The Company’s management monitors and evaluates overall Company performance based upon financial results. The following table displays a summary of the consolidated net (loss) income for the periods indicated:
Overall, the Company was extremely disappointed with its 2005 third quarter results, which were heavily impacted by incurred losses relating to Hurricane Katrina, which were approximately $653 million pre-tax and $525 million after-tax, both net of reinstatement premiums. Generally, catastrophe reinsurance provides coverage for one event; however, when limits are exhausted, some contractual arrangements provide for the availability of additional coverage upon the payment of additional premium. This additional premium is referred to as reinstatement premium. With respect to Hurricane Katrina, this was the single largest catastrophe event ever experienced by the Company, and more broadly, the reinsurance industry. These impacts from Hurricane Katrina, as well as impacts from other catastrophe losses and the components of incurred losses in general, are discussed later in this summary, which generally addresses significant individual line items in the order of their appearance on the Company’s income statement.
underwriting expertise, enabled the Company to increase its volume of business significantly over this period. With the change in trend established in 2004 and continuing in 2005, the Company adapted its operations to slow its rate of growth and even decrease writings for some classes of business and reemphasize its focus on profitability as opposed to volume. The classes most affected by these actions were workers’ compensation insurance, individual risk underwritten insurance and reinsurance, medical stop loss reinsurance, UK motor business reinsurance and select U.S. casualty reinsurance classes.
Reflecting the market conditions addressed above, gross written premiums for the three months ended September 30, 2005 were $1,080.7 million, a decrease of 11.2% compared with $1,217.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, gross written premiums were $3,237.6 million, a decrease of 8.2% compared with $3,527.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
Due to the nature of its businesses, the Company is unable to precisely differentiate between the effects of price changes as compared to the effects of changes in exposure. Similarly, because individual reinsurance arrangements often reflect revised coverages, structuring, pricing, terms and/or conditions from period to period, the Company is unable to differentiate between the premium volumes attributable to new business as compared to renewal business. Management believes that market conditions, which were softening prior to the occurrence of Hurricane Katrina, generally remained favorable and notes that it continues to see business opportunities in a variety of product classes and markets. The Company continues to decline business that does not meet its objectives regarding underwriting profitability.
Net written premiums, comprised of gross written premiums less ceded premiums, were $1,051.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, a decrease of 10.9% compared with $1,179.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, net written premiums were $3,136.9 million, a decrease of 8.0% compared with $3,408.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. These reflect premiums ceded of $29.1 million (2.7% of gross written premiums) and $37.4 million (3.1% of gross written premiums) for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and $100.7 million (3.1% of gross written premiums) and $119.1 million (3.4% of gross written premiums) for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Ceded premiums relate primarily to specific reinsurance purchased by the U.S. Insurance operation.
Premiums earned were $959.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, a decrease of 15.8% compared with $1,139.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, premiums earned were $3,057.8 million, a decrease of 4.4% compared with $3,199.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Included in the premiums earned for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005 were $48.5 million and $55.4 million, respectively, of reinstatement premiums of which $43.5 million was due to Hurricane Katrina. There were no such reinstatement premiums for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004. Overall, premium fluctuations reflect period to period changes in net written premiums and business mix together with normal variability in earning patterns. Business mix changes occur not only as the Company shifts emphasis between products, lines of business, distribution channels and markets, but also as individual contracts renew or non-renew, almost always with changes in coverage, structure, prices and/or terms, and as new contracts are accepted with coverages, structures, prices and/or terms different from those of expiring contracts. Changes in estimates related to the reporting patterns of ceding companies also affect premiums earned.
26
Net investment income was $117.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, a decrease of 5.1% compared with $123.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, net investment income was $387.9 million, an increase of 7.3% compared with $361.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Period to period changes in investment income are impacted by changes in the level and mix of invested assets, prevailing interest rates and the results from equity investments in limited partnerships, which tend to fluctuate quarter by quarter.
Premiums are generally collected over the first 12 to 15 months of the Company’s reinsurance and insurance contracts, while related losses are typically paid out over numerous years. This tends to generate cash flow from operations and this positive cash flow coupled with the increase in investable assets generates growth in investment income. The Company’s cash flow from operations was $376.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, a decrease of 24.5% compared with $498.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the Company’s cash flow from operations was $992.3 million, a decrease of 23.1% compared with $1,290.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Cash flow from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 in comparison with the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was negatively impacted by an additional $191.0 million of net catastrophe loss payments and $12.0 million of income tax payments period over period.
Net realized capital gains were $27.7 million and $57.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2005, respectively, reflecting portfolio management activities in response to interest rate and credit market movements, compared to net realized capital gains of $10.1 million and $91.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004, respectively. The realized capital gains for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2004 were primarily the result of an early liquidation of a $20 million investment trust portfolio, and gains on the sale of the Company’s interest only strips of mortgaged-backed securities (“interest only strips”) investment portfolio in the second quarter of 2004.
Expenses. Incurred losses and loss adjustment expenses (“LAE”) were $1,319.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, an increase of 37.1% compared with $962.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. This increase in incurred losses and LAE was primarily the result of a $612.5 million increase in catastrophe losses in the third quarter of 2005 compared with the third quarter of 2004. Partially offsetting these increases was a reversal with respect to prior year reserve development. Excluding the impact of catastrophes on prior year reserve development, reserve development was $94.6 million less in the third quarter of 2005 than the third quarter of 2004, reflecting a swing from unfavorable development of $42.7 million to favorable development of $51.9 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, incurred losses and LAE were $2,678.6 million, an increase of 14.0% compared with $2,349.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The $328.9 million increase in incurred losses and LAE for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was principally related to catastrophe losses which increased by $667.8 million, comparing the nine months of 2005 with the nine months of 2004. The major contributing factor was the third quarter 2005 property catastrophe events, particularly hurricanes Katrina, Rita, Emily and Dennis totaling $772.5 million, Indian flood of $12.6 million and the Ontario storms of $11.2 million. Partially offsetting this increase was a decrease in unfavorable prior period reserve adjustments, excluding the impact of catastrophe development, to a favorable net prior period reserve adjustment of $39.6 million from an unfavorable net prior period reserve adjustment of $157.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to the nine months ended September 30,
27
2004, respectively. Other factors impacting the level of incurred losses and LAE related to changes in volume as measured by earned premium; changes in rates and terms, as well as the effect of changes in prior period loss reserve estimates, also contributed.
Commission, brokerage and tax expense were $204.7 million and $248.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and $703.6 million and $685.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, as a result of changes in premium volume, including changes in volume through the various distribution channels, and changes in the mix of business.
Taxes and Net Income (Loss).The Company’s income tax (benefit) expense is primarily a function of the statutory tax rates and corresponding net income in the jurisdictions where the Company operates, coupled with the impact from tax-preferenced investment income. Variations generally reflect changes in the relative levels of pre-tax income between jurisdictions with different tax rates. The Company generated income tax benefits of $53.0 million and $3.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, in each case reflecting significant catastrophe losses in these quarters. Income tax expense of $14.4 million and $78.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, reflected the expected effective tax rate derived from blended full year results. The decrease in tax expense in 2005 primarily reflected the increase in incurred losses and LAE, in part driven by greater catastrophe losses, coupled with a decrease in premiums earned.
The net loss of $417.7 million compared to net income of $11.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, and a net loss of $56.5 million compared to net income of $401.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, generally reflected the catastrophe loss driven increase in incurred losses and LAE together with the decrease in premiums earned, partially offset by the decrease in income taxes.
The Company’s shareholders’ equity decreased to $3,600.7 million at September 30, 2005 from $3,712.5 million at December 31, 2004. The decrease was principally due to the Company’s net loss for the period together with an unrealized loss on the Company’s investment portfolio.
Segment Information
The Company, through its subsidiaries, operates in five segments: U.S. Reinsurance, U.S. Insurance, Specialty Underwriting, International and Bermuda. The U.S. Reinsurance operation writes property and casualty reinsurance, on both a treaty and facultative basis, through reinsurance brokers, as well as directly with ceding companies within the U.S. The U.S. Insurance operation writes property and casualty insurance primarily through general agent relationships and surplus lines brokers within the U.S. The Specialty Underwriting operation writes accident and health (“A&H”), marine, aviation and surety business within the U.S. and worldwide through brokers and directly with ceding companies. The International operation writes property and casualty reinsurance through Everest Re’s branches in Canada and Singapore, in addition to foreign business written through Everest Re’s Miami and New Jersey offices. The Bermuda operation provides reinsurance and insurance to worldwide property and casualty markets and reinsurance to life insurers through brokers and directly with ceding companies from its Bermuda office and property and casualty reinsurance to the United Kingdom and European markets through its UK branch.
These segments are managed in a carefully coordinated fashion with strong elements of central control, including with respect to capital, investments and support operations. As a result, management generally monitors and evaluates the financial performance of these operating
28
segments based upon their underwriting gain (loss) or underwriting results. Underwriting results include earned premium less losses and LAE incurred, commission and brokerage expenses and other underwriting expenses and are analyzed using ratios, in particular loss, commission and brokerage and other underwriting expense ratios, which, respectively, divide incurred losses, commissions and brokerage and other underwriting expenses by earned premium. The Company utilizes inter-affiliate reinsurance but such reinsurance generally does not impact segment results, as business is generally reported within the segment in which the business was first produced.
The following tables present the relevant underwriting results for the operating segments for the periods indicated:
U.S. Reinsurance |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
Gross written premiums | | | $ | 374,309 | | $ | 362,129 | | $ | 1,100,677 | | $ | 1,048,879 | |
Net written premiums | | | | 374,316 | | | 363,047 | | | 1,097,810 | | | 1,039,128 | |
Premiums earned | | | $ | 341,286 | | $ | 339,133 | | $ | 1,107,256 | | $ | 1,024,408 | |
Incurred losses and loss | | |
adjustment expenses | | | | 660,069 | | | 361,254 | | | 1,174,168 | | | 825,160 | |
Commission and brokerage | | | | 76,314 | | | 84,147 | | | 271,378 | | | 260,390 | |
Other underwriting expenses | | | | 5,650 | | | 4,655 | | | 17,714 | | | 16,326 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting loss | | | $ | (400,747 | ) | $ | (110,923 | ) | $ | (356,004 | ) | $ | (77,468 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Insurance |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | | |
---|
| | | | |
---|
Gross written premiums | | | $ | 210,768 | | $ | 253,245 | | $ | 755,876 | | $ | 918,470 | |
Net written premiums | | | | 184,775 | | | 219,406 | | | 670,390 | | | 817,751 | |
Premiums earned | | | $ | 202,202 | | $ | 245,643 | | $ | 627,056 | | $ | 694,945 | |
Incurred losses and loss | | |
adjustment expenses | | | | 118,638 | | | 166,456 | | | 411,592 | | | 491,968 | |
Commission and brokerage | | | | 34,860 | | | 40,074 | | | 103,639 | | | 93,067 | |
Other underwriting expenses | | | | 13,575 | | | 11,153 | | | 37,814 | | | 32,467 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting gain | | | $ | 35,129 | | $ | 27,960 | | $ | 74,011 | | $ | 77,443 | |
|
|
|
|
|
29
Specialty Underwriting |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | | |
---|
| | | | |
---|
Gross written premiums | | | $ | 51,891 | | $ | 127,975 | | $ | 247,868 | | $ | 352,565 | |
Net written premiums | | | | 48,766 | | | 125,473 | | | 235,830 | | | 346,770 | |
Premiums earned | | | $ | 52,953 | | $ | 122,579 | | $ | 238,992 | | $ | 342,120 | |
Incurred losses and loss | | |
adjustment expenses | | | | 75,513 | | | 91,391 | | | 190,742 | | | 219,613 | |
Commission and brokerage | | | | 11,178 | | | 36,203 | | | 60,071 | | | 96,793 | |
Other underwriting expenses | | | | 1,635 | | | 1,386 | | | 4,990 | | | 4,841 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting (loss) gain | | | $ | (32,373 | ) | $ | (6,401 | ) | $ | (16,811 | ) | $ | 20,873 | |
|
|
|
|
|
International |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | | |
---|
| | | | |
---|
Gross written premiums | | | $ | 188,296 | | $ | 204,085 | | $ | 540,466 | | $ | 512,337 | |
Net written premiums | | | | 188,076 | | | 203,696 | | | 539,474 | | | 509,709 | |
Premiums earned | | | $ | 173,600 | | $ | 192,365 | | $ | 521,002 | | $ | 481,712 | |
Incurred losses and loss | | |
adjustment expenses | | | | 128,865 | | | 139,622 | | | 319,457 | | | 286,574 | |
Commission and brokerage | | | | 45,805 | | | 49,351 | | | 129,944 | | | 114,558 | |
Other underwriting expenses | | | | 3,057 | | | 2,532 | | | 9,074 | | | 8,000 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting (loss) gain | | | $ | (4,127 | ) | $ | 860 | | $ | 62,527 | | $ | 72,580 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Bermuda |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | | |
---|
| | | | |
---|
Gross written premiums | | | $ | 255,407 | | $ | 269,757 | | $ | 592,678 | | $ | 695,438 | |
Net written premiums | | | | 255,610 | | | 268,126 | | | 593,398 | | | 695,195 | |
Premiums earned | | | $ | 189,368 | | $ | 240,142 | | $ | 563,518 | | $ | 656,000 | |
Incurred losses and loss | | |
adjustment expenses | | | | 339,621 | | | 203,867 | | | 582,616 | | | 526,316 | |
Commission and brokerage | | | | 36,507 | | | 38,293 | | | 138,539 | | | 120,925 | |
Other underwriting expenses | | | | 2,602 | | | 2,366 | | | 9,722 | | | 8,897 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Underwriting loss | | | $ | (189,362 | ) | $ | (4,384 | ) | $ | (167,359 | ) | $ | (138 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
30
The following table reconciles the underwriting results for the operating segments to (loss) income before tax as reported in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive (loss) income for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
| | | | |
---|
| | | | |
---|
Underwriting (loss) gain | | | $ | (591,480 | ) | $ | (92,888 | ) | $ | (403,636 | ) | $ | 93,290 | |
Net investment income | | | | 117,532 | | | 123,784 | | | 387,866 | | | 361,526 | |
Net realized capital gains | | | | 27,699 | | | 10,125 | | | 57,485 | | | 91,898 | |
Net derivative income (expense) | | | | 5,019 | | | (6,595 | ) | | (3,018 | ) | | (5,965 | ) |
Corporate expenses | | | | (4,824 | ) | | (3,637 | ) | | (10,936 | ) | | (7,165 | ) |
Interest expense | | | | (17,271 | ) | | (19,439 | ) | | (56,147 | ) | | (53,236 | ) |
Other expense | | | | (7,411 | ) | | (3,582 | ) | | (13,686 | ) | | (171 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income before taxes | | | $ | (470,736 | ) | $ | 7,768 | | $ | (42,072 | ) | $ | 480,177 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended September 30, 2005 compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2004
As noted earlier, the principal driver of the quarter’s disappointing results was incurred losses related to Hurricane Katrina and other catastrophe events, which are discussed under the heading “Expenses” in the Financial Summary Section.
Premiums. Gross written premiums decreased 11.2% to $1,080.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $1,217.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004, reflecting continued impact of competitive pressures on pricing coupled with the Company maintaining a disciplined underwriting approach. Premiums declined 59.5% ($76.1 million) in the Specialty Underwriting operation, primarily due to a $55.9 million decrease in A&H business and a $24.1 decrease in surety business, partially offset by a $3.9 million increase in marine and aviation business. The U.S. Insurance operation decreased 16.8% ($42.5 million), principally as a result of a $35.5 million decrease in workers’ compensation business, primarily resulting from the 2004 termination of the American All-Risk Insurance Services, Inc. contract, and a $6.9 million decrease in program business outside of the workers’ compensation class. The International operation decreased 7.7% ($15.8 million), primarily due to a $31.7 million decrease in international business written through the Miami and New Jersey offices, representing primarily Latin American business, partially offset by the $15.5 million increase in Asian business. The Bermuda operation decreased 5.3% ($14.4 million), reflecting declines in individual risk underwritten insurance and reinsurance in Bermuda and in motor business reinsurance in the UK. The U.S. Reinsurance operation increased 3.4% ($12.2 million), principally reflecting a $71.7 million increase in treaty property business, partially offset by a $49.4 million decrease in treaty casualty business and a $9.6 million decrease in facultative business.
Ceded premiums decreased to $29.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $37.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. Ceded premiums generally relate to specific reinsurance purchased by the U.S. Insurance operation and fluctuate based upon the level of premiums written in the individual reinsured programs.
31
Net written premiums decreased by 10.9% to $1,051.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $1,179.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, reflecting the decrease in gross written premiums.
Premium Revenues. Net premiums earned decreased by 15.8% to $959.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $1,139.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. Contributing to this decrease was a 56.8% ($69.6 million) decrease in the Specialty Underwriting operation, a 21.1% ($50.8 million) decrease in Bermuda operations, a 17.7% ($43.4 million) decrease in the U.S. Insurance operation and a 9.8% ($18.8 million) decrease in International operation, partially offset by a 0.6% ($2.2 million) increase in the U.S. Reinsurance operation. All of these changes reflect period to period changes in net written premiums and business mix, together with normal variability in earning patterns. Business mix changes occur not only as the Company shifts emphasis between products, lines of business, distribution channels and markets, but also as individual contracts renew or non-renew, almost always with changes in coverage, structure, prices and/or terms, and as new contracts are accepted with coverages, structures, prices and/or terms different from those of expiring contracts. As premium reporting, earnings, loss and commission characteristics derive from the provisions of individual contracts, the continuous turnover of individual contracts, arising from both strategic shifts and day to day underwriting, can and does introduce appreciable background variability in various underwriting line items. Changes in estimates related to the reporting patterns of ceding companies also affect premiums earned.
Expenses. Incurred losses and LAE increased by 37.1% to $1,319.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $962.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. The increase in incurred losses and LAE was principally attributable to the increase in estimated losses due to property catastrophes mainly driven by Hurricane Katrina with incurred losses of $696.2 million, but also reflecting incurred losses related to hurricanes Rita ($54.0 million), Emily ($15.3 million) and Dennis ($7.0 million), floods in India ($12.6 million), Calgary ($7.0 million) and Europe ($6.2 million) and storms in Ontario ($11.2 million). The 2005 results also reflect unfavorable development on 2004 catastrophes of $25.5 million. Additionally, Hurricane Katrina estimates are subject to considerable uncertainty due to the timing, complexity and unusual nature of the underlying ceding company exposures. These estimates reflect management’s best judgment based on all available information, but ultimate losses could differ, perhaps materially. This increase in incurred losses and LAE also reflects variability in premiums earned and changes in the loss expectation assumptions for business written, as well as the net prior period reserve development and catastrophe losses discussed above. Incurred losses and LAE were also impacted by changes in the pricing of the underlying business, as well as variability relating to changes in the mix of business by class and type.
The Company’s loss and LAE reserves reflect estimates of ultimate claim liability. Such estimates are re-evaluated on an ongoing basis, including re-estimates of prior period reserves, taking into consideration all available information and, in particular, newly reported loss and claim experience. The effect of such re-evaluations impacts incurred losses for the current period. The Company notes that its analytical methods and processes operate at multiple levels, including individual contracts, groupings of like contracts, classes and lines of business, internal business units, segments, legal entities, and in the aggregate. The complexities of the Company’s business and operations require analyses and adjustments, both qualitative and quantitative, at these various levels. Additionally, the attribution of reserves, changes in reserves and incurred losses between accident year and underwriting year requires adjustments and allocations, both qualitative and quantitative, at these various levels. All of these processes, methods and
32
practices appropriately balance actuarial science, business expertise and management judgment in a manner intended to assure the accuracy, precision and consistency of the Company’s reserving practices, which are fundamental to the Company’s operation. The Company notes, however, that the underlying reserves remain estimates, which are subject to variation, and that the relative degree of variability is generally least when reserves are considered in the aggregate and generally increases as the focus shifts to more granular data levels.
Incurred losses and LAE for the three months ended September 30, 2005 reflected ceded losses and LAE of $34.5 million compared to ceded losses and LAE for the three months ended September 30, 2004 of $27.8 million. The increase in ceded losses was primarily the result of fluctuations in losses ceded under the specific reinsurance coverages purchased by the U.S. Insurance operation.
The following table shows the net catastrophe losses for each of the Company’s operating segments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
(Dollars in thousands) Segment Net Catastrophe Losses |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | $ | 526 | .8 | | $ | 167 | .0 | |
U.S. Insurance | | | | | - | | | | - |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 57 | .9 | | | 10 | .2 | |
International | | | | 48 | .1 | | | 39 | .2 | |
Bermuda | | | | 200 | .3 | | | 4 | .2 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Total | | | $ | 833 | .1 | | $ | 220 | .6 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Incurred losses and LAE include catastrophe losses, which include the impact of both current period events and favorable and unfavorable development on prior period events and are net of reinsurance. Individual catastrophe losses are reported net of specific reinsurance, but before recoveries under corporate level reinsurance. The Company defines a catastrophe as a property event with expected reported losses of at least $5.0 million before corporate level reinsurance and taxes. Effective for the third quarter 2005, industrial risk losses have been excluded from catastrophe losses with prior periods adjusted for comparison purposes. Catastrophe losses, net of contract specific cessions, were $833.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, related principally to aggregate estimated losses mainly driven by Hurricane Katrina with catastrophe losses of $696.2 million, but also reflected catastrophe losses related to hurricanes Rita ($54.0 million), Emily ($15.3 million) and Dennis ($7.0 million), floods in India ($12.6 million), Calgary ($7.0 million) and Europe ($6.2 million) and storms in Ontario ($11.2 million). The 2005 results also reflect unfavorable development on 2004 catastrophes of $25.5 million. Additionally, Hurricane Katrina estimates are subject to considerable uncertainty due to the timing, complexity and unusual nature of the underlying ceding company exposures. These estimates reflect management’s best judgment based on all available information, but ultimate losses could differ, perhaps materially. Catastrophe losses, net of contract specific cessions, were $220.6 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004, principally due to $255 million of estimated aggregate losses from hurricanes Charley, Frances, Ivan and Jeanne and Pacific typhoon activity, partially offset by a $31.0 million reserve reduction related to the World Trade Center events.
33
The following table shows net prior period reserve adjustments for each of the Company’s operating segments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
(Dollars in thousands) Segment Net Prior Period Reserve Adjustments |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | $ | (0 | .5) | | $ | (24 | .8) | |
U.S. Insurance | | | | (25 | .6) | | | 3 | .1 | |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | (20 | .3) | | | 2 | .8 | |
International | | | | (5 | .9) | | | (1 | .3) | |
Bermuda | | | | 24 | .1 | | | 28 | .6 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Total | | | $ | (28 | .2) | | $ | 8 | .3 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Net favorable prior period reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 were $28.2 million compared to net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustment of $8.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. For the three months ended September 30, 2005, the net favorable reserve adjustments included $99.6 million net favorable non-asbestos and environmental (“A&E”), non-catastrophe development, partially offset by $47.7 million net unfavorable A&E adjustments and $23.7 million net unfavorable catastrophe development. The unfavorable reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2004 included unfavorable A&E reserve adjustments of $18.0 million and unfavorable non-A&E, non-catastrophe reserve adjustments of $24.7 million, partially offset by net favorable catastrophe adjustments of $34.4 million. It is important to note that non-A&E accident year reserve development arises from the re-evaluation of accident year results and that such re-evaluations may also impact premiums and commissions attributed by accident year, generally mitigating, in part, the impact of loss development, and that such impacts are recorded as part of the overall reserve evaluation process.
The U.S. Reinsurance segment accounted for $0.5 million of net favorable prior period reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2005, and net favorable prior period reserve adjustments of $24.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004. A&E exposures accounted for $4.8 million and $1.2 million of unfavorable reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Catastrophe losses accounted for $17.8 million unfavorable net prior period reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and $34.5 million favorable net prior period reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2004. Other non-A&E, non-catastrophe net favorable prior period reserve adjustments were $23.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustments were and $8.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, all primarily related to property business classes.
The U.S. Insurance segment reflected $25.6 million of net favorable prior period reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and $3.1 million net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2004. These prior period reserve adjustments were principally due to liability classes relating to accident years 2000 through 2003.
The Specialty Underwriting segment had $20.3 million of net favorable and $2.8 million of net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The September 30, 2005 net favorable prior period reserve adjustments
34
related principally to $25.7 million favorable non-A&E, non-catastrophe reserve adjustments primarily related to the marine, aviation and surety business classes, partially offset by unfavorable catastrophe development of $5.3 million related to the marine and aviation business. The September 30, 2004 net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustment related principally to $3.2 million unfavorable catastrophe adjustments.
The International segment had $5.9 million and $1.3 million of net favorable prior period reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The September 30, 2005 net favorable prior period reserve adjustments related primarily to favorable non-A&E, non-catastrophe reserve development on the Canadian and Asian business of $7.3 million, partially offset by unfavorable catastrophe loss development of $1.4 million. The September 30, 2004 favorable development was related to catastrophe losses on the International and Europe business.
The Bermuda segment reflected $24.0 million and $28.6 million of net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The unfavorable development in the three months ended September 30, 2005 was primarily due to $42.9 million of unfavorable A&E development, partially offset by favorable prior period non-A&E, non-catastrophe development of $18.0 million. The unfavorable development in the three months ended September 30, 2004 was primarily due to $13.5 million of non-A&E, non-catastrophe development and $16.8 million of asbestos reserve development, with most of this development related to exposures assumed through the September 19, 2000 loss portfolio transfer from Mt. McKinley Insurance Company (“Mt. McKinley”), a subsidiary of Holdings.
The segment components of the increase in incurred losses and LAE for the three months ended September 30, 2005 over the three months ended September 30, 2004 were a 82.7% ($298.8 million) increase in the U.S. Reinsurance operation and a 66.6% ($135.8 million) increase in the Bermuda operation, partially offset by a 28.7% ($47.8 million) decrease in the U.S. Insurance operation, a 20.6% ($18.9 million) decrease in the Specialty Underwriting operation and a 7.7% ($10.8 million) decrease in the International operation. These changes reflect variability in premiums earned and changes in the loss expectation assumptions for business written, as well as the net prior period reserve development and catastrophe losses discussed above. Incurred losses and LAE for each operation were also impacted by changes in the pricing of the underlying business, as well as variability relating to changes in the mix of business by class and type.
The Company’s loss ratio, which is calculated by dividing incurred losses and LAE by net premiums earned, increased by 53.2 percentage points to 137.6% in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from 84.4% in the three months ended September 30, 2004, reflecting the impact of the changes in premiums earned and incurred losses and LAE discussed above, as well as changes in the underlying business mix and aggregate rates, terms and conditions.
35
The following table shows the loss ratios for each of the Company’s operating segments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. The loss ratios for all operations were impacted by the factors noted above.
Segment Loss Ratios |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | | 193 | .4% | | | 106 | .5% |
U.S. Insurance | | | | 58 | .7% | | | 67 | .8% |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 136 | .9% | | | 74 | .6% | |
International | | | | 74 | .2% | | | 72 | .6% |
Bermuda | | | | 179 | .3% | | | 84 | .9% |
The Company’s expense ratio, which is calculated by dividing underwriting expenses by net premiums earned, was 24.6% for the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 24.1% for the three months ended September 30, 2004.
The following table shows the expense ratios for each of the Company’s operating segments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004.
Segment Expense Ratios |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | | 24 | .0% | | | 26 | .2% |
U.S. Insurance | | | | 23 | .9% | | | 20 | .8% |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 24 | .2% | | | 30 | .6% | |
International | | | | 28 | .2% | | | 27 | .0% |
Bermuda | | | | 20 | .7% | | | 16 | .9% |
Segment underwriting expenses decreased by 14.4% to $231.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $270.2 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004. Commission, brokerage, taxes and fees decreased by $43.4 million, principally reflecting decreases in premium volume and changes in the mix and distribution channel of business. Segment other underwriting expenses increased by $4.4 million, as the Company continued to expand operations to support its business. Contributing to the segment underwriting expense decreases were a 65.9% ($24.8 million) decrease in the Specialty Underwriting operation, a 7.7% ($6.8 million) decrease in the U.S. Reinsurance operation, a 5.8% ($3.0 million) decrease in the International operation, a 5.5% ($2.8 million) decrease in the U.S. Insurance operation and a 3.8% ($1.5 million) decrease in the Bermuda operation. The changes for each operation’s expenses principally resulted from changes in commission expenses related to changes in premium volume and business mix by class and type and, in some cases, changes in the use of specific reinsurance, as well as the underwriting performance of the underlying business.
The Company’s combined ratio, which is the sum of the loss and expense ratios, increased by 53.7 percentage points to 162.2% in the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 108.5% in the three months ended September 30, 2004.
36
The following table shows the combined ratios for each of the Company’s operating segments for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. The combined ratios for all operations were impacted by the loss and expense ratio variability noted above.
Segment Combined Ratios |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | | 217 | .4% | | | 132 | .7% |
U.S. Insurance | | | | 82 | .6% | | | 88 | .6% |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 161 | .1% | | | 105 | .2% | |
International | | | | 102 | .4% | | | 99 | .6% |
Bermuda | | | | 200 | .0% | | | 101 | .8% |
Investment Results.Net investment income decreased 5.1% to $117.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $123.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, despite an increase in invested assets from $11.0 billion at September 30, 2004 to $12.2 billion at September 30, 2005, principally reflecting variability in investment income from equity investments in limited partnerships, which tend to fluctuate quarter by quarter. Investment (loss) income for these limited partnerships for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 was a $7.1 million loss and $7.3 million of income, respectively.
The following table shows a comparison of various investment yields for the periods indicated:
|
| 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
Imbedded pre-tax yield of cash and invested assets at September 30, 2005 and 2004 | | | | 4 | .5% | | | 4 | .7% |
Imbedded after-tax yield of cash and invested assets at September 30, 2005 and 2004 | | | | 3 | .9% | | | 4 | .0% |
Annualized pre-tax yield on average cash and invested assets for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 | | | | 4 | .0% | | | 4 | .8% | |
Annualized after-tax yield on average cash and invested assets for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 | | | | 3 | .6% | | | 4 | .0% |
Net realized capital gains of $27.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 reflected realized capital gains on the Company’s investments of $29.5 million, resulting principally from $22.8 million of gains on the partial sale of the interest only strip portfolio, partially offset by $1.8 million of realized capital losses. Net realized capital gains of $10.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004 reflected realized capital gains on the Company’s investments of $11.3 million, resulting primarily from the early liquidation of an investment portfolio trust, partially offset by $1.2 million of realized capital losses.
The Company has outstanding one credit default swap and seven specialized equity put options in its product portfolio. These products meet the definition of a derivative under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“FAS 133”). The Company recognized net derivative income of $5.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and net derivative loss of $6.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, reflecting changes in fair value for the specialized equity put options.
37
Other expense for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 was $7.4 million and $3.6 million, respectively. The change in other expense for the three months ended September 30, 2005 was primarily due to share option expense, miscellaneous expenses and variability in the impact of foreign currency exchange gain.
Corporate underwriting expenses not allocated to segments were $4.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005, which were comparable with the $3.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004.
Interest expense and fees for the three months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 were $17.3 million and $19.4 million, respectively. Interest expense and fees for the three months ended September 30, 2005 included $7.8 million related to the senior notes, $9.4 million related to the junior subordinated debt securities and $.1 million related to the credit line under the Company’s revolving credit facilities. Interest expense and fees for the three months ended September 30, 2004 included $9.7 million related to the senior notes, $9.4 million related to the junior subordinated debt securities and $0.3 million related to borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facilities. Interest expense on senior notes decreased to $7.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 from $9.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004 as the 5.4% senior notes issued on October 12, 2004 effectively replaced the 8.5% senior notes due March 15, 2005, which were retired.
Income Taxes. The Company’s income tax expense is primarily a function of the statutory tax rates and corresponding net income (loss) in the jurisdictions where the Company operates, coupled with the impact from tax preferenced investment income. The Company recognized an income tax benefit of $53.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to an income tax benefit of $3.7 million in the three months ended September 30, 2004. Variations generally reflect changes in the relative levels of pre-tax income between jurisdictions with different tax rates and, specifically for the third quarter of 2005, also reflected the significant increase in incurred losses relating to catastrophes resulting, ultimately, in a substantial pre-tax loss for the period.
Net (Loss) Income. Net loss was $417.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2005 compared to net income of $11.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2004, with the change primarily reflecting an increase in incurred losses, partially offset by related tax benefits.
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2004
As noted earlier, the principal driver of the disappointing year to date results was incurred losses related to Hurricane Katrina and other third quarter 2005 catastrophe events, which are discussed under the heading “Expenses”.
Premiums. Gross written premiums decreased 8.2% to $3,237.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $3,527.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, reflecting increased competitive pressures on pricing. Premium decline areas included a 29.7% ($104.7 million) decrease in the Specialty Underwriting operation, resulting primarily from a $106.0 million decrease in A&H business and a $21.0 million decrease in surety business, partially offset by a $22.2 million increase in marine and aviation business. The U.S. Insurance operation decreased 17.7% ($162.6 million), principally as a result of a $223.9 million decrease
38
in workers’ compensation business, primarily resulting from the 2004 termination of the American All-Risk Insurance Services, Inc. contract, partially offset by a $61.4 million increase in program business outside of the workers’ compensation class. The Bermuda operation decreased 14.8% ($102.8 million), which reflected declines in individual risk underwritten insurance and reinsurance in Bermuda and motor business reinsurance in the UK. The International operation increased 5.5% ($28.1 million), primarily due to a $70.3 million increase in Asian business, partially offset by a $23.6 million decrease in international business written through the Miami and New Jersey offices, representing primarily Latin American business. The U.S. Reinsurance operation increased 4.9% ($51.8 million), principally reflecting an $161.2 million increase in treaty property business, partially offset by a $79.9 million decrease in treaty casualty business and a $24.7 million decrease in facultative business.
Ceded premiums decreased to $100.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $119.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Ceded premiums generally relate to specific reinsurance purchased by the U.S. Insurance operation and fluctuate based upon the level of premiums written in the individual reinsured programs.
Net written premiums decreased by 8.0% to $3,136.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $3,408.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, reflecting the decrease in gross written premiums, partially offset by the decrease in ceded premiums.
Premium Revenues. Net premiums earned decreased by 4.4% to $3,057.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $3,199.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Contributing to this decrease was a 30.1% ($103.1 million) decrease in the Specialty Underwriting operation, a 14.1% ($92.5 million) decrease in the Bermuda operation and a 9.8% ($67.9 million) decrease in the U.S. Insurance operation, partially offset by an 8.2% ($39.3 million) increase in the International operation and an 8.1% ($82.8 million) increase in the U.S. Reinsurance operation. All of these changes reflect period to period changes in net written premiums and business mix, together with normal variability in earning patterns. Business mix changes occur not only as the Company shifts emphasis between products, lines of business, distribution channels and markets, but also as individual contracts renew or non-renew, almost always with changes in coverage, structure, prices and/or terms, and as new contracts are accepted with coverages, structures, prices and/or terms different from those of expiring contracts. As premium reporting, earnings, loss and commission characteristics derive from the provisions of individual contracts, the continuous turnover of individual contracts, arising from both strategic shifts and day to day underwriting, can and does introduce appreciable background variability in various underwriting line items. Changes in estimates related to the reporting patterns of ceding companies also affect premiums earned.
Expenses. Incurred losses and LAE increased by 14.0% to $2,678.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $2,349.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The increase in incurred losses and LAE was principally related to catastrophe losses and changes in the Company’s mix of business, partially offset by the decrease in reserve adjustments for prior period losses. These changes reflect variability in premiums earned and changes in the loss expectation assumptions for business written, as well as the net prior period reserve development and catastrophe losses discussed below. Incurred losses and LAE were also impacted by changes in the pricing of the underlying business, as well as variability relating to changes in the mix of business by class and type.
39
The Company’s loss and LAE reserves reflect estimates of ultimate claim liability. Such estimates are re-evaluated on an ongoing basis, including re-estimates of prior period reserves, taking into consideration all available information and, in particular, newly reported loss and claim experience. The effect of such re-evaluations impacts incurred losses for the current period. The Company notes that its analytical methods and processes operate at multiple levels, including individual contracts, groupings of like contracts, classes and lines of business, internal business units, segments, legal entities, and in the aggregate. The complexities of the Company’s business and operations require analyses and adjustments, both qualitative and quantitative, at these various levels. Additionally, the attribution of reserves, changes in reserves and incurred losses between accident year and underwriting year requires adjustments and allocations, both qualitative and quantitative, at these various levels. All of these processes, methods and practices appropriately balance actuarial science, business expertise and management judgment in a manner intended to assure the accuracy, precision and consistency of the Company’s reserving practices, which are fundamental to the Company’s operation. The Company notes, however, that the underlying reserves remain estimates, which are subject to variation, and that the relative degree of variability is generally least when reserves are considered in the aggregate and generally increases as the focus shifts to more granular data levels.
Incurred losses and LAE for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 reflected ceded losses and LAE of $94.8 million compared to ceded losses and LAE for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 of $109.9 million. The decrease in ceded losses was primarily the result of fluctuations in losses ceded under the specific reinsurance coverages purchased by the U.S. Insurance operation.
The following table shows the net catastrophe losses for each of the Company’s operating segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
(Dollars in thousands) Segment Net Catastrophe Losses |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | $ | 551 | .4 | | $ | 166 | .9 | |
U.S. Insurance | | | | | - | | | | - |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 66 | .1 | | | 11 | .0 | |
International | | | | 63 | .5 | | | 39 | .5 | |
Bermuda | | | | 206 | .1 | | | 2 | .0 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Total | | | $ | 887 | .1 | | $ | 219 | .4 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Incurred losses and LAE include catastrophe losses, which include the impact of both current period events and favorable and unfavorable development on prior period events and are net of reinsurance. Individual catastrophe losses are reported net of specific reinsurance, but before recoveries under corporate level reinsurance. The Company defines a catastrophe as a property event with expected reported losses of at least $5.0 million before corporate level reinsurance and taxes. Effective for the third quarter 2005, industrial risk losses have been excluded from catastrophe losses, with prior periods adjusted for comparison reasons. Catastrophe losses, net of contract specific cessions, were $887.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, related principally to aggregate estimated losses mainly driven by Hurricane Katrina with catastrophe losses of $696.2 million, but also reflected catastrophe losses related to hurricanes Rita ($54.0 million), Emily ($15.3 million) and Dennis ($7.0 million) and floods in India ($12.6 million), Calgary ($7.0 million) and Europe ($6.2 million) and storms in Ontario ($11.2 million).
40
The 2005 results also reflect unfavorable development on 2004 catastrophes of $82.6 million. Additionally, Hurricane Katrina estimates are subject to considerable uncertainty due to the timing, complexity and unusual nature of the underlying ceding company exposures. These estimates reflect management’s best judgment based on all available information, but ultimate losses could differ, perhaps materially. Catastrophe losses, net of contract specific cessions, were $219.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004, related principally to aggregate estimated losses of $255.0 million from hurricanes Charley ($72.5 million), Frances ($66.5 million), Ivan ($61.0 million) and Jeanne ($50.0 million) and Pacific typhoons ($5.0 million), which were partially offset by $31.0 million of reserve reductions related to the World Trade Center events.
The following table shows net prior period reserve adjustments for each of the Company’s operating segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004:
(Dollars in thousands) Segment Net Prior Period Reserve Adjustments |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | $ | 39 | .6 | | $ | (4 | .9) | |
U.S. Insurance | | | | (23 | .1) | | | 21 | .2 |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | (10 | .4) | | | (7 | .4) | |
International | | | | (8 | .8) | | | (1 | .0) | |
Bermuda | | | | 40 | .9 | | | 114 | .1 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Total | | | $ | 38 | .2 | | $ | 122 | .0 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustments, which include catastrophe development, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 were $38.2 million compared to $122.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the net unfavorable reserve adjustments included net unfavorable catastrophe development of $77.7 million and net unfavorable A&E adjustments of $72.3 million, partially offset by non-A&E, non-catastrophe net favorable prior period reserve adjustments of $111.8 million, primarily related to property business classes. The reserve adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 included unfavorable A&E development of $129.4 million, unfavorable non-A&E, non-catastrophe adjustments related primarily to casualty development of $28.2 million and favorable catastrophe adjustments of $35.6 million, which included a reduction of reserves for the World Trade Center events. It is important to note that non-A&E accident year reserve development arises from the re-evaluation of accident year results and that such re-evaluations may also impact premiums and commissions attributed by accident year, generally mitigating, in part, the impact of loss development, and that such impacts are recorded as part of the overall reserve evaluation process.
The U.S. Reinsurance segment accounted for $39.6 million of net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, which included $13.5 million of favorable non-A&E, non-catastrophe prior period reserve adjustments as compared to net favorable prior period reserve adjustments of $4.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. A&E exposures accounted for $10.7 million and $8.4 million of unfavorable reserve adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Catastrophe losses accounted for $42.4 million of unfavorable reserve adjustments and $34.6 favorable reserve adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
41
The U.S. Insurance segment reflected $23.1 million of favorable and $21.2 million of unfavorable net prior period reserve adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. These prior period reserve adjustments were principally due to casualty classes related to accident years 2000 through 2003.
The Specialty Underwriting segment had $10.4 million and $7.4 million of net favorable prior period reserve adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Catastrophe development accounted for $13.6 million and $4.0 million of net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively and was primarily on the marine and aviation classes of business. Non-A&E, non-catastrophe development accounted for $24.1 million and $11.4 million favorable net prior period reserve adjustment for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, principally on the marine, aviation and surety classes of business in 2005 and the marine, aviation and A&H classes of business in 2004.
The International segment had $8.8 million and $1.0 million of net favorable prior period reserve adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The September 30, 2005 net favorable prior period reserve adjustments related primarily to favorable non-asbestos, non-catastrophe reserve development of $25.7 million, primarily on property business classes, partially offset by $16.9 million of property catastrophe loss development on the Asian and Canadian business.
The Bermuda segment reflected $40.9 million and $114.1 million of net unfavorable prior period reserve adjustments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The unfavorable development in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was primarily due to unfavorable A&E reserve development of $61.6 million, related to exposures assumed through the September 19, 2000 loss portfolio transfer from Mt. McKinley, partially offset by favorable development of $25.9 million of non-A&E reserve adjustments. The development in the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was primarily the result of $121.0 million of unfavorable asbestos reserve development.
The Company’s loss ratio, which is calculated by dividing incurred losses and LAE by net premiums earned, increased by 14.2 percentage points to 87.6% in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from 73.4% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004, reflecting the impact of the changes in premiums earned and incurred losses and LAE discussed above, as well as changes in the underlying business mix and aggregate rates, terms and conditions.
The following table shows the loss ratios for each of the Company’s operating segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. The loss ratios for all operations were impacted by the factors noted above.
Segment Loss Ratios |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | | 106 | .0% | | | 80 | .5% |
U.S. Insurance | | | | 65 | .6% | | | 70 | .8% |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 79 | .8% | | | 64 | .2% | |
International | | | | 61 | .3% | | | 59 | .5% |
Bermuda | | | | 103 | .4% | | | 80 | .2% |
42
The segment components of the increase in incurred losses and LAE for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 over the nine months ended September 30, 2004 were a 42.3% ($349.0 million) increase in the U.S. Reinsurance operation, a 11.5% ($32.9 million) increase in the International operation and a 10.7% ($56.3 million) increase in the Bermuda operation, partially offset by a 16.3% ($80.4 million) decrease in the U.S. Insurance operation and a 13.2% ($28.9 million) decrease in the Specialty Underwriting operation. These changes reflect variability in premiums earned and changes in the loss expectation assumptions for business written, as well as the net prior period reserve development and catastrophe losses discussed above. Incurred losses and LAE for each operation were also impacted by changes in the pricing of the underlying business, as well as variability relating to changes in the mix of business by class and type, which in general reflected a more favorable mix.
The Company’s expense ratio, which is calculated by dividing underwriting expenses by net premiums earned, was 26.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 23.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
The following table shows the expense ratios for each of the Company’s operating segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004.
Segment Expense Ratios |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | | 26 | .2% | | | 27 | .1% |
U.S. Insurance | | | | 22 | .6% | | | 18 | .1% |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 27 | .2% | | | 29 | .7% | |
International | | | | 26 | .7% | | | 25 | .4% |
Bermuda | | | | 26 | .3% | | | 19 | .8% |
Segment underwriting expenses increased by 3.5% to $782.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $756.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Commission, brokerage, taxes and fees increased by $17.8 million, principally reflecting changes in the mix and distribution channels of business and an increase in premium based taxes. Segment other underwriting expenses increased by $8.8 million, as the Company continued to expand operations to support its business activity. Contributing to the segment underwriting expense increases were a 14.2% ($18.4 million) increase in the Bermuda operation, a 13.4% ($16.5 million) increase in the International operation, a 12.7% ($15.9 million) increase in the U.S. Insurance operation and a 4.5% ($12.4 million) increase in the U.S. Reinsurance operation, which were partially offset by an 36.0% ($36.6 million) decrease in the Specialty Underwriting operation. The changes for each operation’s expenses principally resulted from changes in commission expenses related to changes in premium volume and business mix by class and type and, in some cases, changes in the use of specific reinsurance, as well as the underwriting performance of the underlying business.
The Company’s combined ratio, which is the sum of the loss and expense ratios, increased by 16.3 percentage points to 113.6% in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to 97.3% in the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
43
The following table shows the combined ratios for each of the Company’s operating segments for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. The combined ratios for all operations were impacted by the loss and expense ratio variability noted above.
Segment Combined Ratios |
|
|
|
|
Segment | 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | | 132 | .2% | | | 107 | .6% |
U.S. Insurance | | | | 88 | .2% | | | 88 | .9% |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 107 | .0% | | | 93 | .9% | |
International | | | | 88 | .0% | | | 84 | .9% |
Bermuda | | | | 129 | .7% | | | 100 | .0% |
Investment Results.Net investment income increased 7.3% to $387.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $361.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, principally reflecting a $1.2 billion year over year increase in invested assets, coupled with variability from equity investments in limited partnerships, which tend to fluctuate period to period. Investment income for these limited partnerships for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 was $12.3 million and $36.6 million, respectively.
The following table shows a comparison of various investment yields for the periods indicated:
|
| 2005 | | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
Imbedded pre-tax yield of cash and invested assets at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004 | | | | 4 | .5% | | | 4 | .7% |
Imbedded after-tax yield of cash and invested assets at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004 | | | | 3 | .9% | | | 4 | .1% |
Annualized pre-tax yield on average cash and invested assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 | | | | 4 | .5% | | | 4 | .9% | |
Annualized after-tax yield on average cash and invested assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 | | | | 3 | .9% | | | 4 | .1% |
Net realized capital gains were $57.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, which reflected realized capital gains on the Company’s investments of $71.6 million, resulting primarily from transactions to realign the investment portfolio in response to interest and credit market conditions, coupled with gains from the partial sale of the Company’s interest only strip portfolio, partially offset by $14.1 million of realized capital losses, which included $7.0 million related to write-downs in the value of interest only strips deemed to be impaired on an other than temporary basis in accordance with EITF 99-20. Net realized capital gains were $91.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, which reflected realized capital gains on the Company’s investments of $161.2 million, which included $118.2 million on the sale of interest only strip investments, partially offset by $69.3 million of realized capital losses, which included $65.1 million related to the write-downs in the value of interest only strips deemed to be impaired on an other than temporary basis in accordance with EITF 99-20, prior to liquidation of the interest only strip portfolio during the second quarter of 2004.
The Company has outstanding one credit default swap and seven specialized equity put options in its product portfolio. These products meet the definition of a derivative under FAS 133. Net derivative expense from these derivative transactions for the nine months ended September 30,
44
2005 and 2004 was $3.0 million and $6.0 million, respectively, with both periods principally reflecting changes in fair value for the specialized equity put options.
Other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 was $13.7 million and $0.2 million, respectively. The change in other expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 was primarily due to variability in the impact of foreign currency exchange loss and share option expense.
Corporate underwriting expenses not allocated to segments were $10.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $7.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
Interest expense and fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 were $56.1 million and $53.2 million, respectively. Interest expense and fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 included $27.7 million related to the senior notes, $28.1 million related to the junior subordinated debt securities and $0.3 million related to the credit line under the Company’s revolving credit facilities. Interest expense and fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 included $29.2 million related to the senior notes, $23.0 million related to the junior subordinated debt securities and $1.0 million related to borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility. The change in interest expense on the senior notes to $27.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $29.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was due to the issuance of new senior notes on October 12, 2004, partially offset by the retirement of the senior notes due March 15, 2005.
Income Taxes. The Company’s income tax expense is primarily a function of the statutory tax rates and corresponding net income (loss) in the jurisdictions where the Company operates, coupled with the impact from tax preferenced investment income. The Company recognized an income tax expense of $14.4 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to $78.6 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. The decrease in taxes generally reflects the decrease in the Company’s pre-tax income. Variations generally reflect changes in the relative levels of pre-tax income between jurisdictions with different tax rates and more specifically, the significant increase in incurred losses related to catastrophes including, ultimately, a net loss for the period.
Net (Loss) Income. Net loss was $56.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 compared to net income of $401.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, with the change primarily reflecting an increase in catastrophe losses, partially offset by continued strong non-catastrophe operating results and tax benefits.
FINANCIAL CONDITION
Cash and Invested Assets.Aggregate invested assets, including cash and short-term investments, were $12,181.9 million at September 30, 2005 and $11,530.2 million at December 31, 2004. This increase in cash and invested assets resulted primarily from $992.3 million in cash flows from operations and $57.5 million of realized capital gains, partially offset by $35.5 million in net pre-tax unrealized depreciation of the Company’s investments, which was primarily due to changes in interest rates and the $250.0 million repayment of senior notes due March 15, 2005. Gross pre-tax unrealized appreciation and depreciation across the Company’s investment portfolio were $461.1 million and $78.8 million, respectively, at September 30, 2005
45
compared to gross pre-tax unrealized appreciation and depreciation at December 31, 2004 of $449.1 million and $31.3 million, respectively.
The Company’s current investment strategy generally seeks to maximize after-tax income through a high quality, diversified, taxable and tax-preferenced fixed maturity portfolio, while maintaining an adequate level of liquidity. The Company actively considers total return performance, in particular as respects the potential for variability in the unrealized appreciation/depreciation component of its shareholders’ equity account as investment conditions shift. The Company’s mix of taxable and tax-preferenced investments is adjusted continuously, consistent with the Company’s current and projected operating results, market conditions and the Company’s tax position. The fixed maturities in the investment portfolio are comprised of available for sale securities. Additionally, the Company has invested in equity securities, principally public equity index securities, which it believes will enhance the risk-adjusted total return of the investment portfolio. Such investments accounted for 32.2% of the Company’s shareholders’ equity at September 30, 2005 as compared to 17.5% at December 31, 2004.
The Company strategically invests in interest only strips in response to movement in, and levels of, capital market interest rates. These investments are aimed at mitigating potential decreases in unrealized appreciation on the Company’s fixed income portfolio during a period where management judged that there was extraordinary potential for an increase in general interest rates. The market value of the interest only strips was $78.2 million at September 30, 2005 and no such securities were held at September 30, 2004.
The tables below summarize the composition and characteristics of the Company’s investment portfolio for the periods indicated:
| As of September 30, 2005 | As of December 31, 2004 |
|
|
|
Fixed maturities | | | | 82 | .1% | | 86 | .3% |
Equity securities | | | | 9 | .5% | | 5 | .6% |
Short-term investments | | | | 5 | .3% | | 5 | .1% |
Other invested assets | | | | 2 | .0% | | 1 | .4% |
Cash | | | | 1 | .1% | | 1 | .6% |
|
|
|
Total investments and cash | | | | 100 | .0% | | 100 | .0% |
|
|
|
|
As of September 30, 2005 | As of December 31, 2004 |
|
|
|
Fixed income portfolio duration | | | 4.2 years | 5.2 years |
Fixed income composite credit quality | | | | A | a2 | | A | a2 |
Imbedded end of period yield, pre-tax | | | | 4 | .5% | | 4 | .7% |
Imbedded end of period yield, after-tax | | | | 3 | .9% | | 4 | .1% |
The increase in equity securities reflects a continuing reweighting of the Company’s target investment mix.
46
The Company, because of its historical income orientation, has generally considered total return, the combination of income yield and capital appreciation/depreciation, to be relatively less important as a measure of performance than its overall income yield. The following table provides a comparison of the Company’s total return by asset class to broadly accepted industry benchmarks for the periods indicated:
|
| For the nine months ended September 30, 2005 | | For the year ended December 31, 2004 |
|
|
|
Fixed income portfolio total return | | | | 2 | .4% | | | 6 | .5% |
Lehman bond aggregate | | | | 1 | .8% | | | 4 | .3% |
Common equity portfolio total return | | | | 11 | .0% | | | 21 | .9% |
S&P 500 | | | | 2 | .8% | | | 10 | .9% |
Reinsurance Receivables. Reinsurance receivables for both paid and unpaid losses totaled $1,085.4 million at September 30, 2005, a 10.4% reduction from the $1,210.8 million total at December 31, 2004. At September 30, 2005, $261.5 million, or 24.1%, was receivable from subsidiaries of London Reinsurance Group (“London Life”). These receivables are collateralized by a combination of letters of credit and funds held arrangements under which the Company has retained the premium payments due the retrocessionaire, recognized liabilities for such amounts and reduced such liabilities as payments are due from the retrocessionaire. In addition, $183.3 million, or 16.9%, was receivable from Transatlantic Reinsurance Company (“Transatlantic”), $160.0 million, or 14.7%, was receivable from LM Property and Casualty Insurance Company (“LM”), whose obligations are guaranteed by The Prudential Insurance Company of America (“The Prudential”), and $100.0 million, or 9.2%, was receivable from Continental Insurance Company (“Continental”), which is partially collateralized by funds held arrangements. No other retrocessionaire accounted for more than 5% of the Company’s receivables.
Loss and LAE Reserves.Gross loss and LAE reserves totaled $8,898.8 million at September 30, 2005 and $7,836.3 million at December 31, 2004. The increase during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 is primarily attributable to catastrophe losses, net prior period reserve adjustments in select areas and normal variability in claim settlements.
47
The following tables summarize gross outstanding loss and LAE reserves, segregated into case reserves and incurred but not reported loss (“IBNR”) reserves, which are generally analyzed on a combined basis, for the periods indicated.
Gross Reserves By Segment | | | | |
| As of September 30, 2005 | | | |
(Dollars in thousands) | Case Reserves | IBNR Reserves | Total Reserves | % of Total |
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | $ | 1,419,629 | | $ | 2,646,803 | | $ | 4,066,432 | | | 45 | .7% |
U.S. Insurance | | | | 589,376 | | | 957,907 | | | 1,547,283 | | | 17 | .4% |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 216,815 | | | 155,110 | | | 371,925 | | | 4 | .2% |
International | | | | 481,337 | | | 384,444 | | | 865,781 | | | 9 | .7% |
Bermuda | | | | 496,548 | | | 815,701 | | | 1,312,249 | | | 14 | .7% |
|
|
|
|
|
Total excluding A&E | | | | 3,203,705 | | | 4,959,965 | | | 8,163,670 | | | 91 | .7% |
A&E | | | | 586,850 | | | 148,232 | | | 735,082 | | | 8 | .3% |
|
|
|
|
|
Total including A&E | | | $ | 3,790,555 | | $ | 5,108,197 | | $ | 8,898,752 | | | 100 | .0% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2004 | | | |
(Dollars in thousands) | Case Reserves | IBNR Reserves | Total Reserves | % of Total |
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Reinsurance | | | $ | 1,354,647 | | $ | 2,174,762 | | $ | 3,529,409 | | | 45 | .0% |
U.S. Insurance | | | | 599,200 | | | 793,451 | | | 1,392,651 | | | 17 | .7% |
Specialty Underwriting | | | | 215,187 | | | 158,793 | | | 373,980 | | | 4 | .8% |
International | | | | 421,804 | | | 359,073 | | | 780,877 | | | 10 | .0% |
Bermuda | | | | 425,273 | | | 605,791 | | | 1,031,064 | | | 13 | .2% |
|
|
|
|
|
Total excluding A&E | | | | 3,016,111 | | | 4,091,870 | | | 7,107,981 | | | 90 | .7% |
A&E | | | | 571,939 | | | 156,386 | | | 728,325 | | | 9 | .3% |
|
|
|
|
|
Total including A&E | | | $ | 3,588,050 | | $ | 4,248,256 | | $ | 7,836,306 | | | 100 | .0% |
|
|
|
|
|
The changes by segment generally reflect changes in earned premium, changes in business mix, the impact of reserve re-estimations and changes in catastrophe loss reserves, together with claim settlement activity. The fluctuations for A&E reflect the impact of reserve re-evaluations and claim settlement activity.
The Company’s loss and LAE reserves reflect estimates of ultimate claim liability. Such estimates are re-evaluated on an ongoing basis, including re-estimates of prior period reserves, taking into consideration all available information and, in particular, newly reported loss and claim experience. The effect of such re-evaluations impacts incurred losses for the current period. The Company notes that its analytical methods and processes operate at multiple levels including individual contracts, groupings of like contracts, classes and lines of business, internal business units, segments, legal entities, and in the aggregate. The complexities of the Company’s business and operations require analyses and adjustments, both qualitative and quantitative, at these various levels. Additionally, the attribution of reserves, change in reserves and incurred losses, between accident year and underwriting year requires adjustments and allocations, both qualitative and quantitative, at these various levels. All of these processes, methods and
48
practices appropriately balance actuarial science, business expertise and management judgment in a manner intended to assure the accuracy, precision and consistency of the Company’s reserving practices, which are fundamental to the Company’s operation. The Company notes however, that the underlying reserves remain estimates, which are subject to variation, and that the relative degree of variability is generally least when reserves are considered in the aggregate and generally increases as the focus shifts to more granular data levels.
There can be no assurance that reserves for, and losses from, claim obligations will not increase in the future. However, management believes that the Company’s existing reserves and reserving methodologies lessen the probability that any such increase would have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. In this context, the Company notes that over the past 10 years, its past calendar year operations have been affected variably by effects from prior period reserve re-estimates, with such effects ranging from a favorable $35.4 million, representing 1.2% of the net prior period reserves for the year in which the adjustment was made, to an unfavorable $312.0 million, representing 6.0% of the net prior period reserves for the year in which the adjustment was made. The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2004 discusses the Company’s past experience more fully in Part I, Item 1, “Changes in Historical Reserves”.
Asbestos and Environmental Reserves.The Company continues to receive claims under expired contracts, both insurance and reinsurance, asserting alleged injuries and/or damages relating to or resulting from environmental pollution and hazardous substances, including asbestos. The Company’s asbestos claims typically involve potential liability for bodily injury from exposure to asbestos or for property damage resulting from asbestos or products containing asbestos. The Company’s environmental claims typically involve potential liability for (a) the mitigation or remediation of environmental contamination or (b) bodily injury or property damages caused by the release of hazardous substances into the land, air or water.
The Company’s reserves include an estimate of the Company’s ultimate liability for A&E claims. This estimate is made based on judgmental assessment of the underlying exposures as the result of (1) long and variable reporting delays, both from insureds to insurance companies and from ceding companies to reinsurers; (2) historical data, which is more limited and variable on A&E losses than historical information on other types of casualty claims; and (3) unique aspects of A&E exposures for which ultimate value cannot be estimated using traditional reserving techniques. There are significant uncertainties in estimating the amount of the Company’s potential losses from A&E claims. Among the uncertainties are: (a) potentially long waiting periods between exposure and manifestation of any bodily injury or property damage; (b) difficulty in identifying sources of asbestos or environmental contamination; (c) difficulty in properly allocating responsibility and/or liability for asbestos or environmental damage; (d) changes in underlying laws and judicial interpretation of those laws; (e) the potential for an asbestos or environmental claim to involve many insurance providers over many policy periods; (f) questions concerning interpretation and application of insurance and reinsurance coverage; and (g) uncertainty regarding the number and identity of insureds with potential asbestos or environmental exposure.
With respect to asbestos claims in particular, several additional factors have emerged in recent years that further compound the difficulty in estimating the Company’s liability. These developments include: (a) continued growth in the number of claims filed, in part reflecting a much more aggressive plaintiff bar and including claims against defendants formerly regarded as “peripheral”; (b) a disproportionate percentage of claims filed by individuals with no functional
49
injury, which should have little to no financial value but that have increasingly been considered in jury verdicts and settlements; (c) the growth in the number and significance of bankruptcy filings by companies as a result of asbestos claims (including, more recently, bankruptcy filings in which companies attempt to resolve their asbestos liabilities in a manner that is prejudicial to insurers and forecloses insurers from the negotiation of bankruptcy plans); (d) the concentration of claims in a small number of states that favor plaintiffs; (e) the growth in the number of claims that might impact the general liability portion of insurance policies rather than the product liability portion; (f) measures adopted by specific courts to ameliorate the worst procedural abuses; (g) an increase in settlement values being paid to asbestos claimants, especially those with cancer or functional impairment; (h) legislation in some states to address asbestos litigation issues; and (i) the potential that other states or the U.S. Congress may adopt legislation on asbestos litigation.
Management believes that these uncertainties and factors continue to render reserves for A&E and particularly asbestos losses significantly less subject to traditional actuarial analysis than reserves for other types of losses. Given these uncertainties, management believes that no meaningful range for such ultimate losses can be established. The Company establishes reserves to the extent that, in the judgment of management, the facts and prevailing law reflect an exposure for the Company or its ceding companies.
In connection with the acquisition of Mt. McKinley, which has significant exposure to A&E claims, LM provided reinsurance to Mt. McKinley covering 80% ($160.0 million) of the first $200.0 million of any adverse development of Mt. McKinley’s reserves as of September 19, 2000 and The Prudential guaranteed LM’s obligations to Mt. McKinley. Cessions under this reinsurance agreement exhausted the limit available under the contract at December 31, 2003.
Due to the uncertainties discussed above, the ultimate losses attributable to A&E, and particularly asbestos, may be subject to more variability than are non-A&E reserves and such variation could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and/or cash flows.
With respect to Mt. McKinley, where the Company has a direct relationship with policyholders, the Company’s aggressive litigation posture and the uncertainties inherent in the asbestos coverage and bankruptcy litigation have provided an opportunity to actively engage in settlement negotiations with a number of those policyholders who have potentially significant asbestos liabilities. Those discussions are oriented towards achieving reasonable negotiated settlements that limit Mt. McKinley’s liability to a given policyholder to a sum certain. In 2004 and thus far in 2005, the Company concluded such settlements or reached agreement in principle with 13 of its high profile policyholders. The Company has currently identified 10 remaining policyholders based on their past claim activity and/or potential future liabilities as “High Profile Policyholders” and its settlement efforts are generally directed at such policyholders, in part because their exposures have developed to the point where both the policyholder and the Company have sufficient information to be motivated to settle. The Company believes that this active approach will ultimately result in a more cost-effective liquidation of Mt. McKinley’s liabilities than a passive approach, although it may also introduce additional variability in Mt. McKinley’s losses and cash flows as reserves are adjusted to reflect the development of negotiations and, ultimately, potentially accelerated settlements.
There is less potential for similar settlements with respect to the Company’s reinsurance asbestos claims. Ceding companies, with their direct obligation to insureds and overall responsibility for
50
claim settlements, are not consistently aggressive in developing claim settlement information and conveying this information to reinsurers, which can introduce significant and perhaps inappropriate delays in the reporting of asbestos claims/exposures to reinsurers. These delays not only extend the timing of reinsurance claim settlements, but also restrict the information available to estimate the reinsurers’ ultimate exposure. At September 30, 2005 the Company had gross asbestos loss reserves of $649.4 million, of which $319.5 million was for assumed business and $329.9 million was for direct business.
The following table summarizes incurred losses with respect to A&E on both a gross and net of retrocessional basis for the periods indicated:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, |
(Dollars in thousands) | 2005 | 2004 | 2005 | 2004 |
|
|
|
|
|
Gross basis: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Beginning of period reserves | | | $ | 701,756 | | $ | 829,899 | | $ | 728,325 | | $ | 765,257 | |
Incurred losses | | | | 49,550 | | | 20,000 | | | 67,550 | | | 139,300 | |
Paid losses | | | | (16,224 | ) | | (31,645 | ) | | (60,793 | ) | | (86,303 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
End of period reserves | | | $ | 735,082 | | $ | 818,254 | | $ | 735,082 | | $ | 818,254 | |
|
|
|
|
|
Net basis: | | |
Beginning of period reserves | | | $ | 490,204 | | $ | 598,532 | | $ | 506,675 | | $ | 534,369 | |
Incurred losses | | | | 47,667 | | | 18,028 | | | 72,270 | | | 129,422 | |
Paid losses | | | | (15,144 | ) | | (29,104 | ) | | (56,218 | ) | | (76,335 | ) |
|
|
|
|
|
End of period reserves | | | $ | 522,727 | | $ | 587,456 | | $ | 522,727 | | $ | 587,456 | |
|
|
|
|
|
At September 30, 2005, the gross reserves for A&E losses were comprised of $132.8 million representing case reserves reported by ceding companies, $141.3 million representing additional case reserves established by the Company on assumed reinsurance claims, $312.7 million representing case reserves established by the Company on direct excess insurance claims, including Mt. McKinley, and $148.3 million representing IBNR reserves.
Industry analysts have developed a measurement, known as the survival ratio, to compare the A&E reserves among companies with such liabilities. The survival ratio is typically calculated by dividing a company’s current net reserves by the three year average of paid losses, and therefore measures the number of years that it would take to exhaust the current reserves based on historical payment patterns. Using this measurement, the Company’s net three year A&E survival ratio was 5.3 years at September 30, 2005. Adjusting for the effect of the reinsurance ceded under the reinsurance agreement with LM, this ratio rises to the equivalent of 6.9 years at September 30, 2005. The cession of $160.0 million to the stop loss reinsurance provided by LM in connection with the acquisition of Mt. McKinley results in unpaid proceeds that are not reflected in past net payments and effectively extend the funding available for future net payments. Because the survival ratio was developed as a comparative measure of reserve strength and not of absolute reserve adequacy, the Company considers, but does not rely on, the survival ratio when evaluating its reserves. In particular, the Company notes that loss payout variability, which can be material, due in part to the Company’s orientation to negotiated settlements, particularly on its Mt. McKinley exposures, significantly impairs the credibility and utility of this measure as an analytical tool.
51
The Company’s net three year survival ratio on its asbestos exposures was only 4.9 years for the period ended September 30, 2005. This three year survival ratio, when adjusted for the effect of the reinsurance ceded under the stop loss cover from LM, was 6.7 years and, when adjusted for settlements in place and structured settlements, which are either fully funded by reserves or subject to financial terms that substantially limit the potential variability in the liability, and the stop loss protection from LM, was 15.8 years.
Shareholders’ Equity. The Company’s shareholders’ equity decreased to $3,600.7 million as of September 30, 2005 from $3,712.5 million as of December 31, 2004, principally reflecting $56.5 million of net loss for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, a decrease of $41.8 million in net unrealized depreciation of investments, $18.5 million of shareholder dividends, $15.1 million currency translation and $2.2 million minimum pension liability, partially offset by $22.3 million in net proceeds from options exercised.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Capital. The Company’s business operations are in part dependent on the Company’s financial strength, and the market’s perception thereof, as measured by shareholders’ equity, which was $3,600.7 million and $3,712.5 million at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. The Company has flexibility with respect to capitalization as a result of its perceived financial strength, including its financial strength ratings as assigned by independent rating agencies, and its access to the debt and equity markets. The Company continuously monitors its capital and financial position, as well as investment and security market conditions, both in general and with respect to the Company’s securities, and responds accordingly.
From time to time the Company has used open market share repurchases to effectively adjust its capital position. It made no such purchases for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 or in 2004. In September 2004, the Company’s authorization to purchase its shares was amended to authorize the repurchase of up to 5 million shares. The Company notes that, outside of its open market repurchase program, it repurchased 10,430 shares in 2005 and 4,800 shares in 2004 from employees in connection with restricted share vestings where individual employees chose to discharge withholding tax liabilities on vesting shares by the surrender of a portion of such shares. At September 30, 2005, 5 million shares remained under the existing repurchase authorization.
On June 27, 2003, the Company filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), providing for the issuance of up to $975.0 million of securities. Generally, under this shelf registration statement, Group was authorized to issue common shares, preferred shares, debt securities, warrants and hybrid securities, Holdings was authorized to issue debt securities and Everest Re Capital Trust II (“Capital Trust II”) and Everest Re Capital Trust III (“Capital Trust III”) were authorized to issue trust preferred securities. This shelf registration statement became effective on December 22, 2003 and was effectively exhausted with the October 6, 2005 transaction described below. The following securities have been issued pursuant to that registration statement.
52
| o | | On March 29, 2004, Capital Trust II, an unconsolidated affiliate, issued trust preferred securities resulting in a takedown from the shelf registration statement of $320 million. In conjunction with the issuance of Capital Trust II’s trust preferred securities, Holdings issued $329.9 million of 6.20% junior subordinated debt securities due March 29, 2034 to Capital Trust II. Part of the proceeds from the junior subordinated debt securities issuance was used for capital contributions to Holdings’ operating subsidiaries. |
| o | | On October 6, 2004, Holdings completed a public offering of $250.0 million principal amount of 5.40% senior notes due October 15, 2014. The net proceeds were used to retire existing debt at Holdings, which was due and retired on March 15, 2005. |
| o | | On October 6, 2005, the Company expanded the size of the remaining shelf registration to $486 million by filing under Rule 462(b) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and General Instruction IV of Form S-3 promulgated there under. On the same date, the Company entered into an agreement to issue 5,200,000 of its common shares at a price of $91.50 per share, which resulted in $475.8 million in proceeds received on October 12, 2005, before expenses of approximately $0.3 million. This transaction effectively exhausted the December 22, 2003 shelf registration. |
Liquidity. The Company’s current investment strategy generally seeks to maximize after-tax income through a high quality, diversified, taxable bond and tax-preferenced fixed maturity portfolio, while maintaining an adequate level of liquidity. The Company’s mix of taxable and tax-preferenced investments is adjusted continuously, consistent with the Company’s current and projected operating results, market conditions and tax position. With changes the Company perceives in overall investment market conditions, and more specifically the acquisition of $507.2 million of equity securities into the overall investment portfolio in 2005 and $496.5 million of equity securities into the overall investment portfolio in 2004, the Company is reweighting its overall portfolio to modestly increase the emphasis on total return.
The Company’s liquidity requirements are generally met from positive cash flow from operations. Positive cash flow results from reinsurance and insurance premiums being collected prior to disbursements for claims, which disbursements generally take place over an extended period after the collection of premiums, sometimes a period of many years. Collected premiums are generally invested, prior to their use in such disbursements, and investment income provides additional funding for loss payments. The Company’s net cash flows from operating activities were $992.3 million and $1,290.6 millionfor the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Additionally, these cash flows reflected net tax payments of $109.9 million and $97.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively; catastrophe loss payments of $219.5 million and $40.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively; and asbestos loss payments of $50.4 million and $71.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
In periods for which disbursements for claims and benefits, policy acquisition costs and other operating expenses exceed premium inflows, cash flow from insurance operations would be negative. The effect on cash flow from operations would be partially offset by cash flow from investment income. Additionally, cash flow from investment maturities and dispositions, both short-term investments and longer term maturities, would further mitigate the impact on total cash flow.
53
As the exact timing of the payment of claims and benefits cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company maintains portfolios of long-term invested assets with varying maturities, along with short-term investments that are intended to provide adequate cash for payment of claims. At September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004 the Company held cash and short-term investments of $778.5 million and $770.8 million, respectively. In addition to these cash and short-term investments at September 30, 2005, the Company had $0.4 billion, at fair value, of available for sale fixed maturity securities maturing within one year or less, $2.4 billion maturing within one to five years and $7.2 billion maturing after five years. The Company believes that these securities, in conjunction with the short-term investments and positive cash flow from operations, provide adequate sources of liquidity for the expected payment of losses in the near future. The Company does not anticipate selling securities or using available credit facilities to pay losses and LAE but has the ability to do so. Sales might result in realized capital gains or losses and the Company notes that at September 30, 2005 it had $250.6 million of net unrealized appreciation, net of $131.7 million of taxes, comprised of $461.1 million of pre-tax appreciation and $78.8 million of pre-tax depreciation.
Management expects the trend of positive cash flow from operations, which in general reflects the strength of overall pricing, to persist over the near term; however, this continuing underlying trend will be negatively impacted from future catastrophe payments. In the intermediate and long term, the trend will be impacted by the extent to which competitive pressures change overall pricing available in the Company’s markets and the extent to which the Company successfully maintains its strategy of emphasizing profitability over volume.
Effective December 8, 2004, Group, Bermuda Re, and Everest International Reinsurance, Ltd. (“Everest International”) entered into a three year, $750 million senior credit facility with a syndicate of lenders (the “Group Credit Facility”). Wachovia Bank is the administrative agent for the Group Credit Facility. The Group Credit Facility consists of two tranches. Tranche one provides up to $250 million of revolving credit for liquidity and general corporate purposes, and for the issuance of standby letters of credit. The interest on the revolving loans shall, at the option of each of the borrowers, be either (1) the Base Rate (as defined below) or (2) an adjusted London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus a margin. The Base Rate is the higher of the rate of interest established by Wachovia Bank from time to time as its prime rate or the Federal Funds rate, in each case plus 0.5% per annum. The amount of margin and the fees payable for the Group Credit Facility depend on Group’s senior unsecured debt rating. Tranche two exclusively provides up to $500 million for the issuance of standby letters of credit on a collateralized basis.
The Group Credit Facility requires Group to maintain a debt to capital ratio of not greater than 0.35 to 1 and to maintain a minimum net worth amount. Minimum net worth is an amount equal to the sum of (i) $2,599 million (base amount) plus (ii) (A) 25% of consolidated net income for each of Group’s fiscal quarters and (B) 50% of any increase in consolidated net worth attributable to the issuance of ordinary and preferred shares. The base amount is reset at the end of each fiscal year to be the greater of 70% of Group’s consolidated net worth as of the last day of the fiscal year and the calculated minimum amount of net worth prior to the last day of the fiscal year. As of September 30, 2005, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, there were no borrowings under tranche one of the Group Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2005, the Company had $71.6 million of letters of credit outstanding under tranche two of the Group Credit Facility. In addition, the Company had $232.5 million in letters of credit outstanding at September 30, 2005 under a $300
54
million bilateral agreement with Citibank. All of these letters of credit are collateralized by the Company’s cash and investments. These letters of credit are generally used to collateralize reinsurance assumed by Bermuda Re from jurisdictions where collateralization is generally required for the ceding company to receive credit for such reinsurance recoverables from its principal regulator. Bermuda Re and Everest International also used trust arrangements to provide collateralization to ceding companies, including affiliates. The Company generally avoids providing collateral except where required for ceding companies to receive credit from their regulators. Additionally, at September 30, 2005, $170.9 million of assets were deposited in trust accounts, primarily on behalf of Bermuda Re, as security for assumed losses payable to certain non-affiliated ceding companies.
Effective October 10, 2003, Holdings entered into a new three year, $150.0 million senior revolving credit facility with a syndicate of lenders, replacing the December 21, 1999 three year senior revolving credit facility, which expired on December 19, 2003. Both the October 10, 2003 and December 21, 1999 senior revolving credit agreements, which have similar terms, are referred to as the “Holdings Credit Facility”. Wachovia Bank is the administrative agent for the Holdings Credit Facility. The Holdings Credit Facility is used for liquidity and general corporate purposes. The Holdings Credit Facility provides for the borrowing of up to $150.0 million with interest at a rate selected by Holdings equal to either, (1) the Base Rate (as defined below) or (2) an adjusted LIBOR plus a margin. The Base Rate is the higher of the rate of interest established by Wachovia Bank from time to time as its prime rate or the Federal Funds rate, in each case plus 0.5% per annum. The amount of margin and the fees payable for the Holdings Credit Facility depends upon Holdings’ senior unsecured debt rating.
The Holdings Credit Facility requires Holdings to maintain a debt to capital ratio of not greater than 0.35 to 1, Holdings to maintain a minimum interest coverage ratio of 2.5 to 1 and Everest Re to maintain its statutory surplus at $1.0 billion plus 25% of future aggregate net income and 25% of future aggregate capital contributions after December 31, 2002. As of September 30, 2005, the Company was in compliance with these covenants.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, there were no payments made and no incremental borrowings under the Holdings Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2005 and 2004, there were outstanding Holdings Credit Facility borrowings of $0.0 million and $70.0 million, respectively.
Interest expense and fees incurred in connection with the Group Credit Facility and the Holdings Credit Facility were $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Interest expense and fees incurred in connection with the Holdings Credit Facility were $1.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
Market Sensitive Instruments. The SEC’s Financial Reporting Release #48 requires registrants to clarify and expand upon the existing financial statement disclosure requirements for derivative financial instruments, derivative commodity instruments and other financial instruments (collectively, “market sensitive instruments”). The Company does not generally enter into market sensitive instruments for trading purposes.
The Company’s current investment strategy seeks to maximize after-tax income through a high quality, diversified, taxable and tax-preferenced fixed maturity portfolio, while maintaining an adequate level of liquidity. The Company’s mix of taxable and tax-preferenced investments is adjusted continuously, consistent with its current and projected operating results, market
55
conditions and the Company’s tax position. The fixed maturities in the investment portfolio are comprised of non-trading available for sale securities. Additionally, the Company invests in equity securities, which it believes will enhance the risk-adjusted total return of the investment portfolio. The Company has also engaged in a small number of credit default swaps and specialized equity options.
The overall investment strategy considers the scope of present and anticipated Company operations. In particular, estimates of the financial impact resulting from non-investment asset and liability transactions, together with the Company’s capital structure and other factors, are used to develop a net liability analysis. This analysis includes estimated payout characteristics for which the investments of the Company provide liquidity. This analysis is considered in the development of specific investment strategies for asset allocation, duration and credit quality.
The Company’s $12.2 billion investment portfolio at September 30, 2005 is principally comprised of fixed maturity securities, which are subject to interest rate risk and foreign currency rate risk, and equity securities, which are subject to equity price risk. The impact of the foreign exchange risks on the investment portfolio is generally mitigated by changes in the value of operating assets and liabilities and their associated income statement impact.
Interest rate risk is the potential change in value of the fixed maturity portfolio, including short-term investments, due to change in market interest rates. In a declining interest rate environment, it includes prepayment risk on the $1,610.6 million of mortgage-backed securities in the $10,000.4 million fixed maturity portfolio. Prepayment risk results from potential accelerated principal payments that shorten the average life and thus the expected yield of the security.
The table below displays the potential impact of market value fluctuations and after-tax unrealized appreciation on the Company’s fixed maturity portfolio as of September 30, 2005 based on parallel 200 basis point shifts in interest rates up and down in 100 basis point increments. For legal entities with a U.S. dollar functional currency, this modeling was performed on each security individually. To generate appropriate price estimates on mortgage-backed securities, changes in prepayment expectations under different interest rate environments were taken into account. For legal entities with a non-U.S. dollar functional currency, the effective duration of the involved portfolio of securities was used as a proxy for the market value change under the various interest rate change scenarios. All amounts are in U.S. dollars and are presented in millions.
As of September 30, 2005 Interest Rate Shift in Basis Points |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| -200 | | -100 | | 0 | | 100 | | 200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Market Value | | | $ | 11,605.6 | | $ | 11,126.9 | | $ | 10,643.3 | | $ | 10,113.0 | | $ | 9,572.7 | |
Market Value Change from Base (%) | | | | 9.0 | % | | 4.5 | % | | 0.0 | % | | -5.0 | % | | -10.1 | % |
Change in Unrealized Appreciation | | |
After-tax from Base ($) | | | $ | 719.2 | | $ | 360.2 | | $ | - | | $ | (391.8 | ) | $ | (790.7 | ) |
The Company had $8,898.8 million and $7,836.3 million of reserves for losses and LAE as of September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004, respectively. These amounts are recorded at their nominal or estimated ultimate payment amount, as opposed to fair value, which would reflect a discount adjustment to reflect the time value of money. Since losses are paid out over a period of time, the fair value of the reserves is less than the nominal value. As interest rates rise, the fair
56
value of the reserves decreases and, conversely, if interest rates decline, the fair value will increase. These movements are the opposite of the interest rate impacts on the fair value of investments since reserves are future obligations. While the difference between fair value and nominal value is not reflected in the Company’s financial statements, the Company’s financial results will include investment income over time from the investment portfolio until the claims are paid. The Company’s loss and loss reserve obligations have an expected duration of approximately 4.5 years, which is reasonably consistent with the Company’s fixed income portfolio. If the company were to discount its loss and LAE reserves, net of reinsurance receivable on unpaid losses, the discount would be approximately $1.7 billion, resulting in a discounted reserve balance of approximately $6.1 billion, representing approximately 58% of the fixed maturity market value. The existence of such obligations, and the variable differential between ultimate and fair value, which in theory applies equally to invested assets and insurance liabilities, provides substantial mitigation of the economic effects of interest rate variability even though such mitigation is not reflected in the Company’s financial statements.
Equity risk is the potential change in market value of the common stock and preferred stock portfolios arising from changing equity prices. The Company’s equity investments are mainly exchange traded and mutual funds, which invest principally in high quality common and preferred stocks that are traded on the major exchanges in the U.S. The primary objective in managing the equity portfolio is to provide long-term capital growth through market appreciation and income.
The table below displays the impact on market value and after-tax unrealized appreciation of a 20% change in equity prices up and down in 10% increments for the period indicated. The growth in exposure is primarily due to the growth in the equity portfolio. All amounts are in U.S. dollars and are presented in millions.
As of September 30, 2005 Change in Equity Values in Percent |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| -20% | | -10% | | 0% | | 10% | | 20% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Market Value of the Equity Portfolio | | | $ | 926.5 | | $ | 1,042.3 | | $ | 1,158.1 | | $ | 1,273.9 | | $ | 1,389.7 | |
After-tax Change in Unrealized Appreciation | | | $ | (154.9 | ) | $ | (77.4 | ) | $ | - | | $ | 77.4 | | $ | 154.9 | |
Foreign currency rate risk is the potential change in value, income and cash flow arising from adverse changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Each of the Company’s non-U.S./Bermuda (“foreign”) operations maintains capital in the currency of the country of its geographic location consistent with local regulatory guidelines. Generally, the Company prefers to maintain the capital of its operations in U.S. dollar assets, although this varies by regulatory jurisdiction in accordance with market needs. Each foreign operation may conduct business in its local currency, as well as the currency of other countries in which it operates. The primary foreign currency exposures for these foreign operations are the Canadian Dollar, the British Pound Sterling and the Euro. The Company mitigates foreign exchange exposure by a general matching of the currency and duration of its assets to its corresponding operating liabilities. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 52, the Company translates the assets, liabilities and income of non-U.S. dollar functional currency legal entities to the U.S. dollar. This translation amount is reported as a component of other comprehensive income. As of
57
September 30, 2005, there has been no material change in exposure to foreign exchange rates as compared to December 31, 2004.
Although not considered material in the context of the Company’s aggregate exposure to market sensitive instruments, the Company has issued six specialized equity put options based on the S&P 500 index and one specialized equity put option based on the FTSE 100 index, that are market sensitive and sufficiently unique to warrant supplemental disclosure.
The Company has sold six specialized equity put options based on the S&P 500 index for total consideration, net of commissions, of $22.6 million. These contracts each have a single exercise date, with maturities ranging from 12 to 30 years and strike prices ranging from $1,141.21 to $1,540.63. No amounts will be payable under these contracts if the S&P 500 index is at or above the strike price on the exercise dates, which currently fall between June 2017 and March 2031. If the S&P 500 index is lower than the strike price on the applicable exercise date, the amount due will vary proportionately with the percentage by which the index is below the strike price. Based on historical index volatilities and trends and the September 30, 2005 index value, the Company estimates the probability for each contract of the S&P 500 index being below the strike price on the exercise date to be less than 4.1%. The theoretical maximum payouts under the contracts would occur if on each of the exercise dates the S&P 500 index value were zero. The present value of these theoretical maximum payouts using a 6% discount factor is $198.2 million.
The company has sold one specialized equity put option based on the FTSE 100 index for total consideration, net of commissions, of $6.7 million. This contract has an exercise date of July 2020 and a strike price of £5,989.75. No amount will be payable under this contract if the FTSE 100 index is at or above the strike price on the exercise date. If the FTSE 100 index is lower than the strike price on the applicable exercise date, the amount due will vary proportionately with the percentage by which the index is below the strike price. Based on historical index volatilities and trends and the September 30, 2005 index value, the Company estimates the probability for this FTSE 100 index contract being below the strike price on the exercise date to be less than 7.6%. The theoretical maximum payout under the contract would occur if on the exercise date the FTSE 100 index value was zero. The present value of the theoretical maximum payout using a 6.0% discount factor is $25.1 million.
As these specialized equity put options are derivatives within the framework of FAS 133, the Company reports the fair value of these instruments in its balance sheet and records any changes to fair value in its statement of operations. The Company has recorded fair values for its obligations on these specialized equity put options at September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004 of $37.1 million and $21.5 million, respectively; however, the Company does not believe that the ultimate settlement of these transactions is likely to require a payment that would exceed the initial consideration received or any payment at all.
As there is no active market for these instruments, the determination of their fair value is based on an industry accepted option pricing model, which requires estimates and assumptions, including those regarding volatility and expected rates of return.
58
The table below estimates the impact of potential movements in interest rates and the Equity Indices, which are the principal factors affecting fair value of these instruments, looking forward from the fair value at September 30, 2005. These are estimates and there can be no assurance regarding future market performance. The asymmetrical results of the interest rate and Equity Indices shifts reflect that the liability cannot fall below zero whereas it can increase to its theoretical maximum.
As of September 30, 2005 S&P 500 Index Put Options Obligation - Sensitivity Analysis (Dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest Rate Shift in Basis Points: | -100 | | -50 | | 0 | | 50 | | 100 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Market Value | | | $ | 53.8 | | $ | 44.7 | | $ | 37.1 | | $ | 30.7 | | $ | 25.2 | |
Market Value Change from Base (%) | | | | -45.1 | % | | -20.6 | % | | 0.0 | % | | 17.0 | % | | 31.9 | % |
S&P Index Shift in Points: | -200 | | -100 | | 0 | | 100 | | 200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Market Value | | | $ | 46.3 | | $ | 41.3 | | $ | 37.1 | | $ | 33.4 | | $ | 30.3 | |
Market Value Change from Base (%) | | | | -25.0 | % | | -11.5 | % | | 0.0 | % | | 9.8 | % | | 18.3 | % |
Combined Interest Rate / S&P Index Shift: | -100 / -200 | | -50 / -100 | | 0 / 0 | | 50 / 100 | | 100 / 200 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Market Value | | | $ | 65.9 | | $ | 49.6 | | $ | 37.1 | | $ | 27.5 | | $ | 20.3 | |
Market Value Change from Base (%) | | | | -77.9 | % | | -33.9 | % | | 0.0 | % | | 25.8 | % | | 45.2 | % |
Safe Harbor Disclosure.This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the U.S. federal securities laws. The Company intends these forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements in the federal securities laws. In some cases, these statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking words such as “may”, “will”, “should”, “could”, “anticipate”, “estimate”, “expect”, “plan”, “believe”, “predict”, “potential” and “intend”. Forward-looking statements contained in this report include information regarding the Company’s reserves for losses and LAE, the adequacy of the Company’s provision for uncollectible balances, estimates of the Company’s catastrophe exposure, the effects of catastrophic events, including the most recent hurricanes, on the Company’s financial statements, the ability of Everest Re, Holdings and Bermuda Re to pay dividends and the settlement costs of the Company’s specialized equity put options. Forward-looking statements only reflect the Company’s expectations and are not guarantees of performance. These statements involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Actual events or results may differ materially from the Company’s expectations. Important factors that could cause the Company’s actual events or results to be materially different from the Company’s expectations include the uncertainties that surround the estimating of reserves for losses and LAE, those discussed in Note 5 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) included in this report and the risks described under the caption “Risk Factors” in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, Part II, Item 7. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise publicly any forward looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
59
Part I — Item 3
EVEREST RE GROUP, LTD.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES
ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market Risk Instruments. See "Liquidity and Capital Resources - Market Sensitive Instruments" in Part I - Item 2.60
Part I – Item 4
EVEREST RE GROUP, LTD.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s management carried out an evaluation, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on their evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. The Company’s management, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, also conducted an evaluation of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the quarter covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, there has been no such change during the quarter covered by this report.
61
EVEREST RE GROUP, LTD.
OTHER INFORMATION
Part II – Item 1. Legal Proceedings
In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in lawsuits, arbitrations and other formal and informal dispute resolution procedures, the outcomes of which will determine the Company’s rights and obligations under insurance, reinsurance and other contractual agreements. In some disputes, the Company seeks to enforce its rights under an agreement or to collect funds owing to it. In other matters, the Company is resisting attempts by others to collect funds or enforce alleged rights. These disputes arise from time to time and as they arise are addressed, and ultimately resolved, through both informal and formal means, including negotiated resolution, arbitration and litigation. In all such matters, the Company believes that its positions are legally and commercially reasonable. While the final outcome of these matters cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not believe that any of these matters, when finally resolved, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial position or liquidity. However, an adverse resolution of one or more of these items in any one quarter or fiscal year could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations in that period.
In May 2005, Holdings received and responded to a subpoena from the SEC seeking information regarding certain loss mitigation insurance products. The Company has stated that Holdings will fully cooperate with this and any future inquiries and that Holdings does not believe that it has engaged in any improper business practices with respect to loss mitigation insurance products.
The Company’s insurance subsidiaries have also received and have responded to broadly distributed information requests by state regulators including among others, from Delaware and Georgia.
62
Part II – Item 2. Changes In Securities, Use of Proceeds and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
| | |
---|
|
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | |
|
| | (a) | | (b) | | (c) | | (d) | |
|
Period | | Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased | | Average Price Paid per Share (or Unit) | | Total Number of Shares (or Units) Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | | Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2) | |
|
July 1 – 31 | | 0 | | N/A | | 0 | | 5,000,000 | |
|
August 1 – 31 | | 0 | | N/A | | 0 | | 5,000,000 | |
|
September 1 – 30 (1) | | 10,430 | | $ 97.35 | | 0 | | 5,000,000 | |
|
Total | | 10,430 | | $ 97.35 | | 0 | | 5,000,000 | |
|
1)The 10,430 shares were withheld as payment for taxes on restricted shares that became unrestricted in the quarter. (2) On September 21, 2004, the Company’s board of directors approved an amended share repurchase program authorizing the Company and/or its subsidiary Holdings to purchase up to an aggregate of 5,000,000 of the Company’s common shares through open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions or both. | |
Part II – Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Part II – Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders
None.
Part II – Item 5. Other Information
None.
63
Part II – Item 6. Exhibits
| 11.1 | Statement regarding computation of per share earnings |
| 31.1 | Section 302 Certification of Joseph V. Taranto |
| 31.2 | Section 302 Certification of Stephen L. Limauro |
| 32.1 | Section 906 Certification of Joseph V. Taranto and Stephen L. Limauro |
64
Everest Re Group, Ltd.
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| |
---|
| |
| Everest Re Group, Ltd. |
| (Registrant) |
| |
| |
| /s/ STEPHEN L. LIMAURO |
| |
| Stephen L. Limauro |
| Executive Vice President and |
| Chief Financial Officer |
| |
| (Duly Authorized Officer and Principal |
| Financial Officer) |
Dated: November 9, 2005