UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-K
þ Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 | o Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 For the transition period from to |
Commission File Number 1-9210
Occidental Petroleum Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization | Delaware |
I.R.S. Employer Identification No. | 95-4035997 |
Address of principal executive offices | 10889 Wilshire Blvd., Los Angeles, CA |
Zip Code | 90024 |
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code | (310) 208-8800 |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
10 1/8% Senior Debentures due 2009 | New York Stock Exchange |
9 1/4% Senior Debentures due 2019 | New York Stock Exchange |
Common Stock | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. �� þ YES o NO Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. (Note: Checking the box will not relieve any registrant required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act from their obligations under those Sections). o YES þ NO Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. þ YES o NO Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ |
|
| Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer or a non-accelerated filer. (See definition of “accelerated filer” and “large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Large Accelerated Filer þ Accelerated Filer o Non-Accelerated Filer o Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). o YES þ NO The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the registrant was approximately $47.1 billion, computed by reference to the closing price on the New York Stock Exchange composite tape of $57.88 per share of Common Stock on June 30, 2007. Shares of Common Stock held by each executive officer and director have been excluded from this computation in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of potential affiliate status is not a conclusive determination for other purposes. |
At January 31, 2008, there were 822,567,021 shares of Common Stock outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement, filed in connection with its May 2, 2008, Annual Meeting of Stockholders, are incorporated by reference into Part III.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Part I
Items 1 and 2 | Business and Properties | 3 |
| General | 3 |
| Oil and Gas Operations | 3 |
| Chemical Operations | 4 |
| Capital Expenditures | 4 |
| Employees | 4 |
| Environmental Regulation | 4 |
| Available Information | 4 |
Item 1A | Risk Factors | 5 |
Item 1B | Unresolved Staff Comments | 6 |
Item 3 | Legal Proceedings | 6 |
Item 4 | Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders | 6 |
| Executive Officers | 6 |
Part II
Item 5 | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Purchases of Equity Securities | 7 |
Item 6 | Selected Financial Data | 9 |
Item 7 | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) |
|
| (Incorporating Item 7A) | 9 |
| Strategy | 9 |
| Oil and Gas Segment | 11 |
| Chemical Segment | 16 |
| Corporate and Other | 16 |
| Segment Results of Operations | 16 |
| Significant Items Affecting Earnings | 18 |
| Taxes | 19 |
| Consolidated Results of Operations | 19 |
| Consolidated Analysis of Financial Position | 20 |
| Liquidity and Capital Resources | 21 |
| Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements | 22 |
| Lawsuits, Claims, Commitments, Contingencies and Related Matters | 23 |
| Environmental Liabilities and Expenditures | 24 |
| Foreign Investments | 26 |
| Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates | 26 |
| Significant Accounting Changes | 28 |
| Derivative Activities and Market Risk | 29 |
| Safe Harbor Discussion Regarding Outlook and Other Forward-Looking Data | 31 |
Item 8 | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 32 |
| Management's Annual Assessment of and Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting | 32 |
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Consolidated Financial Statements | 33 |
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting | 34 |
| Consolidated Statements of Income | 35 |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets | 36 |
| Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity | 38 |
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income | 38 |
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 39 |
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 40 |
| Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) | 73 |
| Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited) | 75 |
| Financial Statement Schedule: |
|
| Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts | 83 |
Item 9 | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 84 |
Item 9A | Controls and Procedures | 84 |
| Disclosure Controls and Procedures | 84 |
Part III
Item 10 | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance | 84 |
Item 11 | Executive Compensation | 84 |
Item 12 | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management | 84 |
Item 13 | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence | 84 |
Item 14 | Principal Accountant Fees and Services | 84 |
Part IV
Item 15 | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules | 85 |
Part I
ITEMS 1 AND 2 BUSINESS AND PROPERTIES
In this report, “Occidental” refers to Occidental Petroleum Corporation, a Delaware corporation (OPC), and/or one or more entities in which it owns a majority voting interest (subsidiaries). Occidental conducts its operations through various oil and gas, chemical and other subsidiaries and affiliates. Occidental’s executive offices are located at 10889 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90024; telephone (310) 208-8800.
GENERAL
Occidental’s principal businesses consist of two industry segments operated by OPC's subsidiaries and affiliates. The subsidiaries and other affiliates in the oil and gas segment explore for, develop, produce and market crude oil, natural gas liquids (NGL) and natural gas. The subsidiaries and other affiliates in the chemical segment (OxyChem) manufacture and market basic chemicals, vinyls and performance chemicals. For financial information by segment and by geographic area, see Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements of Occidental (Consolidated Financial Statements).
For information regarding Occidental's current developments, see the information in the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” (MD&A) section of this report.
OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS
General
Occidental’s domestic oil and gas operations are located at the Permian Basin in west Texas and New Mexico, Elk Hills and other locations in California, the Hugoton field in Kansas and Oklahoma, Utah and western Colorado. International operations are located in Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Libya, Oman, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Yemen. For additional information regarding Occidental's oil and gas segment, see the information under the caption “Oil and Gas Segment” in the MD&A section of this report.
Proved Reserves, Production and Properties
The table below shows Occidental’s total oil and natural gas proved reserves and production in 2007, 2006 and 2005. See the MD&A section of this report, Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements and the information under the caption “Supplemental Oil and Gas Information” in Item 8 of this report for certain details regarding Occidental’s oil and gas proved reserves, the estimation process and production by country. On May 1, 2007, Occidental reported to the United States Department of Energy on Form EIA-28 proved oil and gas reserves at December 31, 2006. The amounts reported were the same as those reported in Occidental’s 2006 Annual Report.
Comparative Oil and Gas Proved Reserves and Production
Oil and NGLs in millions of barrels; natural gas in billions of cubic feet; BOE in millions of barrels of oil equivalent
|
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| ||||||||||||
RESERVES |
| Oil | (a) | Gas |
| BOE | (b) | Oil | (a) | Gas |
| BOE | (b) | Oil | (a) | Gas |
| BOE | (b) |
United States |
| 1,707 |
| 2,672 |
| 2,152 |
| 1,660 |
| 2,424 |
| 2,064 |
| 1,616 |
| 2,323 |
| 2,003 |
|
International |
| 519 |
| 1,171 |
| 714 |
| 553 |
| 1,300 |
| 769 |
| 346 |
| 1,051 |
| 521 |
|
Consolidated Subsidiaries (c) |
| 2,226 |
| 3,843 |
| 2,866 | (d) | 2,213 |
| 3,724 |
| 2,833 | (d) | 1,962 |
| 3,374 |
| 2,524 | (d) |
Other Interests (e) |
| (2 | ) | — |
| (2 | ) | 30 |
| — |
| 30 |
| 45 |
| — |
| 45 |
|
PRODUCTION |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
| 95 |
| 216 |
| 131 |
| 94 |
| 214 |
| 130 |
| 87 |
| 199 |
| 120 |
|
International |
| 70 |
| 45 |
| 78 |
| 66 |
| 23 |
| 70 |
| 48 |
| 16 |
| 51 |
|
Consolidated Subsidiaries (c) |
| 165 |
| 261 |
| 209 |
| 160 |
| 237 |
| 200 |
| 135 |
| 215 |
| 171 |
|
Other Interests (e) |
| (1 | ) | — |
| (1 | ) | 7 |
| 8 |
| 8 |
| 7 |
| 6 |
| 8 |
|
(a) | Includes natural gas liquids and condensate. |
(b) | Natural gas volumes have been converted to barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) based on energy content of six Mcf of gas to one barrel of oil. |
(c) | Occidental has classified its Pakistan, Horn Mountain and Ecuador operations as discontinued operations on a retrospective application basis and excluded them from this table. |
(d) | Stated on a net basis and after applicable royalties. Includes reserves related to production-sharing contracts (PSCs) and other economic arrangements. Proved reserves from PSCs in the Middle East/North Africa and from other economic arrangements in the United States were 449 million BOE (MMBOE) and 104 MMBOE in 2007, 486 MMBOE and 119 MMBOE in 2006 and 472 MMBOE and 104 MMBOE in 2005, respectively. |
(e) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombia subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of reserves and production from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental's share of reserves and production from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
3
Competition and Sales and Marketing
As a producer of crude oil and natural gas, Occidental competes with numerous other domestic and foreign private and government producers. Crude oil and natural gas are commodities that are sensitive to prevailing global and, in certain cases, local conditions of supply and demand and are sold at “spot” or contract prices or on futures markets to refiners and other market participants. Occidental competes by developing and producing its worldwide oil and gas reserves cost-effectively and acquiring rights to explore in areas with known oil and gas deposits. Occidental also competes by increasing production through enhanced oil recovery projects in mature and underdeveloped fields and making strategic acquisitions. Occidental focuses its operations in its core areas of the United States, the Middle East/North Africa and Latin America.
CHEMICAL OPERATIONS
General
OxyChem manufactures and markets basic chemicals, vinyls and performance chemicals. For additional information regarding Occidental’s chemical segment, see the information under the caption “Chemical Segment” in the MD&A section of this report.
Products and Properties
OxyChem owns and operates chemical manufacturing plants at 23 domestic sites in Alabama, Georgia, Illinois, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Texas and at 3 international sites in Brazil, Canada and Chile. OxyChem produces the following chemical products:
Principal Products | Major Uses | Annual Capacity (a) |
Basic Chemicals |
|
|
Chlorine | Chlorovinyl chain and water treatment | 4.0 million tons(b) |
Caustic Soda | Pulp, paper and aluminum production | 4.3 million tons(b) |
Chlorinated organics | Silicones, paint stripping, pharmaceuticals and refrigerants | 0.9 billion pounds |
Potassium chemicals | Glass, fertilizers, cleaning products and rubber | 0.3 million tons |
Ethylene dichloride (EDC) | Raw material for vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) | 2.4 billion pounds (b) |
Vinyls |
|
|
VCM | Precursor for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) | 6.2 billion pounds |
PVC | Piping, medical, building materials and automotive products | 4.3 billion pounds |
Performance Chemicals |
|
|
Chlorinated isocyanurates | Swimming pool sanitation and disinfecting products | 131 million pounds |
Resorcinol | Tire manufacture, wood adhesives and flame retardant synergist | 50 million pounds |
Sodium silicates | Soaps, detergents and paint pigments | 0.7 million tons |
(a) | Estimated at December 31, 2007. |
(b) | Includes gross capacity of a joint venture in Brazil, owned 50 percent by Occidental. |
CAPITAL EXPENDITURES
For information on capital expenditures, see the information under the heading “Capital Expenditures” in the MD&A section of this report.
EMPLOYEES
Occidental employed approximately 9,700 people at December 31, 2007, 6,600 of whom were located in the United States. Occidental employed approximately 5,200 people in oil and gas operations and 3,100 people in chemical operations. An additional 1,400 people were employed in administrative and headquarters functions. Approximately 800 United States-based employees and 150 foreign-based employees are represented by labor unions.
Occidental has a long-standing policy to provide fair and equal employment opportunities to all people without regard to race, color, religion, ethnicity, gender, national origin, disability, age, sexual orientation, veteran status or any other legally impermissible factor. Occidental maintains diversity and outreach programs.
ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION
For environmental regulation information, including associated costs, see the information under the heading “Environmental Liabilities and Expenditures” in the MD&A section of this report.
AVAILABLE INFORMATION
Occidental makes the following information available free of charge through its web site at www.oxy.com:
Ø | Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K and amendments to these forms as soon as reasonably practicable after they are filed electronically with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC); |
Ø | Other SEC filings, including Forms 3, 4 and 5; and |
Ø | Corporate governance information, including its corporate governance guidelines, board-committee charters and Code of Business Conduct. (See Part III Item 10 of this report for further information.) |
4
ITEM 1A RISK FACTORS
Volatile global commodity pricing strongly affects Occidental’s results of operations.
Occidental’s financial results typically correlate closely to the volatile prices it obtains for its commodities. Drilling and exploration activity levels, inventory levels, production disruptions, the actions of OPEC, competing fuel prices, prevailing currency exchange rates, price speculation, changes in consumption patterns, weather and geophysical and technical limitations and other matters discussed in this item affect the supply of oil and gas and contribute to price volatility.
Demand and, consequently, the price obtained for Occidental’s chemical products correlate strongly to the health of the United States and global economy, as well as chemical industry expansion cycles. Occidental also depends on feedstocks and energy to produce chemicals, which are commodities subject to significant price fluctuations.
Occidental’s oil and gas business operates in highly competitive environments, which affect, among other things, its profitability and its ability to grow production and replace reserves.
Occidental’s future oil and gas production and its results of operations depend, in part, on its ability to profitably acquire, develop or find additional reserves. Occidental replaces significant amounts of its reserves through acquisitions and large development projects. Occidental has many competitors, some of which are larger and better funded, may be willing to accept greater risks or have special competencies. Industry competition for reserves may influence Occidental to:
Ø | shift toward higher risk exploration activity; |
Ø | pay more for investment opportunities; |
Ø | purchase properties or take on projects of lesser quality; or |
Ø | delay expected reserve replacement efforts. |
In addition, rising exploration and development activity in the industry generally increases the competition for and costs of, and delays access to, services and supplies needed for production.
Governmental actions and political instability may affect Occidental’s results of operations.
Occidental’s businesses are subject to the decisions of many governments and political interests. As a result, Occidental faces risks of:
Ø | changes in laws and regulations, including those related to taxes, royalty rates, permitted production rates, import, export and use of products, environmental protection, climate change and energy security, all of which may increase costs or reduce the demand for Occidental's products; |
Ø | expropriation or reduction of entitlements to produce hydrocarbons; and |
Ø | refusal to extend or grant, or delay in the extension or grant of, exploration, production or development contracts. |
Occidental may experience adverse consequences, such as risk of loss or production limitations, because certain of its foreign operations are located in countries occasionally affected by political instability, armed conflict, terrorism, insurgency, civil unrest, security problems, restrictions on production equipment imports and sanctions that prevent continued operations. Exposure to such risks may increase as a greater percentage of Occidental’s future oil and gas production comes from foreign sources.
Occidental’s businesses may experience uninsured catastrophic events.
The occurrence of natural disasters, such as earthquakes, hurricanes and floods, and events such as well blowouts, oilfield fires, industrial accidents and other events that cause operations to cease may affect Occidental’s businesses. Third-party insurance may not provide adequate coverage or Occidental may be self-insured with respect to the related losses.
Occidental’s reserves are based on professional judgments and may be subject to revision.
Calculations of reserves depend on estimates concerning reservoir characteristics and recoverability, as well as oil and gas prices, capital costs and operating costs. If Occidental were required to make unanticipated significant negative reserve revisions, its prospects and stock price could be adversely affected.
Occidental may incur significant losses in exploration or cost overruns in development efforts.
Occidental may misinterpret geologic or engineering data, encounter unexpected geologic conditions or find reserves of disappointing quality or quantity, which may result in significant losses on exploration or development efforts. Occidental bears the risks of project delays and cost overruns due to escalating costs for materials and labor, equipment failures, approval delays, construction delays, border disputes and other associated risks.
Occidental faces risks associated with its mergers, acquisitions and divestitures.
Occidental’s merger, acquisition and divestiture activities carry risks that it may: not fully realize anticipated benefits due to delays; miscalculate reserves or production or experience changed circumstances; bear unexpected integration costs or experience other integration difficulties; experience share price declines based on the market’s evaluation of the activity; assume or retain liabilities that are greater than anticipated; or be unable to resell acquired assets as planned or at planned prices.
5
Information related to competition, foreign operations, litigation, environmental matters, derivatives and market risks, and oil and gas reserve estimation fluctuations appears under the headings: “Business and Properties — Oil & Gas Operations — Competition and Sales and Marketing,” “MD&A — Oil & Gas Segment — Business Review ,” and “— Industry Outlook” and “Chemical Segment — Business Review,” and “ — Industry Outlook,” “Lawsuits, Claims, Commitments, Contingencies and Related Matters,” “Environmental Liabilities and Expenditures,” “Foreign Investments” and “Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates,” and “Derivative Activities and Market Risk.”
ITEM 1B UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 3 LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Two OPC subsidiaries have entered into a settlement with the Office of the District Attorney (ODA) for Ventura County, California, acting on behalf of the California Department of Fish and Game (Department), to resolve alleged statutory violations arising from past releases of petroleum and production waters from operations in Ventura County acquired in early 2006. The settlement requires the subsidiaries to pay $150,000 in civil penalties, $98,640 for alleged damages to natural resources and $109,248 to reimburse costs incurred by the Department, and to install a leak detection system on certain oil and produced water transfer pipelines for an amount no less than $150,000. The settlement is expected to be entered as a Final Judgment and Permanent Injunction by a Ventura County Superior Court in the first quarter of 2008.
For additional information regarding legal proceedings, see the information in Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.
ITEM 4 SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of Occidental’s security holders during the fourth quarter of 2007.
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The current term of employment of each executive officer of Occidental will expire at the May 2, 2008 organizational meeting of the Board of Directors or when a successor is selected. The following table sets forth the executive officers and significant employees of Occidental:
Name |
| Age at February 22, 2008 |
| Positions with Occidental and Subsidiaries and Five-Year Employment History |
Dr. Ray R. Irani |
| 73 |
| Chairman and Chief Executive Officer since 1990; Director since 1984; Member of Executive Committee and Dividend Committee; 2005-2007, President. |
Stephen I. Chazen |
| 61 |
| President since 2007; Chief Financial Officer since 1999; 2005-2007, Senior Executive Vice President; 1994-2004, Executive Vice President — Corporate Development. |
Donald P. de Brier |
| 67 |
| Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since 1993. |
Richard W. Hallock |
| 63 |
| Executive Vice President — Human Resources since 1994. |
James M. Lienert |
| 55 |
| Executive Vice President — Finance and Planning since 2006; 2004-2006, Vice President; Occidental Chemical Corporation: 2004-2006, President; 2000-2002, Senior Vice President — Basic Chemicals; OxyVinyls: 2002-2004, Senior Vice President. |
John W. Morgan |
| 54 |
| Executive Vice President since 2001; 1998-2001, Executive Vice President — Operations; Occidental Oil and Gas Corporation (OOGC): President — Western Hemisphere since 2005; 2004, President; 2001-2004, Executive Vice President — Worldwide Production. |
R. Casey Olson |
| 54 |
| Executive Vice President since 2005; 2001-2005, Vice President; OOGC: President — Eastern Hemisphere since 2005; Occidental Development Company: 2004, President; Occidental Middle East Development Company: 2001-2003, President. |
James R. Havert |
| 66 |
| Vice President and Treasurer since 1998. |
Jim A. Leonard |
| 58 |
| Vice President and Controller since 2005; 2000-2005, Senior Assistant Controller; OOGC: 2000-2005, Senior Vice President — Finance. |
B. Chuck Anderson |
| 48 |
| Occidental Chemical Corporation: President since 2006; 2004-2006, Executive Vice President — Chlorovinyls; 2002-2004, Senior Vice President — Basic Chemicals; 2000-2002, President — OxyVinyls. |
6
Part II
ITEM 5 | MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
TRADING PRICE RANGE AND DIVIDENDS
This section incorporates by reference the quarterly financial data appearing under the caption “Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited)” after the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements and the information appearing under the caption “Liquidity and Capital Resources” in the MD&A section of this report. Occidental’s common stock was held by 40,214 stockholders of record at December 31, 2007, and by at least 345,000 additional stockholders whose shares were held for them in street name or nominee accounts. The common stock is listed and traded principally on the New York Stock Exchange. The quarterly financial data, which are included in this report after the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, set forth the range of trading prices for the common stock as reported on the composite tape of the New York Stock Exchange and quarterly dividend information.
In May 2006, Occidental amended its Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock to 1.1 billion. The par value per share remained unchanged.
On August 1, 2006, Occidental effected a two-for-one stock split in the form of a stock dividend to stockholders of record as of that date with distribution of the shares on August 15, 2006. The total number of authorized shares of common stock authorized for issuance and associated par value per share were unchanged by this action. All share and per-share amounts have been adjusted to reflect this stock split.
In 2007, the quarterly dividends declared for the common stock were $0.22 per share for the first two quarters of 2007 and $0.25 for the last two quarters of 2007 ($0.94 for the year). On February 14, 2008, a quarterly dividend of $0.25 per share ($1.00 on an annualized basis) was declared on the common stock, payable on April 15, 2008 to stockholders of record on March 10, 2008. The declaration of future cash dividends is a business decision made by the Board of Directors from time to time, and will depend on Occidental’s financial condition and other factors deemed relevant by the Board.
SECURITIES AUTHORIZED FOR ISSUANCE UNDER EQUITY COMPENSATION PLANS
All of Occidental's equity compensation plans for its employees and non-employee directors, pursuant to which options, rights or warrants or other equity awards may be granted, have been approved by the stockholders. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the material terms of these plans.
The following is a summary of the shares reserved for issuance as of December 31, 2007, pursuant to outstanding options, rights or warrants or other equity awards granted under Occidental’s equity compensation plans:
(a) | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights |
| (b) | Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights |
| (c) | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities in column (a)) |
9,940,164 |
| $35.83 |
| 59,464,546 * |
* Includes, with respect to: | |
• | the 1995 Incentive Stock Plan, 5,602 shares reserved for issuance pursuant to deferred stock units awards; |
• | the 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan, 1,235,966 shares at maximum payout level (617,983 at target level) reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding performance stock awards, 178,000 shares reserved for issuance pursuant to restricted stock unit awards, 577,916 shares reserved for issuance pursuant to deferred stock unit awards and 767 shares reserved for issuance as dividend equivalents on deferred stock unit awards; and |
• | the 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan, 709,734 shares at maximum payout level (354,867 at target level) reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding performance stock awards, 1,341,797 shares reserved for issuance pursuant to restricted stock unit awards, 1,516,000 shares at maximum payout level (758,000 at target level) reserved for issuance pursuant to outstanding performance-based restricted share units, 784,308 shares at maximum payout level (522,872 at target level) reserved for issuance pursuant to total shareholder return incentive awards and 367,732 shares reserved for issuance pursuant to deferred stock unit awards. |
Of the 52,746,724 shares that are not reserved for issuance under the 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan, approximately 43.3 million shares are available after giving effect to the provision of the plan that each award, other than options and stock appreciation rights, must be counted against the number of shares available for issuance as three shares for every one share covered by award. Subject to the share count requirement, not more than the approximate 43.3 million shares may be issued or reserved for issuance for options, rights and warrants as well as performance stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance restricted stock unit awards, total shareholder return incentive awards, stock bonuses and dividend equivalents. |
7
SHARE REPURCHASE ACTIVITIES
Occidental’s share repurchase activities for the year ended December 31, 2007, were as follows:
Period |
| Total Number of Shares Purchased |
| Average Price Paid per Share |
| Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |
| Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | ||||
First Quarter 2007 |
| 6,991,271 |
|
| $45.89 |
|
| 6,989,956 |
|
|
|
|
Second Quarter 2007 |
| 4,188,481 |
|
| $56.42 |
|
| 3,716,500 |
|
|
|
|
Third Quarter 2007 |
| 6,236,667 |
|
| $56.63 |
|
| 5,876,500 |
|
|
|
|
October 1 - 31, 2007 |
| 758,183 | (a,b) |
| $66.22 |
|
| 437,500 |
|
|
|
|
November 1 - 30, 2007 |
| 2,012,800 |
|
| $68.43 |
|
| 2,012,800 |
|
|
|
|
December 1 - 31, 2007 |
| 443,175 | (a) |
| $70.69 |
|
| 300,000 |
|
|
|
|
Fourth Quarter 2007 |
| 3,214,158 |
|
| $68.22 |
|
| 2,750,300 |
|
|
|
|
Total 2007 |
| 20,630,577 |
|
| $54.75 |
|
| 19,333,256 |
|
| 6,342,944 | (c,d) |
(a) | Occidental purchased from the trustee of Occidental's defined contribution savings plan 320,492 shares in October and 143,175 shares in December. |
(b) | Amount includes employee stock-for-stock exercises of 191 shares in October 2007. |
(c) | Occidental has authorized a buy back of 55 million shares for its share repurchase program. |
(d) | In February 2008, Occidental increased the number of shares authorized for its previously announced share repurchase program from 55 to 75 million. |
PERFORMANCE GRAPH
The following graph compares the yearly percentage change in Occidental’s cumulative total return on its common stock with the cumulative total return of the Standard & Poor's 500 Stock Index and with that of Occidental’s peer group over the five-year period ended on December 31, 2007. The graph assumes that $100 was invested in Occidental common stock, in the stock of the companies in the Standard & Poor's 500 Index and in a portfolio of the peer group companies weighted by their relative market values each year and that all dividends were reinvested.
In 2007, Occidental revised its peer group by including two international-based oil and gas companies to reflect the peer companies that Occidental competes against for major global projects and removing Hess Corporation, which is primarily a domestic company with significant refining operations. The revised peer group consists of Anadarko Petroleum Corporation, Apache Corporation, BP p.l.c. (BP), Chevron Corporation, ConocoPhillips, Devon Energy Corporation, ExxonMobil Corporation, Royal Dutch Shell plc and Occidental. Analysis for the revised peer group includes five years of historical performance data as noted above for the common stock of each of the companies. The prior peer group used in the analysis last year consisted of Anadarko Petroleum Corporation, Apache Corporation, Chevron Corporation, ConocoPhillips, Devon Energy Corporation, ExxonMobil Corporation, Hess Corporation and Occidental.
12/31/02 |
| 12/31/03 |
| 12/31/04 |
| 12/31/05 |
| 12/31/06 |
| 12/31/07 | |
$100 |
| $153 |
| $216 |
| $301 |
| $374 |
| $599 | |
100 |
| 126 |
| 163 |
| 194 |
| 255 |
| 333 | |
100 |
| 125 |
| 156 |
| 182 |
| 226 |
| 283 | |
100 |
| 129 |
| 143 |
| 150 |
| 173 |
| 183 | |
The information provided in this Performance Graph shall not be deemed "soliciting material" or "filed" with the Securities and Exchange Commission or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act), other than as provided in Item 201 to Regulation S-K under the Exchange Act, or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act except to the extent Occidental specifically requests that it be treated as soliciting material or specifically incorporates it by reference. |
8
ITEM 6 SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
Five-Year Summary of Selected Financial Data
Dollar amounts in millions, except per-share amounts
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| 2004 |
| 2003 |
| |||||
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
| $ | 18,784 |
| $ | 17,175 |
| $ | 14,153 |
| $ | 10,400 |
| $ | 8,598 |
|
Income from continuing operations |
| $ | 5,078 |
| $ | 4,202 |
| $ | 4,838 |
| $ | 2,197 |
| $ | 1,410 |
|
Net income |
| $ | 5,400 |
| $ | 4,191 |
| $ | 5,293 |
| $ | 2,574 |
| $ | 1,537 |
|
Basic earnings per common share from continuing operations |
| $ | 6.08 |
| $ | 4.93 |
| $ | 6.00 |
| $ | 2.78 |
| $ | 1.84 |
|
Basic earnings per common share |
| $ | 6.47 |
| $ | 4.92 |
| $ | 6.56 |
| $ | 3.25 |
| $ | 2.00 |
|
Diluted earnings per common share |
| $ | 6.44 |
| $ | 4.87 |
| $ | 6.47 |
| $ | 3.21 |
| $ | 1.98 |
|
FINANCIAL POSITION (a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
| $ | 36,519 |
| $ | 32,431 |
| $ | 26,170 |
| $ | 21,440 |
| $ | 18,210 |
|
Long-term debt, net and trust preferred securities (b) |
| $ | 1,741 |
| $ | 2,619 |
| $ | 2,873 |
| $ | 3,345 |
| $ | 4,446 |
|
Stockholders’ equity |
| $ | 22,823 |
| $ | 19,252 |
| $ | 15,091 |
| $ | 10,597 |
| $ | 7,970 |
|
MARKET CAPITALIZATION (c) |
| $ | 63,573 |
| $ | 41,013 |
| $ | 32,121 |
| $ | 23,153 |
| $ | 16,349 |
|
CASH FLOW |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash provided by operating activities |
| $ | 6,798 |
| $ | 6,353 |
| $ | 5,337 |
| $ | 3,878 |
| $ | 3,074 |
|
Capital expenditures |
| $ | (3,497 | ) | $ | (2,987 | ) | $ | (2,295 | ) | $ | (1,703 | ) | $ | (1,481 | ) |
Cash provided (used) by all other investing activities, net |
| $ | 369 |
| $ | (1,396 | ) | $ | (866 | ) | $ | (725 | ) | $ | (650 | ) |
DIVIDENDS PER COMMON SHARE |
| $ | 0.94 |
| $ | 0.80 |
| $ | 0.645 |
| $ | 0.55 |
| $ | 0.52 |
|
BASIC SHARES OUTSTANDING (thousands) |
|
| 834,932 |
|
| 852,550 |
|
| 806,600 |
|
| 791,159 |
|
| 767,887 |
|
(a) | See the MD&A section of this report and the "Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements" for information regarding accounting changes, asset acquisitions and dispositions, discontinued operations, environmental remediation, other costs and other items affecting comparability. |
(b) | On January 20, 2004, Occidental redeemed the trust preferred securities. |
(c) | Market capitalization is calculated by multiplying the year-end total shares of common stock outstanding, net of shares held in treasury stock, by the year-end closing stock price. |
ITEM 7
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A) (Incorporating Item 7A)
STRATEGY
General
In this report, "Occidental" refers to Occidental Petroleum Corporation, a Delaware corporation (OPC), and/or one or more entities in which it owns a majority voting interest (subsidiaries). Occidental’s business is divided into two segments conducted through oil and gas subsidiaries and their affiliates and chemical subsidiaries and their affiliates. Occidental aims to generate superior total returns to stockholders using the following strategy:
Ø | Focus on large, long-lived oil and gas assets with long-term growth potential; |
Ø | Maintain financial discipline and a strong balance sheet; and |
Ø | Manage the chemical segment to provide cash in excess of normal capital expenditures. |
Occidental prefers to own large, long-lived "legacy" oil and gas assets, like those in California and the Permian Basin, that tend to have moderate decline rates, enhanced secondary and tertiary recovery opportunities and economies of scale that lead to cost-effective production. Management expects such assets to contribute substantially to earnings and cash flow after invested capital.
At Occidental, maintaining financial discipline means investing capital in projects that management expects will generate above-cost-of-capital returns throughout the business cycle. During periods of high commodity prices, Occidental expects to use most of its cash flow after capital expenditures to enhance stockholders' returns by continuing its program for evaluating dividend increases and potential stock repurchases.
9
The chemical business is not managed with a growth strategy. Capital is expended to operate the chemical business in a safe and environmentally sound way, to sustain production capacity and to focus on projects designed to improve the competitiveness of these assets. Asset acquisitions may be pursued when they are expected to enhance the existing core chlor-alkali and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) businesses. Historically, the chemical segment has generated cash flow exceeding its normal capital expenditure requirements.
Oil and Gas
Segment Income
($ millions)
The oil and gas business seeks to add new oil and natural gas reserves at a pace ahead of production while keeping costs incurred for finding and development among the lowest in the industry. The oil and gas business implements this strategy within the limits of the overall corporate strategy primarily by:
Ø | Continuing to add commercial reserves through a combination of focused exploration and development programs conducted in and around Occidental’s core areas, which are the United States, the Middle East/North Africa and Latin America; |
Ø | Pursuing commercial opportunities in core areas to enhance the development of mature fields with large volumes of remaining oil by applying appropriate technology and advanced reservoir-management practices; and |
Ø | Maintaining a disciplined approach in buying and selling assets at attractive prices. |
Over the past several years, Occidental has strengthened its asset base within each of the core areas. Occidental has invested in, and disposed of, assets with the goal of raising the average performance and potential of its assets. See "Oil and Gas Segment — Business Review" for a discussion of these changes.
In addition, Occidental has continued to make capital contributions and investments in the Dolphin Project in Qatar and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), the Mukhaizna project in Oman, and Libya for continued growth opportunities.
Occidental’s overall performance during the past several years reflects the successful implementation of its strategy to enhance the development of mature fields, beginning with the acquisition of the Elk Hills oil and gas field in California in 1998, followed by a series of purchases in the Permian Basin in west Texas and New Mexico and the integration of Vintage Petroleum, Inc. (Vintage) and Plains Exploration and Production Company (Plains) operations acquired in 2006.
At the end of 2007, the Elk Hills and Permian assets made up 66 percent of Occidental’s consolidated proven oil reserves and 44 percent of its consolidated proven gas reserves. On a barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) basis, these assets accounted for 61 percent of Occidental’s consolidated reserves. In 2007, the combined production from these assets averaged approximately 286,000 barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) per day.
Chemical
Segment Income
($ millions)
OxyChem’s strategy is to be a low-cost producer in order to maximize its cash flow generation. OxyChem concentrates on the chlorovinyls chain beginning with chlorine, which is coproduced with caustic soda, after which chlorine and ethylene are converted through a series of intermediate products into PVC. OxyChem's focus on chlorovinyls permits it to take advantage of economies of scale.
Key Performance Indicators
General
Occidental seeks to ensure that it meets its strategic goals by continuously measuring its success in maintaining below average debt levels and top quartile performance compared to its peers in:
Ø | Total return to stockholders; |
Ø | Return on equity; |
Ø | Return on capital employed; and |
Ø | Other segment-specific measurements such as profit per unit produced, cost to produce each unit, cash flow per unit, cost to find and develop new reserves, reserves replacement percentage and other similar measures. |
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Debt Structure
Occidental’s year-end 2007 total debt-to-capitalization ratio declined to 7 percent from 36 percent at the end of 2003. During that time, Occidental has reduced its debt over 60 percent while increasing its stockholders' equity by 186 percent.
Since the second quarter of 2005, Occidental’s long-term senior unsecured debt has been rated A- by Standard and Poor’s Corporation, A3 by Moody’s Investors Service (Moody's), and A(Low) by Dominion Bond Rating Service. In July 2007, Fitch Ratings upgraded Occidental's long-term senior unsecured debt rating from A- to A. In December 2007, Moody's and Standard and Poor's raised their outlook on Occidental's credit ratings from stable to positive. A security rating is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold securities, may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning rating organization and should be evaluated independently of any other rating.
Return on Equity
Annual 2007 (a) |
| Three-Year Average 2005 - 2007 (b) |
26% |
| 29% |
(a) | The Return on Equity for 2007 was calculated by dividing Occidental's 2007 net income by the average equity balance in 2007. |
(b) | The three-year average Return on Equity was calculated by dividing the average net income over the three-year period 2005-2007 by the average equity balance over the same period. |
Occidental has focused on achieving top quartile return on equity. In 2007, Occidental's return on equity was 26 percent and the three-year average return on equity was 29 percent. During the same three-year period, Occidental increased its stockholders’ equity by 115 percent and its annual dividend by 82 percent while its stock price increased by 164 percent.
OIL AND GAS SEGMENT
Business Environment
Oil and gas prices are the major variables that drive the industry’s short and intermediate term financial performance. Average yearly oil prices strengthened in 2007 over 2006 levels and ended the year higher than 2006 year-end levels. During 2007, Occidental experienced an improvement in its price differential between the average West Texas Intermediate (WTI) price and Occidental's realized prices. Occidental’s realized price as a percentage of WTI was approximately 90 percent and 87 percent for 2007 and 2006, respectively. Prices and differentials can vary significantly, even on a short-term basis, making it difficult to forecast realized prices. The average WTI market price for 2007 was $72.32 per barrel compared with $66.23 per barrel in 2006. Occidental's average realized price for oil in 2007 was $64.77 per barrel, compared with $57.81 per barrel in 2006.
The average New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX) domestic natural gas prices decreased approximately 9 percent from 2006. For 2007, NYMEX gas prices averaged $7.12/Mcf compared with $7.82/Mcf for 2006.
Business Review
All production and reserves figures are net to Occidental unless otherwise specified.
Worldwide Production
(thousands BOE/day)
Acquisitions and Dispositions
In June 2007, Occidental completed a fair value exchange in which BP p.l.c. (BP) acquired Occidental's oil and gas interests in Horn Mountain and received cash. Occidental acquired oil and gas interests in the Permian Basin and a gas processing plant in Texas from BP. Occidental also sold its oil and gas interests in Pakistan to BP. As a result of these transactions, both the Horn Mountain and Pakistan operations were classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented. The twelve months of 2007 include after-tax gains of $230 million related to these transactions.
In January 2007, Occidental sold its 50-percent joint venture interest in Russia for an after-tax gain of approximately $412 million.
Permian Basin
The Permian Basin extends throughout southwest Texas and southeast New Mexico and is one of the largest and most active oil basins in the United States, with the entire basin accounting for approximately 19 percent of the total United States oil production. Occidental is the largest producer in the Permian Basin with an approximate 16-percent net share of the total Permian Basin oil production. Occidental also produces and processes natural gas and natural gas liquids (NGL) in the Permian Basin.
A significant portion of Occidental's Permian Basin interests were obtained through the acquisition of Altura Energy Ltd. in 2000. Additional acquisitions of oil and gas producing property interests were subsequently made. Occidental's total share of Permian Basin oil, gas and NGL production averaged approximately 198,000 BOE per day in 2007. At the end of 2007, Occidental's Permian Basin properties had 1.2 billion BOE in proved reserves.
Occidental's Permian Basin production is diversified across a large number of producing areas. In 2007, Wasson San Andres was Occidental's largest Permian producing field with an average of approximately 38,000 BOE per day of production and with 311 million BOE of proved reserves at year-end. This field represents 19 percent of Occidental's 2007 daily Permian Basin production and 26 percent of its year-end Permian Basin proved reserves.
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Occidental’s interests in the Permian Basin offer additional development and exploitation potential. During 2007, Occidental drilled approximately 225 wells on its operated properties and participated in additional wells drilled on outside-operated interests. Occidental conducted significant development activity on nine carbon dioxide (CO2) projects during 2007, including implementation of new floods and expansion of existing CO2 floods. Occidental also focused on improving the performance of existing wells. Occidental had an average of 127 well service units working in the Permian area during 2007 performing well maintenance and workovers.
Approximately 60 percent of Occidental’s Permian Basin oil production is from fields that actively employ the application of CO2 flood technology, an enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique. This involves injecting CO2 into oil reservoirs where it acts as a solvent, causing the oil to flow more freely into producing wells. These CO2 flood operations make Occidental a world leader in the application of this technology.
California
Elk Hills
Occidental's interest at Elk Hills includes the Elk Hills oil and gas field in the southern portion of California’s San Joaquin Valley, which it operates with an approximately 78-percent interest, and other non-unit properties. The Elk Hills field is the largest producer of gas in California. Oil and gas production in 2007 from the Elk Hills properties was approximately 88,000 BOE per day. During 2007, Occidental continued to perform infill drilling, field extensions and recompletions identified by advanced reservoir characterization techniques, resulting in 246 new wells being drilled and 507 wells being worked over. At the end of 2007, the Elk Hills properties had an estimated 519 million BOE of proved reserves.
Vintage Production California
In 2006, Occidental combined its California properties acquired from Vintage and Plains with existing California properties (excluding the Elk Hills, THUMS and Tidelands Oil Production Company (Tidelands) properties). The combined properties produce oil and gas from more than 50 fields, located mainly in the Ventura, San Joaquin and Sacramento basins.
Oil and gas production from Vintage Production California in 2007 averaged approximately 22,000 BOE per day. At the end of 2007, the combined properties had an estimated 138 million BOE of proved reserves.
THUMS and Tidelands
Occidental owns THUMS, which conducts the field operations for an oil production unit offshore Long Beach, California. Occidental acquired Tidelands in 2006. Tidelands is the contract operator for an onshore oil production unit in Long Beach, California. Occidental's share of production and reserves from both properties is subject to contractual arrangements similar to a production sharing contract (PSC), whereby Occidental’s share of production and reserves vary inversely with oil prices. These contracts do not transfer any right of ownership to Occidental and reserves reported from these arrangements are based on Occidental’s economic interest as defined in the contracts.
For 2007, Occidental's production from THUMS averaged 20,000 BOE per day and proved reserves totaled 97 million BOE at year-end.
Hugoton and Other
Occidental owns a large concentration of gas reserves, production interests and royalty interests in the Hugoton area of Kansas and Oklahoma.
Occidental also has over 29,000 net acres in the Piceance Basin in western Colorado. During 2007, Occidental drilled 56 wells in the basin.
In 2007, Occidental’s Hugoton and other operations produced approximately 30,000 BOE per day. At December 31, 2007, proved reserves totaled 154 million BOE from Hugoton and other operations.
Middle East/North Africa
Dolphin Project
Occidental's investment in the Dolphin Project, which was acquired in 2002, consists of two separate economic interests held through two separate legal entities. One entity, OXY Dolphin E&P, LLC, owns a 24.5-percent undivided interest in the assets and liabilities associated with a Development and Production Sharing Agreement (DPSA) with the Government of Qatar to develop and produce natural gas and NGLs in Qatar’s North Field for 25 years from the start of production, with a provision to request a 5-year extension. This undivided interest is proportionately consolidated in Occidental's financial statements.
A second entity, OXY Dolphin Pipeline, LLC, owns 24.5 percent of the stock of Dolphin Energy Limited (Dolphin Energy), and is recorded as an equity investment.
Dolphin Energy is the operator under the DPSA on behalf of the three DPSA participants, including Occidental. Dolphin Energy owns and operates a 230-mile-long, 48-inch natural gas pipeline, which transports dry natural gas from Qatar to the UAE. The transportation of gas through the pipeline started in the first quarter of 2007 using third-party natural gas and production under the DPSA began in July 2007 from Qatar’s North Field replacing the third-party natural gas. These contracts do not transfer any right of ownership to Occidental and reserves reported from these arrangements are based on Occidental’s economic interest as defined in the contracts. Occidental’s share of production was approximately 36,000 BOE per day in the fourth quarter of 2007 with production expected to increase to approximately 55,000 BOE per day in 2008. At December 31, 2007, Occidental’s share of proved oil and gas reserves from the Dolphin Project was 234 million BOE.
The Dolphin Project is expected to cost approximately $5.7 billion in total, including investments in the local UAE eastern gas distribution system, the Al Ain-Fujairah and Taweelah-Fujairah pipelines, which were added to improve the natural gas distribution
12
system but were not contained in the original scope of the Dolphin Project. Occidental expects to invest approximately $1.4 billion of this total, with $1.1 billion invested as of December 31, 2007.
At the end of 2007, all offshore facilities within the original scope of the project have been completed along with construction of three of the four trains in the onshore gas processing and compression plant at Ras Laffan. The fourth train is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2008.
The pipeline has a capacity to transport up to 3.2 billion cubic feet (Bcf) of natural gas per day. Demand for natural gas in the UAE and Oman continues to grow and Dolphin Energy’s customers have requested additional gas supplies. To help fulfill this growing demand, Dolphin Energy will continue to pursue an agreement to secure an additional supply of gas from Qatar.
Qatar
In addition to the Dolphin Project, Occidental participates in two production projects in Qatar: Idd El Shargi North Dome (ISND) and Idd El Shargi South Dome (ISSD). In 2007, Occidental continued development of the ISND and ISSD fields to recover additional reserves through advanced drilling techniques and waterflood expansion. Capital expenditures in Qatar for the ISND and ISSD projects were $237 million in 2007.
In October 2007, Occidental acquired Anadarko Petroleum Corporation’s 92.5-percent interest in an exploration and production sharing agreement covering Blocks 12 and 13 located offshore Qatar. Block 13 is an exploration block.
These projects do not transfer any right of ownership to Occidental and reserves reported from these arrangements are based on Occidental’s economic interest as defined in the contracts. Occidental’s production from Block 12, ISND and ISSD averaged 48,000 BOE in 2007. Proved reserves reported for these properties totaled 128 million BOE at December 31, 2007.
Yemen
Occidental owns contractual interests in three producing blocks in Yemen, including a 38-percent direct-working interest in the Masila field, a 40.4-percent interest in the East Shabwa field, comprising a 28.6-percent direct-working interest and an 11.8-percent equity interest in an unconsolidated entity, and a 75-percent interest in Block S-1, which was part of the Vintage acquisition. In addition, Occidental owns an 80-percent working interest in Block 20 and is currently awaiting final approval from the Yemen government for a 75-percent working interest in Block 75.
These contracts do not transfer any right of ownership to Occidental and reserves reported from these arrangements are based on Occidental’s economic interest as defined in the contracts.
At December 31, 2007, production from the Yemen properties was 27,000 BOE per day and proved reserves totaled 24 million BOE.
Oman
In Oman, Occidental is the operator of Block 9 and Block 27, with a 65-percent working interest in each, Block 53, with a 45-percent working interest, and Block 54, with a 70-percent working interest. Occidental’s share of production from Blocks 9, 27 and 53 averaged 25,000 BOE per day in 2007.
The Block 9 agreement provides for two 10-year extensions and Occidental and its partner agreed with the Government of Oman to the first 10-year extension through December 7, 2015.
Occidental and its partners signed a 30-year PSC for the Mukhaizna field (Block 53) with the Government of Oman in 2005. In September 2005, Occidental assumed operations of the Mukhaizna field. The Mukhaizna field, located in Oman’s south central interior, was discovered in 1975 and was brought into production in 2000. By the end of 2007, Occidental had drilled over 175 new wells and continued implementation of a major pattern steam flood project. As of year-end 2007, the exit rate of gross daily production had nearly tripled from the production rate of September 2005. Occidental plans to steadily increase production through continued expansion of the steam flood project.
The exploitation term for Block 27 is 30 years beginning in September 2005. Occidental and its partners began production in June 2006.
Occidental and its partners signed a new PSC for Block 54 with the Government of Oman in June 2006 with an initial exploration phase of four years.
These contracts do not transfer any right of ownership to Occidental and reserves reported from these arrangements are based on Occidental’s economic interest as defined in the contracts.
Occidental’s proved reserves for all the Oman properties totaled 65 million BOE at December 31, 2007.
Libya
In 2005, Occidental signed an agreement with the Libya National Oil Corporation (NOC) which allowed it to re-enter the country and participate in exploration and production operations in the Sirte Basin, which it left in 1986 pursuant to United States law. This re-entry agreement allowed Occidental to return to its Libyan operations on generally the same terms in effect when activities were suspended. Occidental’s rights in the producing fields extend through 2009 and early 2010. These contracts do not transfer any right of ownership to Occidental and reserves reported from these arrangements are based on Occidental’s economic interest as defined in the contracts. Production during 2007 averaged 22,000 BOE per day. At year-end 2007, proved reserves reported for Occidental’s Libya assets totaled 16 million BOE.
In November 2007, Occidental announced that it had reached an agreement with NOC on new 30-year contracts for major field redevelopment and exploration in the Sirte Basin. The new contracts are subject to approval of the Libyan government. Total expected capital investment is estimated to be $5 billion over the next five years, of which Occidental's portion will be approximately $1.9 billion. Under the new
13
contracts, Occidental (which has a 75-percent working interest) and its partner would pay a signature bonus of $1 billion, of which Occidental's share is $750 million and which is payable over a three-year period. Occidental and its partner would also contribute 50 percent of the development capital to the project and receive approximately 10 to 12 percent of the gross production, depending on the specific field.
Latin America
Argentina
Substantially all of Occidental’s Argentina assets were obtained as part of the acquisition of Vintage in 2006. The assets consist of 23 concessions located in the San Jorge Basin in southern Argentina and the Cuyo Basin and Neuquén Basin in western Argentina. Occidental operates 20 of the concessions with a 100-percent working interest.
During 2007, Occidental drilled 153 new wells and performed a number of recompletions and well repairs. Occidental expects to increase production significantly over the next four years through aggressive drilling, waterflooding and EOR projects. In 2008, Occidental plans to drill 220 wells, complete the eight waterflood projects initiated in 2007 and implement a number of new waterflood projects.
Occidental’s share of production from Argentina averaged 36,000 BOE per day in 2007. Proved reserves from these assets totaled 177 million BOE at December 31, 2007.
Bolivia
In 2006, Occidental’s operating subsidiary acquired working interests in four blocks located in the Tarija, Chuquisaca and Santa Cruz regions of Bolivia as part of the Vintage acquisition. At the end of 2006, Occidental signed two new operation contracts with commercial terms that provide Bolivia with greater operational control and control over the commercialization of hydrocarbons. These contracts went into effect in May 2007.
Colombia
Occidental is the operator under four contracts within the Llanos Norte Basin: the Cravo Norte, Rondón, Cosecha, and Chipirón Association Contracts. Occidental’s working interests under the four contracts are 42 percent, 44 percent, 53 percent and 61 percent, respectively. Colombia's national oil company, Ecopetrol, operates the Caño Limón-Coveñas oil pipeline and marine-export terminal. The pipeline transports oil produced from the Llanos Norte Basin for export to international markets.
In the Middle-Magdalena Basin, Occidental signed an agreement with Ecopetrol in 2005 for an EOR project in the La Cira-Infantas (LCI) field, in which Occidental holds a 48-percent working interest. In December 2006, Occidental entered into the commercial phase of the project. Production from the field is transported by Ecopetrol through its pipeline and sold to Ecopetrol refineries.
Additionally, Occidental holds various working interests in five exploration blocks.
Occidental's share of 2007 production from its Colombia operations was 37,000 BOE per day and proved reserves reported for these interests totaled 57 million BOE at the end of 2007.
Production-Sharing Contracts
Occidental conducts its operations in Qatar, Oman and Yemen under PSCs and, under such contracts, receives a share of production and reserves to recover its costs and an additional share for profit. In addition, Occidental's share of production and reserves from THUMS and Tidelands are subject to contractual arrangements similar to a PSC. These contracts do not transfer any right of ownership to Occidental and reserves reported from these arrangements are based on Occidental’s economic interest as defined in the contracts. Occidental’s share of production and reserves from these contracts decreases when oil prices rise and increases when oil prices decline. Overall, Occidental’s net economic benefit from these contracts is greater at higher oil prices.
Proved Reserves
Proved Reserves - Evaluation and Review Process
A senior corporate officer of Occidental is responsible for the internal audit and review of its oil and gas reserves data. In addition, a Corporate Reserves Review Committee (Reserves Committee) has been established, consisting of senior corporate officers, to monitor and review Occidental's oil and gas reserves. The Reserves Committee reports to the Audit Committee of Occidental's Board of Directors periodically throughout the year. Occidental has retained Ryder Scott Company, L.P. (Ryder Scott), independent petroleum engineering consultants, to review its annual oil and gas reserve estimation processes since 2003.
Again in 2007, Ryder Scott has compared Occidental’s methods and procedures for estimating oil and gas reserves to generally accepted industry standards and has reviewed certain data, methods and procedures used in estimating reserves volumes, the economic evaluations and reserves classifications. Ryder Scott reviewed the specific application of such methods and procedures for a selection of oil and gas fields considered to be a valid representation of Occidental’s total reserves portfolio. In 2007, Ryder Scott reviewed approximately 10 percent of Occidental’s oil and gas reserves. Since being engaged in 2003, Ryder Scott has reviewed Occidental’s reserve estimation methods and procedures for approximately 57 percent of Occidental’s reported oil and gas reserves.
Based on this review, including the data, technical processes and interpretations presented by Occidental, Ryder Scott has concluded that the methodologies used by Occidental in preparing the relevant estimates generally comply with current Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) standards. Ryder Scott has not been engaged to render an opinion as to the reserves volumes reported by Occidental.
Proved Reserve Additions
Occidental's consolidated subsidiaries had proved reserves at year-end 2007 of 2,866 million BOE, as compared with the year-end 2006 amount of 2,833 million BOE. The increase in the consolidated subsidiaries’ reserves from all sources was 242 million BOE, which was comprised of an increase of 297 million BOE from proved developed reserves, partially offset by a decrease of 55 million BOE from proved undeveloped reserves.
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Proved developed reserves represented approximately 80 percent of Occidental’s total proved reserves at year-end 2007 compared to 78 percent at year-end 2006.
Proved Reserve Additions - Consolidated Subsidiaries - 2007
In Millions of BOE |
|
|
|
Revisions of previous estimates |
| (95 | ) |
Improved Recovery |
| 253 |
|
Extensions and Discoveries |
| 24 |
|
Purchases |
| 60 |
|
Total Additions |
| 242 |
|
Proved reserves consisted of 78 percent crude oil and condensate and 22 percent natural gas.
Revisions of Previous Estimates
In 2007, Occidental experienced a reduction of 95 million BOE of proved reserves through negative revisions of previous estimates, primarily in the Dolphin Project, Qatar, Elk Hills, THUMS and Argentina, partially offset by positive revisions in Permian and Hugoton. Oil price changes affect proved reserves recorded by Occidental. For example, if oil prices increased by $5 per barrel, less oil volume is required to recover costs, and PSCs would reduce Occidental's share of proved reserves by approximately 8 million BOE. Conversely, if oil prices dropped by $5 per barrel, Occidental's share of proved reserves would increase by a similar amount. Oil price changes also tend to affect the economic lives of proved reserves from other contracts, in a manner partially offsetting the PSC reserve volume changes. Apart from the effects of product prices, Occidental believes its approach to interpreting technical data regarding oil and gas reserves makes it more likely future reserve revisions will be positive rather than negative.
Improved Recovery
In 2007, Occidental added reserves of 253 million BOE through improved recovery. In the United States, improved recovery additions were 64 million BOE in the Elk Hills field, 52 million BOE in the Permian Basin and 29 million BOE in western Colorado. Foreign additions included 32 million BOE in Oman, 17 million BOE in Colombia and 15 million BOE in Qatar. The Elk Hills operations employ infill drilling and both gas flood and water flood techniques. In the Permian Basin, the increased reserves were primarily attributable to enhanced recovery techniques, such as drilling additional CO2 flood and water flood wells.
Extensions and Discoveries
Occidental obtains reserve additions from extensions and discoveries, which are dependent on successful exploitation programs. In 2007, as a result of such programs, Occidental added reserves of 24 million BOE, including 15 million BOE in Argentina, 3 million BOE in Oman and 2 million BOE in the Permian Basin.
The success of improved recovery, extension and discovery projects depends on reservoir characteristics and technology improvements, as well as oil and gas prices, capital costs and operating costs. Many of these factors are outside of management's control, and will affect whether or not these historical sources of reserve additions continue at similar levels.
Purchases of Proved Reserves
In 2007, Occidental purchased reserves of 60 million BOE, of which 50 million BOE were in the United States and 10 million BOE were in the Middle East/North Africa. Occidental continues to add reserves through acquisitions when properties are available at prices it deems reasonable. Acquisitions are dependent on successful bidding and negotiating of oil and gas contracts at attractive terms. As market conditions change, the available supply of properties may increase or decrease accordingly.
Proved Undeveloped Reserves
Occidental had proved undeveloped reserve additions of 202 million BOE resulting from improved recovery, extensions and discoveries and purchases, primarily in the Elk Hills field, the Permian Basin, Oman and Argentina. Elk Hills provided 19 percent of this increase. These proved undeveloped reserve additions were offset by reserve transfers to the proved developed category as a result of 2007 development programs. The Dolphin Project transferred 101 million BOE to the proved developed category during 2007, with no remaining undeveloped reserves at year end. In the United States, the Elk Hills field and the Permian Basin each transferred 21 million BOE into proved developed reserves from proved undeveloped reserves.
Industry Outlook
The petroleum industry is highly competitive and subject to significant volatility due to numerous market forces. Crude oil and natural gas prices are affected by market fundamentals such as weather, inventory levels, competing fuel prices, overall demand and the availability of supply.
Worldwide oil prices rose throughout 2007 and reached historical highs during the last half of the year. Continued economic growth, resulting in increased demand, and concerns about supply availability, could result in continued high prices. A lower demand growth rate could result in lower crude oil prices.
Oil prices have significantly affected profitability and returns for Occidental and other upstream producers. Oil prices cannot be predicted with any certainty. The WTI price has averaged approximately $38 per barrel over the past ten years. However, the industry has historically experienced wide fluctuations in prices. See the "Oil and Gas Segment — Business Environment" section above for further information.
While local supply/demand fundamentals are a decisive factor affecting domestic natural gas prices over the long term, day-to-day prices may be more volatile in the futures markets, such as on the NYMEX and other exchanges, making it difficult to forecast prices with any degree of confidence. Over the last ten years, the NYMEX gas price has averaged approximately $5.03 per Mcf.
15
CHEMICAL SEGMENT
Business Environment
The chemical segment results decreased in 2007 due to the softening United States housing market and continued high feedstock costs, which led to lower margins in the PVC business. This was partially offset by an increase in demand for United States products in export markets in 2007 aided by expanding international economies along with favorable foreign currency exchange rates.
Business Review
Basic Chemicals
During 2007, demand and pricing for basic chemical products generally remained strong, although demand for domestic chlorine slightly weakened compared to 2006 due to a slowdown in the United States housing sector. Domestic industry demand for liquid caustic soda in 2007 was virtually flat compared to the prior year; however, industry export demand increased over 2006. Export demand was supported by increasing alumina capacity in South America as well as favorable currency exchange rates. Margins in 2007 continued at 2006 levels as pricing and feedstock costs remained relatively unchanged. Pricing for liquid caustic soda started the year strong and increased every quarter of 2007 aided by unplanned global supply disruptions and a strong export market. OxyChem’s chlor-alkali operating rate for 2007 was 92 percent, which was the same as the industry average operating rate for 2007.
Vinyls
Domestic demand for PVC in 2007 was 5 percent below 2006 as a result of the significant slump in housing. This was partially offset by exports from the United States, which were up 40 percent in 2007 over 2006, resulting in overall demand for PVC being down 2 percent in 2007. Compared to 2006, margins in 2007 decreased as price increases were not able to compensate for raw material cost increases. From early 2007 to the end of the year, industry PVC prices increased by 31 percent while the cost of ethylene increased by 56 percent. OxyChem operated its PVC facilities at an average operating rate of 78 percent for 2007, compared to the North American industry average of 85 percent.
Industry Outlook
In 2007, Occidental's chemical business earnings were lower than 2006, primarily due to the weakening of the United States housing market.
Future performance will depend on the recovery of United States construction activity, global economic activity, the competitiveness of the United States in the world economy, feedstock and energy pricing, and the impact of additional production capacity entering the market place.
Basic Chemicals
Forecasts of a slowing United States economy offset by a continued strong export market in 2008 are expected to result in demand levels similar to 2007 levels. Despite continued pressure on the vinyls market, margins in 2008 are expected to remain similar to 2007, but could weaken in the second half due to the anticipated impact of capacity additions in mid 2008.
Vinyls
Industry-wide PVC operating rates are expected to be lower in 2008 as a result of weak demand, especially in housing, coupled with the start-up of new capacity in the first half of the year. Exports of United States produced products are expected to maintain their competitive advantage due to the weak United States dollar. Cost pressures are also expected to continue due to high feedstock costs.
CORPORATE AND OTHER
Corporate and Other includes investments in two cogeneration facilities in Taft, Louisiana and Ingleside, Texas and two common carrier pipelines in the Permian Basin, one of which was purchased in 2007, which are used in corporate-directed activities.
In 2007, Occidental resolved certain legal disputes that resulted in a gain of approximately $112 million.
On August 1, 2006, Occidental effected a two-for-one stock split in the form of a stock dividend to stockholders of record as of that date with distribution of the shares on August 15, 2006. All share and per share amounts discussed and disclosed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K reflect the effect of the stock split.
In October 2006, Occidental sold 10 million shares of Lyondell Chemical Company's (Lyondell) common stock in a registered public offering for a pre-tax gain of $90 million and gross proceeds of $250 million. In 2007, Occidental sold all of its remaining shares of Lyondell common stock (approximately 21 million shares) for a pre-tax gain of $326 million and gross proceeds of $672 million.
SEGMENT RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion of Occidental’s two operating segments and corporate items should be read in conjunction with Note 15 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
Segment earnings generally exclude income taxes, interest income, interest expense, environmental remediation expenses, unallocated corporate expenses, discontinued operations and the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, but include gains and losses from dispositions of segment assets and results and other earnings from the segments' equity investments.
16
The following table sets forth the sales and earnings of each operating segment and corporate items:
In millions, except per share amounts
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
NET SALES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and Gas |
| $ | 13,918 |
| $ | 12,190 |
| $ | 9,361 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 4,664 |
|
| 4,815 |
|
| 4,641 |
|
Other (a) |
|
| 202 |
|
| 170 |
|
| 151 |
|
|
| $ | 18,784 |
| $ | 17,175 |
| $ | 14,153 |
|
EARNINGS(LOSS) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and Gas (b) |
| $ | 8,318 |
| $ | 6,880 |
| $ | 5,662 |
|
Chemical (c) |
|
| 601 |
|
| 906 |
|
| 614 |
|
|
|
| 8,919 |
|
| 7,786 |
|
| 6,276 |
|
Unallocated corporate items |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense, net (d) |
|
| (199 | ) |
| (131 | ) |
| (201 | ) |
Income taxes (e) |
|
| (3,507 | ) |
| (3,354 | ) |
| (1,841 | ) |
Other (f) |
|
| (135 | ) |
| (99 | ) |
| 604 |
|
Income from continuing |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
operations |
|
| 5,078 |
|
| 4,202 |
|
| 4,838 |
|
Discontinued operations, net (g) |
|
| 322 |
|
| (11 | ) |
| 452 |
|
Cumulative effect of changes in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
accounting principles, net |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 3 |
|
Net Income |
| $ | 5,400 |
| $ | 4,191 |
| $ | 5,293 |
|
Basic Earnings per |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common Share |
| $ | 6.47 |
| $ | 4.92 |
| $ | 6.56 |
|
(a) | These amounts represent revenue from cogeneration plants and common carrier pipelines. |
(b) | The 2007 amount includes an after-tax gain of $412 million from the sale of Occidental's interest in a Russian joint venture, an after-tax gain of $112 million from certain litigation settlements, a pre-tax gain of $103 million from the sale of exploration properties, a pre-tax gain of $35 million from the sale of miscellaneous domestic oil and gas interests and a $74 million pre-tax loss from the impairment of properties. The 2007, 2006 and 2005 amounts include interest income of $10 million, $10 million and $11 million, respectively, from loans made to an equity investee. |
(c) | The 2005 amount includes a $139 million charge for the write-off of two previously idled chemical plants and one operating plant and an additional charge of $20 million for the write-down of another chemical plant. |
(d) | The 2007, 2006 and 2005 amounts include $167 million, $31 million and $42 million, respectively, of interest charges to redeem or purchase and retire various debt issues. |
(e) | As a result of changes in compensation programs in 2006, Occidental wrote off approximately $40 million of the related deferred tax asset that had been recognized in the financial statements prior to the changes. The 2005 amount includes a $335 million tax benefit due to the reversal of tax reserves no longer required, a $619 million tax benefit resulting from a closing agreement with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service resolving certain foreign tax credit issues and a $10 million charge related to a state income tax issue. |
(f) | The 2007 amount includes a $326 million pre-tax gain from the sale of Occidental’s remaining investment in Lyondell, a $47 million pre-tax charge for a plant closure and related environmental remediation reserve and a $25 million pre-tax severance charge. The 2006 amount includes a $90 million pre-tax gain from the sale of 10 million shares of Lyondell and a $108 million pre-tax gain related to litigation settlements. The 2005 amount includes a $726 million pre-tax gain from Valero Energy Corporation's (Valero) acquisition of Premcor, Inc, (Premcor) and the subsequent sale of the Valero shares received and a $140 million pre-tax gain from the sale of 11 million shares of Lyondell common stock. |
(g) | In June 2007, Occidental completed an exchange of oil and gas interests in Horn Mountain with BP for oil and gas interests in the Permian Basin and a gas processing plant in Texas. Occidental sold its oil and gas interests in Pakistan to BP. The 2007 amount includes after-tax income of $326 million related to these transactions and their operating results and a $4 million after-tax charge from assets classified to discontinued operations in 2006. In January 2006, Occidental completed the merger of Vintage into a subsidiary and classified certain assets and liabilities as held for sale. In May 2006, Ecuador terminated Occidental’s contract for the operation of Block 15. The 2006 amount includes a $253 million after-tax loss for Ecuador and the Vintage properties held for sale and $242 million after-tax income for the operations of Horn Mountain and Pakistan. |
Oil and Gas
In millions, except as indicated
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Segment Sales |
| $ | 13,918 |
| $ | 12,190 |
| $ | 9,361 |
|
Segment Earnings |
| $ | 8,318 |
| $ | 6,880 |
| $ | 5,662 |
|
Net Production per Day |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crude oil and liquids (MBBL) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
|
| 89 |
|
| 86 |
|
| 76 |
|
Permian |
|
| 167 |
|
| 167 |
|
| 161 |
|
Hugoton and other |
|
| 4 |
|
| 3 |
|
| 3 |
|
Total |
|
| 260 |
|
| 256 |
|
| 240 |
|
Natural Gas (MMCF) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
|
| 254 |
|
| 256 |
|
| 242 |
|
Hugoton and other |
|
| 153 |
|
| 138 |
|
| 133 |
|
Permian |
|
| 186 |
|
| 194 |
|
| 170 |
|
Total |
|
| 593 |
|
| 588 |
|
| 545 |
|
Latin America |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crude oil (MBBL) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Argentina |
|
| 32 |
|
| 33 |
|
| — |
|
Colombia |
|
| 42 |
|
| 38 |
|
| 36 |
|
Total |
|
| 74 |
|
| 71 |
|
| 36 |
|
Natural Gas (MMCF) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Argentina |
|
| 22 |
|
| 17 |
|
| — |
|
Bolivia |
|
| 18 |
|
| 17 |
|
| — |
|
Total |
|
| 40 |
|
| 34 |
|
| — |
|
Middle East/North Africa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crude oil (MBBL) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oman |
|
| 20 |
|
| 18 |
|
| 17 |
|
Dolphin |
|
| 4 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Qatar |
|
| 48 |
|
| 43 |
|
| 42 |
|
Yemen |
|
| 25 |
|
| 29 |
|
| 28 |
|
Libya |
|
| 22 |
|
| 23 |
|
| 8 |
|
Total |
|
| 119 |
|
| 113 |
|
| 95 |
|
Natural Gas (MMCF) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oman |
|
| 30 |
|
| 30 |
|
| 44 |
|
Dolphin |
|
| 51 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Total |
|
| 81 |
|
| 30 |
|
| 44 |
|
Barrels of Oil Equivalent (MBOE) (a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subtotal Consolidated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subsidiaries |
|
| 573 |
|
| 549 |
|
| 469 |
|
Colombia-minority interest |
|
| (5 | ) |
| (5 | ) |
| (4 | ) |
Yemen-Occidental net interest |
|
| 2 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
Total Worldwide Production |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(MBOE) (b) |
|
| 570 |
|
| 545 |
|
| 466 |
|
(See footnotes on next page)
17
Oil and Gas (continued)
In millions, except as indicated |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Average Sales Prices |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crude Oil Prices ($ per bbl) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
| $ | 65.67 |
| $ | 57.84 |
| $ | 50.12 |
|
Latin America |
| $ | 56.66 |
| $ | 52.40 |
| $ | 51.18 |
|
Middle East/North Africa (c) |
| $ | 69.24 |
| $ | 61.58 |
| $ | 49.88 |
|
Total consolidated subsidiaries |
| $ | 64.86 |
| $ | 57.81 |
| $ | 50.19 |
|
Other interests |
| $ | 68.74 |
| $ | 62.59 |
| $ | 50.42 |
|
Total worldwide (b) |
| $ | 64.77 |
| $ | 57.81 |
| $ | 50.18 |
|
Gas Prices ($ per Mcf) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
United States |
| $ | 6.53 |
| $ | 6.49 |
| $ | 7.10 |
|
Latin America |
| $ | 2.66 |
| $ | 2.00 |
| $ | — |
|
Total worldwide (b) |
| $ | 5.68 |
| $ | 6.00 |
| $ | 6.64 |
|
Expensed Exploration (d) |
| $ | 422 |
| $ | 296 |
| $ | 310 |
|
Capital Expenditures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Development |
| $ | 2,945 |
| $ | 2,454 |
| $ | 1,811 |
|
Exploration |
| $ | 159 |
| $ | 155 |
| $ | 246 |
|
Other |
| $ | 102 |
| $ | 94 |
| $ | 51 |
|
(a) | Natural gas volumes have been converted to BOE based on energy content of six Mcf of gas to one barrel of oil. |
(b) | Occidental has classified its Pakistan, Horn Mountain and Ecuador operations as discontinued operations on a retrospective application basis and excluded them from this table. Excluded production from Pakistan operations averaged 17,000 BOE per day in 2006 and 18,000 BOE per day in 2005. Excluded production from Horn Mountain operations averaged 13,000 BOE per day in 2006 and 14,000 BOE per day in 2005. Excluded production from Ecuador operations averaged 43,000 BOE per day for the first five months of 2006 and 42,000 BOE per day in 2005. Also excluded is production from a Russian joint venture (sold in January 2007), which averaged 27,000 BOE per day and 28,000 BOE per day in 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
(c) | These prices exclude the impact of taxes owed by Occidental but paid by governmental entities on its behalf. |
(d) | Includes dry hole write-offs and lease impairments of $247 million in 2007, $115 million in 2006 and $216 million in 2005. |
Oil and gas segment earnings in 2007 were $8.3 billion, compared to $6.9 billion in 2006. Oil and gas segment earnings in 2007 include an after-tax gain of $412 million from the sale of Occidental’s interest in a Russian joint venture, an after-tax gain of $112 million from certain litigation settlements, a pre-tax gain of $103 million from the sale of exploration properties, a pre-tax gain of $35 million from the sale of miscellaneous domestic oil and gas interests and a $74 million pre-tax loss from the impairment of properties. In addition to the matters discussed above, oil and gas segment earnings for 2007, compared to 2006, reflected higher crude oil prices and higher oil and gas production, partially offset by increased depreciation, depletion and amortization (DD&A) rates and higher operating and exploration expenses.
Oil and gas segment earnings in 2006 were $6.9 billion, compared to $5.7 billion in 2005. The increase in oil and gas segment earnings was primarily due to higher crude oil prices and oil and gas production, partially offset by higher operating expenses, including increased DD&A, which was driven by higher volumes and rates.
Average consolidated production costs for 2007 were $12.87 per BOE, compared to the average 2006 production cost of $11.70 per BOE. The increases resulted from higher field operating and maintenance costs.
Chemical
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Segment Sales |
| $ | 4,664 |
| $ | 4,815 |
| $ | 4,641 |
|
Segment Earnings |
| $ | 601 |
| $ | 906 |
| $ | 614 |
|
Capital Expenditures |
| $ | 251 |
| $ | 251 |
| $ | 173 |
|
Chemical segment earnings in 2007 were $601 million, compared to $906 million in 2006. The decrease in segment earnings is primarily due to lower margins in PVC.
Chemical segment earnings in 2006 were $906 million, compared to $614 million in 2005. The increase in chemical segment earnings is primarily due to higher margins in chlorine, caustic soda and PVC.
SIGNIFICANT ITEMS AFFECTING EARNINGS
The following table sets forth the effects of significant transactions and events affecting Occidental’s earnings that vary widely and unpredictably in nature, timing and amount for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005:
Significant Items Affecting Earnings
Benefit (Charge) (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
OIL AND GAS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on sale of a Russian joint venture (a) |
| $ | 412 |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
|
Legal settlements (a) |
|
| 112 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Gain on sale of exploration properties |
|
| 103 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Gain on sale of oil and gas interests |
|
| 35 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Impairments |
|
| (74 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
Contract settlement |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (26 | ) |
Hurricane insurance charge |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (18 | ) |
Total Oil and Gas |
| $ | 588 |
| $ | — |
| $ | (44 | ) |
CHEMICAL |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Write-off of plants |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | (159 | ) |
Hurricane insurance charge |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (11 | ) |
Total Chemical |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | (170 | ) |
CORPORATE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on sale of Lyondell shares |
| $ | 326 |
| $ | 90 |
| $ | 140 |
|
Debt purchase expense |
|
| (167 | ) |
| (31 | ) |
| (42 | ) |
Facility closure |
|
| (47 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
Severance charge |
|
| (25 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
Deferred tax write-off due to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
compensation program changes (a) |
|
| — |
|
| (40 | ) |
| — |
|
Litigation settlements |
|
| — |
|
| 108 |
|
| — |
|
Gain on sale of Premcor-Valero shares |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 726 |
|
State tax issue charge (a) |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (10 | ) |
Settlement of federal tax issue (a) |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 619 |
|
Reversal of tax reserves (a) |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 335 |
|
Equity investment impairment |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (15 | ) |
Equity investment hurricane insurance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
charge |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (2 | ) |
Hurricane insurance charge |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (10 | ) |
Tax effect of pre-tax adjustments |
|
| (2 | ) |
| (41 | ) |
| (219 | ) |
Discontinued operations, net of tax (a) |
|
| 322 |
|
| (11 | ) |
| 452 |
|
Cumulative effect of changes in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
accounting principles, net of tax (a) |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 3 |
|
Total Corporate and Other |
| $ | 407 |
| $ | 75 |
| $ | 1,977 |
|
(a) | Amounts shown after tax. |
18
TAXES
Deferred tax liabilities, net of deferred tax assets of $1.7 billion, were $2.1 billion at December 31, 2007. The current portion of the deferred tax assets of $230 million is included in prepaid expenses and other. The net deferred tax assets are expected to be realized through future operating income and reversal of temporary differences.
Worldwide Effective Tax Rate
The following table sets forth the calculation of the worldwide effective tax rate for income from continuing operations:
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
EARNINGS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and Gas (a) |
| $ | 8,318 |
| $ | 6,880 |
| $ | 5,662 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 601 |
|
| 906 |
|
| 614 |
|
Corporate and Other (b) |
|
| (334 | ) |
| (230 | ) |
| 403 |
|
Pre-tax income (a) |
|
| 8,585 |
|
| 7,556 |
|
| 6,679 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal and State |
|
| 1,558 |
|
| 1,625 |
|
| 592 |
|
Foreign (a) |
|
| 1,949 |
|
| 1,729 |
|
| 1,249 |
|
Total |
|
| 3,507 |
|
| 3,354 |
|
| 1,841 |
|
Income from continuing operations |
| $ | 5,078 |
| $ | 4,202 |
| $ | 4,838 |
|
Worldwide effective tax rate |
|
| 41% |
|
| 44% |
|
| 28% |
|
(a) | Revenues, oil and gas pre-tax income and income tax expense include taxes owed by Occidental but paid by governmental entities on its behalf of $1.3 billion, $1.1 billion and $887 million for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
(b) | The 2005 amount includes a $726 million pre-tax gain from Valero's acquisition of Premcor Inc. (Premcor) and the subsequent sale of all of the Valero shares received. |
Occidental’s 2007 worldwide effective tax rate was 41 percent. The decrease in the income tax rate in 2007, compared to 2006, resulted from lower taxes on the 2007 sale of certain properties.
Occidental's 2006 worldwide effective tax rate was 44 percent. The lower income tax rate for reported income in 2005, compared to 2006, resulted from a $335 million 2005 tax benefit due to the reversal of tax reserves no longer required and a $619 million 2005 tax benefit resulting from a closing agreement with the IRS resolving certain foreign tax credit issues.
CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Selected Revenue Items
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Net sales |
| $ | 18,784 |
| $ | 17,175 |
| $ | 14,153 |
|
Interest, dividends and other income |
| $ | 355 |
| $ | 381 |
| $ | 181 |
|
Gains on disposition of assets, net |
| $ | 874 |
| $ | 118 |
| $ | 870 |
|
The increase in net sales in 2007, compared to 2006, reflects higher crude oil prices and increased oil and gas production, including production from the start-up of the Dolphin Project in the third quarter of 2007.
The increase in net sales in 2006, compared to 2005, reflects higher crude oil prices and oil and gas production and higher chemical prices, partially offset by lower natural gas prices.
Interest, dividends and other income of 2007 includes $112 million of gains from litigation settlements.
The increase in interest, dividends and other income in 2006, compared to 2005, is primarily due to a $108 million gain related to litigation settlements and interest income earned on a higher level of cash and cash equivalents.
Gains on disposition of assets, net in 2007, includes a $326 million gain from the sale of 21 million shares of Lyondell, a $412 million gain from the sale of Occidental’s interest in a Russian joint venture and a gain of $103 million from the sale of exploration properties in West Africa.
Gains on disposition of assets, net in 2006, includes a gain of $90 million from the sale of 10 million shares of Lyondell stock.
Gains on disposition of assets, net in 2005 include a gain of $726 million resulting from Valero’s acquisition of Premcor and the subsequent sale of all of the Valero shares received and a gain of $140 million on the sale of 11 million shares of Lyondell stock.
Selected Expense Items
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Cost of sales (a) |
| $ | 6,627 |
| $ | 6,192 |
| $ | 5,336 |
|
Selling, general and administrative |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and other operating expenses |
| $ | 1,561 |
| $ | 1,356 |
| $ | 1,310 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
amortization |
| $ | 2,379 |
| $ | 2,008 |
| $ | 1,372 |
|
Exploration expense |
| $ | 422 |
| $ | 296 |
| $ | 310 |
|
Interest and debt expense, net |
| $ | 339 |
| $ | 291 |
| $ | 293 |
|
(a) | Excludes depreciation, depletion and amortization of $2,338 million in 2007, $1,978 million in 2006 and $1,334 million in 2005. |
Cost of sales increased in 2007, compared to 2006, due to higher crude oil and natural gas production and maintenance costs and higher chemicals feedstock costs.
Cost of sales increased in 2006, compared to 2005, due to higher crude oil and natural gas production, maintenance, workover and utility costs and higher ad valorem and export taxes.
Selling, general and administrative and other operating expenses increased in 2007, compared to 2006, due to 2007 severance charges, higher production taxes and higher stock-based and incentive compensation expense. The increase in stock-based and incentive compensation expense in 2007, compared to 2006, resulted from a 58-percent increase in Occidental's stock price and higher net income, which increased the performance measures used to value certain of the existing stock-based awards, partially offset by a decrease in the value of awards granted in 2007.
Selling, general and administrative and other operating expenses increased in 2006, compared to 2005, due to higher crude oil and natural gas production taxes and increases in stock-based and incentive compensation expense.
DD&A increased in 2007, compared to 2006, due to increased production, mainly from the Dolphin Project, and higher costs of new reserve additions resulting in a higher DD&A rate.
19
DD&A increased in 2006, compared to 2005, due to increased production, mainly from the Vintage acquisition and higher costs of new reserve additions resulting in a higher DD&A rate.
The increase in exploration expense in 2007, compared to 2006, was due to increases in the Colombia and Middle East/North Africa exploration programs and impairments in California.
Interest and debt expense in 2007, 2006 and 2005 included pre-tax debt repayment expenses of $167 million, $35 million and $42 million, respectively. Excluding the effect of these debt repayment charges, interest expense decreased in 2007, compared to 2006, due to lower debt levels and lower effective interest rates.
Selected Other Items
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Provision for income taxes |
| $ | 3,507 |
| $ | 3,354 |
| $ | 1,841 |
|
Income from equity investments |
| $ | (82 | ) | $ | (183 | ) | $ | (232 | ) |
Discontinued operations, net |
| $ | 322 |
| $ | (11 | ) | $ | 452 |
|
The increase in the provision for income taxes in 2007, compared to 2006, was due to an increase in income before taxes in 2007.
The increase in the provision for income taxes in 2006, compared to 2005, was due to an increase in income before taxes in 2006, a $335 million 2005 tax benefit due to the reversal of tax reserves no longer required, and a $619 million 2005 tax benefit related to the resolution of certain IRS tax issues.
The decrease in income from equity investments in 2007, compared to 2006, was due to the sale of Occidental’s interest in Lyondell and a Russian joint venture.
The decrease in income from equity investments in 2006, compared to 2005, is mainly due to the change in Occidental’s accounting for its Lyondell shares from equity method to available-for-sale investment in May 2006.
Discontinued operations in 2007 include after-tax income of $326 million for the operations of Horn Mountain and Pakistan that were sold as part of a series of transactions with BP as well as the results of operations of these assets before disposal.
Discontinued operations in 2006 include a $296 million after-tax loss for Ecuador after Occidental's contract for its Block 15 operations was terminated in May 2006. The 2006 amount also includes $285 million after-tax income for the operations of Horn Mountain and Pakistan as well as the Vintage assets that were held for sale.
Discontinued operations in 2005 include after-tax income from Ecuador, Horn Mountain and Pakistan operations.
CONSOLIDATED ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
The changes in the following components of Occidental’s balance sheet are discussed below:
Selected Balance Sheet Components
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
CURRENT ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
| $ | 1,964 |
| $ | 1,339 |
|
Short-term investments |
|
| — |
|
| 240 |
|
Trade receivables, net |
|
| 4,973 |
|
| 2,825 |
|
Receivables from joint ventures, partnerships |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and other |
|
| 416 |
|
| 499 |
|
Inventories |
|
| 910 |
|
| 825 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other |
|
| 332 |
|
| 257 |
|
Assets of discontinued operations |
|
| — |
|
| 184 |
|
Total current assets |
| $ | 8,595 |
| $ | 6,169 |
|
Investments in unconsolidated entities |
| $ | 783 |
| $ | 1,344 |
|
Property, plant and equipment, net |
| $ | 26,278 |
| $ | 24,138 |
|
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current maturities of long-term debt and notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
payable |
| $ | 47 |
| $ | 171 |
|
Accounts payable |
|
| 4,263 |
|
| 2,263 |
|
Accrued liabilities |
|
| 1,399 |
|
| 1,532 |
|
Dividends payable |
|
| 212 |
|
| 188 |
|
Domestic and foreign income taxes |
|
| 227 |
|
| 396 |
|
Liabilities of discontinued operations |
|
| 118 |
|
| 145 |
|
Total current liabilities |
| $ | 6,266 |
| $ | 4,695 |
|
Long-term debt, net |
| $ | 1,741 |
| $ | 2,619 |
|
Deferred credits and other liabilities-income taxes |
| $ | 2,324 |
| $ | 2,366 |
|
Deferred credits and other liabilities-other |
| $ | 3,156 |
| $ | 2,952 |
|
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations |
| $ | 174 |
| $ | 195 |
|
Minority interest |
| $ | 35 |
| $ | 352 |
|
Stockholders’ equity |
| $ | 22,823 |
| $ | 19,252 |
|
Assets
See "Cash Flow Analysis" for discussion about the change in cash and cash equivalents.
The decrease in short-term investments was due to the sale of Occidental's investments in auction rate securities. The increase in trade receivables, net was due to higher crude oil and natural gas prices and volumes during the fourth quarter of 2007 compared to 2006. The decrease in receivables from joint ventures, partnerships and other was due to mark-to-market adjustments on derivative instruments. The increase in inventories was due to an increase in materials and supplies, mainly in Colombia and Libya, and higher purchases from third parties in the marketing and trading operations. The increase in prepaid expense and other was due to increases in current deferred tax assets and higher prepaid insurance premiums. The decrease in assets of discontinued operations was due to the sale of Pakistan operations and an exchange involving the Horn Mountain operations with BP during 2007.
The decrease in investments in unconsolidated entities was due to the sale of 21 million shares of Lyondell and the sale of Occidental’s interest in a Russian joint venture. The increase in property, plant and equipment (PP&E), net was due to capital expenditures in 2007 and various oil and gas acquisitions, offset by 2007 DD&A and sales of various oil and gas assets.
20
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
The increase in accounts payable was due to higher prices and volumes for purchased crude oil and natural gas in the marketing and trading operations. In 2007, the decrease in accrued liabilities was due to contract bonus payments in Oman, contingent payments related to acquisitions and 2006 accruals for interest that were paid for in the debt tender offers. The decrease in domestic and foreign income taxes was due to the adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation (FIN) 48.
The decrease in long-term debt, net was due to the January 2007 debt repurchases under cash tender offers, the May 2007 redemption of the Vintage senior notes due 2012 and required debt payments. The increase in deferred credits and other liabilities – other was due to an increase in asset retirement obligations and higher mark-to-market adjustments on derivative instruments. The decrease in minority interest was due to Occidental's purchase of the minority interest in a chemical operation from a third party.
The increase in stockholders' equity reflects net income for 2007 partially offset by treasury stock repurchases of approximately 20.6 million shares in 2007 and dividend payments.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
At December 31, 2007, Occidental had approximately $2.0 billion in cash on hand. Although income and cash flows are largely dependent on oil and gas prices and production, Occidental believes that cash on hand and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to fund its operating needs, capital expenditure requirements, dividend payments, anticipated acquisitions, debt payments and purchases under its announced common stock repurchase program. If needed, Occidental could access its existing credit facilities.
In September 2006, Occidental amended and restated its $1.5 billion bank credit (Credit Facility) to, among other things, lower the interest rate and extend the term to September 2011. In September 2007, participating lenders extended the maturity date on $1.4 billion of aggregate loan commitments under the Credit Facility to September 2012. The Credit Facility provides for the termination of the loan commitments and requires immediate repayment of any outstanding amounts if certain events of default occur or if Occidental files for bankruptcy. Occidental did not draw down any amounts under the Credit Facility during 2007. Available but unused lines of committed bank credit totaled approximately $1.5 billion at December 31, 2007.
None of Occidental's committed bank credits contain material adverse change (MAC) clauses or debt rating triggers that could restrict Occidental's ability to borrow under these lines. Occidental's credit facilities and debt agreements do not contain rating triggers that could terminate bank commitments or accelerate debt in the event of a ratings downgrade.
At December 31, 2007, under the most restrictive covenants of certain financing agreements, Occidental's capacity for additional unsecured borrowing was approximately $54.8 billion, and the capacity for the payment of cash dividends and other distributions on, and for acquisitions of, Occidental's capital stock was approximately $20.8 billion, assuming that such dividends, distributions and acquisitions were made without incurring additional borrowing.
In May 2007, Occidental redeemed all $276 million of the outstanding principal amount of its 8.25-percent Vintage Petroleum, LLC (Vintage) senior notes due 2012. In January 2007, Occidental completed cash tender offers for its 10.125-percent senior debentures due 2009, 9.25-percent senior debentures due 2019, 8.75-percent medium-term notes due 2023, 7.2-percent senior debentures due 2028 and 8.45-percent senior notes due 2029, resulting in the repurchase of a portion of these debt instruments totaling $659 million in principal amount. The redemption and repurchases resulted in a pre-tax interest expense of $167 million.
In the first quarter of 2005, Occidental filed a shelf registration statement for up to $1.5 billion of various securities. As of December 31, 2007, no securities had been issued under this shelf.
Cash Flow Analysis
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Net cash provided by operating |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
activities |
| $ | 6,798 |
| $ | 6,353 |
| $ | 5,337 |
|
The increase in operating cash flow in 2007, compared to 2006, resulted from higher crude oil prices and higher oil and gas production partially offset by the effects of lower chemical margins, particularly PVC, and reduced cash flow from discontinued operations. In 2007, Occidental’s realized crude oil prices increased 12 percent and its oil and gas production increased by over 4 percent compared to 2006. The increase in production was mainly due to the start-up of the Dolphin Project production in the third quarter of 2007.
Increases in the costs of producing oil and gas, such as purchased goods and services, and higher utility, maintenance and gas plant costs, partially offset the effect of increases in realized crude oil prices. Other cost elements, such as labor costs and overhead, are not significant drivers of cash flow because they are mainly fixed within a narrow range over the short to intermediate term. These cost increases had a much smaller effect on cash flow than the higher crude oil prices and higher crude oil and natural gas production.
Most major chemical prices, especially PVC, decreased in 2007, compared to 2006, which reduced chemical margins. The overall impact of the chemical price decreases on cash flow was much less significant than the increase in crude oil prices because the chemical segment earnings and cash flow are significantly smaller that those for the oil and gas segment.
The significant increase in operating cash flow in 2006, compared to 2005, resulted from several factors. The most important drivers were higher crude oil prices, higher oil and gas production and, to a much lesser extent, higher chemical margins, partially offset by the effects of lower gas prices and reduced cash flow from
21
discontinued operations. In 2006, Occidental’s realized crude oil prices increased by 15 percent and its oil and gas production increased by over 17 percent compared to 2005. The increase in production was mainly due to the 11 months of production from the Vintage acquisition.
Increases in the costs of producing oil and gas, such as purchased goods and services, and higher utility costs, gas plant costs and ad valorem and export taxes, partially offset the effect of oil price increases. The cost increases had a smaller effect on cash flow than the higher crude oil prices and the higher crude oil and natural gas production.
Most major chemical prices increased in 2006, compared to 2005, at a higher rate than ethylene costs, thereby improving chemical margins. The overall impact of the chemical price changes on cash flow was much less than for oil and gas price changes because the chemical segment earnings and cash flow are significantly smaller than those for the oil and gas segment.
Other non-cash charges to income in 2007 included deferred compensation, stock incentive plan amortization and environmental remediation accruals. Other non-cash charges to income in 2006 included stock incentive plan amortization, deferred compensation and environmental remediation accruals. Other non-cash charges to income in 2005 included chemical asset write-downs, deferred compensation, stock incentive plan amortization and environmental remediation accruals.
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Net cash used by investing activities |
| $ | (3,128 | ) | $ | (4,383 | ) | $ | (3,161 | ) |
The 2007 amount includes cash proceeds of $672 million from the sale of 21 million shares of Lyondell, $485 million received from the sale of Occidental’s interest in a Russian joint venture, $509 million from the sale of other businesses and properties, and $250 million from the sale of auction rate securities. The 2007 amount also includes the cash paid for the acquisitions of various oil and gas and chemical interests, a Permian Basin common carrier pipeline system and a gas processing plant in Texas totaling $1.4 billion.
The 2006 amount includes the cash payments associated with the acquisition of Vintage and the property acquisition from Plains, partially offset by cash proceeds from the Vintage assets subsequently sold and from the sale of Lyondell shares.
The 2005 amount includes the cash payments for several Permian Basin acquisitions, the acquisition of the Vulcan chlor-alkali manufacturing facilities and the payments to re-enter Libya and to assume operations of the Mukhaizna field in Oman. These were partially offset by the cash proceeds from the sale of the Premcor-Valero shares and the Lyondell shares.
Also, see the "Capital Expenditures" section below.
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Net cash used by financing activities |
| $ | (3,045 | ) | $ | (2,819 | ) | $ | (1,187 | ) |
The 2007 amount includes net debt payments of $1.2 billion, including the repurchase of various debt issues under cash tender offers and the redemption of the Vintage senior notes due 2012. The 2007 amount also included $1.1 billion of cash paid for repurchases of 20.6 million shares of Occidental’s common stock at an average price of $54.75 per share.
The 2006 amount consists of $1.5 billion of cash paid for Occidental’s stock repurchase plan and net debt payments of approximately $900 million.
The 2005 amount includes net debt payments of approximately $900 million.
Occidental paid common stock dividends of $765 million in 2007, $646 million in 2006 and $483 million in 2005.
Capital Expenditures
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Oil and Gas |
| $ | 3,206 |
| $ | 2,703 |
| $ | 2,108 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 251 |
|
| 251 |
|
| 173 |
|
Corporate and Other |
|
| 40 |
|
| 33 |
|
| 14 |
|
Total (a) |
| $ | 3,497 |
| $ | 2,987 |
| $ | 2,295 |
|
(a) | Excludes acquisitions. Amounts are included in net cash used by investing activities discussed above. |
Occidental’s capital spending estimate for 2008 is approximately $3.8 to $3.9 billion. Most of the capital spending increase will be allocated to oil and gas exploration, production and development activities for the Colombia LCI project and the Vintage properties in Argentina and California.
Commitments at December 31, 2007, for major capital expenditures during 2008 and thereafter were approximately $330 million. Occidental will fund these commitments and capital expenditures with cash from operations.
OFF-BALANCE-SHEET ARRANGEMENTS
In the course of its business activities, Occidental pursues a number of projects and transactions to meet its core business objectives. The accounting and financial statement treatment of these transactions is a result of the varying methods of funding employed. Occidental also makes commitments on behalf of unconsolidated entities. These transactions, or groups of transactions, are recorded in compliance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and, unless otherwise noted, are not reflected on Occidental’s balance sheets. The following is a description of the business purpose and nature of these transactions.
Dolphin Project
See "Oil and Gas Segment — Business Review — Middle East/North Africa — Dolphin Project" for further information about the structure of the Dolphin Project.
In July 2005, Dolphin Energy entered into a bridge loan in an amount of $2.45 billion. The proceeds of the new bridge loan were used to pay off amounts outstanding on a previous bridge loan and are being used to fund the construction of the Dolphin Project.
22
The new bridge loan has a term of four years, is a revolving credit facility through April 2008 and may be converted to a term loan thereafter. In September 2005, Dolphin Energy entered into an agreement with banks to provide a $1.0 billion facility to fund the construction of a certain portion of the Dolphin Project. Occidental guarantees 24.5 percent of both of these obligations of Dolphin Energy. At December 31, 2007, Occidental’s portion of the bridge loan and financing facility was $816 million. Occidental had recorded $588 million on the balance sheet at December 31, 2007, for the combined bridge loan and financing facility. The remaining amounts of the bridge loan and financing facility drawdowns are discussed in the "Guarantees" section below.
Ecuador
In Ecuador, Occidental has a 14-percent interest in the Oleoducto de Crudos Pesados Ltd. (OCP) oil export pipeline. As of December 31, 2007, Occidental’s net investment in and advances to the project totaled $69 million. Occidental reports this investment in its consolidated financial statements using the equity method of accounting. The project was funded in part by senior project debt, which is to be repaid with the proceeds of ship-or-pay tariffs of certain upstream producers in Ecuador. In May 2006, Ecuador terminated Occidental’s contract for the operation of Block 15, which comprised all of its oil-producing operations in the country, and seized Occidental’s Block 15 assets. Occidental’s guarantee of its share of the ship-or-pay obligations provides the lenders the right to require Occidental to make an advance tariff payment as a result of the expropriation, which has not been exercised to date. At December 31, 2007, the total pre-tax advance tariff of approximately $89 million was accrued in Occidental’s consolidated financial statements. This advance tariff would be used by the pipeline company to service or prepay project debt. At December 31, 2007, Occidental also had obligations relating to performance bonds totaling $14 million.
Leases
Occidental has entered into various operating-lease agreements, mainly for railcars, power plants, manufacturing facilities and office space. Occidental leases assets when it offers greater operating flexibility. Lease payments are expensed mainly as cost of sales. For more information, see the Contractual Obligations table below.
Guarantees
Occidental has entered into various guarantees including performance bonds, letters of credit, indemnities, commitments and other forms of guarantees provided by Occidental to third parties, mainly to provide assurance that OPC or its subsidiaries and affiliates will meet their various obligations (guarantees).
At December 31, 2007, the notional amount of the guarantees that are subject to the reporting requirements of FIN 45 was approximately $250 million, which consists of Occidental’s guarantee of equity investees’ debt, primarily from the Dolphin Project equity investment, and other commitments.
Contractual Obligations
The table below summarizes and cross-references certain contractual obligations that are reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2007 and/or disclosed in the accompanying Notes.
|
|
|
|
| Payments Due by Year | ||||||||||
Contractual Obligations (in millions) |
| Total |
| 2008 |
| 2009 to 2010 |
| 2011 to 2012 |
| 2013 and thereafter | |||||
Consolidated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance Sheet |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Note 5) (a) |
| $ | 1,777 |
| $ | 35 |
| $ | 923 |
| $ | 436 |
| $ | 383 |
Capital leases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Note 6) |
|
| 37 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 32 |
Other liabilities (b) |
|
| 7,468 |
|
| 5,618 |
|
| 713 |
|
| 412 |
|
| 725 |
Other Obligations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating leases |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Note 6) (c) |
|
| 1,305 |
|
| 207 |
|
| 229 |
|
| 151 |
|
| 718 |
Purchase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
obligations (d, e) |
|
| 6,980 |
|
| 2,145 |
|
| 2,253 |
|
| 1,430 |
|
| 1,152 |
Total |
| $ | 17,567 |
| $ | 8,006 |
| $ | 4,120 |
| $ | 2,431 |
| $ | 3,010 |
(a) | Excludes unamortized debt discount and interest expense on the debt. As of December 31, 2007, interest on long-term debt totaling $767 million is payable in the following years (in millions): 2008 - $105, 2009 to 2010 - $149, 2011 to 2012 - $112 and 2013 and thereafter - $401. |
(b) | Includes accounts payable, certain accrued liabilities and obligations under postretirement benefit and deferred compensation plans. |
(c) | Amounts have not been reduced for sublease rental income. |
(d) | Includes long-term purchase contracts and purchase orders and contracts for goods and services used in manufacturing and producing operations in the normal course of business. Some of these arrangements involve take-or-pay commitments but they do not represent debt obligations. Long-term material purchase contracts are discounted using a 6.4-percent discount rate. |
(e) | Amounts exclude purchase obligations related to oil and gas marketing and trading activities where an offsetting sales position exists. |
LAWSUITS, CLAIMS, COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND RELATED MATTERS
OPC or certain of its subsidiaries have been named in many lawsuits, claims and other legal proceedings. These actions seek, among other things, compensation for alleged personal injury, breach of contract, property damage, punitive damages, civil penalties or other losses, or injunctive or declaratory relief. OPC or certain of its subsidiaries also have been named in proceedings under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) and similar federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws. These environmental proceedings seek funding or performance of remediation and, in some cases, compensation for alleged property damage, punitive damages and civil penalties; however, Occidental is usually one of many companies in these proceedings and has to date been successful in sharing response costs with other financially sound companies. With respect to all such lawsuits, claims and proceedings, including environmental proceedings, Occidental accrues reserves when it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.
23
Since 2004, Occidental Chemical Corporation (OCC) has been served with ten lawsuits filed in Nicaragua by approximately 2,600 individual plaintiffs. These individuals allege that they have sustained several billion dollars of personal injury damages as a result of their alleged exposure to a pesticide. OCC is aware of, but has not been served in, 23 additional cases in Nicaragua, which Occidental understands make similar allegations. In the opinion of management, the claims against OCC are without merit because, among other things, OCC believes that none of the pesticide it manufactured was ever sold or used in Nicaragua. Under the applicable Nicaraguan statute, defendants are required to pay pre-trial deposits so large as to effectively prohibit defendants from participating fully in their defense. OCC filed a response to the complaints contesting jurisdiction without posting such pre-trial deposit. In 2004, the judge in one of the cases (Osorio case) ruled the court had jurisdiction over the defendants, including OCC, and that the plaintiffs had waived the requirement of the pre-trial deposit. In order to preserve its jurisdictional defense, OCC elected not to make a substantive appearance in the Osorio case. In 2005, the judge in the Osorio case entered judgment against several defendants, including OCC, for damages totaling approximately $97 million. In December 2006, the court in a second case in Nicaragua (Rios case) entered a judgment against several defendants, including OCC, for damages totaling approximately $800 million. While preserving its jurisdictional defenses, OCC has appealed the judgments in the Osorio and Rios cases. In September 2007, the plaintiffs in the Osorio case filed an action in state court in Florida seeking to enforce the Nicaraguan judgment. That action was removed to and is presently pending in federal court. OCC has no assets in Nicaragua and, in the opinion of management, any judgment rendered under the statute, including in the Osorio and Rios cases, would be unenforceable in the United States.
During the course of its operations, Occidental is subject to audit by tax authorities for varying periods in various federal, state, local and foreign tax jurisdictions. Taxable years prior to 2001 are generally closed for U.S. federal and state corporate income tax purposes. Corporate tax returns for taxable years 2001 through the current year are in various stages of audit by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. Disputes may arise during the course of such audits as to facts and matters of law.
Occidental has entered into agreements providing for future payments to secure terminal and pipeline capacity, drilling services, electrical power, steam and certain chemical raw materials. At December 31, 2007, the net present value of the fixed and determinable portion of the obligations under these agreements, which were used to collateralize financings of the respective suppliers, aggregated $52 million, which was payable as follows (in millions): 2008 – $12, 2009 – $10, 2010 – $10, 2011 – $9, 2012 – $8 and thereafter – $3. Fixed payments under these agreements were $18 million in 2007, $18 million in 2006 and $17 million in 2005. See "Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements — Contractual Obligations" for further information.
Occidental has certain other commitments under contracts, guarantees and joint ventures, including purchase commitments for goods and services at market-related prices and certain other contingent liabilities. See "Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements" for further information. Some of these commitments, although not fixed or determinable, involve capital expenditures and are part of the $3.8 to $3.9 billion in capital expenditures estimated for 2008.
Occidental has indemnified various parties against specified liabilities that those parties might incur in the future in connection with purchases and other transactions that they have entered into with Occidental. These indemnities usually are contingent upon the other party incurring liabilities that reach specified thresholds. As of December 31, 2007, Occidental is not aware of circumstances that it believes would reasonably be expected to lead to future indemnity claims against it in connection with these transactions that would result in payments materially in excess of reserves.
It is impossible at this time to determine the ultimate liabilities that OPC and its subsidiaries may incur resulting from any lawsuits, claims and proceedings, audits, commitments, contingencies and related matters or the timing of these liabilities. If these matters were to be ultimately resolved unfavorably at amounts substantially exceeding Occidental’s reserves, an outcome not currently anticipated, it is possible that such outcome could have a material adverse effect upon Occidental’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, after taking into account reserves, management does not expect the ultimate resolution of any of these matters to have a material adverse effect upon Occidental’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITIES AND EXPENDITURES
Occidental’s operations are subject to stringent federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to improving or maintaining environmental quality. Costs associated with environmental compliance have increased over time and are expected to rise in the future. Environmental expenditures related to current operations are factored into the overall business planning process and are considered an integral part of production in manufacturing quality products responsive to market demand.
Environmental Remediation
The laws that require or address environmental remediation may apply retroactively to past waste disposal practices and releases of substances to the environment. In many cases, the laws apply regardless of fault, legality of the original activities or current ownership or control of sites. OPC or certain of its subsidiaries participate in environmental assessments and cleanups under these laws at currently-owned facilities, previously-owned sites and third-party sites. Also, OPC or certain of its subsidiaries have been involved in a substantial number of governmental and private proceedings involving historical practices at various sites including, in some instances, having been named in proceedings under CERCLA and similar federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws. These proceedings seek funding or performance of remediation and, in some cases, compensation for alleged property damage, punitive damages and civil penalties.
24
As of December 31, 2007, Occidental, through a wholly owed subsidiary, participated in or monitored ongoing or recent assessments, remediation, proceedings or information requests at 163 sites. Thirty-nine of those sites are currently listed or proposed for listing by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on the National Priorities List.
The following table presents Occidental’s environmental remediation reserves at December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, grouped by three categories of environmental remediation sites:
$ amounts in millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||||||||
|
| # of Sites |
| Reserve Balance |
| # of Sites |
| Reserve Balance |
| # of Sites |
| Reserve Balance |
| |||
CERCLA & |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
equivalent sites |
| 105 |
| $ | 225 |
| 105 |
| $ | 226 |
| 128 |
| $ | 236 |
|
Active facilities |
| 17 |
|
| 99 |
| 21 |
|
| 116 |
| 18 |
|
| 114 |
|
Closed or sold |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
facilities |
| 41 |
|
| 133 |
| 40 |
|
| 70 |
| 39 |
|
| 68 |
|
Total |
| 163 |
| $ | 457 |
| 166 |
| $ | 412 |
| 185 |
| $ | 418 |
|
The following table shows environmental reserve activity for the past three years:
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Balance - Beginning of Year |
| $ | 412 |
| $ | 418 |
| $ | 375 |
|
Remediation expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and interest accretion |
|
| 108 |
|
| 48 |
|
| 63 |
|
Changes from acquisitions |
|
| 5 |
|
| 17 |
|
| 45 |
|
Payments |
|
| (68 | ) |
| (71 | ) |
| (71 | ) |
Other |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 6 |
|
Balance - End of Year |
| $ | 457 |
| $ | 412 |
| $ | 418 |
|
Occidental expects to expend funds equivalent to about half of the current environmental reserve over the next four years and the balance over the next ten or more years. Occidental believes it is reasonably possible that it will continue to incur additional liabilities beyond those recorded for environmental remediation at these sites. The range of reasonably possible loss for existing environmental remediation matters could be up to $400 million beyond the amount accrued.
For management’s opinion with respect to environmental matters, refer to the "Lawsuits, Claims, Commitments, Contingencies and Related Matters" section above.
CERCLA and Equivalent Sites
As of December 31, 2007, OPC or certain of its subsidiaries have been named in 105 CERCLA or equivalent proceedings, as shown below.
Description ($ amounts in millions) |
| # of Sites |
| Reserve Balance |
| |
Minimal/No exposure (a) |
| 85 |
| $ | 7 |
|
Reserves between $1-10 MM |
| 14 |
|
| 47 |
|
Reserves over $10 MM |
| 6 |
|
| 171 |
|
Total |
| 105 |
| $ | 225 |
|
(a) | Includes 30 sites for which Maxus Energy Corporation has retained the liability and indemnified Occidental, 6 sites where Occidental has denied liability without challenge, 31 sites where Occidental’s reserves are less than $50,000 each, and 18 sites where reserves are between $50,000 and $1 million each. |
The six sites with individual reserves over $10 million in 2007 include a former copper mining and smelting operation in Tennessee, two closed landfills in western New York and groundwater treatment facilities at three closed chemical plants (Montague, Michigan, western New York and Tacoma, Washington).
Active Facilities
Certain subsidiaries of OPC are currently addressing releases of substances from past operations at 17 active facilities. Four assets — a chemical plant in Louisiana, a chemical plant in Kansas and certain oil and gas properties and pipeline systems in the southwestern United States — account for 69 percent of the reserves associated with these facilities.
Closed or Sold Facilities
There are 41 other sites formerly owned or operated by certain subsidiaries of OPC that have ongoing environmental remediation requirements in which OPC or its subsidiaries are involved. Four sites account for 70 percent of the reserves associated with this group. The four sites are: an active refinery in Louisiana where Occidental indemnifies the current owner and operator for certain remedial actions, a water treatment facility at a former coal mine in Pennsylvania, a closed chemical plant in Pennsylvania and a former phosphorous processing and recovery facility in Tennessee.
Environmental Costs
Occidental’s costs, some of which may include estimates, relating to compliance with environmental laws and regulations, are shown below for each segment:
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Operating Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and Gas |
| $ | 108 |
| $ | 95 |
| $ | 65 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 80 |
|
| 73 |
|
| 67 |
|
|
| $ | 188 |
| $ | 168 |
| $ | 132 |
|
Capital Expenditures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and Gas |
| $ | 59 |
| $ | 55 |
| $ | 43 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 14 |
|
| 25 |
|
| 21 |
|
|
| $ | 73 |
| $ | 80 |
| $ | 64 |
|
Remediation Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate |
| $ | 107 |
| $ | 47 |
| $ | 62 |
|
Operating expenses are incurred on a continual basis. Capital expenditures relate to longer-lived improvements in currently operating facilities. Remediation expenses relate to existing conditions caused by past operations and do not contribute to current or future revenue generation. Although total costs may vary in any one year, over the long term, segment operating and capital expenditures for environmental compliance generally are expected to increase.
Occidental presently estimates that capital expenditures for environmental compliance will be approximately $91 million for 2008 and $93 million for 2009.
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FOREIGN INVESTMENTS
Portions of Occidental’s assets are located outside of North America. At December 31, 2007, the carrying value of Occidental’s assets in countries outside North America aggregated approximately $10.0 billion, or approximately 28 percent of Occidental’s total assets at that date. Of such assets, approximately $5.9 billion are located in the Middle East/North Africa and approximately $4.1 billion are located in Latin America. For the year ended December 31, 2007, net sales outside North America totaled $6.3 billion, or approximately 33 percent of total net sales.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
The process of preparing financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires the management of Occidental to make estimates and judgments regarding certain items and transactions. It is possible that materially different amounts could be recorded if these estimates and judgments change or if the actual results differ from these estimates and judgments. Occidental considers the following to be its most critical accounting policies and estimates that involve the judgment of Occidental’s management. There has been no material change to these policies over the past three years. The selection and development of these critical accounting policies and estimates have been discussed with the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.
Oil and Gas Properties
Occidental uses the successful efforts method to account for its oil and gas properties. Under this method, costs of acquiring properties, costs of drilling successful exploration wells and development costs are capitalized. The costs of exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending a determination of whether proved reserves have been found. At the completion of drilling activities, the costs of exploratory wells remain capitalized if a determination is made that proved reserves have been found. If no proved reserves have been found, the costs of each of the related exploratory wells are charged to expense. In some cases, a determination of proved reserves cannot be made at the completion of drilling, requiring additional testing and evaluation of the wells. Occidental's practice is to expense the costs of such exploratory wells if a determination of proved reserves has not been made within a twelve-month period after drilling is complete. Occidental has no proved oil and gas reserves for which the determination of commercial viability is subject to the completion of major additional capital expenditures.
Annual lease rentals and geological, geophysical and seismic costs are expensed as incurred.
Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas and NGLs that geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, can be recovered in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions considering future production and development costs.
Several factors could change Occidental’s recorded oil and gas reserves. Occidental receives a share of production from PSCs to recover its costs and an additional share for profit. Occidental’s share of production and reserves from these contracts decreases when oil prices rise and increases when oil prices decline. Overall, Occidental’s net economic benefit from these contracts is greater at higher oil prices. In other contractual arrangements, sustained lower product prices may lead to a situation where production of proved reserves becomes uneconomical. Estimation of future production and development costs is also subject to change partially due to factors beyond Occidental's control, such as energy costs and inflation or deflation of oil field service costs. These factors, in turn, could lead to changes in the quantity of recorded proved reserves. An additional factor that could result in a change of proved reserves is the reservoir decline rates differing from those estimated when the reserves were initially recorded. Occidental's revisions to proved reserves were negative for 2007 and amounted to approximately 3 percent of the total reserves for the year. Occidental’s revisions to proved reserves were positive for 2006 and amounted to less than 1 percent of the total reserves for the year. In 2005, revisions to proved reserves were negative and amounted to less than 1 percent of the total reserves for the year. Occidental's revisions to proved reserves have been positive for seven of the last ten years. Additionally, Occidental is required to perform impairment tests pursuant to Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144, generally when prices decline other than temporarily, reserve estimates change significantly or other significant events occur that may impact the ability to realize the recorded asset amounts.
If Occidental’s consolidated oil and gas reserves were to change based on the factors mentioned above, the most significant impact would be on the DD&A rate. For example, a 5-percent increase in the amount of consolidated oil and gas reserves would change the rate from $9.61 per barrel to $9.13 per barrel, which would increase pre-tax income by $100 million annually. A 5-percent decrease in the oil and gas reserves would change the rate from $9.61 per barrel to $10.09 per barrel and would result in a decrease in pre-tax income of $100 million annually.
DD&A of oil and gas producing properties is determined by the unit-of-production method and could change with revisions to estimated proved reserves. The change in the DD&A rate over the past three years due to revisions of previous proved reserve estimates has been immaterial.
A portion of the carrying value of Occidental’s oil and gas properties is attributable to unproved properties. At December 31, 2007, the capitalized costs attributable to unproved properties, net of accumulated valuation allowance, were $1.4 billion. The unproved amounts are not subject to DD&A or impairment until a determination is made as to the existence of proven reserves. As exploration and development work progresses, if reserves on these properties are proven, capitalized costs attributable to the properties will be subject to depreciation and depletion. If the exploration and development work were to be unsuccessful, the capitalized costs of the properties related to this unsuccessful work would be expensed in the year in which the determination was made. The timing of any
26
writedowns of these unproven properties, if warranted, depends upon the nature, timing and extent of future exploration and development activities and their results. Occidental believes its exploration and development efforts will allow it to realize the unproved property balance.
Chemical Assets
The most critical accounting policy affecting Occidental’s chemical assets is the determination of the estimated useful lives of its PP&E. Occidental's chemical plants are depreciated using either the unit-of-production or straight-line method, based upon the estimated useful life of the facilities. The estimated useful lives of Occidental’s chemical assets, which range from 3 years to 50 years, are used to compute depreciation expense and are also used for impairment tests. The estimated useful lives used for the chemical facilities are based on the assumption that Occidental will provide an appropriate level of annual expenditures to ensure productive capacity is sustained. Without these continued expenditures, the useful lives of these plants could significantly decrease. Other factors that could change the estimated useful lives of Occidental’s chemical plants include sustained higher or lower product prices, which are particularly affected by both domestic and foreign competition, feedstock costs, energy prices, environmental regulations and technological changes.
Occidental performs impairment tests on its assets, per SFAS No. 144, whenever events or changes in circumstances lead to a reduction in the estimated useful lives or estimated future cash flows that would indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable, or when management’s plans change with respect to those assets.
Occidental's net PP&E for chemicals is approximately $2.6 billion and its depreciation expense for 2008 is expected to be approximately $320 million. If the estimated useful lives of Occidental’s chemical plants were to decrease based on the factors mentioned above, the most significant impact would be on depreciation expense. For example, a reduction in the remaining useful lives of one year would increase depreciation and reduce pre-tax earnings by approximately $16 million per year.
Environmental Liabilities and Expenditures
Environmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed or capitalized as appropriate. Reserves for estimated costs that relate to existing conditions caused by past operations and that do not contribute to current or future revenue generation are recorded when environmental remedial efforts are probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. In determining the reserves and the reasonably possible range of loss, Occidental refers to currently available information, including relevant past experience, available technology, regulations in effect, the timing of remediation and cost-sharing arrangements. The environmental reserves are based on management’s estimate of the most likely cost to be incurred and are reviewed periodically and adjusted as additional or new information becomes available. Environmental reserves are recorded on a discounted basis only when a reserve is initially established and the aggregate amount of the estimated costs for a specific site and the timing of cash payments are reliably determinable. The reserve methodology for a specific site is not modified once it has been established. Recoveries and reimbursements are recorded in income when receipt is probable. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, Occidental has not accrued any reimbursements or indemnification recoveries for environmental remediation matters as assets.
Many factors could result in changes to Occidental’s environmental reserves and reasonably possible range of loss. The most significant are:
Ø | The original cost estimate may have been inaccurate. |
Ø | Modified remedial measures might be necessary to achieve the required remediation results. Occidental generally assumes that the remedial objective can be achieved using the most cost-effective technology reasonably expected to achieve that objective. Such technologies may include air sparging or phyto-remediation of shallow groundwater, or limited surface soil removal or in-situ treatment producing acceptable risk assessment results. Should such remedies fail to achieve remedial objectives, more intensive or costly measures may be required. |
Ø | The remedial measure might take more or less time than originally anticipated to achieve the required contaminant reduction. Site-specific time estimates can be affected by factors such as groundwater capture rates, anomalies in subsurface geology, interactions between or among water-bearing zones and non-water-bearing zones, or the ability to identify and control contaminant sources. |
Ø | The regulatory agency might ultimately reject or modify Occidental’s proposed remedial plan and insist upon a different course of action. |
Additionally, other events might occur that could affect Occidental’s future remediation costs, such as:
Ø | The discovery of more extensive contamination than had been originally anticipated. For some sites with impacted groundwater, accurate definition of contaminant plumes requires years of monitoring data and computer modeling. Migration of contaminants may follow unexpected pathways along geologic anomalies that could initially go undetected. Additionally, the size of the area requiring remediation may change based upon risk assessment results following site characterization or interim remedial measures. |
Ø | Improved remediation technology might decrease the cost of remediation. In particular, for groundwater remediation sites with projected long-term operation and maintenance, the development of more effective treatment technology, or acceptance of alternative and more cost-effective treatment methodologies such as bioremediation, could significantly affect remediation costs. |
Ø | Laws and regulations might change to impose more or less stringent remediation requirements. |
27
At sites involving multiple parties, Occidental provides environmental reserves based upon its expected share of liability. When other parties are jointly liable, the financial viability of the parties, the degree of their commitment to participate and the consequences to Occidental of their failure to participate are evaluated when estimating Occidental's ultimate share of liability. Based on these factors, Occidental believes that it will not be required to assume a share of liability of other potentially responsible parties, with whom it is alleged to be jointly liable, in an amount that would have a material effect on Occidental’s consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations.
Most cost sharing arrangements with other parties fall into one of the following three categories:
Category 1: CERCLA or equivalent sites wherein Occidental and other alleged potentially responsible parties share the cost of remediation in accordance with negotiated or prescribed allocations;
Category 2: Oil and gas joint ventures wherein each joint venture partner pays its proportionate share of remedial cost; or
Category 3: Contractual arrangements typically relating to purchases and sales of property wherein the parties to the transaction agree to methods of allocating the costs of environmental remediation.
In all three of these categories, Occidental records as a reserve its expected net cost of remedial activities, as adjusted by recognition for any nonperforming parties.
In addition to the costs of investigating and implementing remedial measures, which often take in excess of ten years at CERCLA sites, Occidental’s reserves include management’s estimates of the cost of operation and maintenance of remedial systems. To the extent that the remedial systems are modified over time in response to significant changes in site-specific data, laws, regulations, technologies or engineering estimates, Occidental reviews and changes the reserves accordingly on a site-specific basis.
If the environmental reserve balance were to either increase or decrease based on the factors mentioned above, the amount of the increase or decrease would be immediately recognized in earnings. For example, if the reserve balance were to decrease by 10 percent, Occidental would record a pre-tax gain of $46 million. If the reserve balance were to increase by 10 percent, Occidental would record an additional remediation expense of $46 million.
Other Loss Contingencies
Occidental is involved with numerous lawsuits, claims, proceedings and audits in the normal course of its operations. Occidental records a loss contingency for these matters when it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In addition, Occidental discloses, in aggregate, its exposure to loss in excess of the amount recorded on the balance sheet for these matters if it is reasonably possible that an additional material loss may be incurred. Occidental reviews its loss contingencies on an ongoing basis so that they are adequately reserved on the balance sheet.
These reserves are based on judgments made by management with respect to the likely outcome of these matters and are adjusted as appropriate. Management’s judgments could change based on new information, changes in laws or regulations, changes in management’s plans or intentions, the outcome of legal proceedings, settlements or other factors.
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING CHANGES
Listed below are significant changes in accounting principles.
Future Accounting Changes
SFAS No. 157
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements." This statement establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Occidental is currently assessing the effect of SFAS No. 157 on its financial statements.
SFAS No. 159
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." This statement provides entities the option to measure certain financial instruments at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Occidental is currently assessing the effect of SFAS No. 159 on its financial statements.
EITF Issue No. 07-1
In December 2007, the FASB finalized the provisions of the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 07-1, "Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements." This EITF Issue provides guidance and requires financial statement disclosures for collaborative arrangements. EITF Issue No. 07-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Occidental is currently assessing the effect of EITF Issue No. 07-1 on its financial statements but it is not expected to be material.
SFAS No. 141(R)
In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), "Business Combinations." This statement provides new accounting guidance and disclosure requirements for business combinations. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for business combinations which occur in the first fiscal year beginning on or after December 15, 2008.
SFAS No. 160
In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 160, "Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of ARB No. 51." This statement provides new accounting guidance and disclosure and presentation requirements for noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary. SFAS No. 160 is effective for the first fiscal year beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Occidental is currently assessing the effect of SFAS No. 160 on its financial statements.
28
Recently Adopted Accounting Changes
FIN No. 48
In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109." This interpretation specifies that benefits from tax positions should be recognized in the financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the appropriate taxing authority having full knowledge of all relevant information. A tax position meeting the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be measured at the largest amount of benefit for which the likelihood of realization upon ultimate settlement exceeds 50 percent. Occidental adopted FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007.
The following table shows the effect of adopting FIN No. 48 on the consolidated balance sheet at January 1, 2007 (in millions):
|
| Debit/(Credit) | ||
Domestic and foreign income taxes – Current |
| $ | 140 |
|
Deferred and other domestic and foreign income taxes |
| $ | (8 | ) |
Deferred credits and other liabilities – Other |
| $ | 100 |
|
Minority interest |
| $ | (13 | ) |
Retained earnings |
| $ | (219 | ) |
FSP AUG AIR-1
In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) AUG AIR-1, "Accounting for Planned Major Maintenance Activities," which is effective for the first fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2006. This FSP prohibits the use of the accrue-in-advance method of accounting for planned major maintenance activities, which was used by certain operations of Occidental. When Occidental adopted FSP AUG AIR-1 on January 1, 2007, those operations changed to the deferral method of accounting for planned major maintenance activities. The adoption of FSP AUG AIR-1 was retrospectively applied to all periods presented and the impact to the income statements for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was immaterial.
The following table shows the effects of adopting FSP AUG AIR-1 on the consolidated balance sheet at January 1, 2007 (in millions):
|
| Debit/(Credit) | ||
Prepaid expenses and other |
| $ | 1 |
|
Property, plant and equipment, net |
| $ | (16 | ) |
Other assets |
| $ | 91 |
|
Accrued liabilities |
| $ | 43 |
|
Deferred and other domestic and foreign income taxes |
| $ | (40 | ) |
Minority interest |
| $ | (11 | ) |
Retained earnings |
| $ | (68 | ) |
SFAS No. 158
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, "Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans—an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)." This statement requires an employer to recognize the overfunded or underfunded amounts of its defined benefit pension and postretirement plans as an asset or liability and recognize changes in the funded status of these plans in the year in which the changes occur through other comprehensive income (OCI), if they are not recognized in the income statement. The statement also requires a company to use the date of its fiscal year-end to measure the plans. The recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 158 are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. The requirement to use the fiscal year-end as the measurement date is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008. Occidental adopted this statement on December 31, 2006, and recorded an additional liability of $233 million and a reduction of accumulated OCI, deferred tax liabilities, other assets and minority interest of $168 million, $104 million, $42 million and $3 million, respectively.
DERIVATIVE ACTIVITIES AND MARKET RISK
General
Occidental's market risk exposures relate primarily to commodity prices. Occidental has entered into derivative instrument transactions to reduce these price fluctuations. A derivative is an instrument that, among other characteristics, derives its value from changes in another instrument or variable.
In general, the fair value recorded for derivative instruments is based on quoted market prices, dealer quotes and the Black Scholes or similar valuation models.
Commodity Price Risk
General
Occidental’s results are sensitive to fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas prices. Based on current levels of production, if oil prices vary overall by $1 per barrel, it would have an estimated annual effect on pre-tax income of approximately $151 million. If domestic natural gas prices vary by $0.50 per Mcf, it would have an estimated annual effect on pre-tax income of approximately $96 million. If production levels change in the future, the sensitivity of Occidental’s results to oil and gas prices also would change.
Occidental’s results are also sensitive to fluctuations in chemical prices; however, changes in cost usually offset part of the effect of price changes on margins. If chlorine and caustic soda prices vary by $10/ton, it would have a pre-tax annual effect on income of approximately $15 million and $30 million, respectively. If PVC prices vary by $.01/lb, it would have a pre-tax annual effect on income of approximately $30 million. If ethylene dichloride (EDC) prices vary by $10/ton, it would have a pre-tax annual effect on income of approximately $5 million. Historically, product price changes either precede or follow raw material and feedstock product price changes; therefore, the margin improvement of price changes can be mitigated. According to Chemical Market Associates, Inc., December 2007 average contract prices were: chlorine—$323/ton, caustic soda—$498/ton, PVC—$0.67/lb and EDC—$310/ton.
Marketing and Trading Operations
Occidental periodically uses different types of derivative instruments to achieve the best prices for oil and gas. Derivatives have been used by Occidental to reduce its exposure to price volatility and to mitigate fluctuations in commodity-related cash flows. Occidental enters into low-risk marketing and trading activities through its separate marketing organization, which operates under established policy controls and procedures. With respect to derivatives used in its oil and gas marketing operations, Occidental utilizes a
29
combination of futures, forwards, options and swaps to offset various physical transactions. Occidental's use of derivatives in marketing and trading activities relates primarily to managing cash flows from third-party purchases, which includes Occidental’s periodic gas storage activities.
Risk Management
Occidental conducts its risk management activities for energy commodities (which include buying, selling, marketing, trading, and hedging activities) under the controls and governance of its Risk Control Policy. The President and Chief Financial Officer and the Risk Management Committee, comprising members of Occidental's management, oversee these controls, which are implemented and enforced by the Trading Control Officer. The Trading Control Officer provides an independent and separate check on results of marketing and trading activities. Controls for energy commodities include limits on value at risk, limits on credit, limits on trading, segregation of duties, delegation of authority and a number of other policy and procedural controls.
Fair Value of Marketing and Trading Derivative Contracts
The following tables reconcile the changes in the net fair value of Occidental’s marketing and trading contracts, a portion of which are hedges, during 2007 and 2006, and segregate the open contracts at December 31, 2007 by maturity periods.
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
Fair value of contracts outstanding at |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
beginning of year – unrealized losses |
| $ | (355 | ) | $ | (457 | ) |
Losses on contracts realized or otherwise |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
settled during the year |
|
| 106 |
|
| 106 |
|
Changes in fair value attributable to changes in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
valuation techniques and assumptions |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Losses or other changes in fair value |
|
| (327 | ) (a) |
| (4 | ) |
Fair value of contracts outstanding at end of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year – unrealized losses |
| $ | (576 | ) | $ | (355 | ) |
(a) | Primarily relates to price changes on existing production hedges. |
|
| Maturity Periods |
|
|
|
| ||||||||||
Source of Fair Value – unrealized (losses) gains |
| 2008 |
| 2009 to 2010 |
| 2011 to 2012 |
| 2013 and thereafter |
| Total Fair Value |
| |||||
Prices actively quoted |
| $ | 131 |
| $ | 7 |
| $ | 4 |
| $ | 2 |
| $ | 144 |
|
Prices provided by |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
other external |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
sources |
|
| 1 |
|
| 3 |
|
| (3 | ) |
| (2 | ) |
| (1 | ) |
Prices based on |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
models and other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
valuation methods (a) |
|
| (233 | ) |
| (337 | ) |
| (149 | ) |
| — |
|
| (719 | ) |
Total |
| $ | (101 | ) | $ | (327 | ) | $ | (148 | ) | $ | — |
| $ | (576 | ) |
(a) | The underlying prices utilized for the fair value calculations of the options are based on monthly NYMEX published prices. These prices are entered into an industry standard options pricing model to determine fair value. |
Production Hedges
In 2005, Occidental entered into a series of fixed price swaps and collar agreements that qualify as cash-flow hedges for the sale of a portion of its crude oil production. Additionally, Occidental acquired oil and gas fixed price and basis swaps with the Vintage acquisition. The fixed price swaps and the basis swaps expired in 2007. The collar agreements continue to the end of 2011. The 2007 volume that was hedged was less than 3 percent of Occidental’s 2007 crude oil and natural gas production. Information about these cash-flow hedges, which are included in the total fair value of ($576) million in the table above, is presented in a tabular presentation below as of December 31, 2007 (volumes in thousands of barrels):
|
| Crude Oil – Collars |
| ||||
|
| Daily Volume |
| Average Floor |
| Average Cap |
|
2008 |
| 14 |
| $34.07 |
| $47.47 |
|
2009 |
| 13 |
| $33.15 |
| $47.41 |
|
2010 |
| 12 |
| $33.00 |
| $46.35 |
|
2011 |
| 12 |
| $32.92 |
| $46.27 |
|
($ millions) |
| Crude Oil – Collars |
|
Fair value liability |
| ($715) |
|
Quantitative Information
Occidental uses value at risk to estimate the potential effects of changes in fair values of commodity-based derivatives and commodity contracts used in marketing and trading activities. This method determines the maximum potential negative short-term change in fair value with a 95-percent level of confidence. The marketing and trading value at risk was immaterial during all of 2007.
Interest Rate Risk
General
Occidental's exposure to changes in interest rates relates primarily to its long-term debt obligations. In 2005, Occidental terminated all of its interest-rate swaps that were accounted for as fair-value hedges. These hedges had effectively converted approximately $1.7 billion of fixed-rate debt to variable-rate debt. The fair value of the swaps at termination resulted in a gain of approximately $20 million, which was recorded into income when the debt was paid in 2005 and 2006. The amount of interest expense recorded in the income statement was lower, as a result of the swaps and recognition of the gain, by approximately $13 million and $21 million for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
30
Tabular Presentation of Interest Rate Risk
In millions of U.S. dollars, except rates
The table below provides information about Occidental's debt obligations which are sensitive to changes in interest rates. Debt amounts represent principal payments by maturity date.
Year of Maturity |
| U.S. Dollar Fixed-Rate Debt |
| U.S. Dollar Variable-Rate Debt |
| Grand Total (a) | |||
2008 |
| $ | 35 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 35 |
2009 |
|
| 96 |
|
| 588 |
|
| 684 |
2010 |
|
| 239 |
|
| — |
|
| 239 |
2011 |
|
| — |
|
| 68 |
|
| 68 |
2012 |
|
| 368 |
|
| — |
|
| 368 |
2013 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
Thereafter |
|
| 337 |
|
| 46 |
|
| 383 |
Total |
| $ | 1,075 |
| $ | 702 |
| $ | 1,777 |
Average interest rate |
|
| 7.10% |
|
| 5.35% |
|
| 6.41% |
Fair Value |
| $ | 1,189 |
| $ | 702 |
| $ | 1,891 |
(a) | Excludes unamortized net discounts of $1 million. |
Credit Risk
Occidental’s energy contracts are spread among several counterparties. Creditworthiness is reviewed before doing business with a new counterparty and on an ongoing basis. Occidental monitors aggregated counterparty exposure relative to credit limits. Credit exposure for each customer is monitored for outstanding balances, current month activity, and forward mark-to-market exposure. Losses associated with credit risk have been immaterial for all years presented.
Foreign Currency Risk
A few of Occidental’s foreign operations have currency risk. Occidental manages its exposure primarily by balancing monetary assets and liabilities and maintaining cash positions in foreign currencies only at levels necessary for operating purposes. Most international crude oil sales are denominated in U.S. dollars. Additionally, all of Occidental’s consolidated foreign oil and gas subsidiaries have the U.S. dollar as the functional currency. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, Occidental had not entered into any foreign currency derivative instruments. The effect of exchange rates on transactions in foreign currencies is included in periodic income and is immaterial.
SAFE HARBOR DISCUSSION REGARDING OUTLOOK AND OTHER FORWARD-LOOKING DATA
Portions of this report, including Items 1 and 2 and the information appearing under the caption "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations," including the information under the sub captions "Strategy," "Oil and Gas Segment — Industry Outlook," and "Chemical Segment — Industry Outlook," contain forward-looking statements and involve risks and uncertainties that could materially affect expected results of operations, liquidity, cash flows and business prospects. Words such as "estimate," "project," "predict," "will," "would," "could," "may," "might," "anticipate," "plan," "intend," "believe," "expect" or similar expressions that convey the uncertainty of future events or outcomes generally identify forward-looking statements. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. Unless legally required, Occidental does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise. Certain of the risks that may affect Occidental’s results of operations and financial position appear in Part I, Item 1A "Risk Factors."
31
ITEM 8 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
MANAGEMENT'S ANNUAL ASSESSMENT OF AND REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
The management of Occidental Petroleum Corporation and subsidiaries (Occidental) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Occidental’s system of internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Occidental’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of Occidental’s assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that Occidental’s receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of Occidental’s management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of Occidental’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management has assessed the effectiveness of Occidental’s internal control system as of December 31, 2007 based on the criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting described in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, management believes that, as of December 31, 2007, Occidental’s system of internal control over financial reporting is effective.
Occidental’s independent auditors, KPMG LLP, have issued an attestation report on Occidental’s internal control over financial reporting.
32
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Occidental Petroleum Corporation:
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Occidental Petroleum Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007. In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we also have audited the accompanying financial statement schedule. These consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Occidental Petroleum Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.
As explained in Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2007, the Company changed its method of accounting for uncertain tax positions; effective December 31, 2006, the Company changed its method of accounting for defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans; and effective July 1, 2005, the Company changed its method of accounting for share-based payments.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Occidental Petroleum Corporation and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated February 22, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Los Angeles, California
February 22, 2008
33
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
Occidental Petroleum Corporation:
We have audited Occidental Petroleum Corporation and subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Assessment of and Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, Occidental Petroleum Corporation and its subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Occidental Petroleum Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders’ equity, comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2007, and our report dated February 22, 2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Los Angeles, California
February 22, 2008
34
Consolidated Statements of Income In millions, except per-share amounts | Occidental Petroleum Corporation and Subsidiaries |
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
REVENUES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
| $ | 18,784 |
| $ | 17,175 |
| $ | 14,153 |
|
Interest, dividends and other income |
|
| 355 |
|
| 381 |
|
| 181 |
|
Gains on disposition of assets, net |
|
| 874 |
|
| 118 |
|
| 870 |
|
|
|
| 20,013 |
|
| 17,674 |
|
| 15,204 |
|
COSTS AND OTHER DEDUCTIONS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of sales (excludes depreciation, depletion and amortization of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$2,338 in 2007, $1,978 in 2006 and $1,334 in 2005) |
|
| 6,627 |
|
| 6,192 |
|
| 5,336 |
|
Selling, general and administrative and other operating expenses |
|
| 1,561 |
|
| 1,356 |
|
| 1,310 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
| 2,379 |
|
| 2,008 |
|
| 1,372 |
|
Environmental remediation |
|
| 107 |
|
| 47 |
|
| 62 |
|
Exploration expense |
|
| 422 |
|
| 296 |
|
| 310 |
|
Interest and debt expense, net |
|
| 339 |
|
| 291 |
|
| 293 |
|
|
|
| 11,435 |
|
| 10,190 |
|
| 8,683 |
|
INCOME BEFORE TAXES AND OTHER ITEMS |
|
| 8,578 |
|
| 7,484 |
|
| 6,521 |
|
Provision for domestic and foreign income and other taxes |
|
| 3,507 |
|
| 3,354 |
|
| 1,841 |
|
Minority interest |
|
| 75 |
|
| 111 |
|
| 74 |
|
Income from equity investments |
|
| (82 | ) |
| (183 | ) |
| (232 | ) |
INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS |
|
| 5,078 |
|
| 4,202 |
|
| 4,838 |
|
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| 322 |
|
| (11 | ) |
| 452 |
|
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 3 |
|
NET INCOME |
| $ | 5,400 |
| $ | 4,191 |
| $ | 5,293 |
|
BASIC EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations |
| $ | 6.08 |
| $ | 4.93 |
| $ | 6.00 |
|
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| 0.39 |
|
| (0.01 | ) |
| 0.56 |
|
BASIC EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE |
| $ | 6.47 |
| $ | 4.92 |
| $ | 6.56 |
|
DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations |
| $ | 6.05 |
| $ | 4.88 |
| $ | 5.91 |
|
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| 0.39 |
|
| (0.01 | ) |
| 0.56 |
|
DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE |
| $ | 6.44 |
| $ | 4.87 |
| $ | 6.47 |
|
DIVIDENDS PER COMMON SHARE |
| $ | 0.94 |
| $ | 0.80 |
| $ | 0.645 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
35
Consolidated Balance Sheets In millions | Occidental Petroleum Corporation and Subsidiaries |
Assets at December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
CURRENT ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
| $ | 1,964 |
| $ | 1,339 |
|
Short-term investments |
|
| — |
|
| 240 |
|
Trade receivables, net of reserves of $35 in 2007 and $15 in 2006 |
|
| 4,973 |
|
| 2,825 |
|
Receivables from joint ventures, partnerships and other |
|
| 416 |
|
| 499 |
|
Inventories |
|
| 910 |
|
| 825 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other |
|
| 332 |
|
| 257 |
|
Assets of discontinued operations |
|
| — |
|
| 184 |
|
Total current assets |
|
| 8,595 |
|
| 6,169 |
|
LONG-TERM RECEIVABLES, NET |
|
| 203 |
|
| 231 |
|
INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES |
|
| 783 |
|
| 1,344 |
|
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas segment, successful efforts method |
|
| 33,951 |
|
| 29,696 |
|
Chemical segment |
|
| 5,049 |
|
| 5,063 |
|
Corporate and other |
|
| 916 |
|
| 721 |
|
|
|
| 39,916 |
|
| 35,480 |
|
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization |
|
| (13,638 | ) |
| (11,342 | ) |
|
|
| 26,278 |
|
| 24,138 |
|
OTHER ASSETS |
|
| 660 |
|
| 549 |
|
TOTAL ASSETS |
| $ | 36,519 |
| $ | 32,431 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
36
Consolidated Balance Sheets In millions, except share and per-share amounts | Occidental Petroleum Corporation and Subsidiaries |
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity at December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current maturities of long-term debt and notes payable |
| $ | 47 |
| $ | 171 |
|
Accounts payable |
|
| 4,263 |
|
| 2,263 |
|
Accrued liabilities |
|
| 1,399 |
|
| 1,532 |
|
Dividends payable |
|
| 212 |
|
| 188 |
|
Domestic and foreign income taxes |
|
| 227 |
|
| 396 |
|
Liabilities of discontinued operations |
|
| 118 |
|
| 145 |
|
Total current liabilities |
|
| 6,266 |
|
| 4,695 |
|
LONG-TERM DEBT, NET OF CURRENT MATURITIES AND UNAMORTIZED NET DISCOUNT/PREMIUM |
|
| 1,741 |
|
| 2,619 |
|
DEFERRED CREDITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred and other domestic and foreign income taxes |
|
| 2,324 |
|
| 2,366 |
|
Long-term liabilities of discontinued operations |
|
| 174 |
|
| 195 |
|
Other |
|
| 3,156 |
|
| 2,952 |
|
|
|
| 5,654 |
|
| 5,513 |
|
CONTINGENT LIABILITIES AND COMMITMENTS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MINORITY INTEREST |
|
| 35 |
|
| 352 |
|
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock, $.20 par value; authorized 1.1 billion shares; |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
outstanding shares: 2007 — 877,123,937 and 2006 — 870,678,608 |
|
| 175 |
|
| 174 |
|
Treasury stock: 2007 — 51,388,016 shares and 2006 — 30,760,490 shares |
|
| (2,610 | ) |
| (1,481 | ) |
Additional paid-in capital |
|
| 7,071 |
|
| 6,905 |
|
Retained earnings |
|
| 18,819 |
|
| 13,987 |
|
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
|
| (632 | ) |
| (333 | ) |
|
|
| 22,823 |
|
| 19,252 |
|
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |
| $ | 36,519 |
| $ | 32,431 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
37
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity In millions | Occidental Petroleum Corporation and Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Accumulated |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Additional |
|
|
|
| Other |
| ||
|
| Common |
| Treasury |
| Paid-in |
| Retained |
| Comprehensive |
| |||||
|
| Stock (a) |
| Stock |
| Capital (a) |
| Earnings (b) |
| Income(Loss) |
| |||||
Balance, December 31, 2004 |
| $ | 159 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 4,572 |
| $ | 5,711 |
| $ | 155 |
|
Net income |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 5,293 |
|
| — |
|
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (528 | ) |
Dividends on common stock |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (520 | ) |
| — |
|
Issuance of common stock |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 16 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Exercises of options and other, net |
|
| 2 |
|
| — |
|
| 239 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Purchases of treasury stock |
|
| — |
|
| (8 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Balance, December 31, 2005 |
| $ | 161 |
| $ | (8 | ) | $ | 4,827 |
| $ | 10,484 |
| $ | (373 | ) |
Net income |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 4,191 |
|
| — |
|
Pension and postretirement adjustments, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
net of tax |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (168 | ) |
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 208 |
|
Dividends on common stock |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (688 | ) |
| — |
|
Issuance of common stock |
|
| 11 | (c) |
| — |
|
| 2,064 | (d) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
Exercises of options and other, net |
|
| 2 |
|
| — |
|
| 14 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Purchases of treasury stock |
|
| — |
|
| (1,473 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Balance, December 31, 2006 |
| $ | 174 |
| $ | (1,481 | ) | $ | 6,905 |
| $ | 13,987 |
| $ | (333 | ) |
Net income |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 5,400 |
|
| — |
|
Uncertain tax positions adjustment |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 219 |
|
| — |
|
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (299 | ) |
Dividends on common stock |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (787 | ) |
| — |
|
Issuance of common stock |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 94 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Exercises of options and other, net |
|
| 1 |
|
| — |
|
| 72 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Purchases of treasury stock |
|
| — |
|
| (1,129 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Balance, December 31, 2007 |
| $ | 175 |
| $ | (2,610 | ) | $ | 7,071 |
| $ | 18,819 |
| $ | (632 | ) |
(a) | Restated to reflect a two-for-one stock split effected as a 100-percent stock dividend in August 2006. See Note 1 for further information. |
(b) | Restated to reflect adoption of FSP AUG AIR-1. See Note 3 for further information. |
(c) | Amount represents stock issued for the Vintage acquisition. |
(d) | Includes $2,054 for stock issued for the Vintage acquisition. |
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
In millions
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Net income |
| $ | 5,400 |
| $ | 4,191 |
| $ | 5,293 |
|
Other comprehensive income(loss) items: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign currency translation adjustments (a) |
|
| 14 |
|
| 5 |
|
| (13 | ) |
Derivative mark-to-market adjustments (b) |
|
| (182 | ) |
| 88 |
|
| (330 | ) |
Pension and postretirement adjustments (c) |
|
| (13 | ) |
| (3 | ) |
| (1 | ) |
Reclassification of realized gains (d) |
|
| (217 | ) |
| (59 | ) |
| (463 | ) |
Unrealized gains on securities (e) |
|
| 99 |
|
| 177 |
|
| 279 |
|
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax |
|
| (299 | ) |
| 208 |
|
| (528 | ) |
Comprehensive income |
| $ | 5,101 |
| $ | 4,399 |
| $ | 4,765 |
|
(a) | Net of tax of $0, $0 and $13 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
(b) | Net of tax of $103, $50 and $188 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
(c) | Net of tax of $8, $1 and $0 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
(d) | Net of tax of $124, $34 and $264 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Amounts represent the recognition of the 2007 gain on the sale of the remaining Lyondell Chemical Company (Lyondell) shares, the 2006 gain on the partial sale of Lyondell shares and the 2005 gain due to Valero Energy Corporation’s (Valero) acquisition of Premcor, Inc. (Premcor) and the subsequent sale of the Valero shares. |
(e) | Net of tax of $56, $102 and $165 in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
38
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows In millions | Occidental Petroleum Corporation and Subsidiaries |
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
| $ | 5,400 |
| $ | 4,191 |
| $ | 5,293 |
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discontinued Operations, net |
|
| (322 | ) |
| 11 |
|
| (452 | ) |
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (3 | ) |
Depreciation, depletion and amortization of assets |
|
| 2,379 |
|
| 2,008 |
|
| 1,372 |
|
Reversal of tax reserves |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (954 | ) |
Deferred income tax provision (benefit) |
|
| 35 |
|
| 98 |
|
| (54 | ) |
Other noncash charges to income |
|
| 887 |
|
| 588 |
|
| 812 |
|
Gains on disposition of assets, net |
|
| (874 | ) |
| (118 | ) |
| (870 | ) |
Income from equity investments |
|
| (82 | ) |
| (183 | ) |
| (232 | ) |
Dry hole and impairment expense |
|
| 247 |
|
| 115 |
|
| 216 |
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Increase in accounts and notes receivable |
|
| (2,219 | ) |
| (85 | ) |
| (659 | ) |
Increase in inventories |
|
| (71 | ) |
| (64 | ) |
| (126 | ) |
Increase in prepaid expenses and other assets |
|
| (96 | ) |
| (161 | ) |
| (73 | ) |
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
|
| 1,807 |
|
| (191 | ) |
| 514 |
|
(Decrease) increase in current domestic and foreign income taxes |
|
| (73 | ) |
| (44 | ) |
| 200 |
|
Other operating, net |
|
| (358 | ) |
| (234 | ) |
| (244 | ) |
Operating cash flow from continuing operations |
|
| 6,660 |
|
| 5,931 |
|
| 4,740 |
|
Operating cash flow from discontinued operations |
|
| 138 |
|
| 422 |
|
| 597 |
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
| 6,798 |
|
| 6,353 |
|
| 5,337 |
|
CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital expenditures |
|
| (3,497 | ) |
| (2,987 | ) |
| (2,295 | ) |
Sale of assets, net |
|
| 509 |
|
| 982 |
|
| 185 |
|
Purchase of assets, net |
|
| (1,381 | ) |
| (2,545 | ) |
| (2,126 | ) |
Purchase of short-term investments |
|
| (10 | ) |
| (177 | ) |
| (185 | ) |
Sale of short-term investments |
|
| 250 |
|
| 190 |
|
| 183 |
|
Sales of equity investments and available-for-sale investments |
|
| 1,157 |
|
| 251 |
|
| 1,122 |
|
Equity investments and other, net |
|
| (145 | ) |
| (74 | ) |
| 83 |
|
Investing cash flow from continuing operations |
|
| (3,117 | ) |
| (4,360 | ) |
| (3,033 | ) |
Investing cash flow from discontinued operations |
|
| (11 | ) |
| (23 | ) |
| (128 | ) |
Net cash used by investing activities |
|
| (3,128 | ) |
| (4,383 | ) |
| (3,161 | ) |
CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from long-term debt |
|
| 127 |
|
| 173 |
|
| 236 |
|
Payments of long-term debt and capital lease liabilities |
|
| (1,291 | ) |
| (1,066 | ) |
| (1,134 | ) |
Proceeds from issuance of common stock |
|
| 17 |
|
| 7 |
|
| 13 |
|
Purchases of treasury stock |
|
| (1,129 | ) |
| (1,473 | ) |
| (8 | ) |
Redemption of preferred stock |
|
| (75 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
Cash dividends paid |
|
| (765 | ) |
| (646 | ) |
| (483 | ) |
Stock options exercised |
|
| 28 |
|
| 46 |
|
| 126 |
|
Excess tax benefits related to share-based payments |
|
| 43 |
|
| 140 |
|
| 36 |
|
Other financing, net |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 28 |
|
Financing cash flow from continuing operations |
|
| (3,045 | ) |
| (2,819 | ) |
| (1,186 | ) |
Financing cash flow from discontinued operations |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (1 | ) |
Net cash used by financing activities |
|
| (3,045 | ) |
| (2,819 | ) |
| (1,187 | ) |
Increase (Decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
|
| 625 |
|
| (849 | ) |
| 989 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents — beginning of year |
|
| 1,339 |
|
| 2,188 |
|
| 1,199 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents — end of year |
| $ | 1,964 |
| $ | 1,339 |
| $ | 2,188 |
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
39
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | Occidental Petroleum Corporation and Subsidiaries |
NOTE 1 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
NATURE OF OPERATIONS
In this report, the term "Occidental" or "the Company" refers to Occidental Petroleum Corporation (OPC) and/or one or more entities where it owns a majority voting interest (subsidiaries). Occidental is a multinational organization whose principal business segments are operated by its oil and gas subsidiaries and affiliates and chemical subsidiaries and affiliates. The subsidiaries and other affiliates in the oil and gas segment explore for, develop, produce and market crude oil, natural gas liquids (NGL) and natural gas. The subsidiaries and other affiliates in the chemical segment (OxyChem) manufacture and market basic chemicals, vinyls and performance chemicals.
On August 1, 2006, Occidental effected a two-for-one stock split in the form of a stock dividend to stockholders of record as of that date with distribution of the shares on August 15, 2006. The total number of authorized shares of common stock and associated par value per share were unchanged by this action. All share and per-share amounts discussed and disclosed in this Annual Report on Form 10-K reflect the effect of the stock split.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of OPC, its subsidiaries, variable-interest entities (VIE) in which it is the primary beneficiary and its undivided interests in oil and gas exploration and production ventures. Occidental's proportionate share of oil and gas exploration and production ventures, in which it has a direct working interest, is accounted for by reporting its proportionate share of assets, liabilities, revenues, costs and cash flows within the relevant lines on the balance sheets, income statements and cash flow statements.
In addition, certain financial statements, notes and supplementary data for prior years have been reclassified to conform to the 2007 presentation.
INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES
Investments in unconsolidated entities include both equity method and available-for-sale investments. Amounts representing Occidental’s percentage interest in the underlying net assets of affiliates (excluding undivided interests in oil and gas exploration and production ventures) in which it does not have a majority voting interest but as to which it exercises significant influence, are accounted for under the equity method. Occidental reviews equity method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that an other-than-temporary decline in value has occurred. The amount of impairment, if any, is based on quoted market prices, where available, or other valuation techniques, including discounted cash flows.
Investments in which Occidental does not exercise significant influence are accounted for as available-for-sale investments and are carried at fair value, based on quoted market prices, with unrealized gains and losses reported in other comprehensive income (OCI), net of taxes, until such investment is realized. Upon disposal, the accumulated unrealized gain or loss included in OCI is transferred to income.
REVENUE RECOGNITION
Revenue is recognized from oil and gas production when title has passed to the customer, which occurs when the product is shipped. Revenue from marketing and trading activities is recognized on settled transactions upon completion of contract terms, and for physical deliveries upon title transfer. For unsettled transactions, contracts that meet specified accounting criteria are marked-to-market. Revenue from all marketing and trading activities, including revenue from buy/sell arrangements with the same counterparty, is reported on a net basis.
Revenue from chemical product sales is recognized when the product is shipped and title has passed to the customer. Prices are fixed at the time of shipment. Certain incentive programs may provide for payments or credits to be made to customers based on the volume of product purchased over a defined period. Total customer incentive payments over a given period are estimated and recorded as a reduction to revenue ratably over the contract period. Such estimates are evaluated and revised as warranted.
Occidental records revenue net of taxes that are assessed by governmental authorities on Occidental's customers.
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The process of preparing consolidated financial statements in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) requires the use of estimates and assumptions regarding certain types of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. Such estimates primarily relate to unsettled transactions and events as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. Accordingly, upon settlement, actual results may differ from estimated amounts, but generally not by material amounts. Management believes that these estimates and assumptions provide a reasonable basis for the fair presentation of Occidental’s financial position and results of operations.
40
Included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet are deferred tax assets of $1.7 billion as of December 31, 2007, the noncurrent portion of which is netted against deferred income tax liabilities. Realization of these assets is dependent upon Occidental generating sufficient future taxable income. Occidental expects to realize the recorded deferred tax assets through future operating income and reversal of temporary differences.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include assets of approximately $10.0 billion as of December 31, 2007, and net sales of approximately $6.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2007, relating to Occidental’s operations in countries outside North America. Occidental operates some of its oil and gas business in countries that occasionally have experienced political instability, armed conflict, civil unrest, security problems, restrictions on production equipment imports and sanctions that prevent continued operations, all of which increase Occidental's risk of loss or delayed or restricted production or may result in other adverse consequences. Occidental attempts to conduct its financial affairs so as to mitigate its exposure against such risks and would seek compensation in the event of nationalization.
Since Occidental’s major products are commodities, significant changes in the prices of oil and gas and chemical products may have a significant impact on Occidental’s results of operations for any particular year.
Also, see "Property, Plant and Equipment" below.
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
Cash equivalents are short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to cash. Cash equivalents totaled approximately $2.0 billion and $1.3 billion at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
Occidental’s short-term investments consist of highly liquid debt securities (auction-rate securities) classified as available-for-sale. Short-term investments are marked-to-market with any unrealized gains or losses included in accumulated other comprehensive income/loss (AOCI). Occidental sold all of its short-term investments in 2007.
INVENTORIES
For the oil and gas segment, materials and supplies are valued at the lower of average cost or market. Inventories are reviewed periodically for obsolescence. Crude oil and NGLs inventories and natural gas trading and storage inventory are valued at the lower of cost or market.
For the chemical segment, Occidental generally values its inventories using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method as it better matches current costs and current revenue. Accordingly, Occidental accounts for most of its domestic inventories in its chemical business, other than materials and supplies, on the LIFO method. For other countries, Occidental uses the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method (if the costs of goods are specifically identifiable) or the average-cost method (if the costs of goods are not specifically identifiable). Occidental accounts for materials and supplies using a weighted average cost method.
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Oil and Gas
Property additions and major renewals and improvements are capitalized at cost. Interest costs incurred in connection with major capital expenditures are capitalized and amortized over the lives of the related assets (see Note 16).
Occidental uses the successful efforts method to account for its oil and gas properties. Under this method, costs of acquiring properties, costs of drilling successful exploration wells and development costs are capitalized. The costs of exploratory wells are initially capitalized pending a determination of whether proved reserves have been found. At the completion of drilling activities, the costs of exploratory wells remain capitalized if a determination is made that proved reserves have been found. If no proved reserves have been found, the costs of each of the related exploratory wells are charged to expense. In some cases, a determination of proved reserves cannot be made at the completion of drilling, requiring additional testing and evaluation of the wells. Occidental's practice is to expense the costs of such exploratory wells if a determination of proved reserves has not been made within a twelve-month period after drilling is complete. Occidental has no proved oil and gas reserves for which the determination of commercial viability is subject to the completion of major additional capital expenditures. Annual lease rentals and geological, geophysical and seismic costs are expensed as incurred.
The following table summarizes the activity of capitalized exploratory well costs for the past three years:
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Balance — Beginning of Year |
| $ | 46 |
| $ | 46 |
| $ | 5 |
|
Additions to capitalized exploratory well costs pending the determination of proved |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
reserves |
|
| 18 |
|
| 24 |
|
| 46 |
|
Reclassifications to property, plant and equipment based on the determination of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
proved reserves |
|
| (5 | ) |
| (23 | ) |
| (2 | ) |
Capitalized exploratory well costs charged to expense |
|
| (42 | ) |
| (1 | ) |
| (3 | ) |
Balance — End of Year |
| $ | 17 |
| $ | 46 |
| $ | 46 |
|
41
Proved oil and gas reserves are the estimated quantities of crude oil, natural gas, and NGLs that geological and engineering data demonstrate, with reasonable certainty, can be recovered in future years from known reservoirs under existing economic and operating conditions considering future production and development costs. Depreciation and depletion of oil and gas producing properties is determined by the unit-of-production method.
The carrying value of Occidental’s property, plant and equipment (PP&E) is based on the cost incurred to acquire the PP&E, net of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization (DD&A) and net of any impairment charges. For acquisitions of a business, PP&E cost is determined by an allocation of total purchase price to the components of PP&E based on their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. Occidental is required to perform impairment tests on its assets whenever events or changes in circumstances lead to a reduction in the estimated useful lives or estimated future cash flows that would indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable, or when management’s plans change with respect to those assets. Occidental assesses assets for impairment by comparing undiscounted future cash flows of an asset to its carrying value. Impaired assets are written down to their estimated fair values, generally their estimated discounted future net pre-tax cash flows.
A portion of the carrying value of Occidental’s oil and gas properties is attributable to unproved properties. At December 31, 2007, the net capitalized costs attributable to unproved properties were $1.4 billion. During 2007, approximately $190 million of the unproved property amount was moved to proved properties. The unproved amounts are not subject to DD&A or impairment until a determination is made as to the existence of proven reserves. As exploration and development work progresses, if reserves on these properties are proven, capitalized costs attributable to the properties will be subject to depreciation and depletion. If the exploration and development work were to be unsuccessful, the capitalized costs of the properties related to this unsuccessful work would be expensed in the year in which the determination was made. The timing of any writedowns of these unproven properties, if warranted, depends upon the nature, timing and extent of future exploration and development activities and their results. Occidental believes its exploration and development efforts will allow it to realize the unproved property balance.
Chemical
Occidental’s chemical plants are depreciated using either the unit-of-production or straight-line method, based upon the estimated useful life of the facilities.
The estimated useful lives of Occidental’s chemical assets, which range from 3 years to 50 years, are used to compute depreciation expense and are also used for impairment tests. The estimated useful lives used for the chemical facilities are based on the assumption that Occidental will provide an appropriate level of annual expenditures to ensure productive capacity is sustained. Without these continued expenditures, the useful lives of these plants could significantly decrease. Other factors that could change the estimated useful lives of Occidental’s chemical plants include sustained higher or lower product prices, which are particularly affected by both domestic and foreign competition, feedstock costs, energy prices, environmental regulations and technological changes.
Occidental performs impairment tests on its assets, per Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 144, whenever events or changes in circumstances lead to a reduction in the estimated useful lives or estimated future cash flows that would indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable, or when management’s plans change with respect to those assets.
In 2005, subsequent to the purchase of the Vulcan Materials Company (Vulcan) chemical assets, Occidental reviewed all of its chemical assets and decided to close its least competitive plants and upgrade the remaining operations. As a result of this review, Occidental recorded a $139 million pre-tax charge for the write-off of two previously idled chemical plants and one operating plant and an additional pre-tax charge of $20 million for the write-down of another chemical plant in 2005.
ACCRUED LIABILITIES — CURRENT
Accrued liabilities include accrued payroll, commissions and related expenses of $288 million and $277 million at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITIES AND EXPENDITURES
Environmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed or capitalized as appropriate. Reserves for estimated costs that relate to existing conditions caused by past operations and that do not contribute to current or future revenue generation are recorded when environmental remedial efforts are probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. In determining the reserves and the reasonably possible range of loss, Occidental refers to currently available information, including relevant past experience, available technology, regulations in effect, the timing of remediation and cost-sharing arrangements. The environmental reserves are based on management’s estimate of the most likely cost to be incurred and are reviewed periodically and adjusted as additional or new information becomes available. Environmental reserves are recorded on a discounted basis only when a reserve is initially established and the aggregate amount of the estimated costs for a specific site and the timing of cash payments are reliably determinable. The reserve methodology for a specific site is not modified once it has been established. Recoveries and reimbursements are recorded in income when receipt is probable. As of December 31, 2007 and 2006, Occidental has not accrued any reimbursements or indemnification recoveries for environmental remediation matters as assets.
42
Many factors could result in changes to Occidental’s environmental reserves and reasonably possible range of loss. The most significant are:
Ø | The original cost estimate may have been inaccurate. |
Ø | Modified remedial measures might be necessary to achieve the required remediation results. Occidental generally assumes that the remedial objective can be achieved using the most cost-effective technology reasonably expected to achieve that objective. Such technologies may include air sparging or phyto-remediation of shallow groundwater, or limited surface soil removal or in-situ treatment producing acceptable risk assessment results. Should such remedies fail to achieve remedial objectives, more intensive or costly measures may be required. |
Ø | The remedial measure might take more or less time than originally anticipated to achieve the required contaminant reduction. Site-specific time estimates can be affected by factors such as groundwater capture rates, anomalies in subsurface geology, interactions between or among water-bearing zones and non-water-bearing zones, or the ability to identify and control contaminant sources. |
Ø | The regulatory agency might ultimately reject or modify Occidental’s proposed remedial plan and insist upon a different course of action. |
Additionally, other events might occur that could affect Occidental’s future remediation costs, such as:
Ø | The discovery of more extensive contamination than had been originally anticipated. For some sites with impacted groundwater, accurate definition of contaminant plumes requires years of monitoring data and computer modeling. Migration of contaminants may follow unexpected pathways along geologic anomalies that could initially go undetected. Additionally, the size of the area requiring remediation may change based upon risk assessment results following site characterization or interim remedial measures. |
Ø | Improved remediation technology might decrease the cost of remediation. In particular, for groundwater remediation sites with projected long-term operation and maintenance, the development of more effective treatment technology, or acceptance of alternative and more cost-effective treatment methodologies such as bioremediation, could significantly affect remediation costs. |
Ø | Laws and regulations might change to impose more or less stringent remediation requirements. |
At sites involving multiple parties, Occidental provides environmental reserves based upon its expected share of liability. When other parties are jointly liable, the financial viability of the parties, the degree of their commitment to participate and the consequences to Occidental of their failure to participate are evaluated when estimating Occidental's ultimate share of liability. Based on these factors, Occidental believes that it will not be required to assume a share of liability of other potentially responsible parties, with whom it is alleged to be jointly liable, in an amount that would have a material effect on Occidental’s consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations.
Most cost sharing arrangements with other parties fall into one of the following three categories:
Category 1: Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) or equivalent sites wherein Occidental and other alleged potentially responsible parties share the cost of remediation in accordance with negotiated or prescribed allocations;
Category 2: Oil and gas joint ventures wherein each joint venture partner pays its proportionate share of remedial cost; or
Category 3: Contractual arrangements typically relating to purchases and sales of property wherein the parties to the transaction agree to methods of allocating the costs of environmental remediation.
In all three of these categories, Occidental records as a reserve its expected net cost of remedial activities, as adjusted by recognition for any nonperforming parties.
In addition to the costs of investigating and implementing remedial measures, which often take in excess of ten years at CERCLA sites, Occidental’s reserves include management’s estimates of the cost of operation and maintenance of remedial systems. To the extent that the remedial systems are modified over time in response to significant changes in site-specific data, laws, regulations, technologies or engineering estimates, Occidental reviews and changes the reserves accordingly on a site-specific basis.
ASSET RETIREMENT OBLIGATIONS
In the period in which an asset retirement obligation is incurred or becomes reasonably estimable, Occidental recognizes the fair value of the liability if there is a legal obligation to dismantle the asset and reclaim or remediate the property at the end of its useful life. The liability amounts are based on future retirement cost estimates and incorporate many assumptions such as expected economic recoveries of oil and gas, time to abandonment, future inflation rates and the adjusted risk-free rate of interest. When the liability is initially recorded, Occidental capitalizes the cost by increasing the related PP&E balances. Over time, the liability is increased and expense is recognized for the change in its present value, and the initial capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the asset. No market risk premium has been included in Occidental’s liability since no reliable estimate can be made at this time.
43
Occidental has identified conditional asset retirement obligations at a certain number of its facilities that are related mainly to plant decommissioning. Under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. (FIN) 47, which Occidental adopted on December 31, 2005, Occidental was required to record the fair value of these conditional liabilities if they could be reasonably estimated. However, Occidental believes that there is an indeterminate settlement date for these asset retirement obligations because the range of time over which Occidental may settle these obligations is unknown or cannot be estimated. Therefore, Occidental cannot reasonably estimate the fair value of these liabilities. Occidental will recognize these conditional asset retirement obligations in the periods in which sufficient information becomes available to reasonably estimate their fair values.
The following table summarizes the activity of the asset retirement obligation, of which $445 million and $346 million is included in deferred credits and other liabilities - other, with the remaining current portion in accrued liabilities at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
For the years ended December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
Beginning balance |
| $ | 362 |
| $ | 222 |
|
Liabilities incurred |
|
| 31 |
|
| 33 |
|
Liabilities settled |
|
| (17 | ) |
| (13 | ) |
Accretion expense |
|
| 23 |
|
| 19 |
|
Acquisitions and other |
|
| 9 |
|
| 62 |
|
Revisions to estimated cash flows |
|
| 63 |
|
| 39 |
|
Ending balance |
| $ | 471 |
| $ | 362 |
|
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS
All derivative instruments required to be marked-to-market under SFAS No. 133, as amended, are carried at fair value. Cash flow hedge realized gains and losses, and any ineffectiveness, are classified within the net sales line item. Gains and losses are netted in the income statement and are netted on the balance sheets when a right of offset exists.
Occidental applies either fair value or cash flow hedge accounting when transactions meet specified criteria for hedge accounting treatment. If the derivative does not qualify as a hedge or is not designated as a hedge, the gain or loss is immediately recognized in earnings. If the derivative qualifies for hedge accounting and is designated and documented as a hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative is either recognized in income with an offsetting adjustment to the basis of the item being hedged for fair value hedges, or deferred in OCI to the extent the hedge is effective for cash flow hedges.
A hedge is regarded as highly effective and qualifies for hedge accounting if, at inception and throughout its life, it is expected that changes in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item are almost fully offset by the changes in the fair value or changes in cash flows of the hedging instrument and actual effectiveness is within a range of 80 to 125 percent. In the case of hedging a forecasted transaction, the transaction must be highly probable and must present an exposure to variations in cash flows that could ultimately affect reported net income or loss. Occidental discontinues hedge accounting when it determines that a derivative has ceased to be highly effective as a hedge; when the derivative expires, or is sold, terminated, or exercised; when the hedged item matures or is sold or repaid; when a forecasted transaction is no longer deemed highly probable; or when the derivative is no longer designated as a hedge.
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FAIR VALUE
Occidental values financial instruments as required by SFAS No. 107, "Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments." The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents approximate fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments. The carrying value of other on-balance-sheet financial instruments, other than fixed-rate debt, approximates fair value, and the cost, if any, to terminate off-balance-sheet financial instruments is not significant.
STOCK-BASED INCENTIVE PLANS
Occidental has established several shareholder-approved stock-based incentive plans for certain employees (Plans) that are more fully described in Note 12. Beginning July 1, 2005, Occidental accounted for those Plans under SFAS No. 123(R), "Share Based Payments." Prior to July 1, 2005, Occidental applied the Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees," intrinsic value accounting method for its stock-based incentive plans. A summary of Occidental’s accounting policy under each method follows below.
SFAS No. 123(R)
For restricted stock units (RSUs), performance restricted share units (PRSUs) and cash-settled share units (CSSUs), compensation expense is measured on the grant date using the quoted market price of Occidental’s common stock. For stock options (Options), stock-settled stock appreciation rights (SARs), performance stock awards (PSAs) and total shareholder return incentives (TSRIs), compensation expense is measured on the grant date using valuation models. Compensation expense for RSUs, PRSUs, Options, stock-settled SARs, CSSUs, PSAs and TSRIs, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service periods, which is generally over the awards’ respective vesting or performance periods. For the PSAs and TSRIs, every quarter until vesting, the cash-settled portion is revalued using valuation models and the stock-settled portion is adjusted for any change in the number of shares
44
expected to be issued based on the performance criteria. For the PRSUs, compensation expense is adjusted for any change in the number of shares expected to be issued based on the performance criteria. For CSSUs, changes in fair value of the market price of Occidental common stock between the grant date and the date of vesting are recognized as compensation expense. For cash-settled SARs issued prior to the adoption of SFAS 123(R), compensation expense is initially measured on the grant date using a valuation model and then is recorded on the accelerated amortization method over the vesting period. Changes in the fair value between the date of grant and the date when the cash-settled SARs are exercised are recognized as compensation expense. Occidental recognizes compensation expense for all graded vesting awards issued subsequent to the adoption of SFAS 123(R) on the straight-line method.
APB Opinion No. 25
Through June 30, 2005, compensation expense for Options and RSUs, if any, was measured as the difference between the quoted market price of Occidental's stock at the grant date, less the amount that the employee must pay to acquire the stock. Any compensation expense for these awards was recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting periods of the respective awards. For PSAs, compensation expense was measured for each period based on the number of shares expected to vest and the changes in the quoted market value of Occidental's stock during the vesting period. Compensation expense or benefit for PSAs, as applicable, was recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting periods of the awards. Compensation expense for SARs, which was recorded on the accelerated amortization method over the vesting period, was measured as the amount by which the quoted market value of Occidental's stock exceeded the SAR exercise price. The effect of changes in Occidental's share price between the date of grant and the date when the SARs were exercised or expired was recognized as compensation expense in each period.
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash payments for continuing operations, net of refunds, during the years 2007, 2006 and 2005 included federal, foreign and state income taxes of approximately $2.177 billion, $2.130 billion and $1.736 billion, respectively. Net cash payments for federal, foreign and state income taxes paid by discontinued operations during the years 2007, 2006 and 2005 were $17 million, $102 million and $108 million, respectively. Interest paid (net of interest capitalized) totaled approximately $248 million, $211 million and $253 million for the years 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. (See Note 2 for detail of noncash investing and financing activities regarding certain acquisitions.)
FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSACTIONS
The functional currency applicable to all of Occidental’s foreign oil and gas operations is the U.S. dollar since cash flows are denominated principally in U.S. dollars. Occidental’s chemical operations in Brazil use the Real as the functional currency. Exchange-rate changes on transactions denominated in non-U.S. dollar functional currencies generated losses of $18 million in 2007, zero in 2006 and $9 million in 2005.
NOTE 2 BUSINESS COMBINATIONS AND ASSET ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS
2007
In January 2007, Occidental sold its 50-percent joint venture interest in Russia for an after-tax gain of approximately $412 million.
In June 2007, Occidental completed a fair value exchange under which BP p.l.c. (BP) acquired Occidental's oil and gas interests in Horn Mountain and received cash. Occidental acquired oil and gas interests in the Permian Basin and a gas processing plant in Texas from BP. Occidental also purchased for cash BP's west Texas pipeline system and, in a separate transaction, Occidental sold its oil and gas interests in Pakistan to BP. As a result of these transactions, both the Horn Mountain and Pakistan operations were classified as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Net revenues and pre-tax income for discontinued operations related to Pakistan and Horn Mountain were $193 million and $469 million (including after-tax disposal gains of $230 million) in 2007, $486 million and $359 million in 2006 and $444 million and $306 million in 2005. The assets and liabilities of Horn Mountain and Pakistan are classified as assets of discontinued operations and liabilities of discontinued operations on the consolidated balance sheet. At December 31, 2006, asset and liabilities of discontinued operations related to Horn Mountain and Pakistan were $162 million and $14 million, respectively, which were mainly comprised of PP&E and asset retirement obligations.
In September 2007, Occidental sold exploration properties in West Africa and recorded a pre-tax gain of $103 million.
2006
In January 2006, Occidental completed the merger of Vintage into a wholly owned Occidental subsidiary. As a result, Occidental acquired assets in Argentina, California, Yemen, Bolivia and the Permian Basin in Texas. Occidental paid approximately $1.3 billion in cash to former Vintage shareholders, issued approximately 56 million shares of Occidental common stock, which were valued at $2.1 billion, and assumed Vintage’s debt, which had an estimated fair market value of $585 million at closing.
45
The acquisition was accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations." The results of Vintage’s operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements since January 30, 2006. The assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The estimated fair value of PP&E consisted of $3.4 billion of proved properties and $1.3 billion of unproved properties. No goodwill was recorded on this transaction. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price to Vintage’s assets and liabilities:
Balance at January 30, (in millions) |
| 2006 | |
Other current assets |
| $ | 336 |
Assets of discontinued operations |
|
| 1,001 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |
|
| 4,712 |
Other non-current assets |
|
| 11 |
Total Assets Acquired |
| $ | 6,060 |
Other current liabilities |
| $ | 278 |
Liabilities of discontinued operations |
|
| 30 |
Long-term debt, net |
|
| 585 |
Deferred income taxes |
|
| 1,606 |
Other long-term liabilities |
|
| 155 |
Total Liabilities Assumed |
| $ | 2,654 |
Net Assets Acquired |
| $ | 3,406 |
Certain Vintage assets and their related liabilities were classified as held for sale as part of the allocation of the purchase price as Occidental intended at the time of acquisition to divest these assets, which were subsequently sold in 2006 for $1.0 billion with no gain or loss recorded. The results of operations for the assets that were held for sale and sold are not included in the revenue, cost or production amounts and were treated as discontinued operations. Net revenues and pre-tax income for discontinued operations related to these Vintage assets for the year ended December 31, 2006, were $869 million and $237 million, respectively.
The following unaudited pro forma summary presents the consolidated results of operations as if the acquisition of Vintage had occurred at the beginning of each year:
For the years ended December 31, (in millions) (unaudited) |
| 2006 |
| 2005 | ||
Pro Forma Results of Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
| $ | 17,741 |
| $ | 15,856 |
Net income |
| $ | 4,157 |
| $ | 5,386 |
Basic earnings per common share |
| $ | 4.88 |
| $ | 6.24 |
Diluted earnings per common share |
| $ | 4.83 |
| $ | 6.16 |
The unaudited pro forma data presented above use estimates and assumptions based on information currently available, and are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations of Occidental that would have occurred had such acquisition actually been consummated as of the beginning of the years presented, nor are they necessarily indicative of future results of operations.
In May 2006, Ecuador terminated Occidental's contract for the operation of Block 15, which comprised all of its oil producing operations in the country, and seized Occidental's Block 15 assets. As a result of the seizure, Occidental classified its Block 15 operations as discontinued operations. In 2006, Occidental recorded a net after-tax charge of $296 million in discontinued operations. This amount consists of after-tax charges for the write-off of the investment in Block 15 in Ecuador, as well as ship-or-pay obligations entered into with respect to the Oleoducto de Crudos Pesados Ltd. (OCP) pipeline in Ecuador to ship oil produced in Block 15, partially offset by $109 million after-tax income from operations for the first five months of 2006.
Occidental’s Block 15 assets and liabilities are classified as assets and liabilities of discontinued operations on the consolidated balance sheet on a retrospective application basis. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, liabilities of discontinued operations related to Ecuador were $292 million and $321 million, respectively, which mainly consisted of the ship or pay obligations to the OCP pipeline. Net revenues and pre-tax income (loss) for discontinued operations related to Ecuador for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 were $275 million and $(529) million, including a pre-tax write-off of $(673) million, and $611 million and $325 million, respectively.
In September 2006, Occidental acquired oil and gas assets located in the Permian Basin in West Texas and California from Plains Exploration and Production Co. (Plains) for approximately $859 million in cash.
46
2005
In 2005, Occidental made several oil and gas producing property acquisitions in the Permian Basin for approximately $1.7 billion in cash. This was partially offset by cash proceeds totaling $171 million from dispositions of a portion of the acquired properties. No gain or loss was recorded for these dispositions.
In 2005, Occidental signed an agreement with the Libya National Oil Corporation which allowed it to re-enter the country and participate in exploration and production operations in the Sirte Basin, which it left in 1986 pursuant to United States law. This re-entry agreement allowed Occidental to return to its Libyan operations on generally the same terms in effect when activities were suspended. Occidental’s rights in the producing fields extend through 2009 and early 2010.
In July 2005, Occidental signed a new production-sharing contract (PSC) for the Mukhaizna oil field with the Government of the Sultanate of Oman. Under the terms of the new PSC, Occidental took over field operations on September 1, 2005, for a cost of $137 million. Occidental holds a 45-percent working interest.
In June 2005, Occidental completed the purchase of three basic chemical manufacturing facilities from Vulcan for $214 million in cash, plus contingent payments based upon the future performance of these facilities and the assumption of certain liabilities. In order to facilitate receipt of regulatory approval for this acquisition, Occidental divested one of the facilities.
NOTE 3 ACCOUNTING CHANGES
FUTURE ACCOUNTING CHANGES
SFAS No. 157
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements." This statement establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Occidental is currently assessing the effect of SFAS No. 157 on its financial statements.
SFAS No. 159
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities." This statement provides entities the option to measure certain financial instruments at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. Occidental is currently assessing the effect of SFAS No. 159 on its financial statements.
EITF Issue No. 07-1
In December 2007, the FASB finalized the provisions of the Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 07-1, "Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements." This EITF Issue provides guidance and requires financial statement disclosures for collaborative arrangements. EITF Issue No. 07-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. Occidental is currently assessing the effect of EITF Issue No. 07-1 on its financial statements but it is not expected to be material.
SFAS No. 141(R)
In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R), "Business Combinations." This statement provides new accounting guidance and disclosure requirements for business combinations. SFAS No. 141(R) is effective for business combinations which occur in the first fiscal year beginning on or after December 15, 2008.
SFAS No. 160
In December 2007, FASB issued SFAS No. 160, "Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements – an amendment of ARB No. 51." This statement provides new accounting guidance and disclosure and presentation requirements for noncontrolling interests in a subsidiary. SFAS No. 160 is effective for the first fiscal year beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Occidental is currently assessing the effect of SFAS No. 160 on its financial statements.
RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING CHANGES
FIN No. 48
In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109." This interpretation specifies that benefits from tax positions should be recognized in the financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained upon examination by the appropriate taxing authority having full knowledge of all relevant information. A tax position meeting the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be measured at the largest amount of benefit for which the likelihood of realization upon ultimate settlement exceeds 50 percent. Occidental adopted FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007. See Note 10 for further information.
47
FSP AUG AIR-1
In September 2006, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position (FSP) AUG AIR-1, "Accounting for Planned Major Maintenance Activities," which is effective for the first fiscal year beginning after December 15, 2006. This FSP prohibits the use of the accrue-in-advance method of accounting for planned major maintenance activities, which was used by certain operations of Occidental. When Occidental adopted FSP AUG AIR-1 on January 1, 2007, those operations changed to the deferral method of accounting for planned major maintenance activities. The adoption of FSP AUG AIR-1 was retrospectively applied to all periods presented and the impact to the income statements for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was immaterial.
The following table shows the effects of adopting FSP AUG AIR-1 on the consolidated balance sheet at January 1, 2007 (in millions):
|
| Debit/(Credit) | ||
Prepaid expenses and other |
| $ | 1 |
|
Property, plant and equipment, net |
| $ | (16 | ) |
Other assets |
| $ | 91 |
|
Accrued liabilities |
| $ | 43 |
|
Deferred and other domestic and foreign income taxes |
| $ | (40 | ) |
Minority interest |
| $ | (11 | ) |
Retained earnings |
| $ | (68 | ) |
SFAS No. 158
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, "Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans—an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)." This statement requires an employer to recognize the overfunded or underfunded amounts of its defined benefit pension and postretirement plans as an asset or liability and recognize changes in the funded status of these plans in the year in which the changes occur through other comprehensive income (OCI), if they are not recognized in the income statement. The statement also requires a company to use the date of its fiscal year-end to measure the plans. The recognition and disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 158 are effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2006. The requirement to use the fiscal year-end as the measurement date is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2008. Occidental adopted this statement on December 31, 2006, and recorded an additional liability of $233 million and a reduction of accumulated OCI, deferred tax liabilities, other assets and minority interest of $168 million, $104 million, $42 million and $3 million, respectively.
NOTE 4 INVENTORIES
Inventories of approximately $190 million and $204 million were valued under the LIFO method at December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Inventories consisted of the following:
Balance at December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
Raw materials |
| $ | 92 |
| $ | 70 |
|
Materials and supplies |
|
| 349 |
|
| 304 |
|
Finished goods |
|
| 571 |
|
| 525 |
|
|
|
| 1,012 |
|
| 899 |
|
LIFO reserve |
|
| (102 | ) |
| (74 | ) |
Total |
| $ | 910 |
| $ | 825 |
|
48
NOTE 5 LONG-TERM DEBT
Long-term debt consisted of the following:
Balance at December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
Occidental Petroleum Corporation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.75% senior notes due 2012 |
| $ | 368 |
| $ | 368 |
|
4.25% medium-term senior notes due 2010 |
|
| 227 |
|
| 227 |
|
8.45% senior notes due 2029 |
|
| 116 |
|
| 328 |
|
9.25% senior debentures due 2019 |
|
| 116 |
|
| 265 |
|
10.125% senior debentures due 2009 |
|
| 96 |
|
| 222 |
|
7.2% senior debentures due 2028 |
|
| 82 |
|
| 200 |
|
8.75% medium-term notes due 2023 |
|
| 22 |
|
| 76 |
|
11.125% senior notes due 2010 |
|
| 12 |
|
| 12 |
|
8.1% medium-term notes due 2008 |
|
| 10 |
|
| 10 |
|
4% medium-term senior notes due 2007 |
|
| — |
|
| 146 |
|
|
|
| 1,049 |
|
| 1,854 |
|
Subsidiary Debt |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dolphin Energy Ltd. loans due 2009 (5.78% as of December 31, 2007 and 5.76% as of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2006) (a) |
|
| 588 |
|
| 473 |
|
2.95% to 6.3% unsecured notes due 2008 through 2018 |
|
| 140 |
|
| 171 |
|
8.25% Vintage senior notes due 2012 |
|
| — |
|
| 276 |
|
|
|
| 1,777 |
|
| 2,774 |
|
Less: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unamortized (discount) premium, net |
|
| (1 | ) |
| 16 |
|
Current maturities |
|
| (35 | ) |
| (171 | ) |
Total |
| $ | 1,741 |
| $ | 2,619 |
|
(a) | The Dolphin Energy Ltd. loans include Occidental’s portion of the bridge loan and financing facility. |
In September 2006, Occidental amended and restated its $1.5 billion bank credit (Credit Facility) to, among other things, lower the interest rate and extend the term to September 2011. In September 2007, participating lenders extended the maturity date on $1.4 billion of aggregate loan commitments under the Credit Facility to September 2012. The Credit Facility provides for the termination of the loan commitments and requires immediate repayment of any outstanding amounts if certain events of default occur or if Occidental files for bankruptcy. Occidental did not draw down any amounts under the Credit Facility during 2007. Available but unused lines of committed bank credit totaled approximately $1.5 billion at December 31, 2007.
None of Occidental's committed bank credits contain material adverse change (MAC) clauses or debt rating triggers that could restrict Occidental's ability to borrow under these lines. Occidental's credit facilities and debt agreements do not contain rating triggers that could terminate bank commitments or accelerate debt in the event of a ratings downgrade. Up to $350 million of the Credit Facility is available in the form of letters of credit. Borrowings under the Credit Facility bear interest at various benchmark rates, including LIBOR, plus a margin based on Occidental's senior debt ratings. Additionally, Occidental paid an annual facility fee of 0.06 percent in 2007 on the total commitment amount, which was based on Occidental's senior debt ratings.
In May 2007, Occidental redeemed all $276 million outstanding principal amount of its 8.25-percent Vintage Petroleum, LLC (Vintage) senior notes due 2012. In January 2007, Occidental completed cash tender offers for its 10.125-percent senior debentures due 2009, 9.25-percent senior debentures due 2019, 8.75-percent medium-term notes due 2023, 7.2-percent senior debentures due 2028 and 8.45-percent senior notes due 2029, resulting in the repurchase of a portion of these debt instruments totaling $659 million in principal amount. The redemption and repurchases resulted in a pre-tax interest expense of $167 million.
In 2006, Occidental recorded $35 million of pre-tax charges to redeem all of its outstanding 7.375-percent senior notes due 2008 and all of its 7.875-percent Vintage senior subordinated notes due 2011 and to purchase in the open market and retire various amounts of Occidental and Vintage senior notes and unsecured subsidiary notes.
In 2005, Occidental recorded $42 million of pre-tax interest charges to redeem all of its outstanding 5.875-percent senior notes, 4.101-percent medium-term senior notes and 7.65-percent senior notes and to purchase in the open market and retire various amounts of Occidental senior notes and unsecured subsidiary notes.
At December 31, 2007, minimum principal payments on long-term debt subsequent to December 31, 2007, aggregated $1,777 million, of which $35 million is due in 2008, $684 million in 2009, $239 million in 2010, $68 million in 2011, $368 million in 2012, zero in 2013 and $383 million thereafter.
At December 31, 2007, under the most restrictive covenants of certain financing agreements, Occidental's capacity for additional unsecured borrowing was approximately $54.8 billion and the capacity for the payment of cash dividends and other distributions on, and for acquisitions of, Occidental’s capital stock was approximately $20.8 billion, assuming that such dividends, distributions and acquisitions were made without incurring additional borrowings.
49
Occidental estimates the fair value of its long-term debt based on the quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or on the yields offered to Occidental for debt of similar rating and similar remaining maturities. The estimated fair values of Occidental’s debt, at December 31, 2007 and 2006, were approximately $1.9 billion and $3.1 billion, respectively, compared with carrying values of approximately $1.8 billion and $2.8 billion, respectively.
NOTE 6 LEASE COMMITMENTS
The present value of minimum capital lease payments, net of the current portion, totaled $25 million at both December 31, 2007 and 2006. These amounts are included in other liabilities.
Operating and capital lease agreements, which include leases for manufacturing facilities, office space, railcars and tanks, frequently include renewal and/or purchase options and require Occidental to pay for utilities, taxes, insurance and maintenance expense.
At December 31, 2007, future net minimum lease payments for capital and noncancelable operating leases (excluding oil and gas and other mineral leases, utilities, taxes, insurance and maintenance expense) were the following:
In millions |
| Capital |
| Operating | (a) | ||
2008 |
| $ | 1 |
| $ | 199 |
|
2009 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 112 |
|
2010 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 99 |
|
2011 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 77 |
|
2012 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 58 |
|
Thereafter |
|
| 32 |
|
| 708 |
|
Total minimum lease payments |
|
| 37 |
| $ | 1,253 |
|
Less: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Imputed interest |
|
| (12 | ) |
|
|
|
Present value of minimum capital lease payments, net of current portion |
| $ | 25 |
|
|
|
|
(a) | At December 31, 2007, sublease rental amounts included in the future operating lease payments totaled $52 million, as follows (in millions): 2008—$8, 2009—$10, 2010—$8, 2011—$8, 2012—$8 and thereafter—$10. |
Rental expense for operating leases, net of sublease rental income, was $196 million in 2007, $199 million in 2006 and $141 million in 2005. Rental expense was net of sublease income of $7 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
NOTE 7 DERIVATIVE ACTIVITIES
Occidental's market risk exposures relate mainly to commodity prices. Occidental has entered into derivative instrument transactions to reduce these price fluctuations. A derivative is an instrument that, among other characteristics, derives its value from changes in another instrument or variable.
In general, the fair value recorded for derivative instruments is based on quoted market prices, dealer quotes and the Black Scholes or similar valuation models.
COMMODITY PRICE RISK
General
Occidental’s results are sensitive to fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas prices.
Marketing and Trading Operations
Occidental periodically uses different types of derivative instruments to achieve the best prices for oil and gas. Derivatives have been used by Occidental to reduce its exposure to price volatility and mitigate fluctuations in commodity-related cash flows. Occidental enters into low-risk marketing and trading activities through its separate marketing organization, which operates under established policy controls and procedures. With respect to derivatives used in its oil and gas marketing operations, Occidental utilizes a combination of futures, forwards, options and swaps to offset various physical transactions. Occidental's use of derivatives in marketing and trading activities primarily relates to managing cash flows from third-party purchases, which includes Occidental’s periodic gas storage activities.
50
Production Hedges
In 2005, Occidental entered into a series of fixed price swaps and collar agreements that qualify as cash-flow hedges for the sale of a portion of its crude oil production. Additionally, Occidental acquired oil and gas fixed price and basis swaps with the Vintage acquisition. The fixed price swaps and the basis swaps expired in 2007. The collar agreements continue to the end of 2011. The 2007 volume that was hedged was less than 3 percent of Occidental’s 2007 crude oil and natural gas production.
Fair Value of Marketing and Trading Derivative Contracts
The following tables reconcile the changes in the net fair value of Occidental’s marketing and trading contracts, a portion of which are hedges, during 2007 and 2006, and segregate the open contracts at December 31, 2007 by maturity periods.
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
Fair value of contracts outstanding at beginning of year – unrealized losses |
| $ | (355 | ) | $ | (457 | ) |
Losses on contracts realized or otherwise settled during the year |
|
| 106 |
|
| 106 |
|
Changes in fair value attributable to changes in valuation techniques and assumptions |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Losses or other changes in fair values (a) |
|
| (327 | ) |
| (4 | ) |
Fair value of contracts outstanding at end of year – unrealized losses |
| $ | (576 | ) | $ | (355 | ) |
(a) | Primarily relates to price changes on existing production hedges. |
|
| Maturity Periods |
|
|
|
| ||||||||||
Source of Fair Value – unrealized (losses) gains |
| 2008 |
| 2009 to 2010 |
| 2011 to 2012 |
| 2013 and thereafter |
| Total Fair Value |
| |||||
Prices actively quoted |
| $ | 131 |
| $ | 7 |
| $ | 4 |
| $ | 2 |
| $ | 144 |
|
Prices provided by other external sources |
|
| 1 |
|
| 3 |
|
| (3 | ) |
| (2 | ) |
| (1 | ) |
Prices based on models and other valuation methods (a) |
|
| (233 | ) |
| (337 | ) |
| (149 | ) |
| — |
|
| (719 | ) |
Total |
| $ | (101 | ) | $ | (327 | ) | $ | (148 | ) | $ | — |
| $ | (576 | ) |
(a) | The underlying prices utilized for the fair value calculations of the options are based on monthly NYMEX published prices. These prices are entered into an industry standard options pricing model to determine fair value. |
INTEREST RATE RISK
General
Occidental’s exposure to changes in interest rates relates primarily to its long-term debt obligations. In 2005, Occidental terminated all of its interest-rate swaps that were accounted for as fair-value hedges. These hedges had effectively converted approximately $1.7 billion of fixed-rate debt to variable-rate debt. The fair value of the swaps at termination resulted in a gain of approximately $20 million, which was recorded into income when the debt was paid in 2005 and 2006. The amount of interest expense recorded in the income statement was lower, as a result of the swaps and recognition of the gain, by approximately $13 million and $21 million for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively.
CREDIT RISK
Occidental’s energy contracts are spread among several counterparties. Creditworthiness is reviewed before doing business with a new counterparty and on an ongoing basis. Occidental monitors aggregated counterparty exposure relative to credit limits. Credit exposure for each customer is monitored for outstanding balances, current month activity, and forward mark-to-market exposure. Losses associated with credit risk have been immaterial for all years presented.
FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK
A few of Occidental’s foreign operations have currency risk. Occidental manages its exposure primarily by balancing monetary assets and liabilities and maintaining cash positions in foreign currencies only at levels necessary for operating purposes. Most international crude oil sales are denominated in U.S. dollars. Additionally, all of Occidental’s consolidated foreign oil and gas subsidiaries have the U.S. dollar as the functional currency. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, Occidental had not entered into any foreign currency derivative instruments. The effect of exchange rates on transactions in foreign currencies is included in periodic income and is immaterial.
51
DERIVATIVE AND FAIR VALUE DISCLOSURES
The following table shows derivative financial instruments included in the consolidated balance sheets:
Balance at December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
Derivative financial instrument assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Receivables from joint ventures, partnerships and other |
| $ | 177 |
| $ | 248 |
|
Long-term receivables, net |
|
| 35 |
|
| 61 |
|
|
| $ | 212 |
| $ | 309 |
|
Derivative financial instrument liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrued liabilities |
| $ | 278 |
| $ | 291 |
|
Deferred credits and other liabilities – other |
|
| 510 |
|
| 384 |
|
|
| $ | 788 |
| $ | 675 |
|
The following table summarizes net after-tax derivative activity recorded in AOCI:
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
Beginning Balance |
| $ | (259 | ) | $ | (347 | ) |
Gains (losses) from changes in cash flow hedges |
|
| (243 | ) |
| 32 |
|
Losses reclassified to income |
|
| 61 |
|
| 56 |
|
Ending Balance |
| $ | (441 | ) | $ | (259 | ) |
During the next twelve months, Occidental expects that approximately $114 million of net derivative after-tax losses included in AOCI, based on their valuation at December 31, 2007, will be reclassified into earnings. Hedge ineffectiveness did not have a material impact on earnings for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005.
NOTE 8 ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITIES AND EXPENDITURES
Occidental’s operations are subject to stringent federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to improving or maintaining environmental quality. Costs associated with environmental compliance have increased over time and are expected to rise in the future. Environmental expenditures related to current operations are factored into the overall business planning process and are considered an integral part of production in manufacturing quality products responsive to market demand.
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION
The laws that require or address environmental remediation may apply retroactively to past waste disposal practices and releases of substances to the environment. In many cases, the laws apply regardless of fault, legality of the original activities or current ownership or control of sites. OPC or certain of its subsidiaries participate in environmental assessments and cleanups under these laws at currently-owned facilities, previously-owned sites and third-party sites. Also, OPC or certain of its subsidiaries have been involved in a substantial number of governmental and private proceedings involving historical practices at various sites including, in some instances, having been named in proceedings under CERCLA and similar federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws. These proceedings seek funding or performance of remediation and, in some cases, compensation for alleged property damage, punitive damages and civil penalties.
At December 31, 2007, Occidental, through a wholly owned subsidiary, participated in or monitored ongoing or recent assessments, remediation, proceedings or information requests at 163 sites. Thirty-nine of these sites are currently listed or proposed for listing by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency on the National Priorities List. The following table presents Occidental's environmental remediation reserves, the current portion of which is included in accrued liabilities ($69 million in 2007, $79 million in 2006 and $83 million in 2005) and the remainder in deferred credits and other liabilities — other ($388 million in 2007, $333 million in 2006 and $335 million in 2005). The reserves are grouped by three categories of environmental remediation sites:
$ amounts in millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||||||||
|
| Number of Sites |
| Reserve Balance |
| Number of Sites |
| Reserve Balance |
| Number of Sites |
| Reserve Balance |
| |||
CERCLA & equivalent sites |
| 105 |
| $ | 225 |
| 105 |
| $ | 226 |
| 128 |
| $ | 236 |
|
Active facilities |
| 17 |
|
| 99 |
| 21 |
|
| 116 |
| 18 |
|
| 114 |
|
Closed or sold facilities |
| 41 |
|
| 133 |
| 40 |
|
| 70 |
| 39 |
|
| 68 |
|
Total |
| 163 |
| $ | 457 |
| 166 |
| $ | 412 |
| 185 |
| $ | 418 |
|
52
The following table shows environmental reserve activity for the past three years:
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Balance — Beginning of Year |
| $ | 412 |
| $ | 418 |
| $ | 375 |
|
Remediation expenses and interest accretion |
|
| 108 |
|
| 48 |
|
| 63 |
|
Changes from acquisitions/dispositions |
|
| 5 |
|
| 17 |
|
| 45 |
|
Payments |
|
| (68 | ) |
| (71 | ) |
| (71 | ) |
Other |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 6 |
|
Balance — End of Year |
| $ | 457 |
| $ | 412 |
| $ | 418 |
|
Occidental expects to expend funds equivalent to about half of the current environmental reserve over the next four years and the balance over the next ten or more years. Occidental believes it is reasonably possible that it will continue to incur additional liabilities beyond those recorded for environmental remediation at these sites. The range of reasonably possible loss for existing environmental remediation matters could be up to $400 million beyond the amount accrued. For management’s opinion with respect to environmental matters, refer to Note 9.
CERCLA and Equivalent Sites
As of December 31, 2007, OPC or certain of its subsidiaries have been named in 105 CERCLA or equivalent proceedings, as shown below.
Description ($ amounts in millions) |
| Number of Sites |
| Reserve Balance |
| |
Minimal/No exposure (a) |
| 85 |
| $ | 7 |
|
Reserves between $1-10 MM |
| 14 |
|
| 47 |
|
Reserves over $10 MM |
| 6 |
|
| 171 |
|
Total |
| 105 |
| $ | 225 |
|
(a) | Includes 30 sites for which Maxus Energy Corporation has retained the liability and indemnified Occidental, 6 sites where Occidental has denied liability without challenge, 31 sites where Occidental’s reserves are less than $50,000 each, and 18 sites where reserves are between $50,000 and $1 million each. |
The six sites with individual reserves over $10 million in 2007 include a former copper mining and smelting operation in Tennessee, two closed landfills in western New York and groundwater treatment facilities at three closed chemical plants (Montague, Michigan, western New York and Tacoma, Washington).
Active Facilities
Certain subsidiaries of OPC are currently addressing releases of substances from past operations at 17 active facilities. Four assets — a chemical plant in Louisiana, a chemical plant in Kansas and certain oil and gas properties and pipeline systems in the southwestern United States — account for 69 percent of the reserves associated with these facilities.
Closed or Sold Facilities
There are 41 other sites formerly owned or operated by certain subsidiaries of OPC that have ongoing environmental remediation requirements in which OPC or its subsidiaries are involved. Four sites account for 70 percent of the reserves associated with this group. The four sites are: an active refinery in Louisiana where Occidental indemnifies the current owner and operator for certain remedial actions, a water treatment facility at a former coal mine in Pennsylvania, a closed chemical plant in Pennsylvania and a former phosphorous processing and recovery facility in Tennessee.
ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS
Occidental’s costs, some of which may include estimates, relating to compliance with environmental laws and regulations are shown below for each segment:
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Operating Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and Gas |
| $ | 108 |
| $ | 95 |
| $ | 65 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 80 |
|
| 73 |
|
| 67 |
|
|
| $ | 188 |
| $ | 168 |
| $ | 132 |
|
Capital Expenditures |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and Gas |
| $ | 59 |
| $ | 55 |
| $ | 43 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 14 |
|
| 25 |
|
| 21 |
|
|
| $ | 73 |
| $ | 80 |
| $ | 64 |
|
Remediation Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate |
| $ | 107 |
| $ | 47 |
| $ | 62 |
|
53
Operating expenses are incurred on a continual basis. Capital expenditures relate to longer-lived improvements in currently operating facilities. Remediation expenses relate to existing conditions caused by past operations and do not contribute to current or future revenue generation. Although total costs may vary in any one year, over the long term, segment operating and capital expenditures for environmental compliance generally are expected to increase.
NOTE 9 LAWSUITS, CLAIMS, COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND RELATED MATTERS
OPC or certain of its subsidiaries have been named in many lawsuits, claims and other legal proceedings. These actions seek, among other things, compensation for alleged personal injury, breach of contract, property damage, punitive damages, civil penalties or other losses, or injunctive or declaratory relief. OPC or certain of its subsidiaries also have been named in proceedings under CERCLA and similar federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws. These environmental proceedings seek funding or performance of remediation and, in some cases, compensation for alleged property damage, punitive damages and civil penalties; however, Occidental is usually one of many companies in these proceedings and has to date been successful in sharing response costs with other financially sound companies. With respect to all such lawsuits, claims and proceedings, including environmental proceedings, Occidental accrues reserves when it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated.
Since 2004, Occidental Chemical Corporation (OCC) has been served with ten lawsuits filed in Nicaragua by approximately 2,600 individual plaintiffs. These individuals allege that they have sustained several billion dollars of personal injury damages as a result of their alleged exposure to a pesticide. OCC is aware of, but has not been served in, 23 additional cases in Nicaragua, which Occidental understands make similar allegations. In the opinion of management, the claims against OCC are without merit because, among other things, OCC believes that none of the pesticide it manufactured was ever sold or used in Nicaragua. Under the applicable Nicaraguan statute, defendants are required to pay pre-trial deposits so large as to effectively prohibit defendants from participating fully in their defense. OCC filed a response to the complaints contesting jurisdiction without posting such pre-trial deposit. In 2004, the judge in one of the cases (Osorio case) ruled the court had jurisdiction over the defendants, including OCC, and that the plaintiffs had waived the requirement of the pre-trial deposit. In order to preserve its jurisdictional defense, OCC elected not to make a substantive appearance in the Osorio case. In 2005, the judge in the Osorio case entered judgment against several defendants, including OCC, for damages totaling approximately $97 million. In December 2006, the court in a second case in Nicaragua (Rios case) entered a judgment against several defendants, including OCC, for damages totaling approximately $800 million. While preserving its jurisdictional defenses, OCC has appealed the judgments in the Osorio and Rios cases. In September 2007, the plaintiffs in the Osorio case filed an action in state court in Florida seeking to enforce the Nicaraguan judgment. That action was removed to and is presently pending in federal court. OCC has no assets in Nicaragua and, in the opinion of management, any judgment rendered under the statute, including in the Osorio and Rios cases, would be unenforceable in the United States.
During the course of its operations, Occidental is subject to audit by tax authorities for varying periods in various federal, state, local and foreign tax jurisdictions. Taxable years prior to 2001 are generally closed for U.S. federal corporate income tax purposes. Corporate tax returns for taxable years 2001 through the current year are in various stages of audit by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. Disputes may arise during the course of such audits as to facts and matters of law.
At December 31, 2007, commitments for major capital expenditures during 2008 and thereafter were approximately $330 million.
Occidental has entered into agreements providing for future payments to secure terminal and pipeline capacity, drilling services, electrical power, steam and certain chemical raw materials. At December 31, 2007, the net present value of the fixed and determinable portion of the obligations under these agreements, which were used to collateralize financings of the respective suppliers, aggregated $52 million, which was payable as follows (in millions): 2008 – $12, 2009 – $10, 2010 – $10, 2011 – $9, 2012 – $8 and thereafter – $3. Fixed payments under these agreements were $18 million in 2007, $18 million in 2006 and $17 million in 2005.
Occidental has certain other commitments under contracts, guarantees and joint ventures, including purchase commitments for goods and services at market-related prices and certain other contingent liabilities. Some of these commitments, although not fixed or determinable, involve capital expenditures and are part of the $3.8 to $3.9 billion in capital expenditures estimated for 2008.
Occidental has entered into various guarantees including performance bonds, letters of credit, indemnities, commitments and other forms of guarantees provided by Occidental to third parties, mainly to provide assurance that OPC or its subsidiaries and other affiliates will meet their various obligations (guarantees).
At December 31, 2007, the notional amount of the guarantees that are subject to the reporting requirements of FIN 45 was approximately $250 million, which consists of Occidental’s guarantee of equity investees’ debt, primarily from the Dolphin Project equity investment, and other commitments.
54
Occidental has indemnified various parties against specified liabilities that those parties might incur in the future in connection with purchases and other transactions that they have entered into with Occidental. These indemnities usually are contingent upon the other party incurring liabilities that reach specified thresholds. As of December 31, 2007, Occidental is not aware of circumstances it believes would reasonably be expected to lead to future indemnity claims against it in connection with these transactions that would result in payments materially in excess of reserves.
It is impossible at this time to determine the ultimate liabilities that OPC and its subsidiaries may incur resulting from any lawsuits, claims and proceedings, audits, commitments, contingencies and related matters or the timing of these liabilities. If these matters were to be ultimately resolved unfavorably at amounts substantially exceeding Occidental’s reserves, an outcome not currently anticipated, it is possible that such outcome could have a material adverse effect upon Occidental’s consolidated financial position or results of operations. However, after taking into account reserves, management does not expect the ultimate resolution of any of these matters to have a material adverse effect upon Occidental’s consolidated financial position or results of operations.
NOTE 10 DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN INCOME AND OTHER TAXES
The domestic and foreign components of income from continuing operations before domestic and foreign income and other taxes were as follows:
For the years ended December 31, (in millions) |
| Domestic |
| Foreign |
| Total |
| |||
2007 |
| $ | 4,604 |
| $ | 3,981 |
| $ | 8,585 |
|
2006 |
| $ | 4,281 |
| $ | 3,275 |
| $ | 7,556 |
|
2005 |
| $ | 4,348 |
| $ | 2,331 |
| $ | 6,679 |
|
The provisions(credits) for domestic and foreign income and other taxes from continuing operations consisted of the following:
For the years ended December 31, (in millions) |
| U.S. Federal |
| State and Local |
| Foreign |
| Total |
| ||||
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current |
| $ | 1,371 |
| $ | 125 |
| $ | 1,976 |
| $ | 3,472 |
|
Deferred |
|
| 48 |
|
| 14 |
|
| (27 | ) |
| 35 |
|
|
| $ | 1,419 |
| $ | 139 |
| $ | 1,949 |
| $ | 3,507 |
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current |
| $ | 1,370 |
| $ | 114 |
| $ | 1,772 |
| $ | 3,256 |
|
Deferred |
|
| 154 |
|
| (13 | ) |
| (43 | ) |
| 98 |
|
|
| $ | 1,524 |
| $ | 101 |
| $ | 1,729 |
| $ | 3,354 |
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current |
| $ | 537 |
| $ | 121 |
| $ | 1,237 |
| $ | 1,895 |
|
Deferred |
|
| (57 | ) |
| (9 | ) |
| 12 |
|
| (54 | ) |
|
| $ | 480 |
| $ | 112 |
| $ | 1,249 |
| $ | 1,841 |
|
As a result of changes in compensation programs in 2006, Occidental wrote off approximately $40 million of the related deferred tax asset that had been recognized in the financial statements prior to the changes. The 2005 federal income tax provision includes a $619 million tax benefit related to the resolution of foreign tax credit issues with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and a $335 million tax benefit due to the reversal of tax reserves no longer required. The 2005 income tax provision also includes a net $10 million charge related to a state tax issue.
The following is a reconciliation, stated as a percentage of pre-tax income, of the United States statutory federal income tax rate to Occidental’s effective tax rate on income from continuing operations:
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
United States federal statutory tax rate |
| 35 | % |
| 35 | % |
| 35 | % |
|
Operations outside the United States |
| 6 |
|
| 8 |
|
| 6 |
|
|
State taxes, net of federal benefit |
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
|
Reversal of tax reserves |
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (13 | ) |
|
Other |
| (1 | ) |
| — |
|
| (1 | ) |
|
Tax rate provided by Occidental |
| 41 | % |
| 44 | % |
| 28 | % |
|
55
The tax effects of temporary differences resulting in deferred income taxes at December 31, 2007 and 2006 were as follows:
|
| 2007 |
| 2006 | ||||||||
|
| Deferred |
| Deferred |
| Deferred |
| Deferred | ||||
Tax effects of temporary differences (in millions) |
| Tax Assets |
| Tax Liabilities |
| Tax Assets |
| Tax Liabilities | ||||
Property, plant and equipment differences |
| $ | 180 |
| $ | 3,541 |
| $ | 189 |
| $ | 3,168 |
Investments including partnerships |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 217 |
Environmental reserves |
|
| 186 |
|
| — |
|
| 162 |
|
| — |
Postretirement benefit accruals |
|
| 243 |
|
| — |
|
| 233 |
|
| — |
Deferred compensation and benefits |
|
| 259 |
|
| — |
|
| 208 |
|
| — |
Asset retirement obligations |
|
| 136 |
|
| — |
|
| 82 |
|
| — |
Derivatives |
|
| 218 |
|
| — |
|
| 70 |
|
| — |
Foreign tax credit carryforward |
|
| 242 |
|
| — |
|
| 133 |
|
| — |
State income taxes |
|
| 71 |
|
| — |
|
| 106 |
|
| — |
All other |
|
| 459 |
|
| 251 |
|
| 317 |
|
| 108 |
Subtotal |
|
| 1,994 |
|
| 3,792 |
|
| 1,500 |
|
| 3,493 |
Valuation allowance |
|
| (296 | ) |
| — |
|
| (183 | ) |
| — |
Total deferred taxes |
| $ | 1,698 |
| $ | 3,792 |
| $ | 1,317 |
| $ | 3,493 |
Included in total deferred tax assets was a current portion aggregating $230 million and $190 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, that was reported in prepaid expenses and other.
Occidental has, as of December 31, 2007, foreign tax credit carryforwards of $242 million which expire in varying amounts through 2017 and various state net operating loss carryforwards which have varying carryforward periods through 2025. Occidental established a valuation allowance against these foreign tax credit carryforwards and state net operating losses as the Company believes these assets will not be utilized in the statutory carryforward periods. In addition, Occidental establishes a valuation allowance against deferred tax assets resulting from deductible temporary differences when it believes future benefit is unlikely to be realized.
A deferred tax liability has not been recognized for temporary differences related to Occidental’s investment in certain foreign subsidiaries primarily as a result of unremitted earnings of consolidated subsidiaries aggregating approximately $4.8 billion at December 31, 2007, as it is Occidental’s intention, generally, to reinvest such earnings permanently. If the earnings of these foreign subsidiaries were not indefinitely reinvested, an additional deferred tax liability of approximately $60 million would be required, assuming utilization of available foreign tax credits.
The discontinued operations include an income tax charge of $141 million in 2007, a benefit of $92 million in 2006, and a charge of $188 million in 2005.
The cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles was reduced by an income tax charge of $2 million in 2005.
Additional paid-in capital was credited $43 million in 2007, $140 million in 2006 and $74 million in 2005 for a tax benefit from the exercise of certain stock-based compensation awards.
As discussed in Note 3, Occidental adopted FIN No. 48 on January 1, 2007. The following table shows the effect of adopting FIN No. 48 on the consolidated balance sheet at January 1, 2007 (in millions):
|
| Debit/(Credit) | ||
Domestic and foreign income taxes – Current |
| $ | 140 |
|
Deferred and other domestic and foreign income taxes |
| $ | (8 | ) |
Deferred credits and other liabilities – Other |
| $ | 100 |
|
Minority interest |
| $ | (13 | ) |
Retained earnings |
| $ | (219 | ) |
As of the January 1, 2007 adoption, Occidental had liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $77 million included in deferred credits and other liabilities – other, which included approximately $61 million that, if subsequently recognized, would have affected Occidental’s effective tax rate. As of December 31, 2007, Occidental had liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits of approximately $83 million included in deferred credits and other liabilities – other, which included approximately $66 million that, if subsequently recognized, would have affected Occidental’s effective tax rate.
56
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:
For the year ended December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 | ||
Balance at January 1, 2007 |
| $ | 77 |
|
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year |
|
| 13 |
|
Reductions based on tax positions related to prior years |
|
| (7 | ) |
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
| $ | 83 |
|
Occidental continues to recognize an estimate of potential interest and penalties related to liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits in the provisions for domestic and foreign income and other taxes. For the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, Occidental recognized approximately $2 million, $5 million and $2 million, respectively, in interest and penalties. Occidental’s accrued interest and penalties were $11 million and $15 million as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
During the course of its operations, Occidental is subject to audit by tax authorities for varying periods in various federal, state, local and foreign tax jurisdictions. Taxable years prior to 2001 are generally closed for U.S. federal and state corporate income tax purposes. Taxable years 2001 through the current year are in various stages of audit by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service. Foreign government tax authorities are in various stages of auditing Occidental, and income taxes for taxable years from 2002 through 2007 remain subject to examination. Disputes may arise during the course of such audits as to facts and matters of law.
It is reasonably possible that Occidental’s existing liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits may increase or decrease within the next twelve months primarily due to the progression of audits in process or the expiration of statutes of limitation. Occidental cannot reasonably estimate a range of potential changes in such benefits due to the unresolved nature of the various audits.
NOTE 11 STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
The following is an analysis of common stock:
(shares in thousands) |
| Common Stock |
Balance, December 31, 2004 |
| 793,455 |
Issued |
| 1,510 |
Options exercised and other, net |
| 9,465 |
Balance, December 31, 2005 |
| 804,430 |
Issued |
| 57,257 |
Options exercised and other, net |
| 8,992 |
Balance, December 31, 2006 |
| 870,679 |
Issued |
| 2,933 |
Options exercised and other, net |
| 3,512 |
Balance, December 31, 2007 |
| 877,124 |
In May 2006, Occidental amended its Restated Certificate of Incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of common stock to 1.1 billion. The par value per share remained unchanged.
TREASURY STOCK
In 2007, the Board of Directors authorized an increase to Occidental's treasury stock purchase program under which Occidental is authorized to purchase up to 55 million shares of its common stock. Additionally, Occidental purchased shares from the trustee of its defined contribution savings plan. In 2007, Occidental purchased 20.6 million shares under the programs at an average cost of $54.75 per share. In 2006, Occidental purchased 30.6 million shares under the programs at an average cost of $48.20 per share.
In February 2008, the Board of Directors authorized an increase to Occidental's treasury stock purchase program, which increased the number of shares that Occidental is authorized to purchase from 55 to 75 million shares.
NONREDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK
Occidental has authorized 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $1.00 per share. At December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, Occidental had no outstanding shares of preferred stock.
EARNINGS PER SHARE
Basic earnings per share was computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each year, including vested but unissued share and share units. The computation of diluted earnings per share further reflects the dilutive effect of stock options and stock-settled SARs.
57
The following are the share amounts used to compute the basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended December 31:
In millions |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Basic Earnings per Share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
|
| 874.0 |
|
| 860.9 |
|
| 799.9 |
|
Weighted average treasury shares |
|
| (42.1 | ) |
| (15.9 | ) |
| — |
|
Vested, unissued shares |
|
| 3.0 |
|
| 7.6 |
|
| 6.7 |
|
Basic Shares |
|
| 834.9 |
|
| 852.6 |
|
| 806.6 |
|
Diluted Earnings per Share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic shares |
|
| 834.9 |
|
| 852.6 |
|
| 806.6 |
|
Dilutive effect of stock options and unvested restricted shares |
|
| 4.2 |
|
| 7.8 |
|
| 11.6 |
|
Dilutive Shares |
|
| 839.1 |
|
| 860.4 |
|
| 818.2 |
|
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Accumulated other comprehensive loss consisted of the following after-tax (losses) gains:
Balance at December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
| $ | (10 | ) | $ | (24 | ) |
Derivative mark-to-market adjustments |
|
| (441 | ) |
| (259 | ) |
Pension and post-retirement adjustments (a) |
|
| (181 | ) |
| (168 | ) |
Unrealized gains on securities |
|
| — |
|
| 118 |
|
Total |
| $ | (632 | ) | $ | (333 | ) |
(a) | See Note 13 for further information. |
NOTE 12 STOCK-BASED INCENTIVE PLANS
Occidental has established several Plans that provide for stock-based awards in the form of Options, restricted stock, RSUs, stock bonuses, SARs, PSAs, PRSUs, TSRIs, CSSUs and dividend equivalents. These awards were granted under the 1995 Incentive Stock Plan (1995 ISP), 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (2001 ICP), Phantom Share Unit Awards Plan and the 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (2005 LTIP). No further awards will be granted under the 1995 ISP and 2001 ICP; however, certain 1995 ISP and 2001 ICP award grants were outstanding at December 31, 2007. An aggregate of 66 million shares of Occidental common stock are reserved for issuance under the 2005 LTIP and at December 31, 2007, approximately 43.3 million shares of Occidental common stock were available for future awards. All non-employee director awards are now granted under the 2005 LTIP. During 2007, non-employee directors were granted awards for 59,800 shares of restricted stock that fully vested on the grant date. Awards that have been granted to directors under the 2005 LTIP are restricted and may not be sold or transferred for three years, except in the case of death or disability, during the director’s period of service as a member of the Board. Compensation expense for these awards was measured using the quoted market price of Occidental's common stock on the grant date and was recognized at grant date.
ADOPTION OF SFAS NO. 123(R)
On July 1, 2005, Occidental changed its method of accounting for stock-based compensation from the APB Opinion No. 25 intrinsic value accounting method to the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123(R). Prior to July 1, 2005, Occidental had already been expensing its SARs, RSUs and PSAs. On July 1, 2005, Occidental began expensing its Options and recording compensation expense for all its other stock-based incentive awards using fair value amounts in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R).
The table below summarizes certain stock-based incentive amounts for the past three years (all amounts in millions):
Year Ended December 31 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Compensation expense |
| $ | 290 |
| $ | 211 |
| $ | 186 |
|
Income tax benefit recognized in the income statement |
| $ | 105 |
| $ | 77 |
| $ | 68 |
|
Intrinsic value of options and stock-settled SAR exercises |
| $ | 110 |
| $ | 494 |
| $ | 227 |
|
Liabilities paid (a) |
| $ | 95 |
| $ | 34 |
| $ | 11 |
|
Fair value of RSUs and PSAs vested during the year (b) |
| $ | 128 |
| $ | 107 |
| $ | 80 |
|
(a) | Includes liabilities paid under the cash-settled SARs. |
(b) | As measured on the vesting date for RSUs and the stock-settled portion of the PSAs. |
58
As of December 31, 2007, there was $209 million of pre-tax unrecognized compensation expense related to all unvested stock-based incentive award grants. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.9 years.
STOCK OPTIONS AND SARs
Certain employees are granted Options that are settled in physical stock and SARs that are settled either only in stock or only in cash. Exercise prices of the Options and SARs are equal to the quoted market value of Occidental’s stock on the grant date. Generally, the Options and SARs vest ratably over three years with a maximum term of ten years. These Options and SARs may be forfeited or accelerated under certain circumstances.
The fair value of each Option or stock-settled SAR is measured on the grant date using the Black Scholes option valuation model and expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. The expected life is estimated based on the actual weighted average life of historical exercise activity of the grantee population at the grant date. The volatility factors are based on the historical volatilities of Occidental common stock over the expected lives as estimated on the grant date. The risk-free interest rate is the implied yield available on zero coupon (US Treasury Strip) T-notes at the grant date with a remaining term equal to the expected life. The dividend yield is the expected annual dividend yield over the expected life, expressed as a percentage of the stock price on the grant date. Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by employees who receive stock-based incentive awards, and subsequent events may not be indicative of the reasonableness of the original estimates of fair value made by Occidental.
The grant date assumptions used in the Black Scholes valuation for Options and stock-settled SARs were as follows:
Year Granted |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| 2004 |
Assumptions used: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risk-free interest rate |
| 5.0% |
| 3.7% |
| 3.4% |
Dividend yield |
| 1.4% |
| 1.5% |
| 2.2% |
Volatility factor |
| 26% |
| 27% |
| 21% |
Expected life (years) |
| 5.5 |
| 5.5 |
| 3.6 |
The grant date fair values of each stock-settled SAR granted in 2006 and 2005 were $14.77 and $10.76, respectively. The grant date fair value of each Option granted in 2004 was $4.02. The fair value of the cash-settled SARs is also estimated using the Black Scholes model and is recalculated using updated assumptions each quarter until they are exercised. Changes in the fair value between the date of grant and the date when the cash-settled SARs are exercised are recognized as compensation expense.
The following is a summary of Option and SAR transactions during 2007:
|
| 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
| Stock- Settled SARs & Options (000's) |
| Weighted Average Exercise Price |
| Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (yrs) |
| Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000’s) |
| Cash- Settled SARs (000's) |
| Weighted Average Exercise Price |
| Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (yrs) |
| Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000’s) | ||||
Beginning balance, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January 1, 2007 |
| 12,852 |
| $ | 32.45 |
|
|
|
|
|
| 5,210 |
| $ | 24.66 |
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised |
| (2,912 | ) | $ | 20.93 |
|
|
|
|
|
| (2,047 | ) | $ | 24.66 |
|
|
|
|
|
Forfeited or expired |
| — |
| $ | — |
|
|
|
|
|
| (37 | ) | $ | 24.66 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ending balance, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
| 9,940 |
| $ | 35.83 |
| 7.1 |
| $ | 409,135 |
| 3,126 |
| $ | 24.66 |
| 6.5 |
| $ | 163,571 |
Exercisable at |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2007 |
| 6,555 |
| $ | 30.19 |
| 6.6 |
| $ | 306,723 |
| 3,126 |
| $ | 24.66 |
| 6.5 |
| $ | 163,571 |
RSUs
Certain employees are awarded the right to receive RSUs that vest ratably three and five years after the grant date and can be forfeited or accelerated under certain conditions. Dividend equivalents are paid during the vesting period. Compensation expense for RSUs is measured on the grant date using the quoted market price of Occidental's common stock on the grant date. The weighted average grant date fair values of the RSUs granted in 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004 and 2003 were $52.68, $50.45, $40.91, $25.35 and $16.55, respectively.
59
A summary of changes in Occidental’s unvested RSUs during the year ended December 31, 2007 is presented below:
|
| 2007 | |||||
|
| RSUs (000’s) |
| Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | |||
Unvested at January 1 |
| 3,082 |
|
| $ | 39.79 |
|
Granted |
| 22 |
|
| $ | 52.68 |
|
Vested |
| (1,553 | ) |
| $ | 36.96 |
|
Forfeitures |
| (31 | ) |
| $ | 46.42 |
|
Unvested at December 31 |
| 1,520 |
|
| $ | 42.73 |
|
PERFORMANCE-BASED AWARDS
PRSUs
Certain executives are awarded PRSUs with a performance measure based on Occidental’s three-year cumulative return on equity with payout amounts varying from 0 to 200 percent of the target award. The PRSUs vest at the end of the three-year period following the grant date if performance targets are certified as being met. Compensation expense is measured on the grant date using the quoted market price of Occidental’s common stock and the number of shares expected to be issued based on the performance criteria. Compensation expense is adjusted during the vesting period only for changes in expected share payout. Cumulative dividend equivalents are paid in cash at the end of the performance period for the number of shares certified for payout.
A summary of Occidental’s PRSUs issued during the year ended December 31, 2007, is presented below:
|
| 2007 | |||||
|
| PRSUs (000’s) |
| Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | |||
Unvested at January 1 |
| 758 |
|
| $ | 50.45 |
|
Granted or issued |
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
Unvested at December 31 |
| 758 |
|
| $ | 50.45 |
|
PSAs and TSRIs
Certain executives are awarded PSAs and TSRIs that vest at the end of the four-year period following the grant date if performance targets are certified as being met. For PSAs granted prior to July 2007 payouts range from 0 to 200 percent of the target award and include provisions to provide that the first 100 percent payout will be settled only in stock and any payout in excess of 100 percent will be settled substantially in cash. For TSRIs granted in July 2007, payouts range from 0 to 150 percent of the target award and include provisions to provide for settlement, once certified, to occur equally in stock and cash. Dividend equivalents for PSA and TSRI target shares are paid during the performance period regardless of the payout range or settlement provision.
The fair values of the stock-settled portion of PSAs and TSRIs are measured on the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation model using Occidental's assumptions, noted in the following table, and the volatility from corresponding peer companies. The expected life is based on the vesting period (Term). The volatility factors are based on the historical volatilities of Occidental stock over the Term. The risk-free interest rate is the implied yield available on zero coupon (US Treasury Strip) T-notes at the time of grant with a remaining term equal to the Term. The dividend yield is the expected annual dividend yield over the Term, expressed as a percentage of the stock price on the grant date. Estimates of fair value are not intended to predict actual future events or the value ultimately realized by the employees who receive the awards, and subsequent events may not be indicative of the reasonableness of the original estimates of fair value made by Occidental.
The grant-date assumptions used in the Monte Carlo simulation model for stock-settled PSAs and TSRIs were as follows:
|
| TSRIs |
| PSAs | ||||||
Year Granted |
| July 2007 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| 2004 |
Assumptions used: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Risk-free interest rate |
| 4.4% |
| 4.1% |
| 4.0% |
| 3.3% |
| 3.0% |
Dividend yield |
| 1.7% |
| 1.9% |
| 1.7% |
| 1.9% |
| 2.5% |
Volatility factor |
| 26% |
| 25% |
| 32% |
| 21% |
| 29% |
Expected life (years) |
| 4 |
| 4 |
| 4 |
| 4 |
| 4 |
Grant date fair value of underlying Occidental common stock |
| $61.93 |
| $48.83 |
| $39.94 |
| $29.18 |
| $21.12 |
60
The fair value of the cash-settled portion of PSAs and TSRIs is also estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model each quarter, through vesting, using updated assumptions. Changes in fair value of the cash-settled portion of the PSAs and TSRIs are recorded as compensation expense.
A summary of Occidental’s unvested PSAs and TSRIs as of December 31, 2007 and changes during the year ended December 31, 2007, is presented below:
|
| 2007 |
| ||||||||||||
|
| PSAs (000’s) |
| Grant Date Fair Value of Occidental Stock |
| TSRIs (000’s) |
| Grant Date Fair Value of Occidental Stock |
| ||||||
Unvested at January 1 (a) |
| 1,402 |
|
| $ | 19.69 |
|
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
Granted (a, b) |
| 168 |
|
| $ | 48.83 |
|
| 523 |
|
| $ | 61.93 |
|
|
Vested (c) |
| (563 | ) |
| $ | 14.23 |
|
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
Forfeitures |
| (34 | ) |
| $ | 47.95 |
|
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
Unvested at December 31 (a) |
| 973 |
|
| $ | 47.01 |
|
| 523 |
|
| $ | 61.93 |
|
|
(a) | Unvested awards and award grants are presented at the target payouts. |
(b) | Actual payout may be up to 200 percent of this amount for PSAs granted prior to July 2007. The TSRIs granted in July 2007 have a maximum payout of 150 percent. |
(c) | The weighted-average payout at vesting was 198 percent of the target. |
CSSUs
Certain employees are awarded the right to receive CSSUs (which include and have been issued as Long-Term Incentive awards). CSSUs are equivalent in value to actual shares of Occidental common stock but are paid in cash at the time of vesting. The fair value of the CSSUs is measured on the grant date using the quoted market price of Occidental common stock and expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. CSSUs vest either in total over two years or ratably over three years after the grant date and can be forfeited or accelerated under certain conditions. For CSSUs which vest in total over two years, dividend equivalents are accumulated during the vesting period and are paid when they vest. For CSSUs which vest ratably, dividend equivalents are paid during the vesting period. Changes in the fair value between the grant date and the date when the CSSUs vest are recognized as compensation expense. The weighted average grant date fair values of the CSSUs granted in 2007 and 2006 were $61.90 and $48.59, respectively.
A summary of changes in Occidental’s unvested CSSUs during the year ended December 31, 2007 is presented below:
|
| 2007 | ||||||
|
| CSSUs (000’s) |
| Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |
| |||
Unvested at January 1 |
| 675 |
|
| $ | 48.59 |
|
|
Granted |
| 661 |
|
| $ | 61.90 |
|
|
Vested |
| — |
|
| $ | — |
|
|
Forfeitures |
| (80 | ) |
| $ | 59.44 |
|
|
Unvested at December 31 |
| 1,256 |
|
| $ | 55.39 |
|
|
PRO-FORMA INFORMATION
Occidental adopted SFAS No. 123(R) on July 1, 2005. The following table shows the pro forma net income and earnings per share that Occidental would have recorded if compensation expense were determined using SFAS No. 123(R) for these periods (amounts in millions, except per share amounts).
|
| 2005 |
| |
Net Income |
| $ | 5,293 |
|
Add: Stock-based compensation included in net income, net of tax, under |
|
|
|
|
APB Opinion No. 25 (a) |
|
| 104 |
|
Deduct: Stock-based compensation, net of tax, determined under |
|
|
|
|
SFAS No. 123(R) fair value method (a) |
|
| (112 | ) |
Pro forma net income |
| $ | 5,285 |
|
Earnings per share: |
|
|
|
|
Basic — as reported |
| $ | 6.56 |
|
Basic — pro forma |
| $ | 6.55 |
|
Diluted — as reported |
| $ | 6.47 |
|
Diluted — pro forma |
| $ | 6.46 |
|
(a) | The 2005 amounts include only the first six months of 2005 before SFAS 123(R) was adopted. |
61
NOTE 13 RETIREMENT PLANS AND POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
Occidental has various benefit plans for its salaried, domestic union and nonunion hourly, and certain foreign national employees. As discussed in Note 3, on December 31, 2006, Occidental adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 158.
DEFINED CONTRIBUTION PLANS
All domestic employees and certain foreign national employees are eligible to participate in one or more of the defined contribution retirement or savings plans that provide for periodic contributions by Occidental based on plan-specific criteria, such as base pay, age level and employee contributions. Certain salaried employees participate in a supplemental retirement plan that provides restoration of benefits lost due to governmental limitations on qualified retirement benefits. The accrued liabilities for the supplemental retirement plan were $84 million, $70 million and $61 million as of December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, and Occidental expensed $86 million in 2007, $74 million in 2006 and $66 million in 2005 under the provisions of these defined contribution and supplemental retirement plans.
DEFINED BENEFIT PLANS
Participation in the defined benefit plans is limited and approximately 1,000 domestic and 1,100 foreign national employees, mainly union, nonunion hourly and certain employees that joined Occidental from acquired operations with grandfathered benefits, are currently accruing benefits under these plans.
Pension costs for Occidental’s defined benefit pension plans, determined by independent actuarial valuations, are generally funded by payments to trust funds, which are administered by independent trustees.
OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS
Occidental provides medical and dental benefits and life insurance coverage for certain active, retired and disabled employees and their eligible dependents. The benefits generally are funded by Occidental as the benefits are paid during the year. The total benefit costs, including the postretirement costs, were approximately $131 million in 2007, $120 million in 2006 and $104 million in 2005.
OBLIGATIONS AND FUNDED STATUS
Occidental uses a measurement date of December 31 for all defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plans.
|
| Pension Benefits |
| Postretirement Benefits |
| ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unfunded Plans |
| Funded Plans |
| ||||||||
For the years ended December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||||||
Changes in benefit obligation: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benefit obligation — beginning of year |
| $ | 523 |
| $ | 492 |
| $ | 619 |
| $ | 614 |
| $ | 29 |
| $ | 26 |
|
Service cost — benefits earned during the period |
|
| 9 |
|
| 11 |
|
| 12 |
|
| 10 |
|
| 1 |
|
| — |
|
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation |
|
| 27 |
|
| 27 |
|
| 34 |
|
| 33 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 2 |
|
Actuarial (gain) loss |
|
| (6 | ) |
| (6 | ) |
| 47 |
|
| 16 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 1 |
|
Foreign currency exchange rate changes |
|
| 12 |
|
| 2 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Acquisitions (a) |
|
| — |
|
| 28 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 1 |
|
Benefits paid |
|
| (41 | ) |
| (30 | ) |
| (50 | ) |
| (54 | ) |
| (1 | ) |
| (1 | ) |
Plan amendments |
|
| 3 |
|
| (1 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Benefit obligation — end of year |
| $ | 527 |
| $ | 523 |
| $ | 662 |
| $ | 619 |
| $ | 33 |
| $ | 29 |
|
Changes in plan assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value of plan assets — beginning of year |
| $ | 556 |
| $ | 424 |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | 3 |
| $ | 2 |
|
Actual return on plan assets |
|
| 39 |
|
| 68 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 1 |
|
| — |
|
Foreign currency exchange rate changes |
|
| 2 |
|
| 1 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Employer contribution |
|
| 11 |
|
| 66 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
Benefits paid |
|
| (41 | ) |
| (30 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (1 | ) |
| (1 | ) |
Acquisitions (a) |
|
| — |
|
| 27 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 1 |
|
Fair value of plan assets — end of year |
| $ | 567 |
| $ | 556 |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | 4 |
| $ | 3 |
|
Funded (unfunded) status: |
| $ | 40 |
| $ | 33 |
| $ | (662 | ) | $ | (619 | ) | $ | (29 | ) | $ | (26 | ) |
(a) | Relates to the acquisition of Tidelands in 2006. |
62
The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for defined benefit pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets were $111 million, $104 million and zero, respectively, as of December 31, 2007, and $96 million, $90 million and zero, respectively, as of December 31, 2006. The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for defined benefit pension plans with plan assets in excess of the accumulated benefit obligation were $415 million, $396 million and $566 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2007, and $427 million, $404 million, and $556 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2006.
Occidental has 401(h) accounts established within certain defined benefit pension plans. These plans allow Occidental to fund postretirement medical benefits for employees at two of its operations. Contributions to these 401(h) accounts are made at Occidental's discretion. All of Occidental's other postretirement benefit plans are unfunded.
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets consist of:
|
| Pension Benefits |
| Postretirement Benefits |
| ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unfunded Plans |
| Funded Plans |
| ||||||||
As of December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||||||
Other assets |
| $ | 156 |
| $ | 135 |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
|
Accrued liabilities |
|
| (3 | ) |
| (3 | ) |
| (49 | ) |
| (53 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
Deferred credits and other liabilities – other |
|
| (113 | ) |
| (99 | ) |
| (613 | ) |
| (566 | ) |
| (29 | ) |
| (26 | ) |
|
| $ | 40 |
| $ | 33 |
| $ | (662 | ) | $ | (619 | ) | $ | (29 | ) | $ | (26 | ) |
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, AOCI included the following after-tax balances:
|
| Pension Benefits |
| Postretirement Benefits |
| ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unfunded Plans |
| Funded Plans |
| ||||||||
As of December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||||||
Net loss |
| $ | 19 |
| $ | 28 |
| $ | 149 |
| $ | 128 |
| $ | 8 |
| $ | 7 |
|
Prior service cost |
|
| 2 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 3 |
|
| 4 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
|
| $ | 21 |
| $ | 29 |
| $ | 152 |
| $ | 132 |
| $ | 8 |
| $ | 7 |
|
Occidental does not expect any plan assets to be returned during 2008.
COMPONENTS OF NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COST AND OTHER AMOUNTS RECOGNIZED IN OCI
|
| Pension Benefits |
| Postretirement Benefits |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Unfunded Plans |
| Funded Plans |
| ||||||||||||||
For the years ended December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||||||||
Net periodic benefit costs: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Service cost — benefits earned during the period |
| $ | 9 |
| $ | 11 |
| $ | 12 |
| $ | 12 |
| $ | 10 |
| $ | 9 |
| $ | 1 |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
|
Interest cost on benefit obligation |
|
| 27 |
|
| 27 |
|
| 25 |
|
| 34 |
|
| 33 |
|
| 32 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 1 |
|
Expected return on plan assets |
|
| (38 | ) |
| (33 | ) |
| (32 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (1 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
Amortization of prior service cost |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Recognized actuarial loss |
|
| 3 |
|
| 1 |
|
| — |
|
| 14 |
|
| 16 |
|
| 14 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 1 |
|
Settlement and special termination benefits |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cost (a) |
|
| 3 |
|
| — |
|
| 4 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 3 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Currency adjustments |
|
| 10 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 4 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
Net periodic benefit cost |
| $ | 15 |
| $ | 9 |
| $ | 14 |
| $ | 61 |
| $ | 60 |
| $ | 59 |
| $ | 3 |
| $ | 3 |
| $ | 2 |
|
(a) | Settlement cost relates to benefit distributions made in 2007 and special termination benefits cost relates to the Pottstown plant closure in 2005. |
The estimated net loss and prior service cost for the defined benefit pension plans that will be amortized from AOCI into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year are zero and $1 million, respectively. The estimated net loss and prior service cost for the other defined benefit postretirement plans that will be amortized from AOCI into net periodic benefit cost over the next fiscal year are $16 million and $1 million, respectively.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Occidental’s defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plan obligations are determined based on various assumptions and discount rates. Occidental uses the fair value of assets to determine expected return on plan assets in calculating pension expense. Occidental funds and expenses negotiated pension increases for domestic union employees over the terms of the applicable collective bargaining agreements.
63
The following table sets forth the weighted average assumptions used to determine Occidental's benefit obligation and net periodic benefit cost for domestic plans:
|
| Pension Benefits |
| Postretirement Benefits |
| ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
| Unfunded Plans |
| Funded Plans |
| ||||
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
|
Benefit Obligation Assumptions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount rate |
| 5.68% |
| 5.53% |
| 5.68% |
| 5.53% |
| 5.68% |
| 5.53% |
|
Rate of compensation increase |
| 4.00% |
| 4.00% |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
Net Periodic Benefit Cost Assumptions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount rate |
| 5.53% |
| 5.33% |
| 5.53% |
| 5.33% |
| 5.53% |
| 5.33% |
|
Assumed long term rate of return on assets |
| 7.00% |
| 7.50% |
| — |
| — |
| 7.00% |
| 7.50% |
|
Rate of compensation increase |
| 4.00% |
| 4.00% |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
For domestic pension plans and postretirement benefit plans, Occidental bases the discount rate on the Hewitt Bond Universe yield curve in 2007 and the average yield provided by the Moody’s Aaa Corporate Bond Index in 2006. The weighted average rate of increase in future compensation levels is consistent with Occidental’s past and anticipated future compensation increases for employees participating in retirement plans that determine benefits using compensation. The assumed long-term rate of return on assets is estimated with regard to current market factors but within the context of historical returns. Historical returns and correlation of equities and fixed income securities are studied. Current market factors such as inflation and interest rates are also evaluated.
For pension plans outside of the United States, Occidental bases its discount rate on rates indicative of government and/or investment grade corporate debt in the applicable country, taking into account hyperinflationary environments where necessary. The discount rates used for the foreign pension plans ranged from 3 to 11 percent at both December 31, 2007 and 2006. The average rate of increase in future compensation levels ranged from a low of 2 percent to a high of 10 percent in 2007, dependent on local economic conditions and salary budgets. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets was 5.5 percent in excess of local inflation in both 2007 and 2006.
The postretirement benefit obligation was determined by application of the terms of medical and dental benefits and life insurance coverage, including the effect of established maximums on covered costs, together with relevant actuarial assumptions and health care cost trend rates projected at an assumed Consumer Price Index (CPI) increase of 2.5 percent as of December 31, 2007 and 2006 (beginning in 1993, participants other than certain union employees have paid for all medical cost increases in excess of increases in the CPI). For certain union employees, the health care cost trend rates were projected at annual rates ranging ratably from 10 percent in 2007 to 6 percent through the year 2011 and level thereafter. A 1-percent increase or a 1-percent decrease in these assumed health care cost trend rates would result in an increase of $21 million or a reduction of $20 million, respectively, in the postretirement benefit obligation as of December 31, 2007, and a corresponding increase or reduction of $1 million in interest cost in 2007. The annual service costs would not be materially affected by these changes.
The actuarial assumptions used could change in the near term as a result of changes in expected future trends and other factors that, depending on the nature of the changes, could cause increases or decreases in the plan liabilities accrued.
Asset allocations of Occidental’s defined benefit pension and funded postretirement benefit plans are as follows:
|
| Pension Benefits |
| Postretirement Benefit |
| ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Funded Plans |
| ||||
As of December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| ||||
Asset Category: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities |
| 57 | % |
| 56 | % |
| 54 | % |
| 55 | % |
|
Debt securities |
| 43 |
|
| 44 |
|
| 46 |
|
| 45 |
|
|
Total |
| 100 | % |
| 100 | % |
| 100 | % |
| 100 | % |
|
Occidental employs a total return investment approach that uses a mix of equity and fixed income investments to maximize the long-term return of plan assets at a prudent level of risk. The investments are monitored by Occidental’s Investment Committee in its role as fiduciary. The Investment Committee, consisting of senior Occidental executives, selects and employs various external professional investment management firms to manage specific assignments across the spectrum of asset classes. The resulting aggregate investment portfolio contains a diversified blend of equity and fixed-income investments. Furthermore, equity investments are diversified across United States and non-United States stocks, as well as differing styles and market capitalizations. Other asset classes such as private equity and real estate may be used to enhance long-term returns while improving portfolio diversification. Investment performance is measured and monitored on an ongoing basis through quarterly investment and manager guideline compliance reviews, annual liability measurements, and periodic studies.
64
Occidental expects to contribute $3 million to its defined benefit pension plans during 2008. All of the contributions are expected to be in the form of cash.
Estimated future benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are as follows:
For the years ended December 31, (in millions) |
| Pension Benefits |
| Postretirement Benefits | ||||
2008 |
| $ | 32 |
|
| $ | 51 |
|
2009 |
| $ | 34 |
|
| $ | 51 |
|
2010 |
| $ | 36 |
|
| $ | 50 |
|
2011 |
| $ | 38 |
|
| $ | 50 |
|
2012 |
| $ | 38 |
|
| $ | 49 |
|
2013 — 2017 |
| $ | 216 |
|
| $ | 239 |
|
NOTE 14 INVESTMENTS AND RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS
At December 31, 2007 and 2006, investments in unconsolidated entities comprised $521 million and $498 million of equity method investments and $234 million and $294 million of advances to equity method investees, respectively. The remainder of the 2007 investments in unconsolidated entities reflects available-for-sale securities.
EQUITY INVESTMENTS
At December 31, 2007, Occidental’s equity investments consist mainly of a 24.5-percent interest in the stock of Dolphin Energy Limited (Dolphin Energy), and various other partnerships and joint ventures, discussed below. Equity investments paid dividends of $33 million, $113 million and $161 million to Occidental in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. At December 31, 2007, cumulative undistributed earnings of equity-method investees since acquisition were $120 million. At December 31, 2007, Occidental’s investments in equity investees exceeded the underlying equity in net assets by $252 million, of which $140 million represents goodwill that will not be amortized and $112 million represents intangible assets, which is being amortized over the life of the underlying assets.
The following table presents Occidental’s ownership interest in the summarized financial information of its equity method investments:
For the years ended December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 | |||
Revenues |
| $ | 463 |
| $ | 1,569 |
| $ | 3,637 |
Costs and expenses |
|
| 381 |
|
| 1,386 |
|
| 3,405 |
Net income |
| $ | 82 |
| $ | 183 |
| $ | 232 |
As of December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
|
|
| ||
Current assets |
| $ | 130 |
| $ | 151 |
|
|
|
Non-current assets |
| $ | 853 |
| $ | 812 |
|
|
|
Current liabilities |
| $ | 88 |
| $ | 101 |
|
|
|
Long-term debt |
| $ | 603 |
| $ | 562 |
|
|
|
Other non-current liabilities |
| $ | 30 |
| $ | 26 |
|
|
|
Stockholders’ equity |
| $ | 262 |
| $ | 274 |
|
|
|
Occidental’s investment in the Dolphin Project consists of two separate economic interests: a 24.5-percent undivided interest in a Development and Production Sharing Agreement, which is proportionately consolidated in the financial statements, and a 24.5-percent ownership interest in the stock of Dolphin Energy, which is accounted for as an equity investment. In July 2005, Dolphin Energy entered into a bridge loan in an amount of $2.45 billion. The proceeds of the new bridge loan were used to pay off amounts outstanding on a previous bridge loan and are being used to fund the construction of the Dolphin Project. The new bridge loan has a term of four years, is a revolving credit facility through April 2008 and may be converted to a term loan thereafter. In September 2005, Dolphin Energy entered into an agreement with banks to provide a $1.0 billion facility to fund the construction of a certain portion of the Dolphin Project. Occidental guarantees 24.5 percent of both of these obligations of Dolphin Energy. At December 31, 2007, Occidental’s portion of the bridge loan and financing facility was $816 million. Occidental had recorded $588 million on the balance sheet at December 31, 2007, for the combined bridge loan and financing facility. The remaining amounts of the bridge loan and financing facility drawdowns are included in the guarantee amounts discussed in Note 9.
In Ecuador, Occidental has a 14-percent interest in the Oleoducto de Crudos Pesados Ltd. (OCP) oil export pipeline. As of December 31, 2007, Occidental’s net investment in and advances to the project totaled $69 million. Occidental reports this investment in its consolidated financial statements using the equity method of accounting. The project was funded in part by senior project debt, which is to be repaid with the proceeds of ship-or-pay tariffs of certain upstream
65
producers in Ecuador. In May 2006, Ecuador terminated Occidental’s contract for the operation of Block 15, which comprised all of its oil-producing operations in the country, and seized Occidental’s Block 15 assets. Occidental’s guarantee of its share of the ship-or-pay obligations provides the lenders the right to require Occidental to make an advance tariff payment as a result of the expropriation, which has not been exercised to date. At December 31, 2007, the total pre-tax advance tariff payment of approximately $89 million was accrued in Occidental’s consolidated financial statements. This advance tariff would be used by the pipeline company to service or prepay project debt. At December 31, 2007, Occidental also had obligations relating to performance bonds totaling $14 million.
Occidental has a 50-percent interest in Elk Hills Power, LLC (EHP), a limited liability company that operates a gas-fired, power-generation plant in California. OCP and EHP are VIEs under the provisions of FIN 46. Occidental has concluded it is not the primary beneficiary of OCP or EHP and, therefore, accounts for these investments using the equity method.
ADVANCES TO EQUITY INVESTEES
In 2004, Occidental entered into a note receivable (Note) with an equity method investee. The Note bears interest at 2.5 percent and is due December 31, 2008. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the outstanding balance on the Note was $182 million and $196 million, respectively. In 2004, Occidental converted a contribution to an equity method investee into a subordinated revolving credit agreement (Revolver). The Revolver bears interest at 18 percent and expires on December 31, 2021. At December 31, 2007 and 2006, the outstanding balance on the Revolver and related accrued interest were $51 million and $1 million and $55 million and $1 million, respectively.
AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE SECURITIES
Lyondell
Starting in 2002, when Occidental acquired an equity investment in Lyondell Chemical Company (Lyondell), two senior executives of Occidental held seats on Lyondell’s board of directors. One of Occidental’s senior executives did not stand for re-election to Lyondell’s board of directors at its annual meeting on May 4, 2006. As a result, Occidental management believed that it no longer had the ability to exercise significant influence over Lyondell’s financial and operating policies and discontinued accruing its share of Lyondell earnings or losses under equity-method accounting. Subsequent to May 4, 2006, Occidental classified its Lyondell shares as an available-for-sale investment.
In 2005, Occidental sold 11 million shares of Lyondell stock for gross proceeds of approximately $300 million. This sale resulted in a 2005 pre-tax gain of $140 million.
In October 2006, Occidental sold 10 million shares of Lyondell's common stock in a registered public offering for a pre-tax gain of $90 million and gross proceeds of $250 million.
In 2007, Occidental sold all of its remaining shares of Lyondell common stock (approximately 21 million shares) for a pre-tax gain of $326 million and gross proceeds of $672 million.
Premcor
Valero's acquisition of Premcor and the subsequent sale by Occidental of all of the Valero shares received resulted in a pre-tax gain of $726 million in 2005.
RELATED-PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Occidental purchases power, steam and chemicals from its equity investees and sells chemicals and power to its equity investees at market-related prices. During 2007, 2006 and 2005, Occidental entered into the following related-party transactions and had the following amounts due from or to its related parties:
December 31, (in millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 | |||
Purchases (a) |
| $ | 236 |
| $ | 688 |
| $ | 1,275 |
Sales |
| $ | 351 |
| $ | 589 |
| $ | 980 |
Services |
| $ | 1 |
| $ | 6 |
| $ | 6 |
Advances and amounts due from |
| $ | 184 |
| $ | 216 |
| $ | 256 |
Amounts due to |
| $ | — |
| $ | 1 |
| $ | 16 |
(a) | In 2007, purchases from Elk Hills Power, LLC accounted for 98 percent. In 2006 and 2005, purchases from Lyondell accounted for 38 and 59 percent, respectively. |
66
NOTE 15 INDUSTRY SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC AREAS
Occidental conducts its continuing operations through two reportable segments: oil and gas and chemical. The factors for determining the reportable segments were based on the distinct nature of their operations. They are managed as separate business units because each requires and is responsible for executing a unique business strategy.
Earnings of industry segments and geographic areas generally exclude income taxes, interest income, interest expense, environmental remediation expenses, unallocated corporate expenses, discontinued operations and cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, but include gains and losses from dispositions of segment and geographic area assets and results and other earnings from the segments’ equity investments (except as noted below).
Identifiable assets are those assets used in the operations of the segments. Corporate and other assets consist of cash, short-term investments, certain corporate receivables, an available-for-sale investment in Lyondell (sold in 2007), 12-percent ownership interest in Premcor (sold in 2005), a leased cogeneration facility in Taft, Louisiana, a cogeneration facility at Ingleside, Texas (consolidated in October 2006) and two common carrier oil pipeline systems in the Permian Basin.
INDUSTRY SEGMENTS
In millions
|
| Oil and Gas |
| Chemical |
| Corporate and Other |
| Total |
| ||||
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
| $ | 13,918 | (a) | $ | 4,664 | (b) | $ | 202 |
| $ | 18,784 |
|
Pretax operating profit (loss) |
| $ | 8,318 |
| $ | 601 |
| $ | (334 | ) (c) | $ | 8,585 |
|
Income taxes |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (3,507 | ) |
| (3,507 | ) |
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 322 |
|
| 322 |
|
Net income (loss) |
| $ | 8,318 | (d) | $ | 601 |
| $ | (3,519 | ) (e) | $ | 5,400 |
|
Investments in unconsolidated entities |
| $ | 474 |
| $ | 118 |
| $ | 191 |
| $ | 783 |
|
Property, plant and equipment additions, net (f) |
| $ | 3,206 |
| $ | 251 |
| $ | 40 |
| $ | 3,497 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
| $ | 2,024 |
| $ | 304 |
| $ | 51 |
| $ | 2,379 |
|
Total assets |
| $ | 29,465 |
| $ | 3,814 |
| $ | 3,240 |
| $ | 36,519 |
|
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
| $ | 12,190 | (a) | $ | 4,815 | (b) | $ | 170 |
| $ | 17,175 |
|
Pretax operating profit (loss) |
| $ | 6,880 |
| $ | 906 |
| $ | (230 | ) (c) | $ | 7,556 |
|
Income taxes |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (3,354 | ) (e) |
| (3,354 | ) |
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (11 | ) |
| (11 | ) |
Net income (loss) |
| $ | 6,880 |
| $ | 906 |
| $ | (3,595 | ) (e) | $ | 4,191 |
|
Investments in unconsolidated entities |
| $ | 515 |
| $ | 103 |
| $ | 726 |
| $ | 1,344 |
|
Property, plant and equipment additions, net (f) |
| $ | 2,703 |
| $ | 251 |
| $ | 33 |
| $ | 2,987 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
| $ | 1,702 |
| $ | 279 |
| $ | 27 |
| $ | 2,008 |
|
Total assets |
| $ | 25,418 |
| $ | 3,801 |
| $ | 3,212 |
| $ | 32,431 |
|
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
| $ | 9,361 | (a) | $ | 4,641 | (b) | $ | 151 |
| $ | 14,153 |
|
Pretax operating profit |
| $ | 5,662 |
| $ | 614 |
| $ | 403 | (c) | $ | 6,679 |
|
Income taxes |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (1,841 | ) (e) |
| (1,841 | ) |
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 452 |
|
| 452 |
|
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles, net |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 3 |
|
| 3 |
|
Net income (loss) |
| $ | 5,662 | (d) | $ | 614 | (g) | $ | (983 | ) (e) | $ | 5,293 |
|
Investments in unconsolidated entities |
| $ | 436 |
| $ | 92 |
| $ | 688 |
| $ | 1,216 |
|
Property, plant and equipment additions, net (f) |
| $ | 2,108 |
| $ | 173 |
| $ | 14 |
| $ | 2,295 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and amortization |
| $ | 1,083 |
| $ | 268 |
| $ | 21 |
| $ | 1,372 |
|
Total assets |
| $ | 18,394 |
| $ | 3,872 |
| $ | 3,904 |
| $ | 26,170 |
|
(See footnotes on next page)
67
Footnotes:
(a) | Oil sales represented approximately 81 percent, 80 percent and 77 percent of the oil and gas segment net sales for the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
(b) | Total product sales for the chemical segment were as follows: |
|
| Basic Chemicals |
| Vinyls |
| Performance Chemicals |
Year ended December 31, 2007 |
| 52% |
| 45% |
| 3% |
Year ended December 31, 2006 |
| 48% |
| 48% |
| 4% |
Year ended December 31, 2005 |
| 46% |
| 50% |
| 4% |
(c) | Includes unallocated net interest expense, administration expense, environmental remediation and other pre-tax items noted in footnote (e) below. |
(d) | The 2007 amount includes an after-tax gain of $412 million from the sale of Occidental’s interest in a Russian joint venture, an after-tax gain of $112 million from certain litigation settlements, a pre-tax gain of $103 million from the sale of exploration properties, a pre-tax gain of $35 million from the sale of miscellaneous domestic oil and gas interests and a $74 million pre-tax loss from the impairment of properties. The 2005 amount includes a contract settlement charge of $26 million and a hurricane insurance charge of $18 million. |
(e) | Includes the following significant items affecting earnings for the years ended December 31: |
Benefit (Charge) (In millions) |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
CORPORATE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pre-tax operating profit (loss) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gain on sale of Lyondell shares |
| $ | 326 |
| $ | 90 |
| $ | 140 |
|
Debt purchase expense |
|
| (167 | ) |
| (31 | ) |
| (42 | ) |
Facility closure |
|
| (47 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
Severance charge |
|
| (25 | ) |
| — |
|
| — |
|
Litigation settlements |
|
| — |
|
| 108 |
|
| — |
|
Gain on Premcor-Valero shares |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 726 |
|
Equity investment impairment |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (15 | ) |
Equity investment hurricane insurance charge |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (2 | ) |
Hurricane insurance charge |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| (10 | ) |
|
| $ | 87 |
| $ | 167 |
| $ | 797 |
|
Income taxes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
State tax issue charge * |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | (10 | ) |
Settlement of federal tax issues * |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 619 |
|
Deferred tax write-off due to compensation program changes * |
|
| — |
|
| (40 | ) |
| — |
|
Reversal of tax reserves * |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 335 |
|
Tax effect of pre-tax adjustments |
|
| (2 | ) |
| (41 | ) |
| (219 | ) |
|
| $ | (2 | ) | $ | (81 | ) | $ | 725 |
|
Discontinued operations, net * |
| $ | 322 |
| $ | (11 | ) | $ | 452 |
|
Changes in accounting principles, net * |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | 3 |
|
* | Amounts shown after-tax. |
(f) | Excludes acquisitions. Amounts include capitalized interest of $57 million in 2007, $51 million in 2006 and $26 million in 2005. |
(g) | Chemical includes the 2005 write-off of plants of $159 million and a hurricane insurance charge of $11 million. |
GEOGRAPHIC AREAS
In millions
|
| Net sales (a) |
| Property, plant and equipment, net | ||||||||||||||
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 | ||||||
United States |
| $ | 12,300 |
| $ | 11,569 |
| $ | 10,291 |
| $ | 17,838 |
| $ | 16,552 |
| $ | 13,435 |
Foreign |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Qatar |
|
| 2,014 |
|
| 1,639 |
|
| 1,299 |
|
| 2,025 |
|
| 1,727 |
|
| 1,671 |
Colombia |
|
| 1,271 |
|
| 995 |
|
| 829 |
|
| 402 |
|
| 304 |
|
| 214 |
Yemen |
|
| 861 |
|
| 877 |
|
| 678 |
|
| 494 |
|
| 495 |
|
| 276 |
Oman |
|
| 741 |
|
| 633 |
|
| 489 |
|
| 1,215 |
|
| 815 |
|
| 489 |
Libya |
|
| 625 |
|
| 549 |
|
| 183 |
|
| 222 |
|
| 244 |
|
| 223 |
Argentina |
|
| 461 |
|
| 527 |
|
| — |
|
| 3,031 |
|
| 2,993 |
|
| — |
Canada |
|
| 208 |
|
| 249 |
|
| 276 |
|
| 35 |
|
| 29 |
|
| 29 |
United Arab Emirates |
|
| 131 |
|
| — |
|
| — |
|
| 939 |
|
| 825 |
|
| 568 |
Other Foreign |
|
| 172 |
|
| 137 |
|
| 108 |
|
| 77 |
|
| 154 |
|
| 59 |
Total Foreign |
|
| 6,484 |
|
| 5,606 |
|
| 3,862 |
|
| 8,440 |
|
| 7,586 |
|
| 3,529 |
Total |
| $ | 18,784 |
| $ | 17,175 |
| $ | 14,153 |
| $ | 26,278 |
| $ | 24,138 |
| $ | 16,964 |
(a) | Sales are shown by individual country based on the location of the entity making the sale. |
68
NOTE 16 COSTS AND RESULTS OF OIL AND GAS PRODUCING ACTIVITIES
In 2007, Occidental completed an exchange of oil and gas interests in Horn Mountain with BP for oil and gas interests in the Permian Basin and a gas processing plant in Texas. Occidental also sold its oil and gas interests in Pakistan to BP in 2007. In 2006, Ecuador terminated Occidental’s contract for the operation of Block 15, which comprised all of its oil-producing operations in the country, and seized Occidental’s Block 15 assets. Occidental has classified its Horn Mountain, Pakistan and Ecuador operations as discontinued operations on a retrospective basis and excluded them from all tables in Note 16.
Capitalized costs relating to oil and gas producing activities and related accumulated DD&A were as follows:
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
In millions |
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Other Eastern Hemisphere |
| Total |
| Other Interests | (c) | ||||||
DECEMBER 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved properties |
| $ | 19,026 |
| $ | 3,965 |
| $ | 7,763 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 30,754 |
| $ | (129 | ) |
Unproved properties (a) |
|
| 810 |
|
| 527 |
|
| 228 |
|
| — |
|
| 1,565 |
|
| — |
|
Total property costs |
|
| 19,836 |
|
| 4,492 |
|
| 7,991 |
|
| — |
|
| 32,319 |
|
| (129 | ) |
Support facilities |
|
| 1,171 |
|
| 239 |
|
| 188 |
|
| — |
|
| 1,598 |
|
| 6 |
|
Total capitalized costs (b) |
|
| 21,007 |
|
| 4,731 |
|
| 8,179 |
|
| — |
|
| 33,917 |
|
| (123 | ) |
Accumulated depreciation, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
depletion and amortization (d) |
|
| (6,351 | ) |
| (1,241 | ) |
| (3,284 | ) |
| — |
|
| (10,876 | ) |
| 132 |
|
Net capitalized costs |
| $ | 14,656 |
| $ | 3,490 |
| $ | 4,895 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 23,041 |
| $ | 9 |
|
DECEMBER 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved properties |
| $ | 16,838 |
| $ | 3,493 |
| $ | 6,395 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 26,726 |
| $ | 76 |
|
Unproved properties (a) |
|
| 802 |
|
| 655 |
|
| 265 |
|
| 37 |
|
| 1,759 |
|
| 1 |
|
Total property costs |
|
| 17,640 |
|
| 4,148 |
|
| 6,660 |
|
| 37 |
|
| 28,485 |
|
| 77 |
|
Support facilities |
|
| 890 |
|
| 95 |
|
| 148 |
|
| — |
|
| 1,133 |
|
| 19 |
|
Total capitalized costs (b) |
|
| 18,530 |
|
| 4,243 |
|
| 6,808 |
|
| 37 |
|
| 29,618 |
|
| 96 |
|
Accumulated depreciation, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
depletion and amortization (d) |
|
| (5,060 | ) |
| (888 | ) |
| (2,701 | ) |
| — |
|
| (8,649 | ) |
| (36 | ) |
Net capitalized costs |
| $ | 13,470 |
| $ | 3,355 |
| $ | 4,107 |
| $ | 37 |
| $ | 20,969 |
| $ | 60 |
|
DECEMBER 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved properties |
| $ | 13,514 |
| $ | 791 |
| $ | 4,923 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 19,228 |
| $ | 47 |
|
Unproved properties (a) |
|
| 475 |
|
| — |
|
| 385 |
|
| 36 |
|
| 896 |
|
| — |
|
Total property costs |
|
| 13,989 |
|
| 791 |
|
| 5,308 |
|
| 36 |
|
| 20,124 |
|
| 47 |
|
Support facilities |
|
| 700 |
|
| 36 |
|
| 109 |
|
| 2 |
|
| 847 |
|
| 17 |
|
Total capitalized costs (b) |
|
| 14,689 |
|
| 827 |
|
| 5,417 |
|
| 38 |
|
| 20,971 |
|
| 64 |
|
Accumulated depreciation, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
depletion and amortization (d) |
|
| (4,159 | ) |
| (613 | ) |
| (2,189 | ) |
| (2 | ) |
| (6,963 | ) |
| (26 | ) |
Net capitalized costs |
| $ | 10,530 |
| $ | 214 |
| $ | 3,228 |
| $ | 36 |
| $ | 14,008 |
| $ | 38 |
|
(a) | The 2007 amount primarily consists of California, Argentina and Libya. The 2006 amount primarily consists of additions in Argentina, California and Yemen from the Vintage acquisition as well as existing unproved properties in California, Libya and Oman. The 2005 amount primarily consists of California, Libya and Oman. |
(b) | Includes costs related to leases, exploration costs, lease and well equipment, pipelines and terminals, gas plant, other equipment and capitalized interest. |
(c) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of capitalized costs from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental’s share of capitalized costs from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
(d) | Includes allowance for unproved properties impairments of $137 million in 2007, $108 million in 2006 and $108 million in 2005. |
69
Costs incurred in oil and gas property acquisition, exploration and development activities, whether capitalized or expensed, were as follows:
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
In millions |
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Other Eastern Hemisphere |
| Total |
| Other Interests | (a) | ||||||
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DECEMBER 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property Acquisition Costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved Properties |
| $ | 716 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 300 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 1,016 |
| $ | — |
|
Unproved Properties |
|
| 167 |
|
| (58 | ) |
| 10 |
|
| — |
|
| 119 |
|
| — |
|
Exploration costs |
|
| 39 |
|
| 79 |
|
| 193 |
|
| 20 |
|
| 331 |
|
| (4 | ) |
Development costs |
|
| 1,431 |
|
| 524 |
|
| 1,032 |
|
| — |
|
| 2,987 |
|
| 7 |
|
Costs Incurred |
| $ | 2,353 |
| $ | 545 |
| $ | 1,535 |
| $ | 20 |
| $ | 4,453 |
| $ | 3 |
|
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DECEMBER 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property Acquisition Costs (b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved Properties |
| $ | 2,094 |
| $ | 2,408 |
| $ | 397 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 4,899 |
| $ | — |
|
Unproved Properties |
|
| 377 |
|
| 655 |
|
| 107 |
|
| 3 |
|
| 1,142 |
|
| — |
|
Exploration costs |
|
| 39 |
|
| 61 |
|
| 177 |
|
| 36 |
|
| 313 |
|
| 1 |
|
Development costs |
|
| 1,406 |
|
| 320 |
|
| 792 |
|
| — |
|
| 2,518 |
|
| 32 |
|
Costs Incurred |
| $ | 3,916 |
| $ | 3,444 |
| $ | 1,473 |
| $ | 39 |
| $ | 8,872 |
| $ | 33 |
|
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DECEMBER 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Property Acquisition Costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proved Properties |
| $ | 1,744 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 38 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 1,782 |
| $ | — |
|
Unproved Properties |
|
| 51 |
|
| — |
|
| 343 |
|
| 4 |
|
| 398 |
|
| — |
|
Exploration costs |
|
| 27 |
|
| 56 |
|
| 47 |
|
| 102 |
|
| 232 |
|
| (2 | ) |
Development costs |
|
| 1,000 |
|
| 56 |
|
| 834 |
|
| — |
|
| 1,890 |
|
| 15 |
|
Costs Incurred |
| $ | 2,822 |
| $ | 112 |
| $ | 1,262 |
| $ | 106 |
| $ | 4,302 |
| $ | 13 |
|
(a) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of costs incurred from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental’s share of costs incurred from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
(b) | Includes acquisition costs and related step-up for deferred income taxes of $1.34 billion for the purchase of Vintage. There was no goodwill recorded for this transaction. |
70
The results of operations of Occidental’s oil and gas producing activities, which exclude oil and gas trading activities and items such as asset dispositions, corporate overhead, interest and royalties, were as follows:
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
In millions |
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Other Eastern Hemisphere |
| Total |
| Other Interests | (a) | ||||||
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DECEMBER 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues (b) |
| $ | 7,492 |
| $ | 1,559 |
| $ | 4,340 | (d) | $ | — |
| $ | 13,391 |
| $ | (68 | )(d) |
Production costs |
|
| 1,940 |
|
| 320 |
|
| 430 |
|
| — |
|
| 2,690 |
|
| (5 | ) |
Exploration expenses |
|
| 112 |
|
| 56 |
|
| 224 |
|
| 30 |
|
| 422 |
|
| (5 | ) |
Other operating expenses |
|
| 328 |
|
| 105 |
|
| 181 |
|
| 1 |
|
| 615 |
|
| (3 | ) |
Depreciation, depletion and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
amortization |
|
| 1,071 |
|
| 356 |
|
| 597 |
|
| — |
|
| 2,024 |
|
| (6 | ) |
Pretax income |
|
| 4,041 |
|
| 722 |
|
| 2,908 |
|
| (31 | ) |
| 7,640 |
|
| (49 | ) |
Income tax expense(c) |
|
| 1,220 |
|
| 241 |
|
| 1,717 | (d) |
| — |
|
| 3,178 |
|
| (6 | )(d) |
Results of operations |
| $ | 2,821 |
| $ | 481 |
| $ | 1,191 |
| $ | (31 | ) | $ | 4,462 |
| $ | (43 | ) |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DECEMBER 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues (b) |
| $ | 6,778 |
| $ | 1,358 |
| $ | 3,659 | (d) | $ | — |
| $ | 11,795 |
| $ | 223 | (d) |
Production costs |
|
| 1,707 |
|
| 280 |
|
| 351 |
|
| — |
|
| 2,338 |
|
| 149 |
|
Exploration expenses |
|
| 89 |
|
| 32 |
|
| 140 |
|
| 35 |
|
| 296 |
|
| 1 |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
| 409 |
|
| 47 |
|
| 121 |
|
| 3 |
|
| 580 |
|
| 8 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
amortization |
|
| 902 |
|
| 275 |
|
| 525 |
|
| — |
|
| 1,702 |
|
| 10 |
|
Pretax income |
|
| 3,671 |
|
| 724 |
|
| 2,522 |
|
| (38 | ) |
| 6,879 |
|
| 55 |
|
Income tax expense(c) |
|
| 1,060 |
|
| 310 |
|
| 1,424 | (d) |
| 2 |
|
| 2,796 |
|
| 11 | (d) |
Results of operations |
| $ | 2,611 |
| $ | 414 |
| $ | 1,098 |
| $ | (40 | ) | $ | 4,083 |
| $ | 44 |
|
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DECEMBER 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues (b) |
| $ | 5,739 |
| $ | 666 |
| $ | 2,633 | (d) | $ | — |
| $ | 9,038 |
| $ | 286 | (d) |
Production costs |
|
| 1,298 |
|
| 74 |
|
| 207 |
|
| — |
|
| 1,579 |
|
| 203 |
|
Exploration expenses |
|
| 128 |
|
| 53 |
|
| 56 |
|
| 72 |
|
| 309 |
|
| (2 | ) |
Other operating expenses |
|
| 290 |
|
| 6 |
|
| 112 |
|
| — |
|
| 408 |
|
| 7 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
amortization |
|
| 680 |
|
| 55 |
|
| 347 |
|
| — |
|
| 1,082 |
|
| 11 |
|
Pretax income |
|
| 3,343 |
|
| 478 |
|
| 1,911 |
|
| (72 | ) |
| 5,660 |
|
| 67 |
|
Income tax expense(c) |
|
| 906 |
|
| 224 |
|
| 1,028 | (d) |
| 4 |
|
| 2,162 |
|
| 3 | (d) |
Results of operations |
| $ | 2,437 |
| $ | 254 |
| $ | 883 |
| $ | (76 | ) | $ | 3,498 |
| $ | 64 |
|
(a) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of the results of operations from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental’s share of the results of operations from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
(b) | Revenues from net production exclude royalty payments and other adjustments. |
(c) | United States federal income taxes reflect certain expenses related to oil and gas activities allocated for United States income tax purposes only, including allocated interest and corporate overhead. Foreign income taxes were included in geographic areas on the basis of operating results. |
(d) | Revenues and income tax expense include taxes owed by Occidental but paid by governmental entities on its behalf. |
71
RESULTS PER UNIT OF PRODUCTION (Unaudited)
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||
|
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Other Eastern Hemisphere |
| Total |
| Other Interests | (a) | ||||||
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DECEMBER 31, 2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues from net production |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Barrel of oil equivalent ($/bbl.)(c,d) |
| $ | 57.19 |
| $ | 52.33 |
| $ | 62.49 | (b) | $ | — |
| $ | 57.72 |
| $ | 68.74 | (b) |
Production costs |
|
| 14.81 |
|
| 10.74 |
|
| 8.91 |
|
| — |
|
| 12.87 |
|
| 14.44 |
|
Exploration expenses |
|
| 0.85 |
|
| 1.88 |
|
| 4.64 |
|
| — |
|
| 2.02 |
|
| — |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
| 2.51 |
|
| 3.52 |
|
| 3.75 |
|
| — |
|
| 2.94 |
|
| 0.51 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
amortization |
|
| 8.18 |
|
| 11.95 |
|
| 12.37 |
|
| — |
|
| 9.68 |
|
| 12.55 |
|
Pretax income |
|
| 30.84 |
|
| 24.24 |
|
| 32.82 |
|
| — |
|
| 30.21 |
|
| 41.24 |
|
Income tax expense (e) |
|
| 9.31 |
|
| 8.09 |
|
| 8.13 | (b) |
| — |
|
| 8.86 |
|
| 10.29 | (b) |
Results of operations |
| $ | 21.53 |
| $ | 16.15 |
| $ | 24.69 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 21.35 |
| $ | 30.95 |
|
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DECEMBER 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| �� |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues from net production |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Barrel of oil equivalent ($/bbl.)(c,d) |
| $ | 52.48 |
| $ | 48.63 |
| $ | 59.40 | (b) | $ | — |
| $ | 53.42 |
| $ | 29.75 | (b) |
Production costs |
|
| 13.22 |
|
| 10.02 |
|
| 8.22 |
|
| — |
|
| 11.70 |
|
| 15.40 |
|
Exploration expenses |
|
| 0.69 |
|
| 1.15 |
|
| 3.27 |
|
| — |
|
| 1.48 |
|
| 0.19 |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
| 3.17 |
|
| 1.69 |
|
| 2.84 |
|
| — |
|
| 2.90 |
|
| 0.86 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
amortization |
|
| 6.98 |
|
| 9.84 |
|
| 12.30 |
|
| — |
|
| 8.52 |
|
| 2.30 |
|
Pretax income |
|
| 28.42 |
|
| 25.93 |
|
| 32.77 |
|
| — |
|
| 28.82 |
|
| 11.00 |
|
Income tax expense (e) |
|
| 8.21 |
|
| 11.11 |
|
| 7.06 | (b) |
| — |
|
| 8.38 |
|
| 2.49 | (b) |
Results of operations |
| $ | 20.21 |
| $ | 14.82 |
| $ | 25.71 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 20.44 |
| $ | 8.51 |
|
FOR THE YEAR ENDED |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DECEMBER 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues from net production |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Barrel of oil equivalent ($/bbl.)(c,d) |
| $ | 47.69 |
| $ | 51.20 |
| $ | 46.77 | (b) | $ | — |
| $ | 47.76 |
| $ | 33.28 | (b) |
Production costs |
|
| 10.79 |
|
| 5.69 |
|
| 5.54 |
|
| — |
|
| 9.25 |
|
| 19.76 |
|
Exploration expenses |
|
| 1.06 |
|
| 4.07 |
|
| 1.50 |
|
| — |
|
| 1.81 |
|
| — |
|
Other operating expenses |
|
| 2.41 |
|
| 0.46 |
|
| 3.00 |
|
| — |
|
| 2.39 |
|
| 0.75 |
|
Depreciation, depletion and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
amortization |
|
| 5.65 |
|
| 4.23 |
|
| 9.30 |
|
| — |
|
| 6.34 |
|
| 1.77 |
|
Pretax income |
|
| 27.78 |
|
| 36.75 |
|
| 27.43 |
|
| — |
|
| 27.97 |
|
| 11.00 |
|
Income tax expense (e) |
|
| 7.53 |
|
| 17.21 |
|
| 3.78 | (b) |
| — |
|
| 7.47 |
|
| 1.86 | (b) |
Results of operations |
| $ | 20.25 |
| $ | 19.54 |
| $ | 23.65 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 20.50 |
| $ | 9.14 |
|
(a) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of the results of operations from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental’s share of the results of operations from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
(b) | Revenues and income tax expense exclude taxes owed by Occidental but paid by governmental entities on its behalf. |
(c) | Natural gas volumes have been converted to barrels of oil equivalent (BOE) based on energy content of six Mcf of gas to one barrel of oil. |
(d) | Revenues from net production exclude royalty payments and other adjustments. |
(e) | United States federal income taxes reflect certain expenses related to oil and gas activities allocated for United States income tax purposes only, including allocated interest and corporate overhead. Foreign income taxes were included in geographic areas on the basis of operating results. |
72
2007 Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) In millions, except per-share amounts | Occidental Petroleum Corporation and Subsidiaries |
Three months ended |
| March 31 |
| June 30 |
| September 30 |
| December 31 |
| ||||
Segment net sales |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas |
| $ | 2,916 |
| $ | 3,145 |
| $ | 3,536 |
| $ | 4,321 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 1,060 |
|
| 1,229 |
|
| 1,241 |
|
| 1,134 |
|
Other |
|
| 39 |
|
| 37 |
|
| 64 |
|
| 62 |
|
Net sales |
| $ | 4,015 |
| $ | 4,411 |
| $ | 4,841 |
| $ | 5,517 |
|
Gross profit |
| $ | 1,964 |
| $ | 2,206 |
| $ | 2,544 |
| $ | 3,105 |
|
Segment earnings |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas |
| $ | 2,008 |
| $ | 1,682 |
| $ | 2,029 |
| $ | 2,599 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 137 |
|
| 158 |
|
| 212 |
|
| 94 |
|
|
|
| 2,145 |
|
| 1,840 |
|
| 2,241 |
|
| 2,693 |
|
Unallocated corporate items |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense, net |
|
| (181 | ) |
| 6 |
|
| (11 | ) |
| (13 | ) |
Income taxes |
|
| (684 | ) |
| (904 | ) |
| (862 | ) |
| (1,057 | ) |
Other |
|
| (111 | ) |
| 203 |
|
| (52 | ) |
| (175 | ) |
Income from continuing operations |
|
| 1,169 |
|
| 1,145 |
|
| 1,316 |
|
| 1,448 |
|
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| 43 |
|
| 267 |
|
| 8 |
|
| 4 |
|
Net income |
| $ | 1,212 |
| $ | 1,412 |
| $ | 1,324 |
| $ | 1,452 |
|
Basic earnings per common share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations |
| $ | 1.39 |
| $ | 1.36 |
| $ | 1.58 |
| $ | 1.75 |
|
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| 0.05 |
|
| 0.32 |
|
| 0.01 |
|
| — |
|
Basic earnings per common share |
| $ | 1.44 |
| $ | 1.68 |
| $ | 1.59 |
| $ | 1.75 |
|
Diluted earnings per common share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations |
| $ | 1.38 |
| $ | 1.36 |
| $ | 1.57 |
| $ | 1.74 |
|
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| 0.05 |
|
| 0.32 |
|
| 0.01 |
|
| — |
|
Diluted earnings per common share |
| $ | 1.43 |
| $ | 1.68 |
| $ | 1.58 |
| $ | 1.74 |
|
Dividends per common share |
| $ | 0.22 |
| $ | 0.22 |
| $ | 0.25 |
| $ | 0.25 |
|
Market price per common share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
High |
| $ | 50.46 |
| $ | 59.73 |
| $ | 65.86 |
| $ | 79.25 |
|
Low |
| $ | 42.06 |
| $ | 49.07 |
| $ | 50.66 |
| $ | 63.29 |
|
73
2006 Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) In millions, except per-share amounts | Occidental Petroleum Corporation and Subsidiaries |
Three months ended |
| March 31 |
| June 30 |
| September 30 |
| December 31 |
| ||||
Segment net sales |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas |
| $ | 2,994 |
| $ | 3,163 |
| $ | 3,087 |
| $ | 2,946 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 1,241 |
|
| 1,273 |
|
| 1,265 |
|
| 1,036 |
|
Other |
|
| 30 |
|
| 34 |
|
| 50 |
|
| 56 |
|
Net sales |
| $ | 4,265 |
| $ | 4,470 |
| $ | 4,402 |
| $ | 4,038 |
|
Gross profit |
| $ | 2,357 |
| $ | 2,368 |
| $ | 2,336 |
| $ | 1,944 |
|
Segment earnings |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oil and gas |
| $ | 1,811 |
| $ | 1,857 |
| $ | 1,790 |
| $ | 1,422 |
|
Chemical |
|
| 250 |
|
| 251 |
|
| 248 |
|
| 157 |
|
|
|
| 2,061 |
|
| 2,108 |
|
| 2,038 |
|
| 1,579 |
|
Unallocated corporate items |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense, net |
|
| (29 | ) |
| (33 | ) |
| (18 | ) |
| (51 | ) |
Income taxes |
|
| (874 | ) |
| (851 | ) |
| (858 | ) |
| (771 | ) |
Other |
|
| (71 | ) |
| (82 | ) |
| (59 | ) |
| 113 |
|
Income from continuing operations |
|
| 1,087 |
|
| 1,142 |
|
| 1,103 |
|
| 870 |
|
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| 144 |
|
| (282 | ) |
| 67 |
|
| 60 |
|
Net income |
| $ | 1,231 |
| $ | 860 |
| $ | 1,170 |
| $ | 930 |
|
Basic earnings per common share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations |
| $ | 1.28 |
| $ | 1.33 |
| $ | 1.29 |
| $ | 1.03 |
|
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| 0.17 |
|
| (0.33 | ) |
| 0.08 |
|
| 0.07 |
|
Basic earnings per common share |
| $ | 1.45 |
| $ | 1.00 |
| $ | 1.37 |
| $ | 1.10 |
|
Diluted earnings per common share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income from continuing operations |
| $ | 1.26 |
| $ | 1.31 |
| $ | 1.28 |
| $ | 1.02 |
|
Discontinued operations, net |
|
| 0.17 |
|
| (0.32 | ) |
| 0.08 |
|
| 0.07 |
|
Diluted earnings per common share |
| $ | 1.43 |
| $ | 0.99 |
| $ | 1.36 |
| $ | 1.09 |
|
Dividends per common share |
| $ | 0.18 |
| $ | 0.18 |
| $ | 0.22 |
| $ | 0.22 |
|
Market price per common share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
High |
| $ | 49.00 |
| $ | 54.26 |
| $ | 55.45 |
| $ | 52.40 |
|
Low |
| $ | 40.94 |
| $ | 44.78 |
| $ | 44.01 |
| $ | 43.75 |
|
74
Supplemental Oil and Gas Information (Unaudited)
The following tables set forth Occidental’s net interests in quantities of proved developed and undeveloped reserves of crude oil, NGLs, condensate and natural gas and changes in such quantities. Crude oil reserves include condensate. The reserves are stated after applicable royalties. These estimates include reserves in which Occidental holds an economic interest under PSCs and other economic arrangements.
The reserve estimation process involves reservoir engineers, geoscientists, planning engineers and financial analysts. As part of this process, all reserves volumes are estimated by a forecast of production rates, operating costs and capital expenditures. Price differentials between benchmark prices and prices realized and specifics of each operating agreement are then used to estimate the net reserves. Production rate forecasts are derived by a number of methods, including estimates from decline curve analyses, material balance calculations that take into account the volume of substances replacing the volumes produced and associated reservoir pressure changes, or computer simulation of the reservoir performance. Operating costs and capital costs are forecast based on past experience combined with expectations of future cost for the specific reservoirs. In many cases, activity-based cost models for a reservoir are utilized to project operating costs as production rates and the number of wells for production and injection vary.
A senior corporate officer of Occidental is responsible for the internal audit and review of its oil and gas reserves data. In addition, a Corporate Reserves Review Committee (the Reserves Committee) has been established, consisting of senior corporate officers, to monitor and review Occidental's oil and gas reserves. The Reserves Committee reports to the Audit Committee of Occidental's Board of Directors periodically throughout the year. Occidental has retained Ryder Scott Company, L.P. (Ryder Scott), independent petroleum engineering consultants, to review its annual oil and gas reserve estimation processes since 2003.
Again in 2007, Ryder Scott has compared Occidental’s methods and procedures for estimating oil and gas reserves to generally accepted industry standards and has reviewed certain data, methods and procedures used in estimating reserves volumes, the economic evaluations and reserves classifications. Ryder Scott reviewed the specific application of such methods and procedures for a selection of oil and gas fields considered to be a valid representation of Occidental’s total reserves portfolio. In 2007, Ryder Scott reviewed approximately 10 percent of Occidental’s oil and gas reserves. Since being engaged in 2003, Ryder Scott has reviewed Occidental’s reserve estimation methods and procedures for approximately 57 percent of Occidental’s reported oil and gas reserves.
Based on this review, including the data, technical processes and interpretations presented by Occidental, Ryder Scott has concluded that the methodologies used by Occidental in preparing the relevant estimates generally comply with current Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) standards. Ryder Scott has not been engaged to render an opinion as to the reserves volumes reported by Occidental.
Estimates of proven reserves are collected in a database and changes in this database are reviewed by engineering personnel to ensure accuracy. Finally, reserves volumes and changes are reviewed and approved by Occidental's senior management.
In 2007, Occidental completed an exchange of oil and gas interests in Horn Mountain with BP for oil and gas interests in the Permian Basin and a gas processing plant in Texas. Occidental also sold its oil and gas interests in Pakistan to BP in 2007. In 2006, Ecuador terminated Occidental’s contract for the operation of Block 15, which comprised all of its oil-producing operations in the country, and seized Occidental’s Block 15 assets. Occidental has classified its Horn Mountain, Pakistan and Ecuador operations as discontinued operations on a retrospective basis and excluded them from all tables in the Supplemental Oil and Gas Information section.
75
Oil Reserves
In millions of barrels
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
| ||||||
|
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Total |
| Other Interests | (b) |
PROVED DEVELOPED AND UNDEVELOPED RESERVES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2004 |
| 1,469 |
| 67 |
| 322 | (a) | 1,858 |
| 43 |
|
Revisions of previous estimates |
| 29 |
| (13 | ) | (34 | ) | (18 | ) | 8 |
|
Improved recovery |
| 98 |
| 6 |
| 3 |
| 107 |
| — |
|
Extensions and discoveries |
| 7 |
| 3 |
| 36 |
| 46 |
| 1 |
|
Purchases of proved reserves |
| 108 |
| — |
| 4 |
| 112 |
| — |
|
Sales of proved reserves |
| (8 | ) | — |
| — |
| (8 | ) | — |
|
Production |
| (87 | ) | (13 | ) | (35 | ) | (135 | ) | (7 | ) |
Balance at December 31, 2005 |
| 1,616 |
| 50 |
| 296 | (a) | 1,962 |
| 45 |
|
Revisions of previous estimates |
| (28 | ) | 10 |
| 39 |
| 21 |
| (7 | ) |
Improved recovery |
| 69 |
| 33 |
| 14 |
| 116 |
| (1 | ) |
Extensions and discoveries |
| 3 |
| 7 |
| 14 |
| 24 |
| — |
|
Purchases of proved reserves |
| 98 |
| 152 |
| 4 |
| 254 |
| — |
|
Sales of proved reserves |
| (4 | ) | — |
| — |
| (4 | ) | — |
|
Production |
| (94 | ) | (26 | ) | (40 | ) | (160 | ) | (7 | ) |
Balance at December 31, 2006 |
| 1,660 |
| 226 |
| 327 | (a) | 2,213 |
| 30 |
|
Revisions of previous estimates |
| (20 | ) | (17 | ) | (43 | ) | (80 | ) | — |
|
Improved recovery |
| 114 |
| 17 |
| 52 |
| 183 |
| 1 |
|
Extensions and discoveries |
| 1 |
| 15 |
| 2 |
| 18 |
| (1 | ) |
Purchases of proved reserves |
| 47 |
| — |
| 10 |
| 57 |
| — |
|
Sales of proved reserves |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| (33 | ) |
Production |
| (95 | ) | (27 | ) | (43 | ) | (165 | ) | 1 |
|
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
| 1,707 |
| 214 |
| 305 | (a) | 2,226 |
| (2 | ) |
PROVED DEVELOPED RESERVES (c) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004 |
| 1,238 |
| 65 |
| 208 |
| 1,511 |
| 37 |
|
December 31, 2005 |
| 1,319 |
| 44 |
| 174 |
| 1,537 |
| 37 |
|
December 31, 2006 |
| 1,382 |
| 140 |
| 249 |
| 1,771 |
| 23 |
|
December 31, 2007 |
| 1,406 |
| 120 |
| 262 |
| 1,788 |
| (2 | ) |
(a) | All Middle East/North Africa amounts, except Libya, are related to PSCs, and do not include amounts related to taxes owed by Occidental but paid by governmental entities on its behalf. |
(b) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of reserves from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental’s share of reserves from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
(c) | Approximately three percent of the proved developed reserves at December 31, 2007 are nonproducing. Over half of these reserves are located in Latin America and the remainder is in the United States and Middle East/North Africa. Plans are to begin producing these reserves in 2008. |
76
Gas Reserves
In billions of cubic feet
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
| ||||||
|
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Total |
| Other Interests |
|
PROVED DEVELOPED AND UNDEVELOPED RESERVES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at December 31, 2004 |
| 2,083 |
| — |
| 768 | (a) | 2,851 |
| — |
|
Revisions of previous estimates |
| 53 |
| — |
| (32 | ) | 21 |
| 6 |
|
Improved recovery |
| 129 |
| — |
| — |
| 129 |
| — |
|
Extensions and discoveries |
| 96 |
| — |
| 331 |
| 427 |
| — |
|
Purchases of proved reserves |
| 164 |
| — |
| — |
| 164 |
| — |
|
Sales of proved reserves |
| (3 | ) | — |
| — |
| (3 | ) | — |
|
Production |
| (199 | ) | — |
| (16 | ) | (215 | ) | (6 | ) |
Balance at December 31, 2005 |
| 2,323 |
| — |
| 1,051 | (a) | 3,374 |
| — |
|
Revisions of previous estimates |
| (135 | ) | 45 |
| 59 |
| (31 | ) | 8 |
|
Improved recovery |
| 120 |
| — |
| 7 |
| 127 |
| — |
|
Extensions and discoveries |
| 58 |
| — |
| — |
| 58 |
| — |
|
Purchases of proved reserves |
| 274 |
| 161 |
| — |
| 435 |
| — |
|
Sales of proved reserves |
| (2 | ) | — |
| — |
| (2 | ) | — |
|
Production |
| (214 | ) | (12 | ) | (11 | ) | (237 | ) | (8 | ) |
Balance at December 31, 2006 |
| 2,424 |
| 194 |
| 1,106 | (a) | 3,724 |
| — |
|
Revisions of previous estimates |
| 35 |
| 5 |
| (130 | ) | (90 | ) | — |
|
Improved recovery |
| 406 |
| 5 |
| 6 |
| 417 |
| — |
|
Extensions and discoveries |
| 5 |
| 19 |
| 11 |
| 35 |
| — |
|
Purchases of proved reserves |
| 18 |
| — |
| — |
| 18 |
| — |
|
Sales of proved reserves |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
Production |
| (216 | ) | (15 | ) | (30 | ) | (261 | ) | — |
|
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
| 2,672 |
| 208 |
| 963 | (a) | 3,843 |
| — |
|
PROVED DEVELOPED RESERVES (b) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2004 |
| 1,628 |
| — |
| 100 |
| 1,728 |
| — |
|
December 31, 2005 |
| 1,833 |
| — |
| 73 |
| 1,906 |
| — |
|
December 31, 2006 |
| 1,940 |
| 137 |
| 560 |
| 2,637 |
| — |
|
December 31, 2007 |
| 1,997 |
| 140 |
| 932 |
| 3,069 |
| — |
|
(a) | All Middle East/North Africa amounts are related to PSCs, and do not include amounts related to taxes owed by Occidental but paid by governmental entities on its behalf. |
(b) | Approximately fourteen percent of the proved developed reserves at December 31, 2007 are nonproducing. Plans are to begin producing these reserves in 2008. |
77
STANDARDIZED MEASURE, INCLUDING YEAR-TO-YEAR CHANGES THEREIN, OF DISCOUNTED FUTURE NET CASH FLOWS
For purposes of the following disclosures, estimates were made of quantities of proved reserves and the periods during which they are expected to be produced. Future cash flows were computed by applying year-end prices, except in those instances where future oil or natural gas sales are covered by physical contract terms providing for higher or lower prices, to Occidental’s share of estimated annual future production from proved oil and gas reserves, net of royalties. Derivative instruments that qualify as cash flow hedges have not been included in the estimates of future net cash flows. Future development and production costs were computed by applying year-end costs to be incurred in producing and further developing the proved reserves. Future income tax expenses were computed by applying, generally, year-end statutory tax rates (adjusted for permanent differences, tax credits, allowances and foreign income repatriation considerations) to the estimated net future pre-tax cash flows. The discount was computed by application of a 10-percent discount factor. The calculations assumed the continuation of existing economic, operating and contractual conditions at each of December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005. However, such arbitrary assumptions have not necessarily proven to be the case in the past. Other assumptions of equal validity would give rise to substantially different results.
The year-end prices used to calculate future cash flows vary by producing area and market conditions. For the 2007, 2006 and 2005 disclosures, the West Texas Intermediate oil prices used were $95.98 per barrel, $61.05 per barrel and $61.04 per barrel, respectively. The Henry Hub gas prices used for the 2007, 2006 and 2005 disclosures were $6.795/MMBtu, $5.64/MMBtu and $10.08/MMBtu, respectively.
Standardized Measure of Discounted Future Net Cash Flows
In millions
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
| ||||||||||
|
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Total |
| Other Interests | (a) | |||||
AT DECEMBER 31,2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Future cash flows |
| $ | 169,836 |
| $ | 11,433 |
| $ | 25,195 |
| $ | 206,464 |
| $ | (187 | ) |
Future costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production costs and other operating |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
expenses |
|
| (59,832 | ) |
| (3,432 | ) |
| (4,949 | ) |
| (68,213 | ) |
| 74 |
|
Development costs (b) |
|
| (6,166 | ) |
| (1,407 | ) |
| (1,927 | ) |
| (9,500 | ) |
| (24 | ) |
Future income tax expense |
|
| (35,543 | ) |
| (2,171 | ) |
| (1,164 | ) |
| (38,878 | ) |
| 112 |
|
Future net cash flows |
|
| 68,295 |
|
| 4,423 |
|
| 17,155 |
|
| 89,873 |
|
| (25 | ) |
Ten percent discount factor |
|
| (40,043 | ) |
| (1,387 | ) |
| (6,145 | ) |
| (47,575 | ) |
| 5 |
|
Standardized measure |
| $ | 28,252 |
| $ | 3,036 |
| $ | 11,010 |
| $ | 42,298 |
| $ | (20 | ) |
AT DECEMBER 31, 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Future cash flows |
| $ | 101,755 |
| $ | 9,279 |
| $ | 18,436 |
| $ | 129,470 |
| $ | 1,139 |
|
Future costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production costs and other operating |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
expenses |
|
| (49,652 | ) |
| (3,002 | ) |
| (4,676 | ) |
| (57,330 | ) |
| (980 | ) |
Development costs (b) |
|
| (4,240 | ) |
| (1,213 | ) |
| (1,359 | ) |
| (6,812 | ) |
| (85 | ) |
Future income tax expense |
|
| (16,119 | ) |
| (1,778 | ) |
| (325 | ) |
| (18,222 | ) |
| 44 |
|
Future net cash flows |
|
| 31,744 |
|
| 3,286 |
|
| 12,076 |
|
| 47,106 |
|
| 118 |
|
Ten percent discount factor |
|
| (17,428 | ) |
| (1,178 | ) |
| (4,441 | ) |
| (23,047 | ) |
| (17 | ) |
Standardized measure |
| $ | 14,316 |
| $ | 2,108 |
| $ | 7,635 |
| $ | 24,059 |
| $ | 101 |
|
AT DECEMBER 31, 2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Future cash flows |
| $ | 103,993 |
| $ | 2,675 |
| $ | 15,574 |
| $ | 122,242 |
| $ | 1,695 |
|
Future costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production costs and other operating |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
expenses |
|
| (43,587 | ) |
| (830 | ) |
| (3,559 | ) |
| (47,976 | ) |
| (1,317 | ) |
Development costs (b) |
|
| (3,201 | ) |
| (86 | ) |
| (1,096 | ) |
| (4,383 | ) |
| (118 | ) |
Future income tax expense |
|
| (19,109 | ) |
| (880 | ) |
| — |
|
| (19,989 | ) |
| (8 | ) |
Future net cash flows |
|
| 38,096 |
|
| 879 |
|
| 10,919 |
|
| 49,894 |
|
| 252 |
|
Ten percent discount factor |
|
| (21,411 | ) |
| (223 | ) |
| (4,463 | ) |
| (26,097 | ) |
| (53 | ) |
Standardized measure |
| $ | 16,685 |
| $ | 656 |
| $ | 6,456 |
| $ | 23,797 |
| $ | 199 |
|
(a) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of the future net cash flows from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental’s share of the future net cash flows from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
(b) | Includes dismantlement and abandonment costs. |
78
Changes in the Standardized Measure of Discounted Future
Net Cash Flows From Proved Reserve Quantities
In millions
For the years ended December 31, |
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
| |||
Beginning of year |
| $ | 24,059 |
| $ | 23,797 |
| $ | 14,805 |
|
Sales and transfers of oil and gas produced, net of production costs and other operating expenses |
|
| (9,553 | ) |
| (8,326 | ) |
| (6,403 | ) |
Net change in prices received per barrel, net of production costs and other operating expenses |
|
| 29,396 |
|
| (3,540 | ) |
| 12,978 |
|
Extensions, discoveries and improved recovery, net of future production and development costs |
|
| 6,650 |
|
| 2,647 |
|
| 3,014 |
|
Change in estimated future development costs |
|
| (3,345 | ) |
| (2,580 | ) |
| (1,561 | ) |
Revisions of quantity estimates |
|
| (2,152 | ) |
| 1,260 |
|
| (1,135 | ) |
Development costs incurred during the period |
|
| 3,054 |
|
| 2,449 |
|
| 1,810 |
|
Accretion of discount |
|
| 3,089 |
|
| 3,176 |
|
| 1,933 |
|
Net change in income taxes |
|
| (8,832 | ) |
| 388 |
|
| (3,842 | ) |
Purchases and sales of reserves in place, net |
|
| 1,817 |
|
| 4,186 |
|
| 2,041 |
|
Changes in production rates and other |
|
| (1,885 | ) |
| 602 |
|
| 157 |
|
Net change |
|
| 18,239 |
|
| 262 |
|
| 8,992 |
|
End of year |
| $ | 42,298 |
| $ | 24,059 |
| $ | 23,797 |
|
Average Sales Prices and Average Production Costs of Oil and Gas
The following table sets forth, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, Occidental’s approximate average sales prices and average production costs of oil and gas. Production costs are the costs incurred in lifting the oil and gas to the surface and include gathering, treating, primary processing, field storage, property taxes and insurance on proved properties, but do not include depreciation, depletion and amortization, royalties, income taxes, interest, general and administrative and other expenses.
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||
|
| United States |
| Latin America (a) | Middle East/ North Africa |
| Total |
| Other Interests (c) |
| ||||||||
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Oil | — | Average sales price ($/bbl.) |
| $ | 65.67 |
| $ | 56.66 |
| $ | 69.24 | (d) | $ | 64.86 |
| $ | 68.74 | (d) |
Gas | — | Average sales price ($/Mcf) |
| $ | 6.53 |
| $ | 2.66 |
| $ | 0.99 |
| $ | 5.68 |
| $ | — |
|
Average oil and gas production cost ($/bbl.) (b) |
| $ | 14.81 |
| $ | 10.74 |
| $ | 8.91 |
| $ | 12.87 |
| $ | 14.44 |
| ||
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Oil | — | Average sales price ($/bbl.) |
| $ | 57.84 |
| $ | 52.40 |
| $ | 61.58 | (d) | $ | 57.81 |
| $ | 62.59 | (d) |
Gas | — | Average sales price ($/Mcf) |
| $ | 6.49 |
| $ | 2.00 |
| $ | 0.97 |
| $ | 6.00 |
| $ | — |
|
Average oil and gas production cost ($/bbl.) (b) |
| $ | 13.22 |
| $ | 10.02 |
| $ | 8.22 |
| $ | 11.70 |
| $ | 15.40 |
| ||
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Oil | — | Average sales price ($/bbl.) |
| $ | 50.12 |
| $ | 51.18 |
| $ | 49.88 | (d) | $ | 50.19 |
| $ | 50.42 | (d) |
Gas | — | Average sales price ($/Mcf) |
| $ | 7.10 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 0.96 |
| $ | 6.64 |
| $ | — |
|
Average oil and gas production cost ($/bbl.) (b) |
| $ | 10.79 |
| $ | 5.69 |
| $ | 5.54 |
| $ | 9.25 |
| $ | 19.76 |
|
(a) | Sales prices include royalties with respect to certain of Occidental’s interests. |
(b) | Natural gas volumes have been converted to BOE based on energy content of six Mcf of gas to one barrel of oil. |
(c) | Includes prices and costs applicable to the equity investee in Yemen. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007, and all years exclude the prices and costs applicable to the joint venture interest in Russia. |
(d) | Excludes taxes owed by Occidental but paid by governmental entities on its behalf. |
79
Net Productive and Dry — Exploratory and Development Wells Completed
The following table sets forth, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, Occidental’s net productive and dry–exploratory and development wells completed.
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
| ||||||||||
|
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Other Eastern Hemisphere |
| Total |
| Other Interests | (a) | ||
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Oil | — | Exploratory |
| 2.5 |
| 9.0 |
| — |
| — |
| 11.5 |
| — |
|
|
| Development |
| 383.1 |
| 335.0 |
| 114.8 |
| — |
| 832.9 |
| (20.3 | ) |
Gas | — | Exploratory |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
|
| Development |
| 84.7 |
| — |
| 8.5 |
| — |
| 93.2 |
| — |
|
Dry | — | Exploratory |
| 4.5 |
| 0.5 |
| 1.7 |
| — |
| 6.7 |
| — |
|
|
| Development |
| 1.4 |
| 0.8 |
| 2.4 |
| — |
| 4.6 |
| 0.2 |
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Oil | — | Exploratory |
| 0.5 |
| 11.0 |
| 2.4 |
| 0.2 |
| 14.1 |
| — |
|
|
| Development |
| 437.9 |
| 173.9 |
| 75.6 |
| — |
| 687.4 |
| (1.4 | ) |
Gas | — | Exploratory |
| — |
| — |
| 2.1 |
| — |
| 2.1 |
| — |
|
|
| Development |
| 124.7 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| 124.7 |
| — |
|
Dry | — | Exploratory |
| 4.7 |
| 0.4 |
| 2.3 |
| 0.3 |
| 7.7 |
| 0.4 |
|
|
| Development |
| 21.5 |
| 4.0 |
| 3.7 |
| — |
| 29.2 |
| — |
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
Oil | — | Exploratory |
| 1.5 |
| 1.6 |
| 4.7 |
| 0.2 |
| 8.0 |
| (0.3 | ) |
|
| Development |
| 374.4 |
| 20.2 |
| 102.6 |
| — |
| 497.2 |
| (0.1 | ) |
Gas | — | Exploratory |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| — |
|
|
| Development |
| 104.3 |
| — |
| — |
| — |
| 104.3 |
| — |
|
Dry | — | Exploratory |
| 2.5 |
| 2.0 |
| 2.9 |
| 1.5 |
| 8.9 |
| (0.4 | ) |
|
| Development |
| 13.1 |
| 1.0 |
| 4.9 |
| — |
| 19.0 |
| — |
|
(a) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of the amounts applicable from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental’s share of the amounts applicable from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
Productive Oil and Gas Wells
The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2007, Occidental’s productive oil and gas wells (both producing and capable of production).
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
|
| ||||||||||||
Wells at December 31, 2007 |
| United States | (d) | Latin America | (d) | Middle East/ North Africa | (d) | Total | (d) | Other Interests | (c) | ||||||||
Oil | — | Gross (a) |
| 23,697 | (701) |
| 3,333 | (2,388) |
| 1,338 | (19) |
| 28,368 | (3,108) |
| 18 |
| (—) |
|
|
| Net (b) |
| 16,782 | (480) |
| 2,594 | (2,135) |
| 660 | (12) |
| 20,036 | (2,627) |
| (21 | ) | (—) |
|
Gas | — | Gross (a) |
| 3,350 | (197) |
| 190 | (161) |
| 56 | (2) |
| 3,596 | (360) |
| — |
| (—) |
|
|
| Net (b) |
| 2,841 | (132) |
| 188 | (161) |
| 31 | (2) |
| 3,060 | (295) |
| — |
| (—) |
|
(a) | The total number of wells in which interests are owned. |
(b) | The sum of fractional interests. |
(c) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of the amounts applicable from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental’s share of the amounts applicable from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
(d) | The numbers in parentheses indicate the number of wells with multiple completions. |
80
Participation in Exploratory and Development Wells Being Drilled
The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2007, Occidental’s participation in exploratory and development wells being drilled.
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
| ||||||||
Wells at December 31, 2007 |
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Total |
| Other Interests | (a) | ||
Exploratory and development wells |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||
| — | Gross |
| 59 |
| 19 |
| 20 |
| 98 |
| 1 |
|
| — | Net |
| 50 |
| 15 |
| 9 |
| 74 |
| — |
|
(a) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of the amounts applicable from an equity investee in Yemen. The 2006 and 2005 amounts include Occidental’s share of the amounts applicable from an equity investee in Yemen and a Russian joint venture, partially offset by the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007. |
At December 31, 2007, Occidental was participating in 117 pressure maintenance projects in the United States, 12 in Latin America and 29 in the Middle East/North Africa.
Oil and Gas Acreage
The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2007, Occidental’s holdings of developed and undeveloped oil and gas acreage.
|
| Consolidated Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
| |||||||||||||||
Thousands of acres at December 31, 2007 |
| United States |
| Latin America |
| Middle East/ North Africa |
| Other Eastern Hemisphere |
| Total |
| Other Interests | (e) | ||||||||
Developed (a) | — | Gross (b) |
| 5,076 |
|
| 570 |
|
| 1,234 |
|
| — |
|
| 6,880 |
|
| 98 |
|
|
|
| Net (c) |
| 3,337 |
|
| 496 |
|
| 529 |
|
| — |
|
| 4,362 |
|
| 27 |
|
|
Undeveloped (d) | — | Gross (b) |
| 1,723 |
|
| 3,981 |
|
| 34,409 |
|
| 2,409 |
|
| 42,522 |
|
| — |
|
|
|
| Net (c) |
| 1,133 |
|
| 3,631 |
|
| 24,960 |
|
| 722 |
|
| 30,446 |
|
| (213 | ) |
|
(a) | Acres spaced or assigned to productive wells. |
(b) | Total acres in which interests are held. |
(c) | Sum of the fractional interests owned based on working interests, or interests under PSCs and other economic arrangements. |
(d) | Acres on which wells have not been drilled or completed to a point that would permit the production of commercial quantities of oil and gas, regardless of whether the acreage contains proved reserves. |
(e) | The 2007 amounts reflect the minority interest in a Colombian subsidiary, partially offset by Occidental's share of the amounts applicable from an equity investee in Yemen. Occidental's joint venture interest in Russia was sold in 2007, and the 2007 amounts exclude the amounts applicable from the joint venture interest in Russia. |
81
Oil and Natural Gas Production Per Day
The following table sets forth, for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007, Occidental’s oil, NGLs and natural gas production per day.
|
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
| 2005 |
|
United States |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crude oil and liquids (MBBL) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
| 89 |
| 86 |
| 76 |
|
Permian |
| 167 |
| 167 |
| 161 |
|
Hugoton and other |
| 4 |
| 3 |
| 3 |
|
TOTAL |
| 260 |
| 256 |
| 240 |
|
Natural Gas (MMCF) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
California |
| 254 |
| 256 |
| 242 |
|
Hugoton and other |
| 153 |
| 138 |
| 133 |
|
Permian |
| 186 |
| 194 |
| 170 |
|
TOTAL |
| 593 |
| 588 |
| 545 |
|
Latin America |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crude oil (MBBL) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Argentina |
| 32 |
| 33 |
| — |
|
Colombia |
| 42 |
| 38 |
| 36 |
|
TOTAL |
| 74 |
| 71 |
| 36 |
|
Natural Gas (MMCF) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Argentina |
| 22 |
| 17 |
| — |
|
Bolivia |
| 18 |
| 17 |
| — |
|
TOTAL |
| 40 |
| 34 |
| — |
|
Middle East/North Africa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Crude oil (MBBL) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oman |
| 20 |
| 18 |
| 17 |
|
Dolphin |
| 4 |
| — |
| — |
|
Qatar |
| 48 |
| 43 |
| 42 |
|
Yemen |
| 25 |
| 29 |
| 28 |
|
Libya |
| 22 |
| 23 |
| 8 |
|
TOTAL |
| 119 |
| 113 |
| 95 |
|
Natural Gas (MMCF) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Oman |
| 30 |
| 30 |
| 44 |
|
Dolphin |
| 51 |
| — |
| — |
|
TOTAL |
| 81 |
| 30 |
| 44 |
|
Barrels of Oil Equivalent (MBOE) (a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subtotal consolidated subsidiaries |
| 573 |
| 549 |
| 469 |
|
Colombia – minority interest |
| (5 | ) | (5 | ) | (4 | ) |
Yemen – Occidental net interest |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| 1 |
|
Total worldwide production (b) |
| 570 |
| 545 |
| 466 |
|
(a) | Natural gas volumes have been converted to BOE based on energy content of six Mcf of gas to one barrel of oil. |
(b) | Occidental has classified its Pakistan, Horn Mountain and Ecuador operations as discontinued operations on a retrospective application basis and excluded them from this table. Excluded production from Pakistan operations averaged 17,000 BOE per day in 2006 and 18,000 BOE per day in 2005. Excluded production from Horn Mountain operations averaged 13,000 BOE per day in 2006 and 14,000 BOE per day in 2005. Excluded production from Ecuador operations averaged 43,000 BOE per day for the first five months of 2006 and 42,000 BOE per day in 2005. Also excluded is production from a Russian joint venture, which averaged 27,000 BOE per day and 28,000 BOE per day in 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
82
Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts In millions | Occidental Petroleum Corporation and Subsidiaries |
|
|
|
|
| Additions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ||||
|
| Balance at Beginning of Period |
| Charged to Costs and Expenses |
| Charged to Other Accounts |
| Deductions |
| Balance at End of Period |
| |||||
2007 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
| $ | 15 |
| $ | 7 |
| $ | 13 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 35 |
|
Environmental |
| $ | 412 |
| $ | 108 |
| $ | 5 | (a) | $ | (68 | )(b) | $ | 457 |
|
Foreign and other taxes, litigation and other reserves |
|
| 323 |
|
| 11 |
|
| 10 |
|
| (171 | )(c) |
| 173 |
|
|
| $ | 735 |
| $ | 119 |
| $ | 15 |
| $ | (239 | ) | $ | 630 | (d) |
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
| $ | 27 |
| $ | — |
| $ | 5 |
| $ | (17 | ) | $ | 15 |
|
Environmental |
| $ | 418 |
| $ | 48 |
| $ | 17 | (a) | $ | (71 | )(b) | $ | 412 |
|
Foreign and other taxes, litigation and other reserves |
|
| 227 |
|
| 20 |
|
| 100 | (e) |
| (24 | ) |
| 323 |
|
|
| $ | 645 |
| $ | 68 |
| $ | 117 |
| $ | (95 | ) | $ | 735 | (d) |
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
| $ | 27 |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | — |
| $ | 27 |
|
Environmental |
| $ | 375 |
| $ | 63 |
| $ | 51 | (a) | $ | (71 | )(b) | $ | 418 |
|
Foreign and other taxes, litigation and other reserves |
|
| 1,061 |
|
| 43 |
|
| 11 |
|
| (888 | )(f) |
| 227 |
|
|
| $ | 1,436 |
| $ | 106 |
| $ | 62 |
| $ | (959 | ) | $ | 645 | (d) |
(a) | Primarily represents acquisitions. |
(b) | Primarily represents payments. |
(c) | Primarily represents reversal of liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits due to Occidental's adoption of FIN No. 48. |
(d) | Of these amounts, $123 million, $139 million and $138 million in 2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively, are classified as current. |
(e) | Primarily represents acquisitions and balance sheet reclassifications. |
(f) | Includes reversal of tax reserves of $874 million. |
83
ITEM 9 | CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE |
Not applicable.
ITEM 9A | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES |
DISCLOSURE CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Occidental's Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer and President and Chief Financial Officer supervised and participated in Occidental's evaluation of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in Occidental's periodic reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms. Based upon that evaluation, Occidental's Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer and President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that Occidental's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2007.
There has been no change in Occidental's internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of 2007 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, Occidental's internal control over financial reporting. Management’s Annual Assessment of and Report on Occidental’s Internal Control over Financial Reporting and the Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, set forth in Item 8, are incorporated by reference herein.
Part III
ITEM 10 | DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
Occidental has adopted a Code of Business Conduct (Code). The Code applies to the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, President and Chief Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer and persons performing similar functions (Key Personnel). The Code also applies to Occidental's directors, its employees and the employees of entities it controls. The Code is posted on the Occidental website www.oxy.com. Occidental will satisfy any disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding an amendment to, or waiver from, any provision of the Code with respect to its Key Personnel or directors by disclosing the nature of that amendment or waiver on its website.
This item incorporates by reference the information regarding Occidental's directors appearing under the caption "Election of Directors" and "Nominations for Directors for Term Expiring in 2009" in Occidental's definitive proxy statement filed in connection with its May 2, 2008, Annual Meeting of Stockholders (2008 Proxy Statement). See also the list of Occidental's executive officers and significant employees and related information under "Executive Officers" in Part I of this report.
ITEM 11 | EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION |
This item incorporates by reference the information appearing under the captions "Executive Compensation" and "Election of Directors — Information Regarding the Board of Directors and Its Committees" in the 2008 Proxy Statement.
ITEM 12 | SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT |
This item incorporates by reference the information with respect to security ownership appearing under the caption "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" in the 2008 Proxy Statement. See also the information under "Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans" in Part II, Item 5 of this report.
ITEM 13 | CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE |
This item incorporates by reference the information appearing under the caption "Election of Directors – Information Regarding the Board of Directors and its Committees – Independence" in the 2008 Proxy Statement.
ITEM 14 | PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES |
This item incorporates by reference the information with respect to accountant fees and services appearing under the sub-captions "Audit and Other Fees" and "Report of the Audit Committee" in the 2008 Proxy Statement.
84
Part IV
ITEM 15 | EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES |
(a) (1) and (2). Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedule
Reference is made to the Index to Financial Statements and Related Information under Item 8 in Part II hereof, where these documents are listed.
(a) (3). Exhibits
2.1* | Agreement and Plan of Merger among Occidental Petroleum Corporation, Occidental Transaction 1, LLC and Vintage Petroleum, Inc., dated as of October 13, 2005. (Disclosure schedules to this agreement have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K) (filed as Exhibit 2.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 13, 2005 (filed October 17, 2005), File No. 1-9210). |
3.(i)* | Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Occidental, dated November 12, 1999 (filed as Exhibit 3.(i) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1999, File No. 1-9210). |
3.(i)(a)* | Certificate of Change of Location of Registered Office and of Registered Agent, dated July 6, 2001 (filed as Exhibit 3.1(i) to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of Occidental, File No. 333-82246). |
3.(i)(b)* | Certificate of Amendment of Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Occidental Petroleum Corporation, dated May 5, 2006 (filed as Exhibit 3.(i)(b) to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, File No.1-9210). |
3.(ii)* | Bylaws of Occidental, as amended through May 3, 2007 (filed as Exhibit 3.(ii) to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated May 4, 2007 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
4.1* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation Amended and Restated Five-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of September 27, 2006, among Occidental; J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., as Co-Arrangers and Joint Bookrunners; JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. and Citibank, N.A., as Co-Syndication Agents, BNP Paribas, Bank of America, N.A., Barclays Bank PLC and The Royal Bank of Scotland plc, as Co-Documentation Agents, The Bank of Nova Scotia, as Administrative Agent (filed as Exhibit 4.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2006, File No. 1-9210). |
4.2* | Indenture (Senior Debt Securities), dated as of April 1, 1998, between Occidental and The Bank of New York, as Trustee (filed as Exhibit 4 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of Occidental, File No. 333-52053). |
4.3* | Specimen certificate for shares of Common Stock (filed as Exhibit 4.9 to the Registration Statement on Form S-3 of Occidental, File No. 333-82246). |
4.4 | Instruments defining the rights of holders of other long-term debt of Occidental and its subsidiaries are not being filed since the total amount of securities authorized under each of such instruments does not exceed 10 percent of the total assets of Occidental and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Occidental agrees to furnish a copy of any such instrument to the Commission upon request. |
All of the Exhibits numbered 10.1 to 10.82 are management contracts and compensatory plans required to be identified specifically as responsive to Item 601(b)(10)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K pursuant to Item 15(c) of Form 10-K.
10.1* | Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of July 19, 2007, between Occidental and Dr. Ray R. Irani (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated July 18, 2007 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.2* | Employment Agreement, dated as of January 13, 2005, between Occidental and Stephen I. Chazen (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, File No. 1-9210). |
10.3* | Employment Agreement, dated May 19, 2003, between Occidental and Donald P. de Brier (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2003, File No. 1-9210). |
10.4* | Form of Indemnification Agreement between Occidental and each of its directors and certain executive officers (filed as Exhibit B to the Proxy Statement of Occidental for its May 21, 1987, Annual Meeting of Stockholders, File No. 1-9210). |
10.5* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation Split Dollar Life Insurance Program and Related Documents (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended September 30, 1994, File No. 1-9210). |
10.6* | Split Dollar Life Insurance Agreement, dated January 24, 2002, by and between Occidental and Donald P. de Brier (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2002, File No. 1-9210). |
10.7* | Occidental Petroleum Insured Medical Plan, as amended and restated effective April 29, 1994, amending and restating the Occidental Petroleum Corporation Executive Medical Plan (as amended and restated effective April 1, 1993) (filed as Exhibit 10 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ending March 31, 1994, File No. 1-9210). |
10.8* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation Modified Deferred Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.12 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 12, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
_________________________
* Incorporated herein by reference
85
10.9* | Amendment No. 1 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Modified Deferred Compensation Plan, effective as of January 1, 2007 (filed as Exhibit 10.9 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, File No. 1-9210). |
10.10 | Amendment No. 2 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Modified Deferred Compensation Plan. |
10.11* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation Senior Executive Supplemental Life Insurance Plan (effective as of January 1, 1986, as amended and restated effective as of January 1, 1996) (filed as Exhibit 10.25 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995, File No. 1-9210). |
10.12* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation Senior Executive Survivor Benefit Plan (effective as of January 1, 1986, as amended and restated effective as of January 1, 1996) (filed as Exhibit 10.27 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995, File No. 1-9210). |
10.13* | Amendment No. 1 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Senior Executive Survivor Benefit Plan, dated February 28, 2002 (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2002, File No. 1-9210). |
10.14* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation 1996 Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors, amended October 11, 2007 (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007, File No. 1-9210). |
10.15* | Form of Restricted Stock Option Assignment under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 1996 Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors (filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Registration Statement on Form S-8 of Occidental, File No. 333-02901). |
10.16* | Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 1996 Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2003, File No. 1-9210). |
10.17* | Amendment to Form of Restricted Stock Agreement under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 1996 Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007, File No. 1-9210). |
10.18* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan, Amended and Restated Effective as of January 1, 1999, reflecting amendments effective through March 1, 2001 (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2001, File No. 1-9210). |
10.19* | Amendment Number 2 to the Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan (As Amended and Restated Effective January 1, 1999 Reflecting Amendments Effective through March 1, 2001) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated December 7, 2004 (date of earliest event reported), filed December 8, 2004, File No. 1-9210. |
10.20 | Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan II. |
10.21 | Amendment Number 1 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan II. |
10.22 | Amendment Number 2 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan II. |
10.23 | Amendment Number 3 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan II. |
10.24* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (as amended through September 12, 2002) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2002, File No. 1-9210). |
10.25* | Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2001, File No. 1-9210). |
10.26* | Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2001, File No. 1-9210). |
10.27* | Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (July 2002 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2002, File No. 1-9210). |
10.28* | Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (July 2002 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2002, File No. 1-9210). |
10.29* | Form of Restricted Common Share Agreement (with mandatory deferred issuance of shares) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (December 2002 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.47 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2002, File No. 1-9210). |
10.30* | Global Restricted Stock Unit Amendment to the 2002 Terms and Conditions (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 12, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.31* | Amended And Restated Performance-Based Stock Award Terms And Conditions For January 1, 2003 Grant (Effective June 20, 2005) (Corporate) (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
_________________________
* Incorporated herein by reference
86
10.32* | Amended And Restated Performance-Based Stock Award Terms And Conditions For January 1, 2003 Grant (Effective June 20, 2005) (Chemicals) (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.33* | Terms and Conditions for Incentive Stock Option Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (July 2003 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2003, File No. 1-9210). |
10.34* | Terms and Conditions for Nonqualified Stock Option Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (July 2003 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2003, File No. 1-9210). |
10.35* | Terms and Conditions of Restricted Share Unit Award (with mandatory deferred issuance of shares) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (July 2003 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2003, File No. 1-9210). |
10.36* | Terms and Conditions of Restricted Share Unit Award (with mandatory deferred issuance of shares) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (December 2003 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.45 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, File No. 1-9210). |
10.37* | Global Restricted Stock Unit Amendment to the 2003 Terms and Conditions (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 12, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.38* | Amended And Restated Performance-Based Stock Award Terms And Conditions For January 1, 2004 Grant (Effective June 20, 2005) (Corporate) (filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.39* | Amended And Restated Performance-Based Stock Award Terms And Conditions For January 1, 2004 Grant (Effective June 20, 2005) (Chemicals) (filed as Exhibit 10.7 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.40* | Amended And Restated Performance-Based Stock Award Terms And Conditions For January 1, 2004 Grant (Effective June 20, 2005) (Oil and Gas) (filed as Exhibit 10.8 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.41* | Terms and Conditions of Stock Appreciation Rights Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2004, File No. 1-9210). |
10.42* | Terms and Conditions of Restricted Share Unit Award (without deferred issuance of shares) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2004, File No. 1-9210). |
10.43* | Global Restricted Stock Unit Amendment to the July 2004 Terms and Conditions (filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 12, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.44* | Terms and Conditions of Restricted Share Unit Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2001 Incentive Compensation Plan (December 2004 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.57 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004, File No. 1-9210). |
10.45* | Global Restricted Stock Unit Amendment to the 2004 Terms and Conditions (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 12, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.46* | Amended And Restated Performance-Based Stock Award Terms And Conditions For January 1, 2005 Grant (Effective June 20, 2005) (Corporate) (filed as Exhibit 10.9 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.47* | Amended And Restated Performance-Based Stock Award Terms And Conditions For January 1, 2005 Grant (Effective June 20, 2005) (Chemicals) (filed as Exhibit 10.10 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.48* | Amended And Restated Performance-Based Stock Award Terms And Conditions For January 1, 2005 Grant (Effective June 20, 2005) (Oil and Gas) (filed as Exhibit 10.11 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.49* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 99.1 to Occidental's Registration Statement on Form S-8, File No. 333-124732). |
10.50* | Terms and Conditions of Stock Appreciation Rights Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.12 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.51* | Terms and Conditions of Restricted Share Unit Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.13 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
_________________________
* Incorporated herein by reference
87
10.52* | Terms and Conditions of Restricted Share Unit Award (mandatory deferred issuance of shares) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.53* | Global Restricted Stock Unit Amendment to the July 2005 Terms and Conditions (filed as Exhibit 10.7 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 12, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.54* | Agreement to Amend Outstanding Option Awards, dated October 26, 2005 (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.55* | Terms and Conditions of Restricted Share Unit Award (mandatory deferred issuance of shares) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (December 2005 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.62 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.56* | Global Restricted Stock Unit Amendment to the 2005 Terms and Conditions (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 12, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.57* | Terms and Conditions of Performance-Based Stock Award (deferred issuance of shares) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (January 2006 version – Corporate) (filed as Exhibit 10.63 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.58* | Terms and Conditions of Performance-Based Stock Award (deferred issuance of shares) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (January 2006 version – Oil and Gas) (filed as Exhibit 10.64 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.59* | Terms and Conditions of Performance-Based Stock Award (deferred issuance of shares) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (January 2006 version – Chemicals) (filed as Exhibit 10.65 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.60* | Terms and Conditions of Target Performance-Based Restricted Share Unit Award Under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated July 19, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.61* | Terms and Conditions of Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (July 2006 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2006, File No. 1-9210). |
10.62* | Terms and Conditions of Restricted Share Unit Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (July 2006 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2006, File No. 1-9210). |
10.63* | Global Performance-Based Stock Amendment (filed as Exhibit 10.8 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 12, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.64* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Deferred Stock Program (Restatement Effective as of January 1, 2005) (filed as Exhibit 10.68 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.65* | Amendment to Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Deferred Stock Program (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2006, File No. 1-9210). |
10.66* | Amendment No. 2 to the Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Deferred Stock Program (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated October 12, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.67* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation Executive Incentive Compensation Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.69 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2005, File No. 1-9210). |
10.68* | Description of financial counseling program (filed as Exhibit 10.50 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, File No. 1-9210). |
10.69* | Description of group excess liability insurance program (filed as Exhibit 10.51 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, File No. 1-9210). |
10.70* | Executive Stock Ownership Guidelines (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2005, File No. 1-9210) |
10.71* | Form of Restricted Stock Award for Non-Employee Directors under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 10-K of Occidental dated February 16, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), filed February 22, 2006, File No. 1-9210) |
10.72* | Amendment to Form of Restricted Stock Award for Non-Employee Directors under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2007, File No. 1-9210) |
_________________________
* Incorporated herein by reference
88
10.73* | Form of Restricted Stock Award for Non-Employee Directors under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (2007 version) (filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2007, File No. 1-9210) |
10.74* | Director Retainer and Attendance Fees (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated February 16, 2006 (date of earliest event reported), filed February 22, 2006, File No. 1-9210) |
10.75* | Terms and Conditions of Performance-Based Stock Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (January 2007 version – Corporate) (filed as Exhibit 10.68 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, File No. 1-9210). |
10.76* | Terms and Conditions of Performance-Based Stock Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (January 2007 version – Oil and Gas) (filed as Exhibit 10.69 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, File No. 1-9210). |
10.77* | Terms and Conditions of Performance-Based Stock Award under Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan (January 2007 version – Chemicals) (filed as Exhibit 10.70 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Occidental for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006, File No. 1-9210). |
10.78* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan Return On Equity Incentive Award (Cash-based, Cash-settled Award) (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated July 18, 2007 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.79* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan Total Shareholder Return Incentive Award Agreement (Equity-based, Equity and Cash-Settled Award) (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated July 18, 2007 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.80* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan Long-Term Incentive Award Agreement (Equity-based, Cash-Settled Award) (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the Current Report on Form 8-K of Occidental dated July 18, 2007 (date of earliest event reported), File No. 1-9210). |
10.81* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan Occidental Oil And Gas Corporation Return On Assets Incentive Award Agreement (Cash-Based, Cash-Settled Award) (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2007, File No. 1-9210). |
10.82* | Occidental Petroleum Corporation 2005 Long-Term Incentive Plan Occidental Chemical Corporation Return On Assets Incentive Award Agreement (Cash-Based, Cash-Settled Award) (filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of Occidental for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2007, File No. 1-9210). |
12 | Statement regarding computation of total enterprise ratios of earnings to fixed charges for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2007. |
21 | List of subsidiaries of Occidental at December 31, 2007. |
23.1 | Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm's Consent. |
23.2 | Expert Consent. |
31.1 | Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
31.2 | Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
32.1 | Certifications of CEO and CFO Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
_________________________
* Incorporated herein by reference
89
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| OCCIDENTAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION | |
February 22, 2008 | By: | /s/ RAY R. IRANI |
|
| Ray R. Irani Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
| Title |
| Date |
/s/ RAY R. IRANI |
| Chairman of the Board of Directors |
| February 22, 2008 |
Ray R. Irani |
| and Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
/s/ STEPHEN I. CHAZEN |
| President and Chief Financial Officer |
| February 22, 2008 |
Stephen I. Chazen |
|
|
|
|
/s/ JIM A. LEONARD |
| Vice President and Controller |
| February 22, 2008 |
Jim A. Leonard |
| (Principal Accounting Officer) |
|
|
/s/ SPENCER ABRAHAM |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
Spencer Abraham |
|
|
|
|
/s/ RONALD W. BURKLE |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
Ronald W. Burkle |
|
|
|
|
/s/ JOHN S. CHALSTY |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
John S. Chalsty |
|
|
|
|
/s/ EDWARD P. DJEREJIAN |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
Edward P. Djerejian |
|
|
|
|
/s/ R. CHAD DREIER |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
R. Chad Dreier |
|
|
|
|
/s/ JOHN E. FEICK |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
John E. Feick |
|
|
|
|
90
Signature |
| Title |
| Date |
/s/ IRVIN W. MALONEY |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
Irvin W. Maloney |
|
|
|
|
/s/ RODOLFO SEGOVIA |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
Rodolfo Segovia |
|
|
|
|
/s/ AZIZ D. SYRIANI |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
Aziz D. Syriani |
|
|
|
|
/s/ ROSEMARY TOMICH |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
Rosemary Tomich |
|
|
|
|
/s/ WALTER L. WEISMAN |
| Director |
| February 22, 2008 |
Walter L. Weisman |
|
|
|
|
91
This report was printed on recycled paper.
© 2008 Occidental Petroleum Corporation
92
EXHIBITS
10.10 | Amendment No. 2 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Modified Deferred Compensation Plan. |
10.20 | Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan II. |
10.21 | Amendment Number 1 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan II. |
10.22 | Amendment Number 2 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan II. |
10.23 | Amendment Number 3 to Occidental Petroleum Corporation Supplemental Retirement Plan II. |
12 | Statement regarding computation of total enterprise ratios of earnings to fixed charges for each of the five years in the period ended December 31, 2007. |
21 | List of subsidiaries of Occidental at December 31, 2007. |
23.1 | Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm's Consent. |
23.2 | Expert Consent. |
31.1 | Certification of CEO Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
31.2 | Certification of CFO Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
32.1 | Certifications of CEO and CFO Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |