JPMorgan Chase & Co. 10Q 2016 Q2 Quarterly report

JPMorgan Chase & Co. (JPM) 10-Q2016 Q2 Quarterly report

Content analysis

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934



For the quarterly period ended	Commission file
June 30, 2016	number 1-5805

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Delaware	13-2624428
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. employer identification no.)

270 Park Avenue, New York, New York	10017
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (212) 270-6000

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.



x Yes	o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).



x Yes	o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer x	Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) o	Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).



o Yes	x No

Number of shares of common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2016: 3,611,982,360

FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS



Part I – Financial information		Page
Item 1.	Financial Statements.
	Consolidated Financial Statements – JPMorgan Chase & Co.:
	Consolidated statements of income (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015	81
	Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30 2016 and 2015	82
	Consolidated balance sheets (unaudited) at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015	83
	Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015	84
	Consolidated statements of cash flows (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015	85
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)	86
	Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm	166
	Consolidated Average Balance Sheets, Interest and Rates (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015	167
	Glossary of Terms and Acronyms and Line of Business Metrics	169
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
	Consolidated Financial Highlights	3
	Introduction	4
	Executive Overview	5
	Consolidated Results of Operations	8
	Consolidated Balance Sheets Analysis	12
	Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements	14
	Consolidated Cash Flows Analysis	15
	Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Key Performance Measures	16
	Business Segment Results	18
	Enterprise-Wide Risk Management	40
	Credit Risk Management	41
	Market Risk Management	58
	Country Risk Management	62
	Capital Management	63
	Liquidity Risk Management	70
	Supervision and Regulation	75
	Critical Accounting Estimates Used by the Firm	76
	Accounting and Reporting Developments	78
	Forward-Looking Statements	80
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.	177
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures.	177
Part II – Other information
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings.	177
Item 1A.	Risk Factors.	177
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.	177
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities.	178
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures.	178
Item 5.	Other Information.	178
Item 6.	Exhibits.	178

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Consolidated financial highlights



(unaudited) As of or for the period ended, (in millions, except share, ratio, headcount data and where otherwise noted)																Six months ended June 30,
	2Q16			1Q16			4Q15			3Q15			2Q15			2016			2015
Selected income statement data
Total net revenue	$	24,380		$	23,239		$	22,885		$	22,780		$	23,812		$	47,619		$	47,878
Total noninterest expense	13,638			13,837			14,263			15,368			14,500			27,475			29,383
Pre-provision profit	10,742			9,402			8,622			7,412			9,312			20,144			18,495
Provision for credit losses	1,402			1,824			1,251			682			935			3,226			1,894
Income before income tax expense	9,340			7,578			7,371			6,730			8,377			16,918			16,601
Income tax expense/(benefit)	3,140			2,058			1,937			(74		)	2,087			5,198			4,397
Net income	$	6,200		$	5,520		$	5,434		$	6,804		$	6,290		$	11,720		$	12,204
Earnings per share data
Net income: Basic	$	1.56		$	1.36		$	1.34		$	1.70		$	1.56		$	2.92		$	3.02
Diluted	1.55			1.35			1.32			1.68			1.54			2.89			2.99
Average shares: Basic	3,635.8			3,669.9			3,674.2			3,694.4			3,707.8			3,652.9			3,716.6
Diluted	3,666.5			3,696.9			3,704.6			3,725.6			3,743.6			3,681.7			3,750.5
Market and per common share data
Market capitalization	224,449			216,547			241,899			224,438			250,581			224,449			250,581
Common shares at period-end	3,612.0			3,656.7			3,663.5			3,681.1			3,698.1			3,612.0			3,698.1
Share price^(a):
High	$	66.20		$	64.13		$	69.03		$	70.61		$	69.82		$	66.20		$	69.82
Low	57.05			52.50			58.53			50.07			59.65			52.50			54.27
Close	62.14			59.22			66.03			60.97			67.76			62.14			67.76
Book value per share	62.67			61.28			60.46			59.67			58.49			62.67			58.49
Tangible book value per share (“TBVPS”)^(b)	50.21			48.96			48.13			47.36			46.13			50.21			46.13
Cash dividends declared per share	0.48			0.44			0.44			0.44			0.44			0.92			0.84
Selected ratios and metrics
Return on common equity (“ROE”)	10		%	9		%	9		%	12		%	11		%	10		%	11		%
Return on tangible common equity (“ROTCE”)^(b)	13			12			11			15			14			12			14
Return on assets (“ROA”)	1.02			0.93			0.90			1.11			1.01			0.97			0.97
Overhead ratio	56			60			62			67			61			58			61
Loans-to-deposits ratio	66			64			65			64			61			66			61
High quality liquid assets (“HQLA”) (in billions)^(c)	$	516		$	505		$	496		$	505		$	532		$	516		$	532
Common equity Tier 1 (“CET1”) capital ratio^(d)	12.0%			11.9		%	11.8%			11.5		%	11.2		%	12.0		%	11.2		%
Tier 1 capital ratio^(d)	13.6			13.5			13.5			13.3			12.8			13.6			12.8
Total capital ratio^(d)	15.2			15.1			15.1			14.9			14.4			15.2			14.4
Tier 1 leverage ratio^(d)	8.5			8.6			8.5			8.4			8.0			8.5			8.0
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
Trading assets	$	380,793		$	366,153		$	343,839		$	361,708		$	377,870		$	380,793		$	377,870
Securities	278,610			285,323			290,827			306,660			317,795			278,610			317,795
Loans	872,804			847,313			837,299			809,457			791,247			872,804			791,247
Core loans	775,813			746,196			732,093			698,988			674,767			775,813			674,767
Average core loans	760,721			737,297			715,282			680,224			654,551			749,009			643,315
Total assets	2,466,096			2,423,808			2,351,698			2,416,635			2,449,098			2,466,096			2,449,098
Deposits	1,330,958			1,321,816			1,279,715			1,273,106			1,287,332			1,330,958			1,287,332
Long-term debt^(e)	295,627			290,754			288,651			292,503			286,240			295,627			286,240
Common stockholders’ equity	226,355			224,089			221,505			219,660			216,287			226,355			216,287
Total stockholders’ equity	252,423			250,157			247,573			245,728			241,205			252,423			241,205
Headcount	240,046			237,420			234,598			235,678			237,459			240,046			237,459
Credit quality metrics
Allowance for credit losses	$	15,187		$	15,008		$	14,341		$	14,201		$	14,535		$	15,187		$	14,535
Allowance for loan losses to total retained loans	1.64%			1.66%			1.63%			1.67%			1.78%			1.64%			1.78%
Allowance for loan losses to retained loans excluding purchased credit-impaired loans^(f)	1.40			1.40			1.37			1.40			1.45			1.40			1.45
Nonperforming assets	$	7,757		$	8,023		$	7,034		$	7,294		$	7,588		$	7,757		$	7,588
Net charge-offs	1,181			1,110			1,064			963			1,007			2,291			2,059
Net charge-off rate	0.56%			0.53%			0.52%			0.49%			0.53%			0.54%			0.55%

Note: Effective January 1, 2016, the Firm adopted new accounting guidance related to (1) the recognition and measurement of debit valuation adjustments (“DVA”) on financial liabilities where the fair value option has been elected, and (2) the accounting for employee stock-based incentive payments. For additional information, see Accounting and Reporting Developments on pages 78–79 and Notes 3, 4, and 19.


(a)	Share prices shown for JPMorgan Chase’s common stock are from the New York Stock Exchange.


(b)	TBVPS and ROTCE are considered key financial performance measures. For further discussion of these measures, see Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Key Financial Performance Measures on pages 16–17.


(c)	HQLA represents the amount of assets that qualify for inclusion in the liquidity coverage ratio under the final U.S. rule (“U.S. LCR”). For additional information, see HQLA on page 70.


(d)	Ratios presented are calculated under the Basel III Transitional capital rules and represent the Collins Floor. See Capital Management on pages 63–69 for additional information on Basel III.


(e)	Included unsecured long-term debt of $220.6 billion, $216.1 billion, $211.8 billion, $214.6 billion and $209.1 billion at June 30, 2016, March 31, 2016, December 31, 2015, September 30, 2015 and June 30, 2015, respectively.


(f)	Excluded the impact of residential real estate purchased credit-impaired (“PCI”) loans, a non-GAAP financial measure. For further discussion of these measures, see Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Key Performance Measures on pages 16–17. For further discussion, see Allowance for credit losses on pages 55–57.



INTRODUCTION

The following is management’s discussion and analysis (“MD&A”) of the financial condition and results of operations of JPMorgan Chase & Co. (“JPMorgan Chase” or the “Firm”) for the second quarter of 2016.

This Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with JPMorgan Chase’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“2015 Annual Report or 2015 Form 10-K”), to which reference is hereby made. See the Glossary of terms and acronyms on pages 169–176 for definitions of terms and acronyms used throughout this Form 10-Q.

The MD&A included in this Form 10-Q contains statements that are forward-looking within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on the current beliefs and expectations of JPMorgan Chase’s management and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. For a discussion of certain of those risks and uncertainties and the factors that could cause JPMorgan Chase’s actual results to differ materially because of those risks and uncertainties, see Forward-looking Statements on page 80 of this Form 10-Q and Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, on pages 8–18 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

JPMorgan Chase & Co., a financial holding company incorporated under Delaware law in 1968, is a leading global financial services firm and one of the largest banking institutions in the United States of America (“U.S.”), with operations worldwide; the Firm had $2.5 trillion in assets and $252.4 billion in stockholders’ equity as of June 30, 2016. The Firm is a leader in investment banking, financial

services for consumers and small businesses, commercial banking, financial transaction processing and asset management. Under the J.P. Morgan and Chase brands, the Firm serves millions of customers in the U.S. and many of the world’s most prominent corporate, institutional and government clients.

JPMorgan Chase’s principal bank subsidiaries are JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association (“JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.”), a national banking association with U.S. branches in 23 states, and Chase Bank USA, National Association (“Chase Bank USA, N.A.”), a national banking association that is the Firm’s credit card-issuing bank. JPMorgan Chase’s principal nonbank subsidiary is JPMorgan Securities LLC (“JPMorgan Securities”), the Firm’s U.S. investment banking firm. The bank and nonbank subsidiaries of JPMorgan Chase operate nationally as well as through overseas branches and subsidiaries, representative offices and subsidiary foreign banks. One of the Firm’s principal operating subsidiaries in the United Kingdom (“U.K.”) is J.P. Morgan Securities plc, a subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.

For management reporting purposes, the Firm’s activities are organized into four major reportable business segments, as well as a Corporate segment. The Firm’s consumer business is the Consumer & Community Banking (“CCB”) segment. The Firm’s wholesale business segments are Corporate & Investment Bank (“CIB”), Commercial Banking (“CB”), and Asset Management (“AM”). For a description of the Firm’s business segments, and the products and services they provide to their respective client bases, refer to Note 33 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

This executive overview of the MD&A highlights selected information and may not contain all of the information that is important to readers of this Form 10-Q. For a complete description of the trends and uncertainties, as well as the risks and critical accounting estimates affecting the Firm and its various lines of business, this Form 10-Q should be read in its entirety.



Financial performance of JPMorgan Chase
(unaudited) As of or for the period ended,	Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data and ratios)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Selected income statement data
Total net revenue	$	24,380		$	23,812		2	%	$	47,619		$	47,878		(1)%
Total noninterest expense	13,638			14,500			(6	)	27,475			29,383			(6	)
Pre-provision profit	10,742			9,312			15		20,144			18,495			9
Provision for credit losses	1,402			935			50		3,226			1,894			70
Net income	6,200			6,290			(1	)	11,720			12,204			(4	)
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.55		$	1.54		1	%	$	2.89		$	2.99		(3	)%
Return on common equity	10		%	11		%			10		%	11		%
Capital ratios^(a)
CET1	12.0			11.2					12.0			11.2
Tier 1 capital	13.6			12.8					13.6			12.8


(a)	Ratios presented are calculated under the transitional Basel III rules and represent the Collins Floor. See Capital Management on pages 63–69 for additional information on Basel III.

Business Overview

JPMorgan Chase reported second-quarter 2016 net income of $6.2 billion, or $1.55 per share, on net revenue of $24.4 billion. Net income was relatively flat compared with the second quarter of 2015. The Firm reported a ROE of 10% and a ROTCE of 13%.

Total net revenue was $24.4 billion, up 2% compared with the prior year. Net interest income increased primarily driven by loan growth across businesses and the impact of higher rates, partially offset by lower investment securities balances. Noninterest revenue of $13.0 billion was flat, with an increase in CIB Markets revenue offset by lower revenue in AM, lower CIB Investment Banking revenue and the impact of renegotiated Card co-brand partnership agreements.

Noninterest expense was $13.6 billion, down 6% compared with the prior year, driven by a net legal benefit in the current quarter and continued expense reduction initiatives.

The provision for credit losses was $1.4 billion, up from $935 million, reflecting an increase in the allowance for credit losses in the current quarter versus decreases in the allowance for credit losses in the prior-year quarter. The current quarter reflected higher net charge-offs in wholesale, primarily driven by the Oil & Gas and Metals & Mining portfolios.

The total allowance for credit losses was $15.2 billion at June 30, 2016. At the end of the second quarter of 2016, the Firm had a loan loss coverage ratio, excluding the PCI portfolio, of 1.40%, compared with 1.45% in the prior-year quarter. The Firm’s allowance for loan losses to retained nonaccrual loans, excluding the PCI and credit card portfolios, was 110%, compared with 109% in the prior-year quarter. The Firm’s nonperforming assets totaled $7.8

billion, down from the prior-quarter level of $8.0 billion and up from the prior-year level of $7.6 billion.

Firmwide average core loans increased 16% compared with the prior-year quarter and 3% compared with the first quarter of 2016. Within CCB, average core loans were up 23% over the prior-year quarter. CCB had record growth in average deposits, up $54 billion, or 10%, over the prior-year quarter. Credit card sales volume was up 8% and merchant processing volume was up 13% from the prior-year quarter. CCB had nearly 25 million active mobile customers in the second quarter of 2016, up 18% over the prior-year quarter.

CIB maintained its #1 ranking for Global Investment Banking fees with a 7.9% wallet share for the second quarter of 2016. Within CB, average loans were up 13% from the prior-year quarter. AM had record average loans, up 4% over the prior-year quarter and 81% of AM’s mutual fund assets under management ranked in the 1st or 2nd quartiles over the past 5 years.

For a detailed discussion of results by line of business, refer to the Business Segment Results on pages 18–39.

The Firm maintained its fortress balance sheet and added to its capital, ending the second quarter of 2016 with a TBVPS of $50.21, up 9% over the prior-year quarter. The Firm’s estimated Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In CET1 capital and ratio were $179 billion and 11.9%, respectively. The Fully Phased-In supplementary leverage ratio (“SLR”) for the Firm and for JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. was each 6.6% at June 30, 2016. The Firm also was compliant with the Fully Phased-In U.S. LCR and had $516 billion of HQLA as of June 30, 2016. For further discussion of the liquidity coverage ratio (“LCR”) and HQLA, see Liquidity Risk Management on pages 70–74.

Key performance measures: ROTCE and TBVPS are considered key financial performance measures. Each of the Fully Phased-In capital and leverage measures is considered a key regulatory capital measure.

For further discussion of Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In measures and the SLR under the U.S. final SLR rule, see Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Key Performance Measures on pages 16–17, and Capital Management on pages 63–69.

JPMorgan Chase continues to support consumers, businesses and communities around the globe. The Firm provided credit and raised capital of $1.2 trillion for commercial and consumer clients during the first six months of 2016. This included providing $369 billion of credit to corporations, $123 billion to consumers, and $12 billion to U.S. small businesses. During the first six months of 2016, the Firm also raised $599 billion of capital for corporate clients and non-U.S. government entities and provided credit and raised capital of $47 billion for nonprofit and U.S. government entities, including U.S. states, municipalities, hospitals and universities.

Regulatory and business developments

In March 2016, the Basel Committee proposed revisions to the operational and credit risk capital frameworks of Basel III and in April 2016, proposed a recalibration of the leverage ratio, changes to the definition of defaulted assets and finalized the treatment of interest rate risk in the banking book. As these proposals are finalized by the Basel Committee, U.S. banking regulators will propose requirements applicable to U.S. financial institutions. In March 2016, the Federal Reserve Board released a revised proposal to establish single-counterparty credit limits for large U.S. bank holding companies and foreign banking organizations. The Firm continues to assess the impacts as the proposed rules are finalized and will make appropriate adjustments to its businesses in response to these and other ongoing developments in regulatory requirements.

On April 6, 2016, the U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) issued its final “fiduciary” rule. The rule will deem many of the investment, rollover and asset management recommendations from broker-dealers, banks and other financial institutions to clients regarding their individual retirement accounts and other retirement accounts fiduciary “investment advice” under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (“ERISA”), as amended. Among the most significant impacts of the rule and related prohibited transaction exemptions will be the impact on the fee and compensation practices at financial institutions and on certain fee and revenue sharing arrangements among funds, fund sponsors and the financial institutions that offer investment advice to retail retirement clients. The related exemptions may require new client contracts, adherence to “impartial conduct” standards (including a requirement to act in the “best interest” of retirement clients) the adoption of related policies and procedures, as well as website and other disclosures to both investors and the DOL. The Firm believes it will be able to

conform its business practices to meet the requirements of the new rule and exemptions within the prescribed time periods.

On April 13, 2016, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) and the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve”) jointly announced determinations and provided firm-specific feedback on the 2015 resolution plans of eight systemically important domestic banking institutions, including the Firm. The FDIC and the Federal Reserve jointly determined that the 2015 resolution plan of the Firm, along with the 2015 resolution plans of four other U.S. banking institutions, was not credible or would not facilitate an orderly resolution under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, as provided under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”), because the plan contained certain deficiencies identified by the two agencies. If the Firm does not adequately remediate the identified deficiencies in its plan by October 1, 2016, the FDIC and the Federal Reserve may impose more stringent prudential requirements on the Firm, including more stringent capital, leverage, or liquidity requirements, as well as restrictions on the growth, activities, or operations of the Firm, or its subsidiaries. The FDIC and the Federal Reserve also identified certain shortcomings in the Firm’s 2015 resolution plan which must be satisfactorily addressed in the Firm’s resolution plan due on July 1, 2017. The Firm is committed to meeting the regulators’ expectations and fully remediating the identified deficiencies and shortcomings within the prescribed deadlines.

On June 23, 2016, the U.K. conducted a referendum and voted to leave the European Union. Many international banks, including the Firm, operate substantial parts of their European Union business from entities based in the U.K. Upon the U.K. leaving the European Union, the regulatory and legal environment that would then exist, and to which the Firm’s U.K. operations would then be subject, will depend on, in certain respects, the nature of the arrangements agreed with the European Union and other trading partners.

These arrangements cannot be predicted, but currently the Firm does not believe any of the likely identified scenarios would threaten the viability of the Firm’s business units or the Firm’s ability to serve clients across the European Union and in the U.K. However, it is possible that under some scenarios, changes to the Firm’s legal entity structure and operations would be required, which might result in a less efficient operating model across the Firm’s European legal entities.

On June 29, 2016, the Federal Reserve informed the Firm that it did not object, on either a quantitative or qualitative basis, to the Firm’s 2016 capital plan, submitted under the Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (“CCAR”). For additional information see Capital Management on pages 63–69.

2016 Business outlook

These current expectations are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements are based on the current beliefs and expectations of JPMorgan Chase’s management and are subject to significant risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties could cause the Firm’s actual results to differ materially from those set forth in such forward-looking statements. See Forward-Looking Statements on page 80 of this Form 10-Q and Risk Factors on pages 8–18 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report. There is no assurance that actual results for the full year of 2016 will be in line with the outlook set forth below, and the Firm does not undertake to update any of these forward-looking statements to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that arise after the date hereof.

JPMorgan Chase’s outlook for the remainder of 2016 should be viewed against the backdrop of the global and U.S. economies, financial markets activity, the geopolitical environment, the competitive environment, client activity levels, and regulatory and legislative developments in the U.S. and other countries where the Firm does business. Each of these interrelated factors will affect the performance of the Firm and its lines of business. The Firm expects it will continue to make appropriate adjustments to its businesses and operations in response to ongoing developments in the legal and regulatory, as well as business and economic, environment in which it operates.

Assuming there are no changes in interest rates during the remainder of 2016, management expects full-year 2016 net interest income could be over $2 billion higher compared to 2015 levels, reflecting the Federal Reserve’s rate increase in December 2015 and anticipated loan growth.

Management also expects managed noninterest revenue of approximately $50 billion in 2016, although actual results will depend on market conditions. The anticipated decline from 2015 levels is expected to be driven primarily by lower Card revenue, reflecting renegotiated co-brand partnership agreements, lower Investment Banking fees and lower Asset Management revenue.

Management expects core loan growth of approximately 10%-15% in 2016 as well as continued growth in consumer deposits; as a result of these two factors, the Firm’s average balance sheet is anticipated to reach approximately $2.45 trillion in 2016.

The Firm continues to experience charge-offs at levels lower than its through-the-cycle expectations reflecting favorable credit trends across the consumer and wholesale portfolios (excluding the Oil & Gas and Metals & Mining portfolios). Management expects total net charge-offs of up to approximately $4.75 billion in 2016, with the increase from 2015 levels driven by loan growth as well as higher charge-offs in the Oil & Gas portfolio.

The Firm continues to take a disciplined approach to managing its expenses, while investing in growth and innovation. The Firm intends to leverage its scale and improve its operating efficiencies, in order to reinvest its expense savings in additional technology and marketing investments and fund other growth initiatives. As a result, Firmwide adjusted expense in 2016 is expected to be approximately $56 billion (excluding Firmwide legal expense).



CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This section provides a comparative discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s Consolidated Results of Operations on a reported basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, unless otherwise specified. Factors that relate primarily to a single business segment are discussed in more detail within that business segment. For a discussion of the Critical Accounting Estimates Used by the Firm that affect the Consolidated Results of Operations, see pages 76–77 of this Form 10-Q and pages 165–169 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



Revenue
	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Investment banking fees	$	1,644	$	1,833	(10	)%	$	2,977	$	3,627	(18	)%
Principal transactions	2,976		2,834		5		5,655		6,489		(13	)
Lending- and deposit-related fees	1,403		1,418		(1	)	2,806		2,781		1
Asset management, administration and commissions	3,681		4,015		(8	)	7,305		7,822		(7	)
Securities gains	21		44		(52	)	72		96		(25	)
Mortgage fees and related income	689		783		(12	)	1,356		1,488		(9	)
Card income	1,358		1,615		(16	)	2,659		3,046		(13	)
Other income^(a)	1,261		586		115		2,062		1,168		77
Noninterest revenue	13,033		13,128		(1	)	24,892		26,517		(6	)
Net interest income	11,347		10,684		6		22,727		21,361		6
Total net revenue	$	24,380	$	23,812	2%		$	47,619	$	47,878	(1)%


(a)	Included operating lease income of $651 million and $504 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $1.3 billion and $973 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Quarterly results

Total net revenue was up by 2% primarily reflecting higher net interest income. Noninterest revenue was flat, with the increase in Markets revenue in CIB and higher other income, which included a gain in CCB on the sale of Visa Europe interests offset by lower revenue in AM, lower CIB Investment Banking revenue and the impact of renegotiated Card co-brand partnership agreements.

Investment banking fees decreased predominantly driven by lower equity underwriting fees compared to a strong quarter in the prior year, reflecting lower industry-wide fee levels. For additional information on investment banking fees, see CIB segment results on pages 25–29, CB segment results on pages 30–33 and Note 6.

Principal transactions revenue increased largely reflecting higher Fixed Income Markets revenue in CIB as a result of strong performance in Rates and Currencies & Emerging Markets on higher client flows driven by increased issuance-related activity, improved global emerging market sentiment and increased volumes in foreign exchange markets. Performance in Credit Products also improved as client risk appetite recovered in a less volatile environment driving higher primary and secondary market activity. The increase was partially offset by a net reduction in Credit Adjustments & Other in CIB, and fair value losses on the investment in Square in CCB. For additional information on principal transactions revenue, see CIB segment results on pages 25–29 and Note 6.

Lending- and deposit-related fees were flat. For information on lending- and deposit-related fees, see the segment results for CCB on pages 19–24, CIB on pages 25–29, and CB on pages 30–33.

Asset management, administration and commissions revenue decreased largely reflecting the impact of weaker markets (including generally lower average equity market values compared with the prior year), lower performance fees and lower brokerage activity, particularly in AM. For additional information on these fees and commissions, see the segment discussions of CCB on pages 19–24, AM on pages 34–37, and Note 6.

Mortgage fees and related income decreased due to lower servicing revenue, largely as a result of a lower level of third-party loans serviced, partially offset by higher net production revenue. For further information on mortgage fees and related income, see the segment discussion of CCB on pages 19–24 and Note 16.

Card income decreased due to the impact of renegotiated co-brand partnership agreements and higher amortization of new account origination costs. For further information, see CCB segment results on pages 19–24.

Other income increased predominantly reflecting a gain on the sale of Visa Europe interests and higher operating lease income reflecting growth in auto operating leased assets, both in CCB.

Net interest income increased primarily driven by loan growth across businesses and the impact of higher rates, partially offset by lower investment securities balances and higher interest expense on long-term debt primarily associated with hedging activity. The Firm’s average interest-earning assets and net interest yield, on a fully taxable equivalent (“FTE”) basis, were $2.1 trillion and 2.25% (an increase of 16 basis points), respectively.

Year-to-date results

Total net revenue was flat, with the decrease in noninterest revenue offset by the increase in net interest income. The decrease in noninterest revenue was primarily driven by lower revenue in CIB and AM, and the impact of renegotiated Card co-brand partnership agreements, partially offset by higher other income, which included a gain in CCB on the sale of Visa Europe interests.

Investment banking fees decreased driven by lower equity and debt underwriting fees reflecting a decline in industry-wide fee levels. Debt underwriting fees were also impacted by fewer large acquisition finance deals.

Principal transactions revenue decreased largely reflecting the following in CIB: a net reduction in Credit Adjustments

& Other on widening credit spreads, and lower Equity Markets revenue compared with a strong prior year, particularly in Asia.

Lending- and deposit-related fees were flat. For information on lending- and deposit-related fees, see the segment results for CCB on pages 19–24, CIB on pages 25–29, and CB on pages 30–33.

Asset management, administration and commissions revenue decreased largely reflecting the impact of the challenging market environment, particularly in AM.

Mortgage fees and related income decreased due to lower servicing revenue, largely as a result of a lower level of third-party loans serviced, and lower net production revenue, largely offset by higher mortgage servicing rights (“MSR”) risk management results.

Card income decreased due to the impact of renegotiated co-brand partnership agreements and higher amortization of new account origination costs, partially offset by higher card sales volume. For further information, see CCB segment results on pages 19–24.

Other income increased predominantly reflecting a gain on the sale of Visa Europe interests in CCB, a gain on sale of an asset in AM, higher operating lease income reflecting growth in auto operating leased assets in CCB, and the impact of a loss recorded in the prior year related to the accelerated amortization of cash flow hedges associated with the exit of certain non-operating deposits.

Net interest income increased primarily driven by loan growth across businesses and the impact of higher rates, partially offset by lower investment securities balances and higher interest expense on long-term debt primarily associated with hedging activity. The Firm’s average interest-earning assets and net interest yield, on a FTE basis, were $2.1 trillion and 2.28% (an increase of 20 basis points), respectively.



Provision for credit losses
	Three months ended June 30,							Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015			Change		2016		2015		Change
Consumer, excluding credit card	$	95	$	(98	)	NM		$	316	$	44	NM
Credit card	1,110		800			39	%	1,940		1,589		22	%
Total consumer	1,205		702			72	%	2,256		1,633		38	%
Wholesale	197		233			(15	)%	970		261		272	%
Total provision for credit losses	$	1,402	$	935		50	%	$	3,226	$	1,894	70	%

Quarterly results

The provision for credit losses increased due to additions to the allowance for credit losses compared with reductions in the prior year, and higher net charge-offs. The Consumer provision reflected an increase in the allowance for credit losses primarily driven by higher loss rates in newer credit card vintages, as well as growth in the credit card and auto loan portfolios, partially offset by reductions in the allowance due to continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio, as well as runoff in the student loan portfolio. The Wholesale provision reflected higher net charge-offs primarily driven by Oil & Gas and Metals & Mining and a net addition to the allowance for credit losses of approximately $50 million; the allowance reflected an increase of approximately $200 million, driven by a single Oil & Gas name in the CIB, which was largely offset by releases in the allowance across the remainder of the portfolio.

For a more detailed discussion of the credit portfolio and the allowance for credit losses, see the segment discussions of CCB on pages 19–24, CIB on pages 25–29, CB on pages 30–33, and the Allowance for credit losses on pages 55–57.

Year-to-date results

The provision for credit losses increased due to additions to the allowance for credit losses compared with reductions in the prior year, and higher net charge-offs. The Consumer provision reflected an increase in the allowance for credit losses primarily driven by higher loss rates in newer credit card vintages, as well as growth in the credit card and auto loan portfolios, partially offset by reductions in the allowance due to continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio, as well as runoff in the student loan portfolio. The Wholesale provision reflected higher net charge-offs primarily driven by Oil & Gas and Metals & Mining and an addition to the allowance for credit losses of approximately $750 million, reflecting an increase of approximately $700 million related to the Oil & Gas and Natural Gas Pipelines portfolios.



Noninterest expense
	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Compensation expense	$	7,778	$	7,694	1	%	$	15,438	$	15,737	(2	)%
Noncompensation expense:
Occupancy	899		923		(3	)	1,782		1,856		(4	)
Technology, communications and equipment	1,665		1,499		11		3,283		2,990		10
Professional and outside services	1,700		1,768		(4	)	3,248		3,402		(5	)
Marketing	672		642		5		1,375		1,233		12
Other expense^(a)(b)	924		1,974		(53	)	2,349		4,165		(44	)
Total noncompensation expense	5,860		6,806		(14	)	12,037		13,646		(12	)
Total noninterest expense	$	13,638	$	14,500	(6	)%	$	27,475	$	29,383	(6	)%


(a)	Included firmwide legal expense of $(430) million and $291 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $(476) million and $978 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively


(b)	Included FDIC-related expense of $283 million and $300 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $552 million and $618 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Quarterly results

Total noninterest expense decreased by 6% driven by a net legal benefit in the current quarter compared with a legal expense in the prior year, and the impact of continued expense reduction initiatives.

Compensation expense increased predominantly driven by higher performance-based compensation expense in CIB, partially offset by the impact of continued expense reduction initiatives, including lower headcount in certain businesses (offset by higher headcount in Corporate).

Noncompensation expense decreased as a result of a net legal benefit in the current quarter (compared with a legal expense in the prior year), and lower professional services expense, including lower legal services expense; the prior year included a loss on an asset held for sale in AM. These factors were partially offset by higher depreciation expense reflecting growth in auto operating leased assets in CCB. For a further discussion of legal matters, see Note 23.

Year-to-date results

Total noninterest expense decreased by 6% driven by a net legal benefit in the current year compared with a legal expense in the prior year, lower performance-based compensation expense, and the impact of continued expense reduction initiatives, partially offset by incremental investments and growth in the businesses.

Compensation expense decreased predominantly driven by lower performance-based compensation expense in CIB and AM, and the impact of continued expense reduction initiatives, including lower headcount in certain businesses (offset by higher headcount in Corporate).

Noncompensation expense decreased as a result of a net legal benefit in the current year (compared with a legal expense in the prior year); lower professional services expense, including lower legal services and contractors; lower regulatory-related expense; and the impact of the disposal of assets recorded in AM, partially offset by higher depreciation expense from growth in auto operating leased assets and higher investments in marketing, both in CCB; and the impact of a benefit recorded in the prior year from a franchise tax settlement. For a further discussion of legal matters, see Note 23.



Income tax expense
(in millions, except rate)	Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except rate)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Income before income tax expense	$	9,340		$	8,377		11	%	$	16,918		$	16,601		2	%
Income tax expense	3,140			2,087			50		5,198			4,397			18
Effective tax rate	33.6		%	24.9		%			30.7		%	26.5		%

Quarterly results

Year-to-date results

The effective tax rate increased due to higher income tax expense in the current period from tax audits, compared with higher income tax benefits in the prior year from tax audits. The increase was partially offset by tax benefits from the adoption of new accounting guidance related to employee stock-based incentive payments, and changes in the mix of income and expense subject to U.S. federal and state and local taxes. For additional details on the impact of the new accounting guidance, see Accounting and Reporting Developments on pages 78–79.



CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS ANALYSIS

Consolidated balance sheets overview

The following is a discussion of the significant changes between June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.



Selected Consolidated balance sheets data
(in millions)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Change
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	19,710		$	20,490		(4	)%
Deposits with banks	345,595			340,015			2
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	237,267			212,575			12
Securities borrowed	103,225			98,721			5
Trading assets:
Debt and equity instruments	302,347			284,162			6
Derivative receivables	78,446			59,677			31
Securities	278,610			290,827			(4	)
Loans	872,804			837,299			4
Allowance for loan losses	(14,227		)	(13,555		)	5
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses	858,577			823,744			4
Accrued interest and accounts receivable	64,911			46,605			39
Premises and equipment	14,262			14,362			(1	)
Goodwill	47,303			47,325			—
Mortgage servicing rights	5,072			6,608			(23	)
Other intangible assets	917			1,015			(10	)
Other assets	109,854			105,572			4
Total assets	$	2,466,096		$	2,351,698		5

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements

The increase was due to higher demand for securities to cover short positions related to client-driven market-making activities in CIB, and the deployment of excess cash by Treasury. For additional information on the Firm’s Liquidity Risk Management, see pages 70–74.

Trading assets and liabilities–debt and equity instruments

The increase in trading assets and liabilities was predominantly related to client-driven market-making activities in CIB. The increase in trading assets reflected higher debt instruments, partially offset by lower equity instruments. The increase in trading liabilities reflected higher levels of short positions in debt and equity instruments. For additional information, refer to Note 3.

Trading assets and liabilities–derivative receivables and payables

The increase in derivative receivables and payables was predominantly related to client-driven market-making activities in CIB, which resulted in higher interest rate and foreign exchange derivative receivables and payables, driven by market movements. For additional information, refer to Derivative contracts on pages 53–54, and Notes 3 and 5.

Securities

The decrease was predominantly due to net sales, maturities and paydowns in corporate debt securities and non-U.S. residential mortgage-backed securities reflecting a shift to loans. For additional information, see Notes 3

and 11.

Loans and allowance for loan losses

The increase in loans was driven by higher wholesale and consumer loans. The increase in wholesale loans was driven by strong originations of commercial and industrial loans in CB and CIB, and commercial real estate loans in CB. The increase in consumer loans reflects retention of originated high-quality prime mortgages and growth in auto loans.

The increase in the allowance for loan losses was attributable to additions to both the wholesale and consumer allowances. The increase in the wholesale allowance reflects downgrades in the Oil & Gas, Natural Gas Pipelines, and Metals & Mining portfolios. The increase in the consumer allowance was primarily driven by higher loss rates in newer credit card vintages, as well as growth in the credit card and auto loan portfolios, partially offset by reductions in the allowance due to continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio, as well as runoff in the student loan portfolio. For a more detailed discussion of loans and the allowance for loan losses, refer to Credit Risk Management on pages 41–57, and Notes 3, 4, 13 and 14.

Accrued interest and accounts receivable

The increase was driven by higher client receivables related to client-driven market-making activities in CIB.

Mortgage servicing rights

For additional information on MSRs, see Note 16.



Selected Consolidated balance sheets data (continued)
(in millions)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Change
Liabilities
Deposits	$	1,330,958	$	1,279,715	4
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	166,044		152,678		9
Commercial paper	17,279		15,562		11
Other borrowed funds	19,945		21,105		(5	)
Trading liabilities:
Debt and equity instruments	101,194		74,107		37
Derivative payables	57,764		52,790		9
Accounts payable and other liabilities	184,635		177,638		4
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”)	40,227		41,879		(4	)
Long-term debt	295,627		288,651		2
Total liabilities	2,213,673		2,104,125		5
Stockholders’ equity	252,423		247,573		2
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,466,096	$	2,351,698	5	%

Deposits

The increase was attributable to higher consumer and wholesale deposits. The increase in consumer deposits was due to continued growth from new and existing customers, as well as the impact of low attrition rates. The increase in wholesale deposits was mainly driven by growth in client activity in CIB’s Treasury Services business. For more information on deposits, refer to the Liquidity Risk Management discussion on pages 70–74; and Notes 3

and 17.

Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements

The increase was due to higher secured financing of investment securities in the Chief Investment Office (“CIO”), and higher client-driven market-making activities in CIB. For additional information on the Firm’s Liquidity Risk Management, see pages 70–74.

Stockholders’ equity

The increase was due to net income and higher accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”), partially offset by cash dividends on common and preferred stock and repurchases of common stock. For additional information on changes in stockholders’ equity, see page 84, and on the Firm’s capital actions, see Capital actions on page 68.



OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

In the normal course of business, the Firm enters into various contractual obligations that may require future cash payments. Certain obligations are recognized on-balance sheet, while others are off-balance sheet under accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”). The Firm is involved with several types of off–balance sheet arrangements, including through nonconsolidated special-purpose entities (“SPEs”), which are a type of VIE, and through lending-related financial instruments (e.g., commitments and guarantees). For further discussion, see Note 21 of this Form 10-Q and Off–Balance Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Cash Obligations on pages 77–78 and Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Special-purpose entities

The most common type of VIE is an SPE. SPEs are commonly used in securitization transactions in order to isolate certain assets and distribute the cash flows from those assets to investors. SPEs are an important part of the financial markets, including the mortgage- and asset-backed securities and commercial paper markets, as they provide market liquidity by facilitating investors’ access to specific portfolios of assets and risks. The Firm holds capital, as deemed appropriate, against all SPE-related transactions and related exposures, such as derivative transactions and lending-related commitments and guarantees. For further information on the types of SPEs, see Note 15 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 1 and Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Implications of a credit rating downgrade to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.

For certain liquidity commitments to SPEs, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., could be required to provide funding if its short-term credit rating were downgraded below specific levels, primarily “P-1,” “A-1” and “F1” for Moody’s Investor Service (“Moody’s”), Standard & Poor’s and Fitch, respectively. These liquidity commitments support the issuance of asset-backed commercial paper by Firm-administered consolidated SPEs. In the event of a short-term credit rating downgrade, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., absent other solutions, would be required to provide funding to the SPE if the commercial paper could not be reissued as it matured. The aggregate amounts of

commercial paper outstanding held by third parties as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, was $5.4 billion and $8.7 billion, respectively. The aggregate amounts of commercial paper issued by these SPEs could increase in future periods should clients of the Firm-administered consolidated SPEs draw down on certain unfunded lending-related commitments. These unfunded lending-related commitments were $9.0 billion and $5.6 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively. The Firm could facilitate the refinancing of some of the clients’ assets in order to reduce the funding obligation. For further information, see the discussion of Firm-administered multiseller conduits in Note 15.

The Firm also acts as liquidity provider for certain municipal bond vehicles. The Firm’s obligation to perform as liquidity provider is conditional and is limited by certain termination events, which include bankruptcy or failure to pay by the municipal bond issuer and any credit enhancement provider, an event of taxability on the municipal bonds or the immediate downgrade of the municipal bond to below investment grade. See Note 15 for additional information.

Off–balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, guarantees, and other commitments

JPMorgan Chase provides lending-related financial instruments (e.g., commitments and guarantees) to meet the financing needs of its customers. The contractual amount of these financial instruments represents the maximum possible credit risk to the Firm should the counterparty draw upon the commitment or the Firm be required to fulfill its obligation under the guarantee, and should the counterparty subsequently fail to perform according to the terms of the contract. Most of these commitments and guarantees expire without being drawn or a default occurring. As a result, the total contractual amount of these instruments is not, in the Firm’s view, representative of its actual future credit exposure or funding requirements. For further discussion of lending-related financial instruments, guarantees and other commitments, and the Firm’s accounting for them, see Lending-related commitments on page 53 and Note 21 (including the table that presents the related amounts by contractual maturity as of June 30, 2016). For a discussion of liabilities associated with loan sales- and securitization-related indemnifications, see Note 21.



CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS ANALYSIS

Consolidated cash flows overview

The following is a discussion of cash flow activities during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



(in millions)	Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015
Net cash provided by/(used in)
Operating activities	$	(22,907	)	$	32,175
Investing activities	(52,064		)	77,471
Financing activities	74,159			(113,429		)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	32			47
Net decrease in cash and due from banks	$	(780	)	$	(3,736	)

Operating activities

Operating assets and liabilities can vary significantly in the normal course of business due to the amount and timing of cash flows, which are affected by client-driven and risk management activities and market conditions. The Firm believes cash flows from operations, available cash balances and its capacity to generate cash through secured and unsecured sources are sufficient to meet the Firm’s operating liquidity needs.

Cash used in operating activities in 2016 resulted from an increase in accrued interest and accounts receivables driven by higher client receivables related to client-driven market-making activities in CIB. Additionally, in 2016, cash used reflected an increase in trading assets, which was predominantly offset by an increase in trading liabilities, reflecting client-driven market-making activities in CIB. In 2016 and 2015, cash was provided by net income after noncash operating adjustments; partially offset by higher net originations and purchases of loans held-for-sale. In 2015, cash was provided by a decrease in trading assets which more than offset cash used by a decrease in trading liabilities predominantly due to client-driven market-making activities in CIB; and a decrease in securities borrowed resulting from lower demand for securities to cover customer short positions in CIB.

Investing activities

Cash used in investing activities during 2016 resulted from net originations of consumer and wholesale loans. The increase in wholesale loans was driven by strong originations of commercial and industrial loans in CB and CIB, and commercial real estate loans in CB. The increase in consumer loans reflects retention of originated high-quality prime mortgages and growth in auto loans. Additionally, in 2016, cash outflows reflected an increase in securities purchased under resale agreements due to higher demand for securities to cover short positions related to client-driven market-making activities in CIB, and the deployment of excess cash by Treasury. Partially offsetting these cash outflows were net proceeds from paydowns, maturities, sales and purchases of investment securities. Cash provided by investing activities during 2015 predominantly resulted from a net decrease in deposits with banks which was attributable to lower wholesale non-operating deposits; and net proceeds from paydowns, maturities, sales and purchases of investment securities. Partially offsetting these inflows was cash used for net originations of consumer and wholesale loans.

Financing activities

Cash provided by financing activities in 2016 resulted from higher consumer and wholesale deposits. Consumer deposits increased due to the continued growth from new and existing customers, as well as the impact of low attrition rates. Wholesale deposits increased reflecting growth in client activity in Treasury Services. Cash was also provided in 2016 by an increase in securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements due to higher secured financing of investment securities in CIO, and higher client-driven market-making activities in CIB; and net proceeds from long-term borrowings. Cash used in financing activities in 2015 resulted from lower wholesale deposits, reflecting the Firm’s actions to reduce non-operating deposits, partially offset by higher consumer deposits. Partially offsetting these outflows were net proceeds from long-term borrowings. For both periods, cash was used for repurchases of common stock and dividends on common and preferred stock. In 2015 cash was provided by the issuance of preferred stock.

* * *

For a further discussion of the activities affecting the Firm’s cash flows, see Consolidated Balance Sheets Analysis on pages 12–13, Capital Management on pages 63–69, and Liquidity Risk Management on pages 70–74 of this Form 10-Q, and page 75 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

EXPLANATION AND RECONCILIATION OF THE FIRM’S USE OF NON-GAAP FINANCIAL MEASURES AND KEY PERFORMANCE MEASURES

Non-GAAP financial measures

The Firm prepares its Consolidated Financial Statements using U.S. GAAP; these financial statements appear on pages 81–85. That presentation, which is referred to as “reported” basis, provides the reader with an understanding of the Firm’s results that can be tracked consistently from year-to-year and enables a comparison of the Firm’s performance with other companies’ U.S. GAAP financial statements.

In addition to analyzing the Firm’s results on a reported basis, management reviews the Firm’s results, including the overhead ratio and the results of the lines of business, on a “managed” basis, which are non-GAAP financial measures. The Firm’s definition of managed basis starts with the reported U.S. GAAP results and includes certain reclassifications to present total net revenue for the Firm (and each of the reportable business segments) on an FTE basis. Accordingly, revenue from investments that receive tax credits and tax-exempt securities is presented in the

managed results on a basis comparable to taxable investments and securities. This non-GAAP financial measure allows management to assess the comparability of revenue from year-to-year arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources. The corresponding income tax impact related to tax-exempt items is recorded within income tax expense. These adjustments have no impact on net income as reported by the Firm as a whole or by the lines of business.

Management also uses certain non-GAAP financial measures at the business-segment level, because it believes these other non-GAAP financial measures provide information to investors about the underlying operational performance and trends of the particular business segment and, therefore, facilitate a comparison of the business segment with the performance of its competitors. Non-GAAP financial measures used by the Firm may not be comparable to similarly named non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.

The following summary table provides a reconciliation from the Firm’s reported U.S. GAAP results to managed basis.



	Three months ended June 30,
	2016								2015
(in millions, except ratios)	Reported results			Fully taxable-equivalent adjustments^(a)		Managed basis			Reported results			Fully taxable-equivalent adjustments^(a)		Managed basis
Other income	$	1,261		$	529	$	1,790		$	586		$	447	$	1,033
Total noninterest revenue	13,033			529		13,562			13,128			447		13,575
Net interest income	11,347			305		11,652			10,684			272		10,956
Total net revenue	24,380			834		25,214			23,812			719		24,531
Pre-provision profit	10,742			834		11,576			9,312			719		10,031
Income before income tax expense	9,340			834		10,174			8,377			719		9,096
Income tax expense	$	3,140		$	834	$	3,974		$	2,087		$	719	$	2,806
Overhead ratio	56		%	NM		54		%	61		%	NM		59		%

	Six months ended June 30,
	2016								2015
(in millions, except ratios)	Reported results			Fully taxable-equivalent adjustments^(a)		Managed basis			Reported results			Fully taxable-equivalent adjustments^(a)		Managed basis
Other income	$	2,062		$	1,080	$	3,142		$	1,168		$	928	$	2,096
Total noninterest revenue	24,892			1,080		25,972			26,517			928		27,445
Net interest income	22,727			598		23,325			21,361			545		21,906
Total net revenue	47,619			1,678		49,297			47,878			1,473		49,351
Pre-provision profit	20,144			1,678		21,822			18,495			1,473		19,968
Income before income tax expense	16,918			1,678		18,596			16,601			1,473		18,074
Income tax expense	$	5,198		$	1,678	$	6,876		$	4,397		$	1,473	$	5,870
Overhead ratio	58		%	NM		56		%	61		%	NM		60		%

(a) Predominantly recognized in CIB and CB business segments and Corporate.

Additionally, certain credit metrics and ratios disclosed by the Firm are non-GAAP measures. For additional information on these non-GAAP measures, see Credit Risk Management on pages 41–57.

Net interest income excluding markets-based activities

In addition to reviewing net interest income on a managed basis, management also reviews net interest income excluding CIB’s markets-based activities to assess the performance of the Firm’s lending, investing (including asset-liability management) and deposit-raising activities.

The data presented below are non-GAAP financial measures due to the exclusion of CIB’s markets-based net interest income and related assets. Management believes this exclusion provides investors and analysts with another measure by which to analyze the non-markets-related business trends of the Firm and provides a comparable measure to other financial institutions that are primarily focused on lending, investing and deposit-raising activities.



Net interest income excluding CIB markets-based activities data
	Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except rates)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Net interest income – managed basis^(a)(b)	$	11,652		$	10,956		6	%	$	23,325		$	21,906		6	%
Less: Markets-based net interest income	1,420			1,238			15		2,798			2,497			12
Net interest income excluding markets^(a)	$	10,232		$	9,718		5		$	20,527		$	19,409		6

Average interest-earning assets	$	2,079,525		$	2,097,637		(1	)	$	2,061,754		$	2,123,078		(3	)
Less: Average markets-based interest-earning assets	494,303			500,915			(1	)	491,068			505,290			(3	)
Average interest-earning assets excluding markets	$	1,585,222		$	1,596,722		(1	)%	$	1,570,686		$	1,617,788		(3	)%
Net interest yield on average interest-earning assets – managed basis	2.25		%	2.09		%			2.28		%	2.08		%
Net interest yield on average markets-based interest-earning assets	1.16			0.99					1.15			1.00
Net interest yield on average interest-earning assets excluding markets	2.60		%	2.44		%			2.63		%	2.42		%


(a)	Interest includes the effect of related hedging derivatives. Taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable.


(b)	For a reconciliation of net interest income on a reported and managed basis, see reconciliation from the Firm’s reported U.S. GAAP results to managed basis on page 16

Key performance measures

Tangible common equity (“TCE”), ROTCE and TBVPS are considered key financial performance measures. TCE represents the Firm’s common stockholders’ equity (i.e., total stockholders’ equity less preferred stock) less goodwill and identifiable intangible assets (other than MSRs), net of related deferred tax liabilities. ROTCE measures the Firm’s net income applicable to common equity as a percentage of average TCE. TBVPS represents the Firm’s TCE at period-end divided by common shares at period-end. TCE, ROTCE, and TBVPS are meaningful to the Firm, as well as investors and analysts, in assessing the Firm’s use of equity.

The following summary table provides a reconciliation from the Firm’s common stockholders’ equity to TCE.



Tangible common equity	Period-end				Average
(in millions, except per share and ratio data)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share and ratio data)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		2016			2015			2016			2015
Common stockholders’ equity	$	226,355	$	221,505	$	224,429		$	213,738		$	222,995		$	213,049
Less: Goodwill	47,303		47,325		47,309			47,485			47,320			47,488
Less: Certain identifiable intangible assets	917		1,015		928			1,113			957			1,138
Add: Deferred tax liabilities^(a)	3,220		3,148		3,213			2,873			3,195			2,868
Tangible common equity	$	181,355	$	176,313	$	179,405		$	168,013		$	177,913		$	167,291

Return on tangible common equity	NA		NA		13		%	14		%	12		%	14		%
Tangible book value per share	$	50.21	$	48.13	NA			NA			NA			NA


(a)	Represents deferred tax liabilities related to tax-deductible goodwill and to identifiable intangibles created in nontaxable transactions, which are netted against goodwill and other intangibles when calculating TCE.

The Firm’s capital, RWA and capital ratios that are presented under Basel III Standardized and Advanced Fully Phased-In rules and the Firm’s and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s and Chase Bank USA, N.A.’s SLRs calculated under the Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In rules are considered key regulatory capital measures. Such measures are used by banking regulators, investors and analysts to assess the Firm’s capital position and to compare the Firm’s capital to that of other financial services companies. For additional information on these measures, see Capital Management on pages 63–69.



BUSINESS SEGMENT RESULTS

The business segments are determined based on the products and services provided, or the type of customer served, and they reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by management. Results of these lines of business are presented on a managed basis. For a definition of managed basis, see Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Key Performance Measures, on pages 16–17.

Description of business segment reporting methodology

Results of the business segments are intended to reflect each segment as if it were a stand-alone business. The management reporting process that derives business segment results allocates income and expense using

market-based methodologies. The Firm also assesses the level of capital required for each line of business on at least an annual basis. For further information about line of business capital, see Line of business equity on page 67.

The Firm periodically assesses the assumptions, methodologies and reporting classifications used for segment reporting, and further refinements may be implemented in future periods.

For a further discussion of those methodologies, see Business Segment Results – Description of business segment reporting methodology on pages 83–84 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following discussions of the business segment results are based on a comparison of the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 versus the corresponding period in the prior year, unless otherwise specified.

Segment Results – Managed basis

The following tables summarize the business segment results for the periods indicated.



Three months ended June 30,	Total net revenue								Total noninterest expense							Pre-provision profit/(loss)
(in millions)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015		Change		2016		2015			Change
Consumer & Community Banking	$	11,451		$	11,015		4%		$	6,004		$	6,210	(3)%		$	5,447	$	4,805		13%
Corporate & Investment Bank	9,165			8,723			5		5,078			5,137		(1	)	4,087		3,586			14
Commercial Banking	1,817			1,739			4		731			703		4		1,086		1,036			5
Asset Management	2,939			3,175			(7	)	2,098			2,406		(13	)	841		769			9
Corporate	(158		)	(121		)	(31	)	(273		)	44		NM		115		(165		)	NM
Total	$	25,214		$	24,531		3%		$	13,638		$	14,500	(6)%		$	11,576	$	10,031		15%



Three months ended June 30,	Provision for credit losses							Net income/(loss)						Return on common equity
(in millions, except ratios)	2016			2015		Change		2016			2015		Change	2016		2015
Consumer & Community Banking	$	1,201		$	702	71	%	$	2,656		$	2,533	5%	20	%	19	%
Corporate & Investment Bank	235			50		370		2,493			2,341		6	15		14
Commercial Banking	(25		)	182		NM		696			525		33	16		14
Asset Management	(8		)	—		NM		521			451		16	22		19
Corporate	(1		)	1		NM		(166		)	440		NM	NM		NM
Total	$	1,402		$	935	50	%	$	6,200		$	6,290	(1)%	10%		11	%



Six months ended June 30,	Total net revenue								Total noninterest expense							Pre-provision profit/(loss)
(in millions)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015		Change		2016		2015			Change
Consumer & Community Banking	$	22,568		$	21,719		4%		$	12,092		$	12,400	(2	)%	$	10,476	$	9,319		12	%
Corporate & Investment Bank	17,300			18,305			(5	)	9,886			10,794		(8	)	7,414		7,511			(1	)
Commercial Banking	3,620			3,481			4		1,444			1,412		2		2,176		2,069			5
Asset Management	5,911			6,180			(4	)	4,173			4,581		(9	)	1,738		1,599			9
Corporate	(102		)	(334		)	69		(120		)	196		NM		18		(530		)	NM
Total	$	49,297		$	49,351		—		$	27,475		$	29,383	(6	)%	$	21,822	$	19,968		9	%



Six months ended June 30,	Provision for credit losses							Net income/(loss)							Return on common equity
(in millions, except ratios)	2016			2015			Change	2016			2015		Change		2016		2015
Consumer & Community Banking	$	2,251		$	1,632		38%	$	5,146		$	4,752	8%		19	%	18	%
Corporate & Investment Bank	694			19			NM	4,472			4,878		(8	)	13		15
Commercial Banking	279			243			15	1,192			1,123		6		14		15
Asset Management	5			4			25	1,108			953		16		24		21
Corporate	(3		)	(4		)	25	(198		)	498		NM		NM		NM
Total	$	3,226		$	1,894		70%	$	11,720		$	12,204	(4)%		10%		11	%



CONSUMER & COMMUNITY BANKING

For a discussion of the business profile of CCB, see pages 85–93 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report and Line of Business Metrics on page 174.



Selected income statement data
	Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Revenue
Lending- and deposit-related fees	$	780		$	766		2	%	$	1,549		$	1,484		4	%
Asset management, administration and commissions	535			553			(3	)	1,065			1,083			(2	)
Mortgage fees and related income	689			782			(12	)	1,356			1,486			(9	)
Card income	1,253			1,506			(17	)	2,444			2,830			(14	)
All other income	881			482			83		1,530			942			62
Noninterest revenue	4,138			4,089			1		7,944			7,825			2
Net interest income	7,313			6,926			6		14,624			13,894			5
Total net revenue	11,451			11,015			4		22,568			21,719			4

Provision for credit losses	1,201			702			71		2,251			1,632			38

Noninterest expense
Compensation expense	2,420			2,478			(2	)	4,802			5,008			(4	)
Noncompensation expense	3,584			3,732			(4	)	7,290			7,392			(1	)
Total noninterest expense^(a)	6,004			6,210			(3	)	12,092			12,400			(2	)
Income before income tax expense	4,246			4,103			3		8,225			7,687			7
Income tax expense	1,590			1,570			1		3,079			2,935			5
Net income	$	2,656		$	2,533		5		$	5,146		$	4,752		8

Revenue by line of business
Consumer & Business Banking	$	4,616		$	4,483		3		$	9,166		$	8,841		4
Mortgage Banking	1,921			1,833			5		3,797			3,582			6
Card, Commerce Solutions & Auto	4,914			4,699			5		9,605			9,296			3

Mortgage fees and related income details:
Net production revenue	261			233			12		423			470			(10	)
Net mortgage servicing revenue^(b)	428			549			(22	)	933			1,016			(8	)
Mortgage fees and related income	$	689		$	782		(12	)%	$	1,356		$	1,486		(9	)%


Financial ratios
Return on common equity	20		%	19		%			19		%	18		%
Overhead ratio	52			56					54			57

Note: In the discussion and the tables which follow, CCB presents certain financial measures which exclude the impact of PCI loans; these are non-GAAP financial measures. For additional information, see Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Key Performance Measures on pages 16–17.


(a)	Included operating lease depreciation expense of $460 million and $348 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $892 million and $674 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(b)	Included MSR risk management of $73 million and $70 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $202 million and $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Quarterly results

Consumer & Community Banking net income was $2.7 billion, an increase of 5%, driven by higher net revenue and lower noninterest expense, predominantly offset by higher provision for credit losses.

Net revenue was $11.5 billion, an increase of 4%. Net interest income was $7.3 billion, up 6%, driven by higher deposit balances and higher loan balances largely resulting from originations of prime mortgage loans that have been retained, partially offset by deposit spread compression. Noninterest revenue was $4.1 billion, up 1%, driven by a gain on the sale of Visa Europe interests, higher auto lease and card sales volume and higher deposit-related fees, predominantly offset by the impact of renegotiated co-brand partnership agreements in Credit Card, lower mortgage servicing revenue largely as a result of a lower level of third-party loans serviced, and higher amortization of new account origination costs in Credit Card. Noninterest revenue also included fair value losses on the investment in Square, Inc.

The provision for credit losses was $1.2 billion, an increase of 71%, reflecting increases in the allowance for loan losses. The current-quarter provision included a $175 million increase in the allowance for loan losses, reflecting increases in the credit card and auto loan portfolios, primarily driven by higher loss rates in newer card vintages, as well as growth in the card and auto loan portfolios, partially offset by reductions in the allowance for loan losses due to continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio as well as runoff in the student loan portfolio. The prior-year provision reflected a $326 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses due to continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio as well as runoff in the student loan portfolio.

Noninterest expense was $6.0 billion, a decrease of 3%, driven by lower legal expense, branch efficiencies and lower headcount-related expense, largely offset by higher auto lease depreciation.

Year-to-date results

Consumer & Community Banking net income was $5.1 billion, an increase of 8%, driven by higher net revenue and lower noninterest expense, largely offset by higher provision for credit losses.

Net revenue was $22.6 billion, an increase of 4%. Net interest income was $14.6 billion, up 5%, driven by higher deposit balances and higher loan balances largely resulting from originations of prime mortgage loans that have been retained, partially offset by deposit spread compression. Noninterest revenue was $7.9 billion, up 2%, driven by a gain on the sale of Visa Europe interests, higher auto lease and card sales volume, higher MSR risk management results and higher deposit-related fees, predominantly offset by the impact of renegotiated co-brand partnership agreements in Credit Card, lower mortgage servicing revenue largely as a result of a lower level of third-party loans serviced, and higher amortization of new account origination costs in Credit Card. See Note 16 for further information regarding changes in value of the MSR asset and related hedges,

and mortgage fees and related income. Noninterest revenue also included fair-value losses on the investment in Square, Inc.

The provision for credit losses was $2.3 billion, an increase of 38%, reflecting increases in the allowance for loan losses. The current-year provision included a $175 million increase in the allowance for loan losses, reflecting increases in the credit card and auto loan portfolios, primarily driven by higher loss rates in newer card vintages, as well as growth in the card and auto loan portfolios, partially offset by reductions in the allowance for loan losses due to continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio as well as runoff in the student loan portfolio. The prior-year provision reflected a $451 million reduction in the allowance for loan losses due to continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio as well as runoff in the student loan portfolio.

Noninterest expense was $12.1 billion, a decrease of 2%, driven by lower legal expense, branch efficiencies and lower headcount-related expense, largely offset by higher auto lease depreciation and higher investment in marketing.



Selected metrics
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,						As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except headcount)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
Total assets	$	519,187	$	472,181	10	%	$	519,187	$	472,181	10	%
Loans:
Consumer & Business Banking	23,588		21,940		8		23,588		21,940		8
Home equity	54,569		63,316		(14	)	54,569		63,316		(14	)
Residential mortgage and other	178,670		139,814		28		178,670		139,814		28
Mortgage Banking	233,239		203,130		15		233,239		203,130		15
Credit Card	131,591		126,025		4		131,591		126,025		4
Auto	64,056		56,330		14		64,056		56,330		14
Student	7,614		8,763		(13	)	7,614		8,763		(13	)
Total loans	460,088		416,188		11		460,088		416,188		11
Core loans	364,007		301,154		21		364,007		301,154		21
Deposits	586,074		530,767		10		586,074		530,767		10
Common equity	51,000		51,000		—		51,000		51,000		—
Selected balance sheet data (average)
Total assets	$	512,434	$	463,404	11		507,833		$	459,108	11
Loans:
Consumer & Business Banking	23,223		21,732		7		22,998		21,526		7
Home equity	55,615		64,502		(14	)	56,666		65,671		(14	)
Residential mortgage and other	175,753		132,649		32		172,224		126,687		36
Mortgage Banking	231,368		197,151		17		228,890		192,358		19
Credit Card	128,396		124,539		3		127,848		124,780		2
Auto	63,661		55,800		14		62,456		55,405		13
Student	7,757		8,907		(13	)	7,896		9,057		(13	)
Total loans	454,405		408,129		11		450,088		403,126		12
Core loans	356,380		290,330		23		350,042		282,498		24
Deposits	583,115		529,448		10		572,699		520,850		10
Common equity	51,000		51,000		—		51,000		51,000		—
Headcount	131,815		132,302		—		131,815		132,302		—	%



Selected metrics
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,								As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratio data)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015		Change
Credit data and quality statistics
Nonaccrual loans^(a)(b)	$	4,980		$	5,876		(15	)%	$	4,980		$	5,876	(15	)%

Net charge-offs^(c)
Consumer & Business Banking	53			68			(22	)	109			127		(14	)
Home equity	35			69			(49	)	94			156		(40	)
Residential mortgage and other	3			12			(75	)	4			29		(86	)
Mortgage Banking	38			81			(53	)	98			185		(47	)
Credit Card	860			800			8		1,690			1,589		6
Auto	46			32			44		113			83		36
Student	29			46			(37	)	66			97		(32	)
Total net charge-offs	$	1,026		$	1,027		—		2,076			$	2,081	—

Net charge-off rate^(c)
Consumer & Business Banking	0.92		%	1.26		%			0.95		%	1.19
Home equity^(d)	0.34			0.57					0.45			0.64
Residential mortgage and other^(d)	0.01			0.05					0.01			0.06
Mortgage Banking^(d)	0.08			0.21					0.10			0.25
Credit Card^(e)	2.70			2.61					2.66			2.61
Auto	0.29			0.23					0.36			0.30
Student	1.50			2.07					1.68			2.16
Total net charge-off rate^(d)	0.99			1.14					1.02			1.18

30+ day delinquency rate
Mortgage Banking^(f)(g)	1.33		%	1.95		%			1.33			1.95
Credit Card^(h)	1.40			1.29					1.40			1.29
Auto	1.16			0.95					1.16			0.95
Student⁽ⁱ⁾	1.43			2.00					1.43			2.00

90+ day delinquency rate — Credit Card^(h)	0.70			0.63					0.70			0.63

Allowance for loan losses
Consumer & Business Banking	$	703		$	703		—		$	703		$	703	—
Mortgage Banking excluding PCI loans	1,488			1,788			(17	)	1,488			1,788		(17	)
Mortgage Banking — PCI loans^(c)	2,654			3,215			(17	)	2,654			3,215		(17	)
Credit Card	3,684			3,434			7		3,684			3,434		7
Auto	449			349			29		449			349		29
Student	274			349			(21	)	274			349		(21	)
Total allowance for loan losses^(c)	$	9,252		$	9,838		(6)%		$	9,252		$	9,838	(6)%


(a)	Excludes PCI loans. The Firm is recognizing interest income on each pool of PCI loans as they are all performing.

(b)

At June 30, 2016 and 2015, nonaccrual loans excluded loans 90 or more days past due as follows: (1) mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $5.2 billion and $7.0 billion, respectively; and (2) student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the Federal Family Education Loan Program (“FFELP”) of $252 million and $282 million, respectively. These amounts have been excluded based upon the government guarantee.

(c)

Net charge-offs and the net charge-off rates for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, excluded $41 million and $55 million, respectively, and for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, excluded $88 million and $110 million, respectively, of write-offs in the PCI portfolio. These write-offs decreased the allowance for loan losses for PCI loans. For further information on PCI write-offs, see summary of changes in the allowances on page 56.

(d)

Excludes the impact of PCI loans. For the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the net charge-off rates including the impact of PCI loans were as follows: (1) home equity of 0.25% and 0.43%, respectively; (2) residential mortgage and other of 0.01% and 0.04%, respectively; (3) Mortgage Banking of 0.07% and 0.17%, respectively; and (4) total CCB of 0.91% and 1.01%, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the net charge-off rates including the impact of PCI loans were as follows: (1) home equity of 0.33% and 0.48%, respectively; (2) residential mortgage and other of –% and 0.05%, respectively; (3) Mortgage Banking of 0.09% and 0.19%, respectively; and (4) total CCB of 0.93% and 1.05%, respectively.


(e)	Average credit card loans included loans held-for-sale of $82 million and $1.8 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $77 million and $2.2 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These amounts are excluded when calculating the net charge-off rate.


(f)	At June 30, 2016 and 2015, excluded mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $7.2 billion and $8.8 billion, respectively, that are 30 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded based upon the government guarantee.


(g)	Excludes PCI loans. The 30+ day delinquency rate for PCI loans was 10.09% and 11.65% at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(h)	Period-end credit card loans included loans held-for-sale of $84 million and $1.3 billion at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These amounts are excluded when calculating delinquency rates.


(i)	Excluded student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under FFELP of $458 million and $546 million at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, that are 30 or more days past due. These amounts have been excluded based upon the government guarantee.



Selected metrics
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,								As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in billions, except ratios and where otherwise noted)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Business Metrics
CCB households (in millions)	59.2			57.8			2	%	59.2			57.8			2	%
Number of branches	5,366			5,504			(3	)	5,366			5,504			(3	)
Active digital customers (in thousands)^(a)	42,833			37,878			13		42,833			37,878			13
Active mobile customers (in thousands)^(b)	24,817			21,001			18		24,817			21,001			18

Consumer & Business Banking
Average deposits	$	567.4		$	512.8		11		$	557.9		505.3			10
Deposit margin	1.80		%	1.92		%			1.83		%	1.95		%
Business banking origination volume	$	2.2		$	1.9		14		$	3.9		$	3.5		12
Client investment assets	224.7			221.5			1		224.7			221.5			1

Mortgage Banking
Mortgage origination volume by channel
Retail	$	11.2		$	9.8		14		$	19.9		$	17.9		11
Correspondent	13.8			19.5			(29	)	27.5			36.1			(24	)
Total mortgage origination volume^(c)	$	25.0		$	29.3		(15	)	$	47.4		$	54.0		(12	)

Total loans serviced (period-end)	$	880.3		$	917.0		(4	)	$	880.3		$	917.0		(4	)
Third-party mortgage loans serviced (period-end)	629.9			723.4			(13	)	629.9			723.4			(13	)
MSR carrying value (period-end)	5.1			7.6			(33	)	5.1			7.6			(33	)
Ratio of MSR carrying value (period-end) to third-party mortgage loans serviced (period-end)	0.81		%	1.05		%			0.81		%	1.05		%

MSR revenue multiple^(d)	2.31		x	3.00		x			2.31		x	3.00		x

Credit Card, excluding Commercial Card
Sales volume	$	136.0		$	125.7		8		$	257.7		$	238.5		8
New accounts opened (in millions)	2.7			2.1			29		5.0			4.2			19

Card Services
Net revenue rate	12.28		%	12.35		%			12.04		%	12.27		%

Commerce Solutions
Merchant processing volume	$	263.8		$	234.1		13		$	511.3		$	455.3		12

Auto
Loan and lease origination volume	$	8.5		$	7.8		9		$	18.1		$	15.1		20
Average Auto operating lease assets	10.4			7.4			40%		10.0			7.2			40%


(a)	Users of all web and/or mobile platforms who have logged in within the past 90 days.


(b)	Users of all mobile platforms who have logged in within the past 90 days.


(c)	Firmwide mortgage origination volume was $28.6 billion and $31.7 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $53.0 billion and $58.3 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(d)	Represents the ratio of MSR carrying value (period-end) to third-party mortgage loans serviced (period-end) divided by the ratio of annualized loan servicing-related revenue to third-party mortgage loans serviced (average).

Mortgage servicing-related matters

The Firm entered into various Consent Orders and settlements with federal and state governmental agencies and private parties related to mortgage servicing, origination, and residential mortgage-backed securities activities. The majority of these Consent Orders and settlements have subsequently been resolved and/or terminated; however, among those obligations, the mortgage servicing-related Consent Order entered into with the Federal Reserve on April 13, 2011, as amended on February 28, 2013 remains outstanding. The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors provides governance and oversight of the Federal Reserve Consent Order.

The Federal Reserve Consent Order and certain other obligations under mortgage-related settlements are the subject of ongoing reporting to various regulators and independent overseers. The Firm’s compliance with certain of these settlements is detailed in periodic reports published by the independent overseers. The Firm is committed to fulfilling these commitments with appropriate due diligence and oversight.



CORPORATE & INVESTMENT BANK

For a discussion of the business profile of CIB, see pages 94–98 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report and Line of Business Metrics on page 174.



Selected income statement data
	Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Revenue
Investment banking fees	$	1,636		$	1,825		(10	)%	$	2,957		$	3,586		(18	)%
Principal transactions	2,965			2,657			12		5,435			6,139			(11	)
Lending- and deposit-related fees	385			400			(4	)	779			797			(2	)
Asset management, administration and commissions	1,025			1,181			(13	)	2,094			2,335			(10	)
All other income	464			170			173		744			450			65
Noninterest revenue	6,475			6,233			4		12,009			13,307			(10	)
Net interest income	2,690			2,490			8		5,291			4,998			6
Total net revenue^(a)	9,165			8,723			5		17,300			18,305			(5	)

Provision for credit losses	235			50			370		694			19			NM

Noninterest expense
Compensation expense	2,737			2,656			3		5,337			5,679			(6	)
Noncompensation expense	2,341			2,481			(6	)	4,549			5,115			(11	)
Total noninterest expense	5,078			5,137			(1	)	9,886			10,794			(8	)
Income before income tax expense	3,852			3,536			9		6,720			7,492			(10	)
Income tax expense	1,359			1,195			14		2,248			2,614			(14	)
Net income	$	2,493		$	2,341		6%		$	4,472		$	4,878		(8	)%
Financial ratios
Return on common equity	15		%	14		%			13		%	15		%
Overhead ratio	55			59					57			59		%
Compensation expense as a percentage of total net revenue	30			30					31			31

(a)

Included tax-equivalent adjustments, predominantly due to income tax credits related to alternative energy investments; income tax credits and amortization of the cost of investments in affordable housing projects; as well as tax-exempt income from municipal bonds of $476 million and $396 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively and $974 million and $828 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.



Selected income statement data
	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		Change		2016			2015		Change
Revenue by business
Investment Banking	$	1,492	$	1,746	(15	)%	$	2,723		$	3,376	(19	)%
Treasury Services	892		901		(1	)	1,776			1,831		(3	)
Lending	277		302		(8	)	579			737		(21	)
Total Banking	2,661		2,949		(10	)	5,078			5,944		(15	)
Fixed Income Markets	3,959		2,931		35		7,556			7,085		7
Equity Markets	1,600		1,576		2		3,176			3,227		(2	)
Securities Services	907		995		(9	)	1,788			1,929		(7	)
Credit Adjustments & Other^(a)	38		272		(86	)	(298		)	120		NM
Total Markets & Investor Services	6,504		5,774		13		12,222			12,361		(1	)
Total net revenue	$	9,165	$	8,723	5	%	$	17,300		$	18,305	(5)%

(a)

Effective January 1, 2016, consists primarily of credit valuation adjustments (“CVA”) managed by the Credit Portfolio Group, funding valuation adjustments (“FVA”) and DVA on derivatives. Prior periods also include DVA on fair value option elected liabilities. Results are presented net of associated hedging activities and net of CVA and FVA amounts allocated to Fixed Income Markets and Equity Markets. Effective January 1, 2016, changes in DVA on fair value option elected liabilities is recognized in other comprehensive income. For additional information, see Notes 3, 4 and 19.

Quarterly results

Net income was $2.5 billion, up 6%, reflecting higher net revenue, partially offset by higher provisions for credit losses.

Banking revenue was $2.7 billion, down 10%. Investment banking revenue was $1.5 billion, down 15%, largely driven by lower equity underwriting fees. The Firm maintained its #1 ranking for Global Investment Banking fees, according to Dealogic. Equity underwriting fees were down 37% compared to a strong quarter in the prior year, on lower industry-wide fee levels. Debt underwriting fees were down 2% driven by declines in industry-wide fee levels. Lending revenue was $277 million, down 8%, reflecting fair value losses on hedges of accrual loans.

Markets & Investor Services revenue was $6.5 billion, up 13%. Fixed Income Markets revenue was $4.0 billion, up 35% reflecting strong performance in Rates and Currencies & Emerging Markets on higher client flows driven by increased issuance-related activity, improved global emerging market sentiment and increased volumes in foreign exchange markets. Performance in Credit and Securitized Products also improved as client risk appetite recovered in a less volatile environment driving higher primary and secondary market activity. Securities Services revenue was $907 million, down 9%, driven by lower fees and commissions. Credit Adjustments & Other was a gain of $38 million, compared with a gain of $272 million in the prior year. The prior year quarter included gains on wider funding spreads.

The provision for credit losses was $235 million, compared with $50 million in the prior year, primarily reflecting an increase in the allowance for credit losses in the Oil & Gas portfolio driven by a single name.

Noninterest expense was $5.1 billion, down 1%.

Year-to-date results

Net income was $4.5 billion, down 8%, reflecting lower net revenue and higher provisions for credit losses, largely offset by lower noninterest expense.

Banking revenue was $5.1 billion, down 15%. Investment banking revenue was $2.7 billion, down 19%. The decrease was primarily driven by lower equity and debt underwriting fees. Equity underwriting fees were $490 million, down 42% driven by declines in industry-wide fee levels. Debt underwriting fees were $1.4 billion, down 18%, primarily driven by declines in industry-wide fee levels and fewer large acquisition financing deals. Advisory fees were $1.1 billion, up 4%, driven by a greater share of fees for completed transactions. Treasury Services revenue was $1.8 billion, down 3%, primarily driven by business simplification. Lending revenue was $579 million, down 21%, reflecting fair value losses on hedges of accrual loans.

Markets & Investor Services revenue was $12.2 billion, down 1%. Fixed Income Markets revenue of $7.6 billion was up 7% reflecting strong performance in Rates on higher client flows driven by increased issuance-related activity as well as continued demand in Japan driven by ongoing monetary easing. Performance in Credit and Securitized Products also improved as client risk appetite recovered in a less volatile environment driving higher primary and secondary market activity. Equity Markets revenue of $3.2 billion was down 2% compared to a strong prior year, particularly in Asia. Securities Services revenue was $1.8 billion, down 7%, largely driven by lower fees and commissions. Credit Adjustments & Other was a loss of $298 million on widening credit spreads compared with a gain of $120 million in the prior year.

The provision for credit losses was $694 million, compared with $19 million in the prior year, primarily reflecting increases in the allowance for credit losses in the Oil & Gas portfolio and, to a lesser extent, the Metals & Mining portfolio.

Noninterest expense was $9.9 billion, down 8%, primarily driven by lower compensation and lower legal expense.



Selected metrics
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,						As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except headcount)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
Assets	$	826,019	$	819,745	1	%	$	826,019	$	819,745	1	%
Loans:
Loans retained^(a)	112,637		96,579		17		112,637		96,579		17
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value	5,600		7,211		(22	)	5,600		7,211		(22	)
Total loans	118,237		103,790		14		118,237		103,790		14
Core loans	117,821		103,235		14		117,821		103,235		14
Common equity	64,000		62,000		3		64,000		62,000		3
Selected balance sheet data (average)
Assets	$	815,886	$	845,225	(3	)	$	806,717	$	855,220	(6	)
Trading assets-debt and equity instruments	306,418		317,385		(3	)	295,770		314,837		(6	)
Trading assets-derivative receivables	61,457		68,949		(11	)	62,007		73,128		(15	)
Loans:
Loans retained^(a)	111,668		94,711		18		110,190		96,900		14
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value	3,169		5,504		(42	)	3,187		4,786		(33	)
Total loans	114,837		100,215		15		113,377		101,686		11
Core loans	114,421		99,343		15		112,919		100,690		12
Common equity	64,000		62,000		3		64,000		62,000		3
Headcount	48,805		49,367		(1	)%	48,805		49,367		(1	)%


(a)	Loans retained includes credit portfolio loans, loans held by consolidated Firm-administered multi-seller conduits, trade finance loans, other held-for-investment loans and overdrafts.



Selected metrics
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,								As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Credit data and quality statistics
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)	$	90		$	(15	)	NM		$	136		$	(26	)	NM
Nonperforming assets:
Nonaccrual loans:
Nonaccrual loans retained^(a)	623			324			92%		623			324			92
Nonaccrual loansheld-for-sale and loans at fair value	7			12			(42	)	7			12			(42	)
Total nonaccrual loans	630			336			88		630			336			88
Derivative receivables	220			256			(14	)	220			256			(14	)
Assets acquired in loan satisfactions	75			60			25		75			60			25
Total nonperforming assets	925			652			42		925			652			42
Allowance for credit losses:
Allowance for loan losses	1,669			1,086			54		1,669			1,086			54
Allowance for lending-related commitments	715			437			64		715			437			64
Total allowance for credit losses	2,384			1,523			57%		2,384			1,523			57%
Net charge-off/(recovery) rate	0.32%			(0.06		)%			0.25%			(0.05		)%
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained	1.48			1.12					1.48			1.12
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained, excluding trade finance and conduits^(b)	2.23			1.73					2.23			1.73
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans retained^(a)	268			335					268			335
Nonaccrual loans to total period-end loans	0.53		%	0.32		%			0.53		%	0.32		%


(a)	Allowance for loan losses of $211 million and $64 million were held against these nonaccrual loans at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(b)	Management uses allowance for loan losses to period-end loans retained, excluding trade finance and conduits, a non-GAAP financial measure, to provide a more meaningful assessment of CIB’s allowance coverage ratio.



Business metrics
	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Advisory	$	466	$	466	—		$	1,051	$	1,008	4%
Equity underwriting	285		452		(37	)	490		851		(42	)
Debt underwriting	885		907		(2	)	1,416		1,727		(18	)
Total investment banking fees	$	1,636	$	1,825	(10)%		$	2,957	$	3,586	(18)%



League table results – wallet share
	Six months ended June 30, 2016				Full-year 2015
	Share		Rank		Share		Rank
Based on fees^(a)
Debt, equity and equity-related
Global	7.1	%	#	1	7.7	%	#	1
U.S.	11.7		1		11.7		1
Long-term debt^(b)
Global	7.0		1		8.3		1
U.S.	11.1		2		12.0		1
Equity and equity-related
Global^(c)	7.3		1		7.0		1
U.S.	13.0		1		11.2		1
M&A^(d)
Global	9.9		2		8.4		2
U.S.	11.7		2		9.9		2
Loan syndications
Global	7.3		2		7.5		1
U.S.	9.1		2		10.7		2
Global investment banking fees^(e)	8.0	%	#	1	7.9	%	#	1


(a)	Source: Dealogic. Reflects the ranking of revenue wallet and market share.


(b)	Long-term debt rankings include investment-grade, high-yield, supranationals, sovereigns, agencies, covered bonds, asset-backed securities (“ABS”) and mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”); and exclude money market, short-term debt, and U.S. municipal securities.


(c)	Global equity and equity-related ranking includes rights offerings and Chinese A-Shares.


(d)	Global M&A reflects the removal of any withdrawn transactions. U.S. M&A revenue wallet represents wallet from client parents based in the U.S.


(e)	Global investment banking fees exclude money market, short-term debt and shelf deals



Business metrics
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,						As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except where otherwise noted)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Assets under custody (“AUC”) by asset class (period-end)(in billions):
Fixed Income	$	12,539	$	12,134	3%		$	12,539	$	12,134	3%
Equity	6,138		6,652		(8	)	6,138		6,652		(8	)
Other^(a)	1,793		1,711		5		1,793		1,711		5
Total AUC	$	20,470	$	20,497	—		$	20,470	$	20,497	—
Client deposits and other third party liabilities (average)^(b)	$	373,671	$	401,280	(7	)	$	366,299	$	422,607	(13	)
Trade finance loans (period-end)	17,362		21,195		(18	)%	17,362		21,195		(18	)%


(a)	Consists of mutual funds, unit investment trusts, currencies, annuities, insurance contracts, options and other contracts.


(b)	Client deposits and other third party liabilities pertain to the Treasury Services and Securities Services businesses.



International metrics
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,						As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except where otherwise noted)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Total net revenue^(a)
Europe/Middle East/Africa	$	2,823	$	2,685	5	%	$	5,280	$	6,181	(15	)%
Asia/Pacific	1,210		1,358		(11	)	2,512		2,621		(4	)
Latin America/Caribbean	403		220		83		724		551		31
Total international net revenue	4,436		4,263		4		8,516		9,353		(9	)
North America	4,729		4,460		6		8,784		8,952		(2	)
Total net revenue	$	9,165	$	8,723	5		$	17,300	$	18,305	(5	)

Loans retained (period-end)^(a)
Europe/Middle East/Africa	$	29,770	$	25,874	15		$	29,770	$	25,874	15
Asia/Pacific	15,198		17,430		(13	)	15,198		17,430		(13	)
Latin America/Caribbean	9,048		8,768		3		9,048		8,768		3
Total international loans	54,016		52,072		4		54,016		52,072		4
North America	58,621		44,507		32		58,621		44,507		32
Total loans retained	$	112,637	$	96,579	17		$	112,637	$	96,579	17

Client deposits and other third-party liabilities (average)^(a)(b)
Europe/Middle East/Africa	$	135,213	$	149,055	(9	)	$	131,655	$	154,217	(15	)
Asia/Pacific	68,423		64,860		5		65,569		67,872		(3	)
Latin America/Caribbean	22,334		23,518		(5	)	22,431		23,480		(4	)
Total international	$	225,970	$	237,433	(5	)	$	219,655	$	245,569	(11	)
North America	147,701		163,847		(10	)	146,644		177,038		(17	)
Total client deposits and other third-party liabilities	$	373,671	$	401,280	(7	)	$	366,299	$	422,607	(13	)

AUC (period-end) (in billions)^(a)
North America	$	12,310	$	12,068	2		$	12,310	$	12,068	2
All other regions	8,160		8,429		(3	)	8,160		8,429		(3	)
Total AUC	$	20,470	$	20,497	—		$	20,470	$	20,497	—


(a)	Total net revenue is based predominantly on the domicile of the client or location of the trading desk, as applicable. Loans outstanding (excluding loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value), client deposits and other third-party liabilities, and AUC are based predominantly on the domicile of the client.


(b)	Client deposits and other third party liabilities pertain to the Treasury Services and Securities Services businesses.



COMMERCIAL BANKING

For a discussion of the business profile of CB, see pages 99–101 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report and Line of Business Metrics on page 175.



Selected income statement data
	Three months ended June 30,							Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Revenue
Lending- and deposit-related fees	$	227		$	242	(6	)%	$	459	$	479	(4	)%
Asset management, administration and commissions	18			22		(18	)	40		46		(13	)
All other income^(a)	341			345		(1	)	643		720		(11	)
Noninterest revenue	586			609		(4	)	1,142		1,245		(8	)
Net interest income	1,231			1,130		9		2,478		2,236		11
Total net revenue^(b)	1,817			1,739		4		3,620		3,481		4

Provision for credit losses	(25		)	182		NM		279		243		15

Noninterest expense
Compensation expense	322			308		5		656		617		6
Noncompensation expense	409			395		4		788		795		(1	)
Total noninterest expense	731			703		4		1,444		1,412		2

Income before income tax expense	1,111			854		30		1,897		1,826		4
Income tax expense	415			329		26		705		703		—
Net income	$	696		$	525	33%		$	1,192	$	1,123	6%


(a)	Includes revenue from investment banking products and commercial card transactions.

(b)

Total net revenue included tax-equivalent adjustments from income tax credits related to equity investments in designated community development entities that provide loans to qualified businesses in low-income communities, as well as tax-exempt income related to municipal financing activity of $124 million and $115 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively and $244 million and $228 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Quarterly results

Net income was $696 million, an increase of 33%, driven by higher net revenue and a lower provision for credit losses, partially offset by higher noninterest expense.

Net revenue was $1.8 billion, an increase of 4%. Net interest income was $1.2 billion, up 9%, driven by higher average loan balances and deposit spreads.

Noninterest expense was $731 million, up 4%, driven by continued investments in technology and increased hiring of bankers.

The provision for credit losses was a benefit of $25 million, compared to an expense of $182 million in the prior-year. The current quarter benefit reflects continued strong overall credit performance in the portfolio and somewhat more stable market conditions in Oil & Gas while the prior year reflected select downgrades.

Year-to-date results

Net income was $1.2 billion, an increase of 6%, driven by higher net revenue, partially offset by a higher provision for credit losses and higher noninterest expense.

Net revenue was $3.6 billion, up 4%. Net interest income was $2.5 billion, up 11%, reflecting higher average loan balances and deposit spreads. Noninterest revenue was $1.1 billion, down 8%, driven by lower investment banking revenue compared to a record first half last year.

Noninterest expense was $1.4 billion, up 2%, driven by investments in technology, increased hiring of bankers, and prior year additions to oversight- and control-related personnel.

The provision for credit losses was $279 million reflecting downgrades in the Oil & Gas and Natural Gas Pipeline portfolios; the prior year provision for credit losses was $243 million.



Selected income statement data (continued)
	Three months ended June 30,							Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)	2016		2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Revenue by product
Lending	$	917	$	867		6	%	$	1,845		$	1,692		9	%
Treasury services	680		646			5		1,374			1,293			6
Investment banking^(a)	207		196			6		362			444			(18	)
Other	13		30			(57	)	39			52			(25	)
Total Commercial Banking net revenue	$	1,817	$	1,739		4		$	3,620		$	3,481		4

Investment banking revenue, gross^(b)	$	595	$	589		1		$	1,078		$	1,342		(20	)

Revenue by client segment
Middle Market Banking^(c)	$	698	$	679		3		$	1,405		$	1,344		5
Corporate Client Banking^(c)	562		541			4		1,073			1,117			(4	)
Commercial Term Lending	342		318			8		703			626			12
Real Estate Banking	144		117			23		284			233			22
Other	71		84			(15	)	155			161			(4	)
Total Commercial Banking net revenue	$	1,817	$	1,739		4	%	$	3,620		$	3,481		4	%

Financial ratios
Return on common equity	16%		14		%			14		%	15		%
Overhead ratio	40		40					40			41


(a)	Revenue by product includes total Firm revenue from investment banking products sold to CB clients, net of revenue sharing with the CIB.


(b)	Total Firm revenue from investment banking products sold to CB clients.


(c)	Effective in the second quarter of 2016, certain clients were transferred from Middle Market Banking to Corporate Client Banking. Prior period amounts were revised to conform with the current period presentation.



Selected metrics
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,						As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except headcount)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
Total assets	$	208,151	$	201,377	3	%	$	208,151	$	201,377	3	%
Loans:
Loans retained	179,164		157,947		13		179,164		157,947		13
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value	134		1,506		(91	)	134		1,506		(91	)
Total loans	$	179,298	$	159,453	12		$	179,298	$	159,453	12
Core loans	178,809		158,568		13		178,809		158,568		13
Common equity	16,000		14,000		14		16,000		14,000		14

Period-end loans by client segment
Middle Market Banking^(a)	$	51,951	$	50,735	2		$	51,951	$	50,735	2
Corporate Client Banking^(a)	36,011		31,149		16		36,011		31,149		16
Commercial Term Lending	66,499		58,314		14		66,499		58,314		14
Real Estate Banking	19,233		14,231		35		19,233		14,231		35
Other	5,604		5,024		12		5,604		5,024		12
Total Commercial Banking loans	$	179,298	$	159,453	12		$	179,298	$	159,453	12

Selected balance sheet data (average)
Total assets	$	205,953	$	198,740	4		$	204,222	$	197,341	3
Loans:
Loans retained	176,229		155,110		14		173,033		152,435		14
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value	583		870		(33	)	516		715		(28	)
Total loans	$	176,812	$	155,980	13		$	173,549	$	153,150	13
Core loans	176,251		155,016		14		172,939		152,143		14

Average loans by client segment
Middle Market Banking^(a)	$	51,939	$	50,438	3		$	51,248	$	49,983	3
Corporate Client Banking^(a)	35,664		29,988		19		34,728		28,834		20
Commercial Term Lending	65,262		56,814		15		64,369		55,790		15
Real Estate Banking	18,381		13,732		34		17,701		13,603		30
Other	5,566		5,008		11		5,503		4,940		11
Total Commercial Banking loans	$	176,812	$	155,980	13	%	$	173,549	$	153,150	13	%

Client deposits and other third-party liabilities	170,717		197,004		(13	)	171,898		203,489		(16	)
Common equity	16,000		14,000		14		16,000		14,000		14

Headcount	8,127		7,568		7	%	8,127		7,568		7	%


(a)	Effective in the second quarter of 2016, certain clients were transferred from Middle Market Banking to Corporate Client Banking. Prior period amounts were revised to conform with the current period presentation.



Selected metrics (continued)	As of or for the three months ended June 30,								As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Credit data and quality statistics
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)	$	60		$	(4	)	NM		$	66		$	7		NM
Nonperforming assets
Nonaccrual loans:
Nonaccrual loans retained^(a)	1,258			384			228		1,258			384			228
Nonaccrual loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value	—			14			(100	)	—			14			(100	)
Total nonaccrual loans	1,258			398			216		1,258			398			216
Assets acquired in loan satisfactions	1			5			(80	)	1			5			(80	)
Total nonperforming assets	1,259			403			212		1,259			403			212
Allowance for credit losses:
Allowance for loan losses	3,041			2,705			12		3,041			2,705			12
Allowance for lending-related commitments	226			163			39		226			163			39
Total allowance for credit losses	3,267			2,868			14	%	3,267			2,868			14	%
Net charge-off/(recovery) rate^(b)	0.14		%	(0.01		)%			0.08		%	0.01		%
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loansretained	1.70			1.71					1.70			1.71
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans retained^(a)	242			704					242			704
Nonaccrual loans to period-end total loans	0.70			0.25					0.70			0.25


(a)	Allowance for loan losses of $292 million and $42 million was held against nonaccrual loans retained at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(b)	Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value were excluded when calculating the net charge-off/(recovery) rate.



ASSET MANAGEMENT

For a discussion of the business profile of AM, see pages 102–104 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report and Line of Business Metrics on pages 175–176.



Selected income statement data
(in millions, except ratios)	Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Revenue
Asset management, administration and commissions	$	2,102		$	2,381		(12	)%	$	4,118		$	4,610		(11	)%
All other income	90			163			(45	)	319			318			—
Noninterest revenue	2,192			2,544			(14	)	4,437			4,928			(10	)
Net interest income	747			631			18		1,474			1,252			18
Total net revenue	2,939			3,175			(7	)	5,911			6,180			(4	)

Provision for credit losses	(8		)	—			NM		5			4			25

Noninterest expense
Compensation expense	1,249			1,299			(4	)	2,490			2,588			(4	)
Noncompensation expense	849			1,107			(23	)	1,683			1,993			(16	)
Total noninterest expense	2,098			2,406			(13	)	4,173			4,581			(9	)

Income before income tax expense	849			769			10		1,733			1,595			9
Income tax expense	328			318			3		625			642			(3	)
Net income	$	521		$	451		16		$	1,108		$	953		16

Revenue by line of business
Global Investment Management	$	1,424		$	1,670		(15	)	$	2,923		$	3,203		(9	)
Global Wealth Management	1,515			1,505			1		2,988			2,977			—
Total net revenue	$	2,939		$	3,175		(7	)%	$	5,911		$	6,180		(4	)

Financial ratios
Return on common equity	22		%	19		%			24		%	21		%
Overhead ratio	71			76					71			74
Pre-tax margin ratio:
Global Investment Management	30			26					31			28
Global Wealth Management	28			22					27			24
Asset Management	29			24					29			26

Quarterly results

Net income was $521 million, an increase of 16%, reflecting lower noninterest expense predominantly offset by lower net revenue.

Net revenue was $2.9 billion, a decrease of 7%, driven by weaker markets, lower performance fees and lower brokerage activity.

Noninterest expense was $2.1 billion, a decrease of 13%, primarily driven by lower legal expense. The prior-year quarter also included a loss on an asset held-for-sale.

Year-to-date results

Net income was $1.1 billion, an increase of 16%, reflecting lower noninterest expense, largely offset by lower revenue.

Net revenue was $5.9 billion, a decrease of 4%. Net interest income was $1.5 billion, up 18%, driven by higher deposit spreads and loan growth. Noninterest revenue was $4.4 billion, down 10%, driven by weaker markets and lower brokerage activity.

Noninterest expense was $4.2 billion, a decrease of 9%, due to lower legal expense as well as a reduction of expense related to the disposal of assets.



Selected metrics	As of or for the three months ended June 30,								As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ranking data, headcount and ratios)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
% of JPM mutual fund assets rated as 4- or 5-star^(a)	52		%	54		%			52		%	54		%
% of JPM mutual fund assets ranked in 1^st or 2^nd quartile:^(b)
1 year	54			78					54			78
3 years	76			64					76			64
5 years	81			78					81			78

Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
Total assets	$	134,380		$	134,059		—	%	$	134,380		$	134,059		—	%
Loans^(c)	113,319			109,336			4		113,319			109,336			4
Core loans	113,319			109,336			4		113,319			109,336			4
Deposits	148,967			141,179			6		148,967			141,179			6
Common equity	9,000			9,000			—		9,000			9,000			—

Selected balance sheet data (average)
Total assets	$	131,529		$	130,548		1		$	130,659		$	128,424		2
Loans	111,704			107,250			4		111,101			105,279			6
Core loans	111,704			107,250			4		111,101			105,279			6
Deposits	151,214			152,563			(1	)	150,915			155,386			(3	)
Common equity	9,000			9,000			—		9,000			9,000			—

Headcount	20,897			20,237			3		20,897			20,237			3

Number of client advisors	2,622			2,746			(5	)	2,622			2,746			(5	)

Credit data and quality statistics
Net charge-offs	$	2		$	(1	)	NM		$	11		$	2		450
Nonaccrual loans	254			209			22		254			209			22
Allowance for credit losses:
Allowance for loan losses	258			273			(5	)	258			273			(5	)
Allowance for lending-related commitments	4			5			(20	)	4			5			(20	)
Total allowance for credit losses	262			278			(6	)%	262			278			(6	)%
Net charge-off rate	0.01		%	—					0.02		%	—
Allowance for loan losses to period-end loans	0.23			0.25					0.23			0.25
Allowance for loan losses to nonaccrual loans	102			131					102			131
Nonaccrual loans to period-end loans	0.22			0.19					0.22			0.19


(a)	Represents the “overall star rating” derived from Morningstar for the U.S., the U.K., Luxembourg, Hong Kong and Taiwan domiciled funds; and Nomura “star rating” for Japan domiciled funds. Includes only Global Investment Management retail open ended mutual funds that have a rating. Excludes money market funds, Undiscovered Managers Fund, and Brazil and India domiciled funds.

(b)

Quartile ranking sourced from: Lipper for the U.S. and Taiwan domiciled funds; Morningstar for the U.K., Luxembourg and Hong Kong domiciled funds; Nomura for Japan domiciled funds and Fund Doctor for South Korea domiciled funds. Includes only Global Investment Management retail open ended mutual funds that are ranked by the aforementioned sources. Excludes money market funds, Undiscovered Managers Fund, and Brazil and India domiciled funds.


(c)	Included $29.2 billion and $24.0 billion of prime mortgage loans reported in the Consumer, excluding credit card, loan portfolio at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Client assets

Client assets of $2.3 trillion and assets under management of $1.7 trillion were down 3% and 5%, respectively, due to the effect of lower market levels, outflows from liquidity products and asset sales.



Client assets	June 30,
(in billions)	2016		2015		Change
Assets by asset class
Liquidity	$	426	$	466	(9	)%
Fixed income	383		357		7
Equity	342		380		(10	)
Multi-asset and alternatives	542		578		(6	)
Total assets under management	1,693		1,781		(5	)
Custody/brokerage/administration/deposits	651		642		1
Total client assets	$	2,344	$	2,423	(3	)

Memo:
Alternatives client assets^(a)	$	151	$	173	(13	)

Assets by client segment
Private Banking	$	425	$	452	(6	)
Institutional	811		830		(2	)
Retail	457		499		(8	)
Total assets under management	$	1,693	$	1,781	(5	)

Private Banking	$	1,058	$	1,080	(2	)
Institutional	827		838		(1	)
Retail	459		505		(9	)
Total client assets	$	2,344	$	2,423	(3	)%


(a)	Represents assets under management, as well as client balances in brokerage accounts.



Client assets (continued)	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in billions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Assets under management rollforward
Beginning balance	$	1,676		$	1,759		$	1,723		$	1,744
Net asset flows:
Liquidity	4			6			(23		)	5
Fixed income	10			3			21			5
Equity	(5		)	(1		)	(10		)	3
Multi-asset and alternatives	(2		)	11			4			21
Market/performance/other impacts	10			3			(22		)	3
Ending balance, June 30	$	1,693		$	1,781		$	1,693		$	1,781

Client assets rollforward
Beginning balance	$	2,323		$	2,405		$	2,350		$	2,387
Net asset flows	2			16			(5		)	33
Market/performance/other impacts	19			2			(1		)	3
Ending balance, June 30	$	2,344		$	2,423		$	2,344		$	2,423



International metrics	As of or for the three months ended June 30,						As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in billions, except where otherwise noted)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Total net revenue (in millions)^(a)
Europe/Middle East/Africa	$	463	$	524	(12	)%	$	894	$	995	(10	)%
Asia/Pacific	267		302		(12	)	522		588		(11	)
Latin America/Caribbean	186		211		(12	)	358		408		(12	)
Total international net revenue	916		1,037		(12	)	1,774		1,991		(11	)
North America	2,023		2,138		(5	)	4,137		4,189		(1	)
Total net revenue	$	2,939	$	3,175	(7	)	$	5,911	$	6,180	(4	)

Assets under management
Europe/Middle East/Africa	$	293	$	315	(7	)	$	293	$	315	(7	)
Asia/Pacific	124		132		(6	)	124		132		(6	)
Latin America/Caribbean	46		47		(2	)	46		47		(2	)
Total international assets under management	463		494		(6	)	463		494		(6	)
North America	1,230		1,287		(4	)	1,230		1,287		(4	)
Total assets under management	$	1,693	$	1,781	(5	)	$	1,693	$	1,781	(5	)

Client assets
Europe/Middle East/Africa	$	342	$	366	(7	)	$	342	$	366	(7	)
Asia/Pacific	176		183		(4	)	176		183		(4	)
Latin America/Caribbean	115		114		1		115		114		1
Total international client assets	633		663		(5	)	633		663		(5	)
North America	1,711		1,760		(3	)	1,711		1,760		(3	)
Total client assets	$	2,344	$	2,423	(3	)%	$	2,344	$	2,423	(3	)%


(a)	Regional revenue is based on the domicile of the client.



CORPORATE

For a discussion of Corporate, see pages 105–106 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



Selected income statement data
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,								As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except headcount)	2016			2015			Change		2016			2015			Change
Revenue
Principal transactions	$	29		$	67		(57	)%	$	126		$	167		(25	)%
Securities gains	20			40			(50	)	71			93			(24	)
All other income/(loss)	122			(7		)	NM		243			(120		)	NM
Noninterest revenue	171			100			71		440			140			214
Net interest income	(329		)	(221		)	(49	)	(542		)	(474		)	(14	)
Total net revenue^(a)	(158		)	(121		)	(31	)	(102		)	(334		)	69

Provision for credit losses	(1		)	1			NM		(3		)	(4		)	25

Noninterest expense^(b)	(273		)	44			NM		(120		)	196			NM
Income/(loss) before income tax expense/(benefit)	116			(166		)	NM		21			(526		)	NM
Income tax expense/(benefit)	282			(606		)	NM		219			(1,024		)	NM
Net income/(loss)	$	(166	)	$	440		NM		$	(198	)	$	498		NM
Total net revenue
Treasury and CIO	(226		)	(163		)	(39	)	(320		)	(541		)	41
Other Corporate	68			42			62		218			207			5
Total net revenue	$	(158	)	$	(121	)	(31	)	$	(102	)	$	(334	)	69
Net income/(loss)
Treasury and CIO	(199		)	(112		)	(78	)	(310		)	(333		)	7
Other Corporate	33			552			(94	)	112			831			(87	)
Total net income/(loss)	$	(166	)	$	440		NM		$	(198	)	$	498		NM
Selected balance sheet data (period-end)
Total assets	$	778,359		$	821,736		(5	)	$	778,359		$	821,736		(5	)
Loans	1,862			2,480			(25	)	1,862			2,480			(25	)
Core loans^(c)	1,857			2,474			(25	)	1,857			2,474			(25	)
Headcount	30,402			27,985			9	%	30,402			27,985			9	%


(a)	Included tax-equivalent adjustments, predominantly due to tax-exempt income from municipal bond investments of $227 million and $202 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $445 million and $405 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(b)	Included legal expense/(benefit) of $(467) million and $18 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $(465) million and $323 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(c)	Average core loans were $2.0 billion and $2.6 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $2.0 billion and $2.8 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Quarterly results

Net loss was $166 million, compared with net income of $440 million in the prior year. The current quarter included a net legal benefit substantially offset by higher income tax expense in the current period from tax audits, compared with higher income tax benefits in the prior year from tax audits. Net revenue was a loss of $158 million, compared to a loss of $121 million in the prior year. Noninterest expense was a benefit of $273 million, down $317 million, driven by a net legal benefit in the current quarter.

Year-to-date results

Net loss was $198 million, compared with net income of $498 million in the prior year. The higher income tax expense in the current period from tax audits, compared with higher income tax benefits in the prior year from tax audits, was partially offset by lower expense resulting from a net legal benefit. Net revenue was a loss of $102 million, compared to a loss of $334 million in the prior year which included a $173 million pre-tax loss in Treasury & CIO, primarily related to the accelerated amortization of cash flow hedges associated with the exit of certain non-operational deposits. Noninterest expense was a benefit of $120 million, a decrease of $316 million, largely due to a net legal benefit in the current year.

Treasury and CIO overview

For a discussion of Treasury and CIO, see page 106 of the Firm’s 2015 Annual Report.

At June 30, 2016, the average credit rating of the Treasury and CIO investment securities comprising the portfolio in the table below was AA+ (based upon external ratings where available and, where not available, based primarily upon internal ratings that correspond to ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s). During the second quarter of 2016, the Firm transferred commercial mortgage-backed securities and obligations of U.S. states and municipalities with a fair value of $7.5 billion from available-for-sale (“AFS”) to held-to-maturity (“HTM”). These securities were transferred at fair

value. The transfers reflect the Firm’s intent to hold the securities to maturity in order to reduce the impact of price volatility on AOCI.

See Note 11 for further information on the Firm’s investment securities portfolio.

For further information on liquidity and funding risk, see Liquidity Risk Management on pages 70–74. For information on interest rate, foreign exchange and other risks, Treasury and CIO value-at-risk (“VaR”) and the Firm’s earnings-at-risk, see Market Risk Management on pages 58–61.



Selected income statement and balance sheet data
	As of or for the three months ended June 30,						As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		Change		2016		2015		Change
Securities gains	$	20	$	40	(50	)%	$	71	$	93	(24	)%
Investment securities portfolio (average)^(a)	278,962		322,954		(14	)	281,203		328,293		(14	)
Investment securities portfolio (period-end)^(b)	275,562		314,048		(12	)	275,562		314,048		(12	)
Mortgage loans (average)	1,858		2,599		(29	)	1,932		2,694		(28	)
Mortgage loans (period-end)	1,798		2,455		(27	)	1,798		2,455		(27	)


(a)	Average investment securities included HTM balances of $53.4 billion and $50.7 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $50.9 billion and $50.0 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(b)	Period-end investment securities included HTM balances of $53.8 billion and $51.6 billion at June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.



Private equity portfolio information^(a)
(in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015		Change
Carrying value	$	1,879	$	2,103	(11	)%
Cost	2,941		3,798		(23	)


(a)	For more information on the Firm’s methodologies regarding the valuation of the private equity portfolio, see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



ENTERPRISE-WIDE RISK MANAGEMENT

Risk is an inherent part of JPMorgan Chase’s business activities. When the Firm extends a consumer or wholesale loan, advises customers on their investment decisions, makes markets in securities, or offers other products or services, the Firm takes on some degree of risk. The Firm’s overall objective is to manage its businesses, and the associated risks, in a manner that balances serving the interests of its clients, customers and investors and protects the safety and soundness of the Firm.

Firmwide Risk Management is overseen and managed on an enterprise-wide basis. The Firm’s approach to risk management covers a broad spectrum of risk areas, such as credit, market, liquidity, model, structural interest rate, principal, country, operational, compliance, legal, capital and reputation risk, with controls and governance established for each area, as appropriate.

The Firm believes that effective risk management requires:


•	Acceptance of responsibility, including identification and escalation of risk issues, by all individuals within the Firm;


•	Ownership of risk management within each of the lines of business and corporate functions; and


•	Firmwide structures for risk governance.

The Firm’s Operating Committee, which consists of the Firm’s Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”), Chief Risk Officer (“CRO”) and other senior executives, is responsible for developing and executing the Firm’s risk management framework. The framework is intended to provide controls and ongoing management of key risks inherent in the Firm’s business activities and create a culture of transparency, awareness and personal responsibility through reporting, collaboration, discussion, escalation and sharing of information. The Operating Committee is responsible and accountable to the Firm’s Board of Directors.

The Firm strives for continual improvement through efforts to enhance controls, ongoing employee training and development, talent retention, and other measures. The Firm follows a disciplined and balanced compensation framework with strong internal governance and independent Board oversight. The impact of risk and control issues are carefully considered in the Firm’s performance evaluation and incentive compensation processes. The Firm is also engaged in a number of activities focused on conduct risk and in regularly evaluating its culture with respect to its business principles.

The following provides an index of key risk management disclosures. For further information on these disclosures, refer to the page references noted below in both this Form 10-Q and JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



Risk disclosure	Form 10-Q page reference	Annual Report page reference
Enterprise-Wide Risk Management	40-74	107–164
Risk governance		108–111
Credit Risk Management	41-57	112–132
Credit Portfolio		114
Consumer Credit Portfolio	42-47	115–121
Wholesale Credit Portfolio	48-54	122–129
Allowance For Credit Losses	55-57	130–132
Market Risk Management	58-61	133–139
Risk identification and classification		133
Value-at-risk	58-60	135–137
Economic-value stress testing		137–138
Earnings-at-risk	61	138–139
Country Risk Management	62	140–141
Model Risk Management		142
Principal Risk Management		143
Operational Risk Management		144–146
Operational Risk Measurement		145
Cybersecurity		145
Business and technology resiliency		145–146
Legal Risk Management		146
Compliance Risk Management		147
Reputation Risk Management		148
Capital Management	63-69	149–158
Liquidity Risk Management	70-74	159–164
HQLA	70	160
Funding	71-73	160–163
Credit ratings	73-74	164



CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT

Credit risk is the risk of loss arising from the default of a customer, client or counterparty. The Firm provides credit to a variety of customers, ranging from large corporate and institutional clients to individual consumers and small businesses. For a further discussion of the Firm’s Credit Risk Management framework and organization, and the identification, monitoring and management of credit risks, see Credit Risk Management on pages 112–132 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

In the following tables, reported loans include loans retained (i.e., held-for-investment); loans held-for-sale (which are carried at the lower of cost or fair value, with valuation changes recorded in noninterest revenue); and certain loans accounted for at fair value. In addition, the Firm records certain loans accounted for at fair value in trading assets. For further information regarding these loans, see Notes 3 and 4. For additional information on the Firm’s loans, lending-related commitments and derivative receivables, including the Firm’s accounting policies, see Notes 13, 21, and 5, respectively.

For further information regarding the credit risk inherent in the Firm’s cash placed with banks, see Wholesale credit exposure – industry exposures on pages 50–52; for information regarding the credit risk inherent in the Firm’s investment securities portfolio, see Note 11 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 12 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report; and for information regarding the credit risk inherent in the securities financing portfolio, see Note 12 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 13 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



Total credit portfolio
	Credit exposure						Nonperforming^(b)(c)
(in millions)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
Loans retained	$	866,731		$	832,792		$	7,178	$	6,303
Loans held-for-sale	4,221			1,646			—		101
Loans at fair value	1,852			2,861			7		25
Total loans – reported	872,804			837,299			7,185		6,429
Derivative receivables	78,446			59,677			220		204
Receivables from customers and other	14,426			13,497			—		—
Total credit-related assets	965,676			910,473			7,405		6,633
Assets acquired in loan satisfactions
Real estate owned	NA			NA			305		347
Other	NA			NA			47		54
Total assets acquired in loan satisfactions	NA			NA			352		401
Total assets	965,676			910,473			7,757		7,034
Lending-related commitments	955,474			940,395			460		193
Total credit portfolio	$	1,921,150		$	1,850,868		$	8,217	$	7,227
Credit derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities^(a)	$	(23,185	)	$	(20,681	)	$	—	$	(9	)
Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives	(23,006		)	(16,580		)	NA		NA



(in millions, except ratios)	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net charge-offs	$	1,181		$	1,007		$	2,291		$	2,059
Average retained loans
Loans – reported	855,622			765,730			846,036			757,926
Loans – reported, excluding residential real estate PCI loans	816,572			721,219			806,314			712,693
Net charge-off rates
Loans – reported	0.56		%	0.53		%	0.54		%	0.55		%
Loans – reported, excluding PCI	0.58			0.56			0.57			0.58


(a)	Represents the net notional amount of protection purchased and sold through credit derivatives used to manage both performing and nonperforming wholesale credit exposures; these derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP. For additional information, see Credit derivatives on page 54 and Note 5.


(b)	Excludes PCI loans. The Firm is recognizing interest income on each pool of PCI loans as they are all performing.

(c)

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, nonperforming assets excluded: (1) mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $5.2 billion and $6.3 billion, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due; (2) student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP of $252 million and $290 million, respectively, that are 90 or more days past due; and (3) real estate owned (“REO”) insured by U.S. government agencies of $355 million and $343 million, respectively. These amounts have been excluded based upon the government guarantee. In addition, the Firm’s policy is generally to exempt credit card loans from being placed on nonaccrual status as permitted by regulatory guidance issued by the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (“FFIEC”).



CONSUMER CREDIT PORTFOLIO

The Firm’s consumer portfolio consists primarily of residential real estate loans, credit card loans, auto loans, business banking loans and student loans, and associated lending-related commitments. The Firm’s focus is on serving the prime segment of the consumer credit market. For

further information on consumer loans, see Note 13 of this Form 10-Q and Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 115–121 and Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report. For further information on lending-related commitments, see note 21 of this Form 10-Q.

The following table presents consumer credit-related information with respect to the credit portfolio held by CCB, prime mortgage and home equity loans held by AM, and prime mortgage loans held by Corporate.



Consumer credit portfolio											Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)	Credit exposure						Nonaccrual loans^(h)(i)				Net charge-offs^(j)				Average annual net charge-off rate^(j)(k)				Net charge-offs^(j)				Average annual net charge-off rate^(j)(k)
	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		2016		2015		2016		2015		2016		2015		2016		2015
Consumer, excluding credit card
Loans, excluding PCI loans and loans held-for-sale
Home equity	$	42,371		$	45,559		$	2,012	2,191		$	36	71		0.34	%	0.57	%	$	95	$	162	0.43	%	0.64	%
Residential mortgage	184,704			166,239			2,365		2,503		3		12		0.01		0.04		3		27		—		0.04
Auto^(a)	64,056			60,255			208		116		46		32		0.29		0.23		113		83		0.36		0.30
Business banking^(b)	22,047			21,208			290		263		53		68		0.98		1.34		109		127		1.02		1.26
Student and other	9,512			10,096			210		242		29		43		1.21		1.62		67		91		1.38		1.70
Total loans, excluding PCI loans and loans held-for-sale	322,690			303,357			5,085		5,315		167		226		0.21		0.34		387		490		0.25		0.38
Loans – PCI
Home equity	14,000			14,989			NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA
Prime mortgage	8,240			8,893			NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA
Subprime mortgage	3,089			3,263			NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA
Option ARMs^(c)	13,031			13,853			NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA
Total loans – PCI	38,360			40,998			NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA
Total loans – retained	361,050			344,355			5,085		5,315		167		226		0.19		0.29		387		490		0.22		0.32
Loans held-for-sale	255		^(g)	466		^(g)	—		98		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total consumer, excluding credit card loans	361,305			344,821			5,085		5,413		167		226		0.19		0.29		387		490		0.22		0.32
Lending-related commitments^(d)	59,224			58,478
Receivables from customers^(e)	138			125
Total consumer exposure, excluding credit card	420,667			403,424
Credit card
Loans retained^(f)	131,507			131,387			—		—		860		800		2.70		2.61		1,690		1,589		2.66		2.61
Loans held-for-sale	84			76			—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total credit card loans	131,591			131,463			—		—		860		800		2.70		2.61		1,690		1,589		2.66		2.61
Lending-related commitments^(d)	539,105			515,518
Total credit card exposure	670,696			646,981
Total consumer credit portfolio	$	1,091,363		$	1,050,405		$	5,085	$	5,413	$	1,027	$	1,026	0.85	%	0.95	%	$	2,077	$	2,079	0.87	%	0.98	%
Memo: Total consumer credit portfolio, excluding PCI	$	1,053,003		$	1,009,407		$	5,085	$	5,413	$	1,027	$	1,026	0.92	%	1.06	%	$	2,077	$	2,079	0.95	%	1.10	%


(a)	At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, excluded operating lease assets of $10.9 billion and $9.2 billion, respectively.


(b)	Predominantly includes Business Banking loans as well as deposit overdrafts.


(c)	At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, approximately 66% and 64% of the PCI option adjustable rate mortgage (“ARMs”) portfolio has been modified into fixed-rate, fully amortizing loans, respectively.

(d)

Credit card and home equity lending-related commitments represent the total available lines of credit for these products. The Firm has not experienced, and does not anticipate, that all available lines of credit would be used at the same time. For credit card and home equity commitments (if certain conditions are met), the Firm can reduce or cancel these lines of credit by providing the borrower notice or, in some cases as permitted by law, without notice.


(e)	Receivables from customers represent margin loans to retail brokerage customers, and are included in accrued interest and accounts receivable on the Consolidated balance sheets.


(f)	Includes accrued interest and fees net of an allowance for the uncollectible portion of accrued interest and fee income.


(g)	Predominantly represents prime mortgage loans held-for-sale.

(h)

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, nonaccrual loans excluded loans 90 or more days past due as follows: (1) mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $5.2 billion and $6.3 billion, respectively; and (2) student loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP of $252 million and $290 million, respectively. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee. In addition, the Firm’s policy is generally to exempt credit card loans from being placed on nonaccrual status as permitted by regulatory guidance issued by the FFIEC.


(i)	Excludes PCI loans. The Firm is recognizing interest income on each pool of PCI loans as they are all performing.

(j)

Net charge-offs and the net charge-off rates excluded write-offs in the PCI portfolio of $41 million and $55 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 respectively, and $88 million and $110 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These write-offs decreased the allowance for loan losses for PCI loans. See Allowance for Credit Losses on pages 55–57 for further details.


(k)	Average consumer loans held-for-sale were $354 million and $2.1 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $389 million and $2.5 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. These amounts were excluded when calculating net charge-off rates.

Consumer, excluding credit card

Portfolio analysis

Consumer loan balances increased during the six months ended June 30, 2016, predominantly due to originations of high-quality prime mortgage and auto loans that have been retained on the balance sheet, partially offset by paydowns and the charge-off or liquidation of delinquent loans. Credit performance has continued to improve across most portfolios as the economy strengthened and home prices increased.

PCI loans are excluded from the following discussions of individual loan products and are addressed separately below. For further information about the Firm’s consumer portfolio, including information about delinquencies, loan modifications and other credit quality indicators, see

Note 13.

Home equity: The home equity portfolio declined from the 2015 year-end primarily reflecting loan paydowns and charge-offs. Both early-stage and late-stage delinquencies showed improvement from December 31, 2015. Nonaccrual loans decreased from December 31, 2015 primarily as a result of loss mitigation activities. Net charge-offs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, declined when compared with the same periods of the prior year as a result of improvement in home prices and delinquencies.

At June 30, 2016, approximately 85% of the Firm’s home equity portfolio consists of home equity lines of credit (“HELOCs”) and the remainder consists of home equity loans (“HELOANs”). For further information on the Firm’s home equity portfolio, see Note 13 of this Form 10-Q and Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 115–121 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The unpaid principal balance of HELOCs outstanding was $38 billion at June 30, 2016. Of such amounts, approximately:


•	$13 billion have recast from interest-only to fully amortizing payments or have been modified,


•	$18 billion are scheduled to recast from interest-only to fully amortizing payments in future periods, and


•	$7 billion are interest-only balloon HELOCs, which primarily mature after 2030.

The following chart illustrates the payment recast composition of the approximately $25 billion of HELOCs scheduled to recast in the future, based upon their current contractual terms.

HELOCs scheduled to recast

(at June 30, 2016)

The Firm has considered this payment recast risk in its allowance for loan losses based upon the estimated amount of payment shock (i.e., the excess of the fully-amortizing payment over the interest-only payment in effect prior to recast) expected to occur at the payment recast date, along with the corresponding estimated probability of default and loss severity assumptions. As part of its allowance estimate, the Firm also expects, based on observed activity in recent years, that approximately 25% of the unpaid principal balance of HELOCs scheduled to recast will voluntarily pre-pay prior to or after the recast. The HELOCs that have previously recast to fully amortizing payments generally have higher delinquency rates than the HELOCs within the revolving period, primarily as a result of the payment shock at the time of recast. Certain other factors, such as future developments in both unemployment rates and home prices, could also have a significant impact on the performance of these loans.

The Firm manages the risk of HELOCs during their revolving period by closing or reducing the undrawn line to the extent permitted by law when borrowers are exhibiting a material deterioration in their credit risk profile. The Firm will continue to evaluate both the near-term and longer-term recast risks inherent in its HELOC portfolio to ensure that changes in the Firm’s estimate of incurred losses are appropriately considered in the allowance for loan losses and that the Firm’s account management practices are appropriate given the portfolio’s risk profile.

High-risk seconds are junior lien loans where the borrower has a senior lien loan that is either delinquent or has been modified. Such loans are considered to pose a higher risk of default than junior lien loans for which the senior lien is neither delinquent nor modified. At June 30, 2016, the Firm estimated that the unpaid principal balance of its home equity portfolio contained approximately $1.3 billion of current junior lien loans that were considered high risk seconds, compared with $1.4 billion at December 31, 2015. The Firm estimates the balance of its total exposure to high-risk seconds on a quarterly basis using internal data and loan level credit bureau data (which typically provides the delinquency status of the senior lien). The Firm considers the increased probability of default associated with these high-risk seconds in estimating the allowance for loan losses and classifies those loans that are subordinated to a first lien loan that is more than 90 days delinquent as nonaccrual loans. The estimated balance of these high-risk seconds may vary from quarter to quarter for reasons such as the movement of related senior liens into and out of the 30+ day delinquency bucket. The Firm continues to monitor the risks associated with these loans. For further information, see Note 13.

Residential mortgage: The residential mortgage portfolio predominantly consists of high-quality prime mortgage loans, with a small component (approximately 2%) of the residential mortgage portfolio in subprime mortgage loans. These subprime mortgage loans continue to run-off and are performing in line with expectations. The residential mortgage portfolio, including loans held-for-sale, increased from December 31, 2015 due to retained originations of high-quality prime mortgage loans partially offset by paydowns and the charge-off or liquidation of delinquent loans. Originations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 were primarily high-quality prime mortgage loans with fixed interest rates, and included both jumbo and conforming loans. Both early-stage and late-stage delinquencies showed improvement from December 31, 2015. Nonaccrual loans decreased from December 31, 2015 primarily as a result of loss mitigation activities. Net charge-offs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 remain low, reflecting continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies.

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm’s residential mortgage portfolio included $10.2 billion and $11.1 billion, respectively, of mortgage loans insured and/or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies, of which $7.2 billion and $8.4 billion, respectively, were 30 days or more past due (of these past due loans, $5.2 billion and $6.3 billion, respectively, were 90 days or more past due). The Firm monitors its exposure to any potential unrecoverable claim payments related to government insured loans and considers this exposure in estimating the allowance for loan losses. The financial impact related to exposure for future claims of government guaranteed loans is not expected to be significant.

At both June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm’s residential mortgage portfolio included $17.8 billion of interest-only loans. These loans have an interest-only payment period generally followed by an adjustable-rate or fixed-rate fully amortizing payment period to maturity and are typically originated as higher-balance loans to higher-income borrowers. To date, losses on this portfolio generally have been consistent with the broader residential mortgage portfolio and the Firm’s expectations. The Firm continues to monitor the risks associated with these loans.

Auto: Auto loans increased compared with December 31, 2015, as new originations outpaced paydowns and payoffs. Nonaccrual loans increased compared with December 31, 2015. Net charge-offs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 increased compared with the same periods of the prior year as a result of higher retail auto loan balances and a moderate increase in loss severity. The auto loan portfolio predominantly consists of prime-quality credits.

Business banking: Business banking loans increased compared with December 31, 2015 due to growth in loan originations. Nonaccrual loans increased compared with December 31, 2015. Net charge-offs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 decreased from prior year due to continued discipline in credit underwriting.

Student and other: Student and other loans decreased from December 31, 2015, due primarily to the run-off of the student loan portfolio as the Firm ceased originations of student loans during the fourth quarter of 2013. Nonaccrual loans declined from December 31, 2015 and net charge-offs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 declined from prior year as a result of the run-off of the student loan portfolio.

Purchased credit-impaired loans: PCI loans decreased as the portfolio continues to run off. As of June 30, 2016, approximately 12% of the option ARM PCI loans were delinquent and approximately 66% of the portfolio has been modified into fixed-rate, fully amortizing loans. Substantially all of the remaining loans are making amortizing payments, although such payments are not necessarily fully amortizing. This latter group of loans is subject to the risk of payment shock due to future payment recast. Default rates generally increase on option ARM loans when payment recast results in a payment increase. The expected increase in default rates is considered in the Firm’s quarterly impairment assessment.

The following table provides a summary of lifetime principal loss estimates included in either the nonaccretable difference or the allowance for loan losses.



Summary of PCI loans lifetime principal loss estimates
	Lifetime loss estimates^(a)				LTD liquidation losses^(b)
(in billions)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
Home equity	$	14.6	$	14.5	$	12.8	$	12.7
Prime mortgage	4.0		4.0		3.7		3.7
Subprime mortgage	3.2		3.3		3.0		3.0
Option ARMs	10.0		10.0		9.6		9.5
Total	$	31.8	$	31.8	$	29.1	$	28.9


(a)	Includes the original nonaccretable difference established in purchase accounting of $30.5 billion for principal losses plus additional principal losses recognized subsequent to acquisition through the provision and allowance for loan losses. The remaining nonaccretable difference for principal losses was $1.3 billion and $1.5 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.


(b)	Life-to-date (“LTD”) liquidation losses represent both realization of loss upon loan resolution and any principal forgiven upon modification.

Current estimated LTVs of residential real estate loans

The current estimated average loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratio for residential real estate loans retained, excluding mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies and PCI loans, was 58% at June 30, 2016, compared with 59% at December 31, 2015. The current estimated average LTV ratio for residential real estate PCI loans, based on the unpaid principal balances, was 66% at June 30, 2016, compared with 69% at December 31, 2015.

Average LTV ratios have declined consistent with recent improvements in home prices. For further information on current estimated LTVs on residential real estate loans, see Note 13.

Geographic composition of residential real estate loans

For information on the geographic composition of the Firm’s residential real estate loans, see Note 13.

Loan modification activities – residential real estate loans

The performance of modified loans generally differs by product type due to differences in both the credit quality and the types of modifications provided. The performance of modifications completed under both the U.S. Government’s Home Affordable Modification Program (“HAMP”) and the Firm’s proprietary modification programs (primarily the Firm’s modification program that was modeled after HAMP), as measured through cumulative redefault rates, was not materially different from December 31, 2015. For further information on the Firm’s cumulative redefault rates see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 115–121 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Certain loans that were modified under HAMP and the Firm’s proprietary modification programs have interest rate reset provisions (“step-rate modifications”). Interest rates on these loans generally began to increase commencing in 2014 by 1% per year, and will continue to do so, until the rate reaches a specified cap, typically at a prevailing market interest rate for a fixed-rate loan as of the modification date. The carrying value of non-PCI loans modified in step-rate modifications was $4 billion at June 30, 2016. The unpaid principal balance of PCI loans modified in step-rate modifications was $9 billion at June 30, 2016. The Firm continues to monitor this risk exposure and the impact of these potential interest rate increases is considered in the Firm’s allowance for loan losses.

The following table presents information as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, relating to modified retained residential real estate loans for which concessions have been granted to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. For further information on modifications for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, see Note 13.



Modified residential real estate loans
	June 30, 2016				December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Retained loans		Non-accrual retained loans^(d)		Retained loans		Non-accrual retained loans^(d)
Modified residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans^(a)(b)
Home equity	$	2,304	1,144		$	2,358	1,220
Residential mortgage	6,377		1,846		6,690		1,957
Total modified residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans	$	8,681	$	2,990	$	9,048	$	3,177
Modified PCI loans^(c)
Home equity	$	2,493	NA		$	2,526	NA
Prime mortgage	5,372		NA		5,686		NA
Subprime mortgage	3,078		NA		3,242		NA
Option ARMs	9,859		NA		10,427		NA
Total modified PCI loans	$	20,802	NA		$	21,881	NA


(a)	Amounts represent the carrying value of modified residential real estate loans.

(b)

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, $3.7 billion and $3.8 billion, respectively, of loans modified subsequent to repurchase from Ginnie Mae in accordance with the standards of the appropriate government agency (i.e., FHA, VA, RHS) are not included in the table above. When such loans perform subsequent to modification in accordance with Ginnie Mae guidelines, they are generally sold back into Ginnie Mae loan pools. Modified loans that do not re-perform become subject to foreclosure. For additional information about sales

of loans in securitization transactions with Ginnie Mae, see Note 15.


(c)	Amounts represent the unpaid principal balance of modified PCI loans.


(d)	As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, nonaccrual loans included $2.4 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively, of troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) for which the borrowers were less than 90 days past due. For additional information about loans modified in a TDR that are on nonaccrual status, see Note 13.

Nonperforming assets

The following table presents information as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, about consumer, excluding credit card, nonperforming assets.



Nonperforming assets^(a)
(in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Nonaccrual loans^(b)
Residential real estate	$	4,377	$	4,792
Other consumer	708		621
Total nonaccrual loans	5,085		5,413
Assets acquired in loan satisfactions
Real estate owned	231		277
Other	45		48
Total assets acquired in loan satisfactions	276		325
Total nonperforming assets	$	5,361	$	5,738

(a)

(b)

Excludes PCI loans which are accounted for on a pool basis. Since each pool is accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows, the past-due status of the pools, or that of individual loans within the pools, is not meaningful. Because the Firm is recognizing interest income on each pool of loans, they are all considered to be performing.

Nonaccrual loans in the residential real estate portfolio decreased to $4.4 billion at June 30, 2016 from $4.8 billion at December 31, 2015, of which 30% and 31% were greater than 150 days past due, respectively. In the aggregate, the unpaid principal balance of residential real estate loans greater than 150 days past due was charged down by approximately 43% and 44% to the estimated net realizable value of the collateral at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Active and suspended foreclosure: For information on loans that were in the process of active or suspended foreclosure, see Note 13.

Nonaccrual loans: The following table presents changes in consumer, excluding credit card, nonaccrual loans for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



Nonaccrual loans
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	5,413		$	6,509
Additions	1,802			1,805
Reductions:
Principal payments and other^(a)	730			784
Charge-offs	354			395
Returned to performing status	853			872
Foreclosures and other liquidations	193			279
Total reductions	2,130			2,330
Net additions/(reductions)	(328		)	(525		)
Ending balance	$	5,085		$	5,984


(a)	Other reductions includes loan sales.

Credit Card

Total credit card loans were relatively flat from December 31, 2015. The June 30, 2016 30+ day delinquency rate decreased to 1.40% from 1.43% at December 31, 2015, and remains near record lows. For the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the net charge-off rates were 2.70% and 2.61%, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the net charge-off rates were 2.66% and 2.61%, respectively. The credit card portfolio continues to reflect a largely well-seasoned, rewards-based portfolio that has good U.S. geographic diversification. New originations continue to grow as a percentage of the total portfolio, in line with the Firm’s credit parameters; these originations are expected to generate loss rates higher than the more seasoned portion of the portfolio, given the higher mix of near-prime accounts being originated. These near-prime accounts have net revenue rates and returns on equity that are higher than the portfolio average. For information on the geographic and FICO composition of the Firm’s credit card loans, see Note 13.

Modifications of credit card loans

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm had $1.3 billion and $1.5 billion, respectively, of credit card loans outstanding that have been modified in TDRs. These balances included both credit card loans with modified payment terms and credit card loans that reverted back to their pre-modification payment terms because the cardholder did not comply with the modified payment terms. The decrease in modified credit card loans outstanding from December 31, 2015, was attributable to a reduction in new modifications as well as ongoing payments and charge-offs on previously modified credit card loans.

Consistent with the Firm’s policy, all credit card loans typically remain on accrual status until charged-off. However, the Firm establishes an allowance, which is offset against loans and charged to interest income, for the estimated uncollectible portion of accrued interest and fee income.

For additional information about loan modification

programs to borrowers, see Note 13.



WHOLESALE CREDIT PORTFOLIO

The Firm’s wholesale businesses are exposed to credit risk through underwriting, lending, market-making, and hedging activities with and for clients and counterparties, as well as through various operating services such as cash management and clearing activities. A portion of the loans originated or acquired by the Firm’s wholesale businesses is generally retained on the balance sheet. The Firm distributes a significant percentage of the loans it originates into the market as part of its syndicated loan business and to manage portfolio concentrations and credit risk.

The wholesale credit portfolio, excluding the Oil & Gas, Natural Gas Pipelines and Metals & Mining portfolios, continued to be generally stable for the six months ended June 30, 2016, characterized by low levels of criticized exposure, nonaccrual loans and charge-offs. See industry discussion on pages 50–52 for further information. Growth in loans retained was driven by increased client activity, notably in Commercial Term Lending and Real Estate Banking within commercial real estate. Discipline in underwriting across all areas of lending continues to remain a key point of focus. The wholesale portfolio is actively managed, in part by conducting ongoing, in-depth reviews of client credit quality and transaction structure, inclusive of collateral where applicable; and of industry, product and client concentrations.



Wholesale credit portfolio
	Credit exposure						Nonperforming^(c)
(in millions)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
Loans retained	$	374,174		$	357,050		$	2,093	$	988
Loans held-for-sale	3,882			1,104			—		3
Loans at fair value	1,852			2,861			7		25
Loans – reported	379,908			361,015			2,100		1,016
Derivative receivables	78,446			59,677			220		204
Receivables from customers and other^(a)	14,288			13,372			—		—
Total wholesale credit-related assets	472,642			434,064			2,320		1,220
Lending-related commitments	357,145			366,399			460		193
Total wholesale credit exposure	$	829,787		$	800,463		$	2,780	$	1,413
Credit derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities^(b)	$	(23,185	)	$	(20,681	)	$	—	$	(9	)
Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives	(23,006		)	(16,580		)	NA		NA


(a)	Receivables from customers and other include $14.0 billion and $13.3 billion of margin loans at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, to prime brokerage customers; these are classified in accrued interest and accounts receivable on the Consolidated balance sheets.


(b)	Represents the net notional amount of protection purchased and sold through credit derivatives used to manage both performing and nonperforming wholesale credit exposures; these derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP. For additional information, see Credit derivatives on page 54, and Note 5.


(c)	Excludes assets acquired in loan satisfactions.

The following tables present the maturity and ratings profiles of the wholesale credit portfolio as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. The ratings scale is based on the Firm’s internal risk ratings, which generally correspond to the ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s. For additional information on wholesale loan portfolio risk ratings, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



Wholesale credit exposure – maturity and ratings profile
	Maturity profile^(e)												Ratings profile
June 30, 2016	Due in 1 year or less			Due after 1 year through 5 years			Due after 5 years			Total			Investment-grade			Noninvestment-grade			Total			Total % of IG
(in millions, except ratios)													AAA/Aaa to BBB-/Baa3			BB+/Ba1 & below
Loans retained	$	118,067		$	160,076		$	96,031		$	374,174		$	280,084		$	94,090		$	374,174		75	%
Derivative receivables										78,446									78,446
Less: Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives										(23,006		)							(23,006		)
Total derivative receivables, net of all collateral	17,749			11,578			26,113			55,440			45,221			10,219			55,440			82
Lending-related commitments	92,902			252,253			11,990			357,145			263,740			93,405			357,145			74
Subtotal	228,718			423,907			134,134			786,759			589,045			197,714			786,759			75
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value^(a)										5,734									5,734
Receivables from customers and other										14,288									14,288
Total exposure – net of liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives										$	806,781								$	806,781
Credit derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities by reference entity ratings profile^(b)(c)(d)	$	(1,151	)	$	(17,352	)	$	(4,682	)	$	(23,185	)	$	(19,682	)	$	(3,503	)	$	(23,185	)	85	%



	Maturity profile^(e)												Ratings profile
December 31, 2015	Due in 1 year or less			Due after 1 year through 5 years			Due after 5 years			Total			Investment-grade			Noninvestment-grade			Total			Total % of IG
(in millions, except ratios)													AAA/Aaa to BBB-/Baa3			BB+/Ba1 & below
Loans retained	$	110,348		$	155,902		$	90,800		$	357,050		$	267,736		$	89,314		$	357,050		75	%
Derivative receivables										59,677									59,677
Less: Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives										(16,580		)							(16,580		)
Total derivative receivables, net of all collateral	11,399			12,836			18,862			43,097			34,773			8,324			43,097			81
Lending-related commitments	105,514			251,042			9,843			366,399			267,922			98,477			366,399			73
Subtotal	227,261			419,780			119,505			766,546			570,431			196,115			766,546			74
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value^(a)										3,965									3,965
Receivables from customers and other										13,372									13,372
Total exposure – net of liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivatives										$	783,883								$	783,883
Credit derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities by reference entity ratings profile^(b)(c)(d)	$	(808	)	$	(14,427	)	$	(5,446	)	$	(20,681	)	$	(17,754	)	$	(2,927	)	$	(20,681	)	86	%


(a)	Represents loans held-for-sale, primarily related to syndicated loans and loans transferred from the retained portfolio, and loans at fair value.


(b)	These derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP.


(c)	The notional amounts are presented on a net basis by underlying reference entity and the ratings profile shown is based on the ratings of the reference entity on which protection has been purchased.


(d)	Predominantly all of the credit derivatives entered into by the Firm where it has purchased protection, including credit derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities, are executed with investment-grade counterparties.


(e)	The maturity profile of retained loans, lending-related commitments and derivative receivables is based on the remaining contractual maturity. Derivative contracts that are in a receivable position at June 30, 2016, may become payable prior to maturity based on their cash flow profile or changes in market conditions.

Wholesale credit exposure – industry exposures

The Firm focuses on the management and diversification of its industry exposures, paying particular attention to industries with actual or potential credit concerns. Exposures deemed criticized align with the U.S. banking regulators’ definition of criticized exposures, which consist

of the special mention, substandard and doubtful categories. The total criticized component of the portfolio, excluding loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value, was $21.0 billion at June 30, 2016, compared with $14.6 billion at December 31, 2015, driven by downgrades within the Oil & Gas, Natural Gas Pipelines and Metals & Mining portfolios.

Below are summaries of the Firm’s exposures as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. For additional information on industry concentrations, see Note 5 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



Wholesale credit exposure – industries^(a)											Selected metrics
											30 days or more past due and accruing loans		Net charge-offs/ (recoveries)			Credit derivative hedges^(f)			Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivative receivables
					Noninvestment-grade
As of or for the Six months ended	Credit exposure^(e)		Investment- grade		Noncriticized		Criticized performing		Criticized nonperforming
June 30, 2016
(in millions)
Real Estate	$	125,215	$	96,714	$	27,331	$	947	$	223	$	60	$	—		$	(105	)	$	(146	)
Consumer & Retail	82,682		53,316		27,676		1,461		229		20		18			(594		)	(34		)
Industrials	56,546		37,678		17,709		1,080		79		34		1			(552		)	(21		)
Technology, Media & Telecommunications	55,831		32,659		21,749		1,413		10		81		3			(941		)	(50		)
Healthcare	47,494		36,722		10,251		454		67		49		18			(266		)	(330		)
Banks & Finance Cos	43,434		35,105		7,698		611		20		19		(1		)	(1,405		)	(6,007		)
Oil & Gas	39,675		18,685		10,234		9,392		1,364		1		137			(1,270		)	(34		)
Utilities	31,930		26,591		4,815		387		137		3		—			(279		)	(30		)
Asset Managers	31,655		27,061		4,554		40		—		55		—			(5		)	(5,974		)
State & Municipal Govt^(b)	28,417		27,707		664		6		40		17		—			(130		)	(126		)
Central Govt	24,519		24,095		392		32		—		2		—			(11,226		)	(4,342		)
Chemicals/Plastics	18,117		13,344		4,585		158		30		1		—			(54		)	(3		)
Transportation	17,773		12,224		5,229		281		39		34		—			(96		)	(229		)
Automotive	15,015		9,169		5,637		208		1		2		—			(496		)	(6		)
Metals & Mining	13,816		5,102		7,020		1,506		188		—		27			(484		)	(7		)
Insurance	11,655		9,882		1,646		—		127		22		—			(307		)	(1,843		)
Financial Markets Infrastructure	11,466		10,552		914		—		—		—		—			—			(1,686		)
Securities Firms	5,117		1,633		3,484		—		—		—		—			(232		)	(501		)
All other^(c)	149,408		131,202		17,760		227		219		924		11			(4,743		)	(1,637		)
Subtotal	$	809,765	$	609,441	$	179,348	$	18,203	$	2,773	$	1,324	$	214		$	(23,185	)	$	(23,006	)
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value	5,734
Receivables from customers and interests in purchased receivables	14,288
Total^(d)	$	829,787



											Selected metrics
											30 days or more past due and accruing loans		Net charge-offs/ (recoveries)			Credit derivative hedges^(f)			Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivative receivables
					Noninvestment-grade
As of or for the year ended	Credit exposure^(e)		Investment- grade		Noncriticized		Criticized performing		Criticized nonperforming
December 31, 2015
(in millions)
Real Estate	$	116,857	$	88,076	$	27,087	$	1,463	$	231	$	208	$	(14	)	$	(54	)	$	(47	)
Consumer & Retail	85,460		53,647		29,659		1,947		207		18		13			(288		)	(94		)
Industrials	54,386		36,519		16,663		1,164		40		59		8			(386		)	(39		)
Technology, Media & Telecommunications	57,382		29,205		26,925		1,208		44		5		(1		)	(806		)	(21		)
Healthcare	46,053		37,858		7,755		394		46		129		(7		)	(24		)	(245		)
Banks & Finance Cos	43,398		35,071		7,654		610		63		17		(5		)	(974		)	(5,509		)
Oil & Gas	42,077		24,379		13,158		4,263		277		22		13			(530		)	(37		)
Utilities	30,853		24,983		5,655		168		47		3		—			(190		)	(289		)
Asset Managers	23,815		20,214		3,570		31		—		18		—			(6		)	(4,453		)
State & Municipal Govt^(b)	29,114		28,307		745		7		55		55		(8		)	(146		)	(81		)
Central Govt	17,968		17,871		97		—		—		7		—			(9,359		)	(2,393		)
Chemicals/Plastics	15,232		10,910		4,017		274		31		9		—			(17		)	—
Transportation	19,227		13,258		5,801		167		1		15		3			(51		)	(243		)
Automotive	13,864		9,182		4,580		101		1		4		(2		)	(487		)	(1		)
Metals & Mining	14,049		6,522		6,434		1,008		85		1		—			(449		)	(4		)
Insurance	11,889		9,812		1,958		26		93		23		—			(157		)	(1,410		)
Financial Markets Infrastructure	7,973		7,304		669		—		—		—		—			—			(167		)
Securities Firms	4,412		1,505		2,907		—		—		3		—			(102		)	(256		)
All other^(c)	149,117		130,488		18,095		370		164		1,015		10			(6,655		)	(1,291		)
Subtotal	$	783,126	$	585,111	$	183,429	$	13,201	$	1,385	$	1,611	$	10		$	(20,681	)	$	(16,580	)
Loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value	3,965
Receivables from customers and interests in purchased receivables	13,372
Total^(d)	$	800,463


(a)	The industry rankings presented in the table as of December 31, 2015, are based on the industry rankings of the corresponding exposures at June 30, 2016, not actual rankings of such exposures at December 31, 2015.

(b)

In addition to the credit risk exposure to states and municipal governments (both U.S. and non-U.S.) at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, noted above, the Firm held: $9.2 billion and $7.6 billion, respectively, of trading securities; $32.1 billion and $33.6 billion, respectively, of AFS securities; and $14.5 billion and $12.8 billion, respectively, of HTM securities, issued by U.S. state and municipal governments. For further information, see Note 3 and Note 11.


(c)	All other includes: individuals; SPEs; holding companies; and private education and civic organizations, representing approximately 54%, 37%, 5% and 4%, respectively, at June 30, 2016, and 54%, 37%, 5% and 4%, respectively, at December 31, 2015.


(d)	Excludes cash placed with banks of $355.8 billion and $351.0 billion, at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, placed with various central banks, predominantly Federal Reserve Banks.


(e)	Credit exposure is net of risk participations and excludes the benefit of credit derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities held against derivative receivables or loans and liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivative receivables.


(f)	Represents the net notional amounts of protection purchased and sold through credit derivatives used to manage the credit exposures; these derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting under U.S. GAAP. The All other category includes purchased credit protection on certain credit indices.

Presented below is a discussion of certain industries to which the Firm has significant exposures and which present actual or potential credit concerns.

Oil & Gas and Natural Gas Pipelines

The following table presents Oil & Gas and Natural Gas Pipeline exposures as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.



	June 30, 2016
(in millions, except ratios)	Loans and Lending-related Commitments		Derivative Receivables		Credit exposure		% Investment-grade		% Drawn
Exploration & Production (“E&P”) and Oilfield Services^(a)	$	21,060	$	813	$	21,873	26	%	40	%
Other Oil & Gas^(b)	16,888		913		17,801		73		30
Total Oil & Gas	37,948		1,726		39,674		47		35
Natural Gas Pipelines^(c)	4,552		192		4,744		67		37
Total Oil & Gas and Natural Gas Pipelines	$	42,500	$	1,918	$	44,418	49		35

	December 31, 2015
(in millions, except ratios)	Loans and Lending-related Commitments		Derivative Receivables		Credit exposure		% Investment- grade		% Drawn
E&P and Oilfield Services^(a)	$	23,055	$	400	$	23,455	44	%	36	%
Other Oil & Gas^(b)	17,120		1,502		18,622		76		27
Total Oil & Gas	40,175		1,902		42,077		58		32
Natural Gas Pipelines^(c)	4,093		158		4,251		64		21
Total Oil & Gas and Natural Gas Pipelines	$	44,268	$	2,060	$	46,328	59		31


(a)	Noninvestment-grade exposure to E&P and Oilfield Services is largely secured.


(b)	Other Oil & Gas includes Integrated Oil & Gas companies, Midstream/Oil Pipeline companies and refineries.


(c)	Natural Gas Pipelines is reported within the Utilities industry.

Exposure to the Oil & Gas and Natural Gas Pipelines portfolios was approximately 5.4% of the Firm’s total wholesale exposure as of June 30, 2016 and 5.8% as of December 31, 2015. Exposure to these industries decreased by $1.9 billion during the six months ended June 30, 2016 to $44.4 billion; of the $44.4 billion, $15.7 billion was drawn. As of June 30, 2016, approximately $21.9 billion of the exposure was investment grade, of which $5.7 billion was drawn, and approximately $22.5 billion of the exposure was noninvestment-grade, of which $10.0 billion was drawn; 25% of the exposure to the Oil & Gas and Natural Gas Pipelines industries was criticized. Secured lending, of which approximately half is reserve-based lending to the Exploration & Production sub-sector of the Oil & Gas industry, was $13.8 billion as of June 30, 2016; 48% of the secured lending exposure was drawn. Exposure to commercial real estate, which is reported within the Real Estate industry, in certain areas of Texas, California and Colorado, that are deemed sensitive to the Oil & Gas industry, was approximately $4 billion as of June 30, 2016. While the overall trends and sentiment have been improving, the Firm continues to actively monitor and manage its exposure to these portfolios. The Firm is also actively monitoring potential contagion effects to other related or dependent industries and geographies; however, to date, the Firm has not observed any material deterioration in these related or dependent industries and geographies in the wholesale portfolio.

Metals & Mining: Exposure to the Metals & Mining industry was approximately 1.7% and 1.8% of the Firm’s total wholesale exposure as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively. Exposure to the Metals & Mining industry decreased by $233 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016 to $13.8 billion, of which $4.6 billion was drawn. The portfolio largely consisted of exposure in North America, and was concentrated in the Steel and Diversified Mining sub-sectors. Approximately 37% and 46% of the exposure in the Metals & Mining portfolio was investment-grade as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Loans

In the normal course of its wholesale business, the Firm provides loans to a variety of customers, ranging from large corporate and institutional clients to high-net-worth individuals. The Firm actively manages its wholesale credit exposure. One way of managing credit risk is through secondary market sales of loans and lending-related commitments. For further discussion on loans, including information on credit quality indicators and sales of loans, see Note 13.

The following table presents the change in the nonaccrual loan portfolio for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



Wholesale nonaccrual loan activity^(a)
Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015
Beginning balance	$	1,016	$	624
Additions	1,902		792
Reductions:
Paydowns and other	419		284
Gross charge-offs	226		31
Returned to performing status	149		199
Sales	24		3
Total reductions	818		517
Net changes	1,084		275
Ending balance	$	2,100	$	899


(a)	Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when management believes full payment of principal or interest is not expected, regardless of delinquency status, or when principal or interest have been in default for a period of 90 days or more, unless the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection.

The following table presents net charge-offs/recoveries, which are defined as gross charge-offs less recoveries, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. The amounts in the table below do not include gains or losses from sales of nonaccrual loans.



Wholesale net charge-offs/(recoveries)
(in millions, except ratios)	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
	2016			2015			2016			2015
Loans – reported
Average loans retained	$	369,706		$	331,924		$	365,006		$	329,921
Gross charge-offs	159			4			228			33
Gross recoveries	(5		)	(23		)	(14		)	(53		)
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)	154			(19		)	214			(20		)
Net charge-off/(recovery) rate	0.17		%	(0.02		)%	0.12		%	(0.01		)%

Lending-related commitments

The Firm uses lending-related financial instruments, such as commitments (including revolving credit facilities) and guarantees, to meet the financing needs of its customers. The contractual amounts of these financial instruments represent the maximum possible credit risk should the counterparties draw down on these commitments or the Firm fulfills its obligations under these guarantees, and the counterparties subsequently fail to perform according to the terms of these contracts.

In the Firm’s view, the total contractual amount of these wholesale lending-related commitments is not representative of the Firm’s likely actual future credit exposure or funding requirements. In determining the amount of credit risk exposure the Firm has to wholesale lending-related commitments, which is used as the basis for allocating credit risk capital to these commitments, the Firm has established a “loan-equivalent” amount for each commitment; this amount represents the portion of the unused commitment or other contingent exposure that is expected, based on average portfolio historical experience, to become drawn upon in an event of a default by an obligor. The loan-equivalent amount of the Firm’s wholesale lending-related commitments was $212.7 billion and $212.4 billion as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Derivative contracts

In the normal course of business, the Firm uses derivative instruments predominantly for market-making activities. Derivatives enable clients to manage exposures to fluctuations in interest rates, currencies and other markets. The Firm also uses derivative instruments to manage its own credit and other market risk exposure. For further discussion of derivative contracts, see Note 5.

The following table summarizes the net derivative receivables for the periods presented.



Derivative receivables
(in millions)	Derivative receivables
	June 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
Interest rate	$	37,885		$	26,363
Credit derivatives	1,794			1,423
Foreign exchange	24,083			17,177
Equity	7,127			5,529
Commodity	7,557			9,185
Total, net of cash collateral	78,446			59,677
Liquid securities and other cash collateral held against derivative receivables^(a)	(23,006		)	(16,580		)
Total, net of collateral	$	55,440		$	43,097


(a)	Includes collateral related to derivative instruments where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained.

Derivative receivables reported on the Consolidated balance sheets were $78.4 billion and $59.7 billion at June 30, 2016, and December��31, 2015, respectively. These amounts represent the fair value of the derivative contracts after giving effect to legally enforceable master netting agreements and cash collateral held by the Firm. However, in management’s view, the appropriate measure of current credit risk should also take into consideration additional liquid securities (primarily U.S. government and agency securities and other group of seven nations (“G7”) government bonds) and other cash collateral held by the Firm aggregating $23.0 billion and $16.6 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, that may be used as security when the fair value of the client’s exposure is in the Firm’s favor. The increase in derivative receivables at June 30, 2016 from December 31, 2015, was predominantly related to client-driven market-making activities in CIB, which resulted in higher interest rate and foreign exchange derivative receivables, driven by market movements.

In addition to the collateral described in the preceding paragraph, the Firm also holds additional collateral (primarily cash, G7 government securities, other liquid government-agency and guaranteed securities, and corporate debt and equity securities) delivered by clients at the initiation of transactions, as well as collateral related to contracts that have a non-daily call frequency and collateral that the Firm has agreed to return but has not yet settled as of the reporting date. Although this collateral does not reduce the balances and is not included in the table above, it is available as security against potential exposure that could arise should the fair value of the client’s derivative transactions move in the Firm’s favor.

The derivative receivables fair value, net of all collateral, also does not include other credit enhancements, such as letters of credit. For additional information on the Firm’s use of collateral agreements, see Note 5.

The following table summarizes the ratings profile by derivative counterparty of the Firm’s derivative receivables, including credit derivatives, net of other liquid securities collateral, at the dates indicated. The ratings scale is based on the Firm’s internal ratings, which generally correspond to the ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s.



Ratings profile of derivative receivables
Rating equivalent	June 30, 2016				December 31, 2015
(in millions, except ratios)	Exposure net of collateral		% of exposure net of collateral		Exposure net of collateral		% of exposure net of collateral
AAA/Aaa to AA-/Aa3	$	13,921	25	%	$	10,371	24	%
A+/A1 to A-/A3	13,382		24		10,595		25
BBB+/Baa1 to BBB-/Baa3	17,918		32		13,807		32
BB+/Ba1 to B-/B3	9,160		17		7,500		17
CCC+/Caa1 and below	1,059		2		824		2
Total	$	55,440	100	%	$	43,097	100	%

As previously noted, the Firm uses collateral agreements to mitigate counterparty credit risk. The percentage of the Firm’s derivatives transactions subject to collateral agreements — excluding foreign exchange spot trades, which are not typically covered by collateral agreements due to their short maturity — was 87% at each of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Credit derivatives

The Firm uses credit derivatives for two primary purposes: first, in its capacity as a market-maker, and second, as an end-user, to manage the Firm’s own credit risk associated with various exposures. For a detailed description of credit derivatives, see Credit derivatives in Note 5 of this Form

10-Q, and Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Credit portfolio management activities

Included in the Firm’s end-user activities are credit derivatives used to mitigate the credit risk associated with traditional lending activities (loans and unfunded commitments) and derivatives counterparty exposure in the Firm’s wholesale businesses (collectively, “credit portfolio

management” activities). Information on credit portfolio management activities is provided in the table below. For further information on derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities, see Credit derivatives in Note 5 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



Credit derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities
	Notional amount of protection purchased and sold ^(a)
(in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Credit derivatives used to manage:
Loans and lending-related commitments	$	2,755	$	2,289
Derivative receivables	20,430		18,392
Credit derivatives used in credit portfolio management activities	$	23,185	$	20,681


(a)	Amounts are presented net, considering the Firm’s net protection purchased or sold with respect to each underlying reference entity or index.



ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

JPMorgan Chase’s allowance for loan losses covers both the consumer (primarily scored) portfolio and wholesale (risk-rated) portfolio. The allowance represents management’s estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the Firm’s loan portfolio. Management also determines an allowance for wholesale and certain consumer lending-related commitments.

For a further discussion of the components of the allowance for credit losses and related management judgments, see Critical Accounting Estimates Used by the Firm on pages 76–77 and Note 14 of this Form 10-Q, and Critical Accounting Estimates Used by the Firm on pages 165–169 and Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

At least quarterly, the allowance for credit losses is reviewed by the CRO, the Chief Financial Officer and the Controller of the Firm, and discussed with the Board of Directors Risk Policy Committee and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors. As of June 30, 2016, JPMorgan Chase deemed the allowance for credit losses to be appropriate and sufficient to absorb probable credit losses inherent in the portfolio.

The consumer allowance for loan losses increased from December 31, 2015, due to higher loss rates in newer credit card vintages, as well as growth in the credit card and auto loan portfolios, partially offset by a reduction in the allowance primarily due to improved credit quality of the residential real estate loan portfolio, reflecting originations of high-quality mortgages and the run-off of lower-quality legacy portfolios. For additional information about delinquencies and nonaccrual loans in the consumer, excluding credit card, loan portfolio, see Consumer Credit Portfolio on pages 42–47 and Note 13.

The wholesale allowance for credit losses increased from December 31, 2015, primarily driven by downgrades in the Oil & Gas, Natural Gas Pipelines, and Metals & Mining portfolios. Excluding these portfolios, the wholesale portfolio continued to experience generally stable credit quality trends and low charge-off rates.



Summary of changes in the allowance for credit losses
	2016												2015
Six months ended June 30,	Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card			Wholesale			Total			Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card			Wholesale			Total
(in millions, except ratios)
Allowance for loan losses
Beginning balance at January 1,	$	5,806		$	3,434		$	4,315		$	13,555		$	7,050		$	3,439		$	3,696		$	14,185
Gross charge-offs	688			1,874			228			2,790			827			1,776			33			2,636
Gross recoveries	(301		)	(184		)	(14		)	(499		)	(337		)	(187		)	(53		)	(577		)
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)	387			1,690			214			2,291			490			1,589			(20		)	2,059
Write-offs of PCI loans^(a)	88			—			—			88			110			—			—			110
Provision for loan losses	316			1,940			796			3,052			42			1,589			265			1,896
Other	(1		)	—			—			(1		)	—			(5		)	8			3
Ending balance at June 30,	$	5,646		$	3,684		$	4,897		$	14,227		$	6,492		$	3,434		$	3,989		$	13,915
Impairment methodology
Asset-specific^(b)	$	365		$	361		$	525		$	1,251		$	436		$	518		$	147		$	1,101
Formula-based	2,627			3,323			4,372			10,322			2,841			2,916			3,842			9,599
PCI	2,654			—			—			2,654			3,215			—			—			3,215
Total allowance for loan losses	$	5,646		$	3,684		$	4,897		$	14,227		$	6,492		$	3,434		$	3,989		$	13,915
Allowance for lending-related commitments
Beginning balance at January 1,	$	14		$	—		$	772		$	786		$	13		$	—		$	609		$	622
Provision for lending-related commitments	—			—			174			174			2			—			(4		)	(2		)
Ending balance at June 30,	$	14		$	—		$	946		$	960		$	15		$	—		$	605		$	620
Impairment methodology
Asset-specific	$	—		$	—		$	143		$	143		$	—		$	—		$	55		$	55
Formula-based	14			—			803			817			15			—			550			565
Total allowance for lending-related commitments^(c)	$	14		$	—		$	946		$	960		$	15		$	—		$	605		$	620
Total allowance for credit losses	$	5,660		$	3,684		$	5,843		$	15,187		$	6,507		$	3,434		$	4,594		$	14,535
Memo:
Retained loans, end of period	$	361,050		$	131,507		$	374,174		$	866,731		$	316,781		$	124,705		$	338,219		$	779,705
Retained loans, average	353,259			127,771			365,006			846,036			305,463			122,542			329,921			757,926
PCI loans, end of period	38,360			—			4			38,364			43,806			—			4			43,810
Credit ratios
Allowance for loan losses to retained loans	1.56		%	2.80		%	1.31		%	1.64		%	2.05		%	2.75		%	1.18		%	1.78		%
Allowance for loan losses to retained nonaccrual loans^(d)	111			NM			234			198			112			NM			457			209
Allowance for loan losses to retained nonaccrual loans excluding credit card	111			NM			234			147			112			NM			457			158
Net charge-off/(recovery) rates	0.22			2.66			0.12			0.54			0.32			2.61			(0.01		)	0.55
Credit ratios, excluding residential real estate PCI loans
Allowance for loan losses to retained loans	0.93			2.80			1.31			1.40			1.20			2.75			1.18			1.45
Allowance for loan losses to retained nonaccrual loans^(d)	59			NM			234			161			57			NM			457			161
Allowance for loan losses to retained nonaccrual loans excluding credit card	59			NM			234			110			57			NM			457			109
Net charge-off/(recovery) rates	0.25		%	2.66		%	0.12		%	0.57		%	0.38		%	2.61		%	(0.01		)%	0.58		%

Note: In the table above, the financial measures which exclude the impact of PCI loans are non-GAAP financial measures. For additional information, see Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Key Performance Measures on pages 16–17.


(a)	Write-offs of PCI loans are recorded against the allowance for loan losses when actual losses for a pool exceed estimated losses that were recorded as purchase accounting adjustments at the time of acquisition. A write-off of a PCI loan is recognized when the underlying loan is removed from a pool (e.g., upon liquidation).


(b)	Includes risk-rated loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status and loans that have been modified in a TDR. The asset-specific credit card allowance for loan losses modified in a TDR is calculated based on the loans’ original contractual interest rates and does not consider any incremental penalty rates.


(c)	The allowance for lending-related commitments is reported in accounts payable and other liabilities on the Consolidated balance sheets.


(d)	The Firm’s policy is generally to exempt credit card loans from being placed on nonaccrual status as permitted by regulatory guidance.

Provision for credit losses

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, the provision for credit losses was $1.4 billion and $3.2 billion, respectively, compared with $935 million and $1.9 billion, respectively, in the prior year periods.

The total consumer provision for credit losses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 increased when compared with the prior year, as the prior year included a reduction in the allowance for loan losses and the current year included an increase. The current year increase in the allowance for loan losses was a result of higher loss rates in

newer credit card vintages, as well as growth in the credit card and auto loan portfolios, partially offset by reductions in the allowance due to continued improvement in home prices and delinquencies in the residential real estate portfolio as well as runoff in the student loan portfolio.

The wholesale provision for credit losses for the six months ended June 30, 2016 reflected higher net charge-offs and the impact of downgrades in the Oil & Gas, Natural Gas Pipelines, and Metals & Mining portfolios.



	Three months ended June 30,															Six months ended June 30,
	Provision for loan losses					Provision for lending-related commitments					Total provision for credit losses					Provision for loan losses				Provision for lending-related commitments					Total provision for credit losses
(in millions)	2016		2015			2016			2015		2016		2015			2016		2015		2016		2015			2016		2015
Consumer, excluding credit card	$	95	$	(99	)	$	—		$	1	$	95	$	(98	)	$	316	$	42	$	—	$	2		$	316	$	44
Credit card	1,110		800			—			—		1,110		800			1,940		1,589		—		—			1,940		1,589
Total consumer	1,205		701			—			1		1,205		702			2,256		1,631		—		2			2,256		1,633
Wholesale	251		207			(54		)	26		197		233			796		265		174		(4		)	970		261
Total	$	1,456	$	908		$	(54	)	$	27	$	1,402	$	935		$	3,052	$	1,896	$	174	$	(2	)	$	3,226	$	1,894



MARKET RISK MANAGEMENT

Market risk is the potential for adverse changes in the value of the Firm’s assets and liabilities resulting from changes in market variables such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity prices, commodity prices, implied volatilities or credit spreads. For a discussion of the Firm’s market risk management organization, risk identification and classification, tools used to measure risk, and risk monitoring and control, see Market Risk Management on pages 133–139 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Value-at-risk

JPMorgan Chase utilizes VaR, a statistical risk measure, to estimate the potential loss from adverse market moves in a normal market environment. The Firm has a single VaR framework used as a basis for calculating Risk Management VaR and Regulatory VaR.

Since VaR is based on historical data, it is an imperfect measure of market risk exposure and potential losses, and it is not used to estimate the impact of stressed market conditions or to manage any impact from potential stress events. In addition, based on their reliance on available historical data, limited time horizons, and other factors, VaR measures are inherently limited in their ability to measure certain risks and to predict losses, particularly those associated with market illiquidity and sudden or severe shifts in market conditions. The Firm therefore considers other measures in addition to VaR, such as stress testing, to capture and manage its market risk positions.

In addition, for certain products, specific risk parameters are not captured in VaR due to the lack of inherent liquidity and availability of appropriate historical data. The Firm uses proxies to estimate the VaR for these and other products when daily time series are not available. It is likely that using an actual price-based time series for these products, if available, would affect the VaR results presented.

The Firm uses alternative methods to capture and measure those risk parameters that are not otherwise captured in VaR, including economic-value stress testing and nonstatistical measures. For further information, see Market Risk Management on pages 133–139 of the 2015 Annual Report.

The Firm’s VaR model calculations are periodically evaluated and enhanced in response to changes in the composition of the Firm’s portfolios, changes in market conditions, improvements in the Firm’s modeling techniques and other factors. Such changes may affect historical comparisons to current VaR results. For information regarding model reviews and approvals, see Model Risk Management on page 142 of the 2015 Annual Report.

The Firm’s Risk Management VaR is calculated assuming a one-day holding period and an expected tail-loss methodology which approximates a 95% confidence level. For risk management purposes, the Firm believes this methodology provides a stable measure of VaR that closely aligns to the day-to-day risk management decisions made by the lines of business, and provides the necessary and appropriate information to respond to risk events on a daily basis. The Firm calculates separately a daily aggregated VaR in accordance with regulatory rules (“Regulatory VaR”), which is used to derive the Firm’s regulatory VaR-based capital requirements under Basel III. For further information regarding the key differences between Risk Management VaR and Regulatory VaR, see page 135 of the 2015 Annual Report. For additional information on Regulatory VaR and the other components of market risk regulatory capital for the Firm (e.g. VaR-based measure, stressed VaR-based measure and the respective backtesting), see JPMorgan Chase’s Pillar 3 Regulatory Capital Disclosures reports, which are available on the Firm’s website at:

(http://investor.shareholder.com/jpmorganchase/basel.cfm).

The table below shows the results of the Firm’s Risk Management VaR measure using a 95% confidence level.



Total VaR	Three months ended June 30,																												Six months ended June 30,
	2016										2015										At June 30,								Average
(in millions)	Avg.				Min			Max			Avg.				Min			Max			2016				2015				2016				2015
CIB trading VaR by risk type
Fixed income	$	46			$	37		$	62		$	41			$	31		$	52		$	60			$	45			$	46			$	38
Foreign exchange	12				7			17			9				6			13			16				9				11				9
Equities	14				10			20			16				11			25			11				23				18				17
Commodities and other	9				7			10			9				8			13			10				9				9				9
Diversification benefit to CIB trading VaR	(37		)	^(a)	NM		^(b)	NM		^(b)	(37		)	^(a)	NM		^(b)	NM		^(b)	(48		)	^(a)	(35		)	^(a)	(35		)	^(a)	(37		)	^(a)
CIB trading VaR	44				35			59			38				28			51			49				51				49				36
Credit portfolio VaR	12				11			13			15				12			19			13				13				12				16
Diversification benefit to CIB VaR	(12		)	^(a)	NM		^(b)	NM		^(b)	(10		)	^(a)	NM		^(b)	NM		^(b)	(12		)	^(a)	(11		)	^(a)	(11		)	^(a)	(9		)	^(a)
CIB VaR	44				34			59			43				35			53			50				53				50				43

Mortgage Banking VaR	3				1			5			4				3			7			2				5				4				4
Treasury and CIO VaR	11				7			13			4				3			4			13				4				9				4
Asset Management VaR	4				3			4			3				2			3			4				3				3				3
Diversification benefit to other VaR	(5		)	^(a)	NM		^(b)	NM		^(b)	(4		)	^(a)	NM		^(b)	NM		^(b)	(4		)	^(a)	(3		)	^(a)	(5		)	^(a)	(4		)	^(a)
Other VaR	13				10			16			7				6			10			15				9				11				7
Diversification benefit to CIB and other VaR	(12		)	^(a)	NM		^(b)	NM		^(b)	(8		)	^(a)	NM		^(b)	NM		^(b)	(12		)	^(a)	(11		)	^(a)	(12		)	^(a)	(7		)	^(a)
Total VaR	$	45			$	36		$	56		$	42			$	35		$	51		$	53			$	51			$	49			$	43


(a)	Average portfolio VaR and period-end portfolio VaR were less than the sum of the VaR of the components described above, which is due to portfolio diversification. The diversification effect reflects the fact that the risks are not perfectly correlated.


(b)	Designated as NM, because the minimum and maximum may occur on different days for different risk components, and hence it is not meaningful to compute a portfolio-diversification effect.

As presented in the table above, average Total VaR increased for the three months ended June 30, 2016 as compared with the respective prior year period. The increase is due to changes in the profile of the fixed income and foreign exchange risk exposures for CIB Trading VaR. This was offset by a lower risk profile in equities and lower exposures arising from select positions in Credit Portfolio VaR. Treasury and CIO VaR increased due to hedging activities in relation to the Firm’s non-U.S. dollar long term debt issuance program.

The average total VaR for the six months ended June 30, 2016 increased from the prior year largely for the reasons described above relating to VaR for the three months ended June 30, 2016.

The Firm continues to enhance its VaR model calculations and the time series inputs related to certain asset-backed products.

The Firm’s average total VaR diversification benefit was

$12 million, or 27% of the sum, for the three months ended June 30, 2016 compared with $8 million, or 19% of the sum, for the comparable 2015 period.

VaR exposure can vary significantly as positions change, market volatility fluctuates and diversification benefits change.

VaR back-testing

The Firm evaluates the effectiveness of its VaR methodology by back-testing, which compares the daily Risk Management VaR results with the daily gains and losses recognized on market-risk related revenue.

The Firm’s definition of market risk-related gains and losses is consistent with the definition used by the banking regulators under Basel III. Under this definition market risk-related gains and losses are defined as: gains and losses on the positions included in the Firm’s Risk Management VaR excluding fees, commissions, certain valuation adjustments (e.g., liquidity and DVA), net interest income, and gains and losses arising from intraday trading.

The following chart compares the daily market risk-related gains and losses with the Firm’s Risk Management VaR for the six months ended June 30, 2016. As the chart presents market risk-related gains and losses related to those positions included in the Firm’s Risk Management VaR, the results in the table below differ from the results of back-testing disclosed in the Market Risk section of the Firm’s Basel III Pillar 3 Regulatory Capital Disclosures reports, which are based on Regulatory VaR applied to covered positions. The chart shows that for the six months ended June 30, 2016, the Firm observed 3 VaR back-testing exceptions and posted gains on 82 of the 129 days. The Firm observed 2 VaR back-testing exceptions and posted gains on 43 of the 65 days for the three months ended June 30, 2016.

Daily Market Risk-Related Gains and Losses

vs. Risk Management VaR (1-day, 95% Confidence level)

Six months ended June 30, 2016

Market Risk-Related Gains and Losses

Risk Management VaR



January	February	March	April	May	June

For the three months ended June 30, 2016 there were 2 back-testing exceptions. These exceptions occurred towards the end of June 2016 subsequent to the U.K. referendum on membership in the European Union and reflect the elevated market volatility observed across multiple asset classes following the outcome of the vote.

Spread sensitivity on derivatives and fair value option elected liabilities

VaR excludes the impact of changes in the spread related to derivatives FVA/DVA and fair value option elected liabilities DVA. At June 30, 2016, the sensitivity of FVA/DVA

expressed as a one basis point parallel increase in the spread was a net gain of approximately $11 million. This sensitivity may not be representative of the actual gain or loss realized within a period, as the movement in spreads across various maturities may vary.

Earnings-at-risk

The VaR and sensitivity measures described above illustrate the economic sensitivity of the Firm’s Consolidated balance sheets to changes in market variables. The effect of interest rate exposure on the Firm’s reported net income is also important as interest rate risk represents one of the Firm’s significant market risks. Interest rate risk arises not only from trading activities but also from the Firm’s traditional banking activities, which include extension of loans and credit facilities, taking deposits and issuing debt. The Firm evaluates its structural interest rate risk exposure through earnings-at-risk, which measures the extent to which changes in interest rates will affect the Firm’s net interest income and interest rate-sensitive fees. Earnings-at-risk excludes the impact of CIB’s markets-based activities and CCB’s MSRs, as these sensitivities are captured under VaR.

The Firm generates a net interest income baseline, and then conducts simulations of changes for interest rate-sensitive assets and liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars and other currencies (“non-U.S. dollar” currencies). Earnings-at-risk scenarios estimate the potential change in this net interest income baseline, excluding CIB’s markets-based activities and MSRs, over the following 12 months utilizing multiple assumptions. These scenarios consider the impact on exposures as a result of changes in interest rates from baseline rates, as well as the pricing sensitivities of deposits, optionality and changes in product mix. The scenarios include forecasted balance sheet changes, as well as modeled prepayment and reinvestment behavior, but do not include assumptions about actions that could be taken by the Firm in response to any such instantaneous rate changes. Mortgage prepayment assumptions are based on current interest rates compared with underlying contractual rates, the time since origination, and other factors which are updated periodically based on historical experience. The Firm’s earnings-at-risk scenarios are periodically evaluated and enhanced in response to changes in the composition of the Firm’s balance sheet, changes in market conditions, improvements in the Firm’s simulation and other factors.

The Firm’s U.S. dollar sensitivities are presented in the table below. The non-U.S. dollar sensitivities are not material to the Firm’s earnings-at-risk at June 30, 2016.

JPMorgan Chase’s 12-month pre-tax net interest income sensitivity profiles

(Excludes the impact of CIB’s markets-based activities and MSRs)

(in billions)

Instantaneous change in rates

June 30, 2016

+200bps

+100bps

-100bps

-200bps

U.S. dollar

4.9

3.0

^(a)


(a)	Given the current level of market interest rates, downward parallel 100 and 200 basis point earnings-at-risk scenarios are not considered to be meaningful.

The Firm’s benefit to rising rates on U.S. dollar assets and liabilities is largely a result of reinvesting at higher yields and assets re-pricing at a faster pace than deposits. The Firm’s U.S. dollar sensitivity profile at June 30, 2016 was not materially different than at December 31, 2015.

Separately, another U.S. dollar interest rate scenario used by the Firm — involving a steeper yield curve with long-term rates rising by 100 basis points and short-term rates staying at current levels — results in a 12-month pre-tax benefit to net interest income, excluding CIB’s markets-based activities and MSRs, of approximately $700 million. The increase in net interest income under this scenario reflects the Firm reinvesting at the higher long-term rates, with funding costs remaining unchanged. The result of the comparable non-U.S. dollar analysis was not material to the Firm.



COUNTRY RISK MANAGEMENT

Country risk is the risk that a sovereign event or action alters the value or terms of contractual obligations of obligors, counterparties and issuers or adversely affects markets related to a particular country. The Firm has a comprehensive country risk management framework for assessing country risks, determining risk tolerance, and measuring and monitoring direct country exposures in the Firm. The Country Risk Management group is responsible for developing guidelines and policies for managing country risk in both emerging and developed countries. The Country Risk Management group actively monitors the various portfolios giving rise to country risk to ensure the Firm’s country risk exposures are diversified and that exposure levels are appropriate given the Firm’s strategy and risk tolerance relative to a country.

For information on the June 23, 2016 U.K. referendum on membership in the European Union, see Executive Overview on pages 5–7.

For a discussion of the Firm’s Country Risk Management organization, and country risk identification, measurement, monitoring and control, see pages 140–141 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following table presents the Firm’s top 20 exposures by country (excluding the U.S.) as of June 30, 2016. The selection of countries is based solely on the Firm’s largest total exposures by country, based on the Firm’s internal country risk management approach, and does not represent the Firm’s view of any actual or potentially adverse credit conditions. Country exposures may fluctuate from period to period due to client activity and market flows.

In the table below, the increase in the Germany exposure since March 31, 2016, largely reflects an increase in the balance of Euros placed with the German central bank, driven by changing client positions and prevailing market and liquidity conditions.



Top 20 country exposures
	June 30, 2016
(in billions)	Lending^(a)		Trading and investing^(b)(c)		Other^(d)		Total exposure
United Kingdom	$	34.5	$	19.4	$	0.8	$	54.7
Germany	35.4		17.1		0.3		52.8
Japan	19.9		6.1		0.3		26.3
France	12.9		8.9		0.1		21.9
China	8.5		6.6		1.2		16.3
Canada	11.8		2.9		0.1		14.8
Switzerland	9.3		0.3		5.1		14.7
Australia	7.2		4.7		—		11.9
Brazil	5.1		5.8		—		10.9
Netherlands	6.0		3.7		1.1		10.8
India	3.5		5.1		0.3		8.9
Hong Kong	2.2		2.3		4.0		8.5
Korea	5.2		2.4		0.5		8.1
Luxembourg	7.2		0.3		—		7.5
Italy	4.1		3.1		0.1		7.3
Singapore	2.2		1.3		1.4		4.9
Mexico	3.5		1.1		—		4.6
Saudi Arabia	3.4		0.9		—		4.3
Spain	3.3		0.8		—		4.1
Belgium	2.1		1.4		—		3.5


(a)	Lending includes loans and accrued interest receivable (net of collateral and the allowance for loan losses), deposits with banks, acceptances, other monetary assets, issued letters of credit net of participations, and unused commitments to extend credit. Excludes intra-day and operating exposures, such as from settlement and clearing activities.


(b)	Includes market-making inventory, AFS securities, counterparty exposure on derivative and securities financings net of collateral and hedging.


(c)	Includes single reference entity (“single-name”), index and tranched credit derivatives for which one or more of the underlying reference entities is in a country listed in the above table.


(d)	Includes capital invested in local entities and physical commodity inventory.



CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

Capital risk is the risk the Firm has an insufficient level and composition of capital to support the Firm’s business activities and associated risks during both normal economic environments and under stressed conditions. For a discussion on the Firm’s Capital Management see pages 149–158 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

A strong capital position is essential to the Firm’s business strategy and competitive position. Maintaining a strong balance sheet to manage through economic volatility is considered a strategic imperative by the Firm’s Board of Directors, CEO and Operating Committee. The Firm’s capital management strategy focuses on maintaining long-term stability to enable the Firm to build and invest in market-

leading businesses, even in a highly stressed environment. The Firm executes its capital management strategy through the establishment of minimum capital targets and a strong capital governance framework. The Firm’s minimum capital targets are set based on the most binding of three pillars: an internal assessment of the Firm’s capital needs; an estimation of required capital under the CCAR and Dodd Frank Act stress testing requirements; and current regulatory minimums. The capital governance framework includes regular monitoring of the Firm’s capital positions, stress testing and defining escalation protocols, both at the Firm and line of business level.

The following tables present the Firm’s Transitional and Fully Phased-In risk-based and leverage-based capital metrics under both the Basel III Standardized and Advanced Approaches. The Firm’s Basel III CET1 ratios exceed the regulatory minimum as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.



	Transitional								Fully Phased-In
June 30, 2016 (in millions, except ratios)	Standardized			Advanced			Minimum capital ratios^(b)		Standardized			Advanced			Minimum capital ratios^(c)
Risk-based capital metrics:
CET1 capital	$	179,593		$	179,593				$	178,916		$	178,916
Tier 1 capital	204,390			204,390					204,717			204,717
Total capital	238,999			227,865					236,940			225,806
Risk-weighted assets	1,469,430			1,497,509					1,477,165			1,505,708
CET1 capital ratio	12.2		%	12.0		%	6.25	%	12.1		%	11.9		%	10.5	%
Tier 1 capital ratio	13.9			13.6			7.75		13.9			13.6			12.0
Total capital ratio	16.3			15.2			9.75		16.0			15.0			14.0
Leverage-based capital metrics
Adjusted average assets	2,391,819			2,391,819					2,393,644			2,393,644
Tier 1 leverage ratio^(a)	8.5		%	8.5		%	4.0		8.6		%	8.6		%	4.0
SLR leverage exposure	NA			$	3,094,545				NA			$	3,096,370
SLR	NA			6.6		%	NA		NA			6.6		%	5.0		^(d)



	Transitional								Fully Phased-In
December 31, 2015 (in millions, except ratios)	Standardized			Advanced			Minimum capital ratios^(b)		Standardized			Advanced			Minimum capital ratios^(c)
Risk-based capital metrics:
CET1 capital	$	175,398		$	175,398				$	173,189		$	173,189
Tier 1 capital	200,482			200,482					199,047			199,047
Total capital	234,413			224,616					229,976			220,179
Risk-weighted assets	1,465,262			1,485,336					1,474,870			1,495,520
CET1 capital ratio	12.0		%	11.8		%	4.5	%	11.7		%	11.6		%	10.5	%
Tier 1 capital ratio	13.7			13.5			6.0		13.5			13.3			12.0
Total capital ratio	16.0			15.1			8.0		15.6			14.7			14.0
Leverage-based capital metrics
Adjusted average assets	2,358,471			2,358,471					2,360,499			2,360,499
Tier 1 leverage ratio^(a)	8.5		%	8.5		%	4.0		8.4		%	8.4		%	4.0
SLR leverage exposure	NA			$	3,079,797				NA			$	3,079,119
SLR	NA			6.5			NA		NA			6.5		%	5.0		^(d)

Note: As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the lower of the Standardized or Advanced capital ratios under each of the Transitional and Fully Phased-In approaches in the table above represents the Firm’s Collins Floor.


(a)	The Tier 1 leverage ratio is not a risk-based measure of capital. This ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 capital by adjusted average assets.

(b)

Represents the transitional minimum capital ratios applicable to the Firm under Basel III as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. At June 30, 2016, the CET1 minimum capital ratio includes 0.625% resulting from the phase in of the Firm’s 2.5% capital conservation buffer and 1.125%, resulting from the phase in of the Firm’s estimated 4.5% globally systematically important banks (“GSIB”) surcharge, as of December 31, 2014, published by the Federal Reserve on July 20, 2015.

(c)

Represents the minimum capital ratios applicable to the Firm on a fully phased-in Basel III basis. At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the ratios include the Firm’s estimate of its Fully Phased-In U.S. GSIB surcharge of 3.5%, based on the final U.S. GSIB rule published by the Federal Reserve on July 20, 2015. The minimum capital ratios will be fully phased-in effective January 1, 2019. For additional information on the GSIB surcharge, see page 65.


(d)	In the case of the SLR, the fully phased-in minimum ratio is effective beginning January 1, 2018.

Basel III overview

Basel III capital rules, for large and internationally active U.S. bank holding companies and banks, including the Firm and its insured depository institution (“IDI”) subsidiaries, revised, among other things, the definition of capital and introduced a new CET1 capital requirement. Basel III presents two comprehensive methodologies for calculating risk weighted assets (“RWA”). A general (Standardized) approach (“Basel III Standardized”), and an advanced approach (“Basel III Advanced”); and sets out minimum capital ratios and overall capital adequacy standards. Certain of the requirements of Basel III are subject to phase-in periods that began on January 1, 2014 and continue through the end of 2018 (“transitional period”).

The capital adequacy of the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries is evaluated against the Basel III approach (Standardized or Advanced) which results in the lower ratio (the “Collins Floor”), as required by the Collins Amendment of the Dodd-Frank Act.

Basel III establishes capital requirements for calculating credit risk and market risk RWA, and in the case of Basel III Advanced, operational risk RWA. Key differences in the calculation of credit risk RWA between the Standardized and Advanced approaches are that for Basel III Advanced, credit risk RWA is based on risk-sensitive approaches which largely rely on the use of internal credit models and parameters, whereas for Basel III Standardized, credit risk RWA is generally based on supervisory risk-weightings which vary primarily by counterparty type and asset class. Market risk RWA is calculated on a generally consistent basis between Basel III Standardized and Basel III Advanced. In addition to the RWA calculated under these methodologies, the Firm may supplement such amounts to incorporate management judgment and feedback from its bank regulators.

Basel III also includes a requirement for Advanced Approach banking organizations, including the Firm, to calculate SLR. For additional information on SLR, see

page 67.

Basel III Fully Phased-In

Basel III capital rules will become fully phased-in on January 1, 2019, at which point the Firm will continue to calculate its capital ratios under both the Basel III Standardized and Advanced Approaches. While the Firm has imposed Basel III Standardized Fully Phased-In RWA limits on its lines of business, the Firm continues to manage each of the businesses (including line of business equity allocations), as well as the corporate functions, primarily on a Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In basis.

For additional information on the Firm’s capital, RWA and capital ratios that are presented under Basel III Standardized and Advanced Fully Phased-In rules and the Firm’s and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s and Chase Bank USA, N.A.’s SLRs calculated under the Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In rules, which are considered key regulatory capital measures, see Explanation and Reconciliation of the Firm’s Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures and Key Performance Measures on pages 16–17.

The Firm’s estimates of its Basel III Standardized and Advanced Fully Phased-In capital, RWA and capital ratios and of the Firm’s, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s, and Chase Bank USA, N.A.’s SLRs reflect management’s current understanding of the U.S. Basel III rules based on the current published rules and on the application of such rules to the Firm’s businesses as currently conducted. The actual impact on the Firm’s capital ratios and SLR as of the effective date of the rules may differ from the Firm’s current estimates depending on changes the Firm may make to its businesses in the future, further implementation guidance from the regulators, and regulatory approval of certain of the Firm’s internal risk models (or, alternatively, regulatory disapproval of the Firm’s internal risk models that have previously been conditionally approved).

Risk-based capital regulatory minimums

The Basel III rules include minimum capital ratio requirements that are subject to phase-in periods through the end of 2018. The capital adequacy of the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries, both during the transitional period and upon full phase-in, is evaluated against the Basel III approach (Standardized or Advanced) which results, for each quarter, in the lower ratio, the Collins Floor.

Certain banking organizations, including the Firm, will be required to hold additional amounts of capital to serve as a “capital conservation buffer.” The capital conservation buffer is intended to be used to absorb potential losses in times of financial or economic stress. If not maintained, the Firm could be limited in the amount of capital that may be distributed, including dividends and common equity repurchases. The capital conservation buffer is to be phased-in over time, beginning January 1, 2016 through January 1, 2019.

Further, the Firm will be required to hold additional levels of capital in the form of a GSIB surcharge and as an expansion of the capital conservation buffer, any countercyclical capital buffer requirement that may be imposed.

On July 20, 2015, the Federal Reserve issued a final rule requiring GSIBs to calculate their GSIB surcharge, on an annual basis, under two separately prescribed methods, and to be subject to the higher of the two. The first method (“Method 1”) reflects the GSIB surcharge as prescribed by Basel rules, and is calculated across five criteria: size, cross-jurisdictional activity, interconnectedness, complexity and substitutability. The second method (“Method 2”) modifies the requirements to include a measure of short-term wholesale funding in place of substitutability, and introduces a GSIB score “multiplication factor.”

On July 20, 2015, the date of the last published estimate, the Federal Reserve had estimated the Firm’s GSIB surcharge to be 2.5% under Method 1 and 4.5% under Method 2 as of December 31, 2014. Accordingly, the Firm’s minimum capital ratios applicable in 2016 include 1.125%, resulting from the phase-in of the 4.5% GSIB surcharge estimated at the date. Based upon data as of December 31, 2015, the Firm estimates its fully phased-in GSIB surcharge would be 2.5% of CET1 capital under Method 1 and 3.5% under Method 2. The reduction in the estimated GSIB surcharge to 3.5% is expected to be phased into the Firm’s minimum CET1 capital ratio commencing January 1, 2017.

The countercyclical capital buffer takes into account the macro financial environment in which large, internationally active banks function. As of December 31, 2015 the Federal Reserve reaffirmed setting the U.S. countercyclical capital buffer at 0%, and stated that it will review the amount at least annually. The countercyclical capital buffer can be increased if the Federal Reserve, FDIC and OCC determine that credit growth in the economy has become excessive and can be set at up to an additional 2.5% of RWA subject to a 12 month implementation period.

Based on the Firm’s most recent estimate of its GSIB surcharge and the current countercyclical buffer being set at 0%, the Firm estimates its fully phased-in CET1capital requirement would be 10.5% (reflecting the 4.5% CET1 capital requirement, the fully phased in 2.5% capital conservation buffer and the GSIB surcharge of 3.5%).

As well as meeting the capital ratio requirements of Basel III, the Firm must, in order to be “well-capitalized”, maintain a minimum 6% Tier 1 and 10% Total capital requirement. Each of the Firm’s IDI subsidiaries must maintain a minimum 5% Tier 1 leverage, 6.5% CET1, 8% Tier 1 and 10% Total capital requirement to meet the definition of “well-capitalized” under the Prompt Correction Action (“PCA”) requirements of the FDIC Improvement Act for IDI subsidiaries. The PCA standards for IDI subsidiaries were effective January 1, 2015.

Capital

A reconciliation of total stockholders’ equity to Basel III Fully Phased-In CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital and Basel III Advanced and Standardized Fully Phased-In Total capital is presented in the table below.

For additional information on the components of regulatory capital, see Note 20.



Capital components
(in millions)	June 30, 2016
Total stockholders’ equity	$	252,423
Less: Preferred stock	26,068
Common stockholders’ equity	226,355
Less:
Goodwill	47,303
Other intangible assets	917
Add:
Deferred tax liabilities^(a)	3,220
Less: Other CET1 capital adjustments	2,439
Standardized/Advanced CET1 capital	178,916
Preferred stock	26,068
Less:
Other Tier 1 adjustments^(b)	267
Standardized/Advanced Tier 1 capital	$	204,717
Long-term debt and other instruments qualifying as Tier 2 capital	$	17,088
Qualifying allowance for credit losses	15,187
Other	(52		)
Standardized Fully Phased-In Tier 2 capital	$	32,223
Standardized Fully Phased-in Total capital	$	236,940
Adjustment in qualifying allowance for credit losses for Advanced Tier 2 capital	(11,134		)
Advanced Fully Phased-In Tier 2 capital	$	21,089
Advanced Fully Phased-In Total capital	$	225,806


(a)	Represents deferred tax liabilities related to tax-deductible goodwill and to identifiable intangibles created in nontaxable transactions, which are netted against goodwill and other intangibles when calculating TCE.


(b)	Includes the deduction associated with the permissible holdings of covered funds (as defined by the Volcker Rule) acquired after December 31, 2013. The deduction was not material as of June 30, 2016.

The following table presents a reconciliation of the Firm’s Basel III Transitional CET1 capital to the Firm’s estimated Basel III Fully Phased-In CET1 capital as of June 30, 2016.



(in millions)	June 30, 2016
Transitional CET1 capital	$	179,593
AOCI phase-in^(a)	823
CET1 capital deduction phase-in^(b)	(1,117		)
Intangibles deduction phase-in^(c)	(329		)
Other adjustments to CET1 capital^(d)	(54		)
Fully Phased-In CET1 capital	$	178,916


(a)	Includes the remaining balance of AOCI related to AFS debt securities and defined benefit pension and other postretirement employee benefit (“OPEB”) plans that will qualify as Basel III CET1 capital upon full phase-in.


(b)	Predominantly includes regulatory adjustments related to changes in DVA, as well as CET1 deductions for defined benefit pension plan assets and deferred tax assets related to net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards.


(c)	Relates to intangible assets, other than goodwill and MSRs, that are required to be deducted from CET1 capital upon full phase-in.


(d)	Includes minority interest and the Firm’s investments in its own CET1 capital instruments.

Capital rollforward

The following table presents the changes in Basel III Fully Phased-In CET1 capital, Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital for the six months ended June 30, 2016.



Six months ended June 30, (in millions)	2016
Standardized/Advanced CET1 capital at December 31, 2015	$	173,189
Net income applicable to common equity	10,897
Dividends declared on common stock	(3,414		)
Net purchase of treasury stock	(3,379		)
Changes in additional paid-in capital	(526		)
Changes related to AOCI^(a)	1,557
Adjustment related to DVA^(a)	491
Other	101
Increase in Standardized/Advanced CET1 capital	5,727
Standardized/Advanced CET1 capital at June 30, 2016	$	178,916

Standardized/Advanced Tier 1 capital at December 31, 2015	$	199,047
Change in CET1 capital	5,727
Net issuance of noncumulative perpetual preferred stock	—
Other	(57		)
Increase in Standardized/Advanced Tier 1 capital	5,670
Standardized/Advanced Tier 1 capital at June 30, 2016	$	204,717

Standardized Tier 2 capital at December 31, 2015	$	30,929
Change in long-term debt and other instruments qualifying as Tier 2	409
Change in qualifying allowance for credit losses	846
Other	39
Increase in Standardized Tier 2 capital	1,294
Standardized Tier 2 capital at June 30, 2016	$	32,223
Standardized Total capital at June 30, 2016	$	236,940
Advanced Tier 2 capital at December 31, 2015	$	21,132
Change in long-term debt and other instruments qualifying as Tier 2	409
Change in qualifying allowance for credit losses	(489		)
Other	37
Increase in Advanced Tier 2 capital	(43		)
Advanced Tier 2 capital at June 30, 2016	$	21,089
Advanced Total capital at June 30, 2016	$	225,806


(a)	Effective January 1, 2016, the adjustment reflects the impact of the adoption of DVA through OCI. For further discussion of the accounting change refer to Note 19.

RWA rollforward

The following table presents changes in the components of RWA under Basel III Standardized and Advanced Fully Phased-In for the six months ended June 30, 2016. The amounts in the rollforward categories are estimates, based on the predominant driver of the change.



	Standardized									Advanced
Six months ended June 30, 2016 (in billions)	Credit risk RWA			Market risk RWA			Total RWA			Credit risk RWA			Market risk RWA			Operational risk RWA		Total RWA
At December 31, 2015	$	1,333		$	142		$	1,475		$	954		$	142		$	400	$	1,496
Model & data changes^(a)	4			(13		)	(9		)	4			(13		)	—		(9		)
Portfolio runoff^(b)	(8		)	(2		)	(10		)	(8		)	(2		)	—		(10		)
Movement in portfolio levels^(c)	18			3			21			27			2			—		29
Changes in RWA	14			(12		)	2			23			(13		)	—		10
June 30, 2016	$	1,347		$	130		$	1,477		$	977		$	129		$	400	$	1,506


(a)	Model & data changes refer to movements in levels of RWA as a result of revised methodologies and/or treatment per regulatory guidance (exclusive of rule changes).


(b)	Portfolio runoff for credit risk RWA primarily reflects reduced risk from position rolloffs in legacy portfolios in Mortgage Banking (under both the Standardized and Advanced framework); and for market risk RWA reflects reduced risk from position rolloffs in legacy portfolios in the wholesale businesses.


(c)	Movement in portfolio levels for credit risk RWA refers to changes in book size, composition, credit quality, and market movements; and for market risk RWA refers to changes in position and market movements.

Supplementary leverage ratio

For additional information on the SLR, see Capital Management on pages 149–158 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following table presents the components of the Firm’s Fully Phased-In SLR as of June 30, 2016.



(in millions, except ratio)	June 30, 2016
Tier 1 Capital	$	204,717
Total average assets	2,441,189
Less: amounts deducted from Tier 1 capital	47,545
Total adjusted average assets^(a)	2,393,644
Off-balance sheet exposures^(b)	702,726
SLR leverage exposure	$	3,096,370
SLR	6.6		%


(a)	Adjusted average assets, for purposes of calculating the SLR, includes total quarterly average assets adjusted for on-balance sheet assets that are subject to deduction from Tier 1 capital predominantly goodwill and other intangible assets.


(b)	Off-balance sheet exposures are calculated as the average of the three month-end spot balances in the reporting quarter.

As of June 30, 2016, the Firm estimates that JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s and Chase Bank USA, N.A.’s Fully Phased-In SLRs are approximately 6.6% and 8.8%, respectively.

Line of business equity

The Firm’s framework for allocating capital to its business segments (line of business equity) is based on the following objectives:


•	Integrate firmwide and line of business capital management activities;


•	Measure performance consistently across all lines of business; and


•	Provide comparability with peer firms for each of the lines of business

Each business segment is allocated capital by taking into consideration stand-alone peer comparisons, regulatory capital requirements (as estimated under Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In) and economic risk. Capital is also allocated to each line of business for, among other things, goodwill and other intangibles associated with acquisitions effected by the line of business. ROE is measured and internal targets for expected returns are established as key measures of a business segment’s performance.



Line of business common equity
(in billions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Consumer & Community Banking	$	51.0	$	51.0
Corporate & Investment Bank	64.0		62.0
Commercial Banking	16.0		14.0
Asset Management	9.0		9.0
Corporate	86.4		85.5
Total common stockholders’ equity	$	226.4	$	221.5

On at least an annual basis, the Firm assesses the level of capital required for each line of business as well as the assumptions and methodologies used to allocate capital. The line of business equity allocations are updated as refinements are implemented. The table below reflects the Firm’s assessed level of capital required for each line of business as of the dates indicated.



Line of business common equity	Quarterly average
(in billions)	2Q16		4Q15		2Q15
Consumer & Community Banking	$	51.0	$	51.0	$	51.0
Corporate & Investment Bank	64.0		62.0		62.0
Commercial Banking	16.0		14.0		14.0
Asset Management	9.0		9.0		9.0
Corporate	84.4		83.5		77.7
Total common stockholders’ equity	$	224.4	$	219.5	$	213.7

Planning and stress testing

CCAR

The Federal Reserve requires large bank holding companies, including the Firm, to submit a capital plan on an annual basis. Through the CCAR, the Federal Reserve evaluates each bank holding company’s (“BHC”) capital adequacy and internal capital adequacy assessment processes, as well as its plans to make capital distributions, such as dividend payments or stock repurchases.

On June 29, 2016, the Federal Reserve informed the Firm that it did not object, on either a quantitative or qualitative basis, to the Firm’s 2016 capital plan.

Capital actions

Dividends

The Firm’s common stock dividend policy reflects JPMorgan Chase’s earnings outlook, desired dividend payout ratio, capital objectives, and alternative investment opportunities. On May 17, 2016, the Firm announced that its Board of Directors had increased the quarterly common stock dividend to $0.48 per share, effective with the dividend paid on July 31, 2016. The Firm’s dividends will be subject to the Board of Directors’ approval at the customary times those dividends are to be declared.

Common equity

On March 17, 2016, the Firm announced that its Board of Directors had authorized the repurchase of up to an additional $1.9 billion of common equity (common stock and warrants) through June 30, 2016 under its equity repurchase program. This amount is in addition to the $6.4 billion of common equity that was previously authorized for repurchase between April 1, 2015 and June 30, 2016.

Following receipt of the Federal Reserve’s non-objection to the Firm’s 2016 capital plan the Firm’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $10.6 billion of common equity (common stock and warrants) between July 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017. This authorization includes shares repurchased to offset issuances under the Firm’s equity-based compensation plans.

The following table sets forth the Firm’s repurchases of common equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. There were no warrants repurchased during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Total shares of common stock repurchased	45.8		19.2		75.0		51.7
Aggregate common stock repurchases	$	2,840	$	1,249	$	4,536	$	3,149

There were 47.3 million warrants outstanding at June 30, 2016 compared with 47.4 million outstanding at December 31, 2015.

The Firm may, from time to time, enter into written trading plans under Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 to facilitate repurchases in accordance with the common equity repurchase program. A Rule 10b5-1 repurchase plan allows the Firm to repurchase its equity during periods when it would not otherwise be repurchasing common equity — for example, during internal trading blackout periods. All purchases under a Rule 10b5-1 plan must be made according to a predefined plan established when the Firm is not aware of material nonpublic information.

The authorization to repurchase common equity will be utilized at management’s discretion, and the timing of purchases and the exact amount of common equity that may be repurchased is subject to various factors, including market conditions; legal and regulatory considerations affecting the amount and timing of repurchase activity; the Firm’s capital position (taking into account goodwill and intangibles); internal capital generation; and alternative investment opportunities. The repurchase program does not include specific price targets or timetables; may be executed through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, or utilizing Rule 10b5-1 programs; and may be suspended at any time.

For additional information regarding repurchases of the Firm’s equity securities, see Part II, Item 5: Market for registrant’s common equity, related stockholder matters and issuer purchases of equity securities on page 20 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Form 10-K.

Preferred Stock

Preferred stock dividends declared were $411 million and $823 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016.

For additional information on the Firm’s preferred stock, see Note 22 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Other capital requirements

TLAC

In November 2015, the Financial Stability Board (“FSB”) finalized the Total Loss Absorbing Capacity (“TLAC”) standard for GSIBs, which establishes the criteria for TLAC eligible debt and capital instruments and defines the minimum requirements for amounts of loss absorbing and recapitalization capacity. This amount and type of debt and capital instruments is intended to effectively absorb losses, as necessary, upon the failure of a GSIB, without imposing such losses on taxpayers of the relevant jurisdiction or causing severe systemic disruptions, and thereby ensuring the continuity of the GSIB’s critical functions. The final standard will require GSIBs to meet a common minimum TLAC requirement beginning January 1, 2019.

On October 30, 2015, the Federal Reserve issued proposed rules that would require the top-tier holding companies of eight U.S. global systemically important bank holding companies, including the Firm, among other things, to maintain minimum levels of eligible TLAC and long-term debt satisfying certain eligibility criteria (“eligible LTD”) commencing January 1, 2019. These proposed TLAC rules would disqualify from eligible LTD, among other instruments, senior debt securities that permit acceleration for reasons other than insolvency or payment default, as well as structured notes and debt securities not governed by U.S. law. The Firm is awaiting the publication of the final rules to determine the full impact on the amount of eligible LTD the Firm will need to issue to be compliant.

For additional information on TLAC, see Capital Management on page 156 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Broker-dealer regulatory capital

JPMorgan Chase’s principal U.S. broker-dealer subsidiaries are JPMorgan Securities and J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp. (“JPMorgan Clearing”). JPMorgan Clearing is a subsidiary of JPMorgan Securities and provides clearing and settlement services. JPMorgan Securities and JPMorgan Clearing are each subject to Rule 15c3-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Net Capital Rule”). JPMorgan Securities and JPMorgan Clearing are also each registered as futures commission merchants and subject to Rule 1.17 of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”).

JPMorgan Securities and JPMorgan Clearing have elected to compute their minimum net capital requirements in accordance with the “Alternative Net Capital Requirements” of the Net Capital Rule. At June 30, 2016, JPMorgan Securities’ net capital, as defined by the Net Capital Rule, was $13.6 billion, exceeding the minimum requirement by $11.0 billion, and JPMorgan Clearing’s net capital was $7.2 billion, exceeding the minimum requirement by $5.6 billion.

In addition to its minimum net capital requirement, JPMorgan Securities is required to hold tentative net capital in excess of $1.0 billion and is also required to notify the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) in the event that tentative net capital is less than $5.0 billion, in accordance with the market and credit risk standards of Appendix E of the Net Capital Rule. As of June 30, 2016, JPMorgan Securities had tentative net capital in excess of the minimum and notification requirements.

J.P. Morgan Securities plc is a wholly-owned subsidiary of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and is the Firm’s principal operating subsidiary in the U.K. It has authority to engage in banking, investment banking and broker-dealer activities. J.P. Morgan Securities plc is jointly regulated by the U.K. Prudential Regulation Authority (“PRA”) and Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”). J.P. Morgan Securities plc is subject to the European Union Capital Requirements Regulation and U.K. PRA capital rules, which implement Basel III.

At June 30, 2016, J.P. Morgan Securities plc had estimated total capital of $34.4 billion; its estimated CET1 capital ratio was 14.2% and its estimated Total capital ratio was 18.0%. Both capital ratios exceeded the minimum standards of 4.5% and 8.0%, respectively, under the transitional requirements of the European Union’s Basel III Capital Requirements Directive and Regulation, as well as the additional capital requirements specified by the PRA.



LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Firm will be unable to meet its contractual and contingent obligations or that it does not have the appropriate amount, composition and tenor of funding and liquidity to support its assets. The following discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s Liquidity Risk Management should be read in conjunction with pages 159–164 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

LCR and NSFR

The U.S. LCR rule requires the Firm to measure the amount of HQLA held by the Firm in relation to estimated net cash outflows within a 30-day period during an acute stress event. The LCR was required to be 90% at January 1, 2016, increasing to a minimum of 100% on January 1, 2017 onward. At June 30, 2016, the Firm was compliant with the fully phased-in U.S. LCR.

The Basel Committee final standard for the net stable funding ratio (“Basel NSFR”) is intended to measure the “available” amount of stable funding over a one-year horizon. Basel NSFR will become a minimum standard by January 1, 2018 and requires that this ratio be equal to at least 100% on an ongoing basis.

On April 26, 2016, the U.S. NSFR proposal was released for large banks and bank holding companies and was largely consistent with Basel NSFR. The proposed requirement would apply beginning on January 1, 2018, consistent with the Basel NSFR timeline.

The Firm estimates it was compliant with the proposed U.S. NSFR based on data as of March 31, 2016, and on its current understanding of the proposed rule.

HQLA

HQLA is the amount of assets that qualify for inclusion in the U.S. LCR. HQLA primarily consists of cash and certain unencumbered high quality liquid assets as defined in the final rule.

On April 1, 2016, the Federal Reserve published a final rule permitting investment-grade, U.S. general obligation state and municipal securities that meet certain criteria to be included in HQLA for purposes of the U.S. LCR, subject to certain limits. The final rule became effective beginning July 1, 2016, and did not have a material effect on the Firm’s HQLA or LCR.

As of June 30, 2016, the Firm’s HQLA was $516 billion, compared with $496 billion as of December 31, 2015. The increase in HQLA primarily reflects deposit growth in excess of loan growth. HQLA may fluctuate from period to period primarily due to normal flows from client activity.

The following table presents HQLA included in the LCR, broken out by HQLA-eligible cash and securities as of June 30, 2016.



(in billions)	June 30, 2016
HQLA
Eligible cash^(a)	$	303
Eligible securities^(b)	213
Total HQLA	$	516


(a)	Cash on deposit at central banks.


(b)	Predominantly includes U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities, U.S. Treasuries, and sovereign bonds net of applicable haircuts under U.S. LCR rules.

In addition to HQLA, as of June 30, 2016, the Firm has approximately $234 billion of unencumbered marketable securities, such as equity securities and fixed income debt securities, available to raise liquidity, if required. Furthermore, the Firm maintains borrowing capacity at various Federal Home Loan Banks (“FHLBs”), the Federal Reserve Bank discount window and various other central banks as a result of collateral pledged by the Firm to such banks. Although available, the Firm does not view the borrowing capacity at the Federal Reserve Bank discount window and the various other central banks as a primary source of liquidity. As of June 30, 2016, the Firm’s remaining borrowing capacity at various FHLBs and the Federal Reserve Bank discount window was approximately $196 billion. This remaining borrowing capacity excludes the benefit of securities included above in HQLA or other unencumbered securities currently held at the Federal Reserve Bank discount window for which the Firm has not drawn liquidity.

Funding

Sources of funds

Management believes that the Firm’s unsecured and secured funding capacity is sufficient to meet its on- and off-balance sheet obligations.

The Firm funds its global balance sheet through diverse sources of funding including a stable deposit franchise as well as secured and unsecured funding in the capital markets. The Firm’s loan portfolio ($872.8 billion at June 30, 2016), is funded with a portion of the Firm’s deposits ($1,331.0 billion at June 30, 2016), and through securitizations and, with respect to a portion of the Firm’s real estate-related loans, with secured borrowings from the FHLBs. Deposits in excess of the amount utilized to fund loans are primarily invested in the Firm’s investment securities portfolio or deployed in cash or

other short-term liquid investments based on their interest rate and liquidity risk characteristics. Securities borrowed or purchased under resale agreements and trading assets- debt and equity instruments are primarily funded by the Firm’s securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase, trading liabilities–debt and equity instruments, and a portion of the Firm’s long-term debt and stockholders’ equity. In addition to funding securities borrowed or purchased under resale agreements and trading assets-debt and equity instruments, proceeds from the Firm’s debt and equity issuances are used to fund certain loans and other financial and non-financial assets, or may be invested in the Firm’s investment securities portfolio. See the discussion below for additional information relating to Deposits, Short-term funding, and Long-term funding and issuance.

Deposits

The table below summarizes, by line of business, the deposit balances as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, and the average deposit balances for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.



	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015		Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
Deposits					Average				Average
(in millions)					2016		2015		2016		2015
Consumer & Community Banking	$	586,074	$	557,645	$	583,115	$	529,448	$	572,699	$	520,850
Corporate & Investment Bank	418,416		395,228		407,084		412,859		399,853		429,154
Commercial Banking	171,944		172,470		169,090		186,078		170,105		191,711
Asset Management	148,967		146,766		151,214		152,563		150,915		155,386
Corporate	5,557		7,606		5,463		18,197		6,046		20,625
Total Firm	$	1,330,958	$	1,279,715	$	1,315,966	$	1,299,145	$	1,299,618	$	1,317,726

A key strength of the Firm is its diversified deposit franchise, through each of its lines of business, which

provides a stable source of funding and limits reliance on the wholesale funding markets. A significant portion of the Firm’s deposits are consumer deposits which are considered a stable source of liquidity. Additionally, the majority of the Firm’s wholesale operating deposits are also considered to be relatively stable sources of liquidity because they are generated from customers that maintain operating service relationships with the Firm.

As of June 30, 2016, the Firm’s loans-to-deposits ratio was 66%, compared with 65% at December 31, 2015.

Total deposits for the Firm were $1,331.0 billion as of June 30, 2016, compared with $1,279.7 billion at December 31, 2015 (60% and 61% of total liabilities at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively). The increase was attributable to higher consumer and wholesale deposits. The increase in consumer deposits was due to continued growth from new and existing customers, as well as the impact of low attrition rates. The increase in wholesale deposits was mainly driven by growth in client activity in CIB’s Treasury Services business.

The Firm has typically experienced higher customer deposit inflows at quarter-ends. Therefore, the Firm believes average deposit balances are generally more representative of deposit trends. The increase in the average deposits for the three months ended June 30, 2016, compared with the three months ended June 30, 2015, was driven by an increase in consumer deposits, largely offset by a decrease in wholesale deposits reflecting the Firm’s actions in 2015 to reduce non-operating deposits. The decrease in the average deposits for the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared with the six months ended June 30, 2015, was driven by a decrease in wholesale deposits reflecting the Firm’s actions in 2015 to reduce non-operating deposits, predominantly offset by an increase in consumer deposits. For further discussions of deposit and liability balance trends, see the discussion of the Firm’s Business Segment Results and the Consolidated Balance Sheets Analysis on pages 18–39 and pages 12–13, respectively.

The following table summarizes short-term and long-term funding, excluding deposits, as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, and average balances for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. For additional information, see the Consolidated Balance Sheets Analysis on pages 12–13 and Note 12.



	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015		Three months ended June 30,					Six months ended June 30,
Sources of funds (excluding deposits)					Average					Average
(in millions)					2016		2015			2016		2015
Commercial paper:
Wholesale funding	$	17,279	$	15,562	$	17,462	$	18,144		$	17,499	$	19,923
Client cash management	—		—		—		30,876		^(g)	—		34,563
Total commercial paper	$	17,279	$	15,562	$	17,462	$	49,020		$	17,499	$	54,486

Obligations of Firm-administered multi-seller conduits^(a)	$	5,357	$	8,724	$	5,327	$	11,943		$	5,914	$	11,709
Other borrowed funds	$	19,945	$	21,105	$	20,107	$	31,673		$	20,169	$	31,559

Securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	$	151,111	$	129,598	$	158,142	$	174,724		$	154,330	$	174,404
Securities loaned	11,943		18,174		15,132		20,616			15,741		21,601
Total securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase^(b)(c)	$	163,054	$	147,772	$	173,274	$	195,340		$	170,071	$	196,005

Senior notes	$	156,734	$	149,964	$	152,246	$	145,708		$	150,657	$	145,345
Trust preferred securities	3,966		3,969		3,969		3,997			3,970		4,719
Subordinated debt	23,770		25,027		25,176		27,316			25,271		28,257
Structured notes	36,087		32,813		35,602		31,057			34,576		30,738
Total long-term unsecured funding	$	220,557	$	211,773	$	216,993	$	208,078		$	214,474	$	209,059

Credit card securitization^(a)	$	28,955	$	27,906	$	27,014	$	31,976		$	27,356	$	31,272
Other securitizations^(d)	1,641		1,760		1,700		1,941			1,729		1,974
FHLB advances	69,526		71,581		69,528		69,830			70,384		67,163
Other long-term secured funding^(e)	5,544		5,297		5,205		4,354			5,085		4,339
Total long-term secured funding	$	105,666	$	106,544	$	103,447	$	108,101		$	104,554	$	104,748

Preferred stock^(f)	$	26,068	$	26,068	$	26,068	$	23,476		$	26,068	$	22,158
Common stockholders’ equity^(f)	$	226,355	$	221,505	$	224,429	$	213,738		$	222,995	$	213,049


(a)	Included in beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities on the Firm’s Consolidated balance sheets.


(b)	Excludes federal funds purchased.


(c)	Excluded long-term structured repurchase agreements of $1.8 billion and $4.2 billion as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, and average balances of $2.7 billion and $3.7 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $3.1 billion and $3.3 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(d)	Other securitizations include securitizations of student loans. The Firm’s wholesale businesses also securitize loans for client-driven transactions, which are not considered to be a source of funding for the Firm and are not included in the table.


(e)	Includes long-term structured notes which are secured.


(f)	For additional information on preferred stock and common stockholders’ equity see Capital Management on pages 63–69 and the Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity on page 84; and Note 22 and Note 23 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.


(g)	During the third quarter of 2015 the Firm completed the discontinuation of its commercial paper customer sweep cash management program.

Short-term funding

The Firm’s sources of short-term secured funding primarily consist of securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase. Securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase are secured predominantly by high-quality securities collateral, including government-issued debt and agency MBS, and constitute a significant portion of the federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements on the Consolidated balance sheets. The increase at June 30, 2016, from December 31, 2015, was due to higher secured financing of investment securities in the Chief Investment Office (“CIO”), and higher client-driven market-making activities in CIB. The decrease in the average balance of securities loaned or sold under

agreements to repurchase for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, compared with June 30, 2015, was largely due to lower secured financing of trading assets-debt and equity instruments in the CIB related to client-driven market-making activities. The balances associated with securities loaned or sold under agreements to repurchase fluctuate over time due to customers’ investment and financing activities; the Firm’s demand for financing; the ongoing management of the mix of the Firm’s liabilities, including its secured and unsecured financing (for both the investment securities and market-making portfolios); and other market and portfolio factors.

Long-term funding and issuance

Long-term funding provides additional sources of stable funding and liquidity for the Firm. The Firm’s long-term funding plan is driven by expected client activity, liquidity considerations, and regulatory requirements. Long-term funding objectives include maintaining diversification, maximizing market access and optimizing funding costs, as well as maintaining a certain level of liquidity at JPMorgan Chase & Co. (the “Parent Company”). The Firm evaluates various funding markets, tenors and currencies in creating its optimal long-term funding plan.

The significant majority of the Firm’s long-term unsecured funding is issued by the Parent Company to provide maximum flexibility in support of both bank and nonbank subsidiary funding. The following table summarizes long-term unsecured issuance and maturities or redemptions for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. For additional information, see Note 21 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



Long-term unsecured funding	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Issuance
Senior notes issued in the U.S. market	$	5,968	$	3,734	$	13,187	$	13,586
Senior notes issued in non-U.S. markets	4,891		3,059		4,891		7,284
Total senior notes	10,859		6,793		18,078		20,870
Subordinated debt	—		1,722		—		1,722
Structured notes	5,278		5,696		13,611		12,609
Total long-term unsecured funding – issuance	$	16,137	$	14,211	$	31,689	$	35,201

Maturities/redemptions
Senior notes	$	6,499	$	3,524	$	16,310	$	12,719
Trust preferred securities	—		1,500		—		1,500
Subordinated debt	2,000		2,226		2,002		3,032
Structured notes	4,437		4,504		8,541		10,324
Total long-term unsecured funding – maturities/redemptions	$	12,936	$	11,754	$	26,853	$	27,575

The Firm raises secured long-term funding primarily through securitization of consumer credit card loans and advances from the FHLBs. The following table summarizes the securitization issuance and FHLB advances and their respective maturities or redemptions for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.



	Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
Long-term secured funding	Issuance				Maturities/Redemptions				Issuance				Maturities/Redemptions
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015		2016		2015		2016		2015
Credit card securitization	$	3,814	$	3,650	$	2,350	$	3,785	$	3,814	$	6,126	$	2,775	$	6,130
Other securitizations^(a)	—		—		61		63		—		—		119		128
FHLB advances	—		7,850		3		2,002		—		12,550		2,054		5,003
Other long-term secured funding^(b)	236		139		46		91		326		263		89		209
Total long-term secured funding	$	4,050	$	11,639	$	2,460	$	5,941	$	4,140	$	18,939	$	5,037	$	11,470


(a)	Other securitizations includes securitizations of student loans.


(b)	Includes long-term structured notes which are secured.

The Firm’s wholesale businesses also securitize loans for client-driven transactions; those client-driven loan securitizations are not considered to be a source of funding for the Firm and are not included in the table above. For further description of the client-driven loan securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Credit ratings

The cost and availability of financing are influenced by credit ratings. Reductions in these ratings could have an adverse effect on the Firm’s access to liquidity sources, increase the cost of funds, trigger additional collateral or funding requirements and decrease the number of investors and counterparties willing to lend to the Firm.

Additionally, the Firm’s funding requirements for VIEs and other third party commitments may be adversely affected by a decline in credit ratings. For additional information on the impact of a credit ratings downgrade on the funding requirements for VIEs, and on derivatives and collateral agreements, see Special-purpose entities on page 14, and credit risk, liquidity risk and credit-related contingent features in Note 5.

The credit ratings of the Parent Company and the Firm’s principal bank and nonbank subsidiaries as of June 30, 2016, were as follows.



	JPMorgan Chase & Co.			JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. Chase Bank USA, N.A.			J.P. Morgan Securities LLC
June 30, 2016	Long-term issuer	Short-term issuer	Outlook	Long-term issuer	Short-term issuer	Outlook	Long-term issuer	Short-term issuer	Outlook
Moody’s	A3	P-2	Stable	Aa3	P-1	Stable	Aa3	P-1	Stable
Standard & Poor’s	A-	A-2	Stable	A+	A-1	Stable	A+	A-1	Stable
Fitch Ratings	A+	F1	Stable	AA-	F1+	Stable	AA-	F1+	Stable

Downgrades of the Firm’s long-term ratings by one or two notches could result in an increase in its cost of funds, and access to certain funding markets could be reduced as noted above. The nature and magnitude of the impact of ratings downgrades depends on numerous contractual and behavioral factors (which the Firm believes are incorporated in its liquidity risk and stress testing metrics). The Firm believes that it maintains sufficient liquidity to withstand a potential decrease in funding capacity due to ratings downgrades.

JPMorgan Chase’s unsecured debt does not contain requirements that would call for an acceleration of payments, maturities or changes in the structure of the existing debt, provide any limitations on future borrowings or require additional collateral, based on unfavorable changes in the Firm’s credit ratings, financial ratios, earnings, or stock price.

Critical factors in maintaining high credit ratings include a stable and diverse earnings stream, strong capital ratios, strong credit quality and risk management controls, diverse funding sources, and disciplined liquidity monitoring procedures. Rating agencies continue to evaluate economic and geopolitical trends, regulatory developments, future profitability, risk management practices, and litigation matters, as well as their broader ratings methodologies. Changes in any of these factors could lead to changes in the Firm’s credit ratings.

Although the Firm closely monitors and endeavors to manage, to the extent it is able, factors influencing its credit ratings, there is no assurance that its credit ratings will not be changed in the future.



SUPERVISION AND REGULATION

For further information on Supervision and Regulation, see the Supervision and regulation section on pages 1–8 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Form 10-K.

For more information about the applicable requirements relating to risk-based capital and leverage in the U.S. under Basel III, see Capital Management on pages 63–69 and

Note 20.

Under Basel III, bank holding companies and banks are required to measure their liquidity against two specific liquidity tests: the LCR and the NSFR. For additional information on these ratios, see Liquidity Risk Management on pages 70–74.

For additional information on the Firm’s CCAR, see Capital Management on pages 63–69.

For further information on the current and potential impact of the Basel III framework, including GSIB requirements, and TLAC, see Capital Management on pages 63–69.

For information on the net capital of J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp., and the applicable requirements relating to risk-based capital for J.P. Morgan Securities plc, see Capital Management on pages 63–69.

Dividends

At June 30, 2016, JPMorgan Chase estimated that its banking subsidiaries could pay, in the aggregate, approximately $29 billion in dividends to their respective bank holding companies without the prior approval of their relevant banking regulators.



CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES USED BY THE FIRM

JPMorgan Chase’s accounting policies and use of estimates are integral to understanding its reported results. The Firm’s most complex accounting estimates require management’s judgment to ascertain the appropriate carrying value of assets and liabilities. The Firm has established policies and control procedures intended to ensure that estimation methods, including any judgments made as part of such methods, are well-controlled, independently reviewed and applied consistently from period to period. The methods used and judgments made reflect, among other factors, the nature of the assets or liabilities and the related business and risk management strategies, which may vary across the Firm’s businesses and portfolios. In addition, the policies and procedures are intended to ensure that the process for changing methodologies occurs in an appropriate manner. The Firm believes its estimates for determining the carrying value of its assets and liabilities are appropriate. The following is a brief description of the Firm’s critical accounting estimates involving significant judgments.

Allowance for credit losses

JPMorgan Chase’s allowance for credit losses covers the retained consumer and wholesale loan portfolios, as well as the Firm’s wholesale and certain consumer lending-related commitments. The allowance for loan losses is intended to adjust the carrying value of the Firm’s loan assets to reflect probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Similarly, the allowance for lending-related commitments is established to cover probable credit losses inherent in the lending-related commitments portfolio as of the balance sheet date. For further discussion of the methodologies used in establishing the Firm’s allowance for credit losses and the significant judgments involved, see Allowance for credit losses on pages 130–132, 165–167 and Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report; for amounts recorded as of June 30, 2016 and 2015, see Allowance for credit losses on pages 55–57 and Note 14 of this Form 10-Q.

As noted in the discussion on pages 165–167 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report, the Firm’s allowance for credit losses is sensitive to numerous factors, which may differ depending on the portfolio. Changes in economic conditions or in the Firm’s assumptions and estimates could affect its estimate of probable credit losses inherent in the portfolio at the balance sheet date. The Firm uses its best judgment to assess these economic conditions and loss data in estimating the allowance for credit losses and these estimates are subject to periodic refinement based on any changes to underlying external and Firm-specific historical data. In many cases, the use of alternate estimates (for example, the effect of home prices and unemployment rates on consumer delinquency, or the calibration between the Firm’s wholesale loan risk ratings and external credit ratings) or data sources (for example, external probability of default (“PD”) and loss given default (“LGD”) factors that incorporate industry-wide information, versus Firm-specific history) would result in a different estimated allowance for credit losses. To illustrate the potential magnitude of

certain alternate judgments, the Firm estimates that changes in the following inputs would have the following effects on the Firm’s modeled credit loss estimates as of June 30, 2016, without consideration of any offsetting or correlated effects of other inputs in the Firm’s allowance for loan losses:


•	For PCI loans, a combined 5% decline in housing prices and a 1% increase in unemployment rates from current levels could imply an increase to modeled credit loss estimates of approximately $600 million.


•	For the residential real estate portfolio, excluding PCI loans, a combined 5% decline in housing prices and a 1% increase in unemployment rates from current levels could imply an increase to modeled annual loss estimates of approximately $150 million.


•	A 50 basis point deterioration in forecasted credit card loss rates could imply an increase to modeled annualized credit card loan loss estimates of approximately $675 million.


•	An increase in PD factors consistent with a one-notch downgrade in the Firm’s internal risk ratings for its entire wholesale loan portfolio could imply an increase in the Firm’s modeled credit loss estimates of approximately $1.9 billion.


•	A 100 basis point increase in estimated LGD for the Firm’s entire wholesale loan portfolio could imply an increase in the Firm’s modeled credit loss estimates of approximately $175 million.

The purpose of these sensitivity analyses is to provide an indication of the isolated impacts of hypothetical alternative assumptions on modeled loss estimates. The changes in the inputs presented above are not intended to imply management’s expectation of future deterioration of those risk factors. In addition, these analyses are not intended to estimate changes in the overall allowance for loan losses, which would also be influenced by the judgment management applies to the modeled loss estimates to reflect the uncertainty and imprecision of these modeled loss estimates based on then-current circumstances and conditions.

It is difficult to estimate how potential changes in specific factors might affect the overall allowance for credit losses because management considers a variety of factors and inputs in estimating the allowance for credit losses. Changes in these factors and inputs may not occur at the same rate and may not be consistent across all geographies or product types, and changes in factors may be directionally inconsistent, such that improvement in one factor may offset deterioration in other factors. In addition, it is difficult to predict how changes in specific economic conditions or assumptions could affect borrower behavior or other factors considered by management in estimating the allowance for credit losses. Given the process the Firm follows and the judgments made in evaluating the risk factors related to its loss estimates, management believes that its current estimate of the allowance for credit losses is appropriate.

Fair value of financial instruments, MSRs and commodities inventory

Assets measured at fair value

The following table includes the Firm’s assets measured at fair value and the portion of such assets that are classified within level 3 of the valuation hierarchy. For further information, see Note 3.



June 30, 2016 (in billions, except ratio data)	Total assets at fair value		Total level 3 assets
Trading debt and equity instruments	$	302.3	$	9.7
Derivative receivables^(a)	78.4		7.3
Trading assets	380.7		17.0
AFS securities	224.8		0.8
Loans	1.9		0.8
MSRs	5.1		5.1
Private equity investments^(b)	1.7		1.7
Other	28.0		0.7
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	642.2		26.1
Total assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis	0.8		0.5
Total assets measured at fair value	$	643.0	$	26.6
Total Firm assets	$	2,466.1
Level 3 assets as a percentage of total Firm assets^(a)			1.1		%
Level 3 assets as a percentage of total Firm assets at fair value^(a)			4.1		%

(a)

For purposes of table above, the derivative receivables total reflects the impact of netting adjustments; however, the $7.3 billion of derivative receivables classified as level 3 does not reflect the netting adjustment as such netting is not relevant to a presentation based on the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset. However, if the Firm were to net such balances within level 3, the reduction in the level 3 derivative receivables balance would be $1.6 billion at June 30, 2016; this is exclusive of the netting benefit associated with cash collateral, which would further reduce the level 3 balances.


(b)	Private equity instruments represent investments within Corporate.

Valuation

Estimating fair value requires the application of judgment. The type and level of judgment required is largely dependent on the amount of observable market information available to the Firm. For instruments valued using internally developed models that use significant unobservable inputs and are therefore classified within level 3 of the valuation hierarchy, judgments used to estimate fair value are more significant than those required when estimating the fair value of instruments classified within levels 1 and 2.

In arriving at an estimate of fair value for an instrument within level 3, management must first determine the appropriate model to use. Second, the lack of observability of certain significant inputs requires management to assess all relevant empirical data in deriving valuation inputs — including, for example, transaction details, yield curves, interest rates, prepayment rates, default rates, volatilities, correlations, equity or debt prices, valuations of comparable instruments, foreign exchange rates and credit curves. For further discussion of the valuation of level 3 instruments, including unobservable inputs used, see

Note 3.

For instruments classified in levels 2 and 3, management judgment must be applied to assess the appropriate level of valuation adjustments to reflect counterparty credit quality,

the Firm’s credit-worthiness, market funding rates, liquidity considerations, unobservable parameters, and for portfolios that meet specified criteria, the size of the net open risk position. The judgments made are typically affected by the type of product and its specific contractual terms, and the level of liquidity for the product or within the market as a whole. For further discussion of valuation adjustments applied by the Firm, see Note 3.

Imprecision in estimating unobservable market inputs or other factors can affect the amount of gain or loss recorded for a particular position. Furthermore, while the Firm believes its valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with those of other market participants, the methods and assumptions used reflect management judgment and may vary across the Firm’s businesses and portfolios.

The Firm uses various methodologies and assumptions in the determination of fair value. The use of methodologies or assumptions different than those used by the Firm could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. For a detailed discussion of the Firm’s valuation process and hierarchy, and its determination of fair value for individual financial instruments, see Note 3.

Goodwill impairment

Management applies significant judgment when testing goodwill for impairment. For a description of the significant valuation judgments associated with goodwill impairment, see Goodwill impairment on page 168 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

For the three months ended June 30, 2016, the Firm reviewed current conditions (including the estimated effects of regulatory and legislative changes and the current estimated market cost of equity) and prior projections of business performance for all its businesses. Based upon such reviews, the Firm concluded that the goodwill allocated to its reporting units was not impaired as of June 30, 2016.

Declines in business performance, increases in credit losses, increases in equity capital requirements, as well as deterioration in economic or market conditions, adverse estimates of the impact of regulatory or legislative changes or increases in the estimated market cost of equity, could cause the estimated fair values of the Firm’s reporting units or their associated goodwill to decline in the future, which could result in a material impairment charge to earnings in a future period related to some portion of the associated goodwill.

For additional information on goodwill, see Note 16.

Income taxes

For a description of the significant assumptions, judgments and interpretations associated with the accounting for income taxes, see Income taxes on page 169 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Litigation reserves

For a description of the significant estimates and judgments associated with establishing litigation reserves, see Note 23 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 31 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING DEVELOPMENTS



Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Standards Adopted since January 1, 2016

Standard	Summary of guidance	Effects on financial statements
Amendments to the consolidation analysis	• Eliminates the deferral issued by the FASB in February 2010 of VIE-related accounting requirements for certain investment funds, including mutual funds, private equity funds and hedge funds. • Amends the evaluation of fees paid to a decision-maker or a service provider, and exempts certain money market funds from consolidation.	• Adopted January 1, 2016. • There was no material impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Financial Statements. • For further information, see Note 1.
Improvements to employee share-based payment accounting	• Requires that all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies that pertain to employee stock-based incentive payments be recognized within income tax expense in the Consolidated statements of income, rather than within additional paid-in capital.	• Adopted January 1, 2016. • There was no material impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Financial Statements.
Measuring the financial assets and financial liabilities of a consolidated collateralized financing entity	• Provides an alternative for consolidated financing VIEs to elect: (1) to measure their financial assets and liabilities separately under existing U.S. GAAP for fair value measurement with any differences in such fair values reflected in earnings; or (2) to measure both their financial assets and liabilities using the more observable of the fair value of the financial assets or the fair value of the financial liabilities.	• Adopted January 1, 2016. • There was no material impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Financial Statements as the Firm has historically measured the financial assets and liabilities using the more observable fair value.
Recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities – DVA to OCI	• For financial liabilities where the fair value option has been elected, the portion of the total change in fair value caused by changes in the Firm’s own credit risk (i.e., DVA) is required to be presented separately in other comprehensive income (“OCI“). • Requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption.	• Adopted January 1, 2016. • There was no material impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Financial Statements. • For additional information about the impact of the adoption of the new accounting guidance, see Notes 3, 4 and 19.



FASB Standards Issued but not yet Adopted

Standard	Summary of guidance	Effects on financial statements
Revenue recognition – revenue from contracts with customers Issued May 2014	• Requires that revenue from contracts with customers be recognized upon transfer of control of a good or service in the amount of consideration expected to be received. • Changes the accounting for certain contract costs, including whether they may be offset against revenue in the statements of income, and requires additional disclosures about revenue and contract costs. • May be adopted using a full retrospective approach or a modified, cumulative effect-type approach wherein the guidance is applied only to existing contracts as of the date of initial application, and to new contracts transacted after that date.	• Required effective date: January 1, 2018.^(a) • Because the guidance does not apply to revenue associated with financial instruments, including loans and securities that are accounted for under other U.S. GAAP, the Firm does not expect the new revenue recognition guidance to have a material impact on the elements of its statements of income most closely associated with financial instruments, including securities gains, interest income and interest expense. • The Firm plans to adopt the revenue recognition guidance in the first quarter of 2018 and is currently evaluating the potential impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements and its selection of transition method.
Recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities Issued January 2016	• Requires that certain equity instruments be measured at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. • Generally requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the reporting period of adoption.	• Required effective date: January 1, 2018. • The Firm is currently evaluating the potential impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Leases Issued February 2016	• Requires lessees to recognize all leases longer than twelve months on the Consolidated balance sheets as lease liabilities with corresponding right-of-use assets. • Requires lessees and lessors to classify most leases using principles similar to existing lease accounting, but eliminates the “bright line” classification tests. • Requires lessees and lessors to expand qualitative and quantitative disclosures regarding their leasing arrangements.	• Required effective date: January 1, 2019.^(a) • The Firm is currently evaluating the potential impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Financial instruments - credit losses Issued June 2016	• Replaces existing incurred loss impairment guidance and establishes a single allowance framework for financial assets carried at amortized cost (including held-to-maturity securities), which will reflect management’s estimate of credit losses over the full remaining expected life of the financial assets. • Eliminates existing guidance for PCI loans, and requires recognition of an allowance for expected credit losses on financial assets purchased with more than insignificant credit deterioration since origination. • Amends existing impairment guidance for available-for-sale securities to incorporate an allowance, which will allow for reversals of impairment losses in the event that the credit of an issuer improves. • Requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the reporting period of adoption.	• Required effective date: January 1, 2020.^(b) • The Firm expects that the new guidance will result in an increase in its allowance for credit losses due to several factors, including: 1. The allowance related to the Firm’s loans and commitments will increase to cover credit losses over the full remaining expected life of the portfolio, and will consider expected future changes in macroeconomic conditions 2. The nonaccretable difference on PCI loans will be recognized as an allowance, offset by an increase in the carrying value of the related loans 3. An allowance will be established for estimated credit losses on HTM securities • The extent of the increase is under evaluation, but will depend upon the nature and characteristics of the Firm’s portfolio at the adoption date, and the macroeconomic conditions and forecasts at that date.


(a)	Early adoption is permitted.


(b)	Early adoption is permitted on January 1, 2019.



FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

From time to time, the Firm has made and will make forward-looking statements. These statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements often use words such as “anticipate,” “target,” “expect,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “goal,” “believe,” or other words of similar meaning. Forward-looking statements provide JPMorgan Chase’s current expectations or forecasts of future events, circumstances, results or aspirations. JPMorgan Chase’s disclosures in this Form 10-Q contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The Firm also may make forward-looking statements in its other documents filed or furnished with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, the Firm’s senior management may make forward-looking statements orally to investors, analysts, representatives of the media and others.

All forward-looking statements are, by their nature, subject to risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Firm’s control. JPMorgan Chase’s actual future results may differ materially from those set forth in its forward-looking statements. While there is no assurance that any list of risks and uncertainties or risk factors is complete, below are certain factors which could cause actual results to differ from those in the forward-looking statements:


•	Local, regional and global business, economic and political conditions and geopolitical events;


•	Changes in laws and regulatory requirements, including capital and liquidity requirements affecting the Firm’s businesses, and the ability of the Firm to address those requirements;


•	Changes in trade, monetary and fiscal policies and laws;


•	Changes in income tax laws and regulations (including the adoption, as currently proposed, of Treasury regulations under Section 385 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code);


•	Securities and capital markets behavior, including changes in market liquidity and volatility;


•	Changes in investor sentiment or consumer spending or savings behavior;


•	Ability of the Firm to manage effectively its capital and liquidity, including approval of its capital plans by banking regulators;


•	Changes in credit ratings assigned to the Firm or its subsidiaries;


•	Damage to the Firm’s reputation;


•	Ability of the Firm to deal effectively with an economic slowdown or other economic or market disruption;


•	Technology changes instituted by the Firm, its counterparties or competitors;


•	The success of the Firm’s business simplification initiatives and the effectiveness of its control agenda;


•	Ability of the Firm to develop new products and services, and the extent to which products or services previously sold by the Firm (including but not limited to mortgages and asset-backed securities) require the Firm to incur liabilities or absorb losses not contemplated at their initiation or origination;


•	Acceptance of the Firm’s new and existing products and services by the marketplace and the ability of the Firm to innovate and to increase market share;


•	Ability of the Firm to attract and retain qualified employees;


•	Ability of the Firm to control expense;


•	Competitive pressures;


•	Changes in the credit quality of the Firm’s customers and counterparties;


•	Adequacy of the Firm’s risk management framework, disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting;


•	Adverse judicial or regulatory proceedings;


•	Changes in applicable accounting policies;


•	Ability of the Firm to determine accurate values of certain assets and liabilities;


•	Occurrence of natural or man-made disasters or calamities or conflicts and the Firm’s ability to deal effectively with disruptions caused by the foregoing;


•	Ability of the Firm to maintain the security and integrity of its financial, accounting, technology, data processing and other operating systems and facilities;


•	Ability of the Firm to effectively defend itself against cyberattacks and other attempts by unauthorized parties to access the Firm’s information or disrupt its systems; and


•	The other risks and uncertainties detailed in Part I,

Item 1A: Risk Factors in the Firm’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Any forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Firm speak only as of the date they are made, and JPMorgan Chase does not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect the impact of circumstances or events that arise after the date the forward-looking statements were made. The reader should, however, consult any further disclosures of a forward-looking nature the Firm may make in any subsequent Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, or Current Reports on Form 8-K.

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Consolidated statements of income (unaudited)



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Revenue
Investment banking fees	$	1,644	$	1,833	$	2,977	$	3,627
Principal transactions	2,976		2,834		5,655		6,489
Lending- and deposit-related fees	1,403		1,418		2,806		2,781
Asset management, administration and commissions	3,681		4,015		7,305		7,822
Securities gains^(a)	21		44		72		96
Mortgage fees and related income	689		783		1,356		1,488
Card income	1,358		1,615		2,659		3,046
Other income	1,261		586		2,062		1,168
Noninterest revenue	13,033		13,128		24,892		26,517
Interest income	13,813		12,514		27,365		25,079
Interest expense	2,466		1,830		4,638		3,718
Net interest income	11,347		10,684		22,727		21,361
Total net revenue	24,380		23,812		47,619		47,878

Provision for credit losses	1,402		935		3,226		1,894

Noninterest expense
Compensation expense	7,778		7,694		15,438		15,737
Occupancy expense	899		923		1,782		1,856
Technology, communications and equipment expense	1,665		1,499		3,283		2,990
Professional and outside services	1,700		1,768		3,248		3,402
Marketing	672		642		1,375		1,233
Other expense	924		1,974		2,349		4,165
Total noninterest expense	13,638		14,500		27,475		29,383
Income before income tax expense	9,340		8,377		16,918		16,601
Income tax expense	3,140		2,087		5,198		4,397
Net income	$	6,200	$	6,290	$	11,720	$	12,204
Net income applicable to common stockholders	$	5,666	$	5,776	$	10,656	$	11,228
Net income per common share data
Basic earnings per share	$	1.56	$	1.56	$	2.92	$	3.02
Diluted earnings per share	1.55		1.54		2.89		2.99

Weighted-average basic shares	3,635.8		3,707.8		3,652.9		3,716.6
Weighted-average diluted shares	3,666.5		3,743.6		3,681.7		3,750.5
Cash dividends declared per common share	$	0.48	$	0.44	$	0.92	$	0.84


(a)	The Firm recognized other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) losses of $32 million and $1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $38 million and $2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (unaudited)



	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net income	$	6,200		$	6,290		$	11,720		$	12,204
Other comprehensive income/(loss), after–tax
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities	867			(1,419		)	1,292			(1,330		)
Translation adjustments, net of hedges	3			3			1			(7		)
Cash flow hedges	(87		)	80			(157		)	157
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans	56			8			81			93
DVA on fair value option elected liabilities	(3		)	NA			55			NA
Total other comprehensive income/(loss), after–tax	836			(1,328		)	1,272			(1,087		)
Comprehensive income	$	7,036		$	4,962		$	12,992		$	11,117

The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Consolidated balance sheets (unaudited)



(in millions, except share data)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	19,710		$	20,490
Deposits with banks	345,595			340,015
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements (included $23,349 and $23,141 at fair value)	237,267			212,575
Securities borrowed (included $0 and $395 at fair value)	103,225			98,721
Trading assets (included assets pledged of $107,779 and $115,284)	380,793			343,839
Securities (included $224,799 and $241,754 at fair value and assets pledged of $23,789 and $14,883)	278,610			290,827
Loans (included $1,852 and $2,861 at fair value)	872,804			837,299
Allowance for loan losses	(14,227		)	(13,555		)
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses	858,577			823,744
Accrued interest and accounts receivable	64,911			46,605
Premises and equipment	14,262			14,362
Goodwill	47,303			47,325
Mortgage servicing rights	5,072			6,608
Other intangible assets	917			1,015
Other assets (included $7,309 and $7,604 at fair value and assets pledged of $1,378 and $1,286)	109,854			105,572
Total assets^(a)	$	2,466,096		$	2,351,698
Liabilities
Deposits (included $12,292 and $12,516 at fair value)	$	1,330,958		$	1,279,715
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements (included $1,722 and $3,526 at fair value)	166,044			152,678
Commercial paper	17,279			15,562
Other borrowed funds (included $9,869 and $9,911 at fair value)	19,945			21,105
Trading liabilities	158,958			126,897
Accounts payable and other liabilities (included $4,577 and $4,401 at fair value)	184,635			177,638
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities (included $586 and $787 at fair value)	40,227			41,879
Long-term debt (included $36,486 and $33,065 at fair value)	295,627			288,651
Total liabilities^(a)	2,213,673			2,104,125
Commitments and contingencies (see Notes 21 and 23)
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock ($1 par value; authorized 200,000,000 shares; issued 2,606,750 shares)	26,068			26,068
Common stock ($1 par value; authorized 9,000,000,000 shares; issued 4,104,933,895 shares)	4,105			4,105
Additional paid-in capital	91,974			92,500
Retained earnings	153,749			146,420
Accumulated other comprehensive income	1,618			192
Shares held in restricted stock units (“RSU”) Trust, at cost (472,953 shares)	(21		)	(21		)
Treasury stock, at cost (492,951,535 and 441,459,392 shares)	(25,070		)	(21,691		)
Total stockholders’ equity	252,423			247,573
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,466,096		$	2,351,698


(a)	The following table presents information on assets and liabilities related to VIEs that are consolidated by the Firm at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. The difference between total VIE assets and liabilities represents the Firm’s interests in those entities, which were eliminated in consolidation.



(in millions)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
Assets
Trading assets	$	4,261	$	3,736
Loans	68,888		75,104
All other assets	3,546		2,765
Total assets	$	76,695	$	81,605
Liabilities
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	$	40,227	$	41,879
All other liabilities	750		809
Total liabilities	$	40,977	$	42,688

The assets of the consolidated VIEs are used to settle the liabilities of those entities. The holders of the beneficial interests do not have recourse to the general credit of JPMorgan Chase. At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm provided limited program-wide credit enhancements of $2.0 billion for each period related to its Firm-administered multi-seller conduits, which are eliminated in consolidation. For further discussion, see Note 15.

The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (unaudited)



	Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share data)	2016			2015
Preferred stock
Balance at January 1	$	26,068		$	20,063
Issuance of preferred stock	—			4,855
Balance at June 30	26,068			24,918
Common stock
Balance at January 1 and June 30	4,105			4,105
Additional paid-in capital
Balance at January 1	92,500			93,270
Shares issued and commitments to issue common stock for employee stock-based compensation awards, and related tax effects	(539		)	(788		)
Other	13			(278		)
Balance at June 30	91,974			92,204
Retained earnings
Balance at January 1	146,420			129,977
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle	(154		)	—
Net income	11,720			12,204
Dividends declared:
Preferred stock	(823		)	(704		)
Common stock ($0.92 and $0.84 per share)	(3,414		)	(3,183		)
Balance at June 30	153,749			138,294
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Balance at January 1	192			2,189
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle	154			—
Other comprehensive income/(loss)	1,272			(1,087		)
Balance at June 30	1,618			1,102
Shares held in RSU Trust, at cost
Balance at January 1 and June 30	(21		)	(21		)
Treasury stock, at cost
Balance at January 1	(21,691		)	(17,856		)
Purchase of treasury stock	(4,536		)	(3,149		)
Reissuance from treasury stock	1,157			1,608
Balance at June 30	(25,070		)	(19,397		)
Total stockholders’ equity	$	252,423		$	241,205

The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Consolidated statements of cash flows (unaudited)



	Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015
Operating activities
Net income	$	11,720		$	12,204
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Provision for credit losses	3,226			1,894
Depreciation and amortization	2,625			2,419
Deferred tax expense/(benefit)	577			90
Other	1,001			979
Originations and purchases of loans held-for-sale	(24,963		)	(30,665		)
Proceeds from sales, securitizations and paydowns of loans held-for-sale	22,356			27,797
Net change in:
Trading assets	(52,501		)	34,114
Securities borrowed	(4,505		)	11,903
Accrued interest and accounts receivable	(18,407		)	154
Other assets	(10,764		)	718
Trading liabilities	42,738			(16,660		)
Accounts payable and other liabilities	3,714			(9,432		)
Other operating adjustments	276			(3,340		)
Net cash provided by/(used in) operating activities	(22,907		)	32,175
Investing activities
Net change in:
Deposits with banks	(5,580		)	85,670
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	(24,624		)	2,927
Held-to-maturity securities:
Proceeds from paydowns and maturities	2,718			3,185
Purchases	(134		)	(5,678		)
Available-for-sale securities:
Proceeds from paydowns and maturities	33,070			43,454
Proceeds from sales	22,559			22,569
Purchases	(42,002		)	(41,391		)
Proceeds from sales and securitizations of loans held-for-investment	5,599			10,217
Other changes in loans, net	(43,094		)	(45,505		)
All other investing activities, net	(576		)	2,023
Net cash provided by/(used in) investing activities	(52,064		)	77,471
Financing activities
Net change in:
Deposits	68,209			(88,838		)
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	13,346			(11,195		)
Commercial paper and other borrowed funds	311			(24,161		)
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities	(2,668		)	(1,454		)
Proceeds from long-term borrowings	36,064			54,585
Payments of long-term borrowings	(32,022		)	(40,190		)
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock	—			4,774
Treasury stock purchased	(4,536		)	(3,149		)
Dividends paid	(4,120		)	(3,734		)
All other financing activities, net	(425		)	(67		)
Net cash provided by/(used in) financing activities	74,159			(113,429		)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and due from banks	32			47
Net decrease in cash and due from banks	(780		)	(3,736		)
Cash and due from banks at the beginning of the period	20,490			27,831
Cash and due from banks at the end of the period	$	19,710		$	24,095
Cash interest paid	$	4,283		$	3,302
Cash income taxes paid, net	1,261			5,833

The Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited) are an integral part of these statements.

See the Glossary of Terms and Acronyms on pages 169-176 for definitions of terms and acronyms used throughout the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (unaudited)

Note 1 – Basis of presentation

JPMorgan Chase & Co. (“JPMorgan Chase” or “the Firm”), a financial holding company incorporated under Delaware law in 1968, is a leading global financial services firm and one of the largest banking institutions in the U.S., with operations worldwide. The Firm is a leader in investment banking, financial services for consumers and small businesses, commercial banking, financial transaction processing and asset management. For a discussion of the Firm’s business segments, see Note 24.

The accounting and financial reporting policies of JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries conform to U.S. GAAP. Additionally, where applicable, the policies conform to the accounting and reporting guidelines prescribed by regulatory authorities.

The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue and expense, and the disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could be different from these estimates. In the opinion of management, all normal, recurring adjustments have been included for a fair statement of this interim financial information.

These unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements, and related notes thereto, included in JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Certain amounts reported in prior periods have been reclassified to conform with the current presentation.

Consolidation

The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of JPMorgan Chase and other entities in which the Firm has a controlling financial interest. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Assets held for clients in an agency or fiduciary capacity by the Firm are not assets of JPMorgan Chase and are not included on the Consolidated balance sheets.

The Firm determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity or a VIE.

Effective January 1, 2016, the Firm adopted new accounting guidance related to the consolidation of legal entities such as limited partnerships, limited liability corporations, and securitization structures. The guidance eliminated the deferral issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board in February 2010 of the accounting guidance for VIEs for certain investment funds, including mutual funds, private equity funds and hedge funds. In

addition, the guidance amends the evaluation of fees paid to a decision-maker or a service provider, and exempts certain money market funds from consolidation. Furthermore, asset management funds structured as limited partnerships or certain limited liability companies are now evaluated for consolidation as voting interest entities if the non-managing partners or members have the ability to remove the Firm as the general partner or managing member without cause (i.e., kick-out rights) based on a simple majority vote. Accordingly, the Firm does not consolidate these voting interest entities. However, in the limited cases where the non-managing partners or members do not have substantive kick-out or participating rights, the Firm evaluates the funds as VIEs and consolidates if it is the general partner or managing member and has a potentially significant variable interest. There was no material impact on the Firm’s Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption of this accounting guidance.

For a further description of JPMorgan Chase’s accounting policies regarding consolidation, see Notes 1 and 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Offsetting assets and liabilities

U.S. GAAP permits entities to present derivative receivables and derivative payables with the same counterparty and the related cash collateral receivables and payables on a net basis on the Consolidated balance sheets when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists. U.S. GAAP also permits securities sold and purchased under repurchase agreements to be presented net when specified conditions are met, including the existence of a legally enforceable master netting agreement. The Firm has elected to net such balances when the specified conditions are met. For further information on offsetting assets and liabilities, see Note 1 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Note 2 – Business changes

Increase in common stock dividend

The Board of Directors increased the Firm’s quarterly

common stock dividend from $0.44 per share to $0.48 per

share, effective with the dividend paid on July 31, 2016, to stockholders of record at the close of business on July 6, 2016.

Note 3 – Fair value measurement

For a discussion of the Firm’s valuation methodologies for assets, liabilities and lending-related commitments measured at fair value and the fair value hierarchy, see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following table presents the asset and liabilities reported at fair value as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, by major product category and fair value hierarchy.



Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis
	Fair value hierarchy						Derivative netting adjustments
June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3					Total fair value
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	$	—	$	23,349	$	—	$	—		$	23,349
Securities borrowed	—		—		—		—			—
Trading assets:
Debt instruments:
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies^(a)	3		37,305		473		—			37,781
Residential – nonagency	—		981		200		—			1,181
Commercial – nonagency	—		1,580		30		—			1,610
Total mortgage-backed securities	3		39,866		703		—			40,572
U.S. Treasury and government agencies^(a)	20,913		5,525		—		—			26,438
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	—		8,653		551		—			9,204
Certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances and commercial paper	—		925		—		—			925
Non-U.S. government debt securities	32,159		30,241		37		—			62,437
Corporate debt securities	—		24,873		516		—			25,389
Loans^(b)	—		25,570		6,016		—			31,586
Asset-backed securities	—		2,739		959		—			3,698
Total debt instruments	53,075		138,392		8,782		—			200,249
Equity securities	87,145		474		246		—			87,865
Physical commodities^(c)	2,640		1,812		—		—			4,452
Other	—		9,050		670		—			9,720
Total debt and equity instruments^(d)	142,860		149,728		9,698		—			302,286
Derivative receivables:
Interest rate	508		927,721		2,899		(893,243		)	37,885
Credit	—		38,450		1,639		(38,295		)	1,794
Foreign exchange	1,447		227,981		1,465		(206,810		)	24,083
Equity	—		37,924		1,090		(31,887		)	7,127
Commodity	161		21,395		236		(14,235		)	7,557
Total derivative receivables^(e)	2,116		1,253,471		7,329		(1,184,470		)	78,446
Total trading assets^(f)	144,976		1,403,199		17,027		(1,184,470		)	380,732
Available-for-sale securities:
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies^(a)	—		56,181		—		—			56,181
Residential – nonagency	—		21,494		1		—			21,495
Commercial – nonagency	—		14,948		—		—			14,948
Total mortgage-backed securities	—		92,623		1		—			92,624
U.S. Treasury and government agencies^(a)	14,791		33		—		—			14,824
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	—		32,108		—		—			32,108
Certificates of deposit	—		106		—		—			106
Non-U.S. government debt securities	24,362		12,706		—		—			37,068
Corporate debt securities	—		6,461		—		—			6,461
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations	—		30,506		760		—			31,266
Other	—		8,347		49		—			8,396
Equity securities	1,946		—		—		—			1,946
Total available-for-sale securities	41,099		182,890		810		—			224,799
Loans	—		1,067		785		—			1,852
Mortgage servicing rights	—		—		5,072		—			5,072
Other assets:
Private equity investments^(g)	81		—		1,656		—			1,737
All other	3,910		—		713		—			4,623
Total other assets^(f)	3,991		—		2,369		—			6,360
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	190,066	$	1,610,505	$	26,063	$	(1,184,470	)	$	642,164
Deposits	$	—	$	9,883	$	2,409	$	—		$	12,292
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	—		1,722		—		—			1,722
Other borrowed funds	—		8,962		907		—			9,869
Trading liabilities:
Debt and equity instruments^(d)	80,400		20,737		57		—			101,194
Derivative payables:
Interest rate	702		884,633		1,792		(872,050		)	15,077
Credit	—		38,298		1,360		(37,935		)	1,723
Foreign exchange	1,349		227,535		2,670		(208,331		)	23,223
Equity	—		37,720		2,982		(32,475		)	8,227
Commodity	184		22,081		955		(13,706		)	9,514
Total derivative payables^(e)	2,235		1,210,267		9,759		(1,164,497		)	57,764
Total trading liabilities	82,635		1,231,004		9,816		(1,164,497		)	158,958
Accounts payable and other liabilities	4,562		—		15		—			4,577
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	—		2		584		—			586
Long-term debt	—		23,339		13,147		—			36,486
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	87,197	$	1,274,912	$	26,878	$	(1,164,497	)	$	224,490



	Fair value hierarchy						Derivative netting adjustments
December 31, 2015 (in millions)	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3					Total fair value
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	$	—	$	23,141	$	—	$	—		$	23,141
Securities borrowed	—		395		—		—			395
Trading assets:
Debt instruments:
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies^(a)	6		31,815		715		—			32,536
Residential – nonagency	—		1,299		194		—			1,493
Commercial – nonagency	—		1,080		115		—			1,195
Total mortgage-backed securities	6		34,194		1,024		—			35,224
U.S. Treasury and government agencies^(a)	12,036		6,985		—		—			19,021
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	—		6,986		651		—			7,637
Certificates of deposit, bankers’ acceptances and commercial paper	—		1,042		—		—			1,042
Non-U.S. government debt securities	27,974		25,064		74		—			53,112
Corporate debt securities	—		22,807		736		—			23,543
Loans^(b)	—		22,211		6,604		—			28,815
Asset-backed securities	—		2,392		1,832		—			4,224
Total debt instruments	40,016		121,681		10,921		—			172,618
Equity securities	94,059		606		265		—			94,930
Physical commodities^(c)	3,593		1,064		—		—			4,657
Other	—		11,152		744		—			11,896
Total debt and equity instruments^(d)	137,668		134,503		11,930		—			284,101
Derivative receivables:
Interest rate	354		666,491		2,766		(643,248		)	26,363
Credit	—		48,850		2,618		(50,045		)	1,423
Foreign exchange	734		177,525		1,616		(162,698		)	17,177
Equity	—		35,150		709		(30,330		)	5,529
Commodity	108		24,720		237		(15,880		)	9,185
Total derivative receivables^(e)	1,196		952,736		7,946		(902,201		)	59,677
Total trading assets^(f)	138,864		1,087,239		19,876		(902,201		)	343,778
Available-for-sale securities:
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies^(a)	—		55,066		—		—			55,066
Residential – nonagency	—		27,618		1		—			27,619
Commercial – nonagency	—		22,897		—		—			22,897
Total mortgage-backed securities	—		105,581		1		—			105,582
U.S. Treasury and government agencies^(a)	10,998		38		—		—			11,036
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	—		33,550		—		—			33,550
Certificates of deposit	—		283		—		—			283
Non-U.S. government debt securities	23,199		13,477		—		—			36,676
Corporate debt securities	—		12,436		—		—			12,436
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations	—		30,248		759		—			31,007
Other	—		9,033		64		—			9,097
Equity securities	2,087		—		—		—			2,087
Total available-for-sale securities	36,284		204,646		824		—			241,754
Loans	—		1,343		1,518		—			2,861
Mortgage servicing rights	—		—		6,608		—			6,608
Other assets:							—
Private equity investments^(g)	102		101		1,657		—			1,860
All other	3,815		28		744		—			4,587
Total other assets^(f)	3,917		129		2,401		—			6,447
Total assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	179,065	$	1,316,893	$	31,227	$	(902,201	)	$	624,984
Deposits	$	—	$	9,566	$	2,950	$	—		$	12,516
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	—		3,526		—		—			3,526
Other borrowed funds	—		9,272		639		—			9,911
Trading liabilities:
Debt and equity instruments^(d)	53,845		20,199		63		—			74,107
Derivative payables:
Interest rate	216		633,060		1,890		(624,945		)	10,221
Credit	—		48,460		2,069		(48,988		)	1,541
Foreign exchange	669		187,890		2,341		(171,131		)	19,769
Equity	—		36,440		2,223		(29,480		)	9,183
Commodity	52		26,430		1,172		(15,578		)	12,076
Total derivative payables^(e)	937		932,280		9,695		(890,122		)	52,790
Total trading liabilities	54,782		952,479		9,758		(890,122		)	126,897
Accounts payable and other liabilities	4,382		—		19		—			4,401
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	—		238		549		—			787
Long-term debt	—		21,452		11,613		—			33,065
Total liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis	$	59,164	$	996,533	$	25,528	$	(890,122	)	$	191,103


(a)	At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, included total U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations of $68.3 billion and $67.0 billion, respectively, which were predominantly mortgage-related.

(b)

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, included within trading loans were $14.9 billion and $11.8 billion, respectively, of residential first-lien mortgages, and $4.2 billion and $4.3 billion, respectively, of commercial first-lien mortgages. Residential mortgage loans include conforming mortgage loans originated with the intent to sell to U.S. government agencies of $8.6 billion and $5.3 billion, respectively, and reverse mortgages of $2.2 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively.


(c)	Physical commodities inventories are generally accounted for at the lower of cost or market. “Market” is a term defined in U.S. GAAP as not exceeding fair value less costs to sell (“transaction costs”). Transaction costs for the Firm’s physical commodities inventories are either not applicable or immaterial to the value of the inventory. Therefore, market approximates fair value for

the Firm’s physical commodities inventories. When fair value hedging has been applied (or when market is below cost), the carrying value of physical commodities approximates fair value, because under fair value hedge accounting, the cost basis is adjusted for changes in fair value. For a further discussion of the Firm’s hedge accounting relationships, see Note 5. To provide consistent fair value disclosure information, all physical commodities inventories have been included in each period presented.


(d)	Balances reflect the reduction of securities owned (long positions) by the amount of identical securities sold but not yet purchased (short positions).

(e)

As permitted under U.S. GAAP, the Firm has elected to net derivative receivables and derivative payables and the related cash collateral received and paid when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists. For purposes of the tables above, the Firm does not reduce derivative receivables and derivative payables balances for this netting adjustment, either within or across the levels of the fair value hierarchy, as such netting is not relevant to a presentation based on the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability. However, if the Firm were to net such balances within level 3, the reduction in the level 3 derivative receivables and payables balances would be $1.6 billion and $546 million at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively; this is exclusive of the netting benefit associated with cash collateral, which would further reduce the level 3 balances.

(f)

Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient are not required to be classified in the fair value hierarchy. At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the fair values of these investments, which include certain hedge funds, private equity funds, real estate and other funds, were $1.0 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively. Included in the balances at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, were trading assets of $61 million and $61 million, respectively, and other assets of $949 million and $1.2 billion, respectively.


(g)	Private equity instruments represent investments within Corporate. The portion of the private equity investment portfolio carried at fair value on a recurring basis had a cost basis of $2.8 billion and $3.5 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Transfers between levels for instruments carried at fair value on a recurring basis

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, there were no individually significant transfers between levels 1 and 2, or from level 2 into level 3. In addition, during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, there were no individually significant transfers from level 3 to level 2.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, transfers from level 3 into level 2 included $1.9 billion and $2.0 billion, respectively, of corporate debt driven by a reduction of the significance in the unobservable inputs and an increase in observability for certain structured products, and $1.3 billion and $1.9 billion of trading loans, respectively, driven by an increase in observability of certain collateralized financing transactions.

All transfers are assumed to occur at the beginning of the quarterly reporting period in which they occur.

Level 3 valuations

For further information on the Firm’s valuation process and a detailed discussion of the determination of fair value for individual financial instruments, see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following table presents the Firm’s primary level 3 financial instruments, the valuation techniques used to measure the fair value of those financial instruments, the significant unobservable inputs, the range of values for those inputs and, for certain instruments, the weighted averages of such inputs. While the determination to classify an instrument within level 3 is based on the significance of the unobservable inputs to the overall fair value measurement, level 3 financial instruments typically include observable components (that is, components that are actively quoted and can be validated to external sources) in addition to the unobservable components. The level 1 and/or level 2 inputs are not included in the table. In addition, the Firm manages the risk of the observable components of level 3 financial instruments using securities and derivative positions that are classified within levels 1 or 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The range of values presented in the table is representative of the highest and lowest level input used to value the significant groups of instruments within a product/instrument classification. Where provided, the weighted averages of the input values presented in the table are calculated based on the fair value of the instruments that the input is being used to value.

In the Firm’s view, the input range and the weighted average value do not reflect the degree of input uncertainty or an assessment of the reasonableness of the Firm’s estimates and assumptions. Rather, they reflect the characteristics of the various instruments held by the Firm and the relative distribution of instruments within the range of characteristics. For example, two option contracts may have similar levels of market risk exposure and valuation uncertainty, but may have significantly different implied volatility levels because the option contracts have different underlyings, tenors, or strike prices. The input range and weighted average values will therefore vary from period to period and parameter-to-parameter based on the characteristics of the instruments held by the Firm at each balance sheet date.

For the Firm’s derivatives and structured notes positions classified within level 3 at June 30, 2016, interest rate correlation inputs used in estimating fair value were concentrated towards the upper end of the range presented; equities correlation inputs were concentrated at the upper end of the range; the credit correlation inputs were distributed across the range presented; and the foreign exchange correlation inputs were concentrated at the upper end of the range presented. In addition, the interest rate volatility inputs used in estimating fair value were distributed across the range presented. The equity volatilities are concentrated in the lower half end of the range. The forward commodity prices used in estimating the fair value of commodity derivatives were concentrated in the middle of the range presented.



Level 3 inputs^(a)
June 30, 2016 (in millions, except for ratios and basis points)
Product/Instrument	Fair value			Principal valuation technique	Unobservable inputs	Range of input values						Weighted average
Residential mortgage-backed securities and loans	$	4,131		Discounted cash flows	Yield	2%			–	16	%	5		%
Residential mortgage-backed securities and loans					Prepayment speed	0%			–	20	%	8		%
					Conditional default rate	0%			–	25	%	2		%
					Loss severity	0%			–	90	%	27		%
Commercial mortgage-backed securities and loans^(b)	1,137			Discounted cash flows	Yield	1%			–	25	%	8		%
Commercial mortgage-backed securities and loans^(b)					Conditional default rate	0%			–	100	%	68		%
					Loss severity	40%						40		%
Corporate debt securities, obligations of U.S. states and municipalities, and other^(c)	2,806			Discounted cash flows	Credit spread	40 bps			–	375 bps		177bps
					Yield	3%			–	20	%	6		%
	3,019			Market comparables	Price	$	—		–	$340		$	90
Net interest rate derivatives	1,107			Option pricing	Interest rate correlation	(30		)%	–	97	%
					Interest rate spread volatility	3%			–	38	%
Net credit derivatives^(b)(c)	279			Discounted cash flows	Credit correlation	30%			–	90	%
Net foreign exchange derivatives	(1,205		)	Option pricing	Foreign exchange correlation	(20)%			–	70	%
Net equity derivatives	(1,892		)	Option pricing	Equity volatility	20%			–	60	%
Net commodity derivatives	(719		)	Discounted cash flows	Forward commodity price	$	36		–	$55 per barrel
Collateralized loan obligations	760			Discounted cash flows	Credit spread	406 bps			–	701 bps		469 bps
					Prepayment speed	20%						20		%
					Conditional default rate	2%						2		%
					Loss severity	30%						30		%
	153			Market comparables	Price	$	—		–	$100		$	68
MSRs	5,072			Discounted cash flows	Refer to Note 16
Private equity investments	1,656			Market comparables	EBITDA multiple	6.9 x			–	10.8 x		8.2 x
Long-term debt, other borrowed funds, and deposits^(d)	15,908			Option pricing	Interest rate correlation	(30		)%	–	97	%
					Interest rate spread volatility	3		%	–	38	%
					Foreign exchange correlation	(20		)%	–	70	%
					Equity correlation	(50		)%	–	75	%
	555			Discounted cash flows	Credit correlation	30		%	–	90	%
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs^(e)	584			Discounted Cash Flows	Yield	2%			–	8	%	4		%
					Prepayment Speed	7%			–	8	%	7		%
					Conditional default rate	2%						2		%
					Loss severity	30%						30		%


(a)	The categories presented in the table have been aggregated based upon the product type, which may differ from their classification on the Consolidated balance sheets.


(b)	The unobservable inputs and associated input ranges for approximately $315 million of credit derivative receivables and $276 million of credit derivative payables with underlying commercial mortgage risk have been included in the inputs and ranges provided for commercial MBS and loans.


(c)	The unobservable inputs and associated input ranges for approximately $388 million of credit derivative receivables and $355 million of credit derivative payables with underlying ABS risk have been included in the inputs and ranges provided for corporate debt securities, obligations of U.S. states and municipalities and other.

(d)

Long-term debt, other borrowed funds and deposits include structured notes issued by the Firm that are predominantly financial instruments containing embedded derivatives. The estimation of the fair value of structured notes is predominantly based on the derivative features embedded within the instruments. The significant unobservable inputs are broadly consistent with those presented for derivative receivables.


(e)	The parameters are related to residential mortgage-backed securities.

Changes in and ranges of unobservable inputs

For a discussion of the impact on fair value of changes in unobservable inputs and the relationships between unobservable inputs as well as a description of attributes of the underlying instruments and external market factors that affect the range of inputs used in the valuation of the Firm’s positions see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Changes in level 3 recurring fair value measurements

The following tables include a rollforward of the Consolidated balance sheets amounts (including changes in fair value) for financial instruments classified by the Firm within level 3 of the fair value hierarchy for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. When a determination is made to classify a financial instrument within level 3, the determination is based on the significance of the unobservable parameters to the overall fair value measurement. However, level 3 financial

instruments typically include, in addition to the unobservable or level 3 components, observable components (that is, components that are actively quoted and can be validated to external sources); accordingly, the gains and losses in the table below include changes in fair value due in part to observable factors that are part of the valuation methodology. Also, the Firm risk-manages the observable components of level 3 financial instruments using securities and derivative positions that are classified within level 1 or 2 of the fair value hierarchy; as these level 1 and level 2 risk management instruments are not included below, the gains or losses in the following tables do not reflect the effect of the Firm’s risk management activities related to such level 3 instruments.



	Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
Three months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Fair value at April 1, 2016			Total realized/unrealized gains/(losses)														Transfers into and/or out of level 3⁽ⁱ⁾			Fair value at June 30, 2016				Change in unrealized gains/(losses) related to financial instruments held at June 30, 2016
								Purchases^(g)		Sales					Settlements^(h)
Assets:
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	$	4		$	—			$	—	$	—				$	—		$	(4	)		$	—		$	—
Trading assets:
Debt instruments:
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies	650			(24		)		1		(50		)			(28		)	(76		)		473			(27		)
Residential – nonagency	186			(1		)		143		(148		)			(6		)	26				200			(1		)
Commercial – nonagency	195			(1		)		15		(23		)			—			(156		)		30			(2		)
Total mortgage-backed securities	1,031			(26		)		159		(221		)			(34		)	(206		)		703			(30		)
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	620			4				—		(41		)			(32		)	—				551			4
Non-U.S. government debt securities	40			(8		)		25		(19		)			—			(1		)		37			(5		)
Corporate debt securities	654			(54		)		80		(89		)			(68		)	(7		)		516			(50		)
Loans	6,776			(217		)		421		(733		)			(338		)	107				6,016			(234		)
Asset-backed securities	1,190			16				255		(334		)			(42		)	(126		)		959			4
Total debt instruments	10,311			(285		)		940		(1,437		)			(514		)	(233		)		8,782			(311		)
Equity securities	279			(9		)		2		(24		)			(3		)	1				246			(6		)
Other	723			(37		)		169		(144		)			(29		)	(12		)		670			(36		)
Total trading assets – debt and equity instruments	11,313			(331		)	^(c)	1,111		(1,605		)			(546		)	(244		)		9,698			(353		)	^(c)
Net derivative receivables:^(a)
Interest rate	846			334				62		(12		)			(180		)	57				1,107			190
Credit	402			(202		)		—		(1		)			48			32				279			(76		)
Foreign exchange	(1,032		)	53				58		(103		)			(158		)	(23		)		(1,205		)	75
Equity	(2,055		)	(12		)		72		(215		)			(5		)	323				(1,892		)	9
Commodity	(952		)	235				—		18					(29		)	9				(719		)	291
Total net derivative receivables	(2,791		)	408			^(c)	192		(313		)			(324		)	398				(2,430		)	489			^(c)
Available-for-sale securities:
Asset-backed securities	809			7				—		—					(7		)	—				809			7
Other	1			—				—		—					—			—				1			—
Total available-for-sale securities	810			7			^(d)	—		—					(7		)	—				810			7			^(d)
Loans	1,009			(36		)	^(c)	184		—					(372		)	—				785			(16		)	^(c)
Mortgage servicing rights	5,658			(457		)	^(e)	113		(3		)			(239		)	—				5,072			(457		)	^(e)
Other assets:
Private equity investments	1,644			25			^(c)	427		(411		)			(29		)	—				1,656			(29		)	^(c)
All other	707			89			^(f)	30		(11		)			(102		)	—				713			82			^(f)

	Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
Three months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Fair value at April 1, 2016			Total realized/unrealized (gains)/losses														Transfers into and/or out of level 3⁽ⁱ⁾			Fair value at June 30, 2016				Change in unrealized (gains)/losses related to financial instruments held at June 30, 2016
								Purchases		Sales			Issuances		Settlements^(h)
Liabilities:^(b)
Deposits	$	2,419		$	33		^(c)	$	—	$	—		$	317	$	(168	)	$	(192	)		$	2,409		$	40		^(c)
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	6			—				—		—			—		(2		)	(4		)		—			—
Other borrowed funds	568			(31		)	^(c)	—		—			515		(170		)	25				907			(12		)	^(c)
Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments	52			(3		)	^(c)	—		17			—		(12		)	3				57			(1		)	^(c)
Accounts payable and other liabilities	16			—				—		—			—		(1		)	—				15			—
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	649			(30		)	^(c)	—		—			—		(35		)	—				584			(30		)	^(c)
Long-term debt	12,587			(47		)	^(c)	—		—			2,714		(1,498		)	(609		)		13,147			186			^(c)



	Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
Three months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Fair value at Apr 1, 2015			Total realized/unrealized gains/(losses)															Transfers into and/or out of level 3⁽ⁱ⁾			Fair value at June 30, 2015				Change in unrealized gains/(losses) related to financial instruments held at June 30, 2015
								Purchases^(g)			Sales					Settlements^(h)
Assets:
Trading assets:
Debt instruments:
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies	$	888		$	91			$	108		$	(148	)			$	(34	)	$	(4	)		$	901		$	84
Residential – nonagency	449			54				25			(116		)			(4		)	(285		)		123			28
Commercial – nonagency	211			2				98			(49		)			(6		)	(118		)		138			(2		)
Total mortgage-backed securities	1,548			147				231			(313		)			(44		)	(407		)		1,162			110
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	1,331			3				47			(39		)			(2		)	(93		)		1,247			3
Non-U.S. government debt securities	180			8				54			(20		)			(11		)	(3		)		208			16
Corporate debt securities	2,759			5				288			(313		)			57			(1,853		)		943			10
Loans	10,763			294				1,160			(1,152		)			(350		)	(1,152		)		9,563			264
Asset-backed securities	1,233			21				737			(371		)			(26		)	(55		)		1,539			15
Total debt instruments	17,814			478				2,517			(2,208		)			(376		)	(3,563		)		14,662			418
Equity securities	317			8				21			(13		)			(14		)	(9		)		310			9
Other	1,041			80				450			(451		)			(137		)	(14		)		969			(3		)
Total trading assets – debt and equity instruments	19,172			566			^(c)	2,988			(2,672		)			(527		)	(3,586		)		15,941			424			^(c)
Net derivative receivables:^(a)
Interest rate	650			351				133			(84		)			(98		)	(93		)		859			309
Credit	275			17				1			(1		)			107			33				432			22
Foreign exchange	707			118				8			(8		)			(187		)	(233		)		405			245
Equity	(2,745		)	801				216			(383		)			93			170				(1,848		)	621
Commodity	(735		)	129				—			—					47			(35		)		(594		)	180
Total net derivative receivables	(1,848		)	1,416			^(c)	358			(476		)			(38		)	(158		)		(746		)	1,377			^(c)
Available-for-sale securities:
Asset-backed securities	881			2				—			—					(21		)	—				862			2
Other	122			—				—			—					(10		)	(99		)		13			—
Total available-for-sale securities	1,003			2			^(d)	—			—					(31		)	(99		)		875			2			^(d)
Loans	2,222			85			^(c)	297			—					(309		)	—				2,295			83			^(c)
Mortgage servicing rights	6,641			794			^(e)	583			(218		)			(229		)	—				7,571			794			^(e)
Other assets:
Private equity investments^(j)	2,073			11			^(c)	7			(27		)			(54		)	(23		)		1,987			(14		)	^(c)
All other^(j)	890			12			^(f)	11			(57		)			(17		)	—				839			3			^(f)

	Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
Three months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Fair value at Apr 1, 2015			Total realized/unrealized (gains)/losses															Transfers into and/or out of level 3⁽ⁱ⁾			Fair value at June 30, 2015				Change in unrealized (gains)/losses related to financial instruments held at June 30, 2015
								Purchases			Sales			Issuances		Settlements^(h)
Liabilities:^(b)
Deposits	$	3,340		$	(156	)	^(c)	$	—		$	—		$	673	$	(30	)	$	(299	)		$	3,528		$	(139	)	^(c)
Other borrowed funds^(j)	1,116			(4		)	^(c)	—			—			1,274		(1,161		)	36				1,261			38			^(c)
Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments	82			2			^(c)	(23		)	21			—		(5		)	(5		)		72			2			^(c)
Accounts payable and other liabilities	23			—				—			—			—		—			—				23			—
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs^(j)	1,023			36			^(c)	—			—			284		(203		)	—				1,140			26			^(c)
Long-term debt	12,003			(92		)	^(c)	—			—			2,546		(1,774		)	(94		)		12,589			19			^(c)



	Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
Six months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Fair value at January 1, 2016			Total realized/unrealized gains/(losses)														Transfers into and/or out of level 3⁽ⁱ⁾			Fair value at June 30, 2016				Change in unrealized gains/(losses) related to financial instruments held at June 30, 2016
								Purchases^(g)		Sales					Settlements^(h)
Assets:
Trading assets:
Debt instruments:
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies	$	715		$	(74	)		$	129	$	(208	)			$	(58	)	$	(31	)		$	473		$	(78	)
Residential – nonagency	194			(1		)		177		(184		)			(11		)	25				200			(6		)
Commercial – nonagency	115			(6		)		65		(28		)			—			(116		)		30			(2		)
Total mortgage-backed securities	1,024			(81		)		371		(420		)			(69		)	(122		)		703			(86		)
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	651			9				36		(107		)			(38		)	—				551			9
Non-U.S. government debt securities	74			2				29		(51		)			—			(17		)		37			(14		)
Corporate debt securities	736			(32		)		159		(144		)			(125		)	(78		)		516			(1		)
Loans	6,604			(188		)		865		(1,144		)			(642		)	521				6,016			(195		)
Asset-backed securities	1,832			17				432		(470		)			(917		)	65				959			3
Total debt instruments	10,921			(273		)		1,892		(2,336		)			(1,791		)	369				8,782			(284		)
Equity securities	265			(3		)		33		(33		)			(22		)	6				246			17
Other	744			(46		)		353		(287		)			(35		)	(59		)		670			(12		)
Total trading assets – debt and equity instruments	11,930			(322		)	^(c)	2,278		(2,656		)			(1,848		)	316				9,698			(279		)	^(c)
Net derivative receivables:^(a)
Interest rate	876			540				106		(20		)			(442		)	47				1,107			153
Credit	549			(448		)		—		(2		)			117			63				279			(402		)
Foreign exchange	(725		)	(194		)		58		(118		)			(200		)	(26		)		(1,205		)	(72		)
Equity	(1,514		)	(364		)		142		(322		)			73			93				(1,892		)	(3		)
Commodity	(935		)	227				—		18					(40		)	11				(719		)	230
Total net derivative receivables	(1,749		)	(239		)	^(c)	306		(444		)			(492		)	188				(2,430		)	(94		)	^(c)
Available-for-sale securities:
Asset-backed securities	823			(1		)		—		—					(13		)	—				809			(14		)
Other	1			—				—		—					—			—				1			—
Total available-for-sale securities	824			(1		)	^(d)	—		—					(13		)	—				810			(14		)	^(d)
Loans	1,518			(14		)	^(c)	184		—					(590		)	(313		)		785			(16		)	^(c)
Mortgage servicing rights	6,608			(1,209		)	^(e)	220		(67		)			(480		)	—				5,072			(1,209		)	^(e)
Other assets:
Private equity investments	1,657			70			^(c)	441		(427		)			(85		)	—				1,656			8			^(c)
All other	744			76			^(f)	30		(11		)			(126		)	—				713			(30		)	^(f)

	Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
Six months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Fair value at January 1, 2016			Total realized/unrealized (gains)/losses														Transfers into and/or out of level 3⁽ⁱ⁾			Fair value at June 30, 2016				Change in unrealized (gains)/ losses related to financial instruments held at June 30, 2016
								Purchases		Sales			Issuances		Settlements^(h)
Liabilities:^(b)
Deposits	$	2,950		$	75		^(c)	^—		$	—		$	483	$	(677	)	$	(422	)		$	2,409		$	318		^(c)
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	—			—				^—		—			—		(2		)	2				—			—
Other borrowed funds	639			(156		)	^(c)	^—		—			772		(369		)	21				907			4			^(c)
Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments	63			(7		)	^(c)	^—		18			—		(15		)	(2		)		57			—
Accounts payable and other liabilities	19			—				^—		—			—		(4		)	—				15			—
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	549			(22		)	^(c)	^—		—			143		(86		)	—				584			(35		)	^(c)
Long-term debt	11,613			392			^(c)	^—		—			4,875		(2,895		)	(838		)		13,147			1,154			^(c)



	Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
Six months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Fair value at January 1, 2015			Total realized/unrealized gains/(losses)															Transfers into and/or out of level 3⁽ⁱ⁾			Fair value at June 30, 2015				Change in unrealized gains/(losses) related to financial instruments held at June 30, 2015
								Purchases^(g)			Sales					Settlements^(h)
Assets:
Trading assets:
Debt instruments:
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies	$	922		$	38			$	182		$	(165	)			$	(74	)	$	(2	)		$	901		$	40
Residential – nonagency	663			44				177			(463		)			(10		)	(288		)		123			26
Commercial – nonagency	306			(9		)		180			(200		)			(14		)	(125		)		138			(6		)
Total mortgage-backed securities	1,891			73				539			(828		)			(98		)	(415		)		1,162			60
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	1,273			13				191			(110		)			(27		)	(93		)		1,247			12
Non-U.S. government debt securities	302			9				155			(112		)			(42		)	(104		)		208			19
Corporate debt securities	2,989			(50		)		821			(809		)			(35		)	(1,973		)		943			18
Loans	13,287			9				1,896			(3,149		)			(819		)	(1,661		)		9,563			(67		)
Asset-backed securities	1,264			(16		)		1,296			(892		)			6			(119		)		1,539			(14		)
Total debt instruments	21,006			38				4,898			(5,900		)			(1,015		)	(4,365		)		14,662			28
Equity securities	431			46				50			(123		)			(17		)	(77		)		310			51
Other	1,052			88				1,111			(1,035		)			(216		)	(31		)		969			14
Total trading assets – debt and equity instruments	22,489			172			^(c)	6,059			(7,058		)			(1,248		)	(4,473		)		15,941			93			^(c)
Net derivative receivables:^(a)
Interest rate	626			493				442			(158		)			(353		)	(191		)		859			541
Credit	189			94				10			(4		)			126			17				432			195
Foreign exchange	(526		)	945				13			(11		)			14			(30		)		405			551
Equity	(1,785		)	325				424			(672		)			(262		)	122				(1,848		)	137
Commodity	(565		)	89				—			—					(51		)	(67		)		(594		)	(101		)
Total net derivative receivables	(2,061		)	1,946			^(c)	889			(845		)			(526		)	(149		)		(746		)	1,323			^(c)
Available-for-sale securities:	—
Asset-backed securities	908			(7		)		49			(43		)			(45		)	—				862			(2		)
Other	129			—				—			—					(17		)	(99		)		13			—
Total available-for-sale securities	1,037			(7		)	^(d)	49			(43		)			(62		)	(99		)		875			(2		)	^(d)
Loans	2,541			(120		)	^(c)	417			(83		)			(460		)	—				2,295			(118		)	^(c)
Mortgage servicing rights	7,436			215			^(e)	739			(375		)			(444		)	—				7,571			215			^(e)
Other assets:
Private equity investments^(j)	2,225			46			^(c)	7			(27		)			(115		)	(149		)		1,987			(16		)	^(c)
All other^(j)	959			11			^(f)	66			(144		)			(53		)	—				839			(16		)	^(f)

	Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs
Six months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Fair value at January 1, 2015			Total realized/unrealized (gains)/losses															Transfers into and/or out of level 3⁽ⁱ⁾			Fair value at June 30, 2015				Change in unrealized (gains)/losses related to financial instruments held at June 30, 2015
								Purchases			Sales			Issuances		Settlements^(h)
Liabilities:^(b)
Deposits	$	2,859		$	(64	)	^(c)	$	—		$	—		$	1,448	$	(145	)	$	(570	)		$	3,528		$	7		^(c)
Other borrowed funds^(j)	1,453			(123		)	^(c)	—			—			2,322		(2,142		)	(249		)		1,261			(122		)	^(c)
Trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments	72			5			^(c)	(131		)	147			—		(14		)	(7		)		72			8			^(c)
Accounts payable and other liabilities	26			—				—			—			—		(3		)	—				23			—
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs^(j)	1,146			(17		)	^(c)	—			—			286		(275		)	—				1,140			—
Long-term debt^(j)	11,877			(197		)	^(c)	—			—			5,383		(4,157		)	(317		)		12,589			(37		)	^(c)


(a)	All level 3 derivatives are presented on a net basis, irrespective of the underlying counterparty.


(b)	Level 3 liabilities as a percentage of total Firm liabilities accounted for at fair value (including liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis) were 12% at June 30, 2016 and 13% at December 31, 2015.


(c)	Predominantly reported in principal transactions revenue, except for changes in fair value for Consumer & Community Banking mortgage loans and lending-related commitments originated with the intent to sell, and mortgage loan purchase commitments, which are reported in mortgage fees and related income.

(d)

Realized gains/(losses) on AFS securities, as well as other-than-temporary impairment losses that are recorded in earnings, are reported in securities gains. Unrealized gains/(losses) are reported in OCI. Realized gains/(losses) and foreign exchange hedge accounting adjustments recorded in income on AFS securities were zero for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and zero and $(7) million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Unrealized gains/(losses) recorded on AFS securities in OCI were $7 million and $2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $(2) million and zero for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(e)	Changes in fair value for CCB mortgage servicing rights are reported in mortgage fees and related income.


(f)	Predominantly reported in other income.


(g)	Loan originations are included in purchases.


(h)	Includes financial assets and liabilities that have matured, been partially or fully repaid, impacts of modifications, and deconsolidations associated with beneficial interests in VIEs.


(i)	All transfers into and/or out of level 3 are assumed to occur at the beginning of the quarterly reporting period in which they occur.


(j)	Certain prior period amounts have been revised to conform with the current period presentation. The revision had no impact on the Firm’s Consolidated balance sheets or its results of operations.

Level 3 analysis

Consolidated balance sheets changes

Level 3 assets (including assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis) were 1.1% of total Firm assets at June 30, 2016. The following describes significant changes to level 3 assets since December 31, 2015, for those items measured at fair value on a recurring basis. For further information on changes impacting items measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, see Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis on page 97.

Three months ended June 30, 2016

Level 3 assets were $26.1 billion at June 30, 2016, reflecting a decrease of $2.4 billion from March 31, 2016 due to the following:


•	$1.6 billion decrease in trading assets - debt and equity instruments largely driven by lower levels of loans and asset-backed securities due to sales.

Six months ended June 30, 2016

Level 3 assets at June 30, 2016 decreased by $5.2 billion from December 31, 2015, largely due to the following:


•	$2.8 billion decrease in trading assets driven by lower levels of credit derivatives, largely due to transfers from level 3 into level 2 as a result of an increase in observability of valuation inputs, asset-backed securities due to settlements and loan sales.


•	$1.5 billion decrease in the fair value of MSRs. For further details see Note 16

Gains and losses

The following describes significant components of total realized/unrealized gains/(losses) for instruments measured at fair value on a recurring basis for the periods indicated. For further information on these instruments, see Changes in level 3 recurring fair value measurements rollforward tables on pages 92–96.

Three months ended June 30, 2016


•	$295 million of net losses on assets and $78 million of net gains on liabilities, none of which were individually significant.

Three months ended June 30, 2015


•	$1.4 billion of gains on derivatives, largely driven by equity derivatives due to market movements.

Six months ended June 30, 2016


•	$1.6 billion of net losses on assets largely driven by $1.2 billion loss on MSRs. For further details see

Note 16.

Six months ended June 30, 2015


•	$2.0 billion of gains on derivatives, largely driven by foreign exchange and interest rate derivatives due to market movements.

Credit & funding adjustments — derivatives

Derivatives are generally valued using models that use as their basis observable market parameters. These market parameters generally do not consider factors such as counterparty nonperformance risk, the Firm’s own credit quality, and funding costs. Therefore, it is generally necessary to make adjustments to the base estimate of fair value to reflect these factors.

CVA represent the adjustment, relative to the relevant benchmark interest rate, necessary to reflect counterparty nonperformance risk. The Firm estimates CVA using a scenario analysis to estimate the expected credit exposure across all of the Firm’s positions with each counterparty, and then estimates losses as a result of a counterparty credit event. The key inputs to this methodology are (i) the expected positive exposure to each counterparty based on a simulation that assumes the current population of existing derivatives with each counterparty remains unchanged and considers contractual factors designed to mitigate the Firm’s credit exposure, such as collateral and legal rights of offset; (ii) the probability of a default event occurring for each counterparty, as derived from observed or estimated credit default swaps (“CDS”) spreads; and (iii) estimated recovery rates implied by CDS spreads, adjusted to consider the differences in recovery rates as a derivative creditor relative to those reflected in CDS spreads, which generally reflect senior unsecured creditor risk.

Debit valuation adjustments represent the adjustment, relative to the relevant benchmark interest rate, necessary to reflect the credit quality of the Firm. The derivative DVA calculation methodology is generally consistent with the CVA methodology described above and incorporates JPMorgan Chase’s credit spread as observed through the CDS market to estimate the probability of default and loss given default as a result of a systemic event affecting

the Firm.

FVA represent the adjustment to reflect the impact of funding and is recognized where there is evidence that a market participant in the principal market would incorporate it in a transfer of the instrument. The Firm’s FVA framework, applied to uncollateralized (including partially collateralized) over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives, leverages its existing CVA and DVA calculation methodologies, and considers the fact that the Firm’s own credit risk is a significant component of funding costs.

The key inputs to FVA are: (i) the expected funding requirements arising from the Firm’s positions with each counterparty and collateral arrangements; (ii) for assets, the estimated market funding cost in the principal market; and (iii) for liabilities, the hypothetical market funding cost for a transfer to a market participant with a similar credit standing as the Firm. For collateralized derivatives, the fair value is estimated by discounting expected future cash flows at the relevant overnight indexed swap rate given the underlying collateral agreement with the counterparty, and therefore a separate FVA is not necessary.

The following table provides the impact of credit and funding adjustments on principal transactions revenue in the respective periods, excluding the effect of any associated hedging activities. The DVA and FVA reported below include the impact of the Firm’s own credit quality on the inception value of liabilities as well as the impact of changes in the Firm’s own credit quality over time.



	Three months ended June 30,					Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015		2016			2015
Credit adjustments:
Derivatives CVA	$	(168	)	$	341	$	(756	)	$	522
Derivatives DVA and FVA	43			204		(123		)	63

Valuation adjustments on fair value option elected liabilities

The valuation of the Firm’s liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected requires consideration of the Firm’s own credit risk. DVA on fair value option elected liabilities is measured using (i) the current fair value of the liability and (ii) changes (subsequent to the issuance of the liability) in the Firm’s probability of default and loss given default, which are estimated based on changes in the Firm’s credit spread observed in the bond market. Effective January 1, 2016, the effect of DVA on fair value option elected liabilities is recognized in OCI. See Note 19 for further information.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis

At June 30, 2016 and 2015, assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis were $750 million and $2.0 billion, respectively, which predominantly consisted of loans that had fair value adjustments in the first six months of both 2016 and 2015. At June 30, 2016, $291 million and $459 million of these loans were classified in levels 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy, respectively. At June 30, 2015, $94 million and $1.9 billion of these loans were classified in levels 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy, respectively. Liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis were not significant at June 30, 2016 and 2015. For the six months ended June 30, 2016 there were no significant transfers between levels 1, 2 and 3 related to assets held at the balance sheet date.

Of the $459 million of level 3 assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis as of June 30, 2016:

•

$271 million related to residential real estate loans measured at the net realizable value of the underlying collateral (i.e., collateral-dependent loans and other loans charged off in accordance with regulatory guidance). These amounts are classified as level 3 as they are valued using a broker’s price opinion and discounted based upon the Firm’s experience with actual liquidation values. These discounts to the broker price opinions ranged from 8% to 52%, with a weighted average of 22%.

The total change in the recorded value of assets and liabilities for which a fair value adjustment has been included in the Consolidated statements of income for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, related to financial instruments held at those dates, was a loss of $76 million and $114 million, respectively and for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, was a loss of $130 million and $183 million, respectively.

For information about the measurement of impaired collateral-dependent loans, and other loans where the carrying value is based on the fair value of the underlying collateral (e.g., residential mortgage loans charged off in accordance with regulatory guidance), see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Additional disclosures about the fair value of financial instruments that are not carried on the Consolidated balance sheets at fair value

The following table presents the carrying values and estimated fair values at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, of financial assets and liabilities, excluding financial instruments which are carried at fair value on a recurring basis, and their classification within the fair value hierarchy. For additional information regarding the financial instruments within the scope of this disclosure, and the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate their fair value, see Note 3 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



	June 30, 2016										December 31, 2015
			Estimated fair value hierarchy										Estimated fair value hierarchy
(in billions)	Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total estimated fair value		Carrying value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total estimated fair value
Financial assets
Cash and due from banks	$	19.7	$	19.7	$	—	$	—	$	19.7	$	20.5	$	20.5	$	—	$	—	$	20.5
Deposits with banks	345.6		340.4		5.2		—		345.6		340.0		335.9		4.1		—		340.0
Accrued interest and accounts receivable	64.9		—		64.8		0.1		64.9		46.6		—		46.4		0.2		46.6
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	214.0		—		213.7		0.3		214.0		189.5		—		189.5		—		189.5
Securities borrowed	103.2		—		103.2		—		103.2		98.3		—		98.3		—		98.3
Securities, held-to-maturity^(a)	53.8		—		56.8		—		56.8		49.1		—		50.6		—		50.6
Loans, net of allowance for loan losses^(b)	856.7		—		26.7		835.3		862.0		820.8		—		25.4		802.7		828.1
Other	71.1		0.2		60.7		14.4		75.3		66.0		0.1		56.3		14.3		70.7
Financial liabilities
Deposits	$	1,318.7	$	—	$	1,318.6	$	0.1	$	1,318.7	$	1,267.2	$	—	$	1,266.1	$	1.2	$	1,267.3
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	164.3		—		164.3		—		164.3		149.2		—		149.2		—		149.2
Commercial paper	17.3		—		17.3		—		17.3		15.6		—		15.6		—		15.6
Other borrowed funds	10.0		—		10.0		—		10.0		11.2		—		11.2		—		11.2
Accounts payable and other liabilities	155.3		—		152.3		2.7		155.0		144.6		—		141.7		2.8		144.5
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs^(c)	39.6		—		39.8		—		39.8		41.1		—		40.2		0.9		41.1
Long-term debt and junior subordinated deferrable interest debentures^(d)	259.1		—		264.5		4.5		269.0		255.6		—		257.4		4.3		261.7


(a)	Carrying value reflects unamortized discount or premium.

(b)

Fair value is typically estimated using a discounted cash flow model that incorporates the characteristics of the underlying loans (including principal, contractual interest rate and contractual fees) and other key inputs, including expected lifetime credit losses, interest rates, prepayment rates, and primary origination or secondary market spreads. For certain loans, the fair value is measured based on the value of the underlying collateral. The difference between the estimated fair value and carrying value of a financial asset or liability is the result of the different methodologies used to determine fair value as compared with carrying value. For example, credit losses are estimated for a financial asset’s remaining life in a fair value calculation but are estimated for a loss emergence period in the allowance for loan loss calculation; future loan income (interest and fees) is incorporated in a fair value calculation but is generally not considered in the allowance for loan losses. For a further discussion of the Firm’s methodologies for estimating the fair value of loans and lending-related commitments, see Valuation hierarchy on pages 185–188 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.


(c)	Carrying value reflects unamortized issuance costs.


(d)	Carrying value reflects unamortized premiums and discounts, issuance costs, and other valuation adjustments.

The majority of the Firm’s lending-related commitments are not carried at fair value on a recurring basis on the Consolidated balance sheets, nor are they actively traded. The carrying value of the allowance and the estimated fair value of the Firm’s wholesale lending-related commitments were as follows for the periods indicated.



	June 30, 2016										December 31, 2015
			Estimated fair value hierarchy										Estimated fair value hierarchy
(in billions)	Carrying value^(a)		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total estimated fair value		Carrying value^(a)		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total estimated fair value
Wholesale lending-related commitments	$	0.9	$	—	$	—	$	2.6	$	2.6	$	0.8	$	—	$	—	$	3.0	$	3.0


(a)	Excludes the current carrying values of the guarantee liability and the offsetting asset, each of which are recognized at fair value at the inception of guarantees.

The Firm does not estimate the fair value of consumer lending-related commitments. In many cases, the Firm can reduce or cancel these commitments by providing the borrower notice or, in some cases as permitted by law, without notice. For a further discussion of the valuation of lending-related commitments, see page 186 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Note 4 – Fair value option

For a discussion of the primary financial instruments for which the fair value option was elected, including the basis for those elections and the determination of instrument-specific credit risk, where relevant, see Note 4 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Changes in fair value under the fair value option election

The following tables presents the changes in fair value included in the Consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, for items for which the fair value option was elected. The profit and loss information presented below only includes the financial instruments that were elected to be measured at fair value; related risk management instruments, which are required to be measured at fair value, are not included in the table.



	Three months ended June 30,
	2016									2015
(in millions)	Principal transactions			All other income			Total changes in fair value recorded			Principal transactions			All other income			Total changes in fair value recorded
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements^(a)	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	(99	)	$	—		$	(99	)
Securities borrowed^(a)	3			—			3			(2		)	—			(2		)
Trading assets:
Debt and equity instruments, excluding loans	(141		)	1			(140		)	139			1			140
Loans reported as trading assets^(b):
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk	34			16		^(e)	50			59			10		^(e)	69
Other changes in fair value	70			206		^(e)	276			(15		)	100		^(e)	85
Loans^(b):
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk	—			—			—			—			—			—
Other changes in fair value	(3		)	—			(3		)	—			—			—
Other assets	2			102		^(f)	104			2			3		^(f)	5
Deposits^(c)	(226		)	—			(226		)	162			—			162
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements^(a)	(3		)	—			(3		)	18			—			18
Other borrowed funds^(c)	(529		)	—			(529		)	115			—			115
Trading liabilities	(2		)	—			(2		)	(12		)	—			(12		)
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	16			—			16			26			—			26
Other liabilities	—			—			—			—			—			—
Long-term debt:
DVA on fair value option elected liabilities^(c)	—			—			—			209			—			209
Other changes in fair value^(d)	(600		)	—			(600		)	728			—			728



	Six months ended June 30,
	2016									2015
(in millions)	Principal transactions			All other income			Total changes in fair value recorded			Principal transactions			All other income			Total changes in fair value recorded
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements^(a)	$	68		$	—		$	68		$	(26	)	$	—		$	(26	)
Securities borrowed^(a)	1			—			1			(4		)	—			(4		)
Trading assets:
Debt and equity instruments, excluding loans	(113		)	—			(113		)	519			1			520
Loans reported as trading assets^(b):
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk	98			14		^(e)	112			211			13		^(e)	224
Other changes in fair value	186			523		^(e)	709			112			380		^(e)	492
Loans^(b):
Changes in instrument-specific credit risk	13			—			13			1			—			1
Other changes in fair value	4			—			4			—			—			—
Other assets	14			82		^(f)	96			62			9		^(f)	71
Deposits^(c)	(569		)	—			(569		)	37			—			37
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements^(a)	(20		)	—			(20		)	9			—			9
Other borrowed funds^(c)	(1		)	—			(1		)	106			—			106
Trading liabilities	2			—			2			(14		)	—			(14		)
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	23			—			23			44			—			44
Other liabilities	—			—			—			—			—			—
Long-term debt:
DVA on fair value option elected liabilities^(c)	—			—			—			325			—			325
Other changes in fair value^(d)	(918		)	—			(918		)	350			—			350

(a)

Resale and repurchase agreements, securities borrowed agreements and securities lending agreements: Generally, for these types of agreements, there is a requirement that collateral be maintained with a market value equal to or in excess of the principal amount loaned; as a result, there would be no adjustment or an immaterial adjustment for instrument-specific credit risk related to these agreements.

(b)

Loans and lending-related commitments: For floating-rate instruments, all changes in value are attributed to instrument-specific credit risk. For fixed-rate instruments, an allocation of the changes in value for the period is made between those changes in value that are interest rate-related and changes in value that are credit-related. Allocations are generally based on an analysis of borrower-specific credit spread and recovery information, where available, or benchmarking to similar entities or industries.

(c)

Effective January 1, 2016, unrealized gains/(losses) due to instrument-specific credit risk (DVA) for liabilities for which the fair value option has been elected is recorded in other comprehensive income, while realized gains (losses) are recorded in principal transactions revenue. DVA for the three months ended March 31, 2015 was included in principal transactions revenue. See Notes 3 and 19 for further information. The amounts presented for the three months ended March 31, 2015 include the impact of the Firm’s own credit quality on the inception value of liabilities as well as the impact of changes in the Firm’s own credit quality subsequent to issuance.

(d)

Long-term debt measured at fair value predominantly relate to structured notes containing embedded derivatives. Where present, the embedded derivative is the primary driver of risk. Although the risk associated with the structured notes is actively managed, the gains/(losses) reported in this table do not include the income statement impact of the risk management instruments used to manage such risk.


(e)	Reported in mortgage fees and related income.


(f)	Reported in other income.

100

Difference between aggregate fair value and aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding

The following table reflects the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate remaining contractual principal balance outstanding as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, for loans, long-term debt and long-term beneficial interests for which the fair value option has been elected.



	June 30, 2016								December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Contractual principal outstanding			Fair value		Fair value over/(under) contractual principal outstanding			Contractual principal outstanding			Fair value		Fair value over/(under) contractual principal outstanding
Loans^(a)
Nonaccrual loans
Loans reported as trading assets	$	3,432		$	819	$	(2,613	)	$	3,484		$	631	$	(2,853	)
Loans	7			7		—			7			7		—
Subtotal	3,439			826		(2,613		)	3,491			638		(2,853		)
All other performing loans
Loans reported as trading assets	32,923			30,767		(2,156		)	30,780			28,184		(2,596		)
Loans	1,814			1,808		(6		)	2,771			2,752		(19		)
Total loans	$	38,176		$	33,401	$	(4,775	)	$	37,042		$	31,574	$	(5,468	)
Long-term debt
Principal-protected debt	$	20,080	^(c)	$	18,602	$	(1,478	)	$	17,910	^(c)	$	16,611	$	(1,299	)
Nonprincipal-protected debt^(b)	NA			17,884		NA			NA			16,454		NA
Total long-term debt	NA			$	36,486	NA			NA			$	33,065	NA
Long-term beneficial interests
Nonprincipal-protected debt	NA			$	586	NA			NA			$	787	NA
Total long-term beneficial interests	NA			$	586	NA			NA			$	787	NA


(a)	There were no performing loans that were ninety days or more past due as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

(b)

Remaining contractual principal is not applicable to nonprincipal-protected notes. Unlike principal-protected structured notes, for which the Firm is obligated to return a stated amount of principal at the maturity of the note, nonprincipal-protected structured notes do not obligate the Firm to return a stated amount of principal at maturity, but to return an amount based on the performance of an underlying variable or derivative feature embedded in the note. However, investors are exposed to the credit risk of the Firm as issuer for both nonprincipal-protected and principal protected notes.


(c)	Where the Firm issues principal-protected zero-coupon or discount notes, the balance reflects the contractual principal payment at maturity or, if applicable, the contractual principal payment at the Firm’s next call date.

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the contractual amount of letters of credit for which the fair value option was elected was $4.7 billion and $4.6 billion, respectively, with a corresponding fair value of $(95) million and $(94) million, respectively. For further information regarding off-balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, see Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report, and Note 21 of this Form 10-Q.

Structured note products by balance sheet classification and risk component

The table below presents the fair value of the structured notes issued by the Firm, by balance sheet classification and the primary risk type.



	June 30, 2016								December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Long-term debt		Other borrowed funds		Deposits		Total		Long-term debt		Other borrowed funds		Deposits		Total
Risk exposure
Interest rate	$	15,594	$	169	$	2,908	$	18,671	$	12,531	$	58	$	3,340	$	15,929
Credit	3,476		669		—		4,145		3,195		547		—		3,742
Foreign exchange	2,130		260		7		2,397		1,765		77		11		1,853
Equity	14,394		8,351		5,358		28,103		14,293		8,447		4,993		27,733
Commodity	646		37		1,584		2,267		640		50		1,981		2,671
Total structured notes	$	36,240	$	9,486	$	9,857	$	55,583	$	32,424	$	9,179	$	10,325	$	51,928

101

Note 5 – Derivative instruments

JPMorgan Chase makes markets in derivatives for clients and also uses derivatives to hedge or manage its own risk exposures. For a further discussion of the Firm’s use of and accounting policies regarding derivative instruments, see Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The Firm’s disclosures are based on the accounting treatment and purpose of these derivatives. A limited number of the Firm’s derivatives are designated in hedge

accounting relationships and are disclosed according to the type of hedge (fair value hedge, cash flow hedge, or net investment hedge). Derivatives not designated in hedge accounting relationships include certain derivatives that are used to manage certain risks associated with specified assets or liabilities (“specified risk management” positions) as well as derivatives used in the Firm’s market-making businesses or for other purposes.

The following table outlines the Firm’s primary uses of derivatives and the related hedge accounting designation or disclosure category.



Type of Derivative	Use of Derivative	Designation and disclosure	Affected segment or unit	10-Q page reference
Manage specifically identified risk exposures in qualifying hedge accounting relationships:
◦ Interest rate	Hedge fixed rate assets and liabilities	Fair value hedge	Corporate	108
◦ Interest rate	Hedge floating-rate assets and liabilities	Cash flow hedge	Corporate	109
◦ Foreign exchange	Hedge foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities	Fair value hedge	Corporate	108
◦ Foreign exchange	Hedge forecasted revenue and expense	Cash flow hedge	Corporate	109
◦ Foreign exchange	Hedge the value of the Firm’s investments in non-U.S. dollar functional currency entities	Net investment hedge	Corporate	110
◦ Commodity	Hedge commodity inventory	Fair value hedge	CIB	108
Manage specifically identified risk exposures not designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships:
◦ Interest rate	Manage the risk of the mortgage pipeline, warehouse loans and MSRs	Specified risk management	CCB	110
◦ Credit	Manage the credit risk of wholesale lending exposures	Specified risk management	CIB	110
◦ Commodity	Manage the risk of certain commodities-related contracts and investments	Specified risk management	CIB	110
◦ Interest rate and foreign exchange	Manage the risk of certain other specified assets and liabilities	Specified risk management	Corporate	110
Market-making derivatives and other activities:
◦ Various	Market-making and related risk management	Market-making and other	CIB	110
◦ Various	Other derivatives	Market-making and other	CIB, Corporate	110

102

Notional amount of derivative contracts

The following table summarizes the notional amount of derivative contracts outstanding as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.



	Notional amounts^(b)
(in billions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Interest rate contracts
Swaps	$	25,493	$	24,162
Futures and forwards	5,925		5,167
Written options	3,204		3,506
Purchased options	3,709		3,896
Total interest rate contracts	38,331		36,731
Credit derivatives^(a)	2,688		2,900
Foreign exchange contracts
Cross-currency swaps	3,462		3,199
Spot, futures and forwards	5,708		5,028
Written options	816		690
Purchased options	822		706
Total foreign exchange contracts	10,808		9,623
Equity contracts
Swaps	252		232
Futures and forwards	47		43
Written options	487		395
Purchased options	418		326
Total equity contracts	1,204		996
Commodity contracts
Swaps	82		83
Spot, futures and forwards	128		99
Written options	116		115
Purchased options	116		112
Total commodity contracts	442		409
Total derivative notional amounts	$	53,473	$	50,659


(a)	For more information on volumes and types of credit derivative contracts, see the Credit derivatives discussion on page 111.


(b)	Represents the sum of gross long and gross short third-party notional derivative contracts.

While the notional amounts disclosed above give an indication of the volume of the Firm’s derivatives activity, the notional amounts significantly exceed, in the Firm’s view, the possible losses that could arise from such transactions. For most derivative transactions, the notional amount is not exchanged; it is used simply as a reference to calculate payments.

103

Impact of derivatives on the Consolidated Balance Sheets

The following table summarizes information on derivative receivables and payables (before and after netting adjustments) that are reflected on the Firm’s Consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, by accounting designation (e.g., whether the derivatives were designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships or not) and contract type.



Free-standing derivative receivables and payables^(a)
	Gross derivative receivables								Gross derivative payables
June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Not designated as hedges		Designated as hedges		Total derivative receivables		Net derivative receivables^(b)		Not designated as hedges		Designated as hedges		Total derivative payables		Net derivative payables^(b)
Trading assets and liabilities
Interest rate	$	923,529	$	7,599	$	931,128	$	37,885	$	883,414	$	3,713	$	887,127	$	15,077
Credit	40,089		—		40,089		1,794		39,658		—		39,658		1,723
Foreign exchange	229,337		1,556		230,893		24,083		230,007		1,547		231,554		23,223
Equity	39,014		—		39,014		7,127		40,702		—		40,702		8,227
Commodity	21,661		131		21,792		7,557		23,060		160		23,220		9,514
Total fair value of trading assets and liabilities	$	1,253,630	$	9,286	$	1,262,916	$	78,446	$	1,216,841	$	5,420	$	1,222,261	$	57,764

	Gross derivative receivables								Gross derivative payables
December 31, 2015 (in millions)	Not designated as hedges		Designated as hedges		Total derivative receivables		Net derivative receivables^(b)		Not designated as hedges		Designated as hedges		Total derivative payables		Net derivative payables^(b)
Trading assets and liabilities
Interest rate	$	665,531	$	4,080	$	669,611	$	26,363	$	632,928	$	2,238	$	635,166	$	10,221
Credit	51,468		—		51,468		1,423		50,529		—		50,529		1,541
Foreign exchange	179,072		803		179,875		17,177		189,397		1,503		190,900		19,769
Equity	35,859		—		35,859		5,529		38,663		—		38,663		9,183
Commodity	23,713		1,352		25,065		9,185		27,653		1		27,654		12,076
Total fair value of trading assets and liabilities	$	955,643	$	6,235	$	961,878	$	59,677	$	939,170	$	3,742	$	942,912	$	52,790


(a)	Balances exclude structured notes for which the fair value option has been elected. See Note 4 for further information.


(b)	As permitted under U.S. GAAP, the Firm has elected to net derivative receivables and derivative payables and the related cash collateral receivables and payables when a legally enforceable master netting agreement exists.

104

Derivatives netting

The following tables present, as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, gross and net derivative receivables and payables by contract and settlement type. Derivative receivables and payables, as well as the related cash collateral from the same counterparty have been netted on the Consolidated balance sheets where the Firm has obtained an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement. Where such a legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained, amounts are not eligible for netting on the Consolidated balance sheets, and those derivative receivables and payables are shown separately in the tables below.

In addition to the cash collateral received and transferred that is presented on a net basis with derivative receivables and payables, the Firm receives and transfers additional collateral (financial instruments and cash). These amounts mitigate counterparty credit risk associated with the Firm’s derivative instruments, but are not eligible for net presentation:


•	collateral that consists of non-cash financial instruments (generally U.S. government and agency securities and other G7 government bonds) and cash collateral held at third party custodians, which are shown separately as “Collateral not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets” in the tables below, up to the fair value exposure amount.


•	the amount of collateral held or transferred that exceeds the fair value exposure at the individual counterparty level, as of the date presented, which is excluded from the tables below.


•	collateral held or transferred that relates to derivative receivables or payables where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained with respect to the master netting agreement, which is excluded from the tables below.



	June 30, 2016									December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Gross derivative receivables		Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets				Net derivative receivables			Gross derivative receivables		Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets				Net derivative receivables
U.S. GAAP nettable derivative receivables
Interest rate contracts:
OTC	$	523,664	$	(493,080	)		$	30,584		$	417,386	$	(396,506	)		$	20,880
OTC–cleared	400,405		(399,891		)		514			246,750		(246,742		)		8
Exchange-traded^(a)	282		(272		)		10			—		—				—
Total interest rate contracts	924,351		(893,243		)		31,108			664,136		(643,248		)		20,888
Credit contracts:
OTC	32,986		(31,700		)		1,286			44,082		(43,182		)		900
OTC–cleared	6,629		(6,595		)		34			6,866		(6,863		)		3
Total credit contracts	39,615		(38,295		)		1,320			50,948		(50,045		)		903
Foreign exchange contracts:
OTC	223,658		(206,356		)		17,302			175,060		(162,377		)		12,683
OTC–cleared	501		(406		)		95			323		(321		)		2
Exchange-traded^(a)	128		(48		)		80			—		—				—
Total foreign exchange contracts	224,287		(206,810		)		17,477			175,383		(162,698		)		12,685
Equity contracts:
OTC	21,473		(20,244		)		1,229			20,690		(20,439		)		251
OTC–cleared	—		—				—			—		—				—
Exchange-traded^(a)	15,840		(11,643		)		4,197			12,285		(9,891		)		2,394
Total equity contracts	37,313		(31,887		)		5,426			32,975		(30,330		)		2,645
Commodity contracts:
OTC	12,904		(6,092		)		6,812			15,001		(6,772		)		8,229
OTC–cleared	—		—				—			—		—				—
Exchange-traded^(a)	8,293		(8,143		)		150			9,199		(9,108		)		91
Total commodity contracts	21,197		(14,235		)		6,962			24,200		(15,880		)		8,320
Derivative receivables with appropriate legal opinion	1,246,763		(1,184,470		)	^(b)	62,293			947,642		(902,201		)	^(b)	45,441
Derivative receivables where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained	16,153						16,153			14,236						14,236
Total derivative receivables recognized on the Consolidated balance sheets	$	1,262,916					$	78,446		$	961,878					$	59,677
Collateral not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets^(c)(d)							(17,150		)							(13,543		)
Net amounts							$	61,296								$	46,134

105



	June 30, 2016									December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Gross derivative payables		Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets				Net derivative payables			Gross derivative payables		Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets				Net derivative payables
U.S. GAAP nettable derivative payables
Interest rate contracts:
OTC	$	492,414	$	(478,773	)		$	13,641		$	393,709	$	(384,576	)		$	9,133
OTC–cleared	393,503		(393,154		)		349			240,398		(240,369		)		29
Exchange-traded^(a)	160		(123		)		37			—		—				—
Total interest rate contracts	886,077		(872,050		)		14,027			634,107		(624,945		)		9,162
Credit contracts:
OTC	33,215		(31,778		)		1,437			44,379		(43,019		)		1,360
OTC–cleared	6,157		(6,157		)		—			5,969		(5,969		)		—
Total credit contracts	39,372		(37,935		)		1,437			50,348		(48,988		)		1,360
Foreign exchange contracts:
OTC	224,421		(207,922		)		16,499			185,178		(170,830		)		14,348
OTC–cleared	389		(389		)		—			301		(301		)		—
Exchange-traded^(a)	317		(20		)		297			—		—				—
Total foreign exchange contracts	225,127		(208,331		)		16,796			185,479		(171,131		)		14,348
Equity contracts:
OTC	25,715		(20,901		)		4,814			23,458		(19,589		)		3,869
OTC–cleared	—		—				—			—		—				—
Exchange-traded^(a)	12,094		(11,574		)		520			10,998		(9,891		)		1,107
Total equity contracts	37,809		(32,475		)		5,334			34,456		(29,480		)		4,976
Commodity contracts:
OTC	13,355		(5,318		)		8,037			16,953		(6,256		)		10,697
OTC–cleared	—		—				—			—		—				—
Exchange-traded^(a)	8,729		(8,388		)		341			9,374		(9,322		)		52
Total commodity contracts	22,084		(13,706		)		8,378			26,327		(15,578		)		10,749
Derivative payables with appropriate legal opinions	1,210,469		(1,164,497		)	^(b)	45,972			930,717		(890,122		)	^(b)	40,595
Derivative payables where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained	11,792						11,792			12,195						12,195
Total derivative payables recognized on the Consolidated balance sheets	$	1,222,261					$	57,764		$	942,912					$	52,790
Collateral not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets^(c)(d)(e)							(10,017		)							(7,957		)
Net amounts							$	47,747								$	44,833


(a)	Exchange-traded derivative balances that relate to futures contracts are settled daily.


(b)	Net derivatives receivable included cash collateral netted of $88.5 billion and $73.7 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively. Net derivatives payable included cash collateral netted of $68.5 billion and $61.6 billion related to OTC and OTC-cleared derivatives at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.


(c)	Excludes all collateral related to derivative instruments where an appropriate legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained.

(d)

Represents liquid security collateral as well as cash collateral held at third party custodians related to derivative instruments where an appropriate legal opinion has been obtained. For some counterparties, the collateral amounts of financial instruments may exceed the derivative receivables and derivative payables balances. Where this is the case, the total amount reported is limited to the net derivative receivables and net derivative payables balances with that counterparty.


(e)	Derivative payables collateral relates only to OTC and OTC-cleared derivative instruments. Amounts exclude collateral transferred related to exchange-traded derivative instruments.

106

Liquidity risk and credit-related contingent features

For a more detailed discussion of liquidity risk and credit-related contingent features related to the Firm’s derivative contracts, see Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following table shows the aggregate fair value of net derivative payables related to OTC and OTC-cleared derivatives that contain contingent collateral or termination features that may be triggered upon a ratings downgrade, and the associated collateral the Firm has posted in the normal course of business, at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.

The following table shows the impact of a single-notch and two-notch downgrade of the long-term issuer ratings of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its subsidiaries, predominantly JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association (“JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.”),

at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, related to OTC and OTC-cleared derivative contracts with contingent collateral or termination features that may be triggered upon a ratings downgrade. Derivatives contracts generally require additional collateral to be posted or terminations to be triggered when the predefined threshold rating is breached. A downgrade by a single rating agency that does not result in a rating lower than a preexisting corresponding rating provided by another major rating agency will generally not result in additional collateral, (except in certain instances in which additional initial margin may be required upon a ratings downgrade), nor in termination payments requirements. The liquidity impact in the table is calculated based upon a downgrade below the lowest current rating of the rating agencies referred to in the derivative contract.



Liquidity impact of downgrade triggers on OTC and OTC-cleared derivatives
	June 30, 2016				December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Single-notch downgrade		Two-notch downgrade		Single-notch downgrade		Two-notch downgrade
Amount of additional collateral to be posted upon downgrade^(a)	$	723	$	2,798	$	807	$	3,028
Amount required to settle contracts with termination triggers upon downgrade^(b)	255		858		271		1,093


(a)	Includes the additional collateral to be posted for initial margin.


(b)	Amounts represent fair values of derivative payables, and do not reflect collateral posted.

Derivatives executed in contemplation of a sale of the underlying financial asset

In certain instances the Firm enters into transactions in which it transfers financial assets but maintains the economic exposure to the transferred assets by entering into a derivative with the same counterparty in contemplation of the initial transfer. The Firm generally accounts for such transfers as collateralized financing transactions as described in Note 12, but in limited circumstances they may qualify to be accounted for as a sale and a derivative under U.S. GAAP. The amount of such transfers accounted for as a sale where the associated derivative was outstanding at June 30, 2016 was not material.

107

Impact of derivatives on the Consolidated statements of income

The following tables provide information related to gains and losses recorded on derivatives based on their hedge accounting designation or purpose.

Fair value hedge gains and losses

The following tables present derivative instruments, by contract type, used in fair value hedge accounting relationships, as well as pre-tax gains/(losses) recorded on such derivatives and the related hedged items for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.



	Gains/(losses) recorded in income									Income statement impact due to:
Three months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Derivatives			Hedged items			Total income statement impact			Hedge ineffectiveness^(d)			Excluded components^(e)
Contract type
Interest rate^(a)	$	903		$	(709	)	$	194		$	1		$	193
Foreign exchange^(b)	1,487			(1,472		)	15			—			15
Commodity^(c)	(215		)	216			1			(10		)	11
Total	$	2,175		$	(1,965	)	$	210		$	(9	)	$	219

	Gains/(losses) recorded in income									Income statement impact due to:
Three months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Derivatives			Hedged items			Total income statement impact			Hedge ineffectiveness^(d)			Excluded components^(e)
Contract type
Interest rate^(a)	$	(1,541	)	$	1,709		$	168		$	(19	)	$	187
Foreign exchange^(b)	(2,118		)	2,097			(21		)	—			(21		)
Commodity^(c)	242			(295		)	(53		)	(5		)	(48		)
Total	$	(3,417	)	$	3,511		$	94		$	(24	)	$	118


	Gains/(losses) recorded in income									Income statement impact due to:
Six months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Derivatives			Hedged items			Total income statement impact			Hedge ineffectiveness^(d)			Excluded components^(e)
Contract type
Interest rate^(a)	$	2,281		$	(1,908	)	$	373		$	29		$	344
Foreign exchange^(b)	189			(90		)	99			—			99
Commodity^(c)	(73		)	78			5			(12		)	17
Total	$	2,397		$	(1,920	)	$	477		$	17		$	460

	Gains/(losses) recorded in income									Income statement impact due to:
Six months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Derivatives			Hedged items			Total income statement impact			Hedge ineffectiveness^(d)			Excluded components^(e)
Contract type
Interest rate^(a)	$	(935	)	$	1,461		$	526		$	(2	)	$	528
Foreign exchange^(b)	4,357			(4,362		)	(5		)	—			(5		)
Commodity^(c)	564			(603		)	(39		)	(11		)	(28		)
Total	$	3,986		$	(3,504	)	$	482		$	(13	)	$	495


(a)	Primarily consists of hedges of the benchmark (e.g., London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”)) interest rate risk of fixed-rate long-term debt and AFS securities. Gains and losses were recorded in net interest income.


(b)	Primarily consists of hedges of the foreign currency risk of long-term debt and AFS securities for changes in spot foreign currency rates. Gains and losses related to the derivatives and the hedged items, due to changes in foreign currency rates, were recorded primarily in principal transactions revenue and net interest income.


(c)	Consists of overall fair value hedges of physical commodities inventories that are generally carried at the lower of cost or market (market approximates fair value). Gains and losses were recorded in principal transactions revenue.


(d)	Hedge ineffectiveness is the amount by which the gain or loss on the designated derivative instrument does not exactly offset the gain or loss on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk.


(e)	The assessment of hedge effectiveness excludes certain components of the changes in fair values of the derivatives and hedged items such as forward points on foreign exchange forward contracts and time values.

108

Cash flow hedge gains and losses

The following tables present derivative instruments, by contract type, used in cash flow hedge accounting relationships, and the pre-tax gains/(losses) recorded on such derivatives, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Firm includes the gain/(loss) on the hedging derivative and the change in cash flows on the hedged item in the same line item in the Consolidated statements of income.



	Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)
Three months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Derivatives – effective portion reclassified from AOCI to income			Hedge ineffectiveness recorded directly in income^(c)		Total income statement impact			Derivatives – effective portion recorded in OCI			Total change in OCI for period
Contract type
Interest rate^(a)	$	(20	)	$	—	$	(20	)	$	(26	)	$	(6	)
Foreign exchange^(b)	(28		)	—		(28		)	(161		)	(133		)
Total	$	(48	)	$	—	$	(48	)	$	(187	)	$	(139	)

	Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)
Three months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Derivatives – effective portion reclassified from AOCI to income			Hedge ineffectiveness recorded directly in income^(c)		Total income statement impact			Derivatives – effective portion recorded in OCI			Total change in OCI for period
Contract type
Interest rate^(a)	$	22		$	—	$	22		$	(23	)	$	(45	)
Foreign exchange^(b)	(29		)	—		(29		)	143			172
Total	$	(7	)	$	—	$	(7	)	$	120		$	127


	Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)
Six months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Derivatives – effective portion reclassified from AOCI to income			Hedge ineffectiveness recorded directly in income^(c)		Total income statement impact			Derivatives – effective portion recorded in OCI			Total change in OCI for period
Contract type
Interest rate^(a)	$	(40	)	$	—	$	(40	)	$	(100	)	$	(60	)
Foreign exchange^(b)	(63		)	—		(63		)	(254		)	(191		)
Total	$	(103	)	$	—	$	(103	)	$	(354	)	$	(251	)

	Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)
Six months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Derivatives – effective portion reclassified from AOCI to income			Hedge ineffectiveness recorded directly in income^(c)		Total income statement impact			Derivatives – effective portion recorded in OCI			Total change in OCI for period
Contract type
Interest rate^(a)	$	(127	)	$	—	$	(127	)	$	(20	)	$	107
Foreign exchange^(b)	(55		)	—		(55		)	91			146
Total	$	(182	)	$	—	$	(182	)	$	71		$	253


(a)	Primarily consists of benchmark interest rate hedges of LIBOR-indexed floating-rate assets and floating-rate liabilities. Gains and losses were recorded in net interest income, and for the forecasted transactions that the Firm determined during the six months ended June 30, 2015, were probable of not occurring, in other income.


(b)	Primarily consists of hedges of the foreign currency risk of non-U.S. dollar-denominated revenue and expense. The income statement classification of gains and losses follows the hedged item – primarily noninterest revenue and compensation expense.


(c)	Hedge ineffectiveness is the amount by which the cumulative gain or loss on the designated derivative instrument exceeds the present value of the cumulative expected change in cash flows on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk.

The Firm did not experience any forecasted transactions that failed to occur for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016. In the first quarter of 2015, the Firm reclassified approximately $150 million of net losses from AOCI to other income because the Firm determined that it was probable that the forecasted interest payment cash flows would not occur as a result of the planned reduction in wholesale non-operating deposits.

Over the next 12 months, the Firm expects that approximately $212 million (after-tax) of net losses recorded in AOCI at June 30, 2016, related to cash flow hedges will be recognized in income. For terminated cash flow hedges, the maximum length of time over which forecasted transactions are remaining is approximately 7 years. For open cash flow hedges, the maximum length of time over which forecasted transactions are hedged is approximately 2 years. The Firm’s longer-dated forecasted transactions relate to core lending and borrowing activities.

109

Net investment hedge gains and losses

The following table presents hedging instruments, by contract type, that were used in net investment hedge accounting relationships, and the pre-tax gains/(losses) recorded on such instruments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



	Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)
	2016							2015
Three months ended June 30, (in millions)	Excluded components recorded directly in income^(a)				Effective portion recorded in OCI			Excluded components recorded directly in income^(a)				Effective portion recorded in OCI
Foreign exchange derivatives		$	(65	)	$	17			$	(91	)	$	(250	)

	Gains/(losses) recorded in income and other comprehensive income/(loss)
	2016							2015
Six months ended June 30, (in millions)	Excluded components recorded directly in income^(a)				Effective portion recorded in OCI			Excluded components recorded directly in income^(a)				Effective portion recorded in OCI
Foreign exchange derivatives		$	(150	)	$	(573	)		$	(189	)	$	743

(a)

Certain components of hedging derivatives are permitted to be excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness, such as forward points on foreign exchange forward contracts. Amounts related to excluded components are recorded in other income. The Firm measures the ineffectiveness of net investment hedge accounting relationships based on changes in spot foreign currency rates, and, therefore, there was no significant ineffectiveness for net investment hedge accounting relationships during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

Gains and losses on derivatives used for specified risk management purposes

The following table presents pre-tax gains/(losses) recorded on a limited number of derivatives, not designated in hedge accounting relationships, that are used to manage risks associated with certain specified assets and liabilities, including certain risks arising from the mortgage pipeline, warehouse loans, MSRs, wholesale lending exposures, foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities, and commodities-related contracts and investments.



	Derivatives gains/(losses) recorded in income
	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Contract type
Interest rate^(a)	$	661		$	(563	)	$	1,644		$	120
Credit^(b)	(99		)	(10		)	(160		)	(24		)
Foreign exchange^(c)	10			7			—			(5		)
Commodity^(d)	—			23			—			(13		)
Total	$	572		$	(543	)	$	1,484		$	78


(a)	Primarily represents interest rate derivatives used to hedge the interest rate risk inherent in the mortgage pipeline, warehouse loans and MSRs, as well as written commitments to originate warehouse loans. Gains and losses were recorded predominantly in mortgage fees and related income.

(b)

Relates to credit derivatives used to mitigate credit risk associated with lending exposures in the Firm’s wholesale businesses. These derivatives do not include credit derivatives used to mitigate counterparty credit risk arising from derivative receivables, which is included in gains and losses on derivatives related to market-making activities and other derivatives. Gains and losses were recorded in principal transactions revenue.


(c)	Primarily relates to derivatives used to mitigate foreign exchange risk of specified foreign currency-denominated assets and liabilities. Gains and losses were recorded in principal transactions revenue.


(d)	Primarily relates to commodity derivatives used to mitigate energy price risk associated with energy-related contracts and investments. Gains and losses were recorded in principal transactions revenue.

Gains and losses on derivatives related to market-making activities and other derivatives

The Firm makes markets in derivatives in order to meet the needs of customers and uses derivatives to manage certain risks associated with net open risk positions from its market-making activities, including the counterparty credit risk arising from derivative receivables. All derivatives not included in the hedge accounting or specified risk management categories above are included in this category. Gains and losses on these derivatives are primarily recorded in principal transactions revenue. See Note 6 for information on principal transactions revenue.

110

Credit derivatives

For a more detailed discussion of credit derivatives, see Note 6 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report. The Firm does not use notional amounts of credit derivatives as the primary measure of risk management for such derivatives, because the notional amount does not take into account the probability of the occurrence of a credit event, the recovery value of the reference obligation, or related cash instruments and economic hedges, each of which reduces, in the Firm’s view, the risks associated with such derivatives.

Total credit derivatives and credit-related notes



	Maximum payout/Notional amount
June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Protection sold			Protection purchased with identical underlyings^(b)			Net protection (sold)/purchased^(c)			Other protection purchased^(d)
Credit derivatives
Credit default swaps	$	(1,265,820	)		$	1,296,519	$	30,699		$	9,114
Other credit derivatives^(a)	(48,447		)		55,407		6,960			13,394
Total credit derivatives	(1,314,267		)		1,351,926		37,659			22,508
Credit-related notes	(30		)		—		(30		)	5,285
Total	$	(1,314,297	)		$	1,351,926	$	37,629		$	27,793

	Maximum payout/Notional amount
December 31, 2015 (in millions)	Protection sold			Protection purchased with identical underlyings^(b)			Net protection (sold)/purchased^(c)			Other protection purchased^(d)
Credit derivatives
Credit default swaps	$	(1,386,071	)		$	1,402,201	$	16,130		$	12,011
Other credit derivatives^(a)	(42,738		)		38,158		(4,580		)	18,792
Total credit derivatives	(1,428,809		)		1,440,359		11,550			30,803
Credit-related notes	(30		)		—		(30		)	4,715
Total	$	(1,428,839	)		$	1,440,359	$	11,520		$	35,518


(a)	Other credit derivatives predominantly consists of credit swap options.


(b)	Represents the total notional amount of protection purchased where the underlying reference instrument is identical to the reference instrument on protection sold; the notional amount of protection purchased for each individual identical underlying reference instrument may be greater or lower than the notional amount of protection sold.


(c)	Does not take into account the fair value of the reference obligation at the time of settlement, which would generally reduce the amount the seller of protection pays to the buyer of protection in determining settlement value.


(d)	Represents protection purchased by the Firm on referenced instruments (single-name, portfolio or index) where the Firm has not sold any protection on the identical reference instrument.

The following tables summarize the notional amounts by the ratings and maturity profile, and the total fair value, of credit derivatives and credit-related notes as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, where JPMorgan Chase is the seller of protection. The maturity profile is based on the remaining contractual maturity of the credit derivative contracts. The ratings profile is based on the rating of the reference entity on which the credit derivative contract is based. The ratings and maturity profile of credit derivatives and credit-related notes where JPMorgan Chase is the purchaser of protection are comparable to the profile reflected below.



Protection sold – credit derivatives and credit-related notes ratings^(a)/maturity profile
June 30, 2016 (in millions)	<1 year			1–5 years			>5 years			Total notional amount			Fair value of receivables^(b)		Fair value of payables^(b)			Net fair value
Risk rating of reference entity
Investment-grade	$	(301,532	)	$	(630,907	)	$	(50,438	)	$	(982,877	)	$	10,283	$	(5,367	)	$	4,916
Noninvestment-grade	(112,773		)	(204,633		)	(14,014		)	(331,420		)	9,220		(14,275		)	(5,055		)
Total	$	(414,305	)	$	(835,540	)	$	(64,452	)	$	(1,314,297	)	$	19,503	$	(19,642	)	$	(139	)



December 31, 2015 (in millions)	<1 year			1–5 years			>5 years			Total notional amount			Fair value of receivables^(b)		Fair value of payables^(b)			Net fair value
Risk rating of reference entity
Investment-grade	$	(307,211	)	$	(699,227	)	$	(46,970	)	$	(1,053,408	)	$	13,539	$	(6,836	)	$	6,703
Noninvestment-grade	(109,195		)	(245,151		)	(21,085		)	(375,431		)	10,823		(18,891		)	(8,068		)
Total	$	(416,406	)	$	(944,378	)	$	(68,055	)	$	(1,428,839	)	$	24,362	$	(25,727	)	$	(1,365	)


(a)	The ratings scale is primarily based on external credit ratings defined by S&P and Moody’s.


(b)	Amounts are shown on a gross basis, before the benefit of legally enforceable master netting agreements and cash collateral received by the Firm.

111

Note 6 – Noninterest revenue

For a discussion of the components of and accounting policies for the Firm’s noninterest revenue, see Note 7 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following table presents the components of investment banking fees.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Underwriting
Equity	$	283	$	452	$	485	$	851
Debt	896		913		1,446		1,766
Total underwriting	1,179		1,365		1,931		2,617
Advisory	465		468		1,046		1,010
Total investment banking fees	$	1,644	$	1,833	$	2,977	$	3,627

The following table presents all realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded in principal transactions revenue. This table excludes interest income and interest expense on trading assets and liabilities, which are an integral part of the overall performance of the Firm’s client-driven market-making activities. See Note 7 for further information on interest income and interest expense. Trading revenue is presented primarily by instrument type. The Firm’s client-driven market-making businesses generally utilize a variety of instrument types in connection with their market-making and related risk-management activities; accordingly, the trading revenue presented in the table below is not representative of the total revenue of any individual line of business.



	Three months ended June 30,					Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015		2016		2015
Trading revenue by instrument type
Interest rate	$	635		$	420	$	1,018	$	1,306
Credit	728			624		1,103		1,039
Foreign exchange	576			563		1,283		1,407
Equity	861			908		1,691		1,956
Commodity^(a)	224			250		450		589
Total trading revenue	3,024			2,765		5,545		6,297
Private equity gains^(b)	(48		)	69		110		192
Principal transactions	$	2,976		$	2,834	$	5,655	$	6,489


(a)	Commodity derivatives are frequently used to manage the Firm’s risk exposure to its physical commodities inventories. For gains/(losses) related to commodity fair value hedges, see Note 5.


(b)	Includes revenue on private equity investments held in the Private Equity business within Corporate, as well as those held in other business segments.

The following table presents the components of firmwide asset management, administration and commissions.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Asset management fees
Investment management fees^(a)	$	2,210	$	2,416	$	4,338	$	4,690
All other asset management fees^(b)	97		99		187		198
Total asset management fees	2,307		2,515		4,525		4,888

Total administration fees^(c)	488		527		966		1,034

Commission and other fees
Brokerage commissions	535		592		1,123		1,186
All other commissions and fees	351		381		691		714
Total commissions and fees	886		973		1,814		1,900
Total asset management, administration and commissions	$	3,681	$	4,015	$	7,305	$	7,822


(a)	Represents fees earned from managing assets on behalf of the Firm’s clients, including investors in Firm-sponsored funds and owners of separately managed investment accounts.


(b)	Represents fees for services that are ancillary to investment management services, such as commissions earned on the sales or distribution of mutual funds to clients.


(c)	Predominantly includes fees for custody, securities lending, funds services and securities clearance.

Other income

Other income on the Firm’s Consolidated statements of income included the following:



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Operating lease income	$	651	$	504	$	1,266	$	973

112

Note 7 – Interest income and Interest expense

For a description of JPMorgan Chase’s accounting policies regarding interest income and interest expense, see Note 8 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Details of interest income and interest expense were as follows.



	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Interest income
Loans	$	8,974		$	8,079		$	17,828		$	16,026
Taxable securities	1,380			1,608			2,822			3,332
Nontaxable securities^(a)	442			423			885			821
Total securities	1,822			2,031			3,707			4,153
Trading assets	1,860			1,736			3,558			3,470
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	576			340			1,130			736
Securities borrowed^(b)	(96		)	(159		)	(188		)	(279		)
Deposits with banks	466			312			926			653
Other assets^(c)	211			175			404			320
Total interest income	13,813			12,514			27,365			25,079
Interest expense
Interest-bearing deposits	321			308			641			672
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	282			143			542			285
Commercial paper	38			30			71			64
Trading liabilities – debt, short-term and other liabilities^(d)	314			171			541			327
Long-term debt	1,393			1,068			2,612			2,162
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	118			110			231			208
Total interest expense	2,466			1,830			4,638			3,718
Net interest income	11,347			10,684			22,727			21,361
Provision for credit losses	1,402			935			3,226			1,894
Net interest income after provision for credit losses	$	9,945		$	9,749		$	19,501		$	19,467


(a)	Represents securities which are tax-exempt for U.S. federal income tax purposes.


(b)	Negative interest income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, is a result of increased client-driven demand for certain securities combined with the impact of low interest rates. This is matched book activity and the negative interest expense on the corresponding securities loaned is recognized in interest expense and reported within short-term and other liabilities.


(c)	Largely margin loans.


(d)	Includes brokerage customer payables.

113

Note 8 – Pension and other postretirement employee benefit plans

For a discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s pension and OPEB plans, see Note 9 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following table presents the components of net periodic benefit costs reported in the Consolidated statements of income for the Firm’s U.S. and non-U.S. defined benefit pension, defined contribution and OPEB plans.



	Pension plans
	U.S.						Non-U.S.						OPEB plans
Three months ended June 30, (in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015			2016			2015
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Benefits earned during the period	$	74		$	85		$	9		$	10		$	—		$	—
Interest cost on benefit obligations	133			125			24			28			7			8
Expected return on plan assets	(223		)	(233		)	(34		)	(37		)	(26		)	(27		)
Amortization:
Net (gain)/loss	58			61			6			9			—			—
Prior service cost/(credit)	(8		)	(8		)	(1		)	(1		)	—			—
Net periodic defined benefit cost	34			30			4			9			(19		)	(19		)
Other defined benefit pension plans^(a)	4			4			3			—			NA			NA
Total defined benefit plans	38			34			7			9			(19		)	(19		)
Total defined contribution plans	123			115			83			86			NA			NA
Total pension and OPEB cost included in compensation expense	$	161		$	149		$	90		$	95		$	(19	)	$	(19	)

	Pension plans
	U.S.						Non-U.S.						OPEB plans
Six months ended June 30, (in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015			2016			2015
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Benefits earned during the period	$	147		$	170		$	18		$	19		$	—		$	—
Interest cost on benefit obligations	266			250			50			56			15			16
Expected return on plan assets	(445		)	(465		)	(70		)	(75		)	(52		)	(53		)
Amortization:
Net (gain)/loss	117			123			11			18			—			—
Prior service cost/(credit)	(17		)	(17		)	(1		)	(1		)	—			—
Net periodic defined benefit cost	68			61			8			17			(37		)	(37		)
Other defined benefit pension plans^(a)	7			7			5			5			NA			NA
Total defined benefit plans	75			68			13			22			(37		)	(37		)
Total defined contribution plans	222			204			169			169			NA			NA
Total pension and OPEB cost included in compensation expense	$	297		$	272		$	182		$	191		$	(37	)	$	(37	)


(a)	Includes various defined benefit pension plans which are individually immaterial.

The fair values of plan assets for the U.S. defined benefit pension and OPEB plans and for the material non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans were $15.9 billion and $3.6 billion, as of June 30, 2016, and $16.0 billion and $3.5 billion respectively, as of December 31, 2015. See Note 19 for further information on unrecognized amounts (i.e., net (gain)/loss and prior service costs/(credit)) reflected in AOCI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016

and 2015.

The Firm does not anticipate any contribution to the U.S. defined benefit pension plan in 2016 at this time. For 2016, the cost associated with funding benefits under the Firm’s U.S. non-qualified defined benefit pension plans is expected to total $33 million. The 2016 contributions to the non-U.S. defined benefit pension and OPEB plans are expected to be $47 million and $2 million, respectively.

114

Note 9 – Employee stock-based incentives

For a discussion of the accounting policies and other information relating to employee stock-based incentives, see Note 10 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The Firm recognized the following noncash compensation expense related to its various employee stock-based incentive plans in its Consolidated statements of income.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Cost of prior grants of RSUs, stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) and performance share units (“PSUs”) that are amortized over their applicable vesting periods	$	267	$	295	$	551	$	587
Accrual of estimated costs of stock-based awards to be granted in future periods including those to full-career eligible employees	287		215		522		488
Total noncash compensation expense related to employee stock-based incentive plans	$	554	$	510	$	1,073	$	1,075

In the first quarter of 2016, in connection with its annual incentive grant for the 2015 performance year, the Firm granted 33 million RSUs and 926 thousand PSUs, all with a weighted-average grant date fair value of $57.24.

PSU Awards

In January 2016, the Firm’s Board of Directors approved the grant of PSUs to members of the Firm’s Operating Committee under the variable compensation program for performance year 2015. PSUs are subject to the Firm’s achievement of specified performance criteria over a three-year period. The number of awards that vest can range from zero to 150% of the grant amount. The awards vest and are converted into shares of common stock in the quarter after the end of the three-year performance period. In addition, dividends will be notionally reinvested in the Firm’s common stock and will be delivered only in respect of any earned shares.

Once the PSUs have vested, the shares of common stock that are delivered, after applicable tax withholding, must be held for an additional two-year period, for a total combined vesting and holding period of five years from the grant date.

Note 10 – Noninterest expense

For details on noninterest expense, see Consolidated statements of income on page 81. Included within other expense are the following:



	Three months ended June 30,					Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015		2016			2015
Legal expense/(benefit)	$	(430	)	$	291	$	(476	)	$	978
FDIC-related expense	283			300		552			618

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Note 11 – Securities

Securities are classified as trading, AFS or HTM. Securities classified as trading assets are discussed in Note 3. Predominantly all of the Firm’s AFS and HTM securities are held by Treasury and CIO within the investment securities portfolio in connection with the Firm’s asset-liability management objectives. At June 30, 2016, the investment securities portfolio consisted of debt securities with an average credit rating of AA+ (based upon external ratings where available, and where not available, based primarily upon internal ratings which correspond to ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s). For additional information regarding the investment securities portfolio, see Note 12 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

During the second quarter of 2016, the Firm transferred commercial mortgage-backed securities and obligations of U.S. states and municipalities with a fair value of $7.5 billion from available-for-sale to held-to-maturity. These securities were transferred at fair value. AOCI included net pretax unrealized gains of $78 million on the securities at the date of transfer. The transfers reflect the Firm’s intent to hold the securities to maturity in order to reduce the impact of price volatility on AOCI. This transfer was a non-cash transaction.

The amortized costs and estimated fair values of the investment securities portfolio were as follows for the dates indicated.



	June 30, 2016								December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value		Amortized cost		Gross unrealized gains		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value
Available-for-sale debt securities
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies^(a)	$	54,254	$	1,955	$	28	$	56,181	$	53,689	$	1,483	$	106	$	55,066
Residential:
Prime and Alt-A	6,916		79		28		6,967		7,462		40		57		7,445
Subprime	2,765		6		6		2,765		210		7		—		217
Non-U.S.	11,571		213		21		11,763		19,629		341		13		19,957
Commercial	14,808		205		65		14,948		22,990		150		243		22,897
Total mortgage-backed securities	90,314		2,458		148		92,624		103,980		2,021		419		105,582
U.S. Treasury and government agencies^(a)	14,925		66		167		14,824		11,202		—		166		11,036
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	28,975		3,146		13		32,108		31,328		2,245		23		33,550
Certificates of deposit	105		1		—		106		282		1		—		283
Non-U.S. government debt securities	35,990		1,099		21		37,068		35,864		853		41		36,676
Corporate debt securities	6,457		70		66		6,461		12,464		142		170		12,436
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations	31,381		46		161		31,266		31,146		52		191		31,007
Other	8,431		52		87		8,396		9,125		72		100		9,097
Total available-for-sale debt securities	216,578		6,938		663		222,853		235,391		5,386		1,110		239,667
Available-for-sale equity securities	1,927		19		—		1,946		2,067		20		—		2,087
Total available-for-sale securities	$	218,505	$	6,957	$	663	$	224,799	$	237,458	$	5,406	$	1,110	$	241,754
Held-to-maturity debt securities
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies^(b)	33,508		1,635		—		35,143		36,271		852		42		37,081
Commercial	5,801		139		—		5,940		—		—		—		—
Total mortgage-backed securities	39,309		1,774		—		41,083		36,271		852		42		37,081
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	14,502		1,229		—		15,731		12,802		708		4		13,506
Total held-to-maturity debt securities	53,811		3,003		—		56,814		49,073		1,560		46		50,587
Total securities	$	272,316	$	9,960	$	663	$	281,613	$	286,531	$	6,966	$	1,156	$	292,341


(a)	Included total U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations with fair values of $38.0 billion and $42.3 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, which were predominantly mortgage-related.


(b)	Included total U.S. government-sponsored enterprise obligations with amortized cost of $28.5 billion and $30.8 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, which were predominantly mortgage-related.

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Securities impairment

The following tables present the fair value and gross unrealized losses for investment securities by aging category at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.



	Securities with gross unrealized losses
	Less than 12 months				12 months or more
June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Total fair value		Total gross unrealized losses
Available-for-sale debt securities
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies	$	368	$	17	$	570	$	11	$	938	$	28
Residential:
Prime and Alt-A	2,153		27		13		1		2,166		28
Subprime	2,585		6		—		—		2,585		6
Non-U.S.	1,296		12		703		9		1,999		21
Commercial	4,576		57		1,156		8		5,732		65
Total mortgage-backed securities	10,978		119		2,442		29		13,420		148
U.S. Treasury and government agencies	11,677		167		—		—		11,677		167
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	527		12		66		1		593		13
Certificates of deposit			—		—		—		—		—
Non-U.S. government debt securities	2,379		8		561		13		2,940		21
Corporate debt securities	1,119		30		732		36		1,851		66
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations	10,601		32		13,744		129		24,345		161
Other	3,562		78		310		9		3,872		87
Total available-for-sale debt securities	40,843		446		17,855		217		58,698		663
Available-for-sale equity securities	—		—		—		—		—		—
Held-to-maturity securities
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government agencies	—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total mortgage-backed securities	—		—		—		—		—		—
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total held-to-maturity securities	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total securities with gross unrealized losses	$	40,843	$	446	$	17,855	$	217	$	58,698	$	663

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	Securities with gross unrealized losses
	Less than 12 months				12 months or more
December 31, 2015 (in millions)	Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Fair value		Gross unrealized losses		Total fair value		Total gross unrealized losses
Available-for-sale debt securities
Mortgage-backed securities:
U.S. government agencies	$	13,002	$	95	$	697	$	11	$	13,699	$	106
Residential:
Prime and Alt-A	5,147		51		238		6		5,385		57
Subprime	—		—		—		—		—		—
Non-U.S.	2,021		12		167		1		2,188		13
Commercial	13,779		239		658		4		14,437		243
Total mortgage-backed securities	33,949		397		1,760		22		35,709		419
U.S. Treasury and government agencies	10,998		166		—		—		10,998		166
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	1,676		18		205		5		1,881		23
Certificates of deposit	—		—		—		—		—		—
Non-U.S. government debt securities	3,267		26		367		15		3,634		41
Corporate debt securities	3,198		125		848		45		4,046		170
Asset-backed securities:
Collateralized loan obligations	15,340		67		10,692		124		26,032		191
Other	4,284		60		1,005		40		5,289		100
Total available-for-sale debt securities	72,712		859		14,877		251		87,589		1,110
Available-for-sale equity securities	—		—		—		—		—		—
Held-to-maturity debt securities
Mortgage-backed securities
U.S. government agencies	3,294		42		—		—		3,294		42
Commercial	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total mortgage-backed securities	3,294		42		—		—		3,294		42
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	469		4		—		—		469		4
Total Held-to-maturity securities	3,763		46		—		—		3,763		46
Total securities with gross unrealized losses	$	76,475	$	905	$	14,877	$	251	$	91,352	$	1,156

Gross unrealized losses

The Firm has recognized unrealized losses on securities it intends to sell as other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”). The Firm does not intend to sell any of the remaining securities with an unrealized loss in AOCI as of June 30, 2016, and it is not likely that the Firm will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. Except for the securities for which credit losses have been recognized in income, the Firm believes that the securities with an unrealized loss as of June 30, 2016, are not other-than-temporarily impaired. For additional information on other-than-temporary impairment, see Note 12 of the JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Securities gains and losses

The following table presents realized gains and losses and OTTI losses from AFS securities that were recognized in income.



	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Realized gains	$	80		$	94		$	189		$	185
Realized losses	(27		)	(49		)	(79		)	(87		)
OTTI losses	(32		)	(1		)	(38		)	(2		)
Net securities gains	$	21		$	44		$	72		$	96

OTTI losses
Credit-related losses recognized in income	$	—		$	—		$	(1	)	$	(1	)
Securities the Firm intends to sell^(a)	(32		)	(1		)	(37		)	(1		)
Total OTTI losses recognized in income	$	(32	)	$	(1	)	$	(38	)	$	(2	)


(a)	Excludes realized losses on securities sold of $5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 that had been previously reported as an OTTI loss due to the intention to sell the securities.

Changes in the credit loss component of credit-impaired debt securities

The cumulative credit loss component, including any changes therein, of OTTI losses that have been recognized in income related to AFS debt securities that the Firm does not intend to sell was not material as of and during the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

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Contractual maturities and yields

The following table presents the amortized cost and estimated fair value at June 30, 2016, of JPMorgan Chase’s investment securities portfolio by contractual maturity.



By remaining maturity June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Due in one year or less			Due after one year through five years			Due after five years through 10 years			Due after 10 years^(c)			Total
Available-for-sale debt securities
Mortgage-backed securities^(a)
Amortized cost	$	2,813		$	4,147		$	7,996		$	75,358		$	90,314
Fair value	2,833			4,246			8,239			77,306			92,624
Average yield^(b)	2.03		%	2.16		%	3.03		%	3.22		%	3.11		%
U.S. Treasury and government agencies
Amortized cost	$	—		$	—		$	13,598		$	1,327		$	14,925
Fair value	—			—			13,554			1,270			14,824
Average yield^(b)	—		%	—		%	0.76		%	0.52		%	0.74		%
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
Amortized cost	$	155		$	576		$	1,357		$	26,887		$	28,975
Fair value	158			593			1,452			29,905			32,108
Average yield^(b)	4.89		%	3.00		%	5.85		%	6.64		%	6.52		%
Certificates of deposit													��
Amortized cost	$	105		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	105
Fair value	106			—			—			—			106
Average yield^(b)	1.78		%	—		%	—		%	—		%	1.78		%
Non-U.S. government debt securities
Amortized cost	$	5,619		$	12,759		$	14,407		$	3,205		$	35,990
Fair value	5,629			13,108			15,022			3,309			37,068
Average yield^(b)	3.05		%	1.71		%	0.85		%	0.68		%	1.48		%
Corporate debt securities
Amortized cost	$	1,906		$	2,806		$	1,597		$	148		$	6,457
Fair value	1,919			2,826			1,573			143			6,461
Average yield^(b)	3.15		%	2.59		%	2.92		%	3.24		%	2.85		%
Asset-backed securities
Amortized cost	$	9		$	689		$	20,443		$	18,671		$	39,812
Fair value	9			696			20,356			18,601			39,662
Average yield^(b)	2.70		%	1.10		%	2.10		%	2.04		%	2.06		%
Total available-for-sale debt securities
Amortized cost	$	10,607		$	20,977		$	59,398		$	125,596		$	216,578
Fair value	10,654			21,469			60,196			130,534			222,853
Average yield^(b)	2.81		%	1.93		%	1.73		%	3.68		%	2.93		%
Available-for-sale equity securities
Amortized cost	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	1,927		$	1,927
Fair value	—			—			—			1,946			1,946
Average yield^(b)	—		%	—		%	—		%	0.35		%	0.35		%
Total available-for-sale securities
Amortized cost	$	10,607		$	20,977		$	59,398		$	127,523		$	218,505
Fair value	10,654			21,469			60,196			132,480			224,799
Average yield^(b)	2.81		%	1.93		%	1.73		%	3.63		%	2.91		%
Held-to-maturity debt securities
Mortgage-backed securities^(a)
Amortized cost	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	39,309		$	39,309
Fair value	—			—			—			41,083			41,083
Average yield^(b)	—		%	—		%	—		%	3.32		%	3.32		%
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities
Amortized cost	$	—		$	—		$	1,132		$	13,370		$	14,502
Fair value	—			—			1,211			14,520			15,731
Average yield^(b)	—		%	—		%	5.04		%	5.68		%	5.63		%
Total held-to-maturity securities
Amortized cost	$	—		$	—		$	1,132		$	52,679		$	53,811
Fair value	—			—			1,211			55,603			56,814
Average yield^(b)	—			—		%	5.04		%	3.92		%	3.94%


(a)	U.S. government-sponsored enterprises were the only issuers whose securities exceeded 10% of JPMorgan Chase’s total stockholders’ equity at June 30, 2016.


(b)	Average yield is computed using the effective yield of each security owned at the end of the period, weighted based on the amortized cost of each security. The effective yield considers the contractual coupon, amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, and the effect of related hedging

119

derivatives. Taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable. The effective yield excludes unscheduled principal prepayments; and accordingly, actual maturities of securities may differ from their contractual or expected maturities as certain securities may be prepaid.

(c)

Includes securities with no stated maturity. Substantially all of the Firm’s U.S. residential mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations are due in 10 years or more, based on contractual maturity. The estimated weighted-average life, which reflects anticipated future prepayments, is approximately 4 years for agency residential mortgage-backed securities, 2 years for agency residential collateralized mortgage obligations and 3 years for nonagency residential collateralized mortgage obligations.

Note 12 – Securities financing activities

For a discussion of accounting policies relating to securities financing activities, see Note 13 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report. For further information regarding securities borrowed and securities lending agreements for which the fair value option has been elected, see Note 4. For further information regarding assets pledged and collateral received in securities financing agreements, see Note 22.

The table below summarizes the gross and net amounts of the Firm’s securities financing agreements as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. When the Firm has obtained an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement with a counterparty and where other relevant netting criteria under U.S. GAAP are met, the Firm nets, on the Consolidated balance sheets, the balances outstanding under its securities financing agreements with the same counterparty. In addition, the Firm exchanges securities and/or cash collateral with its counterparties; this collateral also reduces, in the Firm’s view, the economic exposure with the counterparty. Such collateral, along with securities financing balances that do not meet relevant netting criteria under U.S. GAAP, is presented as “Amounts not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets,” and reduces the “Net amounts” presented below, if the Firm has an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement with the counterparty. Where a legal opinion has not been either sought or obtained, the securities financing balances are presented gross in the “Net amounts” below, and related collateral does not reduce the amounts presented.



	June 30, 2016
(in millions)	Gross amounts		Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets			Amounts presented on the Consolidated balance sheets^(b)		Amounts not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets^(c)			Net amounts^(d)
Assets
Securities purchased under resale agreements	$	423,422	$	(186,271	)	$	237,151	$	(231,324	)	$	5,827
Securities borrowed	103,225		—			103,225		(74,417		)	28,808
Liabilities
Securities sold under repurchase agreements	$	339,192	$	(186,271	)	$	152,921	$	(135,783	)	$	17,138
Securities loaned and other^(a)	16,505		—			16,505		(16,253		)	252



	December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Gross amounts		Amounts netted on the Consolidated balance sheets			Amounts presented on the Consolidated balance sheets^(b)		Amounts not nettable on the Consolidated balance sheets^(c)			Net amounts^(d)
Assets
Securities purchased under resale agreements	$	368,148	$	(156,258	)	$	211,890	$	(206,774	)	$	5,116
Securities borrowed	98,721		—			98,721		(65,081		)	33,640
Liabilities
Securities sold under repurchase agreements	$	290,044	$	(156,258	)	$	133,786	$	(118,832	)	$	14,954
Securities loaned and other^(a)	22,556		—			22,556		(22,245		)	311


(a)	Includes securities-for-securities lending transactions of $4.6 billion and $4.4 billion at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, accounted for at fair value, where the Firm is acting as lender. These amounts are presented within other liabilities on the Consolidated balance sheets.

(b)

Includes securities financing agreements accounted for at fair value. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, included securities purchased under resale agreements of $23.3 billion and $23.1 billion, respectively, securities borrowed of zero and $395 million, respectively, and securities sold under agreements to repurchase of $1.7 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively. There were no securities loaned accounted for at fair value in either period.


(c)	In some cases, collateral exchanged with a counterparty exceeds the net asset or liability balance with that counterparty. In such cases, the amounts reported in this column are limited to the related asset or liability with that counterparty.

(d)

Includes securities financing agreements that provide collateral rights, but where an appropriate legal opinion with respect to the master netting agreement has not been either sought or obtained. At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, included $3.3 billion and $2.3 billion, respectively, of securities purchased under resale agreements; $26.2 billion and $31.3 billion, respectively, of securities borrowed; $14.5 billion and $12.6 billion, respectively, of securities sold under agreements to repurchase; and $93 million and $45 million, respectively, of securities loaned and other.

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The tables below present as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015 the types of financial assets pledged in securities financing agreements and the remaining contractual maturity of the securities financing agreements.



	Gross liability balance
	June 30, 2016				December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Securities sold under repurchase agreements		Securities loaned and other^(a)		Securities sold under repurchase agreements		Securities loaned and other^(a)
Mortgage-backed securities	$	21,668	$	—	$	12,790	$	—
U.S. Treasury and government agencies	175,788		57		154,377		5
Obligations of U.S. states and municipalities	2,114		—		1,316		—
Non-U.S. government debt	98,644		2,502		80,162		4,426
Corporate debt securities	22,187		72		21,286		78
Asset-backed securities	4,212		—		4,394		—
Equity securities	14,579		13,874		15,719		18,047
Total	$	339,192	$	16,505	$	290,044	$	22,556



	Remaining contractual maturity of the agreements
	Overnight and continuous						Greater than 90 days
June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Overnight and continuous		Up to 30 days		30 – 90 days		Greater than 90 days		Total
Total securities sold under repurchase agreements	$	124,686	$	126,730	$	38,856	$	48,920	$	339,192
Total securities loaned and other^(a)	9,339		384		8		6,774		16,505



	Remaining contractual maturity of the agreements
	Overnight and continuous						Greater than 90 days
December 31, 2015 (in millions)	Overnight and continuous		Up to 30 days		30 – 90 days		Greater than 90 days		Total
Total securities sold under repurchase agreements	$	114,595	$	100,082	$	29,955	$	45,412	$	290,044
Total securities loaned and other^(a)	8,320		708		793		12,735		22,556


(a)	Includes securities-for-securities lending transactions of $4.6 billion and $4.4 billion at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, accounted for at fair value, where the Firm is acting as lender. These amounts are presented within other liabilities on the Consolidated balance sheets.

Transfers not qualifying for sale accounting

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm held $5.6 billion and $7.5 billion, respectively, of financial assets for which the rights have been transferred to third parties; however, the transfers did not qualify as a sale in accordance with U.S. GAAP. These transfers have been recognized as collateralized financing transactions. The transferred assets are recorded in trading assets and loans, and the corresponding liabilities are recorded predominantly in other borrowed funds on the Consolidated balance sheets.

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Note 13 – Loans

Loan accounting framework

The accounting for a loan depends on management’s strategy for the loan, and on whether the loan was credit-impaired at the date of acquisition. The Firm accounts for loans based on the following categories:


•	Originated or purchased loans held-for-investment (i.e., “retained”), other than PCI loans


•	Loans held-for-sale


•	Loans at fair value


•	PCI loans held-for-investment

For a detailed discussion of loans, including accounting policies, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report. See Note 4 of this Form 10-Q for further information on the Firm’s elections of fair value accounting under the fair value option. See Note 3 of this Form 10-Q for further information on loans carried at fair value and classified as trading assets.

Loan portfolio

The Firm’s loan portfolio is divided into three portfolio segments, which are the same segments used by the Firm to determine the allowance for loan losses: Consumer, excluding credit card; Credit card; and Wholesale. Within each portfolio segment the Firm monitors and assesses the credit risk in the following classes of loans, based on the risk characteristics of each loan class.



Consumer, excluding credit card^(a)	Credit card	Wholesale^(f)
Residential real estate – excluding PCI • Home equity^(b) • Residential mortgage^(c) Other consumer loans • Auto^(d) • Business banking^(d)(e) • Student and other Residential real estate – PCI • Home equity • Prime mortgage • Subprime mortgage • Option ARMs	• Credit card loans	• Commercial and industrial • Real estate • Financial institutions • Government agencies • Other^(g)


(a)	Includes loans held in CCB, prime mortgage and home equity loans held in AM and prime mortgage loans held in Corporate.


(b)	Includes senior and junior lien home equity loans.


(c)	Includes prime (including option ARMs) and subprime loans.


(d)	Includes certain business banking and auto dealer risk-rated loans that apply the wholesale methodology for determining the allowance for loan losses; these loans are managed by CCB, and therefore, for consistency in presentation, are included with the other consumer loan classes.


(e)	Predominantly includes Business Banking loans as well as deposit overdrafts.


(f)	Includes loans held in CIB, CB, AM and Corporate. Excludes prime mortgage and home equity loans held in AM and prime mortgage loans held in Corporate. Classes are internally defined and may not align with regulatory definitions.


(g)	Includes loans to: individuals; SPEs; holding companies; and private education and civic organizations. For more information on exposures to SPEs, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following tables summarize the Firm’s loan balances by portfolio segment.



June 30, 2016	Consumer, excluding credit card		Credit card^(a)		Wholesale		Total
(in millions)	Consumer, excluding credit card		Credit card^(a)		Wholesale		Total
Retained	$	361,050	$	131,507	$	374,174	$	866,731	^(b)
Held-for-sale	255		84		3,882		4,221
At fair value	—		—		1,852		1,852
Total	$	361,305	$	131,591	$	379,908	$	872,804

December 31, 2015	Consumer, excluding credit card		Credit card^(a)		Wholesale		Total
(in millions)	Consumer, excluding credit card		Credit card^(a)		Wholesale		Total
Retained	$	344,355	$	131,387	$	357,050	$	832,792	^(b)
Held-for-sale	466		76		1,104		1,646
At fair value	—		—		2,861		2,861
Total	$	344,821	$	131,463	$	361,015	$	837,299


(a)	Includes accrued interest and fees net of an allowance for the uncollectible portion of accrued interest and fee income.


(b)	Loans (other than PCI loans and those for which the fair value option has been elected) are presented net of unearned income, unamortized discounts and premiums, and net deferred loan costs. These amounts were not material as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.

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The following tables provide information about the carrying value of retained loans purchased, sold and reclassified to held-for-sale during the periods indicated. These tables exclude loans recorded at fair value. The Firm manages its exposure to credit risk on an ongoing basis. Selling loans is one way that the Firm reduces its credit exposures.



	2016									2015
Three months ended June 30, (in millions)	Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card		Wholesale		Total		Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card			Wholesale		Total
Purchases	$	824	^(a)(b)	$	—	$	405	$	1,229	$	1,114	^(a)(b)	$	—		$	487	$	1,601
Sales	905			—		2,082		2,987		1,207			—		^(c)	3,076		4,283
Retained loans reclassified to held-for-sale	18			—		127		145		1,254			—			115		1,369

	2016									2015
Six months ended June 30, (in millions)	Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card		Wholesale		Total		Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card			Wholesale		Total
Purchases	$	2,089	^(a)(b)	$	—	$	693	$	2,782	$	2,722	^(a)(b)	$	—		$	695	$	3,417
Sales	1,665			—		3,746		5,411		2,943			—		^(c)	5,525		8,468
Retained loans reclassified to held-for-sale	83			—		616		699		1,272			—			435		1,707

(a)

Purchases predominantly represent the Firm’s voluntary repurchase of certain delinquent loans from loan pools as permitted by Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”) guidelines. The Firm typically elects to repurchase these delinquent loans as it continues to service them and/or manage the foreclosure process in accordance with applicable requirements of Ginnie Mae, the Federal Housing Administration (“FHA”), Rural Housing Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (“RHS”), and/or the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (“VA”).


(b)	Excludes purchases of retained loans sourced through the correspondent origination channel and underwritten in accordance with the Firm’s standards. Such purchases were $8.4 billion and $14.2 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $17.1 billion and $25.4 billion for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(c)	Prior period amounts have been revised to conform with current period presentation.

The following table provides information about gains and losses, including lower of cost or fair value adjustments, on loan sales by portfolio segment.



	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Net gains/(losses) on sales of loans (including lower of cost or fair value adjustments)^(a)
Consumer, excluding credit card	$	64		$	86		$	117		$	177
Credit card	(4		)	(7		)	(4		)	9
Wholesale	—			5			(2		)	(1		)
Total net gains on sales of loans (including lower of cost or fair value adjustments)	$	60		$	84		$	111		$	185


(a)	Excludes sales related to loans accounted for at fair value.

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Consumer, excluding credit card loan portfolio

Consumer loans, excluding credit card loans, consist primarily of residential mortgages, home equity loans and lines of credit, auto loans, business banking loans, and student and other loans, with a focus on serving the prime consumer credit market. The portfolio also includes home equity loans secured by junior liens, prime mortgage loans with an interest-only payment period, and certain payment-option loans that may result in negative amortization.

The table below provides information about retained consumer loans, excluding credit card, by class.



(in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Residential real estate – excluding PCI
Home equity	$	42,371	$	45,559
Residential mortgage	184,704		166,239
Other consumer loans
Auto	64,056		60,255
Business banking	22,047		21,208
Student and other	9,512		10,096
Residential real estate – PCI
Home equity	14,000		14,989
Prime mortgage	8,240		8,893
Subprime mortgage	3,089		3,263
Option ARMs	13,031		13,853
Total retained loans	$	361,050	$	344,355

For further information on consumer credit quality indicators, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

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Residential real estate – excluding PCI loans

The following table provides information by class for residential real estate – excluding retained PCI loans in the consumer, excluding credit card, portfolio segment.



Residential real estate – excluding PCI loans
(in millions, except ratios)	Home equity^(g)						Residential mortgage^(g)						Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Loan delinquency^(a)
Current	$	41,234		$	44,299		$	176,141		$	156,463		$	217,375		$	200,762
30–149 days past due	613			708			3,626			4,042			4,239			4,750
150 or more days past due	524			552			4,937			5,734			5,461			6,286
Total retained loans	$	42,371		$	45,559		$	184,704		$	166,239		$	227,075		$	211,798
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans^(b)	2.68		%	2.77		%	0.85		%	1.03		%	1.19		%	1.40		%
90 or more days past due and government guaranteed^(c)	$	—		$	—		$	5,040		$	6,056		$	5,040		$	6,056
Nonaccrual loans	2,012			2,191			2,365			2,503			4,377			4,694
Current estimated LTV ratios^(d)(e)
Greater than 125% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	$	100		$	165		$	58		$	58		$	158		$	223
Less than 660	22			32			67			77			89			109
101% to 125% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	952			1,344			194			274			1,146			1,618
Less than 660	303			434			248			291			551			725
80% to 100% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	3,718			4,537			3,879			3,159			7,597			7,696
Less than 660	1,143			1,409			858			996			2,001			2,405
Less than 80% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	28,855			29,648			161,194			142,241			190,049			171,889
Less than 660	4,664			4,934			6,739			6,797			11,403			11,731
No FICO/LTV available	2,614			3,056			1,570			1,658			4,184			4,714
U.S. government-guaranteed	—			—			9,897			10,688			9,897			10,688
Total retained loans	$	42,371		$	45,559		$	184,704		$	166,239		$	227,075		$	211,798
Geographic region
California	$	8,287		$	8,945		$	55,336		$	47,263		$	63,623		$	56,208
New York	8,639			9,147			23,370			21,462			32,009			30,609
Illinois	3,183			3,420			12,882			11,524			16,065			14,944
Texas	2,358			2,532			10,190			9,128			12,548			11,660
Florida	2,285			2,409			7,959			7,177			10,244			9,586
New Jersey	2,413			2,590			6,179			5,567			8,592			8,157
Washington	1,341			1,451			4,871			4,176			6,212			5,627
Arizona	1,957			2,143			3,492			3,155			5,449			5,298
Michigan	1,248			1,350			2,053			1,945			3,301			3,295
Ohio	1,523			1,652			1,356			1,247			2,879			2,899
All other^(f)	9,137			9,920			57,016			53,595			66,153			63,515
Total retained loans	$	42,371		$	45,559		$	184,704		$	166,239		$	227,075		$	211,798


(a)	Individual delinquency classifications include mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies as follows: current included $2.9 billion and $2.6 billion; 30–149 days past due included $2.8 billion and $3.2 billion; and 150 or more days past due included $4.2 billion and $4.9 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.


(b)	At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, Residential mortgage loans excluded mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $7.0 billion and $8.1 billion, respectively. These amounts have been excluded from nonaccrual loans based upon the government guarantee.

(c)

These balances, which are 90 days or more past due, were excluded from nonaccrual loans as the loans are guaranteed by U.S government agencies. Typically the principal balance of the loans is insured and interest is guaranteed at a specified reimbursement rate subject to meeting agreed-upon servicing guidelines. At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, these balances included $2.9 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively, of loans that are no longer accruing interest based on the agreed-upon servicing guidelines. For the remaining balance, interest is being accrued at the guaranteed reimbursement rate. There were no loans not guaranteed by U.S. government agencies that are 90 or more days past due and still accruing at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.

(d)

Represents the aggregate unpaid principal balance of loans divided by the estimated current property value. Current property values are estimated, at a minimum, quarterly, based on home valuation models using nationally recognized home price index valuation estimates incorporating actual data to the extent available and forecasted data where actual data is not available. These property values do not represent actual appraised loan level collateral values; as such, the resulting ratios are necessarily imprecise and should be viewed as estimates. Current estimated combined LTV for junior lien home equity loans considers all available lien positions, as well as unused lines, related to the property.


(e)	Refreshed FICO scores represent each borrower’s most recent credit score, which is obtained by the Firm on at least a quarterly basis.


(f)	At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, included mortgage loans insured by U.S. government agencies of $9.9 billion and $10.7 billion, respectively.


(g)	Includes residential real estate loans to private banking clients in AM, for which the primary credit quality indicators are the borrower’s financial position and LTV.

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The following table represents the Firm’s delinquency statistics for junior lien home equity loans and lines as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.



	Total loans				Total 30+ day delinquency rate
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
HELOCs:^(a)
Within the revolving period^(b)	$	13,220	$	17,050	1.32	%	1.57	%
Beyond the revolving period	12,738		11,252		2.92		3.10
HELOANs	2,148		2,409		2.65		3.03
Total	$	28,106	$	30,711	2.15	%	2.25	%


(a)	These HELOCs are predominantly revolving loans for a 10-year period, after which time the HELOC converts to a loan with a 20-year amortization period, but also include HELOCs that allow interest-only payments beyond the revolving period.


(b)	The Firm manages the risk of HELOCs during their revolving period by closing or reducing the undrawn line to the extent permitted by law when borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty or when the collateral does not support the loan amount.

HELOCs beyond the revolving period and home equity loans HELOANs have higher delinquency rates than do HELOCs within the revolving period. That is primarily because the fully-amortizing payment that is generally required for those products is higher than the minimum payment options available for HELOCs within the revolving period. The higher delinquency rates associated with amortizing HELOCs and HELOANs are factored into the Firm’s allowance for loan losses.

Impaired loans

The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s residential real estate impaired loans, excluding PCI loans. These loans are considered to be impaired as they have been modified in a TDR. All impaired loans are evaluated for an asset-specific allowance as described in Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



(in millions)	Home equity				Residential mortgage				Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
(in millions)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
Impaired loans
With an allowance	$	1,295	$	1,293	$	5,001	$	5,243	$	6,296	$	6,536
Without an allowance^(a)	1,009		1,065		1,376		1,447		2,385		2,512
Total impaired loans^(b)(c)	$	2,304	$	2,358	$	6,377	$	6,690	$	8,681	$	9,048
Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans	$	146	$	138	$	79	$	108	$	225	$	246
Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans^(d)	3,870		3,960		8,718		9,082		12,588		13,042
Impaired loans on nonaccrual status^(e)	1,144		1,220		1,846		1,957		2,990		3,177

(a)

Represents collateral-dependent residential mortgage loans that are charged off to the fair value of the underlying collateral less cost to sell. The Firm reports, in accordance with regulatory guidance, residential real estate loans that have been discharged under Chapter 7 bankruptcy and not reaffirmed by the borrower (“Chapter 7 loans”) as collateral-dependent nonaccrual TDRs, regardless of their delinquency status. At June 30, 2016, Chapter 7 residential real estate loans included approximately 13% of home equity and 16% of residential mortgages that were 30 days or more past due.

(b)


(c)	Predominantly all residential real estate impaired loans, excluding PCI loans, are in the U.S.


(d)	Represents the contractual amount of principal owed at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. The unpaid principal balance differs from the impaired loan balances due to various factors, including charge-offs; net deferred loan fees or costs; and unamortized discounts or premiums on purchased loans.


(e)	As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, nonaccrual loans included $2.4 billion and $2.5 billion, respectively, of TDRs for which the borrowers were less than 90 days past due. For additional information about loans modified in a TDR that are on nonaccrual status refer to the Loan accounting framework in Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

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The following tables present average impaired loans and the related interest income reported by the Firm.



Three months ended June 30,	Average impaired loans				Interest income on impaired loans^(a)				Interest income on impaired loans on a cash basis^(a)
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015		2016		2015
Home equity	$	2,340	$	2,371	$	32	$	33	$	20	$	22
Residential mortgage	6,453		8,153		77		90		20		23
Total residential real estate – excluding PCI	$	8,793	$	10,524	$	109	$	123	$	40	$	45

Six months ended June 30,	Average impaired loans				Interest income on impaired loans^(a)				Interest income on impaired loans on a cash basis^(a)
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015		2016		2015
Home equity	$	2,350	$	2,382	$	63	$	66	$	41	$	44
Residential mortgage	6,534		8,512		155		186		39		46
Total residential real estate – excluding PCI	$	8,884	$	10,894	$	218	$	252	$	80	$	90


(a)	Generally, interest income on loans modified in TDRs is recognized on a cash basis until such time as the borrower has made a minimum of six payments under the new terms.

Loan modifications

Modifications of residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans, are generally accounted for and reported as TDRs. There were no additional commitments to lend to borrowers whose residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans, have been modified in TDRs.

The following table presents new TDRs reported by the Firm.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Home equity	$	70	$	75	$	196	$	147
Residential mortgage	59		73		122		155
Total residential real estate – excluding PCI	$	129	$	148	$	318	$	302

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Nature and extent of modifications

The U.S. Treasury’s Making Home Affordable programs, as well as the Firm’s proprietary modification programs, generally provide various concessions to financially troubled borrowers including, but not limited to, interest rate reductions, term or payment extensions and deferral of principal and/or interest payments that would otherwise have been required under the terms of the original agreement.

The following tables provide information about how residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans, were modified under the above loss mitigation programs during the periods presented. These tables exclude Chapter 7 loans where the sole concession granted is the discharge of debt.



Three months ended June 30,									Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
	Home equity				Residential mortgage				Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
	2016		2015		2016		2015		2016		2015
Number of loans approved for a trial modification	688		387		555		661		1,243		1,048
Number of loans permanently modified	949		956		979		742		1,928		1,698
Concession granted:^(a)
Interest rate reduction	80	%	75	%	71	%	73	%	75	%	74	%
Term or payment extension	84		87		90		81		87		84
Principal and/or interest deferred	20		26		16		25		18		26
Principal forgiveness	11		4		29		27		20		14
Other^(b)	1		—		23		9		12		4

Six months ended June 30,									Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
	Home equity				Residential mortgage				Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
	2016		2015		2016		2015		2016		2015
Number of loans approved for a trial modification	1,737		897		1,135		1,328		2,872		2,225
Number of loans permanently modified	2,641		1,726		1,711		1,592		4,352		3,318
Concession granted:^(a)
Interest rate reduction	71	%	76	%	72	%	70	%	71	%	73	%
Term or payment extension	88		86		90		81		89		84
Principal and/or interest deferred	18		27		19		28		18		28
Principal forgiveness	10		5		27		29		17		16
Other^(b)	1		—		21		9		9		5


(a)	Represents concessions granted in permanent modifications as a percentage of the number of loans permanently modified. The sum of the percentages exceeds 100% because predominantly all of the modifications include more than one type of concession. A significant portion of trial modifications include interest rate reductions and/or term or payment extensions.


(b)	Represents variable interest rate to fixed interest rate modifications.

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Financial effects of modifications and redefaults

The following tables provide information about the financial effects of the various concessions granted in modifications of residential real estate loans, excluding PCI, under the above loss mitigation programs and about redefaults of certain loans modified in TDRs for the periods presented. Because the specific types and amounts of concessions offered to borrowers frequently change between the trial modification and the permanent modification, the following tables present only the financial effects of permanent modifications. These tables also exclude Chapter 7 loans where the sole concession granted is the discharge of debt.



Three months ended June 30, (in millions, except weighted-average data and number of loans)	Home equity						Residential mortgage						Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
	2016			2015			2016			2015			2016			2015
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – before TDR	5.28		%	5.13		%	5.67		%	5.66		%	5.54		%	5.48		%
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – after TDR	2.52			2.49			2.98			2.74			2.83			2.65
Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – before TDR	17			18			25			24			22			22
Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – after TDR	38			33			38			37			38			35
Charge-offs recognized upon permanent modification	$	—		$	1		$	1		$	3		$	1		$	4
Principal deferred	4			7			9			14			13			21
Principal forgiven	1			1			13			14			14			15
Balance of loans that redefaulted within one year of permanent modification^(a)	$	11		$	5		$	26		$	37		$	37		$	42

Six months ended June 30, (in millions, except weighted-average data and number of loans)	Home equity						Residential mortgage						Total residential real estate – excluding PCI
	2016			2015			2016			2015			2016			2015
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – before TDR	5.13		%	5.26		%	5.60		%	5.72		%	5.40		%	5.58		%
Weighted-average interest rate of loans with interest rate reductions – after TDR	2.46			2.45			2.92			2.74			2.73			2.65
Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – before TDR	18			18			25			25			22			23
Weighted-average remaining contractual term (in years) of loans with term or payment extensions – after TDR	38			33			38			37			38			36
Charge-offs recognized upon permanent modification	$	1		$	2		$	2		$	5		$	3		$	7
Principal deferred	12			13			19			32			31			45
Principal forgiven	4			2			25			33			29			35
Balance of loans that redefaulted within one year of permanent modification^(a)	$	20		$	9		$	48		$	68		$	68		$	77

(a)

Represents loans permanently modified in TDRs that experienced a payment default in the periods presented, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of the modification. The dollar amounts presented represent the balance of such loans at the end of the reporting period in which such loans defaulted. For residential real estate loans modified in TDRs, payment default is deemed to occur when the loan becomes two contractual payments past due. In the event that a modified loan redefaults, it is probable that the loan will ultimately be liquidated through foreclosure or another similar type of liquidation transaction. Redefaults of loans modified within the last 12 months may not be representative of ultimate redefault levels.

At June 30, 2016, the weighted-average estimated remaining lives of residential real estate loans, excluding PCI loans, permanently modified in TDRs were 9 years for home equity and 10 years for residential mortgages. The estimated remaining lives of these loans reflect estimated prepayments, both voluntary and involuntary (i.e., foreclosures and other forced liquidations).

Active and suspended foreclosure

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm had non-PCI residential real estate loans, excluding those insured by U.S. government agencies, with a carrying value of $1.0 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively, that were not included in REO, but were in the process of active or suspended foreclosure.

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Other consumer loans

The table below provides information for other consumer retained loan classes, including auto, business banking and student loans.



(in millions, except ratios)	Auto						Business banking						Student and other								Total other consumer
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016				Dec 31, 2015				Jun 30, 2016				Dec 31, 2015
Loan delinquency^(a)
Current	$	63,313		$	59,442		$	21,741		$	20,887		$	8,930			$	9,405			$	93,984			$	89,734
30–119 days past due	736			804			182			215			363				445				1,281				1,464
120 or more days past due	7			9			124			106			219				246				350				361
Total retained loans	$	64,056		$	60,255		$	22,047		$	21,208		$	9,512			$	10,096			$	95,615			$	91,559
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans	1.16		%	1.35		%	1.39		%	1.51		%	1.30		%	^(d)	1.63		%	^(d)	1.23		%	^(d)	1.42		%	^(d)
90 or more days past due and still accruing^(b)	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	—		$	252			$	290			$	252			$	290
Nonaccrual loans	208			116			290			263			210				242				708				621
Geographic region
California	$	7,785		$	7,186		$	3,888		$	3,530		$	985			$	1,051			$	12,658			$	11,767
New York	3,929			3,874			3,375			3,359			1,203				1,224				8,507				8,457
Illinois	4,004			3,678			1,559			1,459			633				679				6,196				5,816
Texas	6,896			6,457			2,692			2,622			784				839				10,372				9,918
Florida	3,286			2,843			1,015			941			482				516				4,783				4,300
New Jersey	2,024			1,998			507			500			336				366				2,867				2,864
Washington	1,177			1,135			269			264			196				212				1,642				1,611
Arizona	2,194			2,033			1,247			1,205			229				236				3,670				3,474
Michigan	1,496			1,550			1,331			1,361			386				415				3,213				3,326
Ohio	2,293			2,340			1,385			1,363			523				559				4,201				4,262
All other	28,972			27,161			4,779			4,604			3,755				3,999				37,506				35,764
Total retained loans	$	64,056		$	60,255		$	22,047		$	21,208		$	9,512			$	10,096			$	95,615			$	91,559
Loans by risk ratings^(c)
Noncriticized	$	12,422		$	11,277		$	16,245		$	15,505		NA				NA				$	28,667			$	26,782
Criticized performing	150			76			757			815			NA				NA				907				891
Criticized nonaccrual	103			—			239			210			NA				NA				342				210


(a)	Student loan delinquency classifications included loans insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP as follows: current included $3.6 billion and $3.8 billion; 30-119 days past due included $256 million and $299 million; and 120 or more days past due included $202 million and $227 million at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.


(b)	These amounts represent student loans, which are insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP. These amounts were accruing as reimbursement of insured amounts is proceeding normally.


(c)	For risk-rated business banking and auto loans, the primary credit quality indicator is the risk rating of the loan, including whether the loans are considered to be criticized and/or nonaccrual.


(d)	June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, excluded loans 30 days or more past due and still accruing, which are insured by U.S. government agencies under the FFELP, of $458 million and $526 million, respectively. These amounts were excluded as reimbursement of insured amounts is proceeding normally.

130

Other consumer impaired loans and loan

modifications

The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s other consumer impaired loans, including risk-rated business banking and auto loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status, and loans that have been modified in TDRs.



(in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Impaired loans
With an allowance	$	660	$	527
Without an allowance^(a)	29		31
Total impaired loans^(b)(c)	$	689	$	558
Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans	$	140	$	118
Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans^(d)	801		668
Impaired loans on nonaccrual status	562		449


(a)	When discounted cash flows, collateral value or market price equals or exceeds the recorded investment in the loan, the loan does not require an allowance. This typically occurs when the impaired loans have been partially charged off and/or there have been interest payments received and applied to the loan balance.


(b)	Predominantly all other consumer impaired loans are in the U.S.


(c)	Other consumer average impaired loans were $622 million and $566 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $596 million and $576 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The related interest income on impaired loans, including those on a cash basis, was not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.


(d)	Represents the contractual amount of principal owed at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. The unpaid principal balance differs from the impaired loan balances due to various factors, including charge-offs; interest payments received and applied to the principal balance; net deferred loan fees or costs; and unamortized discounts or premiums on purchased loans.

Loan modifications

Certain other consumer loan modifications are considered to be TDRs as they provide various concessions to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. All of these TDRs are reported as impaired loans in the table above. See Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report for further information on other consumer loans modified in TDRs.

The following table provides information about the Firm’s other consumer loans modified in TDRs. New TDRs were not material for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



(in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Loans modified in TDRs^(a)(b)	$	382	$	384
TDRs on nonaccrual status	255		275


(a)	The impact of these modifications was not material to the Firm for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.


(b)	Additional commitments to lend to borrowers whose loans have been modified in TDRs as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, were immaterial.

131

Purchased credit-impaired loans

For a detailed discussion of PCI loans, including the related accounting policies, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Residential real estate – PCI loans

The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s consumer, excluding credit card, PCI loans.



(in millions, except ratios)	Home equity						Prime mortgage						Subprime mortgage						Option ARMs						Total PCI
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Carrying value^(a)	$	14,000		$	14,989		$	8,240		$	8,893		$	3,089		$	3,263		$	13,031		$	13,853		$	38,360		$	40,998
Related allowance for loan losses^(b)	1,708			1,708			897			985			—			—			49			49			2,654			2,742
Loan delinquency (based on unpaid principal balance)
Current	$	13,500		$	14,387		$	7,374		$	7,894		$	3,145		$	3,232		$	11,782		$	12,370		$	35,801		$	37,883
30–149 days past due	279			322			383			424			387			439			615			711			1,664			1,896
150 or more days past due	543			633			507			601			274			380			1,028			1,272			2,352			2,886
Total loans	$	14,322		$	15,342		$	8,264		$	8,919		$	3,806		$	4,051		$	13,425		$	14,353		$	39,817		$	42,665
% of 30+ days past due to total loans	5.74		%	6.22		%	10.77		%	11.49		%	17.37		%	20.22		%	12.24		%	13.82		%	10.09		%	11.21		%
Current estimated LTV ratios (based on unpaid principal balance)^(c)(d)
Greater than 125% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	$	100		$	153		$	7		$	10		$	6		$	10		$	15		$	19		$	128		$	192
Less than 660	53			80			18			28			37			55			27			36			135			199
101% to 125% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	722			942			73			120			52			77			108			166			955			1,305
Less than 660	335			444			108			152			167			220			179			239			789			1,055
80% to 100% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	2,279			2,709			604			816			269			331			747			977			3,899			4,833
Less than 660	974			1,136			476			614			522			643			813			1,050			2,785			3,443
Lower than 80% and refreshed FICO scores:
Equal to or greater than 660	6,821			6,724			4,164			4,243			921			863			6,994			7,073			18,900			18,903
Less than 660	2,250			2,265			2,382			2,438			1,644			1,642			3,913			4,065			10,189			10,410
No FICO/LTV available	788			889			432			498			188			210			629			728			2,037			2,325
Total unpaid principal balance	$	14,322		$	15,342		$	8,264		$	8,919		$	3,806		$	4,051		$	13,425		$	14,353		$	39,817		$	42,665
Geographic region (based on unpaid principal balance)
California	$	8,590		$	9,205		$	4,791		$	5,172		$	952		$	1,005		$	7,620		$	8,108		$	21,953		$	23,490
New York	745			788			538			580			377			400			758			813			2,418			2,581
Illinois	339			358			242			263			185			196			297			333			1,063			1,150
Texas	204			224			86			94			227			243			70			75			587			636
Florida	1,393			1,479			540			586			348			373			1,098			1,183			3,379			3,621
New Jersey	297			310			222			238			129			139			431			470			1,079			1,157
Washington	748			819			180			194			74			81			319			339			1,321			1,433
Arizona	263			281			133			143			72			76			193			203			661			703
Michigan	41			44			131			141			106			113			140			150			418			448
Ohio	15			17			42			45			59			62			54			61			170			185
All other	1,687			1,817			1,359			1,463			1,277			1,363			2,445			2,618			6,768			7,261
Total unpaid principal balance	$	14,322		$	15,342		$	8,264		$	8,919		$	3,806		$	4,051		$	13,425		$	14,353		$	39,817		$	42,665


(a)	Carrying value includes the effect of fair value adjustments that were applied to the consumer PCI portfolio at the date of acquisition.


(b)	Management concluded as part of the Firm’s regular assessment of the PCI loan pools that it was probable that higher expected credit losses would result in a decrease in expected cash flows. As a result, an allowance for loan losses for impairment of these pools has been recognized.

(c)


(d)	Refreshed FICO scores represent each borrower’s most recent credit score, which is obtained by the Firm on at least a quarterly basis.

132

Approximately 23% of the PCI home equity portfolio are senior lien loans; the remaining balance are junior lien HELOANs or HELOCs. The following tables set forth delinquency statistics for PCI junior lien home equity loans and lines of credit based on the unpaid principal balance as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.



	Total loans				Total 30+ day delinquency rate
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015
HELOCs:^(a)
Within the revolving period^(b)	$	3,476	$	5,000	3.60	%	4.10	%
Beyond the revolving period^(c)	6,975		6,252		3.94		4.46
HELOANs	525		582		4.76		5.33
Total	$	10,976	$	11,834	3.87	%	4.35	%


(a)	In general, these HELOCs are revolving loans for a 10-year period, after which time the HELOC converts to an interest-only loan with a balloon payment at the end of the loan’s term.


(b)	Substantially all undrawn HELOCs within the revolving period have been closed.


(c)	Includes loans modified into fixed rate amortizing loans.

The table below sets forth the accretable yield activity for the Firm’s PCI consumer loans for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, and represents the Firm’s estimate of gross interest income expected to be earned over the remaining life of the PCI loan portfolios. The table excludes the cost to fund the PCI portfolios, and therefore the accretable yield does not represent net interest income expected to be earned on these portfolios.



	Total PCI
(in millions, except ratios)	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except ratios)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Beginning balance	$	12,674		$	14,034		$	13,491		$	14,592
Accretion into interest income	(395		)	(430		)	(802		)	(866		)
Changes in interest rates on variable-rate loans	25			12			101			18
Other changes in expected cash flows^(a)	(3		)	125			(489		)	(3		)
Balance at June 30	$	12,301		$	13,741		$	12,301		$	13,741
Accretable yield percentage	4.37		%	4.18		%	4.36		%	4.16		%


(a)	Other changes in expected cash flows may vary from period to period as the Firm continues to refine its cash flow model and periodically updates model assumptions. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, other changes in expected cash flows were driven by changes in prepayment assumptions.

The factors that most significantly affect estimates of gross cash flows expected to be collected, and accordingly the accretable yield balance, include: (i) changes in the benchmark interest rate indices for variable-rate products such as option ARMs and home equity loans; and (ii) changes in prepayment assumptions.

Active and suspended foreclosure

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm had PCI residential real estate loans with an unpaid principal balance of $1.9 billion and $2.3 billion, respectively, that were not included in REO, but were in the process of active or suspended foreclosure.

Credit card loan portfolio

The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s credit card loans.



(in millions, except ratios)	June 30, 2016			December 31, 2015
Loan delinquency
Current and less than 30 days past due and still accruing	$	129,664		$	129,502
30–89 days past due and still accruing	926			941
90 or more days past due and still accruing	917			944
Total retained credit card loans	$	131,507		$	131,387
Loan delinquency ratios
% of 30+ days past due to total retained loans	1.40		%	1.43		%
% of 90+ days past due to total retained loans	0.70			0.72
Credit card loans by geographic region
California	$	18,946		$	18,802
Texas	12,086			11,847
New York	11,323			11,360
Florida	7,823			7,806
Illinois	7,670			7,655
New Jersey	5,847			5,879
Ohio	4,624			4,700
Pennsylvania	4,465			4,533
Michigan	3,504			3,562
Colorado	3,486			3,399
All other	51,733			51,844
Total retained credit card loans	$	131,507		$	131,387
Percentage of portfolio based on carrying value with estimated refreshed FICO scores^(a)
Equal to or greater than 660	85.2		%	84.4		%
Less than 660	13.4			13.1
No FICO available	1.4			2.5


(a)	The current period percentage of portfolio based on carrying value with estimated refreshed FICO scores disclosures have been updated to reflect where the FICO score is unavailable. The prior period amounts have been revised to conform with the current presentation.

Credit card impaired loans and loan modifications

For a detailed discussion of impaired credit card loans, including credit card loan modifications, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

133

The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s impaired credit card loans. All of these loans are considered to be impaired as they have been modified in TDRs.



(in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Impaired credit card loans with an allowance^(a)(b)
Credit card loans with modified payment terms^(c)	$	1,156	$	1,286
Modified credit card loans that have reverted to pre-modification payment terms^(d)	151		179
Total impaired credit card loans^(e)	$	1,307	$	1,465
Allowance for loan losses related to impaired credit card loans	$	361	$	460


(a)	The carrying value and the unpaid principal balance are the same for credit card impaired loans.


(b)	There were no impaired loans without an allowance.


(c)	Represents credit card loans outstanding to borrowers enrolled in a credit card modification program as of the date presented.


(d)	Represents credit card loans that were modified in TDRs but that have subsequently reverted back to the loans’ pre-modification payment terms.

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, $96 million and $113 million, respectively, of loans have reverted back to the pre-modification payment terms of the loans due to noncompliance with the terms of the modified loans. The remaining $55 million and $66 million at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, of these loans are to borrowers who have successfully completed a short-term modification program. The Firm continues to report these loans as TDRs since the borrowers’ credit lines remain closed.


(e)	Predominantly all impaired credit card loans are in the U.S.

The following table presents average balances of impaired credit card loans and interest income recognized on those loans.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Average impaired credit card loans	$	1,345	$	1,769	$	1,390	$	1,854
Interest income on impaired credit card loans	16		21		33		44

Loan modifications

The Firm may modify loans to credit card borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. Most of these loans have been modified under programs that involve placing the customer on a fixed payment plan with a reduced interest rate, generally for 60 months. All of these credit card loan modifications are considered to be TDRs. New enrollments in these loan modification programs were $141 million and $151 million, for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $300 million and $329 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. For additional information about credit card loan modifications, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Financial effects of modifications and redefaults

The following table provides information about the financial effects of the concessions granted on credit card loans modified in TDRs and redefaults for the periods presented.



(in millions, except weighted-average data)	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except weighted-average data)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Weighted-average interest rate of loans – before TDR	15.61		%	15.15		%	15.54		%	15.16		%
Weighted-average interest rate of loans – after TDR	4.85			4.27			4.82			4.28
Loans that redefaulted within one year of modification^(a)	$	18		$	20		$	37		$	42


(a)	Represents loans modified in TDRs that experienced a payment default in the periods presented, and for which the payment default occurred within one year of the modification. The amounts presented represent the balance of such loans as of the end of the quarter in which they defaulted.

For credit card loans modified in TDRs, payment default is deemed to have occurred when the loans become two payments past due. A substantial portion of these loans is expected to be charged-off in accordance with the Firm’s standard charge-off policy. Based on historical experience, the estimated weighted-average default rate for modified credit card loans was expected to be 27.62% and 25.61% as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

134

Wholesale loan portfolio

Wholesale loans include loans made to a variety of customers, ranging from large corporate and institutional clients to high-net-worth individuals. The primary credit quality indicator for wholesale loans is the risk rating

assigned to each loan. For further information on these risk ratings, see Note 14 and Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015

Annual Report.

The table below provides information by class of receivable for the retained loans in the Wholesale portfolio segment.



	Commercial and industrial						Real estate						Financial institutions						Government agencies						Other^(d)						Total retained loans
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Loans by risk ratings
Investment-grade	$	64,981		$	62,150		$	80,968		$	74,330		$	23,869		$	21,786		$	14,032		$	11,363		$	96,234		$	98,107		$	280,084		$	267,736
Noninvestment-grade:
Noncriticized	46,665			45,632			17,202			17,008			6,662			7,667			465			256			12,663			11,390			83,657			81,953
Criticized performing	7,024			4,542			837			1,251			292			320			6			7			181			253			8,340			6,373
Criticized nonaccrual	1,662			608			223			231			17			10			—			—			191			139			2,093			988
Total noninvestment- grade	55,351			50,782			18,262			18,490			6,971			7,997			471			263			13,035			11,782			94,090			89,314
Total retained loans	$	120,332		$	112,932		$	99,230		$	92,820		$	30,840		$	29,783		$	14,503		$	11,626		$	109,269		$	109,889		$	374,174		$	357,050
% of total criticized exposure to total retained loans	7.22		%	4.56		%	1.07		%	1.60		%	1.00		%	1.11		%	0.04		%	0.06		%	0.34		%	0.36		%	2.79		%	2.06		%
% of criticized nonaccrual to total retained loans	1.38			0.54			0.22			0.25			0.06			0.03			—			—			0.17			0.13			0.56			0.28

Loans by geographic distribution^(a)
Total non-U.S.	$	32,659		$	30,063		$	3,152		$	3,003		$	16,741		$	17,166		$	4,302		$	1,788		$	42,262		$	42,031		$	99,116		$	94,051
Total U.S.	87,673			82,869			96,078			89,817			14,099			12,617			10,201			9,838			67,007			67,858			275,058			262,999
Total retained loans	$	120,332		$	112,932		$	99,230		$	92,820		$	30,840		$	29,783		$	14,503		$	11,626		$	109,269		$	109,889		$	374,174		$	357,050

Loan delinquency^(b)
Current and less than 30 days past due and still accruing	$	118,447		$	112,058		$	98,947		$	92,381		$	30,727		$	29,713		$	14,484		$	11,565		$	108,152		$	108,734		$	370,757		$	354,451
30–89 days past due and still accruing	165			259			56			193			80			49			15			55			904			988			1,220			1,544
90 or more days past due and still accruing^(c)	58			7			4			15			16			11			4			6			22			28			104			67
Criticized nonaccrual	1,662			608			223			231			17			10			—			—			191			139			2,093			988
Total retained loans	$	120,332		$	112,932		$	99,230		$	92,820		$	30,840		$	29,783		$	14,503		$	11,626		$	109,269		$	109,889		$	374,174		$	357,050


(a)	The U.S. and non-U.S. distribution is determined based predominantly on the domicile of the borrower.


(b)	The credit quality of wholesale loans is assessed primarily through ongoing review and monitoring of an obligor’s ability to meet contractual obligations rather than relying on the past due status, which is generally a lagging indicator of credit quality. For further discussion, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.


(c)	Represents loans that are considered well-collateralized and therefore still accruing interest.


(d)	Other includes: individuals; SPEs; holding companies; and private education and civic organizations. For more information on exposures to SPEs, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

135

The following table presents additional information on the real estate class of loans within the Wholesale portfolio segment for the periods indicated. For further information on real estate loans, see Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.



(in millions, except ratios)	Multifamily						Commercial lessors						Commercial construction and development						Other						Total real estate loans
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Real estate retained loans	$	62,396		$	60,290		$	23,900		$	20,062		$	5,205		$	4,920		$	7,729		$	7,548		$	99,230		$	92,820
Criticized exposure	514			520			483			844			55			43			8			75			1,060			1,482
% of total criticized exposure to total real estate retained loans	0.82		%	0.86		%	2.02		%	4.21		%	1.06		%	0.87		%	0.10		%	0.99		%	1.07		%	1.60		%
Criticized nonaccrual	$	117		$	85		$	106		$	100		$	—		$	1		$	—		$	45		$	223		$	231
% of criticized nonaccrual loans to total real estate retained loans	0.19		%	0.14		%	0.44		%	0.50		%	—		%	0.02		%	—		%	0.60		%	0.22		%	0.25		%

Wholesale impaired loans and loan modifications

Wholesale impaired loans consist of loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status and/or that have been modified in a TDR. All impaired loans are evaluated for an asset-specific allowance as described in Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The table below sets forth information about the Firm’s wholesale impaired loans.



(in millions)	Commercial and industrial				Real estate				Financial institutions				Government agencies				Other				Total retained loans
(in millions)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Impaired loans
With an allowance	$	1,423	$	522	$	150	$	148	$	17	$	10	$	—	$	—	$	58	$	46	$	1,648		$	726
Without an allowance^(a)	278		98		89		106		—		—		—		—		134		94		501			298
Total impaired loans	$	1,701	$	620	$	239	$	254	$	17	$	10	$	—	$	—	$	192	$	140	$	2,149	^(c)	$	1,024	^(c)
Allowance for loan losses related to impaired loans	$	468	$	220	$	25	$	27	$	4	$	3	$	—	$	—	$	28	$	24	$	525		$	274
Unpaid principal balance of impaired loans^(b)	1,942		669		340		363		20		13		—		—		208		164		2,510			1,209


(a)	When the discounted cash flows, collateral value or market price equals or exceeds the recorded investment in the loan, the loan does not require an allowance. This typically occurs when the impaired loans have been partially charged-off and/or there have been interest payments received and applied to the loan balance.


(b)	Represents the contractual amount of principal owed at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. The unpaid principal balance differs from the impaired loan balances due to various factors, including charge-offs; interest payments received and applied to the carrying value; net deferred loan fees or costs; and unamortized discount or premiums on purchased loans.


(c)	Based upon the domicile of the borrower, largely consists of loans in the U.S.

The following table presents the Firm’s average impaired loans for the periods indicated.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Commercial and industrial	$	1,704	$	355	$	1,413	$	303
Real estate	235		242		234		255
Financial institutions	11		15		11		15
Government agencies	—		1		—		1
Other	194		114		189		111
Total^(a)	$	2,144	$	727	$	1,847	$	685


(a)	The related interest income on accruing impaired loans and interest income recognized on a cash basis were not material for the three and six months

ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

Certain loan modifications are considered to be TDRs as they provide various concessions to borrowers who are experiencing financial difficulty. All TDRs are reported as impaired loans in the tables above. TDRs were $355 million and $208 million as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

136

Note 14 – Allowance for credit losses

For detailed discussion of the allowance for credit losses and the related accounting policies, see Note 15 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Allowance for credit losses and related information

The table below summarizes information about the allowances for loan losses and lending-related commitments, and includes a breakdown of loans and lending-related commitments by impairment methodology.



	2016													2015
Six months ended June 30, (in millions)	Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card				Wholesale			Total			Consumer, excluding credit card			Credit card				Wholesale			Total
Allowance for loan losses
Beginning balance at January 1,	$	5,806		$	3,434			$	4,315		$	13,555		7,050			$	3,439			$	3,696		$	14,185
Gross charge-offs	688			1,874				228			2,790			827			1,776				33			2,636
Gross recoveries	(301		)	(184		)		(14		)	(499		)	(337		)	(187		)		(53		)	(577		)
Net charge-offs/(recoveries)	387			1,690				214			2,291			490			1,589				(20		)	2,059
Write-offs of PCI loans^(a)	88			—				—			88			110			—				—			110
Provision for loan losses	316			1,940				796			3,052			42			1,589				265			1,896
Other	(1		)	—				—			(1		)	—			(5		)		8			3
Ending balance at June 30,	$	5,646		$	3,684			$	4,897		$	14,227		$	6,492		$	3,434			$	3,989		$	13,915

Allowance for loan losses by impairment methodology
Asset-specific^(b)	$	365		$	361		^(c)	$	525		$	1,251		$	436		$	518		^(c)	$	147		$	1,101
Formula-based	2,627			3,323				4,372			10,322			2,841			2,916				3,842			9,599
PCI	2,654			—				—			2,654			3,215			—				—			3,215
Total allowance for loan losses	$	5,646		$	3,684			$	4,897		$	14,227		$	6,492		$	3,434			$	3,989		$	13,915

Loans by impairment methodology
Asset-specific	$	9,370		$	1,307			$	2,149		$	12,826		$	9,960		$	1,685			$	908		$	12,553
Formula-based	313,320			130,200				372,021			815,541			263,015			123,020				337,307			723,342
PCI	38,360			—				4			38,364			43,806			—				4			43,810
Total retained loans	$	361,050		$	131,507			$	374,174		$	866,731		$	316,781		$	124,705			$	338,219		$	779,705

Impaired collateral-dependent loans
Net charge-offs	$	43		$	—			$	5		$	48		$	33		$	—			$	2		$	35
Loans measured at fair value of collateral less cost to sell	2,431			—				295			2,726			2,695			—				307			3,002

Allowance for lending-related commitments
Beginning balance at January 1,	$	14		$	—			$	772		$	786		$	13		$	—			$	609		$	622
Provision for lending-related commitments	—			—				174			174			2			—				(4		)	(2		)
Ending balance at June 30,	$	14		$	—			$	946		$	960		$	15		$	—			$	605		$	620

Allowance for lending-related commitments by impairment methodology
Asset-specific	$	—		$	—			$	143		$	143		$	—		$	—			$	55		$	55
Formula-based	14			—				803			817			15			—				550			565
Total allowance for lending-related commitments	$	14		$	—			$	946		$	960		$	15		$	—			$	605		$	620

Lending-related commitments by impairment methodology
Asset-specific	$	—		$	—			$	460		$	460		$	—		$	—			$	133		$	133
Formula-based	59,224			539,105				356,685			955,014			59,817			523,717				351,915			935,449
Total lending-related commitments	$	59,224		$	539,105			$	357,145		$	955,474		$	59,817		$	523,717			$	352,048		$	935,582


(a)	Write-offs of PCI loans are recorded against the allowance for loan losses when actual losses for a pool exceed estimated losses that were recorded as purchase accounting adjustments at the time of acquisition. A write-off of a PCI loan is recognized when the underlying loan is removed from a pool (e.g., upon liquidation).


(b)	Includes risk-rated loans that have been placed on nonaccrual status and loans that have been modified in a TDR.


(c)	The asset-specific credit card allowance for loan losses is related to loans that have been modified in a TDR; such allowance is calculated based on the loans’ original contractual interest rates and does not consider any incremental penalty rates.

137

Note 15 – Variable interest entities

For a further description of JPMorgan Chase’s accounting policies regarding consolidation of VIEs, see Note 1 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following table summarizes the most significant types of Firm-sponsored VIEs by business segment.



Line-of-Business	Transaction Type	Activity	Form 10-Q page reference
CCB	Credit card securitization trusts	Securitization of both originated and purchased credit card receivables	138
	Mortgage securitization trusts	Servicing and securitization of both originated and purchased residential mortgages	138–140
CIB	Mortgage and other securitization trusts	Securitization of both originated and purchased residential and commercial mortgages, and student loans	138–140
	Multi-seller conduits Investor intermediation activities:	Assist clients in accessing the financial markets in a cost-efficient manner and structures transactions to meet investor needs	140
	Municipal bond vehicles		140–141

The Firm also invests in and provides financing and other services to VIEs sponsored by third parties, as described on page 141 of this Note.

Significant Firm-sponsored variable interest entities

Credit card securitizations

For a more detailed discussion of JPMorgan Chase’s involvement with credit card securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

As a result of the Firm’s continuing involvement, the Firm is considered to be the primary beneficiary of its Firm-sponsored credit card securitization trusts, including its primary vehicle, the Chase Issuance Trust. See the table on page 142 of this Note for further information on consolidated VIE assets and liabilities.

Firm-sponsored mortgage and other securitization trusts

The Firm securitizes (or has securitized) originated and purchased residential mortgages, commercial mortgages and other consumer loans (including student loans) primarily in its CCB and CIB businesses. Depending on the particular transaction, as well as the respective business involved, the Firm may act as the servicer of the loans and/or retain certain beneficial interests in the securitization trusts.

For a detailed discussion of the Firm’s involvement with Firm-sponsored mortgage and other securitization trusts, as well as the accounting treatment relating to such trusts, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

138

The following table presents the total unpaid principal amount of assets held in Firm-sponsored private-label securitization entities, including those in which the Firm has continuing involvement, and those that are consolidated by the Firm. Continuing involvement includes servicing the loans; holding senior interests or subordinated interests; recourse or guarantee arrangements; and derivative transactions. In certain instances, the Firm’s only continuing involvement is servicing the loans. See Securitization activity on page 143 of this Note for further information regarding the Firm’s cash flows with and interests retained in nonconsolidated VIEs, and page 143 of this Note for information on the Firm’s loan sales to U.S. government agencies.



	Principal amount outstanding						JPMorgan Chase interest in securitized assets in nonconsolidated VIEs^(c)(d)(e)
June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Total assets held by securitization VIEs		Assets held in consolidated securitization VIEs		Assets held in nonconsolidated securitization VIEs with continuing involvement		Trading assets		AFS securities		Total interests held by JPMorgan Chase
Securitization-related^(a)
Residential mortgage:
Prime/Alt-A and option ARMs	$	80,751	$	2,988	$	61,235	$	142	$	1,455	$	1,597
Subprime	22,990		5		21,230		69		—		69
Commercial and other^(b)	112,384		107		76,159		958		2,958		3,916
Total	$	216,125	$	3,100	$	158,624	$	1,169	$	4,413	$	5,582



	Principal amount outstanding						JPMorgan Chase interest in securitized assets in nonconsolidated VIEs^(c)(d)(e)
December 31, 2015 (in millions)	Total assets held by securitization VIEs		Assets held in consolidated securitization VIEs		Assets held in nonconsolidated securitization VIEs with continuing involvement		Trading assets		AFS securities		Total interests held by JPMorgan Chase
Securitization-related^(a)
Residential mortgage:
Prime/Alt-A and option ARMs	$	85,687	$	1,400	$	66,708	$	394	$	1,619	$	2,013
Subprime	24,389		64		22,549		109		—		109
Commercial and other^(b)	123,474		107		80,319		447		3,451		3,898
Total	$	233,550	$	1,571	$	169,576	$	950	$	5,070	$	6,020


(a)	Excludes U.S. government agency securitizations. See page 143 of this Note for information on the Firm’s loan sales to U.S. government agencies.


(b)	Consists of securities backed by commercial loans (predominantly real estate) and non-mortgage-related consumer receivables purchased from third parties. The Firm generally does not retain a residual interest in its sponsored commercial mortgage securitization transactions.

(c)

Excludes the following: retained servicing (see Note 16 for a discussion of MSRs); securities retained from loan sales to U.S. government agencies; interest rate and foreign exchange derivatives primarily used to manage interest rate and foreign exchange risks of securitization entities (See Note 5 for further information on derivatives); senior and subordinated securities of $142 million and $9 million, respectively, at June 30, 2016, and $163 million and $73 million, respectively, at December 31, 2015, which the Firm purchased in connection with CIB’s secondary market-making activities.


(d)	Includes interests held in re-securitization transactions.

(e)

As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, 54% and 76%, respectively, of the Firm’s retained securitization interests, which are carried at fair value, were risk-rated “A” or better, on an S&P-equivalent basis. The retained interests in prime residential mortgages consisted of $1.5 billion and $1.9 billion of investment-grade and $51 million and $93 million of noninvestment-grade retained interests at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively. The retained interests in commercial and other securitizations trusts consisted of $3.7 billion and $3.7 billion of investment-grade and $235 million and $198 million of noninvestment-grade retained interests at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

139

Residential mortgage

For a more detailed description of the Firm’s involvement with residential mortgage securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm did not consolidate the assets of certain Firm-sponsored residential mortgage securitization VIEs, in which the Firm had continuing involvement, primarily due to the fact that the Firm did not hold an interest in these trusts that could potentially be significant to the trusts. See the table on page 142 of this Note for more information on the consolidated residential mortgage securitizations, and the table on the previous page of this Note for further information on interests held in nonconsolidated residential mortgage securitizations.

Commercial mortgages and other consumer securitizations

CIB originates and securitizes commercial mortgage loans, and engages in underwriting and trading activities involving the securities issued by securitization trusts. For a more detailed description of the Firm’s involvement with commercial mortgage and other consumer securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report. See the table on page 142 of this Note for more information on the consolidated commercial mortgage securitizations, and the table on the previous page of this Note for further information on interests held in nonconsolidated securitizations.

Re-securitizations

For a more detailed description of JPMorgan Chase’s

participation in certain re-securitization transactions, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

During the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Firm transferred $3.5 billion and $6.3 billion, respectively, of securities to agency VIEs, and $144 million and $255 million, respectively, of securities to private-label VIEs.

During the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Firm transferred $6.4 billion and $10.2 billion, respectively, of securities to agency VIEs, and $144 million and $727 million, respectively, of securities to private-label VIEs.

As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, total assets (including the notional amount of interest-only securities) of nonconsolidated Firm-sponsored private-label re-securitization entities in which the Firm has continuing involvement were $2.4 billion and $2.2 billion, respectively. At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm held approximately $2.5 billion and $4.6 billion, respectively, of interests in nonconsolidated agency re-securitization entities. The Firm’s exposure to non-consolidated private-label re-securitization entities as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015 was not material. As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm did not consolidate any agency re-securitizations. As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm consolidated an insignificant amount of assets and liabilities of Firm-sponsored private-label re-securitizations.

Multi-seller conduits

For a more detailed description of JPMorgan Chase’s principal involvement with Firm-administered multi-seller conduits, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

In the normal course of business, JPMorgan Chase makes markets in and invests in commercial paper issued by the Firm-administered multi-seller conduits. The Firm held $19.1 billion and $15.7 billion of the commercial paper issued by the Firm-administered multi-seller conduits at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively. The Firm’s investments reflect the Firm’s funding needs and capacity and were not driven by market illiquidity. The Firm is not obligated under any agreement to purchase the commercial paper issued by the Firm-administered multi-seller conduits.

Deal-specific liquidity facilities, program-wide liquidity and credit enhancement provided by the Firm have been eliminated in consolidation. The Firm or the Firm-administered multi-seller conduits provide lending-related commitments to certain clients of the Firm-administered multi-seller conduits. The unfunded portion of these commitments was $9.0 billion and $5.6 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, and are reported as off-balance sheet lending-related commitments. For more information on off-balance sheet lending-related commitments, see Note 21.

VIEs associated with investor intermediation activities

Municipal bond vehicles

For a more detailed description of JPMorgan Chase’s principal involvement with municipal bond vehicles, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

140

The Firm’s exposure to nonconsolidated municipal bond VIEs at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, including the ratings profile of the VIEs’ assets, was as follows.



(in millions)	Fair value of assets held by VIEs		Liquidity facilities		Excess/(deficit)^(a)		Maximum exposure
Nonconsolidated municipal bond vehicles
June 30, 2016	$	3,566	$	1,973	$	1,593	$	1,973
December 31, 2015	6,937		3,794		3,143		3,794



	Ratings profile of VIE assets^(b)										Fair value of assets held by VIEs		Wt. avg. expected life of assets (years)
	Investment-grade
(in millions, except where otherwise noted)	AAA to AAA-		AA+ to AA-		A+ to A-		BBB+ to BBB-		Unrated^(c)
June 30, 2016	$	970	$	2,286	$	153	$	24	$	133	$	3,566	3.9
December 31, 2015	1,743		4,631		448		24		91		6,937		4.0


(a)	Represents the excess of the fair values of municipal bond assets available to repay the liquidity facilities, if drawn.


(b)	The ratings scale is presented on an S&P-equivalent basis.


(c)	These security positions have been defeased by the municipality and no longer carry credit ratings, but are backed by high quality assets such as U.S. treasuries and cash.

VIEs sponsored by third parties

The Firm enters into transactions with VIEs structured by other parties. These include, for example, acting as a derivative counterparty, liquidity provider, investor, underwriter, placement agent, remarketing agent, trustee or custodian. These transactions are conducted at arm’s-length, and individual credit decisions are based on the analysis of the specific VIE, taking into consideration the quality of the underlying assets. Where the Firm does not have the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, or a variable interest that could potentially be significant, the Firm records and reports these positions on its Consolidated balance sheets in the same manner it would record and report positions in respect of any other third-party transaction.

141

Consolidated VIE assets and liabilities

The following table presents information on assets and liabilities related to VIEs consolidated by the Firm as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.



	Assets								Liabilities
June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Trading assets		Loans		Other^(c)		Total assets^(d)		Beneficial interests in VIE assets^(e)		Other^(f)		Total liabilities
VIE program type^(a)
Firm-sponsored credit card trusts	$	—	$	40,438	$	705	$	41,143	$	28,955	$	15	$	28,970
Firm-administered multi-seller conduits	8		24,282		43		24,333		5,357		28		5,385
Municipal bond vehicles	3,422		—		12		3,434		3,348		2		3,350
Mortgage securitization entities^(b)	635		2,365		80		3,080		728		590		1,318
Student loan securitization entities	—		1,803		60		1,863		1,641		5		1,646
Other	196		—		2,646		2,842		198		110		308
Total	$	4,261	$	68,888	$	3,546	$	76,695	$	40,227	$	750	$	40,977

	Assets								Liabilities
December 31, 2015 (in millions)	Trading assets		Loans		Other^(c)		Total assets^(d)		Beneficial interests in VIE assets^(e)		Other^(f)		Total liabilities
VIE program type^(a)
Firm-sponsored credit card trusts	$	—	$	47,358	$	718	$	48,076	$	27,906	$	15	$	27,921
Firm-administered multi-seller conduits	—		24,388		37		24,425		8,724		19		8,743
Municipal bond vehicles	2,686		—		5		2,691		2,597		1		2,598
Mortgage securitization entities^(b)	840		1,433		27		2,300		777		643		1,420
Student loan securitization entities	—		1,925		62		1,987		1,760		5		1,765
Other	210		—		1,916		2,126		115		126		241
Total	$	3,736	$	75,104	$	2,765	$	81,605	$	41,879	$	809	$	42,688


(a)	Excludes intercompany transactions which were eliminated in consolidation.


(b)	Includes residential and commercial mortgage securitizations as well as re-securitizations.


(c)	Includes assets classified as cash, AFS securities, and other assets on the Consolidated balance sheets.


(d)	The assets of the consolidated VIEs included in the program types above are used to settle the liabilities of those entities. The difference between total assets and total liabilities recognized for consolidated VIEs represents the Firm’s interest in the consolidated VIEs for each program type.

(e)

The interest-bearing beneficial interest liabilities issued by consolidated VIEs are classified in the line item on the Consolidated balance sheets titled, “Beneficial interests issued by consolidated variable interest entities.” The holders of these beneficial interests do not have recourse to the general credit of JPMorgan Chase. Included in beneficial interests in VIE assets are long-term beneficial interests of $31.5 billion and $30.6 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively. The maturities of the long-term beneficial interests as of June 30, 2016, were as follows: $9.3 billion under one year, $19.1 billion between one and five years, and $3.1 billion over five years.


(f)	Includes liabilities classified as accounts payable and other liabilities on the Consolidated balance sheets.

Loan securitizations

The Firm has securitized and sold a variety of loans, including residential mortgage, credit card, student and commercial (primarily related to real estate) loans. For a further description of the Firm’s accounting policies regarding securitizations, see Note 16 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

142

Securitization activity

The following table provides information related to the Firm’s securitization activities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, related to assets held in JPMorgan Chase-sponsored securitization entities that were not consolidated by the Firm, and where sale accounting was achieved based on the accounting rules in effect at the time of the securitization.



	Three months ended June 30,								Six months ended June 30,
	2016				2015				2016				2015
(in millions)	Residential mortgage^(d)		Commercial and other^(e)		Residential mortgage^(d)		Commercial and other^(e)		Residential mortgage^(d)		Commercial and other^(e)		Residential mortgage^(d)		Commercial and other^(e)
Principal securitized	$	413	$	1,034	$	380	$	2,676	$	413	$	2,358	$	1,692	$	6,051
All cash flows during the period:^(a)
Proceeds from new securitizations^(b)	$	413	$	1,062	$	385	$	2,689	$	413	$	2,373	$	1,702	$	6,058
Servicing fees collected	111		1		134		1		223		1		280		2
Purchases of previously transferred financial assets (or the underlying collateral)^(c)	—		—		1		—		37		—		1		—
Cash flows received on interests	111		307		116		128		205		580		186		207


(a)	Excludes re-securitization transactions.

(b)

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, $413 million and $413 million, respectively, of proceeds from residential mortgage securitizations were received as securities classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2016, $1.1 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively, of proceeds from commercial mortgage securitizations were received as securities classified in level 2 and $2 million proceeds classified as level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, $385 million and $1.7 billion of proceeds from residential mortgage securitizations were received as securities classified in level 2 and no proceeds classified as level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2015, $2.7 billion and $6.0 billion, respectively, of proceeds from commercial mortgage securitizations were received as securities classified in level 2 and $38 million of proceeds classified as level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, and no proceeds from commercial mortgage securitization were received as cash. All loans transferred into securitization vehicles during the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, were classified as trading assets; and changes in fair value were recorded in principal transactions revenue. The Firm elected the fair value option for loans pending securitization. The carrying value of these loans accounted for at fair value approximated the proceeds received from securitization.


(c)	Includes cash paid by the Firm to reacquire assets from off–balance sheet, nonconsolidated entities – for example, loan repurchases due to representation and warranties and servicer clean-up calls.


(d)	Includes prime, Alt-A, subprime, and option ARMs. Excludes certain loan securitization transactions entered into with Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.


(e)	Includes commercial mortgage and student loan securitizations.

Loans and excess MSRs sold to U.S. government-sponsored enterprises , loans in securitization transactions pursuant to Ginnie Mae guidelines, and other third-party-sponsored securitization entities

In addition to the amounts reported in the securitization activity tables above, the Firm, in the normal course of business, sells originated and purchased mortgage loans and certain originated excess MSRs on a nonrecourse basis, predominantly to U.S. government-sponsored enterprises (“U.S. GSEs”). These loans and excess MSRs are sold primarily for the purpose of securitization by the U.S. GSEs, who provide certain guarantee provisions (e.g., credit enhancement of the loans). The Firm also sells loans into securitization transactions pursuant to Ginnie Mae guidelines; these loans are typically insured or guaranteed by another U.S. government agency. The Firm does not consolidate the securitization vehicles underlying these transactions as it is not the primary beneficiary. For a limited number of loan sales, the Firm is obligated to share a portion of the credit risk associated with the sold loans with the purchaser. See Note 21 of this Form 10-Q, and Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report for additional information about the Firm’s loan sales- and securitization-related indemnifications. See Note 16 for additional information about the impact of the Firm’s sale of

certain excess MSRs. The following table summarizes the activities related to loans sold to the U.S. GSEs, loans in securitization transactions pursuant to Ginnie Mae guidelines, and other third-party-sponsored securitization entities.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Carrying value of loans sold	$	8,824	$	10,660	$	17,836	$	22,799
Proceeds received from loan sales as cash	234		48		238		99
Proceeds received from loans sales as securities^(a)	8,548		10,559		17,503		22,588
Total proceeds received from loan sales^(b)	$	8,782	$	10,607	$	17,741	$	22,687
Gains on loan sales^(c)	$	64	$	86	$	114	$	177


(a)	Predominantly includes securities from U.S. GSEs and Ginnie Mae that are generally sold shortly after receipt.


(b)	Excludes the value of MSRs retained upon the sale of loans. Gains on loan sales include the value of MSRs.


(c)	The carrying value of the loans accounted for at fair value approximated the proceeds received upon loan sale.

143

Options to repurchase delinquent loans

In addition to the Firm’s obligation to repurchase certain loans due to material breaches of representations and warranties as discussed in Note 21, the Firm also has the option to repurchase delinquent loans that it services for Ginnie Mae loan pools, as well as for other U.S. government agencies under certain arrangements. The Firm typically elects to repurchase delinquent loans from Ginnie Mae loan pools as it continues to service them and/or manage the foreclosure process in accordance with the applicable requirements, and such loans continue to be insured or guaranteed. When the Firm’s repurchase option becomes exercisable, such loans must be reported on the Consolidated balance sheets as a loan with a corresponding

liability. As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm had recorded on its Consolidated balance sheets $10.2 billion and $11.1 billion, respectively, of loans that either had been repurchased or for which the Firm had an option to repurchase. Predominantly all of these amounts relate to loans that have been repurchased from Ginnie Mae loan pools. Additionally, real estate owned resulting from voluntary repurchases of loans was $355 million and $343 million as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively. Substantially all of these loans and real estate owned are insured or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies. For additional information, refer to Note 13 of this Form 10-Q and Note 14 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Loan delinquencies and liquidation losses

The table below includes information about components of nonconsolidated securitized financial assets, in which the Firm has continuing involvement, and delinquencies as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.



									Liquidation losses
	Securitized assets				90 days past due				Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016		Dec 31, 2015		2016		2015		2016		2015
Securitized loans^(a)
Residential mortgage:
Prime / Alt-A & option ARMs	$	61,235	$	66,708	$	7,055	$	8,325	$	318	$	454	$	658	$	916
Subprime	21,230		22,549		4,853		5,448		296		371		618		725
Commercial and other	76,159		80,319		1,172		1,808		93		40		486		139
Total loans securitized	$	158,624	$	169,576	$	13,080	$	15,581	$	707	$	865	$	1,762	$	1,780

(a)

Total assets held in securitization-related SPEs were $216.1 billion and $233.6 billion, respectively, at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. The $158.6 billion and $169.6 billion, respectively, of loans securitized at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, excluded: $54.4 billion and $62.4 billion, respectively, of securitized loans in which the Firm has no continuing involvement, and $3.1 billion and $1.6 billion, respectively, of loan securitizations consolidated on the Firm’s Consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.

144

Note 16 – Goodwill and other intangible assets

For a discussion of the accounting policies related to goodwill and other intangible assets, see Note 17 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The following table presents goodwill attributed to the business segments.



(in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
Consumer & Community Banking	$	30,808	$	30,769
Corporate & Investment Bank	6,774		6,772
Commercial Banking	2,861		2,861
Asset Management	6,860		6,923
Total goodwill	$	47,303	$	47,325

The following table presents changes in the carrying amount of goodwill.



	Three months ended June 30,					Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015		2016			2015
Balance at beginning of period	$	47,310		$	47,453	$	47,325		$	47,647
Changes during the period from:
Business combinations	—			9		—			17
Dispositions^(a)	—			—		(71		)	(101		)
Other^(b)	(7		)	14		49			(87		)
Balance at June 30,	$	47,303		$	47,476	$	47,303		$	47,476


(a)	During the six months ended June 30, 2016, represents AM goodwill, which was disposed of as part of AM sales completed in March 2016. During the six months ended June 30, 2015, represents Private Equity goodwill, which was disposed of as part of a Private Equity sale completed in January 2015.


(b)	Includes foreign currency translation adjustments and other tax-related adjustments.

Goodwill Impairment testing

For further description of the Firm’s goodwill impairment testing process, including the primary method used to estimate the fair value of the reporting units, and the assumptions used in the goodwill impairment test, see Impairment testing on pages 274–275 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Goodwill was not impaired at June 30, 2016, or December 31, 2015, nor was goodwill written off due to impairment during the six months ended June 30, 2016 or 2015.

145

Mortgage servicing rights

MSRs represent the fair value of expected future cash flows for performing servicing activities for others. The fair value considers estimated future servicing fees and ancillary revenue, offset by estimated costs to service the loans, and generally declines over time as net servicing cash flows are received, effectively amortizing the MSR asset against contractual servicing and ancillary fee income. MSRs are either purchased from third parties or recognized upon sale or securitization of mortgage loans if servicing is retained. For a further description of the MSR asset, interest rate risk management, and the valuation of MSRs, see Note 17 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report and Note 3 of this Form 10-Q.

The following table summarizes MSR activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



	As of or for the three months ended June 30,						As of or for the six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except where otherwise noted)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Fair value at beginning of period	$	5,658		$	6,641		$	6,608		$	7,436
MSR activity:
Originations of MSRs	113			145			220			300
Purchase of MSRs	—			438			—			439
Disposition of MSRs^(a)	(3		)	(218		)	(67		)	(375		)
Net additions	110			365			153			364

Changes due to collection/realization of expected cash flows	(239		)	(229		)	(480		)	(444		)

Changes in valuation due to inputs and assumptions:
Changes due to market interest rates and other^(b)	(433		)	816			(1,195		)	339
Changes in valuation due to other inputs and assumptions:
Projected cash flows (e.g., cost to service)	(14		)	(17		)	(7		)	(27		)
Discount rates	—			—			7			(10		)
Prepayment model changes and other^(c)	(10		)	(5		)	(14		)	(87		)
Total changes in valuation due to other inputs and assumptions	(24		)	(22		)	(14		)	(124		)
Total changes in valuation due to inputs and assumptions	(457		)	794			(1,209		)	215
Fair value at June 30,	$	5,072		$	7,571		$	5,072		$	7,571

Change in unrealized gains/(losses) included in income related to MSRs held at June 30,	$	(457	)	$	794		$	(1,209	)	$	215
Contractual service fees, late fees and other ancillary fees included in income	$	545		$	644		$	1,106		$	1,311
Third-party mortgage loans serviced at June 30, (in billions)	$	632		$	727		$	632		$	727
Net servicer advances at June 30, (in billions)^(d)	$	5.6		$	7.1		$	5.6		$	7.1

(a)

For the six months ended June 30, 2016, predominantly represents excess MSRs transferred to agency-sponsored trusts in exchange for stripped mortgage-backed securities (“SMBS”). In each transaction, a portion of the SMBS was acquired by third parties at the transaction date; the Firm acquired and has retained the remaining balance of those SMBS as trading securities. Also includes sales of MSRs for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.


(b)	Represents both the impact of changes in estimated future prepayments due to changes in market interest rates, and the difference between actual and expected prepayments.


(c)	Represents changes in prepayments other than those attributable to changes in market interest rates.

(d)

Represents amounts the Firm pays as the servicer (e.g., scheduled principal and interest, taxes and insurance), which will generally be reimbursed within a short period of time after the advance from future cash flows from the trust or the underlying loans. The Firm’s credit risk associated with these servicer advances is minimal because reimbursement of the advances is typically senior to all cash payments to investors. In addition, the Firm maintains the right to stop payment to investors if the collateral is insufficient to cover the advance. However, certain of these servicer advances may not be recoverable if they were not made in accordance with applicable rules and agreements.

146

The following table presents the components of mortgage fees and related income (including the impact of MSR risk management activities) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



	Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
CCB mortgage fees and related income

Net production revenue	$	261		$	233		$	423		$	470

Net mortgage servicing revenue:
Operating revenue:
Loan servicing revenue	593			707			1,209			1,456
Changes in MSR asset fair value due to collection/realization of expected cash flows	(238		)	(228		)	(478		)	(442		)
Total operating revenue	355			479			731			1,014
Risk management:
Changes in MSR asset fair value due to market interest rates and other^(a)	(433		)	815			(1,195		)	339
Other changes in MSR asset fair value due to other inputs and assumptions in model^(b)	(24		)	(22		)	(14		)	(124		)
Change in derivative fair value and other	530			(723		)	1,411			(213		)
Total risk management	73			70			202			2
Total net mortgage servicing revenue	428			549			933			1,016

Total CCB mortgage fees and related income	689			782			1,356			1,486

All other	—			1			—			2
Mortgage fees and related income	$	689		$	783		$	1,356		$	1,488


(a)	Represents both the impact of changes in estimated future prepayments due to changes in market interest rates, and the difference between actual and expected prepayments.


(b)	Represents the aggregate impact of changes in model inputs and assumptions such as projected cash flows (e.g., cost to service), discount rates and changes in prepayments other than those attributable to changes in market interest rates (e.g., changes in prepayments due to changes in home prices).

The table below outlines the key economic assumptions used to determine the fair value of the Firm’s MSRs at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, and outlines the sensitivities of those fair values to immediate adverse changes in those assumptions, as defined below.



(in millions, except rates)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Weighted-average prepayment speed assumption (“CPR”)	13.97		%	9.81		%
Impact on fair value of 10% adverse change	$	(275	)	$	(275	)
Impact on fair value of 20% adverse change	(526		)	(529		)
Weighted-average option adjusted spread	10.15		%	9.54		%
Impact on fair value of a 100 basis point adverse change	$	(183	)	$	(258	)
Impact on fair value of a 200 basis point adverse change	(353		)	(498		)

CPR: Constant prepayment rate.

The sensitivity analysis in the preceding table is hypothetical and should be used with caution. Changes in fair value based on variation in assumptions generally cannot be easily extrapolated, because the relationship of the change in the assumptions to the change in fair value are often highly interrelated and may not be linear. In this table, the effect that a change in a particular assumption may have on the fair value is calculated without changing any other assumption. In reality, changes in one factor may result in changes in another, which could either magnify or counteract the impact of the initial change.

147

Note 17 – Deposits

For further discussion on deposits, see Note 19 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, noninterest-bearing and interest-bearing deposits were as follows.



(in millions)	June 30, 2016		December 31, 2015
U.S. offices
Noninterest-bearing	$	393,294	$	392,721
Interest-bearing (included $10,973 and $10,916 at fair value)^(a)	695,763		663,004
Total deposits in U.S. offices	1,089,057		1,055,725
Non-U.S. offices
Noninterest-bearing	20,980		18,921
Interest-bearing (included $1,319 and $1,600 at fair value)^(a)	220,921		205,069
Total deposits in non-U.S. offices	241,901		223,990
Total deposits	$	1,330,958	$	1,279,715


(a)	Includes structured notes classified as deposits for which the fair value option has been elected. For further discussion, see Note 4 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Note 18 – Earnings per share

For a discussion of the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”), see Note 24 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report. The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted EPS for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



(in millions, except per share amounts)	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions, except per share amounts)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Basic earnings per share
Net income	$	6,200	$	6,290	$	11,720	$	12,204
Less: Preferred stock dividends	411		380		823		704
Net income applicable to common equity	5,789		5,910		10,897		11,500
Less: Dividends and undistributed earnings allocated to participating securities	123		134		241		272
Net income applicable to common stockholders	$	5,666	$	5,776	$	10,656	$	11,228

Total weighted-average basic shares outstanding	3,635.8		3,707.8		3,652.9		3,716.6
Net income per share	$	1.56	$	1.56	$	2.92	$	3.02

Diluted earnings per share
Net income applicable to common stockholders	$	5,666	$	5,776	$	10,656	$	11,228
Total weighted-average basic shares outstanding	3,635.8		3,707.8		3,652.9		3,716.6
Add: Employee stock options, SARs, warrants and PSUs	30.7		35.8		28.8		33.9
Total weighted-average diluted shares outstanding^(a)	3,666.5		3,743.6		3,681.7		3,750.5
Net income per share	$	1.55	$	1.54	$	2.89	$	2.99


(a)	Participating securities were included in the calculation of diluted EPS using the two-class method, as this computation was more dilutive than the calculation using the treasury stock method.

148

Note 19 – Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)

AOCI includes the after-tax change in unrealized gains and losses on investment securities, foreign currency translation adjustments (including the impact of related derivatives), cash flow hedging activities, net loss and prior service costs/(credit) related to the Firm’s defined benefit pension and OPEB plans, and DVA on fair value option elected liabilities.

Effective January 1, 2016, the Firm adopted new accounting guidance related to the recognition and measurement of financial liabilities where the fair value option has been elected. This guidance requires the portion of the total change in fair value caused by changes in the Firm’s own credit risk (DVA) to be presented separately in other comprehensive income; previously these amounts were recognized in net income. The guidance was required to be applied as of the beginning of the fiscal year of adoption by means of a cumulative effect adjustment to the Consolidated balance sheets, which resulted in a reclassification from retained earnings to accumulated other comprehensive income.



As of or for the three months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities^(a)				Translation adjustments, net of hedges				Cash flow hedges				Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans				DVA on fair value option elected liabilities				Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
	Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities^(a)				Translation adjustments, net of hedges				Cash flow hedges				Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans				DVA on fair value option elected liabilities				Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
Balance at April 1, 2016		$	3,054			$	(164	)		$	(114	)		$	(2,206	)		$	212			$	782
Net change		867				3				(87		)		56				(3		)		836
Balance at June 30, 2016		$	3,921			$	(161	)		$	(201	)		$	(2,150	)		$	209			$	1,618

As of or for the three months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities^(a)				Translation adjustments, net of hedges				Cash flow hedges				Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans				DVA on fair value option elected liabilities				Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
	Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities^(a)				Translation adjustments, net of hedges				Cash flow hedges				Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans				DVA on fair value option elected liabilities				Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
Balance at April 1, 2015		$	4,862			$	(157	)		$	(18	)		$	(2,257	)		NA				$	2,430
Net change		(1,419		)		3				80				8				NA				(1,328		)
Balance at June 30, 2015		$	3,443			$	(154	)		$	62			$	(2,249	)		NA				$	1,102

As of or for the six months ended June 30, 2016 (in millions)	Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities^(a)				Translation adjustments, net of hedges				Cash flow hedges				Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans				DVA on fair value option elected liabilities				Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
	Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities^(a)				Translation adjustments, net of hedges				Cash flow hedges				Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans				DVA on fair value option elected liabilities				Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
Balance at January 1, 2016		$	2,629			$	(162	)		$	(44	)		$	(2,231	)		NA				$	192
Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle		—				—				—				—				154				154
Net change		1,292				1				(157		)		81				55				1,272
Balance at June 30, 2016		$	3,921			$	(161	)		$	(201	)		$	(2,150	)		$	209			$	1,618

As of or for the six months ended June 30, 2015 (in millions)	Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities^(a)				Translation adjustments, net of hedges				Cash flow hedges				Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans				DVA on fair value option elected liabilities				Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
	Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities^(a)				Translation adjustments, net of hedges				Cash flow hedges				Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans				DVA on fair value option elected liabilities				Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
Balance at January 1, 2015		$	4,773			$	(147	)		$	(95	)		$	(2,342	)		NA				$	2,189
Net change		(1,330		)		(7		)		157				93				NA				(1,087		)
Balance at June 30, 2015		$	3,443			$	(154	)		$	62			$	(2,249	)		NA				$	1,102


(a)	Represents the after-tax difference between the fair value and amortized cost of securities accounted for as AFS, including net unamortized unrealized gains and losses related to AFS securities transferred to HTM.

149

The following table presents the pre-tax and after-tax changes in the components of other comprehensive income/(loss).



	2016									2015
Three months ended June 30, (in millions)	Pre-tax			Tax effect			After-tax			Pre-tax			Tax effect			After-tax
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities:
Net unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period	$	1,408		$	(528	)	$	880		$	(2,343	)	$	952		$	(1,391	)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains)/losses included in net income^(a)	(21		)	8			(13		)	(44		)	16			(28		)
Net change	1,387			(520		)	867			(2,387		)	968			(1,419		)
Translation adjustments^(b):
Translation	(10		)	4			(6		)	267			(117		)	150
Hedges	17			(8		)	9			(250		)	103			(147		)
Net change	7			(4		)	3			17			(14		)	3
Cash flow hedges:
Net unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period	(187		)	70			(117		)	120			(46		)	74
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains)/losses included in net income^(c)	48			(18		)	30			7			(1		)	6
Net change	(139		)	52			(87		)	127			(47		)	80
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans:
Net gains/(losses) arising during the period	8			(3		)	5			41			(15		)	26
Reclassification adjustments included in net income^(e):
Amortization of net loss	64			(25		)	39			70			(26		)	44
Prior service costs/(credits)	(9		)	3			(6		)	(9		)	4			(5		)
Foreign exchange and other	28			(10		)	18			(33		)	(24		)	(57		)
Net change	91			(35		)	56			69			(61		)	8
DVA on fair value option elected liabilities, net change:	(4		)	1			(3		)	NA			NA			NA
Total other comprehensive income/(loss)	$	1,342		$	(506	)	$	836		$	(2,174	)	$	846		$	(1,328	)

	2016									2015
Six months ended June 30, (in millions)	Pre-tax			Tax effect			After-tax			Pre-tax			Tax effect			After-tax
Unrealized gains/(losses) on investment securities:
Net unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period	$	2,140		$	(803	)	$	1,337		$	(2,118	)	$	848		$	(1,270	)
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains)/losses included in net income^(a)	(72		)	27			(45		)	(96		)	36			(60		)
Net change	2,068			(776		)	1,292			(2,214		)	884			(1,330		)
Translation adjustments:
Translation^(b)	579			(216		)	363			(733		)	261			(472		)
Hedges^(b)	(573		)	211			(362		)	743			(278		)	465
Net change	6			(5		)	1			10			(17		)	(7		)
Cash flow hedges:
Net unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period	(354		)	133			(221		)	71			(28		)	43
Reclassification adjustment for realized (gains)/losses included in net income^(c)(d)	103			(39		)	64			182			(68		)	114
Net change	(251		)	94			(157		)	253			(96		)	157
Defined benefit pension and OPEB plans:
Net gains/(losses) arising during the period	(15		)	6			(9		)	101			(39		)	62
Reclassification adjustments included in net income^(e):
Amortization of net loss	128			(49		)	79			141			(53		)	88
Prior service costs/(credits)	(18		)	7			(11		)	(18		)	7			(11		)
Foreign exchange and other	34			(12		)	22			—			(46		)	(46		)
Net change	129			(48		)	81			224			(131		)	93
DVA on fair value option elected liabilities, net change:	$	88		$	(33	)	55			NA			NA			NA
Total other comprehensive income/(loss)	$	2,040		$	(768	)	$	1,272		$	(1,727	)	$	640		$	(1,087	)


(a)	The pre-tax amount is reported in securities gains in the Consolidated statements of income.


(b)	Reclassifications of pre-tax realized gains/(losses) on translation adjustments and related hedges are reported in other income/expense in the Consolidated statements of income. The amounts were not material for the periods presented.


(c)	The pre-tax amounts are predominantly recorded in net interest income in the Consolidated statements of income.


(d)	In 2015, the Firm reclassified approximately $150 million of net losses from AOCI to other income because the Firm determined that it is probable that the forecasted interest payment cash flows will not occur. For additional information, see Note 5.


(e)	The pre-tax amount is reported in compensation expense in the Consolidated statements of income.

150

Note 20 – Regulatory capital

The Federal Reserve establishes capital requirements, including well-capitalized standards, for the consolidated financial holding company. The Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) establishes similar capital requirements and standards for the Firm’s national banks, including JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Chase Bank USA, N.A.

The Basel Committee’s most recent capital framework (“Basel III”) for large and internationally active U.S. bank holding companies and banks, including the Firm and its IDI subsidiaries, revised, among other things, the definition of capital and introduced a new CET1 capital requirement; presents two comprehensive methodologies for calculating RWA, a general (Standardized) approach, (“Basel III Standardized”) and an advanced approach, (“Basel III Advanced”); and sets out minimum capital ratios and overall capital adequacy standards. Certain of the requirements of Basel III are subject to phase-in periods that began on January 1, 2014 and continue through the end of 2018 (“Basel III Transitional”).

There are three categories of risk-based capital under the Basel III Transitional rules: CET1 capital, as well as Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital. CET1 capital predominantly includes common stockholders’ equity (including capital for AOCI related to debt and equity securities classified as AFS as well as for defined benefit pension and OPEB plans), less certain deductions for goodwill, MSRs and deferred tax assets that arise from net operating loss (“NOL”) and tax credit carryforwards. Tier 1 capital predominantly consists of CET1 capital as well as perpetual preferred stock. Tier 2 capital includes long-term debt qualifying as Tier 2 and qualifying allowance for credit losses. Total capital is Tier 1 capital plus Tier 2 capital.

The following tables present the regulatory capital, assets and risk-based capital ratios for JPMorgan Chase and its significant national bank subsidiaries under both Basel III Standardized Transitional and Basel III Advanced Transitional.



	JPMorgan Chase & Co.^(e)
	Basel III Standardized Transitional						Basel III Advanced Transitional
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Regulatory capital
CET1 capital	$	179,593		$	175,398		$	179,593		$	175,398
Tier 1 capital^(a)	204,390			200,482			204,390			200,482
Total capital	238,999			234,413			227,865			224,616

Assets
Risk-weighted	1,469,430			1,465,262			1,497,509			1,485,336
Adjusted average^(b)	2,391,819			2,358,471			2,391,819			2,358,471

Capital ratios^(c)
CET1	12.2		%	12.0		%	12.0		%	11.8		%
Tier 1^(a)	13.9			13.7			13.6			13.5
Total	16.3			16.0			15.2			15.1
Tier 1 leverage^(d)	8.5			8.5			8.5			8.5



	JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.^(e)
	Basel III Standardized Transitional						Basel III Advanced Transitional
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Regulatory capital
CET1 capital	$	173,841		$	168,857		$	173,841		$	168,857
Tier 1 capital^(a)	174,090			169,222			174,090			169,222
Total capital	188,827			183,262			181,145			176,423

Assets
Risk-weighted	1,314,446			1,264,056			1,292,153			1,249,607
Adjusted average^(b)	1,992,814			1,910,934			1,992,814			1,910,934

Capital ratios^(c)
CET1	13.2		%	13.4		%	13.5		%	13.5		%
Tier 1^(a)	13.2			13.4			13.5			13.5
Total	14.4			14.5			14.0			14.1
Tier 1 leverage^(d)	8.7			8.9			8.7			8.9

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	Chase Bank USA, N.A.^(e)
	Basel III Standardized Transitional						Basel III Advanced Transitional
(in millions, except ratios)	Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015			Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
Regulatory capital
CET1 capital	$	16,457		$	15,419		$	16,457		$	15,419
Tier 1 capital^(a)	16,457			15,419			16,457			15,419
Total capital	22,420			21,418			21,107			20,069

Assets
Risk-weighted	103,322			105,807			180,737			181,775
Adjusted average^(b)	132,916			134,152			132,916			134,152

Capital ratios^(c)
CET1	15.9		%	14.6		%	9.1		%	8.5		%
Tier 1^(a)	15.9			14.6			9.1			8.5
Total	21.7			20.2			11.7			11.0
Tier 1 leverage^(d)	12.4			11.5			12.4			11.5


(a)	Includes the deduction associated with the permissible holdings of covered funds (as defined by the Volcker Rule) acquired after December 31, 2013 which was not material as of June 30, 2016.


(b)	Adjusted average assets, for purposes of calculating the Tier 1 leverage ratio, includes total quarterly average assets adjusted for unrealized gains/(losses) on AFS securities, less deductions for goodwill and other intangible assets, defined benefit pension plan assets, and deferred tax assets related to NOL and tax credit carryforwards.


(c)	For each of the risk-based capital ratios, the capital adequacy of the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries is evaluated against the Basel III approach, Standardized or Advanced, which results in the lower ratio (the “Collins Floor”), as required by the Collins Amendment of the Dodd-Frank Act.


(d)	The Tier 1 leverage ratio is not a risk-based measure of capital. This ratio is calculated by dividing Tier 1 capital by adjusted average assets.


(e)	Asset and capital amounts for JPMorgan Chase’s banking subsidiaries reflect intercompany transactions; whereas the respective amounts for JPMorgan Chase reflect the elimination of intercompany transactions.

Note: Rating agencies allow measures of capital to be adjusted upward for deferred tax liabilities, which have resulted from both nontaxable business combinations and from tax-deductible goodwill. The Firm had deferred tax liabilities resulting from nontaxable business combinations totaling $94 million and $105 million at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively; and deferred tax liabilities resulting from tax-deductible goodwill of $3.1 billion and $3.0 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Under the risk-based capital guidelines of the Federal Reserve, JPMorgan Chase is required to maintain minimum ratios of CET1, Tier 1 and Total capital to risk-weighted assets, as well as a minimum leverage ratio (which is defined as Tier 1 capital divided by adjusted quarterly average assets). Failure to meet these minimum requirements could cause the Federal Reserve to take action. National bank subsidiaries also are subject to these capital requirements by their respective primary regulators. The following table presents the minimum ratios to which the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries are subject as of June 30, 2016.



	Minimum capital ratios				Well-capitalized ratios
	BHC^(a)		IDI^(b)		BHC^(c)		IDI^(d)
Capital ratios
CET1	6.25	%	5.125	%	—	%	6.5	%
Tier 1	7.75		6.625		6.0		8.0
Total	9.75		8.625		10.0		10.0
Tier 1 leverage	4.0		4.0		—		5.0

Note: The table above is as defined by the regulations issued by the Federal Reserve, OCC and FDIC and to which the Firm and its national bank subsidiaries are subject.

(a)

Represents the transitional minimum capital ratios applicable to the Firm under Basel III at June 30, 2016. Commencing in the first quarter of 2016, the CET1 minimum capital ratio includes 0.625% resulting from the phase in of the Firm’s 2.5% capital conservation buffer and 1.125%, resulting from the phase in of the Firm’s estimated 4.5% GSIB surcharge as of December 31, 2014 published by the Federal Reserve on July 20, 2015.


(b)	Represents requirements for JPMorgan Chase’s banking subsidiaries. The CET1 minimum capital ratio includes 0.625% resulting from the phase in of the 2.5% capital conservation buffer that is applicable to the banking subsidiaries. The banking subsidiaries are not subject to the GSIB surcharge.


(c)	Represents requirements for bank holding companies pursuant to regulations issued by the Federal Reserve.


(d)	Represents requirements for bank subsidiaries pursuant to regulations issued under the FDIC Improvement Act.

As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, JPMorgan Chase and all of its banking subsidiaries were well-capitalized and met all capital requirements to which each was subject.

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Note 21 – Off–balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, guarantees, and other commitments

JPMorgan Chase provides lending-related financial instruments (e.g., commitments and guarantees) to meet the financing needs of its customers. The contractual amount of these financial instruments represents the maximum possible credit risk to the Firm should the counterparty draw upon the commitment or the Firm be required to fulfill its obligation under the guarantee, and should the counterparty subsequently fail to perform according to the terms of the contract. Most of these commitments and guarantees expire without being drawn or a default occurring. As a result, the total contractual amount of these instruments is not, in the Firm’s view, representative of its actual future credit exposure or funding requirements. For further discussion of lending-related commitments and guarantees, and the Firm’s related accounting policies, see Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

To provide for probable credit losses inherent in wholesale and certain consumer lending-related commitments, an allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments is maintained. See Note 14 for further information regarding the allowance for credit losses on lending-related commitments. The following table summarizes the contractual amounts and carrying values of off-balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, guarantees and other commitments at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. The amounts in the table below for credit card and home equity lending-related commitments represent the total available credit for these products. The Firm has not experienced, and does not anticipate, that all available lines of credit for these products will be utilized at the same time. The Firm can reduce or cancel credit card lines of credit by providing the borrower notice or, in some cases as permitted by law, without notice. In addition, the Firm typically closes credit card lines when the borrower is 60 days or more past due. The Firm may reduce or close home equity lines of credit when there are significant decreases in the value of the underlying property, or when there has been a demonstrable decline in the creditworthiness of the borrower.

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Off–balance sheet lending-related financial instruments, guarantees and other commitments
	Contractual amount												Carrying value^(h)
	June 30, 2016										Dec 31, 2015		Jun 30, 2016			Dec 31, 2015
By remaining maturity (in millions)	Expires in 1 year or less		Expires after 1 year through 3 years		Expires after 3 years through 5 years		Expires after 5 years		Total		Total
Lending-related
Consumer, excluding credit card:
Home equity	$	4,159	$	5,800	$	1,101	$	10,910	$	21,970	$	22,756	$	—		$	—
Residential mortgage^(a)	14,166		—		—		—		14,166		12,992		—			—
Auto	8,530		1,098		123		57		9,808		10,237		2			2
Business banking	11,777		735		129		492		13,133		12,351		12			12
Student and other	108		1		—		38		147		142		—			—
Total consumer, excluding credit card	$	38,740	$	7,634	$	1,353	$	11,497	$	59,224	$	58,478	$	14		$	14
Credit card	$	539,105	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	539,105	$	515,518	$	—		$	—
Total consumer^(b)	$	577,845	$	7,634	$	1,353	$	11,497	$	598,329	$	573,996	$	14		$	14
Wholesale:
Other unfunded commitments to extend credit^(c)(d)	$	72,440	$	98,970	$	136,539	$	9,015	$	316,964	$	323,325	$	793		$	649
Standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees^(c)(d)	17,196		11,840		4,589		2,975		36,600		39,133		585			548
Other letters of credit^(c)	3,266		240		75		—		3,581		3,941		2			2
Total wholesale^(e)	$	92,902	$	111,050	$	141,203	$	11,990	$	357,145	$	366,399	$	1,380		$	1,199
Total lending-related	$	670,747	$	118,684	$	142,556	$	23,487	$	955,474	$	940,395	$	1,394		$	1,213
Other guarantees and commitments
Securities lending indemnification agreements and guarantees^(f)	$	174,319	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	174,319	$	183,329	$	—		$	—
Derivatives qualifying as guarantees	3,086		209		11,623		39,267		54,185		53,784		274			222
Unsettled reverse repurchase and securities borrowing agreements	73,036		—		—		—		73,036		42,482		—			—
Unsettled repurchase and securities lending agreements	44,373		—		—		—		44,373		21,798		—			—
Loan sale and securitization-related indemnifications:
Mortgage repurchase liability	NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		NA		140			148
Loans sold with recourse	NA		NA		NA		NA		3,664		4,274		69			82
Other guarantees and commitments^(g)	976		2,652		1,032		1,537		6,197		5,580		(80		)	(94		)


(a)	Includes certain commitments to purchase loans from correspondents.


(b)	Predominantly all consumer lending-related commitments are in the U.S.

(c)

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, reflected the contractual amount net of risk participations totaling $315 million and $385 million, respectively, for other unfunded commitments to extend credit; $10.8 billion and $11.2 billion, respectively, for standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees; and $357 million and $341 million, respectively, for other letters of credit. In regulatory filings with the Federal Reserve these commitments are shown gross of risk participations.

(d)

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, included credit enhancements and bond and commercial paper liquidity commitments to U.S. states and municipalities, hospitals and other non-profit entities of $11.4 billion and $12.3 billion, respectively, within other unfunded commitments to extend credit; and $8.1 billion and $9.6 billion, respectively, within standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees. Other unfunded commitments to extend credit also include liquidity facilities to nonconsolidated municipal bond VIEs; see Note 15.


(e)	At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the U.S. portion of the contractual amount of total wholesale lending-related commitments was 78% and 77%, respectively.


(f)	At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, collateral held by the Firm in support of securities lending indemnification agreements was $180.6 billion and $190.6 billion, respectively. Securities lending collateral consists of primarily cash and securities issued by governments that are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and U.S. government agencies.

(g)

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, included unfunded commitments of $49 million and $50 million, respectively, to third-party private equity funds; and $1.0 billion and $871 million, at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, to other equity investments. These commitments included $66 million and $73 million, respectively, related to investments that are generally fair valued at net asset value as discussed in Note 3. In addition, at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, included letters of credit hedged by derivative transactions and managed on a market risk basis of $4.7 billion and $4.6 billion, respectively.


(h)	For lending-related products, the carrying value represents the allowance for lending-related commitments and the guarantee liability; for derivative-related products, the carrying value represents the fair value.

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Other unfunded commitments to extend credit

Other unfunded commitments to extend credit generally consist of commitments for working capital and general corporate purposes, extensions of credit to support commercial paper facilities and bond financings in the event that those obligations cannot be remarketed to new investors, as well as committed liquidity facilities to clearing organizations. The Firm also issues commitments under multipurpose facilities which could be drawn upon in several forms, including the issuance of a standby letter of credit.

Also included in other unfunded commitments to extend credit are noninvestment-grade exposures to leveraged finance counterparties, which totaled $55.9 billion at June 30, 2016. In the second quarter of 2016, the Firm implemented interagency guidance on the definition of leveraged financing, which broadened the scope of sectors beyond that of Commercial & industrial and transactions beyond those of buyouts, acquisitions or capital distributions, and modified the methodology for calculating leveraged ratios.

The Firm acts as a settlement and custody bank in the U.S. tri-party repurchase transaction market. In its role as settlement and custody bank, the Firm is exposed to the intra-day credit risk of its cash borrower clients, usually broker-dealers. This exposure arises under secured clearance advance facilities that the Firm extends to its clients (i.e., cash borrowers); these facilities contractually limit the Firm’s intra-day credit risk to the facility amount

and must be repaid by the end of the day. As of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the secured clearance advance facility maximum outstanding commitment amount was $2.5 billion and $2.9 billion, respectively.

Standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees

Standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees are conditional lending commitments issued by the Firm to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party under certain arrangements, such as commercial paper facilities, bond financings, acquisition financings, trade and similar transactions.

The following table summarizes the standby letters of credit and other letters of credit arrangements as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015.

Standby letters of credit, other financial guarantees and other letters of credit



	June 30, 2016				December 31, 2015
(in millions)	Standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees		Other letters of credit		Standby letters of credit and other financial guarantees		Other letters of credit
Investment-grade^(a)	$	29,121	$	2,962	$	31,751	$	3,290
Noninvestment-grade^(a)	7,479		619		7,382		651
Total contractual amount	$	36,600	$	3,581	$	39,133	$	3,941

Allowance for lending-related commitments	$	151	$	2	$	121	$	2
Guarantee liability	434		—		427		—
Total carrying value	$	585	$	2	$	548	$	2

Commitments with collateral	$	20,137	$	950	$	18,825	$	996


(a)	The ratings scale is based on the Firm’s internal ratings which generally correspond to ratings as defined by S&P and Moody’s.

155

Derivatives qualifying as guarantees

In addition to the contracts described above, the Firm transacts certain derivative contracts that have the characteristics of a guarantee under U.S. GAAP. For further information on these derivatives, see Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report. The total notional value of the derivatives that the Firm deems to be guarantees was $54.2 billion and $53.8 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively. The notional amount generally represents the Firm’s maximum exposure to derivatives qualifying as guarantees. However, exposure to certain stable value contracts is contractually limited to a substantially lower percentage of the notional amount; the notional amount on these stable value contracts was

$28.5 billion and $28.4 billion at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, and the maximum exposure to loss was $3.0 billion at both June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015. The fair values of the contracts reflect the probability of whether the Firm will be required to perform under the contract. The fair value related to derivatives that the Firm deems to be guarantees were derivative payables of $283 million and $236 million at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively, and derivative receivables of $9 million and $14 million at June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, respectively. The Firm reduces exposures to these contracts by entering into offsetting transactions, or by entering into contracts that hedge the market risk related to the derivative guarantees.

In addition to derivative contracts that meet the characteristics of a guarantee, the Firm is both a purchaser and seller of credit protection in the credit derivatives market. For a further discussion of credit derivatives, see Note 5.

Loan sales- and securitization-related indemnifications

In connection with the Firm’s mortgage loan sale and securitization activities with GSEs and in certain private label transactions, the Firm has made representations and warranties that the loans sold meet certain requirements that may require the Firm to repurchase mortgage loans and/or indemnify the loan purchaser. Further, although the Firm’s securitizations are predominantly nonrecourse, the Firm does provide recourse servicing in certain limited cases where it agrees to share credit risk with the owner of the mortgage loans. For additional information, see Note 29 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

The liability related to repurchase demands associated with private label securitizations is separately evaluated by the Firm in establishing its litigation reserves. For additional information regarding litigation, see Note 23 of this Form 10-Q and Note 31 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Guarantees of subsidiary

JPMorgan Chase Financial Company LLC ("JPMFC"), a direct, 100%-owned finance subsidiary of the Parent Company, was formed on September 30, 2015, for the purpose of issuing debt and other securities in offerings to investors. Securities issued by JPMFC are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by the Parent Company, and these guarantees rank on a parity with the Firm’s unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness.

156

Note 22 – Pledged assets and collateral

For a discussion of the Firm’s pledged assets and collateral, see Note 30 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Pledged assets

The Firm may pledge financial assets that it owns to maintain potential borrowing capacity with central banks and for other purposes, including to secure borrowings and public deposits, and to collateralize repurchase and other securities financing agreements, and to cover customer short sales. Certain of these pledged assets may be sold or repledged or otherwise used by the secured parties and are identified as financial instruments owned (pledged to various parties) on the Consolidated balance sheets. At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm had pledged assets of $405.8 billion and $385.6 billion, respectively, at Federal Reserve banks and FHLBs. In addition, as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm had pledged $55.4 billion and $50.7 billion, respectively, of financial assets that may not be sold or repledged or otherwise used by the secured parties. Total assets pledged do not include assets of consolidated VIEs; these assets are used to settle the liabilities of those entities. See Note 15 for additional information on assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs. For additional information on the Firm’s securities financing activities, see Note 12. For additional information on the Firm’s long-term debt, see Note 21 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Collateral

At June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, the Firm had accepted financial assets as collateral that it could sell or repledge, deliver or otherwise use with a fair value of $851.7 billion and $748.5 billion, respectively. This collateral was generally obtained under resale agreements, securities borrowing agreements, customer margin loans and derivative agreements. Of the collateral received, $681.8 billion and $580.9 billion, respectively, were sold, repledged, delivered or otherwise used. Collateral was generally used under repurchase agreements, securities lending agreements or to cover customer short sales and to collateralize deposits and derivative agreements.

Note 23 – Litigation

Contingencies

As of June 30, 2016, the Firm and its subsidiaries and affiliates are defendants or putative defendants in numerous legal proceedings, including private, civil litigations and regulatory/government investigations. The litigations range from individual actions involving a single plaintiff to class action lawsuits with potentially millions of class members. Investigations involve both formal and informal proceedings, by both governmental agencies and self-regulatory organizations. These legal proceedings are at varying stages of adjudication, arbitration or investigation, and involve each of the Firm’s lines of business and geographies and a wide variety of claims (including common law tort and contract claims and statutory antitrust, securities and consumer protection claims), some of which present novel legal theories.

The Firm believes the estimate of the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses, in excess of reserves established, for its legal proceedings is from $0 to approximately $3.3 billion at June 30, 2016. This estimated aggregate range of reasonably possible losses was based upon currently available information for those proceedings in which the Firm believes that an estimate of reasonably possible loss can be made. For certain matters, the Firm does not believe that such an estimate can be made, as of that date. The Firm’s estimate of the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses involves significant judgment, given the number, variety and varying stages of the proceedings (including the fact that many are in preliminary stages), the existence in many such proceedings of multiple defendants (including the Firm) whose share of liability has yet to be determined, the numerous yet-unresolved issues in many of the proceedings (including issues regarding class certification and the scope of many of the claims) and the attendant uncertainty of the various potential outcomes of such proceedings, particularly proceedings that could result from government investigations. Accordingly, the Firm’s estimate will change from time to time, and actual losses may vary significantly.

Set forth below are descriptions of the Firm’s material legal proceedings.

Auto Dealer Regulatory Matter. The U.S. Department of Justice (“DOJ”) is investigating potential statistical disparities in markups charged to borrowers of different races and ethnicities by automobile dealers on loans originated by those dealers and purchased by the Firm.

CIO Litigation. The Firm has been sued in a consolidated shareholder class action, and in a consolidated putative class action brought under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (“ERISA”), relating to 2012 losses in the synthetic credit portfolio formerly managed by the Firm’s Chief Investment Office (“CIO”). A settlement of the shareholder class action, under which the Firm will pay

157

$150 million, has received final court approval over two pro se objections. One of the objectors has appealed. The putative ERISA class action has been dismissed, and the plaintiffs are appealing that dismissal.

Foreign Exchange Investigations and Litigation. The Firm previously reported settlements with certain government authorities relating to its foreign exchange (“FX”) sales and trading activities and controls related to those activities. FX-related investigations and inquiries by government authorities, including competition authorities, are ongoing, and the Firm is cooperating with those matters.

The Firm is also one of a number of foreign exchange dealers defending a class action filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York by U.S.-based plaintiffs, principally alleging violations of federal antitrust laws based on an alleged conspiracy to manipulate foreign exchange rates (the “U.S. class action”). In January 2015, the Firm entered into a settlement agreement in the U.S. class action. Following this settlement, a number of additional putative class actions were filed seeking damages for persons who transacted FX futures and options on futures (the “exchanged-based actions”), consumers who purchased foreign currencies at allegedly inflated rates (the “consumer actions”), and participants or beneficiaries of qualified ERISA plans (the “ERISA actions”). Since then, the Firm has entered into a revised settlement agreement to resolve the consolidated U.S. class action, including the exchange-based actions, and that agreement has been preliminarily approved by the Court. The consumer actions and ERISA actions remain pending.

In September 2015, two class actions were filed in Canada against the Firm as well as a number of other FX dealers, principally for alleged violations of the Canadian Competition Act based on an alleged conspiracy to fix the prices of currency purchased in the FX market. The first action was filed in the province of Ontario, and seeks to represent all persons in Canada who transacted any FX instrument. The second action seeks to represent only those persons in Quebec who engaged in FX transactions.

General Motors Litigation. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. participated in, and was the Administrative Agent on behalf of a syndicate of lenders on, a $1.5 billion syndicated Term Loan facility (“Term Loan”) for General Motors Corporation (“GM”). In July 2009, in connection with the GM bankruptcy proceedings, the Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors of Motors Liquidation Company (“Creditors Committee”) filed a lawsuit against JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., in its individual capacity and as Administrative Agent for other lenders on the Term Loan, seeking to hold the underlying lien invalid based on the filing of a UCC-3 termination statement relating to the Term Loan. In January 2015, following several court proceedings, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit reversed the Bankruptcy Court’s dismissal of the Creditors Committee’s claim and

remanded the case to the Bankruptcy Court with instructions to enter partial summary judgment for the Creditors Committee as to the termination statement. The proceedings in the Bankruptcy Court continue with respect to, among other things, additional defenses asserted by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the value of additional collateral on the Term Loan that was unaffected by the filing of the termination statement at issue. In addition, certain Term Loan lenders filed cross-claims against JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in the Bankruptcy Court seeking indemnification and asserting various claims.

Interchange Litigation. A group of merchants and retail associations filed a series of class action complaints alleging that Visa and MasterCard, as well as certain banks, conspired to set the price of credit and debit card interchange fees, enacted respective rules in violation of antitrust laws, and engaged in tying/bundling and exclusive dealing. The parties entered into an agreement to settle the cases for a cash payment of $6.1 billion to the class plaintiffs (of which the Firm’s share is approximately 20%) and an amount equal to ten basis points of credit card interchange for a period of eight months to be measured from a date within 60 days of the end of the opt-out period. The agreement also provides for modifications to each credit card network’s rules, including those that prohibit surcharging credit card transactions. In December 2013, the District Court granted final approval of the settlement.

A number of merchants appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, which vacated the District Court’s certification of the class action and reversed the approval of the class settlement in June 2016. The case has been remanded to the District Court for further proceedings consistent with the appellate decision.

Certain merchants and trade associations have also filed a motion with the District Court seeking to set aside the approval of the class settlement on the basis of alleged improper communications between one of MasterCard’s former outside counsel and one of plaintiffs’ outside counsel. That motion remains pending. Certain merchants that opted out of the class settlement have filed actions against Visa and MasterCard, as well as against the Firm and other banks, and those actions are proceeding.

Investment Management Litigation. The Firm is defending two pending cases that are coordinated for pre-trial purposes, alleging that investment portfolios managed by J.P. Morgan Investment Management (“JPMIM”) were inappropriately invested in securities backed by residential real estate collateral. Plaintiffs Assured Guaranty (U.K.) and Ambac Assurance UK Limited claim that JPMIM is liable for total losses of more than $1 billion in market value of these securities. Discovery has been completed. In January 2016, plaintiffs filed a joint partial motion for summary judgment in the coordinated actions, which JPMIM has opposed.

158

Lehman Brothers Bankruptcy Proceedings. In May 2010, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (“LBHI”) and its Official Committee of Unsecured Creditors (the “Committee”) filed a complaint (and later an amended complaint) against JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York that asserted both federal bankruptcy law and state common law claims, and sought, among other relief, to recover $7.9 billion in collateral that was transferred to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. in the weeks preceding LBHI’s bankruptcy. The amended complaint also sought unspecified damages on the grounds that JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s collateral requests hastened LBHI’s bankruptcy. The Bankruptcy Court dismissed the claims in the amended complaint that sought to void the allegedly constructively fraudulent and preferential transfers made to the Firm during September 2008, but did not dismiss the other claims, including claims for duress and fraud. The Firm filed counterclaims against LBHI, including alleging that LBHI fraudulently induced the Firm to make large extensions of credit against inappropriate collateral in connection with the Firm’s role as the clearing bank for Lehman Brothers Inc. (“LBI”), LBHI’s broker-dealer subsidiary. In September 2015, the District Court, to which the case had been transferred from the Bankruptcy Court, granted summary judgment in favor of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. on most of the claims against it that the Bankruptcy Court had not previously dismissed, including the claims for duress and fraud. The District Court also denied LBHI’s motion for summary judgment on certain of its claims and for dismissal of the Firm’s counterclaims. The claims that remained following the District Court’s ruling challenged the propriety of the Firm’s post-petition payment, from collateral posted by LBHI, of approximately $1.9 billion of derivatives, repo and securities lending claims.

In the Bankruptcy Court proceedings, LBHI and several of its subsidiaries that had been Chapter 11 debtors had filed a separate complaint and objection to derivatives claims asserted by the Firm alleging that the amount of the derivatives claims had been overstated and challenging certain set-offs taken by JPMorgan Chase entities to recover on the claims. In January 2015, LBHI filed claims objections with respect to guaranty claims asserted by the Firm arising from close-outs of derivatives transactions with LBI and one of its affiliates, and a claim objection with respect to derivatives close-out claims acquired by the Firm in the Washington Mutual transaction.

In January 2016, the parties reached an agreement, approved by the Bankruptcy Court, under which the Firm has paid $1.42 billion to settle all of the claims, counterclaims and claims objections, including all appeal rights, except for the claims specified in the following paragraph. One pro se objector sought to appeal the settlement, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit dismissed his appeal.

The settlement did not resolve the following remaining matters: In the Bankruptcy Court proceedings, LBHI and the Committee filed an objection to the claims asserted by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. against LBHI with respect to clearing advances made to LBI, principally on the grounds that the Firm had not conducted the sale of the securities collateral held for its claims in a commercially reasonable manner. In January 2015, LBHI brought two claims objections relating to securities lending claims and a group of other smaller claims. Discovery with respect to these objections is ongoing.

LIBOR and Other Benchmark Rate Investigations and Litigation. JPMorgan Chase has received subpoenas and requests for documents and, in some cases, interviews, from federal and state agencies and entities, including the DOJ, the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”), the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and various state attorneys general, as well as the European Commission (“EC”), the U.K. Financial Conduct Authority (“FCA”), the Canadian Competition Bureau, the Swiss Competition Commission and other regulatory authorities and banking associations around the world relating primarily to the process by which interest rates were submitted to the British Bankers Association (“BBA”) in connection with the setting of the BBA’s London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) for various currencies, principally in 2007 and 2008. Some of the inquiries also relate to similar processes by which information on rates is submitted to the European Banking Federation (“EBF”) in connection with the setting of the EBF’s Euro Interbank Offered Rates (“EURIBOR”) and to the Japanese Bankers’ Association for the setting of Tokyo Interbank Offered Rates (“TIBOR”), as well as processes for the setting of U.S. dollar ISDAFIX rates and other reference rates in various parts of the world during similar time periods. The Firm is responding to and continuing to cooperate with these inquiries. As previously reported, the Firm has resolved EC inquiries relating to Yen LIBOR and Swiss Franc LIBOR. In May 2014, the EC issued a Statement of Objections outlining its case against the Firm (and others) as to EURIBOR, to which the Firm has filed a response and made oral representations. In June 2016, the DOJ informed the Firm that the DOJ had closed its inquiry into LIBOR and other benchmark rates with respect to the Firm without taking action. Other inquiries have been discontinued without any action against JPMorgan Chase, including by the FCA and the Canadian Competition Bureau.

In addition, the Firm has been named as a defendant along with other banks in a series of individual and putative class actions filed in various United States District Courts, in which plaintiffs make varying allegations that in various periods, starting in 2000 or later, defendants either individually or collectively manipulated the U.S. dollar LIBOR, Yen LIBOR, Swiss franc LIBOR, Euroyen TIBOR, EURIBOR, Singapore Interbank Offered Rate (“SIBOR”) and/or Singapore Swap Offer Rate (“SOR”) rates by submitting

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rates that were artificially low or high. Plaintiffs allege that they transacted in loans, derivatives or other financial instruments whose values are affected by changes in U.S. dollar LIBOR, Yen LIBOR, Swiss franc LIBOR, Euroyen TIBOR, EURIBOR, SIBOR or SOR, and assert a variety of claims including antitrust claims seeking treble damages. These matters are in various stages of litigation.

The U.S. dollar LIBOR-related putative class actions and most U.S. dollar LIBOR-related individual actions were consolidated for pre-trial purposes in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. The Court dismissed certain claims, including the antitrust claims, and permitted other claims under the Commodity Exchange Act and common law to proceed. In May 2016, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit vacated the dismissal of the antitrust claims and remanded the case to the District Court to consider, among other things, whether the plaintiffs have standing to assert antitrust claims. JPMorgan Chase and other defendants again moved to dismiss the antitrust claims in July 2016.

The Firm is one of the defendants in a number of putative class actions alleging that defendant banks and ICAP conspired to manipulate the U.S. dollar ISDAFIX rates. Plaintiffs primarily assert claims under the federal antitrust laws and Commodity Exchange Act. In April 2016, the Firm settled the ISDAFIX litigation, along with certain other banks. Those settlements have been preliminarily approved by the Court.

Madoff Litigation. A putative class action was filed in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey by investors who were net winners (i.e., Madoff customers who had taken more money out of their accounts than had been invested) in Madoff’s Ponzi scheme and were not included in a prior class action settlement. These plaintiffs allege violations of the federal securities law, as well as other state and federal claims. A similar action was filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida, although it was not styled as a class action, and included claims pursuant to Florida statutes. The Florida court granted the Firm’s motion to dismiss the case in September 2015. The plaintiffs have filed an appeal, which is pending. In addition, the same plaintiffs have re-filed their dismissed state claims in Florida state court. The Firm’s motion to dismiss is pending. The New Jersey court granted the transfer motion to the Southern District of New York, which granted the Firm’s motion to dismiss. The plaintiffs have filed a notice of appeal.

Three shareholder derivative actions have also been filed in New York federal and state court against the Firm, as nominal defendant, and certain of its current and former Board members, alleging breach of fiduciary duty in connection with the Firm’s relationship with Bernard Madoff and the alleged failure to maintain effective internal controls to detect fraudulent transactions. All three actions

have been dismissed. The plaintiff in one of the actions is seeking leave to appeal, which the Firm has opposed.

Mortgage-Backed Securities and Repurchase Litigation and Related Regulatory Investigations. The Firm and affiliates (together, “JPMC”), Bear Stearns and affiliates (together, “Bear Stearns”) and certain Washington Mutual affiliates (together, “Washington Mutual”) have been named as defendants in a number of cases in their various roles in offerings of mortgage-backed securities (“MBS”). Following the settlements referred to below, the remaining civil cases include one investor action, one action by a monoline insurer relating to Bear Stearns’ role solely as underwriter, and actions for repurchase of mortgage loans. The Firm and certain of its current and former officers and Board members have also been sued in shareholder derivative actions relating to the Firm’s MBS activities, and one action remains pending.

Issuer Litigation – Individual Purchaser Actions. With the exception of one remaining action, the Firm has settled all of the individual actions brought against JPMC, Bear Stearns and Washington Mutual as MBS issuers (and, in some cases, also as underwriters of their own MBS offerings).

Underwriter Actions. The Firm is defending one remaining action by a monoline insurer relating to Bear Stearns’ role solely as underwriter for another issuer’s MBS offering. The issuer is defunct.

Repurchase Litigation. The Firm is defending a number of actions brought by trustees, securities administrators and/or master servicers of various MBS trusts on behalf of purchasers of securities issued by those trusts. These cases generally allege breaches of various representations and warranties regarding securitized loans and seek repurchase of those loans or equivalent monetary relief, as well as indemnification of attorneys’ fees and costs and other remedies. Deutsche Bank National Trust Company, acting as trustee for various MBS trusts, has filed such a suit against JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the “FDIC”) in connection with a significant number of MBS issued by Washington Mutual; that case is described in the Washington Mutual Litigations section below. Other repurchase actions, each specific to one or more MBS transactions issued by JPMC and/or Bear Stearns, are in various stages of litigation.

In addition, the Firm and a group of 21 institutional MBS investors made a binding offer to the trustees of MBS issued by JPMC and Bear Stearns providing for the payment of $4.5 billion and the implementation of certain servicing changes by JPMC, to resolve all repurchase and servicing claims that have been asserted or could have been asserted with respect to 330 MBS trusts created between 2005 and 2008. The offer does not resolve claims relating to Washington Mutual MBS. The trustees (or separate and successor trustees) for this group of 330 trusts have accepted the settlement for 319 trusts in whole or in part

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and excluded from the settlement 16 trusts in whole or in part. The trustees’ acceptance is subject to a judicial approval proceeding initiated by the trustees and pending in New York state court. The judicial approval hearing was held in January 2016, and the parties are awaiting a decision.

Additional actions have been filed against third-party trustees that relate to loan repurchase and servicing claims involving trusts sponsored by JPMC, Bear Stearns and Washington Mutual.

The Firm has entered into agreements with a number of MBS trustees or entities that purchased MBS that toll applicable statute of limitations periods with respect to their claims, and has settled, and in the future may settle, tolled claims. There is no assurance that the Firm will not be named as a defendant in additional MBS-related litigation.

Derivative Actions. Shareholder derivative actions relating to the Firm’s MBS activities have been filed against the Firm, as nominal defendant, and certain of its current and former officers and members of its Board of Directors, in New York state court and California federal court. The New York actions have been dismissed, and the California action remains pending.

Government Enforcement Investigations and Litigation. The Firm is responding to an ongoing investigation being conducted by the DOJ’s Criminal Division and a United States Attorney’s Office relating to MBS offerings securitized and sold by the Firm and its subsidiaries. The Firm has also received subpoenas and informal requests for information from state authorities concerning the issuance and underwriting of MBS-related matters. The Firm continues to respond to these MBS-related regulatory inquiries.

In addition, the Firm continues to cooperate with investigations by the DOJ, including the United States Attorney’s Office for the District of Connecticut, and by the SEC Division of Enforcement and the Office of the Special Inspector General for the Troubled Asset Relief Program, all of which relate to, among other matters, communications with counterparties in connection with certain secondary market trading in residential and commercial MBS.

Mortgage-Related Investigations and Litigation. The Civil Division of the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York is conducting an investigation concerning the Firm’s compliance with the Fair Housing Act and Equal Credit Opportunity Act in connection with its mortgage lending practices. In addition, three municipalities have commenced litigation against the Firm alleging violations of an unfair competition law or the Fair Housing Act. The municipalities seek, among other things, civil penalties for the unfair competition claim, and, for the Fair Housing Act claims, damages resulting from lost tax revenue and increased municipal costs associated with foreclosed properties. The municipal actions are stayed

pending the United States Supreme Court’s review of decisions of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit which held, among other things, that the City of Miami has standing under the Fair Housing Act to pursue similar claims against other banks.

In March 2015, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A entered into a settlement agreement with the Executive Office for United States Bankruptcy Trustees and the United States Trustee Program (collectively, the “Bankruptcy Trustee”) to resolve issues relating to mortgage payment change notices and escrow statements in bankruptcy proceedings. The Bankruptcy Trustee continues to review certain issues relating to mortgage payment change notices. In January 2016, the OCC determined that, among other things, the mortgage payment change notices issues that were the subject of the settlement with the Bankruptcy Trustee violated the 2011 mortgage servicing-related consent order entered into by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the OCC (as amended in 2013 and 2015), and assessed a $48 million civil money penalty. The OCC concurrently terminated that consent order.

Municipal Derivatives Litigation. Several civil actions were commenced in New York and Alabama courts against the Firm relating to certain Jefferson County, Alabama (the “County”) warrant underwritings and swap transactions. The claims in the civil actions generally alleged that the Firm made payments to certain third parties in exchange for being chosen to underwrite more than $3 billion in warrants issued by the County and to act as the counterparty for certain swaps executed by the County. The County filed for bankruptcy in November 2011. In June 2013, the County filed a Chapter 9 Plan of Adjustment, as amended (the “Plan of Adjustment”), which provided that all the above-described actions against the Firm would be released and dismissed with prejudice. In November 2013, the Bankruptcy Court confirmed the Plan of Adjustment, and in December 2013, certain sewer rate payers filed an appeal challenging the confirmation of the Plan of Adjustment. All conditions to the Plan of Adjustment’s effectiveness, including the dismissal of the actions against the Firm, were satisfied or waived and the transactions contemplated by the Plan of Adjustment occurred in December 2013. Accordingly, all the above-described actions against the Firm have been dismissed pursuant to the terms of the Plan of Adjustment. The appeal of the Bankruptcy Court’s order confirming the Plan of Adjustment remains pending.

Petters Bankruptcy and Related Matters. JPMorgan Chase and certain of its affiliates, including One Equity Partners (“OEP”), have been named as defendants in several actions filed in connection with the receivership and bankruptcy proceedings pertaining to Thomas J. Petters and certain affiliated entities (collectively, “Petters”) and the Polaroid Corporation. The principal actions against JPMorgan Chase

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and its affiliates have been brought by a court-appointed receiver for Petters and the trustees in bankruptcy proceedings for three Petters entities. These actions generally seek to avoid certain putative transfers in connection with (i) the 2005 acquisition by Petters of Polaroid, which at the time was majority-owned by OEP; (ii) two credit facilities that JPMorgan Chase and other financial institutions entered into with Polaroid; and (iii) a credit line and investment accounts held by Petters. The actions collectively seek recovery of approximately $450 million. Defendants have moved to dismiss the complaints in the actions filed by the Petters bankruptcy trustees.

Proprietary Products Investigations and Litigation. In December 2015, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC agreed to a settlement with the SEC, and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. agreed to a settlement with the CFTC, regarding disclosures to clients concerning conflicts associated with the Firm’s sale and use of proprietary products, such as J.P. Morgan mutual funds,

in the Firm’s wealth management businesses, and the U.S. Private Bank’s disclosures concerning the use of hedge funds that pay placement agent fees to JPMorgan Chase broker-dealer affiliates. The Firm continues to cooperate with inquiries from other government authorities concerning disclosure of conflicts associated with the Firm’s sale and use of proprietary products. A putative class action, which was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois on behalf of financial advisory clients from 2007 to the present whose funds were invested in proprietary funds and who were charged investment management fees, was dismissed by the Court. Plaintiffs’ appeal of the dismissal is pending.

Referral Hiring Practices Investigations. Various regulators, including the DOJ’s Criminal Division as well as the SEC, are investigating, among other things, the Firm’s compliance with the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other laws with respect to the Firm’s hiring practices related to candidates referred by clients, potential clients and government officials, and its engagement of consultants in the Asia Pacific region. The Firm is responding to and cooperating with these investigations.

Washington Mutual Litigations. Proceedings related to Washington Mutual’s failure are pending before the United States District Court for the District of Columbia and include a lawsuit brought by Deutsche Bank National Trust Company, initially against the FDIC and amended to include JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as a defendant, asserting an estimated $6 billion to $10 billion in damages based upon alleged breaches of certain representations and warranties given by certain Washington Mutual affiliates in connection with mortgage securitization agreements. The case includes assertions that JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. may have assumed liabilities for the alleged breaches of representations and warranties in the mortgage

securitization agreements. In June 2015, the court ruled in favor of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. on the question of whether the Firm or the FDIC bears responsibility for Washington Mutual Bank’s repurchase obligations, holding that JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. assumed only those liabilities that were reflected on Washington Mutual Bank’s financial accounting records as of September 25, 2008, and only up to the amount of the book value reflected therein. The FDIC is appealing that ruling and the case has otherwise been stayed pending the outcome of that appeal.

JPMorgan Chase has also filed complaints in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia against the FDIC, in its corporate capacity as well as in its capacity as receiver for Washington Mutual Bank, asserting multiple claims for indemnification under the terms of the Purchase & Assumption Agreement between JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and the FDIC relating to JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s purchase of substantially all of the assets and certain liabilities of Washington Mutual Bank (the "Purchase & Assumption Agreement").

The Firm, Deutsche Bank National Trust Company and the FDIC have signed a term sheet to resolve (a) pending litigation brought by Deutsche Bank National Trust Company against the FDIC and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as defendants, relating to alleged breaches of certain representations and warranties given by certain Washington Mutual affiliates in connection with mortgage securitization agreements and (b) JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.’s outstanding indemnification claims pursuant to the terms of the Purchase & Assumption Agreement. The term sheet is subject to FDIC Board approval, finalization of settlement documents and certain judicial approval procedures.

Wendel. Since 2012, the French criminal authorities have been investigating a series of transactions entered into by senior managers of Wendel Investissement (“Wendel”) during the period from 2004 through 2007 to restructure their shareholdings in Wendel. JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Paris branch provided financing for the transactions to a number of managers of Wendel in 2007. In April 2015, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. was notified that the authorities were formally investigating the role of its Paris branch in the transactions, including alleged criminal tax abuse. JPMorgan Chase is responding to and cooperating with the investigation. In addition, civil proceedings have been commenced against JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. by a number of the managers. The claims are separate, involve different allegations and are at various stages of proceedings.

* * *

In addition to the various legal proceedings discussed above, JPMorgan Chase and its subsidiaries are named as defendants or are otherwise involved in a substantial number of other legal proceedings. The Firm believes it has meritorious defenses to the claims asserted against it in its

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currently outstanding legal proceedings and it intends to defend itself vigorously in all such matters. Additional legal proceedings may be initiated from time to time in the future.

The Firm has established reserves for several hundred of its currently outstanding legal proceedings. In accordance with the provisions of U.S. GAAP for contingencies, the Firm accrues for a litigation-related liability when it is probable that such a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. The Firm evaluates its outstanding legal proceedings each quarter to assess its litigation reserves, and makes adjustments in such reserves, upwards or downward, as appropriate, based on management’s best judgment after consultation with counsel. The Firm’s legal expense was a benefit of $(430) million and an expense of $291 million during the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and a benefit of $(476) million and an expense of $978 million during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. There is no assurance that the Firm’s litigation reserves will not need to be adjusted in the future.

In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome

of legal proceedings, particularly where the claimants seek very large or indeterminate damages, or where the matters present novel legal theories, involve a large number of parties or are in early stages of discovery, the Firm cannot state with confidence what will be the eventual outcomes of the currently pending matters, the timing of their ultimate resolution or the eventual losses, fines, penalties or impact related to those matters. JPMorgan Chase believes, based upon its current knowledge, after consultation with counsel and after taking into account its current litigation reserves, that the legal proceedings currently pending against it should not have a material adverse effect on the Firm’s consolidated financial condition. The Firm notes, however, that in light of the uncertainties involved in such proceedings, there is no assurance that the ultimate resolution of these matters will not significantly exceed the reserves it has currently accrued. As a result, the outcome of a particular matter may be material to JPMorgan Chase’s operating results for a particular period, depending on, among other factors, the size of the loss or liability imposed and the level of JPMorgan Chase’s income for that period.

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Note 24 – Business segments

The Firm is managed on a line of business basis. There are four major reportable business segments – Consumer & Community Banking, Corporate & Investment Bank, Commercial Banking and Asset Management. In addition, there is a Corporate segment. The business segments are determined based on the products and services provided, or the type of customer served, and they reflect the manner in which financial information is currently evaluated by management. Results of these lines of business are presented on a managed basis. For a further discussion concerning JPMorgan Chase’s business segments, see Business Segment Results on page 18, and pages 83–84, and Note 33 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Segment results

The accompanying tables provide a summary of the Firm’s segment results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, on a managed basis. Total net revenue (noninterest revenue and net interest income) for each of the segments is presented on a FTE basis. Accordingly,

revenue from investments that receive tax credits and tax-exempt securities is presented in the managed results on a basis comparable to taxable investments and securities. This allows management to assess the comparability of revenue from year-to-year arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources. The corresponding income tax impact related to tax-exempt items is recorded within income tax expense/(benefit).

On at least an annual basis, the Firm assesses the level of capital required for each line of business as well as the assumptions and methodologies used to allocate capital. The line of business equity allocations are updated as refinements are implemented. Each business segment is allocated capital by taking into consideration stand-alone peer comparisons, regulatory capital requirements (as estimated under Basel III Advanced Fully Phased-In rules) and economic risk. The amount of capital assigned to each business is referred to as equity.



Segment results and reconciliation^(a)
As of or for the three months ended June 30, (in millions, except ratios)	Consumer & Community Banking				Corporate & Investment Bank				Commercial Banking					Asset Management
	2016		2015		2016		2015		2016			2015		2016			2015
Noninterest revenue	$	4,138	$	4,089	$	6,475	$	6,233	$	586		$	609	$	2,192		$	2,544
Net interest income	7,313		6,926		2,690		2,490		1,231			1,130		747			631
Total net revenue	11,451		11,015		9,165		8,723		1,817			1,739		2,939			3,175
Provision for credit losses	1,201		702		235		50		(25		)	182		(8		)	—
Noninterest expense	6,004		6,210		5,078		5,137		731			703		2,098			2,406
Income before income tax expense	4,246		4,103		3,852		3,536		1,111			854		849			769
Income tax expense	1,590		1,570		1,359		1,195		415			329		328			318
Net income	$	2,656	$	2,533	$	2,493	$	2,341	$	696		$	525	$	521		$	451
Average common equity	$	51,000	$	51,000	$	64,000	$	62,000	$	16,000		$	14,000	$	9,000		$	9,000
Total assets	519,187		472,181		826,019		819,745		208,151			201,377		134,380			134,059
Return on common equity	20%		19%		15%		14%		16%			14%		22%			19%
Overhead ratio	52		56		55		59		40			40		71			76



As of or for the three months ended June 30, (in millions, except ratios)	Corporate						Reconciling Items^(a)						Total
	2016			2015			2016			2015			2016			2015
Noninterest revenue	$	171		$	100		$	(529	)	$	(447	)	$	13,033		$	13,128
Net interest income	(329		)	(221		)	(305		)	$	(272	)	11,347			10,684
Total net revenue	(158		)	(121		)	(834		)	$	(719	)	24,380			23,812
Provision for credit losses	(1		)	1			—			—			1,402			935
Noninterest expense	(273		)	44			—			—			13,638			14,500
Income/(loss) before income tax expense/(benefit)	116			(166		)	(834		)	(719		)	9,340			8,377
Income tax expense/(benefit)	282			(606		)	(834		)	(719		)	3,140			2,087
Net income/(loss)	$	(166	)	$	440		$	—		$	—		$	6,200		$	6,290
Average common equity	$	84,429		$	77,738		$	—		$	—		$	224,429		$	213,738
Total assets	778,359			821,736			NA			NA			2,466,096			2,449,098
Return on common equity	NM			NM			NM			NM			10		%	11		%
Overhead ratio	NM			NM			NM			NM			56			61

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Segment results and reconciliation^(a)
As of or for the six months ended June 30, (in millions, except ratios)	Consumer & Community Banking					Corporate & Investment Bank					Commercial Banking					Asset Management
	2016		2015			2016		2015			2016		2015			2016		2015
Noninterest revenue	$	7,944	$	7,825		$	12,009	$	13,307		$	1,142	$	1,245		$	4,437	$	4,928
Net interest income	14,624		13,894			5,291		4,998			2,478		2,236			1,474		1,252
Total net revenue	22,568		21,719			17,300		18,305			3,620		3,481			5,911		6,180
Provision for credit losses	2,251		1,632			694		19			279		243			5		4
Noninterest expense	12,092		12,400			9,886		10,794			1,444		1,412			4,173		4,581
Income before income tax expense	8,225		7,687			6,720		7,492			1,897		1,826			1,733		1,595
Income tax expense	3,079		2,935			2,248		2,614			705		703			625		642
Net income	$	5,146	$	4,752		$	4,472	$	4,878		$	1,192	$	1,123		$	1,108	$	953
Average common equity	$	51,000	$	51,000		$	64,000	$	62,000		$	16,000	$	14,000		$	9,000	$	9,000
Total assets	519,187		472,181			826,019		819,745			208,151		201,377			134,380		134,059
Return on common equity	19%		18		%	13%		15		%	14%		15		%	24%		21		%
Overhead ratio	54		57			57		59			40		41			71		74



As of or for the six months ended June 30, (in millions, except ratios)	Corporate						Reconciling Items^(a)						Total
	2016			2015			2016			2015			2016		2015
Noninterest revenue	$	440		$	140		$	(1,080	)	$	(928	)	$	24,892	$	26,517
Net interest income	(542		)	(474		)	(598		)	(545		)	22,727		21,361
Total net revenue	(102		)	(334		)	(1,678		)	(1,473		)	47,619		47,878
Provision for credit losses	(3		)	(4		)	—			—			3,226		1,894
Noninterest expense	(120		)	196			—			—			27,475		29,383
Income/(loss) before income tax expense/(benefit)	21			(526		)	(1,678		)	(1,473		)	16,918		16,601
Income tax expense/(benefit)	219			(1,024		)	(1,678		)	(1,473		)	5,198		4,397
Net income/(loss)	$	(198	)	$	498		$	—		$	—		$	11,720	$	12,204
Average common equity	$	82,995		$	77,049		$	—		$	—		$	222,995	$	213,049
Total assets	778,359			821,736			NA			NA			2,466,096		2,449,098
Return on common equity	NM			NM			NM			NM			10%		11		%
Overhead ratio	NM			NM			NM			NM			58		61


(a)	Segment managed results reflect revenue on an FTE basis with the corresponding income tax impact recorded within income tax expense/(benefit). These FTE adjustments are eliminated in reconciling items to arrive at the Firm’s reported U.S. GAAP results.

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of JPMorgan

Chase & Co.:

We have reviewed the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and its subsidiaries (the “Firm”) as of June 30, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for each of the three-month and six-month periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the six-month periods ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. These interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Firm’s management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, changes in stockholders’ equity, and changes in cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 23, 2016, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet information as of December 31, 2015, is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the consolidated balance sheet from which it has been derived.

August 3, 2016

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, 300 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10017

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JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated average balance sheets, interest and rates
(Taxable-equivalent interest and rates; in millions, except rates)

	Three months ended June 30, 2016										Three months ended June 30, 2015
	Average balance			Interest^(e)				Rate (annualized)			Average balance			Interest^(e)				Rate (annualized)
Assets
Deposits with banks	$	379,001		$	466			0.49	%		$	437,776		$	312			0.29	%
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	201,871			576				1.15			205,352			340				0.66
Securities borrowed	101,669			(96		)	^(f)	(0.38	)		107,178			(159		)	^(f)	(0.59	)
Trading assets – debt instruments	215,780			1,878				3.50			208,823			1,755				3.37
Taxable securities	235,641			1,380				2.36			282,398			1,609				2.28
Nontaxable securities^(a)	44,400			671				6.08			41,543			628				6.06
Total securities	280,041			2,051				2.95		^(g)	323,941			2,237				2.77		^(g)
Loans	859,727			9,032				4.22			774,205			8,126				4.21
Other assets^(b)	41,436			211				2.06			40,362			175				1.74
Total interest-earning assets	2,079,525			14,118				2.73			2,097,637			12,786				2.44
Allowance for loan losses	(13,983		)								(14,076		)
Cash and due from banks	18,956										23,211
Trading assets – equity instruments	99,626										117,638
Trading assets – derivative receivables	69,823										73,805
Goodwill	47,309										47,485
Mortgage servicing rights	5,512										6,924
Other intangible assets	928										1,113
Other assets	133,493										140,096
Total assets	$	2,441,189									$	2,493,833
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits	$	915,295		$	321			0.14	%		$	869,523		$	308			0.14	%
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	176,855			282				0.64			200,054			143				0.29
Commercial paper	17,462			38				0.88			49,020			30				0.25
Trading liabilities – debt, short-term and other liabilities^(c)(d)	200,141			314				0.63			213,246			171				0.32
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	38,411			118				1.24			51,600			110				0.85
Long-term debt	291,726			1,393				1.92			282,262			1,068				1.52
Total interest-bearing liabilities	1,639,890			2,466				0.60			1,665,705			1,830				0.44
Noninterest-bearing deposits	400,671										429,622
Trading liabilities – equity instruments^(d)	20,747										16,528
Trading liabilities – derivative payables	54,048										64,249
All other liabilities, including the allowance for lending-related commitments	75,336										80,515
Total liabilities	2,190,692										2,256,619
Stockholders’ equity
Preferred stock	26,068										23,476
Common stockholders’ equity	224,429										213,738
Total stockholders’ equity	250,497										237,214
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,441,189									$	2,493,833
Interest rate spread								2.13	%									2.00	%
Net interest income and net yield on interest-earning assets				$	11,652			2.25						$	10,956			2.09


(a)	Represents securities which are tax exempt for U.S. federal income tax purposes.


(b)	Includes margin loans.


(c)	Includes brokerage customer payables.


(d)	Included trading liabilities – debt and equity instruments of $95,151 million and $83,180 million for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 respectively.


(e)	Interest includes the effect of certain related hedging derivatives. Taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable.


(f)	Negative interest income and yield is a result of increased client-driven demand for certain securities combined with the impact of low interest rates; this is matched book activity and the negative interest expense on the corresponding securities loaned is recognized in interest expense and reported within trading liabilities – debt, short-term and other liabilities.


(g)	For the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the annualized rates for securities, based on amortized cost, were 3.00% and 2.83%, respectively; this does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss).

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JPMorgan Chase & Co.
Consolidated average balance sheets, interest and rates
(Taxable-equivalent interest and rates; in millions, except rates)

	Six months ended June 30, 2016										Six months ended June 30, 2015
	Average balance			Interest^(e)				Rate (annualized)			Average balance			Interest^(e)				Rate (annualized)
Assets
Deposits with banks	$	371,600		$	926			0.5	%		$	458,862		$	653			0.29	%
Federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements	203,433			1,130				1.12			211,415			736				0.70
Securities borrowed	102,565			(188		)	^(f)	(0.37	)		109,177			(279		)	^(f)	(0.52	)
Trading assets – debt instruments	212,047			3,594				3.41			209,443			3,510				3.38
Taxable securities	238,008			2,822				2.38			288,688			3,333				2.33
Nontaxable securities^(a)	44,257			1,336				6.07			40,735			1,231				6.09
Total securities	282,265			4,158				2.96		^(g)	329,423			4,564				2.79		^(g)
Loans	850,126			17,939				4.24			765,967			16,120				4.24
Other assets^(b)	39,718			404				2.05			38,791			320				1.66
Total interest-earning assets	2,061,754			27,963				2.73			2,123,078			25,624				2.43
Allowance for loan losses	(13,810		)								(14,067		)
Cash and due from banks	18,450										23,963
Trading assets – equity instruments	92,453										114,893
Trading assets – derivative receivables	70,237										78,825
Goodwill	47,320										47,488
Mortgage servicing rights	5,715										6,876
Other intangible assets	957										1,138
Other assets	134,979										142,797
Total assets	$	2,418,055									$	2,524,991
Liabilities
Interest-bearing deposits	$	899,689		$	641			0.14	%		$	886,828		$	672			0.15	%
Federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements	174,050			542				0.63			200,145			285				0.29
Commercial paper	17,499			71				0.82			54,486			64				0.24
Trading liabilities – debt, short-term and other liabilities^(c)(d)	198,187			541				0.55			218,275			327				0.30
Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs	39,125			231				1.19			51,142			208				0.82
Long-term debt	289,943			2,612				1.81			280,561			2,162				1.55
Total interest-bearing liabilities	1,618,493			4,638				0.58			1,691,437			3,718				0.44
Noninterest-bearing deposits	399,929										430,898
Trading liabilities – equity instruments^(d)	19,625										17,365
Trading liabilities – derivative payables	57,319										70,116
All other liabilities, including the allowance for lending-related commitments	73,626										79,968
Total liabilities	2,168,992										2,289,784
Stockholders�� equity
Preferred stock	26,068										22,158
Common stockholders’ equity	222,995										213,049
Total stockholders’ equity	249,063										235,207
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,418,055									$	2,524,991
Interest rate spread								2.15	%									1.99	%
Net interest income and net yield on interest-earning assets				$	23,325			2.28						$	21,906			2.08


(a)	Represents securities which are tax exempt for U.S. federal income tax purposes.


(b)	Includes margin loans.


(c)	Includes brokerage customer payables.


(d)	Included trading liabilities - debt and equity instruments of $91,434 million and $83,680 million for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.


(e)	Interest includes the effect of related hedging derivatives. Taxable-equivalent amounts are used where applicable.


(f)	Negative interest income and yield is a result of increased client-driven demand for certain securities combined with the impact of low interest rates; this is matched book activity and the negative interest expense on the corresponding securities loaned is recognized in interest expense and reported within trading liabilities - debt, short-term and other liabilities.


(g)	For the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the annualized rates for securities, based on amortized cost, were 3.01% and 2.86% respectively; this does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss).

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GLOSSARY OF TERMS AND ACRONYMS

2015 Annual Report or 2015 Form 10-K: Annual report on Form 10-K for year ended December 31, 2015, filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.

ABS: Asset-backed securities

Active foreclosures: Loans referred to foreclosure where formal foreclosure proceedings are ongoing. Includes both judicial and non-judicial states.

AFS: Available-for-sale

Allowance for loan losses to total loans: Represents period-end allowance for loan losses divided by retained loans.

AM: Asset Management

AOCI: Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)

ARM: Adjustable rate mortgage(s)

AUC: Assets under custody

AUM: Assets under management

Beneficial interests issued by consolidated VIEs: Represents the interest of third-party holders of debt, equity securities, or other obligations, issued by VIEs that JPMorgan Chase consolidates.

Benefit obligation: Refers to the projected benefit obligation for pension plans and the accumulated postretirement benefit obligation for OPEB plans.

BHC: Bank holding company

CB: Commercial Banking

CBB: Consumer & Business Banking

CCAR: Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review

SCCL: single-counterparty credit limits

CCB: Consumer & Community Banking

CCP: “Central counterparty” is a clearing house that interposes itself between counterparties to contracts traded in one or more financial markets, becoming the buyer to every seller and the seller to every buyer and thereby ensuring the future performance of open contracts. A CCP becomes counterparty to trades with market participants through novation, an open offer system, or another legally binding arrangement.

CDS: Credit default swaps

CEO: Chief Executive Officer

CET1 Capital: Common Equity Tier 1 Capital

CFTC: Commodity Futures Trading Commission

CFO: Chief Financial Officer

Chase Bank USA, N.A.: Chase Bank USA, National Association

CIB: Corporate & Investment Bank

CIO: Chief Investment Office

Client deposits and other third party liabilities: Deposits,

as well as deposits that are swept to on-balance sheet liabilities (e.g., commercial paper, federal funds purchased and securities loaned or sold under repurchase agreements) as part of client cash management programs. During the third quarter 2015 the Firm completed the discontinuation of its commercial paper customer sweep cash management program.

CLO: Collateralized loan obligations

CLTV: Combined loan-to-value

Commercial Card provides a wide range of payment services to corporate and public sector clients worldwide through the commercial card products. Services include procurement, corporate travel and entertainment, expense management services, and business-to-business payment solutions.

COO: Chief Operating Officer

Core loans: Loans considered central to the Firm’s ongoing businesses; core loans exclude loans classified as trading assets, runoff portfolios, discontinued portfolios and portfolios the Firm has an intent to exit.

Credit derivatives: Financial instruments whose value is derived from the credit risk associated with the debt of a third party issuer (the reference entity) which allow one party (the protection purchaser) to transfer that risk to another party (the protection seller). Upon the occurrence of a credit event by the reference entity, which may include, among other events, the bankruptcy or failure to pay its obligations, or certain restructurings of the debt of the reference entity, neither party has recourse to the reference entity. The protection purchaser has recourse to the protection seller for the difference between the face value of the CDS contract and the fair value at the time of settling the credit derivative contract. The determination as to whether a credit event has occurred is generally made by the relevant ISDA Determinations Committee.

Criticized: Criticized loans, lending-related commitments and derivative receivables that are classified as special mention, substandard and doubtful categories for regulatory purposes and are generally consistent with a rating of CCC+/Caa1 and below, as defined by S&P and Moody’s.

CRO: Chief Risk Officer

CVA: Credit valuation adjustments

DFAST: Dodd-Frank Act Stress Test

Dodd-Frank Act: Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act

DOJ: U.S. Department of Justice

DOL: U.S. Department of Labor

DVA: Debit valuation adjustment

E&P: Exploration & Production

EC: European Commission

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Eligible LTD: Long-term debt satisfying certain eligibility criteria

ERISA: Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974

EPS: Earnings per share

Exchange-traded derivatives: Derivative contracts that are executed on an exchange and settled via a central clearing house.

FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board

Fannie Mae: Federal National Mortgage Association

FCA: Financial Conduct Authority

FCC: Firmwide Control Committee

FDIA: Federal Depository Insurance Act

FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

Federal Reserve: The Board of the Governors of the Federal Reserve System

Fee share: Proportion of fee revenue based on estimates of investment banking fees generated across the industry from investment banking transactions in M&A, equity and debt underwriting, and loan syndications. Source: Dealogic, a third party provider of investment banking fee competitive analysis and volume-based league tables for the above noted industry products.

FFELP: Federal Family Education Loan Program

FFIEC: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council

FHA: Federal Housing Administration

FHLB: Federal Home Loan Bank

FICO score: A measure of consumer credit risk provided by credit bureaus, typically produced from statistical models by Fair Isaac Corporation utilizing data collected by the credit bureaus.

Firm: JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Forward points: Represents the interest rate differential between two currencies, which is either added to or subtracted from the current exchange rate (i.e., “spot rate”) to determine the forward exchange rate.

FSB: Financial Stability Board

FTE: Fully taxable equivalent

FVA: Funding valuation adjustment

FX: Foreign exchange

G7: Group of Seven nations. Countries in the G7 are Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the U.K. and the U.S.

G7 government bonds: Bonds issued by the government of one of the G7 nations.

Ginnie Mae: Government National Mortgage Association

GSE: Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac

GSIB: Globally systemically important banks

HAMP: Home affordable modification program

Headcount-related expense: Includes salary and benefits (excluding performance-based incentives), and other noncompensation costs related to employees.

HELOAN: Home equity loan

HELOC: Home equity line of credit

Home equity – senior lien: Represents loans and commitments where JPMorgan Chase holds the first security interest on the property.

Home equity – junior lien: Represents loans and commitments where JPMorgan Chase holds a security interest that is subordinate in rank to other liens.

HQLA: High quality liquid assets

HTM: Held-to-maturity

IDI: Insured depository institutions

Impaired loan: Impaired loans are loans measured at amortized cost, for which it is probable that the Firm will be unable to collect all amounts due, including principal and interest, according to the contractual terms of the agreement. Impaired loans include the following:


•	All wholesale nonaccrual loans


•	All TDRs (both wholesale and consumer), including ones that have returned to accrual status

Interchange income: A fee paid to a credit card issuer in the clearing and settlement of a sales or cash advance transaction.

Investment-grade: An indication of credit quality based on JPMorgan Chase’s internal risk assessment system. “Investment grade” generally represents a risk profile similar to a rating of a “BBB-”/“Baa3” or better, as defined by independent rating agencies.

ISDA: International Swaps and Derivatives Association

JPMorgan Chase: JPMorgan Chase & Co.

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.: JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association

JPMorgan Clearing: J.P. Morgan Clearing Corp.

JPMorgan Securities: J.P. Morgan Securities LLC

LCR: Liquidity coverage ratio

LGD: Loss given default

LLC: Limited Liability Company

LOB: Line of business

LIBOR: London Interbank Offered Rate

LTD: Life-to-date

LTIP: Long-term incentive plan

LTV: Loan-to-value ratio. For residential real estate loans, the relationship, expressed as a percentage, between the principal amount of a loan and the appraised value of the collateral (i.e., residential real estate) securing the loan.

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Origination date LTV ratio

The LTV ratio at the origination date of the loan. Origination date LTV ratios are calculated based on the actual appraised values of collateral (i.e., loan-level data) at the origination date.

Current estimated LTV ratio

An estimate of the LTV as of a certain date. The current estimated LTV ratios are calculated using estimated collateral values derived from a nationally recognized home price index measured at the MSA level. These MSA-level home price indices consist of actual data to the extent available and forecasted data where actual data is not available. As a result, the estimated collateral values used to calculate these ratios do not represent actual appraised loan-level collateral values; as such, the resulting LTV ratios are necessarily imprecise and should therefore be viewed as estimates.

Combined LTV ratio

The LTV ratio considering all available lien positions, as well as unused lines, related to the property. Combined LTV ratios are used for junior lien home equity products.

Managed basis: A non-GAAP presentation of financial results that includes reclassifications to present revenue on a fully taxable-equivalent basis. Management uses this non- GAAP financial measure at the segment level, because it believes this provides information to enable investors to understand the underlying operational performance and trends of the particular business segment and facilitates a comparison of the business segment with the performance of competitors.

Master netting agreement: An agreement between two counterparties who have multiple contracts with each other that provides for the net settlement of all contracts, as well as cash collateral, through a single payment, in a single currency, in the event of default on or termination of any one contract.

MBS: Mortgage-backed securities

MD&A: Management discussion and analysis

MMDA: Money Market Deposit Accounts

Moody’s: Moody’s Investor Services

Mortgage product types:

Alt-A

Alt-A loans are generally higher in credit quality than subprime loans but have characteristics that would disqualify the borrower from a traditional prime loan. Alt-A lending characteristics may include one or more of the following: (i) limited documentation; (ii) a high CLTV ratio; (iii) loans secured by non-owner occupied properties; or (iv) a debt-to-income ratio above normal limits. A substantial proportion of the Firm’s Alt-A loans are those where a borrower does not provide complete documentation of his or her assets or the amount or source of his or her income.

Option ARMs

The option ARM real estate loan product is an adjustable-rate mortgage loan that provides the borrower with the option each month to make a fully amortizing, interest-only or minimum payment. The minimum payment on an option ARM loan is based on the interest rate charged during the introductory period. This introductory rate is usually significantly below the fully indexed rate. The fully indexed rate is calculated using an index rate plus a margin. Once the introductory period ends, the contractual interest rate charged on the loan increases to the fully indexed rate and adjusts monthly to reflect movements in the index. The minimum payment is typically insufficient to cover interest accrued in the prior month, and any unpaid interest is deferred and added to the principal balance of the loan. Option ARM loans are subject to payment recast, which converts the loan to a variable-rate fully amortizing loan upon meeting specified loan balance and anniversary date triggers.

Prime

Prime mortgage loans are made to borrowers with good credit records who meet specific underwriting requirements, including prescriptive requirements related to income and overall debt levels. New prime mortgage borrowers provide full documentation and generally have reliable payment histories.

Subprime

Subprime loans are loans that, prior to mid-2008, were offered to certain customers with one or more high risk characteristics, including but not limited to: (i) unreliable or poor payment histories; (ii) a high LTV ratio of greater than 80% (without borrower-paid mortgage insurance); (iii) a high debt-to-income ratio; (iv) an occupancy type for the loan is other than the borrower’s primary residence; or (v) a history of delinquencies or late payments on the loan.

MSA: Metropolitan statistical areas

MSR: Mortgage servicing rights

NA: Data is not applicable or available for the period presented.

Net Capital Rule: Rule 15c3-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Net charge-off/(recovery) rate: Represents net charge-offs/(recoveries) (annualized) divided by average retained loans for the reporting period.

Net yield on interest-earning assets: The average rate for interest-earning assets less the average rate paid for all sources of funds.

NM: Not meaningful.

NOL: Net operating loss

Nonaccrual loans: Loans for which interest income is not recognized on an accrual basis. Loans (other than credit card loans and certain consumer loans insured by U.S. government agencies) are placed on nonaccrual status when management believes full payment of principal and

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interest is not expected, regardless of delinquency status, or when principal and interest has been in default for a period of 90 days or more unless the loan is both well-secured and in the process of collection. Collateral-dependent loans are typically maintained on nonaccrual status.

Nonperforming assets: Nonperforming assets include nonaccrual loans, nonperforming derivatives and certain assets acquired in loan satisfaction, predominantly real estate owned and other commercial and personal property.

NOW: Negotiable Order of Withdrawal

NSFR: Net stable funding ratio

OAS: Option-adjusted spread

OCC: Office of the controller of the currency

OCI: Other comprehensive income

OEP: One Equity Partners

OIS: Overnight index swap

OPEB: Other postretirement employee benefit

OTC: Over-the-counter derivatives: Derivative contracts that are negotiated, executed and settled bilaterally between two derivative counterparties, where one or both counterparties is a derivatives dealer.

OTC cleared: Over-the-counter cleared derivatives: Derivative contracts that are negotiated and executed bilaterally, but subsequently settled via a central clearing house, such that each derivative counterparty is only exposed to the default of that clearing house.

OTTI: Other-than-temporary impairment

Overhead ratio: Noninterest expense as a percentage of total net revenue.

Parent Company: JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Participating securities: Represents unvested stock-based compensation awards containing nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (collectively, “dividends”), which are included in the earnings per share calculation using the two-class method. JPMorgan Chase grants restricted stock and RSUs to certain employees under its stock-based compensation programs, which entitle the recipients to receive nonforfeitable dividends during the vesting period on a basis equivalent to the dividends paid to holders of common stock. These unvested awards meet the definition of participating securities. Under the two-class method, all earnings (distributed and undistributed) are allocated to each class of common stock and participating securities, based on their respective rights to receive dividends.

PCA: Prompt corrective action

PCI: “Purchased credit-impaired” loans represents loans that were acquired in the Washington Mutual transaction and deemed to be credit-impaired on the acquisition date in accordance with the guidance of the FASB. The guidance allows purchasers to aggregate credit-impaired loans acquired in the same fiscal quarter into one or more pools,

provided that the loans have common risk characteristics (e.g., product type, LTV ratios, FICO scores, past due status, geographic location). A pool is then accounted for as a single asset with a single composite interest rate and an aggregate expectation of cash flows.

PD: Probability of default

PRA: Prudential Regulatory Authority

Pre-provision profit/(loss): Represents total net revenue less noninterest expense. The Firm believes that this financial measure is useful in assessing the ability of a lending institution to generate income in excess of its provision for credit losses.

Principal transactions revenue: Principal transactions revenue includes realized and unrealized gains and losses recorded on derivatives, other financial instruments, private equity investments, and physical commodities used in market-making and client-driven activities. In addition, Principal transactions revenue also includes certain realized and unrealized gains and losses related to hedge accounting and specified risk management activities including: (a) certain derivatives designated in qualifying hedge accounting relationships (primarily fair value hedges of commodity and foreign exchange risk), (b) certain derivatives used for specified risk management purposes, primarily to mitigate credit risk, foreign exchange risk and commodity risk, and (c) other derivatives.

PSU(s): Performance share units

Receivables from customers: Primarily represents margin loans to prime and retail brokerage customers which are included in accrued interest and accounts receivable on the Consolidated balance sheets.

Regulatory VaR: Daily aggregated VaR calculated in accordance with regulatory rules.

REO: Real estate owned

Reported basis: Financial statements prepared under U.S. GAAP, which excludes the impact of taxable-equivalent adjustments.

Retained loans: Loans that are held-for-investment (i.e. excludes loans held-for-sale and loans at fair value).

RHS: Rural Housing Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture

RWA: Risk-weighted assets: Basel III establishes two comprehensive methodologies for calculating RWA (a Standardized approach and an Advanced approach) which include capital requirements for credit risk, market risk, and in the case of Basel III Advanced, also operational risk. Key differences in the calculation of credit risk RWA between the Standardized and Advanced approaches are that for Basel III Advanced, credit risk RWA is based on risk-sensitive approaches which largely rely on the use of internal credit models and parameters, whereas for Basel III Standardized, credit risk RWA is generally based on supervisory risk-weightings which vary primarily by counterparty type and asset class. Market risk RWA is calculated on a generally

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consistent basis between Basel III Standardized and Basel III Advanced.

ROE: Return on equity

ROTCE: Return on tangible common equity

RSU(s): Restricted stock units

S&P: Standard and Poor’s 500 Index

SAR(s): Stock appreciation rights

SEC: Securities and Exchange Commission

Seed capital: Initial JPMorgan capital invested in products, such as mutual funds, with the intention of ensuring the fund is of sufficient size to represent a viable offering to clients, enabling pricing of its shares, and allowing the manager to develop a track record. After these goals are achieved, the intent is to remove the Firm’s capital from the investment.

Short sale: A short sale is a sale of real estate in which proceeds from selling the underlying property are less than the amount owed the Firm under the terms of the related mortgage and the related lien is released upon receipt of such proceeds.

Single-name: Single reference-entities

SLR: Supplementary leverage ratio

SMBS: Stripped mortgage-backed securities

SOA: Society of Actuaries

SPEs: Special purpose entities

Structural interest rate risk: Represents interest rate risk of the non-trading assets and liabilities of the Firm.

Structured notes: Structured notes are predominantly financial instruments containing embedded derivatives. Where present, the embedded derivative is the primary driver of risk.

Suspended foreclosures: Loans referred to foreclosure where formal foreclosure proceedings have started but are currently on hold, which could be due to bankruptcy or loss mitigation. Includes both judicial and non-judicial states.

Taxable-equivalent basis: In presenting managed results, the total net revenue for each of the business segments and the Firm is presented on a tax-equivalent basis. Accordingly, revenue from investments that receive tax credits and tax-exempt securities is presented in the managed results on a basis comparable to taxable investments and securities; the

corresponding income tax impact related to tax-exempt items is recorded within income tax expense.

TBVPS: Tangible book value per share

TCE: Tangible common equity

TDR: “Troubled debt restructuring” is deemed to occur when the Firm modifies the original terms of a loan agreement by granting a concession to a borrower that is experiencing financial difficulty.

TLAC: Total Loss Absorbing Capacity

U.K.: United Kingdom

Unaudited: Financial statements and information that have not been subjected to auditing procedures sufficient to permit an independent certified public accountant to express an opinion.

U.S.: United States of America

U.S. GAAP: Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

U.S. GSEs and U.S. GSE obligations: In the U.S., GSEs are quasi-governmental, privately-held entities established by Congress to improve the flow of credit to specific sectors of the economy and provide certain essential services to the public. U.S. GSEs include Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, but do not include Ginnie Mae, which is directly owned by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. U.S. GSE obligations are not explicitly guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.

U.S. LCR: Liquidity coverage ratio under the final U.S. rule.

U.S. Treasury: U.S. Department of the Treasury

VA: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

VaR: “Value-at-risk” is a measure of the dollar amount of potential loss from adverse market moves in an ordinary market environment.

VIEs: Variable interest entities

Warehouse loans: Consist of prime mortgages originated with the intent to sell that are accounted for at fair value and classified as trading assets.

Washington Mutual transaction: On September 25, 2008, JPMorgan Chase acquired certain of the assets of the banking operations of Washington Mutual Bank (“Washington Mutual”) from the FDIC.

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LINE OF BUSINESS METRICS

CONSUMER & COMMUNITY BANKING (“CCB”)

Households – A household is a collection of individuals or entities aggregated together by name, address, tax identifier and phone. Reported on a one-month lag.

Deposit margin/deposit spread - Represents net interest income expressed as a percentage of average deposits.

Mortgage Production and Mortgage Servicing revenue comprises the following:

Net production revenue includes net gains or losses on originations and sales of mortgage loans, other production-related fees and losses related to the repurchase of previously-sold loans.

Net mortgage servicing revenue includes the following components:

a) Operating revenue predominantly represents the return on Mortgage Servicing’s MSR asset and includes:


•	Actual gross income earned from servicing third-party mortgage loans, such as contractually specified servicing fees and ancillary income; and


•	The change in the fair value of the MSR asset due to the collection or realization of expected cash flows.

b) Risk management represents the components of Mortgage Servicing’s MSR asset that are subject to ongoing risk management activities, together with derivatives and other instruments used in those risk management activities.

Mortgage origination channels comprise the following:

Retail – Borrowers who buy or refinance a home through direct contact with a mortgage banker employed by the Firm using a branch office, the Internet or by phone. Borrowers are frequently referred to a mortgage banker by a banker in a Chase branch, real estate brokers, home builders or other third parties.

Correspondent – Banks, thrifts, other mortgage banks and other financial institutions that sell closed loans to the Firm.

Card Services includes the Credit Card and Commerce Solutions businesses.

Commerce Solutions is a business that primarily processes transactions for merchants.

Sales volume – Dollar amount of cardmember purchases, net of returns.

Net revenue rate – Represents Card Services net revenue (annualized) expressed as a percentage of average loans for the period.

Auto loan and lease origination volume – Dollar amount of auto loans and leases originated.

CORPORATE & INVESTMENT BANK (“CIB”)

Definition of selected CIB revenue:

Investment Banking incorporates all revenue associated with investment banking activities, and is reported net of investment banking revenue shared with other lines of business.

Treasury Services offers a broad range of products and services that enable clients to manage payments and receipts, as well as invest and manage funds. Products include U.S. dollar and multi-currency clearing, ACH, lockbox, disbursement and reconciliation services, check deposits, and currency-related services.

Lending includes net interest income, fees, gains or losses on loan sale activity, gains or losses on securities received as part of a loan restructuring, and the risk management results related to the credit portfolio. Lending also includes Trade Finance, which includes loans tied directly to goods crossing borders, export/import loans, commercial letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and supply chain finance.

Fixed Income Markets primarily include revenue related to market-making across global fixed income markets, including foreign exchange, interest rate, credit and commodities markets.

Equity Markets primarily include revenue related to market-making across global equity products, including cash instruments, derivatives, convertibles and Prime Services.

Securities Services includes primarily custody, fund accounting and administration, and securities lending products sold principally to asset managers, insurance companies and public and private investment funds. Also includes clearance, collateral management and depositary receipts business which provides broker-dealer clearing and custody services, including tri-party repo transactions, collateral management products, and depositary bank services for American and global depositary receipt programs.

Description of certain business metrics:

Assets under custody (“AUC”) represents activities associated with the safekeeping and servicing of assets on which Securities Services earns fees.

Investment banking fees include advisory, equity underwriting, bond underwriting and loan syndication fees.

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COMMERCIAL BANKING (“CB”)

CB is divided into four primary client segments: Middle Market Banking, Corporate Client Banking, Commercial Term Lending, and Real Estate Banking.

Middle Market Banking covers corporate, municipal and nonprofit clients, with annual revenue generally ranging between $20 million and $500 million.

Corporate Client Banking covers clients with annual revenue generally ranging between $500 million and $2 billion and focuses on clients that have broader investment banking needs.

Commercial Term Lending primarily provides term financing to real estate investors/owners for multifamily properties as well as office, retail and industrial properties.

Real Estate Banking provides full-service banking to investors and developers of institutional-grade real estate investment properties.

Other primarily includes lending and investment-related activities within the Community Development Banking business.

CB product revenue comprises the following:

Lending includes a variety of financing alternatives, which are primarily provided on a secured basis; collateral includes receivables, inventory, equipment, real estate or other assets. Products include term loans, revolving lines of credit, bridge financing, asset-based structures, leases, and standby letters of credit.

Treasury services includes revenue from a broad range of products and services that enable CB clients to manage payments and receipts, as well as invest and manage funds.

Investment banking includes revenue from a range of products providing CB clients with sophisticated capital-raising alternatives, as well as balance sheet and risk management tools through advisory, equity underwriting, and loan syndications. Revenue from Fixed income and Equity market products used by CB clients is also included.

Other product revenue primarily includes tax-equivalent adjustments generated from Community Development Banking activity and certain income derived from principal transactions.

ASSET MANAGEMENT (“AM”)

Assets under management – Represent assets managed by AM on behalf of its Private Banking, Institutional and Retail clients. Includes “Committed capital not Called,” on which AM earns fees.

Client assets – Represent assets under management, as well as custody, brokerage, administration and deposit accounts.

Multi-asset – Any fund or account that allocates assets under management to more than one asset class.

Alternative assets – The following types of assets constitute alternative investments – hedge funds, currency, real estate, private equity and other investment funds designed to focus on nontraditional strategies.

AM’s lines of business consist of the following:

Global Investment Management provides comprehensive global investment services - including asset management, pension analytics, asset-liability management and active risk-budgeting strategies.

Global Wealth Management offers investment advice and wealth management, including investment management, capital markets and risk management, tax and estate planning, banking, lending and specialty-wealth advisory services.

AM’s client segments consist of the following:

Private Banking clients include high- and ultra-high-net-worth individuals, families, money managers, business owners and small corporations worldwide.

Institutional clients include both corporate and public institutions, endowments, foundations, nonprofit organizations and governments worldwide.

Retail clients include financial intermediaries and individual investors.

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J.P. Morgan Asset Management has two high-level measures of its overall fund performance:

Percentage of mutual fund assets under management in funds rated 4- or 5-star: Mutual fund rating services rank funds based on their risk-adjusted performance over various periods. A 5-star rating is the best rating and represents the top 10% of industry-wide ranked funds.

A 4-star rating represents the next 22.5% of industry-wide ranked funds. A 3-star rating represents the next 35% of industry-wide ranked funds. A 2-star rating represents the next 22.5% of industry-wide ranked funds. A 1-star rating is the worst rating and represents the bottom 10% of industry-wide ranked funds. The “overall Morningstar rating” is derived from a weighted average of the performance associated with a fund’s three-, five- and ten-year (if applicable) Morningstar Rating metrics. For U.S. domiciled funds, separate star ratings are given at the individual share class level. The Nomura “star rating” is based on three-year risk-adjusted performance only. Funds with fewer than three years of history are not rated and hence excluded from this analysis. All ratings, the assigned peer categories and the asset values used to derive this analysis are sourced from these fund rating providers. The data providers re-denominate the asset values into U.S. dollars. This % of AUM is based on star ratings at the share class level for U.S. domiciled funds, and at a “primary share class” level to represent the star rating of all other funds except for Japan where Nomura provides ratings at the fund level. The “primary share class”, as defined by Morningstar, denotes the share class recommended as being the best proxy for the portfolio and in most cases will be the most retail version (based upon annual management charge, minimum investment, currency and other factors). The performance data could have been different if all funds/accounts would have been included. Past performance is not indicative of future results.

Percentage of mutual fund assets under management in funds ranked in the 1st or 2nd quartile (one, three and five years): All quartile rankings, the assigned peer categories and the asset values used to derive this analysis are sourced from the fund ranking providers. Quartile rankings are done on the net-of-fee absolute return of each fund. The data providers re-denominate the asset values into U.S. dollars. This % of AUM is based on fund performance and associated peer rankings at the share class level for U.S. domiciled funds, at a “primary share class” level to represent the quartile ranking of the U.K., Luxembourg and Hong Kong funds and at the fund level for all other funds. The “primary share class”, as defined by Morningstar, denotes the share class recommended as being the best proxy for the portfolio and in most cases will be the most retail version (based upon annual management charge, minimum investment, currency and other factors). Where peer group rankings given for a fund are in more than one “primary share class” territory both rankings are included to reflect local market competitiveness (applies to “Offshore Territories” and “HK SFC Authorized” funds only). The performance data could have been different if all funds/accounts would have been included. Past performance is not indicative of future results.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

For a discussion of the quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk, see the Market Risk Management section of Management’s discussion and analysis on pages 58–61 of this Form 10-Q and pages 133–139 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Firm’s management, including its Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and its Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934). Based on that evaluation, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective. See Exhibits 31.1 and 31.2 for the Certification statements issued by the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.

The Firm is committed to maintaining high standards of internal control over financial reporting. Nevertheless, because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. In addition, in a firm as large and complex as JPMorgan Chase, lapses or deficiencies in internal controls do occur from time to time, and there can be no assurance that any such deficiencies will not result in significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in internal controls in the future. For further information, see “Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting” on page 174 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report. There was no change in the Firm’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2016, that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Firm’s internal control over financial reporting.

Part II – Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

For information that updates the disclosures set forth under Part I, Item 3: Legal Proceedings, in the Firm’s 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K, see the discussion of the Firm’s material legal proceedings in Note 23 of this Form 10-Q.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

For a discussion of certain risk factors affecting the Firm, see Part I, Item 1A: Risk Factors on pages 8–18 of JPMorgan Chase’s 2015 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Forward-Looking Statements on page 80 of this Form 10-Q.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

During the three months ended June 30, 2016, there were no shares of common stock of JPMorgan Chase & Co. issued in transactions exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, pursuant to Section 4(2) thereof.

Repurchases under the common equity repurchase program

Following receipt of the Federal Reserve’s non-objection to the Firm’s 2016 capital plan submitted under CCAR, the Firm’s Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $10.6 billion of common equity (common stock and warrants) between July 1, 2016 and June 30, 2017. This authorization includes shares repurchased to offset issuances under the Firm’s equity-based compensation plans.

The following table sets forth the Firm’s repurchases of common equity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015. There were no warrants repurchased during the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.



	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
(in millions)	2016		2015		2016		2015
Total shares of common stock repurchased	45.8		19.2		75.0		51.7
Aggregate common stock repurchases	$	2,840	$	1,249	$	4,536	$	3,149

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intangibles); internal capital generation; and alternative investment opportunities. The repurchase program does not include specific price targets or timetables; may be executed through open market purchases or privately negotiated transactions, or utilizing Rule 10b5-1 programs; and may be suspended at any time.

Shares repurchased pursuant to the common equity repurchase program during the six months ended June 30, 2016, were as follows.



Three months ended June 30, 2016	Total shares of common stock repurchased	Average price paid per share of common stock^(a)		Aggregate repurchases of common equity (in millions)^(a)		Dollar value of remaining authorized repurchase (in millions)^(a)
First quarter	29,153,888	$	58.17	$	1,696	$	2,898	^(b)
April	17,831,180	60.16		1,073		1,825
May	14,092,821	62.53		881		944
June	13,931,463	63.59		886		58
Second quarter	45,855,464	61.93		2,840		58
Year-to-date	75,009,352	$	60.47	$	4,536	$	58	^(c)


(a)	Excludes commissions cost.


(b)	Dollar value remaining under the repurchase program including the additional $1.9 billion authorized by the Board of Directors on March 17, 2016.


(c)	The $58 million unused portion under the prior Board authorization was canceled when the $10.6 billion program was authorized.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None.

Item 6. Exhibits.



Exhibit No.		Description of Exhibit

10.1		Terms and Conditions of Fixed Allowance (U.K.), as amended.^(a)(b)

15		Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Information.^(b)

31.1		Certification.^(b)

31.2		Certification.^(b)

32		Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.^(c)

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document.^(b)(d)
101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.^(b)
101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.^(b)
101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.^(b)
101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.^(b)
101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.^(b)


(a)	This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.


(b)	Filed herewith.


(c)	Furnished herewith. This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section. Such exhibit shall not be deemed incorporated into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

(d)

Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T, includes the following financial information included in the Firm’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2016, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) interactive data files: (i) the Consolidated statements of income (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, (ii) the Consolidated statements of comprehensive income (unaudited) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, (iii) the Consolidated balance sheets (unaudited) as of June 30, 2016, and December 31, 2015, (iv) the Consolidated statements of changes in stockholders’ equity (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, (v) the Consolidated statements of cash flows (unaudited) for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited).

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

JPMorgan Chase & Co.

(Registrant)



By:	/s/ Mark W. O’Donovan
	Mark W. O’Donovan
	Managing Director and Corporate Controller
	(Principal Accounting Officer)



Date:	August 3, 2016

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS



Exhibit No.		Description of Exhibit

10.1		Terms and Conditions of Fixed Allowance (U.K.), as amended.

15		Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Information.

31.1		Certification.

31.2		Certification.

32		Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.†

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

†		This exhibit shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or otherwise subject to the liability of that Section. Such exhibit shall not be deemed incorporated into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

180

Positive
Negative
Uncertain
Constraining
Legalese
Litigous
Readability	8th grade Avg

OTC and OTC-cleared derivative payables containing downgrade triggers

(in millions)

June 30,
2016

December 31, 2015

Aggregate fair value of net derivative payables

Collateral posted