GWG (GWGHQ) 10-Q 2020 Q3 Quarterly report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, DC 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _________ to ________

Commission File Number: 001-36615

GWG HOLDINGS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	26-2222607
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

325 North St. Paul Street, Suite 2650

Dallas, TX 75201

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(612) 746-1944

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock	GWGH	NASDAQ Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). ☒ Yes  ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

As of November 10, 2020, GWG Holdings, Inc. had 33,094,664 shares of common stock outstanding.

GWG HOLDINGS, INC.

Index to Form 10-Q

for the Quarter Ended September 30, 2020

		Page No.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	1
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2020, and December 31, 2019	1
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019	5
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	7
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	48
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	75
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION		76
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	74
Item 5.	Other Information	76
Item 6.	Exhibits	76
SIGNATURES		77

i

PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

	September 30, 2020 (Unaudited)		December 31, 2019
ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	93,766	$	79,073
Restricted cash	15,990		20,258
Investment in life insurance policies, at fair value	787,260		796,039
Life insurance policy benefits receivable, net	36,418		23,031
Loans receivable, net of discount	229,961		232,344
Allowance for loan losses	(2,914)		0
Loans receivable, net	227,047		232,344
Fees receivable	31,571		29,168
Financing receivables from affiliates	0		67,153
Other assets	53,501		30,135
Goodwill	2,384,121		2,358,005
TOTAL ASSETS	$	3,629,674	$	3,635,206
LIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
LIABILITIES
Senior credit facility with LNV Corporation	$	203,907	$	174,390
L Bonds	1,154,519		926,638
Seller Trust L Bonds	366,892		366,892
Other borrowings	100,178		153,086
Interest and dividends payable	23,821		16,516
Deferred revenue	35,848		41,444
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	33,235		27,836
Deferred tax liability, net	52,500		57,923
TOTAL LIABILITIES	1,970,900		1,764,725
Redeemable noncontrolling interests	1,246,753		1,269,654
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
(par value $0.001; shares authorized 100,000; shares outstanding 59,681 and 84,636; liquidation preference of $60,029 and $85,130 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively)	49,068		74,023
SERIES 2 REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
(par value $0.001; shares authorized 150,000; shares outstanding 137,341 and 147,164; liquidation preference of $138,142 and $148,023 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively)	118,045		127,868
COMMON STOCK
(par value $0.001; shares authorized 210,000,000; shares issued and outstanding, 33,094,664 and 33,033,793 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively)	33		33
Common stock in treasury, at cost (2,500,000 shares as of both September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019)	(24,550)		(24,550)
Additional paid-in capital	178,969		233,106
Accumulated deficit	(200,935)		(76,501)
TOTAL GWG HOLDINGS STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	120,630		333,979
Noncontrolling interests	291,391		266,848
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	412,021		600,827
TOTAL LIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	3,629,674	$	3,635,206

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Page 1

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

(unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
REVENUE
Gain on life insurance policies, net	$	14,122	$	17,792	$	43,355	$	59,219
Interest income	12,928		3,935		39,588		11,273
Trust services revenues	4,556		0		14,412		0
Other income (loss)	(3,093)		484		33,504		947
TOTAL REVENUE	28,513		22,211		130,859		71,439
EXPENSES
Interest expense	40,792		28,290		113,805		83,752
Employee compensation and benefits	33,777		9,137		123,321		21,085
Legal and professional fees	7,830		2,594		21,636		10,263
(Recapture of) provision for loan losses	(4,986)		0		2,914		0
Other expenses	4,550		3,549		13,057		12,316
TOTAL EXPENSES	81,963		43,570		274,733		127,416
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAXES	(53,450)		(21,359)		(143,874)		(55,977)
INCOME TAX EXPENSE (BENEFIT)	22,444		0		(613)		0
NET LOSS BEFORE INCOME (LOSS) FROM EQUITY METHOD INVESTMENT	(75,894)		(21,359)		(143,261)		(55,977)
Income (loss) from equity method investment	(1,431)		956		(4,279)		(371)
NET LOSS	(77,325)		(20,403)		(147,540)		(56,348)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests	12,745		0		23,106		0
Less: Preferred stock dividends	3,569		4,232		11,235		12,806
NET LOSS ATTRIBUTABLE TO COMMON SHAREHOLDERS	$	(68,149)	$	(24,635)	$	(135,669)	$	(69,154)
NET LOSS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	(2.23)	$	(0.75)	$	(4.44)	$	(2.09)
Diluted	$	(2.23)	$	(0.75)	$	(4.44)	$	(2.09)
WEIGHTED AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic	30,584,719		33,033,420		30,552,233		33,010,100
Diluted	30,584,719		33,033,420		30,552,233		33,010,100

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Page 2

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss	$	(147,540)	$	(56,348)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash flows used in operating activities:
Change in fair value of life insurance policies	(23,476)		(48,031)
Amortization of deferred financing and issuance costs	13,345		9,982
Amortization of upfront fees	(5,356)		0
Amortization of debt discount, net	274		0
Amortization and depreciation on long-lived assets	827		0
Accretion of discount on financing receivable from affiliate	0		(1,292)
Provisions for uncollectible policy benefits receivable	0		201
Non-cash interest income	(38,530)		0
Non-cash interest expense	1,795		0
Loss from equity method investment	4,279		371
Loss on fair value of put options	3,191		0
Provision for loan losses	2,914		0
Deferred income tax	(4,621)		0
Equity-based compensation	96,618		1,365
Forfeiture of vested equity-based compensation	(36,267)		0
(Increase) decrease in operating assets:
Life insurance policy benefits receivable	(13,387)		(1,109)
Fees receivable	(2,643)		0
Accrued interest on financing receivable	0		(5,124)
Other assets	(2,634)		(4,557)
Increase (decrease) in operating liabilities:
Accounts payable and other accrued expenses	8,306		(8,432)
NET CASH FLOWS USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES	(142,905)		(112,974)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Investment in life insurance policies	0		(32,249)
Return of investment for matured life insurance policies	32,255		20,685
Purchases of fixed assets	(2,498)		0
Financing receivables from affiliates issued	0		(50,000)
Equity method investments	(10,144)		(10,000)
Net change in loans receivable	11,169		0
Investment in put options	(14,775)		0
NET CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES	16,007		(71,564)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Borrowings on senior debt	28,530		3,937
Repayments of senior debt and other borrowings	(50,000)		(21,649)
Payments for deferred financing costs for other borrowings	(3,307)		0
Purchase of noncontrolling interest	(1,195)		0
Proceeds from issuance of L Bonds	317,302		278,239
Payments for issuance of L Bonds	(20,203)		(16,562)
Payments for redemption of L Bonds	(82,206)		(92,095)
Issuance of common stock	8		58
Payments for redemption of preferred stock	(34,779)		(6,135)
Preferred stock dividends	(11,235)		(12,806)
Tax distribution to noncontrolling interest	(5,592)		0
NET CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES	137,323		132,987
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH	10,425		(51,551)
CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH
BEGINNING OF PERIOD	99,331		125,436
END OF PERIOD	$	109,756	$	73,885

Page 3

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Interest paid	$	97,098	$	75,153
Premiums paid, including prepaid	52,136		51,586
NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
L Bonds: Conversion of accrued interest and commissions payable to principal	$	1,296	$	1,086
Conversion of Promissory Note (see Note 6)	70,565		0
Employee payroll tax liability on restricted equity units	1,555		0
Business combination measurement period adjustments:
Reduction in loans receivable (see Note 4)	$	26,116	$	0

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Page 4

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020:

	Redeemable Preferred Stock Shares	Redeemable Preferred Stock		Common Shares	Common Stock (par)		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Treasury Stock		Total GWG Holdings Stockholders’ Equity		Noncontrolling Interests		Total Stockholders’ Equity		Redeemable noncontrolling interests
Balance, June 30, 2020 (unaudited)	207,311	$	177,402	30,537,481	$	33	$	225,537	$	(136,355)	$	(24,550)	$	242,067	$	298,705	$	540,772	$	1,264,031
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(64,580)		—		(64,580)		(1,059)		(65,639)		(11,686)
Issuance of common stock	—	—		57,183	—		524		—		—		524		—		524		—
Redemption of redeemable preferred stock	(10,289)	(10,289)		—	—		—		—		—		(10,289)		—		(10,289)		—
Preferred stock dividends	—	—		—	—		(3,569)		—		—		(3,569)		—		(3,569)		—
LiquidTrust promissory note conversion	—	—		—	—		(44,274)		—		—		(44,274)		(26,291)		(70,565)		—
Tax distribution to noncontrolling interest	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(5,592)
Equity-based compensation	—	—		—	—		53		—		—		53		23,222		23,275		—
Accrual for employee payroll taxes due on restricted equity units	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(1,554)		(1,554)		—
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest for change in ownership of Common Units	—	—		—	—		698		—		—		698		(698)		—		—
Purchase of noncontrolling interest	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(934)		(934)		—
Balance, September 30, 2020 (unaudited)	197,022	$	167,113	30,594,664	$	33	$	178,969	$	(200,935)	$	(24,550)	$	120,630	$	291,391	$	412,021	$	1,246,753

	Redeemable Preferred Stock Shares	Redeemable Preferred Stock		Common Shares	Common Stock (par)		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Treasury Stock		Total GWG Holdings Stockholders’ Equity		Noncontrolling Interests		Total Stockholders’ Equity		Redeemable noncontrolling interests
Balance, December 31, 2019 (audited)	231,800	$	201,891	30,533,793	$	33	$	233,106	$	(76,501)	$	(24,550)	$	333,979	$	266,848	$	600,827	$	1,269,654
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(124,434)		—		(124,434)		(5,797)		(130,231)		(17,309)
Issuance of common stock	—	—		60,871	—		534		—		—		534		—		534		—
Redemption of redeemable preferred stock	(34,778)	(34,778)		—	—		—		—		—		(34,778)		—		(34,778)		—
Preferred stock dividends	—	—		—	—		(11,235)		—		—		(11,235)		—		(11,235)		—
LiquidTrust promissory note conversion	—	—		—	—		(44,274)		—		—		(44,274)		(26,291)		(70,565)		—
Tax distribution to noncontrolling interest	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		(5,592)
Equity-based compensation	—	—		—	—		140		—		—		140		96,345		96,485		—
Forfeiture of vested equity-based compensation	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(36,267)		(36,267)		—
Accrual for employee payroll taxes due on restricted equity units	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(1,554)		(1,554)		—
Adjustment to noncontrolling interest for change in ownership of Common Units	—	—		—	—		698		—		—		698		(698)		—		—
Purchase of noncontrolling interest	—	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(1,195)		(1,195)		—
Balance, September 30, 2020 (unaudited)	197,022	$	167,113	30,594,664	$	33	$	178,969	$	(200,935)	$	(24,550)	$	120,630	$	291,391	$	412,021	$	1,246,753

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Page 5

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, except share data)

(unaudited)

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019:

	Redeemable Preferred Stock Shares	Redeemable Preferred Stock		Common Shares	Common Stock (par)		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balance, June 30, 2019 (unaudited)	242,648	$	212,738	33,033,420	$	33	$	241,318	$	(220,555)	$	233,534
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(20,403)		(20,403)
Issuance of common stock	—	—		—	—		—		—		—
Repurchase of common stock	—	—		—	—		—		—		—
Redemption of redeemable preferred stock	(2,920)	(2,920)		—	—		—		—		(2,920)
Preferred stock dividends	—	—		—	—		(4,232)		—		(4,232)
Equity-based compensation	—	—		—	—		74		—		74
Balance, September 30, 2019 (unaudited)	239,728	209,818		33,033,420	$	33	$	237,160	$	(240,958)	$	206,053

	Redeemable Preferred Stock Shares	Redeemable Preferred Stock		Common Shares	Common Stock (par)		Additional Paid-in Capital		Accumulated Deficit		Total Stockholders’ Equity
Balance, December 31, 2018 (audited)	245,883	$	215,973	33,018,161	$	33	$	249,662	$	(184,610)	$	281,058
Net loss	—	—		—	—		—		(56,348)		(56,348)
Issuance of common stock	—	—		58,009	—		419		—		419
Repurchase of common stock	—	—		(42,750)	—		(361)		—		(361)
Redemption of redeemable preferred stock	(6,155)	(6,155)		—	—		—		—		(6,155)
Preferred stock dividends	—	—		—	—		(12,806)		—		(12,806)
Equity-based compensation	—	—		—	—		246		—		246
Balance, September 30, 2019 (unaudited)	239,728	$	209,818	33,033,420	$	33	$	237,160	$	(240,958)	$	206,053

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Page 6

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

(1) Nature of Business

Organizational Structure

GWG Holdings, Inc. (“GWG Holdings”) conducts its life insurance secondary market business through a wholly-owned subsidiary, GWG Life, LLC (“GWG Life”), and GWG Life’s wholly-owned subsidiaries, GWG Life Trust, GWG DLP Funding IV, LLC (“DLP IV”) and GWG DLP Funding V Holdings, LLC (“DLP V Holdings”). DLP V Holdings is the sole member of GWG DLP Funding V, LLC (“DLP V”), which holds certain life insurance policies.

GWG Holdings’ has indirect interests in loans collateralized by cash flows from other alternative assets. These loans are held by The Beneficient Company Group, L.P. (“Ben LP,” including all of the subsidiaries it may have from time to time — “Beneficient”) and its general partner, Beneficient Management, L.L.C. (“Beneficient Management”). Prior to December 31, 2019, GWG Holdings’ investment in Beneficient was accounted for as an equity method investment. On December 31, 2019, as more fully described below, Beneficient became a consolidated subsidiary of GWG Holdings.

Ben LP is the general partner of Beneficient Company Holdings, L.P. (“BCH”) and owns 100% of the Class A Subclass A-1 and A-2 Units of BCH. BCH is the holding company that directly or indirectly receives all active and passive income of Beneficient and allocates that income among the units issued by BCH. As of September 30, 2020, BCH has issued general partnership Class A Units (Subclass A-1 and A-2), Class S Ordinary Units, Class S Preferred Units, FLP Units (Subclass 1 and Subclass 2), Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts, Preferred Series A Subclass 2 Unit Accounts, and Preferred Series C Unit Accounts. BCH issued to Ben LP Preferred Series A Subclass 2 Unit Accounts as part of the transaction with GWG Holdings discussed below. Preferred Series A Subclass 2 Unit Accounts hold the same rights and privileges as the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts. The 5th Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement (“LPA”) of BCH allows for Preferred Series A Subclass 0 Unit Accounts (“Preferred A.0”) to be issued once the trust charters are received (as discussed in more detail below).

GWG Holdings also has a financial interest in FOXO BioScience LLC (“FOXO”, formerly InsurTech Holdings, LLC), which, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries FOXO Labs Inc. (“FOXO Labs”, formerly, Life Epigenetics Inc.) and FOXO Life, LLC (“FOXO Life”, formerly, youSurance General Agency, LLC), seeks to commercialize epigenetic technology for the longevity industry and offer life insurance directly to customers utilizing epigenetic technology.

All of the aforementioned legal entities are organized in Delaware, other than GWG Life Trust, which is governed by the laws of the state of Utah. Unless the context otherwise requires or we specifically so indicate, all references in this report to “we,” “us,” “our,” “our Company,” “GWG,” or the “Company” refer to these entities collectively. Our headquarters are located in Dallas, Texas.

Nature of Business

GWG Holdings, through its wholly-owned subsidiary GWG Life, purchased life insurance policies in the secondary market and has built a large, actuarially diverse portfolio of life insurance policies backed by highly rated life insurance companies. These policies were purchased between April 2006 and November 2019 and were funded primarily through sales of L Bonds, as discussed in Note 10. Beginning in 2018, GWG Holdings made a strategic decision to reorient its business and increase capital allocated toward providing liquidity products to a broader range of alternative assets through investments in Beneficient. We believe that the investments in Beneficient will transform GWG Holdings from a niche provider of liquidity to owners of life insurance to a full-scale provider of trust and liquidity products and trust services to holders of a broad range of alternative assets.

As a result of such strategic decision, GWG Holdings’ business today is focused on raising capital from securities offerings and using the proceeds from such offerings to grow GWG Holdings’ alternative asset exposure through investments in Beneficient in the form of equity investments and/or loans to Beneficient or related entities. GWG Holdings believes funding Beneficient’s operations will generally produce higher actual and risk-adjusted returns than those we can achieve from life insurance policies acquired in the secondary market.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Furthermore, although we believe that our portfolio of life insurance policies is a meaningful component of a diversified alternative asset portfolio, we do not anticipate purchasing additional life insurance policies in the secondary market, and we continue to explore strategic alternatives for our life insurance portfolio aimed at maximizing its value, including a possible sale, refinancing or recapitalization of the portfolio.

Beneficient is a financial services firm based in Dallas, Texas that provides liquidity solutions for high net worth (“HNW”) individuals and small-to-mid- (“STM”) sized institutions, which previously had few options to obtain early liquidity for their alternative asset holdings. On September 25, 2018, Beneficient applied for trust charters from the Texas Department of Banking to merge into to-be organized limited trust associations. Beneficient submitted revised charter applications on March 6, 2020. As of November 19, 2020, the trust charters have not been issued to Beneficient. As such, Beneficient has closed a limited number of transactions to date, but intends to significantly expand its operations if and when the trust charters are issued.

Beneficient was formed in 2003 but began its current operations in September 2017. Beneficient operates primarily through its subsidiaries, which provide Beneficient’s products and services. These subsidiaries include: (i) Beneficient Capital Company, L.L.C. (“BCC”), through which Beneficient offers loans and liquidity products; (ii) Beneficient Administrative and Clearing Company, L.L.C. (“BACC”), through which Beneficient provides services for fund and trust administration and plans to provide custody services; (iii) Pen Indemnity Insurance Company, LTD (“Pen”), through which Beneficient plans to offer insurance services; and (iv) Ben Markets Management Holdings, L.P., formerly called ACE Portal, L.L.C. (“Ben Markets”), through which Beneficient plans to provide an online portal for direct access to Beneficient’s financial services and products.

Beneficient’s primary operations pertain to its liquidity products whereby Beneficient extends loans collateralized by cash flows from illiquid alternative assets and provides services to the trustees who administer the collateral. Beneficient’s core business products are its Exchange Trust, LiquidTrust and the InterChange Trust (introduced in 2020). Beneficient’s clients select one of these products and place their alternative assets into the custody trust that is a constituent member of a trust structure called the “ExAlt Plan™” (comprised of the Exchange Trusts, LiquidTrusts, Custody Trusts, Collective Trusts, and Funding Trusts). The ExAlt Plan™ then delivers to Beneficient’s clients the consideration required by the specific product selected by those clients. At the same time, Beneficient, extends a loan to the ExAlt Plan™. The proceeds (cash, securities of Ben LP or its affiliates, or other forms of consideration, as applicable) of that loan received by the ExAlt Plan™ are ultimately paid to the client. The cash flows from the client’s alternative asset support the repayment of the loan plus any related interest and fees.

In 2018 and 2019, GWG Holdings and GWG Life consummated a series of transactions (as more fully described below) with Beneficient that has resulted in a significant reorientation of the Company’s business and capital allocation strategy in addition to changes in the Company’s Board of Directors and executive management team.

The Exchange Transaction

On August 10, 2018 (the “Initial Transfer Date”), the first of two closings was completed (the “Initial Transfer”) as contemplated by a Master Exchange Agreement between GWG Holdings, GWG Life, Ben LP and certain other parties (the “Seller Trusts”), which governs the strategic exchange of assets among the parties (the “Exchange Transaction”). On the Initial Transfer Date:

•GWG Holdings issued to the Seller Trusts Seller Trust L Bonds due 2023 (the “Seller Trust L Bonds”) in an aggregate principal amount of $403.2 million, as more fully described below;

•Beneficient purchased 5,000,000 shares of GWG Holdings’ Series B Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share and having a stated value of $10 per share (“Series B”), for cash consideration of $50.0 million, which shares were subsequently transferred to the Seller Trusts;

•in consideration for GWG Holdings and GWG Life entering into the Master Exchange Agreement and consummating the transactions contemplated thereby, Ben LP, as borrower, entered into a commercial loan agreement (the “Commercial Loan Agreement”) with GWG Life, as lender, providing for a loan in a principal amount of $200.0 million (the “Commercial Loan”);

•Ben LP delivered to GWG Life a promissory note (the “Exchangeable Note”) in the principal amount of $162.9 million; and

•the Seller Trusts delivered to GWG Holdings 4,032,349 common units of Ben LP (“Common Units”) at an assumed value of $10 per unit.

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On December 28, 2018, the final closing of the above transaction occurred, and the following actions took place (the “Final Closing” and the date upon which the Final Closing occurred, the “Final Closing Date”):

•in accordance with the Master Exchange Agreement, and based on the net asset value of alternative asset financings as of the Final Closing Date, effective as of the Initial Transfer Date, (i) the principal amount of the Commercial Loan was reduced to $182.0 million, (ii) the principal amount of the Exchangeable Note was reduced to $148.2 million, and (iii) the principal amount of the Seller Trust L Bonds was reduced to $366.9 million;

•the Seller Trusts refunded to GWG Holdings $0.8 million in interest paid on the Seller Trust L Bonds related to the Seller Trust L Bonds that were issued as of the Initial Transfer Date but cancelled, effective as of the Initial Transfer Date, on the Final Closing Date;

•the accrued interest on the Commercial Loan and the Exchangeable Note was added to the principal amount of the Commercial Loan, as a result of which the principal amount of the Commercial Loan as of the Final Closing Date was $192.5 million;

•the Seller Trusts transferred to GWG Holdings an aggregate of 21,650,087 Common Units and GWG Holdings received 14,822,843 Common Units in exchange for the Exchangeable Note, upon completion of which GWG Holdings owned (including the 4,032,349 Common Units received by GWG Holdings on the Initial Transfer Date) 40,505,279 Common Units;

•Ben LP issued to GWG Holdings an option (the “Option Agreement”) to acquire the number of Common Units, interests or other property that would be received by a holder of Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts of BCH; and

•GWG Holdings issued to the Seller Trusts 27,013,516 shares of GWG Holdings common stock (including 5,000,000 shares issued upon conversion of the Series B).

Description of the Assets Exchanged

Seller Trust L Bonds

On August 10, 2018, in connection with the Initial Transfer, GWG Holdings, GWG Life and Bank of Utah, as trustee, entered into a Supplemental Indenture (the “Supplemental Indenture”) to the Amended and Restated Indenture dated as of October 23, 2017 (the “Amended and Restated Indenture”). GWG Holdings entered into the Supplemental Indenture to add and modify certain provisions of the Amended and Restated Indenture necessary to provide for the issuance of the Seller Trust L Bonds. The maturity date of the Seller Trust L Bonds is August 9, 2023. The Seller Trust L Bonds bear interest at 7.5% per year. Interest is payable monthly in cash.

After the second anniversary of the Final Closing Date, the holders of the Seller Trust L Bonds will have the right to cause GWG Holdings to repurchase, in whole but not in part, the Seller Trust L Bonds held by such holder. The repurchase may be paid, at GWG Holdings’ option, in the form of cash, a pro rata portion of (i) the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest under the Commercial Loan, and (ii) Common Units, or a combination of cash and such property.

The Seller Trust L Bonds are senior secured obligations of GWG Holdings, ranking junior only to all senior debt of GWG Holdings, pari passu in right of payment and in respect of collateral with all “L Bonds” of GWG Holdings (see Note 10), and senior in right of payment to all subordinated indebtedness of GWG Holdings. Payments under the Seller Trust L Bonds are guaranteed by GWG Life (see Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations).

Series B Convertible Preferred Stock

The Series B converted into 5,000,000 shares of GWG Holdings common stock at a conversion price of $10 per share upon the Final Closing.

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Commercial Loan

The $192.5 million principal amount under the Commercial Loan is due on August 9, 2023; however, it is extendable for 2 five-year terms. Ben LP's obligations under the Commercial Loan are unsecured.

The principal amount of the Commercial Loan bears interest at 5.0% per year. From and after the Final Closing Date, one-half of the interest, or 2.5% per year, is due and payable monthly in cash, and one-half of the interest, or 2.5% per year, accrues and compounds annually on each anniversary date of the Final Closing Date and becomes due and payable in full in cash on the maturity date.

In accordance with the Supplemental Indenture governing the issuance of the Seller Trust L Bonds, upon a redemption event or at the maturity date of the Seller Trust L Bonds, GWG Holdings, at its option, may use the outstanding principal amount of the Commercial Loan, and accrued and unpaid interest thereon, as repayment consideration of the Seller Trust L Bonds.

The Commercial Loan and its related interest are eliminated upon consolidation.

Exchangeable Note

At the Final Closing date, the principal amount of the Exchangeable Note was exchanged for 14,822,843 Common Units, and the accrued interest on the Exchangeable Note was added to the principal balance of the Commercial Loan.

Option Agreement

In connection with the Final Closing, GWG Holdings entered into the Option Agreement with Ben LP. The Option Agreement gave GWG Holdings the option to acquire the number of Common Units that would be received by the holder of Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts of BCH, if such holder were converting on that date. There was no exercise price and the Company could exercise the option at any time until December 27, 2028, at which time the option automatically settled. The carrying value of the Option Agreement eliminates upon consolidation.

Effective August 11, 2020, as a result of the Exchange Agreement entered into by the parties on December 31, 2019 (discussed below), and the mutual agreement of the parties, the Option Agreement was automatically exercised under the provisions of the Option Agreement. As such, GWG Holdings received $57.5 million of Common Units at a price per unit equal to $12.50 per unit. The exercise of the Option Agreement has no impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements as it is eliminated in consolidation.

Common Units of Ben LP

In connection with the Initial Transfer and Final Closing, the Seller Trusts and Beneficient delivered to GWG Holdings 40,505,279 Common Units. These units represented an approximate 89.9% interest in the Common Units as of the Final Closing Date (although, on a fully diluted basis, GWG Holdings’ ownership interest in Common Units would be reduced significantly below a majority of those issued and outstanding). These amounts eliminate upon consolidation.

Purchase and Contribution Agreement

On April 15, 2019, Jon R. Sabes, the former Chief Executive Officer and a former director of GWG Holdings, and Steven F. Sabes, the former Executive Vice President and a former director of GWG Holdings, entered into a Purchase and Contribution Agreement (the “Purchase and Contribution Agreement”) with, among others, Ben LP. Under the Purchase and Contribution Agreement, Jon and Steven Sabes agreed to transfer all 3,952,155 of the shares of GWG Holdings’ outstanding common stock held directly or indirectly by them to BCC (a subsidiary of Ben LP) and AltiVerse Capital Markets, L.L.C. (“AltiVerse”). AltiVerse is a limited liability company owned by an entity related to Beneficient’s founders, including Brad K. Heppner (GWG Holdings’ Chairman and Beneficient’s Chief Executive Officer and Chairman) and an entity related to Thomas O. Hicks (one of Beneficient’s current directors and a director of GWG Holdings). GWG Holdings was not a party to the Purchase Agreement; however, the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Purchase and Contribution Agreement (the “Purchase and Contribution Transaction”) were subject to certain conditions that were dependent upon GWG Holdings taking, or refraining from taking, certain actions. The closing of the Purchase and Contribution Transaction occurred on April 26, 2019.

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In connection with such closing, BCC and AltiVerse executed and delivered a Consent and Joinder to the Amended and Restated Pledge and Security Agreement dated October 23, 2017 by and among GWG Holdings, GWG Life, Messrs. Jon and Steven Sabes and the Bank of Utah, which provides that the shares of GWG Holdings’ common stock acquired by BCC and AltiVerse pursuant to the Purchase and Contribution Agreement will continue to be pledged as collateral security for GWG Holdings’ obligations owing in respect of the L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds.

The Investment and Exchange Agreements

On December 31, 2019, GWG Holdings, Ben LP, BCH, and Beneficient Management entered into a Preferred Series A Unit Account and Common Unit Investment Agreement (the “Investment Agreement”).

Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, GWG Holdings transferred $79.0 million to Ben LP in return for 666,667 Common Units and a Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of BCH.

In connection with the Investment Agreement, GWG Holdings obtained the right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of Beneficient Management, the general partner of Ben LP. As a result, GWG Holdings obtained control of Ben LP and began reporting the results of Ben LP and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis beginning on the transaction date of December 31, 2019. See Note 4 for more details on the accounting for the consolidation. GWG Holdings’ right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of Beneficient Management will terminate in the event (i) GWG Holdings’ ownership of the fully diluted equity of Ben LP (excluding equity issued upon the conversion or exchange of Preferred Series A Unit Accounts of BCH held as of December 31, 2019 by parties other than GWG Holdings) is less than 25%, (ii) the Continuing Directors of GWG Holdings cease to constitute a majority of the board of directors of GWG Holdings, or (iii) certain bankruptcy events occur with respect to GWG Holdings. The term “Continuing Directors” means, as of any date of determination, any member of the board of directors of GWG Holdings who: (1) was a member of the board of directors on December 31, 2019; or (2) was nominated for election or elected to the board of directors with the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors who were members of the board of directors at the time of such nomination or election.

Following the transaction, and as agreed upon in the Investment Agreement, GWG Holdings was issued an initial capital account balance for the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of $319.0 million. The other holders of the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts are principally an entity related to the founders of Ben LP and an entity related to one of the directors of both GWG Holdings and Beneficient (the “Related Account Holders”), and the aggregate capital accounts of all holders of the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts after giving effect to the investment by GWG Holdings was $1.6 billion. GWG Holdings’ Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account is the same class of preferred security as held by the Related Account Holders. If the Related Account Holders exchange their Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts for securities of GWG Holdings, the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of GWG Holdings will also convert into Common Units (so neither GWG Holdings nor the founders would hold Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts).

Also, on December 31, 2019, in a transaction related to the Investment Agreement, GWG Holdings transferred its interest in the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account to its wholly-owned subsidiary, GWG Life.

In addition, on December 31, 2019, GWG Holdings, Ben LP and the holders of Common Units entered into an Exchange Agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”) pursuant to which the holders of Common Units from time to time have the right, on a quarterly basis, to exchange their Common Units for common stock of GWG Holdings. The exchange ratio in the Exchange Agreement is based on the ratio of the capital account associated with the Common Units to be exchanged to the market price of GWG Holdings common stock based on the volume weighted average price of GWG Holdings common stock for the five consecutive trading days prior to the quarterly exchange date. The Exchange Agreement is intended to facilitate the marketing of Ben LP’s products to holders of alternative assets.

Preferred Series C Unit Purchase Agreement

On July 15, 2020, GWG Holdings entered into a Preferred Series C Unit Purchase Agreement (“UPA”) with Ben LP and BCH. The UPA was reviewed and approved by the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of GWG Holdings.

Pursuant to the UPA, and provided it has adequate liquidity, GWG Holdings has agreed to make capital contributions from time to time to BCH in exchange for Preferred Series C Unit accounts of BCH during a purchasing period commencing on the Effective Date and continuing until the earlier of (i) the occurrence of a Change of Control Event (as defined below) and (ii) the

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mutual agreement of the parties (the “Purchasing Period”). A “Change of Control Event” shall mean (A) the occurrence of an event that results in GWG Holdings’ ownership of the fully diluted equity of Beneficient is less than 25%, the Continuing Directors (as defined below) of GWG Holdings cease to constitute a majority of the board of directors of GWG Holdings, or certain bankruptcy events occur with respect to GWG Holdings, and (B) the listing of Common Units on a national securities exchange (a “Public Listing”). The term “Continuing Directors” means, as of any date of determination, any member of the board of directors of GWG Holdings who: (1) was a member of the board of directors on December 31, 2019; or (2) was nominated for election or elected to the board of directors with the approval of a majority of the Continuing Directors who were members of the board of directors at the time of such nomination or election.

If, on or prior to the end of the Purchasing Period, a Public Listing occurs, the BCH Purchased Units shall be automatically exchanged for Common Units, or another unit of Beneficient, as the parties may mutually agree (the “Beneficient Units”), at the lower of (i) the volume-weighted average of the Beneficient Units for the 20 trading days following the Public Listing, and (ii) $12.75.

In addition, at any time following the Effective Date, all or some of the Preferred Series C Unit Accounts purchased under the UPA may be exchanged for Beneficient Units at the option of the Company (exercised by its Special Committee of the Board of Directors or, if such committee is no longer in place, the appropriate governing body of the Company); provided that, if Company exchanges less than all of the Preferred Series C Unit Accounts purchased under the UPA, then, immediately after giving effect to such exchange, the Company shall be required to continue to hold Preferred Series C Unit Accounts with a capital account that is at least $10 million. The exchange price for such Beneficient Units shall be determined by third-party valuation agents selected by GWG Holdings and Beneficient.

The Exchange Transaction, the Purchase and Contribution Transaction, the Investment and Exchange Agreements, and the UPA, are referred to collectively as the “Beneficient Transactions”.

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation — The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) requirements for interim reporting, which allows certain footnotes and other financial information normally required by Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”) to be condensed or omitted. In our opinion, the condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustments) necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position and results of operations. These statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, filed with the SEC on March 27, 2020 (“2019 Form 10-K”). The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Significant accounting policies are detailed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s 2019 Form 10-K. Summarized below are those new or revised significant accounting policies, including those that resulted from the consolidation of Beneficient on December 31, 2019.

Use of Estimates — The preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenue during the reporting period. Management regularly evaluates estimates and assumptions, which are based on current facts, historical experience, management’s judgment, and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ materially and adversely from our estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to change, in the near term, relate to: the determination of the fair values of assets acquired, liabilities assumed and noncontrolling interests under business combinations accounting guidance; the determination of the assumptions used in estimating the fair value of our investments in life insurance policies; determining the grant date fair value for equity-based compensation awards; determining our allowance for loan losses; evaluation of potential impairment of goodwill and other intangibles; and the value of our deferred tax assets and liabilities.

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Loans Receivable — Loans are recorded at their fair value at the acquisition date, change-of-control date, or other liquidation event. Credit discounts are included in the determination of fair value; therefore, an allowance for loan losses is not recorded as of the date of valuation. Purchased loans are evaluated upon acquisition and classified as either purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) or non-purchased credit impaired (“non-PCI”).

PCI loans reflect credit deterioration since origination such that it is probable as of the date of valuation that Beneficient will be unable to collect all contractually required payments. For PCI loans, expected cash flows as of the date of valuation in excess of the fair value of loans are recorded as interest income over the life of the loans using a level yield method if the timing and amount of the future cash flows is reasonably estimable. Subsequently, increases in cash flows over those expected at the acquisition date are recognized prospectively as interest income. Decreases in expected cash flows due to credit deterioration are recognized by recording an allowance for loan loss. Beneficient does not report PCI loans as nonperforming due to the accretion of interest income.

For non-PCI loans, the difference between the fair value and unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) of the loan as of the date of valuation, referred to as a purchase premium or discount, is amortized or accreted to interest income over the contractual life of the loans using the effective interest method. In the event of prepayment, the remaining unamortized amount is recognized in interest income.

Impaired loans include non-accrual loans and partially charged-off loans. The accrual of interest on impaired loans is discontinued when, in management’s opinion, doubt exists about the full collectability of principal and interest. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all previously accrued and unpaid interest is charged against income. If the ultimate collectability of principal, wholly or partially, is in doubt, any payment received on a loan on which the accrual of interest has been suspended is applied to reduce principal first. Once all principal has been received, additional interest payments are recognized on a cash basis as interest income. Loans are returned to accrual status once collection of contractually required principal and interest is reasonably assured. At such time, the accrual of interest and amortization of any remaining discount shall resume. Any interest income that was applied to the principal balance is not reversed and is subsequently recognized as an adjustment to yield over the remaining life of the loan.

Allowance for Loan Losses — The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses in the portfolio. Management’s determination of the allowance is based upon an evaluation of the loan portfolio, impaired loans, economic conditions, volume, growth and composition of the collateral to the loan portfolio, and other risks inherent in the portfolio. Management applies risk factors to categories of loans and individually reviews all impaired loans above a de minimis threshold. Management relies heavily on statistical analysis, current net asset value (“NAV”) and distribution performance of the underlying alternative asset collateral and industry trends related to alternative asset investments to estimate losses. Management evaluates the adequacy of the allowance by reviewing relevant internal and external factors that affect credit quality. The cash flows generated from the collateral are the sole source of repayment of the loans and related interest. Beneficient recognizes the charge-off in the period in which it is confirmed. Therefore, impaired loans are written down to their estimated net present value.

Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets — Goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets are initially recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Goodwill and other intangible assets having an indefinite useful life are not amortized for financial statement purposes. In the event that facts and circumstances indicate that the goodwill or other identifiable intangible assets may be impaired, an interim impairment test would be required. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful lives. We perform required annual impairment tests of our goodwill and other intangible assets as of October 1 for our reporting units.

The goodwill impairment test requires us to make judgments and assumptions. The test consists of estimating the fair value of each reporting unit based on valuation techniques, including a discounted cash flow model using revenue and profit forecasts and recent industry transaction and trading multiples of our peers, and comparing those estimated fair values with the carrying values of the assets and liabilities of each reporting unit, which includes the allocated goodwill. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, we will recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, any loss recognized will not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

This evaluation includes multiple assumptions, including estimated discounted cash flows and other estimates that may change over time. If future discounted cash flows become less than those projected by us, future impairment charges may become

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necessary that could have a materially adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition in the period in which the write-off occurs.

Equity-Based Compensation — The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all equity-based payments at fair value on the grant date over the requisite service period. GWG Holdings uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options and stock appreciation rights. For restricted stock grants (including restricted stock units), fair value is determined as of the closing price of GWG Holdings’ common stock on the date of grant. As it is not publicly traded, Beneficient uses various methods to determine the grant date fair value of its equity-based compensation awards, as more fully described in Note 12.

Equity-based compensation expense is recorded in employee compensation and benefits in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The determination of fair value of equity-based payment awards on the date of grant is affected by our stock price and a number of subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to, the expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, the expected duration of the awards, the results of a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis and observable transactions. We account for the effects of forfeitures as they occur.

The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury rates at the date of grant with maturity dates approximately equal to the expected life at grant date. Volatility is based on the standard deviation of the average continuously compounded rate of return of five selected companies.

Earnings (Loss) per Common Share — Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to common shareholders are calculated using the weighted-average number of shares outstanding during the reported period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share are calculated based on the potential dilutive impact of our redeemable preferred stock (“RPS”), Series 2 redeemable preferred stock (“RPS 2”), restricted stock units, warrants (if applicable) and stock options.

Net earnings, less any preferred dividends accumulated for the period (whether or not declared), is allocated to common stock. Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares.

Diluted earnings per common share is computed in a similar manner, except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if potentially dilutive common shares were issued using the treasury stock method in the case of restricted stock units, warrants and options, or the if-converted method in the case of RPS and RPS 2. Our dilution calculation also takes into account the weighted average number of shares of a subsidiary that are exchangeable for shares of GWG Holdings common stock.

Reclassification — Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified for consistency with the current year presentation. Specifically, our equity method investment in FOXO as of December 31, 2019, was reclassified to other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheets to maintain consistency with the current year presentation. This reclassification had no effect on the reported results of operations.

Additionally, payments for issuances of L Bonds were previously combined with payments for redemptions of L Bonds in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. These payments are now presented separately within the cash flows from financing activities section. This change had no effect on the reported net cash flows provided by financing activities.

Newly Adopted Accounting Pronouncements — In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-04, Goodwill, (Topic 350). This standard simplifies how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. Under the new guidance, goodwill impairment loss will be measured on the basis of the fair value of the reporting unit relative to the reporting unit’s carrying amount rather than on the basis of the implied amount of goodwill relative to the goodwill balance of the reporting unit. ASU 2017-04 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those periods, for public business entities. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2020, and the adoption did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, which eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Certain of the amendments require prospective application, while the remainder require retrospective application. The Company adopted this ASU on January 1, 2020, and it did not have a material impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In March 2020, the SEC amended Regulation S-X to create Rules 13-01 and 13-02. These new rules reduce and simplify financial disclosure requirements for issuers and guarantors of registered debt offerings. Previously, with limited exceptions, a parent entity was required to provide detailed disclosures with regard to guarantors of registered debt offerings within the footnotes to the consolidated financial statements. Under the new regulations, disclosure exceptions have been expanded and required disclosures may be provided within Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations rather than in the notes to the financial statements. Further, summarized financial information covering guarantor balance sheets and income statements are permitted, replacing the previously required condensed consolidating financial statements. Summarized financial information only needs be disclosed for the current fiscal year rather than all years presented in the financial statements as was previously required. The amendments were subsequently included in the FASB codification through the issuance of ASU No. 2020-09, Debt (Topic 470) in October 2020. The guidance will become effective for filings on or after January 4, 2021, with early adoption permitted. The Company elected to early adopt the new regulations during the second quarter of 2020. Our summarized guarantor financial information is now presented in Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Accounting Pronouncements Issued But Not Yet Adopted — In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which changes the impairment model for most financial assets and certain other instruments, including trade and other receivables, held-to-maturity debt securities and loans. There have been numerous codification improvements and technical corrections issued through subsequent ASUs since the issuance of ASU No. 2016-13. The standard requires entities to use a new, forward-looking “expected loss” model that is expected to generally result in the earlier recognition of allowances for losses. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those years, for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC, but early adoption is permitted. The Company is evaluating the potential impact of this guidance on our consolidated financial statements.

ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes: Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (Topic 740), was issued in December 2019. The amendments in ASU 2019-12 eliminate certain exceptions related to the approach for intraperiod tax allocation, the methodology for calculating income taxes in an interim period and the recognition of deferred tax liabilities for outside basis differences. ASU 2019-12 also clarifies and simplifies other aspects of the accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, for public business entities. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) was issued in March 2020. The amendments in ASU 2020-04 provide optional expedients and exceptions for applying GAAP to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions affected by reference rate reform if certain criteria are met. ASU 2020-04 can be applied by all entities as of the beginning of the interim period that includes March 12, 2020, or any date thereafter, and entities may elect to apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2022. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

ASU 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity was issued in August 2020. The amendments in ASU 2020-06 simplify the accounting for convertible instruments by removing major separation models and removing certain settlement condition qualifiers for the derivatives scope exception for contracts in an entity’s own equity, and simplify the related diluted net income per share calculation for both Subtopics. ASU 2020-06 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2023, for smaller reporting companies, as defined by the SEC. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company is evaluating the impact of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

(3) Restrictions on Cash

Under the terms of our second amended and restated senior credit facility with LNV Corporation (“LNV Credit Facility”, discussed further in Note 10), we are required to maintain collection and payment accounts that are used to collect policy benefits from pledged policies, pay annual policy premiums, interest and other charges under the facility, distribute funds to pay down the facility, and distribute excess funds to the borrower (GWG DLP Funding IV, LLC).

The agents for the lender authorize the disbursements from these accounts. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, there was a balance of $16.0 million and $20.3 million, respectively, in these collection and payment accounts.

(4) Business Combination

Prior to December 31, 2019, GWG Holdings owned 41,505,279 Common Units, for a total limited partnership interest in the Common Units of approximately 90.2%. This investment was historically accounted for using the equity method (see Note 8). On December 31, 2019, GWG Holdings entered into the Investment Agreement and Exchange Agreement as described in Note 1.

Pursuant to the Investment Agreement, GWG Holdings transferred $79.0 million to Ben LP in return for 666,667 additional Common Units and a Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of BCH, which increased GWG Holdings’ ownership of Common Units to approximately 95.5%. Also, on December 31, 2019, in a transaction related to the Investment Agreement, GWG Holdings transferred its interest in the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account to its wholly-owned subsidiary, GWG Life. In connection with the Investment Agreement, GWG Holdings obtained the right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of Beneficient Management, the general partner of Ben LP. As a result, GWG Holdings obtained control of Ben LP, resulting in the consolidation of Ben LP as of December 31, 2019, in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations.

As a result of the change-of-control, GWG Holdings was required to remeasure its existing equity investment at fair value prior to consolidation. At December 31, 2019, GWG Holdings’ equity investment in Common Units had a carrying value of $368.6 million, prior to the additional investment noted above. GWG Holdings estimated the fair value of its preexisting investment in Ben LP to be approximately $622.5 million, resulting in the recognition of a gain, which is provisional, of $253.9 million during the fourth quarter of 2019. This gain was included in gain on consolidation of equity method investment in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2019. This gain was partially offset by the remeasurement to fair value of the Commercial Loan Agreement between GWG Life and Ben LP and the Option Agreement between GWG Holdings and Ben LP, which resulted in a net loss of $4.2 million. The net gain on consolidation of equity method investment after remeasurement of these preexisting balances was $249.7 million. GWG Holdings’ proportionate share of the earnings or losses from Ben LP was recognized in earnings (loss) from equity method investment in the consolidated statement of operations from August 10, 2018 until December 31, 2019 (see Note 8 for further information) and was previously recorded on a one-quarter lag basis. In connection with the consolidation of Beneficient, the one-quarter lag was discontinued.

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The following table summarizes the fair value measurement of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):

	Fair Value at Acquisition Date		Measurement Period Adjustments(1)		Adjusted Fair Value at Acquisition Date
ASSETS
Loans receivable(1)	$	232,344	$	(26,116)	$	206,228
Fees receivable	29,168		—		29,168
Investment in public equity securities	24,550		—		24,550
Other assets	14,053		—		14,053
Intangible assets(2)	3,449		—		3,449
Total identifiable assets acquired	303,564		(26,116)		277,448
LIABILITIES
Other borrowings	153,086		—		153,086
Commercial loan agreement from parent	168,420		—		168,420
Other liabilities and deferred revenue	105,866		—		105,866
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	13,713		—		13,713
Total liabilities assumed	441,085		—		441,085
Net liabilities assumed	(137,521)		(26,116)		(163,637)
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
Common Units not owned by GWG Holdings(3)	181,383		—		181,383
Class S Ordinary Units	85,448		—		85,448
Class S Preferred Units	17		—		17
Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts	1,269,654		—		1,269,654
Total noncontrolling interests	1,536,502		—		1,536,502
ACQUISITION CONSIDERATION
Cash, less cash acquired	61,479		—		61,479
Fair value of preexisting investment in Common Units(4)	622,503		—		622,503
Fair value of noncontrolling interest	1,536,502		—		1,536,502
Total estimated consideration	2,220,484		—		2,220,484
Less: Net liabilities assumed	(137,521)		(26,116)		(163,637)
Resulting preliminary goodwill	$	2,358,005	$	26,116	$	2,384,121

______________________________________________

(1)As a result of additional information obtained about the collateral value used in the valuation of the loan portfolio for certain collateral dependent loans, the Company recorded measurement period adjustments during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, which resulted in a decrease to loans receivable of $26.1 million with a corresponding adjustment to goodwill. The measurement period adjustments are comprised of $14.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020 and $11.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2020.

(2)Includes an insurance license valued at $3.1 million and a non-compete agreement valued at $0.3 million.

(3)Calculated as 1,974,677 Common Units not owned by GWG Holdings at December 31, 2019, multiplied by the $15 per unit derived from the enterprise valuation of Beneficient on that date. Also includes $151.8 million of equity-based payment awards that were granted by Beneficient prior to the change in control but were not replaced by awards of GWG Holdings upon the change in control. These awards were treated as noncontrolling interests in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations.

(4)Calculated as 41,505,279 Common Units owned by GWG Holdings prior to the change in control multiplied by the $15 per unit derived from the enterprise valuation of Beneficient.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Methods Used to Determine Equity Value and to Fair Value Assets and Liabilities

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used to estimate the fair value of equity and the fair values of major categories of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. In many cases, determining the fair value of equity and the acquired assets and assumed liabilities required management to estimate cash flows expected from those assets and liabilities and to discount those cash flows at appropriate rates of interest. This determination required the utilization of significant estimates and management judgment in accounting for the change-of-control event.

Loans receivable — The loan portfolio was valued using current accounting guidance that defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Level 3 inputs were utilized to value the loan portfolio and included the use of present value techniques employing cash flow estimates and incorporated assumptions that marketplace participants would use in estimating fair values, specifically market interest rate and general credit fair value assumptions. In instances where reliable market information was not available, management used assumptions in an effort to determine reasonable fair value. There was no carryover related allowance for loan losses.

Cash and cash equivalents and fees receivable — Cash and cash equivalents and fees receivable were valued using their current carrying amounts, which approximate fair value.

Investment in public equity securities — The fair value of the investments in public equity securities was determined using quoted market prices. As these were investments by Beneficient in the common stock of GWG Holdings, these amounts were eliminated in consolidation and treated as treasury stock.

Other assets — Other assets include miscellaneous receivables that were valued using the current carrying amount as that amount approximates fair value due to the relatively short time between their origination date and the fair value date. Miscellaneous intercompany receivables were eliminated in consolidation.

Intangible assets — Intangible assets include an insurance license and a non-compete agreement. Both assets were valued using their current carrying amount, which approximates fair value.

Other borrowings and commercial loan agreement from parent — The measurement of the fair value of other borrowings and Commercial Loan Agreement from parent was based on market prices that generally are observable for similar liabilities at commonly quoted intervals and is considered a level 2 fair value measurement. The Commercial Loan Agreement between Beneficient and GWG Life was eliminated in consolidation.

Other liabilities and deferred revenue — The carrying amounts of other liabilities and deferred revenue approximate their fair value. The Option Agreement between Beneficient and GWG Holdings was eliminated in consolidation.

Accounts payable and accrued expenses — Due to their short-term nature, the carrying amounts of accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate the fair value. Miscellaneous intercompany payables were eliminated in consolidation.

Noncontrolling interests — The values for each noncontrolling interest component were calculated after determination of an overall enterprise value for the Company. The enterprise value of the Company was determined using the Option Pricing Model (“OPM”) Backsolve approach under the market method. The OPM Backsolve approach uses a Black-Scholes option pricing model to calculate the implied equity value of the firm. Once an overall equity value was determined, amounts were allocated to the various classes of equity based on the security class preferences. The inputs to the OPM Backsolve approach are the equity value for one component of the capital structure, expected time to exit, the risk-free interest rate and an assumed volatility based on the volatility of similar publicly traded companies. The OPM Backsolve estimates include Level 3 inputs.

Goodwill — The resulting excess of the overall enterprise value after deducting the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recognized as goodwill. The goodwill recognized is the result of the inherent value associated with the assembled business after all separately identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed are deducted from the enterprise value. The excess estimated enterprise value of Beneficient over the fair value of its net assets is primarily attributable to the potentially large and underserved market that Beneficient is seeking to address, including the estimated demand from HNW individuals and STM size institutions seeking liquidity for their professionally managed alternative assets. None of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. The goodwill is allocated to our Beneficient reporting unit.

Page 18

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The initial accounting for the estimates of equity values, which includes noncontrolling interests, the fair value of loans receivable, and any separately identifiable intangibles was based on the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date. Should management obtain new information during the measurement period, in addition to that discussed above, about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date, further adjustments to the fair values assigned to these items could occur during the measurement period of up to one year from the acquisition date. Any such adjustment will result in corresponding adjustments to goodwill.

The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations of GWG Holdings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, as if the acquisition of Ben LP had occurred as of January 1, 2019 (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2019		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Total Revenue
Pro forma	$	36,532	$	123,242
As reported	22,211		71,439
Net Loss Attributable to Common Shareholders
Pro forma	$	(26,761)	$	(66,564)
As reported	(24,635)		(69,154)
Net Loss per Diluted Common Share
Pro forma	$	(0.81)	$	(2.02)
As reported	(0.75)		(2.09)

The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes only. It is not necessarily indicative of what our condensed consolidated results of operations actually would have been had the acquisition occurred at the beginning of each year, nor does it attempt to project the future results of operations of the combined company.

The unaudited pro forma financial information above gives effect to the following:

•Deconsolidation of certain Beneficient trusts included in the ExAlt Plan™;

•Reduction of Beneficient interest expense related to acquisition-date debt principal payments; and

•Elimination of intercompany transactions, including the Commercial Loan Agreement and Option Agreement.

(5) Investment in Life Insurance Policies

The Company’s investments in life insurance policies include unobservable inputs that are significant to their overall fair value. Changes in the fair value of these policies, net of premiums paid, are recorded in gain (loss) on life insurance policies, net in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Fair value is determined on a discounted cash flow basis that incorporates life expectancy assumptions generally derived from reports obtained from widely accepted life expectancy providers (other than insured lives covered under small face amount policies — those with $1.0 million in face value benefits or less — which utilize either a single fully underwritten, or simplified report based on self-reported medical interview), assumptions relating to cost-of-insurance (premium) rates and other assumptions. The discount rate we apply incorporates information about the discount rates observed in the life insurance secondary market through competitive bidding observations (which have recently declined for us as a result of our decreased purchase activity) and other means, fixed income market interest rates, the estimated credit exposure to the insurance companies that issued the life insurance policies and management’s estimate of the operational risk yield premium a purchaser would require to receive the future cash flows derived from our portfolio as a whole. Management has significant discretion regarding the combination of these and other factors when determining the discount rate. As a result of management’s analysis, a discount rate of 8.25% was applied to our portfolio as of both September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Page 19

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Portfolio Information

Our portfolio of life insurance policies, owned by our subsidiaries as of September 30, 2020, is summarized below:

Life Insurance Portfolio Summary

Total life insurance portfolio face value of policy benefits (in thousands)	$	1,921,067
Average face value per policy (in thousands)	$	1,777
Average face value per insured life (in thousands)	$	1,913
Weighted average age of insured (years)		82.9
Weighted average life expectancy estimate (years)		6.9
Total number of policies		1,081
Number of unique lives		1,004
Demographics		74% Male; 26% Female
Number of smokers		43
Largest policy as % of total portfolio face value		0.7	%
Average policy as % of total portfolio face value		0.1	%
Average annual premium as % of face value		3.7	%

A summary of our policies organized according to their estimated life expectancy dates, grouped by year, as of the reporting date, is as follows (dollars in thousands):

	As of September 30, 2020					As of December 31, 2019
Years Ending December 31,	Number of Policies	Estimated Fair Value		Face Value		Number of Policies	Estimated Fair Value		Face Value
Three months ending December 31, 2020	3	$	3,351	$	3,375	8	$	5,869	$	6,342
2021	25	24,270		28,848		55	62,061		79,879
2022	66	67,724		93,448		90	89,074		138,723
2023	114	114,510		184,202		128	123,352		222,369
2024	118	126,943		228,041		109	103,111		217,053
2025	111	86,759		194,267		113	74,223		171,961
Thereafter	644	363,703		1,188,886		648	338,349		1,184,646
Totals	1,081	$	787,260	$	1,921,067	1,151	$	796,039	$	2,020,973

We recognized life insurance benefits of $39.8 million and $27.5 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to policies with a carrying value of $13.5 million and $6.6 million, respectively, and as a result recorded realized gains of $26.3 million and $20.8 million, respectively. We recognized life insurance benefits of $105.2 million and $80.9 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, related to policies with a carrying value of $32.3 million and $20.7 million, respectively, and as a result recorded realized gains of $72.9 million and $60.2 million, respectively. The aforementioned carrying value, which represents the aggregate cost basis in the policies that matured during the period, is considered a return of investment within the investing section of the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows. Changes in fair value of policies and the other components of the net gain on life insurance policies, as detailed below, are included in the operating section of the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.

Page 20

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

A reconciliation of gain (loss) on life insurance policies is as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Change in estimated probabilistic cash flows(1)	$	14,723	$	17,908	$	47,923	$	52,161
Unrealized gain on acquisitions(2)	0		472		0		6,775
Premiums and other annual fees	(18,235)		(17,219)		(53,060)		(49,055)
Face value of matured policies	39,803		27,470		105,194		80,927
Fair value of matured policies	(22,169)		(10,839)		(56,702)		(31,590)
Gain on life insurance policies, net	$	14,122	$	17,792	$	43,355	$	59,218

___________________________________________

(1)Change in fair value of expected future cash flows relating to our investment in life insurance policies that are not specifically attributable to changes in life expectancy, discount rate changes or policy maturity events.

(2)Gain resulting from fair value in excess of the purchase price for life insurance policies acquired during the reporting period. There were no policy acquisitions during the three or nine months ended September 30, 2020.

Estimated premium payments and servicing fees required to maintain our current portfolio of life insurance policies in force for the next five years, assuming no mortalities, are as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending December 31,	Premiums		Servicing		Total
Three months ending December 31, 2020	$	13,088	$	405	$	13,493
2021	78,959		1,620		80,579
2022	91,220		1,620		92,840
2023	102,859		1,620		104,479
2024	112,033		1,620		113,653
2025	124,556		1,620		126,176
	$	522,715	$	8,505	$	531,220

Management funds the majority of the premium payments and servicing fees estimated above from cash flows realized from life insurance policy benefits, and to the extent necessary, with additional borrowing capacity created as the premiums and servicing costs of pledged life insurance policies become due, under the LNV Credit Facility and the net proceeds from our offering of L Bonds as described in Note 10. Management funds premiums and servicing costs of non-pledged life insurance policies with cash flows realized from life insurance policy benefits from our portfolio of life insurance policies and net proceeds from our offering of L Bonds. The proceeds of these capital sources are used for: additional allocations to Beneficient; policy premiums and servicing costs of life insurance policies; working capital; and financing expenditures including paying principal, interest and dividends.

(6) Loans Receivable

Beneficient Loans Receivable

Loans receivable held by the Company as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, were originated primarily through the initial capitalization transactions of Beneficient in 2017 and 2018. These loans are collateralized by the cash flows from the portfolio of alternative assets held in the custody of certain trusts of the ExAlt Plan™. The outstanding principal balance was $460.6 million and $425.9 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, which included $200.6 million and $154.7 million of inception-to-date interest income paid-in-kind, respectively.

Components of the carrying value of loans receivable were as follows for the periods presented below (in thousands):

	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Loans receivable, net of discount	$	229,961	$	232,344
Allowance for loan losses	(2,914)		0
Loans receivable, net	$	227,047	$	232,344

Page 21

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

As described in Note 4, on December 31, 2019, a change-of-control event occurred that resulted in the application of push-down accounting, and all of Beneficient’s assets and liabilities were recorded at fair value. Certain of the purchased loans were determined to be PCI loans under ASC 310-30, Loans and Debt Securities Acquired with Deteriorated Credit Quality, as defined in Note 2, with the remaining loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs. For loans accounted for under ASC 310-20, the discount arising due to the difference between each loan’s carrying value and the estimated fair value at the time of acquisition will be accreted into interest income over its remaining contractual life. Should management obtain new information about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date, additional adjustments to the fair values assigned to acquired loans could occur during the measurement period of one year from the acquisition date.

The following table reflects the fair value of non-PCI and PCI loans as of December 31, 2019, the date of the change-of control (in thousands):

Fair value of non-PCI loans	$	86,436
Fair value of PCI loans	$	145,908

The fair values above do not include the downward measurement period adjustments totaling $26.1 million discussed in Note 4.

The following table reflects the outstanding principal balance and carrying amounts of the non-PCI loans (in thousands):

	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Carrying Value		Unpaid Balance		Carrying Value		Unpaid Balance
Loans receivable	$	93,625	$	140,997	$	86,436	$	129,304

The following table reflects the outstanding principal balance and carrying amounts of the PCI loans (in thousands):

	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Carrying Value		Unpaid Balance		Carrying Value		Unpaid Balance
Loans receivable	$	133,422	$	319,607	$	145,908	$	296,627

As of December 31, 2019, total contractually required payments receivable, including interest, on PCI loans over the remaining contract period was $772.2 million. This assumes all loans accrue interest through maturity, with maturities on loans that existed at December 31, 2019 ranging from 2029 to 2030. Cash flows expected to be collected at the acquisition date totaled $235.6 million. The difference between total cash flows expected to be collected and the fair value of the loans represents accretable yield.

The following table presents a rollforward of the accretable yield for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Balance, beginning of period	$	66,383	$	89,647
Accretion	(7,899)		(22,863)
Decrease in accretable yield(a)	0		(8,300)
Balance, end of period	$	58,484	$	58,484

___________________________________________

(a)Includes changes in the accretable yield due to both transfers from the nonaccretable difference and the impact of changes in the expected timing of cash flows.

Page 22

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The changes in the allowance for loan losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Beginning balance	$	7,900	$	0
(Recapture) provision	(4,986)		2,914
Charge-offs and other, net	0		0
Ending balance	$	2,914	$	2,914

As of September 30, 2020, the allowance for loan losses was $2.9 million, $2.3 million of which was related to PCI loans. There were 0 net charge-offs related to PCI loans during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, a loan loss provision recapture of $5.0 million was recorded, all of which was related to PCI loans. The quarter-to-date loan loss provision recapture was due to an increase in expected cash flows from the underlying collateral for certain PCI loans. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, a loan loss provision expense of $2.9 million was recorded, $2.3 million of which was related to PCI loans. The year-to-date loan loss provision expense was primarily due to a decrease in expected cash flows.

As a result of the push-down accounting described in Note 4, the loans were recorded at fair value and there was no carryover allowance for loan losses recorded as of December 31, 2019.

Promissory Note-LiquidTrusts

On May 31, 2019, GWG Life entered into a Promissory Note (the “Promissory Note”), made by Jeffrey S. Hinkle and Dr. John A. Stahl, not in their individual capacity but solely as trustees of The LT-1 LiquidTrust, The LT-2 LiquidTrust, The LT-5 LiquidTrust, The LT-7 LiquidTrust, The LT-8 LiquidTrust and The LT-9 LiquidTrust (collectively, the “LiquidTrust Borrowers”). Pursuant to the terms of the Promissory Note, GWG Life funded a term loan to the LiquidTrust Borrowers in an aggregate principal amount of $65.0 million (the “Loan”). The Loan was made pursuant to GWG Holdings’ strategy to further diversify into alternative assets (beyond life insurance) and ancillary businesses and was intended to better position Beneficient’s balance sheet, working capital and liquidity profile to satisfy anticipated Texas Department of Banking regulatory requirements. The Loan bears interest at 7.0% per annum, with interest payable at maturity, and matures on June 30, 2023.

The loan is reported in financing receivables from affiliates in the consolidated balance sheets and included accrued interest receivable of $2.2 million as of December 31, 2019. There was 0 allowance for loan losses related to the Promissory Note as of December 31, 2019.

On September 30, 2020, GWG Holdings, GWG Life, BCH, Ben LP, BCC, and the LiquidTrust Borrowers entered into an agreement (the “Promissory Note Repayment”) by which the parties agreed to repay the Promissory Note and any related accrued interest for a $75.0 million Preferred Series C Unit Account (the “Preferred C”) of BCH that Ben LP issued to the LiquidTrust Borrowers for no consideration; however, the transaction ultimately increased the value of the collateral of Beneficient's loan portfolio. The $75.0 million of Preferred C received by GWG Life was transferred to GWG Holdings upon execution of the Promissory Note Conversion, which increased GWG Holdings’ ownership percentage in Beneficient. As part of the agreement, if Beneficient has not received a trust charter as of the one-year anniversary of the Promissory Note Conversion, or if no trust charter filing is still pending or in the process of being refiled, GWG Holdings would receive an additional $5.0 million of Preferred C. The outstanding balance of the Promissory Note on September 30, 2020, immediately prior to the transaction, with accrued and unpaid interest thereon, was $70.6 million.

As a result of the change in ownership while GWG Holdings retained a controlling interest, a rebalancing of the noncontrolling interests was performed in accordance with ASC 810-10. Ultimately, the transaction resulted in a $26.3 million decrease to noncontrolling interests based on the rebalancing of equity performed as a result of GWG Holdings’ receipt of additional Preferred C, a $70.6 million decrease to financing receivables from affiliates, and a resulting $44.3 million decrease to additional paid-in-capital in GWG Holdings’ condensed consolidated financial statements. The Preferred C that was received by GWG Holdings is eliminated in consolidation.

Page 23

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

(7) Fair Value Definition and Hierarchy

ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures (“ASC 820”), establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework that prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring assets and liabilities at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of investment, the characteristics specific to the investment and the state of the marketplace, including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Assets and liabilities with readily available and actively quoted prices, or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices in an orderly market, generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

ASC 820 maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring the use of observable inputs whenever available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from third-party sources. Unobservable inputs are inputs that reflect assumptions about how market participants price an asset or liability based on the best available information. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (i.e., the “exit price”) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (a non-distressed transaction in which neither seller nor buyer is compelled to engage in the transaction).

The fair value hierarchy prioritizes the inputs into three levels based on the observability of inputs as follows:

Level 1 —    Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access as of the measurement date. Valuations are based on quoted prices that are readily and regularly available in an active market.

Level 2 —    Valuations based quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable market data.

Level 3 —    Valuations based on inputs that are unobservable, are derived from other valuation methodologies, including option pricing models, discounted cash flow models and similar techniques, and are not based on market exchange, dealer, or broker traded transactions. Level 3 valuations incorporate certain assumptions and projections in determining the fair value assigned to such instruments.

A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The availability of observable inputs can vary by types of assets and liabilities and is affected by a wide variety of factors, including, for example, whether an instrument is established in the marketplace, the liquidity of markets and other characteristics particular to the transaction. To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by management in determining fair value is greatest for assets and liabilities categorized in Level 3.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis

The Company’s financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis, including the level in the fair value hierarchy, on September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 are presented below (in thousands).

	As of September 30, 2020
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Investments in put options	$	11,584	$	0	$	0	$	11,584
Investments in life insurance policies	0		0		787,260		787,260
	As of December 31, 2019
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Investments in life insurance policies	$	0	$	0	$	796,039	$	796,039

The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for financial instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

Investment in put options

On July 17, 2020, Beneficient, through its subsidiary CT Risk Management, L.L.C., made aggregate payments of $14.8 million to purchase put options against a decrease in the S&P 500 Index. The options have an aggregate notional amount of $300.0 million and are designed to protect the net asset value of the interests in alternative assets that collateralize Beneficient’s loan portfolio against market risk. One-half of the put options expire in July 2022 with the remaining put options expiring in July 2023. Changes in the fair value of the options are recognized directly in earnings. The fair value of the options is recorded in the other assets line item of the condensed consolidated balance sheets, and changes in the fair value of the options are recognized directly in earnings in the other income (loss) line item of the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Investments in life insurance policies

The estimated fair value of our portfolio of life insurance policies is determined on a quarterly basis by management taking into consideration a number of factors, including changes in discount rate assumptions, estimated premium payments and life expectancy estimate assumptions, as well as any changes in economic and other relevant conditions. The discount rate incorporates information about discount rates observed in the life insurance secondary market through competitive bidding observations (which have declined recently as a result of our decreased purchase activity) and other means, fixed income market interest rates, the estimated credit exposure to the insurance company that issued the life insurance policy and management’s estimate of the operational risk yield premium a purchaser would require to receive the future cash flows derived from our portfolio as a whole. Management has significant discretion regarding the combination of these and other factors when determining the discount rate.

Under our Longest Life Expectancy portfolio valuation methodology, we: i) utilize life expectancy reports from third-party life expectancy providers for the pricing of all life insurance policies; ii) apply a stable valuation methodology driven by the experience of our life insurance portfolio, which is re-evaluated if experience deviates by a specified margin; and iii) use relevant market observations that can be validated and mapped to the discount rate used to value the life insurance portfolio.

These inputs are then used to estimate the discounted cash flows from the portfolio using the ClariNet LS probabilistic and stochastic portfolio pricing model from ClearLife Limited, which estimates the expected cash flows using various mortality probabilities and scenarios. The valuation process includes a review by senior management as of each quarterly valuation date. We also engage ClearLife Limited to prepare a net present value calculation of our life insurance portfolio using the inputs we provide on a quarterly basis.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The following table reconciles the beginning and ending fair value of our Level 3 investments in our portfolio of life insurance policies (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Beginning balance	$	794,706	$	799,266	$	796,039	$	747,922
Total gain in earnings(1)	6,021		14,181		23,476		48,031
Purchases	0		711		0		32,250
Settlements(2)	(13,467)		(6,640)		(32,255)		(20,685)
Transfers into Level 3	0		0		0		0
Transfers out of Level 3	0		0		0		0
Ending balance	$	787,260	$	807,518	$	787,260	$	807,518

_________________________________________

(1)Net change in fair value

(2)Policy maturities at initial cost basis

The net activity in the table above is reported in gain on life insurance policies, net, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

There have been no transfers between levels for any assets or liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis or any changes in the valuation techniques used for measuring the fair value as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The following table provides quantitative information about the significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s Level 3 fair value assets:

	As of September 30, 2020			As of December 31, 2019
Weighted-average age of insured, years*	82.9			82.4
Age of insured range, years	63-100			62-101
Weighted-average life expectancy, months*	82.8			86.2
Life expectancy range, months	0-240			0-240
Average face amount per policy (in thousands)	$	1,777		$	1,756
Discount rate	8.25		%	8.25		%

_______________________________

(*)Weighted-average by face amount of policy benefits

Life expectancy estimates and market discount rates for a portfolio of life insurance policies are inherently uncertain and the effect of changes in estimates may be significant. For example, if the life expectancy estimates were increased or decreased by four and eight months on each outstanding policy, and the discount rates were increased or decreased by 1% and 2%, with all other variables held constant, the fair value of our investment in life insurance policies would increase or decrease as summarized below (in thousands):

	Change in Life Expectancy Estimates
	Minus 8 months		Minus 4 months		Plus 4 months		Plus 8 months
September 30, 2020	$	98,909	$	46,028	$	(62,483)	$	(115,452)
December 31, 2019	$	113,812	$	57,753	$	(55,905)	$	(111,340)
	Change in Discount Rate
	Minus 2%		Minus 1%		Plus 1%		Plus 2%
September 30, 2020	$	84,613	$	40,314	$	(36,802)	$	(70,497)
December 31, 2019	$	91,890	$	43,713	$	(39,790)	$	(76,118)

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Financial instruments measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis

There were no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2020. As of December 31, 2019, Beneficient’s assets and liabilities were recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheet due to the application of purchase accounting in accordance with ASC 805 as described in Note 4.

Carrying amounts and estimated fair values

The Company is required to disclose the estimated fair value of financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, for which it is practicable to estimate those values. These fair value estimates are determined based on relevant market information and information about the financial instruments. Fair value estimates are intended to represent the price at which an asset could be sold or the price at which a liability could be settled. However, given there is no active market or observable market transactions for many of the Company’s financial instruments, estimates of fair values are subjective in nature, involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimated values. Nonfinancial instruments are excluded from disclosure requirements.

The carrying amounts and estimated fair values of the Company’s financial instruments not recorded at fair value were as noted in the tables below (in thousands).

	As of September 30, 2020
	Level in Fair Value Hierarchy	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Financial assets:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	1	$	109,756	$	109,756
Life insurance policy benefits receivable, net	1	36,418		36,418
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses and discount	3	227,047		257,764
Fees receivable	1	31,571		31,571
Financial liabilities:
Senior credit facility	2	$	203,907	$	213,117
L Bonds and Seller Trust L bonds	2	1,521,411		1,638,227
Other borrowings	2	100,178		101,368
Other liabilities	1	57,056		57,056

	As of December 31, 2019
	Level in Fair Value Hierarchy	Carrying Amount		Estimated Fair Value
Financial assets:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	1	$	99,331	$	99,331
Life insurance policy benefits receivable, net	1	23,031		23,031
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses and discount	3	232,344		232,344
Fees receivable	1	29,168		29,168
Financing receivables from affiliates	2	67,153		59,608
Financial liabilities:
Senior credit facility with LNV Corporation	2	$	174,390	$	184,587
L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds	2	1,293,530		1,390,288
Other borrowings	2	153,086		153,086
Other liabilities	1	44,352		44,352

Other liabilities is comprised of the interest and dividends payable and accounts payable and accrued expenses line items on the condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

(8) Equity Method Investments

FOXO BioScience LLC (formerly, InsurTech Holdings, LLC)

On November 11, 2019, GWG contributed the common stock and membership interests of its wholly-owned subsidiaries, FOXO Labs and FOXO Life (“Insurtech Subsidiaries”), to a legal entity, FOXO, in exchange for a membership interest in FOXO. Although GWG Holdings currently owns 100% of FOXO’s equity, we do not have a controlling financial interest in FOXO because the managing member has substantive participating rights. Therefore, we account for our ownership interest in FOXO as an equity method investment.

The transaction resulted in a loss of control of the Insurtech Subsidiaries and, as a result, we deconsolidated the subsidiaries and recorded an equity method investment balance during the fourth quarter of 2019. The loss of control required us to measure the equity investment at fair value. We determined the fair value of our investment in FOXO approximated the carrying value of $3.4 million, which was primarily comprised of cash and fixed assets contributed to the entity during the fourth quarter of 2019. We recognized a loss on equity method investment of $1.6 million during the fourth quarter of 2019, resulting in a balance of $1.8 million as of December 31, 2019.

The following table includes a rollforward of the equity method investment in FOXO (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30, 2020		Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Beginning balance	$	7,773	$	1,761
Contributions	3,884		13,051
Loss on equity method investment	(1,431)		(4,279)
Other	10		(297)
Ending balance	$	10,236	$	10,236

In accordance with the operating agreement of FOXO, as of September 30, 2020, GWG Holdings is committed to contribute an additional $5.0 million to the entity through October 2021. Our investment in the membership interest of FOXO is presented in other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Our proportionate share of earnings or losses from our investee is recognized in earnings (loss) from equity method investments in our condensed consolidated statements of operations.

The Beneficient Company Group, L.P.

During 2018, we acquired 40,505,279 million Common Units for a total limited partnership interest in the Common Units of approximately 89.9% as of December 31, 2018. On June 12, 2019, we acquired an additional 1,000,000 Common Units from a third party for a cash investment of $10.0 million.

Prior to December 31, 2019, our investment in Common Units was presented in equity method investment on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Our proportionate share of earnings or losses from our investee was recognized in earnings (loss) from equity method investments in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We recorded our share of the earnings or loss of Beneficient through September 30, 2019, on a one-quarter lag.

On December 31, 2019, we obtained control of Beneficient and consolidated Beneficient as of that date in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. See Note 4 for further information on the business combination. In connection with the consolidation, we discontinued the one-quarter reporting lag.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Pre-consolidation financial information after the elimination of any intercompany transactions pertaining to Beneficient is summarized in the table below (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019			Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
Total revenues	$	28,151		$	69,262
Net loss	9,696			(36,345)
Net gain (loss) attributable to Ben LP common unitholders	1,080			(11,439)
GWG portion of net earnings (loss)	956		(1)	(371)		(2)

_____________________________________________

1.Our portion of Beneficient’s net earnings (loss) from March 31, 2019 to June 30, 2019. This amount was recognized during the three months ended September 30, 2019.

2.Our portion of Beneficient's net earnings (loss) from October 1, 2018 to June 30, 2019. This amount was recognized during the nine months ended September 30, 2019.

(9) Variable Interest Entities

In accordance with ASC 810, Consolidation, the Company assesses whether it has a variable interest in legal entities in which it has a financial relationship and, if so, whether or not those entities are variable interest entities (“VIEs”). For those entities that qualify as VIEs, ASC 810 requires the Company to determine if the Company is the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and if so, to consolidate the VIE.

VIEs for which the Company is the Primary Beneficiary

On March 20, 2020, CT Risk Management, LLC (“CT”) was created as a Delaware limited liability company to reduce the impact of a potential market downturn on the alternative assets used to collateralize receivables held by Beneficient by distributing any potential profits to the Collective Trusts thereby offsetting any reduction in the value of the alternative assets. The LLC agreement was amended and restated on April 16, 2020. There was no activity of CT until July 2020 when Beneficient made a capital contribution of $14.8 million, which was used to purchase the put options reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2020.

CT is considered a VIE as the at-risk equity holder, Beneficient, does not have all of the characteristics of a controlling financial interest due to Beneficient’s receipt of returns being limited to its initial investment in CT. The Company concluded that Beneficient is the primary beneficiary of CT as it has the power to direct the most significant activities and has an obligation to absorb potential losses of CT. Accordingly, the results of CT are included in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

As of September 30, 2020, the condensed consolidated balance sheets include assets of this consolidated VIE with a carrying value of $11.6 million, which is recorded in the other assets line item. Additionally, the Company recorded a $3.2 million loss on investment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, which is reported in the other income (loss) line item of the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

VIEs for which the Company is Not the Primary Beneficiary

We determined that the LiquidTrust Borrowers are VIEs, but that we are not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. We do not have the power to direct any activities of the LiquidTrust Borrowers that most significantly impact the Borrower’s economic performance. The Company’s exposure to risk of loss in the LiquidTrust Borrowers is limited to its financing receivable from the LiquidTrust Borrowers.

The Company also determined that certain other trusts included within the ExAlt PlanTM used in connection with Beneficient’s operations are VIEs, but that we are not the primary beneficiary of these VIEs. The Company does not have both the power to direct the most significant activities of the trusts and the obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits that could potentially be significant to the trusts. The Company’s investments in the trusts are carried in loans receivable in the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company’s exposure to risk of loss was determined as the amortized cost of the loans to the trusts, any earned but unpaid fees or expenses plus any remaining potential contributions for unfunded capital commitments and cash reserve commitments.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

We determined that FOXO is a VIE, but that we are not the primary beneficiary of the VIE. We do not have the power to direct any activities of FOXO that most significantly impact its economic performance. The Company’s exposure to risk of loss in FOXO is limited to its equity method investment in the membership interests of FOXO and its remaining unfunded capital commitments.

The following table shows the classification, carrying value and maximum exposure to loss with respect to the Company’s unconsolidated VIEs (in thousands):

	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
	Carrying Value		Maximum Exposure to Loss		Carrying Value		Maximum Exposure to Loss
Loans receivable	$	227,047	$	293,847	$	232,344	$	335,255
Financing receivables from affiliates	0		0		67,153		67,153
Equity method investment	10,236		15,236		1,761		19,661
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	(2,583)		0		(2,515)		0
Total	$	234,700	$	309,083	$	298,743	$	422,069

(10) Debt

Senior Credit Facility with LNV Corporation

On November 1, 2019, DLP IV entered into a second amended and restated senior credit facility with LNV Corporation, as lender, and CLMG Corp., as the administrative agent on behalf of the lenders under the agreement, which replaced the amended and restated senior credit facility dated September 27, 2017 that previously governed DLP IV’s senior credit facility. The LNV Credit Facility makes available a total of up to $300.0 million in credit to DLP IV with a maturity date of September 27, 2029. Subject to available borrowing base capacity, additional advances are available under the LNV Credit Facility at the LIBOR rate described below. Such advances are available to pay the premiums and servicing costs of pledged life insurance policies as such amounts become due. Interest will accrue on amounts borrowed under the LNV Credit Facility at an annual interest rate, determined as of each date of borrowing or quarterly if there is no borrowing, equal to (a) the greater of 1.50% or 12-month LIBOR, plus (b) 7.50% per annum. The effective rate at September 30, 2020 was 9.00%. Interest payments are made on a quarterly basis.

Under the LNV Credit Facility, DLP IV has granted the administrative agent, for the benefit of the lenders under the agreement, a security interest in all of DLP IV’s assets.

In conjunction with entering into the LNV Credit Facility, DLP IV pledged life insurance policies having an aggregate face value of approximately $298.3 million as additional collateral and received an advance of approximately $37.1 million (inclusive of certain fees and expenses incurred in connection with the negotiation and entry into the LNV Credit Facility). We were in compliance with all covenants of the LNV Credit Facility at September 30, 2020, and continue to be as of the date of this filing.

As of September 30, 2020, approximately 76.9% of the total face value of our life insurance policies portfolio is pledged to LNV Corporation. The principal amount outstanding under this facility was $213.1 million and $184.6 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. There were unamortized deferred financing costs of $9.2 million and $10.2 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. Obligations under the LNV Credit Facility are secured by a security interest in DLP IV’s assets, for the benefit of the lenders, through an arrangement under which Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. serves as securities intermediary. The life insurance policies owned by DLP IV do not serve as direct collateral for the obligations of GWG Holdings under the L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds. The difference between the amount outstanding and the carrying amount on our condensed consolidated balance sheets is due to netting of unamortized debt issuance costs.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

L Bonds

We began publicly offering and selling L Bonds in January 2012 under the name “Renewable Secured Debentures”. These debt securities were re-named “L Bonds” in January 2015. L Bonds were publicly offered and sold on a continuous basis under a registration statement permitting us to sell up to $1.0 billion in principal amount of L Bonds through January 2018. On December 1, 2017, a registration statement relating to an additional public offering was declared effective permitting us to sell up to an additional $1.0 billion in principal amount of L Bonds on a continuous basis through December 2020. We reached the maximum capacity on this offering during the third quarter of 2020.

On June 3, 2020, a registration statement relating to an additional public offering was declared effective permitting us to sell up to $2.0 billion in principal amount of L Bonds on a continuous basis through June 2023. These bonds contain the same terms and features as our previous offerings.

We are party to an indenture governing the L Bonds dated October 19, 2011, as amended (“Indenture”), under which GWG Holdings is obligor, GWG Life is guarantor, and Bank of Utah serves as indenture trustee. Effective December 31, 2019, we entered into Amendment No. 2 to the indenture, which primarily modified the calculation of the debt coverage ratio to allow the Company greater flexibility to finance and to anticipate the potential impacts of GWG Holdings’ expanding relationship with Beneficient.

We were in compliance with the covenants of the indenture at September 30, 2020, and as of the date of this filing.

We publicly offer and sell L Bonds under a registration statement declared effective by the SEC and have issued Seller Trust L Bonds under a Supplemental Indenture, as described below. We temporarily suspended the offering of our L Bonds on May 1, 2019 as a result of our delay in filing certain periodic reports with the SEC. We recommenced our L Bond offering on August 8, 2019.

The bonds have renewal features under which we may elect to permit their renewal, subject to the right of bondholders to elect to receive payment at maturity. Interest is payable monthly or annually depending on the election of the investor.

At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the weighted-average interest rate of our outstanding L Bonds was 7.22% and 7.15%, respectively. The principal amount of L Bonds outstanding was $1.2 billion and $0.9 billion at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The difference between the amount of outstanding L Bonds and the carrying amount on our condensed consolidated balance sheets is due to netting of unamortized deferred issuance costs, cash receipts for new issuances and payments of redemptions in process. Amortization of deferred issuance costs was $4.3 million and $3.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Amortization of deferred issuance costs was $12.4 million and $9.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Future expected amortization of deferred financing costs as of September 30, 2020 is $45.8 million in total over the next seven years.

Seller Trust L Bonds

On August 10, 2018, in connection with the Initial Transfer of the Exchange Transaction described in Note 1, GWG Holdings issued Seller Trust L Bonds in the amount of $366.9 million to the Seller Trusts. The maturity date of the Seller Trust L Bonds is August 9, 2023. The Seller Trust L Bonds bear interest at 7.50% per year. Interest is payable monthly in cash.

After December 28, 2020, the holders of the Seller Trust L Bonds will have the right to cause GWG Holdings to repurchase, in whole but not in part, the Seller Trust L Bonds held by such holder. The repurchase may be paid, at the option of GWG Holdings, in the form of cash, and/or a pro rata portion of (i) the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest under the commercial loan between GWG Life and Ben LP entered into on August 10, 2018 and (ii) Common Units, or a combination of cash and such property.

The principal amount of Seller Trust L Bonds outstanding was $366.9 million at both September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Other Borrowings

As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Beneficient had borrowings that consisted of the following (in thousands):

	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
First Lien Credit Agreement	$	27,373	$	77,477
Second Lien Credit Agreement	72,245		72,184
Other borrowings	2,606		2,538
Unamortized debt premiums (discounts)	(2,046)		887
Total Other Borrowings	$	100,178	$	153,086

Beneficient First and Second Lien Credit Agreement

On May 15, 2020, Beneficient executed a Term Sheet with its lender to amend its then senior credit agreement and subordinated credit agreement. The resulting Second Amended and Restated First Lien Credit Agreement and Second Amended and Restated Second Lien Credit Agreement (collectively, the “Second Amendments”) was executed on August 13, 2020, with terms and conditions substantially consistent with the Term Sheet, as further described below. Prior to the execution of the Second Amendments, other amendments extended the June 30, 2020 maturity dates of both loans to August 13, 2020, while Beneficient and the lender finalized the amended and restated credit agreements. Additional agreements were entered into on June 10, 2020, and on June 19, 2020, consistent with the Term Sheet, whereby Beneficient agreed to repay $25.0 million of the then outstanding principal balance and pay an extension fee of 2.5% of the outstanding aggregate principal balance of the loans, calculated after the $25.0 million repayment, on July 15, 2020. A total of $28.6 million was paid on July 15, 2020, which included the $25.0 million principal payment, related accrued interest thereon, and the extension fee described above.

GWG Holdings, GWG Life, and a newly formed entity, DLP V, have also entered into the credit agreements with respect to provisions related to the potential future assumption of the loans by DLP V as described below. The amendments extend the maturity date of both loans to April 10, 2021, and increase the interest rate on each loan to 1-month LIBOR plus 8.0%, with a maximum interest rate of 9.5%. The loans are payable in 3 installments of $25.0 million on each of September 10, 2020, December 10, 2020, and March 10, 2021, with the remaining balance payable on April 10, 2021. Through September 30, 2020, all principal and interest due under the Second Amendments have been paid.

The amendments provide for the assumption of the loans by DLP V pursuant to a Third Amended and Restated First Lien Credit Agreement, upon satisfaction of certain conditions precedent, including the issuance of Beneficient’s trust company charters by the Texas Department of Banking. The amendments provide that DLP V will receive Preferred C interests in exchange for assuming Beneficient’s amended loans in an amount equal to 110% of the then outstanding loan balance. Upon assumption of the loans, the lender will receive a fee of 2.0% of the then outstanding balance of the loans. Furthermore, upon assumption of the loans, the Commercial Loan Agreement between GWG Life and Beneficient will be assumed by GWG Life USA, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of GWG Holdings, in exchange for Class A Subclass A-2 Units of BCH equivalent to the outstanding principal balance of the debt evidenced by the Commercial Loan Agreement. In connection with the assumption of the loans by DLP V, the lender will be granted a security interest in the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts of BCH held by GWG Life and the life insurance policies held by DLP V, which are to be contributed to DLP V from GWG Life Trust.

In connection with the agreement by DLP V to assume the loans upon the issuance of Beneficient's trust company charters, (i) the lender will be permitted to make capital contributions of up to $152.0 million in exchange for a Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of BCH for an equal amount of cash for two years after the assumption of the loans; should the lender elect to make such a capital contribution, GWG Holdings or one of its subsidiaries will be allowed to exchange an amount of Preferred C into Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts or contribute cash for Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts, in certain circumstances, in order to maintain its relative ownership percentage of the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts; (ii) BHI, which owns a majority of the Class S Ordinary Units, Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts, and FLP Subclass 1 Unit Accounts issued by BCH, will grant certain tax-related concessions related to the transaction to the lender as may be mutually agreed upon between the parties, and (iii) in exchange for the tax-related concessions to be agreed between the parties, (a) 5% of BHI’s Preferred Series A Sub Class 1 Unit Account, which will be held by the lender, may convert, upon delivery of notice by BHI or its designee, to a Preferred A.0 Unit Account of BCH, and (b) recipients of a grant of Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts from BHI will have the right to put an amount of Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Accounts to Beneficient equal to any associated tax liability stemming from any such grant; provided that the aggregated associated tax liability shall not relate to more than $30 million of grants of Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts from BHI; and provided, further, that such a put cannot be exercised prior to July 1, 2021. There has been no liability recorded for the put right as of September 30, 2020, as the transfer of Preferred Series A Subclass Unit Accounts has not occurred.

The amended loan terms and ancillary documents contain covenants that (i) prevent Beneficient from issuing any securities senior to the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 or Preferred A.0 Unit Accounts; (ii) prevent Beneficient from incurring additional debt or borrowings greater than $10.0 million, other than trade payables, while the loans are outstanding; (iii) prevent, without the written consent of the lender, GWG Life Trust or DLP V from selling, transferring or otherwise disposing any of the life insurance policies held by GWG Life Trust as of May 15, 2020, except that life insurance policies may be sold, transferred, or otherwise disposed of, provided that concurrent with the assumption of the loans by DLP V, a prepayment of the loans would be required, if necessary, to maintain certain loan-to-value percentages, after giving effect to such sale, transfer or disposal; and (iv) prevent, without the written consent of the lender, GWG Holdings from selling, transferring, or otherwise disposing of any Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts held as of May 15, 2020, other than to DLP V. These covenants are materially similar to the terms under the Third Amended and Restated First Lien Credit Agreement once assumed by DLP V. As of September 30, 2020, Beneficient was in compliance with all covenants.

The assumption set forth in the amendments are subject to, among other things, the satisfaction of certain closing conditions, some of which may be outside of the parties’ control. These loans are not currently guaranteed by GWG.

Beneficient's additional borrowings as detailed in the table above mature in 2023 and 2024.

(11) Stockholders’ Equity

GWG Holdings Equity

Common Stock

In September 2014, GWG Holdings consummated an initial public offering of its common stock resulting in the sale of 800,000 shares of common stock at $12.50 per share, and net proceeds of approximately $8.6 million after the payment of underwriting commissions, discounts and expense reimbursements. In connection with this offering, the common stock of GWG Holdings was listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the ticker symbol “GWGH.”

The 2018 transactions between GWG Holdings, GWG Life, Beneficient and the Seller Trusts described in Note 1 ultimately resulted in the issuance of 27,013,516 shares of GWG Holdings common stock to the Seller Trust in exchange for Common Units. The shares were offered and sold in reliance upon the exemption from registration provided by Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Also, the Purchase and Contribution Agreement described in Note 1 ultimately resulted in the sale of 2,500,000 shares of GWG Holdings common stock to BCC, and the contribution of 1,452,155 shares of GWG Holdings common stock to AltiVerse.

Pursuant to the Exchange Agreement described in Note 1, commencing on December 31, 2019, holders of Ben LP Common Units have the right to exchange their Common Units for common stock of GWG Holdings. The exchange ratio in the Exchange Agreement is based on the ratio of the capital account associated with the Common Units to be exchanged to the market price of the common stock of GWG Holdings based on the volume weighted average price of GWG Holdings’ common stock for the five consecutive trading days prior to the quarterly exchange date. No Ben LP Common Units have been exchanged for common stock of GWG Holdings through September 30, 2020.

On November 15, 2018, the Board of Directors of GWG Holdings approved a stock repurchase program pursuant to which the Company was permitted, from time to time, to purchase shares of its common stock for an aggregate purchase price not to exceed $1.5 million. Stock repurchases were able to be executed through various means, including, without limitation, open market transactions, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. The stock repurchase program did not obligate the Company to purchase any shares, and expired on April 30, 2019.

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NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The following table includes information about the stock repurchase program for the nine months ended September 30, 2019 (dollar amounts in thousands, except per share data):

2019 Monthly Period	Number of Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of the Program	Maximum Dollar Value of Shares that Remained Under the Program
January 2019	42,488	$	8.47	52,523	$	1,072
February 2019	202	8.88		52,725	1,070

(1)No stock was repurchased after February 2019, and the stock repurchase program expired on April 30, 2019.

Redeemable Preferred Stock

On November 30, 2015, our public offering of up to 100,000 shares of RPS at $1,000 per share was declared effective. Holders of RPS are entitled to cumulative dividends at the rate of 7% per annum, paid monthly. Dividends on the RPS are recorded as a reduction to additional paid-in capital, if any, then to the outstanding balance of the preferred stock if additional paid-in capital has been exhausted. Under certain circumstances described in the Certificate of Designation for the RPS, additional shares of RPS may be issued in lieu of cash dividends.

The RPS ranks senior to our common stock and pari passu with our RPS 2 (see further details in the section below) and entitles its holders to a liquidation preference equal to the stated value per share (i.e., $1,000) plus accrued but unpaid dividends. Holders of RPS may convert their RPS into our common stock at a conversion price equal to the volume-weighted average price of our common stock for the 20 trading days immediately prior to the date of conversion, subject to a minimum conversion price of $15.00 and in an aggregate amount limited to 15% of the stated value of RPS originally purchased from us and still held by such purchaser.

Holders of RPS may request that we redeem their RPS at a price equal to their stated value plus accrued but unpaid dividends, less an applicable redemption fee, if any, as specified in the Certificate of Designation. Nevertheless, the Certificate of Designation for RPS permits us in our sole discretion to grant or decline redemption requests. Subject to certain restrictions and conditions, we may also redeem shares of RPS without a redemption fee upon a holder’s death, total disability or bankruptcy. In addition, after one year from the date of original issuance, we may, at our option, call and redeem shares of RPS at a price equal to their liquidation preference.

In March 2017, we closed the RPS offering to additional investors having sold 99,127 shares of RPS for an aggregate gross consideration of $99.1 million and incurred approximately $7.0 million of related selling costs.

At the time of its issuance, we determined that the RPS contained two embedded features: (1) optional redemption by the holder, and (2) optional conversion by the holder. We determined that each of the embedded features met the definition of a derivative; however, based on our assessment under ASC 470, Debt, (“ASC 470”) and ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, (“ASC 815”), we do not believe bifurcation of either the holder’s redemption or conversion feature is appropriate.

Series 2 Redeemable Preferred Stock

On February 14, 2017, our public offering of up to 150,000 shares of RPS 2 at $1,000 per share was declared effective. The terms of the RPS 2 are largely consistent with those of the RPS, other than the conversion and redemption features discussed below.

Holders of RPS 2 may, less an applicable conversion discount, if any, convert their RPS 2 into our common stock at a conversion price equal to the volume-weighted average price of our common stock for the 20 trading days immediately prior to the date of conversion, subject to a minimum conversion price of $12.75 and in an aggregate amount limited to 10% of the stated value of RPS 2 originally purchased from us and still held by such purchaser. We may, at our option, call and redeem shares of RPS 2 at a price equal to their liquidation preference (subject to a minimum redemption price, in the event of redemptions occurring less than one year after issuance, of 107% of the stated value of the shares being redeemed).

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

In April 2018, we closed the RPS 2 offering to additional investors having sold 149,979 shares of RPS 2 for an aggregate gross consideration of $150.0 million and incurred approximately $10.3 million of related selling costs.

The RPS 2 was determined to have the same two embedded features discussed in the RPS section above (optional redemption and optional conversion by the holder). We do not believe bifurcation of either the holder’s redemption or conversion feature is appropriate.

Beneficient Equity

As of September 30, 2020, BCH, a consolidated subsidiary of Ben LP, has issued general partnership Class A Units (Subclass A-1 and A-2), Class S Ordinary Units, Class S Preferred Units, FLP Units (Subclass 1 and Subclass 2), Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts, Preferred Series A Subclass 2 Unit Accounts, and Preferred Series C Unit Accounts. The Preferred Series A Subclass 0 Unit Accounts were created under the 5th Amended and Restated LPA; however, none have been issued as of September 30, 2020. The 5th Amended and Restated LPA of BCH governs the terms of these equity securities.

Common Units

As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Beneficient has a total of 48,749,630 and 44,146,623 Common Units issued and outstanding, respectively. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, GWG owns 46,887,963 and 42,171,946, Common Units, respectively, which are eliminated in consolidation. The remaining issued and outstanding Common Units are recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in the noncontrolling interests line item.

Preferred Series A Subclass 0 (Noncontrolling Interests)

On July 15, 2020, BCH, a consolidated subsidiary of Ben LP, amended its limited partnership agreement in a 5th Amended and Restated LPA, which created a new subclass of Preferred Series A Unit Accounts, the Preferred A.0.

As a subclass of the Preferred Series A Unit Accounts, the Preferred A.0 receives the same preferred return on a quarterly basis as the other Preferred Series A subclasses. However, the Preferred A.0 is senior to all other classes of preferred equity, including the other subclasses of Preferred Series A in terms of allocations of profits, distributions, and liquidation. The Preferred A.0 can be converted into Class S Units at the election of the holder, at a price equal to (x) prior to the initial public listing, the per Common Unit fair market value as determined by the general Partner and (y) following the initial public listing, the lesser of (i) $10 and (ii) if the Common Units are listed on a national securities exchange, the volume-weighted average closing price of a Common Unit as reported on the exchange on which the Common Units are traded for the twenty (20) days immediately prior to the applicable exchange date, or if the Common Units are not listed on a national securities exchange, then the volume-weighted average closing price of a security traded on a national securities exchange or quoted in an automated quotation system into which the Common Units are convertible or exchangeable for the twenty (20) days immediately prior to the applicable exchange date.

Preferred Series A Subclass 1 (Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest)

BCH, a consolidated subsidiary of Ben LP, has non-unitized equity outstanding. The Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts are non-participating and convertible on a dollar basis.

In 2019, Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account holders signed an agreement to forbear the right to receive an annualized preferred return in excess of a rate determined materially consistent with the methodology below until, initially, the earlier of December 31, 2019 or three months following the issuance of the limited trust association charters by the Texas Department of Banking. The charters from the Texas Department of Banking were not issued as of December 31, 2019. In 2020, this forbearance agreement was extended through September 30, 2020.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The income allocation methodology under this forbearance agreement was as follows:

•First, Ben, as the sole holder of Class A Units issued by BCH is allocated income from BCH to cover the expenses incurred solely by Ben;

•Second, the remaining income at BCH is allocated 50% to the aggregate of Class A Units and Class S Ordinary Units and 50% to Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts, until the Common Units issued by Ben receive a 1% annualized return on the Common Unit account balance;

•Third, after the 1% annualized return to the Common Unit issued by Ben is achieved, additional income is allocated to the Preferred Series A until the Preferred Series A is allocated the amount required under the LPA, (as amended); and

•Finally, any remaining income is allocated under the terms of the current LPA (pro-rata between the Class A Units and Class S Ordinary Units).

If and when the forbearance agreement expires, account holders will be entitled to a compounded quarterly preferred return. The preferred return to be paid to Preferred Series A Unitholders is limited by a quarterly preferred return rate cap that is based on the annualized revenues of BCH. Annualized revenues are defined as four times the sum of total quarterly interest, fee and dividend income plus total noninterest revenues. This quarterly rate cap is defined as follows:

•0.25% if annualized revenues are $80 million or less;

•0.50% if annualized revenues are greater than $80 million but equal to or less than $105 million;

•0.75% if annualized revenues are greater than $105 million but equal to or less than $125 million;

•1.00% if annualized revenues are greater than $125 million but equal to or less than $135 million;

•1.25% if annualized revenues are greater than $135 million but equal to or less than $140 million; and

•If over $140 million, the preferred return calculation is based on a fraction (i) the numerator of which is (A) the positive percentage rate change, if any, to the seasonally adjusted CPI-U covering the period from the date of the last allocation of profits to such holders, plus (B) (x) 2% prior to an Initial Public Offering (as defined in the BCH LPA) by Ben and (y) 3% thereafter, and (ii) the denominator of which is 1 minus the highest effective marginal combined U.S. federal, state and local income tax rate in effect as of the beginning of the fiscal quarter for which such determination is being made for an individual resident in New York City, New York, assuming (1) that the aggregate gross income allocable with respect to the quarterly preferred return for such fiscal year will consist of the same relative proportion of each type or character (e.g., long term or short term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of gross income item included in the aggregate gross income actually allocated in respect of the quarterly preferred return for the fiscal year reflected in the BCH's most recently filed Internal Revenue Service Form 1065 and (2) any state and local income taxes are not deductible against U.S. federal income tax.

The definition of Initial Public Offering includes an event, transaction or agreement pursuant to which the Common Units are convertible or exchangeable into equity securities listed on a national securities exchange or quotation in an automated quotation system.

No amounts have been paid to the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account holders related to the preferred return from inception through September 30, 2020. In connection with the issuance of Preferred Series A Subclass 2 Units as part of the Option Agreement, the preferred return of Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account holders is reduced by the preferred return allocated to the Preferred Series A Subclass 2 Units during the period the Option Agreement remains outstanding. Additionally, certain Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account holders agreed to be specially allocated any income or losses associated with the Beneficient Management Partners, L.P. Equity Incentive Plan and certain other costs.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Upon election by a holder, the Preferred Series A Unit Accounts (other than Preferred Series A Subclass 2 Unit Accounts) are, at any time on or after January 1, 2021, convertible in an amount of Preferred Series A Unit Accounts (other than Preferred Series A Subclass 2 Unit Accounts), equal to 20% of their Sub-Capital Accounts into Class S Ordinary Units (with the right to convert any unconverted amount from previous years in any subsequent years). Upon an election, a holder of Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts will be issued Class S Ordinary Units necessary to provide the holder with a number of Class S Ordinary Units that, in the aggregate, equal (a) the balance of the holder’s capital account associated with the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts being converted divided by (b) either (x) prior to an initial public offering, the appraised per Class A Unit fair market value as determined by Beneficient or (y) following an initial public offering, the average price of a Common Unit for the thirty (30) day period ended immediately prior to the applicable conversion date. The holder of such newly issued Class S Ordinary Units may immediately convert them into Common Units. Additionally, effective December 31, 2030, if the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts have not been converted, they will redeem for cash in an amount equal to the then outstanding capital account balance of the accounts. If available redeeming cash (as defined in the LPA) is insufficient to satisfy any such redemption requirements, BCH, on a quarterly basis, will redeem additional Preferred Series A Units until all such Preferred Series A Units have been redeemed. The Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts are subject to certain other conversion and redemption provisions.

The current LPA of BCH also includes certain limitations of BCH, without the consent of a majority-in-interest of the Preferred Series A Unit Account holders, to (i) issue any new equity securities and (ii) except as otherwise provided, incur indebtedness that is senior to or pari passu with any right of distribution, redemption, repayment, repurchase or other payments relating to the Preferred Series A Unit accounts. Further, BCH cannot, prior to the conversion of all the Preferred Series A Unit accounts, incur any additional long-term debt unless (i) after giving effect to the incurrence of the new long-term debt on a pro forma basis, the sum of certain preferred stock, existing debt and any new long-term indebtedness would not exceed 55% of BCH’s net asset value (“NAV”) plus cash on hand, and (ii) at the time of incurrence of any new long-term indebtedness, the aggregate balance of BCH’s (including controlled subsidiaries) debt plus such new long-term debt does not exceed 40% of the sum of the NAV of the collateral underlying the loan portfolio of BCH and its subsidiaries plus cash on hand at Ben LP, BCH and its subsidiaries.

The Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts are recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in the redeemable noncontrolling interest line item.

Preferred Series C Unit Accounts

The 5th Amended and Restated LPA also created a new class of preferred equity, the Preferred Series C Unit Accounts. The Preferred Series C Unit Accounts are non-participating and convertible on a basis consistent with the UPA discussed in Note 1. Account holders are entitled to a compounded quarterly preferred return based on a fraction, the numerator of which is (a) the sum of an inflation adjustment amount, plus (1) 0.5% prior to the initial public listing and (2) 0.75% following the initial public listing, and the denominator of which is (b) 1 minus the means of the highest effective marginal combined U.S. federal, state and local income tax rate (including the rate of taxes under Section 1411 of the Code) for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitations described in Sections 67 and 68 of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for U.S. federal income tax purposes), based on the Partnership’s most recently filed IRS form 1065.

BCH calculates two Preferred Series C Unit Accounts capital accounts: the Liquidation Capital Account and the Conversion Capital Account. In calculating the Conversion Capital Account, the Preferred Series C Unit Accounts are allocated profits and losses junior to the Preferred Series A Unit Accounts. In calculating the Liquidation Capital Account, the Preferred Series C Unit Accounts are allocated profits and losses pari passu with the Preferred Series A Unit Accounts.

Following the exchange of any Preferred Series C Unit Accounts into Common Units under the UPA described in Note 1, the excess of the profits and losses allocated to the Preferred Series C Unit Accounts under the Liquidation Capital Account will be deemed the “Excess Amount.” This Excess Amount will be specially allocated at each tax period in accordance with the principals of Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(x), to the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Units Accounts, prior to any amount of profit, income or gain being allocated to any other class of units (other than the Preferred A.0) or limited partners until such special allocations equal, in the aggregate, such Excess Amount.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The only conversion, redemption, or exchange rights available to the Preferred Series C Unit Accounts are those rights afforded in accordance with the UPA, described in Note 1, or such similar agreement.

While any amount of Preferred Series C Unit Accounts is outstanding, BCH cannot make any distributions, other than tax distributions and redemptions, distributions upon a liquidation of BCH, and distributions of net consideration received from a sale of BCH, without the prior consent of a majority in interest of the holders of the Preferred Series C Unit Accounts.

As of September 30, 2020, GWG owns $161.0 million of Preferred Series C Unit Accounts. The Preferred Series C Unit Accounts are eliminated upon consolidation.

Class S Ordinary Units

As of both September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, BCH had issued and outstanding 5.7 million Class S Ordinary Units. The Class S Ordinary Units participate on an as-converted basis pro-rata in the share of the profits or losses of BCH and subsidiaries following all other allocations made by BCH and its subsidiaries. As limited partner interests, these units have limited voting rights and do not entitle participation in the management of BCH’s business and affairs. The Class S Ordinary Units are exchangeable for Common Units on a 1-for-one basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for splits, distributions and reclassifications, as well as compliance with any applicable vesting and transfer restrictions. Each conversion also results in the issuance to Ben LP of a Class A Unit of BCH for each common unit issued.

The Class S Ordinary Units are recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in the noncontrolling interests line item.

Class S Preferred Units

The limited partnership agreement of BCH allows it to issue Class S Preferred Units. The Class S Preferred Units are entitled to a quarterly preferred return that is limited by the quarterly preferred return rate cap described above for Preferred Series A Subclass 1 except for when annualized revenues exceed $140 million, the Class S Preferred return is based on a fraction (i) the numerator of which is (A) the positive percentage rate change, if any, to the seasonally adjusted CPI-U covering the period from the date of the last allocation of profits to such holders, plus (B) 0.75 percent, and (ii) the denominator of which is 1 minus the highest effective marginal combined U.S. federal, state and local income tax rate in effect as of the beginning of the fiscal quarter for which such determination is being made for an individual resident in New York City, New York, assuming (1) that the aggregate gross income allocable with respect to the quarterly preferred return for such fiscal year will consist of the same relative proportion of each type or character (e.g., long term or short term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of gross income item included in the aggregate gross income actually allocated in respect of the quarterly preferred return for the fiscal year reflected in the Ben Group Partnership’s most recently filed IRS Form 1065 and (2) any state and local income taxes are not deductible against U.S. federal income tax. The Class S Preferred Units also participate on an as-converted basis pro-rata in the share of the profits or losses of BCH and subsidiaries following all other allocations made by BCH and its subsidiaries. As limited partner interests, these units are generally non-voting and do not entitle participation in the management of BCH’s business and affairs. Generally, the Class S Preferred Units are exchangeable for Common Units in Ben LP on a 1.2-for-1 basis, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for splits, distributions and reclassifications, as well as compliance with any applicable vesting and transfer restrictions. Each conversion also results in the issuance to Ben LP of a Class A Unit for each Common Unit issued. Holders of Class S Preferred Units may elect to convert into Class S Ordinary Units in connection with a sale or dissolution of BCH.

No amounts have been paid to the Class S Preferred Unit holders related to the preferred return from inception through September 30, 2020. The Class S Preferred Units are recorded in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in the noncontrolling interests line item.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

(12) Equity-Based Compensation

As of September 30, 2020, the Company has outstanding equity-based awards under the GWG Holdings 2013 Stock Incentive Plan, the Beneficient Management Partners, L.P. (“BMP”) Equity Incentive Plan, and the Ben Equity Incentive Plan, as more fully described in the sections below.

2013 Stock Incentive Plan

GWG Holdings adopted the 2013 Stock Incentive Plan in March 2013, as amended on June 1, 2015, May 5, 2017 and May 8, 2018. Participants under the plan may be granted incentive stock options and non-statutory stock options; stock appreciation rights; stock awards; restricted stock; restricted stock units; and performance shares. Eligible participants include officers and employees of GWG Holdings and its subsidiaries, members of our Board of Directors, and consultants. Option awards generally expire 10 years from the date of grant. As of September 30, 2020, the Company has granted stock options, stock appreciation rights (“SAR”), and restricted stock units (“RSU”) under this plan.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, a total of 84,018 stock options held by employees vested. Additionally, as a result of stock option exercises, 3,688 shares of common stock were issued to employees, net of shares forfeited to satisfy tax withholding obligations.

Upon the exercise of SARs, the Company is obligated to make cash payments equal to the positive difference between the market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of exercise less the market value of the common stock on the date of grant. The liability for the SARs as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $0.7 million and $0.6 million, respectively, and was recorded within accounts payable and accrued expenses in the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, 57,183 of the RSUs held by employees and directors vested.

BMP Equity Incentive Plan

The Board of Directors of Beneficient Management, Ben LP’s general partner, adopted the BMP Equity Incentive Plan in 2019. Under the BMP Equity Incentive Plan, certain directors and employees of Ben are eligible to receive equity units in BMP, an entity affiliated with the board of directors of Beneficient Management, in return for their services to Ben. The BMP equity units eligible to be awarded to employees are comprised of BMP’s Class A Units and/or BMP’s Class B Units (collectively, the “BMP Equity Units”). The BMP Equity Units awarded in 2019 and during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, included some awards that were fully vested upon grant date, and some awards that are subject to service-based vesting over a four-year period from the date of hire. Expense recognized for these awards is specially allocated to certain holders of redeemable noncontrolling interests.

As BMP’s equity is not publicly traded, the fair value of the BMP Equity Units is determined on each grant date using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis. This fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The resultant probability-weighted cash flows are then discounted using a rate that reflects the uncertainty surrounding the expected outcomes, which the Company believes is appropriate and representative of a market participant assumption.

During second quarter 2020, 1,963,969 vested units were forfeited and returned as a result of an agreement allowing Beneficient to recover the aforementioned units held by one former director of Beneficient (see further discussion below).

Ben Equity Incentive Plan

The Board of Directors of Beneficient Management adopted the Ben Equity Incentive Plan in September 2018. Under the Ben Equity Incentive Plan, Ben is permitted to grant equity awards, in the form of restricted equity units (“REUs”) representing ownership interests in Common Units. Settled awards under the Ben Equity Incentive Plan dilute Ben’s Common Unitholders. The total number of Common Units that may be issued under the Ben Equity Incentive Plan is equivalent to 15% of the number of fully diluted Common Units outstanding, subject to annual adjustment.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

All REUs are subject to two performance conditions, both of which were met during 2019. Additionally, if a change-of-control event occurs prior to July 1, 2021, then all units, vested and unvested, will settle within 60 days. Any transaction where GWG Holdings obtains the right to appoint a majority of the members of Beneficient Management’s Board of Directors is expressly excluded from the definition of change-of-control for the REUs. Awards will generally be subject to service-based vesting over a multi-year period from the recipient’s date of hire, though some awards fully vest upon grant date. While providing services to Ben, if applicable, certain of these awards are subject to minimum retained ownership rules requiring the award recipient to continuously hold Common Unit equivalents equal to at least 15% of their cumulatively granted awards that have the minimum retained ownership requirement.

As Ben LP’s equity is not publicly traded, the fair value of the REUs is estimated on the grant date using recent equity transactions involving third parties, which provides the Company with observable fair value information sufficient for estimating the grant date fair value.

During second quarter 2020, 507,500 vested units were forfeited as a result of an agreement allowing Beneficient to recover the aforementioned units held by one former director of Beneficient. Beneficient recognized $36.3 million of other income as a result of this recovery of equity-based compensation, including both BMP Equity Units and REUs. A substantial majority of the former director's equity-based compensation units were fully vested, and the majority of the related expense was allocated to certain holders of noncontrolling interests and recorded in prior periods. The provisions of the award agreements related to the forfeiture of vested units resulted in the previous expense being recorded to other income in the year-to-date period, accordingly.

During third quarter 2020, 515,000 units were granted to a senior partner director subject to a performance condition. The performance condition has not been met as of September 30, 2020. As the performance condition of the grant is based on a liquidity event, recognition of the related compensation cost is deferred until the condition has been met. Total unrecognized compensation cost related to this award is approximately $6.4 million as of September 30, 2020.

The following table summarizes the award activity, in number of units, for each plan during the nine months ended September 30, 2020:

	Balance at December 31, 2019	Granted	Vested	Exercised	Forfeited	Recovery of Vested Awards	Balance at September 30, 2020
Vested
Stock Options	673,341	0	84,018	(20,136)	(109,671)	0	627,552
SAR	200,745	18,556	45,529	(1,284)	(4,541)	0	259,005
RSU	0	0	57,183	0	0	0	57,183
BMP Equity Units	7,980,037	4,580,888	496,142	0	(31,618)	(1,963,969)	11,061,480
REUs	2,164,742	3,033,956	341,223	0	(14,000)	(507,500)	5,018,421
Unvested
Stock Options	232,040	0	(84,018)	0	(66,625)	0	81,397
SAR	174,880	125,269	(45,529)	0	(27,067)	0	227,553
RSU	244,083	0	(57,183)	0	(57,183)	0	129,717
BMP Equity Units	180,000	2,963,800	(496,142)	0	(347,599)	0	2,300,059
REUs	246,500	2,682,072	(341,223)	0	(282,400)	0	2,304,949
Total
Stock Options	905,381	0	0	(20,136)	(176,296)	0	708,949
SAR	375,625	143,825	0	(1,284)	(31,608)	0	486,558
RSU	244,083	0	0	0	(57,183)	0	186,900
BMP Equity Units	8,160,037	7,544,688	0	0	(379,217)	(1,963,969)	13,361,539
REUs	2,411,242	5,716,028	0	0	(296,400)	(507,500)	7,323,370

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The holders of certain of the units issued under the BMP Equity Incentive Plan and the Ben Equity Incentive Plan, upon vesting, have the right to convert the units to shares of GWG Holdings common stock per the Exchange Agreement discussed in Note 1. As such, units vested and issued under Beneficient’s equity incentive plans may result in dilution of the common stock of GWG Holdings.

The following table presents the components of equity-based compensation expense recognized in the condensed consolidated statement of operations (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Stock options	$	53	$	74	$	140	$	319
Stock appreciation rights	282		327		171		323
Restricted stock units	0		263		(38)		687
BMP equity units	12,392		0		51,515		0
REUs	10,831		0		44,830		0
Total equity-based compensation	$	23,558	$	664	$	96,618	$	1,329

Unrecognized equity-based compensation expense, excluding the expense related to the performance award discussed above, totaled approximately $38.3 million as of September 30, 2020. We currently expect to recognize equity-based compensation expense of $4.1 million during the remainder of 2020, and the remainder thereafter based on scheduled vesting of awards outstanding as of September 30, 2020. The following table presents the equity-based compensation expense expected to be recognized over the next five years based on scheduled vesting of awards outstanding, excluding the award subject to the performance condition discussed above, as of September 30, 2020 (in thousands):

	Stock Options		SAR		REUs		BMP Equity Units		Total
Three months ending 2020	$	42	$	55	$	1,947	$	2,012	$	4,056
2021	109		200		7,818		7,982		16,109
2022	19		153		5,729		5,851		11,752
2023	0		56		2,889		2,517		5,462
2024	0		0		567		396		963
Total	$	170	$	464	$	18,950	$	18,758	$	38,342

(13) Income Taxes

The Company applies an estimated annual effective rate to interim period pre-tax income to calculate the income tax provision for the quarter in accordance with the principal method prescribed by the accounting guidance established for computing income taxes in interim periods. Prior to 2020, the Company determined the quarterly income tax provision using a discrete year-to-date calculation.

Consolidated income tax expense was $22.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020, and consolidated income tax benefit was $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The Company’s effective tax rate was 0.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 primarily reflects the effects of a gain allocated to GWG Holdings from Ben LP and an increase to the valuation allowance on the Company’s net deferred tax assets (described below). The income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily reflects the effects of a gain allocated to GWG Holdings from Ben LP and a change in state taxing jurisdictions.

After the change-of-control transaction with Ben LP on December 31, 2019, the Company moved its headquarters from Minnesota to Texas. This move resulted in a change in the state deferred tax rate from 9.8% to 0%. In the third quarter 2020, GWG Holdings was allocated a gain from its investment in Ben LP. The tax effects of these items have been recorded as discrete items.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

The Company currently records a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets that cannot be realized by the future reversal of existing temporary differences. Due to the uncertain timing of the reversal of certain of these temporary differences due to the constraint described below, they cannot be considered as a source of future taxable income for purposes of determining a valuation allowance; therefore, the vast majority of the deferred tax liability cannot be utilized in determining the realizability of the deferred tax assets. This is often referred to as a “naked credit.” Due to a prior deemed ownership change, net operating loss carryforwards are subject to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The Company reassessed its valuation allowance during the third quarter of 2020 and determined it will no longer utilize the reversal of a temporary difference related to the Company's preferred equity ownership in Beneficient, until such time as the preferred equity is no longer constrained, as a source of income to realize existing deferred tax assets related to the net operating loss and Section 163(j) limitations. As a result, the valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets increased as of September 30, 2020, which resulted in a larger net deferred tax liability (naked credit) as of September 30, 2020. The naked credit as of September 30, 2020 is specifically related to GWG Life’s investment in the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts described in Note 1. The disposition of this investment is constrained by the Pledge and Security Agreement in favor of the holders of the L Bonds of GWG Holdings. As such, the timing of recognition of the necessary taxable income related to this investment and the future reversal of this temporary difference cannot be predicted.

We continue to monitor and evaluate the rationale for recording a full valuation allowance for the net amount of the deferred tax assets in excess of the deferred tax liabilities that are not constrained. We intend to continue maintaining a full valuation allowance on these net deferred tax assets until there is sufficient evidence to support the reversal of all or some portion of these allowances. Release of the valuation allowance would result in the recognition of certain deferred tax assets and a decrease to income tax expense for the period the release is recorded. However, the exact timing and amount of the valuation allowance release are subject to change on the basis of the level of profitability that we are able to actually achieve.

On March 27, 2020, Congress passed and the President signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), which included significant changes to U.S. Federal income tax law. However, the only change that is expected to affect the Company is the modification to Section 163(j), which increased the allowable business interest deduction from 30% of adjusted taxable income to 50% of adjusted taxable income.

(14) Loss per Common Share

The computations of basic and diluted income (loss) attributable to common shareholders per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 are as follows (in thousands, except share data and per share data):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Numerator:
Net loss attributable to common shareholders	$	(68,149)	$	(24,635)	$	(135,669)	$	(69,154)
Denominator:
Basic – weighted average common shares outstanding	30,584,719		33,033,420		30,552,233		33,010,100
Effect of dilutive securities	0		0		0		0
Diluted – weighted average common shares outstanding	30,584,719		33,033,420		30,552,233		33,010,100
Basic loss per common share	$	(2.23)	$	(0.75)	$	(4.44)	$	(2.09)
Diluted loss per common share	$	(2.23)	$	(0.75)	$	(4.44)	$	(2.09)

For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, RPS, RPS 2, restricted stock units, and stock options for a potential 2,222,118 and 2,737,679 shares, respectively, were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because we recorded a net loss during these periods and the effects were anti-dilutive. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, RPS, RPS 2, restricted stock units, and stock options for a potential 2,377,628 and 2,698,524 shares, respectively, were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because we recorded a net loss during these periods and the effects were anti-dilutive. Potentially dilutive instruments issued by Ben LP that are ultimately exchangeable into GWG common stock were also excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 because we recorded a net loss during this period and the effects were anti-dilutive.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

(15) Segment Reporting

The Company has 2 reportable segments consisting of Secondary Life Insurance and Beneficient. Corporate & Other includes certain activities not allocated to specific business segments. These activities include holding company financing and investing activities, and management and administrative services to support the overall operations of the Company and from November 1, 2019, include our equity method investment in FOXO.

The Secondary Life Insurance segment seeks to earn non-correlated yield from our portfolio of life insurance policies. Our Beneficient segment consists of the assets and operations of Ben LP and its subsidiaries. Beneficient became a consolidated subsidiary of GWG Holdings as of December 31, 2019, as described in Note 4. Ben LP provides a variety of trust services, liquidity products and loans for alternative assets and illiquid investment funds, and other financial services to HNW individuals. Prior to December 31, 2019, we accounted for our investment in the Common Units under the equity method.

These segments are differentiated by the products and services they offer as well as by the information used by the Company’s chief operating decision maker to determine allocation of resources and assess performance.

Earnings before taxes (“EBT”) is the measure of profitability used by management to assess performance of its segments and allocate resources. Segment EBT represents net income (loss) excluding income taxes and includes earnings (loss) from equity method investments and gain on consolidation of equity method investment.

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Revenue:	2020		2019		2020		2019
Secondary Life Insurance	$	14,422	$	18,238	$	44,800	$	61,199
Beneficient	14,091		3,709		86,042		9,723
Corporate & Other	0		264		17		517
Total	$	28,513	$	22,211	$	130,859	$	71,439

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Interest Expense:	2020		2019		2020		2019
Secondary Life Insurance	$	24,983	$	21,410	$	72,022	$	63,114
Beneficient	15,809		6,880		41,783		20,638
Corporate & Other	0		0		0		0
Total	$	40,792	$	28,290	$	113,805	$	83,752

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Interest Income:	2020		2019		2020		2019
Secondary Life Insurance	$	209	$	226	$	1,056	$	1,594
Beneficient	12,719		3,709		38,532		9,678
Corporate & Other	0		0		0		4
Total	$	12,928	$	3,935	$	39,588	$	11,276

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
Segment EBT:	2020		2019		2020		2019
Secondary Life Insurance	$	(12,147)	$	(9,169)	$	(39,314)	$	(19,792)
Beneficient	(33,819)		(2,214)		(86,347)		(11,286)
Corporate & Other	(8,915)		(9,020)		(22,492)		(25,270)
Total	(54,881)		(20,403)		(148,153)		(56,348)
Income tax benefit	22,444		0		(613)		—
Net income (loss)	$	(77,325)	$	(20,403)	$	(147,540)	$	(56,348)

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Total Assets:	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Secondary Life Insurance	$	907,197	$	904,363
Beneficient	2,675,370		2,721,546
Corporate & Other	47,107		9,297
Total	$	3,629,674	$	3,635,206

The total assets of the Beneficient segment at both September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 includes goodwill of $2.4 billion, which represents all of the goodwill on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as of the end of each reporting period.

(16) Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation — In the normal course of business, we are involved in various legal proceedings. In the opinion of management, any liability resulting from such proceedings would not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Commitments — GWG Holdings is committed to contribute an additional $5.0 million to FOXO through 2021, with an additional $1.2 million in the three months ending December 31, 2020 and $3.8 million in 2021. Beneficient had $35.3 million and $73.8 million of gross potential capital commitments as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, representing potential limited partner capital funding commitments on the alternative asset fund collateral for its loans above any cash reserves. The decrease in gross potential capital commitments from December 31, 2019 is due to the liquidation of the underlying funds and removal of the related commitment. The trust holding the interest in the limited partnership for the alternative asset fund is required to fund these limited partner capital commitments per the terms of the limited partnership agreement. To the extent that the associated trust cannot pay the capital funding commitment, Beneficient is obligated to lend sufficient funds to meet the commitment. Capital commitments generally originate from limited partner agreements having fixed or expiring expiration dates. The total limited partner capital funding commitment amounts may not necessarily represent future cash requirements.

(17) Concentration

Life Insurance Carriers

Our portfolio consists of purchased life insurance policies written by life insurance companies rated investment-grade by third-party rating agencies, including A.M. Best Company, Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s. As a result, there may be concentrations of policies with certain life insurance companies. The following summarizes the aggregate face value of insurance policies with individual life insurance companies exceeding 10% of the total face value of our portfolio.

Life Insurance Company	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
John Hancock Life Insurance Company	14.66	%	14.23	%
The Lincoln National Life Insurance Company	11.23	%	11.55	%
AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company	10.72	%	10.63	%

The following summarizes the number of insureds’ state of residence exceeding 10% of the total face value of our portfolio:

State of Residence	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
California	17.95	%	17.46	%
Florida	14.99	%	14.86	%

Loans Receivable

Beneficient’s underlying portfolio companies primarily operate in the United States, with the largest percentage, based on NAV, operating in semiconductor and equipment, diversified financials, and telecommunications industries.

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GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

(18) Subsequent Events and Other Matters

Proposed Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation

On July 6, 2020, GWG Holdings filed documents with the SEC seeking authority to potentially effect an exchange of its equity securities for securities issued by GWG Holdings or one or more of its subsidiaries (“subsidiary securities”) by adopting an Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of GWG Holdings (the “Amended Charter”).

The proposed Amended Charter has been adopted by the Board of Directors of GWG Holdings, which declared its advisability, based upon a recommendation from a Special Committee of independent and disinterested directors. It has also been approved through a written consent from the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of GWG Holdings’ common stock. To become effective, the Amended Charter must also be approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of RPS and RPS 2, each series voting separately as a class. We plan to solicit the consent of the holders of our RPS and RPS 2 to the Amended Charter. While we believe such an exchange of equity securities may be a potential avenue to create efficiencies, no plans have been approved to exchange either the common stock, RPS or RPS 2 of GWG Holdings or the specific terms or issuer of any such securities that may be issued in connection therewith.

The proposed Amended Charter provides that the value for which each share of common stock to be exchanged may not be less than the greater of (i) $10 (subject to certain adjustments), or (ii) the volume weighted average price (“VWAP”) of the common stock for the twenty (20) trading days immediately prior to the date of any notice of exchange. The Amended Charter also requires that at least 1 class of the subsidiary securities to be listed on a national securities exchange prior to, or at the time of, the exchange.

In addition, the Amended Charter would permit GWG Holdings to exchange all of the RPS and RPS 2 for preferred equity securities of GWG Holdings or one or more of its subsidiaries (the “subsidiary preferred interest”) with substantially similar terms to that of the RPS and RPS 2, provided that, the Amended Charter requires the subsidiary preferred interest to have the following preferential terms:

•accrue monthly cumulative dividends of not less than 7.5% per annum, subject to increase in the Board’s discretion, on the stated value of such subsidiary preferred interest; and

•be subject to conversion into common equity securities of the issuer of the subsidiary preferred interest or a subsidiary thereof on terms substantially similar to those governing the conversion of the current RPS and RPS 2; provided, that the conversion price shall not be greater than $12 per common equity securities.

The Amended Charter would also provide for an exclusive forum in the state of Delaware for certain potential claims by stockholders, as specified in the Amended Charter.

There can be no assurance that GWG Holdings will receive the required consents of the holders of the RPS and RPS 2, and the Company has not approved any plans to exchange either the common stock or the RPS or RPS 2 or the terms or issuer or issuers of any securities issued in connection therewith, and there can be no assurance that any such exchange will occur or what the terms of the securities to be issued in connection with such exchange will be, other than as provided for in the Amended Charter. Any such exchange would be subject to approval of the terms of any such exchange by the Board of Directors of GWG Holdings and conditions precedent, some of which are outside of the Company’s control, including the issuance of trust company charters from the Texas Department of Banking.

COVID-19

In December, 2019, a novel strain of coronavirus and the associated respiratory disease (“COVID-19”) was first reported in Wuhan, China. Less than four months later, on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic. The extent of COVID-19’s effect on the Company’s operational and financial performance will depend on continuing developments, including the duration, spread and intensity of the pandemic, all of which are uncertain and difficult to predict considering the rapidly evolving landscape. Although a substantial majority of our employees continue to work remotely, we have maintained our operations at or near normal levels. We have not experienced any significant disruptions due to operational issues, loss of communication capabilities, technology failure or cyber-attacks. The Company continues to raise capital, receive interest income and insurance policy benefits, pay interest and dividends and otherwise meet its ongoing

Page 45

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

obligations. However, depending on the extent of the ongoing economic crisis resulting from the pandemic and its impact on the Company’s business, the pandemic could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

As discussed in our 2019 Form 10-K, management performs goodwill and intangible asset impairment testing annually, during the fourth quarter, or when events occur, or circumstances change that would more likely than not indicate impairment has occurred. The Company recorded goodwill on December 31, 2019, as a result of the transactions with Beneficient discussed in Note 4 to the condensed consolidated financial statements, and the measurement period remains open as of the date of this filing. Due to the significance of the COVID-19 pandemic, management performed a qualitative assessment of the goodwill of the Beneficient reporting unit as of September 30, 2020. Management concluded that the potentially large and underserved market that Beneficient is seeking to address, including the estimated demand from HNW individuals and STM size institutions seeking liquidity for their professionally managed alternative assets, has not been negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic such that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the Beneficient reporting unit would exceed its carrying value as of September 30, 2020. Therefore, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic through September 30, 2020 was not a triggering event to perform a quantitative test.

The annual quantitative test as of October 1, which is in the process of being finalized as of the date of this filing, is the first annual assessment since the recognition of this goodwill. The Company has experienced lower-than-forecasted operating results during the first nine months of 2020. These conditions will be considered during the respective annual impairment evaluation of goodwill as of October 1, 2020. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, the Company would be required to recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds Beneficient’s fair value; however, the loss recognized would not exceed the total amount of Beneficient’s recorded goodwill.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

As of September 30, 2020, we had cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of $109.8 million. We generated net losses attributable to common shareholders of $135.7 million and $69.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. As of November 6, 2020, we had cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of approximately $95.1 million. Besides funding operating expenditures and having sufficient cash to fund anticipated additional investments in Beneficient primarily for its lending products and working capital needs, we are obligated to pay other items such as interest payments and debt redemptions, and preferred stock dividends and redemptions. We expect to satisfy these obligations and fund our operations through anticipated operating cash flows, receipt of proceeds from our insurance policies, sales of additional L Bonds, and, potentially, additional borrowings under existing debt facilities or new borrowings with other third-party lenders or asset sales.

GWG Holdings has a history of selling L Bonds dating back to January 2012. GWG Holdings may not be able sell additional L Bonds on terms as favorable to the Company as past transactions or in quantities sufficient to fund all of the Company’s operating requirements. Additionally, the Company may not be able to obtain additional borrowing under existing debt facilities or new borrowings with other third-party lenders. To the extent that GWG Holdings or its subsidiaries raise additional capital through the future issuance of debt, the terms of those debt securities may include terms that adversely affect the rights of our existing debt and/or equity holders or involve negative covenants that restrict GWG Holdings’ ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt or making additional investments in growing the operations of the Company. If GWG Holdings is unable to fund its operations and other obligations, or defaults on its debt, then the Company will be required to either i) sell assets to provide sufficient funding or ii) to raise additional capital through the sale of equity and the ownership interest of our equity holders may be diluted.

Based on projections of anticipated operating cash flows, receipt of proceeds from our insurance policies, sales of additional L-Bonds, and, potentially, additional borrowings under existing debt facilities or new borrowings with other third-party lenders, we believe that we will have sufficient cash resources to finance our operations, satisfy our other obligations, and to fund anticipated additional investments in Beneficient through November 19, 2021.

Policy Benefits and L Bonds

Subsequent to September 30, 2020 through November 6, 2020, policy benefits on 9 policies covering 8 individuals have been realized. The face value of insurance benefits of these policies was $7.7 million.

Page 46

GWG HOLDINGS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(unaudited)

Subsequent to September 30, 2020 through November 6, 2020, we have issued approximately $63.4 million of L Bonds.

Loans Receivable

Subsequent to September 30, 2020 through November 6, 2020, we have originated approximately $8.1 million of loans receivable.

Page 47

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes and the information contained in other sections of this report. This discussion and analysis is based on the beliefs of our management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management.

Unless the context otherwise indicates, all references in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, or MD&A, to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our” or “ours” or similar words are to GWG Holdings Inc. and its direct and indirect wholly-owned and consolidated subsidiaries, references to “GWG Holdings” refer to GWG Holdings Inc., references to “GWG Life” refer to GWG Life, LLC (a wholly-owned subsidiary of GWG Holdings), references to “DLP IV” refer to GWG DLP Funding IV, LLC (a wholly-owned subsidiary of GWG Life), references to “DLP V Holdings” refer to GWG DLP Funding V Holdings, LLC (a wholly-owned subsidiary of GWG Life), references to “DLP V” refer to GWG DLP Funding V, LLC (a wholly-owned subsidiary of DLP V Holdings), references to “Ben LP” refer to The Beneficient Company Group, L.P. (a consolidated subsidiary of GWG Holdings), references to “Beneficient” refer to Ben LP and all of its consolidated subsidiaries, references to "BCH" refer to Beneficient Company Holdings, L.P. (of which Ben LP is the general partner), references to “Beneficient Management” refer to Beneficient Management, L.L.C. (the general partner of Ben LP), references to “BCC” refer to Beneficient Capital Company, L.L.C. (a subsidiary of Ben LP), references to “BACC” refer to Beneficient Administrative and Clearing Company, L.L.C. (a subsidiary of Ben LP), references to “Pen” refer to Pen Indemnity Insurance Company, LTD (a subsidiary of Ben LP), references to “Ben Markets” refer to Ben Markets Management Holdings, L.P. (a subsidiary of Ben LP), references to “FOXO” refer to FOXO BioScience LLC (formerly, InsurTech Holdings, LLC, an equity investee of GWG Holdings), references to “FOXO Labs” refer to FOXO Labs Inc. (formerly, Life Epigenetics Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of FOXO) and references to “FOXO Life” refer to FOXO Life, LLC (formerly, youSurance General Agency, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of FOXO).

Risk Relating to Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that reflect our current expectations and projections about future events. Actual results could differ materially from those described in these forward-looking statements.

The words “believe,” “could,” “possibly,” “probably,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “seek,” “intend,” “plan,” “expect,” or “consider” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements. Many of the forward-looking statements contained in this report can be found in the following discussion and analysis.

Such risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to:

•the valuation of assets reflected on our financial statements;

•the illiquidity of our life insurance investments and receivables from affiliates;

•the continued success of the alternative assets industry;

•our ability to realize the anticipated benefits from our consolidation of Beneficient;

•Beneficient’s financial performance and ability to execute on its business plan;

•Beneficient’s ability to obtain the trust charters from the Texas Department of Banking necessary to implement its business plan;

•changes resulting from the evolution of our business model and strategy with respect to Beneficient and the life insurance secondary market;

•our reliance on debt financing and continued access to the capital markets;

•our significant and ongoing financing requirements;

•our predominant use of short-term debt to fund a portfolio of long-term assets could result in a liquidity shortage;

•our ability to make cash distributions in satisfaction of dividend obligations and redemption requests;

•our ability to satisfy our debt obligations if we were to sell our assets;

•general economic outlook, including prevailing interest rates;

Page 48

•the novel coronavirus pandemic, the ongoing economic downturn and its impact on our business;

•federal, state, FINRA and other regulatory matters;

•litigation risks;

•our ability to comply with financial and non-financial covenants contained in borrowing agreements;

•the reliability of assumptions underlying our actuarial models, including life expectancy (“LE”) estimates and our projections of mortality events and the realization of policy benefits;

•risks relating to the validity and enforceability of the life insurance policies we purchase;

•our reliance on information provided and obtained by third parties, including changes in underwriting tables and underwriting methodology;

•life insurance company credit exposure;

•cost-of-insurance (premium) increases on our life insurance policies;

•performance of our investments in life insurance policies; and

•risks associated with our investment in FOXO BioScience LLC (formerly InsurTech Holdings, LLC).

We caution you that the foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive. Forward-looking statements are only estimates and predictions, or statements of current intent. Actual results, outcomes or actions that we ultimately undertake could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements due to risks, uncertainties or actual events differing from the assumptions underlying these statements.

Overview

In 2018 and 2019, GWG Holdings and GWG Life consummated a series of transactions with Beneficient, as more fully described in Note 1 to our condensed consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q. On December 31, 2019, GWG Holdings obtained the right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of Beneficient Management. As a result of this change-of-control event, GWG Holdings reported the results of Beneficient on a consolidated basis beginning on the transaction date of December 31, 2019.

Beneficient is a financial services firm, based in Dallas, Texas, that provides liquidity solutions for professionally managed alternative assets for high net worth (“HNW”) individuals and small-to-mid (“STM”) size institutions, which previously had few options to obtain early liquidity for their alternative asset holdings. Beneficient has closed a limited number of these transactions to date, but intends to significantly expand its operations going forward. As part of the Company’s reorientation, we also changed our Board of Directors and executive management team. Beneficient plans to operate three potentially high value, high margin lines of business:

•Private Trust Lending & Liquidity Products. Through BCC, Beneficient provides a unique suite of private trust, lending and liquidity products focused on bringing liquidity to owners of professionally managed alternative assets. Beneficient’s innovative liquidity solutions are designed to serve HNW individuals, STM institutions, and asset managers who have historically possessed few attractive options to access early liquidity from their alternative assets. Beneficient targets HNW clients with $5 million to $30 million in net worth and STM institutional clients typically holding less than $1 billion in assets.

•Trust and Custody Services. Through BACC, and through Pen which is expected to be capitalized during fourth quarter 2020, Beneficient plans to market retirement funds, custody and clearing of alternative assets, and trustee and insurance services for covering risks attendant to owning or managing alternative assets.

•Financial Technology. Through Ben Markets, Beneficient plans to provide online portals and financial technologies for the trading and financing of alternative assets. Beneficient’s existing and planned products and services are designed to support the tax and estate planning objectives of its HNW clients, facilitate a diversification of assets or simply provide administrative management and reporting solutions tailored to the goals of the investor who owns alternative investments.

Page 49

While we are continuing our work to maximize the value of our secondary life insurance business, we do not anticipate purchasing additional life insurance policies in the secondary market and have increased capital allocated toward providing liquidity to holders of a broader range of alternative assets through Beneficient. We believe Beneficient’s operations will generally produce higher actual and risk-adjusted returns than those we can generally achieve from life insurance policies acquired in the secondary market. Furthermore, although we believe that our portfolio of life insurance policies is a meaningful component of a diversified alternative asset portfolio, we will continue to explore strategic alternatives for our life insurance portfolio aimed at maximizing its value, including a possible sale, refinancing or recapitalization of our life insurance portfolio.

GWG Holdings completed the transactions with Beneficient to provide the Company with a significant increase in assets and common shareholders’ equity. In addition, the transactions with Beneficient may provide the Company with the opportunity for a diversified source of future earnings within the alternative asset industry. As the combined organization expands, we believe the Beneficient transactions will transform GWG Holdings from a niche provider of liquidity to owners of life insurance to a full-scale provider of trust and liquidity products and trust services to owners of a broad range of alternative assets.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires us to make significant judgments, estimates, and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We base our judgments, estimates, and assumptions on historical experience and on various other factors believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates. We evaluate our judgments, estimates, and assumptions on a regular basis and make changes accordingly.

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to change, in the near term, relate to: the determination of the fair values of assets acquired, liabilities assumed and noncontrolling interests under business combinations accounting guidance; the determination of the assumptions used in estimating the fair value of our investments in life insurance policies; determining the grant date fair value for equity-based compensation awards; determining our allowance for loan losses; evaluation of potential impairment of goodwill and other intangibles; and the value of our deferred tax assets and liabilities. We believe these estimates are likely to have the greatest potential impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements and accordingly believe these to be our critical accounting estimates.

Refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 filed with the SEC on March 27, 2020 (“2019 Form 10-K”) for a discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates. As discussed in Note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q, we have revised and added accounting policies as necessary to incorporate those accounting policies of Beneficient. There have been no significant changes to our critical accounting policies during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, other than the additional policies noted below.

Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses

Loans receivable are carried at the principal amount outstanding, plus interest paid-in-kind. The loans do not have scheduled principal or interest payments due prior to their maturity date, which is generally 12 years from the date of origination. Prepayment of the loans, in whole or in part, is permitted without premium or penalty. Loans bear contractual interest at the greater of 14% plus or minus 95% of certain income or losses of the associated Funding Trust or 1-month LIBOR plus 10% compounded monthly. The primary source of repayment for the loans and related fees is cash flows from the alternative assets collateralizing the loans. Interest income on loans is accrued on the principal amount outstanding.

Impaired loans include non-accrual loans and partially charged-off loans. The accrual of interest on impaired loans is discontinued when, in management’s opinion, doubt exists about the full collectability of principal and interest. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, all previously accrued and unpaid interest is charged against income. If the ultimate collectability of principal, wholly or partially, is in doubt, any payment received on a loan on which the accrual of interest has been suspended is applied to reduce principal first. Once all principal has been received, additional interest payments are recognized on a cash basis as interest income. Loans are returned to accrual status once collection of contractually required principal and interest is reasonably assured. At such time, the accrual of interest and amortization of any remaining discount shall resume. Any interest income that was applied to the principal balance is not reversed and is subsequently recognized as an adjustment to yield over the remaining life of the loan.

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The allowance for loan losses is a valuation allowance for probable incurred credit losses in the portfolio. Management’s determination of the allowance is based upon an evaluation of the loan portfolio, impaired loans, economic conditions, volume, growth and composition of the collateral to the loan portfolio, and other risks inherent in the portfolio. Management applies risk factors to categories of loans and individually reviews all impaired loans above a de minimis threshold. Management relies heavily on statistical analysis, current net asset value (“NAV”) and distribution performance of the underlying alternative asset collateral and industry trends related to alternative asset investments to estimate losses. Management evaluates the adequacy of the allowance by reviewing relevant internal and external factors that affect credit quality. The cash flows from the underlying collateral are the sole source of repayment of the loans and related interest. Beneficient recognizes the charge-off in the period in which it is confirmed. Therefore, impaired loans are written down to their estimated net present value.

Purchased Loans

Purchased loans are recorded at their fair value at the acquisition date. Credit discounts are included in the determination of fair value; therefore, an allowance for loan losses is not recorded at the acquisition date. Purchased loans are evaluated upon acquisition and classified as either purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) or non-purchased credit impaired (“non-PCI”).

PCI loans reflect credit deterioration since origination such that it is probable at acquisition that Beneficient will be unable to collect all contractually required payments. For PCI loans, expected cash flows at the acquisition date in excess of the fair value of loans are recorded as interest income over the life of the loans using a level yield method if the timing and amount of the future cash flows is reasonably estimable. Subsequent to the acquisition date, increases in cash flows over those expected at the acquisition date are recognized prospectively as interest income. Decreases in expected cash flows due to credit deterioration are recognized by recording an allowance for loan loss. Beneficient does not report PCI loans as nonperforming due to the accretion of interest income.

For non-PCI loans, the difference between the fair value and unpaid principal balance (“UPB”) of the loan at the acquisition date, referred to as a purchase premium or discount, is amortized or accreted to interest income over the contractual life of the loans using the effective interest method. In the event of prepayment, the remaining unamortized amount is recognized in interest income.

Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets

Goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets are initially recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Goodwill and other intangible assets having an indefinite useful life are not amortized for financial statement purposes. In the event that facts and circumstances indicate that the goodwill or other identifiable intangible assets may be impaired, an interim impairment test would be required. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their useful lives. We perform required annual impairment tests of our goodwill and other intangible assets as of October 1 for our reporting units.

The goodwill impairment test requires us to make judgments and assumptions. The test consists of estimating the fair value of each reporting unit based on valuation techniques, including a discounted cash flow model using revenue and profit forecasts and recent industry transaction and trading multiples of our peers, and comparing those estimated fair values with the carrying values of the assets and liabilities of each reporting unit, which includes the allocated goodwill. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, we will recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, any loss recognized will not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit.

This evaluation includes multiple assumptions, including estimated discounted cash flows and other estimates that may change over time. If future discounted cash flows become less than those projected by us, future impairment charges may become necessary that could have a materially adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition in the period in which the write-off occurs.

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Equity-Based Compensation

The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all equity-based payments at fair value on the grant date over the requisite service period. GWG Holdings uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock options and stock appreciation rights. For restricted stock grants (including restricted stock units), fair value is determined as of the closing price of GWG Holdings’ common stock on the date of grant. As it is not publicly traded, Beneficient uses various methods to determine the grant date fair value of its equity-based compensation awards.

The fair value of the Beneficient Management Partners, L.P. (“BMP”) Equity Units is determined on the grant date using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis. This fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The resultant probability-weighted cash flows are then discounted using a rate that reflects the uncertainty surrounding the expected outcomes, which the Company believes is appropriate and representative of a market participant assumption.

The fair value of Ben LP’s restricted equity units (“REUs”) is estimated on the grant date using recent equity transactions involving third parties, which provides the Company with observable fair value information sufficient for estimating the grant date fair value.

Recent Developments

The following recent developments are described in more detail in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements. A reference to the corresponding note is included below:

•On August 11, 2020, the Option Agreement between Ben LP and GWG Holdings was exercised, resulting in GWG Holdings receiving $57.5 million of Common Units (Note 1);

•On August 13, 2020, Beneficient executed the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement and the Second Amended and Restated Second Lien Credit Agreement with its lender (Note 10);

•On September 30, 2020, the LiquidTrust Promissory Note between GWG Life and the LiquidTrust was repaid by the LiquidTrust Borrowers utilizing Preferred Series C Unit Accounts of BCH (Note 6) resulting in GWG increasing its ownership in Ben;

•Subsequent to September 30, 2020 and through November 6, 2020, Beneficient has originated $8.1 million of loans receivable; and

•An update on the current state of the Company and potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (Note 18).

Asset Diversification

As of September 30, 2020, we held a combined portfolio of assets consisting of 66% of fair value secondary life insurance policies and 34% of loans collateralized by cash flows from alternative assets. The table presented below reflects classifications based on GWG Holdings’ and Beneficient’s current exposure types as of September 30, 2020 (dollar amounts in thousands). Additional information regarding Beneficient's loan portfolio is available on its website at www.trustben.com. The information on Beneficient's website is not part of, or incorporated by reference in, this report.

Exposure Type	Value		Percent of Total
Intermediate-Duration Life Insurance Policies (1)	$	310,818	26.0	%
Near-Duration Life Insurance Policies (1)	308,962		25.9	%
Long-Duration Life Insurance Policies (1)	167,481		14.0	%
Growth Stage Private (2)	122,662		10.3	%
Late Stage Venture Backed (2)	99,467		8.3	%
Corporate Buyouts (2)	72,161		6.0	%
Early Stage Venture Backed (2)	58,298		4.9	%
Other (2)	54,844		4.6	%
Total	$	1,194,693	100.0	%

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______________________________________________________

(1)Represents fair value of life insurance polices

(2)Represents the net asset value (“NAV”) of the interests in alternative assets that provide cash flows that comprise the collateral of Beneficient’s loan portfolio. NAV calculation reflects the most current report of NAV and other data received from firm/fund sponsors. If no such report has been received, Beneficient estimates NAV based upon the last NAV calculation reported by the investment manager and adjusts it for capital calls and distributions made in the intervening time frame.

The underlying exposure data represents GWG Holdings’ exposure to life insurance policies included in its portfolio and its exposure to the underlying collateral of Beneficient’s loan portfolio. Exposure type reflects classifications based on each company’s portfolio as determined by management. Figures are based on third-party information and other relevant information as determined by management. “Other” includes private debt strategies, natural resources strategies, and hedge funds. “Near-Term”, “Intermediate-Term”, and “Long-Term” life insurance policies represent policies with life expectancies between 0 – 47 months, 48 – 95 months, and 96 – 240 months, respectively.

The following sections contain information on each of the secondary life insurance assets and Beneficient loans receivable separately.

Secondary Life Insurance Assets

Our portfolio of life insurance policies, owned by our subsidiaries as of September 30, 2020, is summarized below:

Life Insurance Portfolio Summary

Total life insurance portfolio face value of policy benefits (in thousands)	$	1,921,067
Average face value per policy (in thousands)	$	1,777
Average face value per insured life (in thousands)	$	1,913
Weighted average age of insured (years)		82.9
Weighted average life expectancy estimate (years)		6.9
Total number of policies		1,081
Number of unique lives		1,004
Demographics		74% Male; 26% Female
Number of smokers		43
Largest policy as % of total portfolio face value		0.7	%
Average policy as % of total portfolio		0.1	%
Average annual premium as % of face value		3.7	%

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Our portfolio of life insurance policies, owned by our subsidiaries as of September 30, 2020, organized by the insured’s current age and the associated number of policies and policy benefits, is summarized below:

Distribution of Policies and Policy Benefits by Current Age of Insured

					Percentage of Total
Min Age	Max Age	Number of Policies	Policy Benefits		Number of Policies		Policy Benefits		Weighted Average LE (Years)
63	69	45	$	50,840	4.2	%	2.6	%	10.34
70	74	199	230,244		18.4	%	12.0	%	10.71
75	79	207	364,936		19.1	%	19.0	%	9.63
80	84	221	392,196		20.5	%	20.5	%	7.36
85	89	235	547,893		21.7	%	28.5	%	4.93
90	94	149	284,856		13.8	%	14.8	%	3.09
95	100	25	50,102		2.3	%	2.6	%	2.19
Total		1,081	$	1,921,067	100.0	%	100.0	%	6.9

Our portfolio of life insurance policies, owned by our subsidiaries as of September 30, 2020, organized by the insured’s estimated life expectancy estimates and associated policy benefits, is summarized below:

Distribution of Policies by Current Life Expectancies of Insured

					Percentage of Total
Min LE (Months)	Max LE (Months)	Number of Policies	Policy Benefits (in Thousands)		Number of Policies		Policy Benefits
0	47	295	$	485,341	27.3	%	25.3	%
48	71	230	422,540		21.3	%	22.0	%
72	95	197	342,067		18.2	%	17.8	%
96	119	154	287,227		14.2	%	15.0	%
120	143	112	174,806		10.4	%	9.1	%
144	179	79	149,556		7.3	%	7.8	%
180	240	14	59,530		1.3	%	3.0	%
Total		1,081	$	1,921,067	100.0	%	100.0	%

We rely on the payment of policy benefit claims by life insurance companies as a significant source of cash inflow. The life insurance assets we own represent obligations of third-party life insurance companies to pay the benefit amount under the policy upon the mortality of the insured. As a result, we manage this credit risk exposure by generally purchasing policies issued by insurance companies with investment-grade ratings from Standard & Poor’s, and diversifying our life insurance portfolio among a number of insurance companies.

The yield to maturity on bonds issued by life insurance carriers reflects, among other things, the credit risk (risk of default) of such insurance carrier. We follow the yields on certain publicly traded life insurance company bonds because this information is part of the data we consider when valuing our portfolio of life insurance policies for our financial statements.

The average yield to maturity of publicly traded life insurance company bonds data we consider as inputs to our life insurance portfolio valuation process was 1.36% as of September 30, 2020. We believe this reflects, in part, the financial market’s judgment that credit risk is low with regard to these carriers’ financial obligations. The obligations of life insurance carriers to pay life insurance policy benefits ranks senior to all of their other financial obligations, including the senior bonds they issue. As of September 30, 2020, approximately 96.2% of the face value of policy benefits in our life insurance portfolio were issued by insurance companies with investment-grade credit ratings from Standard & Poor’s.

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As of September 30, 2020, our ten largest life insurance company credit exposures and the Standard & Poor’s credit rating of their respective financial strength and claims-paying ability is set forth below:

Distribution of Policy Benefits by Top 10 Insurance Companies

Rank	Policy Benefits (in Thousands)		Percentage of Policy Benefit Amount		Insurance Company	S&P Insurer Financial Strength Rating
1	$	281,692	14.7	%	John Hancock Life Insurance Company	AA-
2	215,804		11.2	%	Lincoln National Life Insurance Company	AA-
3	205,936		10.7	%	AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company	A+
4	166,791		8.7	%	Transamerica Life Insurance Company	A+
5	157,755		8.2	%	Brighthouse Life Insurance Company	AA-
6	87,839		4.6	%	American General Life Insurance Company	A+
7	85,998		4.5	%	Pacific Life Insurance Company	AA-
8	67,376		3.5	%	ReliaStar Life Insurance Company	A+
9	60,558		3.2	%	Security Life of Denver Insurance Company	A+
10	57,953		3.0	%	Protective Life Insurance Company	AA-
	$	1,387,702	72.3	%

Beneficient Loans Receivable

Beneficient’s primary operations pertain to its liquidity products whereby Ben LP, through its subsidiaries, extends loans collateralized by cash flows from illiquid alternative assets and provides services to the trustees who administer the collateral. Beneficient’s core business products are its Exchange Trust, LiquidTrust and the InterChange Trust (introduced in 2020). Beneficient’s clients select one of these products and place their alternative assets into the custody trust that is a constituent member of a trust structure called the “ExAlt PlanTM” (comprised of Exchange Trusts, LiquidTrusts, Custody Trusts, Collective Trusts, and Funding Trusts). The ExAlt PlanTM then delivers to Beneficient’s clients the consideration required by the specific product selected by those clients. At the same time, Beneficient, through a subsidiary, extends a loan to the ExAlt PlanTM. The proceeds (cash or securities of Ben LP or its affiliates) of that loan to the ExAlt PlanTM are ultimately paid to the client. The cash flows from the client’s alternative asset support the repayment of the loans plus any related interest and fees.

Loans are carried at the principal amount outstanding, plus interest paid in kind, less allowance for loan loss and net of any unearned income. Loans bear contractual interest at the greater of 14% plus or minus 95% of certain income or losses of the associated Funding Trust or 1-month LIBOR plus 10%, compounded monthly. In the event an alternative reference rate is required, the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) would replace LIBOR, as contemplated in our loan agreements. The primary source of repayment for the loans and related fees is cash flows from the alternative assets collateralizing the loans. Interest income on loans is accrued on the principal amount outstanding and interest compounds on a monthly basis.

Beneficient held loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses, of $227.0 million and $232.3 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Loan to Value Ratio

The loan to value ratio is calculated as the carrying value of loans receivable prior to any allowance for loan losses over the collateral value of the loan portfolio. The collateral value is defined as the mutual beneficial interest of the respective Collective Trust that is owed by the Funding Trust, which is derived from the expected cash flows from the alternative assets. The collateral is valued using industry standard valuation models which includes assumptions related to i) equity market risk premiums, ii) alternative asset beta to public equities, iii) NAVs, iv) volatilities, v) distribution rates, and vi) market discount rates. The fair value of the mutual beneficial interests collateralizing the loan portfolio as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $361.7 million and $357.8 million, respectively.

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Beneficient’s loan to value ratio for the entire loan portfolio was .63 and .65 as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. The loan to value ratio as of December 31, 2019 is not reflective of measurement period adjustments recorded during the measurement period.

As of September 30, 2020, Beneficient’s loan portfolio had exposure to 122 professionally managed alternative investment funds, comprised of 323 underlying investments, and approximately 87 percent of Beneficient’s loan portfolio (based on NAV) was collateralized by investments in private companies.

The collateral to Beneficient’s loan portfolio spans across these industry sectors and geographic regions for the periods shown below (dollar amounts in thousands):

	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
Industry Sector	Value		Percent of Total		Value		Percent of Total
Other(1)	$	65,481	16.0	%	$	42,954	11.3	%
Semiconductors and Semiconductor Equipment	54,018		13.3	%	11,983		3.2	%
Diversified Financials	50,067		12.3	%	27,418		7.3	%
Telecommunication Services	48,366		11.9	%	40,356		10.7	%
Food and Staples Retailing	45,026		11.1	%	20,507		5.4	%
Utilities	38,894		9.5	%	17,768		4.7	%
Software and Services	36,184		8.9	%	21,858		5.8	%
Not Applicable (e.g., Escrow, Earnouts)(1)	36,052		8.8	%	27,829		7.3	%
Health Care Equipment and Services	28,978		7.1	%	94,325		25.0	%
Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology and Life Sciences	4,366		1.1	%	73,002		19.3	%
Total	$	407,432	100.0	%	$	378,000	100.0	%

	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
Geography	Value		Percent of Total		Value		Percent of Total
North America	$	159,627	39.2	%	$	215,462	57.0	%
Western Europe	89,272		21.9	%	81,769		21.6	%
Asia	83,967		20.6	%	25,163		6.7	%
Latin & South America	46,487		11.4	%	22,402		5.9	%
Other(2)	28,079		6.9	%	33,204		8.8	%
Total	$	407,432	100.0	%	$	378,000	100.0	%

_______________________________________________________________

(1)Industries in this category each comprise less than 5 percent as of September 30, 2020. Pharmaceuticals, Biotechnology and Life Sciences is shown separately as it comprised greater than 5 percent as of December 31, 2019.

(2)Locations in this category each comprise less than 5 percent.

Values represent the NAV of the interests in alternative assets, the cash flows of which comprise the collateral of Beneficient’s loan portfolio. Assets in the collateral portfolio consist primarily of interests in alternative investment vehicles (also referred to as “funds”) that are managed by a group of U.S. and non-U.S. based alternative asset management firms that invest in a variety of financial markets and utilize a variety of investment strategies. The vintages of the funds in the collateral portfolio as of September 30, 2020 ranged from 1993 to 2016.

As Beneficient grows its loan portfolio, Beneficient will monitor the diversity of its collateral portfolio through the use of concentration guidelines. These guidelines were established, and will be periodically updated, through a data driven approach based on asset type, fund manager, vintage of fund, industry segment and geography to manage portfolio risk. Beneficient will refer to these guidelines when making decisions about new financing opportunities; however, these guidelines will not restrict Beneficient from entering into financing opportunities that would result in Beneficient having exposure outside of its concentration guidelines. In addition, changes to Beneficient’s collateral portfolio may lag changes to the concentration

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guidelines. As such, Beneficient’s collateral portfolio may, at any given time, have exposures that are outside of its concentration guidelines to reflect, among other things, attractive financing opportunities, limited availability of assets, or other business reasons. Given Beneficient’s limited operating history, its collateral portfolio as of September 30, 2020 had exposure to certain alternative investment vehicles and investments in private companies that were outside of those guidelines.

Classifications by industry sector, exposure type and geography reflect classification of investments held in funds or companies held directly in the collateral portfolio. Investments reflect the assets listed by the general partner of a fund as held by the fund and have a positive or negative net asset value. Typical assets include portfolio companies, limited partnership interests in other funds, and net other assets, which are a fund’s cash and other current assets minus liabilities. The alternative assets that serve as collateral for Beneficient’s loan portfolio are primarily limited partnership interests, and the limited partnership agreements governing those interests generally include restrictions on disclosure of fund-level information, including fund names and company names in the funds.

Industry sector is based on Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS®) Level 2 classification (also known as “Industry Group”) of companies held in the collateral portfolio by funds or directly, subject to certain adjustments by us. “Other” classification is not a GICS® classification. “Other” classification reflects companies in the GICS® classification categories of Automobiles & Components, Banks, Commercial & Professional Services, Consumer Durables & Apparel, Consumer Services, Energy, Food, Beverage & Tobacco, Household & Personal Products, Insurance, Materials, Media & Entertainment, Real Estate, Retailing, Semiconductors & Semiconductors Equipment, Tech Hardware & Equipment, and Transportation. N/A includes investments assets that we have determined do not have an applicable GICS® Level 2 classification, such as Net Other Assets and investments that are not operating companies.

Investment exposure type reflects classifications based on each fund’s current investment strategy stage as determined by us. “Other” includes private debt strategies, natural resources strategies and hedge funds.

Geography reflects classifications determined by us based on each underlying investment. “Other” geography classification includes Israel, Australia and Eastern Europe.

Principal Revenue and Expense Items

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, we earned revenues from the following primary sources:

•Revenue realized from maturities of life insurance policies. We recognize the difference between the face value of the policy benefits and carrying value when an insured event has occurred and determine that collection of the policy benefits is realizable and reasonably assured. Revenue from a transaction must meet both criteria in order to be recognized. We generally collect the face value of the life insurance policy from the insurance company within 45 days of our notification of the insured’s mortality.

•Change in Fair Value of Life Insurance Policies. We value our life insurance portfolio investments for each reporting period in accordance with the fair value principles discussed herein, which reflects the expected receipt of policy benefits in future periods, net of premium costs, as shown in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

•Interest Income. Includes interest income on Beneficient’s loan portfolio and on the LiquidTrust promissory note, including discount amortization as applicable. See the discussion above under “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates – Purchased Loans” for further information on our accounting for PCI and non-PCI loans.

•Trust Services. Trust administration fees are earned for providing administrative services to trustees for existing liquidity solution clients. The performance obligation under these agreements is satisfied over time as the administration and management services are provided. Fees are recognized monthly based upon the beginning of quarter (in advance) net asset value plus any remaining unfunded loan commitments and the applicable fee rate of the account as outlined in the agreement. Payment frequency is defined in the individual contracts, which primarily stipulate billings on a quarterly basis in advance. Fees that have been billed in advance are reflected as Deferred Income until earned. Trust services revenues were added beginning January 1, 2020, as a result of the consolidation of Beneficient on December 31, 2019.

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•Other Income. Includes changes in fair value of Beneficient's investment in put options, L Bond redemption fees, and other miscellaneous income. Additionally, includes income recognized during the second quarter of 2020 by Beneficient as a result of the forfeiture of vested equity-based compensation related to one former director of Beneficient.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, our main components of expense are summarized below:

•Interest Expense. We recognize and record interest expenses associated with the costs of financing our life insurance portfolio and our investment in Beneficient. These expenses include interest paid to our senior lenders under our second amended and restated senior credit facility with LNV Corporation (“LNV Credit Facility”), as well as interest paid on our L Bonds, Seller Trust L Bonds and other outstanding indebtedness, including Beneficient’s other borrowings. When we issue debt, we amortize the financing costs (commissions and other fees) associated with such indebtedness over the outstanding term of the financing and classify it as interest expense.

•Employee Compensation and Benefits. Employee compensation and benefits includes salaries, bonuses and other incentives and costs of employee benefits. Also included are significant non-cash compensation expense related to Beneficient’s equity incentive plans for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020.

•Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. We recognize and record expenses in our business operations as incurred, including operations related to the servicing of life insurance policies, the origination and servicing of loans and costs associated with trust administration. These expenses include legal and professional fees, sales, marketing, occupancy and other expenditures.

Additional components of our net earnings include:

•Earnings (Loss) from Equity Method Investment. Prior to the Investment and Exchange Agreements on December 31, 2019, we accounted for our investment in the common units of Ben LP (“Common Units”) using the equity method. Under this method, we recorded our share of the net earnings or losses attributable to Ben LP common unitholders, on a one quarter lag, as a separate line on our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We also account for our investment in FOXO as an equity method investment, which is also included in earnings (loss) from equity method investment in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. We had losses from equity method investments of $1.4 million and earnings from equity method investments of $1.0 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. We had losses from equity method investments of $4.3 million and $0.4 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

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Results of Operations —Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to the Same Periods in 2019

The following is our analysis of the results of operations for the periods indicated below. This analysis should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes (dollar values in thousands).

Revenue from Secondary Life Insurance

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Revenue realized from maturities of life insurance policies	$	26,336		$	20,830		$	72,939		$	60,242
Revenue recognized from change in fair value of life insurance policies	6,021			14,181			23,476			48,031
Premiums and other annual fees paid	(18,235)			(17,219)			(53,060)			(49,055)
Gain on life insurance policies, net	$	14,122		$	17,792		$	43,355		$	59,218
Attribution of gain on life insurance policies, net:
Change in estimated probabilistic cash flows, net of premium and other annual fees paid	$	(3,512)		$	689		$	(5,137)		$	3,106
Net revenue recognized at maturity	17,634			16,631			48,492			49,337
Unrealized gain on acquisitions	—			472			—			6,775
Gain on life insurance policies, net	$	14,122		$	17,792		$	43,355		$	59,218
Number of policies acquired	—			6			—			81
Face value of purchases	$	—		$	3,155		$	—		$	96,321
Purchases (initial cost basis)	$	—		$	711		$	—		$	32,250
Unrealized gain on acquisition (% of face value)	—			15.0		%	—			7.0		%
Number of policies matured	21			22			70			61
Face value of matured policies	$	39,803		$	27,470		$	105,194		$	80,927
Net revenue recognized at maturity event (% of face value matured)	44.3		%	60.5		%	46.1		%	61.0		%

Revenue from changes in estimated probabilistic cash flows, net of premiums paid was $(3.5) million and $0.7 million during the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $(5.1) million and $3.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The decreases of $3.7 million and 15.9 million in gain on life insurance policies for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, over the comparable prior year periods, was driven by a combination of no gain on policy acquisitions and maturities of policies with a higher cumulative cost basis.

The Company did not purchase any life insurance policies during the first nine months of 2020. The face value of life insurance policies purchased in the first nine months of 2019 was $96.3 million. The resulting unrealized gain on acquisition was nil and $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and nil and $6.8 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The absence of unrealized gain on acquisition in the current year periods is the result of a strategic decision to significantly reduce capital allocated to purchasing additional life insurance policies in the secondary market and to increase capital allocated toward providing liquidity to a broader range of alternative assets through additional investments in Beneficient. On December 31, 2019, we obtained the right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of the general partner of Ben LP. As a result of this change-of-control event, we reported the results of Ben LP and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis beginning on the transaction date of December 31, 2019. We believe Beneficient can finance investments in alternative assets that will generally produce higher actual and risk-adjusted returns than those we can generally achieve from life insurance policies acquired in the secondary market. Furthermore, although we believe that our portfolio of life insurance policies is a meaningful component of a growing diversified alternative asset portfolio, we continue to explore strategic alternatives for our life insurance portfolio aimed at maximizing its value, including a possible sale, refinancing or recapitalization of our life insurance portfolio.

The face value of matured policies was $39.8 million and $27.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $105.2 million and $80.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, reflecting an increase in face value of matured policies of $12.3 million and $24.3 million, respectively, during those periods. The resulting revenue recognized at maturity was $26.3 million and $20.8 million during the three months ended September 30,

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2020 and 2019, respectively, and $72.9 million and $60.2 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The increased revenue recognized at maturity during the comparable periods reflects the continued aging of the existing portfolio with no additional policies being added.

Interest Income, Trust Services Revenues and Other Income (in thousands)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		Increase/(Decrease)		2020		2019		Increase/(Decrease)
Interest income	$	12,928	$	3,935	$	8,993	$	39,588	$	11,273	$	28,315
Trust services revenues	4,556		—		4,556		14,412		—		14,412
Other income	(3,093)		484		(3,577)		33,504		947		32,557
Total	$	14,391	$	4,419	$	9,972	$	87,504	$	12,220	$	75,284

Interest income increased $9.0 million and $28.3 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019, primarily due to the consolidation of Beneficient, which added $11.6 million and $35.1 million to interest income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. We also added $1.1 million per quarter in 2020 of interest income from the promissory note between GWG Life and certain LiquidTrusts entered into on May 31, 2019, as discussed in Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. These increases during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 were partially offset by $4.1 million and $8.5 million, respectively, of interest on the commercial loan between GWG Life and Beneficient, which was reported in interest income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, prior to the consolidation of Beneficient on December 31, 2019. This intercompany interest was eliminated in consolidation beginning January 1, 2020.

Trust services revenues related to Beneficient’s trust administration services were added beginning January 1, 2020, as a result of the consolidation of Beneficient on December 31, 2019.

Other income during the three months ended September 30, 2020, includes a $3.2 million decrease to the fair value of Beneficient's investment in put options entered into on July 17, 2020, compared to L Bond early redemption fees and other miscellaneous income items recorded in the comparable period in 2019. Other income increased $32.6 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the same period in 2019, due to $36.3 million of income recognized during the second quarter of 2020 by Beneficient as a result of the forfeiture of vested equity-based compensation related to one former director of Beneficient. A substantial majority of the former director’s equity-based compensation units were fully vested, and the related expense was recorded in prior periods. The provisions of the award agreements related to the forfeiture of vested units resulted in the previous expense being recorded to other income in the second quarter of 2020. This income was offset by the aforementioned decrease to the fair value of Beneficient’s put options during the third quarter of 2020. Other income during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 includes L Bond early redemption fees and other miscellaneous income from legacy initiatives of GWG Holdings.

Interest and Operating Expenses (in thousands)

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2020		2019		Increase/ (Decrease)		2020		2019		Increase/ (Decrease)
Interest expense (including amortization of deferred financing costs)	$	40,792	$	28,290	$	12,502	$	113,805	$	83,752	$	30,053
Employee compensation and benefits	33,777		9,137		24,640		123,321		21,085		102,236
Legal and professional fees	7,830		2,594		5,236		21,636		10,263		11,373
(Recapture of) provision for loan losses	(4,986)		—		(4,986)		2,914		—		2,914
Other expenses	4,550		3,549		1,001		13,057		12,316		741
Total expenses	$	81,963	$	43,570	$	38,393	$	274,733	$	127,416	$	147,317

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Interest expense, including amortization of deferred financing costs, increased $12.5 million and $30.1 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019. The increase in interest expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the same periods in 2019, was primarily due to the increase in the average outstanding L Bonds during each of the comparative periods. The increased average L Bond balances resulted in increases to interest expense of $7.7 million and $19.3 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the comparable periods in 2019. Also, the consolidation of Beneficient beginning December 31, 2019 increased interest expense by $3.5 million and $7.7 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019, related to Beneficient’s other borrowings. Additionally, $1.5 million and $3.1 million of increased interest expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019, was due to increased interest paid on our LNV Credit Facility associated with a higher principal balance outstanding.

The increase in employee compensation and benefits in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the same periods of 2019, was primarily related to the consolidation of Beneficient on December 31, 2019. Specifically, the Company recognized $23.2 million and $96.3 million of equity-based compensation expense during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, related to Beneficient’s equity incentive plans. Beneficient’s Board of Directors adopted the equity incentive plans in 2018 and 2019 and approved the granting of equity incentive awards during the second quarter of 2019 to certain directors and in the first quarter of 2020 to certain employees. Awards are generally subject to service-based vesting over a multi-year period from the recipient’s date of hire, though some awards fully vested upon the grant date. As of September 30, 2020, over 78% of the awards granted under Beneficient’s equity incentive plans had vested.

The Company expects to recognize an additional $4.0 million of equity-based compensation expense under Beneficient’s plans in the three months ending December 31, 2020, related to awards outstanding as of September 30, 2020. Expense associated with these awards is based on the fair value of the equity on the date of grant. As Ben LP’s equity is not publicly traded, the fair value of the equity awards is estimated on the grant date using internal valuations or recent equity transactions involving third parties, which provides the Company with observable fair value information sufficient for estimating the grant date fair value.

In addition to Beneficient’s equity-based compensation expense, we recognized additional retention, severance and other costs in the first quarter of 2020 related to the relocation of our principal offices from Minneapolis to Dallas in late 2019.

The increase in legal and professional fees in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the same periods of 2019, is primarily the result of the consolidation of Beneficient on December 31, 2019, which added $4.7 million and $13.6 million of legal and professional fees during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. In addition to the consolidation of Beneficient, recent transactions and other ongoing initiatives resulted in increased legal and professional fees during the third quarter of 2020, compared to the same period in 2019. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, the increase in legal and professional fees resulting from the consolidation of Beneficient was partially offset as the nine months ended 2019 included comparatively high legal and professional fees of GWG Holdings as a result of the Beneficient transactions detailed in Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

During the three months ended September 30, 2020, a loan loss provision recapture of $5.0 million was recognized due to an increase in expected cash flows for certain PCI loans as more fully described in Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, a loan loss provision expense of $2.3 million was recorded, primarily due to a decrease in expected cash flows.

The increase in other expenses, in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same periods of 2019, is primarily the result of the consolidation of Beneficient on December 31, 2019, which added $2.0 million and $4.7 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively. These increases were partially offset by lower business insurance, contract labor and other operating expenses of GWG Holdings and subsidiaries during the comparable periods.

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Income Taxes

The Company applies an estimated annual effective rate to interim period pre-tax income to calculate the income tax provision for the quarter in accordance with the principal method prescribed by the accounting guidance established for computing income taxes in interim periods.

Consolidated income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 was $22.4 million, and consolidated income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 was $0.6 million. The Company’s effective tax rate was 0.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2020. The income tax expense for the three months ended September 30, 2020 primarily reflects the effects of a gain allocated to GWG Holdings from Ben LP and an increase to the valuation allowance on the Company's net deferred tax assets (described below). The income tax benefit for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 primarily reflects the effects of a gain allocated to GWG Holdings from Ben LP and a change in state taxing jurisdictions.

After the change-of-control transaction with Ben LP on December 31, 2019, the Company moved its headquarters from Minnesota to Texas. This move resulted in a change in the state deferred tax rate from 9.8% to 0%. In the third quarter 2020, GWG Holdings was allocated a gain from its investment in Ben LP. The tax effects of these items have been recorded as discrete items.

The Company currently records a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets that cannot be realized by the future reversal of existing temporary differences. Due to the uncertain timing of the reversal of certain of these temporary differences due to the constraint described below, they cannot be considered as a source of future taxable income for purposes of determining a valuation allowance; therefore, the vast majority of the deferred tax liability cannot be utilized in determining the realizability of the deferred tax assets. This is often referred to as a “naked credit.” Due to a prior deemed ownership change, net operating loss carryforwards are subject to Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.

The Company reassessed its valuation allowance during the third quarter of 2020 and determined it will no longer utilize the reversal of a temporary difference related to the Company's preferred equity ownership in Beneficient, until such time as the preferred equity is no longer constrained, as a source of income to realize existing deferred tax assets related to the net operating loss and Section 163(j) limitations. As a result, the valuation allowance on the deferred tax assets increased as of September 30, 2020, which resulted in a larger net deferred tax liability (naked credit) as of September 30, 2020. The naked credit as of September 30, 2020 is specifically related to GWG Life’s investment in the Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Accounts described in Note 1. The disposition of this investment is constrained by the Pledge and Security Agreement in favor of the holders of the L Bonds of GWG Holdings. As such, the timing of recognition of the necessary taxable income related to this investment and the future reversal of this temporary difference cannot be predicted.

We continue to monitor and evaluate the rationale for recording a full valuation allowance for the net amount of the deferred tax assets in excess of the deferred tax liabilities that are not constrained. We intend to continue maintaining a full valuation allowance on these net deferred tax assets until there is sufficient evidence to support the reversal of all or some portion of these allowances. Release of the valuation allowance would result in the recognition of certain deferred tax assets and a decrease to income tax expense for the period the release is recorded. However, the exact timing and amount of the valuation allowance release are subject to change on the basis of the level of profitability that we are able to actually achieve.

On March 27, 2020, Congress passed and the President signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), which included significant changes to U.S. Federal income tax law. However, the only change that is expected to affect the Company is the modification to Section 163(j), which increased the allowable business interest deduction from 30% of adjusted taxable income to 50% of adjusted taxable income.

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Revenue and Earnings before Tax by Reportable Segment — Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020 Compared to the Same Periods of 2019

We have two reportable segments: 1) Beneficient and 2) Secondary Life Insurance. Corporate & Other includes certain activities not allocated to specific business segments. These activities include holding company financing and investing activities, management and administrative services to support the overall operations of the Company and our equity method investment in FOXO.

Comparison of revenue by reportable segment for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
Revenue:	2020		2019		Increase/(Decrease)		2020		2019		Increase/(Decrease)
Secondary Life Insurance	$	14,422	$	18,238	$	(3,816)	44,800		$	61,199	$	(16,399)
Beneficient	14,091		3,709		10,382		86,042		9,723		76,319
Corporate & Other	—		264		(264)		17		517		(500)
Total	$	28,513	$	22,211	$	6,302	$	130,859	$	71,439	$	59,420

The primary components of the changes in revenue during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same periods in 2019 were as follows:

•Secondary Life Insurance revenue decreased by $3.8 million and $16.4 million during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the comparable periods in 2019, primarily as a result of respective decreases of $0.5 million and $6.9 million in gain on policy acquisitions as we have not acquired any policies in 2020. Also contributing to the decrease in Secondary Life Insurance segment revenues were respective decreases of $3.2 million and $4.2 million in change in estimated probabilistic cash flows during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the comparable periods in 2019, and respective increases of $1.0 million and $4.0 million in premiums paid during the comparable periods. Furthermore, net revenue recognized at maturity was $1.0 million higher and $0.9 million lower in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019.

•Beneficient segment revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 represents the consolidated operations of Beneficient, compared to an equity method investment in Beneficient during the same periods in 2019, and also includes interest income on the LiquidTrust promissory note entered into in May 2019. As such, the first nine months of 2020 includes $35.1 million of interest income and $14.4 million of trust services revenues, whereas the first nine months of 2019 primarily includes interest income on the Commercial Loan between GWG Life and Beneficient, which was eliminated in consolidation beginning December 31, 2019. Additionally, there was $36.2 million of income recognized during the second quarter by Beneficient as a result of the forfeiture of vested equity-based compensation related to one former director of Beneficient. A substantial majority of the former director’s equity-based compensation units were fully vested, and the related expense was recorded in prior periods. The provisions of the award agreements related to forfeiture of vested units resulted in the previous expense being recorded to other income in the second quarter of 2020.

•Corporate & Other revenue was de minimis during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, and during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 includes minimal revenue related to a legacy merchant cash advance subsidiary of GWG Holdings. GWG holdings no longer participates in the merchant cash advance industry.

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Comparison of earnings before tax by reportable segment for the periods indicated (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
Segment Income (Loss) Before Tax(1)	2020		2019		Increase/Decrease		2020		2019		Increase/Decrease
Secondary Life Insurance	$	(12,147)	$	(9,169)	$	(2,978)	$	(39,314)	$	(19,792)	$	(19,522)
Beneficient(1)	(33,819)		(2,214)		(31,605)		(86,347)		(11,286)		(75,061)
Corporate & Other(2)	(8,915)		(9,020)		105		(22,492)		(25,270)		2,778
Total	$	(54,881)	$	(20,403)	$	(34,478)	$	(148,153)	$	(56,348)	$	(91,805)

_______________________________________________

(1)Includes income and loss from equity method investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, as presented in our condensed consolidated statements of operations, related to GWG Holdings’ equity method investment in Beneficient prior to December 31, 2019.

(2)Includes loss from equity method investments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, as presented in our condensed consolidated statements of operations, related to GWG Holdings’ investment in FOXO.

The primary drivers of the changes in loss before tax during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, compared to the same periods in 2019 were as follows:

•Secondary Life Insurance loss before tax increased by $3.0 million and $19.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019, as a result of the following:

•$3.7 million and $15.9 million decreases in gain on life insurance policies, net for the comparative periods as described above in the revenue comparison discussion;

•$12.5 million and $30.1 million increases in interest expense during the comparative periods as a result of higher average debt outstanding; and

•Increases in operating expenses of $25.9 million and $117.3 million during the comparative periods, primarily resulting from higher employee compensation and benefits, professional fees and other expenses described above in the expense comparison discussion.

•Beneficient segment loss before tax increased by $31.6 million and $75.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2019, primarily due to the consolidation of Beneficient on December 31, 2019. During 2019, we accounted for Beneficient using the equity method on a one-quarter lag, and the amount reported represents our proportionate share of the losses of Beneficient for the period presented. The one-quarter lag was discontinued with the consolidation of Beneficient on December 31, 2019. The earnings of Beneficient for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, were affected by $24.3 million and $93.6 million, respectively, of non-cash charges for equity incentive compensation.  During the nine months ended September 30, 2020, Beneficient’s losses were offset by $36.2 million of income recognized as a result of the forfeiture of vested equity-based compensation related to one former director of Beneficient as described in the revenue comparison discussion above.

•Corporate and Other operating loss was lower during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 compared to the same periods in 2019, primarily due to lower legal and consulting fees as we incurred higher fees in the first nine months of 2019 as a result of the Beneficient transactions.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

We finance our businesses through a combination of life insurance policy benefit receipts; receipt of principal, interest and related fees on loans receivable; dividends and interest on investments; equity offerings; debt offerings; and our LNV Credit Facility and other borrowings. We have traditionally used proceeds from these sources for policy acquisition, policy premiums and servicing costs, working capital and financing expenditures including paying principal, interest and dividends. We have also used, and intend to continue to use, proceeds to allocate capital to Beneficient.

As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we had approximately $177.7 million and $151.5 million, respectively, in combined available cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, policy benefits receivable and fees receivable.

We currently fund our business primarily with debt that generally has a shorter duration than the duration of our longer-term assets. The resulting asset/liability mismatch can result in a liquidity shortfall if we are unable to renew maturing short term debt or secure suitable additional financing. In such a situation, we could be forced to sell assets at less than optimal (distressed) prices. We heavily rely on our L Bond offering to fund our business operations, including capital allocations to Beneficient. We were unable to offer our L Bonds, our primary source of debt capital, for the approximately three month period commencing May 1, 2019 due to delays in filing certain periodic reports with the SEC. We drew down our cash balances during that period as L Bonds matured but were unable to be renewed, and we were unable to offer new L Bonds. We recommenced our L Bond offering on August 8, 2019. If we are again forced to suspend our L Bond offering in the future for any significant length of time, or demand for our L bonds dissipates, and we are unable to obtain replacement financing, our business would be adversely impacted and our ability to service and repay our debt obligations, much of which is short term, would be compromised, thereby negatively affecting our business prospects and viability.

We had $86.9 million of borrowing base capacity under the LNV Credit Facility as of September 30, 2020. Additional future borrowing base capacity for premiums and servicing costs, created as the premiums and servicing costs of pledged life insurance policies become due and by additional policy pledges to the facility, if any, exists under the LNV Credit Facility. The LNV Credit Facility has certain financial and nonfinancial covenants. We were in compliance with the debt covenants as of September 30, 2020 and continue to be so as of the filing date of this report.

As noted in the “Results of Operations” section above, on November 11, 2019, GWG Holdings contributed the common stock and membership interests of its wholly-owned FOXO Labs and FOXO Life subsidiaries to a legal entity, FOXO, in exchange for a membership interest in the entity. GWG Holdings has contributed $11.2 million in cash to FOXO to date and is committed to contribute an additional $5.0 million to the entity through October 2021.

Financings Summary

We had the following outstanding debt balances as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2020				December 31, 2019
Issuer/Borrower	Principal Amount Outstanding		Weighted Average Interest Rate		Principal Amount Outstanding		Weighted Average Interest Rate
GWG DLP Funding IV, LLC – LNV senior credit facility	$	213,117	9.16	%	$	184,586	9.57	%
GWG Holdings, Inc. – L Bonds	1,181,058		7.22	%	948,128		7.15	%
GWG Holdings, Inc. – Seller Trust L Bonds	366,892		7.50	%	366,892		7.50	%
Beneficient – Other borrowings	102,224		6.24	%	152,199		4.59	%
Total	$	1,863,291	7.44	%	$	1,651,805	7.26	%

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The table below reconciles the face amount of our outstanding debt to the carrying value shown on our balance sheets (dollars in thousands):

	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Senior credit facility with LNV Corporation
Face amount outstanding	$	213,117	$	184,586
Unamortized deferred financing costs	(9,210)		(10,196)
Carrying amount	$	203,907	$	174,390
L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds:
Face amount outstanding	$	1,547,950	$	1,315,020
Subscriptions in process	19,300		15,839
Unamortized selling costs	(45,839)		(37,329)
Carrying amount	$	1,521,411	$	1,293,530
Other borrowings:			—
Face amount outstanding	$	102,224	$	152,199
Unamortized premium (discount)	(2,046)		887
Carrying amount	$	100,178	$	153,086

In January 2015, we began publicly offering up to $1.0 billion of L Bonds as a follow-on to our earlier $250.0 million public debt offering. In January 2018, we began publicly offering up to $1.0 billion L Bonds under an additional offering. Through September 30, 2020, the total amount of L Bonds sold under these L Bond offerings, including renewals, was $2.0 billion. As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, we had approximately $1.2 billion and $948.1 million in principal amount of L Bonds outstanding (exclusive of Seller Trust L Bonds).

On June 3, 2020, a registration statement relating to an additional public offering was declared effective permitting us to sell up to $2.0 billion in principal amount of L Bonds on a continuous basis through June 2023. These bonds contain the same terms and features as our previous offerings. We have raised $108.3 million under this offering since it was declared effective.

In February 2017, we began publicly offering up to 150,000 shares of our Series 2 Redeemable Preferred Stock (“RPS 2”) at a per-share price of $1,000. As of December 31, 2018, we had issued approximately $150 million stated value of RPS 2 and terminated that offering.

On August 10, 2018, GWG Holdings, GWG Life and the Bank of Utah, as trustee, entered into the Supplemental Indenture to the Amended and Restated Indenture. GWG Holdings entered into the Supplemental Indenture to add and modify certain provisions of the Amended and Restated Indenture necessary to provide for the issuance of the Seller Trust L Bonds. We issued Seller Trust L Bonds in the amount of $366.9 million to the Seller Trusts in connection with the Exchange Transaction discussed in detail in Note 1 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. The maturity date of the Seller Trust L Bonds is August 9, 2023. The Seller Trust L Bonds bear interest at 7.5% per annum. Interest is payable monthly in cash (see Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements). The Amended and Restated Indenture was subsequently amended on December 31, 2019, primarily to modify the calculation of the Debt Coverage Ratio in the Indenture to provide the Company with the ability to incur indebtedness (directly or through a subsidiary of the Company) that is payable in capital stock of the Company or mandatorily convertible into or exchangeable for capital stock of the Company that would be excluded from the calculation of the Debt Coverage Ratio.

The weighted-average interest rate of our outstanding L Bonds (excluding the Seller Trust L Bonds) as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was 7.22% and 7.15%, respectively, and the weighted-average maturity at those dates was 3.22 years and 3.21 years, respectively. Our L Bonds have renewal features. Since we first issued our L Bonds, we have experienced $736.8 million in maturities, of which $389.2 million has renewed through September 30, 2020 for an additional term. This renewal activity has provided us with an aggregate renewal rate of approximately 52.8% for investments in these securities.

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Future contractual maturities of L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds at September 30, 2020 are as follows (in thousands):

Years Ending December 31,
Three months ending December 31, 2020	$	34,232
2021(1)	566,092
2022	254,467
2023	160,353
2024	117,303
Thereafter	415,503
	$	1,547,950

(1)After the second anniversary of the Final Closing, the holders of the Seller Trust L Bonds will have the right to cause GWG to repurchase, in whole but not in part, the Seller Trust L Bonds held by such holder within 45 days. As such, while the maturity date of the $366.9 million of Seller Trust L Bonds is in August 2023, their contractual maturity is reflected in 2021, as that is the first period in which they could become payable. The repurchase may be paid, at the option of GWG Holdings, in the form of cash, and/or a pro rata portion of (i) the outstanding principal amount and accrued and unpaid interest under the Commercial Loan Agreement, and (ii) Common Units, or a combination of cash and such property.

The L Bonds and the Seller Trust L Bonds are secured by all of our assets and are subordinate to our LNV Credit Facility.

On September 27, 2017, we entered into a $300.0 million amended and restated senior credit facility, which matures on September 27, 2029, with LNV Corporation in which DLP IV is the borrower. As of September 30, 2020, we had approximately $213.1 million outstanding under the senior credit facility. On November 1, 2019, we entered into the LNV Credit Facility, which replaced the prior agreement governing the facility. A description of the agreement governing our LNV Credit Facility is set forth below under the caption “Amendment of Credit Facility with LNV Corporation”. We intend to use the proceeds from this facility to maintain our portfolio of life insurance policies, for liquidity and for general corporate purposes.

Beneficient had borrowings with an aggregate carrying value of $100.2 million and $153.1 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively. This aggregate outstanding balance includes a first lien credit agreement and a second lien credit agreement with respective balances, including accrued interest, of $27.4 million and $72.2 million as of September 30, 2020 and $77.5 million and $72.2 million as of December 31, 2019, respectively. These amounts exclude an unamortized discount of $2.0 million as of September 30, 2020 and an unamortized premium of $0.9 million as of December 31, 2019. In accordance with the terms of the Second Amendments, both loans accrue interest at a rate of 1-month LIBOR plus 8.0%, with a maximum rate of 9.5%. Both credit agreements were amended and restated on August 13, 2020, which extended the maturity for both to April 10, 2021, as discussed in detail in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. Prior to the Second Amendments, both loans accrued interest at a rate of 1-month LIBOR plus 3.95%, compounded daily. These loans are not currently guaranteed by GWG as of September 30, 2020.

Beneficient has additional borrowings maturing in 2023 and 2024 with aggregate balances of $2.6 million and $2.5 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

We expect to meet our ongoing operational capital needs for alternative asset investments, policy premiums and servicing costs, working capital and financing expenditures including paying principal, interest and dividends through a combination of the receipt of policy benefits from our portfolio of life insurance policies, net proceeds from our L Bond offering, dividends and interest from investments, including Beneficient’s fee and loans receivable, and funding available from our LNV Credit Facility. We estimate that our liquidity and capital resources are sufficient for our current and projected financial needs for at least the next twelve months given current assumptions. However, if we are unable to continue our L Bond offering for any reason, and we are unable to obtain capital from other sources, our business will be materially and adversely affected. In addition, our business will be materially and adversely affected if we do not receive the policy benefits we forecast and if holders of our L Bonds fail to renew with the frequency we have historically experienced. In such a case, we could be forced to sell our investments in life insurance policies to service or satisfy our debt-related and other obligations. A sale under such circumstances may result in significant impairment of the recognized value of our portfolio.

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Capital expenditures have historically not been material and we do not anticipate making material capital expenditures through the remainder of 2020.

Alternative Assets and Secured Indebtedness

The following information is specifically related to GWG Holdings, Inc. and its subsidiaries (not including the assets and liabilities held by Beneficient or any eliminations in consolidation).

The following table seeks to illustrate the impact that a hypothetical sale of our portfolio of life insurance assets (at various discount rates, including the discount rate used to value our portfolio at September 30, 2020), and the realization of the investment in Common Units (a substantial majority of the net assets of which are currently represented by intangible assets and goodwill), investment in Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of BCH, investment in Preferred Series C Unit Account of BCH, and the Commercial Loan Agreement (in each case, at their respective carrying amounts and assuming no discount for lack of marketability or transaction costs, which could be substantial) would have on our ability to satisfy our debt obligations as of September 30, 2020. The investment in Common Units, investment in Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of BCH, investment in Preferred Series C Unit Account of BCH, and Commercial Loan Agreement are discussed in detail in Note 1 and other applicable notes to the consolidation financial statements. The amounts in the table below do not include the consolidation of the assets and liabilities of Beneficient and related eliminations as of September 30, 2020. In all cases, the sale of the life insurance assets owned by DLP IV will be used first to satisfy all amounts owing under our LNV Credit Facility. The net sale proceeds remaining after satisfying all obligations under our LNV Credit Facility would be applied to the L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds on a pari passu basis. All dollar amounts in the table below are in thousands.

Life Insurance

Portfolio Discount Rate	8.25%(1)		10.00%		15.00%		18.00%		20.00%
Value of life insurance portfolio	$	787,260	$	724,925	$	589,682	$	529,946	$	496,422
Common Units	438,403		438,403		438,403		438,403		438,403
Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of BCH	319,030		319,030		319,030		319,030		319,030
Preferred Series C Unit Account of BCH	161,000		161,000		161,000		161,000		161,000
Commercial Loan Agreement	177,512		177,512		177,512		177,512		177,512
Cash, cash equivalents and policy benefits receivable	144,850		144,850		144,850		144,850		144,850
Other assets	22,194		22,194		22,194		22,194		22,194
Total assets	2,050,249		1,987,914		1,852,671		1,792,935		1,759,411
Less: Senior credit facility(2)	213,117		213,117		213,117		213,117		213,117
Net after senior credit facility	1,837,132		1,774,797		1,639,554		1,579,818		1,546,294
Less: L Bonds(3)	1,547,950		1,547,950		1,547,950		1,547,950		1,547,950
Net remaining	$	289,182	$	226,847	$	91,604	$	31,868	$	(1,656)
Impairment to L Bonds	No impairment		No impairment		No impairment		No Impairment		Impairment

(1)The discount rate used to calculate the fair value of our life insurance portfolio as of September 30, 2020.

(2)This amount excludes unamortized deferred financing costs.

(3)Amount represents aggregate outstanding principal balance of L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds as of September 30, 2020.

The above table illustrates that our ability to fully satisfy amounts owing under the L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds would likely be impaired upon the sale or the realization of the investment in Common Units, investment in Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of BCH, investment in Preferred Series C Unit Account of BCH and Commercial Loan Agreement at their respective carrying amounts, plus all our life insurance assets at a price equivalent to a discount rate of approximately 20.00% or higher at September 30, 2020. At December 31, 2019, the likely impairment occurred at a discount rate of approximately 27.41% or higher.

The table does not include any allowance for transactional fees and expenses (which expenses and fees could be substantial) nor any discount for lack of marketability associated with a portfolio sale or the realization of the investment in Common Units, investment in Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of BCH, investment in Preferred Series C Unit Account of BCH, and Commercial Loan Agreement, respectively, and is provided to demonstrate how various discount rates used to value our portfolio of life insurance assets could affect our ability to satisfy amounts owing under our debt obligations in light of our senior secured lender’s right to priority payments under our senior credit facility with LNV Corporation.

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The table assumes we will realize the full amounts of investment in Common Units, investment in Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account of BCH, investment in Preferred Series C Unit Account of BCH and Commercial Loan Agreement. There is currently no market for the aforementioned assets, and a market may not develop. Our Commercial Loan receivable and a portion of our investment in the Common Units may be used as consideration for retiring the Seller Trust L Bonds upon a redemption event or at the maturity of the Seller Trust L Bonds (see Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements). This table also does not include the yield maintenance fee we are required to pay in certain circumstances under our LNV Credit Facility, which could be substantial. The above table should be read in conjunction with the information contained in other sections of this report, including the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-Q and our 2019 Form 10-K.

Amendment of Credit Facility with LNV Corporation

Effective November 1, 2019, DLP IV entered into the LNV Credit Facility. The LNV Credit Facility makes available a total of up to $300.0 million in credit to DLP IV with a maturity date of September 27, 2029. Subject to available borrowing base capacity, additional advances are available under the LNV Credit Facility at the LIBOR rate described below. Such advances are available to pay premiums and servicing costs of pledged life insurance policies as such amounts become due. Interest will accrue on amounts borrowed under the LNV Credit Facility at an annual interest rate, determined as of each date of borrowing or quarterly if there is no borrowing, equal to (a) the greater of 9.00% or 12-month LIBOR, plus (b) 7.50% per annum. The effective rate at September 30, 2020 was 9.00%. Interest payments are made on a quarterly basis.

Under the LNV Credit Facility, DLP IV has granted the administrative agent, for the benefit of the lenders under the facility, a security interest in all of DLP IV’s assets. As with prior collateral arrangements relating to the senior secured debt of GWG Holdings and its subsidiaries (on a consolidated basis), GWG Life’s excess equity value of DLP IV after satisfying all amounts owing under our LNV Credit Facility is available as collateral for the obligations of GWG Holdings under the L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds (although the life insurance assets owned by DLP IV do not themselves serve as direct collateral for those obligations).

We are subject to various financial and non-financial covenants under the LNV Credit Facility, including, but not limited to, compliance with laws, preservation of existence, financial reporting, keeping of proper books of record and account, payment of taxes, and ensuring that neither DLP IV nor GWG Life become an investment company. As of September 30, 2020, we were in compliance with all financial and non-financial covenants.

Cash Flows

Interest and Dividend Payments

We finance our businesses through a combination of: life insurance policy benefit receipts; principal, dividends and interest receipt on investments, including Ben LP fee and loans receivable; debt and equity offerings; and our senior credit facility with LNV Corporation. We have historically relied on debt (L Bonds and our senior credit facility with LNV Corporation) and equity (preferred stock) financing for the majority of our cash expenditures (for policy acquisition, policy premiums and servicing costs, working capital and financing expenditures including paying principal and interest on existing debt, and for making investments in Beneficient) as the amount of cash flows from the realization of life insurance policy benefits and cash flows from our other investments has been insufficient to meet all of our needs. This has resulted in the Company incurring substantial indebtedness and, to a lesser extent, obligations to make dividend payments on our classes of preferred stock.

Beneficient finances its business through payments on outstanding loans receivable and fees receivable and additional investments into Beneficient by GWG Holdings and/or other parties. See Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for details on the amendments of Beneficient's credit agreements. Beneficient uses proceeds from these sources to fund loan originations and potential unfunded capital commitments, working capital, debt service payments and costs associated with potential future products. Beneficient also anticipates the need to establish sufficient regulatory capital if and when its trust charters are issued.

Our total interest expense of $40.8 million and $28.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $113.8 million and $83.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, represent the largest cash expense item in each period. Preferred stock cash dividends were $3.6 million and $4.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and $11.2 million and $12.8 million for the nine months ended

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September 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. While reducing our cost of funds and increasing our common equity base (at valuations accretive to our book value) are primary goals of the Company, until we do so we will continue to expend significant amounts of cash for interest and dividend payments and will thus continue to rely heavily on our ability to raise cash from our L Bond offering, senior credit facility with LNV Corporation and other means as they are developed and available.

Life Insurance Policy Premium Payments

The payment of premiums and servicing costs to maintain life insurance policies represents one of our most significant requirements for cash disbursement. When a policy is purchased, we are able to calculate the minimum premium payments required to maintain the policy in-force. Over time as the insured ages, premium payments will increase. Nevertheless, the probability we will be required to pay the premiums decreases as mortality becomes more likely. These scheduled premiums and associated probabilities are factored into our expected internal rate of return and cash-flow modeling. Beyond premiums, we incur policy servicing costs, including annual trustee, policy administration and tracking costs. Additionally, we incur significant financing costs, including principal, interest and dividends. Both policy servicing costs and financing costs are excluded from our internal rate of return calculations. We finance our businesses through a combination of life insurance policy benefit receipts, dividends and interest on other investments, equity offerings, debt offerings, and advances under our senior credit facility with LNV Corporation.

The amount of payments for anticipated premiums, including the requirement under our LNV Credit Facility to maintain a two month cost-of-insurance threshold within each policy cash value account, and servicing costs that we will be required to make over the next five years to maintain our current portfolio, assuming no mortalities, is set forth in the table below (in thousands):

Years Ending December 31,	Premiums		Servicing		Total
Three months ending December 31, 2020	$	13,088	$	405	$	13,493
2021	78,959		1,620		80,579
2022	91,220		1,620		92,840
2023	102,859		1,620		104,479
2024	112,033		1,620		113,653
2025	124,556		1,620		126,176
	$	522,715	$	8,505	$	531,220

Our anticipated premium expenses are subject to the risk of increased cost-of-insurance charges (i.e., “COI” or premium charges) for the life insurance policies we own. We did not receive any notices of COI rate changes in 2019. We have received notices of COI increases on six policies in the first nine months of 2020.

We have no known pending cost-of-insurance increases on any policies in our portfolio, but we are aware that cost-of-insurance increases have become more prevalent in the industry. Thus, we may see additional insurers implementing cost-of-insurance increases in the future.

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Life Insurance Policy Benefit Receipts

For the quarter-end dates set forth below, the following table illustrates the total amount of face value of policy benefits owned, and the trailing 12 months of life insurance policy benefits realized and premiums paid on our portfolio. The trailing 12-month benefits/premium coverage ratio indicates the ratio of policy benefits realized to premiums paid over the trailing 12-month period from our portfolio of life insurance policies.

Quarter End Date	Portfolio Face Amount (in Thousands)		12-Month Trailing Benefits Realized (in Thousands)		12-Month Trailing Premiums Paid (in Thousands)		12-Month Trailing Benefits/Premium Coverage Ratio
March 31, 2016	$	1,027,821	$	21,845	$	28,771	75.9	%
June 30, 2016	1,154,798		30,924		31,891		97.0	%
September 30, 2016	1,272,078		35,867		37,055		96.8	%
December 31, 2016	1,361,675		48,452		40,239		120.4	%
March 31, 2017	1,447,558		48,189		42,753		112.7	%
June 30, 2017	1,525,363		49,295		45,414		108.5	%
September 30, 2017	1,622,627		53,742		46,559		115.4	%
December 31, 2017	1,676,148		64,719		52,263		123.8	%
March 31, 2018	1,758,066		60,248		53,169		113.3	%
June 30, 2018	1,849,079		76,936		53,886		142.8	%
September 30, 2018	1,961,598		75,161		55,365		135.8	%
December 31, 2018	2,047,992		71,090		52,675		135.0	%
March 31, 2019	2,098,428		87,045		56,227		154.8	%
June 30, 2019	2,088,445		82,421		59,454		138.6	%
September 30, 2019	2,064,156		101,918		61,805		164.9	%
December 31, 2019	2,020,973		125,148		63,851		196.0	%
March 31, 2020	2,000,680		120,191		65,224		184.3	%
June 30, 2020	1,960,826		137,082		66,846		205.1	%
September 30, 2020	1,921,067		149,415		67,931		220.0	%

We believe that the portfolio cash flow results set forth above are consistent with our general investment thesis that the life insurance policy benefits we receive will continue to increase over time in relation to the premiums we are required to pay on the remaining polices in the portfolio. Nevertheless, we expect that our portfolio cash flow on a period-to-period basis will remain inconsistent as we continue to allocate substantially more capital to Beneficient.

Interest Income

We earn interest income primarily on Beneficient’s loans receivable and the promissory note receivable from the LiquidTrusts. Although Beneficient has originated a limited number of loans to date, we expect interest income to continue to increase as Beneficient expands its operations if and when the trust charters are issued.

Inflation

Changes in inflation do not necessarily correlate with changes in interest rates. We presently do not foresee any material impact of inflation on our results of operations in the periods presented in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Unfunded Capital Commitments

Beneficient had $35.3 million and $73.8 million of gross potential capital commitments as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively, representing potential limited partner capital funding commitments on the alternative asset fund collateral to its loans above any cash reserves. The decrease in gross potential capital commitments from December 31, 2019 is due to the liquidation of the underlying funds and removal of the related commitment. The trust holding the interest in the limited partnership for the alternative asset fund is required to fund these limited partner capital commitments per the terms of the limited partnership agreement. Capital funding commitment reserves are maintained by the associated trusts created at the origination of each trust for up to $0.1 million. To the extent that the associated trust cannot pay the capital funding commitment, Beneficient is obligated to lend sufficient funds to meet the commitment. Any amounts advanced by Beneficient for these limited partner capital funding commitments above the associated capital funding commitment reserves held by the associated trusts are added to the loan balance and are expected to be recouped through the cash distributions from the alternative asset fund collateral.

Capital commitments generally originate from limited partner agreements having fixed or expiring expiration dates. The total limited partner capital funding commitment amounts may not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Beneficient considers the creditworthiness on a case-by-case basis. At both September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, Beneficient had no reserves for losses on unused commitments to fund potential limited partner capital funding commitments.

Credit Risk and Interest Rate Risk

We review the credit risk associated with our portfolio of life insurance policies when estimating its fair value. In evaluating the policies’ credit risk, we consider insurance company solvency, credit risk indicators, economic conditions, ongoing credit evaluations, and company positions. We attempt to manage our credit risk related to life insurance policies typically by purchasing policies issued only from companies with an investment-grade credit rating by either Standard & Poor’s, Moody’s, or A.M. Best Company. As of September 30, 2020, 96.2% of our life insurance policies, by face value benefits, were issued by companies that maintained an investment-grade rating (BBB or better) by Standard & Poor’s.

The assets and liabilities exchanged in the Initial Transfer of the Exchange Transaction are excluded from this analysis.

Our LNV Credit Facility and Beneficient’s other borrowings are floating-rate financings. In addition, our ability to offer interest and dividend rates that attract capital (including in our continuous offering of L Bonds) is generally impacted by prevailing interest rates. Furthermore, while our L Bond offering provides us with fixed-rate debt financing, our Debt Coverage Ratio is calculated in relation to the interest rate on all of our debt financing, exclusive of our Seller Trust L Bonds. Therefore, increases in interest rates impact our business by increasing our borrowing costs and reducing availability under our debt financing arrangements. Earnings from our life insurance portfolio are based upon the spread, if any, generated between the return on the portfolio and the total cost of our financing (excluding cost of financing for the Seller Trust L Bonds). As a result, increases in interest rates will reduce the earnings we expect to achieve from our investments in life insurance policies.

Beneficient is subject to risks related to markets, credit, currency, and interest rates. Beneficient issues loans that are subject to credit risk, repayment risk and interest rate risk. Beneficient has underwriting procedures and utilizes market rates. As of September 30, 2020, all of Beneficient’s loans are collateralized by the cash flows originating from alternative assets without recourse to the client. Currently, all of these alternative assets consist of private equity limited partnership interests, which are primarily denominated in the U.S. dollar, Euro, and Canadian dollar. The underlying portfolio companies primarily operate in the United States, with the largest percentage, based on NAV, operating in healthcare technology, bio-technology, and semiconductor and equipment industries. The Company mitigates credit risk through the ExAlt PlanTM whereby excess cash flows from a collective pool of alternative assets can be utilized to repay the loans when cash flows from the client’s original alternative assets are not sufficient to repay the outstanding principal, interest, and fees.

Guarantee and Collateral Provisions of L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds

Our L Bonds are offered and sold under a registration statement declared effective by the SEC, and we have issued Seller Trust L Bonds under a Supplemental Indenture, as described in Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. The L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds are secured by substantially all the assets of GWG Holdings and a pledge of all of GWG

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Holdings’ common stock held by BCC and AltiVerse (which together represent approximately 12% of our outstanding common stock), and are guaranteed by a guarantee by GWG Life and corresponding grant of a security interest in substantially all the assets of GWG Life(1). As a guarantor, GWG Life has fully and unconditionally guaranteed the payment of principal and interest on the L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds. GWG Life’s equity in GWG Life Trust, DLP IV(2), and DLP V Holdings serves as collateral for our L Bond and Seller Trust L Bond obligations. Substantially all of our life insurance policies are held by DLP IV, DLP V, or GWG Life Trust. The policies held by DLP IV are not direct collateral for the L Bonds as such policies are pledged to the LNV Credit Facility.

(1) The Seller Trust L Bonds are senior secured obligations of GWG, ranking junior to all senior debt of GWG and pari passu in right of payment and in respect of collateral with all L Bonds of GWG (see Note 10). Payments under the Seller Trust L Bonds are guaranteed by GWG Life. The assets exchanged in connection with the Beneficent transaction are available as collateral for all holders of the L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds. Specifically, the Common Units are held by GWG Holdings and the Commercial Loan is held by GWG Life.

(2) The terms of our LNV Credit Facility require that we maintain a significant excess of pledged collateral value over the amount outstanding on the LNV Credit Facility at any given time. Any excess after satisfying all amounts owing under our LNV Credit Facility is available as collateral for the L Bonds (including the Seller Trust L Bonds).

The following represents summarized financial information as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, with respect to the financial position, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2020, with respect to results of operations. The tables present summarized financial information of GWG Holdings as issuer of the L Bonds and Seller Trust L Bonds, and GWG Life as guarantor, on a combined basis after elimination of (i) intercompany transactions and balances among such entities, including GWG Holdings' interest in GWG Life, and (ii) equity in earnings from and investments in any subsidiary that is a non-guarantor (including DLP IV, DLP V, GWG Life Trust and Beneficient). The summarized financial information has been prepared in accordance with Rule 13-01 of Regulation S-X.

Summarized Balance Sheet Information (in thousands, not intended to balance):

	September 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
Assets(1)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	91,289	$	60,365
Financing receivables from affiliates	—		67,153
Other assets	7,400		8,659
Total assets	$	98,689	$	136,177
Liabilities
L Bonds	$	1,154,519	$	926,638
Seller Trust L Bonds	366,892		366,892
Interest and dividends payable	12,145		12,491
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	15,988		3,093
Deferred tax liabilities	52,500		57,923
Total liabilities	$	1,602,044	$	1,367,037
Equity
Redeemable preferred stock and Series 2 redeemable preferred stock	$	167,113	$	201,891

______________________________________

(1) Assets exclude: i) GWG Holdings’ investment in GWG Life of $1.2 billion and $1.2 billion as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively; ii) GWG Holdings’ aggregate investments in non-obligor subsidiaries of $613.9 million and $439.4 million as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively; and iii) GWG Life’s aggregate investments in and loans to non-obligor subsidiaries of $1.1 billion and $1.2 billion as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

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Summarized Statement of Operations Information (in thousands):

	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Total revenues	$	90,249
Interest expense	$	91,073
Other expenses	29,235
Total expenses	$	120,308
Loss before income taxes and preferred dividends	$	(30,059)
Income tax expense (benefit)	(1,416)
Preferred dividends	11,235
Net loss	$	(39,878)

Debt Coverage Ratio

The L Bond borrowing covenants of GWG Holdings require it to maintain a Debt Coverage Ratio of less than 90%. The Debt Coverage Ratio is calculated by dividing the sum of our total interest-bearing indebtedness (other than Excluded Indebtedness described in note 2 to the table below) by the sum of our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, life insurance policy benefits receivable, the net present value of the life insurance portfolio, and, without duplication, the value of all of our other assets as reflected on our most recently available balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP. The discount rate we use for the net present value of our life insurance portfolio for this calculation may not be the same discount rate we use for our GAAP valuation and is not necessarily reflective of the amount we could realize upon a sale of the portfolio (dollar amounts in thousands):

	September 30, 2020			December 31, 2019
Life insurance portfolio policy benefits	$	1,921,067		$	2,020,973
Discount rate of future cash flows(1)	7.49		%	7.55		%
Net present value of life insurance portfolio policy benefits	$	817,555		$	826,196
All cash and cash equivalents (including restricted cash)	108,432			81,780
Life insurance policy benefits receivable, net	36,418			23,031
Financing receivables from affiliates(2)	177,512			258,402
Investments in Common Units(2)(3)	438,403			313,443
Investments in Preferred Series A Subclass 1 Unit Account	319,030			319,030
Investments in Preferred Series C Unit Account	161,000			—
Option Agreement and other assets(3)	22,194			54,365
Total Coverage(4)	$	2,080,544		$	1,876,247
Total Indebtedness(4)	$	1,444,454		$	1,132,714
Debt Coverage Ratio	69.43		%	60.40		%

(1)Weighted-average interest rate paid on indebtedness, excluding that of Seller Trust L-Bonds.

(2)The LiquidTrust Promissory Note, previously included in financing receivables from affiliates, was converted to Common Units on September 30, 2020.

(3)The Option Agreement was exercised and converted to Common Units effective August 11, 2020.

(4)Total Coverage excludes the assets of Beneficient. Total Indebtedness is equal to the total liabilities balance of GWG Holdings (excluding the liabilities of Beneficient) as of September 30, 2020, other than Excluded Indebtedness. Excluded Indebtedness is Indebtedness that is payable at the Company’s option in Capital Stock of the Company or securities mandatorily convertible into or exchangeable for Capital Stock of the Company, or any Indebtedness that is reasonably expected to be converted or exchanged, directly or indirectly, into Capital Stock of the Company. This change in the definition of the Debt Coverage Ratio was defined in Amendment No. 2 to the Amended and Restated Indenture entered into as of December 31, 2019 (see Note 10 to the condensed consolidated financial statements).

As of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, we were in compliance with the Debt Coverage Ratio.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance the objectives of the control system are met.

Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934) as of September 30, 2020 (the end of the period covered by this report). Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that due to the material weakness described below, our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of September 30, 2020.

Material Weakness

In connection with the preparation and review of our quarterly condensed consolidated financial statements, we and our independent registered public accounting firm identified a material weakness in internal controls over the quarterly income tax provision process, which included the measurement of the valuation allowance against the Company’s deferred tax assets.

We have begun the implementation of additional steps in our valuation allowance estimation process and are reevaluating the internal and external resources involved in the quarterly assessment of the valuation allowance. We believe these measures will enable us to quickly remediate this material weakness in internal controls over the income tax provision process, including the valuation allowance against the Company’s deferred tax assets.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

As discussed elsewhere in this report, on December 31, 2019, GWG Holdings obtained the right to appoint a majority of the board of directors of Beneficient Management, the general partner of Ben LP. As a result of this change-of-control event, GWG Holdings reported the results of Ben LP and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis beginning on the transaction date of December 31, 2019. As such, the scope of our assessment of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures did not include the internal control over financial reporting of Beneficient. These exclusions are consistent with the SEC Staff’s guidance that an assessment of a recently acquired business may be omitted from the scope of our assessment of the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures that are also part of internal control over financial reporting in the 12 months following the acquisition.

As a result of the consolidation of Beneficient, we have evaluated the processes and procedures of Beneficient’s internal control over financial reporting, and are incorporating Beneficient’s internal control over financial reporting into our internal control over financial reporting framework. In addition, as a result of the consolidation of Beneficient, we have implemented new processes and controls over accounting for goodwill and other intangible assets, primarily related to assessing these assets for impairment.

Other than the aforementioned items, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

Except as described below, there have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 27, 2020.

We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over our tax provision process which could, if not remediated, result in material misstatements in our financial statements.

Our management has identified a material weakness in our internal controls over financial reporting. A material weakness is defined as a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. In connection with the preparation of our quarterly report for the quarter ended September 30, 2020, we identified a material weakness in internal controls over the quarterly income tax provision process, which included the measurement of the valuation allowance against the Company's deferred tax assets.

We continue to evaluate, design and implement controls and procedures under a remediation plan designed to address this material weakness. If our remedial measures are insufficient to address the material weakness, or if additional material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internal control are discovered or occur in the future, our financial results could be adversely affected.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

ITEM 6.    EXHIBITS

Exhibit
10.1	Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement among Beneficient Capital Company, L.LC., HCLP Nominees L.L.C., and other persons party thereto (filed herewith)†
10.2	Second Amended and Restated Second Lien Credit Agreement among Beneficient Capital Company, L.LC., HCLP Nominees L.L.C., and other persons party thereto (filed herewith)†
22	List of Guarantor Subsidiaries (filed herewith)
31.1	Section 302 Certification of the Chief Executive Officer (filed herewith)
31.2	Section 302 Certification of the Chief Financial Officer (filed herewith)
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)
99.1	Letter from ClearLife Limited, dated October 20, 2020 (filed herewith)
99.2	Portfolio of Life Insurance Policies as of September 30, 2020 (filed herewith)
101.INS	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

† Certain information has been excluded from this exhibit because it both is not material and would likely cause competitive harm to the registrant if publicly disclosed.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	GWG HOLDINGS, INC.
Date: November 19, 2020	By:	/s/ Murray T. Holland
		President and Chief Executive Officer
Date: November 19, 2020	By:	/s/ Timothy L. Evans
		Chief Financial Officer

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