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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
þ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 | ||
OR | ||
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
For the transition period from to |
Commission file number:001-31783
RAE Systems Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 77-0280662 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
3775 North First Street San Jose, California (Address of principal executive offices) | 95134 (Zip Code) |
408-952-8200
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share | NYSE Alternext US |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes o No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 ofRegulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of thisForm 10-K or any amendment to thisForm 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filero | Accelerated filerþ | Non-accelerated filer o (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined inRule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No þ
As of June 30, 2008, the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $84,983,775, based upon the closing sale price of $1.43 on the NYSE Alternext US (formerly the American Stock Exchange) on June 30, 2008, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. As of the close of business on February 28, 2009, the number of shares of registrant’s Common Stock outstanding was 59,443,914.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s proxy statement for its 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report onForm 10-K.
RAE SYSTEMS INC.
INDEX TO
ANNUAL REPORT ONFORM 10-K
FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INDEX TO
ANNUAL REPORT ONFORM 10-K
FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table of Contents
PART I
In addition to historical information, this Annual Report onForm 10-K contains forward-looking statements. These statements typically are preceded or accompanied by words like “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “potential,” or “continue,” and other words of similar meaning. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected in these forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on those forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s opinions only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to revise or update or publicly release the results of any revisions or update to these forward-looking statements. Readers should carefully review the risk factors described herein and in other documents that we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Quarterly Reports onForm 10-Q that we file for the fiscal year 2009.
ITEM 1. | BUSINESS |
Overview
RAE Systems Inc. (referred to herein as the “Company”, “we”, or “our”) was founded in 1991 to develop technologies for the detection of hazardous materials in environmental remediation and chemical spillclean-ups. We have a broad patent portfolio consisting of 14 issued and pending U.S. patents, one Japan patent, six pending EU patents and five granted and eight pending China technology patents in gas and radiation detection technology that are the basis for many of our products.
We are a leading global developer and manufacturer of rapidly-deployable, multi-sensor chemical and radiation detection monitors and networks for application in five key markets: oil and gas, hazardous material management, industrial safety, civil defense and environmental remediation. We provide personal, portable and wireless sensor networks that enable our customers in more than 95 countries to identify safety and security threats in real-time.
We offer a comprehensive product portfolio of fixed and portable breathing zone single and multi-sensor chemical and radiation detection products, many with wireless integrated systems capability. Our technologically advanced products are based on proprietary patented technology. Industrial applications include the detection of toxic industrial chemicals, volatile organic compounds and petrochemicals. Our products are deployed in oil and gas facilities, petrochemical and plastics plants, steel mills and in other types of manufacturing facilities. Our products enable the military and first responders such as firefighters, law enforcement and other emergency management personnel to detect and provide early warning of hazardous materials.
We have significant operations in People’s Republic of China (“China”), including research and development and manufacturing operations in Shanghai. We own 96% of RAE-KLH (Beijing) Co., Limited, or RAE Beijing, a manufacturer and distributor of safety, environmental and personal protection monitors and equipment. We own a 70% interest in RAE Coal Mine Safety Instruments (Fushun) Co., Ltd., hereinafter referred to as RAE Fushun. RAE Fushun offers a wide range of portable and fixed use safety products, primarily to the China coal mining industry.
Additional information about the Company is available on our web site atwww.raesystems.com. Information contained on or accessible through our web site is not part of this Annual Report or our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We make available, free of charge on our web site, access to our Annual Report onForm 10-K, our Quarterly Reports onForm 10-Q, our Current Reports onForm 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after we file them electronically with or furnish them to the SEC.
The public may also read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Rooms by calling the SEC at1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains an internet web site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The SEC’s internet web site is located athttp://www.sec.gov.
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Industry Background
The market for our products has evolved from being strictly focused on environmental and industrial monitoring to encompassing energy exploration and production, mining and public safety. Demand for our products has grown in the fields of petrochemical production, environmental remediation, confined space entry, OSHA Regulation 1910 compliance and industrial safety monitoring. The application of our products in these established markets stems from the dependence of numerous key industries on sensors that provide vital information that can affect worker safety, products, processes and systems.
Sophisticated monitoring is important for emergency response personnel to detect harmful agents that could create a potentially lethal situation. We believe first responders need a suite of products that provide a practical, comprehensive solution to protect them from this danger. Many of the same equipment capabilities that are necessary to support first responders are also necessary to address other areas where there are increasing demands for chemical and radiation detection. For example, wireless detection systems have been deployed at many of the world’s major spectator events for public venue protection.
Products
We manufacture and sell sensors and measurement products, which may also be integrated with wireless technology. As an instrument manufacturer, we have differentiated ourselves from our competition by developing a broad array of specific chemical sensors, including an array of gas sensors and photoionization detectors.
Sensor and Measurement Products
Our products are based on proprietary and patented gas and chemical sensors. We design and manufacture the following sensors:
• | photoionization detectors for the measurement of volatile organic compounds, highly toxic chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals; | |
• | catalytic bead pellistors for the detection and measurement of combustible gas; | |
• | non-dispersive infrared sensors for the measurement of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons; | |
• | electro-chemical sensors for the measurement of oxygen and toxic gases such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide; | |
• | solid polymer electrode sensors for the measurement of oxygen; and | |
• | solid-state scintillation detectors for both neutron and gamma radiation. |
Photoionization detectors use ultraviolet light to ionize gas molecules into charged particles. This produces a flow of electrical current proportional to the concentration of the charge. Our patented photoionization detector technology enables dependable, linear,part-per-billion range readings for many toxic gases and vapors. Photoionization detection is particularly suited to the detection of the highly toxic, long-chain, low vapor pressure volatile organic compounds associated with many toxic industrial chemicals. Our products that use this technology include: the MultiRAE Plus, AreaRAE, AreaRAE Steel, MiniRAE 3000, MiniRAE Lite, ppbRAE 3000 and UltraRAE 3000.
Integrated Wireless Products
We have developed wireless capabilities for many of our gas monitoring instruments that enable detection from remote locations. Our AreaRAE and MeshGuard products offer wireless-enabled gas detectors which provide real-time transmission of monitoring information to a base station located up to two miles away from the detectors. The AreaRAE incorporates technologies such as global positioning system (GPS) receivers and geographic information system (GIS) capabilities to create awareness of hazardous conditions for decision makers located remotely in a central command and control location. In addition, the AreaRAE can interface with the Internet, making measurements available from virtually any location with Internet access.
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Our AreaRAE Gamma combines a multi-gas and radiation detector equipped with a wireless radio frequency modem that allows the unit to communicate and transmit sensor and other information on a real-time basis to a remotely located base controller. AreaRAE Steel is a stainless steel version of the AreaRAE that meets the intrinsic safety requirements of the European Union (ATEX).
MeshGuard, introduced in October 2008, is a new family of wireless products designed to replace the “fixed” sensor systems that must be deployed for oil and gas exploration. This family of products uses “mesh-radio” to create a self healing network where each sensor has both a radio receiver and transmitter. This architecture gives the MeshGuard sensor the ability to transmit radio data in and around metal structures that are generally difficult for clear radio transmission.
Our wireless products include the AreaRAE, AreaRAE Steel, AreaRAEGamma, MeshGuard and RAELink3.
Radiation Products
We have developed technology for alpha, gamma and neutron particle detection. These technologies are incorporated into highly sensitive handheld instruments capable of detecting low levels of radiation on a real-time basis. Dosimeters are used in nuclear power plants to protect personnel from long-term radiation exposure. Our radiation products include Gamma RAE IIR, NeutronRAE II, AreaRAE Gamma, AreaRAE Steel Gama and DoseRAE.
Sales, Marketing and Distribution
Most of our products are sold through a worldwide organization that includes direct sales personnel and distributors managed from our San Jose, California headquarters, our Beijing and Fushun, China operations and our Copenhagen, Denmark European headquarters. We sell products in more than 95 countries and through an international network of sales representatives and distributors.
Currently, our predominant distribution channel is value added business-to-business or business-to-government distribution services companies that focus on the health, safety and security product markets. Many of our distributors are international companies with distribution rights in specific territories. We seek those distributors that have the greatest reach and broadest array of end-user customers. We benchmark our distributors’ performance according to volume, payment schedule, training, services and other support programs.
Our wireless detection products, specifically the AreaRAE and MeshGuard suite of products and their peripherals, are largely sold directly in the United States and Europe, with customers identified through external manufacturers’ representatives. This channel was established because of the technical expertise required to advise and sell these complex monitoring systems.
Our marketing efforts are focused on increasing brand awareness and creating product preference through print advertising, direct mail, email marketing, web sites, trade shows and focused sales strategies. The primary responsibility of our product managers is to develop marketing programs targeted towards specific audiences in the areas of wireless systems, portable products, consumable products and government requirements.
Customers
We have significant numbers of instruments currently in service in more than 95 countries, with many of the world’s leading corporations. Our products are used in civilian and government atmospheric monitoring programs. Our end-user customers include many industrial companies that use hazardous chemicals as part of their manufacturing processes. We serve customers in five key markets: energy, hazardous material management, industrial safety and civil defense and environmental services. Our products are used in confined space entry monitoring programs, public venue protection, first responders, law enforcement, all branches of the armed forces and numerous local, state and federal agencies and departments.
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Research, Development and Engineering
We continue to expand our product offerings through advances in sensors, and wireless networking technologies, including:
• | the RAELink 3 a wireless modem with integrated GPS and Bluetooth radio technology that provides a data bridge for our products and complementary products such as chemical warfare agents and particle counters | |
• | AutoRAE Lite a fast calibration and bump test station for personal and portable toxic gas monitors | |
• | Solar power stations for placing AreaRAE monitors in remote locations | |
• | Solid polymer sensors for oxygen that comply with EU, China and California reduction of hazardous substances (RoHS) acts. | |
• | MeshGuard wireless, mesh radio based, explosive and toxic gas detection for oil and gas exploration, both on-shore and off-shore that give users a significant time a monitoring advantage over older fixed systems. |
The adoption of modular product design and flexible rapid manufacturing have resulted in improved system performance as well as advanced scalability, thereby allowing rapid development of new products. Eight new portable products were introduced in 2008 for use in confined space/hazardous materials applications, including the ToxiRAE 3 single gas monitor, the MiniRAE 3000 for volatile organic compound (VOC) measurement, MiniRAE Lite for VOC measurement where intrinsic safety certification is not required, the ppbRAE 3000 for measuring VOC’s in theparts-per-billion range, the UltraRAE for the compound specific measurement of benzene, AutoRAE Lite single gas calibration station and the QRAE 2 four-gas monitor for regulation compliant confined space entry. We expect to receive governmental and industry certifications for our products in various jurisdictions.
Manufacturing
We have ISO 9001 certified manufacturing operations in California and Shanghai.
We lease a modern 61,000 square foot manufacturing facility with laboratory space in Shanghai, China, where the majority of our components and products are manufactured. We lease a 67,000 square foot office, manufacturing, integration and test site in San Jose, California, where we manufacture some of our more complex and sensitive sensors. We have limited manufacturing capabilities in our RAE Beijing operations, consisting of 106,000 square feet, of which 41,000 square feet are dedicated to manufacturing and the balance to sales, marketing and administrative functions. We own the 239,000 square foot facility in Fushun, China, of which 179,000 square feet are dedicated to manufacturing and the balance to sales, marketing and administrative functions.
Competition
The markets for gas detection monitoring devices and wireless gas monitoring systems are highly competitive. Our global gas detection competitors include Industrial Scientific Corporation, Mine Safety Appliances Company, Honeywell (BW Technologies), Ion Science, Draeger Safety Inc., Gastec Corporation and Bacou-Dalloz. In addition, China specific gas detection competitors include Ex-Saf and Cosmos, local China brands with established distribution networks.
Competitors in the gas monitoring industry differentiate themselves on the basis of their sensor technology, product quality, language support, service offerings, sales capabilities, cost and time to market. An emerging differentiator is the ability to manage data for long term exposure records and incident management. We believe we compete strongly in each of these areas and consider ourselves an industry leader in the design, development, marketing and manufacture of toxic gas monitoring devices. In particular, we believe our ability to develop products that integrate different chemical detection techniques, such as photoionization detectors, electrochemical sensors for specific toxic chemicals and combustible gas detectors, along with communication technologies that allow wireless data transfer, provide us with a competitive advantage. In addition, we believe our single user interface, training and support materials are a valuable resource for our distributors and end-users, which make our products more attractive to customers.
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Many of our gas detection competitors, however, have longer operating histories, larger customer bases, greater brand recognition and significantly greater financial and marketing resources than us. In addition, some of our competitors may be able to devote greater resources to marketing and promotional campaigns, adopt more aggressive pricing policiesand/or devote more resources to technology and systems development.
We differentiate our radiation detection products on their intrinsic safety certifications and the dual nature of our products. Our Gamm RAE II R combines both a detector and dosimeter. Our Newtron RAE combines both gamma radiation and neutron detectors. Our Area RAE Gamma combines wireless gas detection and gamma radiation monitoring. Competitors in the radiation detection market include Canberra, Exporanium, ICx, MGP, Polimaster Ltd., Santa Barbara Systems, Smiths, Thermo Fisher and TSA Limited.
Employees
As of December 31, 2008, we employed 1,324 individuals. Our employees are not covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We have never experienced an employee-related work stoppage and consider our employee relations to be good.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
The following table sets forth the names, ages and positions held by our executive officers.
Name | Age | Position | ||||
Robert I. Chen | 61 | President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board | ||||
Randall Gausman | 59 | Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Peter C. Hsi | 58 | Chief Technology Officer | ||||
Christopher Hameister | 54 | Vice President Asia-Pacific, Europe and Middle East Business Operations | ||||
Michael Ownby | 54 | Vice President of Finance and Chief Compliance Office for China Operations | ||||
Fei-Zhou Shen | 46 | Vice President China Business Operations | ||||
Ryan Watson | 36 | Vice President Americas Sales and Marketing | ||||
Ming-Ching Tang | 58 | Vice President Manufacturing | ||||
Hong T. Sun | 46 | Vice President of Engineering and Business Development |
Robert I. Chenco-founded RAE Systems in 1991 and has served as President, Chief Executive Officer and a director since our inception. From 1981 to 1990, Mr. Chen served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Applied Optoelectronic Technology Corporation, a manufacturer of computer-aided test systems, a company he founded and subsequently sold to Hewlett-Packard. Mr. Chen currently serves on the board of directors of Shanghai Ericsson Simtek Electronics Company, Limited, a telecommunications and electronics company. Mr. Chen received a B.S.E.E. from Taiwan National Cheng Kung University, an M.S.E.E. from South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, an advanced engineering degree from Syracuse University and graduated from the Harvard Owner/President program.
Randall Gausmanjoined RAE Systems in October 2006 as Chief Financial Officer. From May 2006 until joining the Company, Mr. Gausman worked as an independent financial consultant. From April 2002 to May 2006, Mr. Gausman served as Chief Financial Officer of Tut Systems, Inc., which delivered industry leading content processing and distribution products for deploying next-generation video and IP services over broadband networks. Previously he served as co-founder and CFO of Zantaz, Inc. and a senior finance executive at American President Companies. Mr. Gausman holds both a bachelor of science and masters in business administration from the University of Southern California, as well as a certificate in corporate finance from the University of Michigan School of Business Administration.
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Dr. Peter C. Hsico-founded RAE Systems in 1991 and has served as Chief Technology Officer and a director since our inception. Prior to co-founding RAE Systems, Dr. Hsi was the chief architect for semiconductor test systems at Applied Optoelectronic Technology Corporation. He was also the general manager for Shanghai Simax Technology Co. Ltd. Dr. Hsi has filed 21 patent applications, of which 11 have been granted and 10 are pending. Dr. Hsi received a B.S.E.E. from the National Chiao-Tung University, and a M.S. and Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Syracuse University.
Christopher Hameisterhas served as Vice President of Asia-Pacific, Europe, Middle East Business Operations since January 2007. Previously, Mr. Hameister served as Vice President of Worldwide Sales with RAE Systems from July 2006 to January 2007. In the last 25 years, Mr. Hameister’s experiences have all been with instrumentation companies, including seven years, prior to rejoining the company in July 2005, as Director of Marketing and Sales with RAE Systems and six years with Thermo Instruments as Business Operation Manager. Mr. Hameister holds a BS from the University of Adelaide, South Australia and a certificate in marketing from University of New South Wales.
Michael Ownbyserves as our Vice President of Finance and Chief Compliance Officer for the Company’s operations in Beijing, Fushun and Shanghai, China. Since December 2008 he has served as a board member on RAE Coal Mine Safety Instruments (Fushun) Co., Ltd. Previously, Mr. Ownby served as Treasurer and Corporate Secretary with RAE Systems from July 2005 until October 2008. Prior to joining RAE Systems he founded MRO’s Strategic Services, co-founded DBA Capital Advisory Services and held other key business and executive positions at both private and public companies. Mr. Ownby holds a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration and Accounting from the University of Tennessee in Knoxville.
Fei-Zhou Shenjoined RAE Systems in May 2001 and has served in various key roles including Vice President of Worldwide Manufacturing. Mr. Shen is currently Vice President of China Business Operations. Mr. Shen has over 20 years of business experience serving in key business and strategic management roles. Mr. Shen has a BS in Mechanical Engineering from Shanghai Jiao-Tong University and a MS in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Idaho.
Ryan Watsonjoined RAE Systems in May 1999 as the Midwestern Regional Sales Manager. He has served as Director of Eastern US and Canadian Sales. He was promoted to Vice president of Americas Sales and Marketing in March 2008. Mr. Watson has over 14 years of field experience selling into multiple market segments including Industrial, First Responder, Government/Military, Oil-Gas and Petrochemical as well as Environmental applications. Mr. Watson has a BS in Human Environmental Sciences from the University of Missouri.
Dr. Hong T. Sunjoined RAE Systems in May 1997 as Member of Technical Staff, and has served in the following roles: Director of Sensor Program, Vice President of Engineering, and Vice President of Business Development. His current title is Vice President of Engineering and Business Development. Dr. Sun received a Ph.D. in Electronic Engineering from Xi’an Jiaotong University, China.
Dr. Ming-Ching Tangjoined RAE Systems in June 2007 as Vice President Manufacturing. Prior to joining the Company, Dr. Tang was a senior executive of TDK China in Hong Kong and Trace Storage Technology in Taiwan. His previous professional experience included development engineering assignments with Western Digital, IBM and Seagate Technology. Dr. Tang received a B.S.M.E. from National Taiwan University, an M.S.M.E. from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from University of California, Berkeley.
ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS |
You should carefully consider the risks described below before making a decision regarding an investment in our common stock. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business could be harmed, the trading price of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should also refer to the other information contained in this report, including our financial statements and the related notes.
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We have discovered potential violations of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the resolution of which could have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
During fiscal year 2008, our internal audit department identified certain payments and gifts made by certain personnel in our China operations that may have violated the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (“FCPA”). Following this discovery, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors initiated an independent investigation. We have made a voluntary disclosure to the United States Department of Justice (“DOJ”) and the SEC regarding the results of our investigation. We have also implemented additional policies and controls with respect to compliance with the FCPA. The FCPA and related statutes and regulations provide for potential monetary penalties, criminal sanctions and in some cases debarment from doing business with the U.S. federal government in connection with FCPA violations. We are cooperating with the DOJ and the SEC in connection with their review of the matter and are seeking to achieve a negotiated resolution of all matters pertaining to the transactions in question. However, the final outcome of this or any future government investigation cannot be predicted with certainty and any indictment, conviction or material fine, debarment or settlement arising out of these investigations could have a material adverse affect on our business, financial condition, results of operation and future prospects.
Economic conditions could materially adversely affect our business.
The current financial turmoil affecting the banking system and financial markets and the possibility that additional financial institutions may consolidate or go out of business have resulted in a tightening in the credit markets and a low level of liquidity in many financial markets. There could be a number of follow-on effects from the credit crisis on our business, including the insolvency of key suppliers or their inability to obtain credit to finance manufacturing of their products, resulting in product delays; inability of customers, including channel partners, to obtain credit to finance purchases of our products;and/or customer, including channel partner, insolvencies. Our operations and performance depend significantly on worldwide economic conditions. Uncertainty about current global economic conditions poses a risk as businesses and governments may postpone spending in response to tighter creditand/or negative financial news, which could have a material negative effect on demand for our products. Our operating results could also be adversely affected by the recent strengthening of the U.S. dollar against various foreign currencies.
Political events, war, terrorism, natural disasters, and other circumstances could materially adversely affect us.
War, terrorism, geopolitical uncertainties, and other business interruptions have caused and could cause damage or disruption to international commerce and the global economy, and thus could have a strong negative effect on us and our suppliers, logistics providers, manufacturing vendors, and customers, including channel partners. Our business operations are potentially subject to interruption by natural disasters, fire, power shortages, terrorist attacks and other hostile acts, and other events beyond our control. Such events could decrease demand for our products, make it difficult or impossible for us to make and deliver products to our customers, including channel partners, or to receive components from our suppliers, and create delays and inefficiencies in our supply chain.
Our future revenues are unpredictable, our operating results are likely to fluctuate from quarter-to-quarter, and if we fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors, our stock price could decline significantly.
Our quarterly and annual operating results have fluctuated in the past and are likely to fluctuate significantly in the future due to a variety of factors, some of which are outside of our control. Accordingly, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our results of operations are not meaningful and should not be relied upon as indications of future performance. Some of the factors that could cause our quarterly or annual operating results to fluctuate include significant shortfalls in revenue relative to our planned expenditures, changes in budget allocations by the federal government for homeland security purposes, changes in world-wide energy production and refining, market acceptance of our products, ongoing product development and production, competitive pressures and customer retention. It is likely that in some future quarters our operating results may fall below the expectations of investors. In this event, the trading price of our common stock could significantly decline.
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We may have difficulty achieving and sustaining profitability and may experience additional losses in the future. If we continue to report losses or are marginally profitable, the financial impact of future events may be magnified and may lead to a disproportionate impact on the trading price of our stock.
We recorded net losses of $7.2 million, $14.7 million and $1.5 million for 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. In order to improve our profitability, we will need to continue to generate new sales while controlling our costs. As we plan on continuing the growth of our business while implementing cost control measures, we may not be able to successfully generate enough revenues to return to profitability. Any failure to increase our revenues and control costs as we pursue our planned growth would harm our profitability and would likely result in a negative effect on the market price of our stock. In addition, our financial results have historically bordered at or near profitability, and if we continue to perform at this level, the financial impact may be magnified and we may experience a disproportionate impact on our trading price as a result. If we continue to incur losses, any particular financial event could result in a relatively large change in our financial results or could be the difference between us having a profit or a loss for the particular quarter in which it occurs.
We may require additional capital in the future, which may not be available or may only be available on unfavorable terms.
Our future capital requirements depend on many factors, including potential future acquisitions and our ability to generate revenue and control costs. Should we have the need to raise additional capital, we might not be able to do so at all or on favorable terms. In the case of any future equity financings, dilution to our shareholders could result and, in any case, such securities may have rights, preferences and privileges that are senior to those of our common stock. If we are unable to obtain needed capital on favorable terms, or at all, our business and results of operations could be harmed and our liquidity could be adversely affected.
The market for gas and radiation detection monitoring devices is highly competitive, and if we cannot compete effectively, our business may be harmed.
The market for gas and radiation detection monitoring devices is highly competitive. Competitors in the gas and radiation monitoring industry differentiate themselves on the basis of their technology, quality of product and service offerings, cost and time to market. Our primary competitors in the gas detection market include Industrial Scientific Corporation, Mine Safety Appliances Company, Honeywell (BW Technologies), Ion Science, Draeger Safety Inc., Gastec Corporation and Bacou-Dalloz Group. Our competitors in the radiation market include Canberra, Exporanium, ICx, MGP, Polimaster Ltd., Santa Barbara Systems, Smiths, Thermo Fisher and TSA Limited. Several of our competitors such as Mine Safety Appliances Company, Draeger Safety Inc. and Smiths have longer operating histories, larger customer bases, greater brand recognition and significantly greater financial and marketing resources than we do. In addition, some of our competitors may be able to:
• | devote greater resources to marketing and promotional campaigns; | |
• | adopt more aggressive pricing policies; or | |
• | devote more resources to technology and systems development. |
In light of these factors, we may be unable to compete successfully.
We may not be successful in the development or introduction of new products and services in a timely and effective manner and, consequently, we may not be able to remain competitive and the results of operations may suffer.
Our revenue growth is dependent on the timely introduction of new products to market. We may be unsuccessful in identifying new product and service opportunities or in developing or marketing new products and services in a timely or cost-effective manner. In developing new products, we may be required to make significant investments before we can determine the commercial viability of the new product. If we fail to accurately foresee our customers’ needs and future activities, we may invest heavily in research and development of products that do not lead to significant sales.
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We have expanded our current business of providing gas detection instruments to include radiation detection and wireless systems for local and remote security monitoring. While we perceive a large market for such products, the radiation detection and wireless systems markets are still evolving, and we have little basis to assess the demand for these products and services or to evaluate whether our products and services will be accepted by the market. If our radiation detection products and wireless products and services do not gain broad market acceptance or if we do not continue to maintain the necessary technology, our business and results of operations will be harmed.
In addition, compliance with safety regulations, specifically the need to obtain regulatory approvals in certain jurisdictions, could delay the introduction of new products by us. As a result, we may experience delays in realizing revenues from our new products.
The securities laws and regulations have and are likely to continue to have a significant effect on our costs.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Act”) and the rules promulgated by the SEC, the American Stock Exchange (“AMEX”) and the New York Stock Exchange in relation thereto require significant legal, financial and accounting compliance costs, and we expect these costs to continue indefinitely. In particular, given the complexity of our international operations relative to our size, our compliance costs are expected to continue to result in comparatively high general and administrative expenses as a percentage of our revenue.
In the event we are unable to satisfy regulatory requirements relating to internal control over financial reporting or, if these controls are not effective, our business and financial results may suffer.
In designing and evaluating our internal control over financial reporting, we recognize that any internal control or procedure, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving desired control objectives. For example, a company’s operations may change over time as the result of new or discontinued lines of business and management must periodically modify a company’s internal controls and procedures to timely match these changes in its business. In addition, management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures and company personnel are required to use judgment in their application. While we continue to improve upon our internal control over financial reporting so that it can provide reasonable assurance of achieving its control objectives, no system of internal controls can be designed to provide absolute assurance of effectiveness.
In our 2006 annual report onForm 10-K, management identified one material weakness relating to assurance that information from our Chinese subsidiaries has been properly adjusted to generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for inclusion in our annual or interim financial statements. As a consequence, beginning with the first quarter of 2007, management of the Company initiated steps to implement a number of compensating controls and remediation measures to improve the level of assurance to ensure that the information from our Chinese subsidiaries had been properly adjusted to U.S. GAAP. As of December 31, 2007, our management concluded that the previously identified material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting had been remediated. Our internal control over financial reporting and management’s remediation efforts is available under the subheading “Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting”, in our annual report ofForm 10-K and under the subheading “Controls and Procedures” therein.
Material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting may materially impact our reported financial results and the market price of our stock could significantly decline. Additionally, adverse publicity related to a material failure of internal control over financial reporting could have a negative impact on our reputation and business.
We are subject to risks and uncertainties of the government marketplace, including the risk that the government may not fund projects that our products are designed to address and that certain terms of our contracts with government agencies may subject us to adverse government actions or penalties.
Our business is dependent in part upon government funded projects. Decisions on what types of projects are to be funded by local, state and federal government agencies may have a material impact on our business. The Federal
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budget for the Department of Homeland Security, which we refer to as “Homeland Security” herein, is a source for funding for many of our customers either directly or through grants to state and local agencies. However, if the government does not fund projects that our products are designed to address, or funds such projects at levels lower than we expect, our business and results of operations will be harmed.
From time to time we enter into government contracts that contain provisions which subject us to laws and regulations that provide government clients with rights and remedies not typically found in commercial contracts. For example, a portion of our federal contracting has been done through our distributors who are on the Federal Supply Schedules from the United States General Services Administration (GSA). GSA Schedule contracts which we may enter into often include a clause known as the “Price Reductions” clause; the terms of that clause are similar but not identical to a “most favored customer” clause in commercial contracts. Under that clause, we may agree that the prices to the government under the GSA Schedules contract will maintain a constant relationship to the prices charged to certain commercial customers, i.e., when prices to those benchmark customers drop, our prices on our GSA Schedules contract must be adjusted accordingly. Although when we are party to these contracts we undertake extensive efforts to comply with the Price Reductions clause, it is possible that we may have an unreported discount offered to a “Basis of Award” customer and may have failed to honor the obligations of the Price Reductions clause. If that occurs, we could, under certain circumstances, be subject to an audit, an action in fraud, or other adverse government actions or penalties.
We may not be successful in promoting and developing our brand, which could prevent us from remaining competitive.
We believe that our future success will depend on our ability to maintain and strengthen the RAE brand, which will depend, in turn, largely on the success of our marketing efforts and ability to provide our customers with high-quality products. If we fail to successfully promote and maintain our brand, or incur excessive expenses in attempting to promote and maintain our brand, our business will be harmed.
We may face risks from our substantial international operations and sales.
We have significant operations in foreign countries, including manufacturing facilities, sales personnel and customer support operations. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, approximately 43% and 46% of our revenues, respectively, were from sales to customers located in Asia and approximately 16% and 13% of our revenues, respectively, were from sales to customers located in Europe. We have manufacturing facilities in China and in the United States. A significant portion of our products and components are manufactured at our facility in Shanghai, China.
Our international operations are subject to economic and other risks inherent in doing business in foreign countries, including the following:
• | difficulties with staffing and managing international operations; | |
• | transportation and supply chain disruptions and increased transportation expense as a result of epidemics, terrorist activity, acts of war or hostility, increased security and less developed infrastructure; | |
• | economic slowdownand/or downturn in foreign markets; | |
• | international currency fluctuations; | |
• | political and economic uncertainty caused by epidemics, terrorism or acts of war or hostility; | |
• | legislative and regulatory responses to terrorist activity such as increased restrictions on cross-border movement of products and technology; | |
• | legislative, regulatory, police, or civil responses to epidemics or other outbreaks of infectious diseases such as quarantines, factory closures, or increased restrictions on transportation or travel; | |
• | increased costs and complexities associated with complying with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; |
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• | general strikes or other disruptions in working conditions; | |
• | labor shortages; | |
• | political instability; | |
• | changes in tariffs; | |
• | generally longer periods to collect receivables; | |
• | unexpected legislative or regulatory requirements; | |
• | reduced protection for intellectual property rights in some countries; | |
• | significant unexpected duties or taxes or other adverse tax consequences; | |
• | difficulty in obtaining export licenses and other trade barriers; and | |
• | ability to obtain credit and access to capital issues faced by our international customers. |
The specific economic conditions in each country will impact our future international sales. For example, approximately half of our recognized revenue has been denominated in U.S. dollars. Significant downward fluctuations in currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar could result in higher product pricesand/or declining margins and increased manufacturing costs. If we do not effectively manage the risks associated with international operations and sales, our business, financial condition and operating results could suffer.
Like other companies operating or selling internationally, we are subject to the FCPA and other laws which prohibit improper payments or offers of payments to foreign governments and their officials and political parties by U.S. and other business entities for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. We make sales in countries known to experience corruption. Our sales activities in such countries create the risk of an unauthorized payments or offers of payments by one of our employees, consultants, sales agents or distributors which could be in violation of various laws including the FCPA, even though such parties are not always subject to our control. We have implemented new policies and procedures to prevent losses from such practices and to discourage such practices by our employees, consultants, sales agents and distributors and are continuing our efforts to improve such policies and procedures. However, our existing safeguards and any improvements may prove to be less than effective and our employees, consultants, sales agents or distributors may engage in conduct for which we might be held responsible. Violations of the FCPA may result in severe criminal or civil sanctions, and we may be subject to other liabilities, which could negatively affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
The loss of “Normal Trade Relation” status for China, changes in current tariff structures or adoption of other trade policies adverse to China could have an adverse effect on our business.
Our ability to import products from China at current tariff levels could be materially and adversely affected if the “normal trade relations” (“NTR”, formerly “most favored nation”) status the United States government has granted to China for trade and tariff purposes is terminated. As a result of its NTR status, China receives the same favorable tariff treatment that the United States extends to its other “normal” trading partners. China’s NTR status, coupled with its membership in the World Trade Organization, could eventually reduce barriers to manufacturing products in and exporting products from China. However, we cannot provide any assurance that China’s membership in the World Trade Organization or NTR status will not change. As a result of opposition to certain policies of the Chinese government and China’s growing trade surpluses with the United States, there has been, and in the future may be, opposition to NTR status for China. Also, the imposition of trade sanctions by the United States or the European Union against a class of products imported by us from, or the loss of NTR status with, China, could significantly increase our cost of products imported into the United States or Europe and harm our business. Because of the importance of our international sales and international sourcing of manufacturing to our business, our financial condition and results of operations could be significantly and adversely affected if any of the risks described above were to occur.
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The government of China may change or even reverse its policies of promoting private industry and foreign investment, in which case our assets and operations may be at risk.
We currently manufacture and sell a significant portion of our components and products in China. Our existing and planned operations in China are subject to the general risks of doing business internationally and the specific risks related to the business, economic and political conditions in China, which include the possibility that the central government of China will change or even reverse its policies of promoting private industry and foreign investment in China. Many of the current reforms which support private business in China are unprecedented or experimental. Other political, economic and social factors, such as political changes, changes in the rates of economic growth, unemployment or inflation, or in the disparities of per capita wealth among citizens of China and between regions within China, could also lead to further readjustment of the government’s reform measures. It is not possible to predict whether the Chinese government will continue to be as supportive of private business in China, nor is it possible to predict how future reforms will affect our business.
Any failure to adequately protect and enforce our intellectual property rights could harm our business.
We regard our intellectual property as critical to our success. We rely on a combination of patent, trademark, copyright, trade secret laws and non-disclosure agreements and confidentiality procedures to protect our proprietary rights. Notwithstanding these laws, we may be unsuccessful in protecting our intellectual property rights or in obtaining patents or registered trademarks for which we apply. Although processes are in place to protect our intellectual property rights, we cannot guarantee that these procedures are adequate to prevent misappropriation of our current technology or that our competitors will not develop technology that is similar to our own.
While there is no single patent or license to technology of material significance to the Company, our ability to compete is affected by our ability to protect our intellectual property rights in general. For example, we have a collection of patents related to our photoionization detector technology, the first of which expires in 2012, and our ability to compete may be affected by any competing similar or new technology. In addition, if we lose the licensing rights to a patented or other proprietary technology, we may need to stop selling products incorporating that technology and possibly other products, redesign our products or lose a competitive advantage. We cannot ensure that our future patent applications will be approved or that our current patents will not be challenged by third parties. Furthermore, we cannot ensure that, if challenged, our patents will be found to be valid and enforceable. Any litigation relating to our intellectual property rights could, regardless of the outcome, have a material adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
We may face intellectual property infringement claims that might be costly to resolve and affect our results of operations.
In connection with the enforcement of our own intellectual property rights, the acquisition of third-party intellectual property rights or disputes relating to the validity or alleged infringement of third-party rights, including patent rights, we have been, are currently and may in the future be subject to claims, negotiations or complex, protracted litigation. Intellectual property disputes and litigation are typically very costly and can be disruptive to our business operations by diverting the attention and energies of management and key technical personnel. Although we have successfully defended or resolved past litigation and disputes, we may not prevail in any ongoing or future litigation and disputes. We may incur significant costs in acquiring the necessary third party intellectual property rights for use in our products. Third party intellectual property disputes could subject us to significant liabilities, require us to enter into royalty and licensing arrangements on less favorable terms, prevent us from manufacturing or licensing certain of our products, cause severe disruptions to our operations or the markets in which we compete, or require us to satisfy indemnification commitments with our customers including contractual provisions under various license arrangements, any one of which could seriously harm our business. For example, for the last several years we have been involved in a dispute with Polimaster Ltd. which required us to incur substantial professional fees. Although we ultimately prevailed, it is uncertain whether we will be able to recover any of the amounts awarded to us.
Claims of this type, regardless of merit, can be time-consuming to defend, result in costly litigation, divert management’s attention and resources or require us to enter into royalty or license agreements. The terms of any
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such license agreements may not be available on reasonable terms, if at all, and the assertion or prosecution of any infringement claims could significantly harm our business.
Some of our products may be subject to product liability claims which could be costly to resolve and affect our results of operations.
There can be no assurance that we will not be subject to third-party claims in connection with our products or that any indemnification or insurance available to us will be adequate to protect us from liability. A product liability claim, product recall or other claim, as well as any claims for uninsured liabilities or in excess of insured liabilities, could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
We sell a majority of our products through distributors, and if our distributors stop selling our products, our revenues would suffer.
We distribute our products in the Americas primarily through distributors. We are dependent upon these distributors to sell our products and to assist us in promoting and creating a demand for our products. Distributors are an important sales channel for our future growth. If one or more of our distributors were to experience financial difficulties or become unwilling to promote and sell our products for any reason, including any refusal to renew their commitment as our distributor, we might not be able to replace such lost revenue, and our business and results of operations could be materially harmed.
Because we purchase a significant portion of our component parts from a limited number of third party suppliers, we are subject to the risk that we may be unable to acquire quality components in a timely manner, which could result in delays of product shipments and damage our business and operating results.
We currently purchase component parts used in the manufacture of our products from a limited number of third party suppliers. We depend on these suppliers to meet our needs for various sensors, microprocessors and other material components. Moreover, we depend on the quality of the products supplied to us over which we have limited control. Should we encounter shortages and delays in obtaining components, we might not be able to supply products in a timely manner due to a lack of components, and our business could be adversely affected.
Future acquisitions that we undertake could be difficult to integrate, disrupt our business, dilute shareholder value or harm our results of operations.
In the last several years, we increased our ownership of RAE Beijing to 96%, acquired Aegison Corporation and Tianjin Securay Technology Co., Ltd. and formed RAE Fushun. In August 2007, we determined to discontinue the Aegison and Securay businesses. We may acquire or make additional investments in complementary businesses, technologies, services or products if appropriate opportunities arise. The process of integrating any acquired business, technology, service or product into our business and operations may result in unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures. Integration of an acquired company also may consume much of our management’s time and attention that would otherwise be available for ongoing development of our business. Moreover, the anticipated benefits of any acquisition may not be realized. Future acquisitions could result in dilutive issuances of equity securities or the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities or expenses related to goodwill recognition and other intangible assets, any of which could harm our business.
Our ownership interest in Renex will cause us to incur losses that we would not otherwise incur.
We currently own approximately 40% of Renex Technology Ltd. (“Renex”), a wireless systems company. We are required to incorporate our share of its expenses as losses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations. If Renex does not begin to generate revenues at the level we anticipate or otherwise incurs greater losses, we could incur greater losses than we anticipate and our results of operations will suffer.
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Our business could suffer if we lose the services of any of our executive officers.
Our future success depends to a significant extent on the continued service of our executive officers. We have no formal employment agreements with any of our executives other than the initial offer letter, if applicable. The loss of the services of any of our executive officers could harm our business. We do not have key person life insurance on any of our personnel.
Our officers and directors beneficially own approximately 33% of our common stock and, accordingly, may exert substantial influence over the Company.
Our executive officers and directors, in the aggregate, beneficially own approximately 33% of our common stock as of December 31, 2008. These stockholders acting together have the ability to substantially influence all matters requiring approval by our stockholders. These matters include the election and removal of the directors, amendment of our certificate of incorporation, and any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. In addition, they may dictate the management of our business and affairs. Furthermore, this concentration of ownership could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, or impeding a merger or consolidation, takeover or other business combination and may substantially reduce the marketability of our common stock.
ITEM 1B. | UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS |
None.
ITEM 2. | PROPERTIES |
Our corporate headquarters and principal offices are located in a facility we lease in San Jose, California. The San Jose facility consists of approximately 67,000 square feet, which we have occupied since May 2005, and which includes research and development, sales and marketing, general and administrative and manufacturing operations. The lease expires in December 2017.
We lease manufacturing and research and development facilities in Shanghai, China. The lease on the manufacturing facility (44,000 square feet) expires in September 2014 and contains an option, subject to local government approval, to purchase the property. The lease on the research and development/sensor laboratory (17,000 square feet) expires in October 2009.
In December 2008, we purchased the land use rights for 50 years to 14.8 acres of land in Shanghai. We plan to use this site to construct a new manufacturing and research and development facility, which would replace our current Shanghai facility.
In addition, RAE Beijing owns a manufacturing facility consisting of approximately 106,000 square feet, of which 41,000 square feet is dedicated to the manufacturing of RAE Beijing’s products and the storage of the inventory.
In October 2008, we relocated our operations to a new owner occupied 239,000 square foot manufacturing facility in Fushun, China. Related offices, a research and development facility and living quarters totaling 152,000 square feet are planned but have not been completed at this time.
We maintain a sales office in Shatin, Hong Kong, from which we sell our products throughout Asia, excluding the People’s Republic of China. The lease expires in April 2011. We also maintain sales and service centers in Copenhagen, Denmark, the United Kingdom, France and United Arab Emirates, from which we sell our products to Europe, Australia, New Zealand, the Middle East and Africa. The new lease of the Copenhagen facility expires in September 2014.
We abandoned a leased facility in Sunnyvale, California of approximately 25,000 square feet in May 2005 that served as our former corporate headquarters and United States manufacturing facility. The lease for the abandoned facility expires in October 2009. The facility is currently subleased.
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ITEM 3. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS |
Regulatory Compliance
During fiscal year 2008, our internal audit department identified certain payments and gifts made by certain personnel in our China operations that may have violated the FCPA. Following this discovery, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors initiated an independent investigation. We have made a voluntary disclosure to the DOJ and the SEC regarding the results of our investigation. We have also implemented additional policies and controls with respect to compliance with the FCPA. The FCPA and related statutes and regulations provide for potential monetary penalties, criminal sanctions and in some cases debarment from doing business with the U.S. federal government in connection with FCPA violations. We are cooperating with the DOJ and the SEC in connection with their review of the matter and are seeking to achieve a negotiated resolution of all matters pertaining to the transactions in question. However, the final outcome of this or any future government investigation cannot be predicted with certainty and any indictment, conviction or material fine, debarment or settlement arising out of these investigations could have a material adverse affect on our business, financial condition, results of operation and future prospects.
Polimaster Ltd., et al. v. RAE Systems Inc., United States District Court for the Northern District of California, CaseNo. 05-CV-01887-JF, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit,No. 08-15708.
Polimaster Ltd. and Na&Se Trading Company, Ltd. (“Polimaster”) filed a complaint against the Company on May 9, 2005, in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California in a case titled Polimaster Ltd., et al. v. RAE Systems Inc. (CaseNo. 05-CV-01887-JF). The complaint alleges, among other things, that the Company breached its contract with Polimaster and infringed upon Polimaster’s intellectual property rights. The dispute was subject to a contractual arbitration agreement, although the federal court retained jurisdiction over the matter pending completion of the arbitration. The arbitration was conducted in the spring of 2007.
In September 2007, a Final Award was issued in the arbitration. The arbitrator ruled that Polimaster failed to prove its claims and was not entitled to any relief; that the Company had proven its counterclaims and was awarded damages of approximately $2.4 million; and that as the prevailing party, the Company was entitled to recover costs in the amount of $46,000. On October 5, 2007, RAE Systems filed a motion to confirm the Final Award. On October 17, 2007, Polimaster filed an opposition to RAE’s motion to confirm the Final Award and filed its own motion to vacate the Final Award. Both motions were heard on December 7, 2007, and the district court confirmed the Final Award in an order dated February 25, 2008. The district court entered judgment in favor of RAE and against Polimaster on January 23, 2009. Although the Company has been awarded damages, attorney’s fees and costs, at this time, the Company is unable to determine whether it will be able to collect these amounts due to uncertainty regarding Polimaster’s financial condition and other factors.
Polimaster has appealed the portion of the District Court’s order confirming the arbitration award pertaining to the award of damages and costs to the Company in connection with its counterclaims, and the appeal is currently pending in the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Briefing on the appeal has been completed by both sides. Oral argument has not been scheduled at this time.
Notwithstanding the Polimaster proceeding described above, from time to time, the Company is engaged in various legal proceedings incidental to its normal business activities. Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company believes the final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
ITEM 4. | SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS |
None.
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PART II
ITEM 5. | MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
Our common stock traded on the American Stock Exchange (“AMEX”) under the trading symbol “RAE” beginning on August 29, 2003. Effective October 1, 2008, the AMEX was acquired by NYSE Euronext, the holding company created by the combination of NYSE Group, Inc. and Euronext N.V. in April 2007. Since October 1, 2008, our common stock has traded on the NYSE Alternext US (“NYSE-Alt”). The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales prices for our common stock as derived from publicly reported AMEX and NYSE-Alt daily trading data. The quotations do not reflect adjustments for retailmark-ups, mark-downs, or commissions and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
High | Low | High | Low | |||||||||||||
First Quarter | $ | 2.81 | $ | 1.07 | $ | 3.75 | $ | 2.52 | ||||||||
Second Quarter | $ | 1.92 | $ | 1.30 | $ | 2.95 | $ | 2.23 | ||||||||
Third Quarter | $ | 2.18 | $ | 1.03 | $ | 3.35 | $ | 1.90 | ||||||||
Fourth Quarter | $ | 1.72 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 3.68 | $ | 2.40 |
As of December 31, 2008, there were 276 shareholders of record who held shares of our common stock.
We have never declared or paid dividends on our common stock and currently do not intend to pay dividends in the foreseeable future so that we may reinvest our earnings in the development of our business. The payment of dividends in the future will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors.
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PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The following chart presents a comparative analysis of the stock performance of our common stock relative to the AMEX Composite and AMEX stock for SIC codes3800-3899 Measuring Instruments indexes. This analysis assumes a $100 investment in our underlying common stock and these indexes on December 31, 2003 through December 31, 2008. This analysis does not purport to be a representation of the actual market performance of our stock or these indexes. This chart has been provided for informational purposes to assist the reader in evaluating the market performance of our common stock compared to other market participants.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in our previous filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which might incorporate future filings made by us under those statutes, the following Stock Performance Graph will not be deemed incorporated by reference into any future filings made by us under those statutes.
COMPARISON OF 5 YEAR CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN*
Among RAE Systems Inc., the AMEX Composite Index, the Amex Stock Market (U.S. Companies),
and a Peer Group of AMEX stocks for SIC codes 3800 — 3899 Measuring Instruments
(photo, med & optical goods)
Among RAE Systems Inc., the AMEX Composite Index, the Amex Stock Market (U.S. Companies),
and a Peer Group of AMEX stocks for SIC codes 3800 — 3899 Measuring Instruments
(photo, med & optical goods)
Comparison of 5 Year Cumulative Total Return
Assumes Initial Investment of $100
December 2008
* | $ 100 invested on 12/31/03 in stock or index-including reinvestment of dividends. |
Fiscal year ending December 31,
2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
RAE Systems, Inc. | 100.00 | 214.71 | 103.24 | 94.12 | 79.41 | 15.88 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
AMEX Composite | 100.00 | 125.53 | 158.38 | 189.84 | 228.22 | 132.38 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
AMEX Stock Market (US Companies) | 100.00 | 115.54 | 125.04 | 145.10 | 150.40 | 96.04 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peer Group | 100.00 | 102.77 | 80.72 | 80.49 | 62.78 | 33.90 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Effective October 1, 2008, the AMEX was acquired by NYSE Euronext, the holding company created by the combination of NYSE Group, Inc. and Euronext N.V. in April 2007. Since October 1, 2008, our common stock has traded on the NYSE Alternext US (“NYSE-Alt”). Although the AMEX is now formally known as the NYSE-Alt, our understanding is that in common usage the related indexes continue to be known by their former names.
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ITEM 6. | SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA |
The selected consolidated financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, the Consolidated Financial Statements of RAE Systems Inc. and Notes thereto, and other financial information included elsewhere in thisForm 10-K. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for future periods.
2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | |||||||||||||||||
2008 | (1)(2)(3) | (4)(5)(6)(7) | (8) | (9)(10) | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except share and per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 95,383 | $ | 90,836 | $ | 67,721 | $ | 60,293 | $ | 45,540 | ||||||||||
Gross profit | $ | 48,215 | $ | 46,408 | $ | 35,523 | $ | 35,603 | $ | 27,023 | ||||||||||
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | (6,089 | ) | $ | (4,171 | ) | $ | (2,871 | ) | $ | (1,588 | ) | $ | 3,514 | ||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations | $ | (7,163 | ) | $ | (10,542 | ) | $ | (1,369 | ) | $ | (759 | ) | $ | 2,335 | ||||||
Basic income (loss) per share from continuing operations | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.18 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.04 | ||||||
Diluted income (loss) per share from continuing operations | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.18 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.04 | ||||||
Weighted-average common shares: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Basic outstanding shares | 59,204,262 | 58,852,172 | 58,424,970 | 57,687,714 | 55,809,638 | |||||||||||||||
Diluted outstanding shares | 59,204,262 | 58,852,172 | 58,424,970 | 57,687,714 | 60,135,692 | |||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Working capital | $ | 37,146 | $ | 40,850 | $ | 36,641 | $ | 41,366 | $ | 38,857 | ||||||||||
Total assets | $ | 81,175 | $ | 85,343 | $ | 89,753 | $ | 76,264 | $ | 69,115 | ||||||||||
Long-term liabilities | $ | 8,358 | $ | 10,442 | $ | 5,441 | $ | 2,962 | $ | 1,645 | ||||||||||
Total shareholders’ equity | $ | 43,216 | $ | 46,356 | $ | 56,179 | $ | 54,573 | $ | 52,189 |
The following information summarizes events that affect comparability of the information reflected in selected financial data:
(1) | In January 2007, the Company entered into an agreement to purchase the intellectual properties of Tianjin Securay Technology Ltd. Co. for approximately $1.5 million. Including transactions entered into during fiscal 2006, the total purchase price was $2.0 million in cash. | |
(2) | In August 2007, the Board of Directors approved the discontinuation of the Company’s DVR business. Impairment expenses recognized in fiscal 2007 totaled $4.2 million. | |
(3) | In December 2007, the Company sold its headquarters building in San Jose, California for $12.7 million and leased back the facility for a period of 10 years. The Company recognized a gain on sale of $0.4 million in 2007 and recorded a deferred gain of $6.3 million. The deferred gain will be recognized in income straight-line over the life of the leaseback beginning in January 2008. | |
(4) | RAE Fushun joint venture was formed in December 2006. The fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed were included in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2006. There were no operating activities recorded in 2006. | |
(5) | The Company purchased an additional 32% ownership in RAE Beijing in July 2006. The Company has consolidated RAE Beijing since 2004. With the purchase in July 2006, minority shareholder’s interest was reduced to 4%. | |
(6) | In July 2006, the Company purchased Aegison Corporation. The fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed were included in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2006. | |
(7) | As of December 31, 2006, the Company was in the process of acquiring Securay. The Company recorded $820,000 of acquisition in progress as of December 31, 2006. |
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(8) | During the second quarter of 2005, the Company abandoned its leased facility in Sunnyvale California and moved to a new headquarters and U.S. manufacturing facility. As a result, the Company took a before-tax charge of approximately $2.0 million for abandonment of its lease in the second quarter of 2005. | |
(9) | The Company purchased 64% of ownership in RAE Beijing in May 2004. The fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed were included in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2004. Seven months of operating activities were recorded in the consolidated statement of operations in 2004. | |
(10) | In January 2004, the Company closed its public offering of 8,050,000 shares of its common stock at $4.25 share, less the applicable underwriting discount. The net proceeds were approximately $31.8 million. |
ITEM 7. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-looking statements. In some cases, readers can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” or “continue.” These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from those stated herein. Factors that might cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” as well as in Item 1, “Business” and Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Annual Report onForm 10-K. You should carefully review these risks and also review the risks described in other documents we file from time to time with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the Quarterly Reports onForm 10-Q that we will file in fiscal year 2009. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, and we expressly assume no obligations to update the forward-looking statements in this report that occur after the date hereof.
Overview
We are a leader in delivering innovative sensor solutions to serve industrial, energy, environmental and government safety markets worldwide. In addition, we offer a full line of portable single and multi-sensor chemical and radiation detection products. The market for our products has evolved from being strictly focused on environmental and industrial monitoring to now encompassing the public safety and energy markets. We have expanded our presence to include the broader global energy exploration and refining safety equipment market. With the formation of RAE Fushun, we are serving the coal mine safety equipment market in China.
In 2006, we made two investments in China. First in July 2006, we increased our ownership in RAE Beijing to 96 percent. RAE Beijing produces, sells and distributes safety and security solutions for the chemical, oil and gas, metals and energy sectors in China. Second, in December 2006, we formed RAE Fushun, from Fushun Anyi, a former state owned company serving the coal mine safety market. This joint venture was formed to capitalize on China’s growing reliance on coal based energy. RAE Fushun manufactures and sells coal mine safety equipment. RAE Systems owns 70 percent of the joint venture.
In India and the Middle East we have regional sales managers to grow our presence in these two emerging markets. In China, our focus is on growing the environmental protection market and the industrial sector, including oil and gas, petro-chemicals, steel, certain telecom applications and coal mining. A major priority will be to introduce new products for the coal mine safety market through RAE Fushun. We believe this market will provide us a number of exciting new business opportunities, as China continues to modernize its coal mining industry.
In 2008, we introduced eight new products. We now offer a complete line of products to serve the needs of the global energy market. Products range from breathing zone single sensor products for specific toxic chemicals (ToxiRAE 3) to belt worn multi-gas monitors (QRAE 2) to handheld instruments (MiniRAE 3000, ppbRAE 3000 and UltraRAE) to measure total and specific volatile organic compounds, to wireless monitors for industrial and public safety applications (AreaRAE Steel and MeshGuard).
In all of our markets we will continue to explore and develop strategic value added partnerships, to leverage our product and market expertise.
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Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we evaluate the estimates, including those related to our allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation of goodwill and intangible assets, investments, valuation of deferred tax assets, restructuring costs, contingencies, inventory valuation, warranty accrual and stock-based compensation expense. In conjunction with acquisitions, we allocate investment costs based on the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments or estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
We recognize revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. A provision for estimated product returns is established at the time of sale based upon historical return rates adjusted for current economic conditions. Historically, we have experienced an insignificant amount of sales returns. We generally recognize revenue when goods are shipped to our distributors in accordance with standard contract terms that pass title of all goods upon delivery to a common carrier (FOB factory) and provides for sales returns under standard product warranty provisions. For non-standard contract terms where title to goods passes at time of delivery (FOB destination), revenue is recognized after we have established proof of delivery. Revenues relating to services performed under our extended warranty program represent less than 5% of net revenues in each of 2008, 2007 and 2006 and are recognized as earned based upon contract terms, generally ratable over the term of service. We record project installation work in Asia using the percentage-of-completion method. Installation revenue represents less than 5% of net revenue in 2008, 2007 and 2006. Net revenues include amounts billed to customers in sales transactions for shipping and handling, as prescribed by the Emerging Issues Task Force Issue (“EITF”)No. 00-10,“Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs”. Shipping fees represent less than 1% of net revenues in each of 2008, 2007 and 2006. Shipping costs are included in cost of goods sold.
Accounts Receivable, Trade Notes Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We grant credit to our customers after undertaking an investigation of credit risk for all significant amounts. An allowance for doubtful accounts is provided for estimated credit losses at a level deemed appropriate to adequately provide for known and inherent risks related to such amounts. The allowance is based on reviews of loss, adjustments history, current economic conditions and other factors that deserve recognition in estimating potential losses. We generally do not require collateral for sales on credit. While management uses the best information available in making our determination, the ultimate recovery of recorded accounts receivable is also dependent upon future economic and other conditions that may be beyond management’s control. If there was a deterioration of a major customer’s credit-worthiness or if actual defaults were higher than what have been experienced historically, additional allowances would be required.
We are not able to predict changes in the financial stability of our customers. Any material change in the financial status of any one or a group of customers could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
Trade notes receivables are presented to us from some of our customers in China as a payment against the outstanding trade receivables. These notes receivables are bank guarantee promissory notes which are non-interest bearing and generally mature within 6 months.
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Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost, using thefirst-in, first-out method, or market. We are exposed to a number of economic and industry factors that could result in portions of our inventory becoming either obsolete or in excess of anticipated usage, or saleable only for amounts that are less than their carrying amounts. These factors include, but are not limited to, technological changes in the market, competitive pressures in products and prices, and the availability of key components from our suppliers. We have established inventory reserves when conditions exist that suggest that our inventory may be in excess of anticipated demand or is obsolete based upon assumptions about future demand for our products and market conditions. When recorded, reserves are intended to reduce the carrying value of the inventory to its net realizable value. If actual demand for specified products deteriorates, or market conditions are less favorable than those projected, additional reserves may be required.
Goodwill
We test goodwill for possible impairment on an annual basis and at any other time if events occur or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable. Our impairment review process compares the fair value of the goodwill to the carrying value according to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 142“Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”(“SFAS 142”). We have one reporting unit and have tested goodwill for impairment on the basis of a single reporting unit.
The determination as to whether a write down of goodwill is necessary involves significant judgment based on our short-term and long-term projections of the future performance. The assumptions supporting our estimated future performances includes factors related to estimating the market value based on our market capitalization at the measurement dates.
Long-lived Assets
We test long-lived asset groups for recoverability when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Recoverability is assessed based on the carrying amounts of the asset and its fair value which is generally determined based on the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and the eventual disposal of the asset, as well as specific appraisals in certain instances. An impairment loss is recognized when the carrying amount is not recoverable and exceeds fair value.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 (Revised 2004),“Share-Based Payment”(“SFAS 123(R)”), where the fair value of each option is adjusted to reflect only those shares that are expected to vest.
We made the following estimates and assumptions in determining fair value:
Valuation and amortization method — We estimate the fair value of stock options granted using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing formula and a single option award approach. This fair value is then amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods of the awards, which is generally the vesting period.
Expected Term ��� Our expected term represents the weighted-average period that our stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. Prior to 2007, we applied the “Simplified Method” as defined in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107. From the first quarter of 2007, we have used the historical exercise patterns of previously granted options in relation to the Company’s stock price to estimate expected exercise patterns.
Expected Volatility — The Company’s expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock, adjusted where determined by management for unusual and non-representative stock price activity not expected to recur.
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Expected Dividend — The Black-Scholes-Merton valuation model calls for a single expected dividend yield as an input. The Company currently pays no dividends and does not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
Risk-Free Interest Rate — The Company bases the risk-free interest rate on the implied yield currently available on United States Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term.
Estimated Forfeitures — To estimate forfeitures, we apply our historical rate of option forfeitures. Estimated forfeiture rates aretrued-up to actual forfeiture results as the stock-based awards vest.
Business Combinations
In accordance with SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141”), we allocate the purchase price of acquired companies to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their estimated fair values. We engage third-party appraisal firms to assist management in determining the fair values of certain assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Such a valuation requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets.
Management makes estimates of fair value based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable. These estimates are based on historical experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired companies and are inherently uncertain. Critical estimates in valuing certain of the intangible assets include but are not limited to: future expected cash flows from customer contracts, acquired developed technologies and pending patents; expected costs to develop the in-process research and development into commercially viable products and estimating cash flows from the projects when completed; the acquired company’s brand awareness and market position, as well as assumptions about the period of time the acquired brand will continue to be used in the combined company’s product portfolio; and discount rates. Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur which may affect the accuracy or validity of such assumptions, estimates or actual results.
Income Taxes
We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Significant judgment is required in evaluating our tax positions and determining our provision for income taxes.
Our effective tax rates differ from the statutory rate primarily due to foreign earnings taxed at lower rates, foreign losses not benefited, stock compensation expenses under SFAS 123(R) which are not deductible for tax purposes and valuation allowance. Our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated in countries where we have higher statutory rates, by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, or by changes in tax laws, regulations, accounting principles, or interpretations thereof. We regularly assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from tax examinations to determine the adequacy of our provision for income taxes.
Significant judgment is also required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, we consider all available evidence including past operating results, estimates of future taxable income, and the feasibility of tax planning strategies. In the event that we change our determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, we will adjust our valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to the provision for income taxes in the period in which such determination is made.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Net Sales
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 95,383 | $ | 90,836 | $ | 4,547 | 5 | % | $ | 90,836 | $ | 67,721 | $ | 23,115 | 34 | % |
Net sales for 2008 increased $4.5 million or 5% from $90.8 million in 2007. The increase was primarily the result of an increase in net sales of $1.4 million and $3.8 million in the Americas and Europe, respectively, offset by a decrease of net sales in Asia by $0.7 million. Approximately $4.2 million of the total increase was due to the
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appreciation of the Renminbi (“RMB”) and Euro against the U.S. dollar from 2007 to 2008. The remainder of the increase was mainly due to a $3.5 million contract with the United States National Guard for AreaRAE wireless Rapid Deployment Kits to equip all Civil Support Teams throughout the United States and its territories and increases in sales for new products such as QRAE II, ToxiRAE III, 3 G PID and AreaRAE mainly in Europe, offset by a volume decline in China from mine safety equipment sales and a general sales slow down following the Beijing Olympics in the second half of 2008.
Net sales for 2007 increased $23.1 million or 34% from $67.7 million in 2006. The increase was primarily the result of an increase in net sales of $11.8 million from the acquisition of RAE Fushun in December 2006 and an increase in net sales of $4.2 million in the Americas, $2.8 million in Europe and $4.3 million in the rest of Asia excluding Fushun. The increase in revenue was primarily due to overall greater market penetration by the sales team, which led to higher government orders in the United States and larger sales to oil and steel industries in China.
Cost of Sales and Gross Profit
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of sales | $ | 47,168 | $ | 44,428 | $ | 2,740 | 6 | % | $ | 44,428 | $ | 32,198 | $ | 12,230 | 38 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Gross profit | $ | 48,215 | $ | 46,408 | $ | 1,807 | 4 | % | $ | 46,408 | $ | 35,523 | $ | 10,885 | 31 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Gross margin | 51 | % | 51 | % | 51 | % | 52 | % |
Cost of sales consists of direct material, labor and overhead. Stock-based compensation expenses under SFAS 123(R) are included in direct labor costs. Cost of sales in 2008 increased $2.7 million or 6% from $44.4 million in 2007. The increase in cost of sales was primarily the result of an increase in net sales from $90.8 million in 2007 to $95.4 million in 2008. Gross margin in 2008 remained consistent with 2007 at 51%.
Cost of sales in 2007 increased $12.2 million or 38% from $32.2 million in 2006. The increase in cost of sales was primarily the result of an increase in net sales from $67.7 million in 2006 to $90.8 million in 2007. Gross profit in 2007 increased $10.9 million or 31% from $35.5 million in 2006. Gross margin decreased slightly in 2007 to 51% from 52% in 2006 due primarily to the acquisition of RAE Fushun in December 2006, which has a lower gross margin due to older technology products and being a new operation.
Sales and Marketing Expense
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | $ | 21,427 | $ | 25,434 | $ | (4,007 | ) | (16 | )% | $ | 25,434 | $ | 18,987 | $ | 6,447 | 34 | % | |||||||||||||||
Percentage of net sales | 22 | % | 28 | % | 28 | % | 28 | % |
Sales and marketing expenses in 2008 decreased $4.0 million or 16% from $25.4 million in 2007. The decrease was primarily due to company-wide cost-control initiatives and ten percent reduction in force primarily in the Americas that were put in place at the end of the first quarter of 2008. Additional savings were realized by decreases in office expenses, advertising and trade show expenses, travel and entertainment expenses, consultant expenses and project expenses.
Sales and marketing expenses in 2007 increased $6.4 million or 34% from $19.0 million in 2006. The increase was primarily due to a $1.9 million increase in payroll and benefit related expenses, as a result of 13 headcount increases in all regions and 85 headcount increases from the acquisition of RAE Fushun in December 2006, as well as $1.9 million of increased travel and entertainment expenses and $1.5 million of increased office and facility expenses. In addition, commission expenses increased by $0.9 million reflecting an increase in revenue. Amortization of intangible increased by $0.3 million primarily as a result of the acquisition of the customer list in connection with the acquisition of RAE Fushun.
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Research and Development Expense
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Research and development | $ | 6,665 | $ | 7,973 | $ | (1,308 | ) | (16 | )% | $ | 7,973 | $ | 6,075 | $ | 1,898 | 31 | % | |||||||||||||||
Percentage of net sales | 7 | % | 9 | % | 9 | % | 9 | % |
Research and development expenses in 2008 decreased $1.3 million or 16% from $8.0 million in 2007. The decrease was primarily due to a $0.7 million decrease in amortization expense as certain intangible assets were fully amortized and a $0.7 million decrease in project expenses due to completion of certain R&D projects in 2008.
Research and development expenses in 2007 increased $1.9 million or 31% from $6.1 million in 2006. The increase was primarily due to a $0.7 million increase in payroll and benefit related expenses, as a result of headcount increases in China, and from the acquisition of RAE Fushun in December 2006, as well as $0.1 million increase in office and travel expenses. Project expenses increased by $0.5 million mainly due to increases in product certifications and testing expenses and additional projects from the formation of RAE Fushun as well as new projects related to future products in other regions. We also impaired certain patents of approximately $0.6 million in China as related products had reached end of life and were discontinued.
General and Administrative Expense
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative | $ | 22,864 | $ | 17,767 | $ | 5,097 | 29 | % | $ | 17,767 | $ | 13,332 | $ | 4,435 | 33 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Percentage of net sales | 24 | % | 20 | % | 20 | % | 20 | % |
General and administrative expenses in 2008 increased $5.1 million or 29% from $17.8 in 2007. The increase was primarily due to a net increase of $2.5 million in professional service expenses. The charge was comprised of $4.0 million increase related to a previously disclosed FCPA investigation and related remediation plans conducted under the supervision of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, offset by a decrease in legal costs associated with the conclusion of the Polimaster arbitration in 2007. Bad debt expenses increased by $1.4 million due to an increase in accounts receivable reserves at RAE Fushun and RAE Beijing.
General and administrative expenses in 2007 increased $4.4 million or 33% from $13.3 million in 2006. The increase was primarily due to a $2.0 million increase in payroll and benefit related expenses, as a result of headcount increases in all regions, and from the formation of RAE Fushun in December 2006, as well as $0.8 million increase in office and facility expenses and $0.2 million increase in travel expenses. The increase of $1.7 million in professional fees is primarily comprised of $1.3 million increase in legal costs associated with the Polimaster arbitration, $0.8 million increase in accounting and tax services related to the international nature of our business, offset by $0.4 million decrease in consulting fees where permanent positions have replaced consultants. The increase in general and administrative expenses is offset by a $0.4 million gain recognized as a result of the sale and leaseback of our San Jose Headquarters building in December 2007.
Impairment of Goodwill
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Impairment of goodwill | $ | 3,348 | $ | — | $ | 3,348 | 100 | % | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | 0 | % | ||||||||||||||||
Percentage of net sales | 4 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % | 0 | % |
We review goodwill for impairment annually during the fourth quarter or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that an impairment loss may have occurred. Recoverability of goodwill is measured at the reporting unit level by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount, including goodwill, to the fair value of the reporting unit, which is measured based upon, among other factors, market capitalization as well as forecasted operating results. We have one reporting unit. If the recorded value of the assets, including goodwill, and liabilities
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(“net book value”) of our reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss may exist. Further, to the extent our net book value as a whole is greater than our market capitalization, all, or a significant portion of our goodwill may be considered impaired. We experienced a significant decline in market capitalization during the fourth quarter of 2008. This decline in market capitalization was driven largely by deteriorating macroeconomic conditions that contributed to a decline in our forecasted operating results and business uncertainties associated with the current FCPA investigation. As a result, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of approximately $3.3 million for the three-month period and year ended December 31, 2008 to write-off the entire carrying value of our goodwill.
Gain/loss on Abandonment of Lease
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Gain) loss on abandonment of lease | $ | — | $ | (595 | ) | $ | 595 | 100 | % | $ | (595 | ) | $ | — | $ | (595 | ) | 100 | % | |||||||||||||
Percentage of net sales | 0 | % | (1 | )% | (1 | )% | 0 | % |
Income on abandonment of lease in 2007 was $0.6 million. In March 2007, we revised the estimated loss on abandonment of the lease related to our former headquarters in Sunnyvale, California and reduced operating expenses by $0.6 million. The change in estimate primarily reflected management’s expectation that the premises would be subleased under current market conditions for office rentals. During the second quarter of 2007, a sublease was executed with rents commencing in June.
Other Income (Expense)
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income | $ | 173 | $ | 162 | $ | 11 | 7 | % | $ | 162 | $ | 782 | $ | (620 | ) | (79 | )% | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense | (397 | ) | (705 | ) | 308 | (44 | )% | (705 | ) | (249 | ) | (456 | ) | 183 | % | |||||||||||||||||
Other, net | (575 | ) | 58 | (633 | ) | (1091 | )% | 58 | 232 | (174 | ) | (75 | )% | |||||||||||||||||||
Total other income (expense) | $ | (799 | ) | $ | (485 | ) | $ | (314 | ) | 65 | % | $ | (485 | ) | $ | 765 | $ | (1,250 | ) | (163 | )% | |||||||||||
For 2008, total other expenses increased $0.3 million or 65% from $0.5 million in 2007. The increase was primarily due to increases in foreign exchange losses from balances and payments in Euro and RMB, offset by decreases in interest expenses as we repaid our outstanding loan balance using funds from sale of the San Jose building.
For 2007, total other income decreased $1.3 million or 163% from $0.8 million in 2006. The decrease was primarily the result of lower interest income as we made substantial investments in RAE Fushun, Securay and Aegison Corporation during the second half of 2006 and through 2007. In addition, interest expenses increased by $0.5 million due to short term bank borrowings in the U.S. and China to support operations. Other income decreased by $0.2 million mainly due to realized foreign exchange loss from payments to Fushun shareholders in 2007.
Income Tax Benefit (Expense)
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 538 | $ | 5,883 | $ | (5,345 | ) | (91 | )% | $ | 5,883 | $ | (882 | ) | $ | 6,765 | (767 | )% | ||||||||||||||
Effective tax rate | 8 | % | 53 | % | 53 | % | (38 | )% |
Income tax expense decreased $5.3 million or -91% from an income tax expense of $5.9 million in 2007. Our effective tax rate was 9% in 2008 and 53% in 2007. The tax rate for years 2008 and 2007 differed from United States statutory rate due to change in the realization of our deferred tax assets (DTAs), foreign earnings taxed at lower rates, foreign losses not benefited and non-deductible stock compensation deductions under SFAS 123 and SFAS 123(R).
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We currently have significant deferred tax assets resulting from anticipated net operating losses and other deductible temporary differences, which will reduce taxable income in future periods. We continue to maintain a full valuation allowance for all deferred assets except for $0.5 million related to foreign entities. Based on our current projections, we believe it is “more likely than not” we will not be able to benefit from our deferred tax assets with the exception of the $0.5 million foreign deferred tax assets. SFAS No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes”(“SFAS 109”), requires a valuation allowance be established when it is “more likely than not” that all or a portion of deferred tax assets will not be realized and that it is difficult to conclude that a valuation allowance is not needed when there is negative evidence such as cumulative losses in recent years. Therefore, cumulative losses weighed heavily in the overall assessment. We believe that sufficient uncertainty exists with regard to the realizability of these tax assets such that a valuation allowance is necessary. Factors considered in providing a valuation allowance include the lack of a significant history of consistent profits, the current and believed to be continued weakness in the overall market thereby potentially impacting our ability to sustain or grow revenues and earnings, and the length of carryback and carryforward periods. We considered expectations and risks associated with estimates of future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. Based on the absence of sufficient positive objective verifiable evidence at December 31, 2008, we have placed a valuation on our deferred tax assets except for $0.5 million of foreign deferred tax assets. We expect to record a valuation allowance on future tax benefits until we can sustain an appropriate level of profitability and until such time, we would not expect to recognize any significant tax benefits in our future results of operations.
Our effective tax rate was a 53% tax expense in 2007 and 38% tax benefit in 2006. The tax rate for 2007 and 2006 differed from the United States statutory rate due to foreign earnings taxed at lower rates, foreign losses not benefited, non-deductible stock compensation deductions under SFAS 123 and SFAS 123(R) and adjustments to our reserves for uncertain tax positions.
Minority Interest in Loss of Consolidated Subsidiaries
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Minority interest in (income) loss of consolidated subsidiaries | $ | 220 | $ | (6 | ) | $ | 226 | (3767 | )% | $ | (6 | ) | $ | 49 | $ | (55 | ) | (112 | )% |
Minority interest in loss of consolidated subsidiaries for 2008 increased $0.2 million from income of $6,000 in 2007. The increase in minority interest loss of consolidated entities was mainly due to the increased loss generated by RAE Fushun, offset by increased profitability at RAE France in 2008.
Minority interest in income of consolidated entities for 2007 increased $55,000 or 112% from a loss of $49,000 in 2006. The increase in minority interest income of consolidated entities was mainly due to improved profitability at RAE Beijing, as well as increase in ownership from 64% to 96% in second half of fiscal 2006. The increase was partially offset by the loss generated by RAE Fushun, formed in December 2006 and less profit from RAE France in 2007.
Loss From Discontinued Operations
On August 24, 2007, the Board of Directors approved the discontinuation of our mobile DVR business in order to reduce expenses and concentrate resources on our gas and radiation detection business. Our mobile DVR business was acquired through the purchases of Aegison and Securay. See “Note 2. Mergers and Acquisitions” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details. On August 28, 2007, we notified our DVR customers, terminated all personnel not reassigned to continuing operations and suspended the related production and sales activities. Because the DVR business operates at a substantial loss, management intends to liquidate the tangible assets, mainly inventories of component parts. Accordingly, the value of these assets has been adjusted to reflect the anticipated disposals.
As a result of discontinuing the DVR business, management impaired the remaining value of the intangible assets and goodwill acquired in the purchases of Aegison in July 2006 and Securay in January 2007. Impairment expense recognized in fiscal 2007 totaled $4.2 million.
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In accordance with SFAS No. 144,“Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”(“SFAS 144”), the financial results of the DVR business are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented. The financial results included in discontinued operations were as follows:
Percentage | Percentage | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | Change | Change | 2007 | 2006 | Change | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations before income taxes | $ | 11 | $ | (4,939 | ) | $ | 4,950 | (100 | )% | $ | (4,939 | ) | $ | (243 | ) | $ | (4,696 | ) | 1933 | % | ||||||||||||
Income tax benefit | — | (785 | ) | 785 | (100 | )% | (785 | ) | (83 | ) | (702 | ) | 846 | % | ||||||||||||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations | $ | 11 | $ | (4,154 | ) | $ | 4,165 | (100 | )% | $ | (4,154 | ) | $ | (160 | ) | $ | (3,994 | ) | 2496 | % | ||||||||||||
Liquidity and Capital Resources
To date, we have financed our operations primarily through operating revenues, proceeds from the issuance of equity securities and short-term bank borrowings. In 2007, we also sold and leased back our corporate headquarters in San Jose, California. As of December 31, 2008, we had $14.8 million in cash and cash equivalents compared with $15.9 million on December 31, 2007. The $1.1 million year-over-year reduction of company cash was primarily due to investments in plant and a scheduled payment on our notes payable to related parties.
On December 31, 2008 we had $37.1 million in working capital (current assets less current liabilities) and a current ratio (ratio of current assets to current liabilities) of 2.5 to 1.0 compared to working capital of $40.9 million and a current ratio of 2.8 to 1.0 on December 31, 2007.
In the United States, we had a $15.0 million revolving credit agreement as of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. This credit facility is renewed annually and currently expires on March 13, 2009. We are currently renegotiating the terms of this line of credit with our bank and on March 11, 2009, we received an extension on our existing line to May 12, 2009 which also changed certain other terms and conditions. The amended credit agreement provides for borrowings of up to $10.0 million based on a percentage of specific qualifying assets and a blanket security interest in our assets in the United States. We are required to comply with certain reporting requirements in addition to the ongoing requirement to submit quarterly financial statements. There is no assurance that we will be successful in securing a renewed agreement on this line of credit for any time period after May 12, 2009. As of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $1.8 million and zero, respectively, was outstanding against these loan agreements in the United States.
One of our financial covenants was the requirement to achieve earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) of at least $3.5 million for the period from July 1, 2008 to December 31, 2008. Primarily due to the effect on our net sales from the sharp global economic downturn during the fourth quarter, we were not in compliance with this covenant; however, our bank has provided a waiver for the noncompliance. Notwithstanding the loss from continuing operations in 2008, we generated cash from operating activities of $3.2 million.
In China, we had two unsecured revolving lines of credit as of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, each in the amount of RMB 20 million or approximately $2.9 million. At year end 2007, we also maintained an unsecured line of credit in the amount of RMB 10 million or approximately $1.4 million. Borrowings under these lines of credit are available to provide working capital and are generally at the current market rate for fixed rate loans of the amount and duration requested, up to one year. The continuing credit facilities are renewed annually in May and October, respectively. As of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, RMB 5 million or approximately $0.7 million and RMB 19 million or approximately $2.6 million, respectively, was outstanding against loan agreements in China.
We believe our existing balances of cash and cash equivalents, together with cash generated from product sales, will be sufficient to meet our cash needs for working capital, debt service and capital expenditures for at least the next twelve months. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors that are difficult to predict, including the size, timing and structure of any future acquisitions, future capital investments, the ultimate resolution of issues arising from our internal investigation regarding potential FCPA violations and future results of operations.
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Any future financing we may require may be unavailable on favorable terms, if at all. Any difficulty in obtaining additional financial resources could force us to curtail our operations or could prevent us from pursuing our growth strategy. Any future funding may dilute the ownership of our stockholders.
Our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for 2008, 2007 and 2006 may be summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in): | ||||||||||||
Operating activities | $ | 3,178 | $ | (9,979 | ) | $ | 1,051 | |||||
Investing activities | (3,351 | ) | 10,023 | 3,025 | ||||||||
Financing activities | (1,391 | ) | (2,684 | ) | 230 | |||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 503 | 427 | 289 | |||||||||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (1,061 | ) | $ | (2,213 | ) | $ | 4,595 | ||||
Operating Activities:
For the year ended December 31 2008, net cash provided by operating activities of $3.2 million was due to the following:
• | Non-cash charges included in our net loss of $7.2 million totaled $8.2 million. Our principal non-cash expenses were as follows: $3.3 million reduction in goodwill; $3.3 million depreciation and amortization; $1.6 million stock-based compensation; and $1.3 million provision for doubtful accounts. These non-cash expenses were partially offset by $0.6 million in gains on disposal of property and equipment; $0.6 million in deferred income tax benefits; and other net gains of $0.1 million. | |
• | The net reduction in working capital of $2.2 million attributable to changes in operating assets and liabilities. The decrease in working capital resulted primarily from a $1.2 million decline in accounts receivable and a $1.1 million decline in trade notes receivable. Other operating accounts offset the change in receivables by $(0.1) million, net. |
For the year ended December 31, 2007 net cash used by operating activities was $10.0 million which was due to the following:
• | Cash was used mainly to support an increase of $9.5 million in working capital primarily consisting of an increase of $5.7 million in accounts receivable and $1.8 million in inventories primarily related to increased sales. The remaining $2.0 million was primarily comprised of changes in deferred revenue, deposits and other current operating accounts. | |
• | The positive effect of the non-cash adjustments was due to depreciation and amortization of long lived assets of $3.7 million, deferred taxes of $4.1 million, stock based compensation expense of $1.9 million and provision for doubtful accounts of $1.9 million. |
For the year ended December 31, 2006, net cash provided by operating activities was $1.1 million due to the following:
• | Non-cash charges to our net income were approximately $4.1 million. The non-cash adjustments to net income resulted primarily from depreciation and amortization of long-lived assets of $3.2 million, compensation expense of fair value accounting for stock options of $1.6 million, other reserve and non-cash adjustments to our net income of approximately $0.5 million, partially offset by an adjustment to our deferred income taxes of $1.2 million. | |
• | The positive effect of the non-cash adjustments described above, for the year 2006, was partially offset by an increased investment in working capital of $1.5 million. The increase in working capital was primarily the result of increased sales in Asia, which has a longer average collection period for accounts receivable than sales in the United States, partially offset by higher payables related to the increased volume in December 2006. |
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Investing Activities
During 2008, cash used in investing activities was primarily used to complete and occupy the manufacturing facility in Fushun, China. The total project in Fushun also includes administrative offices, a research and development facility and living quarters. The estimated cost to complete the project is approximately $2.3 million. However, we have not committed to a timeline for the remaining construction.
During 2007, the increase in cash due to investing activities of $10.0 million was primarily due to the net proceeds from the sale and leaseback of our San Jose headquarters building for approximately $12.4 million and the sale of investments in securities for $3.2 million, partially offset by approximately $4.0 million used for the acquisition of property and equipment and $1.6 million used for business acquisitions. During 2007, we began to construct RAE Fushun’s new manufacturing and administrative facility in China.
During 2006, the proceeds from investing activities contributed $3.0 million to cash. The increase consisted primarily of $12.7 million in net proceeds from the sale of investments and the maturity of investments. The net proceeds were partially offset by investments of $7.4 million used for business acquisitions. Of the acquisitions, approximately $4.8 million was invested to increase our stake in RAE Beijing from 64% to 96%, $2.1 million to acquire the assets of Aegison Corporation and $0.5 million to acquire certain assets of Tianjin Securay Technology Co Ltd. In addition, $2.2 million was used for the acquisition of property and equipment.
Financing activities
Cash used in financing activities of $1.4 million in 2008 was primarily applied to payments on related party notes totaling $1.2 million and payments on bank lines of credit of $0.2 million, net of amounts borrowed. The bank lines of credit provide working capital for our operations in the United States and China.
The cash provided by financing activities was $2.7 million in 2007 and was primarily from bank borrowings (net of repayment) of $2.6 million, which was used to repay a related party note of $5.0 million and the repurchase of restricted stock awards of $0.3 million.
The net cash provided by financing activities for 2006 and 2005 was mainly from the proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants.
Commitments and Contingencies
Summary of Obligations
The following table quantifies our known contractual obligations in tabular form as of December 31, 2008. These obligations impact our short and long-term liquidity and capital resource needs. Certain of these contractual obligations are reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, while others are disclosed as future obligations.
Less than | 1-3 | 3-5 | After | |||||||||||||||||
Total | 1 Year | Years | Years | 5 Years | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Contractual Obligations | ||||||||||||||||||||
Amounts reflected in Consolidated Balance Sheets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Notes payable — related parties(1) | $ | 2,548 | $ | 1,329 | $ | 609 | $ | 610 | $ | — | ||||||||||
Capital lease obligations(2) | 58 | 58 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Other cash obligations not reflected in Consolidated Balance Sheets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligations(2) | 12,142 | 1,988 | 2,827 | 2,585 | 4,742 | |||||||||||||||
Construction in process | 2,457 | 2,457 | ||||||||||||||||||
Open purchase orders | 4,942 | 4,942 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Total | $ | 22,147 | $ | 10,774 | $ | 3,436 | $ | 3,195 | $ | 4,742 | ||||||||||
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(1) | For further discussion surrounding notes payable-related parties, refer to “Note 11. Related Party Transactions” to the Consolidated Financial Statements. | |
(2) | For further discussion surrounding purchase and lease obligations, refer to “Note 8. Commitments and Contingencies” to the Consolidated Financial statements. | |
(3) | Represents estimated cancelable open purchase orders to purchase inventory and other goods and services in the normal course of business to meet operational requirements. |
Guarantees
We are permitted under Delaware law and required under our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws to indemnify our officers and directors for certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limits, while the director or officer is or was serving at our request in such capacity. The term of the indemnification period is for the officer’s or director’s lifetime. The maximum amount of potential future indemnification is unlimited; however, we have a Director and Officer Insurance Policy that reduces exposure and enables us to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. To date we have not incurred any losses under these agreements.
In our sales agreements, we typically agree to indemnify our customers for any expenses or liability resulting from claimed infringements of patents, trademarks or copyrights of third parties. The terms of these indemnification agreements are generally perpetual any time after execution of the agreement. The maximum amount of potential future indemnification is unlimited. To date, we have not paid any amounts to settle claims or defend lawsuits.
Product Warranties
We sell the majority of our products with a 12 to 24 month repair or replacement warranty from the date of shipment. We provide an accrual for estimated future warranty costs based upon the historical relationship of warranty costs to sales. The estimated future warranty obligations related to product sales are recorded in the period in which the related revenue is recognized.
Uncertain Tax Positions
Effective January 1, 2007, we adopted the provisions of FIN 48. As of December 31, 2008, the liability for uncertain tax positions, including associated interest and penalties, was approximately $1.4 million pursuant to FIN 48. This liability represents an estimate of tax positions that the Company has taken in its tax returns which may ultimately not be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. Since the ultimate amount and timing of any future cash settlements cannot be predicted with reasonable certainty, this estimated liability has been excluded from the contractual obligations table.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued SFAS No. 141(R),“Business Combinations”(“SFAS 141R”). This statement changes the accounting for acquisition transaction costs by requiring them to be expensed in the period incurred, and also changes the accounting for contingent consideration, acquired contingencies and restructuring costs related to an acquisition. SFAS 141R is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 141R is expected to change our accounting treatment for business combinations on a prospective basis beginning in the period it is adopted.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,“Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements-an amendment of ARB No. 51”(“SFAS 160”). This statement will change the accounting and reporting for minority interests, which will be recharacterized as noncontrolling interests and classified as a component of equity. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We believe the adoption of SFAS 160 will not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment to FASB Statement No. 133”. The Statement establishes enhanced about how and why
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an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”, and its related interpretations, and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early adoption encouraged. The Statement encourages, but does not require, comparative disclosures for earlier periods at initial adoption. The adoption of this statement is not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements.
In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff PositionNo. FAS No. 142-3, or FSPNo. 142-3, “Determination of Useful Life of Intangible Assets”. FSPNo. 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing the renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. FSPNo. 142-3 also requires expanded disclosure regarding the determination of intangible asset useful Lives. FSPNo. 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is not permitted. We are currently evaluating the potential impact the adoption of FSPNo. 142-3 will have on our consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”. SFAS 162 is intended to improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent framework, or hierarchy, for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements that are presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for nongovernmental entities. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS 162 to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
ITEM 7A. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
Concentration of Credit Risk
Currently, we have cash and cash equivalents deposited with major financial institutions in the countries where we conduct business. Our deposits may exceed the amount of insurance available to cover such deposits. To date, we have not experienced any losses of deposits of cash and cash equivalents. Management regularly reviews our deposit amounts and the credit worthiness of the financial institution which hold our deposits.
Interest Rate Risk
As of December 31, 2008, we had cash and cash equivalents of $14.8 million. Changes to interest rates over time may reduce or increase our interest income from our short-term investments but the impact on our cash and cash equivalents is expected to be insignificant.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
For the year ended December 31, 2008, a substantial portion of our recognized revenue was denominated in U.S. dollars generated primarily from customers in the Americas (40%). Revenue generated from our European operations (16%) was primarily in Euros; revenue generated by our Asia operations (44%) was primarily in RMB. We manufacture a majority of our component parts at our manufacturing facility in Shanghai, China. Since January 2008, our operations in China have been affected by currency fluctuations due to an approximate 6.7% appreciation of the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar.
Our strategy has been and will continue to be to increase our overseas manufacturing and research and development activities to capitalize on lower cost capacity and efficiencies in supply-chain management. In 2004 and 2006, we made a strategic investment in China with the acquisition of a 96% interest in RAE Beijing, a Beijing-based manufacturer and distributor of environmental safety and security equipment and the formation of RAE Fushun in late 2006 to capitalize on increase in demand for safety equipment in the mining and energy sectors in China. There has been continued speculation in the financial press that China’s currency, the RMB, will be subject to a further market adjustment relative to the U.S. dollar and other currencies. If, for example, there was a hypothetical 10% change in the RMB relative to the U.S. dollar, the effect on our profits would have been approximately $1.2 million for fiscal 2008. If the currencies in all other countries in Europe and Asia where we have
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operations to change in unison with the RMB by a hypothetical 10% against the U.S. dollar, the approximate effect on our profits would be approximately $0.6 million for fiscal 2008. The reduction in the impact of the RMB is due to the offset of changes in reported net sales in our other units resulting from changes in those countries local currencies.
Furthermore, to the extent that we engage in international sales denominated in U.S. dollars in countries other than China, any fluctuation in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies could affect our competitive position in the international markets. Although we would continue to monitor our exposure to currency fluctuations and, when appropriate, may use financial hedging techniques in the future to minimize the effect of these fluctuations, we cannot be certain that exchange rate fluctuations will not adversely affect our financial results in the future.
ITEM 8. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA |
Our consolidated financial statements included in this report beginning onpage F-1 are incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 9. | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE |
None.
ITEM 9A. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
RAE Systems, Inc. (the “Company”) maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required financial disclosure.
In connection with the preparation of this Annual Report onForm 10-K, the Company carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the CEO and CFO, as of December 31, 2008 of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined inRules 13a-15(e) and15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act. Based upon this evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that as of December 31, 2008 the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the Company, as such term is defined inRules 13a-15(f) and15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management has conducted an assessment, including testing, of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. In making its assessment of internal control over financial reporting, management used the criteria inInternal Control — Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”).
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Based on our assessment, which was conducted according to the COSO criteria, we have concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2008.
The effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which appears herein.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Other than as described above, there was no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined inRule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during our fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
RAE Systems Inc.:
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of RAE Systems Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established inInternal Control — Integrated Frameworkissued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company’s board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established inInternal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008, of the Company and our report dated March 12, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche, LLP
San Jose, California
March 12, 2009
San Jose, California
March 12, 2009
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ITEM 9B. | OTHER INFORMATION |
None.
PART III
ITEM 10. | DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
The information required by this item with respect to the Company’s executive officers is incorporated herein by reference from the information contained in Item 1 of Part I of this Report under the caption “Executive Officers of the Registrant.”
The information required by this item regarding (a) the Company’s directors, (b) compliance with Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended and (c) the Company’s Code of Conduct and Ethics is incorporated herein by reference from the information provided under the headings “Proposal No. 1 — Election of Directors”, “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” and “Code of Conduct and Ethics” of the Proxy Statement for our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
ITEM 11. | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
The information required by this item, which will be set forth in our Proxy Statement for our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the caption “Executive Compensation and Other Matters”, is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 12. | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS |
The information required by this item, which will be set forth in our Proxy Statement for our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the caption “Stock Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management”, is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 13. | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE |
The information required by this item, which will be set forth in our Proxy Statement for our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions”, is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 14. | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES |
The information required by this item, which will be set forth in our Proxy Statement for our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders under the heading “Proposal No. 2 — Ratification of Appointment of Independent Auditors”, is incorporated herein by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 15. | EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES |
(a) (1) Financial Statements
See the index of the Consolidated Financial Statements of thisForm 10-K.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
Schedules are not provided because of the absence of conditions under which they are required or because the required information is given in the financial statements or the notes thereto.
(3) Exhibits
See Index to Exhibits on page 37 herein.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on March 13, 2009.
RAE SYSTEMS INC.
By: | /s/ Robert I. Chen |
Robert I. Chen
President and Chief Executive Officer
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Robert I. Chen and Randall Gausman, and each of them, as such person’s true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for such person and in such person’s name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this report onForm 10-K, and to file same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as such person might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:
Signature | Title | Date | ||||
/s/ Robert I. Chen Robert I. Chen | President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board (Principal Executive Officer) | March 13, 2009 | ||||
/s/ Randall Gausman Randall Gausman | Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | March 13, 2009 | ||||
/s/ Peter C. Hsi Peter C. Hsi | Chief Technology Officer, Vice President of Emerging Technologies Development and Director | March 13, 2009 | ||||
/s/ Lyle D. Feisel Lyle D. Feisel | Director | March 13, 2009 | ||||
/s/ Neil W. Flanzraich Neil W. Flanzraich | Director | March 13, 2009 | ||||
/s/ Sigrun Hjelmquist Sigrun Hjelmquist | Director | March 13, 2009 | ||||
/s/ A. Marvin Strait A. Marvin Strait | Director | March 13, 2009 | ||||
/s/ James W. Power James W. Power | Director | March 13, 2009 |
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS
Exhibit | ||||
Number | Description of Document | |||
3 | .1 | Certificate of Incorporation of Registrant(1) | ||
3 | .2 | Amended and Restated Bylaws of Registrant(3) | ||
4 | .1 | Specimen certificate representing the common stock of Registrant(1) | ||
10 | .0 | Form of Indemnity Agreement between the Registrant and the Registrant’s directors and officers(1) | ||
10 | .1 | RAE Systems Inc. 2007 Equity Incentive Plan(2) | ||
10 | .2 | RAE Systems Inc. 2002 Stock Option Plan(1) | ||
10 | .3 | RAE Systems Inc. 1993 Stock Plan(1) | ||
10 | .4 | Form of Stock Option Agreement under the Registrant’s 2007 Equity Incentive Plan(9) | ||
10 | .5 | Lease Agreement by and between Inland American/Stephens (N First) Ventures, LLC and RAE Systems Inc., dated December 20, 2007(9) | ||
10 | .6 | Purchase and Sale Agreement by and between D.R. Stephens & Company, LLC and RAE Systems Inc., dated November 9, 2007(9) | ||
10 | .7 | Manufacturing Building Lease Agreement by and between Shanghai China Academic Science High Tech Industrial Park Development Co., Ltd. and RAE Systems(Asia), Ltd., incorporated in Hong Kong, dated September 15, 2001(1) | ||
10 | .8 | Lease Agreement by and between Shanghai Institute of Metallurgy Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and WARAE Instrument(Shanghai) Incorporated, incorporated in Jiading, Shanghai, dated January 8, 1999(1) | ||
10 | .9 | Form of Share Transfer Agreement by and between RAE-KLH shareholders and RAE Systems Asia(Hong Kong) Ltd.(4) | ||
10 | .10 | Separation Agreement and General Release of Claims by and between Donald W. Morgan and the Registrant dated August 8, 2006(5) | ||
10 | .11 | RAE System’s Inc. Management Incentive Plan(6) | ||
10 | .12 | Employment Offer Letter by and between Randall Gausman and the Registrant dated October 17, 2006(7) | ||
10 | .13 | Loan and Security Agreement dated as of March 14, 2007 between Silicon Valley Bank and the Registrant(8) | ||
10 | .14 | Joint Venture Agreement by and between Liaoning Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd. and RAE Systems (Asia), Ltd. dated December 10, 2006(8) | ||
10 | .15 | Separation Agreement and General Release of Claims by and between Rudy Mui and the Registrant dated March 4, 2008(9) | ||
21 | .1 | Subsidiaries of the Registrant(9) | ||
23 | .1 | Consent of BDO Seidman, LLP(10) | ||
23 | .2 | Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP(10) | ||
24 | .1 | Power of Attorney(10) (included on signature page) | ||
31 | .1 | Certifications of Robert I. Chen, President and Chief Executive Officer of Registrant pursuant toRule 13a-14 adopted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002(10) | ||
31 | .2 | Certifications of Randall Gausman, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Registrant pursuant toRule 13a-14 adopted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002(10) | ||
32 | .1 | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002(10) | ||
32 | .2 | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002(10) |
(1) | Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s quarterly report onForm 10-Q, for the quarter ended March 31, 2002 and incorporated herein by reference. |
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(2) | Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s current report onForm 8-K on June 19, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(3) | Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s current report onForm 8-K on December 21, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(4) | Previously filed on August 8, 2006 as an exhibit to the Registrant’s quarterly report onForm 10-Q, for the quarter ended June 30, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(5) | Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s current report onForm 8-K on August 8, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(6) | Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s current report onForm 8-K on August 16, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(7) | Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s current report onForm 8-K on October 18, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(8) | Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s annual report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(9) | Previously filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s annual report onForm 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. | |
(10) | Filed herewith. |
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Table of Contents
RAE Systems Inc.
Consolidated Financial Statements
As of December 31, 2008 and 2007
Consolidated Financial Statements | F-1 | |||
F-2 | ||||
F-4 | ||||
F-5 | ||||
F-6 | ||||
F-7 | ||||
F-8 |
F-1
Table of Contents
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
RAE Systems Inc.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of RAE Systems Inc. and subsidiaries (collectively the “Company”) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity and comprehensive loss, and cash flows for the years then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. The consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2006, before the effects of the retrospective adjustments for the discontinued operations discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, were audited by other auditors whose report, dated March 16, 2007, expressed an unqualified opinion on those statements.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such 2008 and 2007 consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited the retrospective adjustments to the 2006 consolidated financial statements for operations discontinued in 2007 as discussed in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements. Our procedures included (1) obtaining the Company’s underlying accounting analysis prepared by management of the retrospective adjustments for discontinued operations and comparing the retrospectively adjusted amounts per the 2006 financial statements to such analysis, (2) comparing previously reported amounts to the previously issued financial statements for such years, (3) testing the mathematical accuracy of the accounting analysis, and (4) on a test basis, comparing the adjustments to retrospectively adjust the financial statements for discontinued operations to the Company’s supporting documentation. In our opinion, such retrospective adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. However, we were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the 2006 consolidated financial statements of the Company other than with respect to the retrospective adjustments and, accordingly, we do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance on the 2006 consolidated financial statements taken as a whole.
As discussed in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements, on January 1, 2007, the Company changed its method of accounting for uncertain income tax positions in accordance with guidance provided in the Financial Standards Accounting Board Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on the criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 12, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche, LLP
San Jose, California
March 12, 2009
F-2
Table of Contents
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders
RAE Systems Inc.
We have audited, before the effects of the adjustments to retrospectively account for the DVR business as a discontinued operation as described in Notes 3 and 5, the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2006 of RAE Systems Inc. (the Company). These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above, before the effects of the adjustments to retrospectively account for the DVR business as a discontinued operation as described in Notes 3 and 5, present fairly, in all material respects the results of operations and cash flows of RAE Systems, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2006, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the adjustments to retrospectively account for the DVR business as a discontinued operation as described in Notes 3 and 5 and, accordingly, we do not express an opinion or any other form of assurance about whether the adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. Those adjustments were audited by Deloitte & Touche, LLP.
/s/ BDO Seidman, LLP
San Jose, California
March 16, 2007
F-3
Table of Contents
RAE SYSTEMS INC.
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands, except share | ||||||||
and par value data) | ||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current assets: | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 14,845 | $ | 15,906 | ||||
Trade notes receivable | 1,870 | 2,793 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowances of $3,472 and $2,060, respectively | 20,961 | 22,749 | ||||||
Accounts receivable from affiliate | 100 | 21 | ||||||
Inventories | 17,604 | 17,542 | ||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 4,991 | 2,930 | ||||||
Income taxes receivable | 895 | 2,069 | ||||||
Total current assets | 61,266 | 64,010 | ||||||
Property and equipment, net | 14,976 | 12,258 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net | 3,342 | 3,827 | ||||||
Goodwill | — | 3,143 | ||||||
Investments in unconsolidated affiliates | 467 | 425 | ||||||
Other assets | 1,124 | 1,680 | ||||||
Total assets | $ | 81,175 | $ | 85,343 | ||||
LIABILITIES, MINORITY INTEREST IN CONSOLIDATED ENTITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Current liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts payable | $ | 6,387 | $ | 6,071 | ||||
Accounts payable to affiliate | 382 | 411 | ||||||
Payable to Fushun shareholder | 64 | 609 | ||||||
Bank lines of credit | 2,584 | 2,618 | ||||||
Accrued liabilities | 12,318 | 12,098 | ||||||
Notes payable to related parties, current | 1,329 | 191 | ||||||
Income taxes payable | 425 | 674 | ||||||
Deferred revenue, current | 631 | 488 | ||||||
Total current liabilities | 24,120 | 23,160 | ||||||
Deferred revenue, non-current | 685 | 514 | ||||||
Deferred tax liabilities, non-current | 83 | 277 | ||||||
Deferred gain on sale of real estate | 5,079 | 5,794 | ||||||
Other long-term liabilities | 1,292 | 1,487 | ||||||
Notes payable to related parties, non-current | 1,219 | 2,370 | ||||||
Total liabilities | 32,478 | 33,602 | ||||||
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (NOTE 8) | ||||||||
MINORITY INTEREST IN CONSOLIDATED ENTITIES | 5,481 | 5,385 | ||||||
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY: | ||||||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; 59,443,914 and 59,171,980 shares issued and outstanding, respectively | 59 | 59 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 62,549 | 60,957 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 6,555 | 4,135 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit | (25,947 | ) | (18,795 | ) | ||||
Total shareholders’ equity | 43,216 | 46,356 | ||||||
Total liabilities, minority interest in consolidated entities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 81,175 | $ | 85,343 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-4
Table of Contents
RAE SYSTEMS INC.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 95,383 | $ | 90,836 | $ | 67,721 | ||||||
Cost of sales | 47,168 | 44,428 | 32,198 | |||||||||
Gross profit | 48,215 | 46,408 | 35,523 | |||||||||
Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||
Sales and marketing | 21,427 | 25,434 | 18,987 | |||||||||
Research and development | 6,665 | 7,973 | 6,075 | |||||||||
General and administrative | 22,864 | 17,767 | 13,332 | |||||||||
Impairment of goodwill | 3,348 | — | — | |||||||||
Gain on abandonment of lease | — | (595 | ) | — | ||||||||
Total operating expenses | 54,304 | 50,579 | 38,394 | |||||||||
Operating loss from continuing operations | (6,089 | ) | (4,171 | ) | (2,871 | ) | ||||||
Other income (expense): | ||||||||||||
Interest income | 173 | 162 | 782 | |||||||||
Interest expense | (397 | ) | (705 | ) | (249 | ) | ||||||
Other, net | (575 | ) | 58 | 232 | ||||||||
Equity in gain (loss) of unconsolidated affiliates | 43 | 3 | (194 | ) | ||||||||
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest | (6,845 | ) | (4,653 | ) | (2,300 | ) | ||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) | 538 | 5,883 | (882 | ) | ||||||||
Loss before minority interest | (7,383 | ) | (10,536 | ) | (1,418 | ) | ||||||
Minority interest in income (loss) of consolidated subsidiaries | 220 | (6 | ) | 49 | ||||||||
Loss from continuing operations | (7,163 | ) | (10,542 | ) | (1,369 | ) | ||||||
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | 11 | (4,154 | ) | (160 | ) | |||||||
Net loss | $ | (7,152 | ) | $ | (14,696 | ) | $ | (1,529 | ) | |||
Net loss per share — basic and diluted | ||||||||||||
Continuing operations | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.18 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||
Discontinued operations | — | (0.07 | ) | — | ||||||||
Net loss per share — basic and diluted | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.25 | ) | $ | (0.03 | ) | |||
Weighted average common shares outstanding — Basic | 59,204 | 58,852 | 58,425 | |||||||||
Dilutive stock options and warrants | — | — | — | |||||||||
Weighted average common shares outstanding — Diluted | 59,204 | 58,852 | 58,425 | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-5
Table of Contents
RAE SYSTEMS, INC.
Accumulated | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additional | Other | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Common Stock | Paid-in | Comprehensive | Accumulated | |||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Capital | Income | Deficit | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2005 | 57,837,843 | 58 | 56,629 | 310 | (2,424 | ) | 54,573 | |||||||||||||||||
Components of comprehensive loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | �� | — | — | — | (1,529 | ) | (1,529 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | 936 | — | 936 | ||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on investment, net of tax | — | — | — | (1 | ) | — | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive loss | (594 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 1,115,497 | 1 | 632 | — | — | 633 | ||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock warrants | 321,256 | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | 1,620 | — | — | 1,620 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment in unconsolidated entity | — | — | 146 | — | — | 146 | ||||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from stock options | — | — | (199 | ) | — | — | (199 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2006 | 59,274,596 | 59 | 58,828 | 1,245 | (3,953 | ) | 56,179 | |||||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of adopting FIN 48 — adjustment to accumulated deficit | — | — | — | — | (146 | ) | (146 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Components of comprehensive loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | — | (14,696 | ) | (14,696 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | 2,889 | — | 2,889 | ||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on investment, net of tax | — | — | — | 1 | — | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive loss | (11,806 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 32,291 | — | 72 | — | — | 72 | ||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of restricted common stock | (134,907 | ) | — | (335 | ) | — | — | (335 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | 2,553 | — | — | 2,553 | ||||||||||||||||||
Investment in unconsolidated entity | — | — | (1 | ) | — | — | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Tax benefit from stock options | — | — | (160 | ) | — | — | (160 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2007 | 59,171,980 | 59 | 60,957 | 4,135 | (18,795 | ) | 46,356 | |||||||||||||||||
Components of comprehensive loss: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss | — | — | — | — | (7,152 | ) | (7,152 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments | — | — | — | 2,420 | — | 2,420 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive loss | (4,732 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise of stock options | 149,458 | — | 43 | — | — | 43 | ||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of restricted common stock | (27,524 | ) | — | (44 | ) | — | — | (44 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Stock issued for services | 150,000 | — | 210 | — | — | 210 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | 1,383 | — | — | 1,383 | ||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2008 | 59,443,914 | $ | 59 | $ | 62,549 | $ | 6,555 | $ | (25,947 | ) | $ | 43,216 | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-6
Table of Contents
RAE SYSTEMS INC.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||
Net loss | $ | (7,152 | ) | $ | (14,696 | ) | $ | (1,529 | ) | |||
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations | 11 | (4,154 | ) | (160 | ) | |||||||
Loss from continuing operations | (7,163 | ) | (10,542 | ) | (1,369 | ) | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | 3,344 | 3,715 | 3,189 | |||||||||
Provision for doubtful accounts | 1,275 | 1,948 | (123 | ) | ||||||||
(Gain) loss on disposal of property and equipment | (586 | ) | (285 | ) | 245 | |||||||
Stock-based compensation expense | 1,593 | 1,871 | 1,620 | |||||||||
Equity in (gain) loss of unconsolidated affiliates | (43 | ) | (3 | ) | 194 | |||||||
Minority interest in (earnings) losses of consolidated entities | (220 | ) | 6 | (49 | ) | |||||||
Deferred income tax (benefit) expense | (608 | ) | 4,117 | (1,180 | ) | |||||||
Gain on abandonment of lease | — | (595 | ) | — | ||||||||
Amortization of discount on notes payable to related parties | 52 | 79 | 187 | |||||||||
Impairment of intangible assets | — | 609 | — | |||||||||
Impairment of goodwill | 3,348 | — | — | |||||||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | ||||||||||||
Accounts receivable | 1,174 | (5,719 | ) | (2,729 | ) | |||||||
Accounts receivable from affiliate | (77 | ) | 25 | (49 | ) | |||||||
Trade notes receivable | 1,056 | (689 | ) | (838 | ) | |||||||
Inventories | 661 | (1,831 | ) | (2,301 | ) | |||||||
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (1,929 | ) | (46 | ) | 565 | |||||||
Income taxes receivable | 1,167 | — | — | |||||||||
Other assets | 557 | (1,004 | ) | 231 | ||||||||
Accounts payable | (1,036 | ) | (1,473 | ) | 2,973 | |||||||
Accounts payable to affiliate | (52 | ) | 35 | 335 | ||||||||
Accrued liabilities | 356 | 1,876 | 1,200 | |||||||||
Income taxes payable | (287 | ) | 541 | (823 | ) | |||||||
Deferred revenue | 314 | (977 | ) | 384 | ||||||||
Other liabilities | 275 | (235 | ) | (451 | ) | |||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities of continuing operations | 3,171 | (8,577 | ) | 1,211 | ||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities of discontinued operations | 7 | (1,402 | ) | (160 | ) | |||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 3,178 | (9,979 | ) | 1,051 | ||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||
Purchases of investments | — | — | (12,615 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from sales and maturities of investments | — | 3,248 | 16,801 | |||||||||
Proceeds from sales prior to maturity of investments | — | — | 8,513 | |||||||||
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired | — | (1,618 | ) | (7,439 | ) | |||||||
Acquisition of property and equipment | (3,501 | ) | (4,014 | ) | (2,235 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of net assets | 150 | 12,407 | — | |||||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | (3,351 | ) | 10,023 | 3,025 | ||||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: | ||||||||||||
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants | 43 | 72 | 632 | |||||||||
Repurchases of common stock | (44 | ) | (335 | ) | — | |||||||
Borrowings from bank lines of credit | 4,961 | 12,156 | — | |||||||||
Payments on bank lines of credit | (5,195 | ) | (9,600 | ) | — | |||||||
Payments on payables to related parties | (1,156 | ) | (4,977 | ) | (402 | ) | ||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities | (1,391 | ) | (2,684 | ) | 230 | |||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 503 | 427 | 289 | |||||||||
(Decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | (1,061 | ) | (2,213 | ) | 4,595 | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 15,906 | 18,119 | 13,524 | |||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 14,845 | $ | 15,906 | $ | 18,119 | ||||||
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | ||||||||||||
Cash paid for taxes, net | $ | 687 | $ | 1,133 | $ | 1,084 | ||||||
Cash paid for interest | 333 | 422 | 6 | |||||||||
Non-cash investing and financing activities: | ||||||||||||
Notes payable issued in conjunction with RAE Beijing acquisition | — | — | 2,648 | |||||||||
Payable recorded in conjunction with RAE Fushun acquisition | — | — | 3,926 | |||||||||
Unpaid property and equipment | 1,100 | 589 | — |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-7
Table of Contents
RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1. | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
The Company
Founded in 1991, RAE Systems Inc. (the “Company” or “RAE”), a Delaware company, develops and manufactures rapidly-deployable, multi-sensor chemical and radiation detection monitors and networks for industrial applications and homeland security. The Company’s products are based on proprietary technology, and include portable, wireless and fixed chemical detection monitors and radiation detectors.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and include the Company and its subsidiaries. The ownership of other interest holders of consolidated subsidiaries is reflected as minority interest. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company bases estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable based on available information. Actual results may differ materially from these estimates and assumptions.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectibility is reasonably assured. A provision for estimated product returns is established at the time of sale based upon historical return rates adjusted for current economic conditions. Historically, the Company has experienced an insignificant amount of sales returns. The Company generally recognizes revenue upon shipment to its distributors in accordance with standard contract terms that pass title of all goods upon delivery to a common carrier (Free on board, “FOB”) and provides for sales returns under standard product warranty provisions. For non-standard contract terms where title to goods passes upon delivery to the customer (FOB destination), revenue is recognized after the Company has established proof of delivery. Revenues related to services performed under the Company’s extended warranty program are recognized as earned based upon contract terms, generally ratably over the term of service. The Company records project installation work in Asia using the percentage-of-completion method. Net sales also include amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling. The Company’s shipping costs are included in cost of sales.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments having original maturities of three months or less at time of purchase to be cash equivalents.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company grants credit to its customers after undertaking an investigation of credit risk for all significant amounts. The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectability of customer accounts. The Company regularly reviews the allowance by considering factors such as historical experience, credit quality, the age of the accounts receivable balances, current economic conditions, and known troubled accounts. The Company generally does not require collateral for sales on credit. When the Company becomes aware that a specific customer is unable to meet its financial obligations, the Company records a specific
F-8
Table of Contents
RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
allowance to reflect the level of credit risk in the customer’s outstanding receivable balance. In addition, the Company records additional allowances based on certain percentages of aged receivable balances. The Company classifies bad debt expenses as selling, general and administrative expenses.
The Company is not able to predict changes in the financial stability of its customers. Any material change in the financial status of any one or a group of customers could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations and financial condition. Although such losses have been within management’s expectations to date, there can be no assurance that such allowances will continue to be adequate. No customer accounted for more than 10% of consolidated net sales for any period presented.
Trade Notes Receivable
Trade notes receivable are bank guaranteed promissory notes which are non-interest bearing and generally mature within six months. From time to time certain customers in China present these notes in payment of outstanding accounts receivable.
Concentration of Credit Risk
Financial instruments which potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk consist principally of cash and cash equivalents, trade notes receivable and accounts receivable. The Company places its domestic and foreign cash and cash equivalents with large, creditworthy financial institutions, primarily in the United States and the People’s Republic of China. U.S. cash balances are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Company up to $250,000 per bank. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the Company had deposits in excess of insured limits of approximately $1.0 million and $4.9 million, respectively. The Company also had deposits at several foreign financial institutions, which are not insured, that summed to approximately $13.3 million and $10.8 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of standard cost, which approximates actual cost computed on afirst-in, first-out basis, or market. The Company has established inventory reserves when conditions exist that suggest that its inventory may be in excess of anticipated demand or is obsolete based upon assumptions about future demand for its products and market conditions. When recorded, write-downs are intended to reduce the carrying value of the inventory to its net realizable value. If actual demand for specified products deteriorates, or market conditions are less favorable than those projected, additional reserves may be required
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, as follows:
Buildings | 20 to 25 years | |
Equipment | 3 to 10 years | |
Furniture and fixtures | 3 to 7 years | |
Computers and software | 3 to 7 years | |
Automobiles | 3 to 5 years | |
Building improvements | Lesser of useful life or remaining lease term |
Warranty Repairs
From date of shipment, the Company provides a 12 to 24 month repair or replacement warranty for the majority of its products. Based primarily on the historical relationship of actual warranty costs to sales, the
F-9
Table of Contents
RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Company accrues a reserve for estimated future warranty costs at the time revenue is recognized. The estimated warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates, the length of the warranty period, materials usage to repair or replace defective products, and service delivery costs incurred in correcting product failures. In addition, from time to time, specific warranty accruals may be made if unforeseen technical problems arise. If the Company’s actual experience relative to these factors is significantly different than estimated, the Company may be required to adjust its provision in future periods.
Research and Development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred.
Advertising Costs
The Company expenses all advertising costs as incurred. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, advertising expense was $311,000, $547,000 and $1,029,000, respectively.
Income Taxes
The Company recognizes income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109,“Accounting for Income Taxes”(“SFAS 109”), using an asset and liability approach. This approach requires the recognition of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in the Company’s consolidated financial statements or tax returns. The measurement of current and deferred taxes is based on provisions of the enacted tax law.
SFAS 109 provides for recognition of deferred tax assets if the realization of such assets is more likely than not to occur. Otherwise, a valuation allowance is established for the deferred tax assets which may not be realized.
The Company is subject to income tax audits by the respective tax authorities in all of the jurisdictions in which it operates. The determination of tax liabilities in each of these jurisdictions requires the interpretation and application of complex and sometimes uncertain tax laws and regulations. The recognition and measurement of current taxes payable or refundable and deferred tax assets and liabilities requires that the Company make certain estimates and judgments. Changes to these estimates or a change in judgment may have a material impact on the Company’s tax provision in a future period.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
Goodwill is tested for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth quarter and between annual tests if events occur or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable. Impairment losses, if any, are recorded in the Statement of Operations as “Impairment of goodwill”.
Purchased intangible assets other than goodwill are amortized over their estimated useful lives unless these lives are determined to be indefinite. Purchased intangibles are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization. Amortization is generally computed using either the straight-line method or accelerated method based on the pattern of expected usage over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally two to nine years.
Long-Lived Assets
The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets with finite lives in accordance with SFAS 144,“Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets” (“SFAS 144”), which requires recognition of impairment of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company periodically reviews its long-lived assets for impairment. When events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable based on
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
estimated undiscounted cash flows, the impairment loss would be measured as the difference between the carrying amount of the assets and its fair value based on the present value of estimated future cash flows.
Fair Values of Financial Instruments
The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments:
• | Cash and Cash Equivalents, Accounts Receivable, Trade Notes Receivables, Accounts Receivable from Affiliate, Accounts Payable, Accrued Expenses, Inventory Purchase Obligations: |
The carrying amount reported in the consolidated balance sheets for these items approximates fair value because of the short maturity of these instruments. In addition, for inventory purchase obligations, the carrying value approximates fair value based on market rates for comparable products.
• | Notes Payable to Related Parties: |
Carrying value of notes payable to related parties approximates fair value as the Company has discounted these non interest bearing notes payables at an interest rate commensurate with commercial borrowing rates available to the Company in China. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the fair values of the Company’s financial instruments approximate their historical carrying amount.
Translation of Foreign Currencies
Assets and liabilities ofnon-U.S. subsidiaries that operate in a local currency environment, where that local currency is the functional currency, are translated into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date; with the resulting translation adjustments directly recorded to a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income. Income and expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are recorded in other income (loss), net. The functional currency is the local currency for allnon-U.S. subsidiaries.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123(R),“Share-Based Payment”(“SFAS 123(R)”), under which the fair value of each option is adjusted to reflect only those shares that are expected to vest.
On November 10, 2005, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 123(R)-3“Transition Election Related to Accounting for Tax Effects of Stock-based Payment Awards”that allows for a simplified method to establish the beginning balance of the additional paid-in capital pool (“APIC Pool”) related to the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation, and to determine the subsequent impact on the APIC pool and consolidated statements of cash flows of the tax effects of employee stock-based compensation awards that are outstanding upon adoption of SFAS 123(R). On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the simplified method for the computation of the beginning balance of the APIC pool.
Net Loss Per Share
Basic loss per share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing loss available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per share reflects the potential dilution of common stock equivalents such as options and warrants, to the extent the impact is dilutive. As the Company incurred net losses for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 potentially dilutive securities have been excluded from the diluted net loss per share computations as their effect was anti-dilutive. The weighted-average number of potentially dilutive shares excluded from the diluted net loss per share calculation for 2008, 2007 and 2006 was 3,813,874, 3,505,491 and 2,953,204, respectively.
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Retained Earnings
In accordance with the Company Law of the People’s Republic of China, the Company’s China subsidiaries may be required to appropriate a portion of net income as determined under accounting principles generally accepted in the China (“PRC GAAP”) to non-distributable reserves which include a general reserve, an enterprise expansion reserve and a staff welfare and bonus reserve. While the reserves restrict a portion of retained earnings from distribution to shareholders, the reserves are not withdrawn from the business and remain available for use in operations.
Wholly-owned China subsidiaries are not required to make appropriations to the enterprise expansion reserve; however, the China subsidiaries are required to appropriate not less than 10% of their net income determined under PRC GAAP to the general reserve. Appropriations to the general reserve are limited to 50% of each China subsidiary’s registered capital. Appropriations to the staff welfare and bonus reserve are determined by the board of directors. The total appropriation of retained earnings to the Company’s statutory reserves totaled $2.7 million and $1.7 million at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Variable Interest Entities
S.A.R.L. RAE France (“RAE France”) was identified by management as a variable interest entity. The Company is the primary beneficiary through its ownership of RAE Europe ApS. RAE France distributes and sells RAE products exclusively in France. RAE France has total sales of $2.7 million, $1.8 million and $1.7 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively and total assets of $1.1 million and $0.7 million as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company has consolidated RAE France since December 2004.
Segment Reporting
SFAS No. 131,“Disclosures about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”(“SFAS 131”), establishes standards for public business enterprises to report information about operating segments in their annual financial statements and requires that those enterprises report selected information about operating segments in subsequent interim financial reports issued to shareholders. It also established standards for related disclosure about products and services, geographic areas, and major customers. Operating segments are components of an enterprise, which are evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision-maker in deciding how to allocate and assess resources and performance. The Company’s chief operating decision-makers are the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer. Although the Company’s operating segments consist of entities geographically based in the Americas, Asia and Europe, the Company is in a single reporting segment worldwide in the sale of portable and wireless gas and radiation detection products and related services. Accordingly, the Company operated as one reportable segment during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R),“Business Combinations” (“SFAS 141(R)”). This statement changes the accounting for acquisition transaction costs by requiring them to be expensed in the period incurred, and also changes the accounting for contingent consideration, acquired contingencies and restructuring costs related to an acquisition. SFAS 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 141(R) is expected to change the Company’s accounting treatment for business combinations on a prospective basis beginning in the period it is adopted.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,“Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements-an amendment of ARB No. 51”(“SFAS 160”). This statement will change the accounting and reporting for minority interests, which will be recharacterized as noncontrolling interests and classified as a component of equity. SFAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company believes the
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
adoption of SFAS 160 will not have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161,“Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities — an amendment to FASB Statement No. 133”. This statement establishes enhanced disclosures about how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under SFAS No. 133,“Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities”, and its related interpretations, and how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early adoption encouraged. This statement encourages, but does not require, comparative disclosures for earlier periods at initial adoption. The adoption of this statement is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff PositionNo. FAS No. 142-3,“Determination of Useful Life of Intangible Assets”(“FSPNo. 142-3”).FSP 142-3 amends the factors that should be considered in developing the renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142,“Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”.FSP 142-3 also requires expanded disclosure regarding the determination of intangible asset useful lives. FSPNo. 142-3 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is not permitted. Management is currently evaluating the potential impact the adoption ofFSP 142-3 will have on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162,“The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles”, (“SFAS 162”). SFAS 162 is intended to improve financial reporting by identifying a consistent framework, or hierarchy, for selecting accounting principles to be used in preparing financial statements that are presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for nongovernmental entities. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS 162 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
Note 2. | Mergers and Acquisitions |
RAE Coal Mine Safety Instruments (Fushun) Co., Ltd.
In December 2006, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, RAE Systems (Asia) Ltd. (“RAE Asia”), agreed to form a joint venture with Liaoning Coal Industry Group Co., Ltd. (“Liaoning Group”) to form RAE Coal Mine Safety Instruments (Fushun) Co., Ltd. (“RAE Fushun”), a limited liability company in China with a duration of 50 years. As a result of the joint venture, the Company obtained control of Fushun Anyi, Ltd., a wholly owned subsidiary of Liaoning Group and a manufacturer and distributor of safety equipment, primarily to the coal mining industry. The primary reasons for the acquisition are to expand the Company’s market penetration in China and to capitalize on the increased demand for safety equipment in the coal mining industry.
The joint venture agreement provided that RAE Asia, for its 70% interest in RAE Fushun, would contribute $10.8 million in cash. $2.2 million was due immediately upon formation of RAE Fushun and the remainder payable in installments through December 2007. For its 30% interest in RAE Fushun and a payable of $3.9 million, Liaoning Group contributed the operating assets of Fushun Anyi, Ltd. with a book value of $8.5 million. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, the remaining balance due on the payable to Liaoning Group was $64,000 and $609,000, respectively. The total purchase price for RAE Asia’s 70% interest in RAE Fushun is as follows(in thousands):
Cash | $ | 2,151 | ||
Notes payable | 8,606 | |||
Direct transaction costs | 191 | |||
Total purchase price | $ | 10,948 | ||
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The transaction was accounted for as a purchase in accordance with SFAS 141; therefore, the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed were recorded at fair value on the acquisition date. The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation of RAE Asia’s interest in RAE Fushun’s assets and liabilities(in thousands):
Cash | $ | 2,151 | ||
Accounts receivable | 2,247 | |||
Inventory | 3,152 | |||
Note receivable from RAE Systems(1) | 8,606 | |||
Property & equipment | 399 | |||
Intangible asset acquired: | ||||
Customer list | 3,364 | |||
Total assets | 19,919 | |||
Payable to Liaoning Group | (3,926 | ) | ||
Deferred tax liability | (435 | ) | ||
Minority interest | (4,610 | ) | ||
Total purchase price | $ | 10,948 | ||
(1) | Balance eliminated in consolidation. |
The above purchase price allocation includes adjustments since the date of purchase to the acquired tangible and intangible assets. During 2008, the Company increased the value of the customer list by $435,000 and recognized a corresponding deferred tax liability. During 2007, the Company reduced the value of property and equipment by $1.1 million and reduced the allowance for doubtful accounts by $0.3 million as adjustments to the estimated fair value at acquisition date. RAE Fushun has the right to use the predecessor enterprise’s tradenames and patents, but due to intangible assets not being registered in RAE Fushun’s name, the value of the assets totaling $0.6 million were written off. Because the fair value of the net assets acquired in the formation of RAE Fushun exceeded the purchase price, the net result of these purchase price allocation adjustments reduced the negative goodwill and increased the recorded value of the acquired customer list.
The fair value of the customer list is being amortized using an accelerated method based on the pattern of expected usage over an estimated useful life of 9 years.
The results of operations of RAE Fushun have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since January 1, 2007. The unaudited financial information in the table below summarizes the combined results of operations of the Company and RAE Fushun, on a pro forma basis, as though the companies had been combined as of the beginning of each of the periods presented:
Year Ended | ||||
December 31, | ||||
(In thousands, except per share amounts) | 2006 | |||
(Unaudited) | ||||
Net sales | $ | 76,141 | ||
Net loss | $ | (1,632 | ) | |
Net loss per share — basic and diluted | $ | (0.03 | ) |
The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the merger had taken place at the beginning of the period presented nor is it indicative of future results of operations. The pro forma amounts give effect to appropriate adjustments for the fair value of the assets acquired, amortization of intangibles and income taxes.
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
RAE Beijing Acquisition
In July 2006, RAE Asia entered into four separate agreements to purchase an aggregate of thirty-two percent (32%) of the outstanding common stock of RAE KLH (Beijing) Co., Ltd (“RAE Beijing”) from four of the minority interest holders. This 32% combined with the 64% of RAE Beijing acquired in May 2004 raises the Company’s ownership to 96%. Management believes that the increase in the Company’s RAE Beijing ownership will strengthen the Company’s ability to benefit from the fast-growing industrial market in China. The purchase of these shares was accomplished via an initial cash payment to these minority shareholders of $4.8 million for 19% of the total 32% being purchased. For the remaining common shares, to take effect the purchase, the Company converted those common shares to non-voting, redeemable, convertible preferred stock. The preferred stock is redeemable in accordance with the following schedule(in thousands):
July 2009 | $ | 1,499 | ||
July 2010 | 967 | |||
July 2011 | 940 | |||
$ | 3,406 | |||
The preferred shares are contingently convertible at the option of the holders in the event of an initial public offering in China of the RAE Beijing subsidiary. Management believes the likelihood of an initial public offering in China is remote and as a result, does not believe the conversion provision is substantive. Therefore, in accordance with the guidance in SFAS No. 150“Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity”, these preferred stock were classified as liabilities. The preferred stock also accrues dividends at a rate of 3% per year. Due to its classification as a liability, the Company has discounted the preferred stock and dividends at a market rate of 6.48% resulting in a discount of $0.8 million. Total purchase price for the 32% minority interest is summarized as follows(in thousands):
Cash | $ | 4,808 | ||
Long-term notes payable (net of discount of $0.8 million) | 2,648 | |||
Direct transaction costs | 49 | |||
$ | 7,505 | |||
Since May 2004, the Company has consolidated the results of RAE Beijing within its publicly reported financial statements. The RAE Beijing purchase price for the additional 32% ownership interest was allocated to the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as follows (represents 32% of the total fair value)(in thousands):
Current assets | $ | 5,760 | ||
Property & equipment | 1,292 | |||
Intangible assets acquired: | ||||
Customer list | 817 | |||
Trade name | 216 | |||
Patents and technology | 164 | |||
Goodwill | 2,754 | |||
Total assets | 11,003 | |||
Current liabilities | (3,146 | ) | ||
Long-term liabilities | (352 | ) | ||
Total liabilities | (3,498 | ) | ||
Purchase price | $ | 7,505 | ||
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The acquired intangible assets are being amortized over their estimated useful lives, which are presented in the table below:
Weighted | ||||
Average | ||||
Useful Life | ||||
(Years) | ||||
Customer list | 6 | |||
Trade name | 7 | |||
Patents and technology | 7 |
The $2.8 million of goodwill recorded in conjunction with the RAE Beijing acquisition is not deductible for income tax purposes. The customer list is being amortized using an accelerated method, which represents the estimated pattern of use. Other intangible assets are being amortized straight line over their estimated useful lives.
Other Acquisitions
In July 2006, the Company purchased the assets, including two pending patents, of Santa Clara, California based Aegison Corporation (“Aegison”), a supplier of fixed and mobile digital video surveillance systems for approximately $2 million in cash and direct transaction costs of $142,000. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. The following table allocates the purchase price to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed(in thousands):
Net tangible assets acquired | $ | 436 | ||
Intangible assets acquired: | ||||
Technology | 631 | |||
Trade name | 108 | |||
Customer list | 91 | |||
Trade secret | 79 | |||
Goodwill | 797 | |||
Total purchase price | $ | 2,142 | ||
The following table summarizes the components of the net tangible assets acquired at fair value (in thousands):
Current assets | $ | 97 | ||
Property & equipment | 36 | |||
20% interest in Tianjin Securay Technology Ltd. | 415 | |||
Current liabilities | (112 | ) | ||
Net tangible assets acquired | $ | 436 | ||
During 2007, the Company increased the value of the investment in Securay by $62,000 to reflect proceeds actually received from the subsequent purchase of that company as discussed below. The total purchase price was increased by $43,000 due to additional direct transaction costs incurred. As a result, goodwill decreased by $19,000.
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The acquired intangible assets were being amortized over their estimated useful lives, which are presented in the table below:
Weighted | ||||
Average | ||||
Useful | ||||
Life (Years) | ||||
Technology | 10 | |||
Trade name | 2 | |||
Customer list | 3 | |||
Trade secret | 10 |
Goodwill, which represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of tangible and identified intangible assets acquired, is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Aegison’s results of operations have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements subsequent to the date of acquisition. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented because the effect of the acquisition was not material to prior period financial statements. In August 2007, the Company discontinued the operations of Aegison. See “Note 3. Discontinued Operations” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details.
In January 2007, RAE Asia entered into an agreement to purchase the intellectual property of Tianjin Securay Technology Ltd. Co. (“Securay”) for Renminbi 12 million (approximately $1.5 million). This transaction, together with the purchase agreements entered in 2006, completed the purchase of Securay. Including transactions entered into during 2006, the total purchase price was $2.0 million in cash. Assets purchased in 2006 amounting to $820,000 were recorded as acquisition in progress at December 31, 2006. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. The purchase price was allocated as follows(in thousands):
Net tangible assets acquired | $ | 467 | ||
Intangible assets acquired: | ||||
Customer list | 741 | |||
Trade name | 141 | |||
Technology | 32 | |||
Goodwill | 646 | |||
Total purchase price | $ | 2,027 | ||
The following table summarizes the components of the net tangible assets acquired at fair value(in thousands):
Inventory | $ | 180 | ||
Property & equipment | 287 | |||
Net tangible assets acquired | $ | 467 | ||
The acquired intangible assets were being amortized over their estimated useful lives, which are presented in the table below:
Weighted | ||||
Average | ||||
Useful Life | ||||
(Years) | ||||
Customer list | 7 | |||
Trade name | 7 | |||
Technology | 5 |
Goodwill, which represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of tangible and identified intangible assets acquired, is not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Securay’s results of operations have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements subsequent to the date of acquisition. Pro
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
forma results of operations have not been presented because the effect of the acquisition was not material to prior period financial statements.
The acquisition of Aegison and Securay made up the company’s mobile digital video recording (“DVR”) business, which was discontinued in August 2007. See “Note 3. Discontinued Operations” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details.
Note 3. | Discontinued Operations |
On August 24, 2007, the Board of Directors approved the discontinuation of the Company’s DVR business in order to reduce expenses and concentrate its resources on the gas and radiation detection business. The Company’s mobile DVR business was acquired in the purchases of Aegison and Securay. See “Note 2. Mergers and Acquisitions” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for details.
On August 28, 2007 the Company notified its DVR customers, terminated all personnel not reassigned to continuing operations and suspended the related production and sales activities. As the Company has retained the acquired intellectual property and because the DVR business operated at a substantial loss, management liquidated the tangible assets, mainly inventories of component parts. Accordingly, the value of these assets was adjusted to reflect the disposals.
As a result of discontinuing the DVR business in the third quarter ended September 30, 2007, management impaired the remaining value of the intangible assets and goodwill acquired in the purchases of Aegison in July 2006 and Securay. Loss from discontinued operations in fiscal 2007 totaled $4.2 million.
In accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” the financial results of the DVR business are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented. The financial results included in discontinued operations were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 3 | $ | 319 | $ | 265 | ||||||
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes | 11 | (4,939 | ) | (243 | ) | |||||||
Income tax benefit | — | (785 | ) | (83 | ) | |||||||
Gain (loss) from discontinued operations | $ | 11 | $ | (4,154 | ) | $ | (160 | ) | ||||
Current assets and current liabilities from discontinued operations were $59,000 and $63,000, respectively, as of December 31, 2007. The Company collected the remaining assets and settled the remaining liabilities during the third quarter of 2008.
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Note 4. | Balance Sheet Details |
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts:
The components of the allowance for doubtful accounts were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts at beginning of year | $ | 2,060 | $ | 843 | $ | 963 | ||||||
Charges to expense | 1,345 | 1,948 | — | |||||||||
Write-offs of uncollectible accounts, net of recoveries | (70 | ) | (833 | ) | (120 | ) | ||||||
Foreign currency translation effects | 137 | 102 | — | |||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts at end of year | $ | 3,472 | $ | 2,060 | $ | 843 | ||||||
Inventories:
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market and include material, labor and manufacturing overheard costs. The components of inventories were as follows:
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Raw materials | $ | 8,213 | $ | 5,278 | ||||
Work-in-progress | 2,910 | 2,759 | ||||||
Finished goods | 6,481 | 9,505 | ||||||
Total inventories | $ | 17,604 | $ | 17,542 | ||||
The Company recorded write-downs to inventory of $580,000, $442,000 and $121,000 during 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The inventory write-downs were predominantly the result of changes in forecasted customer demand and technological changes in the Company’s products and included primarily raw material and finished goods. The major elements of the written down raw material consists of components and items that had not entered into production. The finished goods inventory includes the cost of raw material inputs, labor, and overhead.
Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets:
The components of prepaid expenses and other current assets were as follows:
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Supplier advances and deposits | $ | 977 | $ | 1,162 | ||||
Amounts receivable from employees | 661 | 244 | ||||||
Prepaid insurance | 437 | 428 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets, current | 578 | — | ||||||
Other current assets | 2,338 | 1,096 | ||||||
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets | $ | 4,991 | $ | 2,930 | ||||
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Property and Equipment, net:
The components of property and equipment were as follows:
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Buildings and improvements | $ | 10,327 | $ | 5,905 | ||||
Equipment | 5,070 | 4,646 | ||||||
Computer equipment | 4,971 | 4,346 | ||||||
Automobiles | 1,590 | 1,180 | ||||||
Furniture and fixtures | 434 | 325 | ||||||
Construction in progress | 2,457 | 3,428 | ||||||
24,849 | 19,830 | |||||||
Less: Accumulated depreciation | (9,873 | ) | (7,572 | ) | ||||
Total property and equipment, net | $ | 14,976 | $ | 12,258 | ||||
Construction in progress in 2008 and 2007 primarily represented the cost to build offices and manufacturing facilities in Fushun, People’s Republic of China. The new manufacturing facilities were placed into service during October 2008. RAE plans to complete the remaining office, research and development and dormitory buildings in stages over the next 12 to 24 months. Also, in December 2008, the Company purchased land use rights in Shanghai, People’s Republic of China for $1.2 million for the purpose of building a new manufacturing and engineering facility.
In December 2007, the Company sold its headquarters building in San Jose, California for $12.7 million and leased back the facility for a period of 10 years. The Company recognized a gain on the sale of $0.4 million in 2007 which was based on the difference between the net gain on the sale of the building of $6.7 million and net present value of the future lease payments of $6.3 million. The net present value of the future lease payments is recorded as a deferred gain which will be recognized in income on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease beginning in January 2008. The deferred gain recognized in income during 2008 totaled $635,000. The lease is classified as an operating lease. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the current portion of the deferred gain of $0.6 million and $0.5 million, respectively, was included in accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $2.2 million, $2.3 million and $2.6 million, respectively.
Accrued Liabilities:
Accrued liabilities as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 are summarized as follows:
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Compensation and related benefits | $ | 2,445 | $ | 4,377 | ||||
Accrued commissions | 2,010 | 2,091 | ||||||
Customer deposits | 1,792 | 445 | ||||||
Accrued professional fees | 755 | 924 | ||||||
Other | 5,316 | 4,261 | ||||||
Total accrued liabilities | $ | 12,318 | $ | 12,098 | ||||
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Note 5. | Goodwill and Intangible Assets |
Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price and related costs over the value assigned to the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets. The following table presents the changes in goodwill during 2008 and 2007:
(In thousands) | ||||
Balance as of December 31, 2006 | $ | 3,760 | ||
Acquisitions: | ||||
Securay | 646 | |||
Purchase price adjustment — Aegison | (19 | ) | ||
Impairment charges due to discontinued operations | (1,443 | ) | ||
Currency translation adjustment | 199 | |||
Balance as of December 31, 2007 | 3,143 | |||
Currency translation adjustment | 205 | |||
Impairment charges | (3,348 | ) | ||
Balance as of December 31, 2008 | $ | — | ||
Goodwill and Other Intangibles
The Company also evaluates goodwill for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Recoverability of goodwill is measured at the reporting unit level by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount, including goodwill, to the fair value of the reporting unit, which is measured based upon, among other factors, market capitalization as well as forecasted operating results. The Company has one reporting unit. If the recorded value of the assets, including goodwill, and liabilities (“net book value”) of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss may exist. Further, to the extent the net book value of the Company as a whole is greater than its market capitalization, all, or a significant portion of its goodwill may be considered impaired.
The Company experienced a significant decline in market capitalization during the fourth quarter. This decline in market capitalization was driven largely by deteriorating macroeconomic conditions that contributed to a decline in the Company’s forecasted operating results and business uncertainties associated with the current FCPA investigation.
Pursuant to the guidance in SFAS 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (“SFAS 142”), the measurement of impairment of goodwill consists of two steps. In the first step, the fair value of the Company is compared to its carrying value. Management completed a valuation of the Company, which incorporated existing market-based considerations as well as operating information based on current results and projections, and concluded the estimated fair value of the Company was less than its net book value. Accordingly the guidance in SFAS 142 requires a second step to determine the implied fair value of the Company’s goodwill, and to compare it to the carrying value of the Company’s goodwill. This second step includes estimating the value of the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities of the Company as if it had been acquired in a business combination to determine the implied fair value of goodwill. The result of this assessment indicated that the implied fair value of goodwill was zero. As a result, the Company recognized a non-cash impairment charge of approximately $3.3 million for the three-month period and year ended December 31, 2008 to write-off the entire carrying value of its goodwill.
As a result of discontinuing the DVR business during the third quarter of 2007, the Company impaired the goodwill acquired in the purchases of Aegison and Securay. See “Note 3. Discontinued Operations” for more detail. There was no other impairment of goodwill in 2007 and 2006 as a result of the required annual impairment test.
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following table presents details of the Company’s intangible assets other than goodwill:
December 31, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross | Net | Gross | Net | |||||||||||||||||||||
Carrying | Accumulated | Carrying | Carrying | Accumulated | Carrying | |||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Amortization | Amount | Amount | Amortization | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Customer list | $ | 5,438 | $ | (2,636 | ) | $ | 2,802 | $ | 4,714 | $ | (1,574 | ) | $ | 3,140 | ||||||||||
Trade name | 1,352 | (812 | ) | 540 | 1,267 | (580 | ) | 687 | ||||||||||||||||
Total intangible assets, net | $ | 6,790 | $ | (3,448 | ) | $ | 3,342 | $ | 5,981 | $ | (2,154 | ) | $ | 3,827 | ||||||||||
All of the Company’s purchased intangible assets other than goodwill are subject to amortization. Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, was $1.2 million, $1.4 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
During 2008, the Company increased the value of the customer list from the acquisition of RAE Fushun by $435,000 and recognized a corresponding deferred tax liability. During 2007, the Company recorded impairment of $609,000 for certain patents held by RAE Beijing related to the discontinuation of a related product in the fourth quarter of 2007. An impairment analysis was performed in accordance with SFAS 144 for this intangible asset which determined that the carrying value was not recoverable.
As a result of discontinuing the DVR business during the third quarter of 2007, the Company impaired the remaining balance of the intangible assets acquired in the purchases of Aegison and Securay. An impairment charge of $1.6 million was recognized during the quarter ended September 30, 2007 and is included in the net loss from discontinued operations reported in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Based on the carrying amount of intangible assets as of December 31, 2008, the estimated future amortization is as follows(in thousands):
Years Ended December 31, | ||||
2009 | $ | 921 | ||
2010 | 902 | |||
2011 | 636 | |||
2012 | 371 | |||
2013 | 280 | |||
Thereafter | 232 | |||
Total amortization | $ | 3,342 | ||
Note 6. | Income Taxes |
The Company’s loss from continuing operations before income taxes and minority interest consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
United States | $ | (4,934 | ) | $ | (5,973 | ) | $ | (3,213 | ) | |||
Foreign | (1,911 | ) | 1,320 | 913 | ||||||||
Loss before income taxes and minority interest | $ | (6,845 | ) | $ | (4,653 | ) | $ | (2,300 | ) | |||
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The Company’s income tax expense (benefit) consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Current: | ||||||||||||
Federal | $ | (91 | ) | $ | 819 | $ | (550 | ) | ||||
State | 18 | 53 | 22 | |||||||||
Foreign | 1,832 | 1,012 | 801 | |||||||||
1,759 | 1,884 | 273 | ||||||||||
Deferred: | ||||||||||||
Federal | — | 2,917 | (878 | ) | ||||||||
State | (48 | ) | 862 | (189 | ) | |||||||
Foreign | (1,173 | ) | 220 | (88 | ) | |||||||
(1,221 | ) | 3,999 | (1,155 | ) | ||||||||
Total income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 538 | $ | 5,883 | $ | (882 | ) | |||||
A reconciliation of the Company’s income tax expense (benefit) at the federal statutory rate to the income tax expense (benefit) at the effective tax rate is as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Federal income tax benefit at statutory rate | $ | (2,327 | ) | $ | (1,582 | ) | $ | (725 | ) | |||
State income tax benefit, net of federal benefit | 18 | (486 | ) | (117 | ) | |||||||
Foreign tax expense (benefit) | 1,116 | (53 | ) | (81 | ) | |||||||
Nondeductible expenses | 90 | 132 | 157 | |||||||||
Subpart F | 320 | — | — | |||||||||
Other | 363 | 561 | (359 | ) | ||||||||
Change in valuation allowance | 958 | 7,311 | 243 | |||||||||
Total income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 538 | $ | 5,883 | $ | (882 | ) | |||||
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The components of the Company’s net deferred taxes consisted of the following:
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Deferred tax assets: | ||||||||
Fixed assets | $ | 30 | $ | 28 | ||||
Other temporary differences | 547 | 472 | ||||||
Other accruals | 4,468 | 3,006 | ||||||
Capitalized research and development | 233 | 448 | ||||||
Unrealized foreign losses & temporary differences | 2,722 | 2,007 | ||||||
Federal and state tax credits | 423 | 352 | ||||||
Stock-based compensation | 2,034 | 2,118 | ||||||
Valuation allowance | (9,389 | ) | (8,431 | ) | ||||
Total deferred tax assets | 1,068 | — | ||||||
Deferred tax liabilities: | ||||||||
Intangibles | (574 | ) | (277 | ) | ||||
Total deferred tax liabilities | (574 | ) | (277 | ) | ||||
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | $ | 494 | $ | (277 | ) | |||
In assessing the recoverability of its deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent on the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred tax liabilities, historical and projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment.
U.S. income taxes were provided for deferred taxes on the undistributed earnings ofnon-U.S. subsidiaries that are not expected to be permanently reinvested in such companies. There has been no provision for U.S. income taxes for the remaining undistributed earnings of approximately $4.0 million as of December 31, 2008, because the Company intends to reinvest these earnings indefinitely in operations outside the United States. It is not practical to determine the federal income tax consequences upon repatriation.
Under the Tax Reform Act of 1986, the amount of and benefits from net operating loss carry forwards may be impaired or limited in certain circumstances. Events which cause limitations in the amount of net operating loss and credit carryforwards that the Company may utilize in any one year include, but are not limited to, a cumulative ownership change of more than 50%, as defined, over a three-year period. The Company has approximately $5.0 million of federal net operating loss which is scheduled to expire in 2027.
In July 2008, the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008 was enacted. Under this law, companies can elect to accelerate a portion of their unused alternative minimum tax credit and credit for increased research activities in lieu of the 50-percent “bonus” depreciation enacted in February 2008. The Company has analyzed and determined that it will not have any significant benefit from this election. As of December 31, 2008, the Company has federal research and development credit carryforwards of approximately $73,000, which are scheduled to expire in 2027, if not utilized.
The California2008-2009 Budget Bill, enacted on September 30, 2008, resulted in two temporary changes to the Company’s 2008 California income tax. First, the bill suspends the use of net operating loss carryovers for two years, 2008 and 2009. Second, the bill limits the use of research and development credit carryovers to no more than 50% of the tax liability before credits. As of December 31, 2008, the Company had research and development credit
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
carryforwards of approximately $0.1 million for California income tax purposes. The California credits are not subject to expiration under current California tax law. The change in California law resulted in income taxes for 2008 of approximately $8,000.
The Company has been granted a tax holiday for its Fushun, China subsidiary whereby the Company is entitled to a full exemption from China income tax starting with the first year of positive accumulated earnings and a 50% reduction from the statutory rate for the following three years. The statutory rate for the entity is currently estimated at 25%. As of December 31, 2008, the entity has made cumulative profit and thus began its first year of exemption of China income tax.
In 2006, the Internal Revenue Service completed its examination of the Company’s federal income tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2004. Based on the results of the examination, the Company paid $391,000 to the IRS in April 2006. In 2006, the tax authority in Denmark, Skat, completed the audit of the Company’s subsidiary in Denmark for the year ended December 31, 2004 without any adjustment. Subsequent periods remain subject to examination; however, no audits are currently in process.
The Company’s valuation allowance was determined in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 109, which requires an assessment of both positive and negative evidence when determining whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets are recoverable, with such assessment being required on a jurisdiction by jurisdiction basis. Management believes that sufficient uncertainty exists with regard to the realizability of its tax assets with exception of $0.5 million of foreign deferred tax assets, such that a valuation allowance is necessary. Factors considered in providing a valuation allowance include the lack of a significant history of consistent profits, the current weakness in the overall market, and the uncertainty of when economic fundamentals will stabilize, thereby potentially impacting the Company’s ability to sustain or grow revenues and earnings, and the length of carryback and carryforward periods.
Based on the absence of sufficient positive objective verifiable evidence at December 31, 2008, the Company concluded that it was appropriate to establish a full valuation allowance for its net deferred tax assets. Throughout fiscal year 2008, the Company had a valuation allowance for future tax benefits, related to certain foreign net operating losses. As a result, the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets increased by $1.0 million from $8.4 million at January 1, 2008, to approximately $9.4 million at December 31, 2008. The Company expects to provide a full valuation allowance on future tax benefits until it can sustain a level of profitability that demonstrates its ability to utilize these assets. The amount of the deferred tax asset valuation allowance, however, could be reduced in future periods to the extent that future taxable income is realized.
Prior to 2008, exposures were settled primarily through the settlement of audits within each individual tax jurisdiction or the closing of a statute of limitation. Exposures can also be affected by changes in applicable tax law or other factors, which may cause management to believe a revision of past estimates is appropriate. Management believes that an appropriate liability has been established for income tax exposure; however, actual amounts may differ materially from these estimates.
The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48,“Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”(“FIN 48”) on January 1, 2007. Under FIN 48, the impact of an uncertain tax position that is more likely than not of being sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority must be recognized at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained. No portion of an uncertain tax position will be recognized if the position has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. Also, under FIN 48, interest expense is recognized on the full amount of deferred benefits for uncertain tax positions. As of December 31, 2008, the Company has recorded tax contingency reserves of approximately $1.4 million inclusive of interest of $0.3 million which are included within income taxes payable in the consolidated balance sheet.
On December 31, 2008, the Company had $1.4 million of unrecognized tax benefits, $1.1 million of which would affect its effective tax rate if recognized. The Company does not anticipate any material changes to its uncertain tax positions in the next 12 months.
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of unrecognized tax benefits (“UTB”)is as follows:
(In thousands) | ||||
Balance at January 1, 2007 | $ | 778 | ||
Positions taken related to prior years | 306 | |||
Positions taken during the current year | 109 | |||
Balance at January 1, 2008 | 1,193 | |||
Positions taken related to prior years | — | |||
Positions taken during the current year | (64 | ) | ||
Reduction to UTB due to settlement with tax authorities | (12 | ) | ||
Balance at December 31, 2008 | $ | 1,117 | ||
The Company recognizes interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions in the income tax expense. At December 31, 2008, and January 1, 2008, the provision for interest and penalties was $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The ultimate amount and timing of any future cash settlements cannot be predicted with reasonable certainty.
We conduct business globally and, as a result, one or more of our subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. In the normal course of business, we are subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including such major jurisdictions as China, Hong Kong, Denmark, UK, France, and the United States. We are no longer subject to U.S. federal, ornon-U.S. income tax examinations for years before 2005.
In many cases the Company’s uncertain tax positions are related to tax years that remain subject to examination by tax authorities. The following describes the open tax years, by major tax jurisdiction, as of December 31, 2008:
United States — Federal | 2005 - present | |||
United States — State | 2004 - present | |||
China | 2006 - present | |||
Hong Kong | 2005 - present | |||
Denmark | 2007 - present |
Note 7. | Lines of Credit |
The Company maintains credit facilities to support its operations in the United States and the People’s Republic of China.
In the United States, the Company had a $15.0 million revolving credit agreement as of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007. This credit facility is renewed annually and currently expires on March 13, 2009. The Company is currently renegotiating the terms of this line of credit with its bank and on March 11, 2009, the Company received an extension on its existing line to May 12, 2009 which also changed certain other terms and conditions. The amended credit agreement provides for borrowings of up to $10.0 million based on a percentage of specific qualifying assets and a blanket security interest in the Company’s assets in the United States. The Company is required to comply with certain reporting requirements in addition to the ongoing requirement to submit quarterly financial statements. Interest accrues at the floating prime bank lending rate plus 100 basis points subject to a minimum total rate of 5%. In addition, the Company pays 30 basis points annually of the average unused portion of the facility. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in securing a renewed agreement on this line of credit for any period after May 12, 2009. As of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $1.8 million and zero, respectively, was outstanding against the revolving credit agreement.
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
A financial covenant under the revolving credit agreement required the Company to have EBITDA of at least $3.5 million for the period from July 1, 2008 through December 31, 2008. The Company was not in compliance with this covenant, however, the lender issued a waiver for the non compliance.
In China, as of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the Company had two unsecured revolving lines of credit, each in the amount of RMB 20 million or approximately $2.9 million, available to provide working capital. Borrowings under these lines of credit are generally at the current market rate for fixed rate loans of the amount and duration requested, up to one year. The credit facilities are renewed annually in May and October, respectively.
As of December 31, 2008, RMB 5 million or approximately $0.7 million was outstanding under the lines of credit. Interest accrues on this balance at a fixed rate of 6.3315%. The outstanding balance is due on April 30, 2009.
As of December 31, 2007, RMB 9 million or approximately $1.2 million was outstanding under the lines of credit. Interest accrued on this balance at a fixed rate of 6.48%. Principal payments of RMB 5 million and RMB 4 million were made when due on March 23, 2008 and July 24, 2008, respectively.
In addition, as of December 31, 2007, the Company had fully drawn down an unsecured line of credit in China for RMB 10 million or approximately $1.4 million. Interest accrued on this balance at a fixed rate of 8.019%. The outstanding balance was repaid when due on August 31, 2008.
Note 8. | Commitments and Contingencies |
Legal Proceedings
Regulatory Compliance
During fiscal year 2008, the Company’s internal audit department identified certain payments and gifts made by certain personnel in the Company’s China operations that may have violated the FCPA. Following this discovery, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors initiated an independent investigation. The Company has made a voluntary disclosure to the DOJ and the SEC regarding the results of its investigation. The Company has also implemented additional policies and controls with respect to compliance with the FCPA. The FCPA and related statutes and regulations provide for potential monetary penalties, criminal sanctions and in some cases debarment from doing business with the U.S. federal government in connection with FCPA violations. The Company is cooperating with the DOJ and the SEC in connection with their review of the matter and is seeking to achieve a negotiated resolution of all matters pertaining to the transactions in question. However, the final outcome of this or any future government investigation cannot be predicted with certainty and any indictment, conviction or material fine, debarment or settlement arising out of these investigations could have a material adverse affect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operation and future prospects.
Legal proceedings
Polimaster Ltd. et al. v. RAE Systems Inc., United States District Court for the Northern District of California, CaseNo. 05-CV-01887-JF, United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit,No. 08-15708
Polimaster Ltd. and Na&Se Trading Company, Ltd. (“Polimaster”) filed a complaint against the Company on May 9, 2005, in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California in a case titled Polimaster Ltd., et al. v. RAE Systems Inc. (CaseNo. 05-CV-01887-JF). The complaint alleges, among other things, that the Company breached its contract with Polimaster and infringed upon Polimaster’s intellectual property rights. The dispute is subject to a contractual arbitration agreement, although the federal court has retained jurisdiction over the matter pending completion of the arbitration. The arbitration was conducted in the spring of 2007.
In September 2007, a Final Award was issued in the arbitration. The arbitrator ruled that Polimaster failed to prove its claims and was not entitled to any relief; that the Company had proven its counterclaims and was awarded damages of approximately $2.4 million; and that as the prevailing party, the Company was entitled to recover costs
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
in the amount of $46,000. On October 5, 2007, RAE Systems filed a motion to confirm the Final Award. On October 17, 2007, Polimaster filed an opposition to RAE Systems’ motion to confirm the Final Award and filed its own motion to vacate the Final Award. Both motions were heard on December 7, 2007, and the district court confirmed the Final Award by an order dated February 25, 2008. The district court entered judgment in favor of RAE Systems and against Polimaster on January 23, 2009. Although the Company has been awarded damages, attorney’s fees and costs, at this time, the Company is unable to determine whether it will be able to collect these amounts due to uncertainty regarding Polimaster’s financial condition and other factors.
Polimaster has appealed the portion of the district court’s order confirming the award of damages and costs to the Company in connection with its counterclaims, and the appeal is currently pending in the United States court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Briefing on the appeal has been completed by both sides. Oral argument has not been scheduled at this time.
Notwithstanding the Polimaster proceeding described above, from time to time, the Company is engaged in various legal proceedings incidental to its normal business activities. Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company believes the final outcome of such matters will not have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Leases
As of December 31, 2008, the Company had an equipment lease in San Jose, California that was classified as a capital lease in accordance with SFAS No. 13,“Accounting for Leases”(“SFAS 13”). As of December 31, 2008, the current portion of the lease, which matures in September 2009, was $58,000 and was included in accrued liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The equipment lease bears an interest rate of 9.7%.
The Company and its subsidiaries lease certain manufacturing, warehousing and other facilities under operating leases. The leases generally provide for the lessee to pay taxes, maintenance, insurance and certain other operating costs of the leased property. Total rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was $1,760,000, $1,109,000 and $654,000, respectively. Excluding the Sunnyvale, California abandoned building lease as described below, future minimum annual payments under non-cancellable leases were as follows as of December 31, 2008(in thousands):
Years Ended December 31, | Capital | Operating | ||||||
2009 | $ | 58 | $ | 1,988 | ||||
2010 | 1,468 | |||||||
2011 | 1,359 | |||||||
2012 | 1,274 | |||||||
2013 | 1,311 | |||||||
Thereafter | 4,742 | |||||||
Total minimum lease payments | 58 | $ | 12,142 | |||||
Less: Amount representing interest | (2 | ) | ||||||
Present value of minimum lease payments | $ | 56 | ||||||
In December 2004, the Company moved into its current corporate headquarters in San Jose, California and abandoned a leased facility in Sunnyvale, California. During the second quarter of 2005, the Company accrued a restructuring reserve of approximately $2.0 million for the remaining lease term of the former headquarters in Sunnyvale. The discount rate used was 4.85% and the liability was not reduced for any anticipated future sublease income. In March 2007, due to improved conditions for office rentals, the Company revised the estimated loss on abandonment of the lease and reduced operating expense by $595,000. During the second quarter of 2007, a sublease was executed with rents commencing in June 2007. As of December 31, 2008, future discounted lease
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
payments related to the Sunnyvale building are included in accrued liabilities totaling $250,000. The lease will expire in October 2009. Rent payments for 2008, 2007 and 2006 were $490,000, $396,000 and $366,000, respectively, for the Sunnyvale building with sublease income of $176,000 and $97,000 in 2008 and 2007, respectively. Future minimum lease payments through expiration of the lease are $439,000 in 2009. Estimated income to be generated from the sublease is $136,000.
Purchase obligations
Although open purchase orders are considered enforceable and legally binding, the terms generally allow the Company the option to cancel, reschedule and adjust requirements based on business needs prior to the delivery of goods or performance of services. Obligations to purchase inventory and other commitments are generally expected to be fulfilled within one year and were estimated at $4.9 million at December 31, 2008.
During 2007 the Company began to construct RAE Fushun’s new manufacturing and administrative facility in China. The estimated cost to complete this project in 2009 and beyond is $2.3 million and is not deemed to be a contractual obligation as the underlying contract does not specify a financial commitment.
Guarantees
The Company is permitted under Delaware law and required under our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws to indemnify its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limits, while the officer is or was serving at the Company’s request in such capacity. The term of the indemnification period is for the officer’s or director’s lifetime. The maximum amount of potential future indemnification is unlimited; however, the Company has a Director and Officer Insurance Policy that limits its exposure and enables it to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. To date the Company has not incurred any losses under these agreements.
The Company typically agrees to indemnify its customers for any expenses or liability resulting from claimed infringements of patents, trademarks or copyrights of third parties. The terms of these indemnification agreements are generally perpetual any time after execution of the agreement. The maximum amount of potential future indemnification is unlimited. To date, the Company has not paid any amounts to settle claims or defend lawsuits.
Product Warranties
The Company sells the majority of its products with a 12 to 24 month repair or replacement warranty from the date of shipment. The Company provides an accrual for estimated future warranty costs based upon the historical relationship of warranty costs to sales. The estimated future warranty obligations related to product sales are recorded in the period in which the related revenue is recognized under accrued liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table presents changes in the Company’s warranty reserve during 2008 and 2007:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 884 | $ | 553 | ||||
Provision for warranty | 844 | 1,304 | ||||||
Utilization of reserve | (1,041 | ) | (992 | ) | ||||
Foreign currency translation effects | 20 | 19 | ||||||
Balance at end of year | $ | 707 | $ | 884 | ||||
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Note 9. | Employee Benefit Plan |
The Company sponsors the RAE Systems 401(k) Plan (the “Plan”), a defined contribution plan which provides retirement benefits for its eligible employees through tax deferred salary deductions. The Plan allows employees to contribute up to 60% of their annual compensation subject to statutory maximum levels. The Plan is available to all employees in the United States who have reached the age of 21. The Plan provides for employer matching contributions of 25% on each employee’s elective contributions for the first 6.0% of eligible compensation contributed. Company contributions vest at the rate of 25% per annum over the first 4 years of service. Employer matching contributions to the Plan totaled $113,000, $129,000 and $113,000 for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Note 10. | Stock-Based Compensation |
Stock Option Plans
In June 2007, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”) to replace the Company’s 2002 Stock Option Plan (the “2002 Plan”). The 2007 Plan authorizes the grant of options to employees, directors and consultants to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock.
Four million shares of the Company’s common stock are authorized for issuance under the 2007 Plan. The maximum number of shares that may be issued under the 2007 Plan will be increased from time to time by shares subject to options granted under the 2002 Plan that expire or are terminated and by shares acquired under the 2002 Plan that are forfeited or repurchased by the Company for the option holder’s purchase price. However, no more than 1.5 million additional shares may be authorized for issuance under the 2007 Plan as a result of these adjustments. During the year ended December 31, 2008, 812,000 shares have been added to the 2007 Plan due to qualifying adjustments from the 2002 Plan.
Incentive options may be granted at not less than 100% of the fair market value per share and non-statutory options may be granted at not less than 85% of the fair market value per share of the underlying stock at the date of grant as determined by the Board of Directors or committee thereof, except for options granted to a person owning greater than 10% of the outstanding stock, for which the exercise price must not be less than 110% of the fair market value. Options granted under the Plans generally vest 25% after one year with the remainder vesting pro-rata monthly over the following three years. If not exercised, options generally expire ten years after the date of grant.
The total intrinsic value of options exercised during 2008 and 2007 was $179,000 and $30,000, respectively. In connection with these exercises, no tax benefit was realized as the Company has a full valuation allowance on its deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2008, the unrecognized future estimated stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and net of expected forfeitures was $1.9 million. That cost is expected to be recorded over an estimated amortization period of 2.8 years.
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
The following is a summary of stock option activity (in thousands, except weighted-average amounts):
Options Outstanding | ||||||||
Number of | Weighted-Average | |||||||
Shares | Exercise Price | |||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2005 | 2,702 | $ | 2.92 | |||||
Granted | 1,141 | 3.69 | ||||||
Exercised | (342 | ) | 1.15 | |||||
Canceled | (362 | ) | 4.42 | |||||
Balance as of December 31, 2006 | 3,139 | 3.22 | ||||||
Granted | 855 | 2.73 | ||||||
Exercised | (32 | ) | 2.25 | |||||
Canceled | (239 | ) | 4.18 | |||||
Balance as of December 31, 2007 | 3,723 | 3.05 | ||||||
Granted | 1,299 | 1.51 | ||||||
Exercised | (149 | ) | 0.29 | |||||
Canceled | (680 | ) | 3.83 | |||||
Balance as of December 31, 2008 | 4,193 | 2.55 | ||||||
The following table summarizes significant ranges of outstanding and exercisable options as of December 31, 2008:
Options Outstanding | Options Exercisable | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Weighted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remaining | Weighted | Aggregate | Remaining | Weighted | Aggregate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number | Contractual | Average | Intrinsic | Number | Contractual | Average | Intrinsic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Range of | of | Life | Exercise | Value | of | Life | Exercise | Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise Prices | Shares | (in Years) | Price | (’000) | Shares | (in Years) | Price | (’000) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
$0.00 — 0.50 | 120,877 | 2.51 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 56 | 120,877 | $ | 0.08 | $ | 56 | |||||||||||||||||||||
0.51 — 1.00 | 87,936 | 3.99 | 0.58 | — | 87,936 | 0.58 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1.01 — 1.50 | 1,468,282 | 7.67 | 1.31 | — | 428,282 | 1.07 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
1.51 — 2.00 | 200,000 | 9.28 | 1.87 | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2.01 — 2.50 | 284,167 | 8.64 | 2.28 | — | 80,729 | 2.29 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2.51 — 3.00 | 445,000 | 8.25 | 2.88 | — | 190,308 | 2.87 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
3.01 — 4.00 | 1,189,324 | 7.14 | 3.66 | — | 813,799 | 3.62 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
4.01 — 5.00 | 152,500 | 5.38 | 4.81 | — | 148,854 | 4.83 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
5.01 — 6.00 | 220,000 | 5.26 | 5.28 | — | 220,000 | 5.28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6.01 — 7.00 | 25,000 | 5.87 | 6.43 | — | 24,791 | 6.43 | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
4,193,086 | 7.28 | 2.55 | $ | 56 | 2,115,576 | 5.76 | 2.95 | $ | 56 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
The aggregate intrinsic value in the table above represents the total pretax intrinsic value, based on the excess of the Company’s closing stock price of $0.54 as of December 31, 2008 over the options holders’ exercise price, which would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that date. The total number of in-the-money options exercisable as of December 31, 2008 was 169,000. As of December 31, 2008, the stock options outstanding included 3,810,082 options which were either vested or are expected to vest, with a weighted-average exercise price of $2.61, and aggregate intrinsic value of $56,000 and a remaining contractual term of 7.11 years.
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
In May 2008, the Company granted an aggregate of 150,000 shares of common stock to non-employee directors under the 2007 Plan. The weighted-average grant date fair value of these awards is $1.40. The shares are not subject to vesting and compensation expenses of $210,000 was recognized on date of grant. As of December 31, 2008 no unvested grants of restricted stock were outstanding under the 2007 Plan.
Non-Plan Stock Options
In 2002, the Company granted certain of its Directors non-plan options to purchase 400,000 shares of restricted stock at a weighted average exercise price of $0.99 per share. The options vested 25% after one year with the remainder vesting pro-rata monthly over the following three years. The vested options are exercisable over ten years from date of grant. During 2008, no stock-based compensation expense related to non-plan stock options remained to be recorded.
The following is a summary of activity for the non-plan stock options (in thousands, except per share amounts):
�� | Options Outstanding | |||||||
Number | Weighted-Average | |||||||
of Shares | Exercise Price | |||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2005 | 337 | $ | 1.02 | |||||
Granted | — | — | ||||||
Exercised | (237 | ) | 1.01 | |||||
Canceled | — | — | ||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2006 | 100 | 1.06 | ||||||
Granted | — | — | ||||||
Exercised | — | — | ||||||
Canceled | — | — | ||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2007 | 100 | 1.06 | ||||||
Granted | — | — | ||||||
Exercised | — | — | ||||||
Canceled | — | — | ||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2008 | 100 | 1.06 | ||||||
The following table summarizes the outstanding and exercisable non-plan stock options as of December 31, 2008:
Options Outstanding | Options Exercisable | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted | Weighted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Average | Average | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remaining | Weighted | Aggregate | Remaining | Weighted | Aggregate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Number | Contractual | Average | Intrinsic | Number | Contractual | Average | Intrinsic | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Range of | of | Life | Exercise | Value | of | Life | Exercise | Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Exercise Prices | Shares | (in Years) | Price | (’000) | Shares | (in Years) | Price | (’000) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
$1.06 | 100,000 | 3.41 | $ | 1.06 | $ | — | 100,000 | 3.41 | $ | 1.06 | $ | — |
Non-Plan Restricted Stock
In 2006, the Company granted 536,000 shares of restricted stock to four individuals as an inducement to join the Company. Twenty five percent of this restricted stock or 134,000 shares vested in July 2007 with the remainder vesting pro-rata quarterly over the following three years. In August 2007, concurrent with discontinuing the Company’s DVR business, the Company terminated two of these individuals. As a result, the remainder of their
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
restricted stock awards or 203,571 shares vested immediately and a charge of $596,000 was included in the loss from discontinued operations. See “Note 3. Discontinued Operations” for more detail.
The fair market value of the Company’s common shares on the dates the awards were granted represents unrecognized deferred stock compensation which is being amortized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period of the underlying stock awards. As of December 31, 2008, $158,000 of estimated stock-based compensation expense related to restricted stock awards remains to be recorded. That cost is expected to be recorded over an amortization period of 1.5 years.
The following is a summary of activity for the non-plan awards (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Restricted Stock Awards | ||||||||
Weighted-Average | ||||||||
Number | Grant-Dated | |||||||
of Shares | Fair Value | |||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2005 | — | $ | — | |||||
Granted | 536 | 2.81 | ||||||
Vested | — | — | ||||||
Forfeited | — | — | ||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2006 | 536 | 2.81 | ||||||
Granted | — | — | ||||||
Vested | (354 | ) | 2.81 | |||||
Forfeited | — | — | ||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2007 | 182 | 2.81 | ||||||
Granted | — | — | ||||||
Vested | (73 | ) | 2.81 | |||||
Forfeited | — | — | ||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2008 | 109 | 2.81 | ||||||
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
As required by SFAS 123(R), management made an estimate of expected forfeitures and is recognizing compensation cost for those equity awards expected to vest. The impact on the Company’s results from continuing operations of recording stock-based compensation by function for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 was as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||
Cost of sales | $ | 11 | $ | 23 | $ | 54 | ||||||
Sales and marketing | 49 | 109 | 90 | |||||||||
Research and development | 307 | 325 | 213 | |||||||||
General and administrative | 1,226 | 1,414 | 1,188 | |||||||||
Total | $ | 1,593 | $ | 1,871 | $ | 1,545 | ||||||
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
In addition, the Company recorded the following stock-based compensation expenses from discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2007 | 2006 | |||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||
Sales and marketing | $ | 628 | $ | 75 | ||||
Research and development | 53 | 6 | ||||||
Total | $ | 681 | $ | 81 | ||||
No stock-based compensation expense from discontinued operations was recorded during fiscal 2008.
Valuation Assumptions
The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option on the date of grant using a Black-Scholes-Merton (BSM) valuation model and a single option award approach. The fair value of each option grant is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the vesting period. The weighted-average assumptions applied are summarized below:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2006 | ||||
Expected volatility | 60-65% | 65% | 75-79% | |||
Expected dividend yield | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | |||
Risk-free interest rate | 2.7-3.6% | 4.8% | 5.0% | |||
Expected term in years | 5.5-6.0 | 5.5 | 6.1 | |||
Weighted-average grant date fair value | $0.89 | $1.66 | $2.62 |
Expected Volatility — The Company’s expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock, adjusted by management for unusual and non-representative stock price activity not expected to recur.
Expected Dividend — The BSM valuation model calls for a single expected dividend yield as an input. The Company has not paid a dividend in the past and does not anticipate paying a dividend in the near future.
Risk-Free Interest Rate — The Company bases the risk-free interest rate on the implied yield currently available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term. When the expected term of the Company’s stock-based award does not correspond with the terms for which interest rates are quoted, the Company performs a straight-line interpolation between available maturities.
Expected Term — The Company’s expected term represents the weighted-average period that the Company’s stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. From the first quarter of 2007, the Company has used the historical exercise patterns of previously granted options in relation to the Company’s stock price to estimate expected exercise patterns. Prior to 2007, the Company applied the “Simplified Method” as defined in the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107.
Estimated Forfeitures — To estimate forfeitures, the Company applies its historical rate of option forfeitures. Estimated forfeiture rates aretrued-up to actual forfeiture results as the stock-based awards vest.
Note 11. | Related Party Transactions |
The Company accounts for its 40% ownership in Renex Technologies Ltd. (“Renex”), a Hong Kong company, following the equity method. The Company’s total investment in Renex at December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $448,000 and $405,000, respectively. The Company recorded an equity interest in gain of Renex of $43,000 and
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
$3,000 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, and a loss of $194,000 for the year ended December 31, 2006.
The Company pays a 7.5% royalty to Renex for modems incorporated into certain RAE Systems products. In 2008, 2007 and 2006, the Company made royalty payments amounting to zero, $84,000 and $91,000, respectively. The Company also paid $181,000, $149,000 and $254,000 to Renex for a research project in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
The Company recorded zero and $1,000 of investment and additional paid in capital in 2008 and 2007, respectively, to properly reflect the carrying value of its investment and its prorated share of the net equity of Renex.
In conjunction with the original and subsequent additional investment in RAE Beijing, unsecured notes payable were established for the previous RAE Beijing shareholders as part of the purchase price agreement in May 2004 and July 2006. As of December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007, $1,329,000 and $191,000, respectively, were included in current notes payable to related parties and $1,219,000 and $2,370,000, respectively, were included in long term notes payable to related parties.
The notes issued in conjunction with the original RAE Beijing purchase in May 2004 were non-interest bearing and were recorded at net present value using a discount rate of 5.5%. In conjunction with the additional investment in RAE Beijing in July 2006, 11.0 million shares of preferred stock were issued to four shareholders of RAE Beijing. In accordance with FAS 150, these preferred shares were classified as liabilities and were recorded as long-term notes payable to related parties. Although, these preferred shares bear a dividend yield rate of 3% per annum, the notes payable were discounted using a market interest rate of 6.48%.
Scheduled payments of principal under the notes from 2009 through maturity in 2011 are $1,329,000, $609,000 and $610,000, respectively.
In addition to its 40% ownership in Renex, the Company has investments in two distributors of RAE Systems products, RAE Benelux and RAE Spain. The Company owns 10% and 19% of RAE Benelux and RAE Spain, respectively. These investments are accounted for under the cost method.
The Liaoning Group owns a 30% interest in RAE Fushun and is also a supplier to RAE Fushun.
Transactions and balances with the Company’s related parties were as follows:
Year Ended December 31, | December 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousand) | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||
Sales: | Accounts receivable: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Renex | $ | 282 | $ | 228 | $ | 91 | Renex | $ | 100 | $ | 21 | |||||||||||
RAE Benelux | 2,287 | 1,596 | 1,041 | RAE Benelux | 411 | 287 | ||||||||||||||||
RAE Spain | 604 | 442 | 331 | RAE Spain | 192 | 202 | ||||||||||||||||
$ | 3,173 | $ | 2,266 | $ | 1,463 | $ | 703 | $ | 510 | |||||||||||||
Purchases: | Accounts payable: | |||||||||||||||||||||
Liaoning Group | $ | 20 | $ | 4,448 | $ | — | Liaoning Group | $ | 72 | $ | 566 | |||||||||||
Renex | 677 | 675 | 573 | Renex | 382 | 411 | ||||||||||||||||
RAE Benelux | — | — | — | RAE Benelux | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
RAE Spain | — | — | — | RAE Spain | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
$ | 697 | $ | 5,123 | $ | 573 | $ | 454 | $ | 977 | |||||||||||||
The Company’s Director of Information Systems, Lien Chen, is the wife of our Chief Executive Officer, Robert Chen. Ms. Chen was paid a salary and bonus of $111,000, $96,000 and $103,000 for 2008, 2007 and 2006,
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
respectively. Ms. Chen also receives standard employee benefits offered to all other full-time U.S. employees. Ms. Chen does not report to Robert Chen and compensation decisions regarding Ms. Chen are performed in the same manner as other U.S. employees, with Robert Chen the final approval signatory on compensation recommendations.
Note 12. | Fair Value Measurements |
The Company uses the following methods and assumptions in estimating the fair value of financial assets and liabilities:
Cash and cash equivalents and bank line of credit: The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets approximate fair value due to the short-term maturity of these instruments.
Notes payable to related parties: The fair value was determined by discounting these non-interest bearing notes payables at an interest rate commensurate with commercial borrowing rates available to the Company in China.
SFAS No. 157 “Fair Value Measurements” requires that assets and liabilities carried at fair value will be classified and disclosed in one of the following three categories:
Level 1: Quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Observable market based inputs or unobservable inputs that are corroborated by market data.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that are not corroborated by market data.
The carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities were as follows:
December 31, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
Carrying | Carrying | |||||||||||||||||||
Category | Amounts | Fair Value | Amounts | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Bank lines of credit | Level 1 | 2,584 | 2,584 | 2,618 | 2,618 | |||||||||||||||
Notes payable to related parties | Level 2 | 2,548 | 2,548 | 2,561 | 2,561 |
Note 13. | Geographic Information |
The Company operates primarily in three geographic regions: Americas, Asia and Europe. The following tables present net sales and identifiable long-lived assets by geographic region:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | % | 2007 | % | 2006 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Americas | $ | 38,467 | 40 | $ | 37,011 | 41 | $ | 32,803 | 49 | |||||||||||||||
Asia | 41,422 | 44 | 42,107 | 46 | 26,024 | 38 | ||||||||||||||||||
Europe | 15,494 | 16 | 11,718 | 13 | 8,894 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total net sales | $ | 95,383 | 100 | $ | 90,836 | 100 | $ | 67,721 | 100 | |||||||||||||||
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
December 31, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||
2008 | % | 2007 | % | |||||||||||||
(In thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net | ||||||||||||||||
Americas | $ | 533 | 4 | $ | 784 | 6 | ||||||||||
Asia | 14,228 | 95 | 11,292 | 92 | ||||||||||||
Europe | 215 | 1 | 182 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Total property and equipment, net | $ | 14,976 | 100 | $ | 12,258 | 100 | ||||||||||
Net sales in China were $38.1 million or 40%, $39.1 million or 43% and $23.9 million or 35% of total net sales in 2008, 2007 and 2006 respectively. China held $14.2 million or 95% and $11.3 million or 92% of total net property and equipment as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The majority of the Company’s net sales in Americas and Asia are to customers domiciled in the United States and the People’s Republic of China, respectively. The Company performs credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition when considered necessary and generally does not require cash collateral from its customers. These evaluations require significant judgment and are based on a variety of factors including, but not limited to, current economic trends, historical payments, bad debt write-off experience, and financial review of the customer.
Note 14. | Quarterly Information (Unaudited) |
The summarized quarterly financial data presented below reflect all adjustments, which, in the opinion of management, are of a normal and recurring nature necessary to present fairly the results of operations for the periods presented.
First | Second | Third | Fourth | |||||||||||||||||
Quarter | Quarter | Quarter | Quarter | 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 17,869 | $ | 24,647 | $ | 28,845 | $ | 24,022 | $ | 95,383 | ||||||||||
Gross profit | 8,855 | 13,091 | 15,775 | 10,494 | 48,215 | |||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations | (2,557 | ) | 498 | 1,379 | (5,409 | ) | (6,089 | ) | ||||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations | (2,346 | ) | (472 | ) | 558 | (4,903 | ) | (7,163 | ) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax | 10 | 5 | (4 | ) | — | 11 | ||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) | (2,336 | ) | (467 | ) | 554 | (4,903 | ) | (7,152 | ) | |||||||||||
Basic net income (loss) per common share: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Continuing operations | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.01 | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.12 | ) | ||||||
Discontinued operations | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||||||
Basic net income (loss) per common share | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.01 | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.12 | ) | ||||||
Diluted net income (loss) per common share: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Continuing operations | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.01 | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.12 | ) | ||||||
Discontinued operations | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
Diluted net income (loss) per common share | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.01 | $ | (0.08 | ) | $ | (0.12 | ) | ||||||
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RAE SYSTEMS INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)
First | Second | Third | Fourth | |||||||||||||||||
Quarter(1) | Quarter(1) | Quarter(1) | Quarter(1) | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Net sales | $ | 17,934 | $ | 20,056 | $ | 25,333 | $ | 27,513 | $ | 90,836 | ||||||||||
Gross profit | 9,134 | 9,987 | 13,322 | 13,965 | 46,408 | |||||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations | (2,206 | ) | (1,966 | ) | 1,156 | (1,155 | ) | (4,171 | ) | |||||||||||
Income (loss) from continuing operations | (2,066 | ) | (2,223 | ) | 875 | (7,128 | ) | (10,542 | ) | |||||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | (253 | ) | (232 | ) | (3,291 | ) | (378 | ) | (4,154 | ) | ||||||||||
Net loss | (2,319 | ) | (2,455 | ) | (2,416 | ) | (7,506 | ) | (14,696 | ) | ||||||||||
Basic net income (loss) per common share: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Continuing operations | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | 0.01 | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.18 | ) | ||||||
Discontinued operations | $ | — | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.07 | ) | ||||||
Basic net loss per common share | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.13 | ) | $ | (0.25 | ) | |||||
Diluted net income (loss) per common share: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Continuing operations | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | 0.01 | $ | (0.12 | ) | $ | (0.18 | ) | ||||||
Discontinued operations | — | (0.01 | ) | (0.05 | ) | (0.01 | ) | (0.07 | ) | |||||||||||
Diluted net loss per common share | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | (0.05 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.13 | ) | $ | (0.25 | ) | |||||
(1) | In August 2007, the Board of Directors approved the discontinuation of the Company’s DVR business. Impairment expenses recognized in fiscal 2007 totaled $4.2 million. Prior quarters’ results were adjusted to reflect discontinued operations. |
F-38