Disc Medicine 424B5 Prospectus supplement for primary offering

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(5)
Registration No. 333-269272

The information in this preliminary prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. A registration statement relating to these securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and is effective. This preliminary prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are not an offer to sell these securities and they are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED JUNE 12, 2023

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

(To prospectus dated January 24, 2023)

$100,000,000

LOGO

Shares of Common Stock

Pre-Funded Warrants to Purchase Shares of Common Stock

We are offering shares of our common stock and, in lieu of common stock to certain investors that so choose, pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of common stock in this offering. Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “IRON.” On June 9, 2023, the closing sale price of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market, was $45.69 per share.

The purchase price of each pre-funded warrant will equal the price per share at which shares of our common stock are being sold to the public in this offering, minus $0.0001, which is the exercise price of each pre-funded warrant. The pre-funded warrants do not expire, and each pre-funded warrant will be exercisable at any time after the date of issuance, subject to an ownership limitation and in some cases clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, or the HSR Act. This prospectus supplement also relates to the offering of the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of such pre-funded warrants.

There is no established public trading market for the pre-funded warrants, and we do not expect a market to develop. We do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants on the Nasdaq Global Market or any other national securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.

We are an emerging growth company as that term is used in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act, and a smaller reporting company as defined under Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, and, as such, are subject to certain reduced public company reporting requirements. See “Prospectus Supplement Summary—Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Smaller Reporting Company” on page S-4 of this prospectus supplement.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. Please read “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement, page 10 in the accompanying prospectus, and under similar headings in the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement concerning factors you should carefully consider before investing in our common stock.

Per
Share

Per
Pre-Funded
Warrant

Total

Public offering price

Underwriting discounts and commissions (1)

Proceeds, before expenses, to us

(1)

See the section titled “Underwriters” beginning on page S-25 for a description of the compensation payable to the underwriters.

We have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 30 days to purchase up to an additional $15 million of shares of our common stock at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities, or passed upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares of common stock and the pre-funded warrants against payment therefor on or about , 2023.

Joint Book-Running Managers


Morgan Stanley		SVB Securities		Stifel		BMO Capital Markets

Lead Manager

Wedbush PacGrow

, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT


	Page
About this Prospectus Supplement		S-ii
Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements		S-iv
Prospectus Supplement Summary		S-1
Risk Factors		S-7
Dividend Policy		S-12
Use of Proceeds		S-13
Dilution		S-14
Description of Pre-funded Warrants		S-16


	Page
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences for Investors in Common Stock and Pre-funded Warrants		S-19
Underwriters		S-25
Legal Matters		S-36
Experts		S-37
Where You can Find More Information		S-38
Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference		S-39

PROSPECTUS


	Page
About this Prospectus		1
Where You can Find More Information		1
Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference		2
Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements		4
About the Company		7
Risk Factors		10
Selected Financial Data		11
Use of Proceeds		14


	Page
Dividend Policy		15
General Description of Securities		16
Description of Capital Stock		17
Description of Debt Securities		24
Description of Warrants		31
Description of Units		32
Plan of Distribution		35
Legal Matters		38
Experts		38

S-i

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-269272) that we filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, using a “shelf” registration process on January 18, 2023, which was declared effective on January 24, 2023. This document is in two parts. The first part is this prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering of common stock and pre-funded warrants. The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which provides more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. The information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement also adds to, updates and changes information contained or incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus. If information included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement is inconsistent with the accompanying prospectus or the information incorporated by reference therein, then this prospectus supplement or the information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement will apply and will supersede the information in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference therein. However, if any statement in one of these documents is inconsistent with a statement in another document with a later date that is incorporated by reference herein, the statement in the document having the later date modifies and supersedes the earlier statement.

Before buying any of the shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants offered hereby, we urge you to read carefully this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, together with the information incorporated herein by reference as described below under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference,” as well as the additional information described in this prospectus supplement under “Where You Can Find More Information.”

We further note that the representations, warranties and covenants made by us in any agreement that is filed as an exhibit to any document that is incorporated by reference herein were made solely for the benefit of the parties to such agreement, including, in some cases, for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties to such agreements, and should not be deemed to be a representation, warranty or covenant to you. Moreover, such representations, warranties or covenants were accurate only as of the date when made. Accordingly, such representations, warranties and covenants should not be relied on as accurately representing the current state of our affairs.

Neither we nor the underwriters have authorized anyone to provide you with information other than the information that we have provided or incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and your reliance on any unauthorized information or representation is at your own risk. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus supplement and that any information we have incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus supplement, or any sale of our common stock and pre-funded warrants. Our business, financial condition and results of operations may have changed since those dates.

We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The distribution of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus and the offering of the common stock and pre-funded warrants in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. No action is being taken in any jurisdiction outside the United States to permit a public offering of the securities or possession or distribution of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus in that jurisdiction. Persons outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus must inform themselves about, and observe any restrictions relating to, the offering of the common stock and pre-funded warrants and the distribution of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus outside the United States. This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus do not constitute, and may not be used in connection with, an offer to sell, or a solicitation of an offer to buy, any securities offered by this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus by any person in any jurisdiction in which it is unlawful for such person to make such an offer or solicitation.

S-ii

On December 29, 2022, we acquired Disc Medicine Opco, Inc. (formerly Disc Medicine, Inc.), or Private Disc, pursuant to an agreement and plan of merger, or the Merger, and we changed our name to Disc Medicine, Inc. on December 29, 2022. As used in this prospectus supplement, unless the context otherwise requires, references to “Disc,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to (i) prior to the date of the Merger, Private Disc, and its wholly owned, consolidated subsidiaries, or either or all of them as the context may require, and (ii) following the date of the Merger, Disc Medicine, Inc., and its wholly owned, consolidated subsidiaries, or either or all of them as the context may require.

All references in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus to our consolidated financial statements include the related notes thereto.

Disc Medicine, Inc., the Disc logo and our other registered or common law trademarks, trade names or service marks appearing in this prospectus supplement are owned by us. All other trademarks or trade names referred to in this prospectus supplement are the property of their respective owners. Solely for convenience, the trademarks and trade names in this prospectus supplement are referred to without the symbols^® and^™, but such references should not be construed as any indicator that their respective owners will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, their rights thereto.

S-iii

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents that we incorporate by reference, contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the documents that we incorporate by reference, regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects, plans, objectives of management and expected market growth are forward-looking statements. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements about:

•

the initiation, timing, progress, results, and cost of our research and development programs and our current and future preclinical studies and clinical trials, including statements regarding the timing of initiation and completion of studies or trials and related preparatory work, the period during which the results of the trials will become available, and our research and development programs;

•

our ability to efficiently discover and develop product candidates;

•

our ability and the potential to successfully manufacture our drug substances and product candidates for preclinical use, for clinical trials and on a larger scale for commercial use, if approved;

•

our ability to obtain funding for our operations necessary to complete further development and commercialization of our product candidates;

•

our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approval of our product candidates;

•

our ability to commercialize our products, if approved;

•

the pricing and reimbursement of our product candidates, if approved;

•

the implementation of our business model, and strategic plans for our business and product candidates;

•

the scope of protection we are able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering our product candidates;

•

estimates of our future expenses, revenues, capital requirements, and our needs for additional financing;

•

the potential benefits of strategic collaboration agreements, our ability to enter into strategic collaborations or arrangements, and our ability to attract collaborators with development, regulatory and commercialization expertise;

•

future agreements with third parties in connection with the commercialization of product candidates and any other approved product;

•

the size and growth potential of the markets for our product candidates, and our ability to serve those markets;

•

our financial performance;

•

the rate and degree of market acceptance of our product candidates;

•

regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;

•

our ability to contract with third-party suppliers and manufacturers and their ability to perform adequately;

•

our ability to produce our products or product candidates with advantages in turnaround times or manufacturing cost;

S-iv

•

the success of competing therapies that are or may become available;

•

our ability to attract and retain key scientific or management personnel;

•

the impact of laws and regulations;

•

developments relating to our competitors and our industry;

•

the impact of global economic and political developments on our business, including rising inflation and capital market disruptions, the current conflict in Ukraine, economic sanctions and economic slowdowns or recessions that may result from such developments which could harm our research and development efforts as well as the value of our common stock and our ability to access capital markets; and

•

other risks and uncertainties, including those listed under the caption “Risk Factors;” and

•

our use of the proceeds from this offering and any other financing transaction we may undertake.

The forward-looking statements in this prospectus supplement represent our views as of the date of this prospectus supplement. We anticipate that subsequent events and developments will cause our views to change. However, while we may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some point in the future, we have no current intention of doing so except to the extent required by applicable law. You should therefore not rely on these forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this prospectus supplement.

We may from time-to-time provide estimates, projections and other information concerning our industry, our business and the markets for our programs and product candidates. Information that is based on estimates, forecasts, projections, market research or similar methodologies is inherently subject to uncertainties and actual events or circumstances may differ materially from events and circumstances that are assumed in this information. Unless otherwise expressly stated, we obtained this industry, business, market, and other data from our own internal estimates and research as well as from reports, research surveys, studies, and similar data prepared by market research firms and other third parties, industry, medical and general publications, government data and similar sources. While we are not aware of any misstatements regarding any third-party information presented in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, their estimates, in particular, as they relate to projections, involve numerous assumptions, are subject to risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors. You should read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents that we reference herein and therein and have filed with the SEC as exhibits thereto completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from any future results expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These estimates involve numerous assumptions, are subject to risks and uncertainties and are subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 filed with the SEC on May 15, 2023, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, and the section this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus entitled “Risk Factors” that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements that we make. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, collaborations, joint ventures, or investments that we may make or into which we may enter.

S-v

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT SUMMARY

This summary highlights selected information about us and this offering and does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in our common stock and pre-funded warrants. You should read this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein carefully, especially those associated with the risks of investing in our common stock and pre-funded warrants discussed under “Risk Factors” beginning on page S-7 of this prospectus supplement and in the section entitled “Risk Factors” of our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2023, and any subsequent reports we file with the SEC after the date of this prospectus supplement, which are incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, along with our consolidated financial statements and notes to those consolidated financial statements and the other information incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement, before making an investment decision.

COMPANY OVERVIEW

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development, and commercialization of novel treatments for patients suffering from serious hematologic diseases. We have assembled a portfolio of clinical and preclinical product candidates that aim to modify fundamental biological pathways associated with the formation and function of red blood cells, specifically heme biosynthesis and iron homeostasis. Our current pipeline includes, bitopertin for the treatment of erythropoietic porphyrias, or EPs, including erythropoietic protoporphyria, or EPP, and X-linked protoporphyria, or XLP, and Diamond-Blackfan Anemia, or DBA; DISC-0974 for the treatment of anemia of myelofibrosis, or MF, and anemia of chronic kidney disease, or CKD; and MWTX-003 for the treatment of polycythemia vera, or PV, and other hematologic disorders. In addition, our preclinical programs also include DISC-0998, for the treatment of anemia associated with inflammatory diseases. Our approach to product candidate development is to leverage well-understood molecular mechanisms that have been validated in humans. We believe that each of our product candidates, if approved, has the potential to improve the lives of patients suffering from hematologic diseases.

Bitopertin is the lead product candidate in our heme biosynthesis modulation portfolio. Bitopertin was previously evaluated by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd and Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., or collectively, Roche, in a comprehensive clinical program in over 4,000 individuals in other indications which demonstrated the activity of bitopertin as a glycine transporter 1, or GlyT1, inhibitor and its effect on heme biosynthesis. We are planning to initially develop bitopertin for the treatment of EPs, including EPP and XLP. In July 2022, we initiated BEACON, a Phase 2 open-label, parallel-dose clinical trial of bitopertin designed to evaluate safety, tolerability, efficacy, and protoporphyrin IX, or PPIX, concentrations in patients with EPP and XLP, which is being conducted at sites in Australia. Separately, in July 2022, we received clearance of our Investigational New Drug application, or IND, from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, for, and in October 2022 we initiated, AURORA, a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of bitopertin designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, efficacy and PPIX concentrations in patients with EPP, which is being conducted at sites in the United States. On June 9, 2023, we announced interim data from BEACON which is discussed in additional detail below under “Recent Developments.” We expect to present data for all patients from BEACON by end of year 2023 and to receive topline data from AURORA by end of 2023, which we expect to present in early 2024. We entered into a collaborative research and development agreement with the National Institutes of Health, or NIH, to conduct an NIH-sponsored clinical trial of bitopertin in DBA. The FDA authorized the clinical trial to proceed and we expect the trial to begin by mid-year 2023. We are planning additional trials of bitopertin in other indications.

DISC-0974 is the lead product candidate in our iron homeostasis portfolio. DISC-0974 is designed to suppress hepcidin production and increase serum iron levels. We submitted an IND to the FDA for DISC-0974 in

S-1

June 2021, received clearance in July 2021, and participants completed a Phase 1 clinical trial in healthy volunteers in the U.S. in June 2022 with results showing an acceptable tolerability profile and evidence of target engagement, iron mobilization and augmented erythropoiesis. We initiated a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial in June 2022 designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of DISC-0974 in patients with anemia of MF, and initiated a separate Phase 1b/2 clinical trial in February 2023 designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of DISC-0974 in patients with non-dialysis dependent CKD and anemia. We expect to report interim data from both of these trials by end of 2023. In addition, we are developing a preclinical anti-hemojuvelin monoclonal antibody, DISC-0998, which also targets hepcidin suppression and was in-licensed from AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG. DISC-0998 is designed to increase serum iron levels and has an extended serum half-life as compared to DISC-0974. We believe this pharmacokinetics profile may be desirable in certain subsets of patients with anemia associated with inflammatory diseases.

Lastly, we are developing MWTX-003, a monoclonal antibody against Transmembrane Serine Protease 6 that we licensed from Mabwell Therapeutics, Inc. MWTX-003 is part of our iron homeostasis portfolio and is designed to induce hepcidin production and reduce serum iron levels. An IND for MWTX-003 has been cleared by the FDA, and we plan to initiate a Phase 1 clinical trial in healthy adult volunteers in the second half of 2023. We expect to develop MWTX-003 for the treatment of PV and other hematologic disorders.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

On June 9, 2023, we announced initial data from our ongoing Phase 2 open-label BEACON trial evaluating bitopertin, an orally administered investigational GlyT1 inhibitor, in patients with EPP and XLP.

BEACON Initial Data

The BEACON trial is a randomized, open-label, parallel-arm trial enrolling up to 22 patients with EPP or XLP at trial sites in Australia. This trial was designed to assess changes in levels of PPIX, as well as measures of photosensitivity, quality of life, and safety and tolerability. Subjects are randomized to receive either 20 mg or 60 mg of bitopertin once-daily for 24 weeks, after which patients have the option of continuing in an open-label extension of the trial for up to an additional 24 weeks. The trial is ongoing and these data reflect initial data from 15 subjects enrolled as of the data cutoff of May 8, 2023, with a range of treatment durations from 18 days to 6 months. The data cutoff for PPIX data was April 7, 2023.

Highlights of the initial data presented:

•

PPIX levels: Significant, consistent, dose-dependent, and sustained reductions of whole-blood, metal-free PPIX; mean reduction of >40% when compared to baseline

•

Measures of light tolerance (individual) from two participants with the longest follow-up demonstrated substantial increases in sunlight tolerance as measured by time in sunlight without experiencing a prodrome (initial symptoms that signal a pain attack), or “sunlight challenge”:

•

A participant on 20 mg bitopertin reported a >80-fold increase in sunlight tolerance on day 88 of treatment, increasing from 4.5 minutes at baseline to over 6 hours; the participant did not report a prodrome during any sunlight challenge after Day 20

•

A participant on 60 mg bitopertin reported a >200-fold increase in sunlight tolerance on day 74 of treatment, increasing from 1.25 minutes at baseline to over 4 hours, and did not report a prodrome during any sunlight challenge after Day 120

S-2

•

Measures of light tolerance (aggregated across participants from whom data was available in the trial):

•

Average weekly total time spent in sunlight: increased from 344 minutes (approximately 49 minutes per day) to 1,200 minutes at Week 24

•

Time to prodrome during sunlight challenge (averaged over a two-week period): increased >7-fold, from 25 minutes at baseline to 182 minutes at Week 24

•

Increased proportion of days without symptoms: 75% vs. 25% (baseline)

•

Increased proportion of sunlight challenges without prodromes: 50% vs. 0% (baseline)

•

Phototoxic reactions: 96% reduction in patient-reported phototoxic reactions while on treatment compared to baseline (n=15)

The figure below illustrates our aggregated light tolerance data:

LOGO

•

Measures of patient quality of life

•

Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC): All 10 patients that had completed a day 43 visit reported their disease was much better (n=8) or a little better (n=2) in the last 7 days

•

Patient Global Impression of Severity (PGIS): Nine out of 10 patients that had completed a day 43 visit reported their EPP was mild (n=3) or not at all severe (n=6)

•

EPP Impact Questionnaire (EPIQ): For patients whose most recent data was Day 43, 4/8 patients reported an improvement in the impact of EPP on quality of life and 4/8 reported no change in the impact of EPP on quality of life. For patients whose most recent data was after Day 43, 2/2 reported marked improvement in the impact of EPP on quality of life, reporting no impact of EPP on quality of life.

•

Bitopertin was well-tolerated at both dose levels with no reported serious adverse events, no reported discontinuations or dose reductions, no reported adverse events greater than Grade 1, and no meaningful changes observed in mean hemoglobin levels.

S-3

CORPORATE HISTORY AND INFORMATION

Disc Medicine, Inc. was originally incorporated under the laws of the state of Delaware in October 2017, and changed its name to Disc Medicine Opco, Inc., or Disc Opco, in December 2022. On December 29, 2022, we completed our business combination with Gemini Therapeutics, Inc., or Gemini, in accordance with the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of August 9, 2022, or the Merger Agreement, by and among Gemini, us and Gemstone Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Gemini, Merger Sub, pursuant to which, among other matters, Merger Sub merged with and into Disc Opco, with Disc Opco continuing as a wholly owned subsidiary of us and the surviving corporation of the merger, or the Merger. In connection with the closing of the Merger, Gemini changed its name to Disc Medicine, Inc.

Our principal executive offices are located at 321 Arsenal Street, Suite 101, Watertown, MA 02472, and our telephone number is (617) 674-9274. We maintain an Internet website at the following address: www.discmedicine.com. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, and you should not consider any information on, or that can be accessed from, our website as part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.

IMPLICATIONS OF BEING AN EMERGING GROWTH COMPANY AND A SMALLER REPORTING COMPANY

We are an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act and may remain an emerging growth company until December 31, 2025, or until such earlier time as we have more than $1.235 billion in annual revenue, we become a “large accelerated filer” under SEC rules, or we issue more than $1 billion of non-convertible debt over a three-year period. The JOBS Act contains provisions that, among other things, reduce certain reporting requirements for an “emerging growth company.” For so long as we remain an emerging growth company, we are permitted and plan to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. These exemptions include being permitted to only disclose two years of audited financial statements in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements with correspondingly reduced “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” disclosure. We have taken advantage of certain reduced reporting requirements in this prospectus supplement. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different than the information you receive from other public companies in which you hold stock.

We are also a “smaller reporting company,” meaning that the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $700 million and our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company if either (i) the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates is less than $250 million or (ii) our annual revenue was less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and the market value of our stock held by non-affiliates was less than $700 million. If we are a smaller reporting company at the time we cease to be an emerging growth company, we may continue to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure requirements that are available to smaller reporting companies. For so long as we remain a smaller reporting company, we are permitted and intend to rely on exemptions from certain disclosure and other requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not applicable to a smaller reporting company.

S-4

THE OFFERING


Common stock offered by us		shares.

Pre-funded warrants offered by us		We are also offering, in lieu of common stock to certain investors that so choose, pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of our common stock. Each pre-funded warrant is exercisable for one share of our common stock. The purchase price of each pre-funded warrant will equal the price per share at which shares of common stock are being sold to the public in this offering, less $0.0001, which is the exercise price of each pre-funded warrant. The pre-funded warrants do not expire, and each pre-funded warrant will be exercisable at any time after the date of issuance, subject to an ownership limitation and in some cases clearance under the HSR Act. See “Description of Pre-Funded Warrants.” This prospectus supplement also relates to the offering of the shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants.

Underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares		We have granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to an additional shares of our common stock from us, at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions, for a period of 30 days after the date of this prospectus supplement.

Common stock to be outstanding immediately after this offering		shares (or shares, if the underwriters exercise their option in full to purchase additional shares), in each case assuming no exercise of any pre-funded warrants offered and sold by us.

Use of proceeds		We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering together with our existing cash and cash equivalents, to fund research and clinical development of our current or additional product candidates, and the remainder for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to in-license, acquire or invest in complementary businesses or technologies to continue to build our pipeline, research and development capabilities and our intellectual property position. See “Use of Proceeds” on page S-13 of this prospectus supplement.

S-5


Risk factors		Your investment involves a high degree of risk. You should read the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus supplement beginning on page S-7 and in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, as well as the other documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus for a discussion of factors to consider carefully before deciding to invest in our securities.

Nasdaq Global Market symbol		“IRON.” We do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants on the Nasdaq Global Market or any other national securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system.

The number of shares of our common stock that will be outstanding immediately after this offering as shown above is based on 19,575,242 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023. The number of shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023 as used throughout this prospectus supplement, unless otherwise indicated, excludes:

•

2,527,513 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding as of March 31, 2023, at a weighted average exercise price of $14.17 per share;

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84,297 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options granted subsequent to March 31, 2023, at a weighted average exercise price of $37.92 per share;

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958 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock awards outstanding at March 31, 2023;

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1,741,904 shares of common stock available for issuance under our Amended and Restated 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan as of March 31, 2023;

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222,953 shares of common stock available for future issuance under our Amended and Restated 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of March 31, 2023; and

•

1,229,224 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of pre-funded warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

Except as otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus supplement:

•

assumes no exercise of the outstanding stock options or pre-funded warrants described above;

•

assumes no exercise by the underwriters of their option to purchase additional shares of our common stock;

•

assumes no exercise of the pre-funded warrants that we are offering in this offering in lieu of common stock to certain investors; and

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does not reflect the potential issuance of up to approximately $80.0 million of common stock that remain available for sale as of the date of this prospectus supplement under our Sales Agreement with SVB Securities LLC, dated January 25, 2023.

S-6

RISK FACTORS

Your investment in our common stock or pre-funded warrants involves a high degree of risk. Before deciding whether to invest in our common stock or pre-funded warrants, you should carefully consider the risks discussed under the section captioned “Risk factors” contained in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023 which is incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus in its entirety, together with other information in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and in our other filings with the SEC that we have incorporated by reference herein and therein. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flow could be seriously harmed. This could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline, resulting in a loss of all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to this Offering

If you purchase shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants sold in this offering, you will experience immediate and substantial dilution. In addition, we may issue additional equity or convertible securities in the future, which may result in additional dilution to you.

Since the price per share of our common stock being offered is higher than the net tangible book value per share of our common stock, you will suffer dilution with respect to the net tangible book value of the shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants you purchase in this offering. Based on the public offering price of $ per share of our common stock and $ per pre-funded warrant and our net tangible book value as of March 31, 2023, if you purchase shares of common stock or pre-funded warrants in this offering, you will suffer immediate dilution of $ per share with respect to the net tangible book value of the common stock. For a more detailed discussion of the foregoing, see the section entitled “Dilution” below. To the extent outstanding stock options or pre-funded warrants are exercised, or restricted stock units vest and settle, there will be further dilution to investors. In addition, to the extent we need to raise additional capital in the future, under our Sales Agreement with SVB Securities LLC or otherwise, and we issue additional shares of common stock or securities convertible or exchangeable for our common stock, our then existing stockholders may experience dilution and the new securities may have rights senior to those of our common stock offered in this offering.

We have broad discretion in the use of the net proceeds from this offering and may use them in ways that you and other stockholders may not approve.

We currently expect to use the net proceeds of this offering to fund research and clinical development of our current or additional product candidates, and the remainder for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to in-license, acquire or invest in complementary businesses or technologies to continue to build our pipeline, research and development capabilities and our intellectual property position. Because of the number and variability of factors that will determine our use of the net proceeds from this offering, their ultimate use may vary substantially from their currently intended use. Our management will have broad discretion in the application of the net proceeds from this offering and you will not have the opportunity as part of your investment decision to assess whether the net proceeds are being used appropriately. Our management might not spend the net proceeds in ways that improve our results of operations or enhance the value of our common stock. The failure by our management to apply these funds effectively could result in financial losses that could have a material adverse effect on our business, cause the price of our common stock to decline and delay the development of our product candidates. Pending their use, we may invest the net proceeds from this offering in a manner that does not produce income or that loses value. See “Use of Proceeds.”

You may experience future dilution as a result of future equity offerings.

To raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock at prices that may not be the same as the price

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per share in this offering. We may sell shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is less than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors purchasing shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing stockholders. The price per share at which we sell additional shares of our common stock, or securities convertible or exchangeable into common stock, in future transactions may be higher or lower than the price per share paid by investors in this offering. Further, the exercise of pre-funded warrants sold in this offering will result in further dilution to the holders of our common stock.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market after this offering could cause our stock price to fall.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market could occur at any time. If our stockholders sell, or the market perceives that our stockholders intend to sell, substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, the market price of our common stock could decline significantly. We had 19,575,242 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2023. We filed a registration statement on Form S-3 (Registration No. 333-269272) that was declared effective by the SEC on January 24, 2023, and which registers the offer and sale from time to time of up to $300,000,000 of a variety of securities, including common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants or units pursuant to one or more offerings at prices and terms to be determined at the time of sale. To the extent shares are sold into the market pursuant to this registration statement on Form S-3, under Rule 144 of the Securities Act or otherwise, particularly in substantial quantities, the market price of our common stock could decline.

We cannot predict what effect, if any, sales of our shares in the public market or the availability of shares for sale will have on the market price of our common stock. However, future sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market, including shares issued upon exercise of outstanding options or pre-funded warrants, or the perception that such sales may occur, could adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

We may raise money through additional public or private offerings of our equity securities or equity-linked securities. For example, in January 2023, we entered into the Sales Agreement pursuant to which we may offer and sell, from time to time to or through SVB Securities LLC, acting as our sales agent, shares of common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $100.0 million. As of the date of this prospectus supplement, we may issue and sell shares of our common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to approximately $80.0 million under our “at-the-market” offering program. Any sales of our equity or equity-linked securities could have a material adverse effect on the market price of our common stock.

In connection with this offering, we and our directors, executive officers and certain of our stockholders have entered into lock-up agreements covering some or all of their equity ownership for a period of 90 days following this offering. The lock-up agreements are subject to various exceptions, and we and our directors and executive officers may be released from the lock-up agreements prior to the expiration of the lock-up period at the sole discretion of Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, SVB Securities LLC, Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated and BMO Capital Markets Corp. See the section entitled “Underwriters.” Upon expiration or earlier release of the lock-up agreements, we and our directors and executive officers may sell previously locked-up shares into the market, which could adversely affect the market price of shares of our common stock.

We also expect that significant additional capital may be needed in the future to continue our planned operations. To raise capital, we may sell common stock, convertible securities or other equity securities in one or more transactions at prices and in a manner we determine from time to time. These sales, or the perception in the market that the holders of a large number of shares intend to sell shares, could reduce the market price of our common stock.

In addition, we have a significant number of stock options outstanding and our board of directors intends to grant additional stock options, and may also choose to issue additional common stock, or securities convertible

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into or exchangeable for common stock, in the future in connection with a financing, an acquisition, employee arrangements or otherwise. In the event that the outstanding options are exercised or that we make additional issuances of common stock or other convertible or exchangeable securities, you could experience additional dilution. Furthermore, we cannot assure you that we will be able to issue shares or other securities in any other offering at a price per share that is equal to or greater than the price per share paid by investors in this offering, and investors purchasing our securities in the future may have rights superior to investors purchasing shares in this offering.

The trading price of the shares of our common stock could be highly volatile, and purchasers of our common stock could incur substantial losses.

The volatility of our common stock may affect the price at which you could sell the shares of our common stock, and the sale of substantial amounts of our common stock could adversely affect the price of our common stock. Our stock price is likely to continue to be volatile and subject to significant price and volume fluctuations in response to market and other factors, including those described in the sections captioned “Risk factors” in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein.

As a result, you may not be able to sell your shares of common stock at or above the price at which you purchase them. In addition, the stock market in general, and the Nasdaq Global Market and the stock of biotechnology and emerging pharmaceutical companies in particular, have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.

The stock market in general and the market for pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies in particular have experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. The market price for our common stock may be influenced by many factors, including:

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the issuance of new equity securities pursuant to a future offering, including issuances of preferred stock;

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changes in interest rates;

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our ability to develop our product candidates;

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competitive developments, including announcements by competitors of new products or services or significant contracts, acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, or capital commitments;

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variations in quarterly operating results or those of companies that are perceived to be similar to us;

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the depth and liquidity of the market for our common stock;

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investor perceptions of our company and the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries generally;

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the degree of success of competitive products or technologies;

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results of clinical trials and preclinical studies, of our product candidates or those of our competitors;

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regulatory or legal developments in the U.S. and other countries;

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receipt of, or failure to obtain, regulatory approvals;

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developments or disputes concerning patent applications, issued patents, or other proprietary rights;

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the recruitment or departure of key personnel;

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the success of our corporate strategy and goals;

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the level of expenses related to our product candidates;

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the results of our efforts to discover, develop, acquire, or in-license additional technologies or product candidates;

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actual or anticipated changes in estimates as to financial results, development timelines, or recommendations by securities analysts;

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rumors or announcements regarding transactions involving our company or our product candidates;

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market conditions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors;

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general economic, industry, and market conditions and other national conditions; and

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the other factors described in this “Risk factors” section.

There is no public market for the pre-funded warrants being offered in this offering.

There is no public trading market for the pre-funded warrants being offered in this offering, and we do not expect a market to develop. In addition, we do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants on the Nasdaq Global Market or any other national securities exchange or nationally recognized trading system. Without an active trading market, the liquidity of the pre-funded warrants will be limited.

We will not receive a significant amount or any additional funds upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants.

Each pre-funded warrant is exercisable for $0.0001 per share of common stock underlying such pre-funded warrant, which may be paid by way of a cashless exercise, in which the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the pre-funded warrant. Accordingly, we will not receive a significant amount of additional funds (if any) upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants.

Except for the right to participate in certain dividends and distributions, holders of the pre-funded warrants will have no rights as stockholders until such holders exercise their pre-funded warrants and acquire shares of our common stock.

Until holders of the pre-funded warrants exercise their pre-funded warrants and acquire shares of our common stock, such holders will have no rights with respect to the shares of common stock underlying such pre-funded warrants, except that the holder of a pre-funded warrant shall be entitled to participate in certain distributions, including cash dividends, if any, to all holders of our common stock for no consideration, subject to certain ownership limitations and in some cases clearance under the HSR Act. Upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants, the holders will be entitled to exercise the rights of a holder of common stock only as to matters for which the record date occurs after the exercise date. See “Description of Pre-Funded Warrants—No Rights as a Stockholder.”

Significant holders or beneficial holders of our common stock may not be permitted to exercise pre-funded warrants that they hold.

A holder of a pre-funded warrant will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any pre-funded warrant which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the holder (together with its affiliates and other attribution parties, as defined under “Description of Pre-Funded Warrants—Exercise Limitations”) to exceed 24.99%, or if the purchaser elected prior to the issuance of pre-funded warrants to have the initial exercise limitation set at any of 4.99%, 9.99% or 19.99% of our outstanding common stock, such lower threshold, of the number of shares of our common stock that would be outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. However, subject to certain limitations, any holder may increase or decrease such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 24.99% upon at

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least 61 days’ prior notice from the holder to us. In addition, where a holder notifies us that a filing under the HSR Act is required, we may not effect the exercise of any portion of any pre-funded warrant, and a holder will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any pre-funded warrant, which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the holder (together with its attribution parties) to equal or exceed the HSR Threshold (as defined below), until the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act has expired. As a result, you may not be able to exercise your pre-funded warrants for shares of our common stock at a time when it would be financially beneficial for you to do so. In such circumstance you could seek to sell your pre-funded warrants to realize value, but you may be unable to do so in the absence of an established trading market for the pre-funded warrants.

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DIVIDEND POLICY

We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our capital stock. We currently plan to retain all of our future earnings, if any, to finance the operation, development and growth of our business. We do not expect to pay any cash dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future. Payment of future dividends, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, restrictions contained in current or future financing instruments, provisions of applicable law and other factors the board deems relevant. Our ability to pay dividends on our common stock may be restricted by the terms of any of our future indebtedness.

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We estimate that the net proceeds to us from the sale of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants to purchase shares of common stock that we are offering will be approximately $ million, or approximately $ million if the option to purchase additional shares is exercised in full by the underwriters, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. We will receive nominal proceeds, if any, from the exercise of the pre-funded warrants.

As of March 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $236.4 million. We currently intend to use the net proceeds from this offering, together with our existing cash and cash equivalents, to fund research and clinical development of our current or additional product candidates, and the remainder for working capital and other general corporate purposes. We may also use a portion of the net proceeds to in-license, acquire or invest in complementary businesses or technologies to continue to build our pipeline, research and development capabilities and our intellectual property position.

The expected use of net proceeds from this offering represents our intentions based upon our current plans and business conditions, which could change in the future as our plans and business conditions evolve. The amounts and timing of our actual expenditures may vary significantly depending on numerous factors, including the progress of our development, feedback from regulatory authorities, the status of and results from clinical trials, as well as any collaborations that we may enter into with third parties for our product candidates, and any unforeseen cash needs. As a result, our management will retain broad discretion over the allocation of the net proceeds from this offering. We may find it necessary or advisable to use the net proceeds from this offering for other purposes, and we will have broad discretion in the application of net proceeds. Pending use of the proceeds as described above, we intend to invest the proceeds in a variety of capital preservation instruments, including high quality, investment grade instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government, or may hold such proceeds as cash, until they are used for their stated purpose.

After the completion of this offering, assuming net proceeds to us, after deducting estimated offering expenses payable by us, of approximately $ million, we expect that our cash and cash equivalents, will be sufficient to fund our current operating and capital expenditure plans into . Without the proceeds of this offering, we anticipate that our existing cash and cash equivalents will be sufficient to fund our operating and capital expenditure plans into 2025. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including those discussed in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023.

We do not expect that our existing cash and cash equivalents and anticipated net proceeds from this offering alone will be sufficient to enable us to fund the completion of the development of any of our product candidates. We have based our estimates on assumptions that may prove to be wrong. In addition, we could use our available capital resources sooner than we currently expect, in which case we would need to obtain additional funding, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. See the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus supplement and the documents incorporated by reference for a discussion of the risks affecting our business that could have an adverse effect on our available capital resources.

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DILUTION

If you purchase shares of our common stock or pre-funded warrants in this offering, your ownership interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the price per share of our common stock or pre-funded warrant you pay in this offering and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock immediately after this offering.

Our net tangible book value as of March 31, 2023 was approximately $228.2 million, or $11.66 per share of common stock, based upon 19,575,242 shares outstanding as of that date. Net tangible book value per share is equal to our total tangible assets, less our total liabilities, divided by the total number of shares outstanding.

After giving effect to our issuance and sale of shares of our common stock and pre-funded warrants at the public offering price of $ per share and $ per pre-funded warrant (which equals the $ per share price at which shares of our common stock are being sold to the public in this offering, less the $0.0001 per share exercise price of each such pre-funded warrant) (excluding shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants, any proceeds which may be received upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants or any resulting accounting associated with the exercise of the pre-funded warrants), after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us, our adjusted net tangible book value as of March 31, 2023 would have been $ million, or $ per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $ per share to our existing stockholders, and an immediate dilution of $ per share to investors purchasing shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants in the offering. Dilution per share to investors purchasing securities in this offering is determined by subtracting as adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering from the public offering price per share of common stock (or pre-funded warrant) paid by investors.

The following table illustrates this calculation on a per share basis, assuming the underwriters do not exercise their option to purchase additional shares of common stock:


Public offering price per share			$
Historical net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2023	$	11.66
Increase in as adjusted net tangible book value per share attributable to investors purchasing shares or pre-funded warrants in this offering

As adjusted net tangible book value per share as of March 31, 2023 after giving effect to this offering

Dilution in as adjusted net tangible book value per share to investors in this offering			$

If holders of pre-funded warrants exercise the pre-funded warrants offered hereby, the as adjusted net tangible book value per share of our common stock after giving effect to this offering would be $ per share, and the dilution in net tangible book value per share to investors purchasing common stock in this offering would be $ per share.

If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase shares of common stock in full, the as adjusted net tangible book value after this offering would be $ per share, representing an increase in net tangible book value of $ per share to existing stockholders and immediate dilution in net tangible book value of $ per share to investors purchasing our common stock in this offering at the public offering price.

The foregoing tables and calculations are based on 19,575,242 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2023, and excludes:

•

2,527,513 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options outstanding as of March 31, 2023, at a weighted average exercise price of $14.17 per share;

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•

84,297 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options granted subsequent to March 31, 2023, at a weighted average exercise price of $37.92;

•

958 shares of common stock issuable upon the vesting of restricted stock awards outstanding at March 31, 2023;

•

1,741,904 shares of common stock available for issuance under our Amended and Restated 2021 Stock Option and Incentive Plan as of March 31, 2023;

•

222,953 shares of common stock available for future issuance under our Amended and Restated 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of March 31, 2023; and

•

1,229,224 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of pre-funded warrants outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

To the extent that outstanding options or pre-funded warrants are exercised, new options or other securities are issued under our equity incentive plans or we issue additional shares of common stock in the future, there will be further dilution to investors participating in this offering. In addition, we may choose to raise additional capital because of market conditions or strategic considerations, even if we believe that we have sufficient funds for our current or future operating plans. If we raise additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the issuance of these securities could result in further dilution to our stockholders.

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DESCRIPTION OF PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS

The following is a brief summary of certain terms and conditions of the pre-funded warrants being offered by this prospectus supplement. The following description is subject in all respects to the provisions contained in the pre-funded warrants.

Form

The pre-funded warrants will be issued as individual warrant agreements to the investors. The form of pre-funded warrant will be filed as an exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K that we expect to file with the SEC in connection with this offering.

Term

The pre-funded warrants do not expire.

Exercisability

Subject to certain limitations described below in “—Exercise Limitations,” the pre-funded warrants are exercisable at any time after their original issuance. The pre-funded warrants will be exercisable, at the option of each holder, in whole or in part by delivering to us a duly executed exercise notice and by payment in full of the exercise price in immediately available funds for the number of shares of common stock purchased upon such exercise. As an alternative to payment in immediately available funds, the holder may elect to exercise the pre-funded warrant through a cashless exercise, in which the holder would receive upon such exercise the net number of shares of common stock determined according to the formula set forth in the pre-funded warrant. No fractional shares of common stock will be issued in connection with the exercise of a pre-funded warrant. In lieu of any fractional shares that would otherwise be issuable, we will pay in cash to an exercising holder the fair market value, determined according to the terms of the pre-funded warrant, for any such fractional shares.

Exercise Limitations

Under the pre-funded warrants, we may not effect the exercise of any portion of any pre-funded warrant, and a holder will not be entitled to exercise any portion of any pre-funded warrant, which, upon giving effect to such exercise, would cause the aggregate number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the holder (together with its attribution parties (as defined below)) to exceed 24.99% of the number of shares of our common stock that would be outstanding immediately after giving effect to the exercise. Purchasers in this offering may also elect prior to the issuance of pre-funded warrants to have the initial exercise limitation set at any of 4.99%, 9.99% or 19.99% of our outstanding common stock. However, any holder may increase or decrease such percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 24.99%, which increase or decrease shall not become effective until 61 days after notice from the holder to us. Notwithstanding the prior sentence, purchasers in this offering that select an exercise limitation of 19.99% or less will only be allowed to increase the exercise limitation above 19.99% if such increase would not result in a change of control under Nasdaq rules. For purposes of the foregoing, “attribution parties” means, collectively, the following persons and entities with respect to any holder: (i) its direct or indirect affiliates, (ii) any person acting or who could be deemed to be acting as a Section 13(d) “group” together with the holder or any attribution parties and (iii) any other persons whose beneficial ownership of our common stock would or could be aggregated with the holder and/or any other attribution parties for purposes of Section 13(d) or Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

In addition, if the exercise of a pre-funded warrant would result in a holder of pre-funded warrants (together with its attribution parties) acquiring beneficial ownership of our common stock (together with all other equity owned by such holder at such time) equal to or in excess of the notification threshold applicable to the holder under the HSR Act as of the date of delivery of the applicable exercise notice, which we refer to as the HSR Threshold, and no exemption to filing a notice and report form under the HSR Act is applicable, then only such

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portion of the pre-funded warrants held by such holder, which when exercised does not exceed the HSR Threshold, shall be exercisable and the applicable exercise notice shall be deemed to relate only to such portion of the pre-funded warrants, and the remaining portion of the pre-funded warrants in excess of the HSR Threshold shall not be exercisable until the expiration or early termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act or receipt of applicable approval. For certain holders of pre-funded warrants, upon expiration or early termination of the applicable waiting period under the HSR Act or receipt of applicable approval, such holder shall no longer be subject to any of the limitations on exercise described in this section.

Exercise Price

The exercise price per whole share of our common stock purchasable upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants is $0.0001 per share of common stock. The exercise price of the pre-funded warrants and the number of shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants is subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting our common stock.

Charges, Taxes and Expenses

Issuance and delivery of shares of common stock upon exercise of a pre-funded warrant will be made without charge to the holder thereof for any issue or transfer tax, transfer agent fee or other incidental tax or expense (excluding any applicable stamp duties) in respect of the issuance thereof, all of which taxes and expenses shall be paid by us. However, we are not required to pay any tax that may be payable in respect of any transfer involved in the registration of any warrant shares or pre-funded warrants in a name other than that of the holder or an affiliate thereof. The holder shall be responsible for all other tax liability that may arise as a result of holding or transferring its pre-funded warrants or receiving shares upon exercise thereof.

Transferability

Subject to applicable laws, the pre-funded warrants may be assigned by the holder without our consent. The ownership of the pre-funded warrants and any transfers of the pre-funded warrants will be registered in a warrant register maintained by the warrant agent. We will initially act as warrant agent.

Exchange Listing

We do not plan on applying to list the pre-funded warrants on the Nasdaq Global Market, any other national securities exchange or any other nationally recognized trading system.

Fundamental Transactions

In the event of a “fundamental transaction” (as described in the pre-funded warrants and generally including but not limited to certain reclassifications of our common stock, the sale, transfer or other disposition of all or substantially all of our properties or assets, our consolidation or merger with or into another person, the tender and acceptance for payment of shares representing more than 50% of the voting power of our capital stock pursuant to any tender or exchange offer (whether by us or another person), the acquisition by another person of more than 50% of the voting power of our capital stock pursuant to a stock purchase agreement or other business combination, including a reorganization, recapitalization or spin-off (except for any such transaction in which our stockholders immediately prior to such transaction maintain, in substantially the same proportions, voting power of us immediately after the transaction), upon consummation of such a fundamental transaction, the holders of the pre-funded warrants will be entitled to receive upon exercise of the pre-funded warrants the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the pre-funded warrants in full immediately prior to such fundamental transaction without regard to any limitations on exercise contained in the pre-funded warrants.

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No Rights as a Stockholder

Except by virtue of such holder’s ownership of shares of our common stock, the holder of a pre-funded warrant does not have the rights or privileges of a holder of our common stock, including any voting rights, until the holder exercises the pre-funded warrant. In the event of certain distributions, including cash dividends, if any, to all holders of our common stock for no consideration, the holder of a pre-funded warrant shall be entitled to participate in such distributions to the same extent as if such holder held the number of shares of our common stock acquirable upon complete exercise of its pre-funded warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise). If such distribution would result in such holder and the other attribution parties exceeding the exercise limitations described above, a portion of such distribution shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of such holder until such time as the ownership limitations would not be exceeded.

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MATERIAL U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES FOR INVESTORS IN COMMON STOCK AND PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS

The following summary describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our common stock and pre-funded warrants acquired in this offering. This discussion does not address all aspects of U.S. federal income taxes, does not discuss the potential application of the alternative minimum tax or Medicare Contribution tax and does not deal with state or local taxes, U.S. federal gift and estate tax laws or any non-U.S. tax consequences that may be relevant to investors in light of their particular circumstances.

Special rules different from those described below may apply to certain investors that are subject to special treatment under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, such as:

•

insurance companies, banks and other financial institutions;

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tax-exempt organizations (including private foundations) and tax-qualified retirement plans;

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foreign governments and international organizations;

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broker-dealers and traders in securities;

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U.S. expatriates and former citizens or long-term residents of the United States;

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Non-U.S. Holders (as defined below) that own, or are deemed to own, more than 5% of our common stock (directly, indirectly or by attribution) or more than 5% of our pre-funded warrants;

•

persons required for U.S. federal income tax purposes to conform the timing of income accruals to their financial statements under Section 451(b) of the Code;

•

“controlled foreign corporations,” “passive foreign investment companies” and corporations that accumulate earnings to avoid U.S. federal income tax;

•

persons that hold our common stock or pre-funded warrants as part of a “straddle,” “hedge,” “conversion transaction,” “synthetic security” or integrated investment or other risk reduction strategy;

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U.S. Holders (as defined below) whose functional currency for U.S. tax purposes is not the U.S. dollar;

•

persons who do not hold our common stock or pre-funded warrants as “capital assets” within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code (generally, for investment purposes); and

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partnerships and other pass-through entities, and investors in such pass-through entities (regardless of their places of organization or formation).

Such investors are urged to consult their own tax advisors to determine the U.S. federal, state, local and other tax consequences that may be relevant to them.

Furthermore, the discussion below is based upon the provisions of the Code, and Treasury regulations, rulings and judicial decisions thereunder as of the date hereof, and such authorities may be repealed, revoked or modified, possibly retroactively, and are subject to differing interpretations which could result in U.S. federal income tax consequences different from those discussed below. We have not requested a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or the IRS, with respect to the statements made and the conclusions reached in the following summary, and there can be no assurance that the IRS will agree with such statements and conclusions or will not take a contrary position regarding the tax consequences described herein, or that any such contrary position would not be sustained by a court.

For the purposes of this discussion, a “U.S. Holder” means a beneficial owner of our common stock or pre-funded warrants, other than a partnership or other pass-through entity, that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (a) an individual citizen or resident of the United States, (b) a corporation (or other entity taxable as a

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corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes), created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia, (c) an estate the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (d) a trust if it (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and one or more ”United States persons” (within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person.

If you are an individual non-U.S. citizen, you may, in some cases, be deemed to be a resident alien (as opposed to a nonresident alien) by virtue of being present in the United States for at least 31 days in the calendar year and for an aggregate of at least 183 days during a three-year period ending in the current calendar year. Generally, for this purpose, all the days present in the current year, one-third of the days present in the immediately preceding year, and one-sixth of the days present in the second preceding year, are counted.

Resident aliens are generally subject to U.S. federal income tax as if they were U.S. citizens. Individuals who are uncertain of their status as resident or nonresident aliens for U.S. federal income tax purposes are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ownership or disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants.

PERSONS CONSIDERING THE PURCHASE OF OUR COMMON STOCK OR PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS PURSUANT TO THIS OFFERING SHOULD CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS CONCERNING THE U.S. FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES OF ACQUIRING, OWNING AND DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON STOCK AND PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS IN LIGHT OF THEIR PARTICULAR SITUATIONS AS WELL AS ANY CONSEQUENCES ARISING UNDER THE LAWS OF ANY OTHER TAXING JURISDICTION, INCLUDING ANY STATE, LOCAL OR NON-U.S. TAX CONSEQUENCES OR ANY U.S. FEDERAL NON-INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES, AND THE POSSIBLE APPLICATION OF TAX TREATIES.

Characterization of the Pre-Funded Warrants for Tax Purposes

Although the characterization of the pre-funded warrants for U.S. federal income tax purposes is not entirely clear, because the exercise price of the pre-funded warrants is a nominal amount, we expect to treat the pre-funded warrants as our common stock for U.S. federal income tax purposes and a holder of pre-funded warrants should generally be taxed in the same manner as a holder of common stock as described below. Accordingly, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, no gain or loss should be recognized upon the exercise of a pre-funded warrant, and upon exercise, the holding period of the share of common stock received should include the holding period of the pre-funded warrant. Similarly, the tax basis of a share of common stock received upon exercise of a pre-funded warrant should include the tax basis of the pre-funded warrant increased by the exercise price of $0.0001 per share. The balance of this discussion generally assumes that the characterization described above is respected for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

Our position with respect to the characterization of pre-funded warrants is not binding on the IRS and the IRS may treat the pre-funded warrants as warrants to acquire our common stock and, if so, the amount and character of your gain with respect to an investment in our pre-funded warrants could change. You should consult your tax advisor regarding the characterization of pre-funded warrants for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and the consequences to you of an investment in the pre-funded warrants based on your own particular facts and circumstances.

Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders

Distributions on Common Stock and Pre-funded Warrants

As stated under “Dividend Policy,” we do not expect to make distributions on our common stock (or pre-funded warrants) in the foreseeable future. In the event that we do make distributions of cash or other

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property, distributions paid on common stock (or pre-funded warrants) will be treated as a dividend to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), and will be includible in your income as ordinary income when received. However, with respect to dividends received by individuals, such dividends are generally taxed at the lower applicable long-term capital gains rates, provided certain holding period requirements are satisfied. Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of a U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the common stock (or pre-funded warrant) and thereafter as capital gain from the sale or exchange of such common stock (or pre-funded warrant). The tax treatment of such gain is further described in “—Sale or Other Disposition of Common Stock or Pre-Funded Warrants” below. Dividends received by a corporation may be eligible for a dividends received deduction, subject to applicable limitations. Any such distributions will also be subject to the discussions below under the section titled “—Information Reporting and Backup Withholding.”

A U.S. Holder of a pre-funded warrant is expected to receive any distributions paid with respect to common stock prior to the exercise of the pre-funded warrant and, in such case, would be taxed in the same manner as a U.S. Holder of common stock that receives such a distribution. However, under certain circumstances, it is possible for cash to be held in abeyance for the U.S. Holder until a pre-funded warrant is exercised or the ownership limitations (described under “Description of Pre-Funded Warrants”) would not be exceeded, at which time such U.S. Holder shall be entitled to receive distributions. It is possible that such entitlement to distributions could cause the declaration of a distribution on our common stock to be currently taxable to U.S. Holders of pre-funded warrants, including under the principles governing Section 305 of the Code, even though the holders will not receive such distributions until a future date. Additionally, it is possible that other adjustments to the terms of the pre-funded warrant can be considered a constructive distribution under Section 305 of the Code. A holder of a pre-funded warrant should consult its tax advisor regarding the tax treatment of any distribution with respect to such pre-funded warrant that is held in abeyance in connection with any applicable limitation on the holder’s beneficial ownership of our common stock.

Sale or Other Disposition of Common Stock or Pre-Funded Warrants

For U.S. federal income tax purposes, gain or loss realized on the sale or other disposition of common stock or pre-funded warrants will be capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if you have held the common stock or pre-funded warrants for more than one year. The amount of the gain or loss will equal the difference between your tax basis in the common stock or pre-funded warrants disposed of and the amount realized on the disposition. Long-term capital gains recognized by non-corporate U.S. Holders will be subject to reduced tax rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Information reporting requirements generally will apply to any payments of dividends on our common stock and pre-funded warrants, constructive dividends on our pre-funded warrants, and gross proceeds on the sale or other disposition of our common stock and pre-funded warrants, unless the U.S. Holder is an exempt recipient (such as a corporation). Backup withholding (currently at a 24% rate) will apply to those payments if the U.S. Holder fails to provide its correct taxpayer identification number, or certification of exempt status, or if the U.S. Holder is notified by the IRS that it has failed to report in full payments of interest and dividend income. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowed as a refund or a credit against a U.S. Holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability provided the required information is furnished timely to the IRS.

Tax Consequences to Non-U.S. Holders

For purposes of this discussion, a Non-U.S. Holder is a beneficial owner of our common stock or pre-funded warrants that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is (i) a foreign corporation, (ii) a nonresident alien individual, or (iii) a foreign estate or trust that in each case is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net-income basis on income or gain from common stock or pre-funded warrants. If you are not a Non-U.S. Holder, this section does not apply to you.

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Distributions on Common Stock and Pre-funded Warrants

As stated under “Dividend Policy,” we do not expect to make any distributions on our common stock (or pre-funded warrants) in the foreseeable future. If we do make distributions on our common stock (or pre-funded warrants), however, such distributions made to a Non-U.S. Holder will constitute dividends for U.S. tax purposes to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). Distributions in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will constitute a return of capital that is applied against and reduces, but not below zero, a Non-U.S. Holder’s adjusted tax basis in our common stock (or pre-funded warrants). Any remaining excess will be treated as gain realized as described below under the section titled “—Sale or Other Disposition of Common Stock and Pre-Funded Warrants.”

Any distribution on our common stock (or pre-funded warrants) that is treated as a dividend paid to a Non-U.S. Holder that is not effectively connected with the holder’s conduct of a trade or business in the United States will generally be subject to withholding tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and the Non-U.S. Holder’s country of residence. To obtain a reduced rate of withholding under a treaty, a Non-U.S. Holder generally will be required to provide the applicable withholding agent with a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN, IRS Form W-8BEN-E or other appropriate form, certifying the Non-U.S. Holder’s entitlement to benefits under that treaty. Such form must be provided prior to the payment of dividends and must be updated periodically. If a Non-U.S. Holder holds stock through a financial institution or other agent acting on the holder’s behalf, the holder will be required to provide appropriate documentation to such agent. The holder’s agent may then be required to provide certification to the applicable withholding agent, either directly or through other intermediaries. If you are eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. withholding tax under an income tax treaty, you should consult with your own tax advisor to determine if you are able to obtain a refund or credit of any excess amounts withheld by timely filing an appropriate claim with the IRS.

We generally are not required to withhold tax on dividends paid (or constructive dividends deemed paid) to a Non-U.S. Holder that are effectively connected with the holder’s conduct of a trade or business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, are attributable to a permanent establishment that the holder maintains in the United States) if a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI, stating that the dividends are so connected, is furnished to us (or, if shares of our common stock are held through a financial institution or other agent, to the applicable withholding agent). In general, such effectively connected dividends will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at the regular graduated rates applicable to U.S. persons, unless a specific treaty exemption applies. A corporate Non-U.S. Holder receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to an additional “branch profits tax,” which is imposed, under certain circumstances, at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable treaty) on the corporate Non-U.S. Holder’s effectively connected earnings and profits, subject to certain adjustments.

A Non-U.S. Holder of a pre-funded warrant is expected to receive any distributions paid with respect to common stock prior to the exercise of the pre-funded warrant and, in such case, would be taxed in the same manner as Non-U.S. Holder of common stock that receives such a distribution. However, under certain circumstances, it is possible for cash to be held in abeyance for a Non-U.S. Holder until a pre-funded warrant is exercised or the ownership limitations (described under “Description of Pre-Funded Warrants”) would not be exceeded, at which time the Non-U.S. Holder shall be entitled to receive distributions. It is possible that such entitlement to distributions could cause the declaration of a distribution on our common stock to be currently taxable to Non-U.S. Holders of pre-funded warrants, including under the principles governing Section 305 of the Code, even though such holders will not receive the distributions until a future date. Additionally, it is possible that other adjustments to the terms of the pre-funded warrant can be considered a constructive distribution under Section 305 of the Code. A holder of a pre-funded warrant should consult its tax advisor regarding the tax treatment of any distribution with respect to such pre-funded warrant that is held in abeyance in connection with any applicable limitation on the holder’s beneficial ownership of our common stock.

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See also the section below titled “—Foreign Accounts” for additional withholding rules that may apply to dividends paid to certain foreign financial institutions or non-financial foreign entities.

Sale or Other Disposition of Common Stock and Pre-Funded Warrants

Subject to the discussion below under the sections titled “—Information Reporting and Backup Withholding” and “—Foreign Accounts,” a Non-U.S. Holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax with respect to gain realized on a sale or other disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants unless (a) the gain is effectively connected with a trade or business of the holder in the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, is attributable to a permanent establishment that the holder maintains in the United States), (b) the Non-U.S. Holder is a nonresident alien individual and is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 or more days in the taxable year of the disposition and certain other conditions are met, or (c) we are or have been a “United States real property holding corporation” within the meaning of Code Section 897(c)(2), unless any class of our stock is regularly traded on an established securities market and the Non-U.S. Holder disposes of such class of stock and holds no more than 5% of such class of stock, directly or indirectly, actually or constructively, during the shorter of the 5-year period ending on the date of the disposition or the period that the Non-U.S. Holder held such class of stock.

If you are a Non-U.S. Holder described in (a) above, you will be required to pay tax on the net gain derived from the sale at the regular graduated U.S. federal income tax rates applicable to U.S. persons, unless a specific treaty exemption applies. Corporate Non-U.S. Holders described in (a) above may also be subject to the additional branch profits tax at a 30% rate or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty. If you are an individual Non-U.S. Holder described in (b) above, you will be required to pay a flat 30% tax on the gain derived from the sale, which gain may be offset by certain U.S. source capital losses (even though you are not considered a resident of the United States), provided you have timely filed U.S. federal income tax returns with respect to such losses. With respect to (c) above, in general, we would be a U.S. real property holding corporation if interests in U.S. real estate comprised (by fair market value) at least half of our worldwide real property interests plus our other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. We believe that we are not, and do not anticipate becoming, a U.S. real property holding corporation. However, there can be no assurance that we will not become a U.S. real property holding corporation in the future. Our pre-funded warrants are expected to constitute a class of stock for purposes of the rules described above. However, we do not expect our pre-funded warrants to be regularly traded on an established securities market for purposes of such rule.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Generally, we or certain financial middlemen must report information to the IRS with respect to any dividends we pay on our common stock or pre-funded warrants and any constructive dividends deemed paid on pre-funded warrants including the amount of any such dividends, the name and address of the recipient, and the amount, if any, of tax withheld. A similar report is sent to the holder to whom any such dividends are paid. Pursuant to tax treaties or certain other agreements, the IRS may make its reports available to tax authorities in the recipient’s country of residence.

Dividends paid by us (or our paying agents) to a Non-U.S. Holder may also be subject to U.S. backup withholding. U.S. backup withholding generally will not apply to a Non-U.S. Holder who provides a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E, as applicable, or otherwise establishes an exemption, provided that the applicable withholding agent does not have actual knowledge or reason to know the holder is a U.S. person.

Under current U.S. federal income tax law, U.S. information reporting and backup withholding requirements generally will apply to the proceeds of a disposition of our common stock or pre-funded warrants effected by or through a U.S. office of any broker, U.S. or non-U.S., unless the Non-U.S. Holder provides a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or IRS Form W-8BEN-E, as applicable, or otherwise meets documentary

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evidence requirements for establishing non-U.S. person status or otherwise establishes an exemption. Generally, U.S. information reporting and backup withholding requirements will not apply to a payment of disposition proceeds to a Non-U.S. Holder where the transaction is effected outside the United States through a non-U.S. office of a non-U.S. broker. Information reporting and backup withholding requirements may, however, apply to a payment of disposition proceeds if the broker has actual knowledge, or reason to know, that the holder is, in fact, a U.S. person. For information reporting purposes, certain brokers with substantial U.S. ownership or operations will generally be treated in a manner similar to U.S. brokers.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. If backup withholding is applied to you, you should consult with your own tax advisor to determine whether you have overpaid your U.S. federal income tax, and whether you are able to obtain a tax refund or credit of the overpaid amount.

Foreign Accounts

In addition to, and separately from the withholding rules described above, U.S. federal withholding taxes may apply under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act, or FATCA, on certain types of payments, including dividends to non-U.S. financial institutions and certain other non-U.S. entities. Specifically, a 30% withholding tax may be imposed on dividends paid in respect of our common stock or pre-funded warrants, constructive distributions deemed paid with respect to pre-funded warrants and the gross proceeds of the disposition on our common stock or pre-funded warrants paid to a “foreign financial institution” or a “non-financial foreign entity” (each as defined in the Code), unless (1) the foreign financial institution agrees to undertake certain diligence and reporting obligations, (2) the non-financial foreign entity either certifies it does not have any “substantial United States owners” (as defined in the Code) or furnishes identifying information regarding each substantial United States owner, or (3) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules. The 30% federal withholding tax described in this paragraph cannot be reduced under an income tax treaty with the United States. If the payee is a foreign financial institution and is subject to the diligence and reporting requirements in (1) above, it must enter into an agreement with the U.S. Department of the Treasury requiring, among other things, that it undertake to identify accounts held by certain “specified United States persons” or “United States-owned foreign entities” (each as defined in the Code), annually report certain information about such accounts, and withhold 30% on certain payments to non-compliant foreign financial institutions and certain other account holders. Foreign financial institutions located in jurisdictions that have an intergovernmental agreement with the United States governing FATCA may be subject to different rules.

The Treasury Secretary has issued proposed regulations providing that the withholding provisions under FATCA do not apply with respect to payment of gross proceeds from a sale or other disposition of our notes or common stock, which may be relied upon by taxpayers until final regulations are issued. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the potential application of withholding under FATCA to their investment in our common stock or pre-funded warrants.

EACH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT ITS OWN TAX ADVISOR REGARDING THE TAX CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, HOLDING AND DISPOSING OF OUR COMMON STOCK AND PRE-FUNDED WARRANTS, INCLUDING THE CONSEQUENCES OF ANY PROPOSED CHANGE IN APPLICABLE LAW, AS WELL AS TAX CONSEQUENCES ARISING UNDER ANY STATE, LOCAL, NON-U.S. OR U.S. FEDERAL NON-INCOME TAX LAWS SUCH AS ESTATE AND GIFT TAX.

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UNDERWRITERS

Under the terms and subject to the conditions in an underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus supplement, the underwriters named below, for whom Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC, SVB Securities LLC, Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated and BMO Capital Markets Corp. are acting as representatives, have severally agreed to purchase, and we have agreed to sell to them, severally, the number of shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants indicated below:


Name	Number of Shares of Common Stock	Number of Pre-Funded Warrants
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC
SVB Securities LLC
Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Incorporated
BMO Capital Markets Corp.
Wedbush Securities Inc.

Total:

The underwriters and the representatives are collectively referred to as the “underwriters” and the “representatives,” respectively. The underwriters are offering the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants subject to their acceptance of the shares from us and subject to prior sale. The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the several underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants offered by this prospectus supplement are subject to the approval of certain legal matters by their counsel and to certain other conditions precedent. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants offered by this prospectus supplement if any such shares and pre-funded warrants are taken. However, the underwriters are not required to take or pay for the shares of common stock, including the number of shares underlying the pre-funded warrants covered by the underwriters’ option described below.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, we and the representatives on behalf of the underwriters shall instruct purchasers of the pre-funded warrants in this offering to make payment for such pre-funded warrants on the closing date of this offering to us, in lieu of payment by the underwriters for such pre-funded warrants, and we shall deliver executed pre-funded warrants to such purchaser on the closing date of this offering against such payment, in lieu of our obligation to deliver such pre-funded warrants to the underwriters; provided that, upon receipt by us of payment for the pre-funded warrants, we shall promptly (but in no event later than the closing date of this offering), pay the underwriting fee referred to below to the underwriters. In the event that any purchaser of the pre-funded warrants in this offering fails to make payment to us for all or part of the pre-funded warrants on the closing date of this offering, the representatives on behalf of the underwriters may elect, by written notice to us, to receive shares of common stock in lieu of all or a portion of such pre-funded warrants to be delivered to the underwriters in connection with this offering.

The underwriters initially propose to offer part of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants directly to the public at the offering price listed on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and part to certain dealers at a price that represents a concession not in excess of $ per share of common stock and pre-funded warrants under the public offering price. After the initial offering of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants, the offering price and other selling terms may from time to time be varied by the representatives.

We have granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable for 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement, to purchase up to additional shares of common stock at the public offering price listed on the cover page of this prospectus supplement, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The number of shares subject to the underwriters’ option equals 15% of the total number of shares of common stock plus the number of shares underlying the pre-funded warrants. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter will

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become obligated, subject to certain conditions, to purchase about the same percentage of the additional shares of common stock as the number listed next to the underwriter’s name in the preceding table bears to the total number of shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants listed next to the names of all underwriters in the preceding table.

The following table shows the per share and pre-funded warrant total public offering price, underwriting discounts and commissions, and proceeds before expenses to us. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase up to an additional shares of common stock.

Total

Per
Share of
Common Stock

Per
Pre-Funded
Warrant

No
Exercise

Full
Exercise

Public offering price

Underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid by us:

Proceeds, before expenses, to us

The estimated offering expenses payable by us, exclusive of the underwriting discounts and commissions, are approximately $ . We have agreed to reimburse the underwriters for expenses relating to the qualification of the securities offered hereby under state securities laws and the clearance of this offering with the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority.

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the trading symbol “IRON”. We do not intend to list the pre-funded warrants on the Nasdaq Global Market, any other nationally recognized securities exchange or any other nationally recognized trading system.

We and all directors and officers and certain stockholders have agreed that, without the prior written consent of the representatives on behalf of the underwriters, we and they will not, and will not publicly disclose an intention to, during the period ending 90 days after the date of this prospectus supplement (the “restricted period”):

•

offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, lend or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of common stock subject to the lock-up agreement;

•

file any registration statement with the SEC relating to the offering of any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock; or

•

enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the common stock subject to the lock-up agreement;

whether any such transaction described above is to be settled by delivery of common stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. In addition, we and each such person agrees that, without the prior written consent of the representatives on behalf of the underwriters, we or such other person will not, during the restricted period, make any demand for, or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any shares of common stock subject to the lock-up agreement or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock.

In relation to us, the restrictions described above do not apply to:

(a) the shares to be sold under the underwriting agreement (including the shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of the pre-funded warrants):

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(b) the issuance by us of shares of common stock upon the exercise of an option or a warrant or the conversion of a security outstanding on the date of this prospectus supplement in the manner described in this prospectus supplement or the information incorporated by reference herein;

(c) transactions by any person other than us relating to shares of common stock or other securities acquired in open market transactions after the completion of the offering of the shares; provided that no filing under Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is required or voluntarily made in connection with subsequent sales of the common stock or other securities acquired in such open market transactions;

(d) the filing by us of registration statements on Form S-8 with respect to the employee benefit plans described in this prospectus supplement or the documents incorporated by reference herein;

(e) the issuance by us of shares of common stock or options to purchase shares of common stock to our employees, officers, directors, advisors or consultants pursuant to employee benefit plans described in this prospectus supplement or in the information incorporated by reference herein, provided that, prior to the issuance of any such shares or the grant of any such options to any director or executive officer elected or appointed following the date of this prospectus supplement and prior to the end of the Restricted Period, we shall cause each such recipient of such grant or issuance to execute and deliver a “lock-up” agreement; or

(e) the sale or issuance of or entry into an agreement to sell or issue shares of common stock in connection with our acquisition of one or more businesses, products, assets or technologies (whether by means of merger, stock purchase, asset purchase or otherwise) or in connection with joint ventures, collaboration or licensing agreements, marketing or distribution arrangements, commercial relationships or other strategic transactions; provided, that, the aggregate number of shares of our common stock that we may sell or issue or agree to sell or issue may not exceed 5% of the total number of shares of our common stock issued and outstanding immediately following the completion of the transactions contemplated by the underwriting agreement and provided further that we cause each recipient of such shares to execute and a lock up agreement;

(f) facilitating the establishment of a trading plan on behalf of a shareholder, officer or director pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act for the transfer of shares of common stock, provided that (i) such plan does not provide for the transfer of common stock during the restricted period and (ii) to the extent a public announcement or filing under the Exchange Act, if any, is required of or voluntarily made by us regarding the establishment of such plan, such announcement or filing shall include a statement to the effect that no transfer of common stock may be made under such plan during the restricted period;

In relation to our directors, executive officers and certain shareholders, the restrictions described above do not apply to:

(a) transactions relating to shares of common stock or other securities acquired in this offering or in open market transactions after the completion of this offering, provided that no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with subsequent sales of common stock or other securities acquired in this offering or in such open market transactions;

(b) transfers of shares of common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock as a bona fide gift or to a charitable organization or educational institution in a transfer not involving a disposition for value;

(c) transfers or dispositions of shares of common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock to any immediate family member or any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of any immediate family member in a transaction not involving a disposition for value:

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(d) distributions of shares of common stock or any security convertible into common stock to general or limited partners, members, beneficiaries or other equityholders, direct or indirect affiliates (as defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended) or to an investment fund or other entity that controls or manages, or is under common control with certain holders and their affiliates;

(e) transfers or dispositions of shares of common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock (i) by will, other testamentary document or intestate succession to the legal representative, heir, beneficiary or a member of their immediate family upon their death or (ii) by operation of law pursuant to orders of a court or regulatory agency, in connection with a negotiated divorce settlement or pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order;

(f) transfers or dispositions of shares of common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock to us pursuant to any contractual arrangement in effect on the date of this agreement and disclosed to the underwriters in writing that provides for the repurchase of common stock or other securities by us or in connection with the termination of employment with or service to us; provided that (i) the repurchase price for any such shares or securities shall not exceed the original purchase price (subject to appropriate adjustment in the event of any stock dividend, stock split, combination or other similar recapitalization) paid and (ii) any filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of common stock shall indicate by footnote disclosure or otherwise the nature of the transfer or disposition);

(g) transfers or dispositions of shares of common stock or other securities to us in connection with the conversion of any convertible security into, or the exercise of any option or warrant for, shares of common stock (including by way of “net” or “cashless” exercise solely to cover withholding tax obligations in connection with such exercise or transfer to us for the payment of taxes as a result of such exercise); provided that (i) such convertible security, option or warrant is described in the prospectus and is outstanding on the date thereof, (ii) any such shares of common stock received by the undersigned shall be subject to the terms of this agreement and (iii) no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of common stock, shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the restricted period, other than a filing on a Form 4 that reports such disposition under the transaction code “F,” in which case, the filing shall clearly indicate in the footnotes thereto or comments section thereof that the filing relates to the exercise of a stock option or warrant, as the case may be, that no shares of common stock were sold by the reporting person and that the shares of common stock received upon exercise of the stock option or warrant are subject to a lock-up agreement with the underwriters of the offering;

(h) the establishment of a trading plan on behalf of a stockholder, officer or director pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act for the transfer of shares of common stock, provided that (i) such plan does not provide for the transfer of common stock during the restricted period and (ii) to the extent a public announcement or filing under the Exchange Act, if any, is required of or voluntarily made by or on behalf of the undersigned or us regarding the establishment of such plan, such announcement or filing shall include a statement to the effect that no transfer of common stock may be made under such plan during the restricted period; or

(i) transfers of shares of common stock (or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock) pursuant to a bona fide third-party tender offer for shares of our capital stock made to all holders of our securities, merger, consolidation or other similar transaction approved by our board of directors and occurring after the closing of this offering, the result of which is that any person (as defined in Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act), or group of persons, other than us, becomes the beneficial owner (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 of the Exchange Act) of more than 50% of the total voting power of our voting stock; provided that in the event that such change of control transaction is not completed, the shares of common stock (or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock) owned by the stockholder, officer or director shall remain subject to the restrictions contained in the lock-up agreement and title to the such shares shall remain with the applicable stockholder, officer or director; or

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(j) the sale or transfer of shares of common stock pursuant to a written trading plan pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act that has been entered into prior to the date of the lock-up agreement; provided that no amendments or other modifications are made to such plans during the restricted period and that, to the extent a public announcement or filing under the Exchange Act, if any, is required or voluntarily made regarding such sales or transfers, such announcement or filing shall include a statement to the effect that the sale or transfer was made pursuant to a trading plan pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act;

provided that in the case of any transfer or distribution pursuant to clause (b), (c), (d) or (e), (i) each transferee, donee or distributee shall sign and deliver a lock-up agreement substantially in the form of the lock-up agreement signed by the transferor, donor or distributor and (ii) no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, reporting a reduction in beneficial ownership of shares of common stock, shall be required or shall be voluntarily made during the restricted period (other than, with respect to clause (e) only, any Form 4 or Form 5 required to be filed under the Exchange Act if the undersigned is subject to Section 16 reporting under the Exchange Act due to their relationship with us, in which case any such filing will indicate by footnote disclosure or otherwise the nature of the transfer or disposition).

The representatives, in their sole discretion, may release the common stock and other securities subject to the lock-up agreements described above in whole or in part at any time.

In order to facilitate the offering of the common stock, the underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the common stock. Specifically, the underwriters may sell more shares than they are obligated to purchase under the underwriting agreement, creating a short position. A short sale is covered if the short position is no greater than the number of shares available for purchase by the underwriters under the option. The underwriters can close out a covered short sale by exercising the option or purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source of shares to close out a covered short sale, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the open market price of shares compared to the price available under the option. The underwriters may also sell shares in excess of the option, creating a naked short position. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common stock in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. As an additional means of facilitating this offering, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, shares of common stock in the open market to stabilize the price of the common stock. These activities may raise or maintain the market price of the common stock above independent market levels or prevent or retard a decline in the market price of the common stock. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities and may end any of these activities at any time.

We and the underwriters have agreed to indemnify each other against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

A prospectus supplement in electronic format may be made available on websites maintained by one or more underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in this offering. The representatives may agree to allocate a number of shares of common stock to underwriters for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the representatives to underwriters that may make Internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations.

The underwriters and their respective affiliates are full service financial institutions engaged in various activities, which may include securities trading, commercial and investment banking, financial advisory, investment management, investment research, principal investment, hedging, financing and brokerage activities. Certain of the underwriters and their respective affiliates have, from time to time, performed, and may in the future perform, various financial advisory and investment banking services for us, for which they received or will receive customary fees and expenses. For example, we are party to a Sales Agreement with SVB Securities LLC, dated January 25, 2023, relating pursuant to which we may offer and sell shares of our common stock having an

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aggregate offering price of up to $100,000,000 from time to time through SVB Securities LLC, acting as our sales agent.

In addition, in the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investment and securities activities may involve our securities and instruments. The underwriters and their respective affiliates may also make investment recommendations or publish or express independent research views in respect of such securities or instruments and may at any time hold, or recommend to clients that they acquire, long or short positions in such securities and instruments.

Each of Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (“CF&CO”) and LifeSci Capital (“LifeSci”), FINRA members, are acting as financial advisors in connection with the offering. Neither CF&CO nor LifeSci are acting as an underwriter and neither will sell or offer to sell any securities and will not identify, solicit or engage directly with potential investors. In addition, neither Cantor nor LifeSci will underwrite or purchase any of the offered securities or otherwise participate in any such undertaking.

Selling Restrictions

Notice to Prospective Investors in Canada

The shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants may be sold only to purchasers purchasing, or deemed to be purchasing, as principal that are accredited investors, as defined in National Instrument 45-106 Prospectus Exemptions or subsection 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), and are permitted clients, as defined in National Instrument 31-103 Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations. Any resale of shares of common stock or pre-funded warrant shares must be made in accordance with an exemption from, or in a transaction not subject to, the prospectus requirements of applicable securities laws.

Securities legislation in certain provinces or territories of Canada may provide a purchaser with remedies for rescission or damages if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus (including any amendment thereto) contains a misrepresentation, provided that the remedies for rescission or damages are exercised by the purchaser within the time limit prescribed by the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory. The purchaser should refer to any applicable provisions of the securities legislation of the purchaser’s province or territory for particulars of these rights or consult with a legal advisor.

Pursuant to section 3A.3 (or, in the case of securities issued or guaranteed by the government of a non-Canadian jurisdiction, section 3A.4) of National Instrument 33-105 Underwriting Conflicts (NI 33-105), the underwriters are not required to comply with the disclosure requirements of NI 33-105 regarding underwriter conflicts of interest in connection with this offering.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the European Economic Area

In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area (each, a Relevant State), no securities have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to the public in that Relevant State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the securities which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Regulation, except that securities may be offered to the public in that Relevant State at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Regulation:

•

to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined under Article 2 of the Prospectus Regulation;

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•

to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under Article 2 of the Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the underwriter for any such offer; or

•

in any other circumstances falling within Article 1(4) of the Prospectus Regulation,

provided that no such offer of securities shall require us or the underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Regulation or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the Prospectus Regulation and each person who initially acquires any securities or to whom any offer is made will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed to and with each of the underwriters and us that it is a “qualified investor” within the meaning of Article 2(e) of the Prospectus Regulation.

In the case of any securities being offered to a financial intermediary as that term is used in the Prospectus Regulation, each such financial intermediary will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed that the securities acquired by it in the offer have not been acquired on a non-discretionary basis on behalf of, nor have they been acquired with a view to their offer or resale to, persons in circumstances which may give rise to an offer of any securities to the public other than their offer or resale in a Member State to qualified investors as so defined or in circumstances in which the prior consent of the representatives has been obtained to each such proposed offer or resale.

For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to any securities in any Relevant State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any securities, and the expression “Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129, as amended.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the United Kingdom

No securities have been offered or will be offered pursuant to the offering to the public in the United Kingdom prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the securities which has been approved by the Financial Conduct Authority in the UK in accordance with the UK Prospectus Regulation and the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (FSMA), except that the securities may be offered to the public in the United Kingdom at any time under the following exemptions under the UK Prospectus Regulation and the FSMA:

•

to any legal entity which is a qualified investor as defined under Article 2 of the UK Prospectus Regulation;

•

to fewer than 150 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined under Article 2 of the UK Prospectus Regulation), subject to obtaining the prior consent of the underwriter for any such offer;

•

in any other circumstances falling within Section 86 of the FSMA,

provided that no such offer of the securities shall require us or the underwriter to publish a prospectus pursuant to Section 85 of the FSMA or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 23 of the UK Prospectus Regulation. Each person in the United Kingdom who acquires any securities in the offering or to whom any offer is made will be deemed to have represented, acknowledged and agreed to and with us and the underwriters that it is a qualified investor within the meaning of the UK Prospectus Regulation. For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer to the public” in relation to the securities in the United Kingdom means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and any securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for any securities and the expression “UK Prospectus Regulation” means Regulation (EU) 2017/1129 as it forms part of domestic law by virtue of the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 (the UK Prospectus Regulation).

Any invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the FSMA) in connection with the issue or sale of any securities may only be communicated or caused to be

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communicated in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to us. Each purchaser of securities must comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA and the Financial Services Act 2012 with respect to anything done by it in relation to any securities in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

This prospectus supplement is only being distributed to, and is only directed at, persons in the United Kingdom that are qualified investors as defined in the UK Prospectus Regulation that are also (i) investment professionals falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (as amended, the Order) or (ii) high net worth entities, and other persons to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order or (iii) persons to whom an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of the FSMA) in connection with the issue or sale of any securities may otherwise lawfully be communicated or caused to be communicated (each such person being referred to as a “relevant person”). This prospectus supplement and its contents are confidential and should not be distributed, published or reproduced (in whole or in part) or disclosed by recipients to any other persons in the United Kingdom. Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this prospectus supplement or any of its contents.

We have not authorized and do not authorize the making of any offer of securities through any financial intermediary on their behalf, other than offers made by the underwriters with a view to the final placement of the securities as contemplated in this prospectus. Accordingly, no purchaser of the securities, other than the underwriters, is authorized to make any further offer of the securities on behalf of us or the underwriters.

Any person in the United Kingdom that is not a relevant person should not act or rely on the information included in this prospectus supplement or use it as basis for taking any action. In the United Kingdom, any investment or investment activity that this prospectus supplement relates to may be made or taken exclusively by relevant persons.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Hong Kong

The shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares have not been offered or sold and will not be offered or sold in Hong Kong, by means of any document, other than (a) to “professional investors” as defined in the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571 of the Laws of Hong Kong) (the SFO) of Hong Kong and any rules made thereunder; or (b) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” as defined in the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong (the CO) or which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the CO. No advertisement, invitation or document relating to the securities has been or may be issued or has been or may be in the possession of any person for the purposes of issue, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public of Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to securities which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” as defined in the SFO and any rules made thereunder.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Japan

The shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares have not been and will not be registered pursuant to Article 4, Paragraph 1 of the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act. Accordingly, none of the shares of common stock or pre-funded warrant shares nor any interest therein may be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any “resident” of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to or for the benefit of a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Act and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan in effect at the relevant time.

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For Qualified Institutional Investors, or QII

Please note that the solicitation for newly-issued or secondary securities (each as described in Paragraph 2, Article 4 of the FIEL) in relation to the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares constitutes either a “QII only private placement” or a “QII only secondary distribution” (each as described in Paragraph 1, Article 23-13 of the FIEL). Disclosure regarding any such solicitation, as is otherwise prescribed in Paragraph 1, Article 4 of the FIEL, has not been made in relation to the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares. The shares of common stock may only be transferred to QIIs.

For Non-QII Investors

Please note that the solicitation for newly-issued or secondary securities (each as described in Paragraph 2, Article 4 of the FIEL) in relation to the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares constitutes either a “small number private placement” or a “small number private secondary distribution” (each as is described in Paragraph 4, Article 23-13 of the FIEL). Disclosure regarding any such solicitation, as is otherwise prescribed in Paragraph 1, Article 4 of the FIEL, has not been made in relation to the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares. The shares of common stock may only be transferred en bloc without subdivision to a single investor.

Singapore Securities and Futures Act Production Classification

Solely for the purposes of its obligations pursuant to sections 309B(1)(a) and 309B(1)(c) of the Securities and Futures Act (Chapter 289 of Singapore) (the SFA), we have determined, and hereby notify all relevant persons (as defined in Section 309A of the SFA) that the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants are “prescribed capital markets products” (as defined in the Securities and Futures (Capital Markets Products) Regulations 2018) and Excluded Investment Products (as defined in MAS Notice SFA 04-N12: Notice on the Sale of Investment Products and MAS Notice FAA-N16: Notice on Recommendations on Investment Products).

Notice to Prospective Investors in Switzerland

The shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares may not be publicly offered in Switzerland and will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange (SIX) or on any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. This prospectus supplement does not constitute a prospectus within the meaning of, and has been prepared without regard to, the disclosure standards for issuance prospectuses under art. 652a or art. 1156 of the Swiss Code of Obligations or the disclosure standards for listing prospectuses under art. 27 ff. of the SIX Listing Rules or the listing rules of any other stock exchange or regulated trading facility in Switzerland. Neither this prospectus supplement nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares or the offering may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

Neither this prospectus supplement nor any other offering or marketing material relating to the offering, us, the shares of common stock or the pre-funded warrant shares have been or will be filed with or approved by any Swiss regulatory authority. In particular, this prospectus supplement will not be filed with, and the offer of shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares will not be supervised by, the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority, and the offer of these securities has not been and will not be authorized under the Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes (CISA). The investor protection afforded to acquirers of interests in collective investment schemes under the CISA does not extend to acquirers of shares.

Notice to Prospective Investors in the Dubai International Financial Centre

This prospectus supplement relates to an Exempt Offer in accordance with the Markets Rules 2012 of the Dubai Financial Services Authority, or DFSA. This prospectus supplement is intended for distribution only to

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persons of a type specified in the Markets Rules 2012 of the DFSA. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The DFSA has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with Exempt Offers. The DFSA has not approved this prospectus supplement nor taken steps to verify the information set forth herein and has no responsibility for this prospectus supplement. The securities to which this prospectus supplement relates may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the securities offered should conduct their own due diligence on the securities. If you do not understand the contents of this prospectus supplement, you should consult an authorized financial advisor.

In relation to its use in the DIFC, this prospectus supplement is strictly private and confidential and is being distributed to a limited number of investors and must not be provided to any person other than the original recipient and may not be reproduced or used for any other purpose. The interests in the securities may not be offered or sold directly or indirectly to the public in the DIFC.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Australia

This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus:

•

does not constitute a disclosure document under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth) (the Corporations Act);

•

has not been, and will not be, lodged with the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC), as a disclosure document for the purposes of the Corporations Act, and does not purport to include the information required of a disclosure document under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act; and

•

may only be provided in Australia to select investors who are able to demonstrate that they fall within one or more of the categories of investors, or Exempt Investors, available under section 708 of the Corporations Act.

The shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares may not be directly or indirectly offered for subscription or purchased or sold, and no invitations to subscribe for or buy the shares of common stock or pre-funded warrant shares may be issued, and no draft or definitive offering memorandum, advertisement or other offering material relating to any securities may be distributed in Australia, except where disclosure to investors is not required under Chapter 6D of the Corporations Act or is otherwise in compliance with all applicable Australian laws and regulations. By submitting an application for the securities, you represent and warrant to us that you are an Exempt Investor.

As any offer of shares of common stock and pre-funded warrant shares under this prospectus supplement will be made without disclosure in Australia under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act, the offer of those securities for resale in Australia within 12 months may, under section 707 of the Corporations Act, require disclosure to investors under Chapter 6D.2 if none of the exemptions in section 708 applies to that resale. By applying for the shares you undertake to us that you will not, for a period of 12 months from the date of issue of the shares, offer, transfer, assign or otherwise alienate those securities to investors in Australia except in circumstances where disclosure to investors is not required under Chapter 6D.2 of the Corporations Act or where a compliant disclosure document is prepared and lodged with ASIC.

Notice to Prospective Investors in Israel

In the State of Israel this prospectus supplement shall not be regarded as an offer to the public to purchase common shares or pre-funded warrant shares under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968, which requires a prospectus to be published and authorized by the Israel Securities Authority, if it complies with certain provisions of Section 15 of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968, including, inter alia, if: (i) the offer is made, distributed or directed to not more than 35 investors, subject to certain conditions, or the Addressed Investors; or (ii) the offer is made, distributed or directed to certain qualified investors defined in the First Addendum of the

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Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968, subject to certain conditions, or the “Qualified Investors.” The Qualified Investors shall not be taken into account in the count of the Addressed Investors and may be offered to purchase securities in addition to the 35 Addressed Investors. We have not and will not take any action that would require it to publish a prospectus in accordance with and subject to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728- 1968. We have not and will not distribute this prospectus supplement or make, distribute or direct an offer to subscribe for our common shares or pre-funded warrant shares to any person within the State of Israel, other than to Qualified Investors and up to 35 Addressed Investors.

Qualified Investors may have to submit written evidence that they meet the definitions set out in of the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968. In particular, we may request, as a condition to be offered common shares and pre-funded warrant shares, that Qualified Investors will each represent, warrant and certify to us and/or to anyone acting on our behalf: (i) that it is an investor falling within one of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968; (ii) which of the categories listed in the First Addendum to the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968 regarding Qualified Investors is applicable to it; (iii) that it will abide by all provisions set forth in the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968 and the regulations promulgated thereunder in connection with the offer to be issued common shares and pre-funded warrant shares; (iv) that the common shares and pre-funded warrant shares that it will be issued are, subject to exemptions available under the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968: (a) for its own account; (b) for investment purposes only; and (c) not issued with a view to resale within the State of Israel, other than in accordance with the provisions of the Israeli Securities Law, 5728-1968; and (v) that it is willing to provide further evidence of its Qualified Investor status. Addressed Investors may have to submit written evidence in respect of their identity and may have to sign and submit a declaration containing, inter alia, the Addressed Investor’s name, address and passport number or Israeli identification number.

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the shares of common stock and pre-funded warrants offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Goodwin Procter LLP, Boston, Massachusetts. Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP, New York, New York, is acting as counsel to the underwriters in connection with this offering.

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EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Disc Medicine, Inc. appearing in Disc Medicine, Inc.’s Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon, incorporated by reference therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and on our investor website at www.discmedicine.com. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, and you should not consider any information on, or that can be accessed from, our website as part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.

This prospectus supplement is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the SEC. Certain information in the registration statement has been omitted from this prospectus supplement in accordance with the rules of the SEC. For more detail about us and any securities that may be offered by this prospectus supplement, you may examine the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement forms a part, including its exhibits and schedules. Statements contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus as to the contents of any contract or other document are not necessarily complete, and in each instance we refer you to the copy of the contract or document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference.

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INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference in this prospectus supplement much of the information we file with the SEC, which means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those publicly available documents. The information that we incorporate by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is considered to be part of this prospectus supplement. Because we are incorporating by reference future filings with the SEC, this prospectus supplement is continually updated and those future filings may modify or supersede some of the information included or incorporated in this prospectus supplement. This means that you must look at all of the SEC filings that we incorporate by reference to determine if any of the statements in this prospectus supplement or in any document previously incorporated by reference have been modified or superseded. This prospectus supplement incorporates by reference the documents listed below and any future filings we make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, except as to any portion of any future report or document that is not deemed filed under such provisions until the offering of the securities offered hereby is terminated or completed:

•

Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2023;

•

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on May 15, 2023;

•

Current Reports on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on January 23, 2023 (to the extent the information in such report is filed and not furnished), January 25, 2023, February 14, 2023 (to the extent the information in such report is filed and not furnished), March 31, 2023 (to the extent the information in such report is filed and not furnished), April 19, 2023, June 9, 2023 (to the extent the information in such report is filed not furnished) and June 9, 2023;

•

The information included in our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A, filed with the SEC on April 20, 2023, to the extent incorporated by reference into Part III of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022; and

•

The description of our common stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on August 10, 2020, and as set forth by the description of our common stock set forth in Exhibit 4.4 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 10, 2022, and as further supplemented by the description of our common stock set forth in our Registration Statement on Form S-4/A, filed with the SEC on December 1, 2022, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by writing or telephoning us at the following address or telephone number:

Disc Medicine, Inc.

321 Arsenal Street, Suite 101

Watertown, MA 02472

Attn: Investor Relations

(617) 674-9274

You may also access these documents, free of charge on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov or on our website at www.discmedicine.com. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus, and you should not consider any information on, or that can be accessed from, our website as part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless specifically stated to the contrary, information that we furnish (and that is not deemed “filed” with the SEC) under Items 2.02 and 7.01 of any Current Report on Form 8-K, including the related exhibits under Item 9.01, is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus.

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In accordance with Rule 412 of the Securities Act, any statement contained in a document incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed modified or superseded to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement.

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PROSPECTUS

LOGO

$300,000,000

Common Stock

Preferred Stock

Debt Securities

Warrants

Units

From time to time, we may offer and sell up to $300,000,000 in aggregate principal amount of our Common Stock, Preferred Stock, Debt Securities, Warrants or Units, in each case in one or more issuances and at prices and on terms that we will determine at the time of the offering.

This prospectus describes the general manner in which any of these securities may be offered using this prospectus. We will specify in an accompanying prospectus supplement the terms of the securities offered and other details regarding the offering thereof. The supplement may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus with respect to that offering.

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “IRON.” On January 13, 2023, the closing price of our common stock, as reported on The Nasdaq Global Market, was $19.25 per share.

Investing in our securities involves risks. You should review carefully the risks and uncertainties described under the heading “Risk Factors” on page 10 of this prospectus and under any similar heading in the documents that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as well as “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” on page 4 of this prospectus. You should read the entire prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement carefully before you make your investment decision.

The securities covered by this prospectus may be sold directly by us to investors, through agents designated by us from time to time or through underwriters or dealers at prices and on terms to be determined at the time of offering. We will include in an applicable prospectus supplement the names of any underwriters or agents and any applicable commissions or discounts. Additional information on the methods of sale appears under “Plan of Distribution” in this prospectus. We will also describe in an applicable prospectus supplement the way(s) in which we expect to use the net proceeds we receive from any sale.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell any securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

The date of this prospectus is January 24, 2023.

Table of Contents


	Page
ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS		1
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION		1
INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE		2
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS		4
ABOUT THE COMPANY		7
RISK FACTORS		10
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA		11
USE OF PROCEEDS		14
DIVIDEND POLICY		15
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES		16
DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK		17
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES		24
DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS		31
DESCRIPTION OF UNITS		32
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION		35
LEGAL MATTERS		38
EXPERTS		38

You should rely only on the information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and in an applicable prospectus supplement to this prospectus. We have not authorized any other person to provide you with different or additional information. If anyone provides you with different, additional or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We do not take responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We are not making an offer to sell these securities or soliciting any offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any free writing prospectus we authorize to be delivered to you is accurate only as of the date of that document or any other date set forth in that document. Additionally, any information we have incorporated by reference in this prospectus or in any applicable prospectus supplement is accurate only as of the date of the document incorporated by reference or other date set forth in that document, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any sale of securities. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flow and prospects may have changed since that date.

On December 29, 2022, we acquired Disc Medicine Opco, Inc. (formerly Disc Medicine, Inc.), or Private Disc, pursuant to an agreement and plan of merger, or the Merger, and we changed our name to Disc Medicine, Inc. on December 29, 2022. As used in this prospectus, unless the context otherwise requires, references to “Disc,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to (i) prior to the date of the Merger, Private Disc, and its wholly owned, consolidated subsidiaries, or either or all of them as the context may require, and (ii) following the date of the Merger, Disc Medicine, Inc., and its wholly owned, consolidated subsidiaries, or either or all of them as the context may require.

ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS

This prospectus is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, using a “shelf” registration process.

Under this process, we may sell the securities described in this prospectus in one or more offerings for an aggregate offering amount of up to $300,000,000. This prospectus describes the general manner in which we may offer the securities described in this prospectus. Each time we sell securities pursuant to this registration statement, we will provide a prospectus supplement that will contain specific information about the offering and the securities offered, and may also add, update or change information contained in this prospectus. We may also authorize one or more free writing prospectuses to be provided to you that may contain material information relating to these offerings. If there is any inconsistency between information in this prospectus and any accompanying prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, you should rely on the information in the most recent applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus and documents incorporated by reference herein and therein. This prospectus may not be used to offer to sell, solicit an offer to buy or consummate a sale of our securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

This prospectus, together with any accompanying prospectus supplement together with any additional information incorporated by reference, contains important information you should know before investing in our securities, including important information about us and the securities being offered. You should carefully read both documents, as well as the additional information contained in the documents described under “Where You Can Find More Information” and “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference” in both this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, and in particular the annual, quarterly and current reports and other documents we file with the SEC. Neither this prospectus nor any accompanying prospectus supplement is an offer to sell these securities or is soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, with respect to the securities offered by this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement. This prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement do not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and its exhibits and schedules in accordance with SEC rules and regulations. For further information with respect to us and the securities being offered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, you should read the registration statement, including its exhibits and schedules. Statements contained in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including documents that we have incorporated by reference, as to the contents of any contract or other document referred to are not necessarily complete, and, with respect to any contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement or any other such document, each such statement is qualified in all respects by reference to the corresponding exhibit. You should review the complete contract or other document to evaluate these statements. You may obtain copies of the registration statement and its exhibits via the SEC’s EDGAR database or our website.

We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other documents with the SEC under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. The SEC maintains a website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers, including us, that file electronically with the SEC. You may obtain documents that we file with the SEC at www.sec.gov.

We also make these documents available on our website at www.discmedicine.com. Our website and the information contained or connected to our website is not incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement, and you should not consider it part of this prospectus or any prospectus supplement.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE

SEC rules permit us to incorporate information by reference in this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement. This means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to another document filed separately with the SEC. The information incorporated by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, except for information superseded by information contained in this prospectus or the applicable prospectus supplement itself or in any subsequently filed incorporated document. This prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement incorporate by reference the documents set forth below that we have previously filed with the SEC, other than information in such documents that is deemed to be furnished and not filed. These documents contain important information about us and our business and financial condition.

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Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 10, 2022;

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Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2022, June 30, 2022 and September 30, 2022, filed with the SEC on May 6, 2022, August 11, 2022, and November 11, 2022 respectively;

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Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 10, 2022 (excluding information furnished pursuant to Item 7.01), January 14, 2022, February 28, 2022 (excluding information furnished pursuant to Item 7.01), April 5, 2022, August 10, 2022 (excluding information furnished pursuant to Item 7.01), December 8, 2022, December 28, 2022 and December 29, 2022 (excluding information furnished pursuant to Items 2.02 or 7.01, or corresponding information furnished under Item 9.01 or included as an exhibit); and

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The description of our common stock contained in our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on August 10, 2020, and as set forth by the description of the Registrant’s common stock set forth in Exhibit 4.4 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 10, 2022, and as further supplemented by the description of the Registrant’s common stock set forth in the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-4/A, filed with the SEC on December 1, 2022, including any amendments or reports filed for the purpose of updating such description.

All documents that we file (but not those that we furnish) pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, after the date of the initial registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus and will automatically update and supersede the information in this prospectus, and any previously filed documents. All documents that we file (but not those that we furnish) pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act on or after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of the offering of any of the securities covered under this prospectus shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus and will automatically update and supersede the information in this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement and any previously filed documents.

Any statement contained herein or in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus or the applicable prospectus supplement shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus and such applicable prospectus supplement to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus or such applicable prospectus supplement, or in any other subsequently filed document which also is or is deemed to be incorporated by reference in this prospectus and such applicable prospectus supplement, modifies or supersedes such earlier statement. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this prospectus or such applicable prospectus supplement.

Documents incorporated by reference are available from us without charge, excluding all exhibits unless specifically incorporated by reference as an exhibit to this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement.

Prospective investors may obtain documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement at no cost by requesting them in writing or by telephone from us at our executive offices at:

Disc Medicine, Inc.

321 Arsenal Street, Suite 101

Watertown, MA 02472

Attention: Investor Relations

(617) 674-9274

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus, together with any accompanying prospectus supplement, includes and incorporates by reference “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and releases issued by the SEC and within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this prospectus, including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects, plan, objectives of management and expected market growth, are forward-looking statements. You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of words such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “contemplate,” “continue,” “could,” “design,” “due,” “estimate,” “expect,” “goal,” “intend,” “may,” “objective,” “plan,” “positioned,” “potential,” “predict,” “seek,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would” and other similar expressions that are predictions of or indicate future events and future trends, or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, there are or will be important factors that could cause actual outcomes or results to differ materially from those indicated in these statements. We believe these factors include, but are not limited to, those described under “Risk Factors” and include, among other things:

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our ability to recognize the benefits of the previously announced merger pursuant to the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Merger Agreement”), dated August 9, 2022, by and among Gemini Therapeutics, Inc. (“Gemini”), Gemstone Merger Sub, Inc. and Disc;

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our ability to efficiently discover and develop product candidates;

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our ability and the potential to successfully manufacture our drug substances and product candidates for preclinical use, for clinical trials and on a larger scale for commercial use, if approved;

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our ability to obtain funding for our operations necessary to complete further development and commercialization of our product candidates;

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our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approval of our product candidates;

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our ability to commercialize our products, if approved;

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the pricing and reimbursement of our product candidates, if approved;

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the implementation of our business model, and strategic plans for our business and product candidates;

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the scope of protection we are able to establish and maintain for intellectual property rights covering our product candidates;

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estimates of our future expenses, revenues, capital requirements, and our needs for additional financing;

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future agreements with third parties in connection with the commercialization of product candidates and any other approved product;

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the size and growth potential of the markets for our product candidates, and our ability to serve those markets;

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our financial performance;

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the rate and degree of market acceptance of our product candidates;

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regulatory developments in the United States and foreign countries;

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our ability to contract with third-party suppliers and manufacturers and their ability to perform adequately;

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our ability to produce our products or product candidates with advantages in turnaround times or manufacturing cost;

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the success of competing therapies that are or may become available;

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our ability to attract and retain key scientific or management personnel;

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the impact of laws and regulations;

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developments relating to our competitors and our industry;

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the effect of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, including mitigation efforts and economic effects, on any of the foregoing or other aspects of our business operations, including but not limited to our preclinical studies and clinical trials and any future studies or trials; and

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other risks and uncertainties, including those listed under the caption “Risk Factors.”

These statements relate to future events or to our future financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. In evaluating such forward-looking statements, you should specifically consider various factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations, including the risks outlined under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in this prospectus and any related prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, and in any other documents incorporated herein or therein (including in our current report on Form 8-K filed on December 29, 2022, most recent annual report on Form 10-K, subsequent quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and other filings we make with the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act). Any forward-looking statement in this prospectus or any related prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus reflects our current view with respect to future events and is subject to these and other risks, uncertainties and assumptions relating to our operations, results of operations, industry and future growth. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available in the future.

Market and Industry Data and Estimates

This prospectus, together with any accompanying prospectus supplement and the information incorporated herein or therein by reference, also contains estimates, projections and other information concerning our industry, our business and the markets for our product candidates, including data regarding the estimated size of those markets, their projected growth rates and the incidence of certain medical conditions. Information that is based on estimates, forecasts, projections or similar methodologies is inherently subject to uncertainties and actual events or circumstances may differ materially from events and circumstances reflected in this information. Unless otherwise expressly stated, we obtained these industry, business, market and other data from reports, research surveys, studies and similar data prepared by third parties, industry, medical and general publications, government data and similar sources. We have not independently verified the accuracy and completeness of such data, and in some cases, we do not expressly refer to the sources from which these data are derived.

Trademarks

Disc Medicine, Inc., the Disc logo and our other registered or common law trademarks, trade names or service marks appearing in this prospectus are owned by us. This prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any information incorporated herein or therein may contain references to our trademarks and to trademarks belonging to other entities. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this prospectus, including logos, artwork and other visual displays, generally appear without the ^® or TM symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights or the rights of the applicable licensor to these trademarks and trade names. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names or trademarks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, any other companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus are the property of their respective owners.

ABOUT THE COMPANY

The following highlights information about the Registrant and our business contained elsewhere or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. It is not complete and does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in any of our securities. You should carefully read this prospectus together with the more detailed information incorporated by reference in this prospectus.

Overview

We are a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development, and commercialization of novel treatments for patients suffering from serious hematologic diseases. We have assembled a portfolio of clinical and preclinical product candidates that aim to modify fundamental biological pathways associated with the formation and function of red blood cells, specifically heme biosynthesis and iron homeostasis. Our current pipeline includes bitopertin for the treatment of erythropoietic porphyrias, including erythropoietic protoporphyria (“EPP”) and X-linked protoporphyria (“XLP”); and DISC-0974 for the treatment of anemia of myelofibrosis (“MF”) and anemia of chronic kidney disease (“CKD”). In addition, we have two programs in preclinical development: DISC-0998 for the treatment of anemia associated with inflammatory diseases; and a Matriptase-2 inhibitor for the treatment of polycythemia vera (“PV”) and diseases of iron overload. Our approach to product candidate development leverages well understood molecular mechanisms that have been validated in humans. We believe that each of our product candidates, if approved, has the potential to improve the lives of patients suffering from hematologic diseases.

Bitopertin is the lead product candidate in our heme biosynthesis modulation portfolio. Bitopertin was previously evaluated by Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.in a comprehensive clinical program in over 4,000 individuals in other indications which demonstrated the activity of bitopertin as a glycine transporter 1 (“GlyT1”) inhibitor and its effect on heme biosynthesis. We are planning to initially develop bitopertin for the treatment of erythropoietic porphyrias, including EPP and XLP. In July 2022, we received clearance of our investigational new drug application (“IND”) for “A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Bitopertin to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, Efficacy, and Protoporphyrin IX (“PPIX”) Concentrations in Participants with Erythropoietic Protoporphyria (“EPP”)” from the Food and Drug Administration. In July 2022, we initiated BEACON, a Phase 2 open-label, parallel-dose clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and effectiveness of bitopertin in EPP and XLP patients that is being conducted at sites in Australia. Separately, in October 2022, we initiated AURORA, a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety, tolerability and efficacy of bitopertin in EPP patients that is being conducted at sites in the United States. We expect interim data from these two trials in 2023. We are planning additional studies in Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (“DBA”) and other indications.

DISC-0974 is the lead product candidate in our iron homeostasis portfolio. DISC-0974 is a monoclonal antibody that is designed to suppress hepcidin production and increase serum iron levels by inhibiting hemojuvelin (“HJV”). We submitted an IND for DISC-0974 in June 2021, received clearance in July 2021, and participants completed a Phase 1 clinical trial in healthy volunteers in the U.S. in June 2022 with results showing evidence of target engagement, iron mobilization and erythropoiesis. We initiated a Phase 1b/2 clinical trial in June 2022 to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of DISC-0974 in patients with anemia of MF, and plan to initiate a separate Phase 1b/2 clinical trial in the first half of 2023 to evaluate DISC-0974 in patients with anemia of CKD. We expect interim data from these two trials in 2023. In addition, we are developing a preclinical anti-HJV monoclonal antibody, DISC-0998, which is also designed to target hepcidin suppression and was in-licensed from AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG. DISC-0998 is designed to increase serum iron levels and has an extended serum half-life as compared to DISC-0974. We believe this profile may be desirable in certain subsets of patients with anemia associated with inflammatory diseases.

Lastly, we are developing a Matriptase-2 inhibitor as part of our iron homeostasis portfolio, which is designed to induce hepcidin production and reduce serum iron levels. Preclinical data has demonstrated positive results, and

we are in the process of identifying and optimizing a development candidate in our Matriptase-2 inhibitor program. If successful, we expect to designate a lead candidate and commence IND-enabling studies.Corporate Information Disc Medicine, Inc. was originally incorporated under the laws of the state of Delaware in October 2017, and changed its name to Disc Medicine Opco, Inc. (“Disc Opco”), in December 2022. On December 29, 2022, we completed our business combination with Gemini Therapeutics, Inc.(“Gemini”) in accordance with the terms of the Agreement and Plan of Merger and Reorganization, dated as of August 9, 2022 (the “Merger Agreement”), by and among Gemini, us and Gemstone Merger Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly owned subsidiary of Gemini (“Merger Sub”), pursuant to which, among other matters, Merger Sub merged with and into Disc Opco, with Disc Opco continuing as a wholly owned subsidiary of us and the surviving corporation of the merger (the “Merger”). In connection with the closing of the Merger, Gemini changed its name to Disc Medicine, Inc.

Our principal executive offices are located at 321 Arsenal Street, Suite 101, Watertown, MA 02472, and our telephone number is (617) 674-9274. Our website address is www.discmedicine.com. We do not incorporate the information on or accessible through our website into this prospectus, and you should not consider any information on, or that can be accessed through, our website as part of this prospectus. Our common stock is listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “IRON.”

Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act are available, free of charge, on or through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports and amendments are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet site that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding our filings at www.sec.gov.

For additional information about our Company, please refer to other documents we have filed with the SEC and that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus, as listed under the heading “Incorporation of Certain Information by Reference.”

Implications of Being an Emerging Growth Company and a Smaller Reporting Company

We qualify as an “emerging growth company” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended (the “JOBS Act”). As an emerging growth company, we may take advantage of specified reduced disclosure and other requirements that are otherwise applicable generally to public companies. These provisions include:

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being permitted to only disclose two years of audited financial statements in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements with correspondingly reduced “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” disclosure;

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reduced disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements;

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not being required to hold advisory votes on executive compensation or to obtain stockholder approval of any golden parachute arrangements not previously approved; and

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an exemption from the auditor attestation requirement in the assessment of our internal control over financial reporting.

We may take advantage of these exemptions until the fifth anniversary of our initial public offering or such earlier time that we are no longer an emerging growth company. We would cease to be an emerging growth company on the date that is the earliest of (i) the last day of the fiscal year in which we have total annual gross revenue of $1.235 billion or more; (ii) December 31, 2025; (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in nonconvertible debt during the previous three years; or (iv) the last day of the fiscal year in which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the SEC, which means the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the prior June 30th. We may choose to

take advantage of some but not all of these exemptions. We have taken advantage of reduced reporting requirements in this prospectus. Accordingly, the information contained herein may be different from the information you receive from other public companies in which you hold stock. We are in the process of evaluating the benefits of relying on other exemptions and reduced reporting requirements under the JOBS Act. Subject to certain conditions, as an emerging growth company, we may rely on certain of these exemptions, including without limitation, providing an auditor’s attestation report on our system of internal controls over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

We are also a “smaller reporting company” as defined in the Exchange Act. We may continue to be a smaller reporting company even after we are no longer an emerging growth company. We may take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosures available to smaller reporting companies until the fiscal year following the determination that our common stock held by non-affiliates is more than $250 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter, or our annual revenues are less than $100 million during the most recently completed fiscal year and our common stock held by non-affiliates is more than $700 million measured on the last business day of our second fiscal quarter.

RISK FACTORS

Investing in our securities involves certain risks. Before you invest in any of our common stock, preferred stock, debt securities, warrants or units, in addition to the other information included in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus, you should carefully consider the risk factors contained in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 29, 2022, which is incorporated into this prospectus by reference, as updated by our annual or quarterly reports for subsequent fiscal years or fiscal quarters that we file with the SEC and that are so incorporated. See “Where You Can Find More Information” for information about how to obtain a copy of these documents. You should also carefully consider the risks and other information that may be contained in, or incorporated by reference into, any prospectus supplement relating to specific offerings of securities.

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

Reverse Stock Split

On December 29, 2022, we effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of our common stock. The total number of authorized shares of capital stock was amended from 260,000,000 to 110,000,000. The par value per common share remained unchanged. The audited consolidated financial statements of Gemini Therapeutics, Inc. included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, and the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2022, June 30, 2022, and September 30, 2022, that are incorporated by reference into this prospectus are presented without giving effect to the reverse stock split. Except where the context otherwise requires, share numbers in this prospectus reflect the 1-for-10 reverse stock split of our common stock.

The following selected financial data has been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on March 10, 2022, and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC on May 6, 2022, August 11, 2022, and November 10, 2022, as adjusted to reflect the reverse stock split for all periods presented. Our historical results are not indicative of the results that may be expected in the future and results of interim periods are not indicative of the results for the entire year. In addition, the below presented historical results do not present the pro forma impact of the reverse merger, as presented in the unaudited pro forma financial statements and accompanying notes for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, and the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, contained in the Company’s Proxy Statement/Prospectus on Form S-4/A and incorporated herein by reference.

AS REPORTED (in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Years Ended December 31,
	2021			2020
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(71,869	)	$	(40,837	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(1.78	)	$	(2.70	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		40,362,303			15,115,129
Common shares outstanding at year end		43,208,159			15,565,380

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(15,231	)	$	(19,048	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.35	)	$	(0.59	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		43,212,803			32,027,161
Common shares outstanding at period end		43,227,159			43,002,144

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(7,090	)	$	(16,447	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.16	)	$	(0.38	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		43,230,523			43,041,856
Common shares outstanding at period end		43,244,453			43,055,112


	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(22,321	)	$	(35,495	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.52	)	$	(0.94	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		43,221,712			37,564,936
Common shares outstanding at period end		43,244,453			43,055,112

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(3,277	)	$	(18,551	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.08	)	$	(0.43	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		43,264,616			43,091,822
Common shares outstanding at period end		43,299,453			43,112,742

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(25,598	)	$	(54,046	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.59	)	$	(1.37	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		43,236,171			39,427,476
Common shares outstanding at period end		43,299,453			43,112,742

AS ADJUSTED FOR 1-FOR-10 REVERSE STOCK SPLIT (unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts):


	Years Ended December 31,
	2021			2020
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(71,869	)	$	(40,837	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(17.81	)	$	(27.02	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		4,036,230			1,511,512
Common shares outstanding at year end		4,320,815			1,556,538

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(15,231	)	$	(19,048	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(3.52	)	$	(5.95	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		4,321,280			3,202,716
Common shares outstanding at period end		4,322,715			4,300,214


	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(7,090	)	$	(16,447	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(1.64	)	$	(3.82	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		4,323,052			4,304,185
Common shares outstanding at period end		4,324,445			4,305,511

	Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(22,321	)	$	(35,495	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(5.16	)	$	(9.45	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		4,322,171			3,756,493
Common shares outstanding at period end		4,324,445			4,305,511

	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(3,277	)	$	(18,551	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(0.76	)	$	(4.30	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		4,326,461			4,309,182
Common shares outstanding at period end		4,329,945			4,311,274

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022			2021
	(Unaudited)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$	(25,598	)	$	(54,046	)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted	$	(5.92	)	$	(13.71	)
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted		4,323,617			3,942,747
Common shares outstanding at period end		4,329,945			4,311,274

USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise described in the applicable prospectus supplement, we intend to use the net proceeds from the sale of any securities described in this prospectus for general corporate purposes, which may include research and development and preclinical and clinical development costs to support the advancement of our product candidates; working capital; capital expenditures; general and administrative expenses; and other general corporate purposes.

We may set forth additional information concerning our expected use of net proceeds from sales of securities in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to the specific offering. Pending use of net proceeds as described above, we may temporarily invest the net proceeds in a variety of capital preservation instruments, including high quality, investment grade instruments, certificates of deposit or direct or guaranteed obligations of the U.S. government, or may hold such proceeds as cash, until they are used for their stated purpose. We have not determined the amount of net proceeds to be used specifically for such purposes. As a result, management will retain broad discretion over the allocation of net proceeds.

DIVIDEND POLICY

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Payment of cash dividends, if any, in the future will solely be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on then-existing conditions, including our financial condition, operating results, contractual restrictions, capital requirements, business prospects and other factors our board of directors may deem relevant.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

We may offer shares of common or preferred stock, various series of senior or subordinated debt securities, warrants, or units consisting of combinations of the foregoing, in each case from time to time under this prospectus, together with the applicable prospectus supplement, at prices and on terms to be determined by market conditions at the time of offering. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. At the time we offer a particular type or series of securities, we will provide an applicable prospectus supplement describing the specific amounts, prices and other important terms of the securities, including, to the extent applicable:

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designation or classification;

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aggregate principal amount or aggregate offering price;

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voting or other rights;

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rates and times of payment of interest, dividends or other payments;

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liquidation preference;

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original issue discount;

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maturity;

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ranking;

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restrictive covenants;

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redemption, conversion, exercise, exchange, settlement or sinking fund terms, including prices or rates, and any provisions for changes to or adjustments in such prices or rates and in the securities or other property receivable upon conversion, exercise, exchange or settlement;

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any securities exchange or market listing arrangements; and

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important U.S. federal income tax considerations.

This prospectus may not be used to offer or sell securities unless accompanied by an applicable prospectus supplement. The applicable prospectus supplement may add, update or change information contained in this prospectus or in documents incorporated by reference in this prospectus. You should read the applicable prospectus supplement related to any securities being offered.

We may sell the securities to or through underwriters, dealers or agents, directly to purchasers or through a combination of any of these methods of sale or as otherwise set forth under “Plan of Distribution”. We and our underwriters, dealers or agents reserve the right to accept or reject all or part of any proposed purchase of securities. If we do offer securities through underwriters or agents, we will include in the applicable prospectus supplement (i) the names of the underwriters or agents and applicable fees, discounts and commissions to be paid to them; (ii) details regarding over-allotment options, if any; and (iii) net proceeds to us.

The following descriptions are not complete and may not contain all the information you should consider before investing in any securities we may offer hereunder; they are summarized from, and qualified by reference to, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and the other documents referred to in the descriptions, all of which are or will be publicly filed with the SEC, as applicable. See “Where You Can Find More Information.”

DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK

The following summary description of our common stock and preferred stock, together with the additional information we include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of our capital stock. The following description of our capital stock is intended as a summary only, does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, which are exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and by applicable law. The terms of our common stock and preferred stock may also be affected by Delaware law.

Authorized Capital Stock

Our authorized capital stock consists of 100,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share, all of which preferred stock is undesignated. Based on our unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as of September 30, 2022, we had estimated 17,394,684 shares of our common stock outstanding and no shares of preferred stock outstanding. Unless our board of directors determines otherwise, we will issue all shares of our capital stock in uncertificated form.

The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements as of September 30, 2022, were based on Disc Medicine, Inc.’s historical consolidated financial statements and Gemini Therapeutics, Inc.’s (“Gemini”) historical consolidated financial statements as adjusted to give effect to (1) the Merger, accounted for as a reverse recapitalization, (2) the conversion of each share of Private Disc’s preferred stock into common stock, (3) the Private Disc pre-closing financing in the amount of approximately $53.5 million, (4) the conversion of all shares of Private Disc common stock outstanding into shares of Gemini’s common stock based on an exchange ratio of 0.1096, (5) the Gemini 1:10 reverse stock split, and (6) other pro forma adjustments. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information was prepared in accordance with SEC Regulation S-X Article 11. The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the combined financial position or results of operations of future periods or the results that would have been realized had the entities been a single entity during these periods.

Common Stock

The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters submitted to a vote of the stockholders. The holders of our common stock do not have any cumulative voting rights. Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably any dividends declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any outstanding preferred stock. Our common stock has no preemptive rights, conversion rights or other subscription rights or redemption or sinking fund provisions.

In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of our common stock will be entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of all debts and other liabilities and any liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred stock. When we issue shares of common stock under this prospectus, when issued and paid for, the shares will validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

Exchange Listing

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “IRON.” On January 13, 2023, the closing price for our common stock, as reported on The Nasdaq Global Market, was $19.25 per share. Based on our unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as of September 30, 2022, we had estimated approximately 77 stockholders of record.

Transfer Agent and Registrar

The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company. The transfer agent and registrar’s address is One State Street – 30^th Floor, New York, NY 10004.

Preferred Stock

Undesignated Preferred Stock

Our board of directors has the authority, without further action by our stockholders, to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions thereof. These rights, preferences and privileges could include dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences, sinking fund terms and the number of shares constituting, or the designation of, such series, any or all of which may be greater than the rights of common stock. The issuance of our preferred stock could adversely affect the voting power of holders of common stock and the likelihood that such holders will receive dividend payments and payments upon our liquidation. In addition, the issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of our company or other corporate action. We have no shares of preferred stock outstanding, and we have no present plan to issue any shares of preferred stock.

The purpose of authorizing our board of directors to issue preferred stock in one or more series and determine the number of shares in the series and its rights and preferences is to eliminate delays associated with a stockholder vote on specific issuances. Examples of rights and preferences that the board of directors may fix are:

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dividend rights;

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dividend rates;

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conversion rights;

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voting rights;

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terms of redemption; and

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liquidation preferences.

The existence of authorized but unissued shares of undesignated preferred stock may enable our board of directors to render more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise. For example, if in the due exercise of its fiduciary obligations, our board of directors were to determine that a takeover proposal is not in the best interests of us or our stockholders, our board of directors could cause shares of preferred stock to be issued without stockholder approval in one or more private offerings or other transactions that might dilute the voting or other rights of the proposed acquirer, stockholder or stockholder group. The rights of holders of our common stock described above, will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of any preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future. The issuance of shares of undesignated preferred stock could decrease the amount of earnings and assets available for distribution to holders of shares of common stock. The issuance may also adversely affect the rights and powers, including voting rights, of these holders and may have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control of us.

Additional Series of Preferred Stock

We will incorporate by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement, which includes this prospectus, the form of any certificate of designation that describes the terms of any additional series of preferred stock we may offer pursuant to this prospectus. This description and the applicable prospectus supplement will include:

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the title and stated value;

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the number of shares authorized;

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the liquidation preference per share;

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the purchase price;

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the dividend rate, period and payment date, and method of calculation for dividends;

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whether dividends will be cumulative or non-cumulative and, if cumulative, the date from which dividends will accumulate;

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the procedures for any auction and remarketing, if any;

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the provisions for a sinking fund, if any;

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the provisions for redemption or repurchase, if applicable, and any restrictions on our ability to exercise those redemption and repurchase rights;

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any listing of the preferred stock on any securities exchange or market;

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whether the preferred stock will be convertible into our common stock, and, if applicable, the conversion price, or how it will be calculated, and the conversion period;

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whether the preferred stock will be exchangeable into debt securities, and, if applicable, the exchange price, or how it will be calculated, and the exchange period;

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voting rights, if any, of the preferred stock;

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preemptive rights, if any;

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restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;

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whether interests in the preferred stock will be represented by depositary shares;

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a discussion of any material United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the preferred stock;

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the relative ranking and preferences of the preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs;

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any limitations on issuance of any class or series of preferred stock ranking senior to or on a parity with the series of preferred stock as to dividend rights and rights if we liquidate, dissolve or wind up our affairs; and

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any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the preferred stock.

When we issue shares of preferred stock under this prospectus, the shares will fully be paid and nonassessable and will not be subject to any preemptive or similar rights.

Registration Rights

The holders of approximately 15.9 million shares of our common stock, or their transferees, are entitled to the registration rights set forth below with respect to registration of the resale of such shares under the Securities Act pursuant to the investors’ rights agreement, by and among us and certain of our stockholders. Generally, in an underwritten offering, the managing underwriter, if any, has the right, subject to specified conditions and limitations, to limit the number of shares the holders may include.

2022 Registration Rights Agreement

We are party to a registration rights agreement (the “2022 Registration Rights Agreement”) with certain holders of our capital stock (the “2022 Investors”), pursuant to which we have (i) agreed to register for resale shares of our common stock issued to the 2022 Investors pursuant to the Merger Agreement (the “Registrable Securities”) and (ii) granted certain other registration rights to the 2022 Investors.

In particular, the 2022 Registration Rights Agreement provides for the following registration rights:

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Shelf registration rights. No later than 45 calendar days following the completion of the merger as contemplated by the Merger Agreement, we are required to file with the SEC, a shelf registration statement registering the resale of the Registrable Securities, and use our commercially reasonable efforts to have such registration statement declared effective by the SEC as promptly as possible.

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Expenses and indemnification. The fees, costs and expenses of registrations pursuant to the registration rights granted to the 2022 Investors under the 2022 Registration Rights Agreement will be borne by us. The 2022 Registration Rights Agreement contains customary cross-indemnification provisions, under which we are obligated to indemnify holders of Registrable Securities in the event of material misstatements or omissions in the registration statement attributable to us, and holders of Registrable Securities are obligated to indemnify us for material misstatements or omissions attributable to them.

2021 Registration Rights Agreement

We are a party to a registration tights agreement (the “2021 Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which, among other things, certain holders of capital stock, including certain investors of FS Development Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the “FSDC Investors”), certain entities affiliated with Atlas Ventures, entities affiliated with Lightstone Ventures, OrbiMed Private Investments VI, LP, and Wu Capital Investment LLC (collectively, the “Major Investors” and together with the FSDC Investors, the “Investors”) were granted certain registration rights with respect to Registrable Securities (as defined in the 2021 Registration Rights Agreement) held by them, subject to certain conditions and limitations.

In particular, the 2021 Registration Rights Agreement provides for the following registration rights:

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Demand registration rights. At any time after February 5, 2021, and following the expiration of any lock-up to which an Investor may have been subject, we are required, upon the written request of either (i) FSDC Investors holding a majority of the Registrable Securities held by all FSDC Investors or (ii) Major Investors holding a majority of the Registrable Securities held by all Major Investors, to file a registration statement under the Securities Act on Form S-1 or any similar long-form registration statement or, if then available, on Form S-3, and use reasonable best efforts to effect the registration of all or part of their registrable securities requested to be included in such registration by the Investors.

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Shelf registration rights. A shelf registration statement pursuant to Rule 415 of Securities Act, was filed on February 17, 2021 and became effective on April 28, 2021. At any time we have an effective shelf registration statement, if we receive a request from Investors holding registrable securities with an estimated market value of at least $5,000,000, to effect an underwritten shelf takedown, we shall use our reasonable best efforts to as expeditiously as possible effect the underwritten shelf takedown.

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Limits on demand registration rights and shelf registration rights. We shall not be obligated to effect: (a) more than one (1) demand registration or underwritten shelf takedown during any six-month period; (b) any demand registration at any time there is an effective resale shelf registration statement on file with the SEC; (c) more than two underwritten demand registrations in respect of all registrable securities held by the FSDC Investors, including those made under a shelf registration statement, or (d) more than two underwritten demand registrations in respect of all registrable securities held by the Major Investors, including those made under a shelf registration statement.

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Piggyback registration rights. At any time after the first anniversary of the closing date, if we propose to file a registration statement to register any of our equity securities under the Securities Act or to conduct a public offering, either for our own account or for the account of any other person, subject to certain exceptions, the Investors are entitled to include their registrable securities in such registration statement, subject to customary cut-back rights.

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Expenses and indemnification. All fees, costs and expenses of underwritten registrations will be borne by us and underwriting discounts and selling commissions will be borne by the holders of the shares

being registered. The 2021 Registration Rights Agreement contains customary cross-indemnification provisions, under which we are obligated to indemnify holders of registrable securities in the event of material misstatements or omissions in the registration statement attributable to us, and holders of registrable securities are obligated to indemnify us for material misstatements or omissions attributable to them.

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Registrable securities. Securities of ours shall cease to be registrable securities upon the earlier of (i) tenth anniversary of February 5, 2021 and (ii) the date as of which (1) a registration statement with respect to the sale of such securities shall have become effective under the Securities Act and such securities shall have been disposed of in accordance with such registration statement, or (2) such securities shall have been transferred pursuant to Rule 144 of the Securities Act, or with respect to any Investor, securities of such Investor shall cease to be registrable securities, on the earlier of (x) the date such Investor ceases to hold at least 1% of the registrable securities or (y) if such Investor is an individual and such Investor is a director or an executive officer of Disc or FS Development Corporation as of immediately prior to the consummation of the business combination, the date when such Investor is permitted to sell the Registrable Securities under Rule 144 (or any similar provision) under the Securities Act without limitation on the amount of securities sold or the manner of sale.

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Lockup. Under the 2021 Registration Rights Agreement, each Investor was required to enter into a customary lockup agreement restricting such investor from transferring any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable (directly or indirectly) for common stock for one hundred eighty (180) days following February 5, 2021, which restriction expired August 4, 2021. The foregoing notwithstanding, each executive officer and director was permitted to establish a plan to acquire and sell shares of common stock pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act; provided, however, no sale of shares under any such plan shall be made prior to the expiration of the one hundred eighty (180) day lock-up period on August 4, 2021.

Authorized but Unissued Capital Stock

The Delaware General Corporation Law does not require stockholder approval for any issuance of authorized shares. However, the listing requirements of Nasdaq, which would apply so long as our common stock remains listed on Nasdaq, require stockholder approval of certain issuances equal to or exceeding 20% of the then outstanding voting power or then outstanding number of shares of common stock. These additional shares may be used for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings, to raise additional capital or to facilitate acquisitions.

One of the effects of the existence of unissued and unreserved common stock or preferred stock may be to enable our board of directors to issue shares to persons friendly to current management, which issuance could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of our company by means of a merger, tender offer, proxy contest or otherwise, and thereby protect the continuity of our management and possibly deprive our stockholders of opportunities to sell their shares of common stock at prices higher than prevailing market prices.

Anti-Takeover Effects of our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws and Delaware Law

Certain provisions of Delaware law and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws contain provisions that could make the following transactions more difficult: acquisition of us by means of a tender offer; acquisition of us by means of a proxy contest or otherwise; or removal of our incumbent officers and directors. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish or could deter transactions that stockholders may otherwise consider to be in their best interest or in our best interests, including transactions that might result in a premium over the market price for our shares.

These provisions, summarized below, are expected to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to encourage persons seeking to acquire control of us to first negotiate with our board of directors. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate with the proponent of an unfriendly or unsolicited proposal to acquire or restructure us outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging these proposals because negotiation of these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.

Delaware anti-takeover statute

We are not governed by Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.

Undesignated preferred stock

The ability to authorize undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for our board of directors to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to effect a change in control of our company. These and other provisions may have the effect of deterring hostile takeovers or delaying changes in control or management of our company.

Special stockholder meetings

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that a special meeting of stockholders may be called at any time by our board of directors, but such special meetings may not be called by the stockholders or any other person or persons.

Requirements for advance notification of stockholder nominations and proposals

Our amended and restated bylaws contain advance notice procedures with respect to stockholder proposals and the nomination of candidates for election as directors, other than nominations made by or at the direction of the board of directors or a committee of the board of directors.

No stockholder action by written consent

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation does not allow stockholders to act by written consent without a meeting.

Classified board; election and removal of directors; filling vacancies

Our board of directors is divided into three classes, divided as nearly as equal in number as possible. The directors in each class serve for a three-year term, one class being elected each year by our stockholders, with staggered three-year terms. Only one class of directors is elected at each annual meeting of our stockholders, with the other classes continuing for the remainder of their respective three-year terms. Because our stockholders do not have cumulative voting rights, our stockholders holding a majority of the shares of common stock outstanding will be able to elect all of our directors. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides for the removal of any of our directors only for cause and requires a stockholder vote by the holders of at least 66-2/3% of the voting power of the then outstanding voting stock. Any vacancy on our board of directors, however occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an increase in the size of the board, may only be filled by a resolution of the board of directors.

This system of electing and removing directors and filling vacancies may tend to discourage a third party from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us because it generally makes it more difficult for stockholders to replace a majority of the directors.

Choice of forum

Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide that, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for the following types of actions or proceedings under Delaware statutory or common law: any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; any action asserting a claim of breach of fiduciary duty owed by any of our directors, officers, employees or stockholders to us or to our stockholders; any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws (as either may be amended from time to time); any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws; or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. As a result, any action brought by any of our stockholders with regard to any of these matters will need to be filed in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and cannot be filed in any other jurisdiction; provided that, the exclusive forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or the Securities Act. In addition, unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts will be the sole and exclusive forum for resolving any action asserting a claim arising under the Securities Act. Such provision is intended to benefit and may be enforced by us, our officers and directors, employees and agents, including the underwriters and any other professional or entity who has prepared or certified any part of this prospectus. Nothing in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws preclude stockholders that assert claims under the Exchange Act from bringing such claims in state or federal court, subject to applicable law.

Although our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws contain the choice of forum provision described above, it is possible that a court could find that such a provision is inapplicable for a particular claim or action or that such provision is unenforceable.

This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers, other employees or stockholders, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims or make such lawsuits more costly for stockholders, although our stockholders will not be deemed to have waived our compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

Amendment of charter provisions or bylaws

Our amended and restated bylaws may be amended or repealed by the Board or by the affirmative vote of not the holders of not less than two-thirds of the voting power of all of the shares of the capital stock of the Company entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, voting as one class; provided, however, that if the Board recommends that stockholders approve such amendment or repeal, such amendment or repeal shall only require the affirmative vote of the majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote on such amendment or repeal, voting together as a single class. The affirmative vote of the holders of the majority of the outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote thereon as a class, and the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of each class entitled to vote thereon as a class voting together as a single class, will be required to amend certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation.

The provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws could have the effect of discouraging others from attempting hostile takeovers and, as a consequence, they may also inhibit temporary fluctuations in the market price of our common stock that often result from actual or rumored hostile takeover attempts. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in our management. It is possible that these provisions could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

This section describes the general terms and provisions of our debt securities that we may issue from time to time. We may issue debt securities, in one or more series, as either senior or subordinated debt or as senior or subordinated convertible debt. While the terms we have summarized below will apply generally to any future debt securities we may offer under this prospectus, the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus will describe the specific terms of any debt securities offered through that prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. The terms of any debt securities we offer under a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus may differ from the terms we describe below. Unless the context requires otherwise, whenever we refer to the “indentures,” we also are referring to any supplemental indentures that specify the terms of a particular series of debt securities.

We will issue any senior debt securities under the senior indenture that we will enter into with the trustee named in the senior indenture. We will issue any subordinated debt securities under the subordinated indenture that we will enter into with the trustee named in the subordinated indenture. We have filed forms of these documents as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part, and supplemental indentures and forms of debt securities containing the terms of the debt securities being offered will be filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or will be incorporated by reference from reports that we file with the SEC.

The indentures will be qualified under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act”). We use the term “trustee” to refer to either the trustee under the senior indenture or the trustee under the subordinated indenture, as applicable.

The following summaries of material provisions of the senior debt securities, the subordinated debt securities and the indentures are subject to, and qualified in their entirety by reference to, all of the provisions of the indenture applicable to a particular series of debt securities. We urge you to read the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus and any related free writing prospectuses related to the debt securities that we may offer under this prospectus, as well as the complete applicable indenture that contains the terms of the debt securities. Except as we may otherwise indicate, the terms of the senior indenture and the subordinated indenture are identical.

General

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus the terms of the series of debt securities being offered, including:

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the title;

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the principal amount being offered, and if a series, the total amount authorized and the total amount outstanding;

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any limit on the amount that may be issued;

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whether or not we will issue the series of debt securities in global form, and, if so, the terms and who the depository will be;

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the maturity date;

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whether and under what circumstances, if any, we will pay additional amounts on any debt securities held by a person who is not a United States person for tax purposes, and whether we can redeem the debt securities if we have to pay such additional amounts;

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the annual interest rate, which may be fixed or variable, or the method for determining the rate and the date interest will begin to accrue, the dates interest will be payable and the regular record dates for interest payment dates or the method for determining such dates;

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whether or not the debt securities will be secured or unsecured, and the terms of any secured debt;

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the terms of the subordination of any series of subordinated debt;

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the place where payments will be payable;

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restrictions on transfer, sale or other assignment, if any;

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our right, if any, to defer payment of interest and the maximum length of any such deferral period;

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the date, if any, after which, the conditions upon which, and the price at which, we may, at our option, redeem the series of debt securities pursuant to any optional or provisional redemption provisions and the terms of those redemption provisions;

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the date, if any, on which, and the price at which we are obligated, pursuant to any mandatory sinking fund or analogous fund provisions or otherwise, to redeem, or at the holder’s option, to purchase, the series of debt securities and the currency or currency unit in which the debt securities are payable;

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whether the indenture will restrict our ability to:

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incur additional indebtedness;

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issue additional securities;

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create liens;

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pay dividends or make distributions in respect of our capital stock or the capital stock of our subsidiaries;

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redeem capital stock;

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place restrictions on our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends, make distributions or transfer assets;

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make investments or other restricted payments;

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sell or otherwise dispose of assets;

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enter into sale-leaseback transactions;

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engage in transactions with stockholders or affiliates;

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issue or sell stock of our subsidiaries;

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effect a consolidation or merger;

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whether the indenture will require us to maintain any interest coverage, fixed charge, cash flow-based, asset-based or other financial ratios;

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a discussion of certain material or special United States federal income tax considerations applicable to the debt securities;

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information describing any book-entry features;

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provisions for a sinking fund purchase or other analogous fund, if any;

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the applicability of the provisions in the indenture on discharge;

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whether the debt securities are to be offered at a price such that they will be deemed to be offered at an “original issue discount” as defined in paragraph (a) of Section 1273 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended;

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the denominations in which we will issue the series of debt securities, if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof;

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the currency of payment of debt securities if other than U.S. dollars and the manner of determining the equivalent amount in U.S. dollars; and

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any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of, or restrictions on, the debt securities, including any additional events of default or covenants provided with respect to the debt securities, and any terms that may be required by us or advisable under applicable laws or regulations or advisable in connection with the marketing of the debt securities.

Conversion or Exchange Rights

We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus the terms on which a series of debt securities may be convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock, our preferred stock or other securities (including securities of a third-party). We will include provisions as to whether conversion or exchange is mandatory, at the option of the holder or at our option. We may include provisions pursuant to which the number of shares of our common stock, our preferred stock or other securities (including securities of a third-party) that the holders of the series of debt securities receive would be subject to adjustment.

Consolidation, Merger or Sale

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the indentures will not contain any covenant that restricts our ability to merge or consolidate, or sell, convey, transfer or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. However, any successor to or acquirer of such assets must assume all of our obligations under the indentures or the debt securities, as appropriate. If the debt securities are convertible into or exchangeable for other securities of ours or securities of other entities, the person with whom we consolidate or merge or to whom we sell all of our property must make provisions for the conversion of the debt securities into securities that the holders of the debt securities would have received if they had converted the debt securities before the consolidation, merger or sale.

Events of Default Under the Indenture

Unless we provide otherwise in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus applicable to a particular series of debt securities, the following are events of default under the indentures with respect to any series of debt securities that we may issue:

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if we fail to pay interest when due and payable and our failure continues for 90 days and the time for payment has not been extended;

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if we fail to pay the principal, premium or sinking fund payment, if any, when due and payable at maturity, upon redemption or repurchase or otherwise, and the time for payment has not been extended;

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if we fail to observe or perform any other covenant contained in the debt securities or the indentures, other than a covenant specifically relating to another series of debt securities, and our failure continues for 90 days after we receive notice from the trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the applicable series; and

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if specified events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occur.

We will describe in each applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus any additional events of default relating to the relevant series of debt securities.

If an event of default with respect to debt securities of any series occurs and is continuing, other than an event of default specified in the last bullet point above, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series, by notice to us in writing, and to the trustee if notice is given by such holders, may declare the unpaid principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, due and

payable immediately. If an event of default specified in the last bullet point above occurs with respect to us, the unpaid principal, premium, if any, and accrued interest, if any, of each issue of debt securities then outstanding shall be due and payable without any notice or other action on the part of the trustee or any holder.

The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of an affected series may waive any default or event of default with respect to the series and its consequences, except defaults or events of default regarding payment of principal, premium, if any, or interest, unless we have cured the default or event of default in accordance with the indenture. Any waiver shall cure the default or event of default.

Subject to the terms of the indentures, if an event of default under an indenture shall occur and be continuing, the trustee will be under no obligation to exercise any of its rights or powers under such indenture at the request or direction of any of the holders of the applicable series of debt securities, unless such holders have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity or security satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series will have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee, with respect to the debt securities of that series, provided that:

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the direction so given by the holder is not in conflict with any law or the applicable indenture; and

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subject to its duties under the Trust Indenture Act, the trustee need not take any action that might involve it in personal liability or might be unduly prejudicial to the holders not involved in the proceeding.

A holder of the debt securities of any series will have the right to institute a proceeding under the indentures or to appoint a receiver or trustee, or to seek other remedies if:

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the holder has given written notice to the trustee of a continuing event of default with respect to that series;

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the holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series have made written request, and such holders have offered reasonable indemnity to the trustee or security satisfactory to it against any loss, liability or expense or to be incurred in compliance with instituting the proceeding as trustee; and

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the trustee does not institute the proceeding, and does not receive from the holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series other conflicting directions within 90 days after the notice, request and offer.

These limitations do not apply to a suit instituted by a holder of debt securities if we default in the payment of the principal, premium, if any, or interest on, the debt securities, or other defaults that may be specified in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus.

We will periodically file statements with the trustee regarding our compliance with specified covenants in the indentures.

Modification of Indenture; Waiver

Subject to the terms of the indenture for any series of debt securities that we may issue, we and the trustee may change an indenture without the consent of any holders with respect to the following specific matters:

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to fix any ambiguity, defect or inconsistency in the indenture;

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to comply with the provisions described above under “Description of Debt Securities-Consolidation, Merger or Sale;”

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to comply with any requirements of the SEC in connection with the qualification of any indenture under the Trust Indenture Act;

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to add to, delete from or revise the conditions, limitations, and restrictions on the authorized amount, terms, or purposes of issue, authentication and delivery of debt securities, as set forth in the indenture;

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to provide for the issuance of and establish the form and terms and conditions of the debt securities of any series as provided under “Description of Debt Securities-General,” to establish the form of any certifications required to be furnished pursuant to the terms of the indenture or any series of debt securities, or to add to the rights of the holders of any series of debt securities;

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to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor trustee;

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to provide for uncertificated debt securities and to make all appropriate changes for such purpose;

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to add to our covenants such new covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions for the benefit of the holders, to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and the continuance, of a default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions an event of default or to surrender any right or power conferred to us in the indenture; or

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to change anything that does not materially adversely affect the interests of any holder of debt securities of any series.

In addition, under the indentures, the rights of holders of a series of debt securities may be changed by us and the trustee with the written consent of the holders of at least a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of each series that is affected. However, subject to the terms of the indenture for any series of debt securities that we may issue or as otherwise provided in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we and the trustee may make the following changes only with the consent of each holder of any outstanding debt securities affected:

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extending the stated maturity of the series of debt securities;

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reducing the principal amount, reducing the rate of or extending the time of payment of interest, or reducing any premium payable upon the redemption or repurchase of any debt securities; or

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reducing the percentage of debt securities, the holders of which are required to consent to any amendment, supplement, modification or waiver.

Discharge

Each indenture provides that, subject to the terms of the indenture and any limitation otherwise provided in the prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus applicable to a particular series of debt securities, we can elect to be discharged from our obligations with respect to one or more series of debt securities, except for specified obligations, including obligations to:

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replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities of the series;

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maintain paying agencies;

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hold monies for payment in trust;

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recover excess money held by the trustee;

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compensate and indemnify the trustee; and

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appoint any successor trustee.

In order to exercise our rights to be discharged, we must deposit with the trustee money or government obligations sufficient to pay all the principal of, any premium and interest on, the debt securities of the series on the dates payments are due.

Form, Exchange and Transfer

We will issue the debt securities of each series only in fully registered form without coupons and, unless we otherwise specify in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof. The indentures provide that we may issue debt securities of a series in temporary or permanent global form and as book-entry securities that will be deposited with, or on behalf of, The Depository Trust Company or another depository named by us and identified in a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus with respect to that series. At the option of the holder, subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities described in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, the holder of the debt securities of any series can exchange the debt securities for other debt securities of the same series, in any authorized denomination and of like tenor and aggregate principal amount.

Subject to the terms of the indentures and the limitations applicable to global securities set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, holders of the debt securities may present the debt securities for exchange or for registration of transfer, duly endorsed or with the form of transfer endorsed thereon duly executed if so required by us or the security registrar, at the office of the security registrar or at the office of any transfer agent designated by us for this purpose. Unless otherwise provided in the debt securities that the holder presents for transfer or exchange, we will make no service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange, but we may require payment of any taxes or other governmental charges.

We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus the security registrar, and any transfer agent in addition to the security registrar, that we initially designate for any debt securities. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents or rescind the designation of any transfer agent or approve a change in the office through which any transfer agent acts, except that we will be required to maintain a transfer agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of each series. If we elect to redeem the debt securities of any series, we will not be required to:

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issue, register the transfer of, or exchange any debt securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of mailing of a notice of redemption of any debt securities that may be selected for redemption and ending at the close of business on the day of the mailing; or

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register the transfer of or exchange any debt securities so selected for redemption, in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt securities we are redeeming in part.

Information Concerning the Trustee

The trustee, other than during the occurrence and continuance of an event of default under an indenture, undertakes to perform only those duties as are specifically set forth in the applicable indenture. Upon an event of default under an indenture, the trustee must use the same degree of care as a prudent person would exercise or use in the conduct of his or her own affairs.

Subject to this provision, the trustee is under no obligation to exercise any of the powers given it by the indentures at the request of any holder of debt securities unless it is offered reasonable security and indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities that it might incur.

Payment and Paying Agents

Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, we will make payment of the interest on any debt securities on any interest payment date to the person in whose name the debt securities, or one or more predecessor securities, are registered at the close of business on the regular record date for the interest.

We will pay principal of and any premium and interest on the debt securities of a particular series at the office of the paying agents designated by us, except that unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus

supplement or free writing prospectus, we will make interest payments by check that we will mail to the holder or by wire transfer to certain holders. Unless we otherwise indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus, we will designate the corporate trust office of the trustee as our sole paying agent for payments with respect to debt securities of each series. We will name in the applicable prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus any other paying agents that we initially designate for the debt securities of a particular series. We will maintain a paying agent in each place of payment for the debt securities of a particular series.

All money we pay to a paying agent or the trustee for the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any debt securities that remains unclaimed at the end of two years after such principal, premium or interest has become due and payable will be repaid to us, and the holder of the debt security thereafter may look only to us for payment thereof.

Governing Law

The indentures and the debt securities will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, except to the extent that the Trust Indenture Act is applicable.

Ranking of Debt Securities

The subordinated debt securities will be subordinate and junior in priority of payment to certain of our other indebtedness to the extent described in a prospectus supplement or free writing prospectus. The subordinated indenture does not limit the amount of subordinated debt securities that we may issue. It also does not limit us from issuing any other secured or unsecured debt.

The senior debt securities will rank equally in right of payment to all our other senior unsecured debt. The senior indenture does not limit the amount of senior debt securities that we may issue. It also does not limit us from issuing any other secured or unsecured debt.

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

The following description, together with the additional information we may include in any applicable prospectus supplements, summarizes the material terms and provisions of the warrants that we may offer under this prospectus and the related warrant agreements and warrant certificates. While the terms summarized below will apply generally to any warrants that we may offer, we will describe the particular terms of any series of warrants in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement. If we indicate in the prospectus supplement, the terms of any warrants offered under that prospectus supplement may differ from the terms described below. Specific warrant agreements will contain additional important terms and provisions and will be incorporated by reference as an exhibit to the registration statement, which includes this prospectus.

General

We may issue warrants for the purchase of common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities in one or more series. We may issue warrants independently or together with common stock, preferred stock and/or debt securities, and the warrants may be attached to or separate from these securities.

We will evidence each series of warrants by warrant certificates that we will issue under a separate warrant agreement. We will enter into the warrant agreement with a warrant agent. We will indicate the name and address of the warrant agent in the applicable prospectus supplement relating to a particular series of warrants.

We will describe in the applicable prospectus supplement the terms of the series of warrants, including:

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the offering price and aggregate number of warrants offered;

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the currency for which the warrants may be purchased;

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if applicable, the designation and terms of the securities with which the warrants are issued and the number of warrants issued with each such security or each principal amount of such security;

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if applicable, the date on and after which the warrants and the related securities will be separately transferable;

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in the case of warrants to purchase debt securities, the principal amount of debt securities purchasable upon exercise of one warrant and the price at, and currency in which, this principal amount of debt securities may be purchased upon such exercise;

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in the case of warrants to purchase common stock or preferred stock, the number of shares of common stock or preferred stock, as the case may be, purchasable upon the exercise of one warrant and the price at which these shares may be purchased upon such exercise;

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the effect of any merger, consolidation, sale or other disposition of our business on the warrant agreement and the warrants;

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the terms of any rights to redeem or call the warrants;

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any provisions for changes to or adjustments in the exercise price or number of securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants;

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the periods during which, and places at which, the warrants are exercisable;

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the manner of exercise;

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the dates on which the right to exercise the warrants will commence and expire;

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the manner in which the warrant agreement and warrants may be modified;

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federal income tax consequences of holding or exercising the warrants;

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the terms of the securities issuable upon exercise of the warrants; and

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any other specific terms, preferences, rights or limitations of or restrictions on the warrants.

DESCRIPTION OF UNITS

We may issue units comprised of shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, debt securities and warrants in any combination. We may issue units in such amounts and in as many distinct series as we wish. This section outlines certain provisions of the units that we may issue. If we issue units, they will be issued under one or more unit agreements to be entered into between us and a bank or other financial institution, as unit agent. The information described in this section may not be complete in all respects and is qualified entirely by reference to the unit agreement with respect to the units of any particular series. The specific terms of any series of units offered will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. If so described in a particular supplement, the specific terms of any series of units may differ from the general description of terms presented below. We urge you to read any prospectus supplement related to any series of units we may offer, as well as the complete unit agreement and unit certificate that contain the terms of the units. If we issue units, forms of unit agreements and unit certificates relating to such units will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement, which includes this prospectus.

Each unit that we may issue will be issued so that the holder of the unit is also the holder of each security included in the unit. Thus, the holder of a unit will have the rights and obligations of a holder of each included security. The unit agreement under which a unit is issued may provide that the securities included in the unit may not be held or transferred separately, at any time or at any time before a specified date. The applicable prospectus supplement may describe:

•

the designation and terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units, including whether and under what circumstances those securities may be held or transferred separately;

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any provisions of the governing unit agreement;

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the price or prices at which such units will be issued;

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the applicable United States federal income tax considerations relating to the units;

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any provisions for the issuance, payment, settlement, transfer or exchange of the units or of the securities comprising the units; and

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any other terms of the units and of the securities comprising the units.

The provisions described in this section, as well as those described under “Description of Capital Stock,” “Description of Debt Securities” and “Description of Warrants” will apply to the securities included in each unit, to the extent relevant and as may be updated in any prospectus supplements.

Issuance in Series

We may issue units in such amounts and in as many distinct series as we wish. This section summarizes terms of the units that apply generally to all series. Most of the financial and other specific terms of a particular series of units will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Unit Agreements

We will issue the units under one or more unit agreements to be entered into between us and a bank or other financial institution, as unit agent. We may add, replace or terminate unit agents from time to time. We will identify the unit agreement under which each series of units will be issued and the unit agent under that agreement in the applicable prospectus supplement.

The following provisions will generally apply to all unit agreements unless otherwise stated in the applicable prospectus supplement:

Modification without Consent

We and the applicable unit agent may amend any unit or unit agreement without the consent of any holder:

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to cure any ambiguity; any provisions of the governing unit agreement that differ from those described below;

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to correct or supplement any defective or inconsistent provision; or

•

to make any other change that we believe is necessary or desirable and will not adversely affect the interests of the affected holders in any material respect.

We do not need any approval to make changes that affect only units to be issued after the changes take effect. We may also make changes that do not adversely affect a particular unit in any material respect, even if they adversely affect other units in a material respect. In those cases, we do not need to obtain the approval of the holder of the unaffected unit; we need only obtain any required approvals from the holders of the affected units.

Modification with Consent

We may not amend any particular unit or a unit agreement with respect to any particular unit unless we obtain the consent of the holder of that unit, if the amendment would:

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impair any right of the holder to exercise or enforce any right under a security included in the unit if the terms of that security require the consent of the holder to any changes that would impair the exercise or enforcement of that right; or

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reduce the percentage of outstanding units or any series or class the consent of whose holders is required to amend that series or class, or the applicable unit agreement with respect to that series or class, as described below.

Any other change to a particular unit agreement and the units issued under that agreement would require the following approval:

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If the change affects only the units of a particular series issued under that agreement, the change must be approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding units of that series; or

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If the change affects the units of more than one series issued under that agreement, it must be approved by the holders of a majority of all outstanding units of all series affected by the change, with the units of all the affected series voting together as one class for this purpose.

These provisions regarding changes with majority approval also apply to changes affecting any securities issued under a unit agreement, as the governing document.

In each case, the required approval must be given by written consent.

Unit Agreements Will Not Be Qualified under Trust Indenture Act

No unit agreement will be qualified as an indenture, and no unit agent will be required to qualify as a trustee, under the Trust Indenture Act. Therefore, holders of units issued under unit agreements will not have the protections of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to their units.

Mergers and Similar Transactions Permitted; No Restrictive Covenants or Events of Default

The unit agreements will not restrict our ability to merge or consolidate with, or sell our assets to, another corporation or other entity or to engage in any other transactions. If at any time we merge or consolidate with, or

sell our assets substantially as an entirety to, another corporation or other entity, the successor entity will succeed to and assume our obligations under the unit agreements. We will then be relieved of any further obligation under these agreements.

The unit agreements will not include any restrictions on our ability to put liens on our assets, nor will they restrict our ability to sell our assets. The unit agreements also will not provide for any events of default or remedies upon the occurrence of any events of default.

Governing Law

The unit agreements and the units will be governed by New York law.

Form, Exchange and Transfer

We will issue each unit in global-i.e., book-entry-form only. Units in book-entry form will be represented by a global security registered in the name of a depositary, which will be the holder of all the units represented by the global security. Those who own beneficial interests in a unit will do so through participants in the depositary’s system, and the rights of these indirect owners will be governed solely by the applicable procedures of the depositary and its participants. We will describe book-entry securities, and other terms regarding the issuance and registration of the units in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Each unit and all securities comprising the unit will be issued in the same form.

If we issue any units in registered, non-global form, the following will apply to them.

The units will be issued in the denominations stated in the applicable prospectus supplement. Holders may exchange their units for units of smaller denominations or combined into fewer units of larger denominations, as long as the total amount is not changed.

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Holders may exchange or transfer their units at the office of the unit agent. Holders may also replace lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated units at that office. We may appoint another entity to perform these functions or perform them ourselves.

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Holders will not be required to pay a service charge to transfer or exchange their units, but they may be required to pay for any tax or other governmental charge associated with the transfer or exchange. The transfer or exchange, and any replacement, will be made only if our transfer agent is satisfied with the holder’s proof of legal ownership. The transfer agent may also require an indemnity before replacing any units.

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If we have the right to redeem, accelerate or settle any units before their maturity, and we exercise our right as to less than all those units or other securities, we may block the exchange or transfer of those units during the period beginning 15 days before the day we mail the notice of exercise and ending on the day of that mailing, in order to freeze the list of holders to prepare the mailing. We may also refuse to register transfers of or exchange any unit selected for early settlement, except that we will continue to permit transfers and exchanges of the unsettled portion of any unit being partially settled. We may also block the transfer or exchange of any unit in this manner if the unit includes securities that are or may be selected for early settlement.

Only the depositary will be entitled to transfer or exchange a unit in global form, since it will be the sole holder of the unit.

Payments and Notices

In making payments and giving notices with respect to our units, we will follow the procedures as described in the applicable prospectus supplement

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We may sell the offered securities in and outside the United States (1) through underwriters or dealers, (2) directly to one or more purchasers, including to a limited number of institutional purchasers, to a single purchaser or to our affiliates and stockholders, (3) through agents or (4) through a combination of any of these methods.

If underwriters or dealers are used in the sale, the securities will be acquired by the underwriters or dealers for their own account and may be resold from time to time in one or more transactions, including:

•

in one or more transactions at a fixed price or prices, which may be changed from time to time;

•

in “at-the-market offerings,” within the meaning of Rule 415(a)(4) of the Securities Act, to or through a market maker or into an existing trading market, on an exchange or otherwise;

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through a market maker or into an existing trading market on an exchange or otherwise;

•

at prices related to those prevailing market prices; or

•

at negotiated prices.

The applicable prospectus supplement will set forth the following information to the extent applicable:

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the terms of the offering;

•

the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents;

•

the name or names of any managing underwriter or underwriters;

•

the purchase price of the securities;

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the net proceeds from the sale of the securities;

•

any delayed delivery arrangements;

•

any underwriting discounts, commissions and other items constituting underwriters’ compensation;

•

any initial public offering price;

•

any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and

•

any commissions paid to agents.

Sale through Underwriters or Dealers

If any securities are offered through underwriters, the underwriters will acquire the securities for their own account and may resell them from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. Underwriters may offer and sell securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the offered securities if they purchase any of them. In connection with the sale of securities, underwriters may be deemed to have received compensation from us in the form of underwriting discounts or commissions and dealers may receive compensation from the underwriters in the form of discounts or concessions. The underwriters may change from time to time any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.

In order to facilitate the offering of securities, the underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the securities. Specifically, the underwriters may overallot in connection

with the offering, creating a short position in the securities for their account. In addition, to cover overallotments or to stabilize the price of the shares, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, shares in the open market. Finally, an underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing the securities in the offering if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed shares in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions, or otherwise. Any of these activities may stabilize or maintain the market price of the offered securities above independent market levels. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities, and may discontinue any of these activities at any time.

Some or all of the securities that we offer through this prospectus may be new issues of securities with no established trading market. Any underwriters to whom we sell securities for public offering and sale may make a market in those securities, but they will not be obligated to do so and they may discontinue any market making at any time without notice. Accordingly, we cannot assure you of the liquidity of, or continued trading markets for, any securities offered pursuant to this prospectus.

If any securities are offered through dealers, we will sell the securities to them as principals. They may then resell those securities to the public at varying prices determined by the dealers at the time of resale.

Direct Sales and Sales through Agents

We may sell the securities directly to purchasers. If the securities are sold directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any sale of those securities, we will describe the terms of any such sales in the applicable prospectus supplement. We may also sell the securities through agents designated from time to time. Sales may be made by means of ordinary brokers’ transactions on The Nasdaq Global Market at market prices, in block transactions and such other transactions as agreed by us and any agent. In the applicable prospectus supplement, we will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities, and we will describe any commissions payable to the agent. Unless otherwise provided in the applicable prospectus supplement, any agent will agree to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of its appointment.

At-the-Market Offerings

To the extent that we make sales through one or more underwriters or agents in at-the-market offerings, we will do so pursuant to the terms of a sales agency financing agreement or other at-the-market offering arrangement between us, on one hand, and the underwriters or agents, on the other. If we engage in at-the-market sales pursuant to any such agreement, we will issue and sell our securities through one or more underwriters or agents, which may act on an agency basis or a principal basis. During the term of any such agreement, we may sell securities on a daily basis in exchange transactions or otherwise as we agree with the underwriters or agents. Any such agreement will provide that any securities sold will be sold at prices related to the then prevailing market prices for our securities. Therefore, exact figures regarding proceeds that will be raised or commissions to be paid cannot be determined at this time. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, we may agree to sell, and the relevant underwriters or agents may agree to solicit offers to purchase blocks of our common stock or other securities. The terms of any such agreement will be set forth in more detail in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Remarketing Arrangements

Offered securities may also be offered and sold, if we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, in connection with a remarketing upon their purchase, in accordance with a redemption or repayment pursuant to their terms, or otherwise, by one or more remarketing firms, acting as principals for their own accounts or as our agents. Any remarketing firm will be identified and the terms of its agreements, if any, with us and its compensation will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. Remarketing firms may be deemed to be underwriters of the offered securities under the Securities Act.

Delayed Delivery Contracts

If we so indicate in the applicable prospectus supplement, we may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers by certain institutions to purchase securities from us pursuant to contracts providing for payment and delivery on a specified future date. The applicable prospectus supplement will describe the conditions to those contracts and the commission payable for solicitation of those contracts.

General Information

We may have agreements with the agents, dealers, underwriters and remarketing firms to indemnify them against certain civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act, or to contribute with respect to payments that the agents, dealers or underwriters may be required to make. Agents, dealers, underwriters and remarketing firms may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of their businesses.

Each underwriter, dealer and agent participating in the distribution of any of the securities that are issuable in bearer form will agree that it will not offer, sell or deliver, directly or indirectly, securities in bearer form in the United States or to United States persons, other than qualifying financial institutions, during the restricted period, as defined in United States Treasury Regulations Section 1.163-5(c)(2)(i)(D)(7).

LEGAL MATTERS

Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us by Goodwin Procter LLP, Boston, Massachusetts. Additional legal matters may be passed on for us, or any underwriters, dealers or agents by counsel we will name in the applicable prospectus supplement.

EXPERTS

The consolidated financial statements of Disc Medicine, Inc. (formerly known as Gemini Therapeutics, Inc.) for the year ended December 31, 2021 included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K dated March 10, 2022 have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon, included therein, and, incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

The consolidated financial statements of Disc Medicine Opco, Inc. (formerly known as Disc Medicine, Inc.) for the year ended December 31, 2021, appearing in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 29, 2022, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon, included therein, and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such reports given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

$100,000,000

LOGO

Shares of Common Stock

Pre-Funded Warrants to Purchase Shares of Common Stock

PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT

Joint Book-Running Managers

Morgan Stanley

SVB Securities

Stifel

BMO Capital Markets

Lead Manager

Wedbush PacGrow

, 2023

Disc Medicine (IRON) 424B5Prospectus supplement for primary offering