RE/MAX 10Q 2024 Q3 Quarterly report

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024.

☐	Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number: 001-36101

RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware		80-0937145
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

5075 South Syracuse Street Denver, Colorado		80237
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)

(303) 770-5531

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share	RMAX	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☒	Emerging growth company	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

On October 25, 2024, there were 18,872,052 outstanding shares of the registrant’s Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 1 outstanding share of Class B common stock, $0.0001 par value per share.

Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS


		Page No.
	PART I. – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.	Financial Statements	3

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)	4

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)	5

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)	6

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	8

	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9

Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	27

Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks	41

Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	42

	PART II. – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	42

Item 1A.	Risk Factors	43

Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	43

Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	43

Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	43

Item 5.	Other Information	43

Item 6.	Exhibits	44

	SIGNATURES	46

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PART I. – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

RE/MAX HOLDINGS, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)



	As of
	September 30,		December 31,
	2024		2023
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	83,779	$	82,623
Restricted cash		72,599		43,140
Accounts and notes receivable, current portion, net of allowances		30,598		33,427
Income taxes receivable		1,693		1,706
Other current assets		13,224		15,669
Total current assets		201,893		176,565
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation		8,295		8,633
Operating lease right of use assets		19,209		23,013
Franchise agreements, net		87,346		101,516
Other intangible assets, net		15,297		19,176
Goodwill		240,102		241,164
Other assets, net of current portion		6,507		7,083
Total assets	$	578,649	$	577,150
Liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	5,347	$	4,700
Accrued liabilities		105,132		107,434
Income taxes payable		1,274		766
Deferred revenue		22,625		23,077
Current portion of debt		4,600		4,600
Current portion of payable pursuant to tax receivable agreements		285		822
Operating lease liabilities		8,437		7,920
Total current liabilities		147,700		149,319
Debt, net of current portion		437,176		439,980
Deferred tax liabilities		11,281		10,797
Deferred revenue, net of current portion		15,482		17,607
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		25,044		31,479
Other liabilities, net of current portion		3,729		4,029
Total liabilities		640,412		653,211
Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Class A common stock, par value $.0001 per share, 180,000,000 shares authorized; 18,872,052 and 18,269,284 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		2		2
Class B common stock, par value $.0001 per share, 1,000 shares authorized; 1 share issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively		—		—
Additional paid-in capital		562,594		550,637
Accumulated deficit		(139,524)		(140,217)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (deficit), net of tax		35		638
Total stockholders' equity attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.		423,107		411,060
Non-controlling interest		(484,870)		(487,121)
Total stockholders' equity (deficit)		(61,763)		(76,061)
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficit)	$	578,649	$	577,150

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RE/MAX HOLDINGS, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)

(In thousands, except share and per share amounts)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Revenue:
Continuing franchise fees	$	30,798	$	31,834	$	92,223	$	96,011
Annual dues		7,969		8,456		24,345		25,661
Broker fees		14,915		14,255		40,159		39,468
Marketing Funds fees		20,098		20,853		60,331		63,272
Franchise sales and other revenue		4,698		5,825		18,160		24,659
Total revenue		78,478		81,223		235,218		249,071
Operating expenses:
Selling, operating and administrative expenses		35,932		43,090		116,488		132,417
Marketing Funds expenses		20,098		20,853		60,331		63,272
Depreciation and amortization		7,237		8,195		22,489		24,236
Settlement and impairment charges		—		55,000		—		55,000
Gain on reduction in tax receivable agreement liability		—		(24,917)		—		(24,917)
Total operating expenses		63,267		102,221		199,308		250,008
Operating income (loss)		15,211		(20,998)		35,910		(937)
Other expenses, net:
Interest expense		(9,249)		(9,292)		(27,696)		(26,377)
Interest income		885		1,173		2,835		3,318
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)		74		125		(568)		383
Total other expenses, net		(8,290)		(7,994)		(25,429)		(22,676)
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes		6,921		(28,992)		10,481		(23,613)
Provision for income taxes		(3,507)		(53,680)		(6,484)		(56,494)
Net income (loss)	$	3,414	$	(82,672)	$	3,997	$	(80,107)
Less: net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest		2,448		(23,218)		2,679		(21,992)
Net income (loss) attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.	$	966	$	(59,454)	$	1,318	$	(58,115)

Net income (loss) attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc. per share of Class A common stock
Basic	$	0.05	$	(3.28)	$	0.07	$	(3.22)
Diluted	$	0.05	$	(3.28)	$	0.07	$	(3.22)
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding
Basic		18,863,793		18,150,557		18,733,190		18,064,009
Diluted		19,483,798		18,150,557		19,063,279		18,064,009
Cash dividends declared per share of Class A common stock	$	—	$	0.23	$	—	$	0.69

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RE/MAX HOLDINGS, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net income (loss)	$	3,414	$	(82,672)	$	3,997	$	(80,107)
Change in cumulative translation adjustment		695		(1,015)		(1,010)		313
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax		695		(1,015)		(1,010)		313
Comprehensive income (loss)		4,109		(83,687)		2,987		(79,794)
Less: Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest		2,728		(23,601)		2,272		(21,945)
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc., net of tax	$	1,381	$	(60,086)	$	715	$	(57,849)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RE/MAX HOLDINGS, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Deficit)

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(Unaudited)


									Retained		Accumulated other
	Class A			Class B			Additional		earnings		comprehensive		Non-		Total
	common stock			common stock			paid-in		(accumulated		income (loss),		controlling		stockholders'
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		capital		deficit)		net of tax		interest		equity (deficit)
Balances, January 1, 2024	18,269,284	$	2	1	$	—	$	550,637	$	(140,217)	$	638	$	(487,121)	$	(76,061)
Net income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		(3,353)		—		(2,254)		(5,607)
Equity-based compensation expense and dividend equivalents	866,069		—	—		—		8,146		(585)		—		—		7,561
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		—		(743)		(505)		(1,248)
Shares withheld for taxes on share-based compensation	(282,495)		—	—		—		(2,498)		—		—		—		(2,498)
Balances, March 31, 2024	18,852,858	$	2	1	$	—	$	556,285	$	(144,155)	$	(105)	$	(489,880)	$	(77,853)
Net income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		3,705		—		2,485		6,190
Equity-based compensation expense and dividend equivalents	2,734		—	—		—		2,883		(2)		—		—		2,881
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		—		(275)		(182)		(457)
Shares withheld for taxes on share-based compensation	(930)		—	—		—		(7)		—		—		—		(7)
Other	—		—	—		—		119		(34)		—		5		90
Balances, June 30, 2024	18,854,662	$	2	1	$	—	$	559,280	$	(140,486)	$	(380)	$	(487,572)	$	(69,156)
Net income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		966		—		2,448		3,414
Equity-based compensation expense and dividend equivalents	22,232		—	—		—		3,357		(4)		—		—		3,353
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		—		415		280		695
Shares withheld for taxes on share-based compensation	(4,842)		—	—		—		(43)		—		—		—		(43)
Other	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(26)		(26)
Balances, September 30, 2024	18,872,052	$	2	1	$	—	$	562,594	$	(139,524)	$	35	$	(484,870)	$	(61,763)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements

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									Retained		Accumulated other
	Class A			Class B			Additional		earnings		comprehensive		Non-		Total
	common stock			common stock			paid-in		(accumulated		income (loss),		controlling		stockholders'
	Shares	Amount		Shares	Amount		capital		deficit)		net of tax		interest		equity
Balances, January 1, 2023	17,874,238	$	2	1	$	—	$	535,566	$	(53,999)	$	(395)	$	(449,472)	$	31,702
Net income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		(671)		—		(8)		(679)
Distributions to non-controlling unitholders	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(2,889)		(2,889)
Equity-based compensation expense and dividend equivalents	593,463		—	—		—		6,635		(660)		—		—		5,975
Dividends to Class A common stockholders	—		—	—		—		—		(4,164)		—		—		(4,164)
Repurchase and retirement of common shares	(160,405)							—		(3,408)		—		—		(3,408)
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		—		82		17		99
Shares withheld for taxes on share-based compensation	(185,349)		—	—		—		(3,458)		—		—		—		(3,458)
Other	—		—	—		—		—		(235)		—		—		(235)
Balances, March 31, 2023	18,121,947	$	2	1	$	—	$	538,743	$	(63,137)	$	(313)	$	(452,352)	$	22,943
Net income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		2,010		—		1,234		3,244
Distributions to non-controlling unitholders	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(2,889)		(2,889)
Equity-based compensation expense and dividend equivalents	5,682		—	—		—		3,688		(3)		—		—		3,685
Dividends to Class A common stockholders	—		—	—		—		—		(4,168)		—		—		(4,168)
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		—		816		413		1,229
Shares withheld for taxes on share-based compensation	(1,013)		—	—		—		(19)		—		—		—		(19)
Balances, June 30, 2023	18,126,616	$	2	1	$	—	$	542,412	$	(65,298)	$	503	$	(453,594)	$	24,025
Net income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		(59,454)		—		(23,218)		(82,672)
Distributions to non-controlling unitholders	—		—	—		—		—		—		—		(2,889)		(2,889)
Equity-based compensation expense and dividend equivalents	121,311		—	—		—		4,309		(327)		—		—		3,982
Dividends to Class A common stockholders	—		—	—		—		—		(4,170)		—		—		(4,170)
Change in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	—		—	—		—		—		—		(632)		(383)		(1,015)
Shares withheld for taxes on share-based compensation	(34,430)		—	—		—		(537)		—		—		—		(537)
Other	—		—	—		—		—		1		—		—		1
Balances, September 30, 2023	18,213,497	$	2	1	$	—	$	546,184	$	(129,248)	$	(129)	$	(480,084)	$	(63,275)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RE/MAX HOLDINGS, INC.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024		2023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)	$	3,997	$	(80,107)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		22,489		24,236
Equity-based compensation expense		14,443		14,050
Bad debt expense		1,039		4,903
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)		434		51,799
Fair value adjustments to contingent consideration		(300)		(379)
Settlement payment, net		—		55,000
Loss (gain) on sale or disposition of assets, net		160		386
Non-cash lease benefit		(2,110)		(2,242)
Non-cash debt charges		646		644
Payment of contingent consideration in excess of acquisition date fair value		(360)		—
Gain on reduction in tax receivable agreement liability		—		(24,917)
Other, net		53		(73)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities		2,376		(23,675)
Net cash provided by operating activities		42,867		19,625
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of property, equipment and capitalization of software		(5,821)		(4,249)
Other		698		679
Net cash used in investing activities		(5,123)		(3,570)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payments on debt		(3,450)		(3,450)
Distributions paid to non-controlling unitholders		—		(8,667)
Dividends and dividend equivalents paid to Class A common stockholders		(591)		(13,492)
Payments related to tax withholding for share-based compensation		(2,548)		(4,014)
Common shares repurchased		—		(3,408)
Payment of contingent consideration		—		(360)
Other financing		(21)		—
Net cash used in financing activities		(6,610)		(33,391)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(519)		21
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		30,615		(17,315)
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period		125,763		138,128
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	156,378	$	120,813

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RE/MAX HOLDINGS, INC.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

1. Business and Organization

RE/MAX Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”) and its consolidated subsidiaries, including RMCO, LLC (“RMCO”), are referred to hereinafter as the “Company.”

The Company is one of the world’s leading franchisors in the real estate industry, franchising real estate brokerages globally under the RE/MAX brand (“RE/MAX”) and mortgage brokerages within the United States (“U.S.”) under the Motto Mortgage brand (“Motto”). The Company also sells ancillary products and services, including loan processing services, primarily to its Motto network through the wemlo brand. The Company focuses on enabling its networks’ success by providing powerful technology, quality education, and valuable marketing to build the strength of the RE/MAX and Motto brands.

RE/MAX and Motto are 100% franchised—the Company does not own any of the brokerages that operate under these brands.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2023, which was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date, and the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are presented on a consolidated basis and include the accounts of Holdings and its consolidated subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. In the opinion of management, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the Company’s financial position as of September 30, 2024 and the results of its operations and comprehensive income (loss), cash flows and changes in its stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023. Interim results may not be indicative of full-year performance.

These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements within the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K”). Please refer to that document for a fuller discussion of all significant accounting policies.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Segment Reporting

The Company operates under the following four operating segments: Real Estate, Mortgage, Marketing Funds and Other. Due to quantitative insignificance, the “Other” operating segment is comprised of operations which do not meet the criteria of a reportable segment.

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Revenue Recognition

The Company generates most of its revenue from contracts with customers. The Company’s major streams of revenue are:

●

Continuing franchise fees, which are fixed contractual fees paid monthly by RE/MAX or Motto franchisees or RE/MAX Independent Region sub-franchisors based on the number of RE/MAX agents or Motto open offices.

●

Annual dues, which are fees charged directly to RE/MAX agents.

●

Broker fees, which are fees on real estate commissions when a RE/MAX agent assists a consumer with buying or selling a home.

●

Marketing Funds fees, which are fixed contractual fees paid monthly by franchisees based on the number of RE/MAX agents or Motto open offices, which are obligated to be used for marketing campaigns to build brand awareness and to support agent and loan originator marketing technology.

●

Franchise sales and other revenue, which consists of fees from initial sales of RE/MAX and Motto franchises, renewals of RE/MAX franchises and RE/MAX master franchise fees, as well as data services subscription revenue, preferred marketing arrangements, technology products and subscription revenue, events-related revenue from education and other programs and mortgage loan processing revenue.

Deferred Revenue and Commissions Related to Franchise Sales

Deferred revenue is primarily driven by Franchise sales and Annual dues, as discussed above, and is included in “Deferred revenue” and “Deferred revenue, net of current portion” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Other deferred revenue is primarily related to events-related revenue. The activity consists of the following (in thousands):


	Balance at				Revenue		Balance at
	January 1, 2024		New billings		recognized ^(a)		September 30, 2024
Franchise sales	$	24,613	$	3,892	$	(6,327)	$	22,178
Annual dues		13,282		23,897		(24,345)		12,834
Other		2,789		14,555		(14,249)		3,095
	$	40,684	$	42,344	$	(44,921)	$	38,107

(a)	Revenue recognized related to the beginning balance for Franchise sales and Annual dues were $6.1 million and $12.2 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Commissions paid on franchise sales are recognized as an asset and amortized over the contract life of the franchise agreement. The activity in the Company’s capitalized contract costs for commissions (which are included in “other current assets” and “other assets, net of current portion” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets) consist of the following (in thousands):


			Additions to
	Balance at		contract cost		Expense		Balance at
	January 1, 2024		for new activity		recognized		September 30, 2024
Capitalized contract costs for commissions	$	4,225	$	1,324	$	(2,034)	$	3,515

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Transaction Price Allocated to the Remaining Performance Obligations

The following table includes estimated revenue by year, excluding certain other immaterial items, expected to be recognized in the future related to performance obligations that are unsatisfied (or partially unsatisfied) at the end of the reporting period (in thousands):


	Remainder of 2024		2025		2026		2027		2028		2029		Thereafter		Total
Franchise sales	$	1,739	$	6,342	$	5,098	$	3,780	$	2,393	$	1,066	$	1,760	$	22,178
Annual dues		6,033		6,801		—		—		—		—		—		12,834
Total	$	7,772	$	13,143	$	5,098	$	3,780	$	2,393	$	1,066	$	1,760	$	35,012

Disaggregated Revenue

In the following table, segment revenue is disaggregated by Company-Owned or Independent Regions, where applicable, by segment and by geographical area (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
U.S. Company-Owned Regions	$	34,378	$	35,504	$	100,094	$	105,440
U.S. Independent Regions		1,549		1,668		4,591		4,896
Canada Company-Owned Regions		10,717		10,607		31,223		30,946
Canada Independent Regions		707		721		2,094		2,168
Global		3,659		3,251		10,636		9,653
Fee revenue ^(a)		51,010		51,751		148,638		153,103
Franchise sales and other revenue ^(b)		3,629		4,812		15,198		21,649
Total Real Estate		54,639		56,563		163,836		174,752
U.S.		14,889		15,638		45,219		48,043
Canada		4,932		4,956		14,352		14,440
Global		277		259		760		789
Total Marketing Funds		20,098		20,853		60,331		63,272
Mortgage ^(c)		3,741		3,640		11,051		10,444
Other ^(c)		—		167		—		603
Total	$	78,478	$	81,223	$	235,218	$	249,071

(a)	Fee revenue includes Continuing franchise fees, Annual dues and Broker fees.

(b)

Franchise sales and other revenue is mostly derived within the U.S. The decline in other revenue is primarily attributable to a reduction in revenue from the Company’s annual RE/MAX agent convention as a result of lower attendance due the 50^th anniversary celebration in the prior year and from revenue from previous acquisitions.

(c)	Revenue from Mortgage and Other are derived exclusively within the U.S.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The following table reconciles the amounts presented for cash, both unrestricted and restricted, in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets to the amounts presented in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Cash and cash equivalents	$	83,779	$	82,623
Restricted cash:
Marketing Funds ^(a)		17,599		15,640
Settlement Fund ^(b)		55,000		27,500
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	156,378	$	125,763

(a)	All cash held by the Marketing Funds is contractually restricted, pursuant to the applicable franchise agreements.

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(b)	Represents the net amounts held in the Settlement Fund as part of the settlement of industry class-action lawsuits. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.

Services Provided to the Marketing Funds by Real Estate

Real Estate charges the Marketing Funds for various services it performs. These services are primarily comprised of (a) building and maintaining the remax.com and remax.ca websites and mobile apps, (b) dedicated employees focused on consumer facing marketing initiatives, and (c) various administrative services including customer support of technology, accounting and legal.

Costs charged from Real Estate to the Marketing Funds are as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Technology − operating	$	1,066	$	1,169	$	3,166	$	3,507
Technology − capital^(a)		—		—		—		(203)
Marketing staff and administrative services		1,507		1,441		4,504		4,416
Total	$	2,573	$	2,610	$	7,670	$	7,720

(a)	During the first quarter of 2023, the Company determined that certain development projects were no longer needed and therefore $0.2 million, reflecting the cost of work in process assets that would no longer be placed in service, was refunded to the Marketing Funds.

Accounts and Notes Receivable

As of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023, the Company had allowances against accounts and notes receivable of $11.1 million and $10.9 million, respectively.

Property and Equipment

As of September 30, 2024, and December 31, 2023 the Company had accumulated depreciation of $15.2 million and $13.1 million, respectively.

Leases

The Company leases corporate offices, a distribution center, billboards and certain equipment. As all franchisees are independently owned and operated, there are no leases recognized for any offices used by the Company’s franchisees. All of the Company’s material leases are classified as operating leases. The Company acts as the lessor for sublease agreements on its corporate headquarters, consisting solely of operating leases.

Restructuring and Reduction in Force Charges

During the third quarter of 2023, the Company announced a reduction in force and reorganization (the “Reorganization”) intended to streamline the Company’s operations and yield cost savings over the long term. The Reorganization reduced the Company’s overall workforce by approximately 7% and was substantially complete by September 30, 2023. As a result of the Reorganization, the Company incurred a pre-tax cash charge recorded in “Selling, operating and administrative expenses” within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for one-time termination benefits of severance and related costs of $4.3 million and accelerated equity compensation expense of $0.5 million in the third quarter of 2023. See Note 6, Accrued Liabilities for a roll forward of the liability related to the Reorganization as of September 30, 2024.

Severance and Retirement Plan

On May 24, 2023, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved a Severance and Retirement Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan replaces the Severance Pay Benefit Plan adopted by the Company on December 4, 2018. The Plan provides benefits to eligible employees and executive officers of RE/MAX, LLC and its subsidiaries, in the event of (i) involuntary termination of their employment due to position elimination, reduction in force, or other circumstances that the

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employer determines should result in payment of benefits, or (ii) voluntary termination of employment due to retirement for employees who meet the retirement eligibility criteria in the Plan, subject in both cases to certain restrictions set forth in the Plan. In the case of involuntary termination, these benefits include salary continuation, a health benefits stipend, outplacement services and a possible pro-rated bonus. In the case of retirement, these benefits include modification of vesting of restricted stock awards (for employees who are eligible for restricted stock awards) and a possible pro-rated bonus. Any associated equity compensation expense will be accelerated through the employee's retirement eligibility date.

Foreign Currency Derivatives

The Company is exposed to foreign currency transaction gains and losses related to certain foreign currency denominated asset and liability positions, with the Canadian dollar representing the most significant exposure primarily from an intercompany Canadian loan between RMCO and the Canadian entity for RE/MAX INTEGRA (“INTEGRA”). The Company uses short duration foreign currency forward contracts, generally with maturities ranging from a few days to a few months, to minimize its exposures related to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. None of these contracts are designated as accounting hedges as the underlying currency positions are revalued through “Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)” on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) along with the related derivative contracts. During the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Company recognized a net realized loss of $0.6 million and a net realized gain of $0.7, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, and 2023 the Company recognized a net realized gain of $1.2 million and a net realized loss of $0.4 million, respectively.

The Company has a short-term $44.0 million Canadian dollar forward contract that matures in the fourth quarter of 2024 that net settles in U.S. dollars based on the prevailing spot rates at maturity.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

None.

New Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB “) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) – Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires greater disaggregation of income tax disclosures related to the income tax reconciliation and income taxes paid. The amendments improve the transparency of income tax disclosures by requiring (1) consistent categories and greater disaggregation of information in the rate reconciliation and (2) income taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The Company believes the amendments of ASU 2023-09 will not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and will include all required disclosures upon adoption.

In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which requires disclosure of incremental segment information on an annual and interim basis, primarily disclosure of significant segment expense categories and amounts for each reportable segment. The new standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company will adopt ASU 2023-07 in the annual financial statements for the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, and for interim periods beginning in 2025. The Company believes the amendments of ASU 2023-07 will not have a significant impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and will include all required disclosures upon adoption.

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3. Non-controlling Interest

Holdings is the sole managing member of RMCO and operates and controls all of the business affairs of RMCO. The ownership of the common units in RMCO is summarized as follows:


	September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023
	Shares	Ownership %		Shares	Ownership %
Non-controlling interest ownership of common units in RMCO	12,559,600	40.0	%	12,559,600	40.7	%
Holdings outstanding Class A common stock (equal to Holdings common units in RMCO)	18,872,052	60.0	%	18,269,284	59.3	%
Total common units in RMCO	31,431,652	100.0	%	30,828,884	100.0	%

The weighted average ownership (“WAO”) percentages for the applicable reporting periods are used to calculate the “Net income (loss) attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.” A reconciliation of “Income (loss) before provision for income taxes” to “Net income (loss) attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.” and “Net Income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interest” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for the periods indicated is detailed as follows (in thousands, except percentages):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2024									2023
	Holdings			NCI			Total			Holdings			NCI			Total
WAO percentage of RMCO ^(a)		60.0	%		40.0	%		100.0	%		59.1	%		40.9	%		100.0	%
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes ^(a)	$	3,552		$	3,369		$	6,921		$	(6,866)		$	(22,126)		$	(28,992)
(Provision) / benefit for income taxes ^(b)		(2,586)			(921)			(3,507)			(52,588)			(1,092)			(53,680)
Net income (loss)	$	966		$	2,448		$	3,414		$	(59,454)		$	(23,218)		$	(82,672)

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2024									2023
	Holdings			NCI			Total			Holdings			NCI			Total
WAO percentage of RMCO ^(a)		59.9	%		40.1	%		100.0	%		59.0	%		41.0	%		100.0	%
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes ^(a)	$	6,284		$	4,197		$	10,481		$	(3,694)		$	(19,919)		$	(23,613)
(Provision) / benefit for income taxes ^(b)		(4,966)			(1,518)			(6,484)			(54,421)			(2,073)			(56,494)
Net income (loss)	$	1,318		$	2,679		$	3,997		$	(58,115)		$	(21,992)		$	(80,107)

(a)	The WAO percentage of RMCO differs from the percentage allocation of income (loss) before provision for income taxes between Holdings and the non-controlling interest due to certain items recorded at Holdings.

(b)

The provision for income taxes attributable to Holdings is primarily comprised of U.S. federal and state income taxes on its proportionate share of the flow-through income from RMCO. It also includes Holdings’ share of taxes directly incurred by RMCO and its subsidiaries, including taxes in certain foreign jurisdictions.

Distributions and Other Payments to Non-controlling Unitholders

Under the terms of RMCO’s limited liability company operating agreement, RMCO makes cash distributions to non-controlling unitholders on a pro-rata basis. The distributions paid or payable to non-controlling unitholders are summarized as follows (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024		2023
Tax distributions	$	—	$	—
Dividend distributions ^(a)		—		8,667
Total distributions to non-controlling unitholders	$	—	$	8,667

(a)	In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company announced that its Board of Directors suspended the Company’s quarterly dividend.

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4. Earnings (Loss) Per Share, Dividends and Repurchases

Earnings (Loss) Per Share

The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share (“EPS”) calculations (in thousands, except shares and per share information):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Numerator
Net income (loss) attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.	$	966	$	(59,454)	$	1,318	$	(58,115)
Denominator for basic net income (loss) per share of Class A common stock
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding		18,863,793		18,150,557		18,733,190		18,064,009
Denominator for diluted net income (loss) per share of Class A common stock
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding		18,863,793		18,150,557		18,733,190		18,064,009
Add dilutive effect of the following:
Restricted stock		620,005		—		330,089		—
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock outstanding, diluted		19,483,798		18,150,557		19,063,279		18,064,009
Net income (loss) attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc. per share of Class A common stock
Basic	$	0.05	$	(3.28)	$	0.07	$	(3.22)
Diluted	$	0.05	$	(3.28)	$	0.07	$	(3.22)

Outstanding Class B common stock does not share in the earnings of Holdings and is therefore not a participating security. Accordingly, basic and diluted net income (loss) per share of Class B common stock has not been presented.

Dividends

Dividends declared and paid during each quarter ended per share on all outstanding shares of Class A common stock were as follows (in thousands, except per share information):


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Quarter end declared	Date paid	Per share		Class A stockholders ($)		Non-controlling unitholders ($)
March 31	March 22, 2023	$	0.23	$	4,164	$	2,889
June 30	May 31, 2023		0.23		4,168		2,889
September 30	August 29, 2023		0.23		4,169		2,889
		$	0.69	$	12,501	$	8,667

In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company’s Board of Directors suspended the Company’s quarterly dividend and therefore no dividends were paid during the first three quarters of 2024. In light of the litigation settlement and ongoing challenging housing and mortgage market conditions (as further discussed in Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies), the Company’s Board of Directors believes this action to preserve the Company’s capital is prudent.

Share Repurchases and Retirement

In January 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a common stock repurchase program of up to $100 million. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 160,405 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock were repurchased and retired for $3.4 million excluding commissions, at a weighted average cost of $21.24. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company did not repurchase any shares. As of September 30, 2024, $62.5 million remained available under the share repurchase program.

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5. Intangible Assets and Goodwill

The following table provides the components of the Company’s intangible assets (in thousands, except weighted average amortization period in years):


	Weighted
	Average	As of September 30, 2024						As of December 31, 2023
	Amortization	Initial		Accumulated		Net		Initial		Accumulated		Net
	Period	Cost		Amortization		Balance		Cost		Amortization		Balance
Franchise agreements	11.8	$	224,726	$	(137,380)	$	87,346	$	225,716	$	(124,200)	$	101,516
Other intangible assets:
Software^(a)	4.1	$	56,643	$	(44,926)	$	11,717	$	52,918	$	(39,192)	$	13,726
Trademarks	9.1		992		(745)		247		971		(649)		322
Non-compete agreements	5.0		12,962		(9,687)		3,275		13,051		(8,156)		4,895
Training materials	—		2,400		(2,400)		—		2,400		(2,400)		—
Other	7.0		870		(812)		58		870		(637)		233
Total other intangible assets	4.5	$	73,867	$	(58,570)	$	15,297	$	70,210	$	(51,034)	$	19,176

(a)	As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, capitalized software development costs of $1.1 million and $1.0 million, respectively, were related to technology projects not yet complete and ready for their intended use and thus were not subject to amortization.

Amortization expense was $6.6 million and $7.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively and was $20.7 million and $22.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

As of September 30, 2024, the estimated future amortization expense related to intangible assets includes the estimated amortization expense associated with the Company’s intangible assets assumed with the Company’s acquisitions (in thousands):


Remainder of 2024	$	6,433
2025		23,458
2026		16,773
2027		9,656
2028		8,361
Thereafter		37,962
	$	102,643

The following table presents changes to goodwill at the Real Estate reporting unit (in thousands):


	Real Estate
Balance, January 1, 2024	$	241,164
Effect of changes in foreign currency exchange rates		(1,062)
Balance, September 30, 2024	$	240,102

As of September 30, 2024, there were no events or circumstances that would indicate impairment may have occurred.

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6. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Marketing Funds ^(a)	$	29,280	$	28,753
Accrued payroll and related employee costs		13,139		14,231
Accrued taxes		1,668		2,567
Accrued professional fees		1,357		937
Settlement payable ^(b)		55,000		55,700
Other		4,688		5,246
	$	105,132	$	107,434

(a)

Consists primarily of liabilities recognized to reflect the contractual restriction that all funds collected in the Marketing Funds must be spent for designated purposes pursuant to the terms of the applicable franchise agreements. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information.

(b)	Represents the net settlement payable as part of the settlement of industry class-action lawsuits and other legal settlements. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.

The following table presents a roll forward of the severance and related costs liability as related to the Reorganization and the strategic shift and restructure of the Company’s business, which is in “Accrued payroll and related employee costs” in the table above (in thousands):



Balance, January 1, 2024	$	2,622
Severance and other related expenses		(27)
Cash payments		(2,142)
Balance, September 30, 2024 ^(a)	$	453

(a)	The remaining liability balance is related to the strategic shift and restructure of the Company’s business that occurred in the third quarter of 2023.

7. Debt

Debt, net of current portion, consists of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Senior Secured Credit Facility	$	445,050	$	448,500
Less unamortized debt issuance costs		(2,419)		(2,896)
Less unamortized debt discount costs		(855)		(1,024)
Less current portion		(4,600)		(4,600)
	$	437,176	$	439,980

As of September 30, 2024, maturities of debt are as follows (in thousands):


Remainder of 2024	$	1,150
2025		4,600
2026		4,600
2027		4,600
2028		430,100
	$	445,050

Senior Secured Credit Facility

On July 21, 2021, the Company amended and restated its Senior Secured Credit Facility to fund the acquisition of INTEGRA and refinance its existing facility. The revised facility provides for a seven-year $460.0 million term loan facility which matures on July 21, 2028, and a $50.0 million revolving loan facility which matures and must be repaid on July 21, 2026, if any amounts are drawn.

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The Senior Secured Credit Facility requires the Company to repay term loans at approximately $1.2 million per quarter. The Company is also required to repay the term loans and reduce revolving commitments with (i) 100% of proceeds of any incurrence of additional debt not permitted by the Senior Secured Credit Facility, (ii) 100% of proceeds of asset sales and 100% of amounts recovered under insurance policies, subject to certain exceptions and a reinvestment right and (iii) 50% of Excess Cash Flow (or “ECF”) as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility, at the end of the applicable fiscal year if RE/MAX, LLC’s Total Leverage Ratio (or “TLR”) as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility, is in excess of 4.25:1. If the Company’s TLR as of the last day of such fiscal year is equal to or less than 4.25:1 but above 3.75:1, the repayment percentage is 25% of ECF and if the Company’s TLR as of the last day of such fiscal year is less than 3.75:1, no repayment from ECF is required. The Company evaluated if an ECF payment was required as of December 31, 2023, pursuant to the terms of the Senior Secured Credit Facility and determined no ECF payment was required.

In addition, if any amounts are drawn under the revolving line of credit under the Senior Secured Credit Facility, the terms of the Company’s Senior Secured Credit Facility require the Company’s TLR to not exceed 4.50:1 at the last day of any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters. If the Company’s TLR exceeds 4.50:1, access to borrowings under the revolving line of credit will be restricted. A commitment fee of 0.5% per annum (subject to reductions) accrues on the amount of unutilized revolving line of credit regardless of the Company’s TLR. As of the date of this report, no amounts were drawn on the revolving line of credit.

The Company is also limited in the amount of restricted payments it can make, as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility, as it provides for customary restrictions on, among other things, additional indebtedness, restricted payments, liens, dispositions of property, dividends, transactions with affiliates and fundamental changes such as mergers, consolidations, and liquidations. The restricted payments include declaration or payment of dividends, repurchase of shares, or other distributions. In general, the Company can make unlimited restricted payments, if the Company’s TLR is below 3.50:1 (both before and after giving effect to such payments). So long as the Company’s TLR exceeds 3.50:1, the Company will be limited in the amount of restricted payments – primarily dividends and share repurchases – it can make up to the greater of $50 million or 50% of consolidated EBITDA on a trailing twelve-month basis (unless the Company can rely on other restricted payment baskets available under the Senior Secured Credit Facility).

The Company’s TLR is calculated based on RE/MAX, LLC’s consolidated indebtedness and consolidated EBITDA, both defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2024, RE/MAX, LLC’s consolidated EBITDA, as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility, was $102.7 million on a trailing twelve-month basis and the Company’s TLR was 3.52:1. As long as the Company’s TLR remains above 3.50:1, the Company will be limited in the amount of restricted payments it can make. In addition, access to borrowings under the revolving line of credit will not be restricted based on TLR so long as the Company’s TLR remains below 4:50:1.

With certain exceptions, any default under any of the Company’s other agreements evidencing indebtedness in the amount of $15.0 million or more would constitute an event of default under the Senior Secured Credit Facility.

Prior to July 2023, borrowings under the term loans and revolving loans accrued interest, at the Company’s option on (a) LIBOR, provided LIBOR shall be no less than 0.50% plus an applicable margin of 2.50% and, provided further that such rate shall be adjusted for reserve requirements for eurocurrency liabilities, if any (the “LIBOR Rate”) or (b) the greatest of (i) the prime rate as quoted by the Wall Street Journal, (ii) the NYFRB Rate (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility) plus 0.50% and (iii) the one-month Eurodollar Rate plus 1.00%, (such greatest rate, the “ABR”) plus, in each case, an applicable margin of 1.50%. The Senior Secured Credit Facility includes a provision for transition from LIBOR to the alternative reference rate of Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) on or before June 2023 (the LIBOR Rate cessation date) and the Company transitioned from LIBOR to Adjusted Term SOFR on July 31, 2023. Borrowings under the term loans and revolving loans accrue interest based on Adjusted Term SOFR, subject to the same floor of 0.50%, plus the same applicable margin of 2.50%. As of September 30, 2024, the interest rate on the term loan facility was 7.5%.

8. Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering assumptions, the Company follows a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which is described in detail in the 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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A summary of the Company’s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis is as follows (in thousands):


	As of September 30, 2024								As of December 31, 2023
	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Liabilities
Motto contingent consideration	$	2,100	$	—	$	—	$	2,100	$	2,170	$	—	$	—	$	2,170
Gadberry Group contingent consideration		—		—		—		—		590		—		—		590
Contingent consideration ^(a)	$	2,100	$	—	$	—	$	2,100	$	2,760	$	—	$	—	$	2,760

(a)	Recorded as a component of “Accrued liabilities” and “Other liabilities, net of current portion” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company is required to pay additional purchase consideration totaling 8% of gross receipts collected by Motto each year (the “Revenue Share Year”) through September 30, 2026, with no limitation as to the maximum payout. The annual payment is required to be made within 120 days of the end of each Revenue Share Year. The fair value of the contingent purchase consideration represents the forecasted discounted cash payments that the Company expects to pay. Increases or decreases in the fair value of the contingent purchase consideration can result from changes in discount rates as well as the timing and amount of forecasted revenues. The forecasted revenue growth assumption that is most sensitive is the assumed franchise sales count for which the forecast assumes between 20-90 franchises sold annually. This assumption is based on historical sales and an assumption of growth over time. A 10% reduction in the number of franchise sales and a 1% change to the discount rate applied to the forecast would not change the liability materially. As of September 30, 2024, the Company does not anticipate making any further cash payments for contingent consideration associated with the acquisition of Gadberry Group. The Company measures these liabilities each reporting period and recognizes changes in fair value, if any, in “Selling, operating and administrative expenses” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss).

The table below presents a reconciliation of the contingent consideration (in thousands):


	Total
Balance at January 1, 2024	$	2,760
Fair value adjustments		(300)
Cash payments		(360)
Balance at September 30, 2024	$	2,100

The following table summarizes the carrying value and estimated fair value of the Senior Secured Credit Facility (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value Level 2		Carrying Amount		Fair Value Level 2
Senior Secured Credit Facility	$	441,776	$	423,910	$	444,580	$	421,590

9. Income Taxes

The “Provision for income taxes” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) is based on an estimate of the Company’s annualized effective income tax rate and discrete items recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Valuation Allowance

In the tax year ending December 31, 2023, the Company evaluated the need for a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets and determined that in accordance with ASC 740 Income Taxes (“ASC 740”), the objective negative evidence of a three-year cumulative pre-tax net loss, primarily due to the settlement of the Nationwide Claims, as defined in Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies, prevented the use of the Company’s subjective positive evidence of expected future profitability in evaluating the realizability of its net deferred tax assets. As a result, a full valuation allowance was established against the Company’s deferred tax assets. As of September 30, 2024, the Company expects to remain in a three-year cumulative loss and has recorded a $1.0 million valuation allowance against its U.S. net deferred tax assets.

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Tax Receivable Agreements (“TRAs”)

As of September 30, 2024, the Company’s total liability under the TRAs for the tax year ending December 31, 2023 is $0.3 million. This liability is expected to be settled in the fourth quarter of 2024.

Uncertain Tax Positions

As of September 30, 2024, there have been no material changes to the Company’s uncertain tax positions since December 31, 2023 and a portion of the Company’s uncertain tax positions have a reasonable possibility of being settled within the next twelve months.

10. Equity-Based Compensation

Equity-based compensation expense under the Holdings 2013 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2013 Incentive Plan”) as well as the Holdings 2023 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2023 Incentive Plan” and, together with the 2013 Incentive Plan, the “Incentive Plans”), is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Expense from time-based awards ^(a)	$	2,653	$	3,269	$	8,603	$	8,616
Expense from performance-based awards^(a)(b)		706		1,040		2,182		2,601
Expense from bonus to be settled in shares^(c)		1,259		582		3,658		2,833
Equity-based compensation expense	$	4,618	$	4,891	$	14,443	$	14,050

(a)

Includes $1.0 million of expense recognized for time-based awards and $0.6 million of expense recognized for performance-based awards, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, for inducement awards granted to the Company's CEO, Erik Carlson, in the fourth quarter of 2023. These equity awards were made pursuant to the inducement award exception under the New York Stock Exchange Rule 303A.08 and were not granted from the 2023 Incentive Plan. All of the restricted stock units remain outstanding as of September 30, 2024.

(b)	Expense recognized for performance-based awards is re-assessed each quarter based on expectations of achievement against the performance conditions.

(c)	A portion of the annual corporate bonus earned is to be settled in shares. These amounts are recognized as “Accrued liabilities” in the accompanying Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and are not included in “Additional paid-in capital” until the shares are issued.

Time-based Restricted Stock

The following table summarizes equity-based compensation activity related to time-based restricted stock units and restricted stock awards:


	Shares	Weighted average grant date fair value per share
Balance, January 1, 2024	1,066,594	$	18.70
Granted	1,409,452	$	8.64
Shares vested (including tax withholding) ^(a)	(457,371)	$	23.42
Forfeited	(105,010)	$	14.25
Balance, September 30, 2024	1,913,665	$	10.41

(a)	Pursuant to the terms of the Incentive Plans, shares withheld by the Company for the payment of the employee's tax withholding related to shares vesting are added back to the pool of shares available for future awards.

As of September 30, 2024, there was $11.7 million of total unrecognized expense. This compensation expense is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average remaining vesting period of 1.7 years.

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Performance-based Restricted Stock

The following table summarizes equity-based compensation activity related to performance-based restricted stock units:


	Shares	Weighted average grant date fair value per share
Balance, January 1, 2024	783,231	$	7.87
Granted ^(a)	473,590	$	8.81
Forfeited	(101,867)	$	19.08
Balance, September 30, 2024	1,154,954	$	7.27

(a)	Represents the total participant target award.

As of September 30, 2024, there was $3.3 million of total unrecognized expense. This compensation expense is expected to be recognized over the weighted-average remaining vesting period of 1.5 years.

11. Commitments and Contingencies

A number of putative class action complaints were filed against the National Association of Realtors (“NAR”), Anywhere Real Estate, Inc. (formerly Realogy Holdings Corp.), HomeServices of America, Inc. (“HSA”), RE/MAX, LLC and Keller Williams Realty, Inc (“Keller Williams”). The first was filed on March 6, 2019, by plaintiff Christopher Moehrl in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois (the “Moehrl Action”). Similar actions have been filed in various federal courts. The complaints make substantially similar allegations and seek substantially similar relief. For convenience, all of these lawsuits are collectively referred to as the “Moehrl-related antitrust litigations.” In the Moehrl Action, the plaintiffs allege that a NAR rule that requires brokers to make a blanket, non-negotiable offer of buyer broker compensation when listing a property, results in increased costs to sellers and is in violation of federal antitrust law. They further allege that certain defendants use their agreements with franchisees to require adherence to the NAR rule in violation of federal antitrust law. Amended complaints added allegations regarding buyer steering and non-disclosure of buyer-broker compensation to the buyer. While similar to the Moehrl Action, the Moehrl-related antitrust litigations also allege state antitrust violations and claims against a multiple listing service (“MLS”) defendant rather than NAR.

In the Moehrl Action, plaintiffs sought certification of two classes of home sellers: (1) a class seeking an award of alleged damages incurred by home sellers who paid a commission between March 6, 2015 and December 31, 2020, to a brokerage affiliated with a corporate defendant in connection with the sale of residential real estate listed on any of the 20 covered MLSs in various parts of the country; and (2) a class of current or future owners of residential real estate, who are presently listing or will in the future list a home for sale on any of the 20 covered MLSs, seeking to prohibit defendants from maintaining and enforcing the NAR rules at issue in the complaint. On March 29, 2023, the court in the Moehrl Action granted plaintiffs’ motion for class certification as to both classes. On April 12, 2023, RE/MAX, LLC petitioned the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit for permission to appeal the Court’s class certification decision. On May 24, 2023, the Seventh Circuit denied the petition.

In one of the Moehrl-related antitrust litigations, filed by plaintiffs Scott and Rhonda Burnett and others in the Western District of Missouri (the “Burnett Action”), the court on April 22, 2022 granted plaintiffs’ motion for class certification and a trial was set for October 2023.

On September 15, 2023, RE/MAX, LLC entered into a Settlement Term Sheet (the “Settlement”) with plaintiffs in the Burnett Action and Moehrl Action. The proposed Settlement would resolve all claims set forth in the Burnett Action and Moehrl Action, as well as all similar claims on a nationwide basis against RE/MAX, LLC (collectively, the “Nationwide Claims”) and would release RE/MAX, LLC and the Company, their subsidiaries and affiliates, and RE/MAX sub-franchisors, franchisees and their sales associates in the United States from the Nationwide Claims. By the terms of the Settlement, RE/MAX, LLC agreed to make certain changes to its business practices and to pay a total settlement amount of $55.0 million (the “Settlement Amount”) into a qualified settlement escrow fund (the “Settlement Fund”). The Settlement Amount was deposited into the Settlement Fund in three installments per the Settlement Agreement (as defined below), of which 25% (or $13.8 million) was deposited during the third quarter of 2023, 25% (or $13.8 million) was deposited during the fourth quarter of 2023, and the final 50% (or $27.5 million) was deposited during the second quarter of 2024. The Company used available cash to pay the Settlement Amount. In 2023, the Company recorded the Settlement Amount to “Settlement and impairment charges” within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) with a corresponding liability recorded to “Accrued liabilities” within the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. Until the

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conclusion of the appeals process, the Settlement Amount that was paid into the Settlement Fund is included in “Restricted cash” within the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets.

The Settlement Agreement and any actions taken to carry out the Settlement Agreement are not an admission or concession of liability, or of the validity of any claim, defense, or point of fact or law on the part of any party. RE/MAX, LLC continues to deny the material allegations of the complaints in the Burnett Action, the Moehrl Action, the Moehrl-related antitrust litigations, and the Copycat Cases (as defined below). RE/MAX, LLC entered into the Settlement after considering the risks and costs of continuing the litigation. On September 19, 2023, the Burnett court stayed deadlines as to RE/MAX, LLC. On October 5, 2023, RE/MAX, LLC entered into a definitive settlement agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) containing substantially the same material terms and conditions as provided in the Settlement On November 20, 2023, the court granted preliminary approval of the Settlement Agreement and on May 9, 2024, the court granted final approval. Appeals were subsequently filed, including by one of the Batton plaintiffs. The Settlement Agreement will become effective if the order approving the Settlement Agreement is affirmed at the conclusion of the appeals process.

On October 31, 2023, after a two-week trial, the jury in the Burnett Action found an unlawful conspiracy existed and awarded approximately $1.8 billion against the three remaining defendants NAR, Keller Williams and HSA. Due to the Settlement Agreement, the Company did not present a defense or participate in the trial. Following the trial, on February 1, 2024, Keller Williams entered into a settlement agreement with plaintiffs agreeing to make certain changes to its business practices and to pay a total settlement amount of $70.0 million. On March 15, 2024, NAR and plaintiffs reached a settlement agreement. As part of that settlement, NAR agreed to pay $418 million and make certain changes to its business practices, including prohibiting offers of compensation to buyer brokers on the MLS and requiring buyer agreements for MLS participants working with a buyer. The court granted preliminary approval of the NAR settlement on April 23, 2024. On April 25, 2024, HSA entered into a settlement agreement with the plaintiffs in which they agreed to certain changes to its business practices and to pay $250.0 million.

In one of the other Moehrl-related antitrust litigations, filed by Jennifer Nosalek and others in the District of Massachusetts (the “Nosalek Action”), on June 30, 2023, plaintiffs filed a motion requesting preliminary approval of a settlement with MLS Property Information Network, Inc. (“MLS PIN”). The parties subsequently amended the settlement agreement on September 5, 2023, and January 5, 2024. If approved by the court, the settlement agreement requires MLS PIN to pay $3.0 million, to eliminate the requirement that a seller must offer compensation to a buyer-broker and to amend various rules pertaining to seller notices and negotiation of buyer-broker compensation. On February 15, 2024, the U.S. Department of Justice filed a statement of interest requesting that the court deny preliminary approval of the second amended settlement agreement and recommending that the settling parties propose an injunction that prohibits offers of buyer-broker compensation by MLS PIN participants. On June 24, 2024, the court stayed the case pending a ruling by the Burnett court on the proposed NAR settlement and ordered plaintiffs to file a supplemental preliminary approval of settlement within 30 days of the Burnett court ruling. No other defendants are part of the MLS PIN settlement. The terms of the Company’s Settlement Agreement extended to plaintiffs in the Nosalek Action. On October 24, 2023, plaintiffs filed a joint notice of pending settlement and a motion to stay the Nosalek case as to RE/MAX, LLC and RE/MAX Integrated Regions, LLC for 30 days, which was granted on October 30, 2023. Plaintiffs subsequently filed a joint motion to continue the stay.

On April 9, 2021, a putative class action claim (the “Sunderland Action”) was filed in the Federal Court of Canada against the Toronto Regional Real Estate Board (“TRREB”), The Canadian Real Estate Association (“CREA”), RE/MAX Ontario-Atlantic Canada Inc. (“RE/MAX OA”), which was acquired by the Company in July 2021, Century 21 Canada Limited Partnership, Royal Lepage Real Estate Services Ltd., and many other real estate companies (collectively, the “Defendants”), by the putative representative plaintiff, Mark Sunderland (the “Plaintiff”). The Plaintiff alleges that the Defendants conspired, agreed or arranged with each other and acted in furtherance of their conspiracy to fix, maintain, increase, control, raise, or stabilize the rate of real estate buyers’ brokerages’ and salespersons’ commissions in respect of the purchase and sale of properties listed on TRREB’s multiple listing service system (the “Toronto MLS”) in violation of the Canadian Competition Act. On February 24, 2022, Plaintiff filed a Fresh as Amended Statement of Claim. With respect to RE/MAX OA, the amended claim alleges franchisor defendants aided and abetted their respective franchisee brokerages and their salespeople in violation of Section 45(1) of the Canadian Competition Act. Among other requested relief, the Plaintiff seeks damages against the defendants and injunctive relief. On September 25, 2023, the Court dismissed the claims against RE/MAX OA, and on October 25, 2023, the Plaintiff appealed the decision and RE/MAX OA has cross appealed. A copycat lawsuit to the Sunderland Action was filed by plaintiff Kevin McFall (the “McFall Action”) on January 18, 2024. The complaint makes substantially similar allegations and seeks substantially similar relief as the Sunderland Action, but alleges a national class. The McFall Action names over 70 defendants, including RE/MAX, LLC. Certain defendants in the McFall Action obtained the court’s permission to file materials to join the Sunderland appeal. The McFall Action and the Sunderland Action are collectively referred to as the “Canadian antitrust litigations.”

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On January 25, 2021, a similar action to the Moehrl-related antitrust litigations was filed in the Northern District of Illinois (the “Batton Action) alleging violations of federal antitrust law and unjust enrichment. The complaint makes substantially similar allegations and seeks similar relief as the Moehrl-related antitrust litigations but alleges harm to homebuyers rather than sellers. The Company’s motion to dismiss was granted on May 2, 2022, and the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint adding state antitrust and consumer protection claims. On February 20, 2024, the court dismissed plaintiffs’ claim seeking injunctive relief for violations of the Sherman Act and dismissed certain state law claims in Tennessee and Kansas. The court denied the remainder of the Company’s motion to dismiss. On April 15, 2024, the Company filed its answer and motion to dismiss.

The Company intends to vigorously defend against all remaining claims, including appeals. If final approval of the Settlement Agreement is not upheld on appeal, the Company may become involved in additional litigation or other legal proceedings concerning the same or similar claims. As a result, the Company is unable to reasonably estimate the financial impact of the litigation beyond what has been accrued for pursuant to the terms of the Settlement Agreement and the Company cannot predict, beyond the Settlement Amount, whether resolution of these matters would have a material effect on its financial position or results of operations. The Moehrl-related antitrust litigations, the Batton Action, and the Canadian antitrust litigations consist of:

Christopher Moehrl et al. v. The National Association of Realtors, Realogy Holdings Corp., HomeServices of America, Inc., BHH Affiliates, LLC, HSF Affiliates, LLC, The Long & Foster Companies, Inc. RE/MAX, LLC, and Keller Williams Realty, Inc., filed on March 6, 2019 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.

Scott and Rhonda Burnett et al. v. The National Association of Realtors, Realogy Holdings Corp., HomeServices of America, Inc., BHH Affiliates, LLC, HSF Affiliates, LLC, RE/MAX, LLC, and Keller Williams Realty, Inc., filed on April 29, 2019 in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Missouri.

Jennifer Nosalek et al. v. MLS Property Information Network, Inc., Anywhere Real Estate Inc. (f/k/a Realogy Holdings Corp.), Century 21 Real Estate LLC, Coldwell Banker Real Estate LLC, Sotheby’s International Realty Affiliates LLC, Better Homes and Gardens Real Estate LLC, ERA Franchise System LLC, HomeServices of America, Inc., BHH Affiliates, LLC, HSF Affiliates, LLC, RE/MAX, LLC, Polzler & Schneider Holdings Corp., Integra Enterprises Corp., RE/MAX of New England, Inc., RE/MAX Integrated Regions, LLC, and Keller Williams Realty, Inc., filed on December 17, 2020 in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts.

Mya Batton et al. v. The National Association of Realtors, Realogy Holdings Corp., HomeServices of America, Inc., BHH Affiliates, LLC, HSF Affiliates, LLC, The Long & Foster Companies, Inc., RE/MAX, LLC, and Keller Williams Realty, Inc., filed on January 25, 2021 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Illinois.

Mark Sunderland v. Toronto Regional Real Estate Board (TRREB), The Canadian Real Estate Association (CREA), RE/MAX Ontario-Atlantic Canada Inc. o/a RE/MAX INTEGRA, Century 21 Canada Limited Partnership, Residential Income Fund, L.P., Royal Lepage Real Estate Services Ltd., Homelife Realty Services Inc., Right At Home Realty Inc., Forest Hill Real Estate Inc., Harvey Kalles Real Estate Ltd., Max Wright Real Estate Corporation, Chestnut Park Real Estate Limited, Sutton Group Realty Services Ltd. and IPRO Realty Ltd., filed on April 9, 2021 in the Federal Court of Canada.

Kevin McFall v. Canadian Real Estate Association, et. al., filed on January 18, 2024 in the Federal Court of Canada.

Copycat lawsuits to the Moehrl-related antitrust litigations were filed by plaintiff Monty March in the Southern District of New York (the “March Action”), plaintiff Christina Grace in the Northern District of California (the “Grace Action”), plaintiff Willsim Latham, LLC in the Eastern District of California (the “Willsim Action”), and plaintiff Dalton Jensen in the District of Utah (the “Jensen Action”) (together, the “Copycat Cases”). The Company intends to vigorously defend against all claims, including seeking to stay the lawsuits in light of the Settlement Agreement. On December 27, 2023, a motion was filed by plaintiffs in another copycat lawsuit that did not name the Company, seeking to consolidate the copycat lawsuits in a multidistrict litigation, including the Grace Action, the March Action, and the Willsim Action, and many lawsuits that did not name the Company, in the Western District of Missouri for purposes of pretrial activities (the “MDL motion”). The MDL motion was denied based on the procedural posture of the litigation and the NAR settlement, without reaching the issue of whether centralization would be appropriate. In the Grace Action, the March Action, and the Willsim Action, the courts ordered a stay of the matters pending resolution of appeals of the Settlement Agreement. In the Jensen Action, plaintiff filed a notice of voluntary dismissal on May 23, 2024, which the court granted. The Copycat Cases that name the Company consist of:

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Monty March v. Real Estate Board of New York; Real Estate Board Of New York Listing Service; Brown Harris Stevens, LLC; Christie’s International Real Estate LLC; Coldwell Banker LLC; Compass, Inc.; Core Marketing Services LLC; The Corcoran Group, Inc.; Douglas Elliman, Inc.; Elegran Real Estate, D/B/A Elegran LLC; Engel & Volkers LLC; Fox Residential Group LLC; Halstead Real Estate LLC; Homesnap Inc.; Keller Williams Nyc, LLC; Leslie J. Garfield & Co., Inc.; Level Group Inc.; M.N.S. Real Estate Nyc, LLC; Modern Spaces LLC; The Agency LLC; The Modlin Group LLC; Nest Seekers International LLC; Oxford Property Group LLC; R New York LLC; RE/MAX, LLC; Serhant LLC; Sloane Square LLC; and Sotheby’s International Realty Affiliates LLC, filed on November 13, 2023 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York.

Christina Grace v. National Association of Realtors, RE/MAX Holdings, Inc., Anywhere Real Estate Inc., Keller Williams Realty, Inc., Compass, Inc., eXp World Holdings, Inc., Bay Area Real Estate Information Services, Inc., Marin Association of Realtors, North Bay Association of Realtors, Northern Solano County Association of Realtors, Inc., and Solano Association of Realtors, Inc., filed on December 8, 2023 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California.

Willsim Latham, LLC v. MetroList Services, Inc., Sacramento Association of Realtors, Inc., Placer County Association of Realtors, Inc., El Dorado County Association of Realtors, Lodi Association of Realtors, Yolo County Association of Realtors, Central Valley Association of Realtors, Amador County Association of Realtors, Nevada County Association of Realtors, Sutter-Yuba Association of Realtors, RE/MAX Holdings, Inc., Anywhere Real Estate Inc., Keller Williams Realty, Inc., eXp World Holdings, Inc., Norcal Gold Inc., Century 21 Select Real Estate, Inc., William L. Lyon & Associates, Inc. Paul M. Zagaris, Inc., and Guide Real Estate, Inc., filed on January 18, 2024 in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of California.

Dalton Jensen v. The National Association of Realtors, Anywhere Real Estate Inc., HomeServices of America, Inc., HSF Affiliates, LLC, BHH Affiliates, LC, RE/MAX, LLC, Keller Williams LLC, Keller Williams of Salt Lake, KW St. George Keller Williams Realty, KW Westfield, Equity Real Estate, Century 21 Everest, Realtypath, LLC, and Windemere Real Estate SVCS. Co., filed on February 9, 2024 in the U.S. District Court for the District of Utah.

On August 22, 2024, plaintiff Homie Technology, Inc. (“Homie”) filed suit against the National Association of Realtors, Anywhere Real Estate, Inc., Keller Williams Realty, Inc., HomeServices of America, Inc., HSF Affiliates, LLC, RE/MAX, LLC, and Wasatch Front Regional Multiple Listing Service, Inc. in the United States District Court for the District of Utah. The lawsuit alleges certain NAR rules, many of which are at issue in the Moehrl-related antitrust litigations, created a barrier to entry for Homie as a competitor, and that other defendants agreed and/or conspired to implement these rules and engaged in conduct that foreclosed Homie from competing. The complaint alleges federal and state antitrust claims and tortious interference. Plaintiff seeks injunctive relief and an unspecified amount of damages. RE/MAX, LLC intends to vigorously defend against all claims.

Homie Technology, Inc. v. National Association of Realtors, Anywhere Real Estate, Inc., Keller Williams Realty, Inc., HomeServices of America, Inc. HSF Affiliates, LLC, RE/MAX, LLC, and Wasatch Front Regional Multiple Listing Service, Inc., Case No. 24-cv-00616, pending in the United States District Court for the District of Utah, Central Division.

12. Segment Information

The Company operates under the following four operating segments: Real Estate, Mortgage, Marketing Funds and Other. Mortgage does not meet the quantitative significance test; however, management has chosen to report results for the segment as it believes it will be a key driver of future success for Holdings. Management evaluates the operating results of its segments based upon revenue and adjusted earnings before interest, the provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization and other non-cash and non-recurring cash charges or other items (“Adjusted EBITDA”). The Company’s presentation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similar measures used by other companies. Except for the adjustments identified below in arriving at Adjusted EBITDA, the accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in the Company’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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The following table presents revenue from external customers by segment (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Continuing franchise fees	$	28,126	$	29,040	$	84,134	$	87,974
Annual dues		7,969		8,456		24,345		25,661
Broker fees		14,915		14,255		40,159		39,468
Franchise sales and other revenue		3,629		4,812		15,198		21,649
Total Real Estate		54,639		56,563		163,836		174,752
Continuing franchise fees		2,672		2,794		8,089		8,037
Franchise sales and other revenue		1,069		846		2,962		2,407
Total Mortgage		3,741		3,640		11,051		10,444
Marketing Funds fees		20,098		20,853		60,331		63,272
Other		—		167		—		603
Total revenue	$	78,478	$	81,223	$	235,218	$	249,071

The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA by segment to income (loss) before provision for income taxes (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Adjusted EBITDA: Real Estate	$	28,444	$	28,400	$	78,418	$	79,813
Adjusted EBITDA: Mortgage		(1,120)		(1,486)		(3,962)		(5,540)
Adjusted EBITDA: Other		(34)		(166)		(97)		(961)
Adjusted EBITDA: Consolidated		27,290		26,748		74,359		73,312
Settlement charge ^(a)		—		(55,000)		—		(55,000)
Equity-based compensation expense		(4,618)		(4,891)		(14,443)		(14,050)
Acquisition-related expense ^(b)		—		(59)		—		(160)
Fair value adjustments to contingent consideration ^(c)		437		280		300		379
Restructuring charges ^(d)		18		(4,278)		59		(4,245)
Gain on reduction in tax receivable agreement liability^(e)		—		24,917		—		24,917
Other ^(f)		(605)		(395)		(2,444)		(1,471)
Interest income		885		1,173		2,835		3,318
Interest expense		(9,249)		(9,292)		(27,696)		(26,377)
Depreciation and amortization		(7,237)		(8,195)		(22,489)		(24,236)
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes	$	6,921	$	(28,992)	$	10,481	$	(23,613)

(a)	Represents the settlement of the Nationwide Claims. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.

(b)	Acquisition-related expense includes personnel, legal, accounting, advisory and consulting fees incurred in connection with the acquisition activities and integration of acquired companies.

(c)	Fair value adjustments to contingent consideration include amounts recognized for changes in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities. See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements for additional information.

(d)	During the third quarter of 2023, the Company announced a reduction in force and reorganization intended to streamline the Company’s operations and yield cost savings over the long term. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information.

(e)	Gain on reduction in tax receivable agreement liability is a result of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets recorded during the third quarter of 2023. See Note 9, Income Taxes for additional information.

(f)	Other is primarily made up of employee retention related expenses from the Company's CEO transition.

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The following table presents total assets of the Company’s segments (in thousands):


	September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023
Real Estate ^(a)	$	503,825	$	473,659
Marketing Funds ^(a)		31,644		69,710
Mortgage		43,164		33,722
Other		16		59
Total assets	$	578,649	$	577,150

(a)	Change in assets primarily due to settlement of intercompany balances between segments.

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Item 2.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) and accompanying notes included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 (“2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K”).

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “believe,” “intend,” “expect,” “estimate,” “plan,” “outlook,” “project,” “anticipate,” “may,” “will,” “would” and other similar words and expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends that are not statements of historical matters. Forward-looking statements include statements related to: agent count; franchise sales; Motto open offices; our business model; cost structure; balance sheet; revenue; operating expenses; financial outlook; return of capital, including dividends and our share repurchase program; non-GAAP financial measures; assets and liabilities held for sale; uncertain tax positions; fee waivers; housing and mortgage market conditions and trends; economic and demographic trends; competition; the anticipated benefits of our strategic initiatives; our anticipated sources and uses of liquidity including for potential acquisitions; capital expenditures; future litigation expenses, including antitrust litigations; our credit agreement including total leverage ratio and any future excess cash flow payments; our strategic and operating plans and business models including our efforts to accelerate the growth of our businesses; the long-term benefits of our strategic growth opportunities including mitigation of economic downturns; and strategic investments in the Mortgage business.

Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and will not necessarily accurately indicate the times at which such performance or results may be achieved. Forward-looking statements are based on information available at the time those statements are made and/or management’s good faith belief as of that time with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in or suggested by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, those identified herein, and those discussed in the section titled “Risk Factors,” set forth in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in Part I, Item 1A of our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we do not intend, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

The results of operations discussed in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” are those of RE/MAX Holdings, Inc. (“Holdings”) and its consolidated subsidiaries, including RMCO, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries (“RMCO”), collectively, the “Company,” “we,” “our” or “us.”

Business Overview

We are one of the world’s leading franchisors in the real estate industry. We franchise real estate brokerages globally under the RE/MAX brand (“RE/MAX”) and mortgage brokerages in the U.S. under the Motto Mortgage brand (“Motto”). We also sell ancillary products and services to our franchise networks, including loan processing services, primarily to our Motto network through our wemlo brand. RE/MAX and Motto are 100% franchised—we do not own any of the brokerages that operate under these brands. We focus on enabling our networks’ success by providing powerful technology, quality education, and valuable marketing to build the strength of the RE/MAX and Motto brands. We support our franchisees in growing their brokerages, although they fund the associated cost of development. As a result, we maintain a relatively low fixed-cost structure which, combined with our primarily recurring fee-based models, enables us to capitalize on the economic benefits of the franchising model, yielding high margins and significant cash flow.

Financial and Operational Highlights – Three Months Ended September 30, 2024

(Compared to the three months and the period ended September 30, 2023, unless otherwise noted)

●

Total revenue of $78.5 million, a decrease of 3.4% from the prior year.

●

Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds ^(a) decreased 3.3% to $58.4 million, driven by negative organic revenue growth^(b) of 3.0% and adverse foreign currency movements of 0.3%.

●

Net income (loss) attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc. of $1.0 million, compared to ($59.5) million in the prior year.

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●

Adjusted EBITDA^(c) increased 2.0% to $27.3 million and Adjusted EBITDA margin^(c)increased nearly 200 basis points to 34.8% from the prior year.

●

Total agent count increased 0.1% to 145,483 agents.

●

U.S. and Canada combined agent count decreased 4.4% to 78,201 agents.

●

Total open Motto Mortgage offices decreased 3.3% to 234 offices.

(a)

Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds is a non-GAAP measure of financial performance that differs from the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“U.S. GAAP”). Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds is calculated directly from our condensed consolidated financial statements as Total revenue less Marketing Funds fees.

(b)

We define organic revenue growth as revenue growth from continuing operations excluding Marketing Funds, revenue attributable to acquisitions, and foreign currency movements. We define revenue from acquisitions as the incremental revenue generated from the date of an acquisition to its first anniversary (excluding Marketing Funds revenue related to acquisitions where applicable).

(c)

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin are non-GAAP measures of financial performance that differ from U.S. GAAP. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for further discussion of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin and a reconciliation of the differences between Adjusted EBITDA and net income (loss), which is the most comparable U.S. GAAP measure for operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA margin represents Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total revenue.

We continue to drive operational efficiency across the Company, which helped generate better-than-anticipated third-quarter financial results. Effective cost management and improved collections from across the RE/MAX network were the primary drivers of the 16.6% year over year decrease in selling, administrative, and operating expenses that contributed to our improved results. Agent count in both Canada and outside the U.S. and Canada achieved quarter-end record highs as of September 30, 2024.

The RE/MAX conversions-mergers-acquisitions program continued to add agents to the network, including a 200-agent office in Canada. During the quarter, RE/MAX also significantly enhanced the value of the technology offered to North American affiliates through an expanded strategic partnership. Lastly, we continue to build capabilities to improve the agent-consumer experience by cultivating leads from our flagship www.remax.com website and to monetize our digital assets.

However, current market conditions caused in large part by higher interest rates and accompanying affordability challenges have depressed existing U.S. and Canadian homes sales, resulting in declines in U.S. agent count, Motto open offices, and Total Revenue through September 30, 2024. The real estate industry also faces continued uncertainty as a result of ongoing industry litigation and regulatory attention, including the National Association of Realtors (“NAR”) recent settlement, which remains subject to final court approval, of class action cases that include changes in business practices.

Several of our affiliates across both of our brands in several states were impacted by Hurricanes Helene and Milton. While the extent of the hurricanes’ full impact on our networks is not entirely known at this time, we currently estimate that our fourth quarter revenue will be lower than previously expected by approximately $1.0 million to $1.5 million, of which approximately 40% relates to the Marketing Funds, as financial support is provided to affected affiliates for a limited time. Revenue in the third quarter was not materially impacted by the aforementioned storms.

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Selected Operating and Financial Highlights

The following tables summarize several key performance indicators and our results of operations.



	As of September 30,		2024 vs. 2023
	2024	2023	#	%
Agent Count:
U.S.
Company-Owned Regions	46,283	49,576	(3,293)	(6.6)	%
Independent Regions	6,525	6,918	(393)	(5.7)	%
U.S. Total	52,808	56,494	(3,686)	(6.5)	%
Canada
Company-Owned Regions	20,515	20,389	126	0.6	%
Independent Regions	4,878	4,899	(21)	(0.4)	%
Canada Total	25,393	25,288	105	0.4	%
U.S. and Canada Total	78,201	81,782	(3,581)	(4.4)	%
Outside U.S. and Canada
Independent Regions	67,282	63,527	3,755	5.9	%
Outside U.S. and Canada Total	67,282	63,527	3,755	5.9	%
Total	145,483	145,309	174	0.1	%

RE/MAX open offices:
U.S.	3,191	3,375	(184)	(5.5)	%
Canada	937	967	(30)	(3.1)	%
U.S. and Canada Total	4,128	4,342	(214)	(4.9)	%
Outside U.S. and Canada	4,656	4,760	(104)	(2.2)	%
Total	8,784	9,102	(318)	(3.5)	%

Motto open offices ⁽¹⁾:	234	242	(8)	(3.3)	%

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,		2024 vs. 2023
	2024	2023	#	%
RE/MAX franchise sales:
U.S.	80	138	(58)	(42.0)	%
Canada	26	29	(3)	(10.3)	%
U.S. and Canada Total	106	167	(61)	(36.5)	%
Outside U.S. and Canada	414	481	(67)	(13.9)	%
Total	520	648	(128)	(19.8)	%

Motto franchise sales⁽¹⁾:	18	22	(4)	(18.2)	%

(1)	As of September 30, 2024 and 2023, there were 62 and 53 offices, respectively, that we are offering short-term financial relief and are temporarily either not being billed and/or having associated revenue recognized.


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30,						September 30,
	2024			2023			2024			2023
Total revenue	$	78,478		$	81,223		$	235,218		$	249,071
Total selling, operating and administrative expenses	$	35,932		$	43,090		$	116,488		$	132,417
Operating income (loss)	$	15,211		$	(20,998)		$	35,910		$	(937)
Net income (loss)	$	3,414		$	(82,672)		$	3,997		$	(80,107)
Net income (loss) attributable to RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.	$	966		$	(59,454)		$	1,318		$	(58,115)
Adjusted EBITDA⁽¹⁾	$	27,290		$	26,748		$	74,359		$	73,312
Adjusted EBITDA margin⁽¹⁾		34.8	%		32.9	%		31.6	%		29.4	%

(1)	See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for further discussion of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin and a reconciliation of the differences between Adjusted EBITDA and net income (loss), which is the most comparable

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U.S. GAAP measure for operating performance. Adjusted EBITDA margin represents Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total revenue.

Results of Operations

Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

Revenue

A summary of the components of our revenue is as follows (in thousands except percentages):


	Three Months Ended				Change
	September 30,				Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024		2023		$		%
Revenue:
Continuing franchise fees	$	30,798	$	31,834	$	(1,036)	(3.3)	%
Annual dues		7,969		8,456		(487)	(5.8)	%
Broker fees		14,915		14,255		660	4.6	%
Marketing Funds fees		20,098		20,853		(755)	(3.6)	%
Franchise sales and other revenue		4,698		5,825		(1,127)	(19.3)	%
Total revenue	$	78,478	$	81,223	$	(2,745)	(3.4)	%


	Three Months Ended				Change
	September 30,				Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024		2023		$		%
Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds:
Total revenue	$	78,478	$	81,223	$	(2,745)	(3.4)	%
Less: Marketing Funds fees		20,098		20,853		(755)	(3.6)	%
Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds	$	58,380	$	60,370	$	(1,990)	(3.3)	%

The decrease in Total revenue was attributable to negative organic revenue growth of 3.0% and adverse foreign currency movements of 0.3%. Negative organic revenue growth was driven by a decrease in U.S. agent count and a reduction in revenue from previous acquisitions, partially offset by an increase in Broker fees.

Continuing Franchise Fees

Revenue from Continuing franchise fees decreased primarily due to a reduction in U.S. agent count.

Broker Fees

Revenue from Broker fees increased primarily due to an increase in average home sales price and average transactions per agent in the U.S., partially offset by a reduction in U.S. agent count.

Marketing Funds Fees and Marketing Funds Expenses

Revenue from Marketing Funds fees decreased primarily due to a reduction in U.S. agent count. We recognize an equal and offsetting amount of expenses to revenue such that there is no impact to our overall profitability.

Franchise Sales and Other Revenue

Franchise sales and other revenue decreased primarily due to a reduction of revenue from previous acquisitions and lower revenue from our preferred marketing arrangements.

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Operating Expenses

A summary of the components of our operating expenses is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):


	Three Months Ended						Change
	September 30,						Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024			2023			$		%
Operating expenses:
Selling, operating and administrative expenses	$	35,932		$	43,090		$	7,158	16.6	%
Marketing Funds expenses		20,098			20,853			755	3.6	%
Depreciation and amortization		7,237			8,195			958	11.7	%
Settlement and impairment charges		—			55,000			55,000	n/m
Gain on reduction in tax receivable agreement liability		—			(24,917)			(24,917)	n/m
Total operating expenses	$	63,267		$	102,221		$	38,954	38.1	%
Percent of revenue		80.6	%		125.9	%

n/m - not meaningful

Selling, operating and administrative expenses consist of personnel costs, professional fee expenses, lease costs and other expenses. Other expenses within Selling, operating and administrative expenses include certain marketing and production costs that are not paid by the Marketing Funds, including travel and entertainment costs, and costs associated with our annual conventions in the U.S. and other events, and technology services.


	Three Months Ended						Change
	September 30,						Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024			2023			$		%
Selling, operating and administrative expenses:
Personnel	$	23,396		$	26,859		$	3,463	12.9	%
Professional fees		2,348			3,657			1,309	35.8	%
Lease costs		1,611			1,848			237	12.8	%
Other		8,577			10,726			2,149	20.0	%
Total selling, operating and administrative expenses	$	35,932		$	43,090		$	7,158	16.6	%
Percent of revenue		45.8	%		53.1	%

Total Selling, operating and administrative expenses decreased as follows:

●

Personnel costs decreased primarily due to severance charges from a reduction of force and reorganization in the prior year, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information. Also contributing to the decrease was a reduced headcount in the current year, and lower equity-based compensation expense. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in employee retention related expenses and higher employee benefit related costs.

●

Professional fees decreased primarily due to lower legal expenses. See section titled “Legal Proceedings,” set forth in Part II, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

●

Other selling, operating and administrative expenses decreased primarily due to a decrease in bad debt and other technology expenses.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased primarily due to lower Franchise agreements amortization expense from prior years independent region acquisitions becoming fully amortized, partially offset by higher Mortgage segment amortization expense.

Settlement and Impairment Charges

See the discussion of the Results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 for a discussion of the settlement and impairment charges.

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Gain on Reduction in Tax Receivable Agreement Liability

See the discussion of the Results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 for a discussion of the Gain on reduction in tax receivable agreement liability.

Other Expenses, Net

A summary of the components of our Other expenses, net is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):


	Three Months Ended						Change
	September 30,						Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024			2023			$		%
Other expenses, net:
Interest expense	$	(9,249)		$	(9,292)		$	43	0.5	%
Interest income		885			1,173			(288)	(24.6)	%
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)		74			125			(51)	n/m
Total other expenses, net	$	(8,290)		$	(7,994)		$	(296)	(3.7)	%
Percent of revenue		10.6	%		9.8	%

n/m - not meaningful

Other expenses, net increased primarily due to a decrease in interest income due to slightly lower interest rate yields and declines in investable balances. Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) are primarily the result of transactions denominated in the Canadian Dollar.

Provision for Income Taxes

The comparison of the effective income tax rates (“EITR”) for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is not meaningful. For the three months ended September 30, 2024, the EITR was mainly impacted by foreign tax expense on foreign sourced income and a valuation allowance against the associated US foreign tax credit. For the three months ended September 30, 2023 the EITR was mainly impacted by the establishment of a valuation allowance on our U.S. net deferred tax assets of $59.2 million, the $55.0 million settlement of the Nationwide Claims, as defined in Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies, and the net impact of the reorganization charges incurred during the third quarter of 2023.

In addition, our EITR depends on many factors, including a rate benefit attributable to the fact that the portion of RMCO’s earnings allocated to the non-controlling interests are not subject to corporate-level taxes because RMCO is classified as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes and therefore is treated as a “flow-through entity,” as well as annual changes in state tax rates and foreign income tax expense. See Note 3, Non-controlling Interest to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for further details on the allocation of income taxes between Holdings and the non-controlling interest and see Note 9, Income Taxes for additional information.

Adjusted EBITDA

See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures” for our definition of Adjusted EBITDA and for further discussion of our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA as well as a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss), which is the most comparable GAAP measure for operating performance.

Adjusted EBITDA was $27.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $0.5 million from the comparable prior year period. Adjusted EBITDA increased due to a decrease in bad debt expense, lower legal fees, lower compensation expense due to a reduction in headcount, primarily from the reduction in force and reorganization in the prior year, and a reduction of other technology expenses, partially offset by a decline in U.S. agent count.

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Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 and 2023

Revenue

A summary of the components of our revenue is as follows (in thousands except percentages):


	Nine Months Ended				Change
	September 30,				Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024		2023		$		%
Revenue:
Continuing franchise fees	$	92,223	$	96,011	$	(3,788)	(3.9)	%
Annual dues		24,345		25,661		(1,316)	(5.1)	%
Broker fees		40,159		39,468		691	1.8	%
Marketing Funds fees		60,331		63,272		(2,941)	(4.6)	%
Franchise sales and other revenue		18,160		24,659		(6,499)	(26.4)	%
Total revenue	$	235,218	$	249,071	$	(13,853)	(5.6)	%


	Nine Months Ended				Change
	September 30,				Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024		2023		$		%
Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds:
Total revenue	$	235,218	$	249,071	$	(13,853)	(5.6)	%
Less: Marketing Funds fees		60,331		63,272		(2,941)	(4.6)	%
Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds	$	174,887	$	185,799	$	(10,912)	(5.9)	%

The decrease in Total revenue was attributable to negative organic revenue growth of 5.6% and adverse foreign currency movements of 0.3%. Negative organic revenue growth was driven by a reduction in revenue from our annual RE/MAX agent convention, due to the 50^th anniversary celebration in the prior year, a decrease in U.S. agent count, and a reduction in revenue from previous acquisitions.

Continuing Franchise Fees

Revenue from Continuing franchise fees decreased primarily due to a reduction in U.S. agent count.

Broker Fees

Revenue from Broker fees increased primarily due to an increase in average home sales prices and average transactions per agent in the U.S. and Canada, mostly offset by a reduction in U.S. agent count.

Marketing Funds Fees and Marketing Funds Expenses

Franchise Sales and Other Revenue

Franchise sales and other revenue decreased primarily due to a reduction in revenue of approximately $3.4 million from our annual RE/MAX agent convention as a result of lower attendance due to the 50^th anniversary celebration in the prior year, a reduction in revenue from previous acquisitions and lower revenue from preferred marketing arrangements.

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Operating Expenses

A summary of the components of our operating expenses is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):


	Nine Months Ended						Change
	September 30,						Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024			2023			$		%
Operating expenses:
Selling, operating and administrative expenses	$	116,488		$	132,417		$	15,929	12.0	%
Marketing Funds expenses		60,331			63,272			2,941	4.6	%
Depreciation and amortization		22,489			24,236			1,747	7.2	%
Settlement and impairment charges		—			55,000			55,000	n/m
Gain on reduction in tax receivable agreement liability		—			(24,917)			(24,917)	n/m
Total operating expenses	$	199,308		$	250,008		$	50,700	20.3	%
Percent of revenue		84.7	%		100.4	%

n/m - not meaningful


	Nine Months Ended						Change
	September 30,						Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024			2023			$		%
Selling, operating and administrative expenses:
Personnel	$	71,425		$	75,795		$	4,370	5.8	%
Professional fees		8,038			10,443			2,405	23.0	%
Lease costs		5,117			5,802			685	11.8	%
Other		31,908			40,377			8,469	21.0	%
Total selling, operating and administrative expenses	$	116,488		$	132,417		$	15,929	12.0	%
Percent of revenue		49.5	%		53.2	%

Total Selling, operating and administrative expenses decreased as follows:

●

Personnel costs decreased primarily due to severance charges from a reduction of force and reorganization in the prior year, see Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information. Also contributing to the decrease was a reduced headcount in the current year. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in employee retention related expenses, higher employee benefit related costs and higher equity-based compensation expense.

●

Professional fees decreased primarily due to lower legal expenses. See section titled “Legal Proceedings,” set forth in Part II, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

●

Other selling, operating and administrative expenses decreased due to a reduction in expenses from our annual RE/MAX agent convention as a result of lower attendance due the 50^th anniversary celebration in the prior year, a decrease in bad debt expense, a reduction in other technology expenses and decreased property taxes.

Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense decreased primarily due to lower Franchise agreements amortization expense from prior years independent region acquisitions becoming fully amortized and the acceleration of amortization of technology in the prior year, partially offset by higher Mortgage segment amortization expense.

Settlement and Impairment Charges

Settlement Charge

During the third quarter of 2023, we agreed to pay a total settlement of $55.0 million to settle the Nationwide Claims, as defined in Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies, which was deposited into a qualified settlement escrow fund (the

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“Settlement Fund”) in installments. As a result, in the third quarter of 2023, we recorded the total settlement amount of $55.0 million to “Settlement and impairment charges” within the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) with a corresponding liability recorded to “Accrued liabilities” within the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. In addition, all installments we have paid into the Settlement Fund are included in “Restricted cash” within the Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets. See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies for additional information.

Gain on Reduction in Tax Receivable Agreement Liability

During the three months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recorded a $59.2 million valuation allowance on its U.S. net deferred tax assets. In relation to this valuation allowance, the Company also remeasured the liability under the TRAs as of September 30, 2023 and recorded a $24.9 million gain on reduction in TRA liability. See Note 9, Income Taxes for additional information.

Other Expenses, Net

A summary of the components of our Other expenses, net is as follows (in thousands, except percentages):


	Nine Months Ended						Change
	September 30,						Favorable/(Unfavorable)
	2024			2023			$		%
Other expenses, net:
Interest expense	$	(27,696)		$	(26,377)		$	(1,319)	(5.0)	%
Interest income		2,835			3,318			(483)	(14.6)	%
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)		(568)			383			(951)	n/m
Total other expenses, net	$	(25,429)		$	(22,676)		$	(2,753)	(12.1)	%
Percent of revenue		10.8	%		9.1	%

n/m - not meaningful

Other expenses, net increased primarily due to an increase in interest expense because of rising interest rates and a decrease in interest income due to lower interest rate yields and declines in investable balances. See Note 7, Debt for more information. Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) are primarily the result of transactions denominated in the Canadian Dollar and the Canadian dollar has weakened in comparison to the U.S dollar between the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Provision for Income Taxes

The comparison of the effective income tax rates (“EITR”) for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 is not meaningful. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the EITR was mainly impacted by foreign tax expense on foreign sourced income and a valuation allowance against the associated U.S. foreign tax credit. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the EITR was mainly impacted by the establishment of a valuation allowance on our U.S. net deferred tax assets of $59.2 million, the $55.0 million settlement of the Nationwide Claims, as defined in Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies, and the net impact of the reorganization charges incurred during the third quarter of 2023.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA was $74.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, an increase of $1.1 million from the comparable prior year period. Adjusted EBITDA increased due to a decrease in bad debt expense, lower legal expenses,

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lower compensation expense due to a reduction in headcount, primarily from the reduction in force and reorganization in the prior year, a reduction in other technology expenses, and decreased property tax expense, partially offset by a decrease in U.S. agent count and a reduction in revenue from previous acquisitions.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has adopted rules to regulate the use in filings with the SEC and in public disclosures of financial measures that are not in accordance with U.S. GAAP, such as Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds and Adjusted EBITDA and the ratios related thereto. These measures are derived on the basis of methodologies other than in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds is a non-GAAP measure of financial performance that differs from U.S. GAAP, and we believe that exclusion of the Marketing Funds is a useful supplemental measure as we recognize an equal and offsetting amount of expenses to revenue such that there is no impact to our overall profitability. Revenue excluding the Marketing Funds is calculated directly from our condensed consolidated financial statements as Total revenue less Marketing Funds fees.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as EBITDA (consolidated net income (loss) before depreciation and amortization, interest expense, interest income and the provision for income taxes, each of which is presented in our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q), adjusted for the impact of the following items that are either non-cash or that we do not consider representative of our ongoing operating performance: gain or loss on sale or disposition of assets and sublease, settlement and impairment charges, equity-based compensation expense, acquisition-related expense, gains or losses from changes in the tax receivable agreement liability, expense or income related to changes in the fair value measurement of contingent consideration, restructuring charges and other non-recurring items.

As Adjusted EBITDA omits certain non-cash items and other non-recurring cash charges or other items, we believe that it is less susceptible to variances that affect our operating performance resulting from depreciation, amortization and other non-cash and non-recurring cash charges or other items. We present Adjusted EBITDA, and the related Adjusted EBITDA margin, because we believe they are useful as supplemental measures in evaluating the performance of our operating businesses and provide greater transparency into our results of operations. Our management uses Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin as factors in evaluating the performance of our business.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA margin have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider these measures either in isolation or as a substitute for analyzing our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

●

these measures do not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

●

these measures do not reflect our interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our debt;

●

these measures do not reflect our income tax expense or the cash requirements to pay our taxes;

●

these measures do not reflect the cash requirements to pay dividends to stockholders of our Class A common stock and tax and other cash distributions to our non-controlling unitholders;

●

these measures do not reflect the cash requirements pursuant to the Tax Receivable Agreements (“TRAs”);

●

these measures do not reflect the cash requirements for share repurchases;

●

these measures do not reflect the cash requirements for the settlement of industry class-action lawsuits and other legal settlements;

●

although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often require replacement in the future, and these measures do not reflect any cash requirements for such replacements;

●

although equity-based compensation is a non-cash charge, the issuance of equity-based awards may have a dilutive impact on earnings per share; and

●

other companies may calculate these measures differently, so similarly named measures may not be comparable.

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A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) is set forth in the following table (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2024		2023		2024		2023
Net income (loss)	$	3,414	$	(82,672)	$	3,997	$	(80,107)
Depreciation and amortization		7,237		8,195		22,489		24,236
Interest expense		9,249		9,292		27,696		26,377
Interest income		(885)		(1,173)		(2,835)		(3,318)
Provision for income taxes		3,507		53,680		6,484		56,494
EBITDA		22,522		(12,678)		57,831		23,682
Settlement charge ⁽¹⁾		—		55,000		—		55,000
Equity-based compensation expense		4,618		4,891		14,443		14,050
Acquisition-related expense⁽²⁾		—		59		—		160
Fair value adjustments to contingent consideration ⁽³⁾		(437)		(280)		(300)		(379)
Restructuring charges ⁽⁴⁾		(18)		4,278		(59)		4,245
Gain on reduction in tax receivable agreement liability ⁽⁵⁾		—		(24,917)		—		(24,917)
Other ⁽⁶⁾		605		395		2,444		1,471
Adjusted EBITDA	$	27,290	$	26,748	$	74,359	$	73,312

(1)	Represents the settlement of industry class-action lawsuits.

(2)	Acquisition-related expense includes personnel, legal, accounting, advisory and consulting fees incurred in connection with acquisition activities and integration of acquired companies.

(3)	Fair value adjustments to contingent consideration include amounts recognized for changes in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities. See Note 8, Fair Value Measurements for additional information.

(4)	During the third quarter of 2023, we announced a reduction in force and reorganization intended to streamline our operations and yield cost savings over the long term. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for additional information.

(5)	Gain on reduction in tax receivable agreement liability is a result of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets recorded during the third quarter of 2023.

(6)	Other is primarily made up of employee retention related expenses from our CEO transition.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview of Factors Affecting Our Liquidity

Our liquidity position is primarily affected by the change in our agent and franchise base and conditions in the real estate market. In this regard, our short-term liquidity position from time to time has been, and will continue to be, affected by several factors including agents in the RE/MAX network, particularly in Company-Owned Regions. Our cash flows are primarily related to the timing of:

(i)

cash receipt of revenues;

(ii)

payment of selling, operating and administrative expenses;

(iii)

net investments in our Mortgage segment;

(iv)

cash consideration for acquisitions and acquisition-related expenses;

(v)

principal payments, including any early principal payments, and related interest payments on our Senior Secured Credit Facility;

(vi)

dividend payments to stockholders of our Class A common stock;

(vii)

distributions and other payments to non-controlling unitholders pursuant to the terms of RMCO’s limited liability company operating agreement (“the RMCO, LLC Agreement”);

(viii)

corporate tax payments paid by the Company;

(ix)

payments to the TRA parties pursuant to the TRAs;

(x)

the settlement of industry class-action lawsuits and other legal settlements; and

(xi)

share repurchases.

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We have satisfied these needs primarily through our existing cash balances, cash generated by our operations and funds available under our Senior Secured Credit Facility. We may pursue other sources of capital that may include other forms of external financing, such as additional financing in the public capital markets, in order to increase our cash position and preserve financial flexibility as needs arise.

Financing Resources

RMCO and RE/MAX, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of RMCO, have a credit agreement with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and various lenders party thereto (the “Senior Secured Credit Facility”). On July 21, 2021, we amended and restated our Senior Secured Credit Facility to fund the acquisition of RE/MAX INTEGRA (“INTEGRA”) and refinance our existing facility. The revised facility provides for a seven-year $460.0 million term loan facility and a five-year $50.0 million revolving loan facility. The Senior Secured Credit Facility also provides for incremental facilities under which RE/MAX, LLC may request to add one or more tranches of term facilities or increase any then existing credit facility in the aggregate principal amount of up to $100 million (or a higher amount subject to the terms and conditions of the Senior Secured Credit Facility), subject to lender participation.

The Senior Secured Credit Facility is guaranteed by RMCO and is secured by a lien on substantially all of the assets of RE/MAX, LLC and other operating companies.

The Senior Secured Credit Facility requires us to repay term loans at approximately $1.2 million per quarter. We are also required to repay the term loans and reduce revolving commitments with (i) 100% of proceeds of any incurrence of additional debt not permitted by the Senior Secured Credit Facility, (ii) 100% of proceeds of asset sales and 100% of amounts recovered under insurance policies, subject to certain exceptions and a reinvestment right and (iii) 50% of Excess Cash Flow (or “ECF”) as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility, at the end of the applicable fiscal year if RE/MAX, LLC’s Total Leverage Ratio (or “TLR”) as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility, is in excess of 4.25:1. If the TLR as of the last day of such fiscal year is equal to or less than 4.25:1 but above 3.75:1, the repayment percentage is 25% of ECF and if our TLR as of the last day of such fiscal year is less than 3.75:1, no repayment from ECF is required. We evaluated if an ECF payment was required as of December 31, 2023, pursuant to the terms of the Senior Secured Credit Facility and determined no ECF payment was required.

In addition, if any amounts are drawn under the revolving line of credit under the Senior Secured Credit Facility the terms of the Senior Secured Credit Facility require the TLR to not exceed 4.50:1 at the last day of any period of four consecutive fiscal quarters. If the TLR exceeds 4.50:1, access to borrowings under the revolving line of credit will be restricted. A commitment fee of 0.5% per annum (subject to reductions) accrues on the amount of unutilized revolving line of credit regardless of our TLR. As of the date of this report, no amounts were drawn on the revolving line of credit.

We are also limited in the amount of restricted payments we can make, as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility, as it provides for customary restrictions on, among other things, additional indebtedness, restricted payments, liens, dispositions of property, dividends, transactions with affiliates and fundamental changes such as mergers, consolidations, and liquidations. The restricted payments include declaration or payment of dividends, repurchase of shares, or other distributions. In general, we can make unlimited restricted payments, if the TLR is below 3.50:1 (both before and after giving effect to such payments). So long as the TLR exceeds 3.50:1, we will be limited in the amount of restricted payments – primarily dividends and share repurchases – we can make up to the greater of $50 million or 50% of consolidated EBITDA on a trailing twelve-month basis (unless we can rely on other restricted payment baskets available under the Senior Secured Credit Facility).

The TLR is calculated based on RE/MAX, LLC’s consolidated indebtedness and consolidated EBITDA, both defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility. As of September 30, 2024, RE/MAX, LLC’s consolidated EBITDA, as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility, was $102.7 million on a trailing twelve-month basis and the TLR was 3.52:1. As long as the TLR remains above 3.50:1, we will be limited in the amount of restricted payments we can make. In addition, access to borrowings under the revolving line of credit will not be restricted based on TLR so long as the Company’s TLR remains below 4:50:1

With certain exceptions, any default under any of our other agreements evidencing indebtedness in the amount of $15.0 million or more would constitute an event of default under the Senior Secured Credit Facility.

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Prior to July 2023, borrowings under the term loans and revolving loans accrued interest, at our option on (a) LIBOR, provided LIBOR shall be no less than 0.50% plus an applicable margin of 2.50% and, provided further that such rate shall be adjusted for reserve requirements for eurocurrency liabilities, if any (the “LIBOR Rate”) or (b) the greatest of (i) the prime rate as quoted by the Wall Street Journal, (ii) the NYFRB Rate (as defined in the Senior Secured Credit Facility) plus 0.50% and (iii) the one-month Eurodollar Rate plus 1.00%, (such greatest rate, the “ABR”) plus, in each case, an applicable margin of 1.50%. The Senior Secured Credit Facility includes a provision for transition from LIBOR to the alternative reference rate of Term Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) on or before June 2023 (the LIBOR Rate cessation date) and we transitioned from LIBOR to Adjusted Term SOFR on July 31, 2023. Borrowings under the term loans and revolving loans accrue interest based on Adjusted Term SOFR, subject to the same floor of 0.50%, plus the same applicable margin of 2.50%. As of September 30, 2024, the interest rate on the term loan facility was 7.5%.

As of September 30, 2024, we had $445.1 million of term loans outstanding, excluding any unamortized discount and issuance costs, and no revolving loans outstanding under our Senior Secured Credit Facility.

Sources and Uses of Cash

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $83.8 million and $82.6 million, respectively, of cash and cash equivalents, of which approximately $17.0 million and $32.5 million, respectively, were denominated in foreign currencies.

The following table summarizes our cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024		2023
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	42,867	$	19,625
Investing activities		(5,123)		(3,570)
Financing activities		(6,610)		(33,391)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash		(519)		21
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	30,615	$	(17,315)

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities increased primarily as a result of:

●

lower spend in the Marketing Funds in the current year, which resulted in a $2.0 million increase in restricted cash and cash flow provided by operating activities. Compared to higher spend in the Marketing Funds in the prior year, which resulted in an $12.2 million decrease in restricted cash and cash flow provided by operating activities. This contributed to a net year over year increase in cash flow provided by operating activities of $14.2 million;

●

an increase due to lower payments of certain employee related liabilities;

●

lower cash paid for severance of $1.2 million;

●

an increase in Adjusted EBITDA of $1.1 million; offset by,

●

higher interest payments in the current year of $1.5 million, due to higher interest rates in the current year; and

●

timing differences on various operating assets and liabilities.

Investing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the change in cash used in investing activities was primarily the result of higher spend on our leased buildings other than our corporate headquarters and capitalizable technology investments compared to the prior year.

Financing Activities

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the change in cash used in financing activities was primarily due to the suspension of our quarterly dividend during the fourth quarter of 2023 and not allocating capital to our share repurchase program in the current year.

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Capital Allocation Priorities

Liquidity

Our objective is to maintain a strong liquidity position. We have existing cash balances, cash flows from operating activities, and incremental facilities under our Senior Secured Credit Facility available to support the needs of our business. As needs arise, we may seek additional financing in the public capital markets.

Acquisitions

As part of our growth strategy, we may pursue acquisitions of RE/MAX Independent Regions in the U.S. and Canada as well as additional acquisitions or investments in complementary businesses, services and technologies that would provide access to new markets, revenue streams, or otherwise complement our existing operations. We may fund any such growth with various sources of capital including existing cash balances and cash flow from operations, as well as proceeds from debt financings including under existing credit facilities or new arrangements raised in the public capital markets.

Capital Expenditures

The total aggregate amount for purchases of property and equipment and capitalization of developed software was $5.8 million and $4.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. These amounts primarily relate to higher spend on leased buildings other than our corporate headquarters and spend on investments in technology. We plan to continue to re-invest in our business in order to improve operational efficiencies and enhance the tools and services provided to the affiliates in our networks. Total capital expenditures for 2024 are expected to be between $6.5 million and $7.5 million. See Financial and Operational Highlights above for additional information.

Return of Capital

In the fourth quarter of 2023, our Board of Directors suspended our quarterly dividend. In light of the litigation settlement and ongoing challenging housing and mortgage market conditions (as further discussed in Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies), we continue to believe this action to preserve our capital is prudent. Our Board of Directors approved quarterly cash dividends of $0.23 per share on all outstanding shares of Class A common stock during the first three quarters in 2023, as disclosed in Note 4, Earnings Per Share and Dividends.

During the first quarter of 2022, our Board of Directors authorized a common stock repurchase program of up to $100 million. The share repurchase program does not obligate the Company to purchase any amount of common stock and does not have an expiration date. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, 160,405 shares of our Class A common stock were repurchased and retired for $3.4 million, excluding commissions, at an average cost of $21.24 per share. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, we did not repurchase any shares of our Class A common stock. As of September 30, 2024, $62.5 million remained available under the share repurchase authorization.

Future capital allocation decisions with respect to return of capital either in the form of additional future dividends, and if declared, the amount, payment and timing of any such future dividend, or in the form of share buybacks, will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors who will take into account general economic, housing and mortgage market conditions, the Company’s financial condition, available cash, current and anticipated cash needs, any applicable restrictions pursuant to the terms of our Senior Secured Credit Facility and any other factors that the Board of Directors considers relevant.

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Distributions and Other Payments to Non-controlling Unitholders by RMCO

Distributions and other payments pursuant to the RMCO, LLC Agreement and TRAs were comprised of the following (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,
	2024		2023
Tax distributions	$	—	$	—
Dividend distributions		—		8,667
Total distributions to non-controlling unitholders		—		8,667
Payments pursuant to the TRAs		537		—
Total distributions to non-controlling unitholders and TRA payments	$	537	$	8,667

Commitments and Contingencies

See Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no material off balance sheet arrangements as of September 30, 2024.

Critical Accounting Judgments and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Our Critical Accounting Judgments and Estimates disclosed in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Critical Accounting Judgments and Estimates” in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K for which there were no material changes, included:

●

Purchase Accounting for Acquisitions

●

Deferred Tax Assets and TRA Liability

New Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks

We have operations within the U.S., Canada, and globally, and we are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks primarily include interest rate, foreign exchange and credit risks, as well as risks relating to changes in the general economic conditions in the countries where we conduct business. We use derivative instruments to mitigate the impact of certain of our market risk exposures. We do not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

Credit Risk

We are exposed to credit risk related to receivables from franchisees. We perform quarterly reviews of credit exposure above an established threshold for each franchisee and are in regular communication with those franchisees about their balance. For significant delinquencies, we will terminate the franchise. For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 bad debt expense was 0.4% and 2.0% of revenue, respectively.

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Interest Rate Risk

We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with borrowings under our Senior Secured Credit Facility which bear interest at variable rates. On September 30, 2024, $445.1 million in term loans were outstanding under our Senior Secured Credit Facility. We currently do not engage in any interest rate hedging activity, but given our variable rate borrowings, we monitor interest rates and if appropriate, may engage in hedging activity prospectively. Up until and prior to September 30, 2023, the interest rate on our Senior Secured Credit Facility was based on LIBOR, subject to a floor of 0.50%, plus an applicable margin of 2.50%. We transitioned from LIBOR to Adjusted Term SOFR during the third quarter of 2023 and borrowings under the term loans and revolving loans accrue interest based on Adjusted Term SOFR, beginning on July 31, 2023, subject to the same floor of 0.50%, plus the same applicable margin of 2.50%.

As of September 30, 2024, the interest rate was 7.5%. If our rate is above the floor, then each hypothetical 0.25% increase would result in additional annual interest expense of $1.1 million. To mitigate a portion of this risk, we invest our cash balances in short-term investments that earn interest at variable rates.

Currency Risk

We have a network of global franchisees in over 110 countries and territories. Fluctuations in exchange rates of the U.S. dollar against foreign currencies can result, and have resulted, in fluctuations in (a) revenue and operating income (loss) due to a portion of our revenue being denominated in foreign currencies and (b) foreign exchange transaction gains and losses due primarily to cash, accounts receivable and liability balances denominated in foreign currencies, with the Canadian dollar representing the most significant exposure. To mitigate a portion of this risk related to (b), we enter into short-term foreign currency forwards, to minimize exposures related to foreign currency. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, for more information. In addition, we actively convert cash balances into U.S. dollars to mitigate currency risk on cash positions.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, a hypothetical 5% strengthening/weakening in the value of the U.S. dollar compared to the Canadian dollar would have resulted in a decrease/increase to operating income (loss) of approximately $0.4 million and $1.2 million, respectively, related to currency risk (a) above.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Our management, under the supervision and with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on that evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer have concluded that as of September 30, 2024 our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rules 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in litigation, claims and other proceedings relating to the conduct of our business, and the disclosures set forth in Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies relating to certain legal matters is incorporated

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herein by reference. Such litigation and other proceedings may include, but are not limited to, actions relating to intellectual property, commercial arrangements, franchising arrangements, brokerage disputes, vicarious liability based upon conduct of individuals or entities outside of our control including franchisees and independent agents, and employment law claims. Litigation and other disputes are inherently unpredictable and subject to substantial uncertainties and unfavorable resolutions could occur. Often these cases raise complex factual and legal issues, which are subject to risks and uncertainties and which could require significant time and resources from management. Although we do not believe any currently pending litigation will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or operations, there are inherent uncertainties in litigation and other claims and regulatory proceedings and such pending matters could result in unexpected expenses and liabilities and might materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or operations, including our reputation.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, please see “Risk Factors” in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to the risk factors as disclosed in our 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table sets forth stock repurchases of our Class A common stock for the three months ended September 30, 2024:


				Approximate Dollar
	Total Number of Shares			Value of Shares that
	Purchased as part of			May Yet be
	Publicly Announced	Average Price		Purchased Under the
Period	Plans or Programs ^(a)	Paid Per Share		Plans or Programs
Jul 1-31	—	$	—	$	62,491,567
Aug 1-31	—	$	—	$	62,491,567
Sep 1-30	—	$	—	$	62,491,567
Total	—

In January 2022, our Board of Directors authorized a common stock repurchase program of up to $100 million. There was no repurchase activity during the three months ended September 30, 2024. As of September 30, 2024, $62.5 million remains under the program.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

None.

Item 5. Other Information

During the three months ended September 30, 2024, none of our directors or executive officers adopted, modified or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities that was intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K.

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Item 6. Exhibits

Exhibit No.	Exhibit Description	Form	File Number	Date of First Filing	Exhibit Number	Filed Herewith

2.1	Stock Purchase Agreement, dated June 3, 2021, by and among A La Carte U.S., LLC, A La Carte Investments Canada, Inc., RE/MAX, LLC, Brodero Holdings, Inc., and Fire-Ball Holdings Corporation, Ltd.	8-K	001-36101	6/3/2021	2.1

3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation	10-Q	001-36101	11/14/2013	3.1

3.2	Amended and Restated Bylaws of RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.	8-K	001-36101	2/22/2018	3.1

3.3	Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Bylaws of RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.	8-K	001-36101	5/31/2023	3.1

4.1	Form of RE/MAX Holdings, Inc.’s Class A common stock certificate.	S-1	333-190699	9/27/2013	4.1

10.1	Form of Time-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award†	10-Q	001-36101	5/4/2023	10.1

10.2	Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award†	10-Q	001-36101	5/2/2024	10.2


31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.					X

31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.					X

32.1	Certifications of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002					X

101.INS	XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.					X

101.SCH	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document					X

101.CAL	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document					X

101.DEF	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document					X

101.LAB	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document					X

101.PRE	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document					X

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Exhibit No.		Exhibit Description		Form		File Number		Date of First Filing		Exhibit Number		Filed Herewith
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File – The cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.										X

† Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		RE/MAX Holdings, Inc. (Registrant)

Date:	October 31, 2024	By:	/s/ Erik Carlson
			Erik Carlson
			Chief Executive Officer
			(Principal Executive Officer)

Date:	October 31, 2024	By:	/s/ Karri R. Callahan
			Karri R. Callahan Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

Date:	October 31, 2024	By:	/s/ Leah R. Jenkins
			Leah R. Jenkins Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer)

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RE/MAX (RMAX) 10-Q2024 Q3 Quarterly report

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