(b) The description of the Registrant’s Ordinary Shares and American Depositary Shares contained in the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed on March 23, 2015 (File No. 001-36891) under the Exchange Act, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description, including the description of securities included as Exhibit 2.3 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F filed with the SEC on March 4, 2021.
All other reports and documents subsequently filed by the Registrant pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 and 15(d) of the Exchange Act on or after the date of this Registration Statement and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement which indicates that all securities offered have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference herein and to be a part of this Registration Statement from the date of the filing of such reports and documents; provided, however, that documents or information deemed to have been furnished (except for documents or information deemed to have been specifically incorporated by reference as discussed in (b) above) and not filed in accordance with the rules of the Commission shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any subsequently filed document that also is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this Registration Statement.
ITEM 4. | DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES |
Not applicable.
ITEM 5. | INTERESTS OF NAMED EXPERTS AND COUNSEL |
Not applicable.
ITEM 6. | INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS |
Under French law, provisions of By-laws that limit the liability of directors and officers are prohibited. However, French law allows sociétés anonymes to contract for and maintain liability insurance against civil liabilities incurred by any of their directors and officers involved in a third-party action, provided that they acted in good faith and within their capacities as directors or officers of the company. Criminal liability cannot be indemnified under French law, whether directly by a company or through liability insurance.
We maintain customary liability insurance coverage for our directors and executive officers, including insurance against liability under the Securities Act, and we may enter into agreements in the future with our directors and executive officers to provide contractual indemnification. With certain exceptions and subject to limitations on indemnification under French law, these agreements would provide for indemnification for damages and expenses including, among other things, attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by any of these individuals in any action or proceeding arising out of his or her actions in that capacity.
These indemnification arrangements may discourage shareholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors and executive officers for breach of their fiduciary duty. These arrangements also may have the effect of reducing the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and executive officers, even though such an action, if successful, might otherwise benefit us and our shareholders. Furthermore, a shareholder’s investment may be adversely affected to the extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification arrangements.
Certain of our non-employee directors may, through their relationships with their employers or partnerships, be insured against certain liabilities in their capacity as members of our board of directors.