UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10/A
(Amendment No. 2)
GENERAL FORM FOR REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES
Pursuant to Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
VADDA ENERGY CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Florida | 27-0471741 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
1660 S. Stemmons Freeway, Suite 440 Lewisville, Texas | 75067 |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (214) 222-6500
Securities to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class to be so registered | Name of each exchange on which each class is to be registered |
None | None |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock, $.001 par value
(Title of class)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “non-accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ¨ | Accelerated filer ¨ |
Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company þ |
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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| Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management | |
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| Directors and Executive Officers | |
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| Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | |
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| Market Price of and Dividends on the Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters | |
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| Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities | |
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| Description of Registrant’s Securities to be Registered | |
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| Indemnification of Directors and Officers | |
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| Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | |
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| Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. | |
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| Financial Statements and Exhibits | |
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Forward-Looking Statements
This registration statement on Form 10 includes forward-looking statements in numerous places, including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, any statements regarding future revenues, costs and expenses, earnings, earnings per share, margins, cash flows, dividends and capital expenditures. Important factors which may affect the actual results include, but are not limited to, political developments, market and economic conditions, changes in raw material, transportation and energy costs, industry competition, the ability to execute and realize the expected benefits from strategic initiatives, including revenue and reserve growth plans, mergers and acquisitions and their integration, changes in financial markets and changing legislation and regulations, including changes in tax law or tax regulations. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. We assume no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by law.
Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this registration statement on Form 10 to “we,” “us,” “our,” or the “Company,” shall mean Vadda Energy Corporation (“Vadda”), Mieka Corporation (“Mieka”), its wholly-owned subsidiary, and Mieka LLC, a variable interest entity (“VIE”) under common ownership control with Vadda and Mieka. Mieka is a Delaware corporation and Mieka LLC is a Delaware limited liability company.
General
We are an independent developer and producer of natural gas and oil, with operations in Pennsylvania and Kentucky. Vadda was originally incorporated in Florida in May 1997 as Worldwide Dental Distribution Corp. Since our incorporation, our name has changed a number of times as a result of both acquisitions and changes in our business focus. In July 2003, Moarmoff Trust, an entity for which Anita Blankenship, who is the Chairwoman of our Board of Directors and our Executive Vice President, serves as sole trustee, acquired control of the Company and our name was changed to Vadda Energy Corporation.
On December 1, 2009, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated November 6, 2009 (the “Merger Agreement”) with Mieka, Mieka Acquisition Corp., a Texas corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Vadda, and 18 natural gas and crude oil joint ventures organized under the laws of the State of Texas (collectively the “Mieka Joint Ventures”), the Mieka Joint Ventures merged with and into Vadda.
In connection with the merger of the Mieka Joint Ventures, the Company issued an aggregate of 15,988,935 shares of Vadda common stock to the owners of the Mieka Joint Ventures, of which 967,708 shares were issued to Mieka, the managing venturer of the Mieka Joint Ventures. As a result of the merger of the Mieka Joint Ventures, the Company obtained working interests in producing natural gas and crude oil properties in Pennsylvania and Kentucky.
On December 30, 2009, under the terms of the Merger Agreement, Mieka Acquisition Corp. was merged into Mieka, which survived the merger and thereby became a wholly owned subsidiary of Vadda. In the Mieka merger, the shares of Mieka common stock held by Moarmoff Trust were converted into 69,000,000 shares of Vadda common stock and the shares of Mieka common stock held by Vadda were canceled. As a result of the Mieka merger, Vadda became the owner of 100% of Mieka’s common stock.
Immediately prior to the mergers with the Meika Joint Ventures and Mieka, Moarmoff Trust and our officers and directors (Daro and Anita Blankenship and Verne Rainey) owned approximately 82.9% of Vadda’s outstanding common stock and Vadda owned approximately 19% of Mieka’s outstanding common stock. The remainder of Mieka’s outstanding common stock was owned by Moarmoff Trust. After the issuance of Vadda common stock in the mergers described above, Moarmoff Trust and our officers and directors beneficially owned approximately 81% of Vadda’s outstanding common stock. See Item 4, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in this Form 10.
The Merger Agreement was approved by the holders of a majority of the units in each of the Mieka Joint Ventures, and by the holders of a majority of the outstanding voting stock of Mieka and Vadda.
Both Vadda and Mieka are currently operating companies—Vadda directly holds the assets and liabilities formerly held by the Mieka Joint Ventures and Mieka serves as managing venturer of joint ventures sponsored post-merger.
Before and after the merger, both Vadda and Mieka were under common control by virtue of the fact Moarmoff Trust and Daro and Anita Blankenship were the majority stockholders of both entities. Accordingly, the merger has been accounted for as combinations of entities under common control using the acquisition method of accounting, with no adjustment to the historical basis of the assets and liabilities of Mieka, and the operations were consolidated as though the merger occurred as of January 1, 2009.
Growth Strategy
The Company’s long-term growth strategy is primarily focused on building cash flows from natural gas reserves on lease acreage in the Marcellus Shale formation in southwestern Pennsylvania. We also intend to continue developing oil reserves in Kentucky. We hope to accomplish our objectives in the following manner:
| · | Generating turnkey drilling profits from wells funded and drilled by joint ventures managed by the Company. |
| · | Earning carried working interests in wells drilled by joint ventures sponsored by the Company. In all wells drilled by such joint ventures, our carried interest bears no drilling and completion costs. We bear only the cost of the leasehold rights and our share of operating expenses after the wells are drilled, completed and commence production. |
| · | The Company also purchases an interest in each joint venture equal to 1% of the working interest owned by the joint venture. Such interest is not carried and pays its proportionate share of Venture costs and expenses. |
| · | Direct participation as a working interest owner in wells through a combination of strategies, including retention of carried working interests, overriding royalty interests, and reversionary interests (which we expect will provide us ownership in wells after outside investors have recovered their drilling and completion costs from net revenues from the wells). |
| · | Overhead fees and income earned as the managing venturer of joint ventures. |
| · | Raising additional capital through debt or equity offerings. |
| · | Exploiting our oil and gas wells through use of hydraulic fracturing (or “fracing”), a method we have employed on past wells we have drilled and/or operated, and a technique we intend to utilize in our Marcellus Shale operations. |
Oil and Gas Holdings
Based on a reserve report prepared by Valuescope, Inc. (“Valuescope”), our independent petroleum consultant, our total proved reserves at December 31, 2010 were 8.26 million barrels of oil and 1,576.91 million cubic feet of natural gas. The Company’s oil holdings are found in Warren County, Kentucky, and its natural gas holdings are located in Pennsylvania in Centre, Clearfield and Westmoreland Counties. We have 600 gross acres (594 net acres) of proved developed property located in Kentucky and 4,686 gross acres (2,343 net acres) of proved developed leasehold acreage in Pennsylvania. We also hold 480 acres of undeveloped acreage in Pennsylvania. We seek to increase our reserves through acquisitions and drilling programs. We have focused and will continue to focus on properties located within the Marcellus Shale region, where we believe there are tremendous opportunities for growth.
Marketing and Sales of Natural Gas and Crude Oil
Natural gas and crude oil production from wells in which we own working interests is generally sold directly to natural gas marketing companies and crude oil purchasers. Sales are generally made on the spot market. These prices often are tied to West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude and natural gas prices as posted in national publications. In the future, we may hedge a portion of our natural gas production.
The operators of these wells are responsible for marketing our share of production. As of October 31, 2011, our producing wells were operated as follows:
Natural Gas and Crude Oil Wells (as of October 31, 2011) |
Operator | Natural Gas | Oil | Total |
Mid East Oil Company | 48 | 0 | 48 |
Hayden Harper KA, LLC | 20 | 0 | 20 |
Mieka LLC | 1 | 13 | 14 |
Total: | 69 | 13 | 82 |
Income Derived from Managed Joint Ventures
The Company generates income from its management of joint ventures involved in the exploration and production of oil and natural gas. Generally, Mieka will enter into turnkey drilling and/or turnkey completion agreements with joint ventures it manages to assume the responsibilities for such ventures’ costs and expenses in connection with the drilling and/or completion of oil and natural gas wells in which such ventures hold interest. In the event that the costs and expenses associated with drilling and completion of such wells are more than the amounts paid by the ventures under the turnkey agreements, losses are recognized immediately. The joint ventures also pay monthly management, administrative and overhead fees with respect to wells that are successfully completed.
Competition
We are in direct competition with numerous natural gas and oil producers, drilling and income programs and partnerships that are active in Pennsylvania and Kentucky. Many competitors are large, well-known oil and gas and/or energy companies, although no single entity dominates the industry. Many of our competitors possess greater financial and technological resources, enabling them to identify and acquire more economically desirable properties and drilling prospects than us. Additionally, there is competition from other fuel choices to supply the energy needs of consumers and industry. Nevertheless, management believes that there exists a viable and sustainable market for smaller producers to market natural gas and crude oil production.
Horizontal Drilling and Hydraulic Fracturing
Vast quantities of natural gas and oil deposits exist in deep shale and other formations. It is customary in our industry to recover natural gas and oil from these deep shale formations through the use of hydraulic fracturing, combined with sophisticated horizontal drilling. Horizontal drilling techniques are used to efficiently steer the drilling equipment to reach targeted deposits that are not directly beneath the drill sites or otherwise accessible via conventional vertical drilling. Horizontal drilling is the process of drilling and completing, for production, a well that begins as a vertical bore extending from the surface to a subsurface location just above the target oil or gas reservoir, called the “kickoff point,” then bearing off on an arc to intersect the reservoir at the “entry point,” and, thereafter, continuing at a near-horizontal to substantially or entirely remain within the reservoir until the desired bottom hole location is reached.
Horizontal drilling is intended to obtain economic and other benefits that cannot be obtained with conventional vertical drilling due to the physical characteristics of oil and gas reservoirs, which often make vertical wells impossible, not economically feasible or simply not efficient. For example, because most reservoirs are much more extensive horizontally than they are vertically, horizontal drilling exposes significantly more reservoir rock to the wellbore surface than a conventional vertical well. Benefits of horizontal drilling typically include increased reservoir productivity due to the avoidance of unnecessarily premature water or gas intrusion (i.e., that may otherwise interfere with production) and the prolongation of the reservoir’s commercial life, as well as decreased environmental impact.
Although horizontal wells are generally more expensive than vertical wells, horizontal drilling often enables operators to achieve better returns on drilling investments because the production from one horizontal well is frequently significantly greater than the production from one vertical well.
Hydraulic fracturing is often combined with horizontal drilling to more efficiently recover commercial quantities of oil and gas deposits that exist in deep shale and other formations , such as the Marcellus Shale Formation . Hydraulic fracturing is the process of creating or expanding cracks, or fractures, in formations underground where fluids (usually a mixture of water, sand and small amounts of several chemical additives) are pumped into a well under high pressure. Typically, the process begins after the well has been drilled to its desired depth and horizontal length. Then, after the fluids are injected to fracture the shale, the fracture fluid is generally flowed back out of the well, while the sand remains in order to keep the rock fractures propped open and allow oil or gas to flow more freely to the wellbore. Some flowback water is usually returned to the surface soon after the fracture process and collected in tanks or lined pits, where it is stored until it is transported to a permitted disposal facility or recycled and used to fracture additional wells. Once completed, wells are typically “flared” to burn gas containing elevated levels of water vapor and then capped temporarily while pipelines and other production equipment is put into place.
Hydraulic fracturing has been used since the 1940s and has become customary in the oil and gas industry. The process is used in nearly all oil and natural gas wells drilled in the U.S. today and is often necessary to produce commercial quantities of natural gas and oil from many reservoirs. The success of our exploration and production operations and profitability of our wells may depend on the use of hydraulic fracturing to stimulate or enhance production, including if the wells would not be economical without the use of hydraulic fracturing.
Environmental Regulation Relating to Hydraulic Fracturing . We may elect to utilize hydraulic fracturing techniques to enhance oil and natural gas extraction, which would result in water discharges that must be treated and disposed of in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements. Environmental regulations governing the withdrawal, storage and use of surface water or groundwater necessary for hydraulic fracturing may increase operating costs and cause delays, interruptions or termination of operations, the extent of which cannot be predicted, all of which could have an adverse affect our operations and financial performance. Our ability to remove and dispose of water will affect production, and the cost of water treatment and disposal may affect profitability. The imposition of new environmental initiatives and regulations could also include restrictions on our ability to conduct hydraulic fracturing or disposal of produced water, drilling fluids and other substances associated with the exploration, development and production of gas and oil.
New Legislation and Regulatory Initiatives Relating to Hydraulic Fracturing . Hydraulic fracturing involves the injection of water, sand and small amounts of additives under pressure into rock formations to stimulate hydrocarbon (natural gas and oil) production. We may elect to use hydraulic fracturing to produce commercial quantities of natural gas and oil. The process is typically regulated by state oil and gas commissions. However, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (the “ EPA ”), recently asserted federal regulatory authority over hydraulic fracturing involving diesel additives under the Safe Drinking Water Act’s Underground Injection Control Program. The EPA has also commenced a study of the potential environmental impacts of hydraulic fracturing activities and a committee of the U.S. House of Representatives is also conducting an investigation of hydraulic fracturing practices. Legislation has been introduced before Congress to provide for federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing and to require disclosure of the chemicals used in the fracturing process. In addition, some states have adopted, and other states are considering adopting, regulations that could impose more stringent permitting, disclosure and well construction requirements on hydraulic fracturing operations. If new laws or regulations that significantly restrict hydraulic fracturing are adopted, such laws could make it more difficult or costly for us to perform fracturing to stimulate production from our oil and gas wells. In addition, if hydraulic fracturing becomes regulated at the federal level as a result of federal legislation or regulatory initiatives by the EPA, fracturing activities could become subject to additional permitting requirements and also to attendant permitting delays and potential increases in costs.
We successfully deployed hydraulic fracturing in connection with our Marcellus I JV well and generally expect to utilize hydraulic fracturing on all of the wells we drill in the Marcellus Shale. Because we use hydraulic fracturing, our current and future operations are, and are expected to be, subject to material financial and operational risks associated with hydraulic fracturing, such as underground migration and the surface spillage or mishandling of fracturing fluids, including chemical additives. The risks associated with hydraulic fracturing include the following risks (among others):
If we are unable to dispose of the water we use to facilitate hydraulic fracturing (or any water we remove from any strata) on a cost-effective basis or unable to comply with related environmental regulations, our ability to produce oil and gas commercially could be impaired.
We believe that the use of hydraulic fracturing is necessary to produce commercial quantities of natural gas and oil from many reservoirs, especially shale formations such as the Marcellus Shale. We expect to rely heavily on hydraulic fracturing. The hydraulic fracturing process we utilize in our current and future drilling, extraction and production operations is expected to require significant amounts of water. Hydraulic fracturing can require between three to five million gallons of water per horizontal well. In addition, hydraulic fracturing produces water discharges that must be treated and disposed of in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements. Environmental regulations governing the withdrawal, storage and use of surface water or groundwater necessary for hydraulic fracturing may significantly increase our operating costs and cause delays, interruptions or termination of operations, the extent of which cannot be predicted, all of which could have an adverse affect on our operations and financial performance. Our ability to remove and dispose of water will affect our production, and the cost of water treatment and disposal may affect our profitability. The imposition of new environmental initiatives and regulations could include restrictions on our ability to conduct hydraulic fracturing or disposal of produced water, drilling fluids and other substances associated with the exploration, development and production of gas and oil.
New legislation and regulatory initiatives relating to hydraulic fracturing could result in increased costs and additional operating restrictions or delays.
The hydraulic fracturing process typically involves the injection of water, sand and small amounts of additives under pressure into rock formations to stimulate hydrocarbon (natural gas and oil) production. The process is typically regulated by state oil and gas commissions. Some states have adopted, and other states are considering adopting, regulations that could impose more stringent permitting, disclosure and well construction requirements on hydraulic fracturing operations. For example, Pennsylvania, Colorado, and Wyoming have each adopted a variety of well construction, set back and disclosure regulations limiting how fracturing can be performed and requiring various degrees of chemical disclosure. In addition, although the process is typically regulated by state oil and gas commissions, the EPA recently asserted federal regulatory authority over hydraulic fracturing involving diesel additives under the Safe Drinking Water Act’s Underground Injection Control Program. While the EPA has yet to take any action to enforce or implement this newly asserted regulatory authority, industry groups have filed suit challenging the EPA’s recent decision. The EPA recently also commenced a study of the potential environmental impacts of hydraulic fracturing activities. In addition, a committee of the U.S. House of Representatives is conducting an investigation of hydraulic fracturing practices. And, legislation has been introduced before Congress to provide for federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing and to require disclosure of the chemicals used in the fracturing process.
If new federal or state laws or regulations that significantly restrict hydraulic fracturing are adopted, such laws could make it more difficult or costly for us to perform fracturing to stimulate production from tight formations. In addition, if hydraulic fracturing becomes regulated at the federal level as a result of federal legislation or regulatory initiatives by the EPA, our hydraulic fracturing activities could become subject to additional permitting requirements and also to attendant permitting delays and potential increases in costs. Legislative and regulatory efforts at the federal level and in some states have sought to render permitting and compliance requirements more stringent for hydraulic fracturing. If passed into law, such efforts could have an adverse effect on our operations.
Government Regulation
General. All of our operations are conducted onshore in the United States. The U.S. natural gas and oil industry is regulated at the federal, state and local levels, and some of the laws, rules and regulations that govern our operations carry substantial penalties for noncompliance. These regulatory burdens increase our cost of doing business and, consequently, affect our profitability.
Regulation of Natural Gas and Oil Operations. Our exploration and production operations are subject to various types of regulation at the U.S. federal, state and local levels. Such regulation includes requirements for permits to drill and to conduct other operations and for provision of financial assurances (such as bonds) covering drilling and well operations. Other activities subject to regulation include, but are not limited to:
| · | the method of drilling and completing wells; |
| · | the surface use and restoration of properties upon which wells are drilled; |
| · | the plugging and abandoning of wells; |
| · | the disposal of fluids used or other wastes generated in connection with operations; |
| · | the marketing, transportation and reporting of production; and |
| · | the valuation and payment of royalties. |
Our operations are also subject to various conservation regulations. These include the regulation of the size of drilling and spacing units (regarding the density of wells that may be drilled in a particular area) and the unitization or pooling of natural gas and oil properties. In this regard, some states, including Kentucky, where we hold oil properties, allow the forced pooling or integration of tracts to facilitate exploration, while other states rely on voluntary pooling of lands and leases. In Pennsylvania, where we hold natural gas interest, pooling is generally involuntary, but is currently voluntary with respect to drilling in the Marcellus Shale, where the Company currently conducts operations. As of the date of this Form 10, a law has been recommended by the state’s Marcellus Shale Advisory Commission, which if passed by the legislature will require forced pooling within the Marcellus Shale. In areas where pooling is voluntary, it may be more difficult to form units and therefore, more difficult to fully develop a project if the operator owns less than 100% of the leasehold. In addition, state conservation laws establish maximum rates of production from natural gas and oil wells, generally prohibit the venting or flaring of natural gas and impose certain requirements regarding the ratability of production. The effect of these regulations is to limit the amount of natural gas and oil we can produce and to limit the number of wells and the locations at which we can drill.
There is currently no price regulation of the Company’s sales of natural gas, oil and natural gas liquids, although governmental agencies may elect in the future to regulate certain sales.
Environmental, Health and Safety Regulation. The business operations of the Company and its ownership and operation of natural gas and oil interests are subject to various federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws and regulations pertaining to the release, emission or discharge of materials into the environment, the generation, storage, transportation, handling and disposal of materials (including solid and hazardous wastes), the safety of employees, or otherwise relating to pollution, preservation, remediation or protection of human health and safety, natural resources, wildlife or the environment. We must take into account the cost of complying with environmental regulations in planning, designing, constructing, drilling, operating and abandoning wells and related surface facilities. In most instances, the regulatory frameworks relate to the handling of drilling and production materials, the disposal of drilling and production wastes, and the protection of water and air. In addition, our operations may require us to obtain permits for, among other things,
| · | the construction and operation of underground injection wells to dispose of produced saltwater and other non-hazardous oilfield wastes; and |
| · | the construction and operation of surface pits to contain drilling muds and other non-hazardous fluids associated with drilling operations. |
Federal, state and local laws may require us to remove or remediate previously disposed wastes, including wastes disposed of or released by us or prior owners or operators in accordance with current laws or otherwise, to suspend or cease operations at contaminated areas, or to perform remedial well plugging operations or response actions to reduce the risk of future contamination. Federal laws, including the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act, or CERCLA, and analogous state laws impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault or legality of the original conduct, on classes of persons who are considered responsible for releases of a hazardous substance into the environment. These persons include the owner or operator of the site where the release occurred, and persons that disposed of or arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances at the site. CERCLA and analogous state laws also authorize the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), state environmental agencies and, in some cases, third parties to take action to prevent or respond to threats to human health or the environment and to seek to recover from responsible classes of persons the costs of such actions.
Various state governments and regional organizations comprising state governments are considering enacting new legislation and promulgating new regulations governing or restricting the emission of greenhouse gases from stationary sources such as our equipment and operations. Legislative and regulatory proposals for restricting greenhouse gas emissions or otherwise addressing climate change could require us to incur additional operating costs and could adversely affect demand for the natural gas and oil that we sell. The potential increase in our operating costs could include new or increased costs to obtain permits, operate and maintain our equipment and facilities, install new emission controls on our equipment and facilities, acquire allowances to authorize our greenhouse gas emissions, pay taxes related to our greenhouse gas emissions and administer and manage a greenhouse gas emissions program. Moreover, incentives to conserve energy or use alternative energy sources could reduce demand for natural gas and oil.
Other federal and state laws, in particular the federal Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, regulate hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. Under a longstanding legal framework, certain wastes generated by our natural gas and oil operations are not subject to federal regulations governing hazardous wastes, though they may be regulated under other federal and state laws. These wastes may in the future be designated as hazardous wastes and may thus become subject to more rigorous and costly compliance and disposal requirements.
We have made and will continue to make expenditures to comply with environmental, health and safety regulations and requirements. These are necessary business costs in the natural gas and oil industry. Moreover, it is possible that other developments, such as stricter and more comprehensive environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, as well as claims for damages to property or persons, resulting from company operations, could result in substantial costs and liabilities, including civil and criminal penalties. We believe that we are in material compliance with existing environmental, health and safety regulations.
Safe Drinking Water Act . The federal Safe Drinking Water Act, as amended (“ SDWA ”), and comparable state laws regulate the nation’s public drinking water supply by regulating “public water systems” as well as underground sources of drinking water. Under the SDWA, the EPA sets standards for drinking water quality and oversees the states, localities and water suppliers that implement those standards. The U.S. Senate and House of Representatives are currently considering legislation referred to as the Fracturing Responsibility and Awareness of Chemicals Act (the “ FRAC Act ”) to amend the SDWA to repeal an exemption from regulation for hydraulic fracturing. Although we believe that hydraulic fracturing is an important and commonly used process involving the injection of water, sand and small amounts of chemical additives under pressure into rock formations to stimulate oil or natural gas production, sponsors of these bills have asserted that chemicals used in the fracturing process could adversely affect drinking water supplies. The proposed legislation would require the reporting and public disclosure of chemicals used in the fracturing process, which could result in third parties opposing the hydraulic fracturing process to initiate legal proceedings based on allegations that specific chemicals used in the fracturing process could adversely affect groundwater. In addition, these bills, if adopted, could establish an additional level of regulation at the federal level that could lead to operational delays or increased operating costs and could result in additional regulatory burdens that could make it more difficult to perform hydraulic fracturing and increase our costs of compliance and doing business as well as delay the development of unconventional gas resources from shale formations which are not commercial without the use of hydraulic fracturing.
We have not incurred any costs associated with the above regulations to date; however, there can be no assurance that the costs required to comply with the regulations above will not be substantial. Furthermore, if we are deemed not to be in compliance with applicable environmental laws, we could be forced to expend substantial amounts to be in compliance, which would have a materially adverse effect on our available cash and liquidity, and/or could force us to curtail or abandon our current business operations.
Employees
As of October 31, 2011, we had 16 full-time employees. With the successful implementation of our business plan, management believes we may require additional employees in the future.
Reports to Stockholders
Upon the effectiveness of this Form 10, we will be subject to the information reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and we will file reports with the SEC, including annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K. The public may read and copy any materials the Company files with the SEC in the SEC’s Public Reference Section, Room 1580, 100 F Street N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Section by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Additionally, the SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC, which can be found at http://www.sec.gov.
The Company is a “smaller reporting company” as defined by Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act, and as such, is not required to provide the information required under this Item.
ITEM 2. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Forward-Looking Statements
This registration statement includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements are statements other than historical fact and give our current expectations or forecasts of future events. They may include estimates of natural gas and oil reserves, expected natural gas and oil production and future expenses, assumptions regarding future natural gas and oil prices, planned capital expenditures, and anticipated asset acquisitions and sales, as well as statements concerning anticipated cash flow and liquidity, business strategy and other plans and objectives for future operations.
Although we believe the expectations and forecasts reflected in these and other forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance they will prove to have been correct. They can be affected by inaccurate assumptions or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from expected results include:
| · | the volatility of natural gas and oil prices; |
| · | the limitations our level of cash flow or ability to raise capital may have on our operational and financial flexibility; |
| · | declines in the values of our natural gas and oil properties resulting in ceiling test write-downs; |
| · | the availability of capital on an economic basis to fund reserve replacement costs; |
| · | our ability to replace reserves and sustain production; |
| · | uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities of natural gas and oil reserves and projecting future rates of production and the timing of development expenditures; |
| · | inability to generate profits or achieve targeted results in our drilling and well operations; |
| · | leasehold terms expiring before production can be established; |
| · | drilling and operating risks, including potential environmental liabilities associated with hydraulic fracturing; |
| · | changes in legislation and regulation adversely affecting our industry and our business; |
| · | general economic conditions negatively impacting us and our business counterparties; and |
| · | transportation capacity constraints and interruptions that could adversely affect our cash flow. |
We caution you not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this registration statement, and we undertake no obligation to update this information. We urge you to carefully review and consider the disclosures made in this registration statement and our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission that attempt to advise interested parties of the risks and factors that may affect our business.
Overview
Vadda is a publicly-held, independent energy company engaged primarily in the exploration for, and development of, natural gas and crude oil reserves. We generate our revenues and cash flows from two primary sources: profits from the difference between the amounts we received in turnkey fees from joint ventures we manage and our actual costs to conduct the joint ventures’ operations, and proceeds from the sale of oil and gas productionon properties we hold.
As of October 31, 2011, we owned interests in approximately 82 producing natural gas and oil wells. Our natural gas and oil production for 2010 consisted of 89,410 Mcf of gas and 840 bbls of oil. These amounts represent increases of 257% from our 2009 gas production of 25,022 Mcf and 877% from our 2009 oil production of 86 bbls.
We began 2010 with estimated proved reserves of 1,611,316 Mcfe and ended the year with 1,626,470 Mcfe.
Strategy
We are currently focused on discovering and developing unconventional natural gas plays in the Marcellus Shale and Utica Shale formations in southwestern Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio. Although we expect to continue developing oil reserves in Kentucky and also plan to develop oil reserves in eastern Ohio and southern New York, we plan to focus our long-term growth strategy primarily on building cash flows from natural gas reserves on lease acreage in the Marcellus Shale. We believe this strategy will create greater value for investors.
As part of this strategy, we formed the following joint ventures:
2009 Mieka PA Westmoreland/Marcellus Shale Project I - Marcellus I JV
In June 2010, we formed our first drilling joint venture that consisted of wells targeting the Marcellus Shale formation. The 2009 Mieka PA Westmoreland/Marcellus Shale Project I (“ Marcellus I JV ”) received $2,304,000 in capital contributions from outside investors. We own a 3.94% carried working interest (2.55% net revenue interest) which is carried to the tanks in two wells, one of which was completed in December 2010 and one of which has been drilled and is scheduled to be completed during the late fourth quarter of 2011 or early first quarter of 2012 . The Company purchased $82,500 of the Marcellus I JV in January 2010 on the same terms and conditions as outside investors.
2010 Mieka PA/WestM/Marcellus Project II - Marcellus II JV
The 2010 Mieka PA/WestM/Marcellus Project II (“ Marcellus II JV ”) was formed in January 2011. As of October 31, 2011, the Marcellus II JV had received $4,395,600 in capital contributions from outside investors. The Company owns a 1% carried working interest (0.77% net revenue interest), carried to the tanks, in two wells, one of which will be a horizontal well.
The first well has been drilled and is scheduled to be completed during the late fourth quarter of 2011 or early first quarter of 2012 .
Key Performance Indicators
Our management team has defined and tracks performance against several key production, sales and operational performance indicators, including, without limitation, the following:
| · | average daily natural gas and oil production; |
| · | weighted average sales price received for natural gas and oil; and |
We believe that tracking these performance indicators on a regular basis enables us to better understand whether we are on target to achieve our internal production, sales and other plans and projections and forecast working capital, cash flow and liquidity items and allows us to determine whether we are successfully implementing our strategies.
The following table sets forth information regarding production volumes, average sales prices received and lifting costs for the periods indicated:
Production Volumes, Sales Prices and Lifting Costs
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Production: | | | | | | | | | |
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Lifting cost per equivalent Mcf (3) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) | All natural gas production is located in Pennsylvania. |
(2) | All crude oil production is located in Kentucky. |
(3) | Lifting cost represents lease operating expenses divided by the net volumes of production, and is measured in equivalent Mcf based on an energy content factor of six-to-one (i.e., six Mcf of natural gas to one barrel of oil). Lease operating expenses include normal operating costs such as pumper fees, operator overhead, salt water disposal, repairs and maintenance, chemicals, equipment rentals, production taxes and ad valorem taxes. |
Results of Operations
Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2010 to Year Ended December 31, 2009
Total Revenues. Total revenues increased $754,128 to $1,653,183 for 2010 from $899,055 for 2009, driven primarily by increased turnkey drilling revenues and increased natural gas and oil sales, offset by decreased administrative fee income.
Turnkey Drilling Revenues. Turnkey drilling revenues increased $571,874 to $1,116,374 for 2010 from $544,500 for 2009, primarily due to the Marcellus I JV and the related natural gas well drilled in the Marcellus Shale during 2010, as compared to the five oil wells drilled in Kentucky during 2009.
Natural Gas and Oil Sales. Natural gas and oil sales increased $369,434 to $536,809 for 2010 from $167,375 for 2009, primarily as a result of increased total natural gas and oil production.
Total natural gas and oil production for 2010 consisted of 89,410 Mcf of natural gas and 840 bbls of oil, as compared to total natural gas and oil production for 2009, which consisted of 25,022 Mcf of natural gas and 86 bbls of oil.
Our average sales price received for natural gas increased to $5.06 per Mcf in 2010 from $4.44 per Mcf in 2009. Our average sales price received for oil increased to $75.69 per bbl in 2010 from $58.47 per bbl in 2009.
Changes in natural gas and oil prices can significantly impact our natural gas and oil sales and related cash flows. Natural gas prices have generally decreased over the past two to three years. Although we are hopeful that natural gas prices will begin to increase within the next 12 months, continued lower prices may materially adversely affect the sales prices we receive and our revenues and cash flow. We do not currently participate in any hedging activities. Although we may hedge in the future, we have no immediate plans to do so.
Administrative Fee Income. Administrative fee income decreased to $0 for 2010 from $187,180 for 2009. The administrative fee income for 2009 was attributable to fees paid by the Mieka Joint Ventures to the Company for management services provided in 2009 by the Company to the Mieka Joint Ventures. The fees were eliminated in December 2009 as a result of the Company’s acquisition of the Mieka Joint Ventures.
Costs and Expenses. Total costs and expenses increased $2,069,996 to $3,892,405 for 2010 from $1,822,409 for 2009, due generally to increased overall costs and expenses and particularly to significantly increased turnkey drilling costs. Turnkey drilling costs increased $1,411,142 to $1,537,082 for 2010 from $125,940 for 2009, due primarily to costs associated with the Marcellus I JV, which started in 2010. Lease operating expenses increased $141,707 to $178,110 for 2010 from $36,403 for 2009, due primarily to the Company’s acquisition of the Mieka Joint Ventures in December 2009. General and administrative expenses increased $407,614 to $2,035,390 for 2010 from $1,627,776 for 2009, due primarily to increased salaries and wages attributable to increased personnel, increased accounting and audit fees and travel costs incurred in connection with increased operational activities in the Marcellus Shale. Depletion, depreciation and amortization expense increased to $134,037 for 2010 from $32,290 for 2009, due primarily to depletion expense on properties acquired in December 2009 from the Mieka Joint Ventures.
Net Loss. Net loss was $1,688,596, or $0.01 per diluted common share, for 2010 as compared to $659,438, or $0.04 per diluted common share, for 2009. The increased net loss was attributable primarily to significant increases in turnkey drilling costs, general and administrative expenses and lease operating expenses, offset by the increased turnkey drilling revenues and natural gas and oil sales. Net loss represents a consolidated net loss, $808,115 of which was attributable to Mieka LLC. Mieka LLC is a variable interest entity that is not owned by the Company but which shares common control. Due to Mieka LLC’s ownership and dependence upon the Company and its subsidiaries for its cash flows, its financial information is required to be consolidated with the Company’s financial statements under variable interest entity accounting. See Note 10 to the accompanying Audited Consolidated Financial Statements of the Company as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2011 to Six Months Ended June 30, 2010
Total Revenues. Natural gas and oil sales, which represented 100% of total revenues for both periods, decreased $104,409 to $216,797 for the current period from $321,206 for the prior period, primarily as a result of decreased natural gas prices and decreased total natural gas and oil production.
Costs and Expenses. Total costs and expenses increased $200,171 to $1,144,580 for the current period from $944,409 for the prior period, due primarily to increased general and administrative expenses and, to a lesser extent, depletion, depreciation and amortization expense, offset by decreased lease operating expenses. General and administrative expenses increased $180,568 to $982,302 for the current period from $801,734 for the prior period, due primarily to increased legal and accounting costs related to the preparation of this Form 10.
Net Loss. Net loss was $611,181, or $(0.01) per diluted common share, for the current period as compared to $411,314, or $0.00 per diluted common share, for the prior period. The increased net loss was attributable primarily to decreased natural gas and oil prices and increased general and administrative expenses. Net loss represents a consolidated net loss, $56,876 of which was attributable to the variable interest entity. See the accompanying Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2011.
Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2011 to Three Months Ended June 30, 2010
Total Revenues. Natural gas and oil sales, which represented 100% of total revenues for both quarters, decreased $19,605 to $95,173 for the current quarter from $114,778 for the prior quarter, primarily as a result of decreased natural gas prices and decreased total natural gas and oil production.
Costs and Expenses. Total costs and expenses increased $83,879 to $610,478 for the current quarter from $ 526,599 for the prior quarter, due primarily to increased general and administrative expenses. General and administrative expenses increased $64,969 to $522,626 for the current quarter from $ 457,657 for the prior quarter, due primarily to increased legal and accounting costs related to the preparation of this Form 10.
Net Loss. Net loss was $340,097, or $0.00 per diluted common share, for the current quarter as compared to $265,854, or $0.00 per diluted common share, for the prior quarter. The increased net loss was attributable primarily to decreased natural gas and oil prices and increased general and administrative expenses. Net loss represents a consolidated net loss, $23,786 of which was attributable to the variable interest entity. See the accompanying Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended June 30, 2011.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources and Uses of Funds
Cash flow from operations is a significant source of liquidity. We generate our operating cash flow from two primary sources :
| · | Turnkey oil and gas drilling joint ventures , from which we generally receive turnkey fees (which generate profits to the extent the turnkey price we charge to the joint ventures exceeds the actual costs necessary to acquire leases and drill, test and complete wells for such joint ventures) and carried working interests in such wells ( which generate monthly revenue and cash flow to the extent such wells produce natural gas and oil), as well as interests in such joint ventures purchased by the Company (which also generate monthly revenue and cash flow to the extent such wells produce natural gas and oil); and |
| · | Natural gas and oil sales , which are generally attributable to working interests owned and held directly by us in wells on producing oil and gas properties (which generate monthly revenue and cash flow to the extent such wells produce natural gas and oil) and carried working interests in such wells (which also generate monthly revenue and cash flow to the extent such wells produce natural gas and oil) , as well as overriding royalty interests and reversionary interests (which may generate additional monthly revenue and cash flow to the extent such wells produce natural gas and oil). |
Cash and cash equivalents totaled $1,189,492 as of June 30, 2011, as compared to $1,836,957 as of December 31, 2010, and $758,457 as of December 31, 2009. Cash provided by (used in) operating activities was $(620,531) for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to $150,013 for the comparable period of 2010, and $829,193 for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to $(331,881) for the comparable period of 2009.
Changes in cash flows from operations are largely due to the same factors that affect our net income, excluding various non-cash items such as impairments of assets, depreciation, depletion and amortization and deferred income taxes. For example, changes in turnkey drilling revenues, production volumes and market prices for natural gas and oil directly impact the level of our cash flow from operations. See the discussion herein under “Results of Operations.”
Although our long-term growth strategy calls for an increased focus on our own natural gas and oil operations and we intend to rely less on turnkey drilling revenues in the future, we expect to continue our reliance on these sources of liquidity in the future.
We use cash flows from operations to fund expenditures related to our exploration, development and acquisition of natural gas and oil properties. We use cash provided by our natural gas sales, as well as cash provided by our turnkey drilling revenues. We have historically obtained most of the capital to fund expenditures related to our turnkey drilling ventures from the sale of interests in such joint ventures to outside participants. Since 2001, we have raised approximately $34.9 million from outside investors in 29 joint ventures that drilled 214 oil and gas wells.
However, our ability to raise capital from outside investors through joint ventures is dependent upon the ability of the investors to deduct intangible drilling costs on their federal income tax returns. If the tax code changed to eliminate or significantly limit this deduction, it could materially adversely affect our ability to fund our turnkey drilling operations and our turnkey drilling revenues.
In addition to cash flows from operations, we have historically obtained capital through sales of common stock of the Company and may seek to generate additional capital through the issuance of debt or equity securities of the Company in the future, including sales of convertible preferred stock, senior notes, contingent convertible senior notes and common stock of the Company.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $28,642 for the six months ended June 30, 2011, compared to $260,604 for the comparable period of 2010, and $260,604 for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to $758,869 for the comparable period of 2009. These financing activities reflect net proceeds from sales of our common stock in 2009 and 2010. Between May 2009 and February 2010, we sold 2,311,301 shares of our common stock in a private placement for net cash proceeds of $1,019,273.
Although we typically retain a significant degree of control over the timing of our capital expenditures, we may not always be able to defer or accelerate certain capital expenditures to address any potential liquidity issues. In addition, changes in drilling and field operating costs, drilling results that alter planned development schedules, acquisitions or other factors could cause us to revise our drilling program, which is largely discretionary.
As of December 31, 2010, we had a working capital deficit of $1,491,472, which consisted of $2,746,000 of current assets offset by $4,237,472 of current liabilities. Current assets as of December 31, 2010 included cash of $1,836,957, deferred income tax of $813,365 and accounts receivable of $95,678. Current liabilities as of December 31, 2010 included deferred revenue of $3,923,974, accounts payable and accrued liabilities of $294,319 and income taxes payable of $19,179.
As of June 30, 2011, we had a working capital deficit of $2,379,558. Current assets as of June 30, 2011 included cash of $1,189,492, deferred income tax of $813,365 and accounts receivable of $53,506. Current liabilities as of June 30, 2011 included deferred revenue of $3,579,018 and accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the amount of $856,903.
Outlook
We believe that our future growth is dependent on our ability to:
| · | generate turnkey drilling revenues and profits; |
| · | obtain carried interests in wells drilled by new joint ventures; |
| · | directly participate in wells drilled in the Marcellus Shale, Utica Shale and oil sands in New York, Pennsylvania and eastern Ohio; and |
| · | raise additional capital through debt or equity offerings. |
We may not be able to raise additional capital or generate turnkey drilling revenues or profits in amounts sufficient to fund such growth. If we are unable to achieve a sufficient level of cash inflows and/or cannot secure equity financing on satisfactory terms, we may be unable to expand our operations. Additional equity financings are likely to be dilutive to holders of our common stock and debt financings, if available, may involve significant payment obligations and covenants that restrict how we operate our business.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Certain accounting policies involve judgments and uncertainties to such an extent that there is reasonable likelihood that materially different amounts could have been reported under different conditions, or if different assumptions had been used. We evaluate such estimates and assumptions on a regular basis. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions used in preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Below, we have provided expanded discussion of the more significant accounting policies, estimates and judgments. We believe these accounting policies reflect the more significant estimates and assumptions used in preparation of our consolidated financial statements. Please read the notes to our audited consolidated financial statements included in this registration statement for a discussion of additional accounting policies and estimates made by management.
Oil and Gas Producing Activities
Our oil and gas producing activities were accounted for using the successful efforts method of accounting. Costs to acquire leasehold rights in oil and gas properties, to drill and equip exploratory wells that find proved reserves, and to drill and equip development wells are capitalized. Costs to drill exploratory wells that do not find proved reserves, delay rentals and geological and geophysical costs are expensed.
We earn carried working interests in wells drilled by joint ventures that we manage. Upon the successful completion of a well, such joint ventures are assigned leasehold rights on acreage that comprises the legal spacing for such well. The joint ventures pay 100% of the drilling and completion costs. The Company also intends to have ownership in wells drilled in the Marcellus Shale on leases in which the joint ventures do not participate.
Depletion and Depreciation
Estimates of natural gas and oil reserves utilized in the calculation of depletion are prepared using certain assumptions. Reserve estimates are based upon existing economic and operating conditions with no provision for price and cost escalations except by contractual arrangements. Natural gas and oil reserve estimates are inherently imprecise and are subject to change as more current information becomes available. Capitalized costs are depleted and amortized using the units of production method, based upon reserve estimates.
Impairments
The carrying value of oil and gas properties is assessed for possible impairment on at least an annual basis, or as circumstances warrant, based on geological analysis or changes in proved reserve estimates. When impairment occurs, an adjustment is recorded as a reduction of the asset carrying value.
Asset Retirement Obligations
A provision has been recorded for the estimated liability for the plugging and abandonment of natural gas and oil wells at the end of their productive lives. The liability and the associated increase in the related asset are recorded in the period in which the asset retirement obligation, or ARO, is incurred. The liability is accreted to its present value each period and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset.
The estimated liability is calculated using the estimated remaining lives of the wells based on reserve estimates and federal and state regulatory requirements. The liability is discounted using an assumed credit-adjusted risk-free rate. At the time of abandonment, we recognize a gain or loss on abandonment to the extent that actual costs do not equal the estimated costs.
Goodwill
At June 30, 2011, December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company had $2,740,171 of goodwill related to the acquisition of certain oil and gas joint ventures on December 1, 2009, as more fully described in Note 2 to the Company’s financial statements.
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired. The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 350 Goodwill and Intangible Asset Impairment Testing. Our analysis consists of two steps. Step 1 tests the company for impairment by comparing the fair value of equity to the book value of equity. If the fair value is less than the book value, then Step 2 analysis must be performed. If the fair value of goodwill is less than its carrying amount, impairment is recorded based on the difference. The Company annually assesses the carrying value of goodwill for impairment. No impairment loss was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
The SEC adopted revisions to its required oil and gas reporting disclosures. The revisions are intended to provide investors with a more meaningful and comprehensive understanding of oil and gas reserves. The amendments are designed to modernize and update the oil and gas disclosure requirements to align them with current practices and changes in technology. The revised disclosure requirements must be incorporated in this Form 10 and in annual reports on Form 10-K for fiscal years ending on or after December 31, 2009. The following amendments have the greatest likelihood of affecting our reserve disclosures:
Pricing mechanism for oil and gas reserves estimation—The SEC’s prior rules required proved reserve estimates to be calculated using prices as of the end of the period and held constant over the life of the reserves. The revised rules require reserve estimates to be calculated using a 12-month average price. Price changes can still be incorporated to the extent defined by contractual arrangements. The use of a 12-month average price rather than a single-day price is expected to reduce the impact on reserve estimates.
The revised rules also amend the definition of proved oil and gas reserves to include reserves located beyond development spacing areas that are immediately adjacent to developed spacing areas if economic recoverability can be established with reasonable certainty. These revisions are designed to permit the use of alternative technologies to establish proved reserves in lieu of requiring companies to use specific tests. In addition, they establish a uniform standard of reasonable certainty that applies to all proved reserves, regardless of location or distance from producing wells. Because the revised rules generally expand the definition of proved reserves, proved reserve estimates could increase in the future based upon adoption of the revised rules.
Unproved reserves—The SEC’s prior rules prohibited disclosure of reserve estimates other than proved in documents filed with the SEC. The revised rules permit disclosure of probable and possible reserves and provide definitions of probable reserves and possible reserves. Disclosure of probable and possible reserves is optional. We are not including any disclosures pertaining to probable or possible reserves.
In January 2010, the FASB issued an Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2010-03, Extractive Industries-Oil and Gas (Topic 932): Oil and Gas Reserve Estimation and Disclosure. This ASU amends the FASB accounting standards to align the reserve calculation and disclosure requirements with the requirements in the new SEC Rule, Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting Requirements. The ASU is effective for reporting periods ending on or after December 31, 2009.
ITEM 3. PROPERTIES
Principal Office
We maintain our principal offices at 1660 Stemmons Freeway, Suite 440, Lewisville, Texas 75067. Our telephone number at that office is 214-222-6500. Our current office space consists of approximately 5,229 square feet and our lease is on a month-to-month basis. The monthly rental totals $8,715. We believe this property is generally in good condition and suitable to carry on our business. We also believe that, if required, suitable alternative or additional space will be available to us on commercially reasonable terms.
Oil and Gas Producing Activities
In January 2009, the SEC adopted new rules related to modernizing reserve calculation and disclosure requirements for oil and gas companies, which became effective prospectively for annual reporting periods ending on or after December 31, 2009. In addition to expanding the definition and disclosure requirements for crude oil and natural gas reserves, the new rule changes the requirements for determining quantities of crude oil and natural gas reserves. The new rule requires disclosure of crude oil and natural gas proved reserves by significant geographic area, using the un-weighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month commodity prices over the preceding 12-month period, rather than end-of-period pricing, and allows the use of reliable technologies to estimate proved crude oil and natural gas reserves, if those technologies have been demonstrated to result in reliable conclusions about reserves volumes. Reserve and related information for 2010 is presented consistent with the requirements of the new rule.
Presented below are the estimates of the Company’s proved oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31, 2010 based upon a report prepared by Valuescope, Inc. (“Valuescope”). All of the Company’s proved reserves are located in the United Sates.
Disclosure of Reserves
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Summary of Oil and Gas Reserves as of Fiscal-Year End Based on Average Fiscal-Year Prices | |
| | Oil (mmbl) | | | Natural Gas (mmcf) | | | Total (mmcfe)(1) | |
Remaining Net Reserves | | | | | | | | | |
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(1) Total mmcf equivalent – oil (bbl) converted to gas (mcf) at 1 bbl to 6 mcf rate.
As specified by the SEC regulations, when calculating economic producibility, the base product price must be the 12-month average price, calculated as the un-weighted arithmetic average of the first-day-of-the-month price for each month within the prior 12-month period. The benchmark base prices used for this evaluation were $79.43 per barrel of oil for West Texas Intermediate oil at Cushing, Oklahoma, and $4.38 per Million British thermal units (MMBtu) for natural gas at Henry Hub, Louisiana. The oil and gas prices were adjusted on each well based on deductions such as quality, energy content, and basis differential, as appropriate. Prices for oil and natural gas were held constant throughout the remaining life of the properties.
Reserve engineering is inherently a subjective process of estimating underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be measured exactly. The accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. Accordingly, reserve estimates may vary from the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered. Future prices received for production may vary, perhaps significantly, from the prices assumed for the purposes of estimating the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows. The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows should not be construed as the market value of the reserves at the dates shown. The 10% discount factor required to be used under the provisions of applicable accounting standards may not be the most appropriate discount factor based on interest rates in effect from time to time and risks associated with the Company or the oil and natural gas industry. The standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows is materially affected by assumptions about the timing of future production, which may prove to be inaccurate.
Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of natural gas, crude oil, condensate and natural gas liquids that geological and engineering data demonstrate with reasonable certainty to be recoverable in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions. Reserve estimates are considered proved if economic productivity is supported by either actual production or conclusive formation tests. Estimated proved developed oil and gas reserves can be expected to be recovered through existing wells with existing equipment and operating methods.
The process of estimating quantities of natural gas and crude oil reserves is complex, requiring significant judgments in evaluating available geological, geophysical, engineering and economic data. The Company has limited management and staff and is dependent upon outside consulting petroleum engineers who we annually engage to prepare estimates of our proved reserves associated with the majority of our producing properties. For the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, reserve estimates were prepared by Valuescope, an independent financial evaluation firm with experience in oil and gas reserve valuation and analysis. Valuescope provided their report to the Company’s senior management team (Daro and Anita Blankenship, Nicola Blankenship, and William J. Amdall) which is responsible for oversight of our reserve information.
As of December 31, 2010, the Company had total estimated proved reserves of 1,576,910 Mcf of natural gas and 8,260 barrels of crude oil. Combined, these total estimated proved reserves are equivalent to 1,626,470 Mcf of natural gas.
Qualifications of Technical Persons and Internal Controls Over the Reserves Estimation Process
We represent to Valuescope that we have provided all relevant operating data and documents, and in turn, we review the reserve reports provided by Valuescope to ensure completeness and accuracy. Management cautions that estimates of proved reserves may be imprecise and subject to revision based on production history, changes in royalty interests, price changes and other factors. The preparation of the Company’s natural gas and oil reserve estimates were completed in accordance with ASC “Extractive Activities Oil and Gas (Topic 932) – Oil and Gas Reserve Estimation and Disclosure”, which includes the verification of input data delivered to its third party reserve specialist, as well as a multi-functional management review.
Nicola Blankenship, the Company’s Vice President of Operations, is directly responsible for overseeing the preparation of the Company’s reserve estimates and providing the historical and other information regarding our properties to Valuescope. Such information includes ownership interest, natural gas and crude oil production, well test data, commodity prices and lease operating expenses. Mr. Blankenship’s job responsibilities during the last eight years have included daily monitoring of the Company’s producing wells, approval of expense billings and review of daily drilling reports.
The reserve estimates reported herein were prepared by Greg Scheig, Principal and Energy Practice Leader of Valuescope. Mr. Scheig has more than 20 years of experience in valuation of oil and gas reserves and is a member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers. He holds a Bachelors of Science in Petroleum Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. The process performed by Mr. Scheig and Valuescope to prepare reserve amounts including its estimation of reserve quantities, future producing rates, future net revenue and the present value of such future net revenue, is based in part on data provided by the Company. The estimates of reserves were determined by accepted industry methods. Methods utilized by Valuescope in preparing the estimates include extrapolation of historical production trends and analogy to similar producing properties. Valuescope believes the assumptions, data, methods and procedures utilized in preparing the estimates were appropriate for the purpose served by their report, and that it utilized all methods and procedures it considered necessary to prepare this report.
The Company’s internal control over the preparation of reserve estimates is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of the Company’s reserve estimates in accordance with SEC regulations. The preparation of reserve estimates are created by Valuescope, and overseen by the Company’s management team, including Daro Blankenship, Anita Blankenship and William Amdall.
Proved Undeveloped Reserves
At the end of 2010, the Company’s oil and gas reserves did not include any proved undeveloped properties.
Oil and Gas Production, Production Prices and Production Costs
The following table summarizes the annual sales volumes, average sales prices and lifting costs per equivalent unit for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Equivalent barrels of oil were obtained by converting gas to oil on the basis of their relative energy content — six thousand cubic feet of gas equals one barrel of oil. During 2010, 2009, and 2008 the average selling price for natural gas was $5.06, $4.44 and $9.11 per Mcf, respectively, and the average selling price for oil was $75.69, $58.47, and $99.65 per barrel, respectively.
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Production: | | | | | | | | | |
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Lifting cost per equivalent Mcf(3) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) | All natural gas production is located in Pennsylvania. |
(2) | All crude oil production is located in Kentucky. |
(3) | Lifting cost represents lease operating expenses divided by the net volumes of production, and is measured in equivalent Mcf based on an energy content factor of 6 to 1 (i.e., one barrel of oil equals 6 Mcf of natural gas). Lease operating expenses include normal operating costs such as pumper fees, operator overhead, salt water disposal, repairs and maintenance, chemicals, equipment rentals, production taxes and ad valorem taxes. |
Drilling and Other Exploratory and Development Activities
The Company is the managing venturer of natural gas and crude oil drilling joint ventures and earns carried working interests in wells drilled on behalf of such joint ventures. In 2010, the Company drilled one natural gas well, which was productive. During 2009, the Company drilled 14 oil wells, of which one was productive, one was capable of production awaiting completion, and 12 were dry holes. During 2008, the Company drilled nine oil wells, of which two were productive and seven were dry holes.
Present Activities
As of October 31, 2011, the Company owned interests in four wells (1.01 net wells) that have been drilled and are awaiting completion in the Marcellus Shale formation in Pennsylvania.
Delivery Commitments
The Company is not currently committed to providing a fixed and determinable quantity of oil or gas under any existing contract.
Oil and Gas Properties, Wells, Operations and Acreage
Our natural gas and crude oil properties consist essentially of working interests owned by us in various natural gas and oil wells on leases located in Kentucky and Pennsylvania. Below is a brief synopsis of each of our core areas of operation:
Pennsylvania (Natural Gas)
As of December 31, 2010, we owned working interests ranging from 50% to 100% in 65 gross (32.5 net) producing or capable of producing natural gas wells and net revenue interests in such wells ranging from 40% to 81.25% (or approximately 26 net wells), located in Centre, Clearfield, and Westmoreland Counties of Pennsylvania.
Kentucky (Crude Oil)
As of December 31, 2010, we owned working interests ranging from 87% to 100% in 14 gross (12.2 to 14.0 net) producing or capable of producing oil wells and net revenue interests in such wells ranging from 25% to 87.5% (or approximately 3.5 to 12.3 net wells), located in Warren County, Kentucky. Ranges of gross and net wells are based on net working interest and revenue interest held in such wells.
Developed and Undeveloped Acreage
As of December 31, 2010, we had 4,686 gross acres (2,343 net acres) of proved developed leasehold acreage located in Pennsylvania and 600 gross acres (594 net acres) located in Kentucky. As of December 31, 2010, our undeveloped acreage consisted of 480 gross and net acres located in Pennsylvania.
ITEM 4. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth certain information regarding beneficial ownership of our common stock as of October 31, 2011, by:
| · | each of our named executive officers; |
| · | each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock; and |
| · | all of our executive officers and directors as a group. |
The table gives effect to the shares of common stock that could be issued to the named stockholder or group upon the exercise of outstanding options, warrants, convertible securities and other rights held by the stockholder or group within 60 days of October 31, 2011. Unless otherwise noted in the footnotes to the table and subject to community property laws where applicable, the following persons have sole voting and investment control with respect to the shares beneficially owned by them. The address of each person known to us to beneficially own more than 5% of any class of our voting stock is set forth in the table. The address of each executive officer and director is c/o Vadda Energy Corporation, 1660 S. Stemmons Freeway, Suite 440, Lewisville, Texas 75067.
| | | | |
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner | | Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership | | Percent of Class(1) |
Directors and Named Executive Officers: | | | | |
Daro Blankenship | | 83,017,708 | (2) | 79.6% |
Anita G. Blankenship | | 83,017,708 | (3) | 79.6% |
Verne Rainey | | 1,450,000 | | 1.4% |
William J. Amdall | | 0 | | 0.0% |
Robert Myers | | 0 | | 0.0% |
Directors and executive officers as a group (4 people): | | 84,467,708 | | 81.0% |
Moarmoff Trust 1660 Stemmons Freeway Lewisville, Texas 75067 | | 76,750,000 | | 73.6% |
(1) | Based upon 104,235,236 shares of common stock outstanding as of August 15, 2011. |
(2) | Includes (i) 2,650,000 shares of common stock held of record by his wife, Anita Blankenship, (ii) 76,750,000 shares of common stock held of record by Moarmoff Trust, of which his wife, Anita Blankenship is sole trustee, and (iii) 967,708 shares held of record by Two Ships LLC, a company owned by Daro and Anita Blankenship. |
(3) | Includes (i) 2,650,000 shares of common stock held of record by her husband, Daro Blankenship, (ii) 76,750,000 shares of common stock held of record by Moarmoff Trust, of which Mrs. Blankenship is the sole trustee, and (iii) 967,708 shares held of record by Two Ships LLC, a company owned by Daro and Anita Blankenship. |
ITEM 5. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Election of Directors and Officers
Our Board of Directors currently has two members, Anita Blankenship and Verne Rainey. All directors hold office until their successors are duly elected by a plurality vote at the annual meeting of the stockholders, and shall hold office until the earlier of: his or her successor is elected and qualified; his or her resignation; his or her removal by the stockholders (by majority vote of the shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote); or his or her death. Any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors may be filled by the vote of a majority of the directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or at a special meeting of stockholders called for that purpose. A director elected to fill a vacancy is elected for the unexpired term of his or her predecessor in office or until the earlier of: his or her successor is elected and qualified; his or her resignation; his or her removal from office by the stockholders; or his or her death.
Officers are elected by the Board of Directors at our annual meeting and hold office until the next annual meeting of the Board of Directors, or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified.
Set forth below is a biographical description of each officer and director of the Company.
Daro Blankenship. Mr. Blankenship was named our President and Chief Executive Officer in April 2009. He is also the Founder and Managing Director of Mieka, where he has worked since 2001. From 1995 to May 2001, he was the President and controlling stockholder of Realtec Real Estate Corporation in Dallas, Texas. Mr. Blankenship was formerly the Vice President of Operations for SonWest Resources, Inc., an independent oil company in Dallas, Texas concentrating on the operation of producing properties. Mr. Blankenship is a director of The Mieka Foundation, a 501(c)(3) charitable organization that provides financial support to abused children, the elderly, families in need and animal protection causes. Mr. Blankenship attended Vincennes University in Indiana and is married to Anita Blankenship, our Chairwoman of the Board of Directors and Executive Vice President, and is also the father of Nicola Blankenship, our Vice President of Operations/Public Relations.
Anita G. Blankenship. Ms. Blankenship has served as our Chairwoman as well as Executive Vice President and Assistant Secretary since July 2005. From July 2003 until April 2009, she also acted as our President and Chief Executive Officer. She is also the President of Mieka and the Chief Executive Officer and principal owner of Realtec Mortgage Corporation, a now inactive business. Until 1997, Ms. Blankenship was the president of SonWest Resources, Inc., an independent oil company in Dallas. Ms. Blankenship is the founder and a director of the Mieka Foundation, a 501(c)(3) charitable organization that provides financial support to abused children, the elderly, families in need and animal protection causes. Ms. Blankenship attended Wright State University and is married to Daro Blankenship, our President and Chief Executive Officer and is also the mother of Nicola Blankenship, the Company’s Vice President of Operations/Public Relations. Ms. Blankenship has voting and investment control over the shares held by Moarmoff Trust, our majority stockholder.
William J. Amdall. Mr. Amdall has served as our Chief Financial Officer since April 2009. He began his career with Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co. (now KPMG) in June 1977, where he became licensed as a certified public accountant. From 1980 to 1991, he served as the Chief Financial Officer of three publicly traded oil and gas companies where he gained experience in financial reporting and SEC regulations, mergers and acquisitions, public and private financings, and stockholder/investor relations. From 1992 to 2004, Mr. Amdall’s principal occupation was financial consulting as a sole proprietor, primarily doing contract CFO work. In 2005, he co-founded North American Royalty Corp, an oil and gas royalty company, and served as its Vice President and Chief Financial Officer until 2009. While employed at North American Royalty Corp. Mr. Amdall was responsible for the monthly accounting duties and the preparation and filing of a registration statement with the SEC. Mr. Amdall received a BBA in Accounting from The University of North Texas in 1977.
Verne Rainey. Mr. Rainey has served as a director since July 2003 and has also served as a director of both Mieka and Mieka Foundation, a 501(c)(3), charitable organization, since their inception. Mr. Rainey has been retired for the past five years. Mr. Rainey served as a professional pilot for American Airlines from 1965 to 1997 and was also a United States Air Force Captain. He holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering with a minor in Mathematics from Grove City College in Grove City, Pennsylvania.
Robert Myers. Mr. Myers has served as our Vice President of Project Development since April 2009. He has been the Vice President of Project Development of Mieka since 2005, where he is responsible for strategic planning of projects. Mr. Myers has been in the oil and gas industry since 1972. He was the Executive Vice President of the Federal Energy Corporation from 1974 to 1981. In 1981 he founded Janus International, Inc., an independent oil company and Janus Securities Corporation. As Chief Executive Officer of Janus International, Mr. Myers was responsible for day-to-day operations, including drilling and completion operations in Kansas and Texas. He was President and Chief Executive Officer of Myers Operations, an independent oil company from 1984 to 1999, where he oversaw all drilling and leasing operations. In addition, Mr. Myers was a member of a coalition of independent oil and gas operators that convened with the Chairman of the United States Senate’s Ways and Means Committee to discuss national energy policies. Mr. Myers graduated from University of Wyoming with a B.S. in Mathematics in 1969.
Philip Kwong. Mr. Kwong has served as our Vice President of Accounting since July 2011. From August 2008 to July 2011, he served as an instructor and technical advisor at Rockwall Christian Academy. From June 2008 to September 2008, Mr. Kwong was a Senior Accountant for SkyWi Telecommunication Corp. Mr. Kwong was a Senior Accountant/Financial Analyst for Accretive Solutions, a national consulting firm, from February 2006 to May 2008, where his duties included forensic accounting for six royalty companies, Sarbanes-Oxley compliance and preparation of business outlook and quarterly forecasts for Idearc Media and Ericcson. Mr. Kwong received a Bachelor of Science in Accounting and Finance in 1982 from the University of San Carlos in the Philippines and an MBA in Accounting in 2010 from the University of Phoenix.
Nicola D. Blankenship. Mr. Blankenship has served as our Vice President of Operations/Public Relations since April 2009. He has been employed by Mieka since 2003 and has served as its Vice President of Public Relations since June 2004. Mr. Blankenship was Vice President of Operations for Realtec Mortgage from 2000 to 2002, where he initiated and performed corporate oversight of operations and management of mortgage offices throughout the United States. Mr. Blankenship is a director of The Mieka Foundation, a 501(c)(3) charitable organization that provides financial support to abused children, the elderly, families in need and animal protection causes. He graduated from Texas Bible Institute and attended Brookhaven College. Mr. Blankenship is the son of Anita and Daro Blankenship.
Stephen Romo. Mr. Romo has served as our Vice President of Marketing since May 2009. He has been Venture Representative of Mieka since 2004, where he is responsible for facilitating funding of drilling projects. He was the Vice President of Marketing and Broker for Caldwell Banker Romo Realtors from 1992 until 2003. Mr. Romo attended Richland Junior College for two years before attending the University of North Texas.
Involvement in Certain Legal Proceedings
In April 2011, the Securities Commissioner of Colorado entered a cease and desist order directing Mieka, Daro Blankenship and Stephen Romo to refrain from committing or causing any violations of Sections 301, 401 or 501 of the Colorado Securities Act, or otherwise engaging in conduct in violation of the Colorado Securities Act (the “Colorado Order”). The Colorado Order alleged that Mieka, Mr. Blankenship and Mr. Romo violated the Colorado Securities Act by offering securities without an exemption from registration and violated provisions of the Colorado Securities Act relating to the registration and employment of securities brokers/dealers or sales representatives. Mieka and Messrs. Blankenship and Romo have appealed this order and the appeal is pending.
In May 2005, the Indiana Securities Commissioner entered an order (the “Indiana Order”) directing Mieka and Daro Blankenship to cease and desist from violations of Sections 23-2-1-3, 23-2-1-8(a)&(b), and 23-2-1-12 of the Indiana Securities Act. The Indiana Order, which was brought against, among others, Mieka, a joint venture for which Mieka served as managing venturer, and Daro Blankenship, alleged Mieka and Mr. Blankenship (i) offered securities in Indiana without an exemption from registration, (ii) violated provisions of the Indiana Securities Act relating to the registration and employment of securities broker/dealers and/or agents, and (iii) made misrepresentations and/or omissions of material facts in connection with the offer of a security. The Indiana Order was entered without notice to Mieka or Mr. Blankenship and without providing Mieka or Mr. Blankenship an opportunity to respond or present its position on any issue. Except as described in this paragraph, during the past ten years, none of the Company’s other officers or directors were involved in any legal proceedings that are material to an evaluation of the ability or integrity of such directors and officers.
ITEM 6. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
Executive Compensation
The summary compensation table below sets forth information concerning the compensation of our named executive officers for the Company's last completed fiscal year, including all compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to each such named executive officer for each of the Company's last two completed fiscal years for all services rendered to the Company by such person in all capacities during each such year. The Company does not have arrangements with its employees to pay any non-cash compensation.
Summary Compensation Table
Name and Principal Position | Fiscal Year | Salary ($) | Bonus ($) | Total ($) |
| | | | |
| | | | |
President and Chief Executive Officer | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
Chairwoman, Vice President and Assistant Secretary | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | |
Vice President – Product Development | | | | |
| | | | |
Stephen Romo | 2010 | 114,400 | 23,208 | 137,608 |
Vice President – Marketing | 2009 | 23,500 | 20,400 | 43,900 |
Narrative Disclosure to Summary Compensation Table
The Company paid salaries to each of Daro Blankenship and Anita Blankenship, of $104,000 and $130,000, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2010. In addition, the Company paid bonuses to Mr. and Mrs. Blankenship, of $80,022 and $35,003, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2010. Robert Myers was paid salary of $165,453 and a $12,387 bonus during the year ended December 31, 2010. All compensation and bonuses were paid in cash pursuant to standard company payroll practices. None of the named executive officers are a party to an employment agreement and all serve at the discretion of our Board of Directors.
Compensation of Directors
The Company has two directors, Anita Blankenship and Verne Rainey. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2010, neither Mrs. Blankenship nor Mr. Rainey received any cash or equity compensation for their services as directors of the Company.
ITEM 7. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
Related Party Transactions
On November 30 and December 1, 2009, the Company completed the mergers of 18 natural gas and crude oil joint ventures that were managed by Mieka with and into the Company. Prior to completion of the mergers, the 18 joint ventures incurred administrative overhead fees to Mieka. As of December 31, 2008, the joint ventures were obligated to pay Mieka $790,790. As a result of the mergers of the joint ventures and the acquisition of Mieka, the aforementioned obligation was cancelled.
Mieka received an aggregate of 967,708 shares of Vadda common stock in connection with the joint venture mergers. In November 2009, Mieka issued 1,000 shares of its newly authorized Series A preferred stock to Two Ships, LLC (“Two Ships”), an entity owned by Daro and Anita Blankenship for services previously rendered. In December 2009, Mieka distributed its 967,708 shares of Vadda common stock valued at $16,891 to Two Ships as a dividend on the Series A preferred stock. Upon the completion of the merger between Mieka and Vadda on December 30, 2009, the Series A preferred stock was mandatorily redeemed for $1,000.
During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, Daro and Anita Blankenship, who together have voting control of the Company’s common stock, received aggregate compensation from the Company of $349,025, $434,508 and $651,225, respectively.
Pursuant to an arrangement between the Company and Mieka LLC, an entity wholly-owned by the principal stockholders of the Company, Mieka LLC provides drilling and completion services on wells owned by the Company. Prices charged to the Company by Mieka LLC under turnkey drilling arrangements do not reflect prevailing rates that would be charged by outside third parties in arms-length transactions. During the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company incurred drilling costs associated with turnkey drilling contracts with Mieka LLC of $812,500, $200,000 and $1,033,002, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 the Company was obligated to pay $207,564, $49,126 and $0 to Mieka LLC.
In June 2009, the FASB amended its guidance on accounting for variable interest entities. The new accounting guidance resulted in a change in the Company’s accounting policy effective January 1, 2010. Among other things, the new guidance requires more qualitative than quantitative analyses to determine the primary beneficiaries of variable interest entities, requires continuous assessments of whether reporting entities are the primary beneficiaries of variable interest entities, and amends certain guidance for determining whether entities are variable interest entities. Under the new guidance, variable interest entities must be consolidated if reporting entities have both the power to direct the activities of the variable interest entities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the variable interest entities and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the variable interest entities that could potentially be significant to the variable interest entities. This new accounting guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2010, and was applied prospectively.
Management performs an analysis of the Company’s variable interests to determine if those type interests are held in other entities. The analysis primarily is based on a qualitative review, but also includes quantitative considerations in evaluating the variable interests. Qualitative analyses are performed based on an evaluation of the design by the entity, its organizational structure, to include decision-making ability, and financial arrangements. When used to supplement qualitative analyses, quantitative analyses are based on forecasted cash flows of the entity.
GAAP requires reporting entities to consolidate variable interest entities when they have variable interests that provide a controlling financial interest in variable interest entities. Entities that consolidate variable interest entities are referred to as primary beneficiaries.
Mieka, LLC (VIE), an entity under common control of the Company, was evaluated as a variable interest entity of the Company. The VIE’s only source of revenue was noted as being from the drilling of oil and gas wells contracted with the Company through certain turnkey contracts executed by the Company. The relationship was evaluated to determine if the arrangement gave the Company a variable interest in a variable interest entity, and to determine whether the Company was the primary beneficiary that would result in consolidating the VIE. The Company is considered to be the primary beneficiary as a result of the obligation to absorb losses that could be significant to the VIE. Additionally, since future revenue for the VIE is reliant upon the Company entering into future turnkey contracts or drilling programs, the Company directs activities that most significantly impact economic performance of the VIE. The Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE for 2010 and 2009 and the VIE has been included in the consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Director Independence
The Company’s securities are not currently listed on a national securities exchange or interdealer quotation system which would require that the Board of Directors include a majority of directors that are “independent.” The Company believes Verne Rainey is the only member of its Board of Directors that would qualify as an “independent” director as such term is defined in the Nasdaq Global Market listing standards.
ITEM 8. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Mieka and Daro Blankenship are currently appealing a cease and desist order entered against them by Fred J. Joseph, the Colorado Securities Commissioner, and the Colorado Division of Securities. The appeal, which was filed in the Colorado Court of Appeals on May 23, 2011, was initiated by Mieka Corporation, Daro Blankenship and Stephen Romo (the “Appellants”) from a Final Cease and Desist Order of the Colorado Securities Commissioner, entered in In the Matter of Mieka Corporation, Daro Blankenship and Stephen Romo, Case No. XY-11-CD-11 (the “Order”). In the Order being appealed, the Colorado Securities Commissioner found that (i) joint venture interests in a joint venture sponsored by Mieka were “investment contracts” and therefore “securities” within the meaning of the Colorado Securities Act, (ii) the offer of such interests in Colorado required registration under Colorado Revised Statute section 11-51-301 or an exemption to that registration requirement, and (iii) the Appellants violated provisions of the Colorado Securities Act relating to the employment of securities broker/dealers or sales representatives. The Appellants are currently appealing the Order on the basis that the Commissioner’s findings were not supported by substantial evidence, the Order was overbroad and exceeded the Commissioner’s authority under the Colorado Securities Act, and the Appellants did not receive proper notice of the proceeding and were deprived of their right to a fair hearing.
ITEM 9. MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
Market Information
Though our common stock was previously quoted on the Pink OTC Markets under the symbol “VDDA.PK,” there is currently no established public trading market for our common stock and there can be no assurance that one will develop in the future.
As of October 31, 2011, there were no outstanding options or warrants to purchase, or securities convertible into, shares of our common stock and no shares of our common stock could be sold pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act. As of the date hereof, we have not agreed to register any of our common stock under the Securities Act for sale by stockholders, are not publicly offering any of our common stock and are not proposing to publicly offer any of our common stock.
Stockholders
As of October 31, 2011, there were 1,108 holders of record of our common stock. Some of the shares of our common stock are held in either nominee name or street name brokerage accounts. The actual number of beneficial owners of such shares is not included in the foregoing number of holders of record.
Dividends
We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future. Payment of dividends on the common stock is within the discretion of our Board of Directors. The Board currently intends to retain future earnings, if any, to finance our business operations and fund the development and growth of our business. The declaration of dividends in the future will depend upon our earnings, capital requirements, financial condition, and other factors deemed relevant by the Board of Directors.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
The Company does not have any compensation plans under which equity securities are authorized for issuance.
ITEM 10. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
In September 2009, the Company issued 500,000 shares of common stock to Verne Rainey, a director of the Company, in exchange for 500,000 shares of Mieka common stock owned by Mr. Rainey. In December 2009, Mr. Rainey was issued 200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock upon exercise of a stock option award at a price of $.001 per share, for consideration of $200.
On December 1, 2009, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated November 6, 2009 (the “Merger Agreement”), the Company issued an aggregate of 15,988,935 shares of our common stock, par value $0.001, to 293 joint venturers who held interests in 18 oil and gas joint ventures collectively valued at approximately $4,797,000, as consideration for such interests in connection with merger of such joint ventures with and into the Company.
On December 30, 2009, under the terms of the Merger Agreement, in consideration for an 81% equity interest in Meika Corporation valued at approximately $23,460,000, the Company issued 69,000,000 shares of common stock to Moarmoff Trust, an entity for which Anita Blankenship, our Executive Vice President and Chairperson of our Board of Directors, serves as the sole trustee.
Between May 2009 and February 2010, the Company issued an aggregate of 989,200 shares of common stock in a private placement to a total of 67 investors at an offering price of $1.25 per share for aggregate cash consideration of $1,236,500. The Company issued shares during this period as follows:
| · | During the second quarter of 2009, the Company issued 329,200 shares of common stock to 25 investors for total cash consideration of $411,500; |
| · | During the third quarter of 2009, the Company issued 232,000 shares of common stock to 21 investors for total cash consideration of $290,000; |
| · | During the fourth quarter of 2009, the Company issued 208,000 shares of common stock to 11 investors for total cash consideration of $260,000; and |
| · | During the first quarter of 2010, the Company issued 220,000 shares of common stock to 10 investors for total cash consideration of $275,000. |
On December 31, 2009, the Company issued an aggregate of 1,028,065 shares of common stock to 57 existing stockholders pursuant to anti-dilution rights previously granted to such stockholders. During the first quarter of 2010, the Company issued an aggregate of 294,036 shares of common stock to 10 existing stockholders pursuant to anti-dilution rights previously granted to such stockholders.
The common stock was privately offered and sold in each of the transactions described above in reliance upon exemptions from registration pursuant to Section 4(2) under the Securities Act. The Company reasonably believed that each of the purchasers of such securities had access to information concerning its operations and financial condition, was acquiring the securities for its own account and not with a view to the distribution thereof and was an “accredited investor” as such term is defined in Rule 501(a) of Regulation D promulgated under the Securities Act. Furthermore, no “general solicitation of investors” was made by the Company with respect to sale of any of the securities. At the time of their issuance, the securities described above were deemed to be restricted securities for purposes of the Securities Act and the documentation representing the securities bear legends and/or non-transfer provisions to that effect.
ITEM 11. DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED
The Company’s authorized capital stock consists of 160,000,000 shares, of which 150,000,000 are common stock with a par value of $0.001 per share, and of which 10,000,000 are preferred stock with a par value of $0.001 per share. As of the date of this filing, there are 104,235,236 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, and no preferred stock is issued and outstanding.
Common Stock
The holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters voted on by the stockholders, including the election of directors. Except as otherwise required by law, the holders of common stock exclusively possess all voting power. Acts of the stockholders require the approval of holders of a simple majority of the issued and outstanding voting shares of common stock. The holders of common stock are entitled to such dividends as may be declared from time to time by the Board of Directors from funds available for distribution to such holders. No holder of common stock has any preemptive right to subscribe to any kind or class of our securities or any cumulative voting rights.
Preferred Stock
The Company is authorized to issue 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock. The Board of Directors of the Company has the authority to designate one or more series of preferred stock with such voting powers, rights, preferences and privileges as the Board of Directors shall determine. No series of preferred stock is currently issued or outstanding.
ITEM 12. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS
Section 607.0850 of the Florida Statutes generally permits the Company to indemnify its directors, officers, employees or other agents who are subject to any third-party actions because of their service to the Company if such persons acted in good faith and in a manner they reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company. If the proceeding is a criminal one, such person must also have had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. In addition, the Company may indemnify its directors, officers, employees or other agents who are subject to derivative actions against expenses and amounts paid in settlement which do not exceed, in the judgment of the Board of Directors, the estimated expense of litigating the proceeding to conclusion, including any appeal thereof, actually and reasonably incurred in connection with the defense or settlement of such proceeding, if such person acted in good faith and in a manner such person reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company. To the extent that a director, officer, employee or other agent is successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of a third-party or derivative action, such person will be indemnified against expenses actually and reasonably incurred in connection therewith. This section of the Florida Statutes also permits the Company to further indemnify such persons by other means unless a judgment or other final adjudication establishes that such person’s actions or omissions which were material to the cause of action constitute (1) a crime (unless such person had reasonable cause to believe his conduct was lawful or had no reasonable cause to believe it unlawful), (2) a transaction from which he derived an improper personal benefit, (3) an action in violation of Florida Statutes Section 607.0834 (relating to unlawful distributions to stockholders), or (4) willful misconduct or a conscious disregard for the best interests of the Company in a proceeding by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor or in a proceeding by or in the right of a stockholder.
Furthermore, Florida Statutes Section 607.0831 provides, in general, that no director shall be personally liable for monetary damages to a corporation or any other person for any statement, vote, decision, or failure to act, regarding corporate management or policy, unless (a) the director breached or failed to perform his duties as a director, and (b) the director’s breach of, or failure to perform, those duties constitutes (i) a violation of criminal law, unless the director had reasonable cause to believe his conduct was lawful or had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful, (ii) a transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit, either directly or indirectly, (iii) a circumstance under which the liability provisions of Florida Statutes Section 607.0834 are applicable, (iv) in a proceeding by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in its favor or by or in the right of a stockholder, conscious disregard for the best interest of the corporation, or willful misconduct, or (v) in a proceeding by or in the right of someone other than the corporation or a stockholder, recklessness or an act or omission which was committed in bad faith or with malicious purpose or in a manner exhibiting wanton and willful disregard of human rights, safety, or property. The term “recklessness,” as used above, means the action, or omission to act, in conscious disregard of a risk (a) known, or so obvious that it should have been known, to the director, and (b) known to the director, or so obvious that it should have been known, to be so great as to make it highly probable that harm would follow from such action or omission.
The Company’s bylaws provide generally that the Company shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, indemnify all of its directors and officers, directors, officers, as well as any employees or agents of the Company or other persons serving at the request of the Company in any capacity with any entity or enterprise other than the Company to whom the Company has agreed to grant indemnification (each, an “Indemnified Person”) to the extent that any such person is made a party or threatened to be made a party or called as a witness or is otherwise involved in any action, suit, or proceeding in connection with his status as an Indemnified Person. Such indemnification covers all expenses incurred by any Indemnified Person (including attorneys’ fees) and all liabilities and losses (including judgments, fines and amounts to be paid in settlement) incurred thereby in connection with any such action, suit or proceeding.
The Company has the power, in its bylaws or by resolution of its stockholders or directors, to indemnify its officers and directors against personal liability and to procure, at its own expense, policies of insurance to protect its officers and directors. As of the date of this registration statement, the Company has no officers and directors liability insurance in effect.
ITEM 13. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
All financial statements required by this Item are listed in Item 15 of this Form 10, are presented beginning on Page F-1, and are incorporated herein by this reference.
ITEM 14. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 15. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS
(a) | The following financial statements are filed as part of this Registration Statement: |
Vadda Energy Corporation
1. | Consolidated Balance Sheets of the Registrant and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. |
2. | Consolidated Statements of Operations of the Registrant and Subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009. |
3. | Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity of the Registrant and Subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009. |
4. | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows of the Registrant and Subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009. |
5. | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Registrant and Subsidiaries. |
6. | Consolidated Balance Sheets of the Registrant and Subsidiaries as of June 30, 2011 (unaudited) and December 31, 2010. |
7. | Consolidated Statements of Operations of the Registrant and Subsidiaries for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010. |
8. | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows of the Registrant and Subsidiaries for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010. |
9. | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of the Registrant and Subsidiaries for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010. |
Mieka Joint Ventures
1. | Combined Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2009 (unaudited) and December 31, 2008 and 2007. |
2. | Combined Statements of Operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 (unaudited) and years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. |
3. | Combined Statements of Partners’ Capital for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 (unaudited) and years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. |
4. | Combined Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 (unaudited) and years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. |
5. | Notes to Combined Financial Statements. |
(b) | See “Index to Exhibits” on page 27 for exhibits filed with this Registration Statement. |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| VADDA ENERGY CORPORATION | |
| | | |
November 14 , 2011 | By: | /s/ Daro Blankenship | |
| | Daro Blankenship | |
| | President and Chief Executive Officer | |
| | | |
Index to Exhibits
The following exhibits are filed with this Registration Statement on Form 10 or are incorporated by reference as described below.
Exhibit | Description 1 |
2.1 | Agreement and Plan of Merger dated November 6, 2009 |
| Articles of Amendment and Restatement to the Articles of Incorporation of Vadda Energy Corporation dated October 15, 2009 |
| |
| Specimen Common Stock Certificate |
| Partial Assignment of Oil and Gas Leases dated February 24, 2009 between Mid-East Oil Company and Mieka Corporation |
| Joint Venture Agreement 2009 Mieka PA Westmoreland/Marcellus Shale Project I, effective October 5, 2009 |
| Joint Venture Agreement 2010 Mieka PA/West M/Marcellus Project II, effective July 16, 2010 |
| Participation and Operating Agreement dated December 15, 2010 between Mieka, LLC and Mieka Corporation |
| Participation and Operating Agreement dated December 28, 2009 between Mieka, LLC and Mieka Corporation |
| First Amendment to Partial Assignment of Oil and Gas Leases dated February 24, 2009 between Mieka Corporation and Mid East Oil Company |
| Consent of Valuescope, Inc. |
| Reserves and Economics Report - Vadda Energy Corporation as of December 31, 2010 |
1 All exhibits were previously filed.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and
Shareholders of Vadda Energy Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ Weaver and Tidwell, L.L.P.
WEAVER AND TIDWELL, L.L.P.
Dallas, Texas
July 1, 2011
Vadda Energy Corporation And Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
As of December 31, 2010 and 2009
| | | | | |
| | December 31, | | | December 31, |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 |
Assets: | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 1,836,957 | | | $ | 758,457 | |
Accounts receivable - net | | | 95,678 | | | | 199,419 | |
Deferred federal income tax - current | | | 813,365 | | | | 387,801 | |
Total current assets | | | 2,746,000 | | | | 1,345,677 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Property and equipment: | | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas properties, using successful efforts method of accounting: | | | | | | |
Proved properties | | | 2,130,500 | | | | 2,130,500 | |
Other property and equipment | | | 248,342 | | | | 237,046 | |
Less: Accumulated depletion and depreciation | | | (356,488 | ) | | | (222,451 | ) |
Property and equipment, net | | | 2,022,354 | | | | 2,145,095 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | 2,740,171 | | | | 2,740,171 | |
Prepayment to operator | | | 1,832,500 | | | | 1,832,500 | |
Other assets | | | 120,573 | | | | 35,500 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Assets | | $ | 9,461,598 | | | $ | 8,098,943 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Liabilities & Equity: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | $ | 294,319 | | | $ | 669,426 | |
Income tax payable | | | 19,179 | | | | 72,199 | |
Deferred revenue | | | 3,923,974 | | | | 642,000 | |
Total current liabilities | | | 4,237,472 | | | | 1,383,625 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Asset retirement obligation liability | | | 160,162 | | | | 152,376 | |
Deferred federal income taxes - long-term | | | 1,007,262 | | | | 1,078,248 | |
Total long-term liabilities | | | 1,167,424 | | | | 1,230,624 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, $.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 | | | - | | | | - | |
Common stock, $.001 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 104,235,236 and 103,721,200 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 | | | 104,235 | | | | 103,721 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 6,948,359 | | | | 6,688,269 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (2,224,116 | ) | | | (1,343,635 | ) |
Total Vadda stockholders' equity | | | 4,828,478 | | | | 5,448,355 | |
Equity (deficit) attributable to noncontrolling interest | | | (771,776 | ) | | | 36,339 | |
Total Equity | | | 4,056,702 | | | | 5,484,694 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Liabilities and Equity | | $ | 9,461,598 | | | $ | 8,098,943 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
Vadda Energy Corporation And Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
For the Years Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | | | | | |
Turnkey drilling revenues | | | | | | | | |
Natural gas and oil sales | | | | | | | | |
Administrative fee income | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
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General and administrative | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Depletion and depreciation | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | |
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Income tax (benefit) expense | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net loss attributable to Vadda common stockholders | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Loss per share attributable to Vadda common stockholders: | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Basic and diluted loss per common share | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - basic and fully diluted | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity
For the Years Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009
| | Common Stock | | | Additional Paid-in | | | Retained Earnings (Accumulated | | | Total Vadda Stockholders' | | | Equity (deficit) attributable to Non-controlling | | | | |
| | Shares | | | Amount | | | Capital | | | Deficit) | | | Equity | | | Interests | | | Total | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance December 31, 2008 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Issuance of shares to director | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Merger with oil and gas joint ventures | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sale of common stock for cash | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Issuance of shares in Vadda Mieka merger | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Balance at December 31, 2009 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sale of common stock for cash | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Balance at December 31, 2010 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
For the Years Ended December 31, 2010 and 2009
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Additions to property and equipment | | | | | | | | |
Cash acquired - acquistion of 18 joint ventures | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Offering costs of private placement | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash balance, beginning of year | | | | | | | | |
Cash balance, end of year | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Noncash financing and investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Assets acquired for common stock in merger | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas properties claim | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Asset retirement obligation | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Common stock issued in merger | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Vadda Energy Corporation (“Vadda”) was originally incorporated in Florida in 1997. The foregoing consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Vadda, its wholly-owned subsidiary, Mieka Corporation (“Mieka”) and Mieka LLC, a variable interest entity (“VIE”) which collectively are referred to as the “Company”. We are an independent developer and producer of natural gas and oil, with operations in Pennsylvania and Kentucky.
On December 30, 2009, Vadda completed a merger with Mieka, whereby Vadda increased its ownership in Mieka from 19% to 100%. All fees and expenses related to the merger and the consolidation of the combined companies were expensed as required under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 805 “Business Combinations”. Mieka’s shareholders received 69,000,000 newly-issued shares of the Company’s common stock in connection with the merger.
Before and after the merger, Vadda and Mieka were under common control, by virtue of the fact Moarmoff Trust was the majority shareholder of both Mieka and Vadda. Accordingly, in accordance with ASC 805 Business Combinations for transactions between entities under common control, the merger has been accounted for using a method similar to the pooling-of interest method, with no adjustment to the historical basis of the assets and liabilities of Mieka and Vadda. The statements of operations were consolidated as though the merger occurred as of the beginning of the first accounting period presented in these consolidated financial statements.
Mieka LLC qualifies as a VIE based on the common ownership that exists in Vadda, Mieka and Mieka LLC and based on Mieka being the primary beneficiary for the VIE as more fully described in Note 10.
As of December 1, 2009, the Company completed the acquisition of 18 natural gas and crude oil joint ventures (collectively the “Joint Ventures”) accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805 Business Combinations. See Note 3 for a complete description of the acquisition.
NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
General
The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and are expressed in U.S dollars. Our year end is December 31. The Company’s consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiary and VIE after elimination of significant intercompany balances and transactions.
Natural Gas and Oil Properties
The Company follows the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and gas producing activities. Under the successful efforts method of accounting, costs that relate directly to the discovery of oil and gas reserves are capitalized. These capitalized costs include:
| · | The costs of acquiring leases and mineral interests in properties, |
| · | Costs to drill and equip exploratory wells that find proved reserves, |
| · | Costs to drill and equip development wells, and |
| · | Costs for support equipment and facilities used in oil and gas producing activities. |
These costs are depreciated, depleted and amortized on the units of production method, based on estimates of recoverable proved developed oil and gas reserves.
The Company held no non-depletable natural gas and crude oil properties as of December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Capitalized costs are evaluated for impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 360, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an assets carrying amount may not be recoverable. To determine if a depletable unit is impaired, the Company compares the carrying value of the depletable to the undiscounted future net cash flows by applying management’s estimates of future oil and gas prices to the estimated future production of oil and gas reserves over the economic life of the property and deducting future costs. Future net cash flows are based upon reservoir engineers’ estimates of proved reserves.
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
For a property determined to be impaired, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the carrying value and the estimated fair value of the impaired property is recognized. Fair value, on a depletable unit basis, is estimated to be the present value of the aforementioned expected future net cash flows. Proved properties are assessed periodically to determine whether they have been impaired. An impairment allowance is provided on an unproved property when the Company determines that the property will not be developed. Each part of this calculation is subject to a large degree of judgment, including the determination of the depletable units’ estimated reserves, future net cash flows and fair value. No impairment of proved property was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Other Property and Equipment
Other property and equipment are stated at cost or, upon acquisition of a business, at the fair value of the assets acquired. Depreciation and amortization expense is based on cost less the estimated salvage value using straight-line method over the assets estimated useful life. Maintenance and repairs are expense as incurred. Major renewals and improvements that extend the useful lives of property are capitalized. The following table presents other property and equipment by major categories as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 and the estimated useful lives.
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Natural gas and crude oil properties | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net natural gas and crude oil properties | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Other property and equipment | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Office furniture and equipment | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total other property and equipment | | | | | | | | |
| | Years | |
| | | |
| | | | |
Office furniture and equipment | | | | |
| | | | |
The Company recorded depletion, depreciation and amortization on its assets of $134,037 and $32,290 for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Prepayment to Operator
In connection with its acquisition of the Joint Ventures, the Company acquired a prepayment of $1,832,500 that was paid to an operator under turnkey contracts for wells that have not been delivered. The Company assesses the carrying value of the prepayment to the operator for collectability on an annual basis or sooner if it is probable that the amount will not be collected.
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Turnkey Drilling Revenue Recognition
The Company is the managing venturer of various oil and gas drilling joint ventures. In this role the Company enters into turnkey drilling agreements with operators whereby a profit is earned by arranging the drilling and completion of prospect wells funded by the individual joint ventures. In accordance with FASB ASC 605, “Revenue Recognition,” revenue is deferred until wells are completed as producing wells or determined to be nonproductive. The associated drilling costs of wells are deferred until revenue is recognized. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company had $3,923,974 and $642,000, respectively, in deferred turnkey drilling revenue.
No drilling costs are incurred by the Company for its carried working interests retained in wells drilled by managed joint ventures.
Natural Gas and Oil Sales
Natural gas and crude oil revenue is recognized as income as production is extracted and sold. Production taxes are included in lease operating expenses.
Administrative Fee Income
The Company serves as the managing venturer of various natural gas and crude oil drilling joint ventures. In this role the Company earns a monthly management fee for administrative duties performed. The monthly fees have historically been based on the number of wells owned by the ventures and the extent of operational duties required. As of December 1, 2009, all of the existing joint ventures were acquired by the Company and such monthly management fees were discontinued.
In June 2010, the Company formed its first drilling joint venture that consisted of wells targeting the Marcellus Shale formation. The 2009 Mieka PA Westmoreland/Marcellus Shale Project I (“Marcellus I JV”) successfully drilled its first well in late 2010. The Company will earn monthly management fees commencing in 2011 on new joint venture wells drilled and completed in the Marcellus Shale. The Company did not earn any administrative fee income in 2010 and had $187,180 for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net revenue and expenses in the reporting period. The Company’s consolidated financial statements are based on a number of significant estimates, including depletion, depreciation, accretion and measurement of asset retirement obligations. We regularly evaluate our estimates and assumptions related to the useful life and recoverability of long-lived assets. We base our estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by us may differ materially and adversely from our estimates. To the extent there are material differences between our estimates and the actual results, our future results of operations will be affected.
Financial Instruments
The carrying value for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximates fair value based on the timing of the anticipated cash flows and current market conditions.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less when acquired, to be cash equivalents. We had no cash equivalents at December 31, 2010 or 2009. The Company’s bank accounts periodically exceed federally insured limits. The Company maintains its deposits with high quality financial institutions and, accordingly, believes its credit risk exposure associated with cash is minimal.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company routinely assesses the recoverability of all material receivables to determine their collectability. All of the Company’s receivables are from the operators of properties in which the Company owns an interest. Generally, the Company’s crude oil and natural gas receivables are collected within three months. The Company accrues a reserve on a receivable when, based on the judgment of management, it is probable that a receivable will not be collected and the amount of any reserve may be reasonably estimated. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company had no amount recorded as an allowance for doubtful accounts.
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
The FASB established the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Codification”) as the source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities in the preparation of financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. The codification has changed the manner in which U.S. GAAP guidance is referenced, but did not have an impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In January 2010, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2010-03, “Extractive Activities Oil and Gas (Topic 932) - Oil and Gas Reserve Estimation and Disclosures” (“Update 2010-03”). Update 2010-03 includes amendments to ASC Topic 932 “Extractive Activities – Oil and Gas”, to include within the ASC the reporting requirements covered in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s (“SEC”) final rule, “Modernization of Oil and Gas Reporting” issued on December 31, 2008. The Company adopted the requirements of Update 2010-03 on December 31, 2009. These new disclosure requirements include provisions that:
| · | Report oil and gas reserves using an unweighted average price using the prior 12-month period, based on the closing prices on the first day of each month, rather than year-end pricing. This should maximize the comparability of reserve estimates among companies and mitigate the distortion of the estimates that arises when using a single pricing date. |
| · | Disclosures are required with regard to internal controls over reserve estimation, as well as a report addressing the independence and qualifications of a company’s reserves preparer or auditor based on Society of Petroleum Engineers criteria. The Company has complied with the disclosure requirements for the years 2010 and 2009. |
Goodwill
At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company had $2,740,171 of goodwill related to the acquisition of certain oil and gas joint ventures on December 1, 2009, as more fully described in Note 3. For tax purposes, the Company has not recorded any goodwill.
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired. The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 350 “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” for evaluating goodwill for impairment on an annual basis. Our analysis consists of two steps. Step 1 tests the Company for impairment by comparing the fair value of equity to the book value of equity. If the fair value is less than the book value, then Step 2 analysis must be performed. Step 2 of the analysis is essentially a purchase price allocation where the fair value of the reporting unit or company is the purchase price. Following the hypothetical purchase price allocation, the concluded fair value of goodwill is compared to the book value of the goodwill. If the fair value of goodwill is less than its carrying amount, impairment is recorded based on the difference. The Company annually assesses the carrying value of goodwill for impairment. No impairment loss was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Asset Retirement Obligation
Obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets are recognized at their fair value at the time that the obligations are incurred. Upon initial recognition of a liability, that cost is capitalized as part of the related long-lived asset (natural gas and crude oil properties) and amortized on a units-of-production basis over the life of the related reserves. Accretion expense in connection with the discounted liability is recognized over the remaining life of the related liability.
Contingencies, Risks and Uncertainties
The Company’s policy regarding loss contingencies arising for claims, assessments, litigation, environmental and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are adjusted as additional information becomes available or circumstances change.
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Loss Per Share
Earnings or loss per share is based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. The Company had no anti-dilutive stock or stock equivalents outstanding as of December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are provided for the tax effects of transactions reported in the consolidated financial statements and consist of taxes currently due (See Note 5), if any, plus net deferred taxes related primarily to differences between the basis of assets and liabilities for financial and income tax reporting. Deferred tax assets and liabilities represent the future tax return consequences of those differences.
NOTE 3 – ACQUISTION OF JOINT VENTURE ASSETS
As of December 1, 2009, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated November 6, 2009, the Company completed the acquisition of the Joint Ventures. Prior to the acquisition date the Joint Ventures were owned principally by unaffiliated investors and therefore the transaction was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805 Business Combinations. In connection with this acquisition, the Company issued an aggregate of 15,988,935 shares of common stock to the owners of the Joint Ventures, of which 967,709 were issued to Mieka. The purchase price was determined by taking a $.30 per share purchase fair value, as estimated by an independent third party appraiser, times the number of shares issued in the exchange, to equal an approximate purchase price of $4,797,000.
The Company considered certain qualitative factors related to the recognition of goodwill recorded in the acquisition. Prior to the mergers each joint venture processed separate monthly revenue checks and joint interest billings from outside operators. Several identifiable synergies were created as a result of the mergers, such as overall simplification and reduced time needed for monthly processing of revenues and expenses.
The following table is a summary of the consideration paid in the Joint Ventures merger and the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date:
Cash | | $ | 56,793 | |
Accounts receivable | | | 160,687 | |
Oil and gas properties | | | 2,130,500 | |
Prepayment to operator | | | 1,832,500 | |
Liabilities assumed | | | (2,123,651 | ) |
Goodwill | | | 2,740,171 | |
Consideration issued | | $ | 4,797,000 | |
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
The following Joint Ventures’ combined balance sheets, combined statements of operations and combined statements of cash flows include the accounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:
Joint Ventures | | | | | | | | |
Combined Balance Sheets | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 |
| | | | | | | | |
ASSETS: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 53,744 | | | $ | 92,025 | | | $ | 158,426 | |
Accounts receivable - net | | | 159,066 | | | | 235,068 | | | | 267,875 | |
Total current assests | | | 212,810 | | | | 327,093 | | | | 426,301 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas properties, using the successful | | | | | | | | | | |
efforts method of accounting | | | 5,857,875 | | | | 6,424,116 | | | | 6,657,803 | |
Less accumulated depletion, depreciation | | | (3,526,911 | ) | | | (3,407,015 | ) | | | (3,174,655 | ) |
Property and equipment, net | | | 2,330,966 | | | | 3,017,101 | | | | 3,483,148 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Prepayment to operator | | | 1,832,500 | | | | 1,832,500 | | | | 1,832,500 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Assets | | $ | 4,376,276 | | | $ | 5,176,694 | | | $ | 5,741,949 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES & PARTNERS' CAPITAL: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 54,939 | | | $ | 78,017 | | | $ | 104,271 | |
Related party payable | | | 784,659 | | | | 790,790 | | | | 645,848 | |
Total current liabilities | | | 839,598 | | | | 868,807 | | | | 750,119 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Asset retirement obligation | | | 152,376 | | | | 144,968 | | | | 133,639 | |
Total liabilities | | | 991,974 | | | | 1,013,775 | | | | 883,758 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Partners' capital | | | 3,384,302 | | | | 4,162,919 | | | | 4,858,191 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total Liabilities & Partners' Capital | | $ | 4,376,276 | | | $ | 5,176,694 | | | $ | 5,741,949 | |
Joint Ventures | | | | | | | | | |
Combined Statements of Operations | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
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| | | | | | | | | |
Natural gas and oil sales | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
General and adminstrative | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depletion, depreciation and amortization | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Joint Ventures | | | | | | | | | |
Combined Statements of Cash Flows | | | | | | | | | |
| | September 30, 2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation, depletion and accretion | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Additions to property and equipment | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital contribution by venturers | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) by financing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash balance, beginning of year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash balance, end of year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Supplemental Pro Forma Results (Unaudited)
The following pro forma financial information represents the combined results for the Company including the joint venture acquisition as if the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2008:
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Loss before tax benefit (expense) | | | | | | | | |
Income tax benefit (expense) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
NOTE 4– STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
In September 2009, the Company acquired 500,000 shares of Mieka common stock from a member of the Company’s Board of Directors in exchange for 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result of the acquisition of the 500,000 shares of
Mieka, Vadda increased its ownership from 14.3% to 19.0% of Mieka. In September 2009, the aforementioned member of the Company’s Board of Directors was issued 200,000 shares of common stock of the Company upon exercise of a stock option award at an exercise price of $.001 per share, for consideration of $200.
In February 2010, the Company completed the sale of 2,311,301 shares in a private offering for aggregate proceeds of $1,236,500. Proceeds from the offering were used 1) to pay legal fees, accounting and other expenses associated with the offering, 2) to update and audit the Company’s financial statements, 3) to complete acquisition of oil and gas assets owned by certain joint ventures managed by Mieka, 4) to complete the merger with Mieka, and 5) for working capital and general corporate purposes. In connection with the private offering, the Company incurred $217,227 in offering costs, which have been recorded as a reduction of additional paid-in capital.
NOTE 5 – INCOME TAXES
The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method prescribed under ASC Topic 740-10 Income Taxes. Under such method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and net operating loss and credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of any tax rate change on deferred taxes is recognized in the period that the tax rate changes. Realization of deferred tax assets are assessed and, if not more likely than not, a valuation allowance is recorded to write down the deferred tax assets to their net realizable value. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009 the Company determined that no valuation allowance was necessary.
The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting a more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount recognized in the consolidated financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority. The Company had applied this methodology to all tax positions for which the statutes of limitation remains open, and there were no additions, reductions, or settlements in unrecognized tax benefits during the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. The Company has no material uncertain tax positions at December 31, 2010 and 2009.
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
While the Company is filing consolidated financial statements for Vadda and Mieka for the twelve months ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, income tax returns have been filed separately with Vadda reporting on a December 31st year end for tax purposes, and Mieka reporting on a June 30th year end.
The following table presents the components of the Company’s provision (benefit) for income taxes:
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Provision (benefit) for income taxes: | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Income tax provision (benefit) | | | | | | | | |
A reconciliation between the statutory federal income tax rate and the Company’s effective income tax rate is as follows:
| | Years Ended December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
The components of the Company’s net deferred tax asset and liability are as follows at the dates indicated:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Deferred tax asset accounts: | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total deferred tax asset accounts | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Deferred tax liability accounts: | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Natural gas and crude oil properties | | | | | | | | |
Total deferred tax liability accounts | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net deferred tax asset (liability) | | | | | | | | |
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are classified as current or long-term consistent with the classification of the related temporary difference and are recorded in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets as follows:
| | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | | | | | |
Current deferred tax asset | | | | | | | | |
Non-current deferred tax liability (asset) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
The Company had no net operating losses as of December 31, 2010.
The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. Federal jurisdiction and various states. Tax regulations within each jurisdiction are subject to the interpretations of the related tax laws and regulations and require significant judgment to apply. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by tax authorities for the years before 2006. The Company’s policy is to reflect interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as part of the income tax expense, when and if they become applicable.
NOTE 6 - ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 410-20, the Company recognizes a liability for future asset retirement obligations which is based on the estimated cost of plugging and abandonment of its oil and gas wells and related facilities. This liability is offset by the associated asset retirement costs which are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the related proved oil and gas assets. As of December 31, 2010, the Company’s estimated asset retirement obligations fair value was $160,162. The related capitalized asset retirement costs are included in proved oil and gas properties.
The estimated liability is based on historical experience in plugging and abandoning wells, estimated remaining lives of those wells based on reserve estimates, external estimates as to the cost to plug and abandon the wells in the future and federal and state regulatory requirements. The liability is discounted using an assumed credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate. Revisions to the liability could occur due to changes in estimates of plugging and abandonment costs or remaining lives of the wells, or if federal or state regulators enact new plugging and abandonment requirements.
Estimates of future asset retirement obligations include significant management judgment and are based on projected future retirement costs. Judgments are based upon such things as field life and estimated costs. Such costs could differ significantly when they are incurred.
A reconciliation of the Company’s liability for well plugging and abandonment costs for the periods indicated is as follows:
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Asset retirement obligation, beginning of year | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Asset retirement obligation, end of year | | | | | | | | |
The above asset retirement obligation liabilities were included in long-term liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet, in future periods that accretion expense will be included in depreciation, depletion, and accretion in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 7 – FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Company has established a hierarchy to measure its financial instruments at fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820-10, which requires it to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). FASB ASC Topic 820-10 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC Topic 820-10 are described below:
| · | Level 1 – Valuation based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that an entity has the ability to access. |
| · | Level 2 – Valuation based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. |
| · | Level 3 – Valuations based on inputs that are supportable by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the asset or liability. |
Liabilities Measured at Fair Value
The asset retirement obligation was measured using (Level 3) unobservable inputs, which reflect the Company’s own assumptions about the factors market participants would use in the pricing of the liability and are consequently not based on market activity but rather valuation techniques. As of December 31, 2010 the fair value of the asset retirement obligation (See Note 6) was $160,162.
NOTE 8 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In November 2009, Vadda issued 1,000 shares of its newly authorized Series A preferred stock to Two Ships, LLC (“Two Ships”), an entity owned by Daro and Anita Blankenship, for services previously rendered. Upon the completion of the merger between Mieka and Vadda (See Note 4), the Series A preferred stock was mandatorily redeemed for $1,000 and retired.
In September 2009, the Company acquired 500,000 shares of Mieka common stock from a member of the Company’s Board of Directors in exchange for 500,000 shares of the Company’s common stock. As a result of the acquisition of the 500,000 shares of Mieka, Vadda increased its ownership from 14.3 % to 19.0 % of Mieka. In September 2009, the aforementioned member of the Company’s Board of Directors was issued 200,000 shares of common stock of the Company upon exercise of a stock option award at an exercise price of $.001 per share, for consideration of $200. The company recognized compensation expense of $59,800 associated with the exercise.
During the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, Daro and Anita Blankenship, principal shareholders of the Company, received aggregate compensation from the Company of $349,025 and $434,508, respectively.
NOTE 9 - LEASES
The Company leases office space under the terms of a lease that expires on June 30, 2011, at which time it converts to a month to month basis. The monthly lease payment obligation is $8,715. Operating lease rental expenses attributable to the Company’s office lease for each of the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 were $104,580 and $104,580. As of December 31, 2010 the Company’s future minimum rental payment obligation was $52,290, all of which is obligated to be paid during 2011.
NOTE 10 – VARIABLE INTERESTS ENTITIES (VIE)
In June 2009, the FASB amended its guidance on accounting for variable interest entities. The new accounting guidance resulted in a change in the Company’s accounting policy effective January 1, 2010. Among other things, the new guidance requires more qualitative than quantitative analyses to determine the primary beneficiaries of variable interest entities, requires continuous assessments of whether reporting entities are the primary beneficiaries of variable interest entities, and amends certain guidance for determining whether entities are variable interest entities. Under the new guidance, variable interest entities must be consolidated if reporting entities have both the power to direct the activities of the variable interest entities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the variable interest entities and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the variable interest entities that could potentially be significant to the variable interest entities. This new accounting guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2010, and was applied prospectively.
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Management performs an analysis of the Company’s variable interests to determine if those type interests are held in other entities. The analysis primarily is based on a qualitative review, but also includes quantitative considerations in evaluating the variable interests. Qualitative analyses are performed based on an evaluation of the design by the entity, its organizational structure, to include decision-making ability, and financial arrangements. When used to supplement qualitative analyses, quantitative analyses are based on forecasted cash flows of the entity.
GAAP requires reporting entities to consolidate variable interest entities when they have variable interests that provide a controlling financial interest in variable interest entities. Entities that consolidate variable interest entities are referred to as primary beneficiaries.
Mieka LLC (VIE), an entity under common control of the Company, was evaluated as a variable interest entity of the Company. The VIE is owned by the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chairwoman and Executive Vice President of the Company. These two officers are also the beneficial owners of approximately 80% of the Company’s capital stock. The VIE’s only source of revenue is from the drilling of oil and gas wells contracted with the Company through certain turnkey contracts entered into by the Company. The relationship was evaluated to determine if the arrangement gave the Company a variable interest in a variable interest entity, and to determine whether the Company was the primary beneficiary that would result in consolidating the VIE.
The Company was considered to be the primary beneficiary as a result of the obligation to absorb losses that could be significant to the VIE. Additionally, since future revenue for the VIE is dependent upon the Company entering into future turnkey contracts or drilling programs, the Company directs activities that most significantly impact economic performance of the VIE. The Company was determined to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE for 2010 and 2009 and the VIE has been included in the consolidated financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.
The table below reflects the amount of assets and liabilities from the VIE included in our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2010 and 2009.
| | December 31, | | | December 31, | |
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable from affiliates | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) | | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | | | | | | | | |
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 11 – SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ON OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES (Unaudited)
Natural Gas and Oil Operations
The following table sets for the revenue and direct cost information relating to the Company’s oil and gas exploration and production activities:
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Crude oil and natural gas production revenues | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Lease operating expenses (2) | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Equivalent units of production (Mcf) | | | | | | | | |
Recurring DD&A per equivalent unit (Mcf) | | | | | | | | |
(1) Reflects DD&A of capitalized cost of oil and gas producing properties.
(2) Amount includes de minimis production taxes related to Kentucky oil wells.
Cost Incurred in Oil and Gas Property Acquisition, Exploration and Development Activities
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Natural Gas and Oil Reserve Information
The Company has limited management and staff and is dependent upon outside consulting petroleum engineers for the preparation of its annual natural gas and crude oil reserve estimates. The preparation of the Company’s natural gas and oil reserve estimates were completed in accordance with ASC “Extractive Activities Oil and Gas (Topic 932) - Oil and Gas Reserve Estimation and Disclosures” which includes the verification of input data delivered to its third party reserve specialist, as well as a multi-functional management review.
Nicola Blankenship, the Company’s Vice President of Operations, is responsible for overseeing the preparation of the Company’s reserve estimates and providing the historical and other information regarding our properties to Valuescope. Such information includes for our properties, ownership interests, natural gas and crude oil production, well test data, commodity prices and lease operating expenses. Mr. Blankenship’s job responsibilities during the last eight years have included daily monitoring of producing wells, approval of operating expense billings and review of daily drilling reports.
The reserve estimates reported herein were prepared by Greg Scheig, Principal and Energy Practice Leader of Valuescope. The process performed by Mr. Scheig to prepare reserve amounts included its estimation of reserve quantities, future producing rates, future net revenue and the present value of such future net revenue, is based in part on data provided by the Company. Valuescope is an independent financial analysis and valuation firm with expertise in the valuation of oil and gas reserves has reviewed the estimates of the Company’s natural gas and crude oil reserves as of December 31, 2010. Greg Scheig, the person responsible for the review of proved reserve estimates, has over twenty years of experience in the valuation of oil and gas reserves and is a member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Petroleum Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin.
Valuescope provided their report to the Company’s senior management team (Daro and Anita Blankenship, Nicola Blankenship, and William J. Amdall) who is responsible for oversight. The Company made representation to the independent engineers that it provided all relevant operating data and documents, and in turn, management reviews the reserve reports provided by the independent engineers to ensure completeness and accuracy. The Company’s management cautions that estimates of proved reserves may be imprecise and subject to revision based on production history, price changes and other factors.
All of the Company’s natural gas and crude oil reserves are located within Pennsylvania and Kentucky. A summary of the changes in quantities of proved natural gas and crude oil reserves for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 follows:
| | Natural Gas | | | Oil | |
| | (Mcf) | | | (Bbls) | |
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Purchase of reserves in place | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Revision of previous estimate | | | | | | | | |
Balance December 31, 2009 | | | | | | | | |
Extensions, discoveries and other additions | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Revision of previous estimate | | | | | | | | |
Proved developed reserves - December 31, 2010 | | | | | | | | |
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Future Net Cash Flows
Future cash inflows as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 were calculated in accordance with SEC Modernization Rules, using an average of natural gas and oil prices in effect on the first day of each month in 2010 and 2009, except where prices are defined by contractual arrangements. Operating costs, production and ad valorem taxes and future development costs are based on current costs with no escalations.
The following tables set forth unaudited information concerning future net cash flows for natural gas and oil reserves, net of income tax expense. Income tax expense has been computed using expected future tax rates under current laws, and which relate to oil and gas producing activities. This information does not purport to present the fair market value of the Company’s natural gas and oil assets, but does present a standardized disclosure concerning possible future net cash flows that would result under the assumptions used.
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Future cash flows inflows | | $ | 7,473,220 | | | $ | 6,703,810 | |
Future production costs | | | (3,822,500 | ) | | | (3,481,360 | ) |
Future income tax expense | | | (1,241,245 | ) | | | (1,095,633 | ) |
Future net cash flows | | | 2,409,475 | | | | 2,126,817 | |
10% annual discount for estimated timing of cash flows | | | (1,240,807 | ) | | | (1,121,518 | ) |
Standardized measure of discounted future cash flows | | $ | 1,168,669 | | | $ | 1,005,299 | |
The changes in the standardized measure of future net cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 follows.
| | 2010 | | | 2009 | |
Standardized measure of discounted cash flows: | | | | | |
Balance at beginning of year | | $ | 1,005,299 | | | $ | 104,077 | |
Changes in value of previous year reserves due to: | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of reserves in place | | | - | | | | 1,105,000 | |
Value of reserves added due to extension and discoveries | | | 137,920 | | | | - | |
Accretion of Discount | | | 124,081 | | | | 112,152 | |
Sales of oil and gas produced, net of production costs | | | (358,698 | ) | | | (203,778 | ) |
Net changes in prices | | | (123,400 | ) | | | 52,493 | |
Net change in income tax | | | 41,956 | | | | (17,848 | ) |
Timing and other | | | 341,512 | | | | (146,797 | ) |
Balance at end of year | | $ | 1,168,669 | | | $ | 1,005,299 | |
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
| | June 30, | | | | |
| | 2011 | | | December 31, | |
| | (Unaudited) | | | 2010 | |
| | | | | | |
Assets: | | | | | | |
Cash | | $ | 1,189,492 | | | $ | 1,836,957 | |
Accounts receivable - net | | | 53,506 | | | | 95,678 | |
Deferred federal income tax - current | | | 813,365 | | | | 813,365 | |
Total current assets | | | 2,056,363 | | | | 2,746,000 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Property and equipment: | | | | | | | | |
Oil and gas properties, using successful efforts method of accounting: | | | | | | | | |
Proved properties | | | 2,155,500 | | | | 2,130,500 | |
Other property and equipment | | | 278,918 | | | | 248,342 | |
Less: Accumulated depletion and depreciation | | | (424,084 | ) | | | (356,488 | ) |
Property and equipment, net | | | 2,010,334 | | | | 2,022,354 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Goodwill | | | 2,740,171 | | | | 2,740,171 | |
Prepayment to operator | | | 1,832,500 | | | | 1,832,500 | |
Other assets | | | 119,863 | | | | 120,573 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Assets | | $ | 8,759,231 | | | $ | 9,461,598 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Liabilities & Equity: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | $ | 150,668 | | | $ | 294,319 | |
Payable to affiliate | | | 685,200 | | | | - | |
Income tax payable | | | - | | | | 19,179 | |
Deferred revenue | | | 3,579,018 | | | | 3,923,974 | |
Total current liabilities | | | 4,414,886 | | | | 4,237,472 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Notes payable | | | 28,802 | | | | - | |
Asset retirement obligation liability | | | 160,162 | | | | 160,162 | |
Deferred federal income taxes - long-term | | | 709,860 | | | | 1,007,262 | |
Total long-term liabilities | | | 898,824 | | | | 1,167,424 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, $.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 | | | - | | | | - | |
Common stock, $.001 par value; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 104,235,236 and 104,235,236 issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 | | | 104,235 | | | | 104,235 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 6,948,359 | | | | 6,948,359 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (2,778,421 | ) | | | (2,224,116 | ) |
Total Vadda stockholders’ equity | | | 4,274,173 | | | | 4,828,478 | |
Deficit attributable to noncontrolling interests | | | (828,652 | ) | | | (771,776 | ) |
Total Equity | | | 3,445,521 | | | | 4,056,702 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Liabilities and Equity | | $ | 8,759,231 | | | $ | 9,461,598 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
| | | | | | |
| | For the Three Months Ended June 30, | | | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2011 | | | 2010 | | | 2011 | | | 2010 | |
Revenues: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Turnkey drilling revenues | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | | | $ | - | |
Natural gas and oil sales | | | 95,173 | | | | 114,778 | | | | 216,797 | | | | 321,206 | |
Administrative fee income | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
| | | 95,173 | | | | 114,778 | | | | 216,797 | | | | 321,206 | |
Costs and Expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Turnkey drilling costs | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | | | | - | |
Lease operating expense | | | 52,558 | | | | 34,315 | | | | 94,681 | | | | 78,290 | |
General and administrative | | | 522,626 | | | | 457,657 | | | | 982,302 | | | | 801,734 | |
Depletion and depreciation | | | 35,294 | | | | 34,627 | | | | 67,597 | | | | 64,385 | |
| | | 610,478 | | | | 526,599 | | | | 1,144,580 | | | | 944,409 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating loss | | | (515,305 | ) | | | (411,821 | ) | | | (927,783 | ) | | | (623,203 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other income (expense): | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Other | | | 6 | | | | - | | | | 22 | | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss before income taxes | | | (515,299 | ) | | | (411,821 | ) | | | (927,761 | ) | | | (623,203 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income tax (benefit) expense | | | (175,202 | ) | | | (145,967 | ) | | | (316,580 | ) | | | (211,889 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | | (340,097 | ) | | | (265,854 | ) | | | (611,181 | ) | | | (411,314 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss attributable to variable interest entity | | | (23,786 | ) | | | (60,589 | ) | | | (56,876 | ) | | | (63,280 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss attributable to Vadda common stockholders | | $ | (316,311 | ) | | $ | (205,265 | ) | | $ | (554,305 | ) | | $ | (348,034 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic and diluted loss per common share | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | 0.00 | | | $ | (0.01 | ) | | $ | 0.00 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average number of common shares | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
outstanding - basic and fully diluted | | | 104,235,236 | | | | 104,235,236 | | | | 104,235,236 | | | | 104,134,275 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)
| | For the Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2011 | | | 2010 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (611,181 | ) | | $ | (411,314 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss | | | | | | | | |
to net cash used in operating activities | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | 67,596 | | | | 61,681 | |
Deferred tax expense | | | - | | | | (24,671 | ) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Account receivable | | | 42,333 | | | | (45,950 | ) |
Other current assets | | | 710 | | | | (1,296,427 | ) |
Other assets | | | 685,200 | | | | - | |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | | (162,830 | ) | | | (462,679 | ) |
Other deferred liabilities | | | (297,403 | ) | | | 24,672 | |
Deferred revenues | | | (344,956 | ) | | | 2,304,701 | |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | (620,531 | ) | | | 150,013 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Additions to property and equipment | | | (55,576 | ) | | | - | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (55,576 | ) | | | - | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Bank loan to purchase software | | | 28,642 | | | | - | |
Sale of common stock, net of offering costs of $14,396 | | | - | | | | 260,604 | |
Net cash provided by financing activities | | | 28,642 | | | | 260,604 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net change in cash | | | (647,465 | ) | | | 410,617 | |
Cash balance, beginning of period | | | 1,836,957 | | | | 758,457 | |
Cash balance, end of period | | $ | 1,189,492 | | | $ | 1,169,074 | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements
Vadda Energy Corporation and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION and SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Vadda Energy Corporation (“Vadda”) was originally incorporated in Florida in 1997. The foregoing consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Vadda, its wholly-owned subsidiary, Mieka Corporation (“Mieka”) and Mieka LLC, a variable interest entity (“VIE”), which collectively are referred to as “Company”. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated and all normal recurring adjustments have been recorded that are necessary for a fair presentation of the information contained herein.
The accompanying interim consolidated financial statements and related notes are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and are expressed in U.S dollars, and have been prepared by the Company without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnotes have been condensed or omitted, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. These consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, and notes thereto.
The Company is an independent developer and producer of natural gas and oil with operations in Pennsylvania and Kentucky.
NOTE 2 – INCOME TAXES
The Company computes quarterly income taxes under the effective tax rate method based on applying an anticipated annual effective rate to our quarterly net income (loss), except for discrete items. Income taxes for discrete items are computed and recorded in the period that the specific transaction occurs. For the six months ended June 30, 2011 our overall effective tax rate on pre-tax income from operations used was the statutory rate of 34%. Based on net losses for the six months ended June 30, 2011 and 2010 the Company had an estimated income tax benefit of $316,580 and $211,889.
NOTE 3 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
During the six months ended June 30, 2011 Daro and Anita Blankenship, principal shareholders of the Company, received aggregate compensation from the Company of $60,653 and $48,686, respectively.
NOTE 4 - LEASES
The Company previously leased office space under the terms of a lease that expired on June 30, 2011 and was required to pay monthly lease payments of $8,715. Operating lease rental expenses attributable to the Company’s office lease for the six months ended June 30, 2011 was $52,290. As of June 30, 2011 the Company had no future minimum rental payment obligations. The Company is currently making month to month payments of $13,073.
NOTE 5 – NOTES PAYABLE
In June 2011, the Company obtained an installment loan in the principal amount of $30,000 to purchase oil and gas accounting software. Under the terms of the loan agreement the Company has a monthly payment obligation of $1,338 until June 30, 2013.
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED
PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Managing Venturer and
Partners
We have audited the accompanying combined balance sheets of the Joint Ventures (the Ventures) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related combined statements of operations, partners’ capital and cash flows for the years then ended. These combined financial statements are the responsibility of the Joint Ventures’ management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these combined financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the combined financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Joint Ventures are not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of their internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Joint Ventures’ internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the combined financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the combined financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the combined financial position of the Joint Ventures as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the combined results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
/s/ WEAVER AND TIDWELL, L.L.P
WEAVER AND TIDWELL, L.L.P.
Dallas, Texas
July 1, 2011
Joint Ventures
Combined Balance Sheets
As of September 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and 2007
| | September 30, 2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
ASSETS: | | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable - net | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Oil and gas properties, using successful efforts method of accounting | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Less accumulated depletion, depreciation | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Property and equipment, net | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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LIABILITIES & PARTNERS’ CAPITAL: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Total current liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Asset retirement obligation | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Total Liabilities & Partners’ Capital | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to combined financial statements
Joint Ventures
Combined Statements of Operations
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007
| | September 30, 2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
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Revenues: | | | | | | | | | |
Natural gas and oil sales | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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General and administrative | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depletion, depreciation and amortization | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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See accompanying notes to combined financial statements
Joint Ventures
Combined Statements of Partners’ Capital
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007
| | September 30, 2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
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Partners’ Capital Beginning Balance | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Partner Capital Contributions | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Partners’ Capital Ending Balance | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to combined financial statements
Joint Ventures
Combined Statements of Cash Flows
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 and Years Ended December 31, 2008 and 2007
| | September 30, 2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | | | | | |
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Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation, depletion and accretion | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Additions to property and equipment | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Capital contributions by venturers | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Net cash provided by (used in) by financing activities | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Cash balance, beginning of year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cash balance, end of year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to combined financial statements
Joint Ventures
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION
The foregoing financial statements include the combined accounts of 18 natural gas and crude oil joint ventures (collectively the “Joint Ventures”) that were acquired by Vadda Energy Corporation (“Vadda”) as of December 1, 2009. Pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, Vadda issued an aggregate of 15,988,935 shares of its common stock to the Joint Ventures’ partners as consideration for the mergers. The Joint Ventures’ principal business included the drilling and development of natural gas and crude oil in Pennsylvania and Kentucky.
The combined financial statements consist of Mieka Pine Glen 2003, Mieka Pine Glen 2003 II, Mieka Pine Glen III 2004, 2004 Mieka Sabula Project A, 2005 Mieka Crabtree Project I, 2005 Mieka PA Crabtree Project II, 2005 Mieka PA Sabula Project “B”, 2006 Mieka PA Hackett Project, 2006 Mieka PA Apollo/West M Project Phase I, 2006 Mieka PA Apollo/West M Project Phase II, 2006 Mieka PA Apollo/WestM Project Phase III, 2006 Mieka KY Warren Project Phase I, 2007 Mieka KY Warren Project Phase II, 2007 Mieka KY Warren Project Phase III, 2007 Mieka KY Barnett Project, 2007 Mieka KY Kinslow Project, 2007-08 Mieka KY Clifford Project and 2008 Mieka KY Groce Project (collectively the Joint Ventures), and have been treated as a single business acquisition due to the entities being under common management.
The mergers were accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 805 Business Combinations.
Prior to the mergers the Joint Ventures were managed by Mieka Corporation (“Mieka”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Vadda.
NOTE 2 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
General
The Joint Ventures’ combined financial statements and related notes are presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and are expressed in U.S dollars. The Joint Ventures’ combined financial statements include the accounts of 18 joint ventures presented as one combined entity, and are presented as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and as of and for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.
Natural Gas and Oil Properties
The Joint Ventures follow the successful efforts method of accounting for oil and gas producing activities. Under the successful efforts method of accounting, costs that relate directly to the discovery of natural gas and crude oil reserves are capitalized. These capitalized costs include:
| ● | The costs of acquiring leases and mineral interests in properties, |
| ● | Costs to drill and equip exploratory wells that find proved reserves, |
| ● | Costs to drill and equip development wells, and |
| ● | Costs for support equipment and facilities used in oil and gas producing activities. |
These costs are depleted, depreciated and amortized on the units of production method, based on estimates of recoverable proved developed oil and gas reserves which is calculated by geographic location of producing field.
The Joint Ventures held no non-depletable natural gas and crude oil properties as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 and 2007.
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
| | September 30,2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
Proved properties | | $ | 5,857,877 | | | $ | 6,424,116 | | | $ | 6,657,803 | |
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The Joint Ventures recorded depletion, depreciation and amortization on its assets of $119,896, $232,360, and $377,282 for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Natural Gas and Oil Sales
Natural gas and crude oil revenue is recognized as income as production is extracted and sold.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of net revenue and expenses in the reporting period. The Joint Ventures’ combined financial statements are based on a number of significant estimates, including depletion, depreciation, accretion and measurement of asset retirement obligations. We regularly evaluate our estimates and assumptions related to the useful life and recoverability of long-lived assets. We base our estimates and assumptions on current facts, historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities and the accrual of costs and expenses that are not readily apparent from other sources. The actual results experienced by us may differ materially and adversely from our estimates. To the extent there are material differences between our estimates and the actual results, our future results of operations will be affected.
Financial Instruments
The carrying value for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximates fair value based on the timing of the anticipated cash flows and current market conditions.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Joint Ventures consider all highly liquid instruments with original maturities of three months or less when acquired, to be cash equivalents. We had no cash equivalents at September 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 or 2007. The Joint Ventures bank accounts periodically exceed federally insured limits. The Joint Ventures maintain their deposits with high quality financial institutions and, accordingly, believe their credit risk exposure associated with cash is minimal.
Joint Ventures
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Joint Ventures routinely assess the recoverability of all material receivables to determine their collectability. All of the Joint Ventures’ receivables are from the operators of properties in which the Joint Ventures own an interest. Generally, the Joint Ventures’ crude oil and natural gas receivables are collected within three months. The Joint Ventures accrue a reserve on a receivable when, based on the judgment of management, it is probable that a receivable will not be collected and the amount of any reserve may be reasonably estimated. As of September 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Joint Ventures had no amounts recorded as an allowance for doubtful accounts.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards
The FASB established the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“Codification”) as the source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities in the preparation of financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. The codification has changed the manner in which U.S. GAAP guidance is referenced, but did not have an impact on our combined financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Asset Retirement Obligation
Obligations associated with the retirement of long-lived assets are recognized at their fair value at the time that the obligations are incurred. Upon initial recognition of a liability, that cost is capitalized as part of the related long-lived asset (natural gas and crude oil properties) and amortized on the units-of-production basis over the life of the related reserves. Accretion expense in connection with the discounted liability is recognized over the remaining life of the related liability.
Impairment of Oil and Gas Properties
The Joint Ventures review its oil and gas properties for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If it is determined that the estimated future cash flows will not be sufficient to recover the carrying amount, an impairment charge will be recorded to reduce the carrying amount to the estimated fair value. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 the Joint Ventures recorded impairment losses of $907,200 and $1,167,094, respectively, and for the unaudited nine month period ended September 30, 2009 an impairment of $574,651.
Contingencies, Risks and Uncertainties
The Joint Ventures’ policy regarding loss contingencies arising for claims, assessments, litigation, environmental and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Such accruals are adjusted as additional information becomes available or circumstances change.
Income Taxes
Each Joint Venture is treated as a partnership for Federal and state income taxes purposes. Partnerships are non-taxable flow-through entities. Taxes are calculated on each partners’ individual return, thus, no taxes have been recorded in the combined financial statements of the Joint Ventures.
Joint Ventures
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
NOTE 3 – ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATION
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 410-20, the Joint Ventures recognize a liability for future asset retirement obligations which is based on the estimated cost of plugging and abandonment of its oil and gas wells and related facilities. This liability is offset by the associated asset retirement costs which are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the related proved oil and gas assets. As of September 30, 2009, the Joint Ventures estimated asset retirement obligations fair value was $152,376. The related capitalized asset retirement costs are included in proved oil and gas properties.
The estimated liability is based on historical experience in plugging and abandoning wells, estimated remaining lives of those wells based on reserve estimates, external estimates as to the cost to plug and abandon the wells in the future and federal and state regulatory requirements. The liability is discounted using an assumed credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate. Revisions to the liability could occur due to changes in estimates of plugging and abandonment costs or remaining lives of the wells, or if federal or state regulators enact new plugging and abandonment requirements.
Estimates of future asset retirement obligations include significant management judgment and are based on projected future retirement costs. Judgments are based upon such inputs as field life and estimated costs. Such costs could differ significantly when incurred.
A reconciliation of the Joint Ventures’ liability for well plugging and abandonment costs for the periods indicated is as follows:
| | September 30,2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
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Asset retirement obligation, beginning of year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Asset retirement obligation, end of year | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Joint Ventures
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
NOTE 4 – FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The Joint Ventures have established a hierarchy to measure their financial instruments at fair value in accordance with ASC Topic 820-10, which requires it to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). FASB ASC Topic 820-10 defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under FASB ASC Topic 820-10 are described below:
| ● | Level 1 – Valuation based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that an entity has the ability to access. |
| ● | Level 2 – Valuation based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. |
| ● | Level 3 – Valuations based on inputs that are supportable by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the asset or liability. |
Liabilities Measured at Fair Value
The asset retirement obligation was measured using (Level 3) unobservable inputs, which reflect the Joint Ventures’ own assumptions about the factors market participants would use in the pricing of the liability and are consequently not based on market activity but rather valuation techniques.
As of September 30, 2009, the fair value of the asset retirement obligation (See Note 3) was $152,376.
NOTE 5 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Pursuant to an arrangement between the Joint Ventures and Mieka, the Joint Ventures incurred overhead fees to Mieka for administrative and management services. Such amounts were $166,456, $291,107 and $299,052, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. As of September 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Joint Ventures were obligated to pay $784,659, $790,790, and $645,848, respectively.
Joint Ventures
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
NOTE 6 – SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION ON OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES (Unaudited)
Natural Gas and Oil Operations
The following table sets forth the revenue and direct cost information relating to the Joint Ventures’ oil and gas exploration and production activities:
| | September 30,2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
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Crude oil and natural gas production revenues | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Depreciation, depletion and amortization | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Lease operating expenses (3) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Equivalent units of production (Mcf) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Recurring DD&A per equivalent unit (Mcf) | | | | | | | | | | | | |
(1) | Reflects depletion, depreciation and amortization of capitalized costs related to producing natural gas and oil properties. |
(2) | Reflects charges associated with annual assessment of impairment related to natural gas and oil properties. |
(3) | Amount includes de minimis production taxes related to Kentucky oil wells. |
Cost Incurred in Oil and Gas Property Acquisition, Exploration and Development Activities
| | September 30,2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
Acquisitions | | | | | | | | | |
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Joint Ventures
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
Capitalized Costs
| | September 30,2009 (Unaudited) | | | December 31, 2008 | | | December 31, 2007 | |
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Natural Gas and Oil Reserve Information
The preparation of the Joint Ventures’ natural gas and oil reserve estimates were completed in accordance with ASC “Extractive Activities Oil and Gas (Topic 932) - Oil and Gas Reserve Estimation and Disclosures”, which includes the verification of input data delivered to its third party reserve specialist, as well as a multi-functional management review.
Nicola Blankenship, Vadda’s Vice President of Operations, is responsible for providing historical and other information to the Joint Ventures’ outside consulting petroleum engineers for its properties. Such information includes ownership interests, natural gas and crude oil production, well test data, commodity prices and lease operating expenses. Mr. Blankenship’s job responsibilities during the last eight years have included daily monitoring of producing wells, approval of operating expense billings and review of daily drilling reports.
Valuescope, Inc. (“Valuescope”), an independent financial analysis and valuation firm with expertise in the valuation of oil and gas reserves, has reviewed the estimates of the Joint Ventures’ natural gas and crude oil reserves as of November 30, 2009. Greg Scheig, the person responsible for the review of proved reserve estimates, has over twenty years of experience in the valuation of oil and gas reserves and is a member of the Society of Petroleum Engineers. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Petroleum Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. Mr. Scheig is a Principal at Valuescope and serves as its Energy Practice Leader.
Valuescope provided their report to the Vadda’s senior management team (Daro and Anita Blankenship, Nicola Blankenship, and William J. Amdall) who is responsible for oversight. They made representation to the independent engineers that they provided all relevant operating data and documents, and in turn, they reviewed the reserve reports provided by the independent engineers to ensure completeness and accuracy. Vadda’s management cautions that estimates of proved reserves may be imprecise and subject to revision based on production history, price changes and other factors.
Joint Ventures
Notes to Combined Financial Statements
All of the Joint Ventures’ natural gas and crude oil reserves are located within Pennsylvania and Kentucky and consist only of proved developed reserves. A summary of the changes in quantities of proved natural gas and crude oil reserves for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 follows:
| | Natural Gas | | | Oil | |
| | (Mcf) | | | (Bbls) | |
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Balance January 1, 2007 (1) | | | | | | | | |
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Balance January 1, 2008 (1) | | | | | | | | |
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Balance September 30, 2009 | | | | | | | | |
(1) | Represents roll back of the reserve report prepared as of November 30, 2009. |