||||||||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle | 532 | 522 | 466 | 457 | 422 | |||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, net of tax and minority interest | – | – | – | – | 6 | |||||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 532 | $ | 522 | $ | 466 | $ | 457 | $ | 416 | ||||||||||
Per Share Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 2.35 | $ | 2.22 | $ | 1.91 | $ | 1.79 | $ | 1.54 | ||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 2.29 | $ | 2.16 | $ | 1.86 | $ | 1.73 | $ | 1.50 | ||||||||||
Cash dividends declared per share | $ | 0.53 | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.29 | $ | 0.16 | $ | 0.04 | ||||||||||
Weighted-average basic shares outstanding | 226 | 236 | 243 | 255 | 270 | |||||||||||||||
Weighted-average diluted shares outstanding | 233 | 242 | 250 | 263 | 277 | |||||||||||||||
Other Financial Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cash provided by operations | $ | 1,437 | $ | 1,228 | $ | 1,219 | $ | 1,222 | $ | 1,075 | ||||||||||
Capital expenditures | $ | (854 | ) | $ | (725 | ) | $ | (715 | ) | $ | (688 | ) | $ | (635 | ) | |||||
Balance Sheet Data (at period end): | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 13,115 | $ | 11,927 | $ | 11,524 | $ | 10,937 | $ | 11,655 | ||||||||||
Long-term debt | $ | 4,770 | $ | 4,754 | $ | 3,939 | $ | 4,489 | $ | 4,493 | ||||||||||
Minority interest | $ | 973 | $ | 540 | $ | 496 | $ | 445 | $ | 396 | ||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(9) | $ | (48 | ) | $ | (361 | ) | $ | (262 | ) | $ | (315 | ) | $ | (380 | ) | |||||
Shareholders’ equity | $ | 2,615 | $ | 2,084 | $ | 2,043 | $ | 1,949 | $ | 1,881 | ||||||||||
(1) | Our fiscal year 2007 results include a $30 million pre-tax charge related to restructuring charges and a $23 million pre-tax charge related to our Full Service Vending Rationalization plan. See Items Affecting Comparability of Our Financial Results in Item 7. |
(2) | We made a classification correction for certain miscellaneous costs incurred from product losses in the trade. Approximately $90 million and $92 million of costs incurred, which were incorrectly included in selling, delivery and administrative expenses, were reclassified to cost of sales in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended 2006 and 2005, respectively. We have not reclassified these expenses for the 2004 and 2003 fiscal years. |
(3) | In fiscal year 2006, we adopted the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment (“SFAS 123R”) resulting in a $65 million decrease in operating income or $0.17 per diluted earnings per share. Results for prior periods have not been restated as provided for under the modified prospective approach. |
(4) | Our fiscal year 2005 results included an extra week of activity. The pre-tax income generated from the extra week was spent back in strategic initiatives within our selling, delivery and administrative expenses and, accordingly, had no impact on our diluted earnings per share. |
(5) | Fiscal year 2003 includes Canada tax law change expense of $11 million. |
(6) | Fiscal year 2004 includes Mexico tax law change benefit of $26 million and international tax restructuring charge of $30 million. |
(7) | Fiscal year 2006 includes a tax benefit of $11 million from tax law changes in Canada, Turkey, and in various U.S. jurisdictions and a $55 million tax benefit from the reversal of tax contingency reserves due to completion of our IRS audit of our1999-2000 income tax returns. See Note 11 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(8) | Our fiscal year 2007 results include a non-cash tax benefit of $46 million due to the reversal of net tax contingency reserves and a net non-cash benefit of $13 million due to tax law changes in Canada and Mexico. See Note 11 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
(9) | In fiscal year 2006, we adopted the Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans (“SFAS 158”) and recorded a $159 million loss, net of taxes and minority interest, to accumulated other comprehensive loss. |
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PART II(continued) | ||
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL REVIEW
16 | ||||
17 | ||||
21 | ||||
22 | ||||
23 | ||||
24 | ||||
28 | ||||
30 |
AUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
33 | ||||
34 | ||||
35 | ||||
36 | ||||
37 | ||||
59 |
MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL REVIEW
Tabular dollars in millions, except per share data
OUR BUSINESS
The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. is the world’s largest manufacturer, seller and distributor of Pepsi-Cola beverages. When used in these Consolidated Financial Statements, “PBG,” “we,” “our,” “us” and the “Company” each refers to The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. and, where appropriate, to Bottling Group, LLC (“Bottling LLC”), our principal operating subsidiary.
We have the exclusive right to manufacture, sell and distribute Pepsi-Cola beverages in all or a portion of the U.S., Mexico, Canada, Spain, Russia, Greece and Turkey. PBG manages and reports operating results through three reportable segments: U.S. & Canada, Europe (which includes Spain, Russia, Greece and Turkey) and Mexico. As shown in the graph below, the U.S. & Canada segment is the dominant driver of our results, generating 68% of our volume, 76% of our net revenues and 83% of our operating income.
The majority of our volume is derived from brands licensed from PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) or PepsiCo joint ventures. In some of our territories we have the right to manufacture, sell and distribute soft drink products of companies other than PepsiCo, including Dr Pepper and Squirt. We also have the right in some of our territories to manufacture, sell and distribute beverages under trademarks that we own. The fastest growing category of our business isnon-carbonated beverages. Leading this category is bottled water where we have Aquafina, the number one brand in the U.S., Aqua Minerale, the number one brand in Russia, and Electropura, the number one water in Mexico. Adding to our strength in this category is Lipton Iced Tea the number one ready-to-drink tea in the U.S., Canada, Russia, Turkey and Greece. Our non-carbonated beverages portfolio also includes strong brands with Starbucks Frapuccino in theready-to-drink coffee category, Mountain Dew Amp and SoBe Adrenaline Rush in the energy drink category and SoBe and Tropicana in the juice and juice drinks category. We continue to add to our powerful portfolio highlighted by our focus on Hydration with SoBe Life Water, Propel fitness water and G2 in the U.S. See Part I, Item 1 of this report for a listing of our principal products by segment.
We sell our products through either a cold-drink or take-home channel. Our cold-drink channel consists of chilled products sold in the retail and foodservice channels. We earn the highest profit margins on a per-case basis in the cold-drink channel. Ourtake-home channel consists of unchilled products that are sold in the retail, mass merchandiser and club store channels for at-home consumption.
Our products are brought to market primarily through direct store delivery (“DSD”) or third-party distribution, including foodservice and vending distribution networks. The hallmarks of PBG’s DSD system are speed to market, flexibility and reach, all critical factors in bringing new products to market, adding accounts to our existing base and meeting increasing volume demands.
Our customers range from large format accounts, including large chain foodstores, supercenters, mass merchandisers, chain drug
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stores, club stores and military bases to small independently owned shops and foodservice businesses. Changing consumer shopping trends and “on-the-go” lifestyles are shifting more of our volume to fast-growing channels such as supercenters, club and dollar stores and restaurants and other fountain accounts. Retail consolidation continues to increase the importance of our large-volume customers. In 2007, sales to our top five retail customers represented approximately 19 percent of our net revenues.
Our goal is to help our customers grow their beverage business by making our portfolio of brands readily available to consumers at every shopping occasion, using proven methods to grow not only PepsiCo brand sales, but the overall beverage category. Our objective is to ensure we have the right product in the right package to fill the needs of consumers.
Our sales force sells and delivers more than 200 million eight-ounce servings worldwide of Pepsi-Cola brand beverages per day. PBG’s focus is on superior sales execution, customer service, merchandising and operating excellence.
We measure our sales in terms of physical cases sold to our customers. Each package, as sold to our customers, regardless of configuration or number of units within a package, represents one physical case. Our net price and gross margin on a per-case basis are impacted by how much we charge for the product, the mix of brands and packages we sell, and the channels in which the product is sold. For example, we realize a higher net revenue and gross margin per case on a 20-ounce chilled bottle sold in a convenience store than on a 2-liter unchilled bottle sold in a grocery store.
Our financial success is dependent on a number of factors, including: our strong partnership with PepsiCo, the customer relationships we cultivate, the pricing we achieve in the marketplace, our market execution, our ability to meet changing consumer preferences and the efficiency we achieve in manufacturing and distributing our products. Key indicators of our financial success are: the number of physical cases we sell, the net price and gross margin we achieve on a per-case basis, and our overall cost productivity, which reflects how well we manage our raw material, manufacturing, distribution and other overhead costs.
The discussion and analysis throughout Management’s Financial Review should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the related accompanying notes. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations reflects the classification correction discussed in Note 1 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in our Consolidated Financial Statements and the related accompanying notes, including various claims and contingencies related to lawsuits, taxes, environmental and other matters arising out of the normal course of business. We use our best judgment, our knowledge of existing facts and circumstances and actions that we may undertake in the future, in determining the estimates that affect our Consolidated Financial Statements.
OUR CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP often requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect a number of amounts included in our financial statements and related disclosures. We have chosen accounting policies that we believe are appropriate to report accurately and fairly our operating results and financial position and have based our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. Management believes the following policies to be the most critical to the portrayal of PBG’s financial condition and results of operations and require the use of estimates, assumptions and the application of judgment. We applied our critical accounting policies and estimation methods consistently in all material respects and have discussed the selection of these policies and related disclosures with the Audit and Affiliated Transactions Committee of our Board of Directors.
Other Intangible Assets, Net and Goodwill
Our intangible assets principally arise from the allocation of the purchase price of businesses acquired and consist primarily of franchise rights, distribution rights, brands and goodwill. These intangible assets, other than goodwill, may represent finite-lived intangibles and indefinite-lived intangibles. Intangible assets that are determined to have a finite life are amortized over the expected useful life, which generally ranges from five to twenty years. For intangible assets with finite lives, evaluations for impairment are performed only if facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, however, they are evaluated for impairment at least annually or more frequently if facts and circumstances indicate that the assets may be impaired.
The classification of intangibles and the determination of the appropriate life requires substantial judgment. In determining whether our intangible assets have an indefinite useful life, we consider the following as applicable: the nature and terms of the underlying agreements; our intent and ability to use the specific asset; the age and market position of the related products within the territories we are entitled to sell; the historical and projected growth
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of those products; and the ability and costs, if any, to renew the agreement.
We evaluate goodwill for impairment at a reporting unit level, which we determined to be the countries in which we operate. We evaluate goodwill for impairment by comparing the fair value of the reporting unit, as determined by its discounted cash flows, with its carrying value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, we compare the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with its carrying amount to measure the amount of impairment loss.
We evaluate intangible assets with indefinite useful lives for impairment by comparing the estimated fair values with the carrying values. The fair value of our franchise rights and distribution rights is measured using a multi-period excess earnings method that is based upon estimated discounted future cash flows. The fair value of our brands is measured using a multi-period royalty savings method, which reflects the savings realized by owning the brand and, therefore, not having to pay a royalty fee to a third party.
Considerable management judgment is necessary to estimate discounted future cash flows in conducting an impairment analysis for goodwill and other intangible assets, which may be impacted by future actions taken by us and our competitors and the volatility in the markets in which we conduct business. Assumptions used in our impairment analysis, such as forecasted growth rates, cost of capital and additional risk premiums used in the valuations, are based on the best available market information and are consistent with our long-term strategic plans.
An inability to achieve strategic business plan targets in a reporting unit, a change in our discount rate or other assumptions within our cash flow models could have a significant impact on the fair value of our reporting units and other intangible assets, which could then result in a material non-cash impairment charge to our results of operations. We did not recognize any impairment charges for goodwill or other intangible assets in the years presented. We have approximately $1 billion of goodwill and other intangible assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheet related to our Mexico segment. Our business in Mexico has performed below expectations and we did not meet our profit objectives in 2007. A non-cash impairment charge could be required in the future if we do not achieve our long-term expected results. We have initiated an extensive strategic review which will allow us to assess our Mexico business by brand, package, channel and geography. We will continue to closely monitor our performance in Mexico and evaluate the realizability of each intangible asset. For further information about our goodwill and other intangible assets see Note 6 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Pension and Postretirement Medical Benefit Plans
We sponsor pension and other postretirement medical benefit plans in various forms in the United States and similar pension plans in our international locations, covering employees who meet specified eligibility requirements.
The assets, liabilities and expenses associated with our international plans were not significant to our worldwide results of operations, and accordingly, assumptions, expenses, sensitivity analyses and other data regarding these plans are not included in any of the discussions provided below.
Our U.S. employees that were hired prior to January 1, 2007 participate in non-contributory defined benefit pension plans, which cover substantially all full-time salaried employees, as well as most hourly employees. Benefits are generally based on years of service and compensation, or stated amounts for each year of service. Effective January 1, 2007, newly hired salaried and non-union hourly employees are not eligible to participate in these plans. Substantially all of our U.S. employees, if they meet age and service requirements and qualify for retirement benefits, are eligible to participate in our postretirement medical benefit plans.
Assumptions
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans,” (“SFAS 158”) requires that, beginning in our fiscal year 2008, our assumptions used to measure plan assets and benefit obligations be determined as of the balance sheet date (Measurement Date). The standard provides two transition alternatives related to the change in Measurement Date. PBG will use the “two-measurement” approach in adopting the Measurement Date provision of SFAS 158 in 2008. Accordingly, our 2008 expense is measured with a discount rate as of the last day of our 2007 fiscal year. For further information regarding SFAS 158 see Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
The assumptions used to measure our pension and postretirement medical expenses for fiscal years 2007, 2006 and 2005 were determined as of September 30 of each of the prior years. All plan assets and liabilities reported in our December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006 Consolidated Balance Sheets were determined as of September 30 of each respective year.
The determination of pension and postretirement medical plan obligations and related expenses requires the use of assumptions to estimate the amount of benefits that employees earn while working, as well as the present value of those benefit obligations. Significant assumptions include discount rate; expected return on plan assets; certain employee-related factors such as retirement age, mortality, and turnover; rate of salary increases for plans where benefits are
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based on earnings; and for retiree medical plans, health care cost trend rates.
We evaluate these assumptions on an annual basis and we believe that they are appropriate. Our assumptions are based upon historical experience of the plans and management’s best judgment regarding future expectations. These assumptions may differ materially from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions. An increase or decrease in the assumptions or economic events outside our control could have a material impact on the measurement of our pension and postretirement medical benefit expenses and obligations as well as related funding requirements.
The discount rates used in calculating the present value of our pension and postretirement medical benefit plan obligations are developed based on a yield curve that is comprised of high-quality, non-callable bonds whose maturities match the timing of our expected benefit payments. These bonds are rated Aa or better by Moody’s, have a principal amount of at least $250 million, are denominated in U.S. dollars and have maturity dates ranging from six months to thirty years.
In evaluating the expected rate of return on pension plan assets, we consider the actual 10 to15-year historical returns on asset classes in the U.S. pension plans’ investment portfolio, reflecting the weighted-average return of our asset allocation and use them as a guide for future returns. Our current investment target asset allocation for our U.S. pension plans is 75 percent equity investments, of which approximately 80 percent is invested in domestic equities and 20 percent is invested in foreign equities. The remaining 25 percent of plan assets is invested primarily in fixed income securities, which is equally divided between U.S. government and corporate bonds. The current portfolio’s target asset allocation for the 10 and15-year periods had weighted average returns of 7.03 percent and 9.80 percent, respectively. Over time, the expected rate of return on pension plan assets should approximate the actual long-term returns. Based on the historical and estimated future returns of the pension plans’ portfolio, we estimate the long-term rate of return on assets for pension plans to be 8.50 percent in 2008. We use a market-related value method that recognizes each year’s asset gain or loss over a five-year period. Therefore, it takes five years for the gain or loss from any one year to be fully included in the other gains and losses calculation described below.
Other gains and losses resulting from changes in actuarial assumptions and from differences between assumed and actual experience are also determined at each measurement. To the extent the amount of all unrecognized gains and losses exceeds 10 percent of the larger of the benefit obligation or plan assets, such amount is amortized over the average remaining service period of active participants. Net unrecognized losses, within our pension and postretirement plans in the United States, totaled $398 million and $558 million at December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, respectively.
The cost or benefit of plan changes is deferred and included in expense on a straight-line basis over the average remaining service period of the employees expected to receive benefits.
The following tables provide the weighted-average assumptions for our 2008 and 2007 pension and postretirement medical plans’ expense:
Pension | 2008(1) | 2007(2) | ||||||
Discount rate | 6.70% | 6.00% | ||||||
Expected return on plan assets (net of administrative expenses) | 8.50% | 8.50% | ||||||
Rate of compensation increase | 3.56% | 3.55% | ||||||
Postretirement | 2008(1) | 2007(2) | ||||||
Discount rate | 6.35% | 5.80% | ||||||
Rate of compensation increase | 3.56% | 3.55% | ||||||
Health care cost trend rate | 9.50% | 8.00% | ||||||
(1) | Our 2008 discount rate was determined as of December 29, 2007 and reflects the implementation of SFAS 158 Measurement Date provisions. |
(2) | Our 2007 discount rate was determined as of September 30, 2006. |
During 2007, excluding charges of approximately $4 million associated with restructuring actions, our ongoingCompany-sponsored defined benefit pension and postretirement medical plan expenses totaled $117 million. In 2008, our ongoing expenses will decrease by approximately $30 million to $87 million as a result of the combination of the following factors:
• | An increase in our weighted-average discount rate for our pension and postretirement medical expense from 6.00 percent and 5.80 percent to 6.70 percent and 6.35 percent, respectively, reflecting increases in the yields of long-term corporate bonds comprising the yield curve. This change in assumption will decrease our 2008 defined benefit pension and postretirement medical expense by approximately $27 million. |
• | A change to our mortality assumption to reflect four years of projected mortality improvement will increase our 2008 defined benefit pension and postretirement medical expense by approximately $3 million. |
• | Other factors, including changes in gains and losses resulting from differences between actual experience and assumptions, will decrease our 2008 defined benefit pension and postretirement medical expenses by approximately $6 million. |
Sensitivity Analysis
It is unlikely that in any given year the actual rate of return will be the same as the assumed long-term rate of return of 8.50 percent. The following table provides a summary of the last three years of
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actual returns versus the expected long-term returns for our pension plans:
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets (net of administrative expenses) | 8.50 | % | 8.50 | % | 8.50 | % | ||||||
Actual return on plan assets (net of administrative expenses) | 12.64 | % | 9.74 | % | 13.33 | % | ||||||
Sensitivity of changes in key assumptions for our pension and postretirement plans’ expense in 2008 are as follows:
• | Discount rate – A 25-basis point change in the discount rate would increase or decrease the expense for our pension and postretirement medical benefit plans in 2008 by approximately $9 million. |
• | Expected return on plan assets – A 25-basis point change in the expected return on plan assets would increase or decrease the expense for our pension plans in 2008 by approximately $3 million. The postretirement medical benefit plans have no expected return on plan assets as they are funded from the general assets of the Company as the payments come due. |
For further information about our pension and postretirement plans see Note 10 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Casualty Insurance Costs
Due to the nature of our business, we require insurance coverage for certain casualty risks. In the United States, we use a combination of insurance and self-insurance mechanisms, including a wholly owned captive insurance entity. This captive entity participates in a reinsurance pool for a portion of our workers’ compensation risk. We provide self-insurance for the workers’ compensation risk retained by the Company and automobile risks up to $10 million per occurrence, and product and general liability risks up to $5 million per occurrence. For losses exceeding these self-insurance thresholds, we purchase casualty insurance from third-party providers.
Our liability for casualty costs is estimated using individualcase-based valuations and statistical analyses and is based upon historical experience, actuarial assumptions and professional judgment. We do not discount our loss expense reserves. These estimates are subject to the effects of trends in loss severity and frequency and are subject to a significant degree of inherent variability. We evaluate these estimates periodically during the year and we believe that they are appropriate; however, an increase or decrease in the estimates or events outside our control could have a material impact on reported net income. Accordingly, the ultimate settlement of these costs may vary significantly from the estimates included in our financial statements. For further information about our casualty insurance costs see Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate is based on pre-tax income, statutory tax rates, tax laws and regulations and tax planning strategies available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Significant management judgment is required in determining our effective tax rate and in evaluating our tax positions.
As of the beginning of our 2007 fiscal year, we adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), which provides specific guidance on the financial statement recognition, measurement, reporting and disclosure of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. We recognize the impact of our tax positions in our financial statements if those positions will more likely than not be sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. A change in our tax positions could have a significant impact on our results of operations.
Our deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect our best estimate of the tax benefits and costs we expect to realize in the future. We establish valuation allowances to reduce our deferred tax assets to an amount that will more likely than not be realized.
The U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) is currently examining PBG’s and PepsiCo’s joint tax returns for 1998 through March 1999. We have a tax separation agreement with PepsiCo, which among other provisions, specifies that PepsiCo maintain full control and absolute discretion for any combined or consolidated tax filings for tax periods ended on or before our initial public offering that occurred in March 1999. However, PepsiCo may not settle any issue without our written consent, which consent cannot be unreasonably withheld. PepsiCo has contractually agreed to act in good faith with respect to all tax examination matters affecting us. In accordance with the tax separation agreement, we will bear our allocable share of any cost or benefit resulting from the settlement of tax matters affecting us for these tax periods.
A number of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position for which we have established a tax reserve is audited and finally resolved. The number of years for which we have audits that are open varies depending on the tax jurisdiction. The statute of limitations for the IRS audit of PBG’s 2001 and 2002 tax returns closed on June 30, 2007 and as a result, we released approximately $46 million in reserves for uncertain tax benefits relating to such audit. The IRS is currently examining PBG’s tax returns for the2003-2005 tax years. While it is often difficult to predict the final outcome or the timing of the resolution of an audit, we believe that our reserves for uncertain tax benefits reflect the outcome of tax positions that is more likely than not to occur. The resolution of a matter could be recognized as an adjustment to our provision for income taxes and our effective tax rate in the period of resolution, and may also require a use of cash.
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For further information about our income taxes see Note 11 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH PEPSICO
PepsiCo is a related party due to the nature of our franchise relationship and its ownership interest in our company. More than 80 percent of our volume is derived from the sale of brands from PepsiCo. At December 29, 2007, PepsiCo owned approximately 35.2 percent of our outstanding common stock and 100 percent of our outstanding class B common stock, together representing approximately 41.7 percent of the voting power of all classes of our voting stock. In addition, at December 29, 2007, PepsiCo owned 6.7 percent of the equity of Bottling LLC. We fully consolidate the results of Bottling LLC and present PepsiCo’s share as minority interest in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
On March 1, 2007, together with PepsiCo we formed PR Beverages Limited (“PR Beverages”), a venture that will enable us to strategically invest in Russia to accelerate our growth. PBG contributed its business in Russia to PR Beverages, and PepsiCo entered into bottling agreements with PR Beverages for PepsiCo beverage products sold in Russia on the same terms as in effect for PBG immediately prior to the venture. PepsiCo also granted PR Beverages an exclusive license to manufacture and sell the concentrate for such products.
We fully consolidate PR Beverages into our financial statements and record minority interest expense for PepsiCo’s 40 percent share of the venture’s net income. Increases in gross profit and operating income resulting from the consolidation of the venture are offset by minority interest expense related to PepsiCo’s share. Minority interest expense is recorded below operating income. For further information about PR Beverages see Note 6 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Our business is conducted primarily under beverage agreements with PepsiCo, including a master bottling agreement, non-cola bottling agreements, distribution agreements and a master syrup agreement. These agreements provide PepsiCo with the ability, at its sole discretion, to establish prices, and other terms and conditions for our purchase of concentrates and finished products from PepsiCo. PepsiCo provides us with bottler funding to support a variety of trade and consumer programs, such as consumer incentives, advertising support, new product support and vending and cooler equipment placement. The nature and type of programs, as well as the level of funding, vary annually. Additionally, under a shared services agreement, we obtain various services from PepsiCo, which include services for information technology maintenance and the procurement of raw materials. We also provide services to PepsiCo, including facility and credit and collection support.
Because we depend on PepsiCo to provide us with concentrate which we use in the production of carbonated soft drinks andnon-carbonated beverages, bottler incentives and various services, changes in our relationship with PepsiCo could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
For further information about our relationship with PepsiCo and its affiliates see Note 13 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS
ITEMS AFFECTING COMPARABILITY OF OUR FINANCIAL RESULTS
Certain reclassifications were made to the prior years’ Consolidated Financial Statements to conform to the current year presentation, including a classification correction for certain miscellaneous costs incurred from product losses in the trade. Approximately $90 million and $92 million of costs incurred, which were incorrectly included in selling, delivery and administrative expenses, were reclassified to cost of sales in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended 2006 and 2005, respectively.
The year-over-year comparisons of our financial results are affected by the following items included in our reported results:
December 29, | December 30, | December 31, | |||||||||
Income/(Expense) | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||
Gross profit | |||||||||||
PR Beverages | $ | 29 | – | – | |||||||
Operating income | |||||||||||
PR Beverages | 29 | – | – | ||||||||
Restructuring Charges | (30 | ) | – | – | |||||||
Full Service Vending Rationalization | (23 | ) | – | – | |||||||
HFCS Litigation Settlement | – | – | $ | 29 | |||||||
53rd Week | – | – | 24 | ||||||||
Strategic Spending Initiatives | – | – | (48 | ) | |||||||
Net income | |||||||||||
Restructuring Charges | (22 | ) | – | – | |||||||
Full Service Vending Rationalization | (13 | ) | – | – | |||||||
Tax Audit Settlement | 46 | $ | 55 | – | |||||||
Tax Law Changes | 10 | 10 | – | ||||||||
HFCS Litigation Settlement | – | – | 17 | ||||||||
53rd Week | – | – | 12 | ||||||||
Strategic Spending Initiatives | – | – | (28 | ) | |||||||
Diluted earnings per share | |||||||||||
Restructuring Charges | (0.09 | ) | – | – | |||||||
Full Service Vending Rationalization | (0.06 | ) | – | – | |||||||
Tax Audit Settlement | 0.20 | 0.22 | – | ||||||||
Tax Law Changes | 0.04 | 0.05 | – | ||||||||
HFCS Litigation Settlement | – | – | 0.07 | ||||||||
53rd Week | – | – | 0.05 | ||||||||
Strategic Spending Initiatives | – | – | (0.12 | ) | |||||||
2007 Items
PR Beverages
For further information about PR Beverages see “Our Relationship with PepsiCo.”
Restructuring Charges
Organizational Realignment – In the third quarter of 2007, we announced a restructuring program to realign the Company’s organization to adapt to changes in the marketplace, improve operating efficiencies and enhance the growth potential of the Co mpany’s product portfolio. We anticipate the program to be substantially complete by the end of the first quarter of 2008. As part of the Organizational Realignment we reduced the number of business units in the U.S. & Canada from eight to six to centralize decision making and increase speed to market, resulting in the elimination of approximately 200 positions. The restructuring program also resulted in the elimination of approximately 650 positions in Mexico and Europe, many of which were hourly frontline positions in warehouse and production. In connection with the elimination of positions primarily in Mexico, we made approximately $4 million of employee benefit payments pursuant to existing unfunded termination indemnity plans. These benefit payments have been accrued for in previous periods and, therefore, are not included in our estimated cost for this program. We expect to recognize annual cost savings of approximately $30 million as a result of the program.
The Organizational Realignment is expected to cost $30 to $35 million over the course of the program, which is primarily for severance, relocation and other employee-related benefits. As of December 29, 2007, we had eliminated approximately 800 positions across all reporting segments and incurred a pre-tax charge of approximately $26 million, which was recorded in selling, delivery, and administrative expenses. The remaining costs are expected to be incurred in the first quarter of 2008.
Substantially all costs associated with the Organizational Realignment required cash payments in 2007 or will require cash payments in 2008. The total after-tax cash expenditures, including payments made pursuant to existing unfunded indemnity plans, are expected to be approximately $26 million, of which $14 million was recognized in 2007, with the balance to occur in 2008.
Other Restructuring Charges – In the fourth quarter of 2007, we implemented and completed an additional phase of restructuring actions to improve operating efficiencies. In addition to the amounts discussed above, we recorded a pre-tax charge of approximately $4 million in selling, delivery and administrative expenses, primarily related to employee termination costs in Mexico, and eliminated an additional 800 positions as a result of this phase of the restructuring. We expect to recognize annual cost savings of approximately $7 million.
Full Service Vending Rationalization
Due to changing customer and consumer demands we evaluated the investment returns on our Full Service Vending (“FSV”) business in the U.S. and Canada. Our FSV business portfolio consists of accounts whereby PBG stocks and services vending equipment. Our review identified opportunity to improve our return on these assets. On October 1, 2007, we adopted a FSV Rationalization plan, which we expect to complete by the end of the second quarter of 2008, to rationalize our vending asset base by disposing of older underperforming assets and redeploying certain assets to higher
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return accounts. This action is part of the Company’s broader initiative designed to improve operating income margins of our FSV business.
Over the course of the FSV Rationalization plan, we will incur a pre-tax charge of $30 to $35 million, the majority of which is non-cash, including costs associated with the removal of these assets from service, disposal costs and redeployment expenses.
During the fourth quarter of 2007 we incurred a pre-tax charge of approximately $23 million in connection with this action. The pre-tax charge, the majority of which is non-cash, is recorded in selling, delivery and administrative expenses.
For further information about our restructuring charges and FSV Rationalization see Note 14 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Tax Audit Settlement
During the third quarter of 2007, PBG recorded a net non-cash benefit of approximately $46 million to income tax expense related to the reversal of reserves for uncertain tax benefits resulting from the expiration of the statute of limitations on the IRS audit of our U.S. 2001 and 2002 tax returns.
Tax Law Changes
During 2007, tax law changes were enacted in Canada and Mexico, which required us to re-measure our deferred tax assets and liabilities. The impact of the reduction in tax rates in Canada was partially offset by the tax law changes in Mexico which decreased our income tax expense on a net basis. After the impact of minority interest, net income increased approximately $10 million as a result of these tax law changes. For further information see our 2007 Income Tax Expense discussion below.
2006 Items
Tax Law Changes
During 2006, tax law changes were enacted in Canada, Turkey and in various state jurisdictions in the U.S. which decreased our income tax expense. After the impact of minority interest, net income increased by approximately $10 million as a result of these tax law changes. For further information see our 2006 Income Tax Expense discussion below.
Tax Audit Settlement
During the fourth quarter of 2006, PBG recorded a tax gain from the reversal of approximately $55 million of tax contingency reserves. These reserves, which related to the IRS audit of PBG’s1999-2000 income tax returns, resulted from the expiration of the statute of limitations for this IRS audit on December 30, 2006.
2005 Items
High Fructose Corn Syrup (“HFCS”) Litigation Settlement
Included in our selling, delivery and administrative expenses for 2005 was a pre-tax gain of $29 million in the U.S. from the settlement of the HFCS class action lawsuit. The lawsuit related to purchases of high fructose corn syrup by several companies, including bottling entities owned and operated by PepsiCo, during the period from July 1, 1991 to June 30, 1995 (the “Claims Period”). Certain of the bottling entities owned by PepsiCo during the Claims Period were transferred to PBG when PepsiCo formed PBG in 1999. With respect to these entities, which we currently operate, we received $23 million in HFCS settlement proceeds. We received an additional $6 million in HFCS settlement proceeds related to bottling operations not previously owned by PepsiCo, such as manufacturing co-operatives of which we are a member.
53rd Week
Our fiscal year ends on the last Saturday in December and, as a result, a 53rd week is added every five or six years. Fiscal years 2007 and 2006 consisted of 52 weeks. In 2005, our fiscal year consisted of 53 weeks. Our 2005 results included pre-tax income of approximately $19 million due to the 53rd week, which increased our operating income by $24 million offset by additional interest expense of $5 million.
Strategic Spending Initiatives
We reinvested both the pre-tax gain of $29 million from the HFCS settlement and the pre-tax income of $19 million from the 53rd week in long-term strategic spending initiatives in the U.S., Canada and Europe. The strategic spending initiatives, which were recorded in selling, delivery and administrative expenses, included programs designed primarily to enhance our customer service agenda, drive productivity and improve our management information systems.
FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE SUMMARY AND WORLDWIDE FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS FOR FISCAL YEAR 2007
December 29, | December 30, | Fiscal Year | ||||||||
2007 | 2006 | % Change | ||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 13,591 | $ | 12,730 | 7 | % | ||||
Cost of sales | 7,370 | 6,900 | 7 | |||||||
Gross profit | 6,221 | 5,830 | 7 | |||||||
Selling, delivery and administrative (“SD&A”) expenses | 5,150 | 4,813 | 7 | |||||||
Operating income | 1,071 | 1,017 | 5 | |||||||
Net income | 532 | 522 | 2 | |||||||
Diluted earnings per share(1) | $ | 2.29 | $ | 2.16 | 6 | % | ||||
(1) | Percentage change for diluted earnings per share is calculated by using earnings per share data that is expanded to the fourth decimal place. |
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The impact of foreign currency translation, driven by the strength of the Canadian Dollar, the Euro, the Turkish Lira and the Russian Ruble, contributed approximately two percentage points of growth in worldwide net revenues, cost of sales, gross profit, and selling, delivery and administrative expenses, and contributed approximately one percentage point of growth in worldwide operating income.
Net revenues – Growth of seven percent driven primarily by rate increases across all segments.
Cost of sales – Increase of seven percent primarily attributable to higher raw material and concentrate costs.
Gross profit – Growth of seven percent reflected successful pricing actions which offset higher raw material and concentrate costs. Consolidation of PR Beverages contributed less than one percentage point to this growth.
SD&A expenses – Increase of seven percent driven primarily by higher operating expenses, specifically in Mexico and Russia and strategic spending initiatives in the U.S. & Canada segment for Hydration. The restructuring charges and FSV Rationalization plan contributed approximately one percentage point to the increase. Increases in SD&A expenses were mitigated by cost productivity improvements and disciplined cost management, primarily in the U.S.
Operating income – Growth of five percent due to strong gross profit, partially offset by an increase in SD&A expenses. Operating income growth benefited by three percentage points from the accounting for the consolidation of PR Beverages in our financial results. The restructuring charges and the FSV Rationalization plan decreased operating income growth by five percentage points.
Net income and Diluted Earnings per Share – Growth of two percent reflected strong worldwide operating income, partially offset by the year-over-year comparability of tax items. Growth in net income, coupled with additional share repurchases increased diluted earnings per share by six percent.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Except where noted, tables and discussion are presented as compared to the prior fiscal year. Growth rates are rounded to the nearest whole percentage.
Volume
2007 vs. 2006
U.S. & | ||||||||||||||||
Worldwide | Canada | Europe | Mexico | |||||||||||||
Base volume | 0 | % | 0 | % | 4 | % | (2 | )% | ||||||||
Acquisitions | 1 | – | – | 3 | ||||||||||||
Total Volume Change | 1 | % | 0 | % | 4 | % | 1 | % | ||||||||
Our worldwide physical case volume increased one percent, driven primarily by the Bebidas Purificadas, S.A. de C.V. (“Bepusa”) acquisition in Mexico in June of 2006 and growth in our Europe segment, most notably in Russia, partially offset by a decrease of two percent in Mexico’s base business volume.
In our U.S. & Canada segment, volume was unchanged, driven primarily by flat volume in the U.S. Our performance in the U.S. reflected growth in the take-home channel of approximately one percent, driven primarily by growth in supercenters, wholesale clubs and mass merchandisers. This growth was offset by a decline of three percent in the cold-drink channel, as a result of declines in our small format and foodservice channels. From a brand perspective, our U.S. non-carbonated portfolio increased six percent, reflecting significant increases in Trademark Lipton and water coupled with strong growth in energy drinks. The growth in our U.S. non-carbonated portfolio was offset by declines in our carbonated soft drink (“CSD”) portfolio of three percent, driven primarily by declines in Trademark Pepsi.
In Canada, volume grew two percent, driven primarily bythree-percent growth in the cold-drink channel and two-percent growth in the take-home channel. From a brand perspective, our non-carbonated portfolio increased 13 percent, reflecting a 12-percent increase in Trademark Lipton and a five-percent increase in water.
In our Europe segment, overall volume grew four percent. This growth was driven primarily by 17-percent growth in Russia, partially offset by declines of eight percent in Spain and two percent in Turkey. Volume increases in Russia were strong in all channels, led by growth of 40 percent in our non-carbonated portfolio.
In our Mexico segment, overall volume increased one percent, driven primarily by the Bepusa acquisition, partially offset by a decrease of two percent in base business volume. This decrease was primarily attributable to four-percent declines in both CSD and jug water volumes, mitigated by nine-percent growth in bottled water and greater than 40-percent growth in non-carbonated beverages.
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2006 vs. 2005
U.S. & | ||||||||||||||||
Worldwide | Canada | Europe | Mexico | |||||||||||||
Base volume | 3 | % | 3 | % | 7 | % | 1 | % | ||||||||
Acquisitions | 1 | 1 | – | 3 | ||||||||||||
Impact of 53rd week in 2005 | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | – | – | ||||||||||
Total Volume Change | 3 | % | 2 | % | 7 | % | 4 | % | ||||||||
Our full-year reported worldwide physical case volume increased three percent. Worldwide volume growth reflects increases across all segments.
In the U.S. & Canada, volume growth, excluding the impact from acquisitions and the impact of the 53rd week in 2005, was fueled by strong brand performance across non-carbonated beverages, innovation and our ability to capture the growth in emerging channels such as Club and Dollar stores.
In the U.S., volume increased three percent due mainly to athree-percent increase in base business volume and a one-percent increase from acquisitions that was offset by the impact of the 53rd week in 2005. Base business volume growth was driven by a strong increase in both water and other non-carbonated beverages, fueled by outstanding growth in Lipton Iced Tea and energy drinks. Our total CSD portfolio decreased about one percent, mostly driven by declines in Trademark Pepsi.Our flavored CSD portfolio increased about two percent due to growth in Trademark Mountain Dew. From a channel perspective, growth in the U.S. was driven by afour-percent increase in our take-home channel as a result of increases in Club and Dollar stores as well as mass retailers and drug stores, and a two-percent increase in our cold-drink channel. Cold-drink growth was driven by strong results in the foodservice channel and in the convenience and gas channel.
In Canada, volume increased about one percent, primarily driven by a two-percent increase in base business and partially offset by the impact of the 53rd week in 2005. Base business growth was primarily driven by strong growth in both water and other non-carbonated beverages.
In Europe, volume grew seven percent, driven by significant increases in Russia and Turkey. Solid growth in our non-carbonated portfolio, including bottled water and Lipton Iced Tea, Trademark Pepsi and local brands helped drive overall growth in these countries.
In Mexico, excluding the impact of acquisitions, volume increased one percent, mainly as a result of growth in bottled water and other non-carbonated beverages and partially offset by declines in jug water and CSD volume.
Net Revenues
2007 vs. 2006
U.S. & | ||||||||||||||||
Worldwide | Canada | Europe | Mexico | |||||||||||||
Volume impact | 0 | % | 0 | % | 4 | % | (2 | )% | ||||||||
Net price per case impact (rate/mix) | 4 | 4 | 9 | 7 | ||||||||||||
Acquisitions | 1 | – | – | 3 | ||||||||||||
Currency translation | 2 | 0 | 9 | 0 | ||||||||||||
Total Net Revenues Change | 7 | % | 4 | % | 22 | % | 8 | % | ||||||||
Worldwide net revenues were $13.6 billion in 2007, a seven-percent increase over the prior year. The increase was driven primarily by strong increases in net price per case across all segments as a result of rate gains. The positive impact of foreign currency translation in Canada and Europe also contributed to the overall increase in net revenues for the year.
In our U.S. & Canada segment, four-percent growth in net revenues was driven mainly by increases in net price per case as a result of rate gains. The favorable impact of Canada’s foreign currency translation added slightly less than one-percentage point of growth to the segment’s four-percent increase. In the U.S., we achieved revenue growth as a result of a net price per case improvement of four percent.
In our Europe segment, 22-percent growth in net revenues reflected exceptionally strong increases in net price per case, strong volume growth in Russia and the positive impact of foreign currency translation. Growth in net revenues in Europe was mainly driven by a 44-percent increase in Russia.
In our Mexico segment, eight-percent growth in net revenues reflected strong increases in net price per case, and the impact of the Bepusa acquisition, partially offset by declines in base business volume.
2006 vs. 2005
U.S. & | ||||||||||||||||
Worldwide | Canada | Europe | Mexico | |||||||||||||
Volume impact | 3 | % | 3 | % | 7 | % | 1 | % | ||||||||
Net price per case impact (rate/mix) | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Acquisitions | 1 | 1 | – | 3 | ||||||||||||
Currency translation | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||||||
Impact of 53rd week in 2005 | (1 | ) | (2 | ) | – | – | ||||||||||
Total Net Revenues Change | 7 | % | 6 | % | 12 | % | 9 | % | ||||||||
Worldwide net revenues were $12.7 billion in 2006, a seven-percent increase over the prior year. The increase in net revenues for the year was driven primarily by strong volume growth and solid increases in net price per case across all segments, coupled with the impact of acquisitions in the U.S. and Mexico and the favorable impact from foreign currency translation in Canada. This growth was partially offset by the impact of the 53rd week in 2005 in our
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U.S. & Canada segment. Increases in net price per case were primarily driven by rate improvements across all segments.
In the U.S. & Canada, six-percent growth in net revenues was consistent with worldwide trends. In the U.S., we achieved revenue growth of five percent with three-percent volume growth due primarily to base business volume increases in water andnon-carbonated beverages. Net price per case in the U.S. increased by three percent mainly due to rate increases. In Canada, revenue growth of 12 percent was driven primarily by the favorable impact of foreign currency translation, coupled with a three-percent increase in net price per case and volume improvements of one percent.
Net revenues in Europe increased 12 percent, driven primarily by significant volume growth in Russia and Turkey and strong increases in net price per case primarily as a result of rate increases.
In Mexico, net revenues increased nine percent mostly due to strong increases in net price per case as a result of rate increases and the impact of acquisitions, coupled with positive volume growth.
Cost of Sales
2007 vs. 2006
Worldwide | ||||
Volume impact | 0 | % | ||
Cost per case impact | 4 | |||
Acquisitions | 1 | |||
Currency translation | 2 | |||
PR Beverages | 0 | |||
Total Cost of Sales Change | 7 | % | ||
Worldwide cost of sales was $7.4 billion in 2007, a seven-percent increase over the prior year. The growth in cost of sales across all segments was mainly due to cost per case increases resulting from higher raw material and concentrate costs, coupled with the negative impact of foreign currency translation.
In our U.S. & Canada segment, five-percent growth in cost of sales mainly reflected cost per case increases resulting from higher concentrate and sweetener costs, coupled with a one-percentage point negative impact from foreign currency translation.
In our Europe segment, a 16-percent increase in cost of sales reflected a nine-percentage point impact from foreign currency translation, cost per case increases resulting from higher raw material costs, a shift in package mix and strong volume growth. These increases were partially offset by a three-percentage point impact from consolidating PR Beverages in our financial results. For further information about PR Beverages see Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
In our Mexico segment, cost of sales increased nine percent, reflecting cost per case increases as a result of significant increases in sweetener costs, coupled with the impact from the Bepusa acquisition in the prior year and partially offset by base volume declines.
2006 vs. 2005
Worldwide | ||||
Volume impact | 3 | % | ||
Cost per case impact | 5 | |||
Acquisitions | 1 | |||
Currency translation | 1 | |||
Impact of 53rd week in 2005 | (1 | ) | ||
Total Cost of Sales Change | 9 | % | ||
Worldwide cost of sales was $6.9 billion in 2006, a nine-percent increase over 2005. The growth in cost of sales across all of our segments was driven by cost per case increases and volume growth. Worldwidecost-per-case increases were driven primarily by increases in raw material costs and the impact of package mix. Changes in our package mix were driven by faster volume growth in higher cost non-carbonated products. The impact of acquisitions in the U.S. and Mexico and the negative impact of foreign currency translation in Canada each contributed about one percentage point of growth to our worldwide increase, which was partially offset by the impact of the 53rd week in the prior year in our U.S. & Canada segment.
Selling, Delivery and Administrative Expenses
2007 vs. 2006
Worldwide | ||||
Cost impact (without Restructuring Charges and FSV Rationalization) | 4 | % | ||
Restructuring Charges and FSV Rationalization | 1 | |||
Currency translation | 2 | |||
Total SD&A Change | 7 | % | ||
Worldwide SD&A expenses were $5.2 billion in 2007, a seven-percent increase over the prior year. Increases in worldwide SD&A expenses reflect higher operating expenses, specifically in Mexico and Russia, strategic spending initiatives primarily in the U.S. related to Hydration and the impact of foreign currency translation. Additionally, the restructuring charges and FSV Rationalization plan added a one-percentage point increase to growth in SD&A expenses. These increases were partially offset by cost productivity improvements and disciplined cost management, especially in the U.S.
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2006 vs. 2005
Worldwide | ||||
Cost impact | 5 | % | ||
Adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006 | 1 | |||
Acquisitions | 1 | |||
HFCS Settlement in 2005 | 1 | |||
Strategic Spending Initiatives in 2005 | (1 | ) | ||
Currency translation | 1 | |||
Impact of 53rd week in 2005 | (1 | ) | ||
Total SD&A Change | 7 | % | ||
Worldwide SD&A expenses were $4.8 billion, a seven-percent increase over 2005. This increase was driven by volume growth and higher wage and benefit costs across all of our segments, increased pension expense in the U.S and planned spending as a result of investment in high-growth European markets. Additionally, the prior year combined impact from the strategic spending initiatives and the additional expenses from the 53rd week in our U.S. & Canada segment, partially offset by the pre-tax gain in the U.S. from the HFCS settlement decreased our worldwide SD&A growth in 2006 by approximately one percentage point.
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”). Among its provisions, SFAS 123R requires the Company to recognize compensation expense for equity awards over the vesting period based on the award’s grant-date fair value. The impact from the adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006 contributed approximately one percentage point of growth to our worldwide increase in SD&A expenses.
Operating Income
2007 vs. 2006
Worldwide operating income was $1.1 billion in 2007, a five-percent increase over the prior year. The increase was driven by strong results in the U.S. & Canada and Europe segments and partially offset by a decline in our Mexico segment. This increase was partially offset by a two-percentage point impact from the restructuring charges and FSV Rationalization plan, net of the impact from the accounting for the consolidation of PR Beverages.
In our U.S. & Canada segment, two-percent growth in operating income was a result of strong gross profit improvement, coupled with cost productivity improvements. These improvements were partially offset by both a five-percentage point impact from the Organizational Realignment program and the FSV Rationalization plan as well as higher SD&A expenses. Higher SD&A expenses were partially attributable to strategic initiatives in connection with Hydration.
In our Europe segment, operating income increased 86 percent, reflecting the positive impact from the consolidation of PR Beverages in our financial results, strong increases in net price per case, cost productivity improvements and the impact of foreign currency translation. This growth was partially offset by costs associated with the Organizational Realignment program.
In our Mexico segment, operating income decreased 13 percent as a result of declines in base business volume, significant increases in sweetener costs, and higher SD&A expenses, including a four-percentage point impact from restructuring charges incurred in the fourth quarter.
2006 vs. 2005
Worldwide operating income was down less than one percent as a result of the six-percentage point negative impact from the adoption of SFAS 123R. All of our segments had strong net gross profit.
In our U.S. & Canada segment, operating income was down five percent as a result of the six-percentage point negative impact from the adoption of SFAS 123R. Additionally, the prior year combined impact from the pre-tax gain in the U.S. from the HFCS settlement and the additional income from the 53rd week, partially offset by the prior year strategic spending initiatives decreased our operating income growth in the current year by approximately two percentage points.
Interest Expense, net
2007 vs. 2006
Net interest expense increased by $8 million largely due to higher effective interest rates and additional interest associated with higher average debt balances throughout the year.
2006 vs. 2005
Net interest expense increased by $16 million largely due to higher effective interest rates from interest rate swaps which convert our fixed-rate debt to variable-rate debt.
Other Non-Operating (Income) Expenses, net
2007 vs. 2006
Other net non-operating income was $6 million in 2007 as compared to $11 million of net non-operating expenses in 2006. Income in 2007 was primarily a result of foreign exchange gains due to the strength of the Canadian Dollar, Turkish Lira, Russian Ruble and Euro. The expense position in 2006 was primarily a result of foreign exchange losses associated with the devaluation of the Turkish Lira.
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2006 vs. 2005
Other net non-operating expenses increased by $10 million primarily due to foreign exchange losses associated with the devaluation of the Turkish Lira. This devaluation caused transactional losses due to the revaluation of our U.S. dollar denominated liabilities in Turkey, which were repaid in June of 2006.
Minority Interest
2007 vs. 2006
In 2007, minority interest primarily reflects PepsiCo’s ownership in Bottling LLC of 6.7 percent, coupled with their 40 percent ownership in the PR Beverages venture. The $35 million increase in 2007 is primarily driven by PepsiCo’s minority interest in the PR Beverages venture. The remaining increase is a result of higher operating results in Bottling LLC.
2006 vs. 2005
Minority interest primarily represents PepsiCo’s approximate 6.7 percent ownership in Bottling LLC for both years ended 2006 and 2005.
Income Tax Expense
2007 vs. 2006
Our effective tax rate for 2007 and 2006 was 25.0 percent and 23.4 percent, respectively. The increase in our effective tax rate is primarily due to year-over-year comparability associated with the reversal of tax contingency reserves resulting from the expiration of the statute of limitations on the IRS audits in 2007 versus 2006. The tax law changes enacted in 2007 and 2006 that required us to re-measure our deferred taxes had approximately the same impact in both years.
2006 vs. 2005
Our effective tax rate for 2006 and 2005 was 23.4 percent and 34.7 percent, respectively. The decrease in our effective tax rate is due primarily to the reversal of tax contingency reserves of approximately $55 million relating to the completion of the IRS audit of PBG’s1999-2000 income tax returns. In addition, during 2006, changes to the income tax laws in Canada, Turkey and certain jurisdictions within the U.S. were enacted. These tax law changes required us to re-measure our net deferred tax liabilities using lower tax rates which decreased our income tax expense by approximately $11 million during the year ended December 30, 2006, resulting in an increase in net income of $10 million after the impact of minority interest.
Diluted Weighted-Average Shares Outstanding
Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if equity awards from our stock compensation plans were exercised and converted into common stock that would then participate in net income.
Our diluted weighted-average shares outstanding for 2007, 2006 and 2005 were 233 million, 242 million and 250 million, respectively.
The decrease in shares outstanding reflects the effect of our share repurchase program, which began in October 1999, partially offset by share issuances from the exercise of stock options. The amount of shares authorized by the Board of Directors to be repurchased totals 150 million shares, of which we have repurchased approximately 13 million shares in 2007 and 132 million shares since the inception of our share repurchase program. For further discussion on our earnings per share calculation see Note 3 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
Cash Flows
2007 vs. 2006
Net cash provided by operations increased by $209 million to $1,437 million in 2007. Increases in net cash provided by operations were driven by higher cash profits and favorable working capital.
Net cash used for investments increased by $152 million to $883 million, driven by higher capital spending due to strategic investments in the U.S. and Russia, including the building of new plants in Las Vegas and Moscow and additional dedicated water lines in the U.S.
Net cash used for financing increased by $193 million to $564 million, driven primarily by lower net proceeds from long-term debt partially offset by lower share repurchases in 2007.
2006 vs. 2005
Net cash provided by operations increased by $9 million to $1,228 million in 2006. Increases in net cash provided by operations were driven by higher cash profits, lower tax disbursements and lower pension contributions, partially offset by the impact of strong collections in the prior year. In 2005, net cash provided by operations included the excess tax benefit from the exercise of stock options. Beginning with the adoption of SFAS 123R in 2006, the excess tax benefit from the exercise of stock options is now required to be included in cash flows from financing activities.
Net cash used for investments decreased by $111 million to $731 million, principally reflecting lower acquisition costs, partially offset by higher capital spending.
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Net cash used for financing increased by $188 million to $371 million, driven primarily by the repayment of our $500 million note and other long-term debt, reduction in our short-term borrowings and higher dividend payments, partially offset by the proceeds from the $800 million bond issuance in March of 2006.
Capital Expenditures
Our business requires substantial infrastructure investments to maintain our existing level of operations and to fund investments targeted at growing our business. Capital expenditures included in our cash flows from investing activities totaled $854 million, $725 million and $715 million during 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Capital expenditures increased $129 million in 2007 as a result of the strategic investments described above.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our principal sources of cash come from our operating activities and the issuance of debt and bank borrowings. We believe that these cash inflows will be sufficient to fund capital expenditures, benefit plan contributions, acquisitions, share repurchases, dividends and working capital requirements for the foreseeable future. Our liquidity has not been materially impacted by the current credit environment.
Long-Term Debt Activities
We had no significant long-term debt activities during 2007.
On March 30, 2006, Bottling LLC issued $800 million of 5.50% senior notes due 2016 (the “Notes”). The net proceeds received, after deducting the underwriting discount and offering expenses, were approximately $793 million. The net proceeds were used to repay outstanding commercial paper and the 2.45% senior notes due October of 2006. The Notes are general unsecured obligations and rank on an equal basis with all of Bottling LLC’s other existing and future unsecured indebtedness and are senior to all of Bottling LLC’s future subordinated indebtedness.
Short-Term Debt Activities
In October 2007, we amended and restated our existing $450 million committed revolving credit facility to increase the credit limit to $1.2 billion and provide for a new maturity date of October 2012 (“2007 Agreement”). The existing $550 million committed revolving credit facility was terminated. Our committed credit facility of $1.2 billion, which is guaranteed by Bottling LLC, supports our $1.2 billion commercial paper program. Subject to certain conditions stated in the 2007 Agreement, funds borrowed may also be used to issue standby letters of credit up to $400 million and for general corporate purposes during the term of the agreement.
At December 29, 2007, we had $50 million in outstanding commercial paper with a weighted-average interest rate of 5.3 percent. At December 30, 2006, we had $115 million in outstanding commercial paper with a weighted-average interest rate of 5.4 percent.
In addition to the revolving credit facility, we had available bank credit lines of approximately $748 million at year-end 2007. These lines were primarily used to support the general operating needs of our international locations. As of year-end 2007, we had $190 million outstanding under these lines of credit at a weighted-average interest rate of 5.3 percent. As of year-end 2006, we had available short-term bank credit lines of approximately $741 million and $242 million was outstanding under these lines of credit at a weighted-average interest rate of 5.0 percent.
Our peak borrowing timeframe varies with our working capital requirements and the seasonality of our business. Additionally, throughout the year, we may have further short-term borrowing requirements driven by other operational needs of our business. During 2007, borrowings from our commercial paper program in the U.S. peaked at $470 million. Borrowings from our line of credit facilities peaked at $466 million, reflecting payments for working capital requirements.
Debt Covenants and Credit Ratings
Certain of our senior notes have redemption features andnon-financial covenants that will, among other things, limit our ability to create or assume liens, enter into sale and lease-back transactions, engage in mergers or consolidations and transfer or lease all or substantially all of our assets. Additionally, certain of our credit facilities and senior notes have financial covenants. These requirements are not, and it is not anticipated they will become, restrictive to our liquidity or capital resources. We are in compliance with all debt covenants. For a discussion of our covenants, see Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Our credit ratings are periodically reviewed by rating agencies. Currently our long-term ratings from Moody’s and Standard and Poors’ are A2 and A, respectively. Changes in our operating results or financial position could impact the ratings assigned by the various agencies resulting in higher or lower borrowing costs.
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Contractual Obligations
The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 29, 2007:
Payments Due by Period | ||||||||||||||||
2009- | 2011- | 2013 and | ||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations | Total | 2008 | 2010 | 2012 | beyond | |||||||||||
Long-term debt obligations(1) | $ | 4,779 | $ | 3 | $ | 1,326 | $ | 1,000 | $ | 2,450 | ||||||
Capital lease obligations(2) | 11 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||||
Operating leases(2) | 272 | 54 | 71 | 32 | 115 | |||||||||||
Interest obligations(3) | 2,419 | 262 | 421 | 382 | 1,354 | |||||||||||
Purchase obligations: | ||||||||||||||||
Raw material obligations(4) | 199 | 119 | 69 | 11 | – | |||||||||||
Capital expenditure obligations(5) | 81 | 81 | – | – | – | |||||||||||
Other obligations(6) | 371 | 150 | 110 | 53 | 58 | |||||||||||
Other long-term liabilities(7) | 36 | 18 | 7 | 5 | 6 | |||||||||||
Total | $ | 8,168 | $ | 691 | $ | 2,007 | $ | 1,485 | $ | 3,985 | ||||||
(1) | See Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information relating to our long-term debt obligations. |
(2) | See Note 8 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information relating to our lease obligations. |
(3) | Represents interest payment obligations related to our long-term fixed-rate debt as specified in the applicable debt agreements. A portion of our long-term debt has variable interest rates due to either existing swap agreements or interest arrangements. We estimated our variable interest payment obligations by using the interest rate forward curve. |
(4) | Represents obligations to purchase raw materials pursuant to contracts entered into by PepsiCo on our behalf and international agreements to purchase raw materials. |
(5) | Represents commitments to suppliers under capital expenditure related contracts or purchase orders. |
(6) | Represents non-cancelable agreements that specify fixed or minimum quantities, price arrangements and timing of payments. Also includes agreements that provide for termination penalty clauses. |
(7) | Primarily represents non-compete contracts that resulted from business acquisitions and also includes an estimated $7 million related to the current portion of unrecognized tax benefits. The non-current portion of unrecognized tax benefits recorded on the balance sheet as of December 29, 2007 is not included in the table. For additional information about our income taxes see Note 11 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. |
This table excludes our pension and postretirement liabilities recorded on the balance sheet. For a discussion of our future pension and postretirement contributions and payments, as well as expected benefit payments see Note 10 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
There are no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
MARKET RISKS AND CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures
about Market Risk
about Market Risk
In the normal course of business, our financial position is routinely subject to a variety of risks. These risks include the risk associated with the price of commodities purchased and used in our business, interest rates on outstanding debt and currency movements impacting ournon-U.S. dollar denominated assets and liabilities. We are also subject to the risks associated with the business environment in which we operate. We regularly assess all of these risks and have policies and procedures in place to protect against the adverse effects of these exposures.
Our objective in managing our exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates is to minimize the volatility of earnings and cash flows associated with changes in the applicable rates and prices. To achieve this objective, we have derivative instruments to hedge against the risk of adverse movements in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency. Our corporate policy prohibits the use of derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes, and we have procedures in place to monitor and control their use. See Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information relating to our derivative instruments.
A sensitivity analysis has been prepared to determine the effects that market risk exposures may have on our financial instruments. We performed the sensitivity analyses for hypothetical changes in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates and changes in our stock price on our unfunded deferred compensation liability. Information provided by these sensitivity analyses does not necessarily represent the actual changes in fair value that we would incur under normal market conditions because, due to practical limitations, all variables other than the specific market risk factor were held constant. As a result, the reported changes in the values of some financial instruments that are affected by the sensitivity analyses are not matched with the offsetting changes in the values of the items that those instruments are designed to finance or hedge.
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Commodity Price Risk
We are subject to market risks with respect to commodities because our ability to recover increased costs through higher pricing may be limited by the competitive environment in which we operate. We use future and option contracts to hedge the risk of adverse movements in commodity prices related primarily to anticipated purchases of raw materials and energy used in our operations. With respect to commodity price risk, we currently have various contracts outstanding for commodity purchases in 2008, which establish our purchase prices within defined ranges. We estimate that a 10-percent decrease in commodity prices with all other variables held constant would have resulted in a decrease in the fair value of our financial instruments of $7 million at December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk is present with both fixed and floating-rate debt. We effectively converted $550 million of our senior notes to floating rate debt through the use of interest rate swaps. Changes in interest rates on our interest rate swaps and other variable debt would change our interest expense. We estimate that a 50-basis point increase in interest rates on our variable rate debt and cash equivalents with all other variables held constant would have resulted in an increase to net interest expense of $2 million in 2007 and 2006.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
In 2007, approximately 26 percent of our operating income came from outside the United States. Social, economic and political conditions in these international markets may adversely affect our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. The overall risks to our international businesses include changes in foreign governmental policies and other social, political or economic developments. These developments may lead to new product pricing, tax or other policies and monetary fluctuations that may adversely impact our business. In addition, our results of operations and the value of the foreign assets and liabilities are affected by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.
As currency exchange rates change, translation of the statements of operations of our businesses outside the U.S. into U.S. dollars affects year-over-year comparability. We generally have not hedged against these types of currency risks because cash flows from our international operations have been reinvested locally.
We have foreign currency transactional risks in certain of our international territories for transactions that are denominated in currencies that are different from their functional currency. We have entered into forward exchange contracts to hedge portions of our forecasted U.S. dollar cash flows in our Canadian business. A10-percent weaker U.S. dollar against the Canadian dollar, with all other variables held constant, would result in a decrease in the fair value of these contracts of $6 million and $11 million at December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, respectively. The decrease in the fair value from the prior year is due to a decrease in the outstanding forward exchange contracts at December 29, 2007.
In 2007, we entered into forward exchange contracts to economically hedge a portion of intercompany receivable balances that are denominated in Mexican pesos. A 10-percent weaker U.S. dollar against the Mexican peso, with all variables held constant, would result in a decrease of $9 million in the fair value of these contracts at December 29, 2007.
Foreign currency gains and losses reflect both transaction gains and losses in our foreign operations, as well as translation gains and losses arising from the re-measurement into U.S. dollars of the net monetary assets of businesses in highly inflationary countries. Beginning in 2006, Turkey was no longer considered highly inflationary, and changed its functional currency from the U.S. Dollar to the Turkish Lira.
Unfunded Deferred Compensation Liability
Our unfunded deferred compensation liability is subject to changes in our stock price, as well as price changes in certain other equity and fixed-income investments. Employee investment elections include PBG stock and a variety of other equity and fixed-income investment options. Since the plan is unfunded, employees’ deferred compensation amounts are not directly invested in these investment vehicles. Instead, we track the performance of each employee’s investment selections and adjust the employee’s deferred compensation account accordingly. The adjustments to the employees’ accounts increases or decreases the deferred compensation liability reflected on our Consolidated Balance Sheet with an offsetting increase or decrease to our selling, delivery and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. We use prepaid forward contracts to hedge the portion of our deferred compensation liability that is based on our stock price. Therefore, changes in compensation expense as a result of changes in our stock price are substantially offset by the changes in the fair value of these contracts. We estimate that a 10-percent unfavorable change in the year-end stock price would have reduced the fair value from these forward contract commitments by $2 million in 2007 and 2006.
Cautionary Statements
Except for the historical information and discussions contained herein, statements contained in this annual report onForm 10-K and in the annual report to the shareholders may constituteforward-looking statements as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are based on currently available competitive, financial and economic data and our operating plans. These statements involve a number of risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to be
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materially different. Among the events and uncertainties that could adversely affect future periods are:
• | changes in our relationship with PepsiCo; |
• | PepsiCo’s ability to affect matters concerning us through its equity ownership of PBG, representation on our Board and approval rights under our Master Bottling Agreement; |
• | material changes in expected levels of bottler incentive payments from PepsiCo; |
• | restrictions imposed by PepsiCo on our raw material suppliers that could increase our costs; |
• | material changes from expectations in the cost or availability of raw materials, ingredients or packaging materials; |
• | limitations on the availability of water or obtaining water rights; |
• | an inability to achieve cost savings; |
• | material changes in capital investment for infrastructure and an inability to achieve the expected timing for returns on cold-drink equipment and related infrastructure expenditures; |
• | decreased demand for our product resulting from changes in consumers’ preferences; |
• | an inability to achieve volume growth through product and packaging initiatives; |
• | impact of competitive activities on our business; |
• | impact of customer consolidations on our business; |
• | changes in product category consumption; |
• | unfavorable weather conditions in our markets; |
• | an inability to successfully integrate acquired businesses or to meet projections for performance in newly acquired territories; |
• | loss of business from a significant customer; |
• | loss of key members of management; |
• | failure or inability to comply with laws and regulations; |
• | changes in laws, regulations and industry guidelines governing the manufacture and sale of food and beverages, including restrictions on the sale of carbonated soft drinks in schools; |
• | litigation, other claims and negative publicity relating to alleged unhealthy properties of soft drinks; |
• | changes in laws and regulations governing the environment, transportation, employee safety, labor and government contracts; |
• | changes in accounting standards and taxation requirements (including unfavorable outcomes from audits performed by various tax authorities); |
• | unforeseen social, economic and political changes; |
• | possible recalls of our products; |
• | interruptions of operations due to labor disagreements; |
• | limitations on our ability to invest in our business as a result of our repayment obligations under our existing indebtedness; |
• | changes in our debt ratings; |
• | material changes in expected interest and currency exchange rates and unfavorable market performance of assets in our pension plans; and |
• | an inability to achieve strategic business plan targets that could result in a non-cash intangible asset impairment charge. |
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
Fiscal years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 | ||||||||||
in millions, except per share data | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||
Net Revenues | $ | 13,591 | $ | 12,730 | $ | 11,885 | ||||
Cost of sales | 7,370 | 6,900 | 6,345 | |||||||
Gross Profit | 6,221 | 5,830 | 5,540 | |||||||
Selling, delivery and administrative expenses | 5,150 | 4,813 | 4,517 | |||||||
Operating Income | 1,071 | 1,017 | 1,023 | |||||||
Interest expense, net | 274 | 266 | 250 | |||||||
Other non-operating (income) expenses, net | (6 | ) | 11 | 1 | ||||||
Minority interest | 94 | 59 | 59 | |||||||
Income Before Income Taxes | 709 | 681 | 713 | |||||||
Income tax expense | 177 | 159 | 247 | |||||||
Net Income | $ | 532 | $ | 522 | $ | 466 | ||||
Basic Earnings Per Share | $ | 2.35 | $ | 2.22 | $ | 1.91 | ||||
Weighted-average shares outstanding | 226 | 236 | 243 | |||||||
Diluted Earnings Per Share | $ | 2.29 | $ | 2.16 | $ | 1.86 | ||||
Weighted-average shares outstanding | 233 | 242 | 250 | |||||||
Dividends declared per common share | $ | 0.53 | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.29 | ||||
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Fiscal years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 | ||||||||||||
in millions | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||
Cash Flows – Operations | ||||||||||||
Net income | $ | 532 | $ | 522 | $ | 466 | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations: | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 669 | 649 | 630 | |||||||||
Deferred income taxes | (42 | ) | (61 | ) | (65 | ) | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 62 | 65 | – | |||||||||
Other non-cash charges and credits: | ||||||||||||
Defined benefit pension and postretirement expenses | 121 | 119 | 109 | |||||||||
Minority interest expense | 94 | 59 | 59 | |||||||||
Casualty self-insurance expense | 90 | 80 | 85 | |||||||||
Other non-cash charges and credits | 79 | 67 | 84 | |||||||||
Net other non-cash charges and credits | 384 | 325 | 337 | |||||||||
Changes in operating working capital, excluding effects of acquisitions: | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net | (110 | ) | (120 | ) | 7 | |||||||
Inventories | (19 | ) | (57 | ) | (29 | ) | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (17 | ) | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
Accounts payable and other current liabilities | 185 | 88 | 4 | |||||||||
Income taxes payable | 9 | (2 | ) | 77 | ||||||||
Net change in operating working capital | 48 | (90 | ) | 60 | ||||||||
Casualty insurance payments | (70 | ) | (67 | ) | (66 | ) | ||||||
Pension contributions to funded plans | (70 | ) | (68 | ) | (77 | ) | ||||||
Other, net | (76 | ) | (47 | ) | (66 | ) | ||||||
Net Cash Provided by Operations | 1,437 | 1,228 | 1,219 | |||||||||
Cash Flows – Investments | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditures | (854 | ) | (725 | ) | (715 | ) | ||||||
Acquisitions of bottlers, net of cash acquired | (49 | ) | (33 | ) | (155 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment | 14 | 18 | 29 | |||||||||
Other investing activities, net | 6 | 9 | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Net Cash Used for Investments | (883 | ) | (731 | ) | (842 | ) | ||||||
Cash Flows – Financing | ||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings, net – three months or less | (106 | ) | (107 | ) | 268 | |||||||
Proceeds from short-term borrowings – more than three months | 167 | 96 | 74 | |||||||||
Payments of short-term borrowings – more than three months | (211 | ) | (74 | ) | (68 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from issuances of long-term debt | 24 | 793 | 36 | |||||||||
Payments of long-term debt | (42 | ) | (604 | ) | (36 | ) | ||||||
Minority interest distribution | (17 | ) | (19 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||||
Dividends paid | (113 | ) | (90 | ) | (64 | ) | ||||||
Excess tax benefit from exercise of stock options | 14 | 19 | – | |||||||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 159 | 168 | 109 | |||||||||
Share repurchases | (439 | ) | (553 | ) | (490 | ) | ||||||
Net Cash Used for Financing | (564 | ) | (371 | ) | (183 | ) | ||||||
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash Equivalents | 28 | 1 | 3 | |||||||||
Net Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents | 18 | 127 | 197 | |||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents – Beginning of Year | 629 | 502 | 305 | |||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents – End of Year | $ | 647 | $ | 629 | $ | 502 | ||||||
Supplemental Cash Flow Information – Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities: | ||||||||||||
Liabilities incurred and/or assumed in conjunction with acquisitions of bottlers | $ | 1 | $ | 20 | $ | 22 | ||||||
Change in accounts payable related to capital expenditures | $ | 15 | $ | 7 | $ | (6 | ) | |||||
Acquisition of intangible asset | $ | 315 | $ | – | $ | – | ||||||
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006 | ||||||||
in millions, except per share data | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current Assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 647 | $ | 629 | ||||
Accounts receivable, less allowance of $54 in 2007 and $50 in 2006 | 1,520 | 1,332 | ||||||
Inventories | 577 | 533 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 342 | 255 | ||||||
Total Current Assets | 3,086 | 2,749 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net | 4,080 | 3,785 | ||||||
Other intangible assets, net | 4,181 | 3,768 | ||||||
Goodwill | 1,533 | 1,490 | ||||||
Other assets | 235 | 135 | ||||||
Total Assets | $ | 13,115 | $ | 11,927 | ||||
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Current Liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable and other current liabilities | $ | 1,968 | $ | 1,677 | ||||
Short-term borrowings | 240 | 357 | ||||||
Current maturities of long-term debt | 7 | 17 | ||||||
Total Current Liabilities | 2,215 | 2,051 | ||||||
Long-term debt | 4,770 | 4,754 | ||||||
Other liabilities | 1,186 | 1,205 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 1,356 | 1,293 | ||||||
Minority interest | 973 | 540 | ||||||
Total Liabilities | 10,500 | 9,843 | ||||||
Shareholders’ Equity | ||||||||
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share: | ||||||||
authorized 900 shares, issued 310 shares | 3 | 3 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 1,805 | 1,751 | ||||||
Retained earnings (includes impact from adopting FIN 48 in fiscal year 2007 of $5) | 3,124 | 2,708 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (48 | ) | (361 | ) | ||||
Treasury stock: 86 shares and 80 shares in 2007 and 2006, respectively, at cost | (2,269 | ) | (2,017 | ) | ||||
Total Shareholders’ Equity | 2,615 | 2,084 | ||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity | $ | 13,115 | $ | 11,927 | ||||
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Fiscal years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005
Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common | Additional | Deferred | Retained | Comprehensive | Treasury | Comprehensive | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
in millions, except per share data | Stock | Paid-In Capital | Compensation | Earnings | Loss | Stock | Total | Income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 25, 2004 | $ | 3 | $ | 1,719 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | 1,887 | $ | (315 | ) | $ | (1,344 | ) | $ | 1,949 | ||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | 466 | – | – | 466 | $ | 466 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net currency translation adjustment | – | – | – | – | 65 | – | 65 | 65 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedge adjustment (net of tax and minority interest of $5) | – | – | – | – | (7 | ) | – | (7 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment (net of tax and minority interest of $3) | – | – | – | – | (5 | ) | – | (5 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | $ | 519 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock option exercises: 7 shares | – | (49 | ) | – | – | – | 158 | 109 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit – equity awards | – | 23 | – | – | – | – | 23 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share repurchases: 17 shares | – | – | – | – | – | (490 | ) | (490 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock compensation | – | 16 | (13 | ) | – | – | – | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared on common stock (per share: $0.29) | – | – | – | (70 | ) | – | – | (70 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2005 | 3 | 1,709 | (14 | ) | 2,283 | (262 | ) | (1,676 | ) | 2,043 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | 522 | – | – | 522 | $ | 522 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net currency translation adjustment | – | – | – | – | 25 | – | 25 | 25 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedge adjustment (net of tax and minority interest of $(5)) | – | – | – | – | 8 | – | 8 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment (net of tax and minority interest of $(21)) | – | – | – | – | 27 | – | 27 | 27 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
FAS 158 – pension liability adjustment (net of tax and minority interest of $124) | – | – | – | – | (159 | ) | – | (159 | ) | – | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | $ | 582 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock option exercises: 9 shares | – | (44 | ) | – | – | – | 212 | 168 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit – equity awards | – | 35 | – | – | – | – | 35 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share repurchases: 18 shares | – | – | – | – | – | (553 | ) | (553 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock compensation | – | 51 | 14 | – | – | – | 65 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared on common stock (per share: $0.41) | – | – | – | (97 | ) | – | – | (97 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 30, 2006 | 3 | 1,751 | – | 2,708 | (361 | ) | (2,017 | ) | 2,084 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | – | – | – | 532 | – | – | 532 | $ | 532 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net currency translation adjustment | – | – | – | – | 220 | – | 220 | 220 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedge adjustment (net of tax and minority interest of $(1)) | – | – | – | – | (1 | ) | – | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Pension and postretirement medical benefit plans adjustment (net of tax and minority interest of $(72)) | – | – | – | – | 94 | – | 94 | 94 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income | $ | 845 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock option exercises: 7 shares | – | (28 | ) | – | – | – | 187 | 159 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit – equity awards | – | 22 | – | – | – | – | 22 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Share repurchases: 13 shares | – | – | – | – | – | (439 | ) | (439 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock compensation | – | 60 | – | – | – | – | 60 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Impact from adopting FIN 48 | – | – | – | 5 | – | – | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared on common stock (per share: $0.53) | – | – | – | (121 | ) | – | – | (121 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 29, 2007 | $ | 3 | $ | 1,805 | $ | – | $ | 3,124 | $ | (48 | ) | $ | (2,269 | ) | $ | 2,615 | |||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Tabular dollars in millions, except per share data)
Note 1 – Basis of Presentation
The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. is the world’s largest manufacturer, seller and distributor of Pepsi-Cola beverages. We have the exclusive right to manufacture, sell and distribute Pepsi-Cola beverages in all or a portion of the U.S., Mexico, Canada, Spain, Russia, Greece and Turkey. When used in these Consolidated Financial Statements, “PBG,” “we,” “our,” “us” and the “Company” each refers to The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. and, where appropriate, to Bottling Group, LLC (“Bottling LLC”), our principal operating subsidiary.
At December 29, 2007, PepsiCo, Inc. (“PepsiCo”) owned 79,011,358 shares of our common stock, consisting of 78,911,358 shares of common stock and all 100,000 authorized shares of Class B common stock. At December 29, 2007, PepsiCo owned approximately 35.2 percent of our outstanding common stock and 100 percent of our outstanding Class B common stock, together representing 41.7 percent of the voting power of all classes of our voting stock. In addition, PepsiCo owns approximately 6.7 percent of the equity of Bottling LLC. We fully consolidate the results of Bottling LLC and present PepsiCo’s share as minority interest in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
The common stock and Class B common stock both have a par value of $0.01 per share and are substantially identical, except for voting rights. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share and holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to 250 votes per share. Each share of Class B common stock is convertible into one share of common stock. Holders of our common stock and holders of our Class B common stock share equally on a per-share basis in any dividend distributions.
Our Board of Directors has the authority to provide for the issuance of up to 20,000,000 shares of preferred stock, and to determine the price and terms, including, but not limited to, preferences and voting rights of those shares without stockholder approval. At December 29, 2007, there was no preferred stock outstanding.
Certain reclassifications were made to the prior years’ Consolidated Financial Statements to conform to the current year presentation, including a classification correction for certain miscellaneous costs incurred from product losses in the trade. Approximately $90 million and $92 million of costs incurred, which were incorrectly included in selling, delivery and administrative expenses, were reclassified to cost of sales in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP often requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect a number of amounts included in our financial statements and related disclosures. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
Basis of Consolidation – We consolidate in our financial statements, entities in which we have a controlling financial interest, as well as variable interest entities where we are the primary beneficiary. Minority interest in earnings and ownership has been recorded for the percentage of these entities not owned by PBG. We have eliminated all intercompany accounts and transactions in consolidation.
On March 1, 2007, together with PepsiCo we formed PR Beverages Limited (“PR Beverages”), a venture that will enable us to strategically invest in Russia to accelerate our growth. In connection with the formation of this venture, PBG contributed its business in Russia to PR Beverages, and PepsiCo entered into bottling agreements with PR Beverages for PepsiCo beverage products sold in Russia on the same terms as in effect for PBG immediately prior to the venture. PepsiCo granted PR Beverages an exclusive license to manufacture and sell the concentrate for such products. PR Beverages has contracted with a PepsiCo subsidiary to manufacture such concentrate. PepsiCo also agreed to contribute in the future an additional $83 million to the venture in the form of property, plant and equipment, of which $15 million was contributed in fiscal year 2007.
We have a majority interest in the venture and maintain management of the day-to-day operations. As a result of the formation of PR Beverages, we fully consolidate the venture’s financial results and record minority interest related to PepsiCo’s 40 percent interest in the venture. For further information about the PR Beverages venture see Note 6.
Fiscal Year – Our U.S. and Canadian operations report using a fiscal year that consists of fifty-two weeks, ending on the last Saturday in December. Every five or six years a fifty-third week is added. Fiscal years 2007 and 2006 consisted of fifty-two weeks. In 2005, our fiscal year consisted of fifty-three weeks (the additional week was added to the fourth quarter). Our remaining countries report using a calendar-year basis. Accordingly, we recognize our quarterly business results as outlined below:
Quarter | U.S. & Canada | Mexico & Europe | ||
First Quarter | 12 weeks | January and February | ||
Second Quarter | 12 weeks | March, April and May | ||
Third Quarter | 12 weeks | June, July and August | ||
Fourth Quarter | 16 weeks/17 weeks (FY 2005) | September, October, November and December | ||
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Revenue Recognition – Revenue, net of sales returns, is recognized when our products are delivered to customers in accordance with the written sales terms. We offer certain sales incentives on a local and national level through various customer trade agreements designed to enhance the growth of our revenue. Customer trade agreements are accounted for as a reduction to our revenues.
Customer trade agreements with our customers include payments for in-store displays, volume rebates, featured advertising and other growth incentives. A number of our customer trade agreements are based on quarterly and annual targets that generally do not exceed one year. Amounts recognized in our financial statements are based on amounts estimated to be paid to our customers depending upon current performance, historical experience, forecasted volume and other performance criteria.
Advertising and Marketing Costs – We are involved in a variety of programs to promote our products. We include advertising and marketing costs in selling, delivery and administrative expenses. Advertising and marketing costs were $424 million, $403 million and $421 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, before bottler incentives received from PepsiCo and other brand owners.
Bottler Incentives – PepsiCo and other brand owners, at their discretion, provide us with various forms of bottler incentives. These incentives cover a variety of initiatives, including direct marketplace support and advertising support. We classify bottler incentives as follows:
• | Direct marketplace support represents PepsiCo’s and other brand owners’agreed-upon funding to assist us in offering sales and promotional discounts to retailers and is generally recorded as an adjustment to cost of sales. If the direct marketplace support is a reimbursement for a specific, incremental and identifiable program, the funding is recorded as an offset to the cost of the program either in net revenues or selling, delivery and administrative expenses. |
• | Advertising support representsagreed-upon funding to assist us for the cost of media time and promotional materials and is generally recorded as an adjustment to cost of sales. Advertising support that represents reimbursement for a specific, incremental and identifiable media cost, is recorded as a reduction to advertising and marketing expenses within selling, delivery and administrative expenses. |
Total bottler incentives recognized as adjustments to net revenues, cost of sales and selling, delivery and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows:
Fiscal Year Ended | |||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||
Net revenues | $ | 66 | $ | 67 | $ | 51 | |||
Cost of sales | 626 | 612 | 589 | ||||||
Selling, delivery and administrative expenses | 67 | 70 | 79 | ||||||
Total bottler incentives | $ | 759 | $ | 749 | $ | 719 | |||
Certain corrections were made to prior years’ disclosure of reported bottler incentives recognized in cost of sales. Total bottler incentives for 2006 and 2005 have been reduced by approximately $37 million and $15 million, respectively. The correction had no impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Share-Based Compensation – The Company grants a combination of stock option awards and restricted stock units to our middle and senior management and our Board of Directors. See Note 4 for further discussion on our share-based compensation.
Shipping and Handling Costs – Our shipping and handling costs reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations are recorded primarily within selling, delivery and administrative expenses. Such costs recorded within selling, delivery and administrative expenses totaled $1.7 billion, $1.7 billion and $1.5 billion in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Foreign Currency Gains and Losses and Currency Translation – We translate the balance sheets of our foreign subsidiaries at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, while we translate the statements of operations at the average rates of exchange during the year. The resulting translation adjustments of our foreign subsidiaries are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of minority interest on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Transactional gains and losses arising from currency exchange rate fluctuations on transactions in foreign currency that is different from the local functional currency are included in net other non-operating (income) expenses on our Consolidated Statements of Operations. Foreign currency gains and losses reflect both transactional gains and losses in our foreign operations, as well as translational gains and losses arising from the re-measurement into U.S. dollars of the net monetary assets of businesses in highly inflationary countries. Beginning January 1, 2006, Turkey was no longer considered to be a highly inflationary economy for accounting purposes.
Pension and Postretirement Medical Benefit Plans – We sponsor pension and other postretirement medical benefit plans in various forms in the U.S. and other similar plans in our international locations, covering employees who meet specified eligibility requirements.
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The assets, liabilities and expense associated with our international plans were not significant to our results of operations, and accordingly other assumptions regarding these plans are not included in the discussion below.
The discount rate assumption used in our pension and postretirement medical benefit plans’ accounting is based on current interest rates for high-quality, long-term corporate debt as determined on each measurement date. In evaluating the expected rate of return on assets for a given fiscal year, we consider the actual 10 to15-year historical returns on asset classes in the PBG sponsored pension plans’ investment portfolio, reflecting the weighted-average return of our asset allocation and use them as a guide for future returns. We use a market-related value method that recognizes each year’s asset gain or loss over a five-year period. Therefore, it takes five years for the gain or loss from any one year to be fully included in the other gains and losses calculation. Other gains and losses resulting from changes in actuarial assumptions and from differences between assumed and actual experience are also determined at each measurement. To the extent the amount of all unrecognized gains and losses exceeds 10 percent of the larger of the pension benefit obligation or plan assets, such amount is amortized over the average remaining service period of active participants. We amortize prior service costs on a straight-line basis over the average remaining service period of employees expected to receive benefits.
See Note 10 for further discussion on our pension and postretirement medical benefit plans.
Income Taxes – Our effective tax rate is based on pre-tax income, statutory tax rates, tax laws and regulations and tax planning strategies available to us in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Significant management judgment is required in determining our effective tax rate and in evaluating our tax positions.
As of the beginning of our 2007 fiscal year, we adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”), which provides specific guidance on the financial statement recognition, measurement, reporting and disclosure of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. We recognize the impact of our tax positions in our financial statements if those positions will more likely than not be sustained on audit, based on the technical merit of the position.
Our deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect our best estimate of the tax benefits and costs we expect to realize in the future. We establish valuation allowances to reduce our deferred tax assets to an amount that will more likely than not be realized.
See Note 11 for further discussion on our income taxes.
Earnings Per Share – We compute basic earnings per share by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised and converted into common stock that would then participate in net income.
Cash and Cash Equivalents – Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with original maturities not exceeding three months at the time of purchase. The fair value of our cash and cash equivalents approximate the amounts shown on our Consolidated Balance Sheets due to their short-term nature.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts – A portion of our accounts receivable will not be collected due to non-payment, bankruptcies and sales returns. Our accounting policy for the provision for doubtful accounts requires reserving an amount based on the evaluation of the aging of accounts receivable, sales return trend analysis, detailed analysis of high-risk customers’ accounts, and the overall market and economic conditions of our customers.
Inventories – We value our inventories at the lower of cost or net realizable value. The cost of our inventory is generally computed on thefirst-in, first-out method.
Property, Plant and Equipment – We record property, plant and equipment (“PP&E”) at cost, except for PP&E that has been impaired, for which we write down the carrying amount to estimated fair market value, which then becomes the new cost basis.
Other Intangible Assets, Net and Goodwill – Goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are not amortized, but are evaluated for impairment annually, or more frequently if facts and circumstances indicate that the assets may be impaired. The Company completed the annual impairment test for 2007 in the fourth quarter and no impairment was determined.
Other intangible assets that are subject to amortization are amortized on a straight-line basis over the period in which we expect to receive economic benefit, which generally ranges from five to twenty years, and are reviewed for impairment when facts and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable.
The determination of the expected life will be dependent upon the use and underlying characteristics of the intangible asset. In our evaluation of these intangible assets, we consider the nature and terms of the underlying agreements; our intent and ability to use the specific asset; the age and market position of the products within the territories we are entitled to sell; the historical and projected growth of those products; and costs, if any, to renew the agreement.
If the carrying value is not recoverable, impairment is measured as the amount by which the carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value. Fair value is generally estimated based on either appraised value or other valuation techniques.
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PART II(continued) | ||
Casualty Insurance Costs – In the United States, we use a combination of insurance and self-insurance mechanisms, including a wholly owned captive insurance entity. This captive entity participates in a reinsurance pool for a portion of our workers’ compensation risk. We provide self-insurance for the workers’ compensation risk retained by the Company and automobile risks up to $10 million per occurrence, and product and general liability risks up to $5 million per occurrence. For losses exceeding theseself-insurance thresholds, we purchase casualty insurance from athird-party provider. Our liability for casualty costs was $240 million as of December 29, 2007 of which $65 million was reported in accounts payable and other current liabilities and $175 million was recorded in other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. At December 30, 2006, our liability for casualty costs was $214 million of which $62 million was reported in accounts payable and other current liabilities and $152 million was recorded in other liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Our liability for casualty costs is estimated using individual case-based valuations and statistical analyses and is based upon historical experience, actuarial assumptions and professional judgment. We do not discount our loss expense reserves.
Minority Interest – Minority interest is recorded for the entities that we consolidate but are not wholly owned by PBG. At December 29, 2007, PBG owned 93.3 percent of Bottling LLC and PepsiCo owned the remaining 6.7 percent. Additionally, PepsiCo has a 40 percent ownership interest in the PR Beverages venture, a consolidated venture under Bottling LLC. Minority interest recorded in our Consolidated Financial Statements is primarily comprised of PepsiCo’s share of the consolidated net income and net assets of Bottling LLC as well as PepsiCo’s share of the net income and net assets of the PR Beverages venture.
Treasury Stock – We record the repurchase of shares of our common stock at cost and classify these shares as treasury stock within shareholders’ equity. Repurchased shares are included in our authorized and issued shares but not included in our shares outstanding. We record shares reissued using an average cost. At December 29, 2007, we had 150 million shares authorized under our share repurchase program. Since the inception of our share repurchase program in October 1999, we have repurchased approximately 132 million shares and have reissued approximately 46 million for stock option exercises.
Financial Instruments and Risk Management – We use derivative instruments to hedge against the risk of adverse movements associated with commodity prices, interest rates and foreign currency. Our corporate policy prohibits the use of derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes, and we have procedures in place to monitor and control their use.
All derivative instruments are recorded at fair value as either assets or liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Derivative instruments are generally designated and accounted for as either a hedge of a recognized asset or liability (“fair value hedge”) or a hedge of a forecasted transaction (“cash flow hedge”). The derivative’s gain or loss recognized in earnings is recorded consistent with the expense classification of the underlying hedged item.
If a fair value or cash flow hedge were to cease to qualify for hedge accounting or were terminated, it would continue to be carried on the balance sheet at fair value until settled, but hedge accounting would be discontinued prospectively. If the underlying hedged transaction ceases to exist, any associated amounts reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss are reclassified to earnings at that time.
We also may enter into a derivative instrument for which hedge accounting is not required because it is entered into to offset changes in the fair value of an underlying transaction recognized in earnings (“economic hedge”). These instruments are reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in earnings.
Commitments and Contingencies – We are subject to various claims and contingencies related to lawsuits, environmental and other matters arising out of the normal course of business. Liabilities related to commitments and contingencies are recognized when a loss is probable and reasonably estimable.
New Accounting Standards
SFAS No. 157
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”), which establishes a framework for reporting fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Certain provisions of SFAS 157 become effective beginning with our first quarter 2008 fiscal period. The adoption of this standard will not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
SFAS No. 158
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans” (“SFAS 158”). Effective December 30, 2006, the Company adopted the balance sheet recognition provision of this standard and accordingly recognized the funded status of each of the pension, postretirement plans, and other similar plans we sponsor. Effective for fiscal year ending 2008, the standard also requires the measurement date for PBG sponsored plan assets and liabilities to coincide with our fiscal year-end. SFAS 158 provides two transition alternatives related to the change in measurement date provisions. We will adopt the measurement date provisions of SFAS 158 on the first day of fiscal year 2008 and will use the “two-measurement” approach. We are currently evaluating the impact of the
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measurement date provision of the standard on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
SFAS No. 159
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“SFAS 159”), which allows entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. SFAS 159 will become effective beginning with our first quarter 2008 fiscal period. The adoption of this standard will not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
SFAS No. 141(R)
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”), which addresses the recognition and accounting for identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and noncontrolling interests in business combinations. SFAS 141(R) also establishes expanded disclosure requirements for business combinations. SFAS 141(R) will become effective beginning with our first quarter 2009 fiscal period. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
SFAS No. 160
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ARB No. 51” (“SFAS 160”), which addresses the accounting and reporting framework for minority interests by a parent company. SFAS 160 also addresses disclosure requirements to distinguish between interests of the parent and interests of the noncontrolling owners of a subsidiary. SFAS 160 will become effective beginning with our first quarter 2009 fiscal period. We are currently evaluating the impact of this standard on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
EITF IssueNo. 06-11
In June 2007, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force IssueNo. 06-11, “Accounting for Income Tax Benefits of Dividends on Share-Based Payment Awards”(“EITF 06-11”), which requires income tax benefits from dividends or dividend equivalents that are charged to retained earnings and are paid to employees for equity classified nonvested equity shares, nonvested equity share units and outstanding equity share options to be recognized as an increase in additional paid-in capital and to be included in the pool of excess tax benefits available to absorb potential future tax deficiencies on share-based payment awards.EITF 06-11 will become effective beginning with our first quarter 2008 fiscal period. The adoption ofEITF 06-11 is not expected to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Note 3 – Earnings per Share
The following table reconciles the shares outstanding and net earnings used in the computations of both basic and diluted earnings per share:
Fiscal Year Ended | |||||||||
Shares in millions | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||
Net Income | $ | 532 | $ | 522 | $ | 466 | |||
Weighted average shares outstanding during period on which basic earnings per share is calculated | 226 | 236 | 243 | ||||||
Effect of dilutive shares: | |||||||||
Incremental shares under stock compensation plans | 7 | 6 | 7 | ||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding during period on which diluted earnings per share is calculated | 233 | 242 | 250 | ||||||
Basic earnings per share | $ | 2.35 | $ | 2.22 | $ | 1.91 | |||
Diluted earnings per share | $ | 2.29 | $ | 2.16 | $ | 1.86 | |||
Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if stock options or other equity awards from our stock compensation plans were exercised and converted into common stock that would then participate in net income. For the year ended December 29, 2007, there were no shares excluded from the diluted earnings per share calculation. For the years ended December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, options to purchase 1.7 million shares and 9.9 million shares, respectively, were excluded from the diluted earnings per share computation because the exercise price of the options was greater than the average market price of the Company’s common shares during the related periods and the effect of including the options in the computation would be antidilutive.
Note 4 – Share-Based Compensation
Accounting for Share-Based Compensation – Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS 123R”). Among its provisions, SFAS 123R requires the Company to recognize compensation expense for equity awards over the vesting period based on their grant-date fair value. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company utilized the intrinsic-value based method of accounting under Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees” and related interpretations, and adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” (“SFAS 123”). Under the intrinsic-value based method of accounting, compensation expense for stock options granted to the Company’s employees was measured as the excess of the quoted market price of common stock at the grant date over the amount the employee must pay for the stock. The Company’s policy is to grant stock options at fair value on the date of grant and as a result, no compensation expense was historically recognized for stock options.
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PART II(continued) | ||
The Company adopted SFAS 123R in the first quarter of 2006 using the modified prospective approach. Under this transition method, the measurement and our method of amortization of costs forshare-based payments granted prior to, but not vested as of January 1, 2006, would be based on the same estimate of the grant-date fair value and the same amortization method that was previously used in our SFAS 123 pro forma disclosure. Results for prior periods have not been restated as provided for under the modified prospective approach. For equity awards granted after the date of adoption, we amortize share-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting term.
Compensation expense is recognized only for share-based payments expected to vest. We estimate forfeitures, both at the date of grant as well as throughout the vesting period, based on the Company’s historical experience and future expectations. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, the effect of forfeitures on the pro forma expense amounts was recognized based on estimated forfeitures.
Total share-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statement of Operations is as follows:
Fiscal Year Ended | ||||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Total share-based compensation expense | $ | 62 | $ | 65 | ||||
Income tax benefit | (17 | ) | (18 | ) | ||||
Minority interest | (5 | ) | (4 | ) | ||||
Net income impact | $ | 40 | $ | 43 | ||||
The adoption of SFAS 123R reduced our basic earnings per share by $0.18 and our diluted earnings per share by $0.17 for both the fiscal years ended 2007 and 2006.
The following table shows the effect on net income and earnings per share for the year ended December 31, 2005 had compensation expense been recognized based upon the estimated fair value on the grant date of awards, in accordance with SFAS 123, as amended by SFAS No. 148 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation – Transition and Disclosure”:
Fiscal Year | ||||
Ended | ||||
2005 | ||||
Net income: | ||||
As reported | $ | 466 | ||
Add: Total share-based employee compensation included in reported net income, net of taxes and minority interest | 1 | |||
Less: Total share-based employee compensation determined under fair-value based method for all awards, net of taxes and minority interest | (43 | ) | ||
Pro forma | $ | 424 | ||
Earnings per share: | ||||
Basic – as reported | $ | 1.91 | ||
Basic – pro forma | 1.74 | |||
Diluted – as reported | 1.86 | |||
Diluted – pro forma | 1.68 | |||
Share-Based Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plans – Prior to 2006, we granted non-qualified stock options to certain employees, including middle and senior management under our share-based long-term incentive compensation plans (“incentive plans”). Additionally, we granted restricted stock units to certain senior executives. Non-employee members of our Board of Directors (“Directors”) participate in a separate incentive plan and receive non-qualified stock options or restricted stock units.
Beginning in 2006, we granted a mix of stock options and restricted stock units to middle and senior management employees and Directors under our incentive plans.
Shares available for future issuance to employees and Directors under existing plans were 8.7 million at December 29, 2007.
The fair value of PBG stock options was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-valuation model. The table below outlines the weighted-average assumptions for options granted during years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005:
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Risk-free interest rate | 4.5 | % | 4.7 | % | 4.1 | % | ||||||
Expected term (in years) | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.8 | |||||||||
Expected volatility | 25 | % | 27 | % | 28 | % | ||||||
Expected dividend yield | 1.8 | % | 1.5 | % | 1.1 | % | ||||||
The risk-free interest rate is based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining
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expected term. The expected term of the options represents the estimated period of time employees will retain their vested stocks until exercise. Due to the lack of historical experience in stock option exercises, we estimate expected term utilizing a combination of the simplified method as prescribed by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110 and historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms, vesting schedules and expectations of future employee behavior. Expected stock price volatility is based on a combination of historical volatility of the Company’s stock and the implied volatility of its traded options. The expected dividend yield is management’s long-term estimate of annual dividends to be paid as a percentage of share price.
The fair value of restricted stock units is based on the fair value of PBG stock on the date of grant.
We receive a tax deduction for certain stock option exercises when the options are exercised, generally for the excess of the stock price when the options are exercised over the exercise price of the options. Additionally, we receive a tax deduction for restricted stock units equal to the fair market value of PBG’s stock at the date of conversion to PBG stock. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123R, the Company presented all tax benefits resulting from equity awards as operating cash inflows in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. SFAS 123R requires the benefits of tax deductions in excess of the grant-date fair value for these equity awards to be classified as financing cash inflows rather than operating cash inflows, on a prospective basis. For the year ended December 29, 2007, we recognized $29 million in tax benefits from the exercise of equity awards in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, of which $14 million was recorded as excess tax benefits as an increase in cash from financing with the remaining being recorded in cash from operations.
As of December 29, 2007, there was approximately $70 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to nonvestedshare-based compensation arrangements granted under the incentive plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.8 years.
Stock Options – Stock options expire after 10 years and prior to the 2006 grant year, stock options granted to employees were generally exercisable 25 percent per year for the first two years, and the remainder after three years. Beginning in 2006, new stock options granted to employees generally vest ratably over three years. Stock options granted to Directors are typically fully vested on the grant date.
The following table summarizes option activity during the year ended December 29, 2007:
Weighted-Average | |||||||||||||
Weighted-Average | Remaining | Aggregate | |||||||||||
Shares | Exercise Price | Contractual | Intrinsic | ||||||||||
(in millions) | per Share | Term (years) | Value | ||||||||||
Outstanding at December 30, 2006 | 32.1 | $ | 24.11 | ||||||||||
Granted | 3.4 | 30.99 | |||||||||||
Exercised | (7.2 | ) | 22.12 | ||||||||||
Forfeited | (1.4 | ) | 28.74 | ||||||||||
Outstanding at December 29, 2007 | 26.9 | 25.27 | 5.9 | $ | 395 | ||||||||
Vested or expected to vest at December 29, 2007 | 26.6 | 25.22 | 5.8 | 392 | |||||||||
Exercisable at December 29, 2007 | 18.6 | 23.29 | 4.8 | 310 | |||||||||
The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above is before income taxes, based on the Company’s closing stock price of $39.96 as of the last business day of the period ended December 29, 2007.
For the years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the weighted-average grant-date fair value of stock options granted was $8.19, $8.75 and $8.68, respectively. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005 was $100 million, $115 million and $89 million, respectively.
Restricted Stock Units– Restricted stock units granted to employees generally vest over three years. In addition, restricted stock unit awards to certain senior executives contain vesting provisions that are contingent upon the achievement of pre-established performance targets. The initial restricted stock unit award to Directors remains restricted while the individual serves on the Board. The annual grants to Directors vest immediately, but may be deferred. All restricted stock unit awards are settled in shares of PBG common stock.
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PART II(continued) | ||
The following table summarizes restricted stock unit activity during the year ended December 29, 2007:
Weighted-Average | |||||||||||||
Weighted-Average | Remaining | Aggregate | |||||||||||
Shares | Grant-Date | Contractual | Intrinsic | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | Fair Value | Term (years) | Value | ||||||||||
Outstanding at December 30, 2006 | 1,697 | $ | 28.96 | ||||||||||
Granted | 1,129 | 31.02 | |||||||||||
Converted | (18 | ) | 28.60 | ||||||||||
Forfeited | (429 | ) | 28.86 | ||||||||||
Outstanding at December 29, 2007 | 2,379 | 29.96 | 1.7 | $ | 95 | ||||||||
Vested or expected to vest at December 29, 2007 | 2,286 | 29.92 | 1.7 | 91 | |||||||||
Convertible at December 29, 2007 | 146 | 27.83 | – | 6 | |||||||||
For the years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005, the weighted-average grant-date fair value of restricted stock units granted was $31.02, $29.55 and $28.12, respectively. The total intrinsic value of restricted stock units converted during the years ended December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006 was approximately $575 thousand and $248 thousand, respectively. No restricted stock units were converted during fiscal year 2005.
Note 5 – Balance Sheet Details
2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Accounts Receivable | ||||||||
Trade accounts receivable | $ | 1,319 | $ | 1,163 | ||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts | (54 | ) | (50 | ) | ||||
Accounts receivable from PepsiCo | 188 | 168 | ||||||
Other receivables | 67 | 51 | ||||||
$ | 1,520 | $ | 1,332 | |||||
Inventories | ||||||||
Raw materials and supplies | $ | 195 | $ | 201 | ||||
Finished goods | 382 | 332 | ||||||
$ | 577 | $ | 533 | |||||
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses | $ | 290 | $ | 214 | ||||
Other current assets | 52 | 41 | ||||||
$ | 342 | $ | 255 | |||||
Property, Plant and Equipment, net | ||||||||
Land | $ | 320 | $ | 291 | ||||
Buildings and improvements | 1,484 | 1,404 | ||||||
Manufacturing and distribution equipment | 4,091 | 3,705 | ||||||
Marketing equipment | 2,389 | 2,425 | ||||||
Capital leases | 36 | 60 | ||||||
Other | 164 | 172 | ||||||
8,484 | 8,057 | |||||||
Accumulated depreciation | (4,404 | ) | (4,272 | ) | ||||
$ | 4,080 | $ | 3,785 | |||||
Capital leases primarily represent manufacturing and distribution equipment and other equipment.
We calculate depreciation on a straight-line basis over the estimated lives of the assets as follows:
Buildings and improvements | 20–33 years | |
Manufacturing and distribution equipment | 2–15 years | |
Marketing equipment | 2–7 years |
Industrial Revenue Bonds – Pursuant to the terms of an industrial revenue bond, we transferred title of certain fixed assets with a net book value of $50 million to a state governmental authority in the U.S. to receive a property tax abatement. The title of these assets will revert back to PBG upon retirement or cancellation of the bond. These fixed assets are still recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet as all risks and rewards remain with the Company.
2007 | 2006 | |||||
Accounts Payable and Other Current Liabilities | ||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 615 | $ | 525 | ||
Accounts payable to PepsiCo | 255 | 234 | ||||
Trade incentives | 235 | 194 | ||||
Accrued compensation and benefits | 276 | 237 | ||||
Other accrued taxes | 140 | 111 | ||||
Accrued interest | 70 | 74 | ||||
Other current liabilities | 377 | 302 | ||||
$ | 1,968 | $ | 1,677 | |||
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Note 6 – Other Intangible Assets, net and Goodwill
The components of other intangible assets are as follows:
2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Intangibles subject to amortization: | ||||||||
Gross carrying amount: | ||||||||
Customer relationships and lists | $ | 54 | $ | 54 | ||||
Franchise/distribution rights | 46 | 45 | ||||||
Other identified intangibles | 30 | 32 | ||||||
130 | 131 | |||||||
Accumulated amortization: | ||||||||
Customer relationships and lists | (15 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||
Franchise/distribution rights | (31 | ) | (27 | ) | ||||
Other identified intangibles | (17 | ) | (16 | ) | ||||
(63 | ) | (54 | ) | |||||
Intangibles subject to amortization, net | 67 | 77 | ||||||
Intangibles not subject to amortization: | ||||||||
Carrying amount: | ||||||||
Franchise rights | 3,235 | 3,128 | ||||||
Licensing rights | 315 | – | ||||||
Distribution rights | 294 | 297 | ||||||
Trademarks | 213 | 215 | ||||||
Other identified intangibles | 57 | 51 | ||||||
Intangibles not subject to amortization | 4,114 | 3,691 | ||||||
Total other intangible assets, net | $ | 4,181 | $ | 3,768 | ||||
During the first quarter of 2007, we acquired franchise and bottling rights for select Cadbury Schweppes brands in the Northern California region from Nor-Cal Beverage Company, Inc. As a result of the acquisition, we recorded approximately $50 million ofnon-amortizable franchise rights.
As a result of the formation of the PR Beverages venture in the second quarter of 2007, we recorded licensing rights valued at $315 million, representing the fair value of the exclusive license and related rights granted by PepsiCo to PR Beverages to manufacture and sell the concentrate for PepsiCo beverage products sold in Russia. The licensing rights have an indefinite useful life and are not subject to amortization. For further discussion on the PR Beverages venture see Note 2.
During the third quarter of 2006, the Company completed the acquisition of Bebidas Purificadas, S.A. de C.V. (“Bepusa”), a bottler in the northwestern region of Mexico. The acquisition did not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Intangible asset amortization – Intangible asset amortization expense was $10 million, $12 million and $15 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Amortization expense for each of the next five years is estimated to be approximately $9 million or less.
Goodwill – The changes in the carrying value of goodwill by reportable segment for the years ended December 30, 2006 and December 29, 2007 are as follows:
U.S. & Canada | Europe | Mexico | Total | ||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2005 | $ | 1,240 | $ | 16 | $ | 260 | $ | 1,516 | |||||||
Purchase price allocations relating to acquisitions | (11 | ) | – | (11 | ) | (22 | ) | ||||||||
Impact of foreign currency translation | – | – | (4 | ) | (4 | ) | |||||||||
Balance at December 30, 2006 | 1,229 | 16 | 245 | 1,490 | |||||||||||
Purchase price allocations relating to acquisitions | 1 | – | (16 | ) | (15 | ) | |||||||||
Impact of foreign currency translation | 60 | 1 | (3 | ) | 58 | ||||||||||
Balance at December 29, 2007 | $ | 1,290 | $ | 17 | $ | 226 | $ | 1,533 | |||||||
The purchase price allocations include goodwill allocations as a result of the Bepusa acquisition and adjustments to goodwill as a result of changes in taxes associated with prior year acquisitions.
Note 7 – Short-term Borrowings and Long-term Debt
2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Short-term borrowings | ||||||||
Current maturities of long-term debt and capital leases | $ | 7 | $ | 17 | ||||
Other short-term borrowings | 240 | 357 | ||||||
$ | 247 | $ | 374 | |||||
Long-term debt | ||||||||
5.63% (6.4% effective rate)(2)(3) senior notes due 2009 | $ | 1,300 | $ | 1,300 | ||||
4.63% (4.6% effective rate)(3) senior notes due 2012 | 1,000 | 1,000 | ||||||
5.00% (5.2% effective rate) senior notes due 2013 | 400 | 400 | ||||||
4.13% (4.4% effective rate) senior notes due 2015 | 250 | 250 | ||||||
5.50% (5.4% effective rate) senior notes due 2016 | 800 | 800 | ||||||
7.00% (7.1% effective rate) senior notes due 2029 | 1,000 | 1,000 | ||||||
Capital leases obligations (Note 8) | 9 | 33 | ||||||
Other (average rate 6.9%) | 29 | 13 | ||||||
4,788 | 4,796 | |||||||
SFAS 133 adjustment(1) | – | (13 | ) | |||||
Unamortized discount, net | (11 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||
Current maturities of long-term debt and capital leases | (7 | ) | (17 | ) | ||||
$ | 4,770 | $ | 4,754 | |||||
(1) | In accordance with the requirements of SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“SFAS 133”), the portion of our fixed-rate debt obligations that is hedged is reflected in our Consolidated Balance Sheets as an amount equal to the sum of the debt’s carrying value plus a SFAS 133 fair value adjustment, representing changes recorded in the fair value of the hedged debt obligations attributable to movements in market interest rates. |
(2) | Effective interest rates include the impact of the gain/loss realized on swap instruments and represent the rates that were achieved in 2007. |
(3) | These notes are guaranteed by PepsiCo. |
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PART II(continued) | ||
Aggregate Maturities – Long-term Debt – Aggregate maturities of long-term debt as of December 29, 2007 are as follows: 2008: $3 million, 2009: $1,301 million, 2010: $25 million, 2012: $1,000 million and 2013 and thereafter: $2,450 million. We do not have any maturities in 2011. The maturities of long-term debt do not include the capital lease obligations, the non-cash impact of the SFAS 133 adjustment and the interest effect of the unamortized discount.
2007 Short-Term Debt Activities – In October 2007, we amended and restated our existing $450 million committed revolving credit facility to $1.2 billion with a new maturity date of October 2012 (“2007 Agreement”). The existing $550 million committed revolving credit facility was terminated. Our committed credit facility of $1.2 billion, which is guaranteed by Bottling LLC, supports our $1.2 billion commercial paper program. Subject to certain conditions stated in the 2007 Agreement, funds borrowed may also be used to issue standby letters of credit up to $400 million and for general corporate purposes during the term of the agreement.
At December 29, 2007, we had $50 million in outstanding commercial paper with a weighted-average interest rate of 5.3 percent. At December 30, 2006, we had $115 million in outstanding commercial paper with a weighted-average interest rate of 5.4 percent.
In addition to the revolving credit facility, we had available bank credit lines of approximately $748 million at year-end 2007. These lines were primarily used to support the general operating needs of our international locations. As of year-end 2007, we had $190 million outstanding under these lines of credit at a weighted-average interest rate of 5.3 percent. As of year-end 2006, we had available short-term bank credit lines of approximately $741 million with $242 million outstanding at a weighted-average interest rate of 5.0 percent.
Debt Covenants – Certain of our senior notes have redemption features and non-financial covenants that will, among other things, limit our ability to create or assume liens, enter into sale andlease-back transactions, engage in mergers or consolidations and transfer or lease all or substantially all of our assets. Additionally, certain of our credit facilities and senior notes have financial covenants consisting of the following:
• | Our debt to capitalization ratio should not be greater than .75 on the last day of a fiscal quarter when PepsiCo’s ratings areA- by S&P and A3 by Moody’s or higher. Debt is defined as total long-term and short-term debt plus accrued interest plus total standby letters of credit and other guarantees less cash and cash equivalents not in excess of $500 million. Capitalization is defined as debt plus shareholders’ equity plus minority interest, excluding the impact of the cumulative translation adjustment. |
• | Our debt to EBITDA ratio should not be greater than five on the last day of a fiscal quarter when PepsiCo’s ratings are less than A- by S&P or A3 by Moody’s. EBITDA is defined as the last four quarters of earnings before depreciation, amortization, net interest expense, income taxes, minority interest, net othernon-operating expenses and extraordinary items. |
• | New secured debt should not be greater than 15 percent of our net tangible assets. Net tangible assets are defined as total assets less current liabilities and net intangible assets. |
As of December 29, 2007 we were in compliance with all debt covenants.
Interest Payments and Expense – Amounts paid to third parties for interest, net of settlements from our interest rate swaps, was $305 million, $289 million and $246 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Total interest expense incurred during 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $305 million, $298 million and $258 million, respectively.
Letters of Credit, Bank Guarantees and Surety Bonds – At December 29, 2007, we have outstanding letters of credit, bank guarantees and surety bonds valued at $262 million from financial institutions primarily to provide collateral for estimated self-insurance claims and other insurance requirements.
Note 8 – Leases
We have non-cancelable commitments under both capital andlong-term operating leases, principally for real estate, office equipment and vending equipment. Certain of our operating leases for real estate contain escalation clauses, holiday rent allowances and other rent incentives. We recognize rent expense on our operating leases, including these allowances and incentives, on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The difference between rent expense and rent paid is recorded as deferred rent. Capital and operating lease commitments expire at various dates through 2072. Most leases require payment of related executory costs, which include property taxes, maintenance and insurance.
The cost of real estate, office equipment and vending equipment under capital leases is included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet as property, plant and equipment. Amortization of assets under capital leases is included in depreciation expense.
Capital lease additions totaled $7 million, $33 million and $2 million for 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Included in the 2006 additions was a $25 million capital lease agreement with PepsiCo to lease vending equipment. In 2007, we repaid the entire capital lease obligation with PepsiCo for this vending equipment.
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The future minimum lease payments by year and in the aggregate, under capital leases and non-cancelable operating leases consisted of the following at December 29, 2007:
Leases | ||||||
Capital | Operating | |||||
2008 | $ | 4 | $ | 54 | ||
2009 | 2 | 39 | ||||
2010 | 1 | 32 | ||||
2011 | 1 | 18 | ||||
2012 | 1 | 14 | ||||
Thereafter | 2 | 115 | ||||
Total | $ | 11 | $ | 272 | ||
Less: Amount representing interest | 2 | |||||
Present value of net minimum lease payments | 9 | |||||
Less: current portion of net minimum lease payments | 4 | |||||
Long-term portion of net minimum lease payments | $ | 5 | ||||
The total minimum rentals to be received in the future from our non-cancelable subleases were $4 million at December 29, 2007.
Components of net rental expense under operating leases:
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Minimum rentals | $ | 114 | $ | 99 | $ | 90 | ||||||
Sublease rental income | (2 | ) | (3 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||||
Net Rental Expense | $ | 112 | $ | 96 | $ | 88 | ||||||
Note 9 – Financial Instruments and Risk Management
We are subject to the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in commodity prices, foreign exchange rates, interest rates, and PBG stock prices. In the normal course of business, we manage these risks through a variety of strategies, including the use of derivatives. Certain of these derivatives are designated as either cash flow or fair value hedges.
Cash Flow Hedges – We are subject to market risk with respect to the cost of commodities because our ability to recover increased costs through higher pricing may be limited by the competitive environment in which we operate. We use future and option contracts to hedge the risk of adverse movements in commodity prices related primarily to anticipated purchases of raw materials and energy used in our operations. These contracts generally range from one to 12 months in duration and qualify for cash flow hedge accounting treatment.
We are subject to foreign currency transactional risks in certain of our international territories for transactions that are denominated in currencies that are different from their functional currency. We enter into forward exchange contracts to hedge portions of our forecasted U.S. dollar purchases in our Canadian business. These contracts generally range from one to 12 months in duration and qualify for cash flow hedge accounting treatment.
In anticipation of the $800 million debt issuance in March 2006, Bottling LLC entered into treasury rate lock agreements to hedge against adverse interest rate changes. We recognized $15 million as a deferred gain (before taxes and minority interest) reported in accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”) resulting from these treasury rate contracts. The deferred gain is released to match the underlying interest expense on the debt. In previous years, we have entered into additional treasury rate lock agreements to hedge against adverse interest rate changes on certain debt financing arrangements. These agreements qualify for cash flow hedge accounting treatment.
For a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the change in the fair value of a derivative instrument is deferred in AOCL until the underlying hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a fair value change on a qualifying cash flow hedge is recognized in earnings immediately and is recorded consistent with the expense classification of the underlying hedged item.
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PART II(continued) | ||
The following summarizes activity in AOCL related to derivatives designated as cash flow hedges held by the Company during the applicable periods:
Before | Net of | |||||||||||||||
Minority | Minority | |||||||||||||||
Interest | Minority | Interest | ||||||||||||||
and Taxes | Interest | Taxes | and Taxes | |||||||||||||
Accumulated net gains as of December 25, 2004 | $ | 17 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (6 | ) | $ | 10 | ||||||
Net changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges | 5 | – | (2 | ) | 3 | |||||||||||
Net gains reclassified from AOCL into earnings | (17 | ) | 1 | 6 | (10 | ) | ||||||||||
Accumulated net gains as of December 31, 2005 | 5 | – | (2 | ) | 3 | |||||||||||
Net changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges | 14 | (1 | ) | (5 | ) | 8 | ||||||||||
Net gains reclassified from AOCL into earnings | (1 | ) | – | 1 | – | |||||||||||
Accumulated net gains as of December 30, 2006 | 18 | (1 | ) | (6 | ) | 11 | ||||||||||
Net changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges | (4 | ) | – | – | (4 | ) | ||||||||||
Net losses reclassified from AOCL into earnings | 4 | – | (1 | ) | 3 | |||||||||||
Accumulated net gains as of December 29, 2007 | $ | 18 | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (7 | ) | $ | 10 | ||||||
Assuming no change in the commodity prices and foreign currency rates as measured on December 29, 2007, $4 million of deferred gain will be recognized in earnings over the next 12 months. The ineffective portion of the change in fair value of these contracts was not material to our results of operations in 2007, 2006 or 2005.
Fair Value Hedges – We finance a portion of our operations through fixed-rate debt instruments. We effectively converted $550 million of our senior notes to floating-rate debt through the use of interest rate swaps with the objective of reducing our overall borrowing costs. These interest rate swaps meet the criteria for fair value hedge accounting and are 100 percent effective in eliminating the market rate risk inherent in our long-term debt. Accordingly, any gain or loss associated with these swaps is fully offset by the opposite market impact on the related debt. During 2007, the fair value of the interest rate swap liability decreased from $13 million at December 30, 2006 to $0.3 million at December 29, 2007. In 2007, the fair value change of our swaps and debt was recorded in other liabilities and long-term debt in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Foreign Currency Hedges – In 2007, we entered into forward exchange contracts to economically hedge a portion of intercompany receivable balances that are denominated in Mexican pesos. We recognized $0.4 million of a loss in 2007, resulting from changes in the fair value of these forward exchange contracts. The earnings impact from these instruments is classified in other non-operating (income) expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Unfunded Deferred Compensation Liability – Our unfunded deferred compensation liability is subject to changes in our stock price as well as price changes in other equity and fixed-income investments. Participating employees in our deferred compensation program can elect to defer all or a portion of their compensation to be paid out on a future date or dates. As part of the deferral process, employees select from phantom investment options that determine the earnings on the deferred compensation liability and the amount that they will ultimately receive. Employee investment elections include PBG stock and a variety of other equity and fixed-income investment options.
Since the plan is unfunded, employees’ deferred compensation amounts are not directly invested in these investment vehicles. Instead, we track the performance of each employee’s investment selections and adjust his or her deferred compensation account accordingly. The adjustments to employees’ accounts increases or decreases the deferred compensation liability reflected on our Consolidated Balance Sheets with an offsetting increase or decrease to our selling, delivery and administrative expenses.
We use prepaid forward contracts to hedge the portion of our deferred compensation liability that is based on our stock price. At December 29, 2007, we had a prepaid forward contract for 610,000 shares at a price of $41.37, which was accounted for as an economic hedge. This contract requires cash settlement and has a fair value at December 29, 2007, of $24 million recorded in prepaid expenses and other current assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheet. The fair value of this contract changes based on the change in our stock price compared with the contract exercise price. We recognized income of $5 million and $2 million in 2007 and 2006, respectively, resulting from the change in fair value of these prepaid forward contracts. The earnings impact from these instruments is recorded in selling, delivery and administrative expenses.
Other Financial Assets and Liabilities – Financial assets with carrying values approximating fair value include cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. Financial liabilities with carrying values approximating fair value include accounts payable and other accrued liabilities and short-term debt. The carrying value
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of these financial assets and liabilities approximates fair value due to their short maturities and since interest rates approximate current market rates for short-term debt.
Long-term debt at December 29, 2007, had a carrying value and fair value of $4.8 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively, and at December 30, 2006, had a carrying value and fair value of $4.8 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively. The fair value is based on interest rates that are currently available to us for issuance of debt with similar terms and remaining maturities.
Note 10 – Pension and Postretirement Medical Benefit Plans
Employee Benefit Plans – We sponsor both pension and other postretirement medical benefit plans in various forms in the United States and other similar pension plans in our international locations, covering employees who meet specified eligibility requirements.
On December 30, 2006, we adopted the funded status provision of SFAS 158 which requires that we recognize the overfunded or underfunded status of each of our defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement plans as an asset or liability on our December 30, 2006 balance sheet. Subsequent changes in the funded status are recognized through comprehensive income in the year in which they occur. SFAS 158 also requires that beginning in 2008 our assumptions used to measure our annual pension and postretirement medical expenses be determined as of the balance sheet date and all plan assets and liabilities be reported as of that date. For fiscal years ending 2007 and prior, the majority of our pension and other postretirement plans used a September 30 measurement date and all plan assets and obligations were generally reported as of that date.
The assets, liabilities and expense associated with our international plans were not significant to our results of operations and are not included in the tables and discussion presented below.
Defined Benefit Pension Plans – Our U.S. employees that were hired prior to January 1, 2007 participate in non-contributory defined benefit pension plans, which cover substantially all full-time salaried employees, as well as most hourly employees. Benefits generally are based on years of service and compensation, or stated amounts for each year of service. Effective January 1, 2007, newly hired salaried and non-union hourly employees are not eligible to participate in these plans. All of our qualified plans are funded and contributions are made in amounts not less than the minimum statutory funding requirements and not more than the maximum amount that can be deducted for U.S. income tax purposes.
Postretirement Medical Plans – Our postretirement medical plans provide medical and life insurance benefits principally to U.S. retirees and their dependents. Employees are eligible for benefits if they meet age and service requirements and qualify for retirement benefits. The plans are not funded and since 1993 have included retiree cost sharing.
Defined Contribution Benefits – Nearly all of our U.S. employees are eligible to participate in our 401(k) plans, which are voluntary defined contribution savings plans. We make matching contributions to the 401(k) savings plans on behalf of participants eligible to receive such contributions. If a participant has less than 10 years of service, our match will equal $0.50 for each dollar the participant elects to defer up to four percent of the participant’s pay. If the participant has 10 or more years of eligible service, our match will equal $1.00 for each dollar the participant elects to defer up to four percent of the participant’s pay. Salaried and non-union hourly employees hired in the U.S. on or after January 1, 2007 also receive an additional Company retirement contribution equal to two percent of their compensation into their 401(k) account. Defined contribution expense was $27 million, $22 million and $20 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Components of net pension expense and other amounts recognized in other comprehensive income
Pension | ||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Net pension expense | ||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 55 | $ | 53 | $ | 46 | ||||||
Interest cost | 90 | 82 | 75 | |||||||||
Expected return on plan assets – (income) | (102 | ) | (94 | ) | (90 | ) | ||||||
Amortization of net loss | 38 | 38 | 30 | |||||||||
Amortization of prior service amendments | 7 | 9 | 7 | |||||||||
Special termination benefits | 4 | – | 9 | |||||||||
Net pension expense for the defined benefit plans | $ | 92 | $ | 88 | $ | 77 | ||||||
Other comprehensive income | ||||||||||||
Prior service cost arising during the year | $ | 8 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
Net (gain) loss arising during the year | (114 | ) | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
Amortization of net loss | (38 | ) | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
Amortization of prior service amendments | (7 | ) | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
Total recognized in other comprehensive income(1) | $ | (151 | ) | |||||||||
Total recognized in net pension expense and other comprehensive income | $ | (59 | ) | $ | 88 | $ | 77 | |||||
(1) | Prior to taxes and minority interest |
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PART II(continued) | ||
Components of postretirement medical expense and other amounts recognized in other comprehensive income
Postretirement | ||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Net postretirement expense | �� | |||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 5 | $ | 4 | $ | 3 | ||||||
Interest cost | 20 | 20 | 22 | |||||||||
Amortization of net loss | 4 | 7 | 8 | |||||||||
Amortization of prior service amendments | – | – | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Net postretirement expense | $ | 29 | $ | 31 | $ | 32 | ||||||
Other comprehensive income | ||||||||||||
Net (gain) loss arising during the year | $ | (4 | ) | N/A | N/A | |||||||
Amortization of net loss | (4 | ) | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
Total recognized in other comprehensive income(1) | $ | (8 | ) | |||||||||
Total recognized in net postretirement expense and other comprehensive income | $ | 21 | $ | 31 | $ | 32 | ||||||
(1) | Prior to taxes and minority interest |
Changes in Benefit Obligations and Plan Assets
Pension | Postretirement | |||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||
Changes in benefit obligations | ||||||||||||||||
Obligation at beginning of year | $ | 1,539 | $ | 1,439 | $ | 354 | $ | 384 | ||||||||
Service cost | 55 | 53 | 5 | 4 | ||||||||||||
Interest cost | 90 | 82 | 20 | 20 | ||||||||||||
Plan amendments | 8 | (8 | ) | – | 1 | |||||||||||
Actuarial (gain) / loss | (53 | ) | 43 | (4 | ) | (32 | ) | |||||||||
Benefit payments | (57 | ) | (69 | ) | (23 | ) | (23 | ) | ||||||||
Special termination benefits | 4 | – | – | – | ||||||||||||
Adjustment for Medicare Subsidy | – | – | 1 | – | ||||||||||||
Transfers | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | – | – | ||||||||||
Obligation at end of year | $ | 1,585 | $ | 1,539 | $ | 353 | $ | 354 | ||||||||
Pension | Postretirement | |||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||
Changes in the fair value of plan assets | ||||||||||||||||
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year | $ | 1,289 | $ | 1,149 | $ | – | $ | – | ||||||||
Actual return on plan assets | 163 | 114 | – | – | ||||||||||||
Transfers | (1 | ) | (1 | ) | – | – | ||||||||||
Employer contributions | 61 | 96 | 22 | 23 | ||||||||||||
Adjustment for Medicare Subsidy | – | – | 1 | – | ||||||||||||
Benefit payments | (57 | ) | (69 | ) | (23 | ) | (23 | ) | ||||||||
Fair value of plan assets at end of year | $ | 1,455 | $ | 1,289 | $ | – | $ | – | ||||||||
Pension | Postretirement | |||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Amounts included in AOCL(1) | ||||||||||||
Prior Service Cost | $ | 48 | $ | 47 | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | ||||
Net Loss | 308 | 460 | 90 | 98 | ||||||||
Total | $ | 356 | $ | 507 | $ | 93 | $ | 101 | ||||
(1) | Prior to taxes and minority interest |
Pension | Postretirement | |||||
Estimated gross amounts in AOCL to be amortized in 2008 | ||||||
Prior Service Cost | $ | 8 | $ | – | ||
Net Loss | $ | 16 | $ | 3 | ||
The accumulated benefit obligations for all U.S. pension plans was $1,458 million and $1,407 million at December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, respectively.
Pension | Postretirement | |||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Selected information for plans with liabilities in excess of plan assets | ||||||||||||
Projected benefit obligation | $ | 777 | $ | 1,539 | $ | 353 | $ | 354 | ||||
Accumulated benefit obligation | $ | 649 | $ | 1,407 | $ | 353 | $ | 354 | ||||
Fair value of plan assets(1) | $ | 598 | $ | 1,299 | $ | – | $ | – | ||||
(1) | Includes fourth quarter employer contributions. |
Pension | Postretirement | |||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||||||
Reconciliation of funded status | ||||||||||||||||
Funded status at measurement date | $ | (130 | ) | $ | (250 | ) | $ | (353 | ) | $ | (354 | ) | ||||
Fourth quarter employer contributions/payments | 23 | 10 | 4 | 5 | ||||||||||||
Funded status at end of year | $ | (107 | ) | $ | (240 | ) | $ | (349 | ) | $ | (349 | ) | ||||
Amounts recognized | ||||||||||||||||
Other assets | $ | 69 | $ | – | $ | – | $ | – | ||||||||
Accounts payable and other current liabilities | (5 | ) | (1 | ) | (26 | ) | (26 | ) | ||||||||
Other liabilities | (171 | ) | (239 | ) | (323 | ) | (323 | ) | ||||||||
Total liabilities | (107 | ) | (240 | ) | (349 | ) | (349 | ) | ||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(1) | 356 | 507 | 93 | 101 | ||||||||||||
Net amount recognized | $ | 249 | $ | 267 | $ | (256 | ) | $ | (248 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Prior to taxes and minority interest |
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Pension | Postretirement | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted Average Assumptions | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||
Expense discount rate | 6.00 | % | 5.80 | % | 6.15 | % | 5.80 | % | 5.55 | % | 6.15 | % | ||||||||||||
Liability discount rate | 6.35 | % | 6.00 | % | 5.80 | % | 6.20 | % | 5.80 | % | 5.55 | % | ||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets(1) | 8.50 | % | 8.50 | % | 8.50 | % | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||||||
Expense rate of compensation increase | 3.55 | % | 3.53 | % | 3.60 | % | 3.55 | % | 3.53 | % | 3.60 | % | ||||||||||||
Liability rate of compensation increase | 3.56 | % | 3.55 | % | 3.53 | % | 3.56 | % | 3.55 | % | 3.53 | % | ||||||||||||
(1) | Expected return on plan assets is presented after administration expenses. |
In evaluating the expected rate of return on pension plan assets, we consider the actual 10 to15-year historical returns on asset classes in PBG sponsored pension plans’ investment portfolio, reflecting the weighted-average return of our asset allocation and use them as a guide for future returns. Over time, the expected rate of return on pension plan assets should approximate the actual long-term returns. Based on the historical and estimated future returns of the pension plans’ portfolio, we estimate the long-term rate of return on assets for our pension plans to be 8.50 percent in 2008.
Funding and Plan Assets | Allocation Percentage | |||||||||||
Target | Actual | Actual | ||||||||||
Asset Category | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | |||||||||
Equity securities | 75 | % | 75 | % | 76 | % | ||||||
Debt securities | 25 | % | 25 | % | 24 | % | ||||||
The table above shows the target allocation and actual allocation. Target allocations of PBG sponsored pension plans’ assets reflect the long-term nature of our pension liabilities. None of the assets are invested directly in equity or debt instruments issued by PBG, PepsiCo or any bottling affiliates of PepsiCo, although it is possible that insignificant indirect investments exist through our broad market indices. PBG sponsored pension plans’ equity investments are diversified across all areas of the equity market (i.e., large, mid and small capitalization stocks as well as international equities). PBG sponsored pension plans’ fixed income investments are also diversified and consist of both corporate and U.S. government bonds. The pension plans do not invest directly in any derivative investments. The pension plans’ assets are held in a pension trust account at our trustee’s bank.
PBG’s pension investment policy and strategy are mandated by PBG’s Pension Investment Committee (“PIC”) and are overseen by the PBG Board of Directors’ Compensation and Management Development Committee. The plan assets are invested using a combination of enhanced and passive indexing strategies. The performance of the plan assets is benchmarked against market indices and reviewed by the PIC. Changes in investment strategies, asset allocations and specific investments are approved by the PIC prior to execution.
Health Care Cost Trend Rates– We have assumed an average increase of 9.5 percent in 2008 in the cost of postretirement medical benefits for employees who retired before cost sharing was introduced. This average increase is then projected to decline gradually to five percent in 2015 and thereafter.
Assumed health care cost trend rates have an impact on the amounts reported for postretirement medical plans. A one-percentage point change in assumed health care costs would have the following impact:
1% Increase | 1% Decrease | ||||||
Effect on total fiscal year 2007 service and interest cost components | $ | 1 | $ | (1 | )* | ||
Effect on the fiscal year 2007 postretirement benefit obligation | $ | 5 | $ | (4 | ) | ||
* | Impact was slightly less than $0.5 million. |
Pension and Postretirement Cash Flow –We do not fund our pension plan and postretirement medical plans when our contributions would not be tax deductible or when benefits would be taxable to the employee before receipt. Of the total U.S. pension liabilities at December 29, 2007, $70 million relates to pension plans not funded due to these unfavorable tax consequences.
Employer Contributions | Pension | Postretirement | ||||
2006 | $ | 66 | $ | 22 | ||
2007 | $ | 74 | $ | 21 | ||
2008 (expected) | $ | 30 | $ | 26 | ||
Expected Benefits –The expected benefit payments made from PBG sponsored pension and postretirement medical plans (with and without the prescription drug subsidy provided by the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003) to our participants over the next ten years are as follows:
Pension | Postretirement | ||||||||
Including | Excluding | ||||||||
Medicare | Medicare | ||||||||
Expected Benefit Payments | Subsidy | Subsidy | |||||||
2008 | $ | 67 | $ | 26 | $ | 27 | |||
2009 | $ | 68 | $ | 26 | $ | 28 | |||
2010 | $ | 73 | $ | 27 | $ | 28 | |||
2011 | $ | 80 | $ | 28 | $ | 29 | |||
2012 | $ | 88 | $ | 28 | $ | 29 | |||
2013 to 2017 | $ | 563 | $ | 147 | $ | 153 | |||
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PART II(continued) | ||
Note 11 – Income Taxes
The details of our income tax provision are set forth below:
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Current: | ||||||||||||
Federal | $ | 168 | $ | 154 | $ | 238 | ||||||
Foreign | 25 | 36 | 48 | |||||||||
State | 26 | 30 | 26 | |||||||||
219 | 220 | 312 | ||||||||||
Deferred: | ||||||||||||
Federal | (41 | ) | (26 | ) | (36 | ) | ||||||
Foreign | 5 | (35 | ) | (19 | ) | |||||||
State | (6 | ) | – | (10 | ) | |||||||
(42 | ) | (61 | ) | (65 | ) | |||||||
$ | 177 | $ | 159 | $ | 247 | |||||||
In 2007, our tax provision includes higher taxes on higher international earnings, as well as the following significant items:
• | Valuation allowances –During 2007, we reversed deferred tax asset valuation allowances resulting in an $11 million tax benefit. These reversals were due to improved profitability trends in Russia. |
• | Tax audit settlement –The statute of limitations for the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) audit of our2001-2002 tax returns closed on June 30, 2007, and we released approximately $46 million in reserves for uncertain tax benefits relating to such audit. |
• | Tax rate changes –During 2007, changes to the income tax laws in Canada, Mexico and certain state jurisdictions in the U.S. were enacted. These law changes required us to re-measure our net deferred tax liabilities which resulted in a net decrease to our income tax expense of approximately $13 million before the impact of minority interest. |
In 2006, our tax provision includes increased taxes on U.S. earnings and additional contingencies related to certain historic tax positions, as well as the following significant items:
• | Valuation allowances –During 2006, we reversed deferred tax asset valuation allowances resulting in a $34 million tax benefit. These reversals were due to improved profitability trends and certain restructurings in Spain, Russia and Turkey. |
• | Tax audit settlement –The statute of limitations for the IRS audit of our1999-2000 tax returns closed on December 30, 2006, and we released approximately $55 million in tax contingency reserves relating to such audit. |
• | Tax rate changes –During 2006, changes to the income tax laws in Canada, Turkey and certain jurisdictions within the U.S. were enacted. These law changes required us to re-measure our net deferred tax liabilities using lower tax rates which decreased our income tax expense by approximately $11 million before the impact of minority interest. |
In 2005, our tax provision includes increased taxes on U.S. earnings and additional contingencies related to certain historic tax positions, as well as the following significant items:
• | Valuation allowances –During 2005, we reversed deferred tax asset valuation allowances resulting in a $27 million tax benefit. These reversals were due in part to improved profitability trends in Russia and a change to the Russia tax law that enabled us to use a greater amount of our Russian net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”). Additionally, the implementation of U.S. legal entity restructuring contributed to the remainder of the valuation allowance reversal. |
• | International legal entity and debt restructuring –During 2005, we completed the reorganization of our international legal entity and debt structure to allow for more efficient cash mobilization, to reduce taxable foreign exchange risks and to reduce potential future tax costs. This reorganization resulted in a $22 million tax charge. |
Our U.S. and foreign income before income taxes is set forth below:
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||
U.S. | $ | 474 | $ | 485 | $ | 588 | |||
Foreign | 235 | 196 | 125 | ||||||
$ | 709 | $ | 681 | $ | 713 | ||||
Below is our reconciliation of the income tax rate from the U.S.��federal statutory rate to our effective tax rate:
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Income taxes computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | ||||||
State income tax, net of federal tax benefit | 2.2 | 4.2 | 2.1 | |||||||||
Impact of foreign results | (4.5 | ) | (1.8 | ) | (4.4 | ) | ||||||
Change in valuation allowances, net | (3.5 | ) | (7.5 | ) | (6.0 | ) | ||||||
Nondeductible expenses | 2.6 | 1.9 | 1.8 | |||||||||
Other, net | 1.5 | 1.3 | 3.2 | |||||||||
International legal entity and debt restructuring reserves | – | – | 3.0 | |||||||||
Release of tax reserves from audit settlements | (6.5 | ) | (8.0 | ) | – | |||||||
Tax rate change benefit | (1.8 | ) | (1.7 | ) | – | |||||||
Total effective income tax rate | 25.0 | % | 23.4 | % | 34.7 | % | ||||||
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The details of our 2007 and 2006 deferred tax liabilities (assets) are set forth below:
2007 | 2006 | |||||||
Intangible assets and property, plant and equipment | $ | 1,585 | $ | 1,620 | ||||
Investments | 178 | 80 | ||||||
Other | 41 | 27 | ||||||
Gross deferred tax liabilities | 1,804 | 1,727 | ||||||
Net operating loss carryforwards | (366 | ) | (275 | ) | ||||
Employee benefit obligations | (248 | ) | (310 | ) | ||||
Bad debts | (11 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||
Various liabilities and other | (218 | ) | (105 | ) | ||||
Gross deferred tax assets | (843 | ) | (702 | ) | ||||
Deferred tax asset valuation allowance | 244 | 195 | ||||||
Net deferred tax assets | (599 | ) | (507 | ) | ||||
Net deferred tax liability | $ | 1,205 | $ | 1,220 | ||||
Consolidated Balance Sheets Classification | ||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | (129 | ) | $ | (58 | ) | ||
Other assets | (24 | ) | (21 | ) | ||||
Accounts payable and other current liabilities | 2 | 6 | ||||||
Deferred income taxes | 1,356 | 1,293 | ||||||
Net amount recognized | $ | 1,205 | $ | 1,220 | ||||
We have NOLs totaling $1,398 million at December 29, 2007, which resulted in deferred tax assets of $366 million and which may be available to reduce future taxes in the U.S., Spain, Russia, Greece, Turkey and Mexico. Of these NOLs, $33 million expire in 2008 and $1,365 million expire at various times between 2009 and 2027. At December 29, 2007, we have tax credit carryforwards in the U.S. of $1 million with an indefinite carryforward period and in Mexico of $41 million, which expire at various times between 2009 and 2017. We establish valuation allowances on our deferred tax assets, including NOLs and tax credits, when the amount of expected future taxable income is not likely to support the use of the deduction or credit. Our valuation allowances, which reduce our deferred tax assets to an amount that will more likely than not be realized, were $244 million at December 29, 2007. Our valuation allowance increased $49 million in 2007 and decreased $33 million in 2006.
Approximately $8 million of our valuation allowance relating to our deferred tax assets at December 29, 2007, would be applied to reduce goodwill if reversed in future periods.
Deferred taxes have not been recognized on the excess of the amount for financial reporting purposes over the tax basis of investments in foreign subsidiaries that are expected to be permanent in duration. This amount becomes taxable upon a repatriation of assets from the subsidiary or a sale or liquidation of the subsidiary. The amount of such temporary difference totaled $1,113 million at December 29, 2007 and $858 million at December 30, 2006, respectively. Determination of the amount of unrecognized deferred income taxes related to this temporary difference is not practicable.
Income taxes receivable from taxing authorities were $19 million and $35 million at December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, respectively. Such amounts are recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Income taxes payable to taxing authorities were $36 million and $20 million at December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, respectively. Such amounts are recorded within accounts payable and other current liabilities in our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Income taxes receivable from PepsiCo were $7 million and $6 million at December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, respectively. Such amounts are recorded within accounts receivable in our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts paid to taxing authorities and PepsiCo for income taxes were $195 million, $203 million and $235 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
We have a tax separation agreement with PepsiCo, which among other provisions, specifies that PepsiCo maintain full control and absolute discretion for any combined or consolidated tax filings for tax periods ended on or before our initial public offering that occurred in March 1999. However, PepsiCo may not settle any issue without our written consent, which consent cannot be unreasonably withheld. PepsiCo has contractually agreed to act in good faith with respect to all tax examination matters affecting us. In accordance with the tax separation agreement, we will bear our allocable share of any cost or benefit resulting from the settlement of tax matters affecting us for these periods. The IRS is currently examining PBG’s and PepsiCo’s joint tax returns for 1998 through March 1999.
In 2007, we adopted FIN 48, which provides specific guidance on the financial statement recognition, measurement, reporting and disclosure of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. As a result, as of the beginning of 2007, we recognized a $5 million increase to retained earnings from the cumulative effect of adoption of FIN 48.
Below is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of the gross unrecognized tax benefits, which are recorded in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
2007 | ||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 239 | ||
Increases due to tax positions related to prior years | 32 | |||
Increases due to tax positions related to the current year | 15 | |||
Decreases due to tax positions related to prior years | (19 | ) | ||
Decreases due to tax positions related to the current year | – | |||
Decreases due to settlements with taxing authorities | (6 | ) | ||
Decreases due to lapse of statute of limitations | (49 | ) | ||
Currency translation adjustment | 8 | |||
Balance at end of year | $ | 220 | ||
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Of the ending balance above, $212 million is reported in Other Liabilities, $5 million is reported in Accounts Payable and Other Current Liabilities and $3 million is reported as a reduction in deferred tax assets in our Consolidated Financial Statements. Approximately $169 million of unrecognized benefits would impact our effective tax rate over time, if recognized.
During the fiscal year 2007, we recognized $1 million of expense, net of reversals, for interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax positions in the income tax expense line of our Consolidated Statements of Operations. We had approximately $83 million of gross interest and penalties accrued at the beginning of 2007 and $77 million at the end of fiscal year ended 2007.
We file annual income tax returns in the United States (“U.S.”) federal jurisdiction, various U.S. state and local jurisdictions, and in various foreign jurisdictions. A number of years may elapse before an uncertain tax position, for which we have unrecognized tax benefits, is audited and finally resolved. While it is often difficult to predict the final outcome or the timing of resolution of any particular uncertain tax position, we believe that our unrecognized tax benefits reflect the outcome that is more likely than not to occur. We adjust these unrecognized tax benefits, as well as the related interest and penalties, in light of changing facts and circumstances. The resolution of a matter could be recognized as an adjustment to our provision for income taxes and our effective tax rate in the period of resolution, and may also require a use of cash.
The number of tax years that remain open and subject to tax audits varies depending on the tax jurisdiction. Our major taxing jurisdictions include the U.S., Mexico, Canada and Russia. In the U.S., the IRS statute of limitations for our 2001 and 2002 tax years expired on June 30, 2007. As a result, we recorded $46 million of a net non-cash benefit in our Consolidated Statement of Operations in the third quarter of 2007. The IRS initiated its audit of our U.S. income tax returns for the 2003 through 2005 tax years in the second quarter of 2007. The audit is progressing and we cannot reasonably estimate the timing or the change in unrecognized tax benefits from the resolution of any matters resulting from the audit on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In Canada, income tax audits have been completed for all tax years through 2004. We are in agreement with the audit results except for one matter which we continue to dispute for our 1999 through 2004 tax years. We cannot reasonably estimate the timing or the change in unrecognized tax benefit from the resolution of this matter on our Consolidated Financial Statements. The audit of our Canadian tax return for the 2005 tax year started in the fourth quarter of 2007. The audit is progressing, however, we cannot reasonably estimate the timing or the change in unrecognized tax benefits from the resolution of any matters resulting from the audit on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In Russia, tax audits have been concluded for our 2002 through 2004 tax years. We continue to dispute certain matters relating to these tax years and do not anticipate the resolution of the open matters to significantly impact our financial statements. Our 2005 and 2006 tax years remain open in Russia and certain legal entities are currently under audit. The audit is in its initial stages and we cannot reasonably estimate the timing or the change in unrecognized tax benefits from the resolution of any matters resulting from the audit on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
The Mexican statute of limitations for the 2001 tax year expired in the second quarter of 2007, the impact of which was not material to our Consolidated Financial Statements. The Mexican tax authorities initiated their audit of the 2002 and 2003 tax years in the fourth quarter of 2007. The audit is in its initial stages and we cannot reasonably estimate the timing or the change in unrecognized tax benefits from the resolution of any matters resulting from the audit on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Note 12 – Segment Information
We operate in one industry, carbonated soft drinks and otherready-to-drink beverages, and all of our segments derive revenue from these products. We conduct business in all or a portion of the U.S., Mexico, Canada, Spain, Russia, Greece and Turkey. Beginning with the fiscal quarter ended March 25, 2006, PBG changed its financial reporting methodology to three reportable segments – U.S. & Canada, Europe (which includes Spain, Russia, Greece and Turkey) and Mexico. The operating segments of the U.S. and Canada are aggregated into a single reportable segment due to their economic similarity as well as similarity across products, manufacturing and distribution methods, types of customers and regulatory environments.
Operationally, the Company is organized along geographic lines with specific regional management teams having responsibility for the financial results in each reportable segment. We evaluate the performance of these segments based on operating income or loss. Operating income or loss is exclusive of net interest expense, minority interest, foreign exchange gains and losses and income taxes.
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The Company has restated fiscal year 2005 segment information presented in the tables below to conform to the current segment reporting structure.
Net Revenues | |||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||
U.S. & Canada | $ | 10,336 | $ | 9,910 | $ | 9,342 | |||
Europe | 1,872 | 1,534 | 1,366 | ||||||
Mexico | 1,383 | 1,286 | 1,177 | ||||||
Worldwide net revenues | $ | 13,591 | $ | 12,730 | $ | 11,885 | |||
Net revenues in the U.S. were $9,202, $8,901 and $8,438 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. In 2007, 2006 and 2005, the Company did not have one individual customer that represented 10% of total revenues, although sales to Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. and its affiliated companies were 9.7% of our revenues in 2007, primarily as a result of transactions in the U.S. & Canada segment.
Operating Income | ||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||
U.S. & Canada | $ | 893 | $ | 878 | $ | 926 | ||||
Europe | 106 | 57 | 35 | |||||||
Mexico | 72 | 82 | 62 | |||||||
Worldwide operating income | 1,071 | 1,017 | 1,023 | |||||||
Interest expense, net | 274 | 266 | 250 | |||||||
Other non-operating (income) expenses, net | (6 | ) | 11 | 1 | ||||||
Minority interest | 94 | 59 | 59 | |||||||
Income before income taxes | $ | 709 | $ | 681 | $ | 713 | ||||
For the fiscal years ended 2007 and 2006, operating income includes the impact of adopting SFAS 123R. The comparable period in 2005 has not been restated as described in Note 4.
Total Assets | Long-Lived Assets(1) | |||||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
U.S. & Canada | $ | 9,737 | $ | 9,044 | $ | 8,869 | $ | 7,572 | $ | 7,150 | $ | 7,175 | ||||||
Europe | 1,671 | 1,072 | 894 | 1,014 | 554 | 459 | ||||||||||||
Mexico | 1,707 | 1,811 | 1,761 | 1,443 | 1,474 | 1,478 | ||||||||||||
Worldwide total | $ | 13,115 | $ | 11,927 | $ | 11,524 | $ | 10,029 | $ | 9,178 | $ | 9,112 | ||||||
(1) | Long-lived assets represent property, plant and equipment, other intangible assets, goodwill and other assets. |
Long-lived assets in the U.S. were $6,319, $6,108 and $6,129 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
Capital Expenditures | Depreciation and Amortization | |||||||||||||||||
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
U.S. & Canada | $ | 626 | $ | 558 | $ | 546 | $ | 510 | $ | 514 | $ | 486 | ||||||
Europe | 146 | 99 | 96 | 72 | 52 | 63 | ||||||||||||
Mexico | 82 | 68 | 73 | 87 | 83 | 81 | ||||||||||||
Worldwide total | $ | 854 | $ | 725 | $ | 715 | $ | 669 | $ | 649 | $ | 630 | ||||||
Note 13 – Related Party Transactions
PepsiCo is a related party due to the nature of our franchise relationship and its ownership interest in our Company. The most significant agreements that govern our relationship with PepsiCo consist of:
(1) | Master Bottling Agreement for cola beverages bearing the Pepsi-Cola and Pepsi trademarks in the U.S.; bottling agreements and distribution agreements for non-cola beverages; and a master fountain syrup agreement in the U.S.; |
(2) | Agreements similar to the Master Bottling Agreement and the non-cola agreement for each country in which we operate, as well as a fountain syrup agreement for Canada; |
(3) | A shared services agreement where we obtain various services from PepsiCo and provide services to PepsiCo; |
(4) | Russia Venture Agreement related to the formation of PR Beverages. For further information about the Russia Venture Agreement see Note 2 and Note 6; and |
(5) | Transition agreements that provide certain indemnities to the parties, and provide for the allocation of tax and other assets, liabilities and obligations arising from periods prior to the initial public offering. |
The Master Bottling Agreement provides that we will purchase our entire requirements of concentrates for the cola beverages from PepsiCo at prices, and on terms and conditions, determined from time to time by PepsiCo. Additionally, we review our annual marketing, advertising, management and financial plans each year with PepsiCo for its approval. If we fail to submit these plans, or if we fail to carry them out in all material respects, PepsiCo can terminate our beverage agreements. If our beverage agreements with
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PepsiCo are terminated for this or for any other reason, it would have a material adverse effect on our business and financial results.
The following income (expense) amounts are considered related party transactions as a result of our relationship with PepsiCo and its affiliates:
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Net revenues: | ||||||||||||
Bottler incentives and other arrangements(a) | $ | 66 | $ | 67 | $ | 51 | ||||||
Cost of sales: | ||||||||||||
Purchases of concentrate and finished products, and royalty fees(b) | $ | (3,406 | ) | $ | (3,227 | ) | $ | (2,993 | ) | |||
Bottler incentives and other arrangements(a) | 582 | 570 | 544 | |||||||||
Total cost of sales | $ | (2,824 | ) | $ | (2,657 | ) | $ | (2,449 | ) | |||
Selling, delivery and administrative expenses: | ||||||||||||
Bottler incentives and other arrangements(a) | $ | 66 | $ | 69 | $ | 78 | ||||||
Fountain service fee(c) | 188 | 178 | 183 | |||||||||
Frito-Lay purchases(d) | (270 | ) | (198 | ) | (144 | ) | ||||||
Shared services(e): | ||||||||||||
Shared services expense | (57 | ) | (61 | ) | (69 | ) | ||||||
Shared services revenue | 8 | 8 | 8 | |||||||||
Net shared services | (49 | ) | (53 | ) | (61 | ) | ||||||
HFCS(f) | – | – | 23 | |||||||||
Total selling, delivery and administrative expenses | $ | (65 | ) | $ | (4 | ) | $ | 79 | ||||
Income tax benefit:(g) | $ | 7 | $ | 6 | $ | 3 | ||||||
(a) Bottler Incentives and Other Arrangements – In order to promote PepsiCo beverages, PepsiCo, at its discretion, provides us with various forms of bottler incentives. These incentives cover a variety of initiatives, including direct marketplace support and advertising support. We record most of these incentives as an adjustment to cost of sales unless the incentive is for reimbursement of a specific, incremental and identifiable cost. Under these conditions, the incentive would be recorded as an offset against the related costs, either in net revenues or selling, delivery and administrative expenses. Changes in our bottler incentives and funding levels could materially affect our business and financial results.
Certain corrections were made to prior years’ disclosure of reported bottler incentives recognized in cost of sales. Total bottler incentives for 2006 and 2005 have been reduced by approximately $25 million and $15 million, respectively. The correction had no impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
(b) Purchases of Concentrate and Finished Product – As part of our franchise relationship, we purchase concentrate from PepsiCo, pay royalties and produce or distribute other products through various arrangements with PepsiCo or PepsiCo joint ventures. The prices we pay for concentrate, finished goods and royalties are generally determined by PepsiCo at its sole discretion. Concentrate prices are typically determined annually. In January 2007, PepsiCo increased the price of U.S. concentrate by 3.7 percent. PepsiCo has recently announced a further increase of approximately three percent, effective January 2008 in the U.S. Significant changes in the amount we pay PepsiCo for concentrate, finished goods and royalties could materially affect our business and financial results. These amounts are reflected in cost of sales in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(c) Fountain Service Fee – We manufacture and distribute fountain products and provide fountain equipment service to PepsiCo customers in some territories in accordance with the Pepsi beverage agreements. Fees received from PepsiCo for these transactions offset the cost to provide these services. The fees and costs for these services are recorded in selling, delivery and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(d) Frito-Lay Purchases – We purchase snack food products from Frito-Lay, Inc. (“Frito”), a subsidiary of PepsiCo, for sale and distribution in Russia primarily to accommodate PepsiCo with the infrastructure of our distribution network. Frito would otherwise be required to source third-party distribution services to reach their customers in Russia. We make payments to PepsiCo for the cost of these snack products and retain a minimal net fee based on the gross sales price of the products. Payments for the purchase of snack products are reflected in selling, delivery and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(e) Shared Services – We provide to and receive various services from PepsiCo and PepsiCo affiliates pursuant to a shared services agreement and other arrangements. In the absence of these agreements, we would have to obtain such services on our own. We might not be able to obtain these services on terms, including cost, which are as favorable as those we receive from PepsiCo. Total expenses incurred and income generated is reflected in selling, delivery and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(f) High Fructose Corn Syrup (“HFCS”) Settlement – On June 28, 2005, Bottling LLC and PepsiCo entered into a settlement agreement related to the allocation of certain proceeds from the settlement of the HFCS class action lawsuit. The lawsuit related to purchases of high fructose corn syrup by several companies, including bottling entities owned and operated by PepsiCo, during the period from July 1, 1991 to June 30, 1995 (the “Class Period”). Certain of the bottling entities owned by PepsiCo were transferred to
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PBG when PepsiCo formed PBG in 1999 (the “PepsiCo Bottling Entities”). Under the settlement agreement with PepsiCo, the Company ultimately received 45.8 percent (or approximately $23 million) of the total recovery related to HFCS purchases by PepsiCo Bottling Entities during the Class Period. Total proceeds are reflected in selling, delivery and administrative expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(g) Income Tax Benefit – Total settlements under the tax separation agreement are recorded in income tax expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. For information about our tax separation agreement with PepsiCo, see Note 11.
Other Related Party Transactions
Bottling LLC will distribute pro-rata to PepsiCo and PBG, based upon membership interest, sufficient cash such that aggregate cash distributed to us will enable us to pay our income taxes and interest on our $1 billion 7% senior notes due 2029. PepsiCo’s pro-rata cash distribution during 2007, 2006 and 2005 from Bottling LLC was $17 million, $19 million and $12 million, respectively.
In accordance with our tax separation agreement with PepsiCo, in 2006 PBG reimbursed PepsiCo $5 million for our obligations with respect to certain IRS matters relating to the tax years 1998 through March 1999.
There are certain manufacturing cooperatives whose assets, liabilities and results of operations are consolidated in our financial statements. Concentrate purchases from PepsiCo by these cooperatives, not included in the table above, for the years ended 2007, 2006 and 2005 were $143 million, $72 million and $25 million, respectively.
As of December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, the receivables from PepsiCo and its affiliates were $188 million and $168 million, respectively. Our receivables from PepsiCo are shown as part of accounts receivable in our Consolidated Financial Statements. As of December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, the payables to PepsiCo and its affiliates were $255 million and $234 million, respectively. Our payables to PepsiCo are shown as part of accounts payable and other current liabilities in our Consolidated Financial Statements.
On March 1, 2007, we and PepsiCo formed PR Beverages Limited, a joint venture comprising PepsiCo’s concentrate and our bottling businesses in Russia. For further details regarding this transaction, see Note 2 and Note 6.
One of our board members has been designated by PepsiCo. This board member, who retired from PepsiCo in June 2007, does not serve on our Audit and Affiliated Transactions Committee, Compensation and Management Development Committee or Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. In addition, one of the managing directors of Bottling LLC is an officer of PepsiCo.
Note 14 – Restructuring Charges and Full Service Vending Rationalization
Restructuring Charges
Organizational Realignment – On August 8, 2007, we announced a restructuring program (the “Organizational Realignment”) to realign the Company’s organization to adapt to changes in the marketplace, improve operating efficiencies and enhance the growth potential of the Company’s product portfolio. As part of the Organizational Realignment we reduced the number of business units in the U.S. & Canada from eight to six to centralize decision making and increase speed to market, resulting in the elimination of approximately 200 positions. The restructuring program also resulted in the elimination of approximately 650 positions in Mexico and Europe, many of which were hourly frontline positions in warehouse and production.
The Organizational Realignment is expected to cost $30 to $35 million over the course of the program, which is primarily for severance, relocation and other employee-related costs. As of December 29, 2007, we had eliminated approximately 800 positions across all reporting segments and incurred a pre-tax charge of approximately $26 million, which was recorded in selling, delivery and administrative expenses. The remaining costs, which primarily relate to relocation expenses in the U.S., will be recorded in the first quarter of 2008.
Substantially all costs associated with the Organizational Realignment required cash payments in 2007 or will require cash payments in 2008. Additionally, in connection with the elimination of positions primarily in Mexico, we made approximately $4 million of employee benefit payments pursuant to existing unfunded termination indemnity plans. These benefit payments have been accrued for in previous periods and, therefore, are not included in our estimated cost for this program and are not included in the tables below. The following table summarizes the pre-tax costs associated with the Organizational Realignment by reportable segment for the year ended December 29, 2007:
Worldwide | U.S. & Canada | Europe | |||||||
Costs incurred through December 29, 2007 | $ | 26 | $ | 18 | $ | 8 | |||
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The following table summarizes the nature of and activity related to pre-tax costs associated with the Organizational Realignment for the year ended December 29, 2007:
Severance | Enhanced | ||||||||||||||
& Related | Pension | Relocation | |||||||||||||
Total | Benefits | Benefits | & Other | ||||||||||||
Costs incurred through December 29, 2007 | $ | 26 | $ | 15 | $ | 4 | $ | 7 | |||||||
Cash payments (pre-tax) | (13 | ) | (7 | ) | – | (6 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash settlements | (1 | ) | – | – | (1 | ) | |||||||||
Remaining costs accrued at December 29, 2007 | $ | 12 | $ | 8 | $ | 4 | $ | – | |||||||
Other Restructuring Charges – In the fourth quarter of 2007, we implemented and completed an additional phase of restructuring actions to improve operating efficiencies. In addition to the amounts discussed above, we recorded a pre-tax charge of approximately $4 million in selling, delivery and administrative expenses, primarily related to employee termination costs in Mexico, and eliminated an additional 800 positions as a result of this phase of the restructuring.
Full Service Vending Rationalization
On October 1, 2007, we adopted a Full Service Vending (“FSV”) Rationalization plan, which we expect to complete by the end of the second quarter of 2008, to rationalize our vending asset base in our U.S. & Canada segment by disposing older underperforming assets and redeploying certain assets to higher return accounts.
Over the course of the FSV Rationalization plan, we will incur a pre-tax charge of $30 to $35 million, the majority of which is non-cash, including costs associated with the removal of these assets from service, disposal costs and redeployment expenses.
During the fourth quarter of 2007 we incurred a pre-tax charge of approximately $23 million in connection with this action. The pre-tax charge is recorded in selling, delivery and administrative expenses.
Note 15 – Contingencies
We are subject to various claims and contingencies related to lawsuits, environmental and other matters arising out of the normal course of business. We believe that the ultimate liability arising from such claims or contingencies, if any, in excess of amounts already recognized is not likely to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position or liquidity.
Note 16 – Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The year-end balances related to each component of AOCL were as follows:
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | ||||||||||
Net currency translation adjustment | $ | 199 | $ | (21 | ) | $ | (46 | ) | ||||
Cash flow hedge adjustment(1) | 10 | 11 | 3 | |||||||||
Minimum pension liability adjustment(2) | – | (192 | ) | (219 | ) | |||||||
Adoption of SFAS 158(3) | – | (159 | ) | – | ||||||||
Pension and postretirement medical benefit plans adjustment(4) | (257 | ) | – | – | ||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (48 | ) | $ | (361 | ) | $ | (262 | ) | |||
(1) | Net of minority interest and taxes of $(8) million in 2007, $(7) million in 2006 and $(2) million in 2005. |
(2) | Net of minority interest and taxes of $143 million in 2006 and $164 million in 2005. |
(3) | Net of minority interest and taxes of $124 million in 2006. |
(4) | Net of minority interest and taxes of $195 million in 2007. |
Note 17 – Selected Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)
Quarter to quarter comparisons of our financial results are impacted by our fiscal year cycle and the seasonality of our business. The seasonality of our operating results arises from higher sales in the second and third quarters versus the first and fourth quarters of the year, combined with the impact of fixed costs, such as depreciation and interest, which are not significantly impacted by business seasonality.
First | Second | Third | Fourth | ||||||||||||
Quarter | Quarter | Quarter | Quarter | Full Year | |||||||||||
2007(1) | |||||||||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 2,466 | $ | 3,360 | $ | 3,729 | $ | 4,036 | $ | 13,591 | |||||
Gross profit | 1,123 | 1,535 | 1,726 | 1,837 | 6,221 | ||||||||||
Operating income | 120 | 338 | 433 | 180 | 1,071 | ||||||||||
Net income | 29 | 162 | 260 | 81 | 532 | ||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share(2) | $ | 0.12 | $ | 0.70 | $ | 1.12 | $ | 0.35 | $ | 2.29 | |||||
First | Second | Third | Fourth | ||||||||||||
Quarter | Quarter | Quarter | Quarter | Full Year | |||||||||||
2006(1) | |||||||||||||||
Net revenues | $ | 2,367 | $ | 3,138 | $ | 3,460 | $ | 3,765 | $ | 12,730 | |||||
Gross profit(3) | 1,096 | 1,453 | 1,588 | 1,693 | 5,830 | ||||||||||
Operating income | 121 | 315 | 383 | 198 | 1,017 | ||||||||||
Net income | 34 | 148 | 207 | 133 | 522 | ||||||||||
Diluted earnings per share(2) | $ | 0.14 | $ | 0.61 | $ | 0.86 | $ | 0.55 | $ | 2.16 | |||||
(1) | For additional unaudited information see “Items affecting comparability of our financial results” in Management’s Financial Review in Item 7. |
(2) | Diluted earnings per share are computed independently for each of the periods presented. |
(3) | We reclassified certain costs in our 2006 Consolidated Statement of Operations to conform to the 2007 presentation. See Note 1 for further information about this reclassification. Accordingly, some of the 2006 amounts presented above may vary from the amounts reported in the quarterly reports filed during 2006. |
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc.
Somers, New York
The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc.
Somers, New York
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 29, 2007. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15. These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 29, 2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
As discussed in Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements, effective December 31, 2006, the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.”
As discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” as revised.
As discussed in Note 10 to the consolidated financial statements, effective December 30, 2006, the Company adopted Statement on Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans – an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R),” related to the requirement to recognize the funded status of a benefit plan.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 29, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 27, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
February 27, 2008
February 27, 2008
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PART II(continued) | ||
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Included in Item 7, Management’s Financial Review – Market Risks and Cautionary Statements.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
Included in Item 7, Management’s Financial Review – Financial Statements.
Bottling LLC’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2007 is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 as required by the SEC as a result of Bottling LLC’s guarantee of up to $1,000,000,000 aggregate principal amount of our 7% Senior Notes due in 2029.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
PBG’s management carried out an evaluation, as required byRule 13a-15(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of our last fiscal quarter. Based upon this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report onForm 10-K, such that the information relating to PBG and its consolidated subsidiaries required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports filed with the SEC (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to PBG’s management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
PBG’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for PBG. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of PBG’s assets, (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that PBG’s receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of PBG’s management and directors, and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of PBG’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
As required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rule of the SEC, management assessed the effectiveness of PBG’s internal control over financial reporting using the Internal Control-Integrated Framework developed by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Based on this assessment, management concluded that PBG’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 29, 2007. Management has not identified any material weaknesses in PBG’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 29, 2007.
Our independent auditors, Deloitte & Touche, LLP (“D&T”), who have audited and reported on our financial statements, issued an attestation report on PBG’s internal control over financial reporting. D&T’s reports are included in this annual report.
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REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc.
Somers, New York
The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc.
Somers, New York
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 29, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 29, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule as of and for the year ended December 29, 2007 of the Company and our report dated February 27, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements and financial statement schedule and includes an explanatory paragraph regarding the Company’s adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.”
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
February 27, 2008
Changes in Internal Controls
PBG’s management also carried out an evaluation, as required byRule 13a-15(d) of the Exchange Act, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of changes in PBG’s internal control over financial reporting. Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
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PART III | ||
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
The name, age and background of each of our directors nominated for election are contained under the caption “Election of Directors” in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. Pursuant to Item 401(b) ofRegulation S-K, the requisite information pertaining to our executive officers is reported in Part I of this Report under the caption “Executive Officers of the Registrant.”
Information on compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption “Ownership of PBG Common Stock – Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.”
Information regarding the adoption of our Worldwide Code of Conduct, any material amendments thereto and any related waivers are contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption “Corporate Governance – Worldwide Code of Conduct.”
The identification of our Audit Committee members and our Audit Committee financial expert is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption “Corporate Governance – Committees of the Board of Directors.”
All of the foregoing information is incorporated herein by reference.
The Worldwide Code of Conduct is posted on our website atwww.pbg.com under Investor Relations – Company Information – Corporate Governance. A copy of our Worldwide Code of Conduct is available upon request without charge by writing to The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc., One Pepsi Way, Somers, New York 10589, Attention: Investor Relations.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Information on compensation of our directors and certain named executive officers is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the captions “Director Compensation” and “Executive Compensation,” respectively, and is incorporated herein by reference.
Information regarding compensation committee interlocks and insider participation is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption “Corporate Governance – Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and is incorporated herein by reference.
The information furnished under the caption “Compensation Committee Report” is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Information relating to securities authorized for issuance under PBG’s equity compensation plans is contained in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders under the caption “Executive Compensation — Equity Compensation Plan Information” and is incorporated herein by reference.
Information on the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by each director, each named executive officer and by all directors and all executive officers as a group is contained under the caption “Ownership of PBG Common Stock – Ownership of Common Stock by Directors and Executive Officers” and information on each beneficial owner of more than 5% of PBG common stock is contained under the caption “Ownership of PBG Common Stock – Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Information relating to certain transactions between PBG, PepsiCo and their affiliates and certain other persons, as well as our procedures for the review, approval or ratification of any such transactions, is set forth under the caption “Transactions with Related Persons” in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
Information on the independence of our directors is contained under the caption “Corporate Governance – Director Independence” in our Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
Information relating to audit fees, audit-related fees, tax fees and all other fees billed in fiscal years 2007 and 2006 by Deloitte & Touche LLP for services rendered to PBG is set forth under the caption “Independent Accountants Fees and Services” in the Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference. In addition, information relating to thepre-approval policies and procedures of the Audit and Affiliated Transactions Committee is set forth under the caption “Independent Accountants Fees and Services – Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures” in the Proxy Statement for our 2008 Annual Meeting of Shareholders and is incorporated herein by reference.
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PART IV | ||
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
(a) 1. Financial Statements. The following consolidated financial statements of PBG and its subsidiaries are included herein:
Consolidated Statements of Operations – Fiscal years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Fiscal years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005.
Consolidated Balance Sheets – December 29, 2007 and December 30, 2006.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity – Fiscal years ended December 29, 2007, December 30, 2006 and December 31, 2005.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
2. Financial Statement Schedules. The following financial statement schedule of PBG and its subsidiaries is included in this Report on the page indicated:
Page | ||||
66 |
3. Exhibits
See Index to Exhibits on pages 67 - 69.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
Dated: February 25, 2008
The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc.
By: | /s/ Eric J. Foss |
Eric J. Foss
President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc. and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
SIGNATURE | TITLE | DATE | ||||
/s/ Eric J. Foss Eric J. Foss | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ Alfred H. Drewes Alfred H. Drewes | Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ Thomas M. Lardieri Thomas M. Lardieri | Vice President and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ Barry H. Beracha Barry H. Beracha | Non-Executive Chairman of the Board | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ Linda G. Alvarado Linda G. Alvarado | Director | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ Ira D. Hall Ira D. Hall | Director | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ Susan D. Kronick Susan D. Kronick | Director | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ Blythe J. McGarvie Blythe J. McGarvie | Director | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ Margaret D. Moore Margaret D. Moore | Director | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ John A. Quelch John A. Quelch | Director | February 25, 2008 | ||||
/s/ Javier G. Teruel Javier G. Teruel | Director | February 25, 2008 |
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SCHEDULE II – VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
THE PEPSI BOTTLING GROUP, INC.
THE PEPSI BOTTLING GROUP, INC.
Balance At | Charges to | Accounts | Foreign | Balance At | ||||||||||||||||
Beginning | Cost and | Written | Currency | End Of | ||||||||||||||||
In millions | Of Period | Expenses | Acquisitions | Off | Translation | Period | ||||||||||||||
Fiscal Year Ended December 29, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for losses on trade accounts receivable | $ | 50 | $ | 11 | $ | – | $ | (10 | ) | $ | 3 | $ | 54 | |||||||
Fiscal Year Ended December 30, 2006 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for losses on trade accounts receivable | $ | 51 | $ | 5 | $ | – | $ | (7 | ) | $ | 1 | $ | 50 | |||||||
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Allowance for losses on trade accounts receivable | $ | 61 | $ | 3 | $ | – | $ | (12 | ) | $ | (1 | ) | $ | 51 | ||||||
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Index to Exhibits | ||
EXHIBIT NO. | DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT | |
3.1 | Articles of Incorporation of PBG, which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
3.2 | By-Laws of PBG, which are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
3.3 | Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of PBG, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
3.4 | Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of PBG, dated as of November 27, 2001, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 29, 2001. | |
4.1 | Form of common stock certificate, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
4.2 | Indenture dated as of February 8, 1999 among Pepsi Bottling Holdings, Inc., PepsiCo, Inc., as guarantor, and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as trustee, relating to $1,300,000,000 55/8% Senior Notes due 2009, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
4.3 | First Supplemental Indenture dated as of February 8, 1999 among Pepsi Bottling Holdings, Inc., Bottling Group, LLC, PepsiCo, Inc. and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as trustee, supplementing the Indenture dated as of February 8, 1999 among Pepsi Bottling Holdings, Inc., PepsiCo, Inc. and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as trustee, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
4.4 | Indenture dated as of March 8, 1999 by and among PBG, as obligor, Bottling Group, LLC, as guarantor, and The Chase Manhattan Bank, as trustee, relating to $1,000,000,000 7% Series B Senior Notes due 2029, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
4.5 | Indenture dated as of November 15, 2002 among Bottling Group, LLC, PepsiCo, Inc., as guarantor, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, as trustee, relating to $1,000,000,000 45/8% Senior Notes due November 15, 2012, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 28, 2002. | |
4.6 | Registration Rights Agreement dated as of November 7, 2002 relating to the $1,000,000,000 45/8% Senior Notes due November 15, 2012, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to Bottling Group LLC’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 28, 2002. | |
4.7 | Indenture, dated as of June 10, 2003 by and between Bottling Group, LLC, as obligor, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, as trustee, relating to $250,000,000 41/8% Senior Notes due June 15, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Bottling Group, LLC’s registration statement onForm S-4 (RegistrationNo. 333-106285). | |
4.8 | Registration Rights Agreement dated June 10, 2003 by and among Bottling Group, LLC, J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., Lehman Brothers Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC, Citigroup Global Markets Inc, Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, Deutsche Bank Securities Inc., Blaylock & Partners, L.P. and Fleet Securities, Inc, relating to $250,000,000 41/8% Senior Notes due June 15, 2015, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Bottling Group, LLC’s registration statement onForm S-4 (RegistrationNo. 333-106285). | |
4.9 | Indenture, dated as of October 1, 2003, by and between Bottling Group, LLC, as obligor, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, as trustee, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Bottling Group, LLC’sForm 8-K dated October 3, 2003. | |
4.10 | Form of Note for the $400,000,000 5.00% Senior Notes due November 15, 2013, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Bottling Group, LLC’sForm 8-K dated November 13, 2003. | |
4.11 | Indenture, dated as of March 30, 2006, by and between Bottling Group, LLC, as obligor, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as trustee, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended March 25, 2006. | |
4.12 | Form of Note for the $800,000,000 51/2% Senior Notes due April 1, 2016, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended March 25, 2006. | |
10.1 | Form of Master Bottling Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
10.2 | Form of Master Syrup Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). |
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EXHIBIT NO. | DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT | |
10.3 | Form of Non-Cola Bottling Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
10.4 | Form of Separation Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
10.5 | Form of Shared Services Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
10.6 | Form of Tax Separation Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
10.7 | Form of Employee Programs Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to PBG’s Registration Statement onForm S-1 (RegistrationNo. 333-70291). | |
10.8 | PBG Executive Income Deferral Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 25, 1999. | |
10.9 | PBG 1999 Long-Term Incentive Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 25, 1999. | |
10.10 | PBG Stock Incentive Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 25, 1999. | |
10.11 | Amended PBG Executive Income Deferral Program, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2000. | |
10.12 | PBG Long Term Incentive Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 30, 2000. | |
10.13 | 2002 PBG Long-Term Incentive Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 28, 2002. | |
10.14 | Form of Mexican Master Bottling Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 28, 2002. | |
10.15 | Form of Employee Restricted Stock Agreement under the PBG 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended September 4, 2004. | |
10.16 | Form of Employee Stock Option Agreement under the PBG 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended September 4, 2004. | |
10.17 | Form of Non-Employee Director Annual Stock Option Agreement under the PBG Directors’ Stock Plan which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended September 4, 2004. | |
10.18 | Form of Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Agreement under the PBG Directors’ Stock Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended September 4, 2004. | |
10.19 | Summary of the material terms of the PBG Executive Incentive Compensation Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended September 4, 2004. | |
10.20 | Description of the compensation paid by PBG to its non-management directors which is incorporated herein by reference to the Directors’ Compensation section in PBG’s Proxy Statement for the 2007 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. | |
10.21 | Form of Director Indemnification, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended June 11, 2005. | |
10.22 | PBG 2005 Executive Incentive Compensation Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference to Appendix A to PBG’s Proxy Statement for the 2005 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (the “2005 Proxy Statement”). | |
10.23 | PBG 2004 Long-Term Incentive Plan as amended and restated, effective May 25, 2005, which is incorporated herein by reference to Appendix B to the 2005 Proxy Statement. | |
10.24 | Settlement Agreement between Bottling Group, LLC and PepsiCo, Inc. dated June 28, 2005, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended June 11, 2005. | |
10.25 | Form of Employee Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended September 3, 2005. | |
10.26 | Form of Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the Amended and Restated PBG Directors’ Stock Plan which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2005. |
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EXHIBIT NO. | DESCRIPTION OF EXHIBIT | |
10.27 | Amended and Restated PBG Directors’ Stock Plan dated as of July 19, 2006, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended September 9, 2006. | |
10.28 | Amended and Restated PBG Pension Equalization Plan effective as of January 1, 2006, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to PBG’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 30, 2006. | |
10.29 | Private Limited Company Agreement of PR Beverages Limited dated as of March 1, 2007 among PBG Beverages Ireland Limited, PepsiCo (Ireland), Limited and PR Beverages Limited, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to PBG’s Quarterly Report onForm 10-Q for the quarter ended March 24, 2007. | |
10.30 | U.S. $1,200,000,000 First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of October 19, 2007 among The Pepsi Bottling Group, Inc., as borrower; Bottling Group, LLC, as guarantor; Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and HSBC Securities (USA) Inc., as joint lead arrangers and book managers; Citibank, N.A., as agent; HSBC Bank USA, N.A., as syndication agent; and certain other banks identified in the First Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to PBG’s Current Report onForm 8-K dated October 19, 2007 and filed October 25, 2007. | |
12* | Statement re Computation of Ratios. | |
21* | Subsidiaries of PBG. | |
23* | Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP. | |
24* | Power of Attorney. | |
31.1* | Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
31.2* | Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.1* | Certification by the Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
32.2* | Certification by the Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | |
99.1* | Bottling Group, LLC’s Annual Report onForm 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 29, 2007. |
* | Filed herewith |
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