SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 |
x | | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| For the fiscal year ended October 30, 2005 |
| OR |
o | | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| For the transition period from ___ to ___ |
| |
| Commission file number 0-15451 |
PHOTRONICS, INC. |
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
Connecticut (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | | 06-0854886 (IRS Employer Identification Number) |
15 Secor Road, Brookfield, Connecticut 06804 |
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code) |
(203) 775-9000 |
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code) |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes o No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No x
As of April 29, 2005, which was the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the shares of the registrant common stock held by non-affiliates was approximately $522,673,894 (based upon the closing price of $15.90 per share as reported by the Nasdaq National Market on that date).
As of December 31, 2005, 41,325,482 shares of the registrant's common stock were outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE |
Proxy Statement for the 2006 | | |
Annual Meeting of Shareholders | | Incorporated into Part III |
to be held on April 4, 2006 | | of this Form 10-K |
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Forward-Looking Information
The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a "safe harbor" for forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of the Company. These statements are based on management's beliefs, as well as assumptions made by and information currently available to management. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words like "expect", "anticipate", "believe", "plan", "projects", and similar expressions. All forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. In particular, any statement contained in this annual report on Form 10-K, in press releases, written statements or other documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or in the Company's communications and discussions with investors and analysts in the normal course of business through meetings, phone calls and conference calls, regarding the consummation and benefits of future acquisitions, expectations with respect to future sales, financial performance, operating efficiencies and product expansion, are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the control of the Company. These factors may cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from anticipated results, performances or achievements. Factors that might affect such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, overall economic and business conditions; the demand and receipt of orders for the Company's products; competitive factors in the industries and geographic markets in which the Company competes; changes in federal, state and foreign tax requirements (including tax rate changes, new tax laws and revised tax law interpretations); the Company's ability to place new equipment in service on a timely basis; interest rate fluctuations and other capital market conditions, including foreign currency rate fluctuations; economic and political conditions in international markets; the ability to obtain additional financings; the ability to achieve anticipated synergies and other cost savings in connection with acquisitions and productivity programs; the timing, impact and other uncertainties of future acquisitions; the seasonal and cyclical nature of the semiconductor and flat panel display industries; the availability of capital; management changes; damage or destruction to the Company's facilities by natural disasters, labor strikes, political unrest or terrorist activity; the ability to fully utilize its tools; the ability of the Company to receive desired yields, pricing, product mix, and market acceptance of its products; changes in technology; and the ability of the Company to obtain necessary export licenses. Any forward-looking statements should be considered in light of these factors. Accordingly, there is no assurance that the Company's expectations will be realized. The Company does not assume responsibility for the accuracy and completeness of the forward-looking statements and does not assume an obligation to provide revisions to any forward-looking statements.
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS
General
Photronics, Inc. is one of the world's leading manufacturers of photomasks, which are high precision photographic quartz plates containing microscopic images of electronic circuits. Photomasks are a key element in the manufacture of semiconductors and flat panel displays (FPD), and are used as masters to transfer circuit patterns onto semiconductor wafers and flat panel substrates during the fabrication of integrated circuits (IC) and a variety of FPDs and, to a lesser extent, other types of electrical and optical components. The Company operates principally from nine manufacturing facilities, three of which are located in the United States, three in Europe, and one each in Korea, Singapore and Taiwan. The Company is also constructing two manufacturing facilities which are scheduled to be completed in 2006; a FPD facility in Taichung, Taiwan, and an IC facility in Shanghai, China.
Photronics, Inc. is a Connecticut corporation, organized in 1969. Its principal executive offices are located at 15 Secor Road, Brookfield, Connecticut 06804, telephone (203) 775-9000. Photronics, Inc. and its subsidiaries are collectively referred to herein as "Photronics" or the "Company." The Company's website is located at http://www.photronics.com. The Company makes available, free of charge through its website, its annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as soon as reasonably practicable after such materials are electronically filed or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission. The information contained or incorporated in the Company's website is not part of these documents.
Manufacturing Technology
The Company manufactures photomasks, which are used as masters to transfer circuit patterns onto semiconductor wafers and flat panel substrates. The Company's photomasks are manufactured in accordance with circuit designs provided on a confidential basis by its customers. The typical manufacturing process for a photomask involves the receipt and conversion of circuit design data to manufacturing pattern data. A lithography system then exposes the circuit pattern onto the photomask blank. The exposed areas are dissolved and etched to produce that pattern on the photomask. The photomask is inspected for defects and conformity to the customer design data, any defects are repaired, any required pellicles (protective translucent cellulose membranes) are applied and, after final inspection, the photomask is shipped to the customer.
The Company currently supports customers across the full spectrum of IC production and large area technologies by manufacturing photomasks using electron beam or optical-based technologies. Electron beam and laser-based systems are the predominant technologies used for photomask manufacturing. These technologies are capable of producing the finer line resolution, tighter overlay and larger die size for the larger and more complex circuits currently being designed. Electron beam and laser generated photomasks can be used with the most advanced processing techniques to produce the most advanced semiconductor devices intended for use in an array of products. These include devices used for microprocessors, memory, telecommunications and related applications. The Company currently owns a number of electron beam and laser-based systems. The production of photomasks by the optical method is less expensive and less precise. The optical method traditionally is used to manufacture less complex and lower priced photomasks.
The first several layers of photomasks are sometimes required to be delivered by the Company within 24 hours from the time it receives customers' design data. The ability to manufacture high quality photomasks within short time periods is dependent upon efficient manufacturing methods, high yield and high equipment reliability. The Company works to meet these requirements by making significant investments in manufacturing and data processing systems and statistical process control methods to optimize the manufacturing process and reduce cycle times.
Quality control is an integral part of the photomask manufacturing process. Photomasks are manufactured in temperature, humidity and particulate controlled clean rooms because of the high level of precision, quality and yields required. Each photomask is inspected several times during the manufacturing process to ensure compliance with customer specifications. The Company continues to make substantial investments in equipment to inspect and repair
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photomasks to ensure that customer specifications are met. After inspection and any necessary repair, the Company utilizes proprietary processes to clean the photomasks prior to shipment.
The vast majority of photomasks produced for the semiconductor industry employ geometries of 90 nanometer or larger for ICs, and Generation 5 technologies or lower for FPDs. At these geometries, the Company can produce full lines of photomasks and there is no significant technology employed by the Company's competitors that is not available to the Company. Semiconductor fabrication also occurs below the 90 nanometer range for IC photomask and Generation 6 and above for FPD photomask technology. The Company is currently capable of producing a broad range of photomasks at these smaller geometries. However, as is typical of industries in the midst of technological change, some of the Company's competitors may be able to achieve higher manufacturing yields than the Company when producing these smaller geometry photomasks, in part because these competitors may have completed more cycles of learning than the Company in this area, and in part because of the Company's need to replicate production of these complex photomasks at its many locations worldwide. The Company believes that these cases are few and are not material to its business.
Sales and Marketing
The market for photomasks primarily consists of domestic and foreign semiconductor and FPD manufacturers and designers, including a limited number of manufacturers who have the capability to manufacture photomasks. Generally, the Company and each of its customers engage in a qualification and correlation process before the Company becomes an approved supplier. Thereafter, the Company typically negotiates pricing parameters for a customer's orders based on the customer's specifications. Some prices may remain in effect for an extended period. In some instances, the Company enters into purchase arrangements, based on the understanding that, as long as the Company's performance is competitive, the Company will receive a specified percentage of that customer's photomask requirements.
The Company conducts its sales and marketing activities primarily through a staff of full-time sales personnel and customer service representatives who work closely with the Company's management and technical personnel. In addition to the sales personnel at the Company's manufacturing facilities, the Company has sales offices throughout the United States, Europe and Asia.
The Company supports international customers through both its domestic and foreign facilities. The Company considers its presence in international markets important to attracting new customers, providing global solutions to its existing customers, and serving customers that utilize manufacturing foundries outside of the United States, principally in Asia. For a statement of the amount of net sales, operating income or loss, and identifiable assets attributable to each of the Company's geographic areas of operations, see Note 15 to the consolidated financial statements.
Customers
The Company primarily sells its products to leading semiconductor manufacturers. The Company's largest customers during the fiscal year ended October 30, 2005 ("fiscal 2005"), included the following:
Atmel Corp. | | National Semiconductor Corporation |
Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing, Ltd. | | Novatek Microelectronics Corp., LTD |
Chunghwa Picture Tubes, LTD | | Philips Semiconductor Manuf., Inc. |
Fairchild Semiconductor Intl., Inc. | | Polarfab LLC |
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. |
Magnachip Semiconductor | | Skyworks Solutions, Inc. |
Jazz Semiconductor, Inc. | | ST Microelectronics, Inc. |
LG Philips LCD Co., Ltd. | | Systems on Silicon Mfg. Co., Pte Ltd. |
Media Tek Inc. | | Texas Instruments Incorporated |
Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. | | United Microelectronics Corp. |
During fiscal year 2005, the Company sold its products and services to approximately 600 customers. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. accounted for approximately 24%, 18% and 16% of the Company's net sales in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. This included sales of both IC and FPD photomasks. The Company's five largest customers, in the aggregate, accounted for approximately 42% in fiscal 2005, 40% in fiscal 2004 and 36% in fiscal 2003, of net sales. A
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significant decrease in the amount of sales to any of these customers could have a material adverse effect on the financial performance and business prospects of the Company.
Seasonality
The Company's quarterly revenues can be affected by the seasonal purchasing of its customers. The Company is typically impacted during its first quarter by the North American and European holiday periods as some customers reduce their effective workdays and orders during this period. Additionally, the Company can be impacted during its first or second quarter by the Asian New Year holiday period which also may reduce customer orders. For fiscal 2006, the Asian New Year holiday will be in the Company's first quarter. At times, the Company's first quarter revenues have been down sequentially by as much as 10%. During the past three years, the second quarter resulted in increased sequential revenues of 5% to 12%.
Research and Development
Currently the Company conducts ongoing research and development activities in four of its advanced manufacturing locations covering all major regions represented by the Company's customer base, in order to maintain the Company's leadership in technology and manufacturing efficiency. Phase-shift and optical proximity corrected photomasks use advanced materials, designs and lithography techniques for enhancing resolution of images on a semiconductor wafer. The Company also conducts research and development activities in modeling and simulation necessary for effective integration of the most advanced mask-based optical lithography solutions. Currently these activities are focused on 65 nanometer and 45 nanometer node lithography and Generation 8 FPD technology, but the Company believes these core competencies will continue to be a critical part of semiconductor manufacturing as optical lithography continues to scale device capabilities below 65 nanometer. The Company has incurred expenses of $32.2 million, $30.5 million and $30.0 million for research and development in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The Company believes that it owns or controls valuable proprietary information necessary for its business as presently conducted. This includes trade secrets as well as patents. Recently, the Company has either applied for or been granted patents pertaining to its manufacturing processes. The Company believes that its intellectual property is and will continue to be important to the Company's technical leadership in the field of photomasks.
Patents and Trademarks
The Company owns or has rights to approximately 30 patents in the United States. The general subject matter of these patents relates to the manufacture of photomasks themselves and the use of photomasks to manufacture other products. The expiration dates of these patents range from 2011 to 2023. The Company also has a number of trademarks and trademark registrations in the United States and in other countries.
While the Company believes that its intellectual property is, and will continue to be, important to the Company's technical leadership in the field of photomasks, the Company's operations are not dependent on any one individual patent. The Company protects its intellectual property rights regarding products and manufacturing processes through patents and trade secrets. The Company also relies on non-disclosure agreements with employees and vendors to protect its intellectual property and proprietary processes.
Materials, Supplies and Equipment
Raw materials used by the Company generally include high precision quartz plates (including large area plates), which are used as photomask blanks, primarily obtained from Japanese and Korean suppliers, among others; pellicles, electronic grade chemicals, which are used in the manufacturing process; and compacts, which are durable plastic containers in which photomasks are shipped. These materials are generally sourced from several suppliers and the Company is not dependent on any one supplier for its raw materials. The Company believes that its utilization of a select group of strategic suppliers enables it to access the most advanced materials technologically available. On an ongoing basis, the Company continues to consider additional supplier sources.
The Company relies on a limited number of equipment suppliers to develop and supply the equipment used in the photomask manufacturing process. Although the Company has been able to obtain equipment on a timely basis, the inability to obtain equipment when required could adversely affect the Company's business and results of operations. The
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Company also relies on these and additional suppliers to develop future generations of manufacturing systems to support the Company's requirements.
Backlog
The first several levels of a set of photomasks for a circuit pattern at times are required to be shipped within 24 hours of receiving a customer's designs. Because of the short period between order and shipment dates (typically from one day to two weeks) for a significant amount of the Company's sales, the dollar amount of current backlog is not considered to be a reliable indication of future sales volume.
International Operations
International sales were approximately 69%, 64% and 59% of the Company's sales in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The Company believes that maintaining significant international operations requires it to have, among other things, a local presence in the markets in which it operates. This requires a significant investment in financial, management, operational and other resources.
Operations outside the United States are subject to inherent risks, including fluctuations in exchange rates, political and economic conditions in various countries, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other trade barriers, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, longer accounts receivable collection cycles and potentially adverse tax consequences. These factors may have a material adverse effect on the Company's ability to generate sales outside the United States and, consequently, on its business and results of operations.
Note 15 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements reports net sales, operating income (loss) and total assets by geographic region.
Competition
The photomask industry is highly competitive and most of the Company's customers utilize more than one photomask supplier. The Company's ability to compete depends primarily upon the consistency of product quality and timeliness of delivery, as well as pricing, technical capability and service. The Company also believes that proximity to customers is an important factor in certain markets. Certain competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, sales, marketing and other resources than the Company. The Company believes that consistency of product quality, timeliness of delivery and price are the principal factors considered by customers in selecting their photomask suppliers. The Company's inability to meet these requirements could adversely affect its sales. The Company believes that it is able to compete effectively because of its dedication to customer service, its investment in state-of-the-art photomask equipment and facilities and its experienced technical employees.
The Company estimates that for the types of photomasks it manufactures (IC and FPD) the size of the total market (captive and merchant) is approximately $3.5 billion. Competitors include Compugraphics, Inc., Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Hoya Corporation, Taiwan Mask Corporation, Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. (Toppan) and Toppan Chungwha Electronics. In 2005 Toppan and DuPont Photomasks, Inc. (DPMI) completed their merger whereby DPMI became a wholly owned subsidiary of Toppan. The Company also competes with semiconductor manufacturers' captive photomask manufacturing operations that supply photomasks for internal use, and in some instances, also for external customers. The Company expects to face continued competition, which in the past, has led to pressure to reduce prices, which the Company believes contributed to the decrease in the number of independent manufacturers. This pressure to reduce prices may continue in the future.
Employees
As of November 30, 2005, the Company and its majority-owned subsidiaries employed approximately 1,440 persons on a full-time basis. The Company believes it offers competitive compensation and other benefits and that its employee relations are good. Except for employees in the United Kingdom, none of its employees are represented by a union.
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ITEM 1A. RISKS RELATING TO THE COMPANY'S BUSINESS
The Company is dependent on the semiconductor industry, which, as a whole, is volatile.
The Company sells substantially all of its photomasks to semiconductor designers, manufacturers and foundries, as well as to other high performance electronics manufacturers. The Company believes that the demand for photomasks depends primarily on design activity rather than sales volume from products using photomask technology. Consequently, an increase in semiconductor sales does not necessarily result in a corresponding increase in photomask sales. In addition, the reduced use of customized ICs, a reduction in design complexity or other changes in the technology or methods of manufacturing or designing semiconductors or a slowdown in the introduction of new semiconductor designs could reduce demand for photomasks even if demand for semiconductors increases. Further, advances in design and production methods for semiconductors and other high performance electronics could reduce the demand for photomasks. Historically, the semiconductor industry has been volatile, with sharp periodic downturns and slowdowns. These downturns have been characterized by, among other things, diminished product demand, excess production capacity and accelerated erosion of selling prices. The semiconductor industry suffered a severe downturn from 2001 until 2003, which had a significant impact on the Company's net sales and operating results.
The Company's sales of photomasks for use in fabricating high performance electronic products such as FPDs have increased and the Company's results may suffer if these new markets do not grow or if the Company is unable to serve these new markets successfully. As is the case with semiconductor photomask demand, the Company believes that demand for photomasks for FPDs depends primarily on design activity, and to a lesser extent upon an increase in the number of production facilities used to manufacture FPDs. As a result, an increase in FPD sales will not necessarily lead to a corresponding increase in photomask sales. The technology for fabricating FPDs continues to develop in order to increase the size and improve the resolution of FPDs. A slowdown in the development of new technologies for fabricating FPDs could reduce the demand for related photomasks even if demand for FPDs increases.
The Company's quarterly operating results fluctuate significantly and may continue to do so in the future.
The Company has experienced fluctuations in its quarterly operating results and anticipates that such fluctuations will continue and could intensify in the future. Fluctuations in operating results may result in volatility in the prices of the Company's securities, particularly its common stock and securities linked to the value of the Company's common stock. Operating results may fluctuate as a result of many factors, including size and timing of orders and shipments, loss of significant customers, product mix, technological change, fluctuations in manufacturing yields, competition and general economic conditions. The Company operates in a high fixed cost environment and to the extent its revenues and asset utilization increase or decrease, operating margins will be positively or negatively impacted. The Company's customers generally order photomasks on an as needed basis, and substantially all of the Company's net sales in any quarter are dependent on orders received during that quarter. Since the Company operates with little backlog and the rate of new orders may vary significantly from month-to-month, the Company's capital expenditures and expense levels are based primarily on sales forecasts. Consequently, if anticipated sales in any quarter do not occur when expected, capital expenditures and expense levels could be disproportionately high, and the Company's operating results would be adversely affected. Due to the foregoing factors, the Company believes that period-to-period comparisons of its operating results are not necessarily meaningful and that these comparisons cannot be relied upon as indicators of future performance. In addition, in future quarters the Company's operating results could be below the expectations of public market analysts and investors, which, in turn, could materially adversely affect the market prices of the Company's common stock and of the debt securities.
The Company incurred net losses in fiscal 2003 and fiscal 2002 and may incur additional future net losses.
The Company incurred net losses of $4.9 million in fiscal 2002 and $48.2 million in fiscal 2003. These net losses were incurred primarily due to the severe downturn experienced by the semiconductor industry beginning in 2001 and also reflect the consolidation, restructuring and related charges it took in response thereto. Although the Company returned to profitability in the quarter ended August 3, 2003 and has remained profitable in all subsequent quarters, it cannot be assured whether it will be able to sustain such profitability.
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The Company's industry is subject to rapid technological change and might fail to remain competitive.
The photomask industry has been and is expected to continue to be characterized by technological change and evolving industry standards. In order to remain competitive, the Company will be required to continually anticipate, respond to and utilize changing technologies of increasing complexity in both traditional and emerging markets that it serves. In particular, the Company believes that, as semiconductor geometries continue to become smaller and FPDs become larger with improved performance, it will be required to manufacture increasingly complex photomasks. Additionally, demand for photomasks has been, and could in the future be adversely affected by changes in methods of fabricating semiconductors and high performance electronics (that could affect the type or quantity of photomasks utilized), such as changes in semiconductor demand that favor field programmable gate arrays and other semiconductor designs that replace application-specific ICs. Additionally, increased market acceptance of alternative methods of IC designs onto semiconductor wafers, such as direct-write lithography, could reduce or eliminate the need for photomasks entirely in the production of semiconductors. Through fiscal 2005, direct-write lithography has not been proven to be a commercially viable alternative to photomasks, as it is considered too slow for high volume semiconductor wafer production. However, should direct-write or any other alternative methods of transferring IC designs to semiconductor wafers without the use of photomasks achieve market acceptance, the Company's business and results of operations would be materially adversely affected. If the Company is unable to anticipate, respond to or utilize these or other changing technologies, due to resource, technological or other constraints, its business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
The Company's operations will continue to require substantial capital, which it may not be able to obtain.
The manufacture of photomasks requires substantial investments in high-end manufacturing capability at existing and new facilities. The Company expects that it will be required to continue to make substantial capital expenditures to meet the technological demands of its customers and to position it for future growth. The Company's anticipated capital expenditures for fiscal 2006 are expected to be in the range of $90 million to $120 million. The Company cannot provide assurance that it will be able to obtain the additional capital required in connection with its operations on reasonable terms, if at all, or that any such expenditures will not have a material adverse effect on its business and results of operations.
The Company has been dependent on sales to a limited number of large customers; the loss of any of these customers or any reduction in orders from these customers could materially affect its sales.
Historically, the Company has sold a significant proportion of its products and services to a limited number of semiconductor manufacturers and, more recently, to service a growing demand from FPD manufacturers. During fiscal 2005, one customer, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd, accounted for approximately 24% of the Company's net sales. The Company's five largest customers, in the aggregate, accounted for 42% of net sales in fiscal 2005, 40% in fiscal 2004, and 36% in fiscal 2003. None of the Company's customers has entered into a long-term agreement with the Company requiring them to purchase the Company's products. The loss of a significant customer or any reduction or delay in orders from any significant customer, including reductions or delays due to customer departures from recent buying patterns, or market, economic or competitive conditions in the semiconductor or FPD industries, could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial performance and business prospects. The continuing consolidation of semiconductor manufacturers may increase the likelihood and adverse effect of losing a significant customer.
The Company depends on a small number of suppliers for equipment and raw materials and, if the Company's suppliers do not deliver their products to them, the Company may be unable to deliver its products to its customers.
The Company relies on a limited number of photomask equipment manufacturers to develop and supply the equipment it uses. These equipment manufacturers currently require lead times of approximately 10 to 14 months between the order and the delivery of certain photomask imaging and inspection equipment. The failure of such manufacturers to develop or deliver such equipment on a timely basis could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business and results of operations. Further, the Company relies on equipment manufacturers to develop future generations of manufacturing equipment to meet its requirements. In addition, the manufacturing equipment necessary to produce advanced photomasks could become prohibitively expensive.
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The Company uses high precision quartz photomask blanks, pellicles, and electronic grade chemicals in its manufacturing processes. There are a limited number of suppliers of these raw materials, and the Company has no long-term contract for the supply of these raw materials. Any delays or quality problems in connection with significant raw materials, particularly photomask blanks, could cause delays in shipments of photomasks, which could adversely affect the Company's business and results of operations. The fluctuation of exchange rates with respect to prices of significant raw materials used in manufacturing also could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business and results of operations, although they have not been material to date.
The Company faces risks associated with manufacturing difficulties.
The Company's complex manufacturing processes require the use of expensive and technologically sophisticated equipment and materials and are continuously modified in an effort to improve manufacturing yields and product quality. Minute impurities, defects or other difficulties in the manufacturing process can lower manufacturing yields and make products unmarketable. Moreover, manufacturing leading-edge photomasks is more complex and time consuming than manufacturing less advanced photomasks, and may lead to general delays in the manufacturing of all levels of photomasks. The Company has, on occasion, experienced manufacturing difficulties and capacity limitations that have delayed the Company's ability to deliver products within the time frames contracted for by its customers. The Company cannot provide assurance that it will not experience these or other manufacturing difficulties, or be subject to increased costs or production capacity constraints in the future, any of which could result in a loss of customers or could otherwise have a material adverse effect on its business and results of operations.
The Company is completing construction of two new photomask manufacturing facilities, one in Taichung, Taiwan and one in Shanghai, China in fiscal 2006. The Company has experienced in the past difficulties and delays in ramping up new production facilities. The Company cannot provide assurance that these new facilities will be completed on a timely basis or that it will not experience difficulties or delays in ramping up their production.
The Company's prior and future acquisitions may entail certain operational and financial risks.
The Company has made significant acquisitions throughout its history. Recent acquisitions have focused on increasing its manufacturing presence in Asia, including its acquisition of Photronics Semiconductor Mask Corporation (PSMC), a Taiwanese photomask manufacturer, in 2000 and PK Ltd. (PKL), a Korean photomask manufacturer, in 2001. The Company may make additional acquisitions in the future. Acquisitions place significant demands on the Company's administrative, operational and financial personnel and systems. Managing acquired operations entails numerous operational and financial risks, including difficulties in the assimilation of acquired operations, diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns, managing assets in multiple geographic regions, amortization of acquired intangible assets and potential loss of key employees of acquired operations. Sales of acquired operations also may decline following an acquisition, particularly if there is an overlap of customers served by the Company and the acquired operation, and these customers transition to another vendor in order to ensure a second source of supply. Furthermore, the Company may be required to utilize its cash reserves and/or issue new securities for future acquisitions, which could have a dilutive effect on its earnings per share.
The Company operates in a highly competitive industry.
The photomask industry is highly competitive, and most of the Company's customers utilize more than one photomask supplier. The Company's competitors include Compugraphics, Inc., Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd., Hoya Corporation, Taiwan Mask Corporation, Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. and Toppan Chungwha Electronics. The Company also competes with semiconductor manufacturers’ captive photomask manufacturing operations. The Company expects to face continued competition from these and other suppliers in the future. Many of the Company's competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, sales, marketing and other resources than it does. Also, some of the Company's competitors may be able to more rapidly develop and produce, and achieve higher manufacturing yields than the Company, when producing smaller geometry photomasks. The Company believes that consistency of product quality and timeliness of delivery, as well as price, technical capability and service, are the principal factors considered by customers in selecting their photomask suppliers. The Company's inability to meet these requirements could adversely affect its sales. In the past, competition led to pressure to reduce prices which, the Company believes, contributed to the decrease in the number of independent manufacturers. This pressure to reduce prices may continue in the future. In addition, certain semiconductor manufacturers such as International Business Machines Corporation, Micron Technology, Inc., NEC Corporation, Taiwan
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Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. and LG Phillips LCD Co., Ltd. possess their own captive facilities for manufacturing photomasks. Also, certain semiconductor manufacturers market their photomask manufacturing services to outside customers as well as to their internal organizations.
The Company's substantial international operations are subject to additional risks.
International sales accounted for approximately 69% of the Company's net sales for fiscal 2005, 64% in fiscal 2004, and 59% in fiscal 2003. The Company believes that maintaining significant international operations requires it to have, among other things, a local presence in the markets in which it operates. This requires a significant investment of financial, management, operational and other resources. Since 1996, the Company has significantly expanded its operations in international markets by acquiring existing businesses in Europe, establishing manufacturing operations in Singapore and acquiring majority equity interests in photomask manufacturing operations in Korea and Taiwan. The Company is completing construction of two new photomask manufacturing facilities in Asia, one in Taichung, Taiwan and one in Shanghai, China in 2006. As the served market continues to shift to Asia, the Company will continue to assess its manufacturing base and may close or open new facilities to adapt to these market conditions.
Operations outside the United States are subject to inherent risks, including fluctuations in exchange rates, political and economic conditions in various countries, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, tariffs and other trade barriers, difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations, longer accounts receivable payment cycles and potentially adverse tax consequences. These factors may have a material adverse effect on the Company's ability to generate sales outside the United States and, consequently, on its business and results of operations.
The Company's operating results are influenced by the performance of Asian economies.
In fiscal 2005, the Company derived approximately 53% of its net sales from Asia, compared to 47% in fiscal 2004 and 42% in fiscal 2003. As the Company continues to expand its operations in Asia, including its completion of its facilities in Taiwan and China, it expects sales in Asia will continue to represent a significant portion of its overall revenue mix. As a result, its business is exposed to risks presented by Asian economies. In recent years, Asian economies have been highly volatile and recessionary, resulting in significant fluctuations in local currencies, declining asset values and other instabilities. These instabilities may continue for some time or worsen, which could have a material adverse impact on its financial position and results of operations. Asian economies may also be adversely affected by the outbreak of the bird flu and any recurring outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in the region and by other geopolitical risks.
The Company's business depends on management and technical personnel, who are in great demand.
The Company's success, in part, depends upon key managerial, engineering and technical personnel, as well as its ability to continue to attract and retain additional personnel. The loss of certain key personnel could have a material adverse effect upon the Company's business and results of operations. There can be no assurance that the Company can retain its key managerial, engineering and technical employees or that it can attract similar additional employees in the future. The Company believes that it provides competitive compensation and incentive packages to its employees.
The Company may be unable to enforce or defend its ownership and use of proprietary technology.
The Company believes that the success of its business depends more on its proprietary technology, information and processes and know-how than on its patents or trademarks. Much of its proprietary information and technology relating to manufacturing processes is not patented and may not be patentable. The Company cannot offer assurance that:
* it will be able to adequately protect its technology;
* competitors will not independently develop similar technology; or
* foreign intellectual property laws will adequately protect its intellectual property rights.
- 10 -
The Company may become the subject of infringement claims or legal proceedings by third parties with respect to current or future products or processes. Any such claims or litigation, with or without merit, to enforce or protect its intellectual property rights or to defend the Company against claimed infringement of the rights of others could result in substantial costs, diversion of resources and product shipment delays or could force the Company to enter into royalty or license agreements rather than dispute the merits of these claims. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and financial position.
The Company may be unprepared for changes to environmental laws and regulations and may have liabilities arising from environmental matters.
The Company is subject to numerous environmental laws and regulations that impose various environmental controls on, among other things, the discharge of pollutants into the air and water and the handling, use, storage, disposal and clean-up of solid and hazardous wastes. Changes in these laws and regulations may have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial position and results of operations. Any failure by the Company to adequately comply with these laws and regulations could subject it to significant future liabilities.
In addition, these laws and regulations may impose clean-up liabilities on current and former owners and operators of real property without regard to fault and these liabilities may be joint and several with other parties. In the past, the Company has been involved in remediation activities relating to its properties. The Company believes, based upon current information, that environmental liabilities relating to these activities or other matters will not be material to its financial position or results of operations. However, there can be no assurances that the Company will not incur any material environmental liabilities in the future.
The Company's production facilities could be damaged or disrupted by a natural disaster or labor strike.
The Company's facilities in Taiwan are in a seismically active area. In addition, a major catastrophe such as an earthquake or other natural disaster or labor strikes or work stoppages at any of the Company's manufacturing facilities could result in a prolonged interruption of its business. Any disruption resulting from these events could cause significant delays in shipments of the Company's products and the loss of sales and customers.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
Not applicable.
Recent Developments
In November 2005, the Company increased its ownership to 99.7% with the acquisition of additional shares of PKL for cash of approximately $8.5 million.
ITEM 2. DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY
The following table presents certain information about the Company's photomask manufacturing facilities:
Location
| | Type of Interest |
| |
|
| | |
Allen, Texas | | Owned |
Austin, Texas | | Owned |
Brookfield, Connecticut (Building #1) | | Owned |
Brookfield, Connecticut (Building #2) | | Owned |
Bridgend, South Wales | | Leased |
Cheonan, Korea | | Owned |
Dresden, Germany | | Leased |
Hsinchu, Taiwan | | Leased |
Manchester, England | | Owned |
Singapore | | Leased |
- 11 -
The Company is in the advanced stages of construction on two new photomask facilities which are scheduled to be completed in fiscal 2006, one in Taichung, Taiwan, and one in Shanghai, China. The Company believes that its existing manufacturing facilities are adequate for further plant expansions at existing sites. The Company also leases administrative offices in Crolles, France and Athens, Greece. The Company's administrative headquarters are located in Brookfield, Connecticut in a building that it owns.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
The Company is subject to various claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company believes such claims, individually or in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the business of the Company.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matters were submitted to a vote of the Company's security holders during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2005.
PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY
AND RELATED SHAREHOLDERS' MATTERS
The Common Stock of the Company is traded on the NASDAQ National Market (NASDAQ) under the symbol PLAB. The table below shows the range of high and low sale prices per share for each quarter for fiscal year 2005 and 2004, as reported on the NASDAQ.
| High | | Low |
|
| |
|
Fiscal Year Ended October 30, 2005: | | | |
| | | |
Quarter Ended January 30, 2005 | $19.29 | | $14.27 |
Quarter Ended May 1, 2005 | 18.99 | | 14.80 |
Quarter Ended July 31, 2005 | 27.26 | | 15.75 |
Quarter Ended October 30, 2005 | 27.34 | | 17.35 |
| | | |
Fiscal Year Ended October 31, 2004: | | | |
| | | |
Quarter Ended February 1, 2004 | $22.82 | | $16.36 |
Quarter Ended May 2, 2004 | 21.09 | | 14.83 |
Quarter Ended August 1, 2004 | 19.02 | | 13.33 |
Quarter Ended October 31, 2004 | 19.31 | | 12.60 |
On December 31, 2005, the closing sale price for the Common Stock as reported by NASDAQ was $15.06. Based on information available to the Company, the Company believes it has approximately 9,000 beneficial shareholders.
The Company has not paid any cash dividends to date and, for the foreseeable future, anticipates that earnings will continue to be retained for use in its business.
The information regarding the Company's equity compensation required to be disclosed by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is incorporated by reference from the Company's 2006 definitive Proxy Statement into Item 12 of Part III of this report.
- 12 -
| | Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers | |
| |
| |
| |
Total Principal Amount of Convertible Notes Purchased
| |
Average Price Paid Per $1,000 Principal Amount of Convertible Notes
| | Total Number of Principal Amount of Convertible Notes Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs
| | Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value of Principal Amount of Convertible Notes) that May Yet to be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | | |
November | | $41,413,000 | | $1,015 | | $ - | | $ - | (1) |
| | | | | | | | | |
December | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
January | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
February | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
March | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
April | | 10,000,000 | | 1,010 | | - | | - | (1) |
| | | | | | | | | |
May | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
June | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
July | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
August | | 13,000,000 | | 1,010 | | - | | - | (1) |
| | | | | | | | | |
September | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
October | | | | | | | | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | $64,413,000 | | $1,013 | | $ - | | $ - | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | | |
(1) The Company does not have a specific bond repurchase program established and all of the repurchases were made in open market transactions. |
- 13 -
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial data is derived from the Company's consolidated financial statements. The data should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and other financial information included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
| Years Ended | |
|
| |
| October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 | | November 2, 2003 | | November 3, 2002 | | October 31, 2001 (g) | |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
OPERATING DATA: | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | $440,770 | | $395,539 | | $348,884 | | $386,871 | | $377,969 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Cost and Expenses: | | | | | | | | | | |
Cost of sales | 295,649 | | 260,232 | | 250,687 | | 276,451 | | 254,272 | |
Selling, general and administrative | 54,295 | | 53,487 | | 56,154 | | 57,973 | | 53,758 | |
Research and development | 32,152 | | 30,520 | | 29,965 | | 30,154 | | 24,858 | |
Consolidation, restructuring and related charges | -
| | -
| | 42,000
| (c)
| 14,500
| (e)
| 38,100
| (f)
|
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Operating income (loss) | 58,674 | | 51,300 | | (29,922) | | 7,793 | | 6,981 | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Other income (expense): | | | | | | | | | | |
Interest expense | (10,885) | | (14,723) | | (17,089) | | (20,004) | | (12,682) | |
Investment and other income, net | 7,556 | (a) | 4,468 | (b) | 5,346 | (d) | 6,713 | | 3,380 | |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Income (loss) before income tax provision (benefit) and minority interest |
55,345
| |
41,045
| |
(41,665)
| |
(5,498)
| |
(2,321)
| |
Income tax provision (benefit) | 10,058 | | 5,761 | | 924 | | (7,019) | | (3,000) | |
Minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries | (6,634)
| | (10,818)
| | (5,573)
| | (6,378)
| | (4,705)
| |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Net income (loss) | $38,653 | (a) | $24,466 | (b) | $(48,162) | (c) (d) | $(4,857) | (e) | $(4,026) | (f) |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Earnings (loss) per share: | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | $1.09 | (a) | $0.75 | (b) | $(1.50) | (c) (d) | $(0.16) | (e) | $(0.13) | (f) |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Diluted | $0.95 | (a) | $0.68 | (b) | $(1.50) | (c) (d) | $(0.16) | (e) | $(0.13) | (f) |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding: | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | 35,519 | | 32,564 | | 32,144 | | 31,278 | | 29,919 | |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Diluted | 45,256 | | 42,339 | | 32,144 | | 31,278 | | 29,919 | |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
- 14 -
BALANCE SHEET DATA: | |
| As of |
|
|
| October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 | | November 2, 2003 | | November 3, 2002 | | October 31, 2001 (g) |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | | |
Working capital | $300,557 | | $240,401 | | $256,872 | | $139,224 | | $52,236 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 412,429 | | 396,461 | | 387,977 | | 443,860 | | 402,776 |
Total assets | 945,729 | | 858,210 | | 863,903 | | 829,638 | | 664,202 |
Long-term debt | 238,949 | | 315,888 | | 368,307 | | 296,785 | | 188,021 |
Shareholders' equity | 561,875 | | 349,473 | | 308,329 | | 339,115 | | 287,161 |
(a) | Includes early extinguishment charge of $1.7 million after tax or $0.04 per diluted share in connection with the early redemption of $64.4 million of the Company's 4.75% convertible notes. |
| |
(b) | Includes early extinguishment charge of $1.2 million after tax or $0.03 per diluted share in connection with the early redemption of $48.5 million of the Company's 4.75% convertible notes. |
| |
(c) | Includes consolidation charge of $42.0 million ($39.9 million after tax or $1.24 per diluted share) in connection with the closure of the Company's Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing facility and the consolidation of the Company's North American operating infrastructure. |
| |
(d) | Includes early extinguishment charge of $0.9 million after tax or $0.03 per diluted share in connection with the early redemption of $62.1 million of the Company's 6% convertible notes. |
| |
(e) | Includes consolidation charge of $14.5 million ($10 million after tax or $0.32 per diluted share) in connection with the closure of the Company's Milpitas, California manufacturing facility and workforce reduction. |
| |
(f) | Includes consolidation charges of $38.1 million ($26.1 million after tax or $0.87 per diluted share) in connection with the final phase of the Company's merger with Align-Rite and subsequent consolidation of facilities in California, Florida and Germany. |
| |
(g) | Effective August 27, 2001, the Company acquired a majority of the total share capital of PKL, a photomask manufacturer based in Korea. The operating results of PKL have been included in the consolidated statement of operations since the effective date of the acquisition. |
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Results of Operations for the Years Ended
October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003
Overview
The Company sells substantially all of its photomasks to semiconductor designers and manufacturers, and manufacturers of FPDs. Further, photomask technology is also being applied to the fabrication of other higher performance electronic products such as photonics, micro-electronic mechanical systems and certain nanotechnology applications. Thus, the Company’s selling cycle is tightly interwoven with the development and release of new semiconductor designs and flat panel applications, particularly as it relates to the semiconductor industry’s migration to more advanced design methodologies and fabrication processes. The Company believes that the demand for photomasks primarily depends on design activity rather than sales volumes from products produced using photomask technologies. Consequently, an increase in semiconductor or FPD sales does not necessarily result in a corresponding increase in photomask sales. In addition, the reduced use of customized ICs, a reduction in design complexity or other changes in the technology or methods of manufacturing semiconductors or a slowdown in the introduction of new semiconductor or FPD designs could reduce demand for photomasks even if demand for semiconductors and FPDs increases. Further, advances in semiconductor and photomask design and semiconductor production methods could reduce the demand for photomasks. Historically, the semiconductor industry has been volatile, with sharp periodic downturns and slowdowns. These downturns have been characterized by, among other things, diminished product demand, excess production capacity and accelerated erosion of selling prices. The semiconductor industry had been in a downturn from 2001 until the end of 2003, which had a significant impact on the net sales and operating results of a majority of those companies in the industry.
- 15 -
End markets leading the global semiconductor industry out of the downturn in 2004 have been closely tied to consumer driven applications for high performance semiconductor devices, including, but not limited to communications and mobile computing solutions. The Company cannot predict the timing of the industry’s transition to volume production of next generation technology nodes or the timing of up and down cycles with precise accuracy, but believes that such transitions and cycles will continue into the future, beneficially and adversely affecting its business, financial condition and operating results in the near term. The Company’s ability to remain successful in these environments is based upon achieving its goals of being a service and technology leader, an efficient solutions supplier, and a company able to continually reinvest in its global infrastructure.
As of December 2005, state-of-the-art for semiconductor masks is considered to be 65 nanometer and Generation 6 - Generation 7 process technology, while 90 nanometer is being moved into volume production. 130 and 180 nanometer and Generation 3 through Generation 5 process technology for FPDs constitute the majority of high performance designs being fabricated in volume today. The Company expects there to be an increase in 90 nanometer designs moving to wafer fabrication throughout fiscal 2006 and believes it is well positioned to service an increasing volume of this business through investments in manufacturing process and technology in the global regions where its customers are located. In 2004 and 2005, the Company has experienced growth in demand for FPD photomasks, which it currently supplies from its existing facility in Korea. The Company is in the advanced stages of construction on two new photomask facilities, one in Taichung, Taiwan, and one in Shanghai, China. The Company’s new facility in Taiwan will be able to serve the demand for large mask solutions to support Taiwan’s expanding FPD fabrication industry.
The photomask industry has been, and is expected to continue to be, characterized by technological change and evolving industry standards. In order to remain competitive, the Company will be required to continually anticipate, respond to and utilize changing technologies. In particular, the Company believes that, as semiconductor geometries continue to become smaller, it will be required to manufacture complex optically-enhanced reticles, including optical proximity correction and phase-shift photomasks. Additionally, demand for photomasks has been, and could in the future be adversely affected by changes in methods of semiconductor manufacturing (which could affect the type or quantity of photomasks utilized), such as changes in semiconductor demand that favor field programmable gate arrays and other semiconductor designs that replace application-specific ICs. Through fiscal 2005, the Company has not experienced a significant loss of revenue as a result of alternative semiconductor design methodologies. Additionally, increased market acceptance of alternative methods of transferring circuit designs onto semiconductor wafers, such as direct-write lithography, could reduce or eliminate the need for photomasks. Through fiscal 2005, direct-write lithography has not been proven to be a commercially viable alternative to photomasks, as it is considered too slow for high volume semiconductor wafer production. However, should direct-write or any other alternative methods of transferring IC designs to semiconductor wafers be done without the use of photomasks, the Company's business and results of operations would be materially adversely affected. If the Company is unable to anticipate, respond to, or utilize these or other changing technologies, due to resource, technological or other constraints, its business and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.
Both revenues and costs have been affected by the increased demand for high-end technology photomasks that require more advanced manufacturing capabilities but generally command higher average selling prices (ASPs). To meet the technological demands of its customers and position the Company for future growth, the Company continues to make substantial investments in high-end manufacturing capability both at existing and new facilities. The Company's cash payments for capital expenditures for new facilities and equipment to support its customers' requirements for high-end technology products was an aggregate of approximately $246 million for the three fiscal years ended October 30, 2005, resulting in significant increases in operating expenses. Based on the anticipated technological changes in the industry, the Company expects these trends to continue.
The manufacture of photomasks for use in fabricating ICs and other related products built using comparable photomask-based process technologies has been, and continues to be, capital intensive-based upon the need to maintain a technology-based infrastructure. The Company's integrated global manufacturing network and employees, which consists of nine sites and two more under construction, represent a significant portion of its fixed operating cost base. Should sales volumes decrease based upon the flow of design releases from the Company's customers, the Company may have excess and underutilized production capacity that could significantly impact operating margins.
- 16 -
Currently, the vast majority of photomasks produced for the semiconductor industry employ geometries of 130 nanometers or larger. In the FPD market, a majority of photomasks produced are to support Generation 3 to Generation 5 processes. At these technologies, the Company can produce full lines of photomasks and there is no significant technology employed by the Company's competitors that is not available to the Company. Recently, a limited amount of semiconductor fabrication has begun utilizing 90 nanometer and Generation 6 and Generation 7 processes. The Company is currently capable of producing a broad range of photomasks at still smaller geometries, and has begun accelerating its efforts to support the development and production of photomasks for both the 65 nanometer and 45 nanometer technology nodes in semiconductors and Generation 8 in FPD. However, as is typical of industries in the midst of technological change, some of the Company's competitors may be able to achieve higher manufacturing yields than the Company when producing these smaller geometry photomasks, in part because these competitors may have completed more cycles of learning than the Company in this area and in part because of the Company's need to replicate production of these complex photomasks at its four advanced technology locations worldwide.
Results of Operations
The following table represents selected operating information expressed as a percentage of net sales:
| | Year Ended |
| |
|
| | October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 | | November 2, 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
Net sales | | 100% | | 100% | | 100% |
Cost of sales | | 67.1 | | 65.8 | | 71.9 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Gross margin | | 32.9 | | 34.2 | | 28.1 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | | 12.3 | | 13.5 | | 16.1 |
Research and development expenses | | 7.3 | | 7.7 | | 8.6 |
Consolidation, restructuring and related charges | | - | | - | | 12.0 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Operating income (loss) | | 13.3 | | 13.0 | | (8.6) |
Interest expense | | (2.5) | | (3.7) | | (4.9) |
Investment and other income, net | | 1.8 | | 1.1 | | 1.6 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Income (loss) before income tax | | | | | | |
provision and minority interest | | 12.6 | | 10.4 | | (11.9) |
Income tax provision | | 2.3 | | 1.5 | | 0.3 |
Minority interest | | (1.5) | | (2.7) | | (1.6) |
| |
| |
| |
|
Net income (loss) | | 8.8% | | 6.2% | | (13.8%) |
| |
| |
| |
|
Note: All the following tabular comparisons, unless otherwise indicated, are for the fiscal years ended October 30, 2005 (2005), October 31, 2004 (2004) and November 2, 2003 (2003), in millions of dollars.
Net Sales
| | | | | | | | Percent Change |
| | | | | | | |
|
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2005 to 2004 | | 2004 to 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
Total net sales | | $440.8 | | $395.5 | | $348.9 | | 11.4% | | 13.4% |
- 17 -
Net sales for fiscal year 2005 increased 11.4% to $440.8 million as compared to $395.5 million for fiscal year 2004. The increase in sales primarily relates to increased sales of FPD photomasks as a result of increased consumer demand for FPD applications, and to a lesser extent, an improved mix of sales of high-end IC photomasks driven by increased design releases in 2005 for devices using advanced semiconductor applications. During 2005, the Company's high-end sales mix, which is defined as sales of photomask sets for semiconductor design releases at or below 130 nanometer and for FPD sets utilizing Generation 6 and above technologies, improved to approximately 21% of sales, from approximately 11% of sales in 2004. As a result, the Company's ASPs improved during 2005 as high-end photomasks typically have higher ASPs. While the Company did experience increased unit demand for high-end photomasks in 2005, overall unit demand declined as a result of reduced units for mainstream IC photomasks, which are defined as 180 nanometer and above. By geographic area, net sales in Asia increased $47.3 million or 25.5%, Europe increased $3.6 million or 5.1%, and North America decreased $5.6 million or 4.0%.
Net sales for fiscal year 2004 increased 13.4% to $395.5 million as compared to $348.9 million for fiscal year 2003. The increase was primarily related to increased design releases in 2004 as a result of improved end user demand, consumer and corporate, for devices utilizing semiconductor applications. As a result, the Company experienced increased unit demand across all technology nodes during 2004. To a lesser extent, the Company's overall ASPs improved in 2004. The increased ASPs primarily relate to an improved high-end mix, which was defined as revenue at 180 nanometer and below design rules, and increased sales of large area masks which typically have higher ASPs. By geographic area, sales increased by $37.7 million in Asia and $10.4 million in Europe, while sales in North America decreased by $1.4 million.
Gross Margin
| | | | | | | | Percent Change |
| | | | | | | |
|
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2005 to 2004 | | 2004 to 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
Gross margin | | $145.1 | | $135.3 | | $98.2 | | 7.2% | | 37.8% |
Gross margin % | | 32.9% | | 34.2% | | 28.1% | | - | | - |
Gross margin, which is net sales less cost of goods sold, was 32.9% for fiscal 2005 as compared to 34.2% for fiscal 2004. The gross margin did not experience an increase in fiscal 2005 that would typically result from increased revenue as compared to the prior year period as a result of increased infrastructure costs associated with the expansion of the Company’s manufacturing base, primarily related to additional costs of equipment and production capability in Asia. Gross margin was also negatively impacted during 2005 by reduced unit volumes, primarily mainstream IC photomasks. The Company operates in a high fixed cost environment and to the extent that the Company's revenues and capacity utilization increases or decreases, gross margin will be positively or negatively impacted. The Company's gross margin could be negatively impacted in the future as the Company increases its fixed cost manufacturing base, principally in Asia.
During 2004, the Company's gross margin improved to 34.2%, as compared to 28.1% in fiscal 2003. This improvement was a result of improved utilization of the Company’s manufacturing network and improved high-end product mix as well as stabilization of pricing for mainstream products.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
| | | | | | | | Percent Change |
| | | | | | | |
|
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2005 to 2004 | | 2004 to 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
S,G&A expense | | $54.3 | | $53.5 | | $56.2 | | 1.5% | | (4.7%) |
% of net sales | | 12.3% | | 13.5% | | 16.1% | | - | | - |
- 18 -
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased modestly or 1.5% in 2005. During 2005, the Company experienced increased costs associated with the Company’s expansion in Asia, primarily related to the Company’s Taiwan FPD and China facilities and Sarbanes-Oxley compliance. These costs were somewhat mitigated by reduced salaries and wages in the United States and Europe.
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased for fiscal year 2004 as compared to 2003 by $2.7 million. This decrease is primarily attributable to the full year impact of reduced salaries and wages and selling expenses in North America associated with the Company’s 2003 North American consolidation initiatives coupled with ongoing cost reduction activities.
Research and Development
| | | | | | | | Percent Change |
| | | | | | | |
|
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2005 to 2004 | | 2004 to 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
R&D expense | | $32.2 | | $30.5 | | $30.0 | | 5.3% | | 1.9% |
% to net sales | | 7.3% | | 7.7% | | 8.6% | | - | | - |
Research and development expenditures consist primarily of global development efforts of high-end process technologies for advanced sub wavelength reticle solutions at and below 65 nanometers for IC photomasks and next generation FPD technologies. Research and development expenses increased 5.3% to $32.2 million in fiscal year 2005 as compared to fiscal year 2004 due to continued expenditures relating to high-end process technologies. In fiscal 2004, research and development expenditures were $30.5 million as compared to $30.0 million in 2003.
Consolidation, Restructuring and Related Charges
In March 2003, the Company initiated a plan to close its Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing facility and further consolidate its North American manufacturing network in order to increase capacity utilization and manufacturing efficiencies. Total consolidation and related charges of $42.0 million were recorded during the second quarter of fiscal 2003. Components of the charge include $3.4 million for workforce reduction of approximately 170 employees in the United States, $4.4 million for facility lease payments, and $34.2 million of non-cash charges for the impairment in carrying value of fixed assets. The majority of the photomasks produced at the Company's Phoenix, Arizona facility were cross-qualified with other United States manufacturing sites. Consequently, the decision to close the Phoenix, Arizona facility had minimal impact on United States production or customer service.
In August 2002, the Company implemented a plan to reduce its operating cost structure by reducing its workforce in the United States by approximately 135 employees and by ceasing the manufacture of photomasks at its Milpitas, California facility. Total consolidation and related charges of $14.5 million were recorded in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2002. Of the total charge, $10.5 million was non-cash for the impairment in carrying value of fixed assets, $2.5 million of cash charges for severance and benefits for terminated employees that were paid during their entitlement periods and $1.5 million of cash charges for facilities closing costs as well as lease termination costs.
The Company continues to assess its global manufacturing strategy as its sales volume continues to grow in Asia. This ongoing assessment could result, in the future, in facilities closures, asset redeployment, workforce reductions, and the addition of increased manufacturing facilities, all of which would be predicated by market conditions and customer requirements.
- 19 -
The following tables (in millions) set forth the Company's restructuring reserves as of October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003 and reflects the activities affecting the reserves for the years ended:
| Year Ended October 30, 2005 |
|
|
| October 31, 2004 | | | | | | October 30, 2005 |
| Balance | | Charges | | Credits | | Balance |
|
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | |
Manufacturing capacity reduction and other | $4.7 | | $ - | | $(2.5) | | $2.2 |
| | | | | | | |
Workforce reductions | - | | - | | - | | - |
|
| |
| |
| |
|
Total | $4.7 | | $ - | | $(2.5) | | $2.2 |
|
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | |
| Year Ended |
| October 31, 2004 |
|
|
| November 2, 2003 | | | | | | October 31, 2004 |
| Balance | | Charges | | Credits | | Balance |
|
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | |
Manufacturing capacity reduction and other | $5.9 | | $ - | | $(1.2) | | $4.7 |
| | | | | | | |
Workforce reductions | 1.5 | | - | | (1.5) | | - |
|
| |
| |
| |
|
Total | $7.4 | | $ - | | $(2.7) | | $4.7 |
|
| |
| |
| |
|
|
| Year Ended |
| November 2, 2003 |
|
|
| November 3, 2002 | | | | | | November 2, 2003 |
| Balance | | Charges | | Credits | | Balance |
|
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | |
Manufacturing capacity reduction and other | $4.3 | | $38.6 | | $(37.0) | | $5.9 |
| | | | | | | |
Workforce reductions | 1.7 | | 3.4 | | (3.6) | | 1.5 |
|
| |
| |
| |
|
Total | $6.0 | | $42.0 | | $(40.6) | | $7.4 |
|
| |
| |
| |
|
As of October 30, 2005, "manufacturing capacity reduction and other" of $2.2 million primarily represents non-cancelable lease obligations that will be paid over the respective lease terms through 2009.
Other Income (Expense)
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
Interest expense | | $(10.9) | | $(14.7) | | $(17.1) |
Investment and other income, net | | 7.6 | | 4.5 | | 5.3 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Total other expense | | $ (3.3) | | $(10.2) | | $(11.8) |
| |
| |
| |
|
- 20 -
Interest expense decreased $3.8 million in fiscal year 2005 as compared to $14.7 million in fiscal year 2004. The decrease was primarily a result of reduced year-over-year average outstanding debt. Investments and other income, net, increased $3.1 million as a result of increased investment income associated with the Company's $162.9 million net stock offering proceeds received in July 2005, increased grant income and foreign currency gains.
Interest expense decreased $2.4 million to $14.7 million for fiscal year 2004 as compared to fiscal year 2003. The decrease in interest expense is a result of reduced debt associated with the Company's redemption of $62.1 million of the Company's outstanding 6% convertible subordinated notes in June 2003 and the aggregate redemption of $48.5 million during 2004 of the 4.75% convertible subordinated notes. Investment and other income, net, decreased by $0.8 million in 2004 primarily due to reduced investment gains.
Income Taxes
The Company's operations have followed the recent migration of semiconductor industry fabrication to Asia, where the Company operates in countries where it is accorded favorable tax treatments. The Company is accorded a tax holiday in Taiwan which will expire in December 2006. The Company's tax holiday in Singapore expired in June 2005. In Korea, various investment tax credits have been utilized to reduce the Company's effective income tax rate.
The provision for income taxes for the fiscal year ended October 30, 2005 was $10.1 million or 18% of pretax income, which differs from the federal statutory rate of 35% as a result of tax holidays in Taiwan and Singapore, available tax credits in Korea and valuation reserves on tax losses generated in the United States.
The provision for income taxes for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 was $5.8 million on a pre-tax income of $41.0 million. Similarly, the provision differs from the federal statutory rate of 35% as a result of Taiwan's and Singapore's tax holidays, available tax credits in Korea, and valuation reserves on losses generated in the United States.
The Company evaluates the recoverability of deferred tax assets from future taxable income and establishes valuation allowances if recovery is deemed not likely. The valuation allowance increased by $7.8 million and $4.3 million in fiscal 2005 and 2004, respectively.
The availability of tax holidays in some Asian jurisdictions did not have a significant impact in the Company's decision to close some of its North American facilities nor in the Company's increased Asian presence which is in response to fundamental changes taking place in the semiconductor industry that the Company serves. As semiconductor fabrication has migrated to Asia, in large part from the United States, the Company has followed, in order to avoid a severe loss of business.
On October 22, 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act (AJCA) was signed into law. The AJCA creates a temporary incentive for United States multinationals to repatriate accumulated income earned outside of the United States. at an effective rate of 5.25%. The Company has evaluated the effects of the repatriation provision and has elected not to avail itself to the AJCA repatriation incentives.
Minority Interest in Consolidated Subsidiaries
Minority interest expense, which represents the minority interest in earnings of the Company’s non-wholly owned subsidiaries in Taiwan and Korea, was $6.6 million in fiscal year 2005 as compared to $10.8 million in fiscal year 2004. The decrease in minority interest expense is due to the increased ownership of the Company’s subsidiary in Korea, which is offset in part by increased earnings of these subsidiaries in 2005. The Company’s ownership in its subsidiary in Korea was 96.5% on October 30, 2005 and 75% at October 31, 2004. The Company’s ownership in its subsidiary in Taiwan was 58% at October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004, respectively. During 2005, the Company increased its ownership in its subsidiary in Korea from 75% to 96.5% at October 30, 2005 for cash of approximately $58.2 million. In November 2005, the Company increased its ownership in its subsidiary in Korea to 99.7% for cash of approximately $8.5 million.
The $5.2 million increase for 2004 over 2003 is a result of increased earnings of both locations in 2004. In December 2004, the Company increased its ownership to approximately 80% in its subsidiary in Korea with the acquisition of additional shares for cash of approximately $12.0 million.
- 21 -
Liquidity and Capital Resources
| | Fiscal Year Ended (in millions) |
| |
|
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | | $ 196.0 | | $ 142.3 | | $214.8 |
Short-term investments | | 90.6 | | 84.6 | | 17.0 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Total | | $ 286.6 | | $ 226.9 | | $231.8 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Net cash provided by operating activities | | $ 142.6 | | $ 109.1 | | $ 97.9 |
| | | | | | |
Net cash used in investing activities | | $(185.5) | | $(130.5) | | $(62.6) |
| | | | | | |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | | $ 98.6 | | $ (53.3) | | $ 64.1 |
In July of 2005, the Company issued 8,050,000 shares of its common stock in a public offering at a price of $21.25 per share. Net of underwriting fees and other offering costs, the Company’s net proceeds from the offering were approximately $162.9 million.
The Company's working capital increased $60.2 million to $300.6 million for fiscal year 2005 as compared to $240.4 million for fiscal year 2004. Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were $286.6 million at October 30, 2005 as compared to $226.9 million at October 31, 2004. The increase in 2005 was primarily the result of net proceeds of $162.9 million from its public stock offering and cash provided primarily by operations, less the redemption of $64.4 million principle of its 4.75% convertible subordinated notes, $58.2 million additional investment in PKL, and capital expenditures of $121.4 million.
Cash provided by operating activities was $142.6 million for fiscal 2005 as compared to $109.1 million for fiscal 2004 primarily due to increased net income generated in fiscal 2005. For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 cash provided by operating activities increased to $109.1 million from $97.9 million for the fiscal year ended November 2, 2003. The increase relates to the net income generated in 2004 as compared to a net loss in 2003.
Cash used in investing activities in fiscal 2005 increased to $185.5 million, as compared to $130.5 million in 2004, as a result of the $58.2 million additional investment in PKL and capital expenditures of $121.4 million. In fiscal 2004 cash used in investing activities was $130.5 million, which consisted principally of capital equipment purchases of $63.0 million and a net increase in short-term investments of $67.5 million. Capital expenditures for the fiscal years ended 2005, 2004, and 2003 were $121.4 million, $63.0 million and $61.7 million, respectively. The Company expects capital expenditures for fiscal 2006 to be approximately $90 million to $120 million. Capital expenditures for fiscal 2006 will be used primarily to continue to expand the Company's high-end IC and FPD technical capability. In November 2005, the Company invested an additional $8.5 million in PKL.
In fiscal 2005, cash provided by financing activities was $98.6 million which consists of $162.9 million net proceeds from the Company's public stock offering, less the $64.4 million redemption of the Company’s 4.75% subordinated notes and repayment of $7.7 million of other borrowings. The Company believes that its currently available resources, together with its capacity for growth and its accessibility to debt and equity financing sources, are sufficient to satisfy its cash requirements for the foreseeable future. The Company intends to repay the $86.0 million 4.75% convertible subordinated notes due December 2006 with its currently available cash and cash generated from fiscal 2006 operations.
The Company's commitments represent investments in additional manufacturing capacity as well as advanced equipment for the production of high-end, more complex photomasks. At October 30, 2005, the Company had commitments outstanding for capital expenditures of approximately $68.1 million. Additional commitments for capital requirements are expected to be incurred during fiscal 2006.
- 22 -
Cash Requirements
The Company's cash requirements over the next 12 months will be primarily to fund operations, including spending on research and development, capital expenditures and debt service, as well as any cash acquisitions that it may undertake. In addition, its 4.75% convertible subordinated notes, of which $86.0 million was outstanding at October 30, 2005, are due on December 15, 2006. The Company expects that cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet its cash requirements for the next 12 months. However, the Company cannot assure that additional sources of financing would be available to the Company on commercially favorable terms should the Company's capital requirements exceed cash available from operations and existing cash and short-term investments.
The Company regularly reviews the availability and terms on which it might issue additional equity or debt securities in the public or private markets.
Contractual Cash Obligations
The following table quantifies the Company's future contractual obligations as of October 30, 2005 (in millions):
| Payments Due |
|
|
|
Total
| | Less Than 1 Year | | 1 - 3 Years
| | 3 - 5 Years
| | More Than 5 Years |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | | |
Long-term debt | $243.8 | | $ 4.8 | | $236.0 | | $3.0 | | $ - |
| | | | | | | | | |
Operating leases | 3.8 | | 2.3 | | 1.4 | | 0.1 | | - |
| | | | | | | | | |
Unconditional purchase obligations | 71.1 | | 71.1 | | - | | - | | - |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
Total | $318.7 | | $78.2 | | $237.4 | | $3.1 | | $ - |
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
Certain Transactions
The Chairman of the Board of the Company is also the Chairman of the Board and majority shareholder of a company who is a supplier of secure managed information technology services. Another director of the Company is also an employee, shareholder and Executive Vice Chairman of this company. In 2002, the Company entered into a 52-month service contract with this company to provide services to all of the Company's worldwide facilities at a cost of approximately $3.2 million per year. Since then, the Company has entered into additional contracts with this company ranging from 12 months to 52 months to provide additional services. The Company incurred expenses of $3.7 million in 2005, $3.4 million in 2004, and $3.9 million in 2003 related to services provided by the company, for which the amount owed to this company was $0.3 million at October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004.
An officer of the Company is also the CEO, president and director of one of the Company's majority held subsidiaries. The Company purchases photomask blanks from a company of which this officer of the Company is a significant shareholder. The Company purchased $13.6 million, $8.3 million, and $2.2 million of photomask blanks from this company in 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively, for which the amount owed to this company was $1.8 million at October 30, 2005, $0.7 million at October 31, 2004 and $0.4 million at November 2, 2003, respectively.
The Company believes that the terms of the transactions described above with affiliated persons were negotiated at arm's-length and were no less favorable to the Company than the Company could have obtained from non-affiliated parties.
During fiscal year 2005, the Company initiated a plan to acquire all of the outstanding shares of its non-wholly owned subsidiary in Korea. As part of the purchase of outstanding shares, the Company acquired 1,136,036 shares or 3.4% from employees, including officers, of PKL for 8,980 won per share or $8.70 U.S. dollars per share. Two of these employees
- 23 -
are also officers of the Company. The total purchase price of $9.9 million from PKL employees represents a premium of approximately 15% per share above similar purchases of stock from other stockholders during the same time period.
Application of Critical Accounting Procedures
The Company's consolidated financial statements are based on the selection and application of significant accounting policies, which require management to make significant estimates and assumptions. The Company believes that the following are some of the more critical judgment areas in the application of the Company's accounting policies that affect its financial condition and results of operations.
Estimates and Assumptions
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in them. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The Company's estimates are based on the facts and circumstances available at the time; different reasonable estimates could have been used in the current period, and changes in the accounting estimates used are likely to occur from period to period, which may have a material impact on the presentation of the Company's financial condition and results of operations. Actual results reported by the Company may differ from such estimates. The Company reviews these estimates periodically and reflects the effect of revisions in the period that they are determined.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company records derivatives in the consolidated balance sheet net of related debt, measured at fair value. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the values of those derivatives are reported in the consolidated statements of operations or as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of shareholders' equity, depending on whether they qualify for hedge accounting. In order to qualify for hedge accounting, the derivative must meet certain criteria and be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the hedged items during the term of the hedge. The Company uses judgment in assessing the fair value of derivatives and related financial instruments including assumptions utilized in derivative fair value models in such areas as projected interest rates and bond prices which are affected by changes in the Company's stock price during the contract term.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Repairs and maintenance as well as renewals and replacements of a routine nature are charged to operations as incurred, while those which improve or extend the lives of existing assets are capitalized. Upon sale or other disposition, the cost of the asset and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations.
Depreciation and amortization are computed on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Buildings and improvements are depreciated over 15 to 40 years, machinery and equipment over 3 to 10 years and furniture, fixtures and office equipment over 3 to 5 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease or the estimated useful life of the improvement, whichever is less. Judgment and assumptions are used in establishing estimated useful lives and depreciation periods. The Company also uses judgment and assumptions as it periodically reviews property, plant and equipment for any potential impairment in carrying values whenever events such as a significant industry downturn, plant closures, technological obsolescence or other changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Actual fair values may differ from estimated fair values.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist primarily of goodwill and other acquisition-related intangibles, and software development costs. These assets are stated at fair value as of the date acquired less accumulated amortization. Amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life of five years for software development costs. The future economic benefit of the carrying value of all intangible assets is reviewed annually and the Company uses judgment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an intangible asset may not be recoverable
- 24 -
based on discounted cash flows or market factors and an impairment loss would be recorded in the period so determined (see Note 5).
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets and certain identifiable assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on the Company's judgment and estimate of undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of an impairment loss for long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets that management expects to hold and use is based on the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
Income Taxes
The income tax provision (benefit) is computed on the basis of consolidated financial statement income or loss before income taxes. Deferred income taxes reflect the tax effects of differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The Company uses judgment and assumptions to determine if valuation allowances for deferred income tax assets are required if realization is not likely by considering future market growth, forecasted operations, future taxable income, and the mix of earnings in the tax jurisdictions in which it operates in order to determine the need for a valuation allowance.
The Company considers income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which it operates in order to determine its effective income tax rate. Current income tax exposure is identified along with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and financial reporting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, the Company evaluates the recoverability of deferred income tax assets from future taxable income and establishes valuation allowances if recovery is deemed not likely. Accordingly, the income tax provision in the consolidated statements of operations is impacted by changes in the valuation allowance. Significant management estimates and judgment are required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against net deferred tax assets.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when both title and risk of loss transfer to the customer. The Company makes estimates and assumptions and uses judgment relating to discounts and estimates for product return and warranties, which are accrued and recognized at the time of sale.
Discounts - Sales discounts are negotiated with customers prior to billing and at the time of billing, sales invoices are prepared net of negotiated sales discounts.
Product Returns - Customer returns have historically been insignificant. However, the Company does record a liability for the insignificant amount of estimated sales returns based upon historical experience.
Warranties and Other Post Shipment Obligations - For a 30-day period, the Company warrants that items sold will conform to customer specification. However, the Company's liability is limited to repair or replacement of the photomasks at its sole option. The Company inspects photomasks for conformity to customer specifications prior to shipment. Accordingly, customer returns of items under warranty have historically been insignificant. However, the Company records a liability for the insignificant amount of estimated warranty returns based on historical experience. The Company's specific return policies include accepting returns for products with defects, or products that have not been produced to precise customer specifications. At the time of shipment, a liability is established for these items.
Customer Acceptance - Customer acceptance occurs concurrently with the transfer of title and risk of loss based upon the applicable shipping and delivery terms.
- 25 -
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts - The Company is required to use considerable judgment in estimating the collectibility of its accounts receivable. This estimate is based on a variety of factors, including the length of time receivables are past due, macroeconomic conditions, significant one-time events, and historical experience.
Effect of New Accounting Standards
Effective October 31, 2005, the Company adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123, "Share-Based Payments (revised 2004)," (SFAS No. 123R). This statement supercedes the intrinsic value measurement provisions of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25 and requires companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value of the award. That cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). SFAS No. 123R will also require companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP) awards and the Company will be required to expense the grant date fair value of the Company's ESPP awards. Through October 30, 2005 the Company reported on a pro forma basis the forfeitures of employee awards as they occurred. Under SFAS No. 123R, this accounting method is no longer permitted, and beginning October 31, 2005 the Company provides an estimate of forfeitures at the initial grant date. SFAS No. 123R became effective for the Company on October 31, 2005 and the Company adopted the modified prospective transition method. Based on the number of stock options and ESPP subscriptions outstanding as of October 30, 2005, the effect of the adoption of SFAS No. 123R would be to increase compensation expense by approximately $0.7 million in the Company’s fiscal year beginning October 31, 2005.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, "Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29." SFAS No. 153 is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005, with earlier application permitted. The Company adopted SFAS No. 153, and it did not have a material impact on its 2005 consolidated financial statements.
In March 2005, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations" (FIN 47). FIN 47 clarifies that a conditional asset retirement obligation, as used in SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations," refers to a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and/or method of the settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the entity. The statement is effective for companies no later than their first fiscal year ending after December 15, 2005. The Company does not expect that FIN 47 will have a significant effect on its consolidated financial statements and is evaluating the timing of its adoption.
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, "Accounting Changes and Error Corrections" (SFAS 154) which supersedes APB Opinion No. 20, "Accounting Changes and SFAS No. 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements." SFAS 154 provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting changes and error corrections. It establishes, unless impracticable, retrospective application as the required method for reporting a change in accounting principle in the absence of explicit transition requirements specific to the newly adopted accounting principle. The correction of an error in previously issued financial statements is not an accounting change. However, the reporting of an error correction involves adjustments to previously issued financial statements similar to those generally applicable to reporting an accounting change retroactively. Therefore, the reporting of a correction of an error by restating previously issued financial statements is also addressed by this statement. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS 154 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The Company records derivatives on the balance sheet as assets or liabilities, measured at fair value. The Company does not engage in derivative instruments for speculative purposes. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the values of those derivatives are reported in the statement of operations or as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), a separate component of shareholders' equity, depending on the use of the derivatives and whether they qualify for hedge accounting. In order to qualify for hedge accounting, the derivative must be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the hedged items during the term of the hedge. In general, the types of risks hedged are those relating to the variability of future cash flows caused by movements in foreign currency exchange rates. The
- 26 -
Company documents its risk management strategy and hedge effectiveness at the inception of and during the term of each hedge.
In the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2002, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract, which effectively converted $100 million of its 4.75% fixed rate convertible subordinated notes to a variable rate. Contract payments are made on a LIBOR based variable rate (5.56% at October 30, 2005) and are received at the 4.75% fixed rate.
The interest rate swap contract is used to adjust the proportion of total debt that is subject to fixed interest rates. This contract is considered to be a hedge against interest rate risk of the Company's fixed rate debt obligation. Accordingly, the contract has been reflected at fair value in the Company's consolidated balance sheets and the related portion of fixed rate debt being hedged is reflected at an amount equal to the sum of its carrying value plus an adjustment representing the change in fair value of the debt obligation attributable to the interest rate risk being hedged. In addition, changes during any accounting period in the fair value of the contract, as well as offsetting changes in the adjusted carrying value of the related portion of fixed rate debt being hedged, are recognized as adjustments to interest expense in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The net effect of this accounting on the Company's operations results is that the interest expense portion of fixed rate debt being hedged is generally recorded based on variable rates. At this time, the Company does not have plans to enter into additional interest rate swap contracts, however, at a future point the Company may decide to do so.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
The Company conducts business in several major international currencies through its worldwide operations and is subject to changes in foreign exchange rates of such currencies. Changes in exchange rates can positively or negatively affect the Company's sales, operating margins and retained earnings. The principal functional currencies of the Company's Asian subsidiaries are the Korean won, New Taiwan dollar and Singapore dollar. The principal functional currencies of the Company's European subsidiaries are the British pound and euro.
The Company attempts to minimize its risk to foreign currency transaction losses by producing its products in the same country in which the products are sold and thereby generating revenues and incurring expenses in the same currency and by managing its working capital. In some instances, the Company may sell products in a currency other than the functional currency of the country where it was produced. To date, the Company has not experienced a significant foreign exchange loss on these sales. However, there can be no assurance that this approach will be successful, especially in the event of a significant adverse movement in the value of any foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar. The Company does not engage in purchasing forward exchange contracts for speculative purposes.
The Company's primary net foreign currency exposures as of October 30, 2005 included the Korean won, Singapore dollar, the New Taiwan dollar, the euro, and the British pound. As of October 30, 2005, a 10% adverse movement in the value of these currencies against the U.S. dollar would have resulted in a net unrealized pre-tax loss of $4.2 million. The Company does not believe that a 10% change in the exchange rates of other non-U.S. dollar currencies would have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Interest Rate Risk
The majority of the Company's borrowings are in the form of its convertible subordinated notes, which bear interest at rates of 2.25% and 4.75% and certain foreign secured and unsecured notes payable which bear interest at rates between 5.39% and 6.00%. In addition, the interest rate swap contract discussed above subjects the Company to market risk as interest rates fluctuate and impacts the interest payments due on the $87.1 million notional amount of the contract. At October 30, 2005, the Company had approximately $147 million in net variable rate financial instruments which were sensitive to interest rate risk. A 10% change in interest rates would not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
- 27 -
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
|
| Page |
|
|
| |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm | 29 |
| |
Consolidated Balance Sheets at October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004 | 30
|
| |
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003 | 31
|
| |
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003 | 32
|
| |
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003 | 33
|
| |
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 34 |
| |
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Supplemental Schedule | 55
|
- 28 -
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Board of Directors and Shareholders
Photronics, Inc.
Brookfield, Connecticut
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Photronics, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004 and the related consolidated statements of operations, shareholders' equity, and cash flows for the fiscal years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003. We also have audited management's assessment, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting in Item 9A, that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 30, 2005, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements, an opinion on management's assessment, and an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating management's assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the company's principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the fiscal years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, management's assessment that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 30, 2005, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Furthermore, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 30, 2005, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Hartford, Connecticut
January 11, 2006
- 29 -
PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
|
Consolidated Balance Sheets |
(in thousands, except per share amounts) |
| October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 |
|
| |
|
ASSETS | | | |
| | | |
Current assets: | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents | $196,049 | | $142,300 |
Short-term investments | 90,600 | | 84,628 |
Accounts receivable | 70,006 | | 68,737 |
Inventories | 20,536 | | 16,066 |
Deferred income taxes | 1,280 | | 12,879 |
Other current assets | 5,864 | | 6,455 |
|
| |
|
Total current assets | 384,335 | | 331,065 |
| | | |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 412,429 | | 396,461 |
Goodwill | 136,334 | | 115,906 |
Other assets | 12,631 | | 14,778 |
|
| |
|
| $945,729 | | $858,210 |
|
| |
|
| | | |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY | | | |
| | | |
Current liabilities: | | | |
Current portion of long-term debt and notes payable | $ 4,813 | | $ 3,018 |
Accounts payable | 42,923 | | 57,746 |
Accrued liabilities | 36,042 | | 29,900 |
|
| |
|
Total current liabilities | 83,778 | | 90,664 |
| | | |
Long-term debt | 238,949 | | 315,888 |
Deferred income taxes | 7,880 | | 29,225 |
Other liabilities | 7,430 | | 8,236 |
|
| |
|
Total liabilities | 338,037 | | 444,013 |
| | | |
Minority interest | 45,817 | | 64,724 |
| | | |
Shareholders' equity: | | | |
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding | -
| | -
|
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 150,000 shares authorized, 41,304 shares issued and outstanding at October 30, 2005 and 32,690 shares issued and outstanding at October 31, 2004 |
413
| |
327
|
Additional paid-in capital | 374,326 | | 202,313 |
Retained earnings | 173,320 | | 134,667 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income | 13,850 | | 12,166 |
Deferred compensation on restricted stock | (34) | | - |
|
| |
|
Total shareholders' equity | 561,875 | | 349,473 |
|
| |
|
| $945,729 | | $858,210 |
|
| |
|
| | | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. | | | |
- 30 -
PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
|
Consolidated Statements of Operations |
(in thousands, except per share amounts) |
| Years Ended |
|
|
| October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 | | November 2, 2003 |
|
| |
| |
|
| | | | | |
Net sales | $440,770 | | $395,539 | | $348,884 |
| | | | | |
Cost and expenses: | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Cost of sales | 295,649 | | 260,232 | | 250,687 |
| | | | | |
Selling, general and administrative | 54,295 | | 53,487 | | 56,154 |
| | | | | |
Research and development | 32,152 | | 30,520 | | 29,965 |
| | | | | |
Consolidation, restructuring and related charges | - | | - | | 42,000 |
|
| |
| |
|
Operating income (loss) | 58,674 | | 51,300 | | (29,922) |
| | | | | |
Other income (expense): | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Interest expense | (10,885) | | (14,723) | | (17,089) |
| | | | | |
Investment and other income, net | 7,556 | | 4,468 | | 5,346 |
|
| |
| |
|
Income (loss) before income tax provision and minority interest | 55,345
| | 41,045
| | (41,665)
|
| | | | | |
Income tax provision | 10,058 | | 5,761 | | 924 |
|
| |
| |
|
Income (loss) before minority interest | 45,287 | | 35,284 | | (42,589) |
| | | | | |
Minority interest in income of consolidated subsidiaries | (6,634) | | (10,818) | | (5,573) |
|
| |
| |
|
Net income (loss) | $38,653 | | $24,466 | | $(48,162) |
|
| |
| |
|
Income (loss) per share: | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Basic | $1.09 | | $0.75 | | $(1.50) |
|
| |
| |
|
Diluted | $0.95 | | $0.68 | | $(1.50) |
|
| |
| |
|
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding: | | | | | |
| | | | | |
Basic | 35,519 | | 32,564 | | 32,144 |
|
| |
| |
|
Diluted | 45,256 | | 42,339 | | 32,144 |
|
| |
| |
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. |
- 31 -
PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
|
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity |
Years Ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003 |
(in thousands) |
| | | | | | | | | | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | Deferred
| | Total
|
| | Common Stock
Shares Amount | | Add'l Paid-In Capital | | Retained Earnings
| | Unrealized Investment Gains | | Cash Flow Hedges | | Foreign Currency Translation | |
Total
| | Compensation on Restricted Stock | | Share- holders' Equity |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
Balance at November 3, 2002 | | 32,033 | | $320 | | $195,588 | | $158,363 | | $900 | | $(1,122) | | $(14,777) | | $(14,999) | | $(157) | | $339,115 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net loss | | - | | - | | - | | (48,162) | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | (48,162) |
Change in unrealized gains on investments | | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | 2,165
| | -
| | -
| | 2,165
| | -
| | 2,165
|
Change in fair value of cash flow hedge | | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | 112
| | -
| | 112
| | -
| | 112
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment | | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | 10,990
| | 10,990
| | -
| | 10,990
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
Total comprehensive loss | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | (34,895) |
Sale of common stock through employee stock option and purchase plans | |
442
| |
5
| |
3,753
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
3,758
|
Restricted stock awards, net of amortization to compensation expense | |
12
| |
-
| |
194
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
157
| |
351
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
Balance at November 2, 2003 | | 32,487 | | 325 | | 199,535 | | 110,201 | | 3,065 | | (1,010) | | (3,787) | | (1,732) | | - | | 308,329 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | - | | - | | - | | 24,466 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | 24,466 |
Change in unrealized gains on investments | | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | (1,265)
| | -
| | -
| | (1,265)
| | -
| | (1,265)
|
Change in fair value of cash flow hedge | | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | 112
| | -
| | 112
| | -
| | 112
|
Foreign currency translation adjustment | | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | -
| | 15,051
| | 15,051
| | -
| | 15,051
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
Total comprehensive income | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | 38,364 |
Sale of common stock through employee stock option and purchase plans | |
183
| |
2
| |
2,429
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
2,431
|
Restricted stock awards, net of amortization to compensation expense | |
20
| |
-
| |
349
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
-
| |
349
|
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
Balance at October 31, 2004 | | 32,690 | | 327 | | 202,313 | | 134,667 | | 1,800 | | (898) | | 11,264 | | 12,166 | | - | | 349,473 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Comprehensive income: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Net income | | - | | - | | - | | 38,653 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | 38,653 |
Change in unrealized gains | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
on investments | | - | | - | | - | | - | | (16) | | - | | - | | (16) | | - | | (16) |
Change in fair value of | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
cash flow hedge | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | 112 | | - | | 112 | | - | | 112 |
Foreign currency translation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Adjustment | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | 1,588 | | 1,588 | | - | | 1,588 |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
|
Total comprehensive income | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | 40,337 |
Sale of common stock through | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
employee stock option and | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
purchase plans | | 546 | | 5 | | 8,942 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | 8,947 |
Restricted stock awards, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
net of amortization to | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
compensation expense | | 18 | | - | | 300 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | (34) | | 266 |
Common stock issued in | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
public offering | | 8,050 | | 81 | | 162,771 | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | - | | 162,852 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
Balance at October 30, 2005 | | 41,304 | | $413 | | $374,326 | | $173,320 | | $1,784 | | $(786) | | $12,852 | | $13,850 | | $(34) | | $561,875 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. |
- 32 -
PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
|
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows |
(in thousands) |
| Years Ended |
|
|
| October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 | | November 2, 2003 |
|
| |
| |
|
| | | | | |
Cash flows from operating activities: | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | $38,653 | | $24,466 | | $(48,162) |
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: | | | | | |
Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment | 85,303
| | 83,154
| | 82,640
|
Amortization of intangible assets | 719 | | 2,501 | | 2,457 |
Loss on repurchase of notes | 1,677 | | 1,248 | | - |
Deferred income taxes | 4,636 | | 913 | | (2,661) |
Restructuring and related charges | - | | - | | 42,000 |
Amortization of deferred financing fees | 1,826 | | 2,475 | | 2,262 |
Changes in assets and liabilities: | | | | | |
Accounts receivable | 3,553 | | (7,295) | | 4,716 |
Inventories | (1,672) | | (1,248) | | 6,196 |
Other current assets | 768 | | 342 | | 9,819 |
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other | 7,104 | | 2,562 | | (1,347) |
|
| |
| |
|
Net cash provided by operating activities | 142,567 | | 109,118 | | 97,920 |
|
| |
| |
|
Cash flows from investing activities: | | | | | |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (121,354) | | (63,038) | | (61,710) |
Purchase of short-term investments | (94,550) | | (92,424) | | - |
Proceeds from sales of investments and other | 88,629 | | 24,932 | | (930) |
Acquisition of additional interest in PK Ltd. | (58,248) | | - | | - |
|
| |
| |
|
Net cash used in investing activities | (185,523) | | (130,530) | | (62,640) |
|
| |
| |
|
Cash flows from financing activities: | | | | | |
Repayment of long-term debt, net | (72,117) | | (55,332) | | (86,535) |
Proceeds from exercised stock options and other | 7,815 | | 2,000 | | 5,501 |
Proceeds from issuance of convertible debt, net | - | | - | | 145,170 |
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock | 162,852 | | - | | - |
|
| |
| |
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 98,550 | | (53,332) | | 64,136 |
|
| |
| |
|
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | (1,845) | | 2,267 | | 1,417 |
|
| |
| |
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 53,749 | | (72,477) | | 100,833 |
| | | | | |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year | 142,300 | | 214,777 | | 113,944 |
|
| |
| |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year | $196,049 | | $142,300 | | $214,777 |
|
| |
| |
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | | | | | |
Change in accrual for purchases of property, | | | | | |
plant and equipment | $(19,834) | | $17,099 | | $(14,688) |
| | | | | |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. | | | | |
- 33 -
PHOTRONICS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES |
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
Years Ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003 |
(in thousands, except share amounts) |
NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Business
Photronics, Inc. ("Photronics" or the "Company") is one of the world's leading manufacturers of photomasks, which are high precision photographic quartz plates containing microscopic images of electronic circuits. Photomasks are a key element in the manufacture of semiconductors and are used as masters to transfer circuit patterns onto semiconductor wafers and flat panel substrates during the fabrication of integrated circuits and, to a lesser extent, other types of electrical components. The Company operates principally from nine manufacturing facilities, three of which are located in the United States, three in Europe and one each in Korea, Singapore and Taiwan.
Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Photronics and its majority-owned subsidiaries, in which the Company exercises control. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
Cash Flows
During the year ended October 30, 2005, the Company determined that acquisitions of property, plant and equipment on account, which were previously reported as a component of changes in operating assets and liabilities and purchases of property, plant and equipment, should not have been reported as such in the statement of cash flows. The Company's financial statements for the year ended October 31, 2004 have been revised to reflect a decrease in cash flows provided by operating activities with a corresponding decrease in cash flows used in investing activities of $17.1 million, and for the year ended November 2, 2003 have been revised to reflect an increase in cash flows provided by operating activities with a corresponding increase in cash flows used in investing activities of $14.7 million. Purchases of property, plant and equipment acquired on account have now been presented as supplemental disclosure of non-cash items. This revision has no effect on net income (loss) or the amount of cash and cash equivalents reported.
Estimates and Assumptions
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in them. Actual results may differ from such estimates.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
The Company records derivatives in the consolidated balance sheets net of related debt, measured at fair value. The Company does not engage in derivative instruments for speculative purposes. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the values of those derivatives are reported in the consolidated statements of operations or as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), depending on whether they meet certain criteria and qualify for hedge accounting. In order to qualify for hedge accounting, the derivative must be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or cash flows of the hedged items during the term of the hedge. The Company uses judgment in assessing the fair value of derivatives and related financial instruments including assumptions utilized in derivative fair value models in such areas as projected interest rates and bond prices which are affected by changes in the Company's stock price during the contract term.
- 34 -
Fiscal Year
The Company's fiscal year ends on the Sunday closest to October thirty-first.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash and highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less. The carrying values approximate fair values based on the short maturity of these instruments.
Investments
The Company's investments, comprised of marketable equity securities and fixed income bonds are classified as available-for-sale, and are carried at fair value. Investments available for current operations are classified in the consolidated balance sheets as current assets; investments held for long-term purposes are classified as non-current assets. Unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, are reported as other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of shareholders' equity. Gains and losses are reported in the consolidated statements of operations when realized, determined based on the disposition of specifically identified investments.
Investments identified by the Company as having potential impairment are subject to further analysis to determine if the impairment is other than temporary. Other than temporary declines in market value from original costs are charged to investment and other income, net, in the period in which the loss occurs. In determining whether an other than temporary decline in the market value has occurred, the Company considers the duration that, and extent to which, market value is below original cost.
Inventories
Inventories, principally raw materials, are stated at the lower of cost, determined under the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, or market.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Repairs and maintenance as well as renewals and replacements of a routine nature are charged to operations as incurred, while those which improve or extend the lives of existing assets are capitalized. Upon sale or other disposition, the cost of the asset and accumulated depreciation are eliminated from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in operations.
Depreciation and amortization are computed on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Buildings and improvements are depreciated over 15 to 40 years, machinery and equipment over 3 to 10 years and furniture, fixtures and office equipment over 3 to 5 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the lease or the estimated useful life of the improvement, whichever is less. The Company periodically reviews property, plant, and equipment for any potential impairment in carrying values. Judgment and assumptions are used in establishing estimated useful lives and depreciation periods.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist primarily of goodwill and other acquisition-related intangibles, and software development costs. These assets are stated at fair value as of the date acquired less accumulated amortization. Amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life of 5 years for software development costs. The future economic benefit of the carrying value of goodwill is reviewed annually and the Company uses judgment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an intangible asset may not be recoverable based on discounted cash flows or market factors and an impairment loss would be recorded in the period so determined (see Note 5).
- 35 -
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Long-lived assets and certain identifiable assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. Determination of recoverability is based on the Company's judgment and estimate of discounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. Measurement of an impairment loss for long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets that management expects to hold and use is based on the fair value of the asset. Long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangible assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
Income Taxes
The income tax provision (benefit) is computed on the basis of consolidated financial statement income or loss before income taxes. Deferred income taxes reflect the tax effects of differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting and the amounts used for income tax purposes. The Company uses judgment and assumptions to determine if a valuation allowance for deferred income tax assets is required if realization is not likely.
The Company considers income taxes in each of the tax jurisdictions in which it operates in order to determine its effective income tax rate. Current tax exposure is identified along with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and financial reporting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Additionally, the Company evaluates the recoverability of deferred tax assets from future taxable income and establishes valuation allowances if recovery is deemed not likely. Accordingly, the income tax provision in the consolidated statements of operations is impacted by changes in the valuation allowance. Significant management judgment is required in determining the Company's provision for income taxes, deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowance recorded against net deferred tax assets.
Earnings Per Share
Basic earnings per share (EPS) is based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, excluding any dilutive common share equivalents. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that could occur if certain securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted.
Stock-Based Compensation
Through October 30, 2005, the Company recorded stock option awards in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees." The Company estimated the fair value of stock option awards in accordance with SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," as amended by SFAS No. 148, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation - Transition and Disclosure, an Amendment of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement No. 123," and disclosed the resulting estimated compensation effect on net income (loss) on a pro forma basis.
The Company has several stock-based compensation plans under which incentive and non-qualified stock options and restricted shares are granted, and an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP). The Company accounts for those plans under the recognition and measurement principles of APB Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, and related Interpretations." No compensation cost is reflected in net income (loss) for incentive and non-qualified stock options or ESPP shares. Forfeitures of employee awards are provided in the following table as pro forma effects as they occur. Option awards with multiple vest dates are treated as separate awards, resulting in pro forma expense reported on an accelerated basis. All incentive and non-qualified stock option grants had an exercise price equal to the market value of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The ESPP shares are granted at 85% of the lower of the fair market value at the commencement of the offering or the last day of the payroll payment period. The following table illustrates the effect on net income (loss) and earnings (loss) per share if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of FASB Statement No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation," to stock-based employee compensation:
- 36 -
| | Year Ended |
| |
|
| | October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 | | November 2, 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
Net income (loss) | | $38,653 | | $24,466 | | $(48,162) |
Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net income, net of related tax effects | |
266
| |
295
| |
325
|
| | | | | | |
Deduct: Total stock-based compensation expense determined under fair value-based method for all awards, net of related tax effects | |
(7,859)
| |
(1,510)
| |
(4,717)
|
| |
| |
| |
|
Pro forma net income (loss) | | $31,060 | | $23,251 | | $(52,554) |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
Basic earnings (loss) per share: | | | | | | |
As reported | | $1.09 | | $0.75 | | $(1.50) |
Pro forma | | $0.87 | | $0.71 | | $(1.63) |
| | | | | | |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share: | | | | | | |
As reported | | $0.95 | | $0.68 | | $(1.50) |
Pro forma | | $0.78 | | $0.65 | | $(1.63) |
The fair value of option and ESPP grants are estimated based on the Black Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value and weighted average assumptions for fiscal years 2005, 2004 and 2003 are as follows:
| | Stock Options | | ESPP Rights |
| |
| |
|
| | Years Ended | | Years Ended |
| |
| |
|
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 | | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average market value of stock at grant date | | $16.73
| | $14.39
| | $12.72
| | $21.69
| | $16.16
| | $18.00
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Weighted average fair value of options/rights granted | | $7.47
| | $9.14
| | $4.76
| | $7.99
| | $5.76
| | $5.56
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Volatility | | 62% | | 60% | | 65% | | 61% | | 60% | | 66% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Risk-free rate of return | | 4.0% | | 3.4% | | 3.1% | | 3.38% | | 1.99% | | 0.97% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Dividend yield | | 0.0% | | 0.0% | | 0.0% | | 0.0% | | 0.0% | | 0.0% |
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
Expected average life after vest date | | 2.4 years | | 2.4 years | | 1.5 years | | 1.0 year | | 1.0 year | | 0.5 year |
The Company has historically granted options with a vesting period of two to four years. However, in January 2005, the Company granted 617,000 options with a vesting period of approximately five and one half months to certain employees and officers; and in June 2005, granted 250,000 options with a vesting period of approximately four and one-half months to its new chief executive officer. If the options granted in 2005 had the Company's typical vesting periods, then expense of approximately $3.6 million would have been reported in the Company's financial statements in the Company's fiscal years ending 2006 through 2009.
Effective October 31, 2005, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123, "Share-Based Payments (revised 2004)," (SFAS No. 123R). This statement supercedes the intrinsic value measurement provisions of APB Opinion No. 25 and requires companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the grant date fair value of the award. That cost will be recognized over the period during which an employee is
- 37 -
required to provide services in exchange for the award, the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). SFAS No. 123R will also require companies to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for ESPP awards and the Company will be required to expense the grant date fair value of the Company's ESPP awards. Through October 30, 2005 the Company reported in the above table on a pro forma basis the forfeitures of employee awards as they occurred. Under SFAS No. 123R this accounting method is no longer permitted, and beginning October 31, 2005 the Company provides an estimate of forfeitures at initial grant date. SFAS No 123R became effective for the Company on October 31, 2005, and the Company adopted the modified prospective transition method. No existing award vesting dates were accelerated prior to adoption. Based on the number of stock options and ESPP subscriptions outstanding as of October 31, 2005, the effect of the adoption of SFAS No. 123R will be to increase compensation expense by approximately $0.7 million for the Company’s fiscal year beginning October 31, 2005.
Foreign Currency Translation
The Company's foreign subsidiaries maintain their accounts in their respective local currencies. Assets and liabilities of such subsidiaries are translated to U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates. Income and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. Foreign currency translation adjustments are accumulated and reported as other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of shareholders' equity. The effects of changes in exchange rates on foreign currency transactions are included in operations.
Minority Interest
Minority interest represents the minority shareholders' proportionate share in the equity of the Company's two majority-owned subsidiaries, PK Ltd. (PKL) in Korea and Photronics Semiconductor Mask Corporation (PSMC) in Taiwan of which minority shareholders owned approximately 3.5% and 42%, respectively, as of October 30, 2005.
Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when both title and risk of loss transfer to the customer. The Company makes estimates and assumptions and uses judgment relating to discounts and estimates for product return and warranties, which are accrued and recognized at the time of sale.
Discounts - Sales discounts are negotiated with customers prior to billing and at the time of billing, sales invoices are prepared net of negotiated sales discounts.
Product Returns - Customer returns have historically been insignificant. However, the Company does record a liability for the insignificant amount of estimated sales returns based upon historical experience.
Warranties and Other Post Shipment Obligations - For a 30-day period, the Company warrants that items sold will conform to customer specification. However, the Company's liability is limited to repair or replacement of the photomasks at its sole option. The Company inspects photomasks for conformity to customer specifications prior to shipment. Accordingly, customer returns of items under warranty have historically been insignificant. However, the Company records a liability for the insignificant amount of estimated warranty returns based on historical experience. The Company's specific return policies include accepting returns for products with defects, or products that have not been produced to precise customer specifications. At the time of shipment, a liability is established for these items.
Customer Acceptance - Customer acceptance occurs concurrently with the transfer of title and risk of loss based upon the applicable shipping and delivery terms.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts, including deferred income tax assets and acquisitions of property, plant and equipment reported in the statements of cash flows, have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.
- 38 -
NOTE 2 - ACQUISITION OF ADDITIONAL SHARES OF PK LTD.
During fiscal 2005, Photronics invested $58.3 million to purchase 7.5 million additional shares of PKL, its non-wholly owned subsidiary in Korea. This acquisition increased the Company's ownership in PKL from 75% to 96.5%. As the Company previously consolidated PKL, the additional incremental ownership has been initially allocated to goodwill with a reduction in minority interest. The Company is in the process of analyzing fair value attributes of the additional ownership.
In November 2005, the Company increased its ownership to 99.7% with the acquisition of additional shares of PKL for cash of approximately $8.5 million.
NOTE 3 - INVESTMENTS
Short-term investments at October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004 consist of available-for-sale fixed income and marketable equity securities. Long-term investments of $1,537 at October 30, 2005 and $2,910 at October 31, 2004 included in "other assets" primarily consist of available-for-sale equity securities, where fair values were determined based upon quoted market prices. For investments with no quoted market price, the estimated fair value is based upon the financial condition and the operating results and projections of the investee and is considered to approximate cost. Unrealized gains on investments were determined as follows:
| | October 30, | | October 31, |
| | 2005 | | 2004 |
| |
| |
|
| | | | |
Fair value | | | | |
Short-term debt investments | | $84,220 | | $78,764 |
Short-term equity fund | | 6,380 | | 5,864 |
Long-term equity investments | | 1,537 | | 2,910 |
| |
| |
|
Total fair value | | 92,137 | | 87,538 |
| | | | |
Cost | | | | |
Short-term debt investments | | 84,210 | | 78,966 |
Short-term equity fund | | 5,000 | | 5,000 |
Long-term equity investments | | 134 | | 667 |
| |
| |
|
Total cost | | 89,344 | | 84,633 |
| | | | |
Unrealized gain (loss) | | | | |
Short-term debt investments | | 10 | | (202) |
Short-term equity fund | | 1,380 | | 864 |
Long-term equity investments | | 1,403 | | 2,243 |
| |
| |
|
Total unrealized gain, net | | 2,793 | | 2,905 |
| | | | |
Less deferred income taxes | | 1,009 | | 1,105 |
| |
| |
|
Net unrealized gains | | $ 1,784 | | $ 1,800 |
| |
| |
|
In the fiscal year ended October 30, 2005 the Company sold $88.2 million of short-term debt investments.
- 39 -
NOTE 4 - PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Property, plant and equipment consists of the following:
| | October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 |
| |
| |
|
| | | | |
Land | | $ 8,716 | | $ 9,156 |
Buildings and improvements | | 77,682 | | 63,110 |
Machinery and equipment | | 896,382 | | 829,291 |
Leasehold improvements | | 16,512 | | 16,548 |
Furniture, fixtures and office equipment | | 21,055 | | 23,261 |
| |
| |
|
| | 1,020,347 | | 941,366 |
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | | 607,918 | | 544,905 |
| |
| |
|
| | $412,429 | | $396,461 |
| |
| |
|
NOTE 5 - GOODWILL
Effective November 1, 2001, the Company adopted SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets." This standard changed the accounting for goodwill and intangible assets with an indefinite life whereby such assets are no longer amortized; however, the standard does require evaluation for impairment and a corresponding writedown, if appropriate. SFAS No. 142 requires an initial evaluation of goodwill and impairment upon adoption and annual evaluations thereafter. The initial evaluation was performed as of November 1, 2001 and subsequent evaluations performed at the end of the second quarter for every subsequent fiscal year end resulted in no impairment in the value of the Company's goodwill. Goodwill at October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004 amounted to approximately $136.3 million and $115.9 million, respectively.
NOTE 6 - ACCRUED LIABILITIES
Accrued liabilities consist of the following:
| | October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 |
| |
| |
|
| | | | |
Salaries, wages and related benefits | | $ 7,793 | | $ 7,752 |
Restructuring | | 2,245 | | 4,717 |
Income taxes | | 17,014 | | 9,158 |
Interest | | 603 | | 1,630 |
Property taxes | | 2,468 | | 2,776 |
Other | | 5,919 | | 3,867 |
| |
| |
|
| | $36,042 | | $29,900 |
| |
| |
|
- 40 -
NOTE 7 - LONG-TERM DEBT
Long-term debt consists of the following:
| | October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 |
| |
| |
|
| | | | |
4.75% convertible subordinated notes due December 15, 2006 including fair value adjustment of $(1,110) in 2005 and $1,482 in 2004 | |
$ 85,977
| |
$152,982
|
2.25% convertible subordinated notes due April 15, 2008 | | 150,000
| | 150,000
|
Debt of non-wholly owned subsidiaries: | | | | |
Unsecured notes payable | | 4,813 | | 11,668 |
Secured notes payable | | - | | 4,186 |
Other | | 2,972 | | 70 |
| |
| |
|
| | 243,762 | | 318,906 |
Less current portion | | 4,813 | | 3,018 |
| |
| |
|
| | $238,949 | | $315,888 |
| |
| |
|
Long-term debt matures as follows: 2006 - $4,813; 2007 - $85,977; 2008 - $150,000; 2009 - $0 and 2010: $2,972. Based upon quoted market prices the fair values of the 4.75% and 2.25% convertible subordinated notes were approximately $86,760 and $187,700, respectively, at October 30, 2005; and $153,300 and $197,100, respectively, at October 31, 2004.
During fiscal 2005, the Company has redeemed $64.4 million of its outstanding 4.75% subordinated convertible notes. The redemptions resulted in an early extinguishment charge of $1.7 million for fiscal 2005 and the total balance outstanding as of October 30, 2005 was $86.0 million. In fiscal 2004, the Company redeemed $48.5 million of its 4.75% convertible subordinated notes resulting in an early extinguishment charge of $1.2 million.
On April 15, 2003, the Company sold $150.0 million, 2.25% convertible subordinated notes due 2008 in a private offering pursuant to SEC Rule 144A. These notes are convertible into the Company's common stock at a conversion price of $15.89 per share.
The $87.1 million notional amount of the 4.75% convertible notes which have been effectively converted to a variable rate under an interest rate swap contract is stated at an amount equal to the sum of its principal amount less $1.1 million at October 30, 2005, representing the change in the fair value of the debt obligation attributable to the interest rate risk being hedged. This fair value adjustment has been calculated using a discounted cash flow methodology (see Note 14).
The unsecured notes payable are obligations of non-wholly owned subsidiaries and are not guaranteed by the Company. Unsecured notes payable consist primarily of working capital loans and capital expenditure financing with interest rates ranging from approximately 5.39% to 6.0% at October 30, 2005.
The Company's $100 million revolving credit facility expired in July 2005 and was not renewed.
Interest payments were $10.1 million, $12.8 million and $16.3 million in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
- 41 -
NOTE 8 - EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE
The calculation of basic earnings (loss) per common share and diluted earnings (loss) per common share is presented below:
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
Earnings computation for basic and diluted earnings per share: | | | | | | |
Earnings for basic earnings per share, net income (loss) | | $38,653 | | $24,466 | | $(48,162) |
Effect of dilutive securities: | | | | | | |
Interest expense on convertible notes, net of related tax effect | | 4,343 | | 4,343 | | - |
| |
| |
| |
|
Earnings for diluted earnings per share | | $42,996 | | $28,809 | | $(48,162) |
| |
| |
| |
|
Weighted average common shares computations: | | | | | | |
Weighted average common shares used for basic earnings per share | | 35,519 | | 32,564 | | 32,144 |
Effect of dilutive securities: | | | | | | |
Convertible notes | | 9,441 | | 9,441 | | - |
Employee stock options | | 296 | | 334 | | - |
| |
| |
| |
|
Dilutive potential common shares | | 9,737 | | 9,775 | | - |
| |
| |
| |
|
Weighted average common shares used for diluted earnings per share | | 45,256 | | 42,339 | | 32,144 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Basic earnings (loss) per share | | $1.09 | | $0.75 | | $(1.50) |
Diluted earnings (loss) per share | | $0.95 | | $0.68 | | $(1.50) |
The effect of the potential conversion of some of the Company's convertible subordinated notes and the exercise of certain stock options has been antidilutive. The following table shows the amount of incremental shares outstanding that would have been added if the assumed conversion of convertible subordinated notes and stock options had been dilutive:
| | 2005 | | 2004 | | 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
Convertible notes | | 2,788 | | 5,255 | | 11,931 |
Employee stock options | | 876 | | 926 | | 1,787 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Total potentially dilutive shares excluded | | 3,664 | | 6,181 | | 13,718 |
| |
| |
| |
|
- 42 -
NOTE 9 - INCOME TAXES
The provision (benefit) for income taxes consists of the following:
| | Year Ended |
| |
|
| | October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 | | November 2, 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Current: | | | | | | |
Federal | | $ - | | $ - | | $ 16 |
State | | - | | - | | 79�� |
Foreign | | 5,422 | | 4,848 | | 3,490 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | 5,422 | | 4,848 | | 3,585 |
Deferred: | | | | | | |
Federal | | - | | - | | (1,775) |
State | | - | | - | | (827) |
Foreign | | 4,636 | | 913 | | (59) |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | 4,636 | | 913 | | (2,661) |
| |
| |
| |
|
Total | | $10,058 | | $5,761 | | $ 924 |
| |
| |
| |
|
The provision (benefit) for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to the income (loss) before taxes as a result of the following:
| | Year Ended |
| |
|
| | October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 | | November 2, 2003 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
U.S. federal income tax at statutory rate | | $19,371 | | $14,366 | | $(14,583) |
Change in tax basis of acquired assets | | (5,137) | | - | | - |
State income taxes, net of federal benefit | | 2,991 | | (275) | | (1,416) |
Change in valuation allowance | | 3,704 | | 2,545 | | 18,767 |
Foreign tax rate differential | | (10,638) | | (10,540) | | (3,693) |
Other, net | | (233) | | (335) | | 1,849 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | $10,058 | | $ 5,761 | | $ 924 |
| |
| |
| |
|
- 43 -
The $5.1 million change in tax basis of acquired assets in the above table primarily relates to the finalization during 2005 of the tax basis of previously acquired assets.
The net deferred income tax liability consists of the following:
| | October 30, 2005 | | October 31, 2004 |
| |
| |
|
Deferred income tax assets: | | | | |
Reserves not currently deductible | | $ 6,928 | | $ 6,716 |
Intangibles amortization | | 45 | | 737 |
Net operating losses | | 38,607 | | 33,433 |
Alternative minimum tax credits | | 2,926 | | 2,926 |
Tax credit carryforwards | | 7,783 | | 4,247 |
Intercompany transactions | | 767 | | 959 |
Non-qualified stock options | | 1,069 | | 192 |
Other | | 591 | | 582 |
| |
| |
|
| | 58,716 | | 49,792 |
Valuation allowance | | (35,245) | | (27,483) |
| |
| |
|
| | 23,471 | | 22,309 |
| | | | |
Deferred income tax liabilities: | | | | |
Property, plant and equipment | | (24,841) | | (33,864) |
Investments and other | | (2,148) | | (2,242) |
Research and development costs | | - | | (76) |
Other | | (1,563) | | (2,473) |
| |
| |
|
| | (28,552) | | (38,655) |
| |
| |
|
Net deferred income tax liability | | $(5,081) | | $(16,346) |
| |
| |
|
The Company's operations have followed the recent migration of semiconductor industry fabrication to Asia, where the Company operates in countries where it is accorded favorable tax treatment. The Company is accorded a tax holiday in Taiwan which will expire in December 2006. The tax holiday in Singapore expired in June 2005. In Korea, various investment tax credits have been utilized to reduce the Company's effective income tax rate.
Income tax payments were $8.8 million, $3.6 million and $1.6 million in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Cash received for refunds of income taxes paid in prior years amounted to $1.7 million, $0.9 million and $9.2 million in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
As of October 30, 2005, the Company had a federal net operating loss carryforward of $92.2 million which if not utilized will expire as follows: $5.0 million in 2020, $14.8 million in 2022, $36.2 million in 2023, $22.6 million in 2024 and $13.6 million in 2025. The Company established a valuation allowance for a portion of its deferred tax assets because it is more likely than not that a portion of its net operating loss carryforwards may expire prior to utilization; such valuation allowance increased by $7.8 million, $4.3 million and $20.7 million in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively.
As of October 30, 2005, the Company had $2.9 million of alternative minimum tax credit carryforwards that are available to offset future federal taxes payable. The Company also has $7.8 million in foreign, general business and state credit carryforwards. The tax credits available in foreign jurisdictions of $5.9 million begin to expire in 2006 if not utilized. The general business carryforwards of $1.6 million will begin to expire in 2019 if not utilized. The state tax credits of $0.3 million will begin to expire in 2006 if not utilized.
- 44 -
As of October 30, 2005, the undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries included in consolidated retained earnings amounted to $146.9 million. Such amounts are considered to be reinvested indefinitely. Accordingly, no provision has been made for taxes that would be payable upon distribution of these earnings.
On October 22, 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act (AJCA) was signed into law. The AJCA creates a temporary incentive for United States multinationals to repatriate accumulated income earned outside of the United States at an effective rate of 5.25%. The Company has evaluated the effects of the repatriation provision and has elected not to avail itself of the AJCA's repatriation incentives.
Deferred income tax benefits from the exercise of non-qualified stock options increased additional paid-in capital by $1.1 million and $0.2 million in fiscal 2005 and 2004, respectively.
NOTE 10 - EMPLOYEE STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
The Company has adopted several stock-based compensation plans under which incentive and non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards and stock appreciation rights may be granted. All plans provide that the exercise price of options may not be less than the fair market value of the common stock at the date the options are granted and limit the term of options granted to a maximum of ten years. The vesting period for options is determined at the time of grant and has historically ranged from less than one to four years. No stock appreciation rights have been granted to date.
The following table summarizes stock option and restricted stock activity for each of the three fiscal years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004, and November 2, 2003 under the plans:
| |
Shares
| | Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share |
| |
| |
|
| | | | |
Balance at November 3, 2002 | | 2,688,735 | | $20.14 |
Granted | | 462,839 | | 12.72 |
Exercised | | (391,966) | | 11.82 |
Cancelled | | (457,523) | | 21.77 |
| |
| | |
Balance at November 2, 2003 | | 2,302,085 | | 19.77 |
Granted | | 115,000 | | 14.39 |
Exercised | | (133,668) | | 11.79 |
Cancelled | | (314,807) | | 21.23 |
| |
| | |
Balance at October 31, 2004 | | 1,968,610 | | 19.68 |
Granted | | 987,250 | | 16.73 |
Exercised | | (514,274) | | 14.15 |
Cancelled | | (286,916) | | 22.91 |
| |
| | |
Balance at October 30, 2005 | | 2,154,670 | | $19.35 |
| |
| | |
- 45 -
The following table summarizes information relating to outstanding and exercisable options and restricted stock as of October 30, 2005:
| | Range of Exercise Prices |
| |
|
| | $0.00 - $12.99 | | $13.00 - $22.73 | | $22.74 - $32.47 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Outstanding: | | | | | | |
Number of options | | 215,504 | | 1,236,697 | | 702,469 |
Weighted average remaining years | | 5.1 | | 7.4 | | 6.9 |
Weighted average exercise price | | $11.64 | | $17.02 | | $25.82 |
| | | | | | |
Exercisable: | | | | | | |
Number of options | | 181,166 | | 1,044,144 | | 620,460 |
Weighted average exercise price | | $12.29 | | $17.00 | | $25.63 |
The Company grants restricted stock awards annually. The restrictions on these awards lapse quarterly over a one-year service period. Restricted stock awards of 24,000, 18,000 and 15,000 shares were awarded in fiscal years 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, with grant date market prices per share of $16.65, $16.78 and $12.93, respectively. Compensation expense is recognized over the period of the restrictions.
At October 30, 2005, 944,663 shares were available for grant and 1,845,770 shares were exercisable at a weighted average exercise price of $19.44. Shares available for grant at October 30, 2005 may be granted as either stock options or restricted stock.
The Company maintains an ESPP, under which 900,000 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance. The ESPP enables eligible employees to subscribe, through payroll deductions, to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at a purchase price equal to 85% of the lower of the fair market value on the commencement date of the offering and the last day of the payroll payment period. At October 30, 2005, 658,747 shares had been issued and up to 51,082 shares are subject to outstanding subscriptions under the ESPP.
NOTE 11 - EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
The Company maintains a 401(k) Savings and Profit Sharing Plan (the Plan) which covers all full-time domestic employees who have completed six months of service and are eighteen years of age or older. Under the terms of the Plan, employees may contribute up to 25% of their compensation, subject to certain maximum amounts, which will be matched by the Company at 50% of the employee's contributions, which are not in excess of 4% of the employee's compensation. Employee and employer contributions vest fully upon contribution. Employer contributions amounted to $0.5 million in fiscal 2005, $0.5 million in fiscal 2004 and $0.6 million in fiscal 2003.
The Company maintains a cafeteria plan to provide eligible domestic employees with the option to receive medical, dental, disability and life insurance benefits. The cafeteria plan is offered to all active full-time domestic employees and their qualifying dependents. The Company's contributions amounted to $4.3 million in fiscal 2005, $4.6 million in fiscal 2004 and $4.1 million in fiscal 2003.
The Company's foreign subsidiaries maintain benefit plans for their employees, which vary by country. The obligations and cost of these plans are not significant to the Company's consolidated financial statements.
- 46 -
NOTE 12 - LEASES
The Company leases various real estate and equipment under non-cancelable operating leases. Rental expense under such leases amounted to $3.0 million in fiscal 2005, $2.5 million in fiscal 2004 and $2.2 million in fiscal 2003.
Future minimum lease payments (excluding costs associated with facilities closed under restructuring plans) under non-cancelable operating leases with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year at October 30, 2005 follow:
2006 | | $2,256 |
2007 | | 1,147 |
2008 | | 203 |
2009 | | 84 |
2010 | | 71 |
Thereafter | | 7 |
| |
|
| | $3,768 |
| |
|
NOTE 13 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
At October 30, 2005 the Company had capital expenditure purchase commitments outstanding of approximately $68.1 million.
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk consist principally of trade accounts receivable and temporary cash investments. The Company sells its products primarily to manufacturers in the semiconductor and computer industries in North America, Europe and Asia. The Company believes that the concentration of credit risk in its trade receivables is substantially mitigated by the Company's ongoing credit evaluation process and relatively short collection terms. The Company does not generally require collateral from customers. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts based upon factors surrounding the credit risk of specific customers, historical trends and other information. Historically, the Company has not incurred significant credit-related losses.
SFAS No. 107, "Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments," requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the balance sheets, for which it is practicable to estimate that value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques. Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rates and estimates of future cash flows. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparisons to independent markets and, in many cases, could not be realized in immediate settlement of the instrument. SFAS No. 107 excludes certain financial instruments from its disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented do not represent the underlying value of the Company. Other than the fair values of the Company's convertible subordinated notes disclosed in Note 7, the carrying values of the Company's other financial instruments approximate fair value.
NOTE 14 - DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
On October 22, 2002, the Company entered into an interest rate swap contract, which effectively converted $100 million of 4.75% fixed rate debt to a variable rate. Under the contract, payments are made on a LIBOR based variable rate (5.56% at October 30, 2005). In August 2005, the Company reduced its 4.75% fixed rate debt to $87.1 million. The notional amount of the fixed rate debt remains at $100 million.
The interest rate swap contract is used to adjust the proportion of total debt that is subject to fixed interest rates. This contract is considered to be a hedge against interest rate risk of the Company's fixed rate debt obligations. Accordingly, the interest rate swap contract is stated at fair value in the Company's consolidated balance sheet and the related portion of fixed rate debt being hedged is stated at an amount equal to the sum of its principal amount plus an adjustment representing the change in fair value of the debt obligation attributable to the interest rate risk being hedged. In addition, changes during any accounting period in the fair value of the interest rate swap contract, as well as offsetting changes in the adjusted carrying value of the related portion of fixed rate debt being hedged, are recognized as adjustments to interest
- 47 -
expense in the Company's consolidated statement of operations. The net effect of this interest rate swap contract on the Company's statement of operations is that the interest expense portion of fixed rate debt being hedged is generally recorded based on variable rates.
The interest rate swap contract was recorded as a liability of $1.6 million and an asset of $0.7 million at October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004, respectively, in the Company's consolidated balance sheets. These fair values have been calculated using a discounted cash flow methodology. The fair value adjustment for the related portion of fixed rate debt being hedged decreased the $87.1 million carrying amount of such debt by $1.1 million as of October 30, 2005, and increased the $153.0 million carrying amount of such debt by $1.5 million as of October 31, 2004 (see Note 7). The net loss on the ineffective portion of the interest rate swap contract was not material to the Company's consolidated statement of operations.
NOTE 15 - GEOGRAPHIC AND SIGNIFICANT CUSTOMER INFORMATION
The Company operates in a single industry segment as a manufacturer of photomasks, which are high precision quartz plates containing microscopic images of electronic circuits for use in the fabrication of semiconductors. The Company's 2005, 2004 and 2003 net sales, operating income (loss) and identifiable assets by geographic area were as follows:
| | Net Sales
| | Operating Income (Loss) | | Total Identifiable Assets |
| |
| |
| |
|
2005: | | | | | | |
North America | | $135,025 | | $(3,385) | | $497,991 |
Europe | | 73,024 | | 8,755 | | 109,266 |
Asia | | 232,721 | | 53,304 | | 338,472 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | $440,770 | | $58,674 | | $945,729 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
2004: | | | | | | |
North America | | $140,635 | | $(2,901) | | $445,039 |
Europe | | 69,458 | | 6,205 | | 118,211 |
Asia | | 185,446 | | 47,996 | | 294,960 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | $395,539 | | $51,300 | | $858,210 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | |
2003: | | | | | | |
North America | | $142,022 | | $(60,033) | | $503,145 |
Europe | | 59,085 | | 2,056 | | 107,477 |
Asia | | 147,777 | | 28,055 | | 253,281 |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | $348,884 | | $(29,922) | | $863,903 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Approximately 3%, 3% and 2% of net domestic sales in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively, were for delivery outside of the United States.
Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. accounted for approximately 24%, 18% and 16% of the Company's net sales in fiscal 2005, 2004 and 2003, respectively. This included sales of both IC and FPD photomasks.
- 48 -
NOTE 16 - COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
The Company's comprehensive income (loss) as reported in the consolidated statements of shareholders' equity, consists of net earnings (losses) and all changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. The components of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows for the three fiscal years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004, and November 2, 2003:
| | Pre-Tax Amount | | Tax (Expense) Benefit | | Net-of-Tax Amount |
| |
| |
| |
|
2005: | | | | | | |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | | $1,588 | | $ - | | $1,588 |
Change in fair value of cash flow hedge | | 112 | | - | | 112 |
Change in unrealized gains on investments | | (16) | | - | | (16) |
| |
| |
| |
|
Other comprehensive income | | $1,684 | | $ - | | $1,684 |
| |
| |
| |
|
2004: | | | | | | |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | | $15,051 | | $ - | | $15,051 |
Change in fair value of cash flow hedge | | 112 | | - | | 112 |
Change in unrealized gains on investments | | (1,311) | | 46 | | (1,265) |
| |
| |
| |
|
Other comprehensive income | | $13,852 | | $ 46 | | $13,898 |
| |
| |
| |
|
2003: | | | | | | |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | | $10,990 | | $ - | | $10,990 |
Change in fair value of cash flow hedge | | 112 | | - | | 112 |
Change in unrealized gains on investments | | 2,608 | | (443) | | 2,165 |
| |
| |
| |
|
Other comprehensive income | | $13,710 | | $ (443) | | $13,267 |
| |
| |
| |
|
NOTE 17 - CONSOLIDATION, RESTRUCTURING AND RELATED CHARGES
Since 2001, the Company has closed four manufacturing facilities in North America and one in Europe due in part to the migration of semiconductor manufacturing to Asia, excess capacity, competitive pricing pressures and weakened demand. Decisions regarding which facilities to close were based on sales volume projections, customer base and production qualifications.
In March 2003, the Company implemented a plan to close its Phoenix, Arizona manufacturing facility and further consolidate its North American manufacturing network in order to increase capacity utilization and manufacturing efficiencies. Total consolidation and related charges of $42.0 million were recorded during the second quarter of fiscal 2003. Components of the charge include $3.4 million for workforce reductions of approximately 170 employees in the United States, $4.4 million for facility lease payments, and $34.2 million of non-cash charges for the impairment of the carrying value of fixed assets.
In August 2002, the Company implemented a consolidation plan that included the ceasing of photomask manufacturing at its Milpitas, California site and a reduction of its workforce of approximately 135 employees in the United States. The total charge associated with this plan was $14.5 million, which included $2.5 million for workforce reduction, $1.5 million for facility lease payments, and $10.5 million of non-cash charges for the impairment of the carrying value of fixed assets.
For these previously announced actions, the Company's restructuring expenditures were $2.5 million, $2.6 million and $40.6 million for the fiscal years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004, and November 2, 2003, respectively. These charges relate to the impairment in carrying value of fixed assets, severance and benefits for terminated employees, and non-cancelable facility lease payments. From April 2001 through October 30, 2005, the Company had expended, including non-cash charges, $92.3 million.
- 49 -
The following tables set forth the Company's restructuring reserves as of October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004, and November 2, 2003 and reflect the activities affecting the reserves for the years ended:
| | Year Ended |
| | October 30, 2005 |
| |
|
| | October 31, 2004 Balance | |
Charges
| |
Credits
| | October 30, 2005 Balance |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | |
Manufacturing capacity reduction and other | | $4,717 | | $ - | | $(2,472) | | $2,245 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | |
| | Year Ended |
| | October 31, 2004 |
| |
|
| | November 2, 2003 Balance | |
Charges
| |
Credits
| | October 31, 2004 Balance |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | |
Manufacturing capacity reduction and other | | $5,855 | | $ - | | $(1,138) | | $4,717 |
| | | | | | | | |
Workforce reductions | | 1,499 | | - | | (1,499) | | - |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
Total | | $7,354 | | $ - | | $(2,637) | | $4,717 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | |
| | Year Ended |
| | November 2, 2003 |
| |
|
| | November 3, 2002 Balance | |
Charges
| |
Credits
| | November 2, 2003 Balance |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | |
Manufacturing capacity reduction and other | | $4,268 | | $38,575 | | $(36,988) | | $5,855 |
| | | | | | | | |
Workforce reductions | | 1,691 | | 3,425 | | (3,617) | | 1,499 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
Total | | $5,959 | | $42,000 | | $(40,605) | | $7,354 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
As of October 30, 2005, manufacturing capacity reduction and other primarily represents non-cancelable lease obligations that will be paid over the respective lease terms through 2009.
NOTE 18 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
The Chairman of the Board of the Company is also the Chairman of the Board and majority shareholder of a company who is a supplier of secure managed information technology services. Another director of the Company is also an employee, shareholder and Executive Vice Chairman of this company. In 2002, the Company entered into a 52-month service contract with this company to provide services to all of the Company's worldwide facilities at a cost of approximately $3.2 million per year. Since then, the Company has entered into additional contracts with this company ranging from 12 months to 52 months to provide additional services. The Company incurred expenses of $3.7 million in 2005, $3.4 million in 2004, and $3.9 million in 2003 related to services provided by the company, for which the amount owed to this company was $0.3 million at October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004.
An officer of the Company is also the CEO, president and director of one of the Company's majority held subsidiaries. The Company purchases photomask blanks from a company of which this officer of the Company is a significant shareholder. The Company purchased $13.6 million, $8.3 million, and $2.2 million of photomask blanks from this company in 2005, 2004, and 2003, respectively, for which the amount owed to this company was $1.8 million at October 30, 2005, $0.7 million at October 31, 2004 and $0.4 million at November 2, 2003, respectively.
- 50 -
The Company believes that the terms of the transactions described above with affiliated persons were negotiated at arm's-length and were no less favorable to the Company than the Company could have obtained from non-affiliated parties.
During fiscal year 2005, the Company initiated a plan to acquire all of the outstanding shares of its non-wholly owned subsidiary in Korea. As part of the purchase of outstanding shares, the Company acquired 1,136,036 shares or 3.4% from employees, including officers, of PKL for 8,980 won per share or $8.70 U.S. dollars per share. Two of these employees are also officers of the Company. The total purchase price of $9.9 million from PKL employees represents a premium of approximately 15% per share above similar purchases of stock from other stockholders during the same time period.
NOTE 19 - QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
The following table sets forth certain unaudited quarterly financial data:
| | First | | Second | | Third | | Fourth | | Year |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | | | |
Fiscal 2005: | | (a) | | (a) | | | | (a) | | (a) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $101,183 | | $112,893 | | $114,901 | | $111,793 | | $440,770 |
Gross margin | | 32,000 | | 38,436 | | 39,551 | | 35,134 | | 145,121 |
Net income | | 4,545 | | 10,574 | | 14,795 | | 8,739 | | 38,653 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings per share: | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $0.14 | | $0.32 | | $0.42 | | $0.21 | | $1.09 |
Diluted | | $0.13 | | $0.28 | | $0.35 | | $0.19 | | $0.95 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Fiscal 2004: | | | | | | (b) | | (b) | | (b) |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Net sales | | $90,489 | | $97,167 | | $103,728 | | $104,155 | | $395,539 |
Gross margin | | 28,638 | | 33,034 | | 37,243 | | 36,392 | | 135,307 |
Net income | | 2,142 | | 5,985 | | 8,440 | | 7,899 | | 24,466 |
| | | | | | | | | | |
Earnings per share: | | | | | | | | | | |
Basic | | $0.07 | | $0.18 | | $0.26 | | $0.24 | | $0.75 |
Diluted | | $0.07 | | $0.17 | | $0.23 | | $0.21 | | $0.68 |
(a) | | Includes after tax early extinguishment charges incurred of $1.2 million in the first quarter of 2005, $0.2 million in the second quarter of 2005, and $0.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2005, totaling $1.7 million or $0.04 per diluted share in connection with the redemption of $64.4 million of the Company's 4.75% convertible notes. |
| | |
(b) | | Includes after tax early extinguishment charges incurred of $0.1 million in the third quarter of 2004 and $1.1 million in the fourth quarter of 2004, totaling $1.2 million or $0.03 per diluted share in connection with the redemption of $48.5 million of the Company's 4.75% convertible notes. |
NOTE 20 - OTHER RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, "Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an amendment of APB Opinion No. 29." SFAS No. 153 is effective for nonmonetary asset exchanges occurring in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005, with earlier application permitted. The Company adopted SFAS No. 153, and it did not have a material impact on its 2005 consolidated financial statements.
In March 2005, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 47, "Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations" (FIN 47). FIN 47 clarifies that a conditional asset retirement obligation, as used in SFAS No. 143, "Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations," refers to a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and/or method of the settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the entity. The statement is effective for companies no later than their first fiscal year ending after December 15, 2005. The Company does not expect that FIN 47 will have a significant effect on its consolidated financial statements and is evaluating the timing of its adoption.
- 51 -
In May 2005, the FASB issued SFAS No. 154, "Accounting Changes and Error Corrections" (SFAS 154) which supersedes APB Opinion No. 20, "Accounting Changes and SFAS No. 3, Reporting Accounting Changes in Interim Financial Statements." SFAS 154 provides guidance on the accounting for and reporting of accounting changes and error corrections. It establishes, unless impracticable, retrospective application as the required method for reporting a change in accounting principle in the absence of explicit transition requirements specific to the newly adopted accounting principle. The correction of an error in previously issued financial statements is not an accounting change. However, the reporting of an error correction involves adjustments to previously issued financial statements similar to those generally applicable to reporting an accounting change retroactively. Therefore, the reporting of a correction of an error by restating previously issued financial statements is also addressed by this statement. SFAS 154 is effective for accounting changes and corrections of errors made in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2005. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS 154 to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING
AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Company's chief executive officer and chief financial officer, the Company has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of its disclosure controls and procedures within the 90-day period prior to the filing of this annual report, and based on their evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective. There were no significant changes in the Company's internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect these controls subsequent to the date of their evaluation.
Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Company's principal executive officer and principal financial officer, the Company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting based on the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) Framework. Based on that evaluation, management concluded that internal control over financial reporting was effective as of October 30, 2005. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting is not intended to provide absolute assurance that a misstatement of the Company's financial statements would be prevented or detected.
Deloitte and Touche LLP has audited the Company's evaluation of the internal control environment in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB). Those standards require that Deloitte and Touche LLP plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Deloitte and Touche LLP has issued an unqualified report stating the Company has maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of October 30, 2005.
January 11, 2006
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
- 52 -
PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The information as to Directors required by Item 401, 405 and 406 of Regulation S-K is set forth in the Company's 2006 definitive Proxy Statement which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K under the caption "PROPOSAL 1 - ELECTION OF DIRECTORS" and in paragraph three under the caption "MEETINGS AND COMMITTEES OF THE BOARD" and is incorporated in this report by reference. The information as to Executive Officers is included in the Company's 2006 definitive Proxy Statement under the caption "EXECUTIVE OFFICERS" and is incorporated in this report by reference.
The Company has adopted a code of ethics that applies to its principal executive officer, principal financial officer and principal accounting officer or controller. A copy of the code of ethics may be obtained, free of charge, by writing to the General Counsel of Photronics, Inc., at 15 Secor Road, Brookfield, Connecticut 06804.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K is set forth in the Company's 2006 definitive Proxy Statement under the captions "EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION," "STOCK OPTIONS," "CERTAIN AGREEMENTS," and "DIRECTORS' COMPENSATION," respectively, and is incorporated in this report by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
AND RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS
The information required by Items 403 and 201(d) of Regulation S-K is set forth in the Company's 2006 definitive Proxy Statement under the captions "Ownership of Common Stock by Directors, Nominees, Officers and Certain Beneficial Owners" and "Equity Compensation Plan Information," respectively, and is incorporated in this report by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
The information required by Item 404 of Regulation S-K is set forth in the Company's 2006 definitive Proxy Statement under the caption "CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS" and is incorporated in this report by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
The information required by Item 9 (e) of Schedule 14A is set forth in the Company's 2006 definitive Proxy Statement under the captions "Fees Paid to the Independent Auditors" and "AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT," respectively, and is incorporated in this report by reference.
- 53 -
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K
(A) The following documents are filed as part of this report: |
|
| 1) | Financial Statements |
|
| | Report of Registered Independent Public Accounting Firm |
|
| | Consolidated Balance Sheets at October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004 |
|
| | Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003 |
|
| | Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004, and November 2, 2003 |
| | |
| | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004, and November 2, 2003 |
|
| | Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements |
| | |
| 2) | Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Supplemental Schedules |
| | |
| | Schedule II, Valuation Account - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the fiscal years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004, and November 2, 2003 |
- 54 -
| | Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Supplemental Schedules |
| | |
| | Board of Directors and Shareholders |
| | Photronics, Inc. |
| | Brookfield, Connecticut |
| | |
| | We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Photronics, Inc. and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of October 30, 2005 and October 31, 2004, and for each of the three fiscal years ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003, management's assessment of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of October 30, 2005, and the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of October 30, 2005, and have issued our report thereon dated January 11, 2006; such consolidated financial statements and report are included elsewhere in the Form 10-K. Our audits also included the consolidated financial statement schedules of the Company listed in Item 15. These consolidated financial statement schedules are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion based on our audits. In our opinion, such consolidated financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. |
| | |
| | DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP |
| | Hartford, Connecticut |
| | January 11, 2006 |
- 55 -
| | Schedule II |
| | Valuation and Qualifying Accounts |
| | for the Years Ended October 30, 2005, October 31, 2004 and November 2, 2003 |
| | (in thousands) |
| | |
| | Balance at | | Charge to | | | | Balance at |
| | Beginning of | | Costs and | | | | End of |
| | Year | | Expenses | | Deductions | | Year |
| |
| |
| |
| |
|
| | | | | | | | |
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Year ended October 30, 2005 | | $ 3,246 | | $ (593) | | $ (178) | (a) | $ 2,475 |
Year ended October 31, 2004 | | $ 2,828 | | $ 1,530 | | $(1,112) | (a) | $ 3,246 |
Year ended November 2, 2003 | | $ 1,840 | | $ 2,201 | | $(1,213) | (a) | $ 2,828 |
| | | | | | | | |
Deferred Income Tax Valuation Allowance | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
Year ended October 30, 2005 | | $27,483 | | $ 7,762 | | $ - | | $35,245 |
Year ended October 31, 2004 | | $23,217 | | $ 4,266 | | $ - | | $27,483 |
Year ended November 2, 2003 | | $ 2,510 | | $20,707 | | $ - | | $23,217 |
| | | | | | | | |
(a) Uncollectible accounts written off |
- 56 -
3) | Exhibits |
| |
| EXHIBITS INDEX |
| |
Exhibit Number | Description
|
| |
3 (i) (1) | Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2002 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
| |
3 (i) (2) | Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, dated July 9, 1986 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2002 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
| |
3 (i) (3) | Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, dated April 9, 1990 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2002 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
|
3 (i) (4) | Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, dated March 16, 1995 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2002 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
|
3 (i) (5) | Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, dated November 13, 1997 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2002 (Commission file number 0-15451)). |
|
3 (i) (6) | Amendment to the Certificate of Incorporation, dated April 15, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended April 30, 2002 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
|
3 (ii) (1) | By-laws of the Company, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, File Number 33-11694, which was declared effective by the Commission on March 10, 1987). |
| |
4.1 | Form of Indenture between the Company and the Bank of Nova Scotia Trust Company of New York, as Trustee, relating to the 4.75% convertible subordinated notes due December 15, 2006 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K405 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2001 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
|
4.2 | Registration Rights Agreement dated December 12, 2001 between the Company, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K405 for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2001 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
|
4.3 | Form of Indenture between the Company and the Bank of New York, as Trustee, relating to the 2.25% Convertible Subordinated Notes due April 15, 2008 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3, File Number 333-105918, which was filed on June 6, 2003). |
|
4.4 | Registration Rights Agreement, dated April 15, 2003 between the Company, Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated and JP Morgan Securities, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-3, File Number 333-105918, which was filed on June 6, 2003). |
- 57 -
4.5 | Underwriting Agreement dated June 29, 2005 between the Company and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated and JP Morgan Securities Inc. as representatives of the several underwriters, related to the public offering of 7,000,000 shares of Photronics, Inc. common stock, par value, $0.01 at a public offering price of $21.25 per share. The Company also granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to an additional 1,050,000 shares of common stock to cover over-allotments, if any (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8K filed on July 6, 2005 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
| |
4.6 | The Company will furnish to the Commission upon request any other debt instrument referred to in Item 601(b)(4)(iii)(A) of Regulation S-K. |
| |
10.1 | Master Service Agreement dated January 11, 2002 between the Company and RagingWire Telecommunications, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 3, 2002 (Commission File No. 0-15451)). |
| |
10.2 | Real Estate Agreement dated June 19, 2002 between Constantine Macricostas and the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 3, 2002 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
| |
10.3 | Real Estate Agreement dated June 26, 2002 among George Macricostas and Stephen Macricostas and the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended November 3, 2002 (Commission File Number 0-15451)). |
|
10.4 | The Company's 1992 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, File Number 33-47446 which was filed on April 24, 1994).+ |
|
10.5 | Amendment to the Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of April 1, 1998 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (Commission File Number 0-15451)).+ |
| |
10.6 | Amendment to the Employee Stock Purchase Plan as of March 24, 2004 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (Commission File Number 0-15451)).+ |
|
10.7 | The Company's 1994 Stock Option Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-8, Commission File Number 33-78102 which was filed on April 22, 1994).+ |
| |
10.8 | The Company’s 1996 Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated March 13, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (Commission File Number 0-15451)).+ |
| |
10.9 | The Company’s 1998 Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated March 13, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (Commission File Number 0-15451)).+ |
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10.10 | The Company’s 2000 Stock Option Plan, as amended and restated March 13, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.18 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (Commission File Number 0-15451)).+ |
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10.11 | Form of Agreement regarding life insurance between the Company and Executive (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (Commission File Number 0-15451)).+ |
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10.12 | Consulting Agreement between the Company and Constantine S. Macricostas, dated July 11, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8K filed July 13, 2005 (Commission File Number 0-15451)).+ |
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10.13 | Executive Employment Agreement between the Company and Edwin L. Lewis, dated January 4, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to the Company's Annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2004 (Commission File Number 0-15451)).+ |
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10.14 | Executive Employment Agreement between the Company and Michael J. Luttati dated May 12, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8K filed on May 13, 2005 (Commission File Number 0-15451)).+ |
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10.15 | Executive Employment Agreement between the Company and Sean T. Smith dated February 20, 2003 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended February 2, 2003 (Commission File No. 0-15451)).+ |
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10.16 | Resignation Agreement between the Company and Paul J. Fego dated January 25, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10Q filed on June 6, 2005 (Commission File No. 0-15451)). |
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21 | List of Subsidiaries of the Company.* |
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23 | Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP.* |
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31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
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31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
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32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
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32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.* |
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|
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+ Represents a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. |
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* Represents an Exhibit that is filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K. |
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The Company will provide a copy of any exhibit upon receipt of a written request for the particular exhibit or exhibits desired. All requests should be addressed to the Company’s General Counsel at the address of the Company’s principal executive offices. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| PHOTRONICS, INC. |
| (Registrant) |
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By | /s/ SEAN T. SMITH |
|
| | January 11, 2006 |
| Sean T. Smith Senior Vice President Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) | | |
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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. |
|
By | /s/ CONSTANTINE S. MACRICOSTAS |
|
| | January 11, 2006 |
| Constantine S. Macricostas Chairman of the Board | | |
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By | /s/ MICHAEL J. LUTTATI |
|
| | January 11, 2006 |
| Michael J. Luttati Chief Executive Officer Director | | |
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By | /s/ SEAN T. SMITH |
|
| | January 11, 2006 |
| Sean T. Smith Senior Vice President Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) | | |
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By | /s/ WALTER M. FIEDEROWICZ |
|
| | January 11, 2006 |
| Walter M. Fiederowicz Director | | |
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By | /s/ JOSEPH A. FIORITA, JR. |
|
| | January 11, 2006 |
| Joseph A. Fiorita, Jr. Director | | |
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By | /s/ GEORGE C. MACRICOSTAS |
|
| | January 11, 2006 |
| George C. Macricostas Director | | |
| |
By | /s/ WILLEM D. MARIS |
|
| | January 11, 2006 |
| Willem D. Maris Director | | |
| |
By | /s/ MITCHELL G. TYSON |
|
| | January 11, 2006 |
| Mitchell G. Tyson Director | | |
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