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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
x | Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008
or
¨ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number: 000-50831
Regions Financial Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 63-0589368 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (IRS Employer Identification Number) | |
1900 Fifth Avenue North Birmingham, Alabama | 35203 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip code) |
(205) 944-1300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
NOT APPLICABLE
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes ¨ No
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer x Accelerated filer ¨ Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Smaller reporting company ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ¨ Yes x No
The number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock was 691,956,000 shares of common stock, par value $.01, outstanding as of September 30, 2008.
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REGIONS FINANCIAL CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q
Page | ||||||
Item 1. | ||||||
Consolidated Balance Sheets—September 30, 2008, December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2007 | 5 | |||||
Consolidated Statements of Income—Three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 | 6 | |||||
7 | ||||||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows—Nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 | 8 | |||||
9 | ||||||
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 29 | ||||
Item 3. | 58 | |||||
Item 4. | 58 | |||||
Item 1. | 59 | |||||
Item 1A. | 59 | |||||
Item 2. | 60 | |||||
Item 6. | 61 | |||||
62 |
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Forward-Looking Statements
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, other periodic reports filed by Regions Financial Corporation (“Regions”) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and any other written or oral statements made by or on behalf of Regions may include forward-looking statements. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (“the Act”) provides a “safe harbor” for forward-looking statements which are identified as such and are accompanied by the identification of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements. For these statements, we, together with our subsidiaries, unless the context implies otherwise, claim the protection afforded by the safe harbor in the Act. Forward-looking statements are not based on historical information, but rather are related to future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. Forward-looking statements are based on management’s expectations as well as certain assumptions and estimates made by, and information available to, management at the time the statements are made. Those statements are based on general assumptions and are subject to various risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from the views, beliefs and projections expressed in such statements. These risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to, those described below:
• | Congress recently enacted the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, and the U.S. Treasury and banking regulators are implementing a number of programs to address capital and liquidity issues in the banking system, all of which may have significant effects on Regions and the financial services industry, the exact nature and extent of which cannot be determined at this time. |
• | Possible other changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies, laws and regulations, and other activities of governments, agencies, and similar organizations, including changes in accounting standards, may have an adverse effect on business. |
• | The current stresses in the financial and residential real estate markets, including possible continued deterioration in residential property values. |
• | Regions’ ability to manage fluctuations in the value of assets and liabilities and off-balance sheet exposure so as to maintain sufficient capital and liquidity to support Regions’ business. |
• | Regions’ ability to achieve the earnings expectations related to businesses that have been acquired or that may be acquired in the future. |
• | Regions’ ability to expand into new markets and to maintain profit margins in the face of competitive pressures. |
• | Regions’ ability to develop competitive new products and services in a timely manner and the acceptance of such products and services by Regions’ customers and potential customers. |
• | Regions’ ability to keep pace with technological changes. |
• | Regions’ ability to effectively manage interest rate risk, market risk, credit risk, operational risk, legal risk, liquidity risk, and regulatory and compliance risk. |
• | The cost and other effects of material contingencies, including litigation contingencies. |
• | The effects of increased competition from both banks and non-banks. |
• | Possible changes in interest rates may increase funding costs and reduce earning asset yields, thus reducing margins. |
• | Possible changes in general economic and business conditions in the United States in general and in the communities Regions serves in particular. |
• | Possible changes in the creditworthiness of customers and the possible impairment of collectibility of loans. |
• | The effects of geopolitical instability and risks such as terrorist attacks. |
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• | Possible changes in consumer and business spending and saving habits could affect Regions’ ability to increase assets and to attract deposits. |
• | The effects of weather and natural disasters such as droughts and hurricanes. |
The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “project,” and similar expressions often signify forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. We assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements that are made from time to time.
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FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)
REGIONS FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data) | September 30 2008 | December 31 2007 | September 30 2007 | |||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | $ | 2,985,950 | $ | 3,720,365 | $ | 2,902,340 | ||||||
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks | 29,638 | 31,706 | 29,895 | |||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell | 698,142 | 1,177,170 | 706,378 | |||||||||
Trading account assets | 1,111,818 | 907,300 | 1,355,007 | |||||||||
Securities available for sale | 17,632,912 | 17,318,074 | 16,957,077 | |||||||||
Securities held to maturity | 50,494 | 50,935 | 49,559 | |||||||||
Loans held for sale (includes $495,206 measured at fair value at September 30, 2008) | 1,053,977 | 720,924 | 792,142 | |||||||||
Margin receivables | 587,178 | 504,614 | 525,953 | |||||||||
Loans, net of unearned income | 98,711,810 | 95,378,847 | 94,373,632 | |||||||||
Allowance for loan losses | (1,472,141 | ) | (1,321,244 | ) | (1,070,716 | ) | ||||||
Net loans | 97,239,669 | 94,057,603 | 93,302,916 | |||||||||
Premises and equipment, net | 2,730,301 | 2,610,851 | 2,473,339 | |||||||||
Interest receivable | 512,196 | 615,711 | 664,974 | |||||||||
Goodwill | 11,529,091 | 11,491,673 | 11,453,078 | |||||||||
Mortgage servicing rights | 263,138 | 321,308 | 377,201 | |||||||||
Other identifiable intangible assets | 660,998 | 759,832 | 804,328 | |||||||||
Other assets | 7,206,993 | 6,753,651 | 5,841,002 | |||||||||
Total assets | $ | 144,292,495 | $ | 141,041,717 | $ | 138,235,189 | ||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||
Deposits: | ||||||||||||
Non-interest-bearing | $ | 18,044,840 | $ | 18,417,266 | $ | 18,834,856 | ||||||
Interest-bearing | 71,175,708 | 76,357,702 | 74,605,074 | |||||||||
Total deposits | 89,220,548 | 94,774,968 | 93,439,930 | |||||||||
Borrowed funds: | ||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings: | ||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 10,427,005 | 8,820,235 | 8,063,739 | |||||||||
Other short-term borrowings | 7,114,553 | 2,299,887 | 1,727,346 | |||||||||
Total short-term borrowings | 17,541,558 | 11,120,122 | 9,791,085 | |||||||||
Long-term borrowings | 14,168,524 | 11,324,790 | 10,817,491 | |||||||||
Total borrowed funds | 31,710,082 | 22,444,912 | 20,608,576 | |||||||||
Other liabilities | 3,656,586 | 3,998,808 | 4,340,334 | |||||||||
Total liabilities | 124,587,216 | 121,218,688 | 118,388,840 | |||||||||
Stockholders’ equity: | ||||||||||||
Common stock, par value $.01 per share: | ||||||||||||
Authorized 1,500,000,000 shares | ||||||||||||
Issued including treasury stock—735,769,666; 734,689,800 and 734,615,634 shares, respectively | 7,358 | 7,347 | 7,346 | |||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | 16,606,677 | 16,544,651 | 16,527,540 | |||||||||
Retained earnings | 4,445,375 | 4,439,505 | 4,632,033 | |||||||||
Treasury stock, at cost—43,813,524; 41,054,113 and 37,283,713 shares, respectively | (1,423,620 | ) | (1,370,761 | ) | (1,270,922 | ) | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net | 69,489 | 202,287 | (49,648 | ) | ||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | 19,705,279 | 19,823,029 | 19,846,349 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 144,292,495 | $ | 141,041,717 | $ | 138,235,189 | ||||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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REGIONS FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share data) | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Interest income on: | ||||||||||||||||
Loans, including fees | $ | 1,318,463 | $ | 1,742,172 | $ | 4,222,051 | $ | 5,249,854 | ||||||||
Securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Taxable | 207,903 | 210,932 | 616,154 | 653,374 | ||||||||||||
Tax-exempt | 10,974 | 10,020 | 30,647 | 31,899 | ||||||||||||
Total securities | 218,877 | 220,952 | 646,801 | 685,273 | ||||||||||||
Loans held for sale | 8,514 | 12,302 | 27,110 | 82,007 | ||||||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell | 7,746 | 18,154 | 31,481 | 51,689 | ||||||||||||
Trading account assets | 9,868 | 10,271 | 36,383 | 41,676 | ||||||||||||
Margin receivables | 4,776 | 8,754 | 17,100 | 27,653 | ||||||||||||
Time deposits in other banks | 151 | 515 | 935 | 2,343 | ||||||||||||
Total interest income | 1,568,395 | 2,013,120 | 4,981,861 | 6,140,495 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense on: | ||||||||||||||||
Deposits | 391,271 | 673,585 | 1,316,612 | 2,038,283 | ||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | 101,635 | 115,092 | 299,937 | 352,390 | ||||||||||||
Long-term borrowings | 153,894 | 144,662 | 446,529 | 395,668 | ||||||||||||
Total interest expense | 646,800 | 933,339 | 2,063,078 | 2,786,341 | ||||||||||||
Net interest income | 921,595 | 1,079,781 | 2,918,783 | 3,354,154 | ||||||||||||
Provision for loan losses | 417,000 | 90,000 | 907,000 | 197,000 | ||||||||||||
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | 504,595 | 989,781 | 2,011,783 | 3,157,154 | ||||||||||||
Non-interest income: | ||||||||||||||||
Service charges on deposit accounts | 294,038 | 288,296 | 859,833 | 870,031 | ||||||||||||
Brokerage, investment banking and capital markets | 240,839 | 227,613 | 785,072 | 640,799 | ||||||||||||
Trust department income | 66,473 | 62,449 | 181,948 | 190,521 | ||||||||||||
Mortgage income | 33,030 | 29,806 | 103,576 | 107,657 | ||||||||||||
Securities gains (losses), net | 43 | 23,994 | 91,658 | (8,508 | ) | |||||||||||
Other | 84,841 | 96,986 | 348,700 | 322,357 | ||||||||||||
Total non-interest income | 719,264 | 729,144 | 2,370,787 | 2,122,857 | ||||||||||||
Non-interest expense: | ||||||||||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | 551,871 | 581,425 | 1,794,202 | 1,793,010 | ||||||||||||
Net occupancy expense | 110,595 | 120,753 | 328,717 | 307,459 | ||||||||||||
Furniture and equipment expense | 85,375 | 74,127 | 249,733 | 220,984 | ||||||||||||
Impairment (recapture) of mortgage servicing rights | 11,000 | 20,000 | (14,000 | ) | (17,000 | ) | ||||||||||
Other | 368,790 | 349,089 | 1,159,612 | 1,007,642 | ||||||||||||
Total non-interest expense | 1,127,631 | 1,145,394 | 3,518,264 | 3,312,095 | ||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations before income taxes | 96,228 | 573,531 | 864,306 | 1,967,916 | ||||||||||||
Income taxes | 5,870 | 179,291 | 230,592 | 645,868 | ||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations | 90,358 | 394,240 | 633,714 | 1,322,048 | ||||||||||||
Discontinued operations (Note 11): | ||||||||||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations before income taxes | (17,501 | ) | (122 | ) | (17,974 | ) | (216,622 | ) | ||||||||
Income tax benefit | (6,604 | ) | (46 | ) | (6,782 | ) | (75,028 | ) | ||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | (10,897 | ) | (76 | ) | (11,192 | ) | (141,594 | ) | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 79,461 | $ | 394,164 | $ | 622,522 | $ | 1,180,454 | ||||||||
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | 695,950 | 700,589 | 695,676 | 712,181 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 696,205 | 704,485 | 696,034 | 718,084 | ||||||||||||
Earnings per share from continuing operations(1): | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.13 | $ | 0.56 | $ | 0.91 | $ | 1.86 | ||||||||
Diluted | 0.13 | 0.56 | 0.91 | 1.84 | ||||||||||||
Earnings per share from discontinued operations(1): | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | (0.02 | ) | — | (0.02 | ) | (0.20 | ) | |||||||||
Diluted | (0.02 | ) | — | (0.02 | ) | (0.20 | ) | |||||||||
Earnings per share(1): | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | 0.11 | 0.56 | 0.89 | 1.66 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 0.11 | 0.56 | 0.89 | 1.64 | ||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared per share | 0.10 | 0.36 | 0.86 | 1.08 |
(1) | Certain per share amounts may not appear to reconcile due to rounding. |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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REGIONS FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common Stock | Additional Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock, At Cost | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except share and per share data) | Shares | Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2007 | 730,076 | $ | 7,303 | $ | 16,339,726 | $ | 4,493,245 | $ | (7,548 | ) | $ | (131,272 | ) | $ | 20,701,454 | |||||||||||
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles due to adoption of FIN 48 and FSP 13-2 | — | — | — | (269,403 | ) | — | — | (269,403 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | 1,180,454 | — | — | 1,180,454 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, net of tax and reclassification adjustment* | — | — | — | — | — | 41,375 | 41,375 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments, net of tax and reclassification adjustment* | — | — | — | — | — | 36,980 | 36,980 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net change from defined benefit pension plans, net of tax* | — | — | — | — | — | 3,269 | 3,269 | |||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 1,262,078 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared—$1.08 per share | — | — | — | (772,263 | ) | — | — | (772,263 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Purchase of treasury stock | (37,084 | ) | — | — | — | (1,263,374 | ) | — | (1,263,374 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock transactions: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock transactions with employees under compensation plans, net | 795 | 8 | (12,298 | ) | — | — | — | (12,290 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Stock options exercised, net | 3,545 | 35 | 146,382 | — | — | — | 146,417 | |||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of unearned restricted stock | — | — | 53,730 | — | — | — | 53,730 | |||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2007 | 697,332 | $ | 7,346 | $ | 16,527,540 | $ | 4,632,033 | $ | (1,270,922 | ) | $ | (49,648 | ) | $ | 19,846,349 | |||||||||||
BALANCE AT JANUARY 1, 2008 | 693,636 | $ | 7,347 | $ | 16,544,651 | $ | 4,439,505 | $ | (1,370,761 | ) | $ | 202,287 | $ | 19,823,029 | ||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles due to adoption of EITF 06-4, EITF 06-10 and FAS 158 (see Note 12) | — | — | — | (17,246 | ) | — | — | (17,246 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income | — | — | — | 622,522 | — | — | 622,522 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, net of tax and reclassification adjustment* | — | — | — | — | — | (115,972 | ) | (115,972 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments, net of tax and reclassification adjustment* | — | — | — | — | — | (18,003 | ) | (18,003 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Net change from defined benefit pension plans, net of tax* | — | — | — | — | — | 1,177 | 1,177 | |||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income | 489,724 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash dividends declared—$0.86 per share | — | — | — | (599,406 | ) | — | — | (599,406 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Common stock transactions: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stock transactions with employees under compensation plans, net | (1,806 | ) | 10 | (2,159 | ) | — | (52,859 | ) | — | (55,008 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Stock options exercised, net | 126 | 1 | 24,580 | — | — | — | 24,581 | |||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of unearned restricted stock | — | — | 39,605 | — | — | — | 39,605 | |||||||||||||||||||
BALANCE AT SEPTEMBER 30, 2008 | 691,956 | $ | 7,358 | $ | 16,606,677 | $ | 4,445,375 | $ | (1,423,620 | ) | $ | 69,489 | $ | 19,705,279 | ||||||||||||
* | See disclosure of reclassification adjustment amount and tax effect, as applicable, in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements. |
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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REGIONS FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Operating activities: | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 622,522 | $ | 1,180,454 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||
Provision for loan losses | 907,000 | 197,000 | ||||||
Depreciation and amortization of premises and equipment | 213,417 | 193,705 | ||||||
Recapture of impairment of mortgage servicing rights | (14,000 | ) | (17,000 | ) | ||||
Provision for losses on other real estate, net | 62,341 | 2,549 | ||||||
Net accretion of securities | (11,778 | ) | (19,792 | ) | ||||
Net amortization of loans and other assets | 103,920 | 187,619 | ||||||
Net accretion of deposits and borrowings | (11,666 | ) | (44,136 | ) | ||||
Net securities (gains) losses | (91,658 | ) | 8,508 | |||||
Net loss (gain) on sale of premises and equipment | 1,505 | (1,284 | ) | |||||
Loss on early extinguishment of debt | 65,405 | — | ||||||
Deferred income tax benefit | (121,497 | ) | (187,207 | ) | ||||
Excess tax benefits from share-based payments | (37 | ) | (4,043 | ) | ||||
Originations and purchases of loans held for sale | (4,434,875 | ) | (6,368,110 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale | 4,703,790 | 9,506,771 | ||||||
(Gain) loss on sale of loans, net | (41,737 | ) | 119,626 | |||||
Loss from sale of mortgage servicing rights | 14,857 | — | ||||||
(Increase) decrease in trading account assets | (157,157 | ) | 87,987 | |||||
(Increase) decrease in margin receivables | (82,564 | ) | 44,109 | |||||
Decrease (increase) in interest receivable | 103,515 | (4,363 | ) | |||||
Increase in other assets | (552,758 | ) | (1,618,556 | ) | ||||
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities | (357,341 | ) | 858,656 | |||||
Other | 906 | 41,438 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities | 922,110 | 4,163,931 | ||||||
Investing activities: | ||||||||
Proceeds from sale of securities available for sale | 2,022,102 | 1,372,270 | ||||||
Proceeds from maturity of: | ||||||||
Securities available for sale | 2,331,269 | 1,850,327 | ||||||
Securities held to maturity | 5,809 | 5,695 | ||||||
Purchases of: | ||||||||
Securities available for sale | (4,691,552 | ) | (1,471,717 | ) | ||||
Securities held to maturity | (5,367 | ) | (6,044 | ) | ||||
Proceeds from sales of loans | 510,566 | 958,722 | ||||||
Proceeds from sales of mortgage servicing rights | 43,763 | — | ||||||
Net increase in loans | (5,085,753 | ) | (349,387 | ) | ||||
Net purchase of premises and equipment | (334,372 | ) | (278,079 | ) | ||||
Net cash received from disposition of business | — | 5,700 | ||||||
Net cash received from deposits assumed | 893,934 | — | ||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | (4,309,601 | ) | 2,087,487 | |||||
Financing activities: | ||||||||
Net decrease in deposits | (6,442,099 | ) | (7,760,054 | ) | ||||
Net increase in short-term borrowings | 6,421,436 | 124,014 | ||||||
Proceeds from long-term borrowings | 5,805,473 | 5,168,241 | ||||||
Payments on long-term borrowings | (3,038,042 | ) | (2,977,247 | ) | ||||
Cash dividends | (599,406 | ) | (772,263 | ) | ||||
Purchase of treasury stock | — | (1,263,374 | ) | |||||
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 24,581 | 146,417 | ||||||
Excess tax benefits from share-based payments | 37 | 4,043 | ||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 2,171,980 | (7,330,223 | ) | |||||
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents | (1,215,511 | ) | (1,078,805 | ) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 4,929,241 | 4,717,418 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 3,713,730 | $ | 3,638,613 | ||||
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
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REGIONS FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 and 2007
NOTE 1—Basis of Presentation
Regions Financial Corporation (“Regions” or the “Company”) provides a full range of banking and bank-related services to individual and corporate customers through its subsidiaries and branch offices located primarily in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia. The Company is subject to competition from other financial institutions, is subject to the regulations of certain government agencies and undergoes periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities.
The accounting and reporting policies of Regions and the methods of applying those policies that materially affect the consolidated financial statements conform with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and with general financial services industry practices. The accompanying interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all information and notes to the consolidated financial statements necessary for a complete presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with GAAP. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of only normal and recurring items, necessary for the fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements have been included. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto in Regions’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Certain amounts in prior period financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications are immaterial and have no effect on net income, total assets or stockholders’ equity.
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NOTE 2—Earnings per Share
The following table sets forth the computation of basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share:
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||
(In thousands, except per share amounts) | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Numerator: | ||||||||||||||||
For earnings per share—basic and diluted | ||||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations | $ | 90,358 | $ | 394,240 | $ | 633,714 | $ | 1,322,048 | ||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | (10,897 | ) | (76 | ) | (11,192 | ) | (141,594 | ) | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 79,461 | $ | 394,164 | $ | 622,522 | $ | 1,180,454 | ||||||||
Denominator: | ||||||||||||||||
For earnings per share—basic Weighted-average shares outstanding | 695,950 | 700,589 | 695,676 | 712,181 | ||||||||||||
Effect of dilutive securities: | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock equivalents | 255 | 3,896 | 358 | 5,903 | ||||||||||||
For earnings per share—diluted | 696,205 | 704,485 | 696,034 | 718,084 | ||||||||||||
Earnings per share from continuing operations(1): | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | $ | 0.13 | $ | 0.56 | $ | 0.91 | $ | 1.86 | ||||||||
Diluted | 0.13 | 0.56 | 0.91 | 1.84 | ||||||||||||
Earnings per share from discontinued operations(1): | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | (0.02 | ) | — | (0.02 | ) | (0.20 | ) | |||||||||
Diluted | (0.02 | ) | — | (0.02 | ) | (0.20 | ) | |||||||||
Earnings per share(1): | ||||||||||||||||
Basic | 0.11 | 0.56 | 0.89 | 1.66 | ||||||||||||
Diluted | 0.11 | 0.56 | 0.89 | 1.64 |
(1) | Certain per share amounts may not appear to reconcile due to rounding. |
The effect from the assumed exercise of 53,308,000 and 21,852,000 stock options for the three months ended and 52,712,000 and 10,962,000 stock options for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively, was not included in the above computations of diluted earnings per share because such amounts would have had an antidilutive effect on earnings per share.
NOTE 3—Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income is the total of net income and all other non-owner changes in equity. Items that are to be recognized under accounting standards as components of comprehensive income are displayed in the consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity.
In the calculation of comprehensive income, certain reclassification adjustments are made to avoid double-counting items that are displayed as part of net income for a period that also had been displayed as part of other comprehensive income in that period or earlier periods.
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The disclosure of the reclassification amount is as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30, 2008 | |||||||||||
(In thousands) | Before Tax | Tax Effect | Net of Tax | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 78,727 | $ | 734 | $ | 79,461 | |||||
Net unrealized holding gains and losses on securities available for sale arising during the period | 20,620 | (6,856 | ) | 13,764 | |||||||
Less: reclassification adjustments for net securities gains realized in net income | 43 | (15 | ) | 28 | |||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale | 20,577 | (6,841 | ) | 13,736 | |||||||
Net unrealized holding gains and losses on derivatives arising during the period | 53,038 | (20,170 | ) | 32,868 | |||||||
Less: reclassification adjustments for net gains realized in net income | 39,281 | (14,942 | ) | 24,339 | |||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments | 13,757 | (5,228 | ) | 8,529 | |||||||
Net actuarial gains and losses arising during the period | 679 | 151 | 830 | ||||||||
Less: amortization of actuarial loss and prior service credit realized in net income | 709 | (248 | ) | 461 | |||||||
Net change from defined benefit plans | (30 | ) | 399 | 369 | |||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 113,031 | $ | (10,936 | ) | $ | 102,095 | ||||
Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | Before Tax | Tax Effect | Net of Tax | |||||||||
Net income | $ | 573,409 | $ | (179,245 | ) | $ | 394,164 | |||||
Net unrealized holding gains and losses on securities available for sale arising during the period | 214,774 | (80,336 | ) | 134,438 | ||||||||
Less: reclassification adjustments for net securities gains realized in net income | 23,994 | (8,398 | ) | 15,596 | ||||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale | 190,780 | (71,938 | ) | 118,842 | ||||||||
Net unrealized holding gains and losses on derivatives arising during the period | 104,612 | (38,373 | ) | 66,239 | ||||||||
Less: reclassification adjustments for net losses realized in net income | (1,485 | ) | 519 | (966 | ) | |||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments | 106,097 | (38,892 | ) | 67,205 | ||||||||
Net actuarial gains and losses arising during the period | 3,499 | (1,346 | ) | 2,153 | ||||||||
Less: amortization of actuarial loss and prior service credit realized in net income | 1,796 | (629 | ) | 1,167 | ||||||||
Net change from defined benefit plans | 1,703 | (717 | ) | 986 | ||||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 871,989 | $ | (290,792 | ) | $ | 581,197 | |||||
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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | Before Tax | Tax Effect | Net of Tax | |||||||||
Net income | $ | 846,332 | $ | (223,810 | ) | $ | 622,522 | |||||
Net unrealized holding gains and losses on securities available for sale arising during the period | (97,213 | ) | 40,819 | (56,394 | ) | |||||||
Less: reclassification adjustments for net securities gains realized in net income | 91,658 | (32,080 | ) | 59,578 | ||||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale | (188,871 | ) | 72,899 | (115,972 | ) | |||||||
Net unrealized holding gains and losses on derivatives arising during the period | 70,814 | (26,930 | ) | 43,884 | ||||||||
Less: reclassification adjustments for net gains realized in net income | 99,881 | (37,994 | ) | 61,887 | ||||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments | (29,067 | ) | 11,064 | (18,003 | ) | |||||||
Net actuarial gains and losses arising during the period | 4,254 | (1,694 | ) | 2,560 | ||||||||
Less: amortization of actuarial loss and prior service credit realized in net income | 2,127 | (744 | ) | 1,383 | ||||||||
Net change from defined benefit plans | 2,127 | (950 | ) | 1,177 | ||||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 630,521 | $ | (140,797 | ) | $ | 489,724 | |||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||
(In thousands) | Before Tax | Tax Effect | Net of Tax | |||||||||
Net income | $ | 1,751,294 | $ | (570,840 | ) | $ | 1,180,454 | |||||
Net unrealized holding gains and losses on securities available for sale arising during the period | 60,495 | (24,650 | ) | 35,845 | ||||||||
Less: reclassification adjustments for net securities losses realized in net income | (8,508 | ) | 2,978 | (5,530 | ) | |||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale | 69,003 | (27,628 | ) | 41,375 | ||||||||
Net unrealized holding gains and losses on derivatives arising during the period | 60,760 | (19,743 | ) | 41,017 | ||||||||
Less: reclassification adjustments for net gains realized in net income | 6,211 | (2,174 | ) | 4,037 | ||||||||
Net change in unrealized gains and losses on derivative instruments | 54,549 | (17,569 | ) | 36,980 | ||||||||
Net actuarial gains and losses arising during the period | 10,500 | (3,729 | ) | 6,771 | ||||||||
Less: amortization of actuarial loss and prior service credit realized in net income | 5,388 | (1,886 | ) | 3,502 | ||||||||
Net change from defined benefit plans | 5,112 | (1,843 | ) | 3,269 | ||||||||
Comprehensive income | $ | 1,879,958 | $ | (617,880 | ) | $ | 1,262,078 | |||||
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NOTE 4—Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits
Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefits cost included the following components for the three months ended September 30:
Pension | Other Postretirement Benefits | |||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 10,157 | $ | 12,207 | $ | 104 | $ | 234 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 22,024 | 24,052 | 685 | 766 | ||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (29,614 | ) | (32,851 | ) | (49 | ) | (67 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost (credit) | 864 | (67 | ) | (184 | ) | (105 | ) | |||||||||
Amortization of actuarial loss | 28 | 1,863 | — | 12 | ||||||||||||
Curtailment gains | — | (1,740 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||
$ | 3,459 | $ | 3,464 | $ | 556 | $ | 840 | |||||||||
Net periodic pension and other postretirement benefits cost included the following components for the nine months ended September 30:
Pension | Other Postretirement Benefits | |||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
Service cost | $ | 30,470 | $ | 32,791 | $ | 310 | $ | 703 | ||||||||
Interest cost | 66,072 | 64,756 | 2,054 | 2,297 | ||||||||||||
Expected return on plan assets | (88,841 | ) | (87,325 | ) | (145 | ) | (202 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of prior service cost (credit) | 2,592 | (200 | ) | (551 | ) | (313 | ) | |||||||||
Amortization of actuarial loss | 85 | 5,588 | — | 36 | ||||||||||||
Settlement charge | — | 2,300 | — | — | ||||||||||||
Curtailment gains | (4,383 | ) | (8,792 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||
$ | 5,995 | $ | 9,118 | $ | 1,668 | $ | 2,521 | |||||||||
The curtailment gains recognized during the first nine months of 2008 and 2007 resulted from merger-related employment terminations. The settlement charge during the first nine months of 2007 relates to the settlement of a liability under the Regions supplemental executive retirement plan for a certain executive officer.
NOTE 5—Share-Based Payments
Regions has long-term incentive compensation plans that permit the granting of incentive awards in the form of stock options, restricted stock awards and units, and stock appreciation rights. The terms of all awards issued under these plans are determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, but no options may be granted after the tenth anniversary of the plans’ adoption. Options and restricted stock usually vest based on employee service, generally within three years from the date of the grant. The contractual life of options granted under these plans ranges from seven to ten years from the date of grant. Upon adoption of a new long-term incentive plan in 2006, Regions amended all other open stock and long-term incentive plans, such that no new awards may be granted under those plans subsequent to the amendment date. The outstanding awards were unaffected by this plan amendment. Additionally, in connection with the AmSouth Bancorporation (“AmSouth”) merger, Regions assumed AmSouth’s long-term incentive plans. The number of remaining share equivalents authorized for future issuance under long-term compensation plans was approximately 16,618,000 share equivalents at September 30, 2008. Refer to Regions’ Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 for further disclosures related to share-based payments issued by Regions.
The fair value of stock options is estimated at the date of the grant using a Black-Scholes option pricing model and related assumptions. During 2008, expected volatility increased based upon increases in the historical volatility of Regions’ stock price and the implied volatility measurements from traded options on the Company’s
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stock. The expected option life increased based upon the increase in the contractual life on new grants. The following table summarizes the weighted-average assumptions used and the estimated fair values related to stock options granted during the nine months ended September 30:
September 30 | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Expected dividend yield | 6.87 | % | 4.11 | % | ||||
Expected volatility | 26.40 | % | 19.70 | % | ||||
Risk-free interest rate | 2.91 | % | 4.52 | % | ||||
Expected option life | 5.8 | yrs. | 5.0 | yrs. | ||||
Fair value | $ | 2.47 | $ | 5.23 |
The following table details the activity during the first nine months of 2008 and 2007 related to stock options:
For the Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
Number of Options | Wtd. Avg. Exercise Price | Number of Options | Wtd. Avg. Exercise Price | |||||||||
Outstanding at beginning of period | 48,044,207 | $ | 29.71 | 48,805,147 | $ | 28.97 | ||||||
Granted | 9,872,751 | 21.66 | 4,916,960 | 35.08 | ||||||||
Exercised | (90,801 | ) | 17.94 | (3,801,825 | ) | 26.91 | ||||||
Forfeited or cancelled | (4,517,950 | ) | 29.28 | (1,190,021 | ) | 30.35 | ||||||
Outstanding at end of period | 53,308,207 | $ | 28.27 | 48,730,261 | $ | 29.72 | ||||||
Exercisable at end of period | 41,375,142 | $ | 29.33 | 43,578,027 | $ | 29.09 | ||||||
The following table details the activity during the first nine months of 2008 and 2007 related to restricted share awards and units:
For the Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
Shares | Wtd. Avg. Grant Date Fair Value | Shares | Wtd. Avg. Grant Date Fair Value | |||||||||
Non-vested at beginning of period | 3,651,054 | $ | 32.60 | 3,290,589 | $ | 33.34 | ||||||
Granted | 1,657,573 | 21.28 | 1,511,596 | 35.57 | ||||||||
Vested | (514,516 | ) | 33.41 | (1,147,091 | ) | 32.14 | ||||||
Forfeited | (383,815 | ) | 31.22 | (365,804 | ) | 35.03 | ||||||
Non-vested at end of period | 4,410,296 | $ | 28.37 | 3,289,290 | $ | 34.60 | ||||||
NOTE 6—Business Segment Information
Regions’ segment information is presented based on Regions’ key segments of business. Each segment is a strategic business unit that serves specific needs of Regions’ customers. The Company’s primary segment is General Banking/Treasury, which represents the Company’s branch network, including consumer and commercial banking functions, and has separate management that is responsible for the operation of that business unit. This segment also includes the Company’s Treasury function, including the Company’s securities portfolio and other wholesale funding activities. EquiFirst is presented separately as a discontinued operation in the consolidated statements of income. See Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion.
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In addition to General Banking/Treasury, Regions has designated as distinct reportable segments the activity of its Investment Banking/Brokerage/Trust and Insurance divisions. Investment Banking/Brokerage/Trust includes trust activities and all brokerage and investment activities associated with Morgan Keegan. Insurance includes all business associated with commercial insurance and credit life products sold to consumer customers. The reportable segment designated “Other” primarily includes merger charges and the parent company.
The accounting policies used by each reportable segment are the same as those discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in the 2007 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Additionally, certain information that was previously reported in the Other segment has been moved to the General Banking/Treasury segment to better reflect the functions and the management of the General Banking/Treasury segment. Prior period information has been restated to reflect the current period classifications.
The following tables present financial information for each reportable segment for the period indicated.
(In thousands) | General Banking/ Treasury | Investment Banking/ Brokerage/ Trust | Insurance | Other | |||||||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2008 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 957,655 | $ | 10,510 | $ | 1,049 | $ | (47,619 | ) | ||||||
Provision for loan losses | 417,000 | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Non-interest income | 422,202 | 271,364 | 25,417 | 281 | |||||||||||
Non-interest expense | 820,903 | 232,630 | 21,580 | 52,518 | |||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 23,404 | 18,262 | 2,149 | (37,945 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 118,550 | $ | 30,982 | $ | 2,737 | $ | (61,911 | ) | ||||||
Average assets | $ | 114,088,628 | $ | 3,832,030 | $ | 321,524 | $ | 24,998,780 | |||||||
(In thousands) | Total Continuing Operations | Discontinued Operations (EquiFirst) | Total Company | ||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 921,595 | $ | — | $ | 921,595 | |||||||||
Provision for loan losses | 417,000 | — | 417,000 | ||||||||||||
Non-interest income | 719,264 | — | 719,264 | ||||||||||||
Non-interest expense | 1,127,631 | 17,501 | 1,145,132 | ||||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 5,870 | (6,604 | ) | (734 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 90,358 | $ | (10,897 | ) | $ | 79,461 | ||||||||
Average assets | $ | 143,240,962 | $ | — | $ | 143,240,962 | |||||||||
(In thousands) | General Banking/ Treasury | Investment Banking/ Brokerage/ Trust | Insurance | Other | |||||||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2007 | |||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 1,118,359 | $ | 13,598 | $ | 1,587 | $ | (53,763 | ) | ||||||
Provision for loan losses | 90,000 | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Non-interest income | 420,476 | 283,028 | 24,214 | 1,426 | |||||||||||
Non-interest expense | 772,407 | 225,469 | 20,367 | 127,151 | |||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 219,738 | 26,000 | 1,760 | (68,207 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 456,690 | $ | 45,157 | $ | 3,674 | $ | (111,281 | ) | ||||||
Average assets | $ | 108,192,658 | $ | 3,625,844 | $ | 283,842 | $ | 24,774,085 |
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(In thousands) | Total Continuing Operations | Discontinued Operations (EquiFirst) | Total Company | |||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 1,079,781 | $ | — | $ | 1,079,781 | ||||||
Provision for loan losses | 90,000 | — | 90,000 | |||||||||
Non-interest income | 729,144 | — | 729,144 | |||||||||
Non-interest expense | 1,145,394 | 122 | 1,145,516 | |||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 179,291 | (46 | ) | 179,245 | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 394,240 | $ | (76 | ) | $ | 394,164 | |||||
Average assets | $ | 136,876,429 | $ | — | $ | 136,876,429 |
(In thousands) | General Banking/ Treasury | Investment Banking/ Brokerage/ Trust | Insurance | Other | ||||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 3,022,766 | $ | 39,993 | $ | 3,066 | $ | (147,042 | ) | |||||
Provision for loan losses | 907,000 | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Non-interest income | 1,399,399 | 893,301 | 84,862 | (6,775 | ) | |||||||||
Non-interest expense | 2,405,440 | 774,304 | 67,139 | 271,381 | ||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 326,577 | 58,794 | 6,796 | (161,575 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 783,148 | $ | 100,196 | $ | 13,993 | $ | (263,623 | ) | |||||
Average assets | $ | 113,115,999 | $ | 3,770,582 | $ | 320,365 | $ | 25,354,466 | ||||||
(In thousands) | Total Continuing Operations | Discontinued Operations (EquiFirst) | Total Company | |||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 2,918,783 | $ | — | $ | 2,918,783 | ||||||||
Provision for loan losses | 907,000 | — | 907,000 | |||||||||||
Non-interest income | 2,370,787 | — | 2,370,787 | |||||||||||
Non-interest expense | 3,518,264 | 17,974 | 3,536,238 | |||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 230,592 | (6,782 | ) | 223,810 | ||||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 633,714 | $ | (11,192 | ) | $ | 622,522 | |||||||
Average assets | $ | 142,561,412 | $ | — | $ | 142,561,412 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | General Banking/ Treasury | Investment Banking/ Brokerage/ Trust | Insurance | Other | ||||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2007 | ||||||||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 3,453,983 | $ | 44,420 | $ | 4,438 | $ | (148,687 | ) | |||||
Provision for loan losses | 197,000 | — | — | — | ||||||||||
Non-interest income | 1,196,193 | 834,010 | 78,193 | 14,461 | ||||||||||
Non-interest expense | 2,298,259 | 656,651 | 60,867 | 296,318 | ||||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 720,934 | 80,970 | 7,571 | (163,607 | ) | |||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 1,433,983 | $ | 140,809 | $ | 14,193 | $ | (266,937 | ) | |||||
Average assets | $ | 109,543,474 | $ | 3,718,948 | $ | 270,321 | $ | 24,599,649 |
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(In thousands) | Total Continuing Operations | Discontinued Operations (EquiFirst) | Total Company | |||||||||
Net interest income | $ | 3,354,154 | $ | 11,967 | $ | 3,366,121 | ||||||
Provision for loan losses | 197,000 | 182 | 197,182 | |||||||||
Non-interest income | 2,122,857 | (176,681 | ) | 1,946,176 | ||||||||
Non-interest expense | 3,312,095 | 51,726 | 3,363,821 | |||||||||
Income taxes (benefit) | 645,868 | (75,028 | ) | 570,840 | ||||||||
Net income (loss) | $ | 1,322,048 | $ | (141,594 | ) | $ | 1,180,454 | |||||
Average assets | $ | 138,132,392 | $ | 641,877 | $ | 138,774,269 |
NOTE 7—Goodwill
Goodwill allocated to each reportable segment as of September 30, 2008, December, 31, 2007, and September 30, 2007 is presented as follows:
(In millions) | September 30, 2008 | December 31, 2007 | September 30, 2007 | ||||||
General Banking/Treasury | $ | 10,682 | $ | 10,669 | $ | 10,632 | |||
Investment Banking/Brokerage/Trust | 733 | 728 | 726 | ||||||
Insurance | 114 | 95 | 95 | ||||||
Total | $ | 11,529 | $ | 11,492 | $ | 11,453 | |||
For purposes of testing goodwill for impairment, Regions uses both the income and market approach to value its reporting units. The income approach consists of discounting projected future cash flows, which are derived from internal forecasts and economic expectations for the respective reporting units. The projected future cash flows are discounted using cost of capital metrics for Regions’ peer group. The market approach applies a market multiple, based on observed purchase transactions and/or price/earnings of Regions’ peer group for each reporting unit, to the last twelve-months of net income or earnings before income taxes, depreciation and amortization.
During the third quarter of 2008, Regions performed an interim impairment test due to the downturn in the economic environment. The interim impairment test indicated that the fair value (as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”) of the respective reporting units is greater than the carrying value (including goodwill); therefore, goodwill was not impaired as of September 30, 2008. Regions will continue to test goodwill as appropriate.
NOTE 8—Fair Value Measurements
Regions adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“FAS 157”), as of January 1, 2008. FAS 157 establishes a framework for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities and defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) as opposed to the price that would be paid to acquire the asset or received to assume the liability (an entry price). Under FAS 157, a fair value measure should reflect the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, including the assumptions about the risk inherent in a particular valuation technique, the effect of a restriction on the sale or use of an asset and the risk of nonperformance. FAS 157 requires disclosures that stratify balance sheet amounts measured at fair value based on inputs the Company uses to derive fair value measurements. These strata include:
• | Level 1 valuations, where the valuation is based on quoted market prices for identical assets or liabilities traded in active markets (which include exchanges and over-the-counter markets with sufficient volume), |
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• | Level 2 valuations, where the valuation is based on quoted market prices for similar instruments traded in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market, and |
• | Level 3 valuations, where the valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market, but observable based on Company-specific data. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Company’s own estimates for assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques typically include option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques, but may also include the use of market prices of assets or liabilities that are not directly comparable to the subject asset or liability. |
ITEMS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A RECURRING BASIS
Trading account assets, securities available for sale, mortgage loans held for sale, derivatives and certain short-term borrowings are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Below is a description of valuation methodologies for these assets and liabilities.
Trading account assets and securities available for saleprimarily consist of U.S. Treasuries, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities (including agency securities), municipal bonds and equity securities (primarily common stock and mutual funds). Regions uses quoted market prices of identical assets on active exchanges, or Level 1 measurements. Where such quoted market prices are not available, Regions typically employs quoted market prices of similar instruments (including matrix pricing) and/or discounted cash flows to estimate a value of these securities, or Level 2 measurements. Discounted cash flow analyses are typically based on market interest rates, prepayment speeds and/or option adjusted spreads. Level 3 measurements include discounted cash flow analyses based on assumptions that are not readily observable in the market place. Such assumptions include projections of future cash flows, including loss assumptions, and discount rates.
Mortgage loans held for saleconsist of residential mortgage loans held for sale. Mortgage loans held for sale primarily consist of loans that are valued based on traded market prices of similar assets where available and/or discounted cash flows at market interest rates, adjusted for securitization activities that include servicing value and market conditions, a Level 2 measurement. Regions has elected to measure mortgage loans held for sale at fair value by applying the fair value option (see additional discussion under “Fair Value Option” below).
Derivativesprimarily consist of interest rate contracts that include futures, options and swaps and are included in other assets and other liabilities on the balance sheet. For exchange-traded options and futures contracts, values are based on quoted market prices, or Level 1 measurements. For all other options and futures contracts traded in over-the-counter markets, values are determined using discounted cash flow analyses and option pricing models based on market rates and volatilities, or Level 2 measurements. Interest rate lock commitments on loans intended for sale, treasury locks and credit derivatives are valued using option pricing models that incorporate significant unobservable inputs, and therefore are Level 3 measurements.
Interest rate swaps are predominantly traded in over-the-counter markets and, as such, values are determined using widely accepted discounted cash flow models, or Level 2 measurements. These discounted cash flow models use projections of future cash payments/receipts that are discounted at mid-market rates. These valuations are adjusted for the unsecured credit risk at the reporting date, which considers collateral posted and the impact of master netting agreements.
Short-term borrowingsrecognized at fair value represent short-sale liabilities to counterparties. Short-sale liabilities are valued based on the fair value of the underlying securities, which are determined in the same manner as trading account assets and securities available for sale.
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The following table presents financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2008:
(In thousands) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | Fair Value | ||||||||
ASSETS: | ||||||||||||
Trading account assets | $ | 201,063 | $ | 423,703 | $ | 487,052 | $ | 1,111,818 | ||||
Securities available for sale | 2,685,598 | 14,853,856 | 93,458 | 17,632,912 | ||||||||
Mortgage loans held for sale | — | 495,206 | — | 495,206 | ||||||||
Derivative assets(a) | — | 689,337 | 16,872 | 706,209 | ||||||||
LIABILITIES: | ||||||||||||
Short-term borrowings | $ | 315,853 | $ | 87,792 | $ | 240,733 | $ | 644,378 | ||||
Derivative liabilities(a) | — | 305,766 | — | 305,766 |
(a) | Derivative assets and liabilities include approximately $1.0 billion related to legally enforceable master netting agreements that allow the Company to settle positive and negative positions. Derivative assets and liabilities are also presented excluding cash collateral received of $85 million and cash collateral posted of $111 million with counterparties. |
Assets and liabilities in all levels could result in volatile and material price fluctuations. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on Level 3 assets represent only a portion of the risk to market fluctuations in Regions’ balance sheets. Further, trading account assets, net derivatives and short-term borrowings included in Levels 1, 2 and 3 are used by the Asset and Liability Management Committee of the Company in a holistic approach to managing price fluctuation risks.
The following tables illustrate a rollforward for all assets and (liabilities) measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008:
Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs Three Months Ended September 30 (Level 3 measurements only) | ||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | Trading Account Assets | Securities Available for Sale | Net Derivatives | Short- Term Borrowings | ||||||||||||
Beginning balance, July 1, 2008 | $ | 604,007 | $ | 105,331 | $ | 12,293 | $ | (234,212 | ) | |||||||
Total gains (losses) realized and unrealized: | ||||||||||||||||
Included in earnings | (9,059 | ) | — | 14,151 | 3,113 | |||||||||||
Included in other comprehensive income | — | (4,218 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||
Purchases and issuances | 868,207 | 80 | 78 | 3,871,456 | ||||||||||||
Settlements | (974,577 | ) | (7,735 | ) | (9,650 | ) | (3,881,090 | ) | ||||||||
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3, net | (1,526 | ) | — | — | — | |||||||||||
Ending balance, September 30, 2008 | $ | 487,052 | $ | 93,458 | $ | 16,872 | $ | (240,733 | ) | |||||||
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(In thousands) | Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs Nine Months Ended September 30 (Level 3 measurements only) | |||||||||||||||
Trading Account Assets | Securities Available for Sale | Net Derivatives | Short- Term Borrowings | |||||||||||||
Beginning balance, January 1, 2008 | $ | 166,003 | $ | 73,003 | $ | 8,122 | $ | (57,456 | ) | |||||||
Total gains (losses) realized and unrealized: | ||||||||||||||||
Included in earnings | (9,962 | ) | — | 32,265 | 1,407 | |||||||||||
Included in other comprehensive income | — | (12,698 | ) | — | — | |||||||||||
Purchases and issuances | 2,542,166 | 49,180 | 204 | 6,406,851 | ||||||||||||
Settlements | (2,208,827 | ) | (16,027 | ) | (23,719 | ) | (6,595,089 | ) | ||||||||
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3, net | (2,328 | ) | — | — | 3,554 | |||||||||||
Ending balance, September 30, 2008 | $ | 487,052 | $ | 93,458 | $ | 16,872 | $ | (240,733 | ) | |||||||
The following tables detail the presentation of both realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded in earnings for Level 3 assets and liabilities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008:
(In thousands) | Total Gains and Losses (Level 3 measurements only) Three Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||
Trading Account Assets | Securities Available for Sale | Net Derivatives | Short- Term Borrowings | |||||||||||
Classifications of gains (losses) both realized and unrealized included in earnings for the period: | ||||||||||||||
Interest income | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Brokerage and investment banking | (9,059 | ) | — | — | 3,133 | |||||||||
Mortgage income | — | — | 9,216 | — | ||||||||||
Other income | — | — | 4,935 | — | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | — | (4,218 | ) | — | — | |||||||||
Total realized and unrealized gains and (losses) | $ | (9,059 | ) | $ | (4,218 | ) | $ | 14,151 | $ | 3,133 | ||||
(In thousands) | Total Gains and Losses (Level 3 measurements only) Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||
Trading Account Assets | Securities Available for Sale | Net Derivatives | Short- Term Borrowings | |||||||||||
Classifications of gains (losses) both realized and unrealized included in earnings for the period: | ||||||||||||||
Interest income | $ | 958 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Brokerage and investment banking | (10,920 | ) | — | — | 1,407 | |||||||||
Mortgage income | — | — | 26,814 | — | ||||||||||
Other income | — | — | 5,451 | — | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | — | (12,698 | ) | — | — | |||||||||
Total realized and unrealized gains and (losses) | $ | (9,962 | ) | $ | (12,698 | ) | $ | 32,265 | $ | 1,407 | ||||
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The following tables detail the presentation of only unrealized gains and losses recorded in earnings for Level 3 assets and liabilities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008:
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | Trading Account Assets | Securities Available for Sale | Net Derivatives | Short- Term Borrowings | ||||||||||
The amount of total gains and losses for the period included in earnings, attributable to the change in unrealized gains (losses) relating to assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2008: | ||||||||||||||
Interest income | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | ||||||
Brokerage and investment banking | 33 | — | — | (1,887 | ) | |||||||||
Mortgage income | — | — | 9,216 | — | ||||||||||
Other income | — | — | 4,935 | — | ||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | — | (4,218 | ) | — | — | |||||||||
Total unrealized gains and (losses) | $ | 33 | $ | (4,218 | ) | $ | 14,151 | $ | (1,887 | ) | ||||
Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | Trading Account Assets | Securities Available for Sale | Net Derivatives | Short- Term Borrowings | |||||||||||
The amount of total gains and losses for the period included in earnings, attributable to the change in unrealized gains (losses) relating to assets and liabilities still held at September 30, 2008: | |||||||||||||||
Interest income | $ | 222 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||
Brokerage and investment banking | (56 | ) | — | — | (1,086 | ) | |||||||||
Mortgage income | — | — | 26,814 | — | |||||||||||
Other income | — | — | 5,382 | — | |||||||||||
Other comprehensive income | — | (12,698 | ) | — | — | ||||||||||
Total unrealized gains and (losses) | $ | 166 | $ | (12,698 | ) | $ | 32,196 | $ | (1,086 | ) | |||||
ITEMS MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE ON A NON-RECURRING BASIS
From time to time, certain assets may be recorded at fair value on a non-recurring basis. These non-recurring fair value adjustments typically are a result of the application of lower of cost or fair value accounting or a write-down occurring during the period. The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for certain assets that are recorded at fair value.
Loans held for sale for which the fair value option has not been elected are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value and are reported at fair value on a non-recurring basis. The fair values for loans held for sale are based on observable transactions of similar instruments or formally committed loan sale prices and therefore such valuations are classified as a Level 2 measurement.
Mortgage servicing rightsare initially recorded at estimated fair value and are then periodically measured for impairment by projecting and discounting future cash flows associated with servicing at market rates. The projection of cash flows is a Level 3 measurement, incorporating assumptions of changes in cash flows due to estimated prepayments, estimated costs to service and estimates of other servicing income. Market assumptions, where available, are obtained from brokers and adjusted for Company-specific observations. These assumptions primarily include discount rates and expected prepayments.
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In addition to the assets currently measured at fair value mentioned above, Regions often uses fair value measurements in determining the period-end balance of certain financial instruments such as non-marketable investments. Typically, these assets use fair value measurements to determine the recorded lower of cost or fair value of the asset or to determine the losses incurred during the period. As of September 30, 2008, none of these assets were recognized at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet.
The following table presents the carrying value of those assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis, and gains and losses recognized during the period. The table does not reflect the change in fair value attributable to any related economic hedges the Company used to mitigate the interest rate risk associated with these assets.
Carrying Value as of September 30, 2008 | Fair value gains (losses) for the three months ended September 30, 2008 | Fair value gains (losses) for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 | ||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | Total | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 3 | ||||||||||
Loans Held for Sale(1) | 128,771 | — | 128,771 | — | (135,401 | ) | (136,159 | ) | ||||||
Mortgage Servicing Rights | 263,138 | — | — | 263,138 | (11,000 | ) | 14,000 |
(1) | These commercial real estate loans held for sale were not included in the election of the fair value option and are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 65, “Accounting for Certain Mortgage Banking Activities” (“FAS 65”) and Statement of Position 01-6 “Accounting by Certain Entities (Including with Trade Receivables) that Lend to or Finance the Activity of Others” (“SOP 01-6”). |
Regions also uses fair value measurements on a non-recurring basis for certain non-financial instruments such as other real estate and foreclosed assets. However, the effective date for the FAS 157 requirements for these instruments was deferred until January 1, 2009. See Note 13 “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” for further discussion.
FAIR VALUE OPTION
Regions also adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities” (“FAS 159”), as of January 1, 2008. FAS 159 allows an entity the irrevocable option to elect fair value for the initial and subsequent measurement for certain financial assets and liabilities on a contract-by-contract basis. FAS 159 requires the difference between the carrying value before election of the fair value option and the fair value of these financial instruments be recorded as an adjustment to beginning retained earnings in the period of adoption. There was no material effect of adoption on the consolidated financial statements.
Regions elected the fair value option for residential mortgage loans held for sale originated after January 1, 2008. This election allows for a more effective offset of the changes in fair values of the loans and the derivative instruments used to economically hedge them without the burden of complying with the requirements for hedge accounting under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“FAS 133”). Regions has not elected the fair value option for other loans held for sale primarily because they are not economically hedged using derivative instruments. Fair values of loans held for sale are based on traded market prices of similar assets where available and/or discounted cash flows at market interest rates, adjusted for securitization activities that include servicing values and market conditions. At September 30, 2008, loans held for sale for which the fair value option was elected had an aggregate fair value of $495.2 million and an aggregate outstanding principal balance of $487.9 million and were recorded in loans held for sale in the consolidated balance sheet. Interest income on mortgage loans held for sale is recognized based on contractual rates and reflected in interest income on loans held for sale in the consolidated income statement. Net gains (losses) resulting from changes in fair value of these loans of $7.7 million and $7.3 million were recorded
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in mortgage income during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, respectively. These changes in fair value are mostly offset by economic hedging activities. An immaterial portion of these amounts was attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit risk.
The election of the fair value option under FAS 159 impacts the timing and recognition of servicing value, as well as origination fees and costs. The servicing value of a loan was precluded from being recognized until the sale of the loan prior to the election of the fair value option. After adoption of the fair value option, this value is recognized in earnings at the time of origination. Origination fees and costs for mortgage loans held for sale, which had been previously deferred under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 91, “Accounting for Nonrefundable Fees and Costs Associated with Originating or Acquiring Loans and Initial Direct Costs of Leases”, are now recognized in earnings at the time of origination. Prior to the election of the fair value option, net loan origination costs for mortgage loans held for sale were capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the loans and recognized as a reduction of mortgage income upon the sale of such loans. Approximately $10 million of loan servicing value was recognized in non-interest income for the first nine months of 2008 related to the adoption of FAS 159. The net impact of ceasing deferrals of origination fees and costs during the first nine months of 2008 related to the adoption of FAS 159 was not material.
NOTE 9—Commitments and Contingencies
COMMERCIAL COMMITMENTS
Regions issues off-balance sheet financial instruments in connection with lending activities. The credit risk associated with these instruments is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers and is subject to Regions’ normal credit approval policies and procedures. Collateral is obtained based on management’s assessment of the customer.
Credit risk associated with these instruments as of September 30 is represented by the contractual amounts indicated in the following table:
(In millions) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||
Unused commitments to extend credit | $ | 39,203 | $ | 41,401 | ||
Standby letters of credit | 8,048 | 6,890 | ||||
Commercial letters of credit | 27 | 60 |
Unused commitments to extend credit—To accommodate the financial needs of its customers, Regions makes commitments under various terms to lend funds to consumers, businesses and other entities. These commitments include (among others) revolving credit agreements, term loan commitments and short-term borrowing agreements. Many of these loan commitments have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of these commitments are expected to expire without being funded, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future liquidity requirements. However, the current lack of liquidity in the broader market and the current credit environment has resulted in increased fundings of commitments to extend credit.
Standby letters of credit—Standby letters of credit are also issued to customers, which commit Regions to make payments on behalf of customers if certain specified future events occur. Regions has recourse against the customer for any amount required to be paid to a third party under a standby letter of credit. Historically, a large percentage of standby letters of credit expired without being funded. The current lack of liquidity in the broader market and the current credit environment has resulted in increased fundings of standby letters of credit.
Commercial letters of credit—Commercial letters of credit are issued to facilitate foreign or domestic trade transactions for customers. As a general rule, drafts will be drawn when the goods underlying the transaction are in transit.
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LEGAL
Regions and its affiliates are subject to litigation, including the litigation discussed below, and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. Punitive damages are routinely claimed in these cases. Regions continues to be concerned about the general trend in litigation involving large damage awards against financial service company defendants. Regions evaluates these contingencies based on information currently available, including advice of counsel and assessment of available insurance coverage. Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to these litigation contingencies, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of pending and threatened litigation would not have a material effect on Regions’ consolidated financial position or results of operations, except to the extent indicated in the discussion below.
In late 2007 and during 2008, Regions and certain of its affiliates were named in class-action lawsuits filed in federal and state courts on behalf of investors who purchased shares of certain Regions Morgan Keegan Select Funds (the “Funds”) and shareholders of Regions. The complaints contain various allegations, including claims that the Funds and the defendants misrepresented or failed to disclose material facts relating to the activities of the Funds. No class has been certified, and at this stage of the lawsuits Regions cannot determine the probability of a material adverse result or reasonably estimate a range of potential exposures, if any. However, it is possible that an adverse resolution of these matters may be material to Regions’ consolidated financial position or results of operations. In addition, the Company has received requests for information from the SEC Staff regarding the matters subject to the litigation described above.
Certain of the shareholders in these Funds and other interested parties have entered into arbitration proceedings and individual civil claims, in lieu of participating in the class actions. As with the class actions, these proceedings are in the preliminary stages. Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to these contingencies, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of these proceedings would not have a material effect on Regions’ consolidated financial position or results of operations.
NOTE 10—Visa Indemnification and Initial Public Offering
As a member of the Visa USA network, Regions, along with other members, indemnified Visa USA against certain litigation. On October 3, 2007, Visa USA was restructured and acquired several Visa affiliates, and the restructured entity resulted in the formation of Visa, Inc. (“Visa”). In conjunction with this restructuring, Regions’ indemnification of Visa was modified to cover five specific cases (“covered litigation”). Certain of the covered litigation has been settled or accrued for by Visa and, accordingly, Regions has recorded its pro-rata share. Additionally, this modification caused Regions’ indemnification to be included within the scope of FASB Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others”, requiring a liability to be recognized at fair value for Regions’ share of the indemnification for the covered litigation that has not been settled or accrued by Visa. As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, Regions’ liability recognized under this indemnification was approximately $51.5 million.
On March 25, 2008, Visa executed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of common stock and, in connection with the IPO, Regions’ ownership interest in Visa was converted into Class B common stock of approximately 3.8 million shares. On March 28, 2008, Visa redeemed approximately 1.5 million shares of the Class B common stock from Regions for proceeds of approximately $62.8 million, all of which was recorded as “Other Income” in the consolidated statements of income. As of September 30, 2008, Regions’ remaining investment totaled approximately 2.3 million shares with a cost basis of zero. The Class B common stock is subject to a restriction period of the lesser of three years from the date of the IPO or settlement of all covered litigation. The number of shares of Class B common stock may also be adjusted by Visa, depending on the outcome of the covered litigation.
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A portion of Visa’s proceeds from the IPO, totaling $3.0 billion, was escrowed to fund the covered litigation. To the extent that the amount available under the escrow arrangement is insufficient to fully resolve the covered litigation, Visa will enforce the indemnification obligations of Visa USA’s members for any excess amount. As of September 30, 2008, Regions recognized an asset of and reduced first quarter 2008 expense by approximately $28.4 million, which represents the Company’s proportionate economic interest in the escrow account to settle the litigation liability.
NOTE 11—Discontinued Operations
On March 30, 2007, Regions sold EquiFirst Corporation (“EquiFirst”), a wholly-owned non-conforming mortgage origination subsidiary, for approximately $76 million and recorded an after-tax gain of approximately $1 million. Consequently, the business related to EquiFirst has been accounted for as discontinued operations and the results are presented separately on the consolidated statements of income following the results from continuing operations. In the third quarter of 2008, an adjustment was recorded based on the anticipated final sales price. Resolution of the sales price was completed in October 2008, and was not materially different from the estimated final sales price.
Prior to the sale of EquiFirst and excluding the gain on the sale, Regions recorded, during the first quarter of 2007, approximately $142 million in after-tax losses related to the operations of EquiFirst. The primary factor in the recognition of these losses was the significant and rapid deterioration of the sub-prime market during the first three months of 2007.
The results from discontinued operations for the three-month periods ending September 30, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Total non-interest expense | $ | 17,501 | 122 | |||||
Loss from discontinued operations before income taxes | (17,501 | ) | (122 | ) | ||||
Income tax benefit | (6,604 | ) | (46 | ) | ||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | $ | (10,897 | ) | $ | (76 | ) | ||
The results from discontinued operations for the nine-month periods ending September 30, 2008 and 2007 are as follows:
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Net interest income | $ | — | $ | 11,967 | ||||
Provision for loan losses | — | 182 | ||||||
Net interest income after provision for loan losses | — | 11,785 | ||||||
Total non-interest income, excluding gain on sale of discontinued operations | — | (188,658 | ) | |||||
Total non-interest expense | 17,974 | 51,726 | ||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, excluding gain on sale, before income taxes | (17,974 | ) | (228,599 | ) | ||||
Gain on sale of discontinued operations before income taxes | — | 11,977 | ||||||
Loss from discontinued operations before income taxes | (17,974 | ) | (216,622 | ) | ||||
Income tax benefit | (6,782 | ) | (75,028 | ) | ||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax | $ | (11,192 | ) | $ | (141,594 | ) | ||
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NOTE 12—Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)” (“FAS 158”). FAS 158 requires employers to fully recognize in their financial statements the obligations associated with single-employer defined benefit pension plans, retiree healthcare plans, and other postretirement plans. Specifically, it requires a company to (1) recognize on its balance sheet an asset for a plan’s overfunded status or a liability for a plan’s underfunded status, (2) measure a plan’s assets and its obligations that determine its funded status as of the end of the employer’s fiscal year, and (3) recognize changes in the funded status of a plan through comprehensive income in the year in which the changes occur. Companies with publicly-traded equity securities were required to prospectively adopt the recognition and disclosure provisions of FAS 158 effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. Regions adopted FAS 158 on December 31, 2006 and recorded an after-tax reduction to the ending balance of accumulated other comprehensive income of $64.1 million to recognize the funded status of Regions’ pension and other postretirement benefit plans. On January 1, 2008, Regions made a cumulative effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings to reflect the transition to a fiscal year-end measurement date, which resulted in an after-tax reduction to beginning retained earnings of approximately $1.7 million. The first year-end measurement date will be on December 31, 2008.
In September 2006, the FASB ratified the consensus the Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) reached regarding EITF Issue No. 06-4, “Accounting for Deferred Compensation and Postretirement Benefit Aspects of Endorsement Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements” (“EITF 06-4”), which provides accounting guidance for postretirement benefits related to endorsement split-dollar life insurance arrangements, whereby the employer owns and controls the insurance policies. The consensus concludes that an employer should recognize a liability for the postretirement benefit in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 106, “Employers’ Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions” (“FAS 106”) or Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 12, “Omnibus Opinion-1967” (“APB 12”). In addition, the consensus states that an employer should also recognize an asset based on the substance of the arrangement with the employee. EITF 06-4 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007 with early application permitted.
In March 2007, the FASB ratified the consensus the EITF reached regarding EITF Issue No. 06-10, “Accounting for Collateral Assignment Split-Dollar Life Insurance Arrangements” (“EITF 06-10”), which provides accounting guidance for postretirement benefits related to collateral assignment split-dollar life insurance arrangements, whereby the employee owns and controls the insurance policies. The consensus concludes that an employer should recognize a liability for the postretirement benefit in accordance with FAS 106 or APB 12, as well as recognize an asset based on the substance of the arrangement with the employee. EITF 06-10 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007, with early application permitted. Regions adopted EITF 06-4 and 06-10 on January 1, 2008, and the effect of adoption on the consolidated financial statements was a reduction in retained earnings of approximately $15.5 million.
In September 2006, the FASB issued FAS 157, which provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities, but does not expand the use of fair value in any circumstance. FAS 157 also requires expanded disclosures about the extent to which a company measures assets and liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value measurements on an entity’s financial statements. The statement applies when other standards require or permit assets and liabilities to be measured at fair value. FAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. Additionally, in February 2008, the FASB issued FSP 157-2, “Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157” (“FSP 157-2”), which delays the effective date of FAS 157 for non-recurring, non-financial instruments to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008. Regions adopted FAS 157 on January 1, 2008, and the effect of adoption on the consolidated financial statements was not material. Prospectively, Regions anticipates the adoption of FAS 157 will impact the valuation of derivatives, specifically the credit component of the valuation. See Note 8, “Fair Value Measurements” for additional information about the impact of the adoption of FAS 157.
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In February 2007, the FASB issued FAS 159, which allows entities to voluntarily choose, at specified election dates, to measure financial assets and financial liabilities (as well as certain non-financial instruments that are similar to financial instruments) at fair value (the “fair value option”). The election is made on an instrument-by-instrument basis and is irrevocable. If the fair value option is elected for an instrument, FAS 159 specifies that all subsequent changes in fair value for that instrument be reported in earnings. FAS 159 is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007, and earlier adoption is permitted. Regions adopted FAS 159 on January 1, 2008, for mortgage loans held for sale originated on or after January 1, 2008, and there was no material effect of adoption on the consolidated financial statements. Prospectively, Regions anticipates the adoption of FAS 159 will accelerate the timing of gain recognition on mortgage loans held for sale. See Note 8, “Fair Value Measurements” for additional information about the impact of the adoption of FAS 159.
In April 2007, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position FIN 39-1, “Amendment of FASB Interpretation No. 39” (“FSP FIN 39-1”), which permits a reporting entity that is party to a master netting agreement to offset fair value amounts recognized for rights and obligations relating to cash collateral against fair value amounts recognized for derivative instruments that have been offset under the same master netting arrangements. FSP FIN 39-1 requires entities to make an accounting policy election to carry collateral posted/received at fair value, netted against the corresponding derivative positions, or carry collateral posted/received presented separately at cost. FSP FIN 39-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, requiring retrospective application for all financial statements presented. Regions has elected not to present collateral posted/received under master netting arrangements at fair value and thus, has not netted such amounts against derivative amounts included in the consolidated balance sheets. Collateral posted/received is included in Fed Funds Sold/Purchased on the consolidated balance sheets. At September 30, 2008, December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2007, Regions posted collateral of $110.9 million, $18.4 million and $51 thousand, respectively, and received collateral of $84.8 million, $114.4 million and $40.7 million, respectively.
In November 2007, the Securities and Exchange Commission issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 109, “Application of Accounting Principles to Loan Commitments” (“SAB 109”), to inform registrants of the Staff’s view that the fair value of written loan commitments that are accounted for at fair value should include expected net future cash flows related to the associated servicing of the loan. Additionally, the Staff reaffirmed its previous views that internally-developed intangible assets (such as customer relationship intangible assets) should not be recorded as part of the fair value of such commitments. The Staff expects registrants to apply the views stated in SAB 109 on a prospective basis to written loan commitments recorded at fair value which were issued or modified in fiscal quarters beginning after December 15, 2007. Regions adopted SAB 109 on January 1, 2008. The adoption of SAB 109 did not have a material impact on Regions’ consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141 (revised 2007), “Business Combinations” (“FAS 141(R)”). FAS 141(R) requires the acquiring entity in a business combination to recognize all (and only) the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction; establishes the acquisition-date fair value as the measurement objective for all assets acquired and liabilities assumed; and requires the acquirer to disclose to investors and other users all of the information needed to evaluate and understand the nature and financial effect of the business combination. FAS 141(R) is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Regions is in the process of reviewing the potential impact of FAS 141(R). The adoption of FAS 141(R) could have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements for business combinations entered into after the effective date of FAS 141(R). Also, any tax contingencies related to acquisitions prior to the effective date of FAS 141(R) that are resolved after the adoption of FAS 141(R) would be recorded through current earnings, and also could have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.
In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (“FAS 160”), which requires all entities to report noncontrolling (minority) interests in subsidiaries as equity in the consolidated financial statements.
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Additionally, FAS 160 requires that transactions between an entity and noncontrolling interests be treated as equity transactions. FAS 160 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Regions is in the process of reviewing the potential impact of FAS 160; however, the adoption of FAS 160 is not expected to have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.
In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“FAS 161”). FAS 161 requires entities to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (“FAS 133”) and its related interpretations, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. FAS 161 is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, and early adoption is permitted. Regions is in the process of reviewing the potential impact of FAS 161; however, the adoption of FAS 161 is not expected to have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.
In June 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. EITF 03-6-1, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payments Transactions Are Participating Securities” (“FSP EITF 03-6-1”). FSP EITF 03-6-1 requires that instruments granted in share-based payment transactions, that are considered to be participating securities, should be included in the earnings allocation in computing earnings per share (“EPS”) under the two-class method described in FASB Statement No. 128, “Earnings per Share”. FSP EITF 03-6-1 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 with all prior period EPS data being adjusted retrospectively. Early adoption is not permitted. Regions is in the process of reviewing the potential impact of FSP EITF 03-6-1; however, the adoption of FSP EITF 03-6-1 is not expected to have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.
In October 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. FAS 157-3, “Determining the Fair Value of a Financial Asset When the Market for That Asset Is Not Active” (“FSP 157-3”). FSP 157-3 clarifies the application FAS 157 in a market that is not active. The FSP is intended to address the following application issues: (a) how the reporting entity’s own assumptions (that is, expected cash flows and appropriately risk-adjusted discount rates) should be considered when measuring fair value when relevant observable inputs do not exist; (b) how available observable inputs in a market that is not active should be considered when measuring fair value; and (c) how the use of market quotes (for example, broker quotes or pricing services for the same or similar financial assets) should be considered when assessing the relevance of observable and unobservable inputs available to measure fair value. FSP 157-3 is effective on issuance, including prior periods for which financial statements have not been issued. Regions adopted FSP 157-3 for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 and the effect of adoption on the consolidated financial statements was not material.
NOTE 13—Subsequent Events
During October 2008, Regions received preliminary approval from the U.S. Treasury Department, subject to standard closing conditions, for the investment of $3.5 billion in Regions preferred stock. The investment is part of the U. S. Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program, designed to restore confidence in our nation’s financial system, increase the flow of credit to consumers and businesses, and provide additional assistance to distressed homeowners facing foreclosure. Regions will pay the government a 5% dividend, or $175 million annually, for each of the first five years of the investment, and 9% thereafter unless Regions redeems the shares. The government also will receive 10-year warrants for common stock.
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Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
INTRODUCTION
The following discussion and analysis is part of Regions Financial Corporation’s (“Regions” or the “Company”) Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and updates Regions’ Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, which was previously filed with the SEC. This financial information is presented to aid in understanding Regions’ financial position and results of operations and should be read together with the financial information contained in the Form 10-K. Certain prior period amounts presented in this discussion and analysis have been reclassified to conform to current period classifications, except as otherwise noted. The emphasis of this discussion will be on the three and nine months ended September 30, 2008 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 for the statement of income. For the balance sheet, the emphasis of this discussion will be the balances as of September 30, 2008 as compared to December 31, 2007.
This discussion and analysis contains statements that may be considered “forward-looking statements” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. See pages 3 and 4 for additional information regarding forward-looking statements.
CORPORATE PROFILE
Regions is a financial holding company headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama, which operates in the South, Midwest and Texas. Regions’ provides traditional commercial, retail and mortgage banking services, as well as other financial services in the fields of investment banking, asset management, trust, mutual funds, securities brokerage, insurance and other specialty financing.
Regions conducts its banking operations through Regions Bank, an Alabama chartered commercial bank that is a member of the Federal Reserve System. At September 30, 2008, Regions operated approximately 1,900 full-service banking offices in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas and Virginia. Regions provides brokerage services and investment banking from approximately 360 offices of Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc. (“Morgan Keegan”), a full-service regional brokerage and investment banking firm. Regions provides full-line insurance brokerage services primarily through Regions Insurance, Inc., one of the 25 largest insurance brokers in the country.
Regions’ profitability, like that of many other financial institutions, is dependent on its ability to generate revenue from net interest income and non-interest income sources. Net interest income is the difference between the interest income Regions receives on interest-earning assets, such as loans and securities, and the interest expense Regions pays on interest-bearing liabilities, principally deposits and borrowings. Regions’ net interest income is impacted by the size and mix of its balance sheet components and the interest rate spread between interest earned on its assets and interest paid on its liabilities. Non-interest income includes fees from service charges on deposit accounts, securities brokerage, investment banking and trust activities, mortgage servicing and secondary marketing, insurance activities and other customer services which Regions provides. Results of operations are also affected by the provision for loan losses and non-interest expenses, such as salaries and employee benefits, occupancy and other operating expenses, as well as income taxes.
Economic conditions, competition, and the monetary and fiscal policies of the Federal government significantly affect most financial institutions, including Regions. Lending and deposit activities and fee income generation are influenced by levels of business spending and investment, consumer income, consumer spending and savings, capital market activities, and competition among financial institutions, as well as customer preferences, interest rate conditions and prevailing market rates on competing products in Regions’ market areas.
Regions’ business strategy has been and continues to be focused on providing a competitive mix of products and services, delivering quality customer service and maintaining a branch distribution network with offices in
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convenient locations. Regions delivers this business strategy with the personal attention and feel of a community bank and with the service and product offerings of a large regional bank.
THIRD QUARTER HIGHLIGHTS
Regions reported income from continuing operations of $90.4 million, or $0.13 per diluted share in the third quarter of 2008, which included $15.2 million in after-tax merger-related expenses (or 2 cents per diluted share). Excluding the impact of merger-related expenses, earnings per diluted share from continuing operations were $0.15, compared to third quarter 2007 per diluted share earnings of $0.64 on the same basis. See Table 12 for a reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures. High credit costs, primarily the result of ongoing deterioration in real estate values, continued to negatively impact pre-tax earnings. During the third quarter, Regions recorded a $417.0 million provision for loan losses, $108.0 million higher than second quarter’s level and $327.0 million higher than the same period in 2007. Additionally, several other significant items, which are discussed later in this section, affected net income for the third quarter of 2008.
Net interest income from continuing operations, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, for the third quarter of 2008 was $0.931 billion, compared to $1.087 billion in the third quarter of 2007. The taxable-equivalent net interest margin (annualized) for the third quarter of 2008 was 3.10%, compared to 3.74% in the third quarter of 2007. A $43 million charge related to a leveraged lease tax settlement during the third quarter of 2008 accounted for 14 basis points of the reduction. A related $19 million tax benefit is reflected in income tax expense. The remaining change in the net interest margin is attributable to several conditions, including the continued pressure of a negative shift in the deposit mix. In particular, Regions’ net interest margin has been recently affected by deposit disintermediation and pricing pressure, as an industry-wide flight to quality to assets such as Treasury securities weighed on bank deposits. Additionally, the impact of recent yield curve movements (including Federal Reserve interest rate reductions during 2008) and higher non-performing asset levels negatively impacted the net interest margin. The issuances of $750 million of subordinated debt and $345 million of junior subordinated debt during the second quarter of 2008 further pressured the net interest margin.
Net charge-offs totaled $416.4 million, or an annualized 1.68% of average loans, in the third quarter of 2008, compared to 0.27% for the third quarter of 2007. The increase was primarily driven by deterioration in the residential homebuilder portfolio and losses within the home equity portfolio, both of which are closely tied to the housing market slowdown. Losses were also impacted by the disposition of non-performing loans. During the third quarter of 2008, approximately $327 million in non-accrual loans were either sold or designated as held for sale, with associated charge-offs of approximately $163 million. The provision for loan losses from continuing operations totaled $417.0 million in the third quarter of 2008 compared to $309.0 million in the second quarter of 2008 and $90.0 million during the third quarter of 2007. The allowance for credit losses at September 30, 2008, was 1.57% of total loans, net of unearned income, compared to 1.56% at June 30, 2008 and 1.45% at December 31, 2007. Total non-performing assets at September 30, 2008, were $1,770.7 million, compared to $864.1 million at December 31, 2007. Residential homebuilder and condominium loans were the primary drivers of the increase since December 31, 2007. Included in non-performing assets was $128.8 million of loans held for sale at September 30, 2008.
Non-interest income for the third quarter of 2008 from continuing operations, excluding the impact of securities gains, increased slightly compared to the third quarter of 2007. This increase was attributable to contributions from brokerage, investment banking and capital markets income, trust income, mortgage income and insurance income, offset by decreases in other income.
Total non-interest expense from continuing operations was $1.128 billion and $1.145 billion in the third quarter of 2008 and 2007, respectively. The decrease in non-interest expense was primarily attributable to lower merger charges. Pre-tax merger charges of $24.5 million were incurred in the third quarter of 2008 compared to $91.8 million in the third quarter of 2007 (see Table 12 “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation”). Additional non-interest expense declines were due to personnel-related efficiencies and reduced incentive expense during
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2008. Offsetting the decrease was higher occupancy and furniture and equipment expense related to additional branches and higher professional fees and other real estate owned (“OREO”) expenses.
TOTAL ASSETS
Regions’ total assets at September 30, 2008, were $144.3 billion, compared to $141.0 billion at December 31, 2007. The increase in total assets from year-end 2007 resulted primarily from an increase in loans.
LOANS
At September 30, 2008, loans represented 82% of Regions’ interest-earning assets. The following table presents the distribution by loan type of Regions’ loan portfolio, net of unearned income:
Table 1—Loan Portfolio
(In thousands, net of unearned income) | September 30 2008 | December 31 2007 | September 30 2007 | ||||||
Commercial | $ | 23,511,223 | $ | 20,906,617 | $ | 23,565,882 | |||
Real estate—mortgage | 40,477,318 | 39,343,128 | 35,337,366 | ||||||
Real estate—construction | 13,053,627 | 14,025,491 | 14,237,083 | ||||||
Home equity | 15,848,994 | 14,962,007 | 14,835,319 | ||||||
Indirect | 4,211,078 | 3,938,113 | 4,015,142 | ||||||
Other consumer | 1,609,570 | 2,203,491 | 2,382,840 | ||||||
$ | 98,711,810 | $ | 95,378,847 | $ | 94,373,632 | ||||
Loans, net of unearned income, totaled $98.7 billion at September 30, 2008, an increase of $3.3 billion from year-end 2007 levels. Loan growth occurred primarily in commercial, real estate mortgage and home equity partially offset by a decrease in real estate construction and other consumer. Commercial loan growth was driven by healthcare and asset-based lending, while the growth in home equity was generally a result of slower paydowns coupled with increased line usage.
Regions has approximately $82 million in book value of “sub-prime” loans retained from the disposition of EquiFirst, down slightly from the year-end 2007 balance of $100 million. The credit loss exposure related to these loans is addressed in management’s periodic determination of the allowance for credit losses.
As of September 30, 2008, Regions had funded $602 million in letters of credit backing Variable-Rate Demand Notes (“VRDN”). These loans are included in the commercial category in the table above. As of October 29, 2008, Regions has funded an additional $919 million, net, in letters of credit backing VRDNs. These fundings are largely related to significant redemption requests in money market mutual funds that invested in VRDNs, as a result of the increased volatility in the financial markets. An additional $126 million has been tendered but not yet funded. The remaining unfunded VRDN letters of credit portfolio is approximately $3.9 billion (net of participations).
As of the end of business on October 9, 2008, Regions ceased originating loans through the retail indirect lending channel. Therefore, loans in the indirect category will begin to decline in the fourth quarter of 2008.
RESIDENTIAL HOMEBUILDER PORTFOLIO
During late 2007, the residential homebuilder portfolio came under significant stress. In Table 1 “Loan Portfolio”, the majority of these loans are reported in the real estate—construction loan category, while a smaller portion is reported as real estate—mortgage loans. The residential homebuilder portfolio is geographically
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concentrated in Florida and North Georgia; the balances in these areas total approximately $2.1 billion of the $5.2 billion total at September 30, 2008. Regions has realigned its organizational structure to enable some of the Company’s most experienced bankers to concentrate their efforts on management of this portfolio. From June 30, 2008 to September 30, 2008, this portfolio decreased by approximately $556 million primarily due to repayments.
The following table details the portfolio breakout of the residential homebuilder portfolio:
Table 2—Residential Homebuilder Portfolio
(In thousands, net of unearned income) | September 2008 | June 30 2008 | March 31 2008 | December 31 2007 | ||||||||
Land | $ | 1,838,899 | $ | 2,065,967 | $ | 2,093,181 | $ | 2,925,685 | ||||
Residential—spec | 1,505,731 | 1,752,055 | 1,874,700 | 1,893,567 | ||||||||
Residential—presold | 457,097 | 545,806 | 588,163 | 617,628 | ||||||||
Lots | 1,109,921 | 1,178,815 | 1,416,909 | 1,607,794 | ||||||||
National homebuilders and other | 290,279 | 215,610 | 258,211 | 160,505 | ||||||||
$ | 5,201,927 | $ | 5,758,253 | $ | 6,231,164 | $ | 7,205,179 | |||||
ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
The allowance for credit losses (“allowance”) represents management’s estimate of credit losses inherent in the portfolio as of September 30, 2008. The allowance consists of two components: the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded credit commitments. Management’s assessment of the adequacy of the allowance is based on the combination of both of these components. Regions determines its allowance in accordance with regulatory guidance, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 114, “Accounting by Creditors for Impairment of a Loan” (“FAS 114”) and Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies” (“FAS 5”). Binding unfunded credit commitments include items such as letters of credit, financial guarantees and binding unfunded loan commitments.
At September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the allowance totaled approximately $1.5 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively. The allowance as a percentage of net loans was 1.57% at September 30, 2008 compared to 1.56% at June 30, 2008 and 1.45% at year-end 2007. Net charge-offs as a percentage of average loans (annualized) were 1.03% and 0.23% in the first nine months of 2008 and 2007, respectively. The increase in the allowance was primarily driven by deterioration in the residential homebuilder, condominium and home equity portfolios, all of which are tied directly to the housing market slowdown. Given continuing pressure on residential property values—especially in Florida and North Georgia—and a generally uncertain economic backdrop, the Company expects credit costs to remain elevated. The reserve for unfunded credit commitments was $74.2 million at September 30, 2008 compared to $58.3 million at December 31, 2007. This increase is due to migration of commitments’ risk ratings from pass to classified status. Details regarding the allowance and net charge-offs, including an analysis of activity from the previous year’s totals, are included in Table 3 “Allowance for Credit Losses”.
For the third quarter of 2008, net charge-offs on home equity credits were an annualized 1.59% of home equity loans compared to an annualized 0.31% for the third quarter of 2007. However, net charge-offs on home equity credits decreased on a linked-quarter basis from an annualized 1.94% of outstanding loans and lines during the second quarter of 2008. Losses in Florida-based credits remained at elevated levels, as property valuations in certain markets have continued to experience ongoing deterioration. These loans and lines represent approximately $5.6 billion of Regions’ total home equity portfolio at September 30, 2008. Of that balance, approximately $2.0 billion represent first liens; second liens, which total $3.6 billion, are the main source of losses. Florida second lien losses were 4.28% annualized during the third quarter of 2008 as compared to 4.74%
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during the second quarter of 2008. Third quarter home equity losses in Florida amounted to an annualized 3.28% of loans and lines versus 0.69% across the remainder of Regions’ footprint. This compares to second quarter 2008 losses of 3.55% and 1.08%, respectively.
The remainder of the increase in net charge-offs during the third quarter of 2008 relates primarily to the residential homebuilder portfolio, which is discussed earlier in this report, and the disposition of non-accrual loans. During the third quarter of 2008, a total of $327 million in non-accrual loans were sold or designated as held for sale with associated charge-offs of approximately $163 million.
Factors considered by management in determining the adequacy of the allowance include, but are not limited to: (1) detailed reviews of individual loans; (2) historical and current trends in gross and net loan charge-offs for the various portfolio segments evaluated; (3) the Company’s policies relating to delinquent loans and charge-offs; (4) the level of the allowance in relation to total loans and to historical loss levels; (5) levels and trends in non-performing and past due loans; (6) collateral values of properties securing loans; (7) the composition of the loan portfolio, including unfunded credit commitments; and (8) management’s analysis of current economic conditions.
Various departments, including Credit Review, Commercial and Consumer Credit Risk Management and Special Assets are involved in the credit risk management process to assess the accuracy of risk ratings, the quality of the portfolio and the estimation of inherent credit losses in the loan portfolio. This comprehensive process also assists in the prompt identification of problem credits. The Company has taken a number of measures to aggressively manage the portfolios and mitigate losses, particularly in the more problematic portfolios. Specific to the residential homebuilder portfolio, $2.2 billion of relationships are being aggressively managed to mitigate risk. Significant action in the management of the home equity portfolio has also been taken. A portfolio evaluation was completed during the quarter, which provided detailed property level information to assist in workout strategies. Also, a strong Customer Assistance Program is in place which educates customers about options and initiates early contact with customers to discuss solutions when a loan first becomes delinquent.
For the majority of the loan portfolio, management uses information from its ongoing review processes to stratify the loan portfolio into pools sharing common risk characteristics. Loans that share common risk characteristics are assigned a portion of the allowance based on the assessment process described above. Credit exposures are categorized by type and assigned estimated amounts of inherent loss based on the processes described above.
Impaired loans are defined as commercial and commercial real estate loans (excluding leases) on non-accrual status. Impaired loans totaled approximately $1,268.7 million at September 30, 2008, compared to $660.4 million at December 31, 2007. The increase in impaired loans is consistent with the increase in non-performing loans, which is discussed in the “Non-Performing Assets” section of this report. All loans that management has identified as impaired, and that are greater than $2.5 million, are evaluated individually for purposes of determining appropriate allowances for loan losses. For these loans, Regions measures the level of impairment based on the present value of the estimated cash flows, the estimated value of the collateral or, if available, observable market prices. Specifically reviewed impaired loans totaled $768.8 million, and the allowance allocated to these loans totaled $132.6 million at September 30, 2008. This compared to $337.2 million of specifically reviewed impaired loans with allowance allocated to these loans of $58.7 million at December 31, 2007.
Except for specific allowances on certain impaired loans, no portion of the resulting allowance is restricted to any individual credits or group of credits. The remaining allowance is available to absorb losses from any and all loans.
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Management expects the allowance to vary over time due to changes in economic conditions, loan mix, management’s estimates or variations in other factors that may affect inherent losses.
Activity in the allowance for credit losses is summarized as follows:
Table 3—Allowance for Credit Losses
Nine months ended September 30 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Allowance for loan losses at January 1 | $ | 1,321,244 | $ | 1,055,953 | ||||
Loans charged-off: | ||||||||
Commercial | 144,146 | 61,875 | ||||||
Real estate—mortgage | 149,709 | 36,156 | ||||||
Real estate—construction | 259,976 | 15,962 | ||||||
Equity | 169,917 | 39,006 | ||||||
Indirect | 38,170 | 25,260 | ||||||
Other consumer | 56,961 | 59,538 | ||||||
818,879 | 237,797 | |||||||
Recoveries of loans previously charged-off: | ||||||||
Commercial | 16,951 | 23,264 | ||||||
Real estate—mortgage | 8,216 | 7,224 | ||||||
Real estate—construction | 2,126 | 1,451 | ||||||
Equity | 12,899 | 9,845 | ||||||
Indirect | 11,578 | 12,474 | ||||||
Other consumer | 16,016 | 20,489 | ||||||
67,786 | 74,747 | |||||||
Net charge-offs: | ||||||||
Commercial | 127,195 | 38,611 | ||||||
Real estate—mortgage | 141,493 | 28,932 | ||||||
Real estate—construction | 257,850 | 14,511 | ||||||
Equity | 157,018 | 29,161 | ||||||
Indirect | 26,592 | 12,786 | ||||||
Other consumer | 40,945 | 39,049 | ||||||
751,093 | 163,050 | |||||||
Allowance allocated to sold loans and loans transferred to loans held for sale | (5,010 | ) | (19,369 | ) | ||||
Provision for loan losses from continuing operations | 907,000 | 197,000 | ||||||
Provision for loan losses from discontinued operations | — | 182 | ||||||
Allowance for loan losses at September 30 | $ | 1,472,141 | $ | 1,070,716 | ||||
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments at January 1 | $ | 58,254 | $ | 51,835 | ||||
Provision for unfunded credit commitments | 15,968 | 4,003 | ||||||
Reserve for unfunded credit commitments at September 30 | $ | 74,222 | $ | 55,838 | ||||
Allowance for credit losses | $ | 1,546,363 | $ | 1,126,554 | ||||
Loans, net of unearned income, outstanding at end of period | $ | 98,711,810 | $ | 94,373,632 | ||||
Average loans, net of unearned income, outstanding for the period | $ | 97,086,631 | $ | 94,233,255 | ||||
Ratios: | ||||||||
Allowance for loan losses at end of period to loans, net of unearned income | 1.49 | % | 1.13 | % | ||||
Allowance for credit losses at end of period to loans, net of unearned income | 1.57 | 1.19 | ||||||
Net charge-offs as percentage of: | ||||||||
Average loans, net of unearned income | 1.03 | 0.23 | ||||||
Provision for loan losses | 82.81 | 82.69 | ||||||
Allowance for credit losses | 48.57 | 14.47 |
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NON-PERFORMING ASSETS
Non-performing assets are summarized as follows:
Table 4—Non-Performing Assets
(Dollars in thousands) | September 30 2008 | December 31 2007 | September 30 2007 | |||||||||
Non-performing loans: | ||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | 214,809 | $ | 92,029 | $ | 98,765 | ||||||
Real estate—mortgage | 668,677 | 334,888 | 142,686 | |||||||||
Real estate—construction | 554,777 | 310,052 | 247,679 | |||||||||
Home equity | 2,226 | 6,611 | 5,410 | |||||||||
Indirect | 15 | 9 | 1 | |||||||||
Other consumer | 119 | — | 152 | |||||||||
Total non-performing loans | 1,440,623 | 743,589 | 494,693 | |||||||||
Foreclosed properties | 201,345 | 120,465 | 93,649 | |||||||||
Total non-performing assets* excluding loans held for sale | 1,641,968 | 864,054 | 588,342 | |||||||||
Non-performing loans held for sale | 128,771 | — | 24,066 | |||||||||
Total non-performing assets* including loans held for sale | $ | 1,770,739 | $ | 864,054 | $ | 612,408 | ||||||
Non-performing loans, excluding loans held for sale, to loans, net of unearned income | 1.46 | % | 0.78 | % | 0.52 | % | ||||||
Non-performing assets* excluding loans held for sale to loans, net of unearned income, and foreclosed properties | 1.66 | % | 0.90 | % | 0.62 | % | ||||||
Non-performing assets* including loans held for sale to loans, net of unearned income, and foreclosed properties | 1.79 | % | 0.90 | % | 0.65 | % | ||||||
Accruing loans 90 days past due: | ||||||||||||
Commercial | $ | 10,330 | $ | 12,055 | $ | 15,879 | ||||||
Real estate—mortgage | 255,667 | 167,314 | 184,481 | |||||||||
Real estate—construction | 8,445 | 18,930 | 21,744 | |||||||||
Home equity | 172,894 | 146,809 | 99,085 | |||||||||
Indirect | 4,227 | 6,002 | 3,941 | |||||||||
Other consumer | 5,527 | 5,575 | 6,986 | |||||||||
$ | 457,090 | $ | 356,685 | $ | 332,116 | |||||||
Restructured loans not included in the categories above | $ | 138,688 | $ | — | $ | — |
* | Exclusive of accruing loans 90 days past due |
Total non-performing assets were $1,770.7 million at September 30, 2008 compared to $1,629.4 million at June 30, 2008 and $864.1 million at December 31, 2007. Excluding loans held for sale, non-performing assets at September 30, 2008 were $1,642.0 million and were essentially flat on a linked-quarter basis. The increase since year-end was primarily driven by commercial and commercial real estate loans, including the residential homebuilder portfolio, due to the widespread decline in residential property values. Of the $5.2 billion residential homebuilder portfolio, approximately $556.9 million is non-accruing and $7.2 million is 90 days past due as of September 30, 2008. During the third and second quarters of 2008, Regions disposed of or designated as held for sale approximately $430 million and $147 million, respectively, of loans and foreclosed properties.
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing increased $100.4 million from year-end 2007 levels, reflecting weaker economic conditions and general market deterioration. The increase was due primarily to increases in home equity and residential first mortgages—particularly in Florida, as well as commercial real estate loans being managed by the Special Assets Department and in the process of collection.
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Restructured loans at September 30, 2008 were primarily comprised of $111 million of 1-4 family mortgage loans and $26 million of home equity lines and loans.
At September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, Regions had approximately $479.0 million and $221.5 million, respectively, of potential problem commercial and commercial real estate loans that were not included in non-accrual loans or in the accruing loans 90 days past due categories, but for which management had concerns as to the ability of such borrowers to comply with their present loan repayment terms.
SECURITIES
The following table details the carrying values of securities:
Table 5—Securities
(In thousands) | September 30 2008 | December 31 2007 | September 30 2007 | ||||||
U.S. Treasury securities | $ | 827,724 | $ | 964,647 | $ | 277,345 | |||
Federal agency securities | 1,791,292 | 3,329,656 | 3,283,116 | ||||||
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 862,812 | 732,367 | 729,401 | ||||||
Mortgage-backed securities | 13,005,029 | 11,092,758 | 11,374,198 | ||||||
Other debt securities | 20,540 | 45,108 | 431,606 | ||||||
Equity securities | 1,176,009 | 1,204,473 | 910,970 | ||||||
$ | 17,683,406 | $ | 17,369,009 | $ | 17,006,636 | ||||
Securities totaled $17.7 billion at September 30, 2008, an increase of approximately $314.4 million from year-end 2007 levels. During 2008, maturities of federal agency securities have been reinvested in mortgage-backed securities. Securities available for sale, which comprise nearly all of the securities portfolio, are an important tool used to manage interest rate sensitivity and provide a primary source of liquidity for the Company (see INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY,Exposure to Interest Rate Movementsand LIQUIDITY).
During late 2007, Regions invested approximately $130 million in two open-end mutual funds managed by Morgan Keegan. Regions accounts for these investments using the equity method. At September 30, 2008, total assets of these funds were approximately $41.7 million. Regions’ investment in the funds was approximately $11.5 million at September 30, 2008 and is included in other assets. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, Regions recognized losses associated with these investments of approximately $46.6 million, which is included in other non-interest expense.
OTHER INTEREST-EARNING ASSETS
All other interest-earning assets increased approximately $139.0 million from year-end 2007 to September 30, 2008. Increases in loans held for sale and trading account assets more than offset decreases in federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell.
GOODWILL
Goodwill totaled $11.5 billion at September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007. See Note 7 for a detail of goodwill allocated to each reportable segment and discussion of goodwill impairment testing.
MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS
A summary of mortgage servicing rights is presented in Table 6. The balances shown represent the right to service mortgage loans that are owned by other investors and include the original amounts capitalized, less
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accumulated amortization and the valuation allowance. The carrying values of mortgage servicing rights are affected by various factors, including estimated prepayments of the underlying mortgages. A significant change in prepayments of mortgages in the servicing portfolio could result in significant changes in the valuation adjustments, thus creating potential volatility in the carrying amount of mortgage servicing rights. During the second quarter of 2008, a $14.9 million loss (including transaction costs) was recognized on the sale of a $3.4 billion GNMA mortgage servicing rights portfolio. During the first nine months of 2008 and 2007, non-interest expense benefited $14.0 million and $17.0 million, respectively, as a result of mortgage servicing rights impairment recapture.
Table 6—Mortgage Servicing Rights
Nine months ended September 30 | ||||||||
(In thousands) | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||
Balance at beginning of year | $ | 368,654 | $ | 416,217 | ||||
Amounts capitalized | 33,128 | 43,065 | ||||||
Sale of servicing assets | (58,620 | ) | — | |||||
Amortization | (59,230 | ) | (57,735 | ) | ||||
283,932 | 401,547 | |||||||
Valuation allowance | (20,794 | ) | (24,346 | ) | ||||
Balance at end of period | $ | 263,138 | $ | 377,201 | ||||
DEPOSITS
Regions competes with other banking and financial services companies for a share of the deposit market. Regions’ ability to compete in the deposit market depends heavily on the pricing of its deposits and how effectively the Company meets customers’ needs. Regions employs various means to meet those needs and enhance competitiveness, such as providing a high level of customer service, competitive pricing and expanding the traditional branch network to provide convenient branch locations for its customers. Regions also serves customers through providing centralized, high-quality telephone banking services and alternative product delivery channels such as internet banking.
The following table summarizes deposits by category:
Table 7—Deposits
(In thousands) | September 30 2008 | December 31 2007 | September 30 2007 | ||||||
Non-interest-bearing demand deposits | $ | 18,044,840 | $ | 18,417,266 | $ | 18,834,856 | |||
Savings accounts | 3,708,541 | 3,646,632 | 3,692,087 | ||||||
Interest-bearing transaction accounts | 14,616,324 | 15,846,139 | 15,208,224 | ||||||
Money market accounts | 17,098,015 | 18,934,309 | 19,694,280 | ||||||
Time deposits | 30,410,918 | 29,298,845 | 27,744,789 | ||||||
Foreign deposits | 5,341,910 | 8,631,777 | 8,265,694 | ||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 71,175,708 | 76,357,702 | 74,605,074 | ||||||
$ | 89,220,548 | $ | 94,774,968 | $ | 93,439,930 | ||||
Total deposits at September 30, 2008, decreased approximately $5.6 billion compared to year-end 2007 levels. One driver for the decrease was a shift out of foreign deposits (which Regions uses as a source of short-term wholesale funding) and into short-term borrowings to access the most cost-effective funding. Increases in
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savings and time deposits were offset by decreases in non-interest bearing demand, interest-bearing transaction and money market accounts. Deposit disintermediation through a flight to quality, such as Treasury securities, is putting pressure on bank deposits industry-wide. In the third quarter of 2008, Regions also experienced substantial pricing pressure from both community banks and some larger competitors.
During the third quarter of 2008, Regions, in an FDIC-assisted transaction, assumed approximately $900 million of deposits from Integrity Bank in Alpharetta, Georgia.
SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS
The following is a summary of short-term borrowings:
Table 8—Short-Term Borrowings
(In thousands) | September 30 2008 | December 31 2007 | September 30 2007 | ||||||
Federal funds purchased | $ | 5,775,767 | $ | 5,182,649 | $ | 5,106,078 | |||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 4,651,238 | 3,637,586 | 2,957,661 | ||||||
Term Auction Facility | 3,000,000 | — | — | ||||||
Treasury, tax and loan notes | 1,204,769 | 1,150,000 | 50,000 | ||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 1,500,000 | 100,000 | 350,000 | ||||||
Brokerage customers liabilities | 465,282 | 505,487 | 552,900 | ||||||
Short-sale liability | 331,637 | 217,355 | 539,395 | ||||||
Other short-term borrowings | 612,865 | 327,045 | 235,051 | ||||||
$ | 17,541,558 | $ | 11,120,122 | $ | 9,791,085 | ||||
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase totaled $10.4 billion at September 30, 2008, compared to $8.8 billion at year-end 2007. The level of federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase can fluctuate significantly on a day-to-day basis, depending on funding needs and which sources of funds are used to satisfy those needs.
Short-term borrowings increased due to increased loan demand and a general decrease in deposits. The Company utilized short-term borrowings through participation in the Federal Reserve’s Term Auction Facility (“TAF”) and the issuance of Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances and senior bank notes. In addition, subsequent to September 30, 2008, Regions secured the following funding through the TAF: $7 billion at a rate of 1.39% that matures in January 2009, and $3 billion at a rate of 1.11% that matures in November 2008. These fundings were utilized primarily to repay other short-term borrowings.
The TAF was designed to address pressures in short-term funding markets. Under the TAF, the Federal Reserve auctions term funds to depository institutions with maturities of 28 or 84 days. All depository institutions that are eligible to borrow under the primary credit program are eligible to participate in TAF auctions. All advances are fully collateralized using collateral values and margins applicable for other Federal Reserve lending programs.
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LONG-TERM BORROWINGS
Long-term borrowings are summarized as follows:
Table 9—Long-Term Borrowings
(In thousands) | September 30 2008 | December 31 2007 | September 30 2007 | ||||||
Federal Home Loan Bank structured advances | $ | 1,730,791 | $ | 1,662,898 | $ | 1,765,230 | |||
Other Federal Home Loan Bank advances | 5,219,005 | 2,119,318 | 1,769,047 | ||||||
6.375% subordinated notes due 2012 | 597,786 | 597,343 | 597,196 | ||||||
7.75% subordinated notes due 2011 | 525,876 | 533,912 | 537,774 | ||||||
7.00% subordinated notes due 2011 | 499,395 | 499,227 | 498,023 | ||||||
7.375% subordinated notes due 2037 | 300,000 | 300,000 | — | ||||||
7.50% subordinated notes due 2018 (Regions Bank) | 749,394 | — | — | ||||||
6.45% subordinated notes due 2037 (Regions Bank) | 497,216 | 497,191 | 497,183 | ||||||
4.85% subordinated notes due 2013 (Regions Bank) | 489,251 | 487,696 | 487,192 | ||||||
5.20% subordinated notes due 2015 (Regions Bank) | 345,087 | 344,523 | 344,336 | ||||||
6.45% subordinated notes due 2018 (Regions Bank) | — | 321,657 | 322,058 | ||||||
6.50% subordinated notes due 2018 (Regions Bank) | — | 311,439 | 311,740 | ||||||
6.125% subordinated notes due 2009 | 175,627 | 176,722 | 177,078 | ||||||
6.75% subordinated debentures due 2025 | 163,501 | 163,840 | 163,950 | ||||||
7.75% subordinated notes due 2024 | 100,000 | 100,000 | 100,000 | ||||||
Senior bank notes | — | — | 100,000 | ||||||
4.375% senior notes due 2010 | 494,140 | 492,104 | 491,419 | ||||||
LIBOR floating rate senior notes due 2012 | 350,000 | 350,000 | 350,000 | ||||||
LIBOR floating rate senior notes due 2009 | 249,981 | 249,963 | 249,952 | ||||||
LIBOR floating rate senior debt notes due 2008 | — | 399,762 | 399,667 | ||||||
4.50% senior debt notes due 2008 | — | 349,694 | 349,572 | ||||||
6.625% junior subordinated notes due 2047 | 699,814 | 699,814 | 699,814 | ||||||
8.875% junior subordinated notes due 2048 | 345,010 | — | — | ||||||
Other long-term debt | 497,952 | 545,298 | 565,367 | ||||||
Valuation adjustments on hedged long-term debt | 138,698 | 122,389 | 40,893 | ||||||
$ | 14,168,524 | 11,324,790 | $ | 10,817,491 | |||||
Long-term borrowings increased $2.8 billion since year-end 2007 due primarily to increases in FHLB advances of $3.2 billion and $1.1 billion of new subordinated notes, including junior subordinated notes. This total increase was offset by the redemption of approximately $630 million in subordinated notes during the first quarter of 2008, resulting in a $65.4 million loss on early extinguishment of debt (see Table 19 “Non-Interest Expense (Including Non-GAAP Reconciliation)”), and the maturity of approximately $750 million of senior debt notes during the third quarter of 2008.
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Stockholders’ equity was $19.7 billion at September 30, 2008, compared to $19.8 billion at December 31, 2007. During the first nine months of 2008, net income added $622.5 million to stockholders’ equity, cash dividends declared reduced equity by $599.4 million, and changes in accumulated other comprehensive income decreased equity by $132.8 million. Additionally, an adjustment related to Regions stock maintained within trust or brokerage accounts tied to Company deferred compensation plans was recorded in the third quarter of 2008, which reduced stockholders’ equity by $52.9 million.
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Regions’ ratio of stockholders’ equity to total assets was 13.66% at September 30, 2008, compared to 14.05% at December 31, 2007. Regions’ ratio of tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets was 5.69% at September 30, 2008, compared to 5.88% at December 31, 2007.
At September 30, 2008, Regions had 23.1 million common shares available for repurchase through open market transactions under an existing share repurchase authorization. There were no treasury stock purchases through open market transactions during the first nine months of 2008. The Company, like many other financial institutions, is in a capital conservation mode and does not expect to repurchase shares in the near term.
The Board of Directors declared a $0.10 cash dividend for the fourth quarter of 2008, compared to a $0.10 cash dividend declared for the third quarter of 2008 and a $0.36 cash dividend declared for the third quarter of 2007.
On October 3, 2008, President Bush signed into law the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. The legislation was the result of a proposal by Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson to the U.S. Congress on September 20, 2008 in response to the financial crises affecting the banking system. The U.S. Treasury and banking regulators are implementing a number of programs under this legislation to address capital and liquidity issues in the banking system. Regions has received preliminary approval from the U.S. Treasury Department, subject to standard closing conditions, for the investment of $3.5 billion in Regions preferred stock. The investment is part of the U. S. Treasury’s Capital Purchase Program, designed to restore confidence in our nation’s financial system, increase the flow of credit to consumers and businesses, and provide additional assistance to distressed homeowners facing foreclosure. Regions will pay the government a 5% dividend, or $175 million annually, for each of the first five years of the investment, and 9% thereafter unless Regions redeems the shares. The government also will receive 10-year warrants for common stock.
REGULATORY CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS
Regions and Regions Bank are required to comply with capital adequacy standards established by banking regulatory agencies. Currently, there are two basic measures of capital adequacy: a risk-based measure and a leverage measure.
The risk-based capital standards are designed to make regulatory capital requirements more sensitive to differences in credit risk profiles among banks and bank holding companies, to account for off-balance sheet exposure and interest rate risk, and to minimize disincentives for holding liquid assets. Assets and off-balance sheet items are assigned to broad risk categories, each with specified risk-weighting factors. The resulting capital ratios represent capital as a percentage of total risk-weighted assets and off-balance sheet items. Banking organizations that are considered to have excessive interest rate risk exposure are required to maintain higher levels of capital.
The minimum standard for the ratio of total capital to risk-weighted assets is 8%. At least 50% of that capital level must consist of common equity, undivided profits and non-cumulative perpetual preferred stock, less goodwill and certain other intangibles (“Tier 1 Capital”). The remainder (“Tier 2 Capital”) may consist of a limited amount of other preferred stock, mandatory convertible securities, subordinated debt, and a limited amount of the allowance for loan losses. The sum of Tier 1 Capital and Tier 2 Capital is “total risk-based capital” or total capital.
The banking regulatory agencies also have adopted regulations that supplement the risk-based guidelines to include a minimum ratio of 3% of Tier 1 Capital to average assets less goodwill (the “Leverage ratio”). Depending upon the risk profile of the institution and other factors, the regulatory agencies may require a Leverage ratio of 1% to 2% above the minimum 3% level.
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The following chart summarizes the applicable bank regulatory capital requirements. Regions’ capital ratios at September 30, 2008, December 31, 2007 and September 30, 2007 substantially exceeded all regulatory requirements.
Table 10—Regulatory Capital Requirements
September 30, 2008 Ratio | December 31, 2007 Ratio | September 30, 2007 Ratio | To Be Well Capitalized | |||||||||
Tier 1 Capital: | ||||||||||||
Regions Financial Corporation | 7.47 | % | 7.29 | % | 7.73 | % | 6.00 | % | ||||
Regions Bank | 8.51 | 8.65 | 9.53 | 6.00 | ||||||||
Total Capital: | ||||||||||||
Regions Financial Corporation | 11.70 | % | 11.25 | % | 11.30 | % | 10.00 | % | ||||
Regions Bank | 11.63 | 11.20 | 11.90 | 10.00 | ||||||||
Leverage: | ||||||||||||
Regions Financial Corporation | 6.67 | % | �� | 6.66 | % | 7.02 | % | 5.00 | % | |||
Regions Bank | 7.67 | 7.94 | 8.70 | 5.00 |
LIQUIDITY
GENERAL
Liquidity is an important factor in the financial condition of Regions and affects Regions’ ability to meet the borrowing needs and deposit withdrawal requirements of its customers. Assets, consisting principally of loans and securities, are funded by customer deposits, purchased funds, borrowed funds and stockholders’ equity. The challenges of the current market environment demonstrate the importance of having and using various sources of liquidity to satisfy the Company’s funding requirements. See Note 9 “Commitments and Contingencies” to the consolidated financial statements for additional discussion of the Company’s funding requirements.
The securities portfolio is one of Regions’ primary sources of liquidity. Maturities of securities provide a constant flow of funds available for cash needs. Maturities in the loan portfolio also provide a steady flow of funds. Additional funds are provided from payments on consumer loans and one-to-four family residential mortgage loans. Historically, Regions’ high levels of earnings have also contributed to cash flow. In addition, liquidity needs can be met by the borrowing of funds in state and national money markets. Historically, Regions’ liquidity has been enhanced by its relatively stable deposit base. During 2008, deposit disintermediation through a flight to quality, such as Treasury securities, and increased pricing competition from community banks and some large competitors has led to a reduction in deposits.
Regions’ financing arrangement with the FHLB adds additional flexibility in managing its liquidity position. The FHLB has been and is expected to continue to be a reliable and economical source of funding. As of the filing date of this report, Regions’ additional borrowing capacity from the FHLB was approximately $474 million.
In May 2007, Regions filed a shelf registration statement, which allows for the issuance of an indeterminate amount of various debt and/or equity securities, and does not have a limit on the amount of securities that can be issued. In particular, Regions has the capacity to issue approximately $1.2 billion of qualifying trust preferred securities to meet its liquidity needs. However, investor demand for this type of capital has ceased in the current market environment.
In addition, Regions Bank has the requisite agreements in place with remaining capacity to issue and sell up to $3.75 billion of bank notes to institutional investors through placement agents as of September 30, 2008. The
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issuance of additional bank notes could provide a significant source of liquidity and funding to meet future needs. Investor demand for bank notes has ceased in the current market environment. However, the new Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program (“TLGP”) recently enacted by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), which is discussed later in this section, could regenerate demand for bank notes.
As of September 30, 2008, based on assets available for collateral as of this date, Regions can borrow a maximum of $17.6 billion with terms of less than 29 days, or $13.2 billion with terms of greater than 29 days, from the Federal Reserve Bank through its discount window and/or the TAF program. Subsequent to September 30, 2008, Regions secured the following funding through the TAF: $7 billion at a rate of 1.39% that matures in January 2009 (84 days), and $3 billion at a rate of 1.11% that matures in November 2008 (28 days). Future fundings under commitments to extend credit would increase Regions’ borrowing capacity under these programs.
In October 2008, the FDIC announced a new program—the TLGP—to strengthen confidence and encourage liquidity in the banking system by guaranteeing newly issued senior unsecured debt of banks, thrifts, and certain holding companies, and by providing full coverage of non-interest bearing deposit transaction accounts, regardless of dollar amount. Under the current interim rules, certain newly issued senior unsecured debt issued on or before June 30, 2009, would be fully protected in the event the issuing institution subsequently fails, or its holding company files for bankruptcy. The guarantee is limited to 125% of senior unsecured debt as of September 30, 2008 that is scheduled to mature before June 30, 2009. This includes federal funds purchased, promissory notes, commercial paper, inter-bank funding, and any unsecured portion of secured debt. Coverage would be limited to June 30, 2012, even if the maturity exceeds that date. Participants will have the option to issue non-guaranteed senior unsecured debt for a non-refundable fee of 37.5 basis points, provided that the debt has a term greater than three years. Participants will be charged a 75-basis point fee to protect their new debt issues (amounts paid as a non-refundable fee will be applied to offset this 75-basis point fee until the non-refundable fee is exhausted). Based on the current interim rules, Regions can issue between approximately $7.5 billion and $7.8 billion of qualifying senior debt securities covered by the TLGP.
See the “Stockholders’ Equity” section of this report for discussion of the Capital Purchase Program, which also provides a significant source of liquidity to Regions.
Morgan Keegan maintains certain lines of credit with unaffiliated banks to manage liquidity in the ordinary course of business.
RATINGS
The table below reflects the most recent debt ratings of Regions Financial Corporation and Regions Bank by Standard & Poor’s Corporation, Moody’s Investors Service, Fitch IBCA and Dominion Bond Rating Service:
Table 11—Credit Ratings
Standard & Poor’s | Moody’s | Fitch | Dominion | |||||
Regions Financial Corporation | ||||||||
Senior notes | A | A2 | A+ | AH | ||||
Subordinated notes | A- | A3 | A | A | ||||
Junior subordinated notes | BBB+ | A3 | A | A | ||||
Regions Bank | ||||||||
Short-term certificates of deposit | A-1 | P-1 | F1 | R-1M | ||||
Short-term debt | A-1 | P-1 | F1 | R-1M | ||||
Long-term certificates of deposit | A+ | A1 | AA- | AAL | ||||
Long-term debt | A+ | A1 | A+ | AAL | ||||
Subordinated debt | A | A2 | A | AH |
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Table reflects ratings as of September 30, 2008.
A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities, and the ratings above are subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating agency. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.
OPERATING RESULTS
The table below presents computations of earnings and certain other financial measures excluding discontinued operations and merger charges (“non-GAAP”). Merger charges are included in financial results presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). Regions believes the exclusion of merger charges in expressing earnings and certain other financial measures, including “earnings per share from continuing operations, excluding merger charges” and “return on average tangible equity, excluding discontinued operations and merger charges” provides a meaningful base for period-to-period and company-to-company comparisons, which management believes will assist investors in analyzing the operating results of the Company and predicting future performance. These non-GAAP financial measures are also used by management to assess the performance of Regions’ business, because management does not consider merger charges to be relevant to ongoing operating results. Management and the Board of Directors utilize these non-GAAP financial measures as follows:
• | Preparation of Regions’ operating budgets |
• | Calculation of performance-based annual incentive bonuses for executives |
• | Calculation of performance-based multi-year incentive bonuses for executives |
• | Monthly financial performance reporting, including segment reporting |
• | Monthly close-out “flash” reporting of consolidated results (management only) |
• | Presentations to investors of Company performance |
Regions believes that presenting these non-GAAP financial measures will permit investors to assess the performance of the Company on the same basis as that applied by management and the Board of Directors.
Non-GAAP financial measures have inherent limitations, are not required to be uniformly applied and are not audited. To mitigate these limitations, Regions has policies in place to address expenses that qualify as merger charges and procedures in place to approve and segregate merger charges from other normal operating expenses to ensure that the Company’s operating results are properly reflected for period-to-period comparisons. Although these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by stakeholders in the evaluation of a company, they have limitations as analytical tools, and should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for analyses of results as reported under GAAP. In particular, a measure of earnings that excludes merger charges does not represent the amount that effectively accrues to stockholders’ equity (i.e., merger charges are a reduction to earnings and stockholders’ equity).
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See table below for computations of earnings and certain other GAAP financial measures and the corresponding reconciliation to non-GAAP financial measures, which exclude discontinued operations and merger charges for the periods presented. The third quarter of 2008 is the final quarter for merger charges related to the AmSouth Bancorporation acquisition.
Table 12—GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation
Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data) | 2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||
INCOME | ||||||||||||||||||
Income from continuing operations (GAAP) | $ | 90,358 | $ | 394,240 | $ | 633,714 | $ | 1,322,048 | ||||||||||
Loss from discontinued operations, net of tax (GAAP) | (10,897 | ) | (76 | ) | (11,192 | ) | (141,594 | ) | ||||||||||
Net income (GAAP) | A | $ | 79,461 | $ | 394,164 | $ | 622,522 | $ | 1,180,454 | |||||||||
Income from continuing operations (GAAP) | $ | 90,358 | $ | 394,240 | $ | 633,714 | $ | 1,322,048 | ||||||||||
Merger-related charges, pre-tax | ||||||||||||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | 24,515 | 14,811 | 133,401 | 61,389 | ||||||||||||||
Net occupancy expense | — | 21,428 | 3,331 | 29,943 | ||||||||||||||
Furniture and equipment expense | — | 1,942 | 4,985 | 3,179 | ||||||||||||||
Other | — | 53,604 | 58,454 | 106,194 | ||||||||||||||
Total merger-related charges, pre-tax | 24,515 | 91,785 | 200,171 | 200,705 | ||||||||||||||
Merger-related charges, net of tax | 15,200 | 56,501 | 124,106 | 124,032 | ||||||||||||||
Income excluding discontinued operations and merger charges (non-GAAP) | B | $ | 105,558 | $ | 450,741 | $ | 757,820 | $ | 1,446,080 | |||||||||
Weighted-average diluted shares | C | 696,205 | 704,485 | 696,034 | 718,084 | |||||||||||||
Earnings per share—diluted (GAAP) | A/C | $ | 0.11 | $ | 0.56 | $ | 0.89 | $ | 1.64 | |||||||||
Earnings per share, excluding discontinued operations and merger charges—diluted (non-GAAP) | B/C | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.64 | $ | 1.09 | $ | 2.01 | |||||||||
RETURN ON AVERAGE TANGIBLE EQUITY | ||||||||||||||||||
Average equity (GAAP) | D | $ | 19,713,468 | $ | 19,793,123 | $ | 19,779,608 | $ | 20,092,961 | |||||||||
Average intangible assets (GAAP) | $ | 12,194,962 | $ | 12,026,887 | $ | 12,223,590 | $ | 12,096,061 | ||||||||||
Average tangible equity | E | $ | 7,518,506 | $ | 7,766,236 | $ | 7,556,018 | $ | 7,996,900 | |||||||||
Average equity, excluding discontinued operations | F | $ | 19,713,468 | $ | 19,793,123 | $ | 19,779,608 | $ | 20,062,027 | |||||||||
Average intangible assets, excluding discontinued operations | 12,194,962 | 12,026,887 | 12,223,590 | 12,096,061 | ||||||||||||||
Average tangible equity, excluding discontinued operations | G | $ | 7,518,506 | $ | 7,766,236 | $ | 7,556,018 | $ | 7,965,966 | |||||||||
Return on average tangible equity* | A/E | 4.20 | % | 20.14 | % | 11.01 | % | 19.74 | % | |||||||||
Return on average tangible equity, excluding discontinued operations and merger charges (non-GAAP)* | B/G | 5.59 | % | 23.03 | % | 13.40 | % | 24.27 | % | |||||||||
* | Income statement amounts have been annualized in calculation. |
Annualized return on average stockholders’ equity for the third quarter of 2008 was 1.60% compared to 7.90% for the same period in 2007. Annualized return on average stockholders’ equity for the first nine months of 2008 was 4.20% compared to 7.85% for the same period in 2007. Annualized return on average assets for the three months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007 was 0.22% and 1.14%, respectively. Annualized return on average assets for the first nine months of 2008 and 2007 was 0.58% and 1.14%, respectively.
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NET INTEREST INCOME
The following table presents an analysis of net interest income/margin for the three months ended September 30:
Table 13—Consolidated Average Daily Balances and Yield/Rate Analysis
Three Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands; yields on taxable-equivalent basis) | Average Balance | Income/ Expense | Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Income/ Expense | Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks | $ | 45,059 | $ | 151 | 1.33 | % | $ | 51,740 | $ | 515 | 3.95 | % | ||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell | 1,062,198 | 7,746 | 2.90 | 1,141,666 | 18,154 | 6.31 | ||||||||||||||
Trading account assets | 1,285,122 | 10,914 | 3.38 | 1,213,485 | 10,385 | 3.40 | ||||||||||||||
Securities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Taxable | 16,962,182 | 207,903 | 4.88 | 16,545,332 | 210,932 | 5.06 | ||||||||||||||
Tax-exempt | 767,277 | 16,627 | 8.62 | 722,663 | 15,235 | 8.36 | ||||||||||||||
Loans held for sale | 563,015 | 8,514 | 6.02 | 779,918 | 12,302 | 6.26 | ||||||||||||||
Margin receivables | 536,681 | 4,776 | 3.54 | 521,497 | 8,754 | 6.66 | ||||||||||||||
Loans, net of unearned income(1)(2)(3) | 98,333,257 | 1,320,771 | 5.34 | 94,309,811 | 1,743,636 | 7.34 | ||||||||||||||
Total interest-earning assets | 119,554,791 | 1,577,402 | 5.25 | 115,286,112 | 2,019,913 | 6.95 | ||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses | (1,490,838 | ) | (1,062,432 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 2,420,550 | 2,751,656 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other non-earning assets | 22,756,459 | 19,901,093 | ||||||||||||||||||
$ | 143,240,962 | $ | 136,876,429 | |||||||||||||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Savings accounts | $ | 3,774,330 | 1,010 | 0.11 | $ | 3,756,311 | 2,795 | 0.30 | ||||||||||||
Interest-bearing transaction accounts | 14,830,665 | 28,529 | 0.77 | 15,268,807 | 79,618 | 2.07 | ||||||||||||||
Money market accounts | 17,534,433 | 70,589 | 1.60 | 19,883,326 | 169,606 | 3.38 | ||||||||||||||
Time deposits | 30,167,854 | 272,975 | 3.60 | 28,713,151 | 331,619 | 4.58 | ||||||||||||||
Foreign deposits | 4,592,450 | 18,168 | 1.57 | 7,466,762 | 89,947 | 4.78 | ||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 70,899,732 | 391,271 | 2.20 | 75,088,357 | 673,585 | 3.56 | ||||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 9,906,410 | 51,597 | 2.07 | 8,121,636 | 98,522 | 4.81 | ||||||||||||||
Other short-term borrowings | 8,015,486 | 50,038 | 2.48 | 1,598,989 | 16,570 | 4.11 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term borrowings | 13,363,762 | 153,894 | 4.58 | 10,085,073 | 144,662 | 5.69 | ||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 102,185,390 | 646,800 | 2.52 | 94,894,055 | 933,339 | 3.90 | ||||||||||||||
Net interest spread | 2.73 | 3.05 | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-interest-bearing deposits | 17,690,915 | 18,850,607 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities | 3,651,189 | 3,338,644 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity | 19,713,468 | 19,793,123 | ||||||||||||||||||
$ | 143,240,962 | $ | 136,876,429 | |||||||||||||||||
Net interest income/margin on a taxable-equivalent basis(3) | $ | 930,602 | 3.10 | % | $ | 1,086,574 | 3.74 | % | ||||||||||||
Notes:
(1) | Loans, net of unearned income include non-accrual loans for all periods presented. |
(2) | Interest income includes net loan fees of $7,751,000 and $15,093,000 for the quarters ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. |
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(3) | Interest income on loans for the three months ended September 30, 2008 includes ($43.1) million for the impact of a leveraged lease tax settlement. The yield on loans adjusted to exclude the settlement would be 5.52%. The impact of the settlement reduced net interest margin by 14 basis points. |
(4) | The computation of taxable-equivalent net interest income is based on the stautory federal income tax rate of 35%, adjusted for applicable state income taxes net of the related federal tax benefit. |
The following table presents an analysis of net interest income/margin for the nine months ended September 30 and includes discontinued operations:
Table 14—Consolidated Average Daily Balances and Yield/Rate Analysis Including Discontinued Operations
Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands; yields on taxable-equivalent basis) | Average Balance | Income/ Expense | Yield/ Rate | Average Balance | Income/ Expense | Yield/ Rate | ||||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-earning assets: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing deposits in other banks | $ | 51,999 | $ | 935 | 2.40 | % | $ | 57,237 | $ | 2,343 | 5.47 | % | ||||||||
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell | 1,052,745 | 31,481 | 3.99 | 1,109,718 | 51,689 | 6.23 | ||||||||||||||
Trading account assets | 1,421,895 | 39,016 | 3.67 | 1,413,882 | 42,259 | 4.00 | ||||||||||||||
Securities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Taxable | 16,835,535 | 616,154 | 4.89 | 17,175,282 | 653,374 | 5.09 | ||||||||||||||
Tax-exempt | 738,264 | 46,713 | 8.45 | 741,012 | 48,452 | 8.74 | ||||||||||||||
Loans held for sale | 611,101 | 27,110 | 5.93 | 1,833,863 | 100,861 | 7.35 | ||||||||||||||
Loans held for sale—divestitures | — | — | — | 379,302 | 21,520 | 7.59 | ||||||||||||||
Margin receivables | 568,124 | 17,100 | 4.02 | 536,021 | 27,653 | 6.90 | ||||||||||||||
Loans, net of unearned income(1)(2)(3) | 97,086,631 | 4,231,177 | 5.82 | 94,233,255 | 5,224,248 | 7.41 | ||||||||||||||
Total interest-earning assets | 118,366,294 | 5,009,686 | 5.65 | 117,479,572 | 6,172,399 | 7.02 | ||||||||||||||
Allowance for loan losses | (1,398,405 | ) | (1,060,347 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash and due from banks | 2,530,118 | 2,854,408 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other non-earning assets | 23,063,405 | 19,500,636 | ||||||||||||||||||
$ | 142,561,412 | $ | 138,774,269 | |||||||||||||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing liabilities: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Savings accounts | $ | 3,761,329 | 3,278 | 0.12 | $ | 3,840,451 | 8,643 | 0.30 | ||||||||||||
Interest-bearing transaction accounts | 15,280,788 | 107,111 | 0.94 | 15,729,996 | 247,296 | 2.10 | ||||||||||||||
Money market accounts | 18,214,481 | 238,276 | 1.75 | 19,510,995 | 488,612 | 3.35 | ||||||||||||||
Time deposits | 29,892,359 | 881,237 | 3.94 | 30,292,269 | 1,027,199 | 4.53 | ||||||||||||||
Foreign deposits | 5,408,096 | 86,710 | 2.14 | 7,162,517 | 254,442 | 4.75 | ||||||||||||||
Interest-bearing deposits—divestitures | — | — | — | 500,276 | 12,091 | 3.23 | ||||||||||||||
�� | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing deposits | 72,557,053 | 1,316,612 | 2.42 | 77,036,504 | 2,038,283 | 3.54 | ||||||||||||||
Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase | 8,785,048 | 158,890 | 2.42 | 7,919,188 | 285,285 | 4.82 | ||||||||||||||
Other short-term borrowings | 6,838,507 | 141,047 | 2.76 | 2,018,881 | 67,105 | 4.44 | ||||||||||||||
Long-term borrowings | 12,650,400 | 446,529 | 4.71 | 9,240,605 | 395,668 | 5.72 | ||||||||||||||
Total interest-bearing liabilities | 100,831,008 | 2,063,078 | 2.73 | 96,215,178 | 2,786,341 | 3.87 | ||||||||||||||
Net interest spread | 2.92 | 3.15 | ||||||||||||||||||
Non-interest-bearing deposits | 17,702,455 | 19,256,294 | ||||||||||||||||||
Other liabilities | 4,248,341 | 3,209,836 | ||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders’ equity | 19,779,608 | 20,092,961 | ||||||||||||||||||
$ | 142,561,412 | $ | 138,774,269 | |||||||||||||||||
Net interest income/margin on a taxable-equivalent basis (3) | $ | 2,946,608 | 3.33 | % | $ | 3,386,058 | 3.85 | % | ||||||||||||
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Notes:
(1) | Loans, net of unearned income include non-accrual loans for all periods presented. |
(2) | Interest income includes net loan fees of $26,196,000 and $56,501,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2007, respectively. |
(3) | Interest income on loans for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 includes ($43.1) million for the impact of a leveraged lease tax settlement. The yield on loans adjusted to exclude the settlement would be 5.88%. The impact of the settlement reduced net interest margin by 5 basis points. |
(4) | The computation of taxable-equivalent net interest income is based on the stautory federal income tax rate of 35%, adjusted for applicable state income taxes net of the related federal tax benefit. |
For the third quarter of 2008, net interest income (taxable-equivalent basis) totaled $0.931 billion compared to $1.087 billion in the third quarter of 2007. The net interest margin (taxable-equivalent basis) was 3.10% in the third quarter of 2008, compared to 3.74% during the third quarter of 2007. A $43 million charge related to a leveraged lease tax settlement during the third quarter of 2008 accounted for 14 basis points of the reduction. A related $19 million tax benefit is reflected in income tax expense. The remaining change in the net interest margin is attributable to several conditions, including the continued pressure of a negative shift in the deposit mix. In particular, Regions’ net interest margin has been recently affected by deposit disintermediation and pricing pressure, as an industry-wide flight to quality to assets such as Treasury securities weighed on bank deposits. Additionally, the impact of recent yield curve movements (including Federal Reserve interest rate reductions during 2008) and higher non-performing asset levels negatively impacted the net interest margin. The issuances of $750 million of subordinated debt and $345 million of junior subordinated debt during the second quarter of 2008 further pressured the net interest margin.
MARKET RISK
Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in the fair value of financial instruments due to changes in interest rates, exchange rates, commodity prices, equity prices or the credit quality of debt securities.
INTEREST RATE SENSITIVITY
Regions’ primary market risk is interest rate risk, including uncertainty with respect to absolute interest rate levels as well as uncertainty with respect to relative interest rate levels, which is impacted by both the shape and the slope of the various yield curves that affect the financial products and services that the Company offers. To quantify this risk, Regions measures the change in its net interest income in various interest rate scenarios compared to a base case scenario. Net interest income sensitivity is a useful short-term indicator of Regions’ interest rate risk.
Sensitivity Measurement—Financial simulation models are Regions’ primary tools used to measure interest rate exposure. Using a wide range of sophisticated simulation techniques provides management with extensive information on the potential impact to net interest income caused by changes in interest rates. Models are structured to simulate cash flows and accrual characteristics of Regions’ balance sheet. Assumptions are made about the direction and volatility of interest rates, the slope of the yield curve, and the changing composition of the balance sheet that result from both strategic plans and from customer behavior. Among the assumptions are expectations of balance sheet growth and composition, the pricing and maturity characteristics of existing business and the characteristics of future business. Interest rate-related risks are expressly considered, such as pricing spreads, the lag time in pricing administered rate accounts, prepayments and other option risks. Regions considers these factors, as well as the degree of certainty or uncertainty surrounding their future behavior. Financial derivative instruments are used in hedging the values and cash flows of selected assets and liabilities against changes in interest rates. The effect of these hedges is included in the simulations of net interest income.
The primary objective of asset/liability management at Regions is to coordinate balance sheet composition with interest rate risk management to sustain a reasonable and stable net interest income throughout various interest rate cycles. A standard set of alternate interest rate scenarios is compared to the results of the base case
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scenario to determine the extent of potential fluctuations and to establish exposure limits. The standard set of interest rate scenarios includes the traditional instantaneous parallel rate shifts of plus and minus 100 and 200 basis points. In addition, Regions includes simulations of gradual interest rate movements that may more realistically mimic potential interest rate movements. The gradual scenarios include curve steepening, flattening, and parallel movements of various magnitudes phased in over a six-month period.
Exposure to Interest Rate Movements—As of September 30, 2008, Regions was asset sensitive in positioning to both gradual and instantaneous rate shifts of plus or minus 100 and 200 basis points. The following table demonstrates the estimated potential effect that gradual (over six months beginning at September 30, 2008) and instantaneous parallel interest rate shifts would have on Regions’ annual net interest income. Results of the same analysis for the comparable period for 2007 are presented for comparison purposes.
Table 15—Interest Rate Sensitivity
Estimated Annual % Change in Net Interest Income September 30 | ||||||
Gradual Change in Interest Rates | 2008 | 2007 | ||||
+200 basis points | 6.2 | % | 0.8 | % | ||
+100 basis points | 3.4 | 0.5 | ||||
-100 basis points | (4.3 | ) | (0.7 | ) | ||
-200 basis points | (6.8 | ) | (1.0 | ) |
Estimated Annual % Change in Net Interest Income September 30 | ||||||
Instantaneous Change in Interest Rates | 2008 | 2007 | ||||
+200 basis points | 4.6 | % | (0.1 | )% | ||
+100 basis points | 2.8 | 0.1 | ||||
-100 basis points | (4.5 | ) | (0.7 | ) | ||
-200 basis points | (6.2 | ) | (1.3 | ) |
DERIVATIVES
Regions uses financial derivative instruments for management of interest rate sensitivity. The Asset and Liability Committee, in its oversight role for the management of interest rate sensitivity, approves the use of derivatives in balance sheet hedging strategies. The most common derivatives Regions employs are forward rate contracts, interest rate swaps, options on interest rate swaps, interest rate caps and floors, and forward sale commitments. Derivatives are also used to hedge the risks associated with customer derivatives, which include interest rate, credit and foreign exchange risks.
Forward rate contracts are commitments to buy or sell financial instruments at a future date at a specified price or yield. Interest rate swaps are contractual agreements entered into to exchange fixed for variable (or vice versa) streams of interest payments. The notional principal is not exchanged but is used as a reference for the size of the interest payments. Interest rate options are contracts that allow the buyer to purchase or sell a financial instrument at a predetermined price and time. Forward sale commitments are contractual obligations to sell market instruments at a future date for an already agreed-upon price. Foreign exchange forwards are contractual agreements to receive or deliver a foreign currency at an agreed-upon future date and price.
Regions has made use of interest rate swaps to convert a portion of its fixed-rate funding position to a variable-rate position and, in some cases, to effectively convert a portion of its variable-rate loan portfolio to fixed-rate. Regions also uses derivatives to manage interest rate and pricing risk associated with its mortgage origination business. In the period of time that elapses between the origination and sale of mortgage loans,
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changes in interest rates have the potential to cause a decline in the value of the loans in this held-for-sale portfolio. Futures contracts and forward sales commitments are used to protect the value of the loan pipeline and loans held for sale from changes in interest rates and pricing.
Regions manages the credit risk of these instruments in much the same way as it manages credit risk of the loan portfolios by establishing credit limits for each counterparty and through collateral agreements for dealer transactions. For non-dealer transactions, the need for collateral is evaluated on an individual transaction basis and is primarily dependent on the financial strength of the counterparty. Credit risk is also reduced significantly by entering into legally enforceable master netting agreements. When there is more than one transaction with a counterparty and there is a legally enforceable master netting agreement in place, the exposure represents the net of the gain and loss positions with and collateral received from and/or posted to that counterparty.
Regions also uses derivatives to meet the needs of its customers. Interest rate swaps, interest rate options and foreign exchange forwards are the most common derivatives sold to customers. Other derivative instruments with similar characteristics are used to hedge the market risk and minimize income statement volatility associated with this portfolio. Instruments used to service customers are held in the trading account, with changes in value recorded in the statements of income.
The primary objective of Regions’ hedging strategies is to mitigate the impact of interest rate changes, from an economic perspective, on net interest income and the net present value of its balance sheet. The overall effectiveness of these hedging strategies is subject to market conditions, the quality of Regions’ execution, the accuracy of its asset valuation assumptions, counterparty credit risk and changes in interest rates. As a result, Regions’ hedging strategies may be ineffective in mitigating the impact of interest rate changes on its earnings.
BROKERAGE AND MARKET MAKING ACTIVITY
Morgan Keegan’s business activities, including its securities inventory positions and securities held for investment, expose it to market risk.
Morgan Keegan trades for its own account in corporate and tax-exempt securities and U.S. Government agency and Government-sponsored securities. Most of these transactions are entered into to facilitate the execution of customers’ orders to buy or sell these securities. In addition, it trades certain equity securities in order to “make a market” in these securities. Morgan Keegan’s trading activities require the commitment of capital. All principal transactions place the subsidiary’s capital at risk. Profits and losses are dependent upon the skills of employees and market fluctuations. In order to mitigate the risks of carrying inventory and as part of other normal brokerage activities, Morgan Keegan assumes short positions on securities.
In the normal course of business, Morgan Keegan enters into underwriting and forward and future commitments. At September 30, 2008, the contract amounts were $6 million to purchase and $152 million to sell U.S. Government and municipal securities. Morgan Keegan typically settles its position by entering into equal but opposite contracts and, as such, the contract amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Settlement of the transactions relating to such commitments is not expected to have a material effect on Regions’ consolidated financial position. Transactions involving future settlement give rise to market risk, which represents the potential loss that can be caused by a change in the market value of a particular financial instrument. Regions’ exposure to market risk is determined by a number of factors, including the size, composition and diversification of positions held, the absolute and relative levels of interest rates, and market volatility.
Additionally, in the normal course of business, Morgan Keegan enters into transactions for delayed delivery, to-be-announced securities, which are recorded in trading account assets on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Risks arise from the possible inability of counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts and from unfavorable changes in interest rates or the market values of the securities underlying the instruments. The credit
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risk associated with these contracts is typically limited to the cost of replacing all contracts on which Morgan Keegan has recorded an unrealized gain. For exchange-traded contracts, the clearing organization acts as the counterparty to specific transactions and, therefore, bears the risk of delivery to and from counterparties.
Interest rate risk at Morgan Keegan arises from the exposure of holding interest-sensitive financial instruments such as government, corporate and municipal bonds, and certain preferred equities. Morgan Keegan manages its exposure to interest rate risk by setting and monitoring limits and, where feasible, entering into offsetting positions in securities with similar interest rate risk characteristics. Securities inventories are marked to market, and accordingly there are no unrecorded gains or losses in value. While a significant portion of the securities inventories have maturities in excess of five years, these inventories, on average, turn over in excess of twelve times per year. Accordingly, the exposure to interest rate risk inherent in Morgan Keegan’s securities inventories is less than that of similar financial instruments held by firms in other industries. Morgan Keegan’s equity securities inventories are exposed to risk of loss in the event of unfavorable price movements. Also, Morgan Keegan is subject to credit risk arising from non-performance by trading counterparties, customers and issuers of debt securities owned. This risk is managed by imposing and monitoring position limits, monitoring trading counterparties, reviewing security concentrations, holding and marking to market collateral, and conducting business through clearing organizations that guarantee performance. Morgan Keegan regularly participates in the trading of some derivative securities for its customers; however, this activity does not involve Morgan Keegan acquiring a position or commitment in these products, and this trading is not a significant portion of Morgan Keegan’s business.
To manage trading risks arising from interest rate and equity price risks, Regions uses several Value at Risk (“VAR”) models to measure the potential fair value the Company could lose on its trading positions given a specified statistical confidence level and time-to-liquidate time horizon. The end-of-period VAR was approximately $0.8 million as of September 30, 2008 and $1.8 million at December 31, 2007. Maximum daily VAR utilization during the third quarter of 2008 was $1.5 million and average daily VAR during the same period was $1.1 million.
Morgan Keegan has been an underwriter and dealer in auction rate securities. As of September 30, 2008, customers of Morgan Keegan owned approximately $643 million of auction rate securities, and Morgan Keegan held approximately $138 million of auction rate securities on the balance sheet. Morgan Keegan has been contacted by securities regulators and is working on a plan to provide liquidity to its customers holding these instruments. Other broker dealers have entered into settlements with regulators under which the broker dealers agreed to repurchase certain of the securities at par.
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES
The provision for loan losses is used to maintain the allowance for loan losses at a level that in management’s judgment is adequate to cover losses inherent in the portfolio at the balance sheet date. In the third quarter of 2008, the provision for loan losses from continuing operations was $417.0 million and net charge-offs were $416.4 million. In the same quarter of 2007, provision from continuing operations was $90.0 million, while net charge-offs were $63.1 million. Net charge-offs as a percent of average loans (annualized) were 1.68% for the third quarter of 2008 compared to 0.27% for the corresponding period in 2007. The increase was primarily driven by deterioration in the residential homebuilder portfolio and losses within the home equity portfolio, both of which are closely tied to the housing market slowdown. Losses were also impacted by the disposition of problem loans. During the third quarter of 2008, a total of $327 million in non-accrual loans were either sold or designated as held for sale, with associated net charge-offs of $163 million.
For the first nine months of 2008, the provision for loan losses from continuing operations was $907.0 million and net charge-offs were $751.1 million. For the same period of 2007, provision from continuing operations was $197.0 million, while net charge-offs were $163.1 million. Net charge-offs as a percent of average loans (annualized) was 1.03% for the first nine months of 2008 compared to 0.23% for the corresponding
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period in 2007. The increase in the loan loss provision for the first nine months of 2008 was primarily due to an increase in management’s estimate of losses inherent in its residential homebuilder, condominium and home equity portfolios, dispositions of problem loans, as well as generally weaker economic conditions in the broader economy. For further information on the allowance for loan losses and net charge-offs see Table 3 “Allowance for Credit Losses”.
CREDIT RISK
Regions’ objective regarding credit risk is to maintain a high-quality credit portfolio that provides for stable credit costs with acceptable volatility through an economic cycle. Regions has a well-diversified loan portfolio, in terms of product type, collateral and geography. The commercial loan portfolio primarily consists of loans to middle market commercial customers doing business in Regions’ geographic footprint. Loans in this portfolio are generally underwritten individually and usually secured with the assets of the company and/or the personal guarantee of the business owners.
The real estate mortgage portfolio includes various loan types. A large portion is owner-occupied loans to businesses for long-term financing of land and buildings. These loans are generally underwritten and managed in the commercial business line. Regions attempts to minimize risk on owner-occupied properties by requiring collateral values that exceed the loan amount, adequate cash flow to service the debt and, in many cases, the personal guarantees of the principals of the borrowers. Another large component of real estate mortgage loans is loans to real estate developers and investors for the financing of land or buildings, where the repayment is generated by the real estate property. Also included in this category are loans on one-to-four family residential properties, which are secured principally by single-family residences. Loans of this type are generally smaller in size and are geographically dispersed throughout Regions’ market areas, with some guaranteed by government agencies or private mortgage insurers. Equity loans and lines, while not included in this category, are similar in nature to one-to-four family loans, except that approximately 58% of equity loans and lines are in a second lien position. Losses on the residential and equity line and loan portfolios depend, to a large degree, on the level of interest rates, the unemployment rate, economic conditions and collateral values, and thus are difficult to predict.
Real estate construction loans are primarily extensions of credit to real estate developers or investors where repayment is dependent on the sale of real estate or income generated from the real estate collateral. A construction loan may also be to a commercial business for the development of land or construction of a building where the repayment is usually derived from revenues generated from the business of the borrower. These loans are generally underwritten and managed by a specialized real estate group that also manages loan disbursements during the construction process. Credit quality of the construction portfolio is sensitive to risks associated with construction loans such as cost overruns, project completion risk, general contractor credit risk, environmental and other hazard risks, and market risks associated with the sale or rental of completed properties.
Loans within the indirect portfolio consist mainly of automobile, marine and recreational vehicle loans originated through third-party business relationships. As of the end of business on October 9, 2008, Regions ceased originating loans through the retail indirect lending channel. Other consumer loans consist primarily of borrowings for home improvements, student loans, automobiles, overdrafts and other personal household purposes. Losses within this grouping vary according to the specific type of loan. Certain risks, such as a general slowing of the economy and changes in consumer demand, may impact future loss rates.
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NON-INTEREST INCOME
The following tables present a summary of non-interest income from continuing operations:
Table 16—Non-Interest Income
(In thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30 | % Change | |||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||
Service charges on deposit accounts | $ | 294,038 | $ | 288,296 | 1.99 | % | |||
Brokerage, investment banking and capital markets | 240,839 | 227,613 | 5.81 | ||||||
Trust department income | 66,473 | 62,449 | 6.44 | ||||||
Mortgage income | 33,030 | 29,806 | 10.82 | ||||||
Net securities gains | 43 | 23,994 | NM | ||||||
Insurance commissions and fees | 26,007 | 23,340 | 11.43 | ||||||
Other miscellaneous income | 58,834 | 73,646 | (20.11 | ) | |||||
$ | 719,264 | $ | 729,144 | (1.36 | )% | ||||
(In thousands) | Nine Months Ended September 30 | % Change | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Service charges on deposit accounts | $ | 859,833 | $ | 870,031 | (1.17 | )% | ||||
Brokerage, investment banking and capital markets | 785,072 | 640,799 | 22.51 | |||||||
Trust department income | 181,948 | 190,521 | (4.50 | ) | ||||||
Mortgage income | 103,576 | 107,657 | (3.79 | ) | ||||||
Net securities gains (losses) | 91,658 | (8,508 | ) | NM | ||||||
Insurance commissions and fees | 83,724 | 76,045 | 10.10 | |||||||
Visa redemption gain | 62,753 | — | NM | |||||||
Other miscellaneous income | 202,223 | 246,312 | (17.90 | ) | ||||||
$ | 2,370,787 | $ | 2,122,857 | 11.68 | % | |||||
Total non-interest income decreased slightly in the third quarter of 2008 compared to the third quarter of 2007, as increases in brokerage, investment banking and capital markets income, trust income, mortgage income and insurance income were more than offset by decreases in securities gains and other income. During the nine months ended September 30, 2008, total non-interest income increased compared to the same period in 2007; brokerage, investment banking and capital markets income and insurance income drove the increase, partially offset by modest decreases in service charges on deposit accounts, trust income, mortgage income and other miscellaneous income. Expanded discussion of changes in certain significant categories of non-interest income is included below.
Service charges on deposit accounts—Service charges on deposit accounts increased $5.7 million in the third quarter of 2008 and decreased $10.2 million in the first nine months of 2008, compared to the same periods in 2007. Third quarter 2008 service charges reflect the impact of a pricing increase during the second quarter of 2008. The year-to-date decrease is the result of an increase in NSF fee waivers following the merger-related conversions of deposit accounts, which occurred during the fourth quarter of 2007. Additionally, during the first quarter of 2007, 52 branches were divested in connection with the AmSouth Bancorporation merger. Therefore, first quarter 2007 service charges included income from these branches for a partial quarter.
Brokerage, investment banking and capital markets—Brokerage, investment banking and capital markets income increased $13.2 million and $144.3 million during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2007. The increase was due primarily to results from fixed-income
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and equity markets revenue at Morgan Keegan, as well as an increase in customer derivative transactions. Also, Morgan Keegan continues to benefit from Regions’ expanded customer base, primarily through the new offices opened in former AmSouth branches. Although revenues are up significantly from a year ago, third quarter 2008 brokerage, investment banking and capital markets income was negatively impacted by softness in fixed-income and equity capital markets revenues, which was a result of overall market uncertainty and a decline in equity underwriting.
The following table details the components of revenue contributed by Morgan Keegan:
Table 17—Morgan Keegan
(In thousands) | Three Months Ended September 30 | Nine Months Ended September 30 | ||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
Revenues: | ||||||||||||
Commissions | $ | 60,725 | $ | 82,071 | $ | 193,142 | $ | 232,039 | ||||
Principal transactions | 46,312 | 43,916 | 168,972 | 125,351 | ||||||||
Investment banking | 41,000 | 48,958 | 166,597 | 134,287 | ||||||||
Interest | 21,890 | 35,388 | 78,487 | 115,239 | ||||||||
Trust fees and services | 65,688 | 55,803 | 176,623 | 169,109 | ||||||||
Investment advisory | 49,446 | 42,146 | 156,563 | 132,026 | ||||||||
Other | 8,193 | 10,134 | 31,404 | 41,198 | ||||||||
Total revenues | 293,254 | 318,416 | 971,788 | 949,249 | ||||||||
Expenses: | ||||||||||||
Interest expense | 11,380 | 21,790 | 38,494 | 70,819 | ||||||||
Non-interest expense(1) | 232,630 | 225,469 | 774,304 | 656,651 | ||||||||
Total expenses | 244,010 | 247,259 | 812,798 | 727,470 | ||||||||
Income before income taxes | 49,244 | 71,157 | 158,990 | 221,779 | ||||||||
Income taxes | 18,262 | 26,000 | 58,794 | 80,970 | ||||||||
Net income | $ | 30,982 | $ | 45,157 | $ | 100,196 | $ | 140,809 | ||||
(1) | Excludes approximately $17.7 million of merger costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2008. No merger costs were incurred by Morgan Keegan during the third quarter of 2008. These amounts are a component of merger costs as reported in Table 12 “GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation”. |
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The following table details the breakout of revenue by division contributed by Morgan Keegan:
Table 18—Morgan Keegan
Breakout of Revenue by Division
(Dollars in thousands) | Private Client | Fixed-Income Capital Markets | Equity Capital Markets | Regions MK Trust | Asset Management | Interest And Other | ||||||||||||||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2008: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross revenue | $ | 82,269 | $ | 73,237 | $ | 24,118 | $ | 65,688 | $ | 46,624 | $ | 1,318 | ||||||||||||
Percent of gross revenue | 28.1 | % | 25.0 | % | 8.2 | % | 22.4 | % | 15.9 | % | 0.4 | % | ||||||||||||
Three months ended September 30, 2007: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross revenue | $ | 97,577 | $ | 55,647 | $ | 30,191 | $ | 55,803 | $ | 47,646 | $ | 31,552 | ||||||||||||
Percent of gross revenue | 30.6 | % | 17.5 | % | 9.5 | % | 17.5 | % | 15.0 | % | 9.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2008: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross revenue | $ | 258,178 | $ | 260,177 | $ | 104,962 | $ | 176,620 | $ | 131,221 | $ | 40,630 | ||||||||||||
Percent of gross revenue | 26.6 | % | 26.8 | % | 10.8 | % | 18.2 | % | 13.5 | % | 4.1 | % | ||||||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2007: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross revenue | $ | 294,506 | $ | 164,863 | $ | 73,349 | $ | 169,110 | $ | 138,839 | $ | 108,582 | ||||||||||||
Percent of gross revenue | �� | 31.0 | % | 17.4 | % | 7.7 | % | 17.8 | % | 14.6 | % | 11.5 | % |
Trust department income—Trust income for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 increased $4.0 million and decreased $8.6 million, respectively, compared to the same periods of 2007. The increase during the third quarter of 2008 is due to fees from energy-related brokered transactions. The year-to-date decrease in 2008 is primarily due to lower overall asset valuations during the first nine months of 2008 when compared to the same period in 2007.
Mortgage income—For the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, mortgage income increased $3.2 million and decreased $4.1 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2007. The quarterly increase was due to higher gains on sales of mortgage loans, net of reduced mortgage servicing income. The year-to-date decrease reflects a $14.9 million loss (including transaction costs) on the sale of a $3.4 billion GNMA mortgage servicing portfolio during the second quarter of 2008.
Insurance commissions and fees—Insurance commissions and fees increased $2.7 million and $7.7 million during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2007, as a result of the acquisition of Barksdale Bonding and Insurance, Inc. that occurred during the first quarter of 2008.
Visa redemption gain—During the first nine months of 2008, non-interest income includes a $62.8 million gain recognized from the redemption of a portion of the Company’s ownership interest in Visa’s IPO. See Note 10 for further discussion.
Other miscellaneous income—For the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, other miscellaneous income decreased $14.8 million and $44.1 million, respectively, compared to the same year-ago periods. Miscellaneous income for the first nine months of 2007 included a $9.1 million gain due to the termination of approximately $225 million of junior subordinated debt. Also, gains on sales of loans, primarily student loans, in the first nine months of 2008 totaled $5.6 million, compared to $30.1 million during the same period in 2007. Offsetting these decreases was an increase related to bank-owned life insurance income in 2008 when compared to 2007.
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NON-INTEREST EXPENSE
Table 19 “Non-Interest Expense (including Non-GAAP reconciliation)” presents a summary of non-interest expense from continuing operations, as well as a detail of merger charges included in non-interest expense. Regions incurred merger-related expenses during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 and 2007 in connection with the integration of Regions and AmSouth. For expanded discussion of certain significant non-interest expense items, refer to the discussion of each component following the table presented.
Table 19—Non-Interest Expense (including Non-GAAP reconciliation)
Three Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | % Change Non-GAAP | |||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | GAAP | Less: Merger Charges | Non-GAAP | GAAP | Less: Merger Charges | Non-GAAP | |||||||||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | $ | 551,871 | $ | 24,515 | $ | 527,356 | $ | 581,425 | $ | 14,811 | $ | 566,614 | (6.93 | )% | |||||||
Net occupancy expense | 110,595 | — | 110,595 | 120,753 | 21,428 | 99,325 | 11.35 | ||||||||||||||
Furniture and equipment expense | 85,375 | — | 85,375 | 74,127 | 1,942 | 72,185 | 18.27 | ||||||||||||||
Impairment of mortgage servicing rights, net | 11,000 | — | 11,000 | 20,000 | — | 20,000 | (45.00 | ) | |||||||||||||
Marketing | 23,265 | — | 23,265 | 32,750 | 11,994 | 20,756 | 12.09 | ||||||||||||||
Professional fees | 50,316 | — | 50,316 | 36,320 | 8,787 | 27,533 | 82.75 | ||||||||||||||
Amortization of core deposit intangible | 33,011 | — | 33,011 | 37,432 | — | 37,432 | (11.81 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other real estate owned expense | 43,468 | — | 43,468 | 2,250 | — | 2,250 | NM | ||||||||||||||
Other miscellaneous expenses | 218,730 | — | 218,730 | 240,337 | 32,823 | 207,514 | 5.40 | ||||||||||||||
$ | 1,127,631 | $ | 24,515 | $ | 1,103,116 | $ | 1,145,394 | $ | 91,785 | $ | 1,053,609 | 4.70 | % | ||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In thousands) | GAAP | Less: Merger Charges | Non-GAAP | GAAP | Less: Merger Charges | Non-GAAP | % Change Non-GAAP | ||||||||||||||||||
Salaries and employee benefits | $ | 1,794,202 | $ | 133,401 | $ | 1,660,801 | $ | 1,793,010 | $ | 61,389 | $ | 1,731,621 | (4.09 | )% | |||||||||||
Net occupancy expense | 328,717 | 3,331 | 325,386 | 307,459 | 29,943 | 277,516 | 17.25 | ||||||||||||||||||
Furniture and equipment expense | 249,733 | 4,985 | 244,748 | 220,984 | 3,179 | 217,805 | 12.37 | ||||||||||||||||||
Recapture of mortgage servicing rights, net | (14,000 | ) | — | (14,000 | ) | (17,000 | ) | — | (17,000 | ) | (17.65 | ) | |||||||||||||
Marketing | 75,761 | 12,692 | 63,069 | 83,060 | 20,969 | 62,091 | 1.57 | ||||||||||||||||||
Professional fees | 138,871 | 7,409 | 131,462 | 100,119 | 25,912 | 74,207 | 77.16 | ||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of core deposit intangible | 102,068 | — | 102,068 | 113,246 | — | 113,246 | (9.87 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Other real estate owned expense | 70,521 | — | 70,521 | 6,898 | — | 6,898 | NM | ||||||||||||||||||
Loss on early extinguishment of debt | 65,406 | — | 65,406 | — | — | — | NM | ||||||||||||||||||
Other miscellaneous expenses | 706,985 | 38,353 | 668,632 | 704,319 | 59,313 | 645,006 | 3.66 | ||||||||||||||||||
$ | 3,518,264 | $ | 200,171 | $ | 3,318,093 | $ | 3,312,095 | $ | 200,705 | $ | 3,111,390 | 6.64 | % | ||||||||||||
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Salaries and employee benefits—In the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, salaries and employee benefits (excluding merger charges) declined $39.3 million and $70.8 million, respectively, compared to the same periods of 2007, as a result of ongoing merger-related and other personnel-related efficiencies, evidenced by reductions in headcount, as well as reduced incentives. As of September 30, 2008, Regions employed 30,673 associates compared to 33,630 at September 30, 2007.
Net occupancy expense—Net occupancy expense (excluding merger charges) in the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 increased $11.3 million and $47.9 million, respectively, compared to the corresponding year-earlier periods, due primarily to new branches opened during 2007.
Furniture and equipment expense—In the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, furniture and equipment expense (excluding merger charges) increased $13.2 million and $26.9 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2007. These increases are due to increased depreciation expense associated with additions from new branches opened during 2007.
Impairment (recapture) of mortgage servicing rights, net—Included in non-interest expense for the third quarter of 2008 is $11.0 million of mortgage servicing rights impairment, compared to $20.0 million in the third quarter of 2007. For the first nine months of 2008, $14.0 million of mortgage servicing rights impairment recapture was included in non-interest expense, compared to $17.0 million for the first nine months of 2007. These changes are directly related to changes in market interest rates.
Professional fees—Professional fees (excluding merger charges) during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 increased $22.8 million and $57.3 million, respectively, compared to the same periods of 2007. These increases are due to litigation incurred by the special assets group in the credit risk management division, resulting from credit cycle deterioration and higher legal costs.
Other real estate owned (“OREO”) expense—OREO expense during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 increased $41.2 million and $63.6 million, respectively, compared to the same year-ago periods, driven by losses related to the continued decline in the housing market. Foreclosed property balances have increased from $93.6 million at September 30, 2007 to $201.3 million at September 30, 2008, even though Regions has been selling foreclosed properties in this current stressed market.
Other miscellaneous expenses—Other miscellaneous expenses (excluding merger charges) increased during the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 compared to the third quarter and first nine months of 2007. Included in other miscellaneous expense for the first nine months of 2008 is a $46.6 million write-down on the investment in two Morgan Keegan mutual funds. Other miscellaneous expenses benefited from the recognition of a $28.4 million litigation expense reduction related to Visa’s IPO during the first quarter of 2008. Regions had recorded a $51.5 million expense for Visa litigation during the fourth quarter of 2007.
On October 7, 2008, the Board of Directors of the FDIC adopted a restoration plan accompanied by a notice of proposed rulemaking that would increase the rates banks pay for deposit insurance, while at the same time making adjustments to the system that determines what rate a bank pays the FDIC. Under the proposal, the assessment rate schedule would be raised uniformly by 7 basis points (annualized) beginning on January 1, 2009. Until the end of 2009, non-interest bearing deposit transaction accounts will be fully insured regardless of dollar amount. Also during 2009, Regions’ one-time assessment credit expires. If the proposed changes are adopted, then based on assessment rates currently in effect and Regions’ assumptions regarding future deposit levels, Regions estimates FDIC premiums to increase within a range of $70 million to $90 million (pre-tax) during 2009.
INCOME TAXES
Regions’ third quarter and year-to-date 2008 provision for income taxes from continuing operations decreased $173.4 million and $415.2 million, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2007, primarily due
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to decreased consolidated earnings. The effective tax rate from continuing operations for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008 was 6.1% and 26.7%, respectively, compared to 31.3% and 32.8% in the third quarter and first nine months of 2007. These decreases in the effective tax rate relate primarily to taxable versus tax-free income mix, which was affected by the decrease in consolidated earnings.
From time to time, Regions engages in business plans that may also have an effect on its tax liabilities. While Regions has obtained the opinion of advisors that the tax aspects of these strategies should prevail, examination of Regions’ income tax returns, changes in tax law and regulatory guidance may impact the tax benefits of these plans.
Periodically, Regions invests in pass-through investment vehicles that generate tax credits, principally low-income housing and non-conventional fuel source credits, which directly reduce Regions’ federal income tax liability. Congress has legislated these tax credit programs to encourage capital inflows to these investment vehicles. The amount of tax benefit recognized from these tax credits was $14.9 million and $42.5 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, respectively, compared to $22.6 million and $80.7 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2007, respectively. The decline in tax credits in 2008 compared to 2007 is due to the expiration of the Company’s non-conventional fuel source credits on December 31, 2007.
Regions has segregated a portion of its investment securities and intellectual property into separate legal entities in order to, among other business purposes, maximize the return on such assets by the professional and focused management thereof. Regions has recognized state tax benefits related to these legal entities of $10.0 million and $30.9 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, respectively, compared to $13.3 million and $34.9 million in the third quarter and first nine months of 2007, respectively.
Management’s determination of the realization of deferred tax assets is based upon management’s judgment of various future events and uncertainties, including the timing, nature and amount of future income earned by certain subsidiaries and the implementation of various plans to maximize realization of deferred tax assets. Management believes that the subsidiaries will generate sufficient operating earnings to realize the deferred tax benefits. However, management does not believe that it is more-likely-than-not that all of its state net operating loss carryforwards will be realized. Accordingly, a valuation allowance has been established in the amount of $26.0 million against such benefits at September 30, 2008, compared to $19.2 million at September 30, 2007.
Regions and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the United States (“U.S.”), as well as in various state jurisdictions. As the successor of acquired taxpayers, Regions is responsible for the resolution of audits from both federal and state taxing authorities. With few exceptions in certain state jurisdictions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal or state and local income tax examinations by taxing authorities for years before 2000, which would include audits of acquired entities. In the third quarter of 2008, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) completed the fieldwork for an examination of the Company’s U.S. federal income tax returns for 2000 through 2006. As of September 30, 2008, the IRS and certain states have proposed various adjustments to the Company’s previously filed tax returns. Management is currently evaluating those proposed adjustments and believes the Company to be adequately reserved for any potential exposures.
During the third quarter of 2007 and first quarter of 2008, the Company made deposits with the IRS to stop the accrual of interest on all of its federal uncertain tax positions. In the first quarter of 2008, the Company settled a dispute with the IRS related to certain leveraged lease transactions. In addition, federal examinations for the 1998 and 1999 tax years were closed in the first quarter. As a result, the Company re-designated a portion of the deposits as an additional statutory payment of tax, and interest, to the IRS in the first quarter.
In early August of 2008, the IRS announced guidelines pursuant to which taxpayers could settle disputes relating to certain leveraged lease transactions. The deadline for notifying the IRS of a taxpayer’s intent to participate in the settlement initiative was early October 2008. The Company gave notice of the intent to participate in the settlement initiative in October 2008 and increased its reserves for interest on exposures related
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to leveraged lease transactions consistent with the settlement initiative guidelines as of September 30, 2008. See the “Net Interest Margin” section of this report for further discussion.
As of September 30, 2008 and December 31, 2007, the liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits was approximately $813.4 million and $746.3 million, respectively. Of the Company’s liability for gross unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2008, approximately $741.1 million would reduce the Company’s effective tax rate, if recognized. As of September 30, 2008, the Company recognized a liability of approximately $304.6 million for interest, on a pre-tax basis.
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk |
Reference is made to pages 47 through 50 included in Management’s Discussion and Analysis.
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures |
Based on an evaluation, as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q, under the supervision and with the participation of Regions’ management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that Regions’ disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) are effective. As of the end of the period covered by this report, there have been no changes in Regions’ internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, Regions’ internal control over financial reporting.
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Item 1. | Legal Proceedings |
Regions and its affiliates are subject to litigation, including the litigation discussed below, and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. Punitive damages are routinely claimed in these cases. Regions continues to be concerned about the general trend in litigation involving large damage awards against financial service company defendants. Regions evaluates these contingencies based on information currently available, including advice of counsel and assessment of available insurance coverage. Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to these litigation contingencies, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of pending and threatened litigation would not have a material effect on Regions’ consolidated financial position or results of operations, except to the extent indicated in the discussion below.
In late 2007 and during 2008, Regions and certain of its affiliates were named in class-action lawsuits filed in federal and state courts on behalf of investors who purchased shares of certain Regions Morgan Keegan Select Funds (the “Funds”) and shareholders of Regions. The complaints contain various allegations, including claims that the Funds and the defendants misrepresented or failed to disclose material facts relating to the activities of the Funds. No class has been certified, and at this stage of the lawsuits Regions cannot determine the probability of a material adverse result or reasonably estimate a range of potential exposures, if any. However, it is possible that an adverse resolution of these matters may be material to Regions’ consolidated financial position or results of operations. In addition, the Company has received requests for information from the SEC Staff regarding the matters subject to the litigation described above.
Certain of the shareholders in these Funds and other interested parties have entered into arbitration proceedings and individual civil claims, in lieu of participating in the class actions. As with the class actions, these proceedings are in the preliminary stages. Although it is not possible to predict the ultimate resolution or financial liability with respect to these contingencies, management is currently of the opinion that the outcome of these proceedings would not have a material effect on Regions’ consolidated financial position or results of operations.
Item 1A. | Risk Factors |
The following are additional risk factors for Regions, to be read in conjunction with Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in Regions Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007.
1. There can be no assurance that the recently enacted Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (the “EESA”) will help stabilize the U.S. financial system.
On October 3, 2008, President Bush signed into law the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (the “EESA”). The legislation was the result of a proposal by Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson to the U.S. Congress on September 20, 2008 in response to the financial crises affecting the banking system and financial markets and going concern threats to investment banks and other financial institutions. The U.S. Treasury and banking regulators are implementing a number of programs under this legislation to address capital and liquidity issues in the banking system. There can be no assurance, however, as to the actual impact that the EESA will have on the financial markets, including the extreme levels of volatility and limited credit availability currently being experienced. The failure of the EESA to help stabilize the financial markets and a continuation or worsening of current financial market conditions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, access to credit or the trading price of our common stock.
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2. Current levels of market volatility are unprecedented.
The capital and credit markets have been experiencing volatility and disruption for more than 12 months. In recent weeks, the volatility and disruption has reached unprecedented levels. In some cases, the markets have produced downward pressure on stock prices and credit availability for certain issuers without regard to those issuers’ underlying financial strength. If current levels of market disruption and volatility continue or worsen, there can be no assurance that we will not experience an adverse effect, which may be material, on our ability to access capital and on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
3. The soundness of other financial institutions could adversely affect us.
Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty, or other relationships. We have exposure to many different industries and counterparties, and we routinely execute transactions with counterparties in the financial services industry, including brokers and dealers, commercial banks, investment banks, mutual and hedge funds, and other institutional clients. Many of these transactions expose us to credit risk in the event of default of our counterparty or client. In addition, our credit risk may be exacerbated when the collateral held by us cannot be realized or is liquidated at prices not sufficient to recover the full amount of the loan or derivative exposure due us. There is no assurance that any such losses would not materially and adversely affect our results of operations or earnings.
4. Current market developments may adversely affect our industry, business and results of operations.
Dramatic declines in the housing market during the prior year, with falling home prices and increasing foreclosures and unemployment, have resulted in significant write-downs of asset values by financial institutions, including government-sponsored entities and major commercial and investment banks. These write-downs, initially of mortgage-backed securities but spreading to credit default swaps and other derivative securities have caused many financial institutions to seek additional capital, to merge with larger and stronger institutions and, in some cases, to fail. Reflecting concern about the stability of the financial markets generally and the strength of counterparties, many lenders and institutional investors have reduced, and in some cases, ceased to provide funding to borrowers including other financial institutions. The resulting lack of available credit, lack of confidence in the financial sector, increased volatility in the financial markets and reduced business activity could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |
Information concerning Regions’ repurchases of its outstanding common stock during the three-month period ended September 30, 2008, is set forth in the following table:
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Period | Total Number of Shares Purchased | Average Price Paid per Share | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | ||||
July 1 - 31, 2008 | — | — | — | 23,072,300 | ||||
August 1 - 31, 2008 | — | — | — | 23,072,300 | ||||
September 1 - 30, 2008 | — | — | — | 23,072,300 | ||||
Total | — | — | — | 23,072,300 |
On January 18, 2007, Regions’ Board of Directors assessed the repurchase authorization of Regions and authorized the repurchase of an additional 50 million shares of Regions’ common stock through open market or privately negotiated transactions and announced the authorization of this repurchase. As indicated in the table above, approximately 23.1 million shares remain available for repurchase under the existing plan.
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Item 6. | Exhibits |
The following is a list of exhibits including items incorporated by reference
3.1 | Restated Certificate of Incorporation filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-Q Quarterly Report filed by registrant on August 3, 2007, incorporated herein by reference | |
3.2 | By-laws as restated filed as Exhibit 3.2 to Form 8-K Current Report filed by registrant on April 22, 2008, incorporated herein by reference | |
12 | Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges | |
31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | |
32 | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes- Oxley Act of 2002 |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Regions Financial Corporation | ||||||||
DATE: October 30, 2008 | ||||||||
/s/ HARDIE B. KIMBROUGH, JR. | ||||||||
Hardie B. Kimbrough, Jr. | ||||||||
Executive Vice President and Controller | ||||||||
(Chief Accounting Officer and Authorized Officer) |
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