UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(MARK ONE)
x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED: June 30, 2009
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 000-28009
RAINMAKER SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| | |
Delaware | | 33-0442860 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
900 East Hamilton Ave., Suite 400
Campbell, California 95008
(address of principal executive offices) (zip code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (408) 626-3800
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
(1) Yes x No ¨
(2) Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ¨ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
| | | | | | |
Large accelerated filer | | ¨ | | Accelerated filer | | ¨ |
| | | |
Non-accelerated filer | | ¨ | | Smaller reporting company | | x |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ¨ No x
As of August 6, 2009, the registrant had 21,562,693 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
RAINMAKER SYSTEMS, INC.
FORM 10-Q
AS OF JUNE 30, 2009
TABLE OF CONTENTS
2
PART I.—FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. | CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
RAINMAKER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2009 | | | December 31, 2008 | |
ASSETS | | | | | | | | |
Current assets: | | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ | 16,730 | | | $ | 20,040 | |
Restricted cash | | | 65 | | | | 942 | |
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $107 at June 30, 2009 and $550 at December 31, 2008 | | | 7,887 | | | | 10,560 | |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | | | 2,213 | | | | 2,092 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current assets | | | 26,895 | | | | 33,634 | |
Property and equipment, net | | | 8,451 | | | | 10,222 | |
Intangible assets, net | | | 1,021 | | | | 1,611 | |
Goodwill | | | 3,507 | | | | 3,507 | |
Other non-current assets | | | 2,509 | | | | 2,472 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total assets | | $ | 42,383 | | | $ | 51,446 | |
| | | | | | | | |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | | | | | | | | |
Current liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts payable | | $ | 9,907 | | | $ | 10,220 | |
Accrued compensation and benefits | | | 981 | | | | 1,201 | |
Other accrued liabilities | | | 1,991 | | | | 2,981 | |
Deferred revenue | | | 2,869 | | | | 3,825 | |
Current portion of capital lease obligations | | | 240 | | | | 226 | |
Current portion of notes payable | | | 1,725 | | | | 1,725 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total current liabilities | | | 17,713 | | | | 20,178 | |
Deferred tax liability | | | 262 | | | | 198 | |
Long term deferred revenue | | | 154 | | | | 543 | |
Capital lease obligations, less current portion | | | — | | | | 240 | |
Notes payable, less current portion | | | 1,412 | | | | 2,608 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities | | | 19,541 | | | | 23,767 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Commitments and contingencies | | | | | | | | |
| | |
Stockholders’ equity: | | | | | | | | |
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding | | | — | | | | — | |
Common stock, $0.001 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized, 22,342,126 shares issued and 21,645,324 shares outstanding at June 30, 2009 and 21,579,251 shares issued and 21,178,010 shares outstanding at December 31, 2008 | | | 20 | | | | 19 | |
Additional paid-in capital | | | 119,904 | | | | 118,628 | |
Accumulated deficit | | | (94,521 | ) | | | (88,681 | ) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | | | (1,359 | ) | | | (1,355 | ) |
Treasury stock, at cost, 696,802 shares at June 30, 2009 and 401,241 shares at December 31, 2008 | | | (1,202 | ) | | | (932 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total stockholders’ equity | | | 22,842 | | | | 27,679 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | | $ | 42,383 | | | $ | 51,446 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
3
RAINMAKER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Net revenue | | $ | 11,534 | | | $ | 17,817 | | | $ | 23,897 | | | $ | 38,419 | |
Cost of services | | | 6,267 | | | | 10,422 | | | | 13,377 | | | | 21,029 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | | 5,267 | | | | 7,395 | | | | 10,520 | | | | 17,390 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales and marketing | | | 1,037 | | | | 2,183 | | | | 2,471 | | | | 4,257 | |
Technology and development | | | 2,392 | | | | 3,643 | | | | 5,456 | | | | 6,895 | |
General and administrative | | | 2,267 | | | | 3,615 | | | | 5,022 | | | | 7,042 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | | 1,461 | | | | 1,949 | | | | 3,143 | | | | 3,702 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expense | | | 7,157 | | | | 11,390 | | | | 16,092 | | | | 21,896 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating loss | | | (1,890 | ) | | | (3,995 | ) | | | (5,572 | ) | | | (4,506 | ) |
Interest and other (expense) income, net | | | 42 | | | | 186 | | | | (91 | ) | | | 530 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Loss before income tax expense | | | (1,848 | ) | | | (3,809 | ) | | | (5,663 | ) | | | (3,976 | ) |
Income tax expense | | | 92 | | | | 114 | | | | 177 | | | | 224 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (1,940 | ) | | $ | (3,923 | ) | | $ | (5,840 | ) | | $ | (4,200 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic loss per share | | $ | (0.10 | ) | | $ | (0.20 | ) | | $ | (0.30 | ) | | $ | (0.22 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted loss per share | | $ | (0.10 | ) | | $ | (0.20 | ) | | $ | (0.30 | ) | | $ | (0.22 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average common share | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | | 19,236 | | | | 19,367 | | | | 19,240 | | | | 19,347 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted | | | 19,236 | | | | 19,367 | | | | 19,240 | | | | 19,347 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
4
RAINMAKER SYSTEMS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
(Unaudited)
| | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | $ | (5,840 | ) | | $ | (4,200 | ) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | | | | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment | | | 2,553 | | | | 2,011 | |
Amortization of intangible assets | | | 590 | | | | 1,691 | |
Stock-based compensation expense | | | 1,275 | | | | 1,024 | |
(Credit) provision for allowances for doubtful accounts | | | (332 | ) | | | 291 | |
Amortization of discount on notes receivable | | | — | | | | 124 | |
Loss on disposal of fixed assets | | | 193 | | | | 76 | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | | | | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | | | 2,981 | | | | 6,844 | |
Prepaid expenses and other assets | | | (175 | ) | | | 868 | |
Accounts payable | | | (271 | ) | | | (15,618 | ) |
Accrued compensation and benefits | | | (263 | ) | | | 164 | |
Other accrued liabilities | | | (966 | ) | | | (1,136 | ) |
Income tax payable | | | (24 | ) | | | (142 | ) |
Deferred tax liability | | | 66 | | | | 62 | |
Deferred revenue | | | (1,345 | ) | | | 483 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in operating activities | | | (1,558 | ) | | | (7,458 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Investing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Purchases of property and equipment | | | (966 | ) | | | (2,801 | ) |
Restricted cash, net | | | 877 | | | | (209 | ) |
Payment for contingent consideration in a business acquisition | | | — | | | | (1,000 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | | (89 | ) | | | (4,010 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from option exercises | | | — | | | | 19 | |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock from ESPP | | | 2 | | | | 10 | |
Principal payment of notes payable | | | (1,188 | ) | | | (1,062 | ) |
Principal payment of capital lease obligations | | | (226 | ) | | | (253 | ) |
Tax payments in connection with treasury stock surrendered | | | (129 | ) | | | (118 | ) |
Purchases of treasury stock | | | (141 | ) | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | |
Net cash used in financing activities | | | (1,682 | ) | | | (1,404 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash: | | | 19 | | | | (43 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents | | | (3,310 | ) | | | (12,915 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | | | 20,040 | | | | 37,407 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | | $ | 16,730 | | | $ | 24,492 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Supplement disclosures of cash flow information: | | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for interest | | $ | 131 | | | $ | 46 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Cash paid for taxes | | $ | 112 | | | $ | 276 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Supplemental non-cash investing and financing activities: | | | | | | | | |
Acquisition of assets under capital lease | | $ | — | | | $ | 719 | |
| | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes.
5
RAINMAKER SYSTEMS, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
— UNAUDITED —
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Rainmaker Systems, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (“Rainmaker”, “we”, “our” or “the Company”). All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. The interim financial statements are unaudited but reflect all normal recurring adjustments, which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair presentation of the results of these periods.
The results of our operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2009, or any other period. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with Rainmaker’s financial statements and notes thereto included in Rainmaker’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 31, 2009. Balance sheet information as of December 31, 2008 has been derived from the audited financial statements for the year then ended.
Certain amounts reported in the accompanying financial statements for 2008 have been reclassified to conform to the 2009 presentation. Such reclassifications had no effect on previously reported results of operations, total assets or accumulated deficit.
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Business
We are a leading provider of sales and marketing solutions, combining hosted application software and execution services designed to drive more revenue for our clients. Our core services include the following: service contract sales and renewals, software license sales, subscription renewals and warranty extension sales (“service sales”); lead generation, qualification and management (“lead development”); and hosted application software for training sales (“training sales”).
We operate in one business segment as determined by revenue generated from sales and marketing solutions. We have operations within the United States of America, Canada, the Philippines and the United Kingdom where we perform services on behalf of our clients to customers who are primarily located in North America.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Rainmaker Systems, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Our estimates are based on historical experience, input from sources outside of the company, and other relevant facts and circumstances. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Accounting policies that include particularly significant estimates are revenue recognition and presentation policies, valuation of accounts receivable, measurement of our deferred tax asset and the corresponding valuation allowance, allocation of purchase price in business combinations, fair value estimates for the expense of employee stock options and the assessment of recoverability and measuring impairment of goodwill, intangible assets, fixed assets and commitments and contingencies.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
We consider all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents generally consist of money market funds and certificates of deposit. The fair market value of cash equivalents represents the quoted market prices at the balance sheet dates and approximates their carrying value.
6
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our clients’ customers to make required payments of amounts due to us. The allowance is comprised of specifically identified account balances for which collection is currently deemed doubtful. In addition to specifically identified accounts, estimates of amounts that may not be collectible from those accounts whose collection is not yet deemed doubtful but which may become doubtful in the future are made based on historical bad debt write-off experience. If the financial condition of our clients’ customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required. At June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, our allowance for potentially uncollectible accounts was $107,000 and $550,000, respectively.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation of property and equipment is recorded using the straight-line method over the assets’ estimated useful lives. Computer equipment and capitalized software are depreciated over two to five years and furniture and fixtures are depreciated over five years. Amortization of leasehold improvements is recorded using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful lives of the assets. Amortization of fixed assets under capital leases is included in depreciation expense.
Costs of internal use software are accounted for in accordance with Statement of Position 98-1 (“SOP 98-1”),Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software Developed or Obtained for Internal Use, and Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-02 (“EITF 00-02”),Accounting for Website Development Costs. SOP 98-1 and EITF 00-02 require that we expense computer software and website development costs as they are incurred during the preliminary project stage. Once the capitalization criteria of SOP 98-1 and EITF 00-02 have been met, external direct costs of materials and services consumed in developing or obtaining internal-use software, including website development, the payroll and payroll-related costs for employees who are directly associated with and who devote time to the internal use computer software and associated interest costs are capitalized. Capitalized costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the term of related client agreement, if such development relates to a specific outsource client, or the software’s estimated useful life, ranging from two to five years. Capitalized internal use software and website development costs are included in property and equipment in the accompanying balance sheets.
Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We completed six acquisitions during the period January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2007. For these acquisitions, we applied the guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Statement No. 141,Business Combinations in accounting for the assets related to these acquisitions. Goodwill represents the excess of the acquisition purchase price over the estimated fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually or more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. In our analysis of goodwill and other intangible assets we apply the guidance of FASB Statement No. 142,Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets(“SFAS 142”) in determining whether any impairment conditions exist. In our analysis of other finite lived amortizable intangible assets, we apply the guidance of and FASB Statement No. 144,Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets(“SFAS 144”) in determining whether any impairment conditions exist. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s fair value. Intangible assets are attributable to the various technologies, customer relationships and trade names of the businesses we have acquired.
In the 4th quarter of 2008, we performed our annual goodwill impairment evaluation required under SFAS 142 and concluded that goodwill was impaired along with our other intangible assets under SFAS 144. The impairment was a result of our market capitalization declining significantly with the price of our stock, declining sales, depressed market conditions, deteriorating industry trends, and a significant downward revision of our forecasts. The ultimate result of the impairment evaluation was a charge in the 4th quarter of $13.7 million to write off the entire amount of goodwill on two of our reporting units (Lead Development and Rainmaker Asia) and a charge of approximately $2.2 million to write off a majority of the other intangible assets on these same two reporting units.
We report segment results in accordance with SFAS No. 131,Segment Reporting (“SFAS 131”). We have identified three operating segments in accordance with SFAS 131: Contract Sales, Lead Development, and Rainmaker Asia. The Company’s chief operating decision maker reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by detailed information listing revenues by customer, for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. Further, our operating segments have similar long-term average gross margins. Accordingly, the Company has concluded that we have one reportable segment. However, in accordance with SFAS 142, we are required to test goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level which is an operating segment or one level below an operating segment. Thus, our reporting units for goodwill impairment testing are our operating segments of Contract Sales, Lead Development and Rainmaker Asia.
7
Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets including our purchased intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives. In accordance with SFAS 144, long-lived assets, such as property, equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized by the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposed group classified as held for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.
In the 4th quarter of 2008, in connection with the goodwill impairment testing discussed above, we had to evaluate our other long-lived assets which included amortized intangible assets. Based on this analysis, we determined that the carrying value of our amortizable intangible assets exceeded their fair value based upon the estimated discounted cash flows related to the assets and we recorded impairment charges of approximately $1.1 million related to intangible assets held at the Lead Development reporting unit, and approximately $1.1 million related to intangible assets held at the Rainmaker Asia reporting unit.
Revenue Recognition and Presentation
Substantially all of our revenue is generated from the sale of service contracts and maintenance renewals, lead development services and software subscriptions for hosted Internet sales of web based training. We recognize revenue from the sale of our clients’ service contracts and maintenance renewals under the provisions of Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 104,Revenue Recognition and on the “net basis” in accordance with EITF Issue No. 99-19,Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent.Revenue from the sale of service contracts and maintenance renewals is recognized when a purchase order from a client’s customer is received, the service contract or maintenance agreement is delivered, the fee is fixed or determinable, the collection of the receivable is reasonably assured, and no significant post-delivery obligations remain unfulfilled. Revenue from lead development services we perform is recognized as the services are accepted and is generally earned ratably over the service contract period. Some of our lead development service revenue is earned when we achieve certain attainment levels and is recognized upon customer acceptance of the service. We earn revenue from our software application subscriptions of hosted online sales of web based training ratably over each contract period, having considered EITF 00-03:Application of AICPA SOP 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition, to Arrangements that Include the Right to Use Software Stored on Another Entity’s Hardware, which distinguishes hosting services that might fall under the scope of SOP 97-2:Software Revenue Recognition. Since these software subscriptions are usually paid in advance, we have recorded a deferred revenue liability on our balance sheet that represents the prepaid portions of subscriptions that will be earned over the next one to two years.
We also evaluate our agreements for multiple element arrangements, taking into consideration the guidance from both EITF 00-21:Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables,and Technical Practice Aid 5100.39:Software Revenue Recognition for Multiple-Element Arrangements.Our agreements typically do not contain multiple deliverables. However, in the few instances where our agreements have contained multiple deliverables, they do not have value to our customers on a standalone basis, and therefore the deliverables are considered together as one unit of accounting. Revenue is then recorded using the proportional performance model, where revenue is recognized as performance occurs, based on the relative value of the performance that has occurred at that point in time compared to that of the total contract.
Our revenue recognition policy involves significant judgments and estimates about collectability. We assess the probability of collection based on a number of factors, including past transaction history and/or the creditworthiness of our clients’ customers, which is based on current published credit ratings, current events and circumstances regarding the business of our clients’ customer and other factors that we believe are relevant. If we determine that collection is not reasonably assured, we defer revenue recognition until such time as collection becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of cash payment.
In addition, we provide an allowance in accrued liabilities for the cancellation of service contracts that occurs within a specified time after the sale, which is typically less than 30 days. This amount is calculated based on historical results and constitutes a reduction of the net revenue we record for the commission we earn on the sale.
8
Costs of Services
Costs of services consist of costs associated with promoting and selling our clients’ products and services including compensation costs of sales personnel, sales commissions and bonuses, costs of designing, producing and delivering marketing services, and salaries and other personnel expenses related to fee-based activities. Costs of services also include the cost of allocated facility and telephone usage for our telesales representatives as well as other direct costs associated with the delivery of our services. Most of the costs are personnel related and are mostly variable in relation to our net revenue. Bonuses and sales commissions will typically change in proportion to revenue or profitability.
Advertising
We expense advertising costs as incurred. These costs were not material and are included in sales and marketing expense.
Income Taxes
We account for income taxes using the liability method in accordance with FASB Statement No. 109,Accounting for Income Taxes (“SFAS 109”). SFAS 109 requires recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been recognized in our financial statements, but have not been reflected in our taxable income. A valuation allowance is established to reduce deferred tax assets to their estimated realizable value. Therefore, we provide a valuation allowance to the extent that we do not believe it is more likely than not that we will generate sufficient taxable income in future periods to realize the benefit of our deferred tax assets. At June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, we had gross deferred tax assets of $27.0 million and $23.8 million, respectively. In 2009 and 2008, the deferred tax asset was subject to a 100% valuation allowance and therefore is not recorded on our balance sheet as an asset. Realization of our deferred tax assets is limited and we may not be able to fully utilize these deferred tax assets to reduce our tax rates.
In July 2006, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in any entity’s financial statements in accordance with SFAS 109,Accounting for Income Taxes and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attributes for financial statement disclosure of tax positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under FIN 48, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. Additionally, FIN 48 provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006.
Our policy for recording interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions is to record such items as a component of income before taxes. Penalties, interest paid and interest received are recorded in interest and other income (expense), net, in the statement of operations. There were immaterial amounts accrued for interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as of June 30, 2009.
Stock-Based Compensation
On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123 (revised 2004),Share-Based Payment, (“SFAS 123(R)”) which establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, primarily focusing on accounting for transactions where an entity obtains employee services in share-based payment transactions.
The Company adopted SFAS 123(R) using the modified-prospective transition method, which requires the application of the accounting standard as of January 1, 2006, the first day of the Company’s fiscal year 2006. In accordance with the modified-prospective transition method, the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements for prior periods were not restated to reflect, and do not include, the impact of SFAS 123(R).
SFAS 123(R) requires companies to estimate the fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model. The value of the portion of the award that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of Operations. Prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), the Company accounted for stock-based awards to employees and directors using the intrinsic value method in accordance with Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25,Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, as allowed under SFAS No. 123,Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation (“SFAS 123”). Under the intrinsic value method, no stock-based compensation expense had been recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations, other than option grants to employees and directors below the fair market value of the underlying stock at the date of grant. See Note 8 for further discussion of this statement and its effects on the financial statements presented herein.
9
Concentrations of Credit Risk and Credit Evaluations
Our financial instruments that expose us to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and trade accounts receivable.
We place our cash and cash equivalents in a variety of financial institutions and limit the amount of credit exposure through diversification and by investing the funds in money market accounts and certificates of deposit which are insured by the FDIC. At times, the balance of cash deposits is in excess of the FDIC insurance limits.
We sell our clients’ products and services primarily to business end users and, in most transactions, assume full credit risk on the sale. Credit is extended based on an evaluation of the financial condition of our client’s customer, and collateral is generally not required. Credit losses have traditionally been immaterial, and such losses have been within management’s expectations.
We have generated a significant portion of our revenue from sales to customers of a limited number of clients. In the three months ended June 30, 2009, three clients accounted for more than 10% of our revenue. Sun Microsystems accounted for approximately 25% of our revenue, Hewlett-Packard represented approximately 16% of our revenue and Symantec accounted for approximately 11% of our revenue. In the six months ended June 30, 2009, two clients accounted for more than 10% of our revenue with Sun Microsystems representing approximately 20% of our revenue and Hewlett-Packard representing approximately 17% of our revenue. In the three months ended June 30, 2008, one client, Hewlett-Packard, accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue and represented approximately 22% of our net revenue. In the six months ended June 30, 2008, two clients accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue with Hewlett-Packard representing approximately 19% and Dell representing approximately 16% of our net revenue.
No individual client’s end-user customer accounted for 10% or more of our revenues in any period presented.
We have outsourced services agreements with our clients that expire at various dates ranging through December 2011. We have multiple contract sales agreements with Hewlett-Packard, a significant client, which expire in August to October of 2009, if not renewed prior to expiration. We have various agreements with Sun Microsystems, currently our largest client, with various termination provisions ranging from termination with 60 days notice to termination rights in August 2010. Clients may require us to restructure our agreements which may result in program changes that could lead to a reduction in our revenue. Some of our client agreements contain automatic renewal clauses. These clients may, however, terminate their contracts in accordance with the provisions of each contract. In most cases, a client must provide us with advance written notice of its intention to terminate. Any loss of a single significant client or changes to client programs may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, cash flows and results of operations.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The amounts reported as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short-term maturities.
The fair value of short-term and long-term capital lease and debt obligations is estimated based on current interest rates available to us for debt instruments with similar terms, degrees of risk and remaining maturities. The carrying values of these obligations, as of each period presented, approximate their respective fair values.
Segment Reporting
We report segment results in accordance with SFAS 131. We have identified three operating segments in accordance with SFAS 131: Contract Sales, Lead Development, and Rainmaker Asia. The Company’s chief operating decision maker reviews financial information presented on a consolidated basis, accompanied by detailed information listing revenues by customer, for purposes of making operating decisions and assessing financial performance. Further, our operating segments have similar long-term average gross margins. Accordingly, the Company has concluded that we have one reportable segment. We have call centers within the United States of America, Canada, the Philippines, and the United Kingdom where we perform services on behalf of our clients to customers who are almost entirely located in North America.
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The following is a breakdown of net revenue by product line for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2009 | | 2008 |
Contract sales | | $ | 5,721 | | $ | 6,171 | | $ | 10,770 | | $ | 15,963 |
Lead development | | | 4,694 | | | 10,526 | | | 10,895 | | | 20,265 |
Training sales | | | 1,119 | | | 1,120 | | | 2,232 | | | 2,191 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 11,534 | | $ | 17,817 | | $ | 23,897 | | $ | 38,419 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Foreign revenues are attributed to the country of the business entity that executed the contract. The Company utilizes our call centers in the United States, Canada, the Philippines, and the United Kingdom to fulfill these contracts. Property and equipment information is based on the physical location of the assets and goodwill and intangible information is based on the country of the business entity to which these are allocated. The following is a geographic breakdown of net revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 and net long-lived assets as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three months ended June 30, | | Six months ended June 30, |
| | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2009 | | 2008 |
Net Revenue | | | | | | | | | | | | |
United States | | $ | 9,998 | | $ | 15,514 | | $ | 20,975 | | $ | 33,599 |
Cayman Islands | | | 1,075 | | | 1,753 | | | 2,080 | | | 3,748 |
Philippines | | | 461 | | | 550 | | | 842 | | | 1,072 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total | | $ | 11,534 | | $ | 17,817 | | $ | 23,897 | | $ | 38,419 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2009 | | December 31, 2008 |
Property & Equipment, net | | | | | | |
| | |
United States | | $ | 5,146 | | $ | 6,380 |
| | |
Philippines | | | 2,861 | | | 3,508 |
| | |
Canada | | | 304 | | | 334 |
| | |
United Kingdom | | | 140 | | | — |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Total | | $ | 8,451 | | $ | 10,222 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
| | June 30, 2009 | | December 31, 2008 |
Goodwill | | | | | | |
| | |
United States | | $ | 3,507 | | $ | 3,507 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Total | | $ | 3,507 | | $ | 3,507 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
| | June 30, 2009 | | December 31, 2008 |
Intangible Assets, net | | | | | | |
| | |
United States | | $ | 575 | | $ | 1,011 |
| | |
Cayman Islands | | | 446 | | | 600 |
| | | | | | |
| | |
Total | | $ | 1,021 | | $ | 1,611 |
| | | | | | |
Foreign Currency Translation
During January 2007, we established a Canadian foreign subsidiary and subsequently purchased the Canadian based assets of CAS Systems. Additionally, in July 2007, we purchased Qinteraction Limited and its Philippine-based subsidiary. In the first quarter of 2009, we established our Rainmaker Europe subsidiary in London, England. The functional currency of our foreign subsidiaries
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was determined to be their respective local currencies (Canadian Dollar, Philippine Peso, and Great Britain Pound), in accordance with FASB Statement No. 52,Foreign Currency Translation. Foreign currency assets and liabilities are translated at the current exchange rates at the balance sheet date. Revenues and expenses are translated at weighted average exchange rates in effect during the year. The related unrealized gains and losses from foreign currency translation are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of stockholders’ equity in the consolidated balance sheet and consolidated statement of stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss). Net gains and losses resulting from foreign exchange transactions are included in interest and other income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of operations.
Related Party Transactions
We have made purchases of computer equipment and services from several vendors including Hewlett-Packard, one of our two largest clients. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, we purchased equipment from Hewlett-Packard totaling $45,000 and $45,000, respectively. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, we purchased equipment from Hewlett-Packard totaling $35,000 and $60,000, respectively.
The Chairman of our board of directors also serves on the board of Saama Technologies, a technology services firm. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, we paid Saama Technologies $41,000 and $189,000, respectively, for technology services. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, we paid Saama Technologies $35,000 and $66,000, respectively. We may continue to utilize their services and may expand the scope of Saama Technologies’ engagement in the future.
In October 2007, we closed an original equipment manufacturer licensing agreement with Market2Lead, Inc. (“Market2Lead”), a software-as-a-service provider of business-to-business automated marketing solutions, to further enhance LeadWorks, Rainmaker’s on-demand marketing automation application. In connection with this agreement, Rainmaker provided Market2Lead with growth financing of $2.5 million in secured convertible and term debt. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, we paid Market2Lead approximately $33,000 and $48,000, respectively, for marketing services. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, we paid Market2Lead approximately $16,000 and $230,000, respectively, for marketing services. We may continue to utilize their services and may expand the scope of the services that they provide to us in the future.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157,Fair Value Measurements(“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 replaces the different definitions of fair value in the accounting literature with a single definition. It defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. SFAS 157 is effective for us for financial instruments beginning in January 2008 and non-financial instruments beginning in January 2009. The adoption of SFAS 157 for financial instruments in the first quarter of 2008 and for non-financial assets in the first quarter of 2009 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R,Business Combinations (“SFAS 141R”). SFAS 141R requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction at fair value as of the acquisition date. SFAS 141R is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We will apply the provisions of SFAS 141R to our future acquisitions.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements(“SFAS 160”), an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51 (“ARB 51”). SFAS 160 amends ARB 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary, which is sometimes referred to as a minority interest, is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in our Consolidated Financial Statements. Among other requirements, this statement requires that the consolidated net income attributable the parent and the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated income statement. SFAS 160 is effective for the first fiscal period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 160 in the first quarter of 2009 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 165, “Subsequent Events” (“SFAS 165”), which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. The Company adopted SFAS 165 in the second quarter of fiscal 2009.
In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, a replacement of FASB Statement No. 162” (“SFAS 168”). SFAS 168 establishes the FASB
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Standards Accounting Codification (“Codification”) as the source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) recognized by the FASB to be applied to nongovernmental entities and rules and interpretive releases of the SEC as authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The Codification will supersede all the existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards upon its effective date and subsequently, the FASB will not issue new standards in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts. SFAS 168 also replaces FASB Statement No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” given that once in effect, the Codification will carry the same level of authority. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of this statement in the third quarter of this year will have an impact on its financial statement disclosures.
Basic net loss per common share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted loss per common share also gives effect, as applicable, to the potential dilutive effect of outstanding stock options and warrants, using the treasury stock method, unvested restricted share awards, and convertible securities, using the if converted method, as of the beginning of the period presented or the original issuance date, if later.
The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net (loss) income per common share (in thousands, except per share data):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Net loss | | $ | (1,940 | ) | | $ | (3,923 | ) | | $ | (5,840 | ) | | $ | (4,200 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding – basic | | | 19,236 | | | | 19,367 | | | | 19,240 | | | | 19,347 | |
Plus: Outstanding dilutive options and warrants outstanding | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
Less: weighted-average shares subject to repurchase | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted-average shares used to compute diluted net loss per share | | | 19,236 | | | | 19,367 | | | | 19,240 | | | | 19,347 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic net loss per share | | $ | (0.10 | ) | | $ | (0.20 | ) | | $ | (0.30 | ) | | $ | (0.22 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Diluted net loss per share | | $ | (0.10 | ) | | $ | (0.20 | ) | | $ | (0.30 | ) | | $ | (0.22 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
In the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the Company excluded certain unvested restricted share awards, options and warrants from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because these securities were anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, the Company excluded the dilutive effect of all 4.2 million unvested restricted share awards, options and warrants because these securities were anti-dilutive. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2008, the Company excluded the dilutive effect of all 3.9 million unvested restricted share awards, options and warrants because these securities were anti-dilutive.
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Estimated Useful Life | | June 30, 2009 | | | December 31, 2008 | |
Property and equipment: | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
Computer equipment | | 3 years | | $ | 9,619 | | | $ | 9,878 | |
Capitalized software and development | | 2-5 years | | | 14,866 | | | | 14,868 | |
Furniture and fixtures | | 5 years | | | 1,100 | | | | 1,086 | |
Leasehold improvements | | Lease term | | | 1,240 | | | | 1,360 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | 26,825 | | | | 27,192 | |
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | | | | | (18,749 | ) | | | (17,248 | ) |
Construction in process (1) | | | | | 375 | | | | 278 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Property and equipment, net | | | | $ | 8,451 | | | $ | 10,222 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
(1) | Construction in process at June 30, 2009, consists primarily of costs incurred to further develop and enhance the Company’s Global ERP system and ViewCentral Training & Event Management Platform. Estimated cost to complete these projects is in the range of $20,000 - $50,000 subject to future revisions. |
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| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Estimated Useful Life | | June 30, 2009 | | | December 31, 2008 | |
Intangible assets: | | | | | | | | | | |
Developed technology | | 3-5 years | | $ | 920 | | | $ | 920 | |
Customer relations | | 2-5 years | | | 2,790 | | | | 2,790 | |
Database | | 5 years | | | 147 | | | | 147 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | 3,857 | | | | 3,857 | |
Accumulated amortization | | | | | (2,836 | ) | | | (2,246 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Intangibles assets, net | | | | $ | 1,021 | | | $ | 1,611 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Future amortization of intangible assets at June 30, 2009 is as follows:
| | | |
| | Intangible Amortization |
Remainder of 2009 | | $ | 435 |
Fiscal: 2010 | | | 419 |
2011 | | | 149 |
2012 | | | 18 |
| | | |
Total future amortization | | $ | 1,021 |
| | | |
6. | LONG-TERM DEBT and CAPITAL LEASE OBLIGATIONS |
Long-term debt consists of the following (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2009 | | | December 31, 2008 | |
Note Payable - CAS | | $ | 667 | | | $ | 1,333 | |
Revolving Credit Facility – Bridge Bank (Equipment finance sub-facility) | | | 2,470 | | | | 3,000 | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | 3,137 | | | | 4,333 | |
Less: Current Portion | | | (1,725 | ) | | | (1,725 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
Total Long-Term Debt | | $ | 1,412 | | | $ | 2,608 | |
| | | | | | | | |
Notes Payable – CAS
In connection with our acquisition of the assets of CAS Systems and its Canadian subsidiary, Rainmaker and its Canadian subsidiary, Rainmaker Systems (Canada) Inc., issued notes payable in the amounts of $1.4 million and $600,000, respectively. The two notes are payable in three consecutive annual installments of approximately $467,000 and $200,000, respectively, each, commencing on January 25, 2008, with subsequent installments payable on the anniversary date in 2009 and 2010. The notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.36% per annum on the outstanding principal amount which is payable at the end of each calendar quarter. The first and second annual installments of these notes in the aggregate amount of $667,000 each were paid in January 2008 and 2009. The final installment of approximately $667,000 is due to be paid in January 2010.
Revolving Credit Facility
In April 2004, we entered into a business loan agreement and a commercial security agreement with Bridge Bank. The Revolving Credit Facility originally matured in May 2005, and provided borrowing availability up to a maximum of $3.0 million through a secured revolving line of credit that included a $1.0 million letter of credit facility. In December 2005, our Business Loan Agreement and a Commercial Security Agreement (the Revolving Credit Facility) was increased to $4.0 million from the then existing $2.0 million. In addition, on July 6, 2007 the maturity date was extended to October 2007 from December 2006 and in June 2008, the maturity date was extended to October 10, 2008. During October 2008, we executed further amendments to the Revolving Credit Facility. The amendments extend the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility from October 10, 2008 to October 10, 2009 and increase the maximum amount of revolving credit available from $4,000,000 to $6,000,000, with a $1,000,000 sub-facility
14
for standby letters of credit and a new $3,000,000 sub-facility for the purpose of purchasing new equipment until December 31, 2008. The interest rate per annum for revolving advances under the Revolving Credit Facility is equal to the prime lending rate, which was 3.25% as of June 30, 2009. The interest rate per annum for advances under the equipment finance sub-facility is equal to the prime rate plus 0.50%, subject to a minimum interest rate of 6.00%. Bridge Bank, at its option, may increase the interest rate payable on advances under the Revolving Credit Facility by 1.25% per annum if Rainmaker does not maintain minimum deposits of $2,000,000 in demand deposit accounts and a total of $6,000,000 in unrestricted cash with Bridge Bank. Advances under the equipment finance sub-facility shall be repaid in equal monthly installments commencing in January 2009 through October 2011. As of June 30, 2009, we had a principal balance of $2,470,000 outstanding under the equipment finance sub-facility of the Revolving Credit Facility which is being repaid in the form of a fully amortized term loan in equal monthly installments of approximately $88,000 through October 2011. We have not had any borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility during the six months ended June 30, 2009.
We are subject to certain financial covenants, including a not-to-exceed 10% covenant based upon year-to-date non-GAAP net losses as compared to the amount of loss recited in the Company’s operating plan approved by Bridge Bank. For the three months ended March 31, 2009, we failed to meet this covenant and received a waiver from Bridge Bank for this violation. For the three months ended June 30, 2009, we met and exceeded the performance measure, but not enough to overcome the first quarter shortfall. Bridge Bank has provided a subsequent waiver of the year-to-date covenant for the period ending June 30, 2009. Beginning with the quarter ended September 30, 2009, we will again be subject to this provision of the Revolving Credit Facility.
Future debt maturities at June 30, 2009 are as follows (in thousands):
| | | |
Six months ending December 31, 2009 | | $ | 530 |
Fiscal year ending December 31, 2010 | | | 1,725 |
Fiscal year ending December 31, 2011 | | | 882 |
| | | |
Total | | $ | 3,137 |
| | | |
Capital Lease Obligations
In March 2008, we entered into a 3 year software licensing agreement with Microsoft GP. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, we will pay 3 annual installments of approximately $254,000 beginning in April 2008 for the licensing rights to use certain Microsoft software. The present value of the remaining future lease payments is included as a liability on the balance sheet as a current lease obligation as of June 30, 2009. The effective annual interest rate on the capital lease obligation is estimated to be 6.25%.
In July 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a Stock Repurchase Program (the “Program”) authorizing the repurchase of up to $3 million of its common stock. Under the Program, shares may be repurchased from time to time in open market transactions at prevailing market prices. The timing and actual number of shares purchased will depend on a variety of factors, such as price, corporate and regulatory requirements, and market conditions. Repurchases under the Program will be made using the Company’s available cash or borrowings. The Program initially had a one-year term and may be commenced, suspended or terminated at any time, or from time-to-time at management’s discretion without prior notice. In May 2009, the Company’s Board of Directors approved extending the Program through January 31, 2010. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, we purchased 177,338 shares at a cost of approximately $141,000 or an average cost of $0.79 per share. Since inception of the program, we have purchased 466,020 shares at a cost of approximately $653,000 or an average cost of $1.40 per share. As of June 30, 2009, approximately $2,347,000 was available for future repurchases under the Program.
During the 2008 and 2009 fiscal years, the Company had restricted stock awards that vested. The Company is required to withhold income taxes at statutory rates based on the closing market value of the vested shares on the date of vesting. The Company offers employees the ability to have vested shares withheld by the Company in an amount equal to the amount of taxes to be withheld. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, the Company purchased 118,223 shares at a cost of approximately $130,000 from employees to cover federal and state taxes due. The repurchased shares are held as treasury shares and not included as outstanding shares.
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8. | STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION EXPENSE |
In 2003, the board of directors adopted and the shareholders approved the 2003 Stock Incentive Plan (the 2003 Plan). The 2003 Plan provides for the issuance of incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options to employees, consultants and non-employee members of the board of directors, and issuance of shares of common stock for purchase or as a bonus for services rendered (restricted stock awards). Options granted under the 2003 Plan are priced at not less than 100% of the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant and have a maximum term of ten years from the date of grant. In the case of incentive stock options granted to employees who own 10% or more of our outstanding common stock, the exercise price may not be less than 110% of the fair value of the common stock on the date of grant and such options will have a maximum term of five years from the date of grant. Options granted to employees and consultants become exercisable and vest in one or more installments over varying periods ranging up to five years as specified by the board of directors. Unexercised options expire upon, or within, six months of termination of employment, depending on the circumstances surrounding termination. Restricted stock awards granted to employees, consultants and non-employee directors typically vest over a one to four year period from the date of grant. Vesting of these awards is contingent upon continued service and any unvested awards are forfeited immediately upon termination of service.
We expense stock-based compensation to the same operating expense categories that the respective award grantee’s salary expense is reported. The table below reflects stock-based compensation expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | Six Months Ended June 30, |
| | 2009 | | 2008 | | 2009 | | 2008 |
Stock based compensation expense included: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of services | | $ | 49 | | $ | 85 | | $ | 90 | | $ | 12 |
Sales and marketing | | | 75 | | | 61 | | | 152 | | | 81 |
Technology | | | 33 | | | 85 | | | 93 | | | 167 |
General and administrative | | | 496 | | | 389 | | | 940 | | | 764 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 653 | | $ | 620 | | $ | 1,275 | | $ | 1,024 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
At June 30, 2009, approximately $4.7 million of stock-based compensation relating to unvested awards had not been amortized and will be expensed in future periods through 2013. Under current grants that are unvested and outstanding, approximately $1.3 million will be expensed in the remainder of 2009 as stock-based compensation, subject to true-up adjustments for forfeitures and vestings during the year.
We calculate the value of our stock option awards when they are granted. Accordingly, we update our valuation assumptions for the risk-free interest rate on a monthly basis and volatility on a quarterly basis and apply these to the new grants each quarter that option grants are awarded. Annually, we prepare an analysis of the historical activity within our option plans as well as the demographic characteristics of the grantees of options within our stock option plan to determine the estimated life of the grants and possible ranges of estimated forfeiture. During the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, the weighted average valuation assumptions for stock option awards and forfeiture rates used for the expense calculations for stock option and restricted stock awards were as follows:
| | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Expected life in years | | 3.65 | | | 5.15 | |
Volatility | | 91.5 | % | | 86.3 | % |
Risk-free interest rate | | 1.7 | % | | 2.8 | % |
Forfeiture Rate: | | | | | | |
Options | | 27.09 | % | | 21.07 | % |
Restricted stock | | 12.34 | % | | 9.68 | % |
Expected life of our option grants is estimated based on our analysis of our actual historical option exercises and cancellations. Expected stock price volatility is based on the historical volatility from traded shares of our stock over the expected term. The risk-free interest rate is based on the rate of a zero-coupon U.S. Treasury instrument with a remaining term approximately equal to the expected term. We have not historically paid dividends and we do not expect to pay dividends in the near term and therefore we have set the dividend rate at 0.0%.
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A summary of activity under our Stock Incentive Plans for the six months ended June 30, 2009 is as follows:
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Options Outstanding |
| | Available for Grant | | | Number of Shares | | | Weighted Average Exercise Price |
Balance at December 31, 2008 | | 284,730 | | | 1,543,722 | | | $ | 4.05 |
Authorized | | 847,120 | | | — | | | | — |
Options granted | | (332,000 | ) | | 332,000 | | | | 1.09 |
Restricted stock awards granted | | (966,500 | ) | | — | | | | — |
Options canceled | | 836,357 | | | (836,577 | ) | | | 5.02 |
Restricted stock awards forfeited | | 204,875 | | | — | | | | — |
| | | | | | | | | |
Balance at June 30, 2009 | | 874,582 | | | 1,039,145 | | | $ | 2.32 |
| | | | | | | | | |
In accordance with the 2003 Plan, the number of shares authorized for grant under the 2003 Plan automatically increase on the first trading date of January by an amount equal to the lesser of 4% of our outstanding common stock at December 31 or 1,000,000 shares. Shares outstanding at December 31, 2008 were 20,178,010 and the additional shares authorized amounted to 847,120 in the table above. We filed a registration statement on May 25, 2009, registering these additional shares.
During the six months ended June 30, 2009, there were 220 shares cancelled from our plans previous to the 2003 Plan. These shares are not eligible for future grant under the 2003 Plan.
The following table summarizes the activity with regard to restricted stock awards during the six months ended June 30, 2009. Restricted stock awards are issued from the 2003 Stock Incentive Plan and any issuances will reduce the shares available for grant as indicated in the previous table. Restricted stock awards are valued at the closing market price of the Company’s stock on the date of the grant.
| | | | | | |
| | Number of Shares | | | Weighted Average Grant Price |
Balance at December 31, 2008 | | 1,956,125 | | | $ | 2.87 |
Granted | | 966,500 | | | | 1.01 |
Vested | | (406,435 | ) | | | 2.50 |
Forfeited | | (204,875 | ) | | | 1.92 |
| | | | | | |
Balance of non-vested shares at June 30, 2009 | | 2,311,315 | | | $ | 2.23 |
| | | | | | |
The total fair value of the non-vested restricted stock awards at grant date was $5.2 million as of June 30, 2009.
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9. | OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS |
With the establishment of our Canadian foreign subsidiary and the subsequent purchase of Canadian based assets from CAS Systems on January 25, 2007, we accordingly recorded a foreign currency translation adjustment within other comprehensive loss during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, since the functional currency of this foreign location was determined to be the Canadian dollar. Additionally, on July 19, 2007, we purchased Qinteraction Limited and its Philippine-based subsidiary. The functional currency of the Philippine-based subsidiary is the Philippine peso and we have recorded a foreign currency translation adjustment within other comprehensive loss during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008. In the first quarter of 2009, we established our Rainmaker Europe subsidiary in the United Kingdom. The functional currency of this subsidiary is the Great Britain Pound and we have recorded a foreign currency translation adjustment within other comprehensive loss during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009. The components of comprehensive loss were as follows for the periods presented (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Net loss | | $ | (1,940 | ) | | $ | (3,923 | ) | | $ | (5,840 | ) | | $ | (4,200 | ) |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | | 125 | | | | (51 | ) | | | (4 | ) | | | (115 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive loss | | $ | (1,815 | ) | | $ | (3,974 | ) | | $ | (5,844 | ) | | $ | (4,315 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The components of the balance sheet caption accumulated other comprehensive loss are as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | |
| | June 30, 2009 | | | December 31, 2008 | |
Foreign currency translation adjustments | | $ | (1,359 | ) | | $ | (1,355 | ) |
| | | | | | | | |
The Company has evaluated all subsequent events through August 12, 2009, the issuance date of the financial statements for the three months ended June 30, 2009.
On July 31, 2009, Rainmaker Systems, Inc. received a cash payment for a claim which approximates 3% of its total assets as of June 30, 2009.
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ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and elsewhere. These statements relate to future events or our future financial performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential” or “continue” or the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology. These statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, including the risks outlined under Part II Item 1A - “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that may cause our, or our industry’s, actual results, levels of activity, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, levels of activities, performance or achievements expressed in or implied by such forward-looking statements.
Among the important factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include our client concentration as we depend on a small number of clients for a significant percentage of our revenue, the possibility of the discontinuation and/or realignment of some client relationships, general market conditions, the current very difficult macro-economic environment and its impact on our business as our clients are reducing their overall marketing spending and our clients’ customers are reducing their purchase of services contracts, the high degree of uncertainty and our limited visibility due to economic conditions, our ability to execute our business strategy, our ability to integrate acquisitions without disruption to our business, the effectiveness of our sales team and approach, our ability to target, analyze and forecast the revenue to be derived from a client and the costs associated with providing services to that client, the date during the course of a calendar year that a new client is acquired, the length of the integration cycle for new clients and the timing of revenues and costs associated therewith, our client concentration given that we are currently dependent on a few significant client relationships, potential competition in the marketplace, the ability to retain and attract employees, market acceptance of our service programs and pricing options, our ability to maintain our existing technology platform and to deploy new technology, our ability to sign new clients and control expenses, the financial condition of our clients’ businesses, our ability to raise additional equity or debt financing and other factors detailed in Part II Item 1A – “Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot guarantee future results, levels of activity, performance or achievements. We assume no obligation to update such forward-looking statements publicly for any reason even if new information becomes available in the future, except as may be required by law.
Overview
We are a leading provider of sales and marketing solutions, combining hosted application software and execution services designed to drive more revenue for our clients. We have three primary product lines as follows: contract sales, lead development and training sales. We have developed an integrated solution, the Rainmaker Revenue Delivery PlatformSM, that combines proprietary, on-demand application software and advanced analytics with specialized sales and marketing execution services, which can include marketing strategy development, websites, e-commerce portal creation and hosting, both inbound and outbound e-mail, chat, direct mail and telesales services.
We use the Rainmaker Revenue Delivery Platform to drive more revenue for our clients in a variety of ways to:
| • | | provide a hosted technology portal for our clients and their resellers to assist in selling renewals; |
| • | | sell, on behalf of our clients, the renewal of service contracts, software licenses and subscriptions, and warranties; |
| • | | generate, qualify and develop corporate leads, turning these prospects into qualified appointments for our clients’ field sales forces or leads for their channel partners; and |
| • | | provide a hosted application software platform that enables our clients to more effectively generate additional revenue from sales of Internet-based and in-person training. |
We operate as an extension of our clients, in that all of our interactions with our clients’ customers, utilizing our multi-channel communications platform, incorporate our clients’ brands and trademarks, complementing and enhancing our clients’ sales and marketing efforts. Thus, our clients entrust us with some of their most valuable assets - - their brand and reputation. In the course of delivering these services, we utilize our proprietary databases to access the appropriate technology buyers and key decision makers.
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We currently have approximately 113 clients, primarily in the computer hardware and software, telecommunications and financial services industries.
We have acquired several businesses that have expanded our client base and geographic presence to include international operations in Canada and the Philippines and enhanced the functionality of our Revenue Delivery Platform. These acquisitions have extended our technology capabilities and added new services which we offer across our expanding client base.
Critical Accounting Policies/Estimates
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts in our consolidated financial statements. We evaluate our estimates on an on-going basis, including those related to our revenues, asset impairments, income taxes, stock-based compensation and commitments and contingencies. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Although actual results have historically been reasonably consistent with management’s expectations, the actual results may differ from these estimates or our estimates may be affected by different assumptions or conditions.
Management has discussed the development of our critical accounting policies with the audit committee of the board of directors and they have reviewed the disclosures of such policies and management’s estimates in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
On January 1, 2007, we adopted Financial Interpretation No. 48,“Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the financial statements in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Accordingly, we have disclosed that our policy for recording interest and penalties associated with audits is to record such items as a component of income before taxes. Penalties, interest paid and interest received are recorded in interest and other income (expense), net, in the statement of operations. Interest and penalties were immaterial at the date of adoption of FIN 48.
With the establishment of our Canadian foreign subsidiary and the subsequent purchase of Canadian based assets in 2007, we adopted a policy for recording foreign currency transactions and translation in accordance with SFAS No. 52, “Foreign Currency Translation” (SFAS No. 52). For our Canadian subsidiary, the functional currency has been determined to be the local currency, and therefore, assets and liabilities are translated at period-end exchange rates, and statement of operations items are translated at an average exchange rate prevailing during the period. Such translation adjustments are recorded in accumulated comprehensive income (loss), a component of stockholders’ equity. Also in 2007, we acquired Qinteraction Limited and its Philippine-based subsidiary. As a result of this acquisition, we also adopted the policy mentioned above for recording foreign currency transactions and translations for this subsidiary as the functional currency has been determined to be the local currency for the Philippine-based subsidiary. In January of 2009, we established our Rainmaker Europe subsidiary in the United Kingdom. We adopted the policy mentioned above for recording foreign currency transactions and translations for this subsidiary as the functional currency has been determined to be the local currency (Great Britain Pound) for the UK based subsidiary. Gains and losses from foreign currency denominated transactions are included in interest and other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations. Gains from foreign currency denominated transactions amounted to approximately $63,000 and $17,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Losses from foreign currency denominated transactions amounted to $14,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to gains of approximately $9,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2008.
Management believes there have been no significant changes during the six months ended June 30, 2009 to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 31, 2009.
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Results of Operations
The following table sets forth for the periods given selected financial data as a percentage of our revenue. The table and discussion below should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes thereto which appear elsewhere in this report as well as with our financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, and with our financial statements and notes thereto included in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2009.
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | Six Months Ended June 30, | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | | 2009 | | | 2008 | |
Net revenue | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % | | 100.0 | % |
Costs of services | | 54.3 | | | 58.5 | | | 56.0 | | | 54.7 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | 45.7 | | | 41.5 | | | 44.0 | | | 45.3 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating expenses: | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Sales and marketing | | 9.0 | | | 12.3 | | | 10.3 | | | 11.1 | |
Technology and development | | 20.7 | | | 20.4 | | | 22.8 | | | 18.0 | |
General and administrative | | 19.7 | | | 20.3 | | | 21.0 | | | 18.3 | |
Depreciation and amortization | | 12.7 | | | 10.9 | | | 13.2 | | | 9.6 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Total operating expenses | | 62.1 | | | 63.9 | | | 67.3 | | | 57.0 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Operating (loss) income | | (16.4 | ) | | (22.4 | ) | | (23.3 | ) | | (11.7 | ) |
Interest and other income (expense), net | | 0.4 | | | 1.0 | | | (0.4 | ) | | 1.4 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Income (loss) before income tax expense | | (16.0 | ) | | (21.4 | ) | | (23.7 | ) | | (10.3 | ) |
Income tax expense | | 0.8 | | | 0.6 | | | 0.7 | | | 0.6 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | (16.8 | )% | | (22.0 | )% | | (24.4 | )% | | (10.9 | )% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comparison of Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
Net Revenue. Net revenue decreased $6.3 million, or 35%, to $11.5 million in the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2008. Our contract sales product line revenue was $5.7 million and decreased $450,000 from the prior year primarily resulting from a $527,000 reduction in revenue from Dell which was partially offset by increased revenue from new and existing clients. Revenue from our lead development product line was $4.7 million and decreased approximately $5.8 million as compared to the prior year due to decreases in revenues from existing clients as they reduced their marketing budgets. Revenue from our training sales product line was $1.1 million and was flat compared to the prior year.
Costs of Services and Gross Margin. Costs of services decreased $4.2 million, or 40%, to $6.3 million in the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the 2008 comparative period. The decrease is attributable primarily to reductions in telesales workforce related to declining sales from our contract sales and lead development product lines. Our gross margin percentage increased to 46% in the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to 42% for the three months ended June 30, 2008, primarily as a result of the shift in the mix of our business from lead development to contract sales.
Sales and Marketing Expenses. Sales and marketing expenses decreased $1.1 million, or 53%, to $1.0 million in the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the 2008 comparative period. The decrease is primarily due to approximately $776,000 in decreased personnel costs due to decreases in sales & marketing personnel, decreased commissions from reductions in sales, and decreases in severance and recruiting & relocation. Additionally consulting fees decreased approximately $131,000 and marketing costs decreased approximately $82,000 due to reduced corporate marketing project spending related to corporate website development. Travel and entertainment costs decreased approximately $78,000 due to corporate initiatives put in place to reduce these expenses. We expect sales and marketing expenses to decrease for the remainder of the year as compared to 2008 as the Company continues to reduce costs due to the challenging macroeconomic environment which has caused a slowdown in marketing spending by our customers.
Technology and Development Expenses. Technology and development expenses decreased $1.3 million, or 34%, to $2.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the 2008 comparative period. The decrease is primarily attributable to an approximately $664,000 reduction in fees paid to outside consultants and service providers as a result of reduced usage of these services, decreases in personnel costs of approximately $573,000, decreases in temporary employee costs of approximately $159,000,
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and decreased travel & entertainment costs of approximately $110,000 due to the reduction in our workforce. These decreases were partially offset by increased equipment and maintenance expenses of approximately $218,000 during the 2009 quarter. We expect technology and development expenses to decrease for the remainder of the year as compared to 2008 as we continue to reduce spending due to the challenging macroeconomic environment.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased $1.3 million, or 37%, to $2.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2008. The decrease was primarily due to approximately $678,000 in decreased personnel costs related to the reduction in our workforce during 2008 and the first two quarters of 2009. We also reduced temporary employee expense by $116,000 during 2009 and decreased travel & entertainment expenses approximately $77,000. Rent decreased approximately $309,000 during the quarter ended June 30, 2009, due primarily to our reduction in office space in the Philippines. In 2009, we will be required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act section 404(b) and have an audit of the Company’s internal controls for the 2009 fiscal year. We were not required to do this in 2008. Because of this, we expect audit related fees to increase going forward for the 2009 fiscal year to maintain compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses. Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased $488,000, or 25%, to $1.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the 2008 period. Amortization of intangible assets decreased by approximately $536,000 in the 2009 period, primarily as a result of the write-off of approximately $2.2 million of our amortizable intangible assets in the fourth quarter of our 2008 fiscal year. This decrease was partially offset by increases in depreciation expense related to depreciation on assets placed in service during our 2008 and 2009 fiscal year and the reduction of the useful life of leasehold improvements at our Austin facility. Because of the write-off of our amortizable intangible assets during 2008 and the reduction in our capital expenditures during 2009, we expect depreciation and amortization expense to be relatively flat as compared to the prior year for the remainder of 2009.
Interest and Other Income (Expense), Net. The components of interest and other income (expense), net are as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Three Months Ended June 30, | | | Change | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | |
Interest income | | $ | 28 | | | $ | 210 | | | $ | (182 | ) |
Interest expense | | | (49 | ) | | | (19 | ) | | | (30 | ) |
Currency translation gain | | | 63 | | | | 17 | | | | 46 | |
Other | | | — | | | | (22 | ) | | | 22 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | 42 | | | $ | 186 | | | $ | (144 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
The decrease in interest income is attributable to our decrease in cash from $24.5 million as of June 30, 2008 to $16.7 million at June 30, 2009 as we had historically invested the net proceeds received from our follow-on offering of common stock in April 2007 in interest bearing deposit accounts. Interest expense is the result of interest incurred on the notes payable issued with the purchase of the assets of CAS Systems and interest incurred on the Bridge Bank Equipment Sub-facility portion of our Revolving Line of Credit which converted to term debt at a minimum interest rate of 6% in January 2009. We made principal payments on the Bridge Bank loan during the quarter ended June 30, 2009.
The currency translation gain is primarily due to the fluctuation of currency exchange rates on a note payable to a third party denominated in United States dollars that is owed by our Canadian subsidiary in connection with our acquisition of CAS Systems. Fluctuations of currency exchange rates may have a negative effect in future periods on our financial results.
Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense decreased $22,000, or 19%, to $92,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2008. Our income tax expense for the three month period ended June 30, 2009, is based on our estimate of taxable income for the full year ending December 31, 2009, and primarily consists of estimates of foreign taxes and domestic gross margin taxes for certain states. We do not anticipate material changes to our implied effective tax rate for the year.
Comparison of Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 and 2008
Net Revenue. Net revenue decreased $14.5 million, or 38%, to $23.9 million in the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2008. Our lead development product line revenue was $10.9 million and decreased $9.4 million from the prior year due to decreases in revenues from existing clients as they reduced their marketing budgets. Revenue from
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our contract sales product line was $10.8 million and decreased approximately $5.2 million as compared to the prior year as a result of a $5.7 million reduction in revenue from Dell which was partially offset by increased revenue from new and existing clients. Revenue from our training sales product line was $2.2 million and increased approximately $41,000 as compared to the prior year as a result of increased sales to new and existing clients.
Costs of Services and Gross Margin. Costs of services decreased $7.7 million, or 36%, to $13.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the 2008 comparative period. The decrease is attributable primarily to reductions in telesales workforce related to declining sales from our contract sales and lead development product lines. Our gross margin percentage decreased to 44% in the six months ended June 30, 2009 as compared to 45% for the six months ended June 30, 2008 primarily as a result of the loss of the Dell business during 2008. We estimate that gross margin will remain at the current level for the remainder of the year.
Sales and Marketing Expenses. Sales and marketing expenses decreased $1.8 million, or 42%, to $2.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the 2008 comparative period. The decrease is primarily due to approximately $1.1 million in decreased personnel costs due to decreases in sales & marketing personnel, decreased commissions from reductions in sales, and decreases in recruiting & relocation Additionally marketing costs decreased approximately $195,000 and consulting fees decreased approximately $223,000 due to reduced corporate marketing project spending related to corporate website development and travel costs decreased approximately $145,000 due to corporate initiatives put in place to reduce these expenses. We expect sales and marketing expenses to decrease for the remainder of the year as compared to 2008 as the Company has reduced costs due to the challenging macroeconomic environment which has caused a slowdown in marketing spending by our customers.
Technology and Development Expenses. Technology and development expenses decreased $1.4 million, or 21%, to $5.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the 2008 comparative period. The decrease is primarily attributable to an approximately $838,000 reduction in fees paid to outside consultants and service providers as a result of reduced usage of these services, decreases in personnel costs of approximately $571,000, decreases in temporary employee costs of approximately $347,000, and decreased travel & entertainment costs of approximately $169,000 due to the reduction in our workforce. These decreases were partially offset by increased equipment and maintenance expenses of approximately $426,000 during the 2009 period. We expect technology and development expenses to decrease for the remainder of the year as compared to 2008 as we reduce spending due to the challenging macroeconomic environment.
General and Administrative Expenses. General and administrative expenses decreased $2.0 million, or 29%, to $5.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2008. The decrease was primarily due to approximately $1.4 million in decreased personnel costs related to the reduction in our workforce during 2008 and the first half of 2009. We also reduced temporary employee expense by $190,000 during 2009 and decreased travel & entertainment expenses approximately $137,000. Rent decreased approximately $388,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2009, due primarily to our reduction in office space in the Philippines. In 2009, we will be required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act section 404(b) and have an audit of the Company’s internal controls for the 2009 fiscal year. We were not required to do this in 2008. Because of this, we expect audit related fees to increase going forward for the 2009 fiscal year to maintain compliance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
Depreciation and Amortization Expenses. Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased $559,000, or 15%, to $3.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the 2008 period. Amortization of intangible assets decreased by approximately $1.1 million in the 2009 period, primarily as a result of the write-off of approximately $2.2 million of our amortizable intangible assets in the fourth quarter of our 2008 fiscal year. This decrease was partially offset by increases in depreciation expense of approximately $545,000 related to depreciation on assets placed in service during our 2008 and 2009 fiscal years and the reduction of the useful life of leasehold improvements at our Austin facility. Because of the write-off of our amortizable intangible assets during 2008 and the reduction in our capital expenditures during 2009, we expect depreciation and amortization expense to be relatively flat as compared to the prior year for the remainder of 2009.
Interest and Other Income (Expense), Net. The components of interest and other income (expense), net are as follows (in thousands):
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Six Months Ended June 30, | | | Change | |
| | 2009 | | | 2008 | | |
Interest income | | $ | 55 | | | $ | 562 | | | $ | (507 | ) |
Interest expense | | | (132 | ) | | | (41 | ) | | | (91 | ) |
Currency translation (loss)/gain | | | (14 | ) | | | 9 | | | | (23 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | $ | (91 | ) | | $ | 530 | | | $ | (621 | ) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
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The decrease in interest income is attributable to our decrease in cash from $24.5 million as of June 30, 2008 to $16.7 million at June 30, 2009 as we had historically invested the net proceeds received from our follow-on offering of common stock in April 2007 in interest bearing deposit accounts. Interest expense is the result of interest incurred on the notes payable issued with the purchase of the assets of CAS Systems and interest incurred on the Bridge Bank Equipment Sub-facility portion of our Revolving Line of Credit which converted to term debt at a minimum interest rate of 6% in January 2009. We made principal payments on the CAS Systems loan and the Bridge Bank loan during the six months ended June 30, 2009.
The currency translation loss is primarily due to the fluctuation of currency exchange rates on a note payable to a third party denominated in United States dollars that is owed by our Canadian subsidiary in connection with our acquisition of CAS Systems. Fluctuations of currency exchange rates may have a negative effect in future periods on our financial results.
Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense decreased $47,000, or 21%, to $177,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2008. Our income tax expense for the 2009 period is based on our estimate of taxable income for the full year ending December 31, 2009, and primarily consists of estimates of foreign taxes and domestic gross margin taxes for certain states. We do not anticipate material changes to our implied effective tax rate for the year.
Liquidity and Sources of Capital
Cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2009 was $1.6 million as compared to $7.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008. Cash provided by operating activities in 2009 was primarily the result of a net loss totaling $5.8 million, non-cash expenditures of depreciation and amortization of property and intangibles of $3.1 million, stock-based compensation charges of $1.3 million, the credit for the recovery of allowance for doubtful accounts of $332,000, and loss on disposal of fixed assets of $193,000.
The largest component of our changes in operating assets and liabilities is accounts receivable. When we sell a service or maintenance contract for a client, we record the sales price of the contract to the client’s customer as our receivable and also record our payable to the client for our cost of the contract, which is effectively the same amount less our compensation for obtaining the contract for our client. For this reason, our accounts payable includes amounts due to our clients for service and maintenance contracts we sold on their behalf. Accounts payable therefore decreases in relation to our decreased sales of service contracts on behalf of our clients. However, because we report as revenue only the net difference between our account receivable from the customer of our client and our account payable to our client in accordance with EITF Issue No. 99-19,Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal versus Net as an Agent, any increase in net revenue from service contract sales results in a much larger increase in our accounts payable, which is treated as positive cash flow from operating activities. The reduction in accounts receivable and payable in 2009 is a direct impact of the termination of the Dell services agreement in the quarter ended March 31, 2008.
Accounts receivable decreased at June 30, 2009 as compared to June 30, 2008 as a result of lower overall sales during the 2009 as compared to 2008. Our days sales outstanding, or DSO, decreased to 30 days at June 30, 2009 as compared to 33 days at June 30, 2008. Since we record the gross billing to the end customer of our contract sales clients in our accounts receivable, we calculate DSO based on our ability to collect those gross billings from the end customers. We record revenue based on the net commission we retain.
Cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2008 was primarily the result of a net loss totaling $4.2 million, non-cash expenditures of depreciation and amortization of property and intangibles of $3.7 million, stock-based compensation charges of $1.0 million, the provision for allowance for doubtful accounts of $291,000, amortization of discount on notes receivable of $124,000, loss on disposal of fixed assets of $76,000, and changes in operating assets and liabilities that accounted for $8.5 million of the decrease in cash for the year.
Cash used in investing activities was $89,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to cash used in investing activities of $4.0 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008. The change is primarily the result of decreases in capital expenditures of $1.8 million in the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2008. Additionally, we paid $1.0 million in 2008 as additional purchase price for the CAS Systems acquisition that occurred in 2007 as the result of the achievement of certain performance metrics subsequent to the acquisition. The last component of the change was due to a decrease in the restricted cash balance of approximately $877,000 in the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to an increase of $209,000 in the restricted cash balance for the six months ended June 30, 2008. Restricted cash represents the reserve for the refund due for non-service payments inadvertently paid to the Company by our clients’ customers instead of paid directly to the Company’s clients. At the time of cash receipt, the Company records a current liability for the amount of non-service payments received. The decrease in restricted cash represents the reduction of our balance of refunds due to customers.
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Cash used in financing activities was approximately $1.7 million in the six months ended June 30, 2009, as compared to $1.4 million in the six months ended June 30, 2008. Cash used in financing activities in 2009 was primarily a result of principal payments of $1.2 million on our term loans and CAS Systems notes, payments on our capital lease obligations of $226,000, purchases of treasury stock under company announced share repurchase plans of $141,000, and purchases of $129,000 of treasury stock from employees for shares withheld for income taxes payable on restricted stock awards vested during 2009. Cash used in financing activities in 2008 was primarily a result of principal payments of $1.1 million on our term loans and CAS notes, purchases of $118,000 of treasury stock from employees and directors for shares withheld for income taxes payable on restricted stock awards vested, and principal payments on our capital lease obligations of $253,000. Additionally in 2008, we received approximately $19,000 from the exercise of stock options during the period and $10,000 from the purchase of shares in our Employee Stock Purchase Program.
Our principal source of liquidity as of June 30, 2009 consisted of $16.7 million of cash and cash equivalents and approximately $1.6 million available for borrowing under our Revolving Credit Facility. We anticipate that our existing capital resources will enable us to maintain our current level of operations, our planned operations and our planned capital expenditures for at least the next twelve months.
Credit Arrangements
In June 2008, we entered into an amendment to our Revolving Credit Facility with our lender, Bridge Bank, which extended the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility to October 10, 2008. During October 2008, we executed further amendments to the Revolving Credit Facility. The amendments extended the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility from October 10, 2008 to October 10, 2009 and increase the maximum amount of revolving credit available from $4,000,000 to $6,000,000, with a $1,000,000 sub-facility for standby letters of credit and a new $3,000,000 sub-facility for the purpose of purchasing new equipment until December 31, 2008. The interest rate per annum for revolving advances under the Revolving Credit Facility is equal to the prime lending rate, which was 3.25% as of June 30, 2009. The interest rate per annum for advances under the equipment finance sub-facility is equal to the prime rate plus 0.50%, subject to a minimum interest rate of 6.00%. Bridge Bank, at its option, may increase the interest rate payable on advances under the Revolving Credit Facility by 1.25% per annum if Rainmaker does not maintain minimum deposits of $2,000,000 in demand deposit accounts and a total of $6,000,000 in unrestricted cash with Bridge Bank. Advances under the equipment finance sub-facility are being repaid in equal monthly installments that commenced in January 2009 and continue through October 2011.
The Revolving Credit Facility is collateralized by substantially all of our consolidated assets, including intellectual property. We are subject to certain financial covenants, including not incurring a year-to-date non-GAAP net loss exceeding by 10% the amount of loss recited in the Company’s operating plan approved by Bridge Bank. The Revolving Credit Facility contains customary covenants that will, subject to limited exceptions, limit our ability to, among other things, (i) create liens; (ii) make capital expenditures; (iii) pay cash dividends; and (iv) merge or consolidate with another company. The Revolving Credit Facility also provides for customary events of default, including nonpayment, breach of covenants, payment defaults of other indebtedness, and certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency and reorganization that may result in acceleration of outstanding amounts under the Revolving Credit Facility. For the six months ended June 30, 2009, we did not meet the performance to plan financial covenant as our year to date net loss exceeded by 10% the amount of loss in our operating plan approved by Bridge Bank primarily due to our first quarter’s results of operations. We received a waiver from Bridge Bank for the violation of this covenant for the six months ended June 30, 2009. Beginning with the quarter ending September 30, 2009, we will again be subject to this covenant provision of the Revolving Credit Facility. At June 30, 2009, we were in compliance with all other loan covenants, other than the performance to plan financial covenant mentioned above, and we had $2.5 million in principal balance outstanding under the equipment sub-facility of the Revolving Credit Facility and had one undrawn letter of credit outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility in the aggregate face amount of $100,000. We had originally entered into this Revolving Credit Facility with our lender in April 2004.
In July 2005, we issued an irrevocable standby letter of credit in the amount of $100,000 to our landlord for a security deposit for our new corporate headquarters located in Campbell, California. The letter of credit was issued under the Revolving Credit Facility described above. As of June 30, 2009, no amounts have been drawn against the letter of credit.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Leases
As of June 30, 2009, our off-balance sheet arrangements include operating leases for our facilities and certain property and equipment that expire at various dates through 2013. These arrangements allow us to obtain the use of the equipment and facilities without purchasing them. If we were to acquire these assets, we would be required to obtain financing and record a liability related to the financing of these assets. Leasing these assets under operating leases allows us to use these assets for our business while minimizing the obligations and up front cash flow related to purchasing the assets.
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On November 13, 2006, we executed an amendment to the operating lease for our corporate headquarters in Campbell, California. Under the lease and its amendment, we have a total of 23,149 square feet of usable office space. The lease term originally began on November 1, 2005 and will end on January 31, 2010. We will be paying approximately $257,000 in base rent for the remaining term which expires in January 2010. In addition, we must pay our proportionate share of operating costs and taxes. In connection with the execution of the lease, we have issued a letter of credit to the landlord in the amount of $100,000 as a security deposit.
In Austin, Texas we signed a new lease for approximately 21,388 square feet of space that commenced on June 16, 2009 for a term of 18.5 months through December 31, 2010. Annual rent in the new facility will approximate $205,000, or $17,000 monthly. In both the California and the Texas facilities, we pay rent and maintenance on some of the common areas in each of our leased facilities.
As a result of our acquisition of CAS Systems in January 2007, we acquired leased facilities near Montreal, Canada, where we occupied approximately 18,426 square feet of space covered by leases that were scheduled to expire on December 31, 2007. Additionally, we acquired leased facilities in Oakland, California where we occupied approximately 10,039 square feet of space covered by a lease that was due to expire on May 19, 2011. We renewed the Canada leases as of January 1, 2008 for a 2-year term with options for subsequent continuance. The provisions of the lease renewals in Canada specified that either party can terminate the lease for any reason by giving the other party at least 120 days prior written notice. In 2008, the Company decided to terminate the current lease in Canada and provided the landlord the specified 120 day notice as of October 1, 2008 in accordance with the lease agreement. On September 24, 2008, we entered into a new agreement to lease approximately 20,000 square feet of space and have moved our current Canadian operations to this new location which is closer to Montreal and provides more access to employees allowing for more growth. The lease has a minimum term of 3 years and commenced on January 1, 2009. Annual gross rent is $400,000 Canadian dollars for the initial 3 year term. Based on the exchange rate at June 30, 2009, annual rent will approximate $346,000 in US dollars. Additionally, Rainmaker will be responsible for its proportionate share of utilities, taxes and other common area maintenance charges during the lease term. In the quarter ended June 30, 2008, we decided to close our Oakland facility and vacated the premises. In accordance with SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities”, and SFAS No. 144,Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-lived Assets, we recorded a liability for the fair value of the remaining lease payments, less the estimated sub-lease rentals, of approximately $227,000 and wrote-off the net book value of the remaining furniture, fixtures and equipment at this location of approximately $76,000. In the 4th quarter of 2008, we exercised the early termination provision of the lease agreement with a payment of approximately $128,000 to the landlord for this location.
With our acquisition of Qinteraction, we assumed existing lease obligations at their Manila, Philippines offices. We assumed 2 office space leases and a parking lease. We occupy approximately 40,280 square feet on 3 floors in the BPI building in Manila. Our current lease for this space commenced on April 1, 2008, has a 5 year term and terminates on March 31, 2013. Based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009, our annual base rent will escalate from approximately $520,000 for the twelve months ended June 30, 2010 to $617,000 for the 2012 calendar year, the final full year of the lease that ends in March 2013. During 2008 and the three months ended March 31, 2009, we amended and then terminated our lease in the Pacific Star building and we currently do not occupy any space in this building as of March 31, 2009. Our parking lease began in March 2006, has a 5 year term and terminates in March 2011. Based on the exchange rate as of December 31, 2008, our annual base rent on this lease is approximately $7,000.
With the establishment of our Rainmaker Europe subsidiary in 2009, we signed a short-term office services agreement for shared office space in London, England. The agreement commenced on April 27, 2009 and expires on August 31, 2009, with options for subsequent renewal. Monthly rental is 7,512 Great Britain Pounds and based on the exchange rate as of June 30, 2009, approximates $12,000 monthly in US Dollars.
Rent expense, net of sub-lease income, under operating lease agreements during the six months ended June 30, 2009 and 2008 was $1.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The 2009 rent expense was net of approximately $56,000 in sublease revenue from our Austin property. The 2008 rent expense included approximately $227,000 as a result of the recording of the estimated rent expense related to the Oakland office closure, and was net of approximately $60,000 in sublease revenue from our Austin property.
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Guarantees
In July 2005, we issued an irrevocable standby letter of credit in the amount of $100,000 to our landlord for a security deposit for our new corporate headquarters located in Campbell, California. The letter of credit was issued under the Revolving Credit Facility described above. As of June 30, 2009, no amounts had been drawn against the letter of credit.
From time to time, we enter into certain types of contracts that contingently require us to indemnify parties against third party claims. These obligations primarily relate to certain agreements with our officers, directors and employees, under which we may be required to indemnify such persons for liabilities arising out of their employment relationship. The terms of such obligations vary. Generally, a maximum obligation is not explicitly stated. Because the obligated amounts of these types of agreements often are not explicitly stated, the overall maximum amount of the obligations cannot be reasonably estimated. Historically, we have not had to make any payments for these obligations, and no liabilities have been recorded for these obligations on our balance sheets as of June 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008.
Contractual Obligations
Capital Leases
In March 2008, we entered into a 3-year software licensing agreement with Microsoft GP. In accordance with the terms of the agreement, we will pay three annual installments of approximately $254,000 beginning in April 2008 for the licensing rights to use certain Microsoft software. The present value of the future lease payments is included as a liability on the balance sheet as a current lease obligation as of June 30, 2009. The effective annual interest rate on the capital lease obligation is estimated to be 6.25%.
Term Loans
In connection with our acquisition of the assets of CAS Systems and its Canadian subsidiary, Rainmaker and its Canadian subsidiary, Rainmaker Systems (Canada) Inc., issued notes payable in the amounts of $1.4 million and $600,000, respectively. The two notes are payable in three consecutive annual installments of approximately $467,000 and $200,000, respectively, each, commencing on January 25, 2008, with subsequent installments payable on the anniversary date in 2009 and 2010. The notes bear interest at a fixed rate of 5.36% per annum on the outstanding principal amount which is payable at the end of each calendar quarter. The first and second annual installments of these notes in the aggregate amount of $667,000 each were paid in January 2008 and 2009. The final installment of approximately $667,000 is due in January 2010.
In accordance with the Revolving Credit Facility, advances under the equipment finance sub-facility shall be repaid in equal monthly installments commencing in January 2009 through October 2011. At June 30, 2009, we had a principal balance of $2.5 million outstanding under the equipment finance sub-facility that is to be repaid in equal monthly installments of approximately $88,000 through October 2011. The interest rate per annum for advances under the equipment finance sub-facility is equal to the prime rate plus 0.50%, subject to a minimum interest rate of 6.00%.
Revolving Credit Facility
In April 2004, we entered into a business loan agreement and a commercial security agreement with Bridge Bank. The Revolving Credit Facility originally provided borrowing availability up to a maximum of $3.0 million through a secured revolving line of credit that included a $1.0 million letter of credit facility. In December 2005, our Business Loan Agreement and a Commercial Security Agreement (the “Revolving Credit Facility”) was increased to $4.0 million from the then existing $3.0 million. In addition, on July 6, 2007 the maturity date was extended to October 2007 from December 2006 and in June 2008, the maturity date was extended to October 10, 2008. During October 2008, we executed further amendments to the Revolving Credit Facility. The amendments extended the maturity date of the Revolving Credit Facility from October 10, 2008 to October 10, 2009 and increased the maximum amount of revolving credit available from $4,000,000 to $6,000,000, with a $1,000,000 sub-facility for standby letters of credit and a new $3,000,000 sub-facility for the purpose of purchasing new equipment until December 31, 2008. The interest rate per annum for revolving advances under the Revolving Credit Facility is equal to the prime lending rate, which was 3.25% as of June 30, 2009. The interest rate per annum for advances under the equipment finance sub-facility is equal to the prime rate plus 0.50%, subject to a minimum interest rate of 6.00%. Bridge Bank, at its option, may increase the interest rate payable on advances under the Revolving Credit Facility by 1.25% per annum if Rainmaker does not maintain minimum deposits of $2,000,000 in demand deposit accounts and a total of $6,000,000 in unrestricted cash with Bridge Bank. Advances under the equipment finance sub-facility shall be repaid in equal monthly installments commencing in January 2009 through October 2011. The amended Revolving Credit Facility is collateralized by substantially all of Rainmaker’s consolidated assets. Rainmaker must comply with certain financial covenants, including not incurring a year-to-date non-GAAP net loss exceeding by 10% the amount of loss recited in the Company’s operating plan approved by Bridge Bank. For the six months ended June 30, 2009, we did not meet the performance to plan financial covenant as our year to date net loss exceeded by 10% the amount of loss in our operating plan approved by Bridge Bank primarily
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due to our first quarter’s results of operations. We received a waiver from Bridge Bank for the violation of this covenant for the six months ended June 30, 2009. Beginning with the quarter ending September 30, 2009, we will again be subject to this covenant provision of the Revolving Credit Facility. As of June 30, 2009, the company had $2.5 million outstanding under the equipment sub-facility of the Revolving Credit Facility and had one undrawn letter of credit outstanding under the Revolving Credit Facility in the aggregate face amount of $100,000.
Potential Impact of Inflation
To date, inflation has not had a material impact on our business.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 157,Fair Value Measurements(“SFAS 157”). SFAS 157 replaces the different definitions of fair value in the accounting literature with a single definition. It defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. SFAS 157 is effective for us for financial instruments beginning in January 2008 and non-financial instruments beginning in January 2009. The adoption of SFAS 157 for financial instruments in the first quarter of 2008 and for non-financial assets in the first quarter of 2009 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R,Business Combinations (“SFAS 141R”). SFAS 141R requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction at fair value as of the acquisition date. SFAS 141R is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We will apply the provisions of SFAS 141R to our future acquisitions.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160,Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements(“SFAS 160”), an amendment of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51 (“ARB 51”). SFAS 160 amends ARB 51 to establish accounting and reporting standards for the noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. It clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary, which is sometimes referred to as a minority interest, is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity that should be reported as equity in our Consolidated Financial Statements. Among other requirements, this statement requires that the consolidated net income attributable the parent and the noncontrolling interest be clearly identified and presented on the face of the consolidated income statement. SFAS 160 is effective for the first fiscal period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 160 in the first quarter of 2009 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
In May 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 165, “Subsequent Events” (“SFAS 165”), which establishes general standards of accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or are available to be issued. The Company adopted SFAS 165 in the second quarter of fiscal 2009. The Company has evaluated all subsequent events through August 12, 2009, the issuance date of the financial statements for the three months ended June 30, 2009.
In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, a replacement of FASB Statement No. 162” (“SFAS 168”). SFAS 168 establishes the FASB Standards Accounting Codification (“Codification”) as the source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) recognized by the FASB to be applied to nongovernmental entities and rules and interpretive releases of the SEC as authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The Codification will supersede all the existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards upon its effective date and subsequently, the FASB will not issue new standards in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions or Emerging Issues Task Force Abstracts. SFAS 168 also replaces FASB Statement No. 162, “The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” given that once in effect, the Codification will carry the same level of authority. The Company does not anticipate that the adoption of this statement in the third quarter of this year will have an impact on its financial statement disclosures.
ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK |
Not applicable for smaller reporting companies.
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ITEM 4T. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
(a) | Disclosure Controls and Procedures |
As of June 30, 2009, our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Based on that evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that the information required to be disclosed by us in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q was recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and instructions for Form 10-Q.
(b) | Change in Internal Control over Financial Reporting |
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the second quarter of our 2009 fiscal year that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II.—OTHER INFORMATION
We currently are not a party to any material legal proceedings and are not aware of any pending or threatened litigation that would have a material adverse effect on us or our business.
Risks Related to Our Business
Because we depend on a small number of clients for a significant portion of our revenue, the loss of a single client or any significant reduction in the volume of services we provide to any of our significant clients could result in a substantial decrease in our revenue and have a material adverse impact on our financial position.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, one client, Hewlett-Packard, accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue and represented approximately 20% of our net revenue. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, two clients, Hewlett-Packard and Sun Microsystems, each accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue and collectively represented 37% of our net revenue with Hewlett-Packard representing approximately 17% and Sun Microsystems representing approximately 20%. During the six months ended June 30, 2008, two clients, Hewlett-Packard and Dell, accounted for more than 10% of our net revenue with HP representing 19% and Dell representing 16%. We have multiple agreements with Hewlett-Packard, a significant client, which expire in August, September and October of 2009 if not renewed prior to expiration. Our clients may require us to restructure or modify our agreements which could reduce our revenue and could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, cash flows and results of operations.
We expect that a small number of clients will continue to account for a significant portion of our net revenue for the foreseeable future. The loss of any of our significant clients or client initiated changes to our client programs may cause a significant decrease in our net revenue. A significant client has indicated they intend to make changes to our programs over the next six months which may lead to a reduction in our revenue. In addition, our software and technology clients operate in industries that experience consolidation from time to time, which could reduce the number of our existing and potential clients. Any loss of a single significant client or changes to client programs may have a material adverse effect on our financial position, cash flows and results of operations.
Our clients may, from time to time, restructure their businesses or get acquired by another company, which may adversely impact the revenues we generate from those clients. Sun Microsystems, a significant client, is currently in the process of being acquired by Oracle Corporation. Any restructuring, termination or non-renewal of our services by one of our significant clients could reduce the volume of services we provide and further reduce our expected future revenues, which would likely have a material adverse effect on our financial position, cash flows and results of operations.
We have strong competitors and may not be able to compete effectively against them.
Competition in our industry is intense, and such competition may increase in the future. Our competitors include providers of service contract sales and lead generation services, enterprise application software providers, providers of database marketing services, e-commerce service providers, online marketing services, and companies that offer training management systems. We also face competition from internal marketing departments of current and potential clients. Additionally, for portions of our service offering, we may face competition from outsource providers with substantial offshore facilities which may enable them to compete aggressively with similar service offerings at a substantially lower price. Many of our existing or potential competitors have greater
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brand recognition, longer operating histories, and significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources, which could further impact our ability to address competitive pressures. Should competitive factors require us to increase spending for, and investment in, client acquisition and retention or for the development of new services, our expenses could increase disproportionately to our revenues. Competitive pressures may also necessitate price reductions and other actions that would likely affect our business adversely. Additionally, there can be no assurances that we will have the resources to maintain a higher level of spending to address changes in the competitive landscape. Failure to maintain or to produce revenue proportionate to any increase in expenses would have a negative impact on our financial position, cash flows and operating results.
Our agreements with our clients allow for termination with short notice periods.
Our service sales agreements and our lead generation agreements generally allow our clients to terminate such agreements without cause with 90 to 180 days notice and 30 days notice, respectively. Our clients are under no obligation to renew their engagements with us when their contracts come up for renewal. In addition, our agreements with our clients are generally not exclusive. Our contract sales agreement with Hewlett-Packard, a significant client, can be terminated without cause upon 90 days notice. We have multiple agreements with Hewlett-Packard that expire from August to October 2009 if not renewed prior to expiration. We have various agreements with Sun Microsystems, currently our largest client, with various termination provisions ranging from termination with 60 days notice to termination rights in August 2010. A significant client has indicated they intend to make changes to our programs over the next six months which may lead to a reduction in our revenue.
Our revenue will decline if demand for our clients’ products and services decreases.
A significant portion of our business consists of marketing and selling our clients’ services to their customers. In addition, a significant percentage of our revenue is based on a “pay for performance” model in which our revenue is based on the amount of our clients’ services that we sell. Accordingly, if a particular client’s products and services fail to appeal to its customers for reasons beyond our control, such as preference for a competing product or service, our revenue may decline. In addition, revenue from our lead generation service offering could decline if our clients reduce their marketing efforts.
Any efforts we may make in the future to expand our service offerings may not succeed.
To date, we have focused our business on providing our service offerings to enterprises in selected vertical markets that retain our services and/or license our software in an effort to market and sell their offerings to their business customers. We may seek to expand our service offerings in the future to other markets, including other industry verticals or seek to provide other related services to our clients. Any such effort to expand could cause us to incur significant investment costs and expenses and could ultimately not result in significant revenue growth for us. In addition, any efforts to expand could divert management resources from existing operations and require us to commit significant financial and other resources to unproven businesses.
We have signed clients to our new channel contract sales solution to increase revenue from our clients’ resellers. While this solution has been adopted by a number of resellers of our clients, there is no assurance that all major resellers will use this solution, which may limit us from achieving the full revenue potential of this solution.
Any acquisitions or strategic transactions in which we participate could result in dilution, unfavorable accounting charges and difficulties in successfully managing our business.
As part of our business strategy, we review from time to time acquisitions or other strategic transactions that would complement our existing business or enhance our technology capabilities. Future acquisitions or strategic transactions could result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the use of cash, large and immediate write-offs, the incurrence of debt and contingent liabilities, amortization of intangible assets or impairment of goodwill, any of which could cause our financial performance to suffer. Furthermore, acquisitions or other strategic transactions entail numerous risks and uncertainties, including:
| • | | difficulties assimilating the operations, personnel, technologies, products and information systems of the combined companies; |
| • | | diversion of management’s attention; |
| • | | risks of entering geographic and business markets in which we have no or limited prior experience; and |
| • | | potential loss of key employees of acquired organizations. |
We perform a valuation analysis on all of our acquisitions as a basis for initially recognizing and measuring intangible assets including goodwill in our financial statements. We are required to test for impairment the carrying value of our goodwill and other intangible assets not subject to amortization at least annually, and we are required to test for impairment the carrying value of these
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assets as well as our other intangible assets that are subject to amortization and our tangible long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Such events or changes in circumstances may include a persistent decline in stock price and market capitalization, reduced future cash flow estimates, and slower growth rates in our industry. During the year ending December 31, 2008, we took a non-cash charge of approximately $13.7 million for impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets from our acquisitions, as shown on Note 3 of our December 31, 2008 audited financial statements. Subsequent to this impairment write-down we had $3.5 million in goodwill and $1.6 million of unamortized intangibles on our balance sheet at December 31, 2008. At June 30, 2009, we have $3.5 million in goodwill and $1.0 million of unamortized intangibles on our balance sheet. In the future, our test of impairment could result in further adjustments, or in write-downs or write-offs of assets, which would negatively affect our financial position and operating results.
We cannot be certain that we would be able to successfully integrate any operations, personnel, technologies, products and information systems that might be acquired in the future, and our failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, cash flows and operating results.
Our business strategy may include further expansion into foreign markets, which would require increased expenditures, and if our international operations are not successfully implemented, they may not result in increased revenue or growth of our business.
On January 25, 2007, we acquired the business of CAS Systems, which has operations near Montreal, Canada. On July 19, 2007, we acquired Qinteraction Limited, which operates a call center in Manila, Philippines. In the first quarter of 2009, we established our Rainmaker Europe subsidiary in the United Kingdom. Our growth strategy may include further expansion into international markets. Our international expansion may require significant additional financial resources and management attention, and could have a negative effect on our financial position, cash flows and operating results. In addition, we may be exposed to associated risks and challenges, including:
| • | | regional and economic political conditions; |
| • | | foreign currency fluctuations; |
| • | | different or lesser protection of intellectual property rights; |
| • | | longer accounts receivable collection cycles; |
| • | | different pricing environments; |
| • | | difficulty in staffing and managing foreign operations; |
| • | | laws and business practices favoring local competitors; and |
| • | | foreign government regulations. |
We cannot assure you that we will be successful in creating international demand for our services and software or that we will be able to effectively sell our clients’ services in international markets.
Our success depends on our ability to successfully manage growth.
Any future growth will place additional demands on our managerial, administrative, operational and financial resources. We will need to improve our operational, financial and managerial controls and information systems and procedures and will need to train and manage our overall work force. If we are unable to manage additional growth effectively, our business will be harmed.
The length and unpredictability of the sales and integration cycles could cause delays in our revenue growth.
Selection of our services and software can entail an extended decision making process on the part of prospective clients. We often must educate our potential clients regarding the use and benefit of our services and software, which may delay the evaluation and acceptance process. For the service contract sales portion of our solution, the selling cycle can extend to approximately 9 to 12 months or longer between initial client contact and signing of an agreement. Once our services and software are selected, integration with our clients’ systems can be a lengthy process, which further impacts the timing of revenue. Because we are unable to control many of the factors that will influence our clients’ buying decisions or the integration process of our services and software, it can be difficult to forecast the growth and timing of our revenue.
We have incurred recent losses and may incur losses in the future.
We incurred a net loss in each of the four quarters of 2008, and in the first and second quarters of 2009. Our accumulated deficit through June 30, 2009 is $94.5 million. We may continue to incur losses in the future. Factors which may cause us to incur losses in the future include:
| • | | the growth of the market for our sales and marketing solutions; |
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| • | | the demand for and acceptance of our services; |
| • | | the demand for our clients’ products and services; |
| • | | the length of the sales and integration cycle for our new clients; |
| • | | our ability to expand relationships with existing clients; |
| • | | our ability to develop and implement additional services, products and technologies; |
| • | | the success of our direct sales force; |
| • | | our ability to retain existing clients; |
| • | | the costs of complying with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; |
| • | | the granting of additional stock options and/or restricted stock awards resulting in additional FAS 123R stock option expense; |
| • | | new product and service offerings from our competitors; |
| • | | general economic conditions, especially given the very difficult and challenging macroeconomic environment and the difficulty in predicting customer demand during these uncertain times; |
| • | | regulatory compliance costs; |
| • | | our ability to integrate acquisitions and the costs and write-downs associated with them, including the amortization of intangibles; and |
| • | | our ability to expand our operations, including potential further international expansion. |
We may decide to raise additional capital which might not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all.
We may wish to secure additional capital for the acquisition of businesses, products or technologies that are complementary to ours, or to fund our working capital and capital expenditure requirements. To date, we have raised capital through both equity and debt financings. On April 25, 2007, we completed a follow-on public offering of our common stock in which we issued an additional 3.5 million shares and raised $27 million in net proceeds. Any additional equity financing will be dilutive to stockholders, and debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants and interest expenses that will affect our financial results. Additional funding may not be available when needed or on terms acceptable to us. If we are unable to obtain additional capital, we may be required to delay or reduce the scope of our operations. At June 30, 2009, our unrestricted cash balance was $16.7 million, and our net working capital was $9.2 million. We expect our cash balance to be sufficient to fund our operations for at least the next 12 months.
Our quarterly operating results may fluctuate, and if we do not meet market expectations, our stock price could decline.
Our future operating results may not follow past trends in every quarter. In any future quarter, our operating results may fall below the expectations of public market analysts and investors.
Factors which may cause our future operating results to be below expectations include:
| • | | the growth of the market for our sales and marketing solutions; |
| • | | the demand for and acceptance of our services; |
| • | | the demand for our clients’ products and services; |
| • | | the length of the sales and integration cycle for our new clients; |
| • | | our ability to expand relationships with existing clients; |
| • | | our ability to develop and implement additional services, products and technologies; |
| • | | the success of our direct sales force; |
| • | | our ability to retain existing clients; |
| • | | the costs of complying with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act; |
| • | | the granting of additional stock options and/or restricted stock awards resulting in additional FAS 123R stock option expense; |
| • | | new product and service offerings from our competitors; |
| • | | general economic conditions; |
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| • | | regulatory compliance costs; |
| • | | our ability to integrate acquisitions and the costs and write-downs associated with them, including the amortization of intangibles; and |
| • | | our ability to expand our operations, including potential further international expansion. |
We may experience seasonality in our sales, which could cause our quarterly operating results to fluctuate from quarter to quarter.
As we continue to grow our lead generation service offerings, we will experience seasonal fluctuations in our revenue as companies’ spending on marketing can be stronger in some quarters than others partially due to our clients’ budget and fiscal schedules. In addition, since our lead generation service offering has lower gross margins than our other service offerings, we may experience quarterly fluctuations in our financial performance as a result of a seasonal shift in the mix of our service offerings.
If we are unable to attract and retain highly qualified management, sales and technical personnel, the quality of our services may decline, and our ability to execute our growth strategies may be harmed.
Our success depends to a significant extent upon the contributions of our executive officers and key sales and technical personnel and our ability to attract and retain highly qualified sales, technical and managerial personnel. Competition for personnel is intense as these personnel are limited in supply. We have at times experienced difficulty in recruiting qualified personnel, and there can be no assurance that we will not experience difficulties in the future, which could limit our future growth. The loss of certain key personnel, particularly Michael Silton, our chief executive officer, and Steve Valenzuela, our chief financial officer, could seriously harm our business.
We rely heavily on our communications infrastructure, and the failure to invest in or the loss of these systems could disrupt the operation and growth of our business and result in the loss of clients or our clients’ customers.
Our success is dependent in large part on our continued investment in sophisticated computer, Internet and telecommunications systems. We have invested significantly in technology and anticipate that it will be necessary to continue to do so in the future to remain competitive. These technologies are evolving rapidly and are characterized by short product life cycles, which require us to anticipate technology developments. We may be unsuccessful in anticipating, managing, adopting and integrating technology changes on a timely basis, or we may not have the capital resources available to invest in new technologies.
Our operations could suffer from telecommunications or technology downtime, disruptions or increased costs.
In the event that one of our operations facilities has a lapse of service or damage to such facility, our clients could experience interruptions in our service as well as delays, and we might incur additional expense in arranging new facilities and services. Our disaster recovery computer hardware and systems located at our facilities in California, Texas, Canada, and the Philippines have not been tested under actual disaster conditions and may not have sufficient capacity to recover all data and services in the event of an outage occurring at one of our operations facilities. In the event of a disaster in which one of our operations facilities is irreparably damaged or destroyed, we could experience lengthy interruptions in our service. While we have not experienced extended system failures in the past, any interruptions or delays in our service, whether as a result of third party error, our own error, natural disasters or security breaches, whether accidental or willful, could harm our relationships with clients and our reputation. Also, in the event of damage or interruption, our insurance policies may not adequately compensate us for any losses that we may incur. These factors in turn could damage our brand and reputation, divert our employees’ attention, reduce our revenue, subject us to liability, cause us to issue credits or cause clients to fail to renew their contracts, any of which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Temporary or permanent loss of these systems could limit our ability to conduct our business and result in lost revenue.
We have made significant investments in technology systems that operate our business operations. Such assets are subject to reviews for impairment in the event they are not fully utilized.
We have made technology and system improvements and capitalized those costs while the technology was being developed. During the year ended December 31, 2006, we deployed our new customer relationship management, or CRM system, which we had developed over an 18-month period. We invested $3.2 million in this system, which has a carrying value of $1.1 million as of June 30, 2009, and is being amortized over five years. We are using it as a CRM platform for our service sales clients. If unforeseen events or circumstances prohibit us from using this system with all clients, we may be forced to impair some or all of this asset, which could result in a non-cash impairment charge to our financial results.
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Defects or errors in our software could harm our reputation, impair our ability to sell our services and result in significant costs to us.
Our software is complex and may contain undetected defects or errors. We have not suffered significant harm from any defects or errors to date, but we have from time to time found defects in our software and we may discover additional defects in the future. We may not be able to detect and correct defects or errors before releasing software. Consequently, we or our clients may discover defects or errors after our software has been implemented. We have in the past implemented, and may in the future need to implement, corrections to our software to correct defects or errors. The occurrence of any defects or errors could result in:
| • | | our inability to execute our services on behalf of our clients; |
| • | | delays in payment to us by customers; |
| • | | damage to our reputation; |
| • | | diversion of our resources; |
| • | | legal claims, including product liability claims, against us; |
| • | | increased service and warranty expenses or financial concessions; and |
| • | | increased insurance costs. |
Our liability insurance may not be adequate to cover all of the costs resulting from these legal claims. Moreover, we cannot assure you that our current liability insurance coverage will continue to be available on acceptable terms or that the insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion against us of one or more large claims that exceeds available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. Furthermore, even if we succeed in the litigation, we are likely to incur substantial costs and our management’s attention will be diverted from our operations.
If we are unable to safeguard our networks and clients’ data, our clients may not use our services and our business may be harmed.
Our networks may be vulnerable to unauthorized access, computer hacking, computer viruses and other security problems. An individual who circumvents security measures could misappropriate proprietary information or cause interruptions or malfunctions in our operations. We may be required to expend significant resources to protect against the threat of security breaches or to alleviate problems caused by any breaches. Security measures that we adopt from time to time may be inadequate.
If we fail to adequately protect our intellectual property or face a claim of intellectual property infringement by a third party, we may lose our intellectual property rights and be liable for significant damages.
We cannot guarantee that the steps we have taken to protect our proprietary rights and information will be adequate to deter misappropriation of our intellectual property. In addition, we may not be able to detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property and take appropriate steps to enforce our rights. If third parties infringe or misappropriate our trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade names or other proprietary information, our business could be seriously harmed. In addition, third parties may assert infringement claims against us that we violated their intellectual property rights. These claims, even if not true, could result in significant legal and other costs and may be a distraction to management. In addition, protection of intellectual property in many foreign countries is weaker and less reliable than in the U.S., so if our business further expands into foreign countries, risks associated with protecting our intellectual property will increase.
Our business may be subject to additional obligations to collect and remit sales tax and any successful action by state, foreign or other authorities to collect additional sales tax could adversely harm our business.
We file sales tax returns in certain states within the U.S. as required by law and certain client contracts for a portion of the sales and marketing services that we provide. We do not collect sales or other similar taxes in other states and many of the states do not apply sales or similar taxes to the vast majority of the services that we provide. However, one or more states could seek to impose additional sales or use tax collection and record-keeping obligations on us. Any successful action by state, foreign or other authorities to compel us to collect and remit sales tax, either retroactively, prospectively or both, could adversely affect our results of operations and business.
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Risks Related to Our Industry and Other Risks
We are subject to government regulation of direct marketing, which could restrict the operation and growth of our business.
The Federal Trade Commission’s, or FTC’s, telesales rules prohibit misrepresentations of the cost, terms, restrictions, performance or duration of products or services offered by telephone solicitation and specifically addresses other perceived telemarketing abuses in the offering of prizes. Additionally, the FTC’s rules limit the hours during which telemarketers may call consumers. The Federal Telephone Consumer Protection Act of 1991 contains other restrictions on facsimile transmissions and on telemarketers, including a prohibition on the use of automated telephone dialing equipment to call certain telephone numbers. The Federal Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing Act of 2003 contains restrictions on the content and distribution of commercial e-mail. A number of states also regulate telemarketing and some states have enacted restrictions similar to these federal laws. In addition, a number of states regulate e-mail and facsimile transmissions. State regulations of telesales, e-mail and facsimile transmissions may be more restrictive than federal laws. Any failure by us to comply with applicable statutes and regulations could result in penalties. There can be no assurance that additional federal or state legislation, or changes in regulatory implementation or judicial interpretation of existing or future laws, would not limit our activities in the future or significantly increase the cost of regulatory compliance.
The demand for sales and marketing services is highly uncertain.
Demand and acceptance of our sales and marketing services is dependent upon companies’ willingness to allow third parties to provide these services. It is possible that these solutions may never achieve broad market acceptance. If the market for our services does not grow or grows more slowly than we anticipate at any time, our business, financial condition and operating results may be materially adversely affected.
Increased government regulation of the Internet could decrease the demand for our services and increase our cost of doing business.
The increasing popularity and use of the Internet and online services may lead to the adoption of new laws and regulations in the U.S. or elsewhere covering issues such as online privacy, copyright and trademark, sales taxes and fair business practices or which require qualification to do business as a foreign corporation in certain jurisdictions. Increased government regulation, or the application of existing laws to online activities, could inhibit Internet growth. A number of government authorities are increasingly focusing on online personal data privacy and security issues and the use of personal information. Our business could be adversely affected if new regulations regarding the use of personal information are introduced or if government authorities choose to investigate our privacy practices. In addition, the European Union has adopted directives addressing data privacy that may limit the collection and use of some information regarding Internet users. Such directives may limit our ability to target our clients’ customers or collect and use information. A decline in the growth of the Internet could decrease demand for our services and increase our cost of doing business and otherwise harm our business.
Failure by us to achieve and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the rules of the SEC could harm our business and operating results and/or result in a loss of investor confidence in our financial reports, which could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business and stock price.
We are required to comply with the management certification requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. We are required to report, among other things, control deficiencies that constitute a “material weakness” or changes in internal controls that, or that are reasonably likely to, materially affect internal controls over financial reporting. A “material weakness” is a deficiency or combination of deficiencies that results in a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected. If we fail to continue to comply with the requirements of Section 404, we might be subject to sanctions or investigation by regulatory authorities such as the SEC. In addition, failure to comply with Section 404 or the report by us of a material weakness may cause investors to lose confidence in our consolidated financial statements, and our stock price may be adversely affected as a result. If we fail to remedy any material weakness, our consolidated financial statements may be inaccurate, we may face restricted access to the capital markets and our stock price may be adversely affected.
Terrorist acts and acts of war may harm our business and revenue, costs and expenses, and financial position.
Terrorist acts or acts of war may cause damage to our employees, facilities, clients, our clients’ customers, and vendors which could significantly impact our revenues, costs and expenses, financial position and results of operations. The potential for future terrorist attacks, the national and international responses to terrorist attacks or perceived threats to national security, and other acts of war or hostility have created many economic and political uncertainties that could adversely affect our business and results of operations in ways that cannot be presently predicted. We are predominantly uninsured for losses and interruptions caused by terrorist acts and acts of war.
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Risks Associated with Our Stock
Our charter documents and Delaware law contain anti-takeover provisions that could deter takeover attempts, even if a transaction would be beneficial to our stockholders.
Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and certain provisions of Delaware law may make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even though an acquisition might be beneficial to our stockholders. For example, our certificate of incorporation provides our board of directors the authority, without stockholder action, to issue up to 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series. Our board determines when we will issue preferred stock, and the rights, preferences and privileges of any preferred stock. Our certificate of incorporation also provides for a classified board, with each board member serving a staggered three-year term. In addition, our bylaws establish an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals and for nominating candidates for election as directors. Delaware law also contains provisions that can affect the ability of a third party to take over a company. For example, we are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which prohibits a Delaware corporation from engaging in any business combination with any interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless certain conditions are met. Section 203 may discourage, delay or prevent an acquisition of our company even at a price our stockholders may find attractive.
Our common stock price is volatile.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, the price for our common stock fluctuated between $0.59 per share and $6.80 per share. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, the price for our common stock fluctuated between $0.47 per share and $1.65 per share. The trading price of our common stock may continue to fluctuate widely due to:
| • | | quarter to quarter variations in results of operations; |
| • | | loss of a major client; |
| • | | changes in the economic environment which could reduce our potential; |
| • | | announcements of technological innovations by us or our competitors; |
| • | | changes in, or our failure to meet, the expectations of securities analysts; |
| • | | new products or services offered by us or our competitors; |
| • | | changes in market valuations of similar companies; |
| • | | announcements of strategic relationships or acquisitions by us or our competitors; |
| • | | other events or factors that may be beyond our control; or |
| • | | dilution resulting from the raising of additional capital. |
In addition, the securities markets in general have experienced extreme price and trading volume volatility in the past. The trading prices of securities of companies in our industry have fluctuated broadly, often for reasons unrelated to the operating performance of the specific companies. These general market and industry factors may adversely affect the trading price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.
Our stock price is volatile, and we could face securities class action litigation. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of their stock, many companies have been the subjects of securities class action litigation. If we were sued in a securities class action, it could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources and could cause our stock price to fall.
We may have difficulty obtaining director and officer liability insurance in acceptable amounts for acceptable rates.
We cannot assure that we will be able to obtain in the future sufficient director and officer liability insurance coverage at acceptable rates and with acceptable deductibles and other limitations. Failure to obtain such insurance could materially harm our financial condition in the event that we are required to defend against and resolve any future securities class actions or other claims made against us or our management. Further, the inability to obtain such insurance in adequate amounts may impair our future ability to retain and recruit qualified officers and directors.
If we fail to meet the Nasdaq Global Market listing requirements, our common stock will be delisted.
Trading of our common stock moved from the Nasdaq Capital Market to the Nasdaq Global Market on January 8, 2007. The Nasdaq Global Market listing requirements are more onerous than the listing requirements for the Nasdaq Capital Market. If we experience losses from our operations, are unable to raise additional funds or our stock price does not meet minimum standards, we may not be able to maintain the standards for continued listing on the Nasdaq Global Market, which include, among other things,
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that our common stock maintain a minimum closing bid price of at least $1.00 per share and minimum shareholders’ equity of $10 million (subject to applicable grace and cure periods). Our common stock has traded below the minimum $1.00 closing bid price during 2009; however, Nasdaq has currently suspended the rules requiring a minimum $1.00 closing bid price and a minimum market value of publicly held shares. Enforcement of these rules resumed on August 3, 2009. If, as a result of the application of such listing requirements, our common stock is delisted from the Nasdaq Global Market, our stock would become harder to buy and sell. Consequently, if we were removed from the Nasdaq Global Market, the ability or willingness of broker-dealers to sell or make a market in our common stock might decline. As a result, the ability to resell shares of our common stock could be adversely affected.
Our directors, executive officers and their affiliates own a significant percentage of our common stock and can significantly influence all matters requiring stockholder approval.
As of June 30, 2009, our directors, executive officers and entities affiliated with them together beneficially control approximately 15.7% of our outstanding shares. As a result, these stockholders, acting together, may have the ability to disproportionately influence all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of all directors, and any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. Accordingly, such concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company, which, in turn, could depress the market price of our common stock.
Shares eligible for sale in the future could negatively affect our stock price.
The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales of a large number of shares of our common stock or the perception that these sales could occur. This might also make it more difficult for us to raise funds through the issuance of securities. As of June 30, 2009, we had 21,645,324 outstanding shares of common stock which included 2,311,315 shares issued pursuant to restricted stock awards granted to certain employees. These restricted shares will become available for public sales subject to the respective employees continued employment with the company over vesting periods of not more than four years. In addition, there were an aggregate of 1,937,961 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of outstanding stock options and warrants, including 1,039,145 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of options outstanding under our option plan and 898,816 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the outstanding warrants issued to the investors in our private placement transactions completed on February 7, 2006 and June 15, 2005. We may issue and/or register additional shares, options, or warrants in the future in connection with acquisitions, employee compensation or otherwise.
On April 25, 2007, we completed a follow-on public offering of our common stock in which we issued 3,500,000 additional shares.
On July 19, 2007, we completed a Stock Purchase Agreement with the shareholders of Qinteraction Limited. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, the Company issued 559,284 shares of its common stock, representing approximately $4.8 million in Rainmaker common stock based upon the five-day average closing stock price before and after July 23, 2007, the date on which the transaction was announced. Such shares were initially subject to a contractual prohibition of sale with shares available for sale from closing as follows: 241,890 shares were subject to 6 months lockup which has now expired and these shares are now freely tradable, 241,891 shares were subject to 12 months lockup which has now expired and these shares are now freely tradable. In addition, 75,503 of the shares of the common stock consideration have been placed in escrow to secure certain customary indemnity obligations under the Purchase Agreement. Two-thirds of the escrow was scheduled to be released after 12 months from closing and the remaining one-third was scheduled for release after 15 months from closing. The release of such shares from escrow is subject to post-closing conditions, potential adjustments and offsets. No shares have been released from escrow as of yet as the Company has filed a claim against the escrow. The agreement also provided for a potential additional payment at the end of twelve months following the closing, based on the achievement of certain financial milestones which the company has determined have not been achieved, and which would have resulted in the issuance of up to $3.5 million in additional Rainmaker common stock and a payment of $4.5 million in cash. Based upon the financial milestone measurement, the Company believes that no contingent payment has been earned. Accordingly, no additional purchase price has been recorded.
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ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS |
The following table sets forth information with respect to repurchases of our common stock during the three months ended June 30, 2009:
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Total Number of Shares Purchased (a) | | Average Price Paid per Share | | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Program (b) | | Approximate Dollar Value that May Yet be Purchased Under the Program (b) |
| | | | |
April 1, 2009 – April 30, 2009 | | 82,659 | | $ | 0.87 | | 82,659 | | $ | 2,360,111 |
| | | | |
May 1, 2009 – May 31, 2009 | | 81,344 | | $ | 1.11 | | 12,580 | | $ | 2,347,153 |
| | | | |
June 1, 2009 – June 30, 2009 | | 4,951 | | $ | 1.64 | | 100 | | $ | 2,347,024 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | 168,954 | | $ | 1.00 | | 95,339 | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
(a) | These amounts include shares owned and tendered by employees to satisfy tax withholding obligations on the vesting of restricted share awards. Unless otherwise indicated, shares owned and tendered by employees to satisfy tax withholding obligations were purchased at the closing price of our shares on the date of vesting. We purchased 68,764 shares during May 2009 from employees at an average cost of approximately $0.89 per share. During June 2009, we purchased 4,851 shares from employees at an average cost of approximately $1.65 per share. |
(b) | On July 31, 2008, the Board of Directors approved a Stock Repurchase Program authorizing the repurchase of up to $3.0 million of Rainmaker’s common stock. The Stock Repurchase Program initially had a one-year term and may be commenced, suspended or terminated at any time, or from time-to-time at management’s discretion without prior notice. In May 2009, the Board of Directors extended the term of the Share Repurchase Program from July 31, 2009 to January 31, 2010. |
ITEM 3. | DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES |
None.
ITEM 4. | SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS |
The 2009 annual meeting of stockholders of the Company was held on May 14, 2009.
At the meeting, Robert Leff and Mitchell Levy were elected as Class II directors of the Company to hold office for a three-year term ending upon the 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The stockholders voted as follows:
| | | | |
| | Votes For | | Votes Withheld |
| | |
Robert Leff | | 15,029,928 | | 1,163,841 |
| | |
Mitchell Levy | | 15,029,786 | | 1,163,983 |
In addition to the directors elected above, the directors whose term of office as a director continued after the meeting are: Alok Mohan (continuing Class I director whose term of office ends upon the 2010 annual meeting of stockholders), Michael Silton (continuing Class I director whose term of office ends upon the 2010 annual meeting of stockholders) and Bradford Peppard (continuing Class III director whose term of office ends upon the 2011 annual meeting of stockholders).
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A proposal to ratify the appointment of BDO Seidman, LLP as Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2009 was also voted upon at the meeting and approved by the stockholders. The stockholders voted as follows:
| | |
Votes For | | 16,023,126 |
| |
Votes Against | | 169,349 |
| |
Votes Abstained | | 1,294 |
| |
Broker Non-Votes | | 0 |
None
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The following exhibits are filed with this report as indicated below:
| | |
31.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, filed under Exhibit 31 of Item 601 of Regulation S-K. |
| |
31.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, filed under Exhibit 31 of Item 601 of Regulation S-K. |
| |
32.1 | | Certification of Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, furnished under Exhibit 32 of Item 601 of Regulation S-K. |
| |
32.2 | | Certification of Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, furnished under Exhibit 32 of Item 601 of Regulation S-K. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| | |
| | RAINMAKER SYSTEMS, INC. |
| |
Dated: August 12, 2009 | | /s/ MICHAEL SILTON |
| | Michael Silton |
| | President, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) |
| |
| | /s/ STEVE VALENZUELA |
| | Steve Valenzuela |
| | Senior Vice President, Finance, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) |
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